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Rossetto IMU, Santos FR, da Silva HM, Minatel E, Mesquitta M, Salvador MJ, Montico F, Cagnon VHA. Tempol effect on oxidative and mitochondrial markers in preclinical models for prostate cancer. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2024; 13:tfae056. [PMID: 38623092 PMCID: PMC11015989 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfae056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Tempol is a redox-cycling nitroxide considered a potent antioxidant. The present study investigated the tempol effects on oxidative stress and mitochondrial markers on prostate cancer (PCa). Methods PC-3 and LnCaP cells were exposed to tempol. Cell viability test, western blot and Amplex Red analyses were performed. In vivo, five experimental groups evaluated tempol effects in the early (CT12 and TPL12 groups) and late stages (CT20, TPL20-I, and TLP20-II) of PCa development. The TPL groups were treated with 50 or 100 mg/kg tempol doses. Control groups received water as the vehicle. The ventral lobe of the prostate and the blood were collected and submitted to western blotting or enzymatic activity analyses. Results In vitro, tempol decreased cell viability and differentially altered the H2O2 content for PC-3 and LNCaP. Tempol increased SOD2 levels in both cell lines and did not alter Catalase protein levels. In vivo, tempol increased SOD2 levels in the early stage and did not change Catalase levels in the different PCa stages. Systemically, tempol decreased SOD2 levels in the late-stage and improved redox status in the early and late stages, which was confirmed by reduced LDH in tempol groups. Alterations on energetic metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation were observed in TRAMP model. Conclusion Tempol can be considered a beneficial therapy for PCa treatment considering its antioxidant and low toxicity properties, however the PCa progression must be evaluated to get successful therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela Maria Urra Rossetto
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 255 Monteiro Lobato St., Campinas, SP 13083862, Brazil
| | - Felipe Rabelo Santos
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 255 Monteiro Lobato St., Campinas, SP 13083862, Brazil
| | - Heloina Mariano da Silva
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 255 Monteiro Lobato St., Campinas, SP 13083862, Brazil
| | - Elaine Minatel
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 255 Monteiro Lobato St., Campinas, SP 13083862, Brazil
| | - Mariana Mesquitta
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 255 Monteiro Lobato St., Campinas, SP 13083862, Brazil
| | - Marcos José Salvador
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 255 Monteiro Lobato St., Campinas, SP 13083862, Brazil
| | - Fábio Montico
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 255 Monteiro Lobato St., Campinas, SP 13083862, Brazil
| | - Valéria Helena Alves Cagnon
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 255 Monteiro Lobato St., Campinas, SP 13083862, Brazil
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Montico F, Lamas CDA, Rossetto IMU, Baseggio AM, Cagnon VHA. Lobe-specific responses of TRAMP mice dorsolateral prostate following celecoxib and nintedanib therapy. J Mol Histol 2023; 54:379-403. [PMID: 37335420 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-023-10130-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Delayed cancer progression in the ventral prostate of the Transgenic Adenocarcinoma of the Mouse Prostate (TRAMP) model has been previously reported upon celecoxib and nintedanib co-administration. Herein, we sought to further investigate the effects of these drugs association in some of their direct molecular targets (COX-2, VEGF and VEGFR-2) and in reactive stroma markers (TGF-β, αSMA, vimentin and pro-collagen 1) in the dorsolateral prostate, looking for lobe-specific responses. Male TRAMP mice were treated with celecoxib (10 mg/Kg, i.o.) and/or nintedanib (15 mg/Kg, i.o.) for 6 weeks and prostate was harvested for morphological and protein expression analyses. Results showed that combined therapy resulted in unique antitumor effects in dorsolateral prostate, especially due to the respective stromal or epithelial antiproliferative actions of these drugs, which altogether led to a complete inversion in high-grade (HGPIN) versus low-grade (LGPIN) premalignant lesion incidences in relation to controls. At the molecular level, this duality in drug action was paralleled by the differential down/upregulation of TGF-β signaling by celecoxib/nintedanib, thus leading to associated changes in stroma composition towards regression or quiescence, respectively. Additionally, combined therapy was able to promote decreased expression of inflammatory (COX-2) and angiogenesis (VEGF/VEGFR-2) mediators. Overall, celecoxib and nintedanib association provided enhanced antitumor effects in TRAMP dorsolateral as compared to former registers in ventral prostate, thus demonstrating lobe-specific responses of this combined chemoprevention approach. Among these responses, we highlight the ability in promoting TGF-β signaling and its associated stromal maturation/stabilization, thus yielding a more quiescent stromal milieu and resulting in greater epithelial proliferation impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Montico
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Bertrand Russell Avenue, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-865, Brazil.
| | - Celina de Almeida Lamas
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Bertrand Russell Avenue, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-865, Brazil
| | - Isabela Maria Urra Rossetto
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Bertrand Russell Avenue, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-865, Brazil
| | - Andressa Mara Baseggio
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-852, Brazil
| | - Valéria Helena Alves Cagnon
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Bertrand Russell Avenue, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-865, Brazil
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Amaro GM, da Silva ADT, Tamarindo GH, Lamas CDA, Taboga SR, Cagnon VHA, Góes RM. Differential effects of omega-3 PUFAS on tumor progression at early and advanced stages in TRAMP mice. Prostate 2022; 82:1491-1504. [PMID: 36039485 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In vitro studies evidenced antitumor effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ([n-3] PUFAs), but their effects on prostate cancer (PCa) remain controversial in epidemiological studies. Here we investigated whether an (n-3) PUFA-enriched diet affects tumor progression in transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate (TRAMP), at early (12 weeks age) and advanced stages (20 weeks age). METHODS TRAMP mice were fed with standard rodent diet (C12, C20) or (n-3) PUFA-enriched diet containing 10% fish oil (T12, T20). A group of 8 weeks age animals fed standard diet was also used for comparison (C8). The ventral prostate was processed for histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses and serum samples submitted to biochemical assays. RESULTS At early stages, (n-3) PUFA increased the frequency of normal epithelium (3.8-fold) and decreased the frequency of high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (3.3-fold) and in situ carcinoma (1.9-fold) in the gland, maintaining prostate pathological status similar to C8 group. At advanced stages, 50% of the animals developed a large primary tumor in both C20 and T20, and tumor weight did not differ (C20: 2.2 ± 2.4; T20: 2.8 ± 2.9 g). The ventral prostate of T12 and of T20 animals that did not develop primary tumors showed lower cell proliferation, tissue expressions of androgen (AR) and glucocorticoid (GR) receptors, than their respective controls. For these animals, (n-3) PUFA also avoided an increase in the number of T-lymphocytes, collagen fibers, and αSMA immunoreactivity, and preserved stromal gland microenvironment. (n-3) PUFA also lowered serum triglycerides and cholesterol, regulating the lipid metabolism of TRAMP mice. CONCLUSIONS (n-3) PUFAs had a protective effect at early stages of PCa, delaying tumor progression in TRAMP mice, in parallel with reductions in cell proliferation, AR, and GR and maintenance of the stromal compartment of the gland. However, (n-3) PUFAs did not prevent the development of primary tumors for the T20 group, reinforcing the need for further investigation at advanced stages of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo M Amaro
- Departament of Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alana D T da Silva
- Departament of Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Guilherme H Tamarindo
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Celina de A Lamas
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sebastião R Taboga
- Departament of Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Valéria Helena Alves Cagnon
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rejane M Góes
- Departament of Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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Kido LA, Rossetto IMU, Baseggio AM, Chiarotto GB, Alves LF, Santos FR, Lamas CDA, Jr MRM, Cagnon VHA. Brazilian Berry Extract Differentially Induces Inflammatory and Immune Responses in Androgen Dependent and Independent Prostate Cancer Cells. J Cancer Prev 2022; 27:182-191. [PMID: 36258714 PMCID: PMC9537582 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2022.27.3.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Jaboticaba is a Brazilian berry, which is rich in fibers and bioactive compounds and shows high antioxidant and antiproliferative activities. Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common type of cancer among men and its progression is influenced by androgens and inflammation. Previous studies reported the ability of the jaboticaba to modulate pathways involved in prostate diseases. The main objective of this study was to provide significant data about molecular targets of the jaboticaba peel extract (JPE) and its mechanisms of action in PCa cell lines with different androgenic status (LNCaP and PC-3). The results showed that JPE was able to decrease cell viability in both cell lines. LNCaP showed more sensitivity to JPE exposure, indicating the efficacy of the JPE treatment in terms of androgen responsiveness. JPE showed a distinct hormone dependent effect on the NF-κB signaling, with reduced NF-κB levels for LNCaP and increased NF-κB levels in PC-3 cells. Mechanisms related to cell death by apoptosis were stimulated after the JPE treatment, modulating B-cell lymphoma 2 and BAX for LNCaP and PC-3. Particularly for PC-3, the JPE treatment resulted in cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction activation mostly by up regulating pro-inflammatory, pro-angiogenic, immunostimulatory and immunosuppressive genes. Also, a set of genes related to angiogenesis and metastasis were down-regulated by JPE. In conclusion, JPE exerted an antitumor effect on PCa for both cell lines which can be enhanced if androgenic reliance is considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Akemi Kido
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, São Paulo, Brazil,Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil,Correspondence to Larissa Akemi Kido, E-mail: , https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3653-8035
| | | | - Andressa Mara Baseggio
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Letícia Ferreira Alves
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Felipe Rabelo Santos
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Mário Roberto Maróstica Jr
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Rossetto IMU, Cagnon VHA, Kido LA, Lizarte Neto FS, Tirapelli LF, Tirapelli DPDC, de Almeida Chuffa LG, Martinez FE, Martinez M. Caffeine consumption attenuates ethanol-induced inflammation through the regulation of adenosinergic receptors in the UChB rats cerebellum. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2021; 10:835-849. [PMID: 34484675 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfab067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Caffeine consumption is able to interfere in cellular processes related to inflammatory mechanisms by acting through the adenosinergic system. This study aimed to recognize alterations related to adenosinergic system and inflammatory process in the cerebellum of University of Chile Bibulous (UChB) rats after the consumption of ethanol and caffeine. UChB and Wistar rats, males at 5 months old, were divided into the groups (n = 15/group): (i) Control (Wistar rats receiving water); (ii) Ethanol group (UChB rats receiving ethanol solution at 10%) and (iii) Ethanol+caffeine group (UChB rats receiving ethanol solution at 10% added of 3 g/L of caffeine). The cerebellar tissue was collected and processed for immunohistochemistry, Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blotting techniques for the adenosinergic receptors A1 and A2a and inflammatory markers, including Nuclear factor kappa B (NFkB), TLR4, TLR2, MyD88, TNF-α, COX-2, iNOS and microglial marker Iba-1. Results showed ethanol and caffeine consumption differentially altering the immunolocalization of adenosinergic receptors and inflammatory markers in the cerebellar tissue. The A2a receptor was overexpressed in the Ethanol group and was evident in the glial cells. The Ethanol group had increased protein levels for NFκB and TLR4, expressively in Bergmann glia and Purkinje cells. Caffeine reduced the expression of these markers to levels similar to those found in the Control group. The A1 gene was upregulated the Ethanol group, but not its protein levels, suggesting post-transcriptional interference. In conclusion, caffeine seems to attenuate ethanol-induced inflammation in the cerebellum of UChB rats through the A1 and A2a modulation, playing a neuroprotective role in the chronic context of ethanol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela Maria Urra Rossetto
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 255 Monteiro Lobato St, Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Valéria Helena Alves Cagnon
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 255 Monteiro Lobato St, Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Larissa Akemi Kido
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 80 Monteiro Lobato St, Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Fermino Sanches Lizarte Neto
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, University of São Paulo (USP), 3900 Bandeirantes Ave, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Luís Fernando Tirapelli
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, University of São Paulo (USP), 3900 Bandeirantes Ave, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14049-900, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz Gustavo de Almeida Chuffa
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, State University of São Paulo (UNESP), 250 Prof. Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin St, Botucatu, SP 18618-689, Brazil
| | - Francisco Eduardo Martinez
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, State University of São Paulo (UNESP), 250 Prof. Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin St, Botucatu, SP 18618-689, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Martinez
- Department of Morphology and Pathology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), 13571 Biblioteca Comunitária Ave, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil
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Baseggio AM, Kido LA, Viganó J, Carneiro MJ, Lamas CDA, Martínez J, Sawaya ACHF, Cagnon VHA, Maróstica Júnior MR. Systemic antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of yellow passion fruit bagasse extract during prostate cancer progression. J Food Biochem 2021; 46:e13885. [PMID: 34338308 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated the impact of yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis sp.) bagasse extract (PFBE) administration in systemic oxidative and inflammatory parameters in vivo, considering prostate cancer progression in transgenic mice (TRAMP). Piceatannol, scirpusin-B, dicaffeoylquinic acid, citric acid, and (+)-catechin were identified in PFBE, and the extract showed high in vitro antioxidant capacity. Some alterations in systemic parameters were verified during prostate cancer progression, as the increase in ALT and MDA levels, and SOD and GPx activities in the plasma. In the liver, higher MDA, TNF-α, and NF-κB levels, and GR and GPx activities were verified. Compared to their respective controls, the short- and long-term PFBE administration reduced MDA levels in the liver and plasma. The long-term treatment increased the catalase activity in the plasma, while the short-term treatment increased the hepatic SOD and catalase activities. Still, a reduction in hepatic TNF-α and NF-κB levels was verified after long-term treatment. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Prostate cancer progression is associated with changes in systemic redox status and inflammation markers. Moreover, the intake of polyphenols with antioxidant properties, besides delaying prostate carcinogenesis, may improve the systemic antioxidant defenses and inflammatory response. In vitro studies pointed to a promising antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of yellow passion fruit bagasse. However, in vivo studies are scarce. Our results provided information about in vivo impacts of PFBE oral consumption on antioxidant defense and inflammation, indicating its potential as an adjuvant during the initial steps of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Mara Baseggio
- Faculty of Food Engineering, Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Larissa Akemi Kido
- Faculty of Food Engineering, Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil.,Institute of Biology, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Juliane Viganó
- Faculty of Food Engineering, Department of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Mara Junqueira Carneiro
- Institute of Biology, Department of Plant Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Celina de Almeida Lamas
- Institute of Biology, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Julian Martínez
- Faculty of Food Engineering, Department of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Valéria Helena Alves Cagnon
- Institute of Biology, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
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da Silva HNM, Covatti C, da Rocha GL, Mizobuti DS, Mâncio RD, Hermes TDA, Kido LA, Cagnon VHA, Pereira ECL, Minatel E. Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Activators of Mitochondrial Biogenesis: Tempol Targets in the Diaphragm Muscle of Exercise Trained- mdx Mice. Front Physiol 2021; 12:649793. [PMID: 33981250 PMCID: PMC8107395 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.649793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The mdx mouse phenotype aggravated by chronic exercise on a treadmill makes this murine model more reliable for the study of muscular dystrophy. Thus, to better assess the Tempol effect on dystrophic pathways, the analyses in this study were performed in the blood samples and diaphragm muscle from treadmill trained adult (7–11-weeks old) mdx animals. The mdx mice were divided into three groups: mdxSed, sedentary controls (n = 28); mdxEx, exercise-trained animals (n = 28); and mdxEx+T, exercise-trained animals with the Tempol treatment (n = 28). The results demonstrated that the Tempol treatment promoted muscle strength gain, prevented muscle damage, reduced the inflammatory process, oxidative stress, and angiogenesis regulator, and up regulated the activators of mitochondrial biogenesis. The main new findings of this study are that Tempol reduced the NF-κB and increased the PGC1-α and PPARδ levels in the exercise-trained-mdx mice, which are probably related to the ability of this antioxidant to scavenge excessive ROS. These results reinforce the use of Tempol as a potential therapeutic strategy in DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Caroline Covatti
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Luiz da Rocha
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Daniela Sayuri Mizobuti
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Rafael Dias Mâncio
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Túlio de Almeida Hermes
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Larissa Akemi Kido
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Valéria Helena Alves Cagnon
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Elaine Cristina Leite Pereira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil.,Faculty of Ceilândia, University of Brasília (UnB), Brasília, Brazil
| | - Elaine Minatel
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
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Rossetto IMU, Kido LA, Santos FR, Montico F, de Almeida Lamas C, Cagnon VHA. Tempol Treatment Inhibits Inflammatory Process and Improves Morphological Aspects in Early and Late‐stage of Prostate Cancer Progression in the Ventral Lobe of TRAMP Model. FASEB J 2020. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.09307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Macedo AB, Mizobuti DS, Hermes TDA, Mâncio RD, Pertille A, Kido LA, Cagnon VHA, Minatel E. Photobiomodulation Therapy for Attenuating the Dystrophic Phenotype of Mdx Mice. Photochem Photobiol 2019; 96:200-207. [PMID: 31733143 DOI: 10.1111/php.13179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study analyzed photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) effects on regenerative, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and angiogenic markers in the dystrophic skeletal muscle of mdx mice, the experimental model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), during the acute phase of dystrophy disease. The following groups were set up: Ctrl (control group of normal wild-type mice; C57BL/10); mdx (untreated mdx mice); mdxPred (mdx mice treated with prednisolone) and mdxLA (mdx mice treated with PBMT). The PBMT was carried out using an Aluminum Gallium Arsenide (AIGaAs; IBRAMED® laserpulse) diode, 830 nm wavelength, applied on the dystrophic quadriceps muscle. The mdxLA group showed a degenerative and regenerative area reduction simultaneously with a MyoD level increase, ROS production and inflammatory marker reduction and up-regulation in the VEGF factor. In addition, PBMT presented similar effects to prednisolone treatment in most of the parameters analyzed. In conclusion, our results indicate that PBMT in the parameters selected attenuated the dystrophic phenotype of mdx mice, improving skeletal muscle regeneration; reducing the oxidative stress and inflammatory process; and up-regulating the angiogenic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Barbosa Macedo
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniela Sayuri Mizobuti
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Tulio de Almeida Hermes
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael Dias Mâncio
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriana Pertille
- Graduate Program in Science of Human Movement, Universidade Metodista de Piracicaba (UNIMEP), Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Larissa Akemi Kido
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Valéria Helena Alves Cagnon
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Elaine Minatel
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Nogueira-Lima E, Lamas CDA, Baseggio AM, do Vale JSF, Maróstica Junior MR, Cagnon VHA. High-fat diet effects on the prostatic adenocarcinoma model and jaboticaba peel extract intake: protective response in metabolic disorders and liver histopathology. Nutr Cancer 2019; 72:1366-1377. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2019.1684526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Nogueira-Lima
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Andressa Mara Baseggio
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Hermes TDA, Mâncio RD, Macedo AB, Mizobuti DS, da Rocha GL, Cagnon VHA, Minatel E. Tempol treatment shows phenotype improvement in mdx mice. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215590. [PMID: 31009514 PMCID: PMC6476507 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Considering potential Tempol effects on mdx muscle fibers, in this study we evaluated its effects on relevant dystrophic phenotypic characteristics, such as muscle degeneration, inflammatory process and angiogenesis, which as yet have not been investigated. Mdx mice were randomly assigned into three groups: mdxS, the control group receiving intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of saline solution (100μL); mdxP, positive control group receiving prednisolone (1mg/kg) by oral gavage; and mdxT, treated group receiving i.p. injections of tempol (100 mg/kg). C57BL/10 mice were also used as controls. Tempol treatment promoted gain in muscle strength and reduced myonecrosis and inflammatory response in the dystrophic diaphragm (DIA) and biceps brachii (BB) muscles. No evidence of Tempol's beneficial performance on angiogenesis in DIA and BB mdx muscles was found. The findings presented here show that Tempol treatment improves dystrophic phenotype, supporting its use as a potential therapeutic strategy in DMD.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antioxidants/administration & dosage
- Antioxidants/pharmacology
- Cyclic N-Oxides/administration & dosage
- Cyclic N-Oxides/pharmacology
- Diaphragm/metabolism
- Diaphragm/physiopathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Humans
- Injections, Intraperitoneal
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred mdx
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/drug effects
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/metabolism
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/physiology
- Muscle Strength/drug effects
- Muscle, Skeletal/drug effects
- Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
- Muscle, Skeletal/physiopathology
- Muscular Dystrophies/genetics
- Muscular Dystrophies/pathology
- Muscular Dystrophies/physiopathology
- Muscular Dystrophy, Animal/genetics
- Muscular Dystrophy, Animal/pathology
- Muscular Dystrophy, Animal/physiopathology
- Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/genetics
- Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/pathology
- Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/physiopathology
- Phenotype
- Spin Labels
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Affiliation(s)
- Túlio de Almeida Hermes
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Dias Mâncio
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aline Barbosa Macedo
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniela Sayuri Mizobuti
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Luiz da Rocha
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Valéria Helena Alves Cagnon
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elaine Minatel
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Mateus PAM, Kido LA, Silva RS, Cagnon VHA, Montico F. Association of anti-inflammatory and antiangiogenic therapies negatively influences prostate cancer progression in TRAMP mice. Prostate 2019; 79:515-535. [PMID: 30585351 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic inflammation has been implicated in cancer etiology and angiogenesis is stimulated in this disease. In prostate, the crosstalk between malignant epithelial cells and their microenvironment is an essential step of tumorigenesis during which glandular stroma undergo changes designated as reactive stroma. Thus, the aim herewith was to evaluate the effects of associating anti-inflammatory and antiangiogenic therapies on cancer progression, correlating them with steroid hormone receptor (AR and ERα), reactive stroma (vimentin, αSMA, and TGF-β), and cell proliferation (PCNA) markers expression in the Transgenic Adenocarcinoma of Mouse Prostate (TRAMP) model. METHODS TRAMP mice (12-week old) were divided into the groups: Control (TRCON): received the vehicles used for drug dilution; Celecoxib (TRCEL): received oral doses of the anti-inflammatory drug celecoxib (15 mg/kg) twice daily; Nintedanib (TRNTB): received oral doses of the antiangiogenic drug nintedanib (10 mg/kg) daily; Nintedanib+Celecoxib (TRNTCEL): received the combination of drugs. After 6 weeks, mice were euthanized and ventral prostate samples were harvested for morphological, immunohistochemical, and Western blotting analyses. RESULTS While celecoxib led to fibromuscular hypertrophy attenuation, nintedanib significantly reduced the incidence of well-differentiated adenocarcinoma (WDAC) foci in relation to controls, both when administered per se or in association to celecoxib. Furthermore, drug combination was associated with unique effects, including lower incidence of HGPIN lesions; lower AR stromal distribution; changes in ERα localization from epithelial nuclei to stroma as well as significant decrease of TGF-β levels and associated angiogenesis. In parallel, all treatments applied resulted in reduced inflammatory marker and vimentin (VIM) expression. CONCLUSIONS Celecoxib plus nintedanib is an effective antitumor combination against prostate cancer progression in TRAMP mice, showing remarkable efficacy in relation to isolated therapies. Importantly, this efficacy might be due to drug association effect on driving AR and mainly ERα distribution in the prostatic tissue towards benign patterns. In addition, celecoxib and nintedanib impaired the development of a stromal reaction by reducing the recruitment of reactive stroma cells and maintaining a normal smooth muscle cell-rich prostate stroma in TRAMP mice. Collectively, these findings pointed to the beneficial effects of combining anti-inflammatory and antiangiogenic strategies to prevent or delay prostatic tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Augusto Marischka Mateus
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Larissa Akemi Kido
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Sauce Silva
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Valéria Helena Alves Cagnon
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabio Montico
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- School of Medicine, University of Western São Paulo (UNOESTE), Jaú, São Paulo, Brazil
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Kido LA, de Almeida Lamas C, Maróstica MR, Cagnon VHA. Transgenic Adenocarcinoma of the Mouse Prostate (TRAMP) model: A good alternative to study PCa progression and chemoprevention approaches. Life Sci 2019; 217:141-147. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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14
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Baseggio AM, Nuñez CEC, Dragano NRV, Lamas CA, Braga PADC, Lenquiste SA, Reyes FGR, Cagnon VHA, Júnior MRM. Jaboticaba peel extract decrease autophagy in white adipose tissue and prevents metabolic disorders in mice fed with a high-fat diet. PharmaNutrition 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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15
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Hermes TDA, Kido LA, Macedo AB, Mizobuti DS, Moraes LHR, Somazz MC, Cagnon VHA, Minatel E. Sex influences diaphragm muscle response in exercised mdx mice. Cell Biol Int 2018; 42:1611-1621. [PMID: 30238549 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Physical exercise promotes increased muscle damage in the mdx mice, the experimental model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Studies suggest that the estrogen level in females makes them less susceptible to muscle injuries. The aim of this study was to characterize the diaphragm (DIA) muscle response to physical exercise in male and female mdx mice. The animals were divided into four groups: female sedentary mdx; male sedentary mdx; female mdx submitted to exercise; and male mdx mice submitted to exercise. Blood samples were used to determine creatine kinase (CK). Regenerated muscle fibers were indicated by the presence of central nucleus and also inflammation areas were determined in DIA muscle sections. The alpha and beta estrogen receptors (ER) were determined by means of immunohistochemistry evaluation in the dystrophic DIA muscle. Male mdx animals submitted to exercise showed increased CK levels and inflammatory area. The quantification of regenerated fibers was higher in male animals, submitted or not to physical exercise. Greater alpha and beta ER expression was verified in the females submitted to exercise in the DIA muscle than in the other experimental groups. Therefore, estrogen may have contributed to the prevention of increased inflammatory process and DIA injury in females submitted to exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Túlio de Almeida Hermes
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil.,Centro Regional Universitário de Espírito Santo do Pinhal (UNIPINHAL), Espírito Santo do Pinhal, São Paulo 13990-000, Brazil
| | - Larissa Akemi Kido
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Aline Barbosa Macedo
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Daniela Sayuri Mizobuti
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Luiz Henrique Rapucci Moraes
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Marco Cesar Somazz
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil.,Centro Regional Universitário de Espírito Santo do Pinhal (UNIPINHAL), Espírito Santo do Pinhal, São Paulo 13990-000, Brazil
| | - Valéria Helena Alves Cagnon
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Elaine Minatel
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
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Alves LF, da Silva RF, Cagnon VHA. Nintedanib effects on delaying cancer progression and decreasing COX-2 and IL-17 in the prostate anterior lobe in TRAMP mice. Tissue Cell 2017; 50:96-103. [PMID: 29429524 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most prevalent type of cancer in men around the world. Due to its high incidence, new therapies have been evaluated, including drugs capable of inhibiting the FGF/VEGF pathways, as Nintedanib. The aim herein was to evaluate the Nintedanib therapeutic effects on morphology and COX-2 and IL-17 levels in the prostate anterior lobe in different grades of the tumor progression in TRAMP mice. Animals were treated with Nintedanib at a dose of 10 mg/kg/day in initial and intermediate grades of tumor development. At the end of treatment, the prostate anterior lobe was collected and submitted to morphological, immunohistochemical and Western Blotting analyses. The results showed that Nintedanib delayed the prostate carcinogenesis progression, with over 20% of reduction in frequency of tissue injuries, particularly in the group treated from 12 to 16 weeks of age. Also, decreased COX-2 and IL-17 levels were observed in both groups treated with Nintedanib in the prostate anterior lobe. Thus, we concluded that Nintedanib was effective in delaying tumor progression and, despite not directly acting on inflammation, Nintedanib may adversely affect inflammatory pathways, favoring prostate cancer delay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Ferreira Alves
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raquel Frenedoso da Silva
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Valéria Helena Alves Cagnon
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil.
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da Silva RF, Borges CDS, de Almeida Lamas C, Cagnon VHA, de Grava Kempinas W. Arsenic trioxide exposure impairs testicular morphology in adult male mice and consequent fetus viability. J Toxicol Environ Health A 2017; 80:1166-1179. [PMID: 28956719 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2017.1376405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a rare disease, affecting 0.1/100,000 individuals globally. Despite significant advances in APL therapy, some patients still experience relapsed disease. Currently, arsenic trioxide (As2O3) was found to be effective in relapsed APL treatment and considered as standard treatment for these cases. However, it has been shown that exposure to As2O3 may exert adverse effects on the male reproductive system since this substance might also induce apoptosis of other important cell types including stem cells. Studies demonstrated that treatment with this metallic substance decreased plasma levels of testosterone and interfered with sperm parameters such as concentration, motility, and viability. In addition, As2O3 was found to produce significant damage to spermatocytes, which may be associated with testicular toxicity and consequent inhibition of spermatogenesis. The aim of this study was to determine sub-chronic treatment effects of As2O3 on sperm and testicular morphology, androgen receptor (AR) immunoreactivity in testes and epididymis, in addition to evaluation of fertility parameters in adult male mice. Thirty adult Swiss mice were divided into three experimental groups: control; received distilled water (vehicle) while treated received 0.3 or 3 mg/kg/day As2O3 subcutaneously, for 5 days per week, followed by 2 days of interruption, for 5 weeks. Results showed that As2O3 (1) decreased spermatozoa number, (2) produced seminiferous epithelium degeneration and exfoliation of germ cells tubule lumen (3) altered nucleus/cytoplasm proportion of Leydig cells and (4) reduced AR immunoreactivity in both Leydig and epithelial epididymal cells. Further, fetal viability tests demonstrated an increase in post-implantation loss in females that were mated with As2O3-treated males. Data indicate that As2O3 exposure altered the spermatogenic process and subsequently fetal viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Frenedoso da Silva
- a Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology , University of Campinas (UNICAMP) , Campinas , SP , Brazil
| | - Cibele Dos Santos Borges
- b Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences , Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP) , Botucatu , SP , Brazil
| | - Celina de Almeida Lamas
- a Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology , University of Campinas (UNICAMP) , Campinas , SP , Brazil
| | - Valéria Helena Alves Cagnon
- a Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology , University of Campinas (UNICAMP) , Campinas , SP , Brazil
| | - Wilma de Grava Kempinas
- b Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences , Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP) , Botucatu , SP , Brazil
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da Silva RF, Nogueira-Pangrazi E, Kido LA, Montico F, Arana S, Kumar D, Raina K, Agarwal R, Cagnon VHA. Nintedanib antiangiogenic inhibitor effectiveness in delaying adenocarcinoma progression in Transgenic Adenocarcinoma of the Mouse Prostate (TRAMP). J Biomed Sci 2017; 24:31. [PMID: 28499383 PMCID: PMC5429557 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-017-0334-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In recent times, anti-cancer treatments have focused on Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) and Vascular-Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) pathway inhibitors so as to target tumor angiogenesis and cellular proliferation. One such drug is Nintedanib; the present study evaluated the effectiveness of Nintedanib treatment against in vitro proliferation of human prostate cancer (PCa) cell lines, and growth and progression of different grades of PCa lesions in pre-clinical PCa transgenic adenocarcinoma for the mouse prostate (TRAMP) model. Methods Both androgen-independent (LNCaP) and androgen-dependent (PC3) PCa cell lines were treated with a range of Nintedanib doses for 72 h, and effect on cell growth and expression of angiogenesis associated VEGF receptors was analyzed. In pre-clinical efficacy evaluation, male TRAMP mice starting at 8 and 12 weeks of age were orally-fed with vehicle control (10% Tween 20) or Nintedanib (10 mg/Kg/day in vehicle control) for 4 weeks, and sacrificed immediately after 4 weeks of drug treatment or sacrificed 6–10 weeks after stopping drug treatments. At the end of treatment schedule, mice were sacrificed and ventral lobe of prostate was excised along with essential metabolic organ liver, and subjected to histopathological and extensive molecular evaluations. Results The total cell number decreased by 56–80% in LNCaP and 45–93% in PC3 cells after 72 h of Nintedanib treatment at 2.5–25 μM concentrations. In pre-clinical TRAMP studies, Nintedanib led to a delay in tumor progression in all treatment groups; the effect was more pronounced when treatment was given at the beginning of the glandular lesion development and continued till study end. A decreased microvessel density and VEGF immunolocalization was observed, besides decreased expression of Androgen Receptor (AR), VEGFR-1 and FGFR-3 in some of the treated groups. No changes were observed in the histological liver analysis. Conclusions Nintedanib treatment was able to significantly decrease the growth of PCa cell lines and also delay growth and progression of PCa lesions to higher grades of malignancy (without inducing any hepatotoxic effects) in TRAMP mice. Furthermore, it was observed that Nintedanib intervention is more effective when administered during the early stages of neoplastic development, although the drug is capable of reducing cell proliferation even after treatment interruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Frenedoso da Silva
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), P.O. Box 6109, 13083-865, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ellen Nogueira-Pangrazi
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), P.O. Box 6109, 13083-865, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Larissa Akemi Kido
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), P.O. Box 6109, 13083-865, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabio Montico
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), P.O. Box 6109, 13083-865, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sarah Arana
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dileep Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Komal Raina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Rajesh Agarwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Valéria Helena Alves Cagnon
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), P.O. Box 6109, 13083-865, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Hetzl AC, Montico F, Kido LA, Cagnon VHA. Prolactin, EGFR, vimentin and α-actin profiles in elderly rat prostate subjected to steroid hormonal imbalance. Tissue Cell 2016; 48:189-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2016.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Revised: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Hermes TDA, Macedo AB, Fogaça AR, Moraes LHR, de Faria FM, Kido LA, Cagnon VHA, Minatel E. Beneficial cilostazol therapeutic effects inmdxdystrophic skeletal muscle. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2016; 43:259-67. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Túlio de Almeida Hermes
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology; Institute of Biology; State University of Campinas (UNICAMP); Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | - Aline Barbosa Macedo
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology; Institute of Biology; State University of Campinas (UNICAMP); Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | - Aline Reis Fogaça
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology; Institute of Biology; State University of Campinas (UNICAMP); Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | - Luis Henrique Rapucci Moraes
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology; Institute of Biology; State University of Campinas (UNICAMP); Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | - Felipe Meira de Faria
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology; Institute of Biology; State University of Campinas (UNICAMP); Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | - Larissa Akemi Kido
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology; Institute of Biology; State University of Campinas (UNICAMP); Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | - Valéria Helena Alves Cagnon
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology; Institute of Biology; State University of Campinas (UNICAMP); Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | - Elaine Minatel
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology; Institute of Biology; State University of Campinas (UNICAMP); Campinas São Paulo Brazil
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Montico F, Kido LA, Hetzl AC, Cagnon VHA. Prostatic angiogenic responses in late life: antiangiogenic therapy influences and relation with the glandular microenvironment in the transgenic adenocarcinoma of mouse prostate (TRAMP) model. Prostate 2015; 75:484-99. [PMID: 25521760 DOI: 10.1002/pros.22934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging is considered one of the main predisposing factors for the development of prostate malignancies. Angiogenesis is fundamental for tumor growth and its inhibition represents a promising therapeutic approach in cancer treatment. Thus, we sought to determine angiogenic responses and the effects of antiangiogenic therapy in the mouse prostate during late life, comparing these findings with the prostatic microenvironment in the Transgenic Adenocarcinoma of Mouse Prostate (TRAMP) model. METHODS Male mice (52 week-old FVB) were submitted to treatments with SU5416 (6 mg/kg; i.p.) and/or TNP-470 (15 mg/kg; s.c.). Finasteride was administered (20 mg/kg; s.c.), alone or in association to both inhibitors. The dorsolateral prostate was collected for VEGF, HIF-1α, FGF-2 and endostatin immunohistochemical and Western Blotting analyses and for microvessel density (MVD) count. RESULTS Senescence led to increased MVD and VEGF, HIF-1α and FGF-2 protein levels in the prostatic microenvironment, similarly to what was observed in TRAMP mice prostate. The angiogenic process was impaired in all the treated groups, demonstrating significantly decreased MVD. Antiangiogenic and/or finasteride treatments resulted in decreased VEGF and HIF-1α levels, especially following TNP-470 administration, either alone or associated to SU5416. The combination of these agents resulted in increased endostatin levels, regardless of the presence of finasteride. CONCLUSIONS Prostatic angiogenesis stimulation during senescence favored the development of neoplastic lesions, considering the pro-angiogenic microenvironment as a common aspect also observed during cancer progression in TRAMP mice. The combined antiangiogenic therapy was more efficient, leading to enhanced imbalance towards angiogenic inhibition in the organ. Finally, finasteride administration might secondarily upregulate the expression of pro-angiogenic factors, pointing to the harmful effects of this therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Montico
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil
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Montico F, Hetzl AC, Cândido EM, Cagnon VHA. Angiogenic and Tissue Remodeling Factors in the Prostate of Elderly Rats Submitted to Hormonal Replacement. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2013; 296:1758-67. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.22786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2013] [Accepted: 07/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fábio Montico
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology; Institute of Biology; University of Campinas; 13083-865 Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | - Amanda Cia Hetzl
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology; Institute of Biology; University of Campinas; 13083-865 Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | - Eduardo Marcelo Cândido
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology; Institute of Biology; University of Campinas; 13083-865 Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | - Valéria Helena Alves Cagnon
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology; Institute of Biology; University of Campinas; 13083-865 Campinas São Paulo Brazil
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Caldeira EJ, Cagnon VHA. IGF-I and INS receptor expression in the salivary glands of diabetic Nod mice submitted to long-term insulin treatment. Cell Biol Int 2013; 32:16-21. [PMID: 17904393 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellbi.2007.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2006] [Revised: 07/13/2007] [Accepted: 08/17/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This work aimed to characterize the IGF-I and INS receptor expression in the salivary glands of Nod mice, correlating to therapeutic effects of insulin treatment on these receptors. Nod mice were divided into: Groups 1 and 2 (diabetic), Groups 3 and 4 (diabetic with insulin treatment) and Group 5 (non-diabetic). Fragments from the salivary glands were processed for immunohistochemical analysis. The results showed that the prolonged diabetic state led to a steadily increased IGF-I receptor expression. INS receptor expression was gradually decreased. It was concluded that not only was the IGF-I receptor expression affected by the diabetic state but also the INS receptor expression. The period of the diabetic state was directly related to changes in the expression of these receptors. In spite of the insulin treatment having recovered the glycaemic levels, the expression of INS and the IGF-I receptors did not reach the standard level, which certainly hampered glandular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo José Caldeira
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Hetzl AC, Fávaro WJ, Billis A, Ferreira U, Cagnon VHA. Steroid hormone receptors, matrix metalloproteinases, insulin-like growth factor, and dystroglycans interactions in prostatic diseases in the elderly men. Microsc Res Tech 2012; 75:1197-205. [PMID: 22648746 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2011] [Accepted: 03/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the reactivity of steroid hormone receptors (SHRs), dystroglycans (DGs), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGFR-1), and laminin (Lam) in both prostatic stromal and epithelial compartments showing different diseases in elderly men. METHODS Sixty prostatic samples were obtained from 60- to 90-year-old patients (mean 63 years) with and without prostatic lesions from Hospital of the School of Medicine, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP). The Samples were divided into standard (no lesions); high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN); prostatic cancer (PC); and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) groups. The samples were submitted to immunohistochemistry and Western blotting analyses. Research Ethics Committee of the School of Medicine, University of Campinas/UNICAMP (number 0094.0.146.000-08). RESULTS The results showed increased IGFR-1 and MMPs protein levels in the PC and HGPIN groups. Decreased αDG and βDG protein levels were verified in the PC and HGPIN groups. Androgen receptor (AR) reactivity was similar among all groups. Estrogen receptor α (Erα) immunoreactivity was more intense in the epithelium in the PC and HGPIN groups. Estrogen receptor β (ERβ) immunoreactivity was weak in the epithelium of the HGPIN and PC groups. CONCLUSIONS To conclude, there was an association among IGFR-1, MMPs, and SHRs, indicating IGFR-1 as a target molecule in prostate therapy, considering the IGF proliferative properties. Also, the distinct SHRs reactivities in the lesions in both prostatic compartments indicated different paracrine signals and pointed out the importance of estrogenic pathways in the activation of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Hetzl
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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25
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Carvalho CAF, Pissolato M, Candido EM, Liberti EA, Cagnon VHA. Morphological alterations in the prostate stroma of rats submitted to chronic nicotine treatment. Microsc Res Tech 2011; 75:46-53. [PMID: 21618655 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.21023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2011] [Accepted: 03/26/2011] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The stroma plays a fundamental role in the function of different glandular systems. In the prostate, the stroma is responsible for the development and maintenance of the differentiated state of the epithelium. Nicotine induces tobacco dependence and promotes morphological alterations in the epithelial compartment. However, its effects on the prostate stroma are unclear. The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphology of the stromal microenvironment in the ventral prostate lobe of rats submitted to chronic nicotine administration. Twenty rats (Rattus norvegicus) were divided into two groups: 10 animals received subcutaneous nicotine and 10 animals received physiological saline by the same route. After treatment, samples were collected from the ventral prostate lobe, processed and submitted to histology, histochemistry, and ultrastructural analysis by transmission and scanning electron microscopy. The level of circulating testosterone was also analyzed. The results showed a significant increase in the density of type I collagen (56.3% to 85.9%, P < 0.01) and a decrease in the density of type III collagen (43.7% to 14.1%, P < 0.01). In addition, there was a qualitative increase in elastic fibers and in the number of smooth muscle cells with a secretory phenotype. Circulating testosterone levels were significantly reduced (898.3 to 363.1 ng/mL, P < 0.01). The results showed that nicotine modifies different components of the prostate stroma, suggesting that this drug is a risk factor for morphofunctional alterations in the prostate gland.
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Martinez M, De Oliveira SA, Pinheiro PFF, Almeida-Francia C, Pereira S, Martins OA, Mello-Júnior W, Mendes LO, Chuffa LGA, Tirapelli LF, Fávaro WJ, Cagnon VHA, Martinez FE. IGFR-I expression and structural analysis of the hard palatine mucosa in an ethanol-drinking rat strain (UChA and UChB). Tissue Cell 2011; 43:101-7. [PMID: 21324499 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2010.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2010] [Revised: 12/17/2010] [Accepted: 12/24/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The study analyzed the effects of chronic alcohol ingestion on the ultrastructure of the lining epithelium of the hard palatine mucosa of rats UChA and UChB (lines with voluntary alcohol consumption) in order to contribute to the understanding of the consequences of alcohol abuse for the morphology of the digestive system. Thirty female adult animals aged 120 days were divided into three experimental groups. (1) Ten UChA rats (genetically low ethanol consumer) with voluntary intake of 10% v/v (5.45 g/kg/day) ethanol solution and water. (2) Ten UChB (genetically high ethanol consumer) rats with voluntary intake of 10% v/v (7.16 g/kg/day) ethanol solution and water. (3) Ten Wistar rats with voluntary ad libitum water intake (control group). Both groups received Nuvital pellets ad libitum. The IGFR-I expression was intense in both experimental groups. The epithelial cells of the alcoholic rats UChA and UChB showed many alterations such as the presence of lipid droplets, altered nuclei, nuclei in corneum layer and disrupted mitochondria. It was concluded that ethanol intake induces ultrastructural lesions in the hard palatine mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Martinez
- Department of Morphology and Pathology, Federal University of São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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Abstract
Dystroglycan (DG) is an adhesion protein which plays a crucial role in the maintenance of tissue integrity. Diabetes has been pointed out as a disease which causes harmful effects on prostate function. Therefore, the main objective of this work was to verify DG distribution and structure features in diabetic mice with and without glycaemic control and to relate these parameters to prostate pathogenesis. Thirty mice (Nod and BALB/c) were divided into three groups after 20 days of diabetic state: the control group received a 5 ml/kg dose of physiological saline daily for 20 days; the diabetic group had the same treatment as the control group; the diabetic-insulin group received 4-5 IU doses of Neutral Protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin daily for 20 days. After 20 days of treatment, all animals were killed and samples from the ventral prostate were processed for immunological and light microscopy analyses. The results showed diminished beta- and alpha-DG receptors in the diabetic group. However, there was a recovery of both beta-and alpha-DG receptor immunolocalization after insulin administration. Epithelial and stromal morphological changes were verified in the diabetic group, which also presented recovery after insulin treatment. Thus, it could be concluded that diabetes disturbed prostate structure integrity and altered the occurrence of alpha and beta-DG receptors, indicating decreased cell-matrix extracellular and cell-basal membrane attachment. However, insulin treatment could partially restore glandular homeostasis. The decrease in epithelial-stromal interaction certainly predisposes this gland in diabetic mice to be a prostate disease target.
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28
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Reis LO, Pereira TC, Favaro WJ, Cagnon VHA, Lopes-Cendes I, Ferreira U. Experimental animal model and RNA interference: a promising association for bladder cancer research. World J Urol 2009; 27:353-61. [DOI: 10.1007/s00345-009-0374-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2008] [Accepted: 01/13/2009] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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Silva JAF, Lorencini M, Reis JRR, Carvalho HF, Cagnon VHA, Stach-Machado DR. The influence of type I diabetes mellitus in periodontal disease induced changes of the gingival epithelium and connective tissue. Tissue Cell 2008; 40:283-92. [PMID: 18439638 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2008.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2007] [Revised: 01/29/2008] [Accepted: 02/13/2008] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Periodontal disease constitutes the most frequent chronic diseases in human dentition. Bacterial plaque is the main etiologic agent, although it is the host immune response that causes periodontal tissue destruction. Diabetes is considered an important risk factor, not only for the onset but also for progression of the disease. The aim of this study was to analyze structural changes in the rat gingival epithelium and connective tissue in response to the experimental periodontal disease induced by the ligature technique, under the influence of diabetes. The results showed that experimental periodontal disease is characterized by marked inflammation, affecting both the epithelial and connective tissues, causing degeneration of the dermal papilla, increase in the number of inflammatory cells, destruction of reticulin fibers, and accumulation of dense collagen fibers (fibrosis). These changes were worsened by diabetes, apparently by hampering the inflammatory response and affecting tissue repair of the affected tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A F Silva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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30
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Martinez M, Reis GS, Pinheiro PFF, Almeida CCD, Cagnon VHA, Mello-Júnior W, Pereira S, Padovani CR, Martinez FE. Evaluation of the ethanol intake on the Calomys callosus seminal vesicle structure. Micron 2007; 39:587-92. [PMID: 17693093 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2007.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2007] [Revised: 05/31/2007] [Accepted: 06/04/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The effects of chronic alcohol ingestion on the structure of the glandular epithelium of the seminal vesicle of the rodent Calomys callosus were analyzed in 24 adult animals aged 3 months divided into three experimental groups. The control group received a solid diet and tap water, the alcoholic group received the same solid diet and ethanol P.A. diluted 20% in water (v/v) for 4 months. The abstinent group received the same liquid diet of the alcoholic one for the same period and after that the alcoholic diet was changed by water for a period of 3 months. After treatment, all animals were anesthetized, weighed and sacrificed. At the end of treatment, mean body weight did not differ between animal groups. The glandular epithelial cells of the alcoholic and abstinent groups showed atrophy and ultrastructural alterations such as the presence of altered nuclei, intense dilatation of the cisterns of the granular endoplasmic reticulum, intense digestive vacuoles and lipid droplets. Ethanol ingestion provokes marked lesions on the epithelium of the seminal vesicle probably interfering on the glandular secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Martinez
- Department of Morphology and Pathology, UFSCar, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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31
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Cândido EM, Carvalho CAF, Martinez FE, Cagnon VHA. Experimental alcoholism and pathogenesis of prostatic diseases in UChB rats. Cell Biol Int 2007; 31:459-72. [PMID: 17188526 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellbi.2006.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2006] [Revised: 09/24/2006] [Accepted: 11/05/2006] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that long-term alcohol treatment has negative effects on prostatic stromal-epithelial interaction. Thus, the aim of the present study was to analyze the histochemical, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural alterations that occur in the prostatic stroma and epithelium of rats submitted to chronic alcohol ingestion and alcohol abstinence, as well as to establish the relationship between these changes and prostatic diseases. Thirty male rats (10 Wistar and 20 UChB rats) were divided into three experimental groups: the control group received tap water, the alcoholic group received ethanol diluted to 10 degrees G.L. for 150 days, and the abstinent group received the same liquid diet as the alcoholic group up to 120 days of treatment and only tap water for 30 days thereafter. At the end of treatment, all animals were sacrificed and the ventral lobe of the prostate was removed and processed for histochemical, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural analyses. In addition, plasma testosterone levels were measured. The results showed prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, infolding of the epithelium towards the stroma, stromal hypertrophy and the presence of inflammatory cells in alcoholic animals. In the abstinent group, alterations were noted mainly in the stromal area. In conclusion, ethanol triggers alterations in prostatic epithelial and stromal compartments, affecting the stromal microenvironment and predisposing the organ to pathological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Marcelo Cândido
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6109, Campinas, 13083970 São Paulo, Brazil
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32
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Caldeira EJ, Carvalho CAF, Padovani CR, Camilli JA, Garcia PJ, Cagnon VHA. Morphological alterations in the epithelium of the oral mucosa of rats (Rattus norvegicus) submitted to long-term systemic nicotine treatment. Arch Oral Biol 2007; 52:83-9. [PMID: 17097602 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2006.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2006] [Revised: 07/12/2006] [Accepted: 07/18/2006] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Smoking is considered to be the most albeit preventable cause of diseases and premature deaths in the history of mankind. The local action of tobacco on the oral mucosa can cause precancerous and cancerous lesions. However, there is not enough evidence to establish all the systemic effects caused by nicotine on the organism. Thus, the aim of the present study was to characterize the cellular changes of the cheek mucosa of rats submitted to long-term systemic nicotine treatment. Twenty male rats were divided into two experimental groups: a nicotine group and a control group, each consisting of 10 animals. The nicotine group was injected daily with 0.250 mg of nicotine per 100 g of body weight. All animals received a solid diet and water ad libitum. After 90 days of treatment, all animals were weighed and sacrificed. Samples of cheek mucosa were collected for light and transmission electron microscopy. The results revealed oral epithelium containing atypical cells that were characterized by atrophy, cell membrane disorganization and tissue damage. It was concluded that systemic administration of nicotine damaged the cellular integrity of the oral mucosa, impairing tissue function and predisposing the tissue to the action of different pathogenic agents and also to that of other carcinogenic substances present in tobacco.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo José Caldeira
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Abstract
Clinical studies analyzing simultaneous nicotine-alcohol use by patients showed important alterations in various organic systems such as: respiratory, digestory, and genital. Also, the prostatic morphology and physiology have been analyzed, specially due to large occurrence of prostatic diseases. Then, this work aimed at determining the structure and ultrastructure of the prostatic stroma and epithelium, as well as the stroma epithelium interactions from rats submitted to simultaneous long-term alcohol-nicotine treatment. A total of 40 male rats were divided into four groups: control group (10 animals) received tap water; alcoholic group (10 animals) received diluted 10% Gay Lussac ethanol; nicotine group (10 animals) received a 0.125mg/100g of body weight dose of nicotine injected subcutaneosly on a daily basis; nicotine-alcohol group (10 animals) received simultaneous alcohol and nicotine treatment. After 90 days of treatment, the animals were sacrificed and samples from the ventral lobe of the prostate were collected and processed for transmission electron and light microscopies. The results showed atrophied epithelium; prostatic intra-epithelial neoplasia; dilated cisterns of the granular endoplasmic reticulum, large amounts of collagen fibers besides inflammatory cells, specially in the alcoholic and nicotine-alcohol groups. Therefore, it could be concluded that the association between alcohol and nicotine caused the impairment of the prostatic secretory process. Moreover, this association is related to prostatic pathogenesis, which could lead to late glandular malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Fávaro
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biology, The State University of Campinas, Box 6109, São Paulo, Brazil
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34
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Carvalho CAF, Favaro WJ, Padovani CR, Cagnon VHA. Morphometric and ultrastructure features of the ventral prostate of rats (Rattus norvegicus) submitted to long-term nicotine treatment. Andrologia 2006; 38:142-51. [PMID: 16872466 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0272.2006.00728.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The harmful effects of nicotine on male genital system fertility have been reported in experimental and clinical studies. However, its effects on prostatic cells and glandular pathogenesis remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to analyse the histological, histochemical and ultrastructural alterations, in addition to stereology, of the ventral lobe of the prostate of rats, submitted to chronic nicotine administration, as well as to establish the relationship between these changes and prostate diseases. Twelve male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) were divided into two experimental groups: group I (nicotine) and group II (control). Samples of the ventral prostate were collected, processed and submitted to histological analysis, acid phosphatase histochemistry and ultrastructural analysis by transmission and scanning electron microscopies. The results showed that in the nicotine group, the secretory epithelial cells of the ventral lobe of the prostate were atrophied, and prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia occurred and reduced the expression of acid phosphatase. The disorganisation of organelles involved in the glandular secretory process, accompanied by biomembrane destructuring, was also observed. In conclusion, nicotine causes drastic alterations in the secretory epithelium of the ventral prostate, compromising its function. Furthermore, nicotine also induces premalignant lesions in the prostate gland, thus representing a risk factor in the development of prostate diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A F Carvalho
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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35
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Martinez M, Milton FA, de Oliveira SA, Reis GS, Pereira S, Segatelli TM, Pinheiro PFF, Almeida CCD, Cagnon VHA, Mello W, Padovani CR, Martinez FE. Morphological alterations on the prostate of Calomys callosus submitted to chronic ethanol ingestion. J Submicrosc Cytol Pathol 2006; 38:117-23. [PMID: 17784639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to assess the possible toxic effects of chronic alcohol ingestion on the ultrastructure of the glandular epithelium of the prostate of the rodent Calomys callosus, in order to contribute to the understanding of the consequences of alcohol abuse for the morphology of the male reproductive apparatus. Sixteen adult animals aged three months were divided into two experimental groups. The control group received a solid diet and tap water, and the alcoholic group received the same solid diet and ethanol P.A. diluted 20% in water (v/v). After 120 days of treatment, all animals were anesthetized, weighed and sacrificed. At the end of treatment, mean body weight did not differ between control and alcoholic animals. The prostate epithelial cells of the alcoholic group showed intense atrophy and ultrastructural alterations such as the presence of lipid droplets, altered nuclei, ruptured mitochondrial cristae, and intense dilatation of the cisterns of the granular endoplasmic reticulum. It was concluded that 20% ethanol provokes marked lesions on the epithelium of the prostate probably interfering on the glandular secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Martinez
- Department of Morphology and Pathology, UFSCar, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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36
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Caldeira EJ, Camilli JA, Cagnon VHA. Stereology and ultrastructure of the salivary glands of diabetic Nod mice submitted to long-term insulin treatment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 286:930-7. [PMID: 16142810 DOI: 10.1002/ar.a.20236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus compromises the salivary glands, altering their morphology and the mechanisms of salivation, which are fundamental for oral health. Thus, the aim of the present study was to determine the effects of prolonged insulin treatment on the morphology of the salivary glands in Nod mice. Forty-five female mice were divided into five groups: nine positive diabetic Nod mice for 10 days (group 1), nine positive diabetic Nod mice for 20 days (group 2), nine diabetic Nod mice for 10 days (group 3), nine diabetic Nod mice for 20 days (group 4), and nine nondiabetic BALB/c mice (group 5). Animals of groups 3 and 4 received 4-5 U of insulin daily, whereas animals of groups 1, 2, and 5 received the same dose of physiological saline simulating the experimental conditions. Samples of the salivary glands were analyzed by light, transmission, and scanning electron microscopies. The results showed intense alterations in diabetic animals characterized by nuclear and cytoplasmic atrophy, biomembrane disorganization, an increase in fibrillar components of the extracellular matrix, and the presence of inflammatory cells. Insulin treatment exerted positive effects on the recovery of the changes resulting from the diabetic state in both parotid and submandibular glands but the pattern continued to be altered. It can be concluded that, in addition to compromising the processes of tissue maintenance and renewal, tissue destructuring leads to alterations in functional mechanisms in both diabetic animals and animals submitted to glycemic control.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Blood Glucose
- Body Weight/drug effects
- Cell Nucleus/drug effects
- Cell Nucleus/ultrastructure
- Cytoplasm/drug effects
- Cytoplasm/ultrastructure
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/drug therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/pathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Drinking/drug effects
- Eating/drug effects
- Female
- Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use
- Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
- Insulin/therapeutic use
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
- Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
- Parotid Gland/drug effects
- Parotid Gland/pathology
- Stromal Cells/drug effects
- Stromal Cells/ultrastructure
- Submandibular Gland/drug effects
- Submandibular Gland/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo José Caldeira
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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37
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Sáttolo S, Carvalho CAF, Cagnon VHA. Influence of hormonal replacement on the ventral lobe of the prostate of rats (Rattus norvegicus albinus) submitted to chronic ethanol treatment. Tissue Cell 2004; 36:417-30. [PMID: 15533457 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2004.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2004] [Revised: 06/28/2004] [Accepted: 07/22/2004] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The harmful influence of the chronic alcohol ingestion on the male reproductive system leads to important alterations including hypogonadism and feminization, besides the morphological and functional disorganization of the different sexual glands. So, the aim of this study was to analyse the structural changes on the ventral lobe of the prostate of rats with hormonal replacement associated to chronic alcohol ingestion. A total of 30 rats (Rattus norvegicus albinus) was divided into three groups: control-received water; alcoholic-received ethanol diluted to 20% and hormone-treated alcoholic-received ethanol diluted to 20% associated with the administering of testosterone (5mg/kg of weight) during the last 30 days of treatment. After 150 days of treatment, the animals were sacrificed, the prostate removed and submitted to transmission and scanning electron microscopies, histochemical analysis for acid phosphatase, testosterone level and stereologic analysis. In the alcoholic group the results demonstrated reduction of the total cellular volume and disorganization of the organelles involved in the secretory process. It was characterized a partial recovery of the cellular volume after treatment with testosterone. It was concluded that the ethanol impaired the cellular morphology and the hormonal replacement by itself did not bring about efficient remodeling of the organelles responsible for the secretory process.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sáttolo
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas -- UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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38
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Carvalho CAF, Camargo AM, Cagnon VHA, Padovani CR. Effects of experimental diabetes on the structure and ultrastructure of the coagulating gland of C57BL/6J and NOD mice. Anat Rec A Discov Mol Cell Evol Biol 2003; 270:129-36. [PMID: 12524688 DOI: 10.1002/ar.a.10014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus can lead to reproductive disorders that in turn result in weakened fertility brought about by morphofunctional changes in the testes and accessory sex glands. However, doubts persist concerning the basic biology of the secretory epithelial cells and the stroma of the coagulating gland of diabetic mice. Thus, the objective of the present study was to analyze the histological and ultrastructural changes associated with stereology of the coagulating gland of mice with alloxan-induced diabetes, and of spontaneously diabetic mice. Sixteen mice of the C57BL/6J strain, and eight non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice were used. The animals were divided into three groups: 1) control (C), 2) alloxan diabetic (AD), and 3) NOD. Thirty days after the detection of diabetic status in group 2, all of the animals were killed and then perfused with Karnovsky's solution through the left cardiac ventricle. The coagulating gland was then removed and processed for morphometric study by light microscopy and electron microscopy. The results showed thickening of the stroma, atrophy of secretory epithelial cells, and disorganization of the organelles involved in the secretory process in both NOD and alloxan-induced mice. Thus, it may be concluded that the coagulating gland suffered drastic morphological changes, and consequently impaired glandular function, in the presence of diabetes mellitus type I in both NOD and AD mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A F Carvalho
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas-SP, Brazil
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39
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Gomes IC, Cagnon VHA, Carvalho CAF, De Luca IMS. Stereology and ultrastructure of the seminal vesicle of C57/BL/6J mice following chronic alcohol ingestion. Tissue Cell 2002; 34:177-86. [PMID: 12182811 DOI: 10.1016/s0040-8166(02)00029-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Excessive alcohol consumption causes metabolic changes and pathologic alterations in testes and accessory sex organ in different animal species. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the macroscopic, histologic and ultrastructural alterations provoked by chronic ingestion of different ethanol concentrations over increasing periods of time on the secretory epithelium of the seminal vesicle of C57/BL/6J mice in using stereological methods. Sixty male adult mice were divided into three experimental groups: Control, Alcoholic 25% and Alcoholic 35%, respectively, receiving tap water and tap water containing ethanol diluted to 25 and 35 degrees Gay Lussac. All mice were fed with the same solid diet. After 150 and 250 days of treatment the animals were sacrificed and the seminal vesicles were collected and processed for light and transmission electron microscopy. The cellular, cytoplasmic and nuclear volumes and the area density of autophagic and secretory vacuoles were measured. The histologic alterations observed in the alcoholic mice consisted of a reduction in epithelial size and cell volume, with maintenance of the same nuclear and cytoplasmic ratio as verified in the control groups. The ultrastructural alterations were: increased density of dense body area, decreased density of secretory granule area, and dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi cisternae. We conclude that chronic ethanol ingestion causes depleting morphologic alterations in the epithelial cells of the seminal vesicle and negatively affects the secretory process of this gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- I C Gomes
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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