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Peelay Z, Saha S, Patil V, Menon N, Singh A, Shah M, Sahu A, Ubharay A, Chowdhury OR, Prabhash K, Noronha V. Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Locally Advanced Sinonasal Teratocarcinosarcoma a Rare Malignancy: An Audit From an Academic Tertiary Care Centre in India. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2024:S0936-6555(24)00114-6. [PMID: 38565457 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2024.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Sinonasal teratocarcinosarcomas (SNTCS) are rare sinonasal malignancies, the incidence of which is less than 1% of all tumors. There is limited data available on SNTCS's, often as case reports and small case series. The management of SNTCS is complicated because of its location, locally aggressive biology, difficulty in achieving complete resection, and limited data on chemotherapy in these malignancies. This audit was performed to understand the role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in SNTCS's, its ability to downstage the disease, achieve complete resection, and impact on long-term survival outcomes. METHODS This was a retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee (IEC). The baseline characteristics, the extent of tumor, Kadish stage, NACT regimen, and adverse events were extracted from the Electronic Medical Records and the patient's case file. Patients with baseline extensive/inoperable disease were referred for NACT from the multidisciplinary joint clinic followed by response assessment (RECIST v1.1). Patients underwent skull-base surgery if respectable post-completion of NACT, however, if deemed unresectable were treated with non-surgical modalities or palliative therapies. RESULTS The data of 27 patients were evaluated from the year 2015-2022. The median age was 42 years (IQR:30-56) and 85.2% (n = 23) were males. The ECOG-PS was 0-1 in 88.8% (n = 24) patients. All 27 patients received NACT in view of extensive disease at presentation. 74.1% (n = 20) patients received Cisplatin-Etoposide and 25.9% (n = 7) received other chemotherapy regimens. The median number of chemotherapy cycles was 2(IQR:2-3). 96.3% patients (n = 26) completed the planned NACT cycles. 70.4% (n = 19) patients achieved a partial response in post-NACT imaging. 77.8% (n = 18) underwent surgery, 18.5% (n = 5) received CTRT, and 7.4% (n = 2) received definitive-RT alone. The median PFS and OS of the cohort was 19months (95%CI:12.0-25.6) and 23months (95%CI:5.94-40.06) respectively. CONCLUSION NACT is safe, feasible, and effective with significant response rates, leading to effective downstaging, resectability and improved survival in patients with locally advanced SNTCS's.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Peelay
- Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India.
| | - S Saha
- Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India.
| | - V Patil
- Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India.
| | - N Menon
- Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India.
| | - A Singh
- Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India.
| | - M Shah
- Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India.
| | - A Sahu
- Radiodiagnosis, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India.
| | - A Ubharay
- Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India.
| | - O R Chowdhury
- Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India.
| | - K Prabhash
- Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India.
| | - V Noronha
- Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India.
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Hailstock T, Dai C, Aquino J, Walker KE, Chick S, Manirarora JN, Suresh R, Patil V, Renukaradhya GJ, Sullivan YB, LaBresh J, Lunney JK. Production and characterization of anti-porcine CXCL10 monoclonal antibodies. Cytokine 2024; 174:156449. [PMID: 38141459 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Research on C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) has been widely reported for humans and select animal species, yet immune reagents are limited for pig chemokines. Our goal is to provide veterinary immunologists and the biomedical community with new commercial immune reagents and standardized assays. Recombinant porcine CXCL10 (rPoCXCL10) protein was produced by yeast expression and used to generate a panel of α CXCL10 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). All mAbs were assessed for cross-inhibition and reactivity to orthologous yeast expressed CXCL10 proteins. Characterization of a panel of nine α PoCXCL10 mAbs identified six distinct antigenic determinants. A sensitive quantitative sandwich ELISA was developed with anti-PoCXCL10-1.6 and -1.9 mAb; reactivity was verified with both rPoCXCL10 and native PoCXCL10, detected in supernatants of peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with rPoIFNγ or PMA/Ionomycin. Immunostaining of in vitro rPoIFNγ stimulated pig spleen and blood cells verified CXCL10 + cells as CD3-CD4-CD172+, with occasional CD3-CD4 + CD172 + subsets. Comparison studies determined that α PoCXCL10-1.4 mAb was the ideal mAb clone for intracellular staining, whereas with α PoCXCL10-1.1 and -1.2 mAbs were best for immunohistochemistry analyses. These techniques and tools will be useful for evaluating swine immune development, responses to infectious diseases and vaccines, as well as for improving utility of pigs as an important biomedical model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Hailstock
- Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, BARC, ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Chaohui Dai
- Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, BARC, ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD, USA; Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jovan Aquino
- Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, BARC, ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Kristen E Walker
- Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, BARC, ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Shannon Chick
- Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, BARC, ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Jean N Manirarora
- Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, BARC, ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Raksha Suresh
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, USA
| | - Veerupaxagouda Patil
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, USA
| | - Gourapura J Renukaradhya
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, USA
| | | | | | - Joan K Lunney
- Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, BARC, ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD, USA.
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Shah M, Noronha V, Patil V, Menon N, Singh AK, Shah A, Kumar P, Roychoudhary O, Peelay Z, Janu A, Purandare N, Chakrabarty N, Patil V, Kaushal R, Shetty O, Pai T, Chandrani P, Chougule A, Prabhash K. The Role of Systemic Therapy in Patients with Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer and a Poor Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2024; 36:128-129. [PMID: 38097463 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2023.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- M Shah
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - V Noronha
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - V Patil
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - N Menon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - A K Singh
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - A Shah
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - P Kumar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - O Roychoudhary
- Biostatistics, Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Z Peelay
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - A Janu
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - N Purandare
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - N Chakrabarty
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - V Patil
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - R Kaushal
- Department of Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - O Shetty
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - T Pai
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - P Chandrani
- Department of Medical Oncology Molecular Laboratory, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - A Chougule
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - K Prabhash
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Patil V, Hernandez-Franco JF, Yadagiri G, Bugybayeva D, Dolatyabi S, Feliciano-Ruiz N, Schrock J, Suresh R, Hanson J, Yassine H, HogenEsch H, Renukaradhya GJ. Characterization of the Efficacy of a Split Swine Influenza A Virus Nasal Vaccine Formulated with a Nanoparticle/STING Agonist Combination Adjuvant in Conventional Pigs. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1707. [PMID: 38006039 PMCID: PMC10675483 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11111707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Swine influenza A viruses (SwIAVs) are pathogens of both veterinary and medical significance. Intranasal (IN) vaccination has the potential to reduce flu infection. We investigated the efficacy of split SwIAV H1N2 antigens adsorbed with a plant origin nanoparticle adjuvant [Nano11-SwIAV] or in combination with a STING agonist ADU-S100 [NanoS100-SwIAV]. Conventional pigs were vaccinated via IN and challenged with a heterologous SwIAV H1N1-OH7 or 2009 H1N1 pandemic virus. Immunologically, in NanoS100-SwIAV vaccinates, we observed enhanced frequencies of activated monocytes in the blood of the pandemic virus challenged animals and in tracheobronchial lymph nodes (TBLN) of H1N1-OH7 challenged animals. In both groups of the virus challenged pigs, increased frequencies of IL-17A+ and CD49d+IL-17A+ cytotoxic lymphocytes were observed in Nano11-SwIAV vaccinates in the draining TBLN. Enhanced frequency of CD49d+IFNγ+ CTLs in the TBLN and blood of both the Nano11-based SwIAV vaccinates was observed. Animals vaccinated with both Nano11-based vaccines had upregulated cross-reactive secretory IgA in the lungs and serum IgG against heterologous and heterosubtypic viruses. However, in NanoS100-SwIAV vaccinates, a slight early reduction in the H1N1 pandemic virus and a late reduction in the SwIAV H1N1-OH7 load in the nasal passages were detected. Hence, despite vast genetic differences between the vaccine and both the challenge viruses, IN vaccination with NanoS100-SwIAV induced antigen-specific moderate levels of cross-protective immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veerupaxagouda Patil
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (V.P.); (G.Y.); (D.B.); (S.D.); (N.F.-R.); (J.S.); (R.S.); (J.H.)
| | - Juan F. Hernandez-Franco
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;
| | - Ganesh Yadagiri
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (V.P.); (G.Y.); (D.B.); (S.D.); (N.F.-R.); (J.S.); (R.S.); (J.H.)
| | - Dina Bugybayeva
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (V.P.); (G.Y.); (D.B.); (S.D.); (N.F.-R.); (J.S.); (R.S.); (J.H.)
| | - Sara Dolatyabi
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (V.P.); (G.Y.); (D.B.); (S.D.); (N.F.-R.); (J.S.); (R.S.); (J.H.)
| | - Ninoshkaly Feliciano-Ruiz
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (V.P.); (G.Y.); (D.B.); (S.D.); (N.F.-R.); (J.S.); (R.S.); (J.H.)
| | - Jennifer Schrock
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (V.P.); (G.Y.); (D.B.); (S.D.); (N.F.-R.); (J.S.); (R.S.); (J.H.)
| | - Raksha Suresh
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (V.P.); (G.Y.); (D.B.); (S.D.); (N.F.-R.); (J.S.); (R.S.); (J.H.)
| | - Juliette Hanson
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (V.P.); (G.Y.); (D.B.); (S.D.); (N.F.-R.); (J.S.); (R.S.); (J.H.)
| | - Hadi Yassine
- Biomedical Research Center, Research Institute in Doha, Qatar University, QU-NRC, Building H10, Zone 5, Room D101, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar;
| | - Harm HogenEsch
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;
| | - Gourapura J. Renukaradhya
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (V.P.); (G.Y.); (D.B.); (S.D.); (N.F.-R.); (J.S.); (R.S.); (J.H.)
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Hernandez-Franco JF, Yadagiri G, Patil V, Bugybayeva D, Dolatyabi S, Dumkliang E, Singh M, Suresh R, Akter F, Schrock J, Renukaradhya GJ, HogenEsch H. Intradermal Vaccination against Influenza with a STING-Targeted Nanoparticle Combination Adjuvant Induces Superior Cross-Protective Humoral Immunity in Swine Compared with Intranasal and Intramuscular Immunization. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1699. [PMID: 38006031 PMCID: PMC10675188 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11111699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of cross-protective vaccines against the zoonotic swine influenza A virus (swIAV), a potential pandemic-causing agent, continues to be an urgent global health concern. Commercially available vaccines provide suboptimal cross-protection against circulating subtypes of swIAV, which can lead to worldwide economic losses and poor zoonosis deterrence. The limited efficacy of current swIAV vaccines demands innovative strategies for the development of next-generation vaccines. Considering that intramuscular injection is the standard route of vaccine administration in both human and veterinary medicine, the exploration of alternative strategies, such as intradermal vaccination, presents a promising avenue for vaccinology. This investigation demonstrates the first evaluation of a direct comparison between a commercially available multivalent swIAV vaccine and monovalent whole inactivated H1N2 swine influenza vaccine, delivered by intradermal, intranasal, and intramuscular routes. The monovalent vaccines were adjuvanted with NanoST, a cationic phytoglycogen-based nanoparticle that is combined with the STING agonist ADU-S100. Upon heterologous challenge, intradermal vaccination generated a stronger cross-reactive nasal and serum antibody response in pigs compared with intranasal and intramuscular vaccination. Antibodies induced by intradermal immunization also had higher avidity compared with the other routes of vaccination. Bone marrow from intradermally and intramuscularly immunized pigs had both IgG and IgA virus-specific antibody-secreting cells. These studies reveal that NanoST is a promising adjuvant system for the intradermal administration of STING-targeted influenza vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan F. Hernandez-Franco
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;
| | - Ganesh Yadagiri
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (G.Y.); (V.P.); (D.B.); (S.D.); (M.S.); (R.S.); (F.A.); (J.S.)
| | - Veerupaxagouda Patil
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (G.Y.); (V.P.); (D.B.); (S.D.); (M.S.); (R.S.); (F.A.); (J.S.)
| | - Dina Bugybayeva
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (G.Y.); (V.P.); (D.B.); (S.D.); (M.S.); (R.S.); (F.A.); (J.S.)
| | - Sara Dolatyabi
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (G.Y.); (V.P.); (D.B.); (S.D.); (M.S.); (R.S.); (F.A.); (J.S.)
| | - Ekachai Dumkliang
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center (DDSEC), Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand;
| | - Mithilesh Singh
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (G.Y.); (V.P.); (D.B.); (S.D.); (M.S.); (R.S.); (F.A.); (J.S.)
| | - Raksha Suresh
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (G.Y.); (V.P.); (D.B.); (S.D.); (M.S.); (R.S.); (F.A.); (J.S.)
| | - Fatema Akter
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (G.Y.); (V.P.); (D.B.); (S.D.); (M.S.); (R.S.); (F.A.); (J.S.)
| | - Jennifer Schrock
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (G.Y.); (V.P.); (D.B.); (S.D.); (M.S.); (R.S.); (F.A.); (J.S.)
| | - Gourapura J. Renukaradhya
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (G.Y.); (V.P.); (D.B.); (S.D.); (M.S.); (R.S.); (F.A.); (J.S.)
| | - Harm HogenEsch
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;
- Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Disease, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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Khanna NR, Rathod Y, Manjali J, Ramadwar M, Panjwani P, Qureshi S, Parambil B, Prasad M, Chinnaswamy G, Baheti A, Patil V, Gala K, Shetye N, Laskar S. Outcomes of Children Diagnosed with Unilateral Retinoblastoma: Retrospective Audit. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e522. [PMID: 37785628 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) To evaluate treatment outcomes of children diagnosed with unilateral retinoblastoma. MATERIALS/METHODS Retrospective study of children diagnosed with unilateral retinoblastoma registered at the Tata Memorial Hospital (TMH), Mumbai from January 2013 to December 2018 and completed the planned curative treatment protocol. RESULTS For the 98 cases that were analyzed, the median age of presentation was 24 months. The majority of patients had the intraocular disease (n = 72), whereas orbital retinoblastoma was in 26 patients. At the time of presentation, on imaging extra scleral spread was observed in 16 patients whereas 18 patients had optic nerve involvement, 11 patients had both extra scleral invasion and optic nerve involvement. We used the International Classification of Retinoblastoma for grouping. Out of 98 patients, 71 patients were in Group E, 21 were in Group D and 4 were in Group B and 2 were in Group C. For Staging of Retinoblastoma, we used International Retinoblastoma Staging System (IRSS) in our study and 14 patients had Stage 0 disease, 52 patients had Stage I disease, 10 patients had Stage II, 21 patients had Stage III A and 1 patient had Stage III B disease. High-risk features on surgical specimen histopathology were optic nerve cut margin positive in 6 patients, optic nerve involvement in 21 patients, extra scleral spread in 3 patients, Choroidal invasion in 38 and Iris involvement in 10 patients. Primary enucleation was offered in 52 patients whereas 26 patients underwent secondary enucleation. Systemic chemotherapy was received by the patient in the neoadjuvant setting in 17 patients as a form of chemo-reduction and 51 patients received systemic chemotherapy in the adjuvant setting. Intra-arterial chemotherapy was offered to 27 patients as a primary treatment or in conjugation with focal therapy (n = 11). Definitive radiotherapy was offered to only 2 patients and 22 patients received adjuvant radiotherapy. At a median follow-up of 62 months, 2patients had local relapse, which was salvaged by focal therapy in one and enucleation in the other. Ten patients who had leptomeningeal relapse had died. The 5-year local control (LC) is 97.6%, event-free survival (EFS) is 88% and overall survival (OS) is 89.5%. Globe was salvaged in only 16 cases. On univariate analysis, we observed a significant association between overall survival and extraocular and intraocular disease (p-value 0.0), Extra scleral spread (p-value 0.0), optic Nerve involvement (imaging), and an optic nerve cut margin positive (p-value 0.045), ICRB Groups (p-value 0.0) and IRSS stage (p- value 0.024). CONCLUSION Retinoblastoma is curable if detected early. Extra ocular disease and high-risk features are associated with inferior outcomes and poor globe salvage rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- N R Khanna
- Homi Bhabha National University HBNI, Mumbai, India; Tata Memorial Center, Mumbai, India
| | - Y Rathod
- Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - J Manjali
- Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | | | | | - S Qureshi
- Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | | | - M Prasad
- Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
| | | | - A Baheti
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - V Patil
- Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - K Gala
- Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - N Shetye
- Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - S Laskar
- Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
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Anjaria P, Asediya V, Bhavsar P, Pathak A, Desai D, Patil V. Artificial Intelligence in Public Health: Revolutionizing Epidemiological Surveillance for Pandemic Preparedness and Equitable Vaccine Access. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1154. [PMID: 37514970 PMCID: PMC10383160 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11071154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological surveillance involves systematic gathering, analysis, interpretation, and sharing of health data, with the goal of preventing and controlling diseases [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranav Anjaria
- College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Kamdhenu University, Anand 388001, Gujarat, India
| | - Varun Asediya
- College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Kamdhenu University, Anand 388001, Gujarat, India
| | - Prakrutik Bhavsar
- College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Kamdhenu University, Anand 388001, Gujarat, India
| | - Abhishek Pathak
- Apollo College of Veterinary Medicine, Jaipur 302031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Dhruv Desai
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Veerupaxagouda Patil
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, A. James Clark School of Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
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do Nascimento GM, Bugybayeva D, Patil V, Schrock J, Yadagiri G, Renukaradhya GJ, Diel DG. An Orf-Virus (ORFV)-Based Vector Expressing a Consensus H1 Hemagglutinin Provides Protection against Diverse Swine Influenza Viruses. Viruses 2023; 15:994. [PMID: 37112974 PMCID: PMC10147081 DOI: 10.3390/v15040994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza A viruses (IAV-S) belonging to the H1 subtype are endemic in swine worldwide. Antigenic drift and antigenic shift lead to a substantial antigenic diversity in circulating IAV-S strains. As a result, the most commonly used vaccines based on whole inactivated viruses (WIVs) provide low protection against divergent H1 strains due to the mismatch between the vaccine virus strain and the circulating one. Here, a consensus coding sequence of the full-length of HA from H1 subtype was generated in silico after alignment of the sequences from IAV-S isolates obtained from public databases and was delivered to pigs using the Orf virus (ORFV) vector platform. The immunogenicity and protective efficacy of the resulting ORFVΔ121conH1 recombinant virus were evaluated against divergent IAV-S strains in piglets. Virus shedding after intranasal/intratracheal challenge with two IAV-S strains was assessed by real-time RT-PCR and virus titration. Viral genome copies and infectious virus load were reduced in nasal secretions of immunized animals. Flow cytometry analysis showed that the frequency of T helper/memory cells, as well as cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), were significantly higher in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of the vaccinated groups compared to unvaccinated animals when they were challenged with a pandemic strain of IAV H1N1 (CA/09). Interestingly, the percentage of T cells was higher in the bronchoalveolar lavage of vaccinated animals in relation to unvaccinated animals in the groups challenged with a H1N1 from the gamma clade (OH/07). In summary, delivery of the consensus HA from the H1 IAV-S subtype by the parapoxvirus ORFV vector decreased shedding of infectious virus and viral load of IAV-S in nasal secretions and induced cellular protective immunity against divergent influenza viruses in swine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Mansano do Nascimento
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Animal Health Diagnostic Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Dina Bugybayeva
- Department of Animal Sciences, Center for Food Animal Health, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
| | - Veerupaxagouda Patil
- Department of Animal Sciences, Center for Food Animal Health, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
| | - Jennifer Schrock
- Department of Animal Sciences, Center for Food Animal Health, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
| | - Ganesh Yadagiri
- Department of Animal Sciences, Center for Food Animal Health, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
| | - Gourapura J. Renukaradhya
- Department of Animal Sciences, Center for Food Animal Health, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
| | - Diego G. Diel
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Animal Health Diagnostic Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
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9
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Sood S, Sinha S, Balaji A, Mundhe SR, Mummudi N, Budrukkar A, Swain M, Prabash K, Noronha V, Joshi A, Patil V, Laskar SG. Non-surgical organ preservation in laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers: an audit from the clinic. J Laryngol Otol 2023; 137:448-454. [PMID: 35678378 DOI: 10.1017/s002221512200113x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is increasing concern regarding efficacy of organ preservation protocol in laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers. METHOD This study retrospectively assessed disease-related and functional outcomes of 191 patients with non-metastatic laryngeal or hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma treated with curative intent (radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy). RESULTS Seventy-six patients (39.8 per cent) had a primary cancer in the larynx, and 115 patients (60.2 per cent) had a primary cancer in the hypopharynx. The median follow up was 39 months. The 3-year time to progression, overall survival, local control and laryngectomy free survival was 56.2 per cent, 76.3 per cent, 73.2 per cent and 67.2 per cent, respectively. At the time of analysis, 83 patients (43.5 per cent) were alive and disease free at their last follow up and did not require tube feeding or tracheostomy. The laryngo-oesophageal dysfunction-free survival was 61 per cent at 3 years. CONCLUSION Organ conservation protocols remain the standard of treatment in appropriately selected patients with laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sood
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - S Sinha
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - A Balaji
- Department of Speech and Therapy, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - S R Mundhe
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Krupamayi Cancer Hospital, Aurangabad, India
| | - N Mummudi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - A Budrukkar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - M Swain
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - K Prabash
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - V Noronha
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - A Joshi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - V Patil
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - S G Laskar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
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10
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Chakrabarty N, Mahajan A, Patil V, Noronha V, Prabhash K. Imaging of brain metastasis in non-small-cell lung cancer: indications, protocols, diagnosis, post-therapy imaging, and implications regarding management. Clin Radiol 2023; 78:175-186. [PMID: 36503631 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2022.09.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Increased survival (due to the use of targeted therapies based on genomic profiling) has resulted in the increased incidence of brain metastasis during the course of disease, and thus, made it essential to have proper imaging guidelines in place for brain metastasis from non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Brain parenchymal metastases can have varied imaging appearances, and it is pertinent to be aware of the various molecular risk factors for brain metastasis from NSCLC along with their suggestive imaging appearances, so as to identify them early. Leptomeningeal metastasis requires additional imaging of the spine and an early cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis. Differentiation of post-therapy change from recurrence on imaging has a bearing on the management, hence the need for its awareness. This article will provide in-depth literature review of the epidemiology, aetiopathogenesis, screening, detection, diagnosis, post-therapy imaging, and implications regarding the management of brain metastasis from NSCLC. In addition, we will also briefly highlight the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in brain metastasis screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Chakrabarty
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Tata Memorial Hospital, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, 400 012, Maharashtra, India
| | - A Mahajan
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Tata Memorial Hospital, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, 400 012, Maharashtra, India.
| | - V Patil
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, 400 012, Maharashtra, India
| | - V Noronha
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, 400 012, Maharashtra, India
| | - K Prabhash
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, 400 012, Maharashtra, India
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11
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Patil V, Hernandez-Franco JF, Yadagiri G, Bugybayeva D, Dolatyabi S, Feliciano-Ruiz N, Schrock J, Hanson J, Ngunjiri J, HogenEsch H, Renukaradhya GJ. Correction: A split influenza vaccine formulated with a combination adjuvant composed of alpha-D-glucan nanoparticles and a STING agonist elicits cross-protective immunity in pigs. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:539. [PMID: 36550477 PMCID: PMC9783397 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01741-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- V. Patil
- grid.261331.40000 0001 2285 7943Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691 USA
| | - J. F. Hernandez-Franco
- grid.169077.e0000 0004 1937 2197Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA
| | - G. Yadagiri
- grid.261331.40000 0001 2285 7943Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691 USA
| | - D. Bugybayeva
- grid.261331.40000 0001 2285 7943Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691 USA ,International Center for Vaccinology, Kazakh National Agrarian Research University (KazNARU), Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - S. Dolatyabi
- grid.261331.40000 0001 2285 7943Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691 USA
| | - N. Feliciano-Ruiz
- grid.261331.40000 0001 2285 7943Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691 USA
| | - J. Schrock
- grid.261331.40000 0001 2285 7943Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691 USA
| | - J. Hanson
- grid.261331.40000 0001 2285 7943Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691 USA
| | - J. Ngunjiri
- grid.261331.40000 0001 2285 7943Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691 USA
| | - H. HogenEsch
- grid.169077.e0000 0004 1937 2197Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA
| | - G. J. Renukaradhya
- grid.261331.40000 0001 2285 7943Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691 USA
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12
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Patil V, Hernandez-Franco JF, Yadagiri G, Bugybayeva D, Dolatyabi S, Feliciano-Ruiz N, Schrock J, Hanson J, Ngunjiri J, HogenEsch H, Renukaradhya GJ. A split influenza vaccine formulated with a combination adjuvant composed of alpha-D-glucan nanoparticles and a STING agonist elicits cross-protective immunity in pigs. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:477. [PMID: 36369044 PMCID: PMC9652892 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01677-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Swine influenza A viruses (SwIAVs) pose an economic and pandemic threat, and development of novel effective vaccines is of critical significance. We evaluated the performance of split swine influenza A virus (SwIAV) H1N2 antigens with a plant-derived nanoparticle adjuvant alone (Nano-11) [Nano11-SwIAV] or in combination with the synthetic stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonist ADU-S100 (NanoS100-SwIAV). Specific pathogen free (SPF) pigs were vaccinated twice via intramuscular (IM) or intradermal (ID) routes and challenged with a virulent heterologous SwIAV H1N1-OH7 virus. RESULTS Animals vaccinated IM or ID with NanoS100-SwIAV had significantly increased cross-reactive IgG and IgA titers in serum, nasal secretion and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid at day post challenge 6 (DPC6). Furthermore, NanoS100-SwIAV ID vaccinates, even at half the vaccine dose compared to their IM vaccinated counterparts, had significantly increased frequencies of CXCL10+ myeloid cells in the tracheobronchial lymph nodes (TBLN), and IFNγ+ effector memory T-helper/memory cells, IL-17A+ total T-helper/memory cells, central and effector memory T-helper/memory cells, IL-17A+ total cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs), and early effector CTLs in blood compared with the Nano11-SwIAV group demonstrating a potential dose-sparing effect and induction of a strong IL-17A+ T-helper/memory (Th17) response in the periphery. However, the frequencies of IFNγ+ late effector CTLs and effector memory T-helper/memory cells, IL-17A+ total CTLs, late effector CTLs, and CXCL10+ myeloid cells in blood, as well as lung CXCL10+ plasmacytoid dendritic cells were increased in NanoS100-SwIAV IM vaccinated pigs. Increased expression of IL-4 and IL-6 mRNA was observed in TBLN of Nano-11 based IM vaccinates following challenge. Furthermore, the challenge virus load in the lungs and nasal passage was undetectable in NanoS100-SwIAV IM vaccinates by DPC6 along with reduced macroscopic lung lesions and significantly higher virus neutralization titers in lungs at DPC6. However, NanoS100-SwIAV ID vaccinates exhibited significant reduction of challenge virus titers in nasal passages and a remarkable reduction of challenge virus in lungs. CONCLUSIONS Despite vast genetic difference (77% HA gene identity) between the H1N2 and H1N1 SwIAV, the NanoS100 adjuvanted vaccine elicited cross protective cell mediated immune responses, suggesting the potential role of this combination adjuvant in inducing cross-protective immunity in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Patil
- grid.261331.40000 0001 2285 7943Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691 USA
| | - J. F. Hernandez-Franco
- grid.169077.e0000 0004 1937 2197Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA
| | - G. Yadagiri
- grid.261331.40000 0001 2285 7943Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691 USA
| | - D. Bugybayeva
- grid.261331.40000 0001 2285 7943Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691 USA ,International Center for Vaccinology, Kazakh National Agrarian Research University (KazNARU), Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - S. Dolatyabi
- grid.261331.40000 0001 2285 7943Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691 USA
| | - N. Feliciano-Ruiz
- grid.261331.40000 0001 2285 7943Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691 USA
| | - J. Schrock
- grid.261331.40000 0001 2285 7943Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691 USA
| | - J. Hanson
- grid.261331.40000 0001 2285 7943Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691 USA
| | - J. Ngunjiri
- grid.261331.40000 0001 2285 7943Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691 USA
| | - H. HogenEsch
- grid.169077.e0000 0004 1937 2197Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA
| | - G. J. Renukaradhya
- grid.261331.40000 0001 2285 7943Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691 USA
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13
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Swain M, Budrukkar A, Laskar SG, Sinha S, Kumar A, Pai P, Pantavaidya G, Deshmukh A, Patil V, Prabhash K, Naronha V, Agarwal J. Contralateral Nodal Relapse (CLNR) in Well Lateralized Oral Cavity Cancer Treated Ipsilaterally with Surgery and Adjuvant Radiotherapy with or without Concurrent Chemotherapy: A Retrospective Audit. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.1367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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14
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Tibdewal A, Tahmeed T, Agarwal J, Prabhash K, Mummudi N, Noronha V, Patil V, Menon N, Chopade S, Singh A. EP08.03-002 Local Ablative Therapy in Oligoprogressive NSCLC - Results from a Tertiary Cancer Center of India. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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15
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Patil V, Hernandez-Franco JF, HogenEsch H, Renukaradhya GJ. Alpha-D-glucan-based vaccine adjuvants: Current status and future perspectives. Front Immunol 2022; 13:858321. [PMID: 36119085 PMCID: PMC9471374 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.858321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) are increasingly used as efficient vaccine antigen-delivery platforms and vaccine adjuvants. Alpha (α)-D-glucans are polysaccharide polymers found in plants, animals, and microbes. Phytoglycogen (PG) is a densely branched dendrimer-like α-D-glucan that forms nanoparticle structures. Two simple chemical modifications of corn-derived PG create positively charged, amphiphilic nanoparticles, known as Nano-11, that stimulate immune responses when used as vaccine adjuvant in a variety of species. Nano-11 is a versatile adjuvant that can be used for alternative routes of vaccination and in combination with other immunostimulatory molecules. This review discusses our current understanding of the mechanism of action of Nano-11 and its future potential applications in animal vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veerupaxagouda Patil
- Center for Food Animal Health, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, United States
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Juan F. Hernandez-Franco
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Harm HogenEsch
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
- *Correspondence: Harm HogenEsch, ; Gourapura J. Renukaradhya,
| | - Gourapura J. Renukaradhya
- Center for Food Animal Health, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, United States
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- *Correspondence: Harm HogenEsch, ; Gourapura J. Renukaradhya,
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16
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Renu S, Deblais L, Patil V, Schrock J, Kathayat D, Srivastava V, Feliciano-Ruiz N, Han Y, Ramesh A, Lakshmanappa YS, Ghimire S, Dhakal S, Rajashekara G, Renukaradhya GJ. Gut Microbiota of Obese Children Influences Inflammatory Mucosal Immune Pathways in the Respiratory Tract to Influenza Virus Infection: Optimization of an Ideal Duration of Microbial Colonization in a Gnotobiotic Pig Model. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0267421. [PMID: 35579462 PMCID: PMC9241774 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02674-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of obesity on the human microbiota, immune maturation, and influenza virus infection has not been yet established in natural host animal models of influenza. In this study, gnotobiotic (Gn) pigs were colonized with human fecal microbiota (HFM) of obese (oHFM) or healthy lean (hHFM) children and infected at different periods (2-, 3-, and 5-weeks post-transplantation) using a zoonotic influenza virus strain. The infected oHFM pigs were characterized by lower levels of Firmicutes (Lactococcus, Lactobacillus, Turicibacter, and Streptococcus) and Actinobacteria (Bifidobacterium), which was associated with higher levels of Proteobacteria (Klebsiella), Bacteroidetes, and Verrucomicrobia (Akkermansia) compared with the infected hHFM group (P < 0.01). Furthermore, these genera significantly correlated with the expression of immune effectors, immune regulators, and inflammatory mediators, and displayed opposite trends between oHFM and hHFM groups (P < 0.01). The lymphoid and myeloid immune cell frequencies were differently modulated by the oHFM and hHFM colonization, especially apparent in the 5-weeks HFM colonized piglets. In addition, oHFM group had higher pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-12, TNF-α, and IFNγ) gene expression in the respiratory tract compared with the hHFM colonized pigs was detected. In conclusion, pigs colonized for longer duration, established oHFM increased the immune maturation favoring the activation of inflammatory mediators, however, the influenza virus load remained comparable with the hHFM group. Further, a longer duration of microbial colonization (5 weeks) may be required to reveal the impact of microbiome on the host immune maturation and susceptibility to influenza virus infection in the humanized Gn pig model. IMPORTANCE The diversity of gut microbiome of obese people differs markedly from that of lean healthy individuals which, in turn, influences the severity of inflammatory diseases because of differential maturation of immune system. The mouse model provides crucial insights into the mechanism(s) regulating the immune systems mediated by the gut microbiota but its applicability to humans is questionable because immune cells in mice are poorly activated in microbiota humanized mice. Several important strains of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Clostridium fails to colonize the murine gut. Thus, understanding the role of certain important commensal gut bacterial species influences upon health and disease, a suitable large animal model like pig that supports the growth and colonization of most of the important human gut bacteria and possess comparable immunology and physiology to humans is beneficial to improve health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sankar Renu
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, Ohio, USA
| | - Loic Deblais
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, Ohio, USA
| | - Veerupaxagouda Patil
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, Ohio, USA
| | - Jennifer Schrock
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, Ohio, USA
| | - Dipak Kathayat
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, Ohio, USA
| | - Vishal Srivastava
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, Ohio, USA
| | - Ninoshkaly Feliciano-Ruiz
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, Ohio, USA
| | - Yi Han
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, Ohio, USA
| | - Anikethana Ramesh
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, Ohio, USA
| | - Yashavanth S. Lakshmanappa
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, Ohio, USA
| | - Shristi Ghimire
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, Ohio, USA
| | - Santosh Dhakal
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, Ohio, USA
| | - Gireesh Rajashekara
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, Ohio, USA
| | - Gourapura J. Renukaradhya
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, Ohio, USA
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17
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Nandre R, Verma V, Gaur P, Patil V, Yang X, Ramlaoui Z, Shobaki N, Andersen MH, Pedersen AW, Zocca MB, Mkrtichyan M, Gupta S, Khleif SN. IDO Vaccine Ablates Immune-Suppressive Myeloid Populations and Enhances Antitumor Effects Independent of Tumor Cell IDO Status. Cancer Immunol Res 2022; 10:571-580. [PMID: 35290437 PMCID: PMC9381100 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-21-0457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) does not allow generation and expansion of antitumor effector cells. One of the potent immunosuppressive factors present in the TME is the indoleamine-pyrrole 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) enzyme, produced mainly by cancer cells and suppressive immune cells of myeloid origin. In fact, IDO+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) and dendritic cells (DC) tend to be more suppressive than their IDO- counterparts. Hence, therapeutic approaches that would target the IDO+ cells in the TME, while sparing the antigen-presenting functions of IDO- myeloid populations, are needed. Using an IDO-specific peptide vaccine (IDO vaccine), we explored the possibility of generating effector cells against IDO and non-IDO tumor-derived antigens. For this, IDO-secreting (B16F10 melanoma) and non-IDO-secreting (TC-1) mouse tumor models were employed. We showed that the IDO vaccine significantly reduced tumor growth and enhanced survival of mice in both the tumor models, which associated with a robust induction of IDO-specific effector cells in the TME. The IDO vaccine significantly enhanced the antitumor efficacy of non-IDO tumor antigen-specific vaccines, leading to an increase in the number of total and antigen-specific activated CD8+ T cells (IFNγ+ and granzyme B+). Treatment with the IDO vaccine significantly reduced the numbers of IDO+ MDSCs and DCs, and immunosuppressive regulatory T cells in both tumor models, resulting in enhanced therapeutic ratios. Together, we showed that vaccination against IDO is a promising therapeutic option for both IDO-producing and non-IDO-producing tumors. The IDO vaccine selectively ablates the IDO+ compartment in the TME, leading to a significant enhancement of the immune responses against other tumor antigen-specific vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Nandre
- The Center for Immunology and Immunotherapy, The Loop Immuno-Oncology Laboratory, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia.,Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Vivek Verma
- The Center for Immunology and Immunotherapy, The Loop Immuno-Oncology Laboratory, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia.,Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Pankaj Gaur
- The Center for Immunology and Immunotherapy, The Loop Immuno-Oncology Laboratory, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia.,Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Veerupaxagouda Patil
- The Center for Immunology and Immunotherapy, The Loop Immuno-Oncology Laboratory, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia.,Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Xingdong Yang
- The Center for Immunology and Immunotherapy, The Loop Immuno-Oncology Laboratory, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Zainab Ramlaoui
- The Center for Immunology and Immunotherapy, The Loop Immuno-Oncology Laboratory, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Nour Shobaki
- The Center for Immunology and Immunotherapy, The Loop Immuno-Oncology Laboratory, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | | | | | | | - Mikayel Mkrtichyan
- The Center for Immunology and Immunotherapy, The Loop Immuno-Oncology Laboratory, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia.,Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Seema Gupta
- The Center for Immunology and Immunotherapy, The Loop Immuno-Oncology Laboratory, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia.,Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Samir N. Khleif
- The Center for Immunology and Immunotherapy, The Loop Immuno-Oncology Laboratory, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia.,Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia.,Corresponding Author: Samir N. Khleif, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20007. Phone: 202-687-9689; Fax: 706-721-8787; E-mail:
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Gourapura RJ, Patil V, Hernandez-Franco JF, Yadaigiri G, Bugybayeva D, Dolatyabi S, feliciano-ruiz N, Schrock J, Hanson J, HogenEsch H. Plant derived Nano-11 particle adsorbed with stimulator of interferon genes adjuvant and split influenza virus antigens elicits the cross-protective immunity in pigs. The Journal of Immunology 2022. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.208.supp.124.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
We evaluated the performance of split swine influenza A virus (SwIAV) H1N2 antigens with a plant-derived nanoparticle adjuvant (Nano-11) or its combination with a synthetic STING agonist ADU-S100 (NanoS100). Specific pathogen free pigs were vaccinated twice via intramuscular (IM) and intradermal (ID) routes and challenged with a virulent heterologous H1N1. Animals vaccinated IM or ID with H1N2-ADU-S100-Nano-11 had significantly increased cross-reactive IgG and IgA titers in serum, nasal secretion and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. There was a significant increase of IFNγ+ effector memory T-helper/memory cells and late effector cytotoxic T cells (CTLs), IL-17A+ central and effector memory T-helper/memory cells, IL-17A+ early effector CTLs, and CXCL10+ plasmacytoid dendritic cells in the PBMCs of the ID injected H1N2-ADU-S100-Nano-11 compared to H1N2-Nano-11 group. The frequency of IFNγ+ late effector CTLs and effector memory T-helper/memory cells and IL-17A+ late effectorCTLs, as well as in lungs CXCL10+ plasmacytoid dendritic cells was increased in PBMCs of IM injected H1N2-ADUS100-Nano-11 pigs. Increased expression of IL-4 and IL-6 mRNA was observed in tracheobronchial lymph nodes of IM Nano-11 based vaccinates following challenge. Furthermore, the challenge virus load in the lungs and nasal passage was undetectable in IM H1N2+ADU-S100-Nano-11 vaccinates by day 6 post infection along with reduced macroscopic lung lesions. In conclusion, despite vast genetic difference (77% HA gene identity) between the H1N2 and H1N1 SwIAV, the NanoS100 adjuvanted vaccine elicited cross protective immune responses, suggesting the potential role of this combination adjuvant in inducing cross-protective immunity in pigs.
Supported by USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, AFRI project 2019-67015-29814
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Gourapura RJ, Loving C, Kenney S, LaBresh J, Patil V, Byrne KA, Manirarora J, Walker K, Jovan A, Chick S, Dai C, Hailstock T, Lunney JK. Development of swine immune reagents for analysis of immune correlates for vaccines, infection, and in biomedical research. The Journal of Immunology 2022. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.208.supp.124.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The goal of the USDA-NIFA Swine Immune Toolkit Initiative has been to generate priority immune reagents based on inputs from veterinary immunology researchers worldwide, and pipeline them for marketing. So far in our efforts we express soluble proteins in yeast system and then produce panels of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) using collaborations with commercial partners for protein expression and mAb production. So far we generated several new panels of mAbs reactive to porcine IL-6, IL-13, IFN-γ, IL-17A, IL-28B, CXCL10, and BAFF and screened their reactivity in multiple immune assays. Reactivity tests of labeled anti-IL-6 and anti-IL-13 mAbs for intracellular staining of porcine immune cells using flow cytometry assay are in progress. Our results have confirmed the reactivity of porcine IL-17A, IFN-γ and CXCL10 mAbs. A sensitive sandwich ELISA is now available for IL-17A, IL-13 and CXCL10; other targets are being screened for best mAb pairs for ELISA. Planning has been initiated for the generation of IL-5 and IL-21 mAbs; and use of SLA-I & -II tetramers to identify swine CD4 and CD8 T cells specific for influenza virus peptides. For each target, our goal is to provide the veterinary community with new commercial reagents and standardized assay techniques for their research efforts. Tools and reagents generated by this project will undoubtedly advance our understanding of swine immune responses to disease, vaccine and biomedical research efforts.
Supported by USDA-NIFA AFRI grant # 2019-67015-29815
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Scott Kenney
- 1Center for Food Animal Health, The Ohio State University
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Chai Dai
- 4Beltsville Agr. Res. Ctr., ARS, USDA
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20
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Manirarora JN, Walker KE, Patil V, Renukaradhya GJ, LaBresh J, Sullivan Y, Francis O, Lunney JK. Development and Characterization of New Monoclonal Antibodies Against Porcine Interleukin-17A and Interferon-Gamma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:786396. [PMID: 35185884 PMCID: PMC8850701 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.786396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Current research efforts require a broad range of immune reagents, but those available for pigs are limited. The goal of this study was to generate priority immune reagents for pigs and pipeline them for marketing. Our efforts were aimed at the expression of soluble swine cytokines and the production of panels of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to these proteins. Swine interleukin-17A (IL-17A) and Interferon-gamma (IFNγ) recombinant proteins were produced using yeast expression and used for monoclonal antibody (mAb) production resulting in panels of mAbs. We screened each mAb for cross-species reactivity with orthologs of IL-17A or IFNγ and checked each mAb for inhibition by other related mAbs, to assign mAb antigenic determinants. For porcine IL-17A, the characterization of a panel of 10 mAbs identified eight different antigenic determinants; interestingly, most of the mAbs cross-reacted with the dolphin recombinant ortholog. Likewise, the characterization of a panel of nine anti-PoIFNγ mAbs identified four different determinants; most of the mAbs cross-reacted with dolphin, bovine, and caprine recombinant orthologs. There was a unique reaction of one anti-PoIFNγ mAb that cross-reacted with the zebrafish recombinant ortholog. The αIL-17A mAbs were used to develop a quantitative sandwich ELISA detecting the yeast expressed protein as well as native IL-17A in stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) supernatants. Our analyses showed that phorbol myristate acetate/ionomycin stimulation of PBMC induced significant expression of IL-17A by CD3+ T cells as detected by several of our mAbs. These new mAbs expand opportunities for immunology research in swine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean N Manirarora
- Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center (BARC), Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Beltsville, MD, United States
| | - Kristen E Walker
- Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center (BARC), Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Beltsville, MD, United States
| | - Veerupaxagouda Patil
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, United States
| | - Gourapura J Renukaradhya
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, United States
| | | | | | - Ore Francis
- Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Joan K Lunney
- Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center (BARC), Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Beltsville, MD, United States
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Shivakumar J, Parambil B, Prasad M, Gollamudi V, Ramadwar M, Qureshi S, Laskar S, Khanna N, Baheti A, Patil V, Shah S, Chinnasamy G. Clinical profile and outcome of adrenocortical in children: A single center retrospective study from India. Pediatric Hematology Oncology Journal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phoj.2022.10.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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22
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Dhande S, Patil V. Neuroprotective Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Portulaca quadrifida L. in Rotenone-Induced Locomotor Impairment in Drosophila Model and Haloperidol-Induced Catalepsy Rat Model. Indian J Pharm Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.36468/pharmaceutical-sciences.974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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23
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Laskar SG, Sinha S, Singh M, Mummudi N, Mittal R, Gavarraju A, Budrukkar A, Swain M, Agarwal JP, Gupta T, Murthy V, Mokal S, Patil V, Noronha V, Joshi A, Menon N, Prabhash K. Post-cricoid and Upper Oesophagus Cancers Treated with Organ Preservation Using Intensity-modulated Image-guided Radiotherapy: a Phase II Prospective Study of Outcomes, Toxicity and Quality of Life. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2021; 34:220-229. [PMID: 34872822 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2021.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To prospectively examine the outcomes, toxicity and quality of life (QoL) of patients with post-cricoid and upper oesophagus (PCUE) cancers treated with an organ-preservation approach of (chemo)-radiotherapy using intensity-modulated image-guided radiotherapy (IM-IGRT). MATERIALS AND METHODS This phase II prospective study was conducted at a tertiary cancer centre from February 2017 to January 2020. Forty patients with squamous cell carcinoma of PCUE of stage T1-3, N0-2, M0 were accrued. Gross exolaryngeal extension/dysfunctional larynx were major exclusion criteria. Patients received 63-66 Gy in once-daily fractions using volumetric modulated arc therapy with daily IGRT. Outcome measures included disease-related outcomes, patterns of failure, Radiation Therapy Oncology Group toxicities, feeding tube dependency and QoL. RESULTS The median follow-up was 22 months. Twenty-six (87.5%) patients had locoregionally advanced disease and 34 (85%) patients received (chemo)-radiotherapy. A complete response was observed in 26 (65%) patients. The 2-year locoregional control, event-free survival and cause-specific survival were 59.6%, 40.2% and 44.8%, respectively. The volume of primary tumour (GTVPvol) exceeding 28 cm3 had inferior overall survival (P = 0.005) on univariate analysis. Multivariable analysis showed GTVPvol and positron emission tomography-computed tomography maximum standardised uptake value to be independently predictive for event-free and overall survival. A feeding tube requirement at presentation was seen in 11 (27.5%) patients, whereas long-term feeding tube dependency at 6 months was seen in 10 (37%) patients. For QoL, a statistical improvement in pain, appetite loss and swallowing was observed over time. CONCLUSION Although the outcomes of PCUE cancers remain dismal, the use of state of the art diagnostic modalities, careful case selection and modern radiotherapy techniques improved outcomes as compared with before in this exclusive analysis of PCUE cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- S G Laskar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India.
| | - S Sinha
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - M Singh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - N Mummudi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - R Mittal
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - A Gavarraju
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - A Budrukkar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - M Swain
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - J P Agarwal
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - T Gupta
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - V Murthy
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - S Mokal
- Clinical Research Secretariat, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - V Patil
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - V Noronha
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - A Joshi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - N Menon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - K Prabhash
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
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Gourapura RJ, Feliciano-Ruiz N, Patil V, Schrock J, Han Y, Ramesh A, Dhakal S, Krakowka S, Renu S. Mannose Conjugated Chitosan-based Influenza Nanovaccine Intranasal Inoculation Enhances the Cross-reactive Immunity in Maternal Antibodies Positive Pigs. The Journal of Immunology 2021. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.206.supp.19.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Swine influenza A virus (SwIAV) causes respiratory tract infection in pigs. Parenteral administration of inactivated SwIAV vaccine in weaned piglets provides variable protection due to preexisting specific maternal derived antibodies (MDA). We developed killed SwIAV antigen (KAg) encapsulated mannose-conjugated chitosan nanoparticles (mCS NPs-KAg) vaccine which targets dendritic cells. In MDA-positive piglets, prime-boost intranasal inoculation of mCS NPs-KAg vaccine elicited enhanced homologous (H1N2-OH10), heterologous (H1N1-OH7), and heterosubtypic (H3N2-OH4) influenza virus-specific secretory IgA (sIgA) antibody response in nasal passage compared to control CS NPs-KAg vaccinates. In both mCS NPs-KAg and CS NPs-KAg vaccinates upon challenge with a heterologous virus observed augmented cross-reactive virus-specific sIgA antibody response in nasal swab, lung lysate, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, and IgG antibody levels in lung lysate and BAL fluid samples. Whereas the multivalent commercial inactivated SwIAV vaccine administered intramuscular had increased only the specific serum IgG antibody response. Additionally, mCS NPs-KAg vaccine increased the specific recall lymphocyte proliferation, and the frequency of IFNγ secreting T cells, late effector and effector memory T cells, and cytokines IL-4, IL-10, and IFNγ gene expression compared to CS NPs-KAg and commercial SwIAV vaccinates. Both the mCS NPs-KAg and CS NPs-KAg vaccines efficiently cleared the challenge virus load from airways and reduced the lung lesions compared to commercial vaccine. Overall, mCS NP-KAg vaccine in MDA-positive pigs induced a robust cross-reactive immunity and offered cross-protection against influenza virus.
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Gourapura RJ, Loving CL, Kenney S, LaBresh J, Patil V, Byrne K, Walker K, Dai C, Hailstock T, Lunney JK. Development and characterization of new swine immune reagents to understand immune correlates for vaccines, infection, and biomedical research outcomes. The Journal of Immunology 2021. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.206.supp.19.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The USDA-NIFA Swine Immune Toolkit Initiative has a goal to generate priority immune reagents, based on inputs from veterinary immunology researchers worldwide, and pipeline them for marketing. Our efforts are aimed at expression of soluble proteins and production of panels of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) using collaborations with commercial partners for protein expression and mAb production. Generation of new panels of mAbs reactive with porcine IL-5 and IL-21 have been initiated. Panels of mAbs to IL-6, IL-13, IL-17A, IL-28B, CXCL10, and BAFF are being screened for their reactivity in multiple immune assays. Reactivity tests of labeled anti-IL-6, -IL-17A, -IL-13 and -CXCL10 mAbs for intracellular staining of porcine myeloid and T cells using flow cytometry-based assays are in progress. Sensitive sandwich ELISA assays are now available for IL-17A, IL-13 and CXCL10; other targets are being screened for best mAb pairs for such assays. Planning for the generation of SLA-I & -II tetramers to identify swine CD4 and CD8 T cells specific for influenza virus peptides has been initiated. For each target, our goal is to provide the veterinary community with new commercial reagents and standardized techniques using these reagents for their research efforts. Tools and reagents generated by this project will undoubtedly advance swine immune, disease, vaccine, and biomedical research efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Chaohui Dai
- 4Animal Parasitic Dis. Lab., BARC, ARS, USDA
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26
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Renu S, Feliciano-Ruiz N, Patil V, Schrock J, Han Y, Ramesh A, Dhakal S, Hanson J, Krakowka S, Renukaradhya GJ. Immunity and Protective Efficacy of Mannose Conjugated Chitosan-Based Influenza Nanovaccine in Maternal Antibody Positive Pigs. Front Immunol 2021; 12:584299. [PMID: 33746943 PMCID: PMC7969509 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.584299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Parenteral administration of killed/inactivated swine influenza A virus (SwIAV) vaccine in weaned piglets provides variable levels of immunity due to the presence of preexisting virus specific maternal derived antibodies (MDA). To overcome the effect of MDA on SwIAV vaccine in piglets, we developed an intranasal deliverable killed SwIAV antigen (KAg) encapsulated chitosan nanoparticles called chitosan-based NPs encapsulating KAg (CS NPs-KAg) vaccine. Further, to target the candidate vaccine to dendritic cells and macrophages which express mannose receptor, we conjugated mannose to chitosan (mCS) and formulated KAg encapsulated mCS nanoparticles called mannosylated chitosan-based NPs encapsulating KAg (mCS NPs-KAg) vaccine. In MDA-positive piglets, prime-boost intranasal inoculation of mCS NPs-KAg vaccine elicited enhanced homologous (H1N2-OH10), heterologous (H1N1-OH7), and heterosubtypic (H3N2-OH4) influenza virus-specific secretory IgA (sIgA) antibody response in nasal passage compared to CS NPs-KAg vaccinates. In vaccinated upon challenged with a heterologous SwIAV H1N1, both mCS NPs-KAg and CS NPs-KAg vaccinates augmented H1N2-OH10, H1N1-OH7, and H3N2-OH4 virus-specific sIgA antibody responses in nasal swab, lung lysate, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid; and IgG antibody levels in lung lysate and BAL fluid samples. Whereas, the multivalent commercial inactivated SwIAV vaccine delivered intramuscularly increased serum IgG antibody response. In mCS NPs-KAg and CS NPs-KAg vaccinates increased H1N2-OH10 but not H1N1-OH7 and H3N2-OH4-specific serum hemagglutination inhibition titers were observed. Additionally, mCS NPs-KAg vaccine increased specific recall lymphocyte proliferation and cytokines IL-4, IL-10, and IFNγ gene expression compared to CS NPs-KAg and commercial SwIAV vaccinates in tracheobronchial lymph nodes. Consistent with the immune response both mCS NPs-KAg and CS NPs-KAg vaccinates cleared the challenge H1N1-OH7 virus load in upper and lower respiratory tract more efficiently when compared to commercial vaccine. The virus clearance was associated with reduced gross lung lesions. Overall, mCS NP-KAg vaccine intranasal immunization in MDA-positive pigs induced a robust cross-reactive immunity and offered protection against influenza virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sankar Renu
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, United States
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Wooster, OH, United States
| | - Ninoshkaly Feliciano-Ruiz
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, United States
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Wooster, OH, United States
| | - Veerupaxagouda Patil
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, United States
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Wooster, OH, United States
| | - Jennifer Schrock
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, United States
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Wooster, OH, United States
| | - Yi Han
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, United States
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Wooster, OH, United States
| | - Anikethana Ramesh
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, United States
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Wooster, OH, United States
| | - Santosh Dhakal
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, United States
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Wooster, OH, United States
| | - Juliette Hanson
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, United States
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Wooster, OH, United States
| | - Steven Krakowka
- The Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Gourapura J. Renukaradhya
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, United States
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Wooster, OH, United States
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Khaddar S, Rajpurohit A, Kapoor A, Noronha V, Joshi A, Patil V, Menon N, More S, Goud S, Prabhash K. P76.26 Survival Outcomes in Patients Receiving Second Line Osimertinib Post First Line First Generation TKI Alone or in Combination with Chemotherapy. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.1083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Gupta T, Maitre M, Maitre P, Goda JS, Krishnatry R, Chatterjee A, Moiyadi A, Shetty P, Epari S, Sahay A, Patil V, Jalali R. High-dose salvage re-irradiation for recurrent/progressive adult diffuse glioma: healing or hurting? Clin Transl Oncol 2021; 23:1358-1367. [PMID: 33528810 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-020-02526-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To report survival outcomes and identify prognostic factors of salvage re-irradiation (re-RT) in recurrent/progressive glioma. METHODS Medical records of patients treated with high-dose re-RT as part of multi-modality salvage therapy for recurrence/progression of adult diffuse glioma from 2010 to 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS A total of 111 patients developing recurrent/progressive high-grade glioma after adequate upfront treatment at initial diagnosis were included. The first course of radiotherapy (RT) had been delivered to a median dose of 59.4 Gy with an inter-quartile range (IQR) of 54-60 Gy. Median time to recurrence/progression was 4.3 years (IQR = 2.3-7.4 years) while the median time to re-RT was 4.8 years (IQR = 3.6-7.9 years). Re-RT was delivered with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) using 1.8 Gy/fraction to a median dose of 54 Gy (IQR = 50.4-55.8 Gy) for a cumulative median equivalent dose in 2-Gy fractions (EQD2) of 104.3 Gy (IQR = 102.6-109.4 Gy). At a median follow-up of 14 months after re-RT, the 1-year Kaplan-Meier estimates of post-re-RT progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 42.8 and 61.8%, respectively. Univariate analysis identified histological grade at recurrence/progression; histological subtype; disease-free interval (DFI) and time interval between both courses of RT; performance status at re-RT; dose at re-RT and cumulative EQD2; isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation; and O6-methyl-guanine DNA methyl transferase (MGMT) gene promoter methylation as significant prognostic factors. Preserved performance status, longer DFI, prolonged time interval between both courses of RT, and presence of IDH mutation were associated with significantly improved PFS on multi-variate analysis. However, only performance status retained independent prognostic significance for OS on multi-variate analysis. Post-treatment changes were seen in 33 (30%) patients on follow-up imaging, with higher cumulative dose (EQD2 ≥ 104.3 Gy) being associated with increased risk of post-re-RT pseudo-progression. CONCLUSION This clinical audit reports encouraging survival outcomes and identifies key prognostic factors associated with high-dose salvage re-RT in recurrent/progressive glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Gupta
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC)/Tata Memorial Hospital (TMH), Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, 410210, India.
| | - M Maitre
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC)/Tata Memorial Hospital (TMH), Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, 410210, India
| | - P Maitre
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC)/Tata Memorial Hospital (TMH), Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, 410210, India
| | - J S Goda
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC)/Tata Memorial Hospital (TMH), Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, 410210, India
| | - R Krishnatry
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC)/Tata Memorial Hospital (TMH), Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, 410210, India
| | - A Chatterjee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC)/Tata Memorial Hospital (TMH), Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, 410210, India
| | - A Moiyadi
- Department of Neuro-Surgical Oncology, Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC)/Tata Memorial Hospital (TMH), Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, 410210, India
| | - P Shetty
- Department of Neuro-Surgical Oncology, Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC)/Tata Memorial Hospital (TMH), Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, 410210, India
| | - S Epari
- Department of Pathology, Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC)/Tata Memorial Hospital (TMH), Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, 410210, India
| | - A Sahay
- Department of Pathology, Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC)/Tata Memorial Hospital (TMH), Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, 410210, India
| | - V Patil
- Department of Medical Oncology, Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC)/Tata Memorial Hospital (TMH), Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, 410210, India
| | - R Jalali
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC)/Tata Memorial Hospital (TMH), Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, 410210, India
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Patil V, Renu S, Feliciano-Ruiz N, Han Y, Ramesh A, Schrock J, Dhakal S, HogenEsch H, Renukaradhya GJ. Intranasal Delivery of Inactivated Influenza Virus and Poly(I:C) Adsorbed Corn-Based Nanoparticle Vaccine Elicited Robust Antigen-Specific Cell-Mediated Immune Responses in Maternal Antibody Positive Nursery Pigs. Front Immunol 2020; 11:596964. [PMID: 33391267 PMCID: PMC7772411 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.596964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We designed the killed swine influenza A virus (SwIAV) H1N2 antigen (KAg) with polyriboinosinic:polyribocytidylic acid [(Poly(I:C)] adsorbed corn-derived Nano-11 particle based nanovaccine called Nano-11-KAg+Poly(I:C), and evaluated its immune correlates in maternally derived antibody (MDA)-positive pigs against a heterologous H1N1 SwIAV infection. Immunologically, in tracheobronchial lymph nodes (TBLN) detected enhanced H1N2-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) in Nano-11-KAg+Poly(I:C) vaccinates, and in commercial vaccinates detected CTLs with mainly IL-17A+ and early effector phenotypes specific to both H1N2 and H1N1 SwAIV. In commercial vaccinates, activated H1N2- and H1N1-specific IFNγ+&TNFα+, IL-17A+ and central memory T-helper/Memory cells, and in Nano-11-KAg+Poly(I:C) vaccinates H1N2-specific central memory, IFNγ+ and IFNγ+&TNFα+, and H1N1-specific IL-17A+ T-helper/Memory cells were observed. Systemically, Nano-11-KAg+Poly(I:C) vaccine augmented H1N2-specific IFNγ+ CTLs and H1N1-specific IFNγ+ T-helper/Memory cells, and commercial vaccine boosted H1N2- specific early effector CTLs and H1N1-specific IFNγ+&TNFα+ CTLs, as well as H1N2- and H1N1-specific T-helper/Memory cells with central memory, IFNγ+&TNFα+, and IL-17A+ phenotypes. Remarkably, commercial vaccine induced an increase in H1N1-specific T-helper cells in TBLN and naive T-helper cells in both TBLN and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), while H1N1- and H1N2-specific only T-helper cells were augmented in Nano-11-KAg+Poly(I:C) vaccinates in both TBLN and PBMCs. Furthermore, the Nano-11-KAg+Poly(I:C) vaccine stimulated robust cross-reactive IgG and secretory IgA (SIgA) responses in lungs, while the commercial vaccine elicited high levels of serum and lung IgG and serum hemagglutination inhibition (HI) titers. In conclusion, despite vast genetic difference (77% in HA gene identity) between the vaccine H1N2 and H1N1 challenge viruses in Nano-11-KAg+Poly(I:C) vaccinates, compared to over 95% identity between H1N1 of commercial vaccine and challenge viruses, the virus load and macroscopic lesions in the lungs of both types of vaccinates were comparable, but the Nano-11-KAg+Poly(I:C) vaccine cleared the virus from the nasal passage better. These data suggested the important role played by Nano-11 and Poly(I:C) in the induction of polyfunctional, cross-protective cell-mediated immunity against SwIAV in MDA-positive pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veerupaxagouda Patil
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Wooster, OH, United States.,Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Sankar Renu
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Wooster, OH, United States.,Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Ninoshkaly Feliciano-Ruiz
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Wooster, OH, United States.,Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Yi Han
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Wooster, OH, United States.,Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Anikethana Ramesh
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Wooster, OH, United States.,Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Jennifer Schrock
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Wooster, OH, United States.,Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Santosh Dhakal
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Wooster, OH, United States.,Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Harm HogenEsch
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Gourapura J Renukaradhya
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Wooster, OH, United States.,Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
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Singh G, Menon N, Keluskar G, Kalra D, Patil V. 390P Spiritual well-being in brain tumour patients: An insight. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Kumar A, Noronha V, Patil V, Joshi A, Menon N, Kapoor A, Janu A, Mahajan A, Rajendra A, Prabhash K. 1049P Efficacy and safety of low dose immunotherapy in palliative setting of advanced solid tumours. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.1169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Kalra D, Singh G, Menon N, Simha V, Srinivas S, Vallathol D, Das S, Adak S, Dale O, Patil V. 393P Financial toxicity in patients undergoing systemic therapy in brain tumours: A cross-sectional study. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Han Y, Renu S, Patil V, Schrock J, Feliciano-Ruiz N, Selvaraj R, Renukaradhya GJ. Immune Response to Salmonella Enteritidis Infection in Broilers Immunized Orally With Chitosan-Based Salmonella Subunit Nanoparticle Vaccine. Front Immunol 2020; 11:935. [PMID: 32508828 PMCID: PMC7248282 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis, SE) infection in broilers causes a huge economic loss and public health risk. We previously demonstrated that orally delivered chitosan based (CS) Salmonella subunit nanoparticle (NP) vaccine containing immunogenic outer membrane proteins (OMP) and flagellin (FLA) of SE [CS-NP(OMP+FLA)] induces immune response in broilers. The objective of this study was to evaluate the dose- and age-dependent response and efficacy of CS-NP(OMP+FLA) vaccine in broilers. Three-day old birds were vaccinated and boosted once or twice. Additional groups were vaccinated at three weeks with no booster or boosted once a week later. Each dose of CS-NP vaccine had either 10 or 50 μg of OMP+FLA antigens. Our data revealed that two doses of vaccine were required to induce substantial immune response. Birds received 2 doses of CS-NP(OMP+FLA) vaccine at 3 days and 3 weeks of age with 10 μg antigens, and birds inoculated twice at 3 and 4 weeks of age with 50 μg antigens had lowest challenged bacterial load in the cecal contents with over 0.5 log10 reduction. In CS-NP(OMP+FLA) vaccinated birds, antigen-specific splenocyte proliferation, mucosal and systemic antibody response and the frequency of IFNγ-producing T cells were increased compared to control groups. At the molecular level, in the cecal tonsils of CS-NP(OMP+FLA) immunized birds, mRNA levels of toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR 4, and cytokines IL-4 and IL-10 were upregulated. The CS-NP(OMP+FLA) vaccine given orally has the potential to induce a protective immune response against SE infection in broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Han
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, United States.,Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Sankar Renu
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, United States.,Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Veerupaxagouda Patil
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, United States.,Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Jennifer Schrock
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, United States.,Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Ninoshkaly Feliciano-Ruiz
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, United States.,Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Ramesh Selvaraj
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Gourapura J Renukaradhya
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, United States.,Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
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Renu S, Feliciano-Ruiz N, Lu F, Ghimire S, Han Y, Schrock J, Dhakal S, Patil V, Krakowka S, HogenEsch H, Renukaradhya GJ. A Nanoparticle-Poly(I:C) Combination Adjuvant Enhances the Breadth of the Immune Response to Inactivated Influenza Virus Vaccine in Pigs. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8020229. [PMID: 32443416 PMCID: PMC7349929 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8020229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Intranasal vaccination elicits secretory IgA (SIgA) antibodies in the airways, which is required for cross-protection against influenza. To enhance the breadth of immunity induced by a killed swine influenza virus antigen (KAg) or conserved T cell and B cell peptides, we adsorbed the antigens together with the TLR3 agonist poly(I:C) electrostatically onto cationic alpha-D-glucan nanoparticles (Nano-11) resulting in Nano-11-KAg-poly(I:C) and Nano-11-peptides-poly(I:C) vaccines. In vitro, increased TNF-α and IL-1ß cytokine mRNA expression was observed in Nano-11-KAg-poly(I:C)-treated porcine monocyte-derived dendritic cells. Nano-11-KAg-poly(I:C), but not Nano-11-peptides-poly(I:C), delivered intranasally in pigs induced high levels of cross-reactive virus-specific SIgA antibodies secretion in the nasal passage and lungs compared to a multivalent commercial influenza virus vaccine administered intramuscularly. The commercial and Nano-11-KAg-poly(I:C) vaccinations increased the frequency of IFNγ secreting T cells. The poly(I:C) adjuvanted Nano-11-based vaccines increased various cytokine mRNA expressions in lymph nodes compared to the commercial vaccine. In addition, Nano-11-KAg-poly(I:C) vaccine elicited high levels of virus neutralizing antibodies in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Microscopic lung lesions and challenge virus load were partially reduced in poly(I:C) adjuvanted Nano-11 and commercial influenza vaccinates. In conclusion, compared to our earlier study with Nano-11-KAg vaccine, addition of poly(I:C) to the formulation improved cross-protective antibody and cytokine response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sankar Renu
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (S.R.); (N.F.-R.); (S.G.); (Y.H.); (J.S.); (S.D.); (V.P.)
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Ninoshkaly Feliciano-Ruiz
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (S.R.); (N.F.-R.); (S.G.); (Y.H.); (J.S.); (S.D.); (V.P.)
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Fangjia Lu
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (F.L.); (H.H.)
| | - Shristi Ghimire
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (S.R.); (N.F.-R.); (S.G.); (Y.H.); (J.S.); (S.D.); (V.P.)
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Yi Han
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (S.R.); (N.F.-R.); (S.G.); (Y.H.); (J.S.); (S.D.); (V.P.)
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jennifer Schrock
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (S.R.); (N.F.-R.); (S.G.); (Y.H.); (J.S.); (S.D.); (V.P.)
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Santosh Dhakal
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (S.R.); (N.F.-R.); (S.G.); (Y.H.); (J.S.); (S.D.); (V.P.)
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Veerupaxagouda Patil
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (S.R.); (N.F.-R.); (S.G.); (Y.H.); (J.S.); (S.D.); (V.P.)
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Steven Krakowka
- The Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Harm HogenEsch
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (F.L.); (H.H.)
| | - Gourapura J. Renukaradhya
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; (S.R.); (N.F.-R.); (S.G.); (Y.H.); (J.S.); (S.D.); (V.P.)
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-330-263-3748; Fax: +1-330-263-3677
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Gourapura RJ, Feliciano-Ruiza N, Renu S, Lu F, Han Y, Schrock J, Dhakal S, Patil V, HogenEsch H. Corn based nanoparticle delivered inactivated influenza virus vaccine intranasally augments mucosal immune response in pigs. The Journal of Immunology 2020. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.204.supp.166.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Swine influenza A virus (SwIV) causes respiratory tract infection in pigs. Available SwIV vaccines fail to provide cross-protective immunity in pigs. Nano-11 is an amphiphilic nanoparticle (70–80nm) obtained from sweet corn-derived phytoglycogen. Nano-11 carries high surface positive charge and thus facilitates easy preparation of nanoparticle based vaccine by electrostatic interaction with killed SwIAV antigen (KAg) or peptides (negative charge). Earlier we showed that Nano-11 bound killed SwIV H1N2 Ag (Nano-11+KAg) delivered intranasally in pigs induced mucosal antibody response, but the challenge heterologous H1N1 SwIV load was not substantially reduced in the airways. In this study, KAg or conserved ten IAV peptides co-adsorbed with adjuvant Poly(I:C) (negative charge) on Nano-11 [Nano-11+KAg/peptides+Poly(I:C)] was vaccinated to influenza-free pigs intranasally, twice, and challenged with a heterologous SwIV. We observed increased SIgA and IgG responses in the airways and enhanced proliferation of IFN-g+ gd T cells in PBMCs in Nano-11+KAg+Poly(I:C) vaccinates compared to control. In Nano-11+peptides+Poly(I:C) vaccinates noticed an increased proliferation of IFN-g+ gd T cells and IFN-g+ cytotoxic T cells in PBMCs compared to control. Commercial vaccine group induced higher IgG response in serum and proliferation of IFN-g+ T-helper/memory cells in PBMCs compared to control. However, reduction in challenge virus load in any of the vaccinated groups was not statistically significant. In conclusion, inclusion of Poly(I:C) in Nano-11 flu vaccine improved the T cell response, but further improvements in the vaccine formulation is required to take advantage of this easy to prepare particle based mucosal flu vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yi Han
- 1The Ohio State University
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Renu S, Feliciano-Ruiz N, Ghimire S, Han Y, Schrock J, Dhakal S, Patil V, Krakowka S, Renukaradhya GJ. Poly(I:C) augments inactivated influenza virus-chitosan nanovaccine induced cell mediated immune response in pigs vaccinated intranasally. Vet Microbiol 2020; 242:108611. [PMID: 32122615 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2020.108611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
To improve the innate and adaptive immune responses elicited by a killed/inactivated swine influenza virus antigen (KAg)-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (CS NPs-KAg), we used the adjuvant, poly(I:C). The formulated CS NPs-KAg and CS NPs-poly(I:C) had a net surface charge of +30.7 mV and +25.1 mV, respectively. The CS NPs-KAg was coadministered with CS NPs-poly(I:C) (chitosan nanovaccine) as intranasal mist. Vaccinations enhanced homologous (H1N2-OH10) and heterologous (H1N1-OH7) hemagglutination inhibition (HI) titers in both vaccinated and virus-challenged animals compared to the control soluble poly(I:C) vaccinated pigs. In addition, the chitosan nanovaccine induced the proliferation of antigen-specific IFNγ secreting T-helper/memory and γδ T cells compared to control poly(I:C) group; and an increased Th1 (IFNγ, IL-6 and IL-2) and Th2 (IL-10 and IL-13) cytokines mRNA expression in the tracheobronchial lymph nodes compared to lymphoid tissues obtained from pigs given commercial influenza vaccine. The virus load in nasal passages and microscopic lung lesions were partially reduced by both chitosan nanovaccine and commercial vaccine. The HA gene homology between the vaccine and challenge viruses indicated that the chitosan nanovaccine induced a cross-protective immune response. In conclusion, coadministration of CS NPs-poly(I:C) with CS NPs-KAg augmented the cross-reactive specific HI titers and the cell-mediated immune responses in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sankar Renu
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA; Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Ninoshkaly Feliciano-Ruiz
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA; Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Shristi Ghimire
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA; Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Yi Han
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA; Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Jennifer Schrock
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA; Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Santosh Dhakal
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA; Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Veerupaxagouda Patil
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA; Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Steven Krakowka
- Emeritus Professor, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Gourapura J Renukaradhya
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA; Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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Das M, Karnam A, Stephen-Victor E, Gilardin L, Bhatt B, Kumar Sharma V, Rambabu N, Patil V, Lecerf M, Käsermann F, Bruneval P, Narayanaswamy Balaji K, Benveniste O, Kaveri SV, Bayry J. Intravenous immunoglobulin mediates anti-inflammatory effects in peripheral blood mononuclear cells by inducing autophagy. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:50. [PMID: 31974400 PMCID: PMC6978335 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2249-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy plays an important role in the regulation of autoimmune and autoinflammatory responses of the immune cells. Defective autophagy process is associated with various autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Moreover, in many of these diseases, the therapeutic use of normal immunoglobulin G or intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), a pooled normal IgG preparation, is well documented. Therefore, we explored if IVIG immunotherapy exerts therapeutic benefits via induction of autophagy in the immune cells. Here we show that IVIG induces autophagy in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Further dissection of this process revealed that IVIG-induced autophagy is restricted to inflammatory cells like monocytes, dendritic cells, and M1 macrophages but not in cells associated with Th2 immune response like M2 macrophages. IVIG induces autophagy by activating AMP-dependent protein kinase, beclin-1, class III phosphoinositide 3-kinase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and by inhibiting mammalian target of rapamycin. Mechanistically, IVIG-induced autophagy is F(ab')2-dependent but sialylation independent, and requires endocytosis of IgG by innate cells. Inhibition of autophagy compromised the ability of IVIG to suppress the inflammatory cytokines in innate immune cells. Moreover, IVIG therapy in inflammatory myopathies such as dermatomyositis, antisynthetase syndrome and immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy induced autophagy in PBMCs and reduced inflammatory cytokines in the circulation, thus validating the translational importance of these results. Our data provide insight on how circulating normal immunoglobulins maintain immune homeostasis and explain in part the mechanism by which IVIG therapy benefits patients with autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrinmoy Das
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe- Immunopathologie et Immunointervention Thérapeutique, Sorbonne Université, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Anupama Karnam
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe- Immunopathologie et Immunointervention Thérapeutique, Sorbonne Université, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Stephen-Victor
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe- Immunopathologie et Immunointervention Thérapeutique, Sorbonne Université, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Gilardin
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe- Immunopathologie et Immunointervention Thérapeutique, Sorbonne Université, 75006, Paris, France.,Département de Médecine Interne et Immunologie Clinique, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Bharat Bhatt
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Varun Kumar Sharma
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe- Immunopathologie et Immunointervention Thérapeutique, Sorbonne Université, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Naresh Rambabu
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe- Immunopathologie et Immunointervention Thérapeutique, Sorbonne Université, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Veerupaxagouda Patil
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe- Immunopathologie et Immunointervention Thérapeutique, Sorbonne Université, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Maxime Lecerf
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe- Immunopathologie et Immunointervention Thérapeutique, Sorbonne Université, 75006, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Fabian Käsermann
- CSL Behring, Research, CSL Biologics Research Center, 3014, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Bruneval
- Service d'anatomie pathologique, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, 75015, Paris, France
| | | | - Olivier Benveniste
- Département de Médecine Interne et Immunologie Clinique, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, 75013, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 974, Sorbonne Université, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Srini V Kaveri
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe- Immunopathologie et Immunointervention Thérapeutique, Sorbonne Université, 75006, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Jagadeesh Bayry
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe- Immunopathologie et Immunointervention Thérapeutique, Sorbonne Université, 75006, Paris, France. .,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006, Paris, France.
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Mørkve Knudsen GT, Rezwan FI, Johannessen A, Skulstad SM, Bertelsen RJ, Real FG, Krauss-Etschmann S, Patil V, Jarvis D, Arshad SH, Holloway JW, Svanes C. Erratum: Epigenome-wide association of father's smoking with offspring DNA methylation: a hypothesis-generating study. Environ Epigenet 2020; 6:dvz027. [PMID: 32042449 PMCID: PMC6999171 DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvz027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvz023.][This corrects the article DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvz023.].
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Pandikanda R, Singh R, Patil V, Sharma M, Shankar K. Flapless closure of oro-antral communication with PRF membrane and composite of PRF and collagen – a technical note. Journal of Stomatology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 2019; 120:471-473. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2018.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Noronha V, Patil V, Joshi A, Menon N, Agarwal J, Laskar S, Budrukkar A, Murthy V, Gupta T, Prabhash K. DOES AGE MATTER FOR RADICAL CHEMORADIATION IN HEAD AND NECK CANCER: A POST-HOC ANALYSIS OF A RANDOMIZED STUDY. J Geriatr Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s1879-4068(19)31203-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Gupta A, Singh G, Patil V, Bansal N. Balloon Mitral Valvotomy in Patients with Mitral Stenosis and Left Atrial Thrombus. Indian Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ihj.2019.11.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Prabhash K, Noronha V, Patil V, Joshi A, Chougule A. P1.01-88 PS 2 Patients with Advanced EGFR Mutant NSCLC: Subset Analysis of a Phase III Randomized Trial Comparing Gefitinib to Gefitinib with Chemotherapy. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Prabhash K, Noronha V, Patil V, Joshi A, Chougule A, Mahajan A, Janu A, Kumar R, More S, Goud S, Kumar N, Daware N, Bhattacherjee A, Shah S, Yadav A, Banavali S. P2.01-102 Outcome of Patients with EGFR Exon 19 Mutation in a Phase III Randomized Trial Comparing Gefitinib to Gefitinib with Chemotherapy. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.1445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Mørkve Knudsen GT, Rezwan FI, Johannessen A, Skulstad SM, Bertelsen RJ, Real FG, Krauss-Etschmann S, Patil V, Jarvis D, Arshad SH, Holloway JW, Svanes C. Epigenome-wide association of father's smoking with offspring DNA methylation: a hypothesis-generating study. Environ Epigenet 2019; 5:dvz023. [PMID: 31827900 PMCID: PMC6896979 DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvz023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies suggest that father's smoking might influence their future children's health, but few studies have addressed whether paternal line effects might be related to altered DNA methylation patterns in the offspring. To investigate a potential association between fathers' smoking exposures and offspring DNA methylation using epigenome-wide association studies. We used data from 195 males and females (11-54 years) participating in two population-based cohorts. DNA methylation was quantified in whole blood using Illumina Infinium MethylationEPIC Beadchip. Comb-p was used to analyse differentially methylated regions (DMRs). Robust multivariate linear models, adjusted for personal/maternal smoking and cell-type proportion, were used to analyse offspring differentially associated probes (DMPs) related to paternal smoking. In sensitivity analyses, we adjusted for socio-economic position and clustering by family. Adjustment for inflation was based on estimation of the empirical null distribution in BACON. Enrichment and pathway analyses were performed on genes annotated to cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) sites using the gometh function in missMethyl. We identified six significant DMRs (Sidak-corrected P values: 0.0006-0.0173), associated with paternal smoking, annotated to genes involved in innate and adaptive immunity, fatty acid synthesis, development and function of neuronal systems and cellular processes. DMP analysis identified 33 CpGs [false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.05]. Following adjustment for genomic control (λ = 1.462), no DMPs remained epigenome-wide significant (FDR < 0.05). This hypothesis-generating study found that fathers' smoking was associated with differential methylation in their adolescent and adult offspring. Future studies are needed to explore the intriguing hypothesis that fathers' exposures might persistently modify their future offspring's epigenome.
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Affiliation(s)
- G T Mørkve Knudsen
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, N-5021 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021 Bergen, Norway
- Correspondence address. Haukanesvegen 260, N-5650 Tysse, Norway; Tel: +47 977 98 147; E-mail: and
| | - F I Rezwan
- Human Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - A Johannessen
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, N-5018 Bergen, Norway
| | - S M Skulstad
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - R J Bertelsen
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, N-5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - F G Real
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, N-5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - S Krauss-Etschmann
- Division of Experimental Asthma Research, Research Center Borstel, 23845 Borstel, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL) and Institute of Experimental Medicine, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - V Patil
- David Hide Asthma and Allergy Research Centre, St. Mary’s Hospital, Isle of Wight PO30 5TG, UK
| | - D Jarvis
- Faculty of Medicine, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College, London SW3 6LY, UK
| | - S H Arshad
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
- NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - J W Holloway
- Human Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - C Svanes
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, N-5018 Bergen, Norway
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Sahay A, Chinnaswamy G, Bhat V, Patil V, Gupta T, Shastri JG, Moyiadi A, Shetty P, Sridhar E. P14.50 Clinicopathological spectrum of intracranial germ cell tumors: an Indian tertiary cancer center experience. Neuro Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz126.285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Incidence of intracranial germ cell tumors (ICGCT) in Western literature is low (0.3–0.6 %) as compared to East Asia (3–4 %), & their clinicopathological features are well documented. However, there are scant studies on ICGCT from India.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Retrospective observational study of all ICGCT histologically diagnosed in our hospital from 2007–2018. Metastasis were excluded. Clinicopathological features were retrieved from hospital’s electronic medical records.
RESULTS
We diagnosed 82 primary ICGCT, forming approx. 0.54 % of all primary brain tumors, & 3.5% of pediatric brain tumors. Age range: 2 months-32 yrs (Median age 14 yrs). M:F ratio: 1.82:1 (53M,29F). Nearly 80% patients were pediatric (<18 yrs), & 8 very young (<3 yrs, 7M1F). Majority were suprasellar & pineal (31/82, 37% each), with one bifocal presentation. Other rarer sites: posterior fossa (4), midbrain (1), corpus callosum (1) & 11 non midline (4 thalamic, 4 frontal, 2 cerebellar, 1 CP angle). Predominant histology was germinoma (G) (51/82, 62%), while non germinomatous (NGGCT) were 31/82 (38%), of which 9 were mixed. Pure teratoma were 11 (9 immature (IT), 2 mature), & 5 pure yolk sac tumor (YST). Interestingly, all very young age group patients (<3 yrs), showed only NGGCT histology (5/8 IT, 3/8 pure YST). In contrast, G histology formed nearly 70% of all patients >3 yrs. Females were associated mainly with G (21/29, 72%). NGGCT were predominantly seen in males (M:F=2.9:1). Also, pure IT (9) were seen only in males. Posterior fossa tumors were all IT (4/4). Spinal tumors were NGGCT (1 mature teratoma, 1 YST). Majority of suprasellar tumors (25/31, 80.6%), other midline locations like corpus callosal, midbrain, & all thalamic tumors were G. However, pineal tumors showed equal distribution of G (15/31) & NGGCT (16/31). Spine screening was positive in 8 patients (6 G, 2 IT)- 7 on MRI and 1 only on CSF cytology. Serum tumor markers were raised in 13/54 cases- 6/34G(17.6%), vs 7/20 NGGCT (35%). CSF tumor markers were raised in 14/34-10/23 G (43.4%), vs 4/11 NGGCT (36.3%). Follow up was available for 37 patients (Duration 3 months-10 yrs, median 2 yrs). On f/u 6/15 (40%) NGGCT showed progression/death, while only 2/32 G relapsed (6.5%). Four deaths in G group were not directly attributable to the tumor.
CONCLUSION
Frequency of ICGCT in our hospital similar to western data rather than Asian, albeit with less striking male preponderance. ICGCT were tumors of 2nd decade & majority occurred in pineal/suprasellar areas. About 2/3rd were pure G on histology, and showed good prognosis. NGGCT were common in infants, males and in posterior fossa. IT were seen exclusively in males and pure YST mainly in males. Although majority of ICGCT are in midline, rarely non midline involvement also occurs, and it’s essential to exclude metastasis before considering primary ICGCT. Expectedly, NGGCT showed poorer prognosis, compared to pure germinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sahay
- Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
| | | | - V Bhat
- Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - V Patil
- Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - T Gupta
- Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
| | | | | | - P Shetty
- Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
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Ramaraj PN, Patil V, Singh R, George A, Vijayalakshmi G, Sharma M. Variations in the retromandibular approach to the condyle-transparotid versus anteroparotid transmasseteric - a prospective clinical comparative study. J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019; 121:14-18. [PMID: 31271891 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2019.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The management of mandibular condylar fracture remains controversial many surgeons still favour the open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) which provides good result and immediate functioning as compared to closed reduction. With proven consensus for ORIF, dilemma remains in choosing the surgical approach to condyle due to proximity of complex and important anatomic structure. Various extra-oral surgical approaches are available for ORIF including preauricular, submandibular, retromandibular, transmasseteric anteroparotid etc. Variations in retromandibular approach such as transparotid, retro-parotid and anteroparotid are reported in literature. In our study we compared the retromandibular transparotid and retromandibular anteroparotid transmasseteric variations. METHODOLOGY Thirty condylar fracture in 26 patients, 15 in each group (group A - Retromandibular transparotid approach & group B - Retromandibular anteroparotid approach) were treated under general anaesthesia with naos-tracheal intubation and by the same surgeon having 20 years of experience in maxillofacial surgeries. We evaluated time taken for the procedure, amount of bone exposure, intra-operative haemorrhage. Postoperative presence of infection, sinus and fistula formation at the incision site, parotid fistula formation, facial nerve functioning using House-Brackman scale in immediate postoperative period, 3rd month postoperatively and 6 month postoperatively. RESULT The mean average time taken for group A was 78.2minutes and mean average time taken for group B was 64.8minutes. None of the patient had haemorrhage intra-operatively in both the groups. Exposure was sufficient in both the groups with same length of the incision. None of the patient suffered from postoperative infection in both the groups. Parotid fistula formation was present in 2 patients in group A while none of the patient had parotid fistula in group B. Three patients out of 15 had the transient facial nerve weakness in group A which got resolved in 6 month while none of the patient had facial nerve weakness in group B. All patients had adequate mouth opening with no occlusal discrepancies. CONCLUSION Retromandibular anteroparotid approach as described in this study has proven to be an extremely useful approach provides good access, and associated with minimal complications and morbidity compare to retromandibular transparotid approach. It is hence safe to say that this approach is relatively useful for an inexperienced and novice surgeon as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- P N Ramaraj
- Department Of Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery, K.V.G Dental College and Hospital, Sullia, India
| | - V Patil
- Department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Nanded Rural Dental College & Hospital, Nanded, India
| | - R Singh
- Craniomaxillofacial trauma, Jabalpur Hospital & Research Centre, Jabalpur, India.
| | - A George
- Department Of Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery, K.V.G Dental College and Hospital, Sullia, India
| | - G Vijayalakshmi
- Department Of Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery, K.V.G Dental College and Hospital, Sullia, India
| | - M Sharma
- Consultant oral and maxillofacial surgeon, Jammu, India
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Saha C, Kothapalli P, Patil V, ManjunathaReddy GB, Kaveri SV, Bayry J. Intravenous immunoglobulin suppresses the polarization of both classically and alternatively activated macrophages. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2019; 16:233-239. [PMID: 30945973 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2019.1602434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is one of the widely used immunotherapeutic molecules in the therapy of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Previous reports demonstrate that one of the anti-inflammatory actions of IVIG implicates suppression of macrophage activation and release of their inflammatory mediators. However, macrophages are highly plastic and depending on the microenvironmental signals, macrophages can be polarized into pro-inflammatory classic (M1) or anti-inflammatory alternative (M2) type. This plasticity of macrophages raised additional questions on the role of IVIG towards macrophage polarization. In the present report, we show that IVIG affects the polarization of both classically and alternatively activated macrophages and this process is F(ab')2-independent. Our data thus indicate the lack of reciprocal regulation of inflammatory and non-inflammatory macrophages by IVIG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaitrali Saha
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe-Immunopathologie et Immunointervention Thérapeutique, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,UMR CNRS 6022, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Compiègne, France
| | - Prathap Kothapalli
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe-Immunopathologie et Immunointervention Thérapeutique, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Veerupaxagouda Patil
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe-Immunopathologie et Immunointervention Thérapeutique, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Gundallahalli Bayyappa ManjunathaReddy
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe-Immunopathologie et Immunointervention Thérapeutique, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Department of Veterinary Pathology, ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Bengaluru, India
| | - Srini V Kaveri
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe-Immunopathologie et Immunointervention Thérapeutique, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Jagadeesh Bayry
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe-Immunopathologie et Immunointervention Thérapeutique, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
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Malhotra M, Noronha V, Joshi A, Patil V, Wadhwa S, Prabhash K. Real-world experience of ALK positive NSCLC from India. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz063.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Wadhwa S, Krishnab G, Malhotra M, Prabhash K, Noronha V, Joshi A, Patil V, Mahajan A. Radiogenomic signatures of NSCLC brain metastases: A potential non-invasive imaging marker for ALK mutation. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Pape TB, Rosenow J, Herrold A, Livengood S, Kletzel S, Guernon A, Mallinson T, Bhaumik D, Pacheco M, Patil V, Parrish T, Conneely M. ReEnabling ConsciOus behaViors by Engaging dopamineRgic pathwaYs (RECOVERY). Brain Stimul 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2018.12.849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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