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Slimmen L, Schofield C, Horati H, Giacalone V, Kicic A, Stick S, Tirouvanziam R, Garratt L, Janssens H, Unger W. 377: Airway macrophages in early CF lung disease show signs of immune paralysis. J Cyst Fibros 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(21)01801-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Afantitis A, Melagraki G, Isigonis P, Tsoumanis A, Varsou DD, Valsami-Jones E, Papadiamantis A, Ellis LJA, Sarimveis H, Doganis P, Karatzas P, Tsiros P, Liampa I, Lobaskin V, Greco D, Serra A, Kinaret PAS, Saarimäki LA, Grafström R, Kohonen P, Nymark P, Willighagen E, Puzyn T, Rybinska-Fryca A, Lyubartsev A, Alstrup Jensen K, Brandenburg JG, Lofts S, Svendsen C, Harrison S, Maier D, Tamm K, Jänes J, Sikk L, Dusinska M, Longhin E, Rundén-Pran E, Mariussen E, El Yamani N, Unger W, Radnik J, Tropsha A, Cohen Y, Leszczynski J, Ogilvie Hendren C, Wiesner M, Winkler D, Suzuki N, Yoon TH, Choi JS, Sanabria N, Gulumian M, Lynch I. NanoSolveIT Project: Driving nanoinformatics research to develop innovative and integrated tools for in silico nanosafety assessment. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2020; 18:583-602. [PMID: 32226594 PMCID: PMC7090366 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2020.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology has enabled the discovery of a multitude of novel materials exhibiting unique physicochemical (PChem) properties compared to their bulk analogues. These properties have led to a rapidly increasing range of commercial applications; this, however, may come at a cost, if an association to long-term health and environmental risks is discovered or even just perceived. Many nanomaterials (NMs) have not yet had their potential adverse biological effects fully assessed, due to costs and time constraints associated with the experimental assessment, frequently involving animals. Here, the available NM libraries are analyzed for their suitability for integration with novel nanoinformatics approaches and for the development of NM specific Integrated Approaches to Testing and Assessment (IATA) for human and environmental risk assessment, all within the NanoSolveIT cloud-platform. These established and well-characterized NM libraries (e.g. NanoMILE, NanoSolutions, NANoREG, NanoFASE, caLIBRAte, NanoTEST and the Nanomaterial Registry (>2000 NMs)) contain physicochemical characterization data as well as data for several relevant biological endpoints, assessed in part using harmonized Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) methods and test guidelines. Integration of such extensive NM information sources with the latest nanoinformatics methods will allow NanoSolveIT to model the relationships between NM structure (morphology), properties and their adverse effects and to predict the effects of other NMs for which less data is available. The project specifically addresses the needs of regulatory agencies and industry to effectively and rapidly evaluate the exposure, NM hazard and risk from nanomaterials and nano-enabled products, enabling implementation of computational 'safe-by-design' approaches to facilitate NM commercialization.
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Key Words
- (quantitative) Structure–activity relationships
- AI, Artificial Intelligence
- AOPs, Adverse Outcome Pathways
- API, Application Programming interface
- CG, coarse-grained (model)
- CNTs, carbon nanotubes
- Computational toxicology
- Engineered nanomaterials
- FAIR, Findable Accessible Inter-operable and Re-usable
- GUI, Graphical Processing Unit
- HOMO-LUMO, Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital
- Hazard assessment
- IATA, Integrated Approaches to Testing and Assessment
- Integrated approach for testing and assessment
- KE, key events
- MIE, molecular initiating events
- ML, machine learning
- MOA, mechanism (mode) of action
- MWCNT, multi-walled carbon nanotubes
- Machine learning
- NMs, nanomaterials
- Nanoinformatics
- OECD, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
- PBPK, Physiologically Based PharmacoKinetics
- PC, Protein Corona
- PChem, Physicochemical
- PTGS, Predictive Toxicogenomics Space
- Predictive modelling
- QC, quantum-chemical
- QM, quantum-mechanical
- QSAR, quantitative structure-activity relationship
- QSPR, quantitative structure-property relationship
- RA, risk assessment
- REST, Representational State Transfer
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- Read across
- SAR, structure-activity relationship
- SMILES, Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry System
- SOPs, standard operating procedures
- Safe-by-design
- Toxicogenomics
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Eugenia Valsami-Jones
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT Birmingham, UK
| | - Anastasios Papadiamantis
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT Birmingham, UK
| | - Laura-Jayne A. Ellis
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT Birmingham, UK
| | - Haralambos Sarimveis
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 157 80 Athens, Greece
| | - Philip Doganis
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 157 80 Athens, Greece
| | - Pantelis Karatzas
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 157 80 Athens, Greece
| | - Periklis Tsiros
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 157 80 Athens, Greece
| | - Irene Liampa
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 157 80 Athens, Greece
| | - Vladimir Lobaskin
- School of Physics, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Dario Greco
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, University of Tampere, FI-33014, Finland
| | - Angela Serra
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, University of Tampere, FI-33014, Finland
| | | | | | - Roland Grafström
- Misvik Biology OY, Itäinen Pitkäkatu 4, 20520 Turku, Finland
- Karolinska Institute, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nobels väg 13, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pekka Kohonen
- Misvik Biology OY, Itäinen Pitkäkatu 4, 20520 Turku, Finland
- Karolinska Institute, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nobels väg 13, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Penny Nymark
- Misvik Biology OY, Itäinen Pitkäkatu 4, 20520 Turku, Finland
- Karolinska Institute, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nobels väg 13, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Egon Willighagen
- Department of Bioinformatics – BiGCaT, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Tomasz Puzyn
- QSAR Lab Ltd., Aleja Grunwaldzka 190/102, 80-266 Gdansk, Poland
- University of Gdansk, Faculty of Chemistry, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | | | - Alexander Lyubartsev
- Institutionen för material- och miljökemi, Stockholms Universitet, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Keld Alstrup Jensen
- The National Research Center for the Work Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jan Gerit Brandenburg
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Heidelberg University, Germany
- Chief Digital Organization, Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Str. 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Stephen Lofts
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Library Ave, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4AP, UK
| | - Claus Svendsen
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, MacLean Bldg, Benson Ln, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Samuel Harrison
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Library Ave, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4AP, UK
| | - Dieter Maier
- Biomax Informatics AG, Robert-Koch-Str. 2, 82152 Planegg, Germany
| | - Kaido Tamm
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ülikooli 18, 50090 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jaak Jänes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ülikooli 18, 50090 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Lauri Sikk
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ülikooli 18, 50090 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Maria Dusinska
- NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Instituttveien 18, 2002 Kjeller, Norway
| | - Eleonora Longhin
- NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Instituttveien 18, 2002 Kjeller, Norway
| | - Elise Rundén-Pran
- NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Instituttveien 18, 2002 Kjeller, Norway
| | - Espen Mariussen
- NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Instituttveien 18, 2002 Kjeller, Norway
| | - Naouale El Yamani
- NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Instituttveien 18, 2002 Kjeller, Norway
| | - Wolfgang Unger
- Federal Institute for Material Testing and Research (BAM), Unter den Eichen 44-46, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jörg Radnik
- Federal Institute for Material Testing and Research (BAM), Unter den Eichen 44-46, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Tropsha
- Eschelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 100K Beard Hall, CB# 7568, Chapel Hill, NC 27955-7568, USA
| | - Yoram Cohen
- Samueli School Of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, 5531 Boelter Hall, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jerzy Leszczynski
- Interdisciplinary Nanotoxicity Center, Jackson State University, 1400 J. R. Lynch Street, Jackson, MS 39217, USA
| | - Christine Ogilvie Hendren
- Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnologies, Duke University, 121 Hudson Hall, Durham, NC 27708-0287, USA
| | - Mark Wiesner
- Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnologies, Duke University, 121 Hudson Hall, Durham, NC 27708-0287, USA
| | - David Winkler
- La Trobe Institute of Molecular Sciences, La Trobe University, Plenty Rd & Kingsbury Dr, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville 3052, Australia
- CSIRO Data61, Clayton 3168, Australia
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Noriyuki Suzuki
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0053, Japan
| | - Tae Hyun Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Next Generation Material Design, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang-Sik Choi
- Institute of Next Generation Material Design, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Natasha Sanabria
- National Health Laboratory Services, 1 Modderfontein Rd, Sandringham, Johannesburg 2192, South Africa
| | - Mary Gulumian
- National Health Laboratory Services, 1 Modderfontein Rd, Sandringham, Johannesburg 2192, South Africa
- Haematology and Molecular Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Iseult Lynch
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT Birmingham, UK
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Donskyi I, Drüke M, Silberreis K, Lauster D, Ludwig K, Kühne C, Unger W, Böttcher C, Herrmann A, Dernedde J, Adeli M, Haag R. Interactions of Fullerene-Polyglycerol Sulfates at Viral and Cellular Interfaces. Small 2018; 14:e1800189. [PMID: 29575636 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201800189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanism of interactions of nanomaterials at biointerfaces is a crucial issue to develop new antimicrobial vectors. In this work, a series of water-soluble fullerene-polyglycerol sulfates (FPS) with different fullerene/polymer weight ratios and varying numbers of polyglycerol sulfate branches are synthesized, characterized, and their interactions with two distinct surfaces displaying proteins involved in target cell recognition are investigated. The combination of polyanionic branches with a solvent exposed variable hydrophobic core in FPS proves to be superior to analogs possessing only one of these features in preventing interaction of vesicular stomatitis virus coat glycoprotein (VSV-G) with baby hamster kidney cells serving as a model of host cell. Interference with L-selectin-ligand binding is dominated by the negative charge, which is studied by two assays: a competitive surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based inhibition assay and the leukocyte cell (NALM-6) rolling on ligands under flow conditions. Due to possible intrinsic hydrophobic and electrostatic effects of synthesized compounds, pico- to nanomolar half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50 ) are achieved. With their highly antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties, together with good biocompatibility, FPS are promising candidates for the future development towards biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ievgen Donskyi
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
- Division of Surface Analysis and Interfacial Chemistry, BAM - Federal Institute for Material Science and Testing, Unter den Eichen 44-46, 12205, Berlin, Germany
| | - Moritz Drüke
- Department of Biology & IRI Life Sciences, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Invalidenstr. 42, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kim Silberreis
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin, Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, CVK, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Lauster
- Department of Biology & IRI Life Sciences, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Invalidenstr. 42, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kai Ludwig
- Forschungszentrum für Elektronenmikroskopie and Core Facility BioSupraMol, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstr. 36a, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Kühne
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin, Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, CVK, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Unger
- Division of Surface Analysis and Interfacial Chemistry, BAM - Federal Institute for Material Science and Testing, Unter den Eichen 44-46, 12205, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Böttcher
- Forschungszentrum für Elektronenmikroskopie and Core Facility BioSupraMol, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstr. 36a, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Herrmann
- Department of Biology & IRI Life Sciences, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Invalidenstr. 42, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Dernedde
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin, Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, CVK, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mohsen Adeli
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Lorestan University, 44316-68151, Khorram Abad, Iran
| | - Rainer Haag
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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Abstract
We present the computation of invariants that arise in the strong coupling expansion of lattice QCD. These invariants are needed for Monte Carlo simulations of Lattice QCD with staggered fermions in a dual, color singlet representation. This formulation is in particular useful to tame the finite density sign problem. The gauge integrals in this limiting case β → 0 are well known, but the gauge integrals needed to study the gauge corrections are more involved. We discuss a method to evaluate such integrals. The phase boundary of lattice QCD for staggered fermions in the μB – T plane has been established in the strong coupling limit. We present numerical simulations away from the strong coupling limit, taking into account the higher order gauge corrections via plaquette occupation numbers. This allows to study the nuclear and chiral transition as a function of β.
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Kaur I, Ellis LJ, Romer I, Tantra R, Carriere M, Allard S, Mayne-L'Hermite M, Minelli C, Unger W, Potthoff A, Rades S, Valsami-Jones E. Dispersion of Nanomaterials in Aqueous Media: Towards Protocol Optimization. J Vis Exp 2017. [PMID: 29364209 PMCID: PMC5908381 DOI: 10.3791/56074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The sonication process is commonly used for de-agglomerating and dispersing nanomaterials in aqueous based media, necessary to improve homogeneity and stability of the suspension. In this study, a systematic step-wise approach is carried out to identify optimal sonication conditions in order to achieve a stable dispersion. This approach has been adopted and shown to be suitable for several nanomaterials (cerium oxide, zinc oxide, and carbon nanotubes) dispersed in deionized (DI) water. However, with any change in either the nanomaterial type or dispersing medium, there needs to be optimization of the basic protocol by adjusting various factors such as sonication time, power, and sonicator type as well as temperature rise during the process. The approach records the dispersion process in detail. This is necessary to identify the time points as well as other above-mentioned conditions during the sonication process in which there may be undesirable changes, such as damage to the particle surface thus affecting surface properties. Our goal is to offer a harmonized approach that can control the quality of the final, produced dispersion. Such a guideline is instrumental in ensuring dispersion quality repeatability in the nanoscience community, particularly in the field of nanotoxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inder Kaur
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham;
| | - Laura-Jayne Ellis
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham
| | - Isabella Romer
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham
| | - Ratna Tantra
- Analytical Science, National Physical Laboratory
| | | | - Soline Allard
- NIMBE, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay
| | | | - Caterina Minelli
- Chemical, Medical and Environmental Science, National Physical Laboratory
| | - Wolfgang Unger
- BAM Division 6.1 'Surface Analysis and Interfacial Chemistry', BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing
| | | | - Steffi Rades
- BAM Division 6.1 'Surface Analysis and Interfacial Chemistry', BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing
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Grötzsch D, Streeck C, Nietzold C, Malzer W, Mantouvalou I, Nutsch A, Dietrich P, Unger W, Beckhoff B, Kanngießer B. A sealable ultrathin window sample cell for the study of liquids by means of soft X-ray spectroscopy. Rev Sci Instrum 2017; 88:123112. [PMID: 29289209 DOI: 10.1063/1.5006122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A new sample cell concept for the analysis of liquids or solid-liquid interfaces using soft X-ray spectroscopy is presented, which enables the complete sealing of the cell as well as the transport into vacuum via, for example, a load-lock system. The cell uses pressure monitoring and active as well as passive pressure regulation systems, thereby facilitating the full control over the pressure during filling, sealing, evacuation, and measurement. The cell design and sample preparation as well as the crucial sealing procedure are explained in detail. As a first proof-of-principle experiment, successful nitrogen K-edge fluorescence yield near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure experiments of a biomolecular solution are presented. For this purpose, it is shown that the careful evaluation of all involved parameters, such as window type or photon flux, is desirable for optimizing the experimental result.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Grötzsch
- Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstr. 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - C Streeck
- Physikalisch Technische Bundesanstalt, Abbestr. 2-12, 10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - C Nietzold
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung, Unter den Eichen 87, 12205 Berlin, Germany
| | - W Malzer
- Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstr. 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - I Mantouvalou
- Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstr. 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - A Nutsch
- Physikalisch Technische Bundesanstalt, Abbestr. 2-12, 10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - P Dietrich
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung, Unter den Eichen 87, 12205 Berlin, Germany
| | - W Unger
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung, Unter den Eichen 87, 12205 Berlin, Germany
| | - B Beckhoff
- Physikalisch Technische Bundesanstalt, Abbestr. 2-12, 10587 Berlin, Germany
| | - B Kanngießer
- Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstr. 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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Hentrich D, Taabache S, Brezesinski G, Lange N, Unger W, Kübel C, Bertin A, Taubert A. A Dendritic Amphiphile for Efficient Control of Biomimetic Calcium Phosphate Mineralization. Macromol Biosci 2017; 17. [PMID: 28418231 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201600524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The phase behavior of a dendritic amphiphile containing a Newkome-type dendron as the hydrophilic moiety and a cholesterol unit as the hydrophobic segment is investigated at the air-liquid interface. The amphiphile forms stable monomolecular films at the air-liquid interface on different subphases. Furthermore, the mineralization of calcium phosphate beneath the monolayer at different calcium and phosphate concentrations versus mineralization time shows that at low calcium and phosphate concentrations needles form, whereas flakes and spheres dominate at higher concentrations. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and electron diffraction confirm the formation of calcium phosphate. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction confirm the predominant formation of octacalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite. The data also indicate that the final products form via a complex multistep reaction, including an association step, where nano-needles aggregate into larger flake-like objects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doreen Hentrich
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Soraya Taabache
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), 12205, Berlin, Germany.,Fraunhofer ICT-IMM, 55129, Mainz, Germany
| | - Gerald Brezesinski
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Nele Lange
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Division 6.1 "Surface Analysis and Interfacial Chemistry,", 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Unger
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Division 6.1 "Surface Analysis and Interfacial Chemistry,", 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Kübel
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility (KNMF) & Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Annabelle Bertin
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), 12205, Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Taubert
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
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de Forcrand P, Langelage J, Philipsen O, Unger W. Lattice QCD phase diagram in and away from the strong coupling limit. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 113:152002. [PMID: 25375704 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.152002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We study lattice QCD with four flavors of staggered quarks. In the limit of infinite gauge coupling, "dual" variables can be introduced, which render the finite-density sign problem mild and allow a full determination of the μ-T phase diagram by Monte Carlo simulations, also in the chiral limit. However, the continuum limit coincides with the weak coupling limit. We propose a strong-coupling expansion approach towards the continuum limit. We show first results, including the phase diagram and its chiral critical point, from this expansion truncated at next-to-leading order.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ph de Forcrand
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland and CERN, Physics Department, TH Unit, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - J Langelage
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - O Philipsen
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - W Unger
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Rades
- Division 6.8 Surface Analysis and Interfacial Chemistry; Federal Institute of Materials Research and Testing; Unter den Eichen 87 12205 Berlin Germany
| | - T. Wirth
- Division 6.8 Surface Analysis and Interfacial Chemistry; Federal Institute of Materials Research and Testing; Unter den Eichen 87 12205 Berlin Germany
| | - W. Unger
- Division 6.8 Surface Analysis and Interfacial Chemistry; Federal Institute of Materials Research and Testing; Unter den Eichen 87 12205 Berlin Germany
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11
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Abou-Ras D, Caballero R, Fischer CH, Kaufmann CA, Lauermann I, Mainz R, Mönig H, Schöpke A, Stephan C, Streeck C, Schorr S, Eicke A, Döbeli M, Gade B, Hinrichs J, Nunney T, Dijkstra H, Hoffmann V, Klemm D, Efimova V, Bergmaier A, Dollinger G, Wirth T, Unger W, Rockett AA, Perez-Rodriguez A, Alvarez-Garcia J, Izquierdo-Roca V, Schmid T, Choi PP, Müller M, Bertram F, Christen J, Khatri H, Collins RW, Marsillac S, Kötschau I. Comprehensive comparison of various techniques for the analysis of elemental distributions in thin films. Microsc Microanal 2011; 17:728-751. [PMID: 21906418 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927611000523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The present work shows results on elemental distribution analyses in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin films for solar cells performed by use of wavelength-dispersive and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX) in a scanning electron microscope, EDX in a transmission electron microscope, X-ray photoelectron, angle-dependent soft X-ray emission, secondary ion-mass (SIMS), time-of-flight SIMS, sputtered neutral mass, glow-discharge optical emission and glow-discharge mass, Auger electron, and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry, by use of scanning Auger electron microscopy, Raman depth profiling, and Raman mapping, as well as by use of elastic recoil detection analysis, grazing-incidence X-ray and electron backscatter diffraction, and grazing-incidence X-ray fluorescence analysis. The Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin films used for the present comparison were produced during the same identical deposition run and exhibit thicknesses of about 2 μm. The analysis techniques were compared with respect to their spatial and depth resolutions, measuring speeds, availabilities, and detection limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Abou-Ras
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany.
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12
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13
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Bax M, Unger W, Kaur Singh S, McKenzie EJ, Litjens M, Garcia-Vallejo JJ, Saeland E, van Vliet SJ, Crocker PR, van Kooyk Y. Targeting siglec-E on murine dendritic cells inhibits antigen presentation and CD4 and CD8 t cell responses. Ann Rheum Dis 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/ard.2010.129627s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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14
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Raessler M, Wissuwa B, Breul A, Unger W, Grimm T. Determination of water-extractable nonstructural carbohydrates, including inulin, in grass samples with high-performance anion exchange chromatography and pulsed amperometric detection. J Agric Food Chem 2008; 56:7649-7654. [PMID: 18698790 DOI: 10.1021/jf800973v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The exact and reliable determination of carbohydrates in plant samples of different origin is of great importance with respect to plant physiology. Additionally, the identification and quantification of carbohydrates are necessary for the evaluation of the impact of these compounds on the biogeochemistry of carbon. To attain this goal, it is necessary to analyze a great number of samples with both high sensitivity and selectivity within a limited time frame. This paper presents a rugged and easy method that allows the isocratic chromatographic determination of 12 carbohydrates and sugar alcohols from one sample within 30 min. The method was successfully applied to a variety of plant materials with particular emphasis on perennial ryegrass samples of the species Lolium perenne. The method was easily extended to the analysis of the polysaccharide inulin after its acidic hydrolysis into the corresponding monomers without the need for substantial change of chromatographic conditions or even the use of enzymes. It therefore offers a fundamental advantage for the analysis of the complex mixture of nonstructural carbohydrates often found in plant samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Raessler
- Max-Planck-Institut für Biogeochemie, Hans-Knoell-Strasse 10, D-07745 Jena, Germany.
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Senoner M, Wirth T, Unger W, Österle W, Kaiander I, Sellin RL, Bimberg D. BAM-L002-a new type of certified reference material for length calibration and testing of lateral resolution in the nanometre range. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.1936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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16
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Andringa G, van Oosten RV, Unger W, Hafmans TG, Veening J, Stoof JC, Cools AR. Systemic administration of the propargylamine CGP 3466B prevents behavioural and morphological deficits in rats with 6-hydroxydopamine-induced lesions in the substantia nigra. Eur J Neurosci 2000; 12:3033-43. [PMID: 10971644 DOI: 10.1046/j.1460-9568.2000.00181.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The ability of CGP 3466B to attenuate the behavioural and morphological consequences of experimentally induced cell death was investigated in a recently updated animal model of Parkinson's disease. 6-Hydroxydopamine was infused bilaterally into the substantia nigra pars compacta of rats that were pretreated with desimipramine. Treatment with CGP 3466B (0.0014-1.4 mg/kg, injected subcutaneously) or its solvent was begun 2 h after the 6-OHDA injection, and maintained twice daily for 14 days. After a washout period of 14 days, changes in motor behaviour were evaluated, using the open field test (analysis of normal and abnormal stepping, e.g.) and the paw test (analysis of retraction time of limbs). Changes in learning and memory were evaluated with the help of the Morris water maze task. Following immunocytochemical staining of tyrosine hydroxylase, the extent of the lesion was quantified using a computerized system. CGP 3466B prevented all deficits produced by 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), though at different doses. It prevented: abnormal stepping (0.0014-0.014 mg/kg); increased forelimb and hindlimb retraction time (0.014-0.14 mg/kg and 0.0014-0.14 mg/kg, respectively); delayed learning (1.4 mg/kg); and reduced tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity in the substantia nigra (0.0014-0.014 mg/kg). CGP 3466B (0.0014-0.14 mg/kg) induced no deficits in sham-treated rats. CGP 3466B (1.4 mg/kg), however, did not show any benefit on motor deficits in 6-OHDA-lesioned rats, and induced abnormal movements and decreased the tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity in the substantia nigra pars compacta and the ventral tegmental area of sham-lesioned animals. It is concluded that CGP 3466B prevents all 6-OHDA-induced behavioural and immunocytochemical deficits, though at different doses. CGP 3466B is suggested to be a valuable agent for inhibiting the dopaminergic degeneration in patients with Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Andringa
- Department of Psychoneuropharmacology, University of Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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17
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Abstract
An in vivo study was conducted to study repair processes in the injured rabbit outflow system. A uniform injury was produced by raising intraocular pressure (IOP) manometrically to 70 mmHg for 1 h. The recovery process, which was followed clinically for 8 weeks and morphologically for 6 weeks, led to the re-establishment of normal meshwork architecture within this period. The morphological studies included light microscopy, autoradiography and electron microscopy. The initial lesion consisted of large deficits in the meshwork with breakdown of cell-to-cell connections, loss of extracellular materials and disruption of the vessels of the aqueous plexus. There was a significant lowering of IOP in the first week of recovery, which thereafter climbed back to normal. Also in the first week the meshwork became infiltrated with inflammatory cells which cleared by 4 weeks. There was some meshwork cell death by either necrosis or apoptosis. The majority of meshwork cells became activated within the first few days and remained activated for at least the first 2 weeks. Tritiated proline incorporation was maximal between 1 and 2 weeks. Tritiated thymidine labelling was seen throughout, but only after the inflammation subsided was it clear that meshwork cells in all regions of the meshwork were proliferating. Our study provided no evidence that normal meshwork cells have a basal proliferative turnover level. Our injury model involved complete repair of the outflow tissues and that required meshwork cells to become activated, mobilise, undertake synthetic activity and proliferate. This is the first example, other than argon laser trabeculoplasty, where meshwork cells in vivo have been induced to divide. Possible therapeutic implications for glaucoma are discussed.
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18
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Gross T, Lippitz A, Unger W, G�ttler B. Uncertainty in measurement of overlayer thickness of thermally oxidized silicon using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2000. [DOI: 10.1002/1096-9918(200012)29:12<891::aid-sia943>3.0.co;2-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Dallob AL, Sadick NS, Unger W, Lipert S, Geissler LA, Gregoire SL, Nguyen HH, Moore EC, Tanaka WK. The effect of finasteride, a 5 alpha-reductase inhibitor, on scalp skin testosterone and dihydrotestosterone concentrations in patients with male pattern baldness. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1994; 79:703-6. [PMID: 8077349 DOI: 10.1210/jcem.79.3.8077349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The effects of the 5 alpha-reductase inhibitor, finasteride, on scalp skin testosterone (T) and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) levels were studied in patients with male pattern baldness. In a double blind study, male patients undergoing hair transplantation were treated with oral finasteride (5 mg/day) or placebo for 28 days. Scalp skin biopsies were obtained before and after treatment for measurement of T and DHT by high pressure liquid chromatography-RIA. In 10 male subjects studied at baseline, mean (+/- SEM) DHT levels were significantly higher in bald (7.37 +/- 1.24 pmol/g) compared to hair-containing (4.20 +/- 0.65 pmol/g) scalp, whereas there was no difference in mean T levels at baseline. In bald scalp from 8 patients treated with finasteride, the mean DHT concentration decreased from 6.40 +/- 1.07 pmol/g at baseline to 3.62 +/- 0.38 pmol/g on day 28. Scalp T levels increased in 6 of 8 subjects treated with finasteride. Finasteride decreased the mean serum DHT concentration from 1.36 +/- 0.18 nmol/L (n = 8) at baseline to 0.46 +/- 0.10 nmol/L on day 28 and had no effect on serum T. There were no significant changes in scalp or serum T or DHT in placebo-treated patients. In this study, male subjects treated with 5 mg/day finasteride for 4 weeks had significantly decreased concentrations of DHT in bald scalp, resulting in a mean level similar to the baseline levels found in hair-containing scalp.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Dallob
- Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065
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21
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22
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Abstract
Tryptanthrin (1), indole-3-acetonitrile (2) and p-coumaric acid methylester (3) were isolated from the aerial parts of Isatis tinctoria L. The compounds show insecticidal and anti-feedant activity against termites (Reticulitermis santonensis), insect preventive and control activity against larvae of the house longhorn beetle (Hylotrupes bajulus) and fungicidal activity against the brown-rot fungus (Coniophora puteana).
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Affiliation(s)
- K Seifert
- Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie I/2 NW II, Universität Bayreuth, Bundesrepublik Deutschland
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Affiliation(s)
- W Unger
- Department of Medicine (Dermatology), University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Yang TS, Peat J, Keena V, Donnelly P, Unger W, Woolcock A. A review of the racial differences in the lung function of normal Caucasian, Chinese and Indian subjects. Eur Respir J 1991. [DOI: 10.1183/09031936.93.04070872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In the clinic, predicted normal values are widely used for routine assessments and, therefore, it is important that the noted differences in lung volumes between the races are recognized. Further epidemiological studies, using comparative methods and standard statistical techniques, are essential in order to quantify apparent differences between the races and to standardize normal values for race, especially with regard to age, with greater accuracy.
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Yang TS, Peat J, Keena V, Donnelly P, Unger W, Woolcock A. A review of the racial differences in the lung function of normal Caucasian, Chinese and Indian subjects. Eur Respir J 1991; 4:872-80. [PMID: 1955009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In the clinic, predicted normal values are widely used for routine assessments and, therefore, it is important that the noted differences in lung volumes between the races are recognized. Further epidemiological studies, using comparative methods and standard statistical techniques, are essential in order to quantify apparent differences between the races and to standardize normal values for race, especially with regard to age, with greater accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Yang
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
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26
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Cabral L, Unger W, Boulton M, Lightfoot R, McKechnie N, Grierson I, Marshall J. Regional distribution of lysosomal enzymes in the canine retinal pigment epithelium. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1990; 31:670-6. [PMID: 2335435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We have investigated the activities of four lysosomal enzymes in RPE cells isolated from three regions of the canine fundus: the tapetal area, the central pigmented area and the peripheral area. The results obtained with freshly isolated cells showed that the activities of acid phosphatase, B-glucuronidase and N-acetyl-B-glucosaminidase were significantly higher in RPE cells derived from the peripheral region when compared to those from the two central regions. In contrast, the activity of cathepsin D was significantly higher in the tapetal region than in the periphery. The regional distribution of both acid phosphatase and B-glucuronidase observed in fresh RPE cells was progressively lost when these cells were grown in culture. Estimations of photoreceptor density per RPE cell from each of the regions indicated that the number of photoreceptors per RPE cell did not vary significantly with retinal location and suggested that variations in enzyme content were not related to differences in photoreceptor cell distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Cabral
- Department of Clinical Ophthalmology, Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom
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27
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Abstract
A microsystem to assay the activity of lysosomal enzymes in a small number of cultured RPE cells is described. The activities of acid phosphatase, a-mannosidase, B-glucuronidase and N-acetyl-B-glucosaminidase were estimated in different human RPE cultures of varying passages. Some biochemical characteristics for each of the enzyme assays were studied including the effect of pH, the saturating concentrations of the appropriate substrates and the relationship between the enzyme activity and the number of cells assayed. The method presented is straightforward, avoids complicated tissue fractionation procedures and is able to estimate enzyme activities in as few as 10(4) cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Cabral
- Department of Clinical Ophthalmology, Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
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Tobin AB, Unger W, Osborne NN. Evidence for the presence of serotonergic nerves and receptors in the iris-ciliary body complex of the rabbit. J Neurosci 1988; 8:3713-21. [PMID: 3193177 PMCID: PMC6569612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The rabbit iris-ciliary body contains 78 +/- 6 ng/gm serotonin (5-HT) while the amine content in the aqueous humor is less than 0.01 ng/100 microliter. The low levels of endogenous 5-HT in the iris-ciliary body could not be directly detected by immunocytochemistry. However, pretreatment in vivo and in vitro with L-tryptophan and pargyline resulted in the localization of a sparse population of 5-HT fibers. These fibers could not be studied by exposing the tissue to exogenous 5-HT since the amine was taken up by noradrenergic fibers as well. This was confirmed in studies involving superior cervical ganglionectomy. It is concluded that 5-HT is taken up by both serotonergic and adrenergic fibers of the iris-ciliary body. In the presence of lithium, 5-HT stimulated an increase in the 3H-inositol phosphate accumulation in a dose-dependent manner in tissue where the phosphoinositide pool was labeled with 3H-inositol. A variety of agonists and antagonists were used to show that the 5-HT response is mediated, at least partly, by 5-HT2 receptors. The 5-HT-mediated effect on inositol phosphates is unaffected by superior cervical ganglionectomy. The effect of noradrenaline, which also stimulates inositol phosphate accumulation (but via alpha 1-adrenergic receptors in the iris-ciliary body), was elevated following superior cervical ganglionectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Tobin
- Nuffield Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Oxford University, United Kingdom
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29
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Abstract
In this review of the literature evidence is provided from clinical, histological and experimental sources that inflammatory processes play a central role in the pathogenesis of contractile epiretinal membranes and proliferative vitreoretinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Gilbert
- Pathology Department, Institute of Ophthalmology, London
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Fischer U, Freyse EJ, Albrecht G, Gebel G, Heil M, Unger W. Daily glucose and insulin rhythms in diabetic dogs on the artificial beta cell. Exp Clin Endocrinol 1985; 85:27-37. [PMID: 3157593 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1210416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The circadian periods of plasma glucose, insulin and alpha-amino nitrogen (alpha-AN) were studied in fed and fasting normal and diabetic dogs which were fed either beef or beef supplemented with carbohydrates (CH). The diabetics were either withdrawn from insulin supply or treated with an artificial beta cell (ABC) or infused a constant insulin dose (CI).--There was a significant daily glucose rhythm in normal fasting animals and in fasting diabetics on CI or on insulin withdrawal. In the fed controls, the phase of the rhythms depends on carbohydrate content of food. In CH-free fed controls the insulin maxima were related to alpha-AN but in CH-fed controls they were related to glycemia. Due to the mechanism of ABC-provided insulin dosage, the phases of glucose and of insulin oscillations were correlated in all diabetics on ABC. Thus even if the mean glucose level is normalized by ABC the intrinsic phase relations remain altered.--It is concluded that the daily glucose periodicity is based on endogenous rhythms in glucose production and utilization and is essentially independent of current insulin provision. But it is governed by the meals as main "Zeitgebers" and modified by the actual insulin supply.
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Abstract
Meshwork cells from the bovine outflow system were grown in culture and their growth characteristics and behaviour in vitro reported. The cells were studied by inverted phase microscopy and time-lapse cinephotomicrography. It was found that plating efficiency was highest for third and seventh passage cells. These cells reached confluence within 2 weeks when plated out at 7.5 X 10(3) cells cm-2 in a conventional culture medium containing 10% serum. Third passage cells were studied in greatest detail. These cells exhibited postconfluence contact inhibition of division. By 2 weeks postconfluence the division rate decreased 10-fold to a level of less than six divisions per thousand cells per day. The contact inhibition was not overcome by increasing the serum content of the medium. On the other hand, a 30-fold increased division rate could be produced after scratching the culture flask. Postconfluent contact-inhibited cultures were considered to be a better reflection of the behaviour and activities of meshwork cells in vivo than cultures which retain a high level of division.
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Abstract
Adenylate kinase activity was measured in 41 samples of cerebrospinal fluid in 34 patients with various neurological disorders or psychiatric symptomatologies. Activities of the enzyme showed to be linked to clinically estimated acuteness or progression of the changes in the central nervous system at the time of specimen collection. The findings suggest the conclusion that determination of adenylate kinase activity in cerebrospinal fluid is a meaningful tool for the evaluation of progression and/or acuteness of central nervous system disorders.
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Bayer PM, Wider G, Unger W, Köhn H, Hajdusich P, Hotschek H. [Variant creatine kinase isoenzymes: frequency and clinical significance (author's transl)]. Klin Wochenschr 1982; 60:365-9. [PMID: 7078032 DOI: 10.1007/bf01721627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
To estimate the incidence of variant creatine kinase (CK)isoenzymes, 1,191 unselected patients were screened by means of CK:CK - MB ratio. When CK - MB was higher than 20% of the total CK in the immunoinhibition test, and a myocardial infarction could be excluded, a CK-isoenzyme electrophoresis was performed. We found macro-CK-BB-emia in 13 patients, but only three of them had elevated total CK activity. All patients but two were at the typical age of over 60 years; two males were 2 and 9 years old. The clinical diagnosis in macro-CK-BB-emia was predominantly cardiocerebrovascular insufficiency due to arteriosclerosis. In 16 other patients, the presence of an isoenzyme migrating cathodically to CK-MM was found. In this group, a malignant metastatic tumor was found in eight cases, the rest predominantly suffered from severe liver disease. Presence of both variant CK isoenzymes may lead to diagnostic or therapeutic errors due to the altered CK:CK-MB ratio. According to our studies, a variant CK isoenzyme occurs in 2.6% of hospitalized patients, but this will lead to problems diagnosing acute myocardial infarction only in the group with elevated total CK (0.42% of our patients).
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Unger W. Federal employees' health insurance: largest competitive health program faces a crisis. Hosp Financ Manage 1982; 36:18-20, 24, 26-30. [PMID: 10254530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Bayer PM, Boehm M, Hajdusich P, Hotschek H, Koehn H, Unger W, Wider G. Immunoinhibition and automated column chromatography compared for assay of creatine kinase isoenzyme MB in serum. Clin Chem 1982; 28:166-9. [PMID: 7055904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
We examined sera from six different groups of patients for CK-MB activity by means of two commercially available tests, an immunoinhibition method (E. Merck) and the CK-MB test as used with the aca (Du Pont). In the first group of patients (suspicion of myocardial infarction) the correlation between the two methods was good: r = 0.9191, y = 1.068x -- 0.888, x = 18.7 U/L, y = 19.0 U/L. In the second group, patients with high adenylate kinase activity, no interference was detectable on the aca, whereas the immunoinhibition method yielded falsely high CK-MB values. The third group consisted of persons with macro-CK-BB in their serum. In the immunoinhibition test these patients usually showed a high CK-MB:total CK ratio, whereas such results were rarely found for the aca. The fourth group, patients with a different electrophoretic mobility of their CK-isoenzymes (migration of an active band towards the cathode), were detected by the immunoinhibition method (high ratio of CK-MB to total CK), but not with the aca. In the presence of free CK-BB (group five) the immunoinhibition test resulted in "falsely" high CK-MB values, whereas CK-BB was retained on the column of the aca. In skeletal muscle diseases (group six) results by the two methods differed, values for CK-MB on the aca being much higher. It was demonstrated experimentally that this was due to CK-MM with altered surface charge.
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Bayer PM, Boehm M, Hajdusich P, Hotschek H, Koehn H, Unger W, Wider G. Immunoinhibition and automated column chromatography compared for assay of creatine kinase isoenzyme MB in serum. Clin Chem 1982. [DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/28.1.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
We examined sera from six different groups of patients for CK-MB activity by means of two commercially available tests, an immunoinhibition method (E. Merck) and the CK-MB test as used with the aca (Du Pont). In the first group of patients (suspicion of myocardial infarction) the correlation between the two methods was good: r = 0.9191, y = 1.068x -- 0.888, x = 18.7 U/L, y = 19.0 U/L. In the second group, patients with high adenylate kinase activity, no interference was detectable on the aca, whereas the immunoinhibition method yielded falsely high CK-MB values. The third group consisted of persons with macro-CK-BB in their serum. In the immunoinhibition test these patients usually showed a high CK-MB:total CK ratio, whereas such results were rarely found for the aca. The fourth group, patients with a different electrophoretic mobility of their CK-isoenzymes (migration of an active band towards the cathode), were detected by the immunoinhibition method (high ratio of CK-MB to total CK), but not with the aca. In the presence of free CK-BB (group five) the immunoinhibition test resulted in "falsely" high CK-MB values, whereas CK-BB was retained on the column of the aca. In skeletal muscle diseases (group six) results by the two methods differed, values for CK-MB on the aca being much higher. It was demonstrated experimentally that this was due to CK-MM with altered surface charge.
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Bayer PM, Böhm M, Unger W, Wider G, Hotschek H, Köhn H. [Determination of creatine kinase isoenzymes]. Med Lab (Stuttg) 1981; 34:216-21. [PMID: 7040927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Abstract
Two cases of intermittent obstruction of the esophagus by the laxative Agiolax, proven by endoscopy and barium swallow, are described. The patients took an overdose of one and two tablespoons of Agiolax, respectively; they had no disorders of the esophagus. Symptoms of obstruction subsided spontaneously after 24 and 36 hours respectively.
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Scholda G, Gergely T, Wider G, Unger W, Aberham R, Bayer PM. [Electrolyte determination in lipemic serum samples]. Med Lab (Stuttg) 1979; 32:281-92. [PMID: 542185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Bayer PM, Unger W, Gergely TW, Gabl F. Activity of acid phosphatase in infancy and childhood. Clin Chem 1978; 24:2207-8. [PMID: 719874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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43
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Unger W. [Financing possibilities as an adjustment element against hygienic and medico-technical demands in planning, arrangement and management of hospitals]. Gesund Ing 1977; 98:181-5. [PMID: 873183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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44
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Unger W, Ortner H, Benke A. [Distraneurin (Chlormethiazol) as an anaesthetic for high-risk cases in ophthalmology (author's transl)]. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 1976; 168:341-5. [PMID: 966564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A new anaesthesia, through Chlormethiazol i.v. is described, which is especially used in cataract (lens) operations. There is no excitation during induction and the depth of anaesthesia (stage) depends on dosage-time ratio. Recovery is calm without undesirable side-effects. The intraocular pressure is significantly diminished during anaesthesia.
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Kaess H, Unger W. Evaluation of a new method for the intragastric titration of gastric juice. Acta Hepatogastroenterol (Stuttg) 1975; 22:242-8. [PMID: 241187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A new method for the intragastric titration of hydrochloric acid with a pH sensitive telemetric antimone electrode connected via a receiver to an electronic trigger, which regulates a pump for the inflow of 1 M KHCO3 solution, was evaluated in 22 achlorhydric patients by a series of intragastric instillations of 0.1 N HCl. In vitro this procedure presented a high precision (r = 0.99). Under in vivo conditions a significant correlationship (r = 0.84, p = 0.001) between the input of hydrochloric acid and bicarbonate in a range from 1.4 to 16.7 mEq/30 min could be established in non-operated subjects. The average coefficient of variation was 34%. In subjects with partial gastrectomy (Billroth II) overtitration of 100% (y = 2.1 x -1.7, r = 0.78, p = 0.001) was recorded, suggesting an increased loss of bicarbonate related to the accelerated gastric evacuation.
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Heideborn MO, Burgert R, Unger W. [Plastic orthodontic models for demonstration]. Inf Orthod Kieferorthop 1971; 3:338-48. [PMID: 4110263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Benke A, Unger W. [Distraneurin as fundamental anesthetic during jaundice]. Z Prakt Anasth 1970; 5:327-32. [PMID: 4256244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Benke A, Unger W. [A tricyclene-derivative in anesthesia premedication]. Arzneimittelforschung 1969; 19:1900-1. [PMID: 4391794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Heideborn M, Burgert R, Unger W. [Construction of a plate for forces maxillary expansion (expansion of the palatine suture)]. Dent Labor (Munch) 1969; 17:459-61. [PMID: 5258347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Benke A, Unger W. [Anxiety and surgical intervention]. Wien Med Wochenschr 1969; 119:391-2. [PMID: 5783733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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