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Han Y, Yuan XH, Jiang MT, Feng HH, Zhang X, Zhang YQ, Jing J, Chen YD, Gao L. [OCT analysis of in-stent neointima over 5 years post-DES implantation]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2024; 52:150-157. [PMID: 38326066 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20231020-00358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the characteristics of neointimal hyperplasia (NIH) in patients with in-stent restenosis (ISR) over 5 years post-drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation based on optical coherence tomography (OCT). Methods: In this cross-sectional study, patients with DES-ISR who underwent OCT examination at PLA General Hospital between March 2010 and March 2022 were retrospectively included. All patients were divided into≤5 years DES-ISR group and>5 years DES-ISR group according to the time interval after DES implantation. Quantitative and qualitative analyses were conducted on OCT images to compare the clinical data and lesion characteristics of two patient groups. Furthermore, the independent clinical predictive factors of in-stent neoatherosclerosis (ISNA) were analyzed by multivariable logistic regression. Results: A total of 230 DES-ISR patients with 249 lesions were included, with an age of (63.1±10.4) years and 188 males (81.7%). The median interval after DES implantation was 6 (2, 9) years. There were 117 patients (122 ISR lesions) in the≤5 years DES-ISR group, and 113 patients (127 ISR lesions) in the>5 years DES-ISR group. Compared with≤5 years DES-ISR,>5 years DES-ISR showed more heterogeneous patterns (65.4% (83/127) vs. 48.4% (59/122), P=0.007), diffuse patterns (46.5% (59/127) vs. 31.2% (38/122), P=0.013), macrophage accumulations (44.1% (56/127) vs. 31.2% (38/122), P=0.035) in NIH and higher prevalence of ISNA (83.5% (106/127) vs. 72.1% (88/122), P=0.031). According to multivariable logistic regression, the independent predictive factor for ISNA was female (OR=0.44, 95%CI 0.21-0.90, P=0.026). Female (OR=0.48, 95%CI 0.23-0.99, P=0.046) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level (OR=1.62, 95%CI 1.01-2.59, P=0.046) were independent predictive factors, respectively, for lipid ISNA. Calcified ISNA was independently associated with time interval of post-DES implantation (OR=1.18, 95%CI 1.07-1.29, P=0.001). Conclusion: DES-ISR patients with a time interval of>5 years after stent implantation have a higher prevalence of ISNA and more complex lesions. Gender, the level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and the time interval post-DES implantation are independently correlated with ISNA, lipid ISNA, and calcified ISNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Han
- Department of Cardiology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China
| | - X H Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China
| | - M T Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China
| | - H H Feng
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China Department of Emergency, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - X Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Y Q Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - J Jing
- Department of Cardiology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Y D Chen
- Department of Cardiology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - L Gao
- Department of Cardiology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
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Zhu SN, Sun MZ, Wang YH, Sun ZJ, Chen YD, Hu SY. [Association between digestive tract cancer and severity of coronary artery disease]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 103:3410-3415. [PMID: 37963739 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20230906-00399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the association between digestive tract cancer and anatomical severity of coronary artery disease. Methods: This study enrolled 142 patients with digestive tract cancer who underwent coronary angiography in the Department of Cardiology of the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from 2009 to 2020 as the cancer group. The patients in cancer group were matched with 426 non-cancer patients who underwent coronary angiography at our hospital during the same period in a 1∶3 ratio based on gender and age. All enrolled patients had no previous history of percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. The severity of coronary artery disease was documented and assessed using the SYNTAX score based on angiogram. High SYNTAX score (SXhigh) was defined as SYNTAX score≥22 (upper quartile), while low SYNTAX score (SXlow) was SYNTAX score<22. High NLR (NLRhigh) was NLR≥2.287 (median), while low NLR (NLRlow) was NLR<2.287. The association between digestive tract cancer and severity of coronary artery disease was analyzed using logistic regression analysis. Results: This study included a total of 568 patients, with a mean age of (66.6±8.7) years. Among them, 430 patients (75.7%) were male. The cancer group consisted of 142 patients with digestive tract cancers, with a mean age of (66.5±8.4) years. The non-cancer group consisted of 426 patients, with a mean age of (66.7±8.8) years. The proportion of SXhigh in patients with digestive tract cancers (33.1%, 47 patients) was higher than that in non-cancer patients (23.9%, 102 patients) (P=0.032). Compared to non-cancer patients, SXhigh in patients with digestive tract cancers was higher (OR: 1.614, 95%CI: 1.051-2.481, P=0.029). Subgroup analysis stratified by NLR levels revealed that in the NLRhigh group, patients with digestive tract cancers exhibited a higher severity of coronary artery disease compared to non-cancer patients, with an OR of 1.948 (95%CI: 1.005-3.779, P=0.048). In the NLRlow group, there was no significant relationship between digestive tract cancers and the severity of coronary artery disease, with an OR of 1.277 (95%CI: 0.586-2.781, P=0.538). Conclusions: Digestive tract cancer is associated with the severity of coronary artery disease, and patients with digestive tract cancers have a higher risk of severe coronary artery disease than non-cancer patients. Additionally, there is an association between digestive tract cancers and the severity of coronary artery disease under conditions of high levels of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S N Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - M Z Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Y H Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Z J Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Y D Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - S Y Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
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Zhu HH, Huang JL, Zhou CH, Zhu TJ, Zheng JX, Zhang MZ, Qian MB, Chen YD, Li SZ. Soil-transmitted helminthiasis in mainland China from 2016 to 2020: a population-based study. Lancet Reg Health West Pac 2023; 36:100766. [PMID: 37547047 PMCID: PMC10398588 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2023.100766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Soil-transmitted helminthiasis is epidemic in China and many other countries of the world, and has caused substantial burdens to human health. We conducted successive national monitoring in China from 2016 to 2020 to analyze the prevalence, changing trends, and factors influencing soil-transmitted helminthiasis, which provided a reference for future control strategies. Methods Soil-transmitted helminth monitoring was carried out in 31 provinces (autonomous regions or municipalities, herein after referred to as "provinces") throughout China. Each province determined the number and location of monitoring sites (counties), and a unified sampling method was employed. At least 1,000 subjects were investigated in each monitoring county. Stool samples were collected and the modified Kato-Katz thick smear method was employed for stool examination. Infection data and the details of factors influencing soil-transmitted helminthiasis from 2016 to 2020 were collected from national monitoring sites. Additional influencing factors such as environment, climate and human activities were obtained from authoritative websites. Prevalence of soil-transmitted helminths was presented by species, province, sex, and age group. ArcGIS software was used to conduct spatial autocorrelation and hotspot analysis on the infection data. A Poisson distribution model and SaTScan software were used to analyze the infection data with retrospective spatiotemporal scan statistics. A database was built by matching village-level infection rate data with influencing factors. Subsequently, machine learning methods, including a Linear Regression (LR), a Random Forest (RF), a Gradient Boosted Machine (GBM), and an Extreme gradient boosting (XGBOOST) model was applied to construct a model to analyze the main influencing factors of soil-transmitted helminthiasis. Findings The infection rates of soil-transmitted helminths at national monitoring sites from 2016 to 2020 were 2.46% (6,456/262,380), 1.78% (5,293/297,078), 1.29% (4,200/326,207), 1.40% (5,959/424,766), and 0.84% (3,485/415,672), respectively. The infection rate of soil-transmitted helminths in 2020 decreased by 65.85% compared to that in 2016. From 2016 to 2020, the infection rate of soil-transmitted helminthiasis was relatively high in southern and southwestern China, including Hainan, Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou, and Chongqing. In general, the infection rate was higher in females than in males, with the highest rate in the population aged 60 years and above, and the lowest in children aged 0-6 years. Global autocorrelation and hotspot analyses revealed spatial aggregation in both the national and local distribution of soil-transmitted helminthiasis in China from 2016 to 2020. The hotspots were concentrated in southwestern China. The spatiotemporal scanning analysis revealed aggregation years from 2016 to 2017 located in southwestern China, including Yunnan, Sichuan, Chongqing, Guizhou and Guangxi. The RF model was the best fit model for the infection rate of soil-transmitted helminths in China. The top six influencing factors of this disease in the model were landform, barefoot farming, isothermality, temperature seasonality, year, and the coverage of sanitary toilets. Interpretation The overall infection rate of soil-transmitted helminths in China showed a decreasing trend from 2016-2020 due to the implementation of control measures and the economic boom in China. However, there are still areas with high infection rates and the distribution of such areas exhibit spatiotemporal aggregation. As a strategic next step, control measures should be adjusted to local conditions based on the main influencing factors and the prevalence of different sites to aid in the control and elimination of soil-transmitted helminthiasis. Funding This research was funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant Nos. 2021YFC2300800 and 2021YFC2300804) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 32161143036).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Hui Zhu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research); NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Ji-Lei Huang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research); NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Chang-Hai Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research); NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Ting-Jun Zhu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research); NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jin-Xin Zheng
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research-Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mi-Zhen Zhang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research); NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Men-Bao Qian
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research); NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research-Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Dan Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research); NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Shi-Zhu Li
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research); NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research-Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Cui JG, Jin QH, Wu X, Yang X, Qian G, Chen YD. [Protection of side-branch ostium by the jailed balloon technique validated by three-dimensional optical coherence tomography]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2023; 51:136-142. [PMID: 36789592 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20220927-00751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the protective effect of jailed balloon technique on side branch (SB) ostium using three-dimensional optical coherence tomography(OCT). Methods: This is a retrospective study. Consecutive coronary disease patients with coronary artery bifurcation lesions who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and completed pre-and post-procedural OCT examinations at the Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital from September 2019 to March 2022 were enrolled. Patients were divided into the jailed balloon technique group and the unprotected group according to the options applied for the SB. The SB ostium area difference was calculated from OCT images (SB ostium area difference=post-PCI SB ostium area-pre-PCI SB ostium area). The SB ostium area differences were compared between the two groups and compared further in the subgroup of true bifurcation lesions and non-true bifurcation lesions. In the jailed balloon group, the SB ostium area difference was compared between the active jailed balloon technique and the conventional jailed balloon technique, between the jailed balloon>2.0 mm diameter and the jailed balloon≤2.0 mm diameter, and between the higher balloon pressure (>4 atm, 1 atm=101.325 kPa) and the lower balloon pressure (≤4 atm). Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to explore the correlation between the technical parameters of the jailed balloon technique and the SB protection effect. Results: A total of 176 patients with 236 bifurcation lesions were enrolled, aged (60.7±9.3) years, and there were 128 male patients (72.7%). There were 67 patients in the jailed balloon technique group with 71 bifurcation lesions and 123 patients in the unprotected group with 165 bifurcation lesions. Fourteen patients had 2 to 3 lesions, which were treated in different ways, so they appeared in the unprotected group and the jailed balloon technique group at the same time. The area difference in SB ostium was greater in the jailed balloon group than in the unprotected group (0.07 (-0.43, 1.05)mm2 vs.-0.33 (-0.83, 0.26)mm2, P<0.001), and the results were consistent in the true bifurcation lesion subgroup (0.29 (-0.35, 0.96)mm2 vs.-0.26 (-0.64, 0.29)mm2, P=0.004), while the difference between the two groups in the non-true bifurcation lesion subgroup was not statistically significant (P=0.136). In the jailed balloon technique group, the SB ostium area difference was greater in patients treated with the active jailed balloon technique than in those treated with the conventional jailed balloon technique ((0.43±1.36)mm2 vs. (-0.22±0.52)mm2, P=0.013). The difference in SB ostium area was greater in those using>2.0 mm diameter jailed balloons than in those using≤2.0 mm diameter jailed balloons (0.25 (-0.51, 1.31) mm2 vs.-0.01 (-0.45, 0.63) mm2, P=0.020), while SB ostium area difference was similar between those endowed with higher balloon pressure (>4 atm) compared to those with lower balloon pressure (≤4 atm) (P=0.731). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between jailed balloon diameter and SB ostium area difference (r=0.344, P=0.019). Conclusions: The jailed balloon technique significantly protects SB ostium, especially in patients with true bifurcation lesions. The active jailed balloon technique and larger diameter balloons may provide more protection to the SB.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Cui
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Q H Jin
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100853, China
| | - X Wu
- Chinese People's Liberation Army Medical School, Beijing 100853, China
| | - X Yang
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100853, China
| | - G Qian
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Y D Chen
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100853, China
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Cai Y, Wu SY, Chen YD. [Analysis of the international application of healthy life expectancy]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 103:229-234. [PMID: 36660783 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20221111-02372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Healthy life expectancy is based on life expectancy to further identify the healthy component, moving the assessment threshold from the mortality to the whole life cycle, receiving more and more attention worldwide. Nowadays, it has become one of the core indicators of national major strategy and plan. As a comprehensive indicator of health measurement, healthy life expectancy is complicated and multi-dimensional. Different social and cultural backgrounds have different understandings of health and choose different measurement dimensions. Overall, although high-income countries have different choices in their national health plan, healthy life expectancy without activity restriction is by far the most widely used indicator. This paper reviewed the concept and application of healthy life expectancy systematically, drawing on international practical experience to provide reference for the establishment of a healthy life expectancy indicator system in line with the Chinese national conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Cai
- Center for Health Statistics and Information, National Health Commission, Beijing 100044, China
| | - S Y Wu
- Center for Health Statistics and Information, National Health Commission, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Y D Chen
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
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Yang JJ, Chen YD. [Coronary CT angiography derived fractional flow reserve: opportunity for a win-win cooperation between cardiologists and radiologists]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2022; 102:2575-2577. [PMID: 36058680 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20220419-00850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The advent of coronary CT angiography derived fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) calculation technology has brought great improvements to the clinical diagnostic process and treatment decision-making towards coronary artery disease. In recent years, CT-FFR technology has gradually begun to be taken into clinical practice in China, however, currently, the popularization is not widespread, and it is imperative to further standardize the clinical application of CT-FFR technology. This paper focused on the opportunities, significance and challenges of CT-FFR application in China from the advantages and disadvantages perspectives of this new technology based on three international studies. Combined with specific national conditions and the latest evidence-based clinical medical results, this paper proposes a win-win cooperation initiative between cardiologists and radiologists for the reference and caution of both clinical practitioners and medical affairs bureaus.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Yang
- Senior Department of Cardiology, Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Y D Chen
- Senior Department of Cardiology, Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100037, China
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Zhu HH, Huang JL, Chen YD, Zhou CH, Zhu TJ, Qian MB, Zhang MZ, Li SZ, Zhou XN. National surveillance of hookworm disease in China: A population study. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010405. [PMID: 35679319 PMCID: PMC9182288 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hookworm disease is endemic in China and is widespread globally. The disease burden to humans is great. Methods The study described the national surveillance of hookworm implemented in 31 provinces/autonomous regions/municipalities (P/A/Ms) of China in 2019. Each P/A/M determined the number and location of surveillance spots (counties). A unified sampling method was employed, and at least 1000 subjects were investigated in each surveillance spot. The modified Kato-Katz thick smear method was employed for stool examination. Fifty samples positive with hookworm eggs were cultured in each surveillance spot to discriminate species between A. duodenale and N. americanus. Twenty-five soil samples were collected from each surveillance spot and examined for hookworm larva. The 2019 surveillance results were analyzed and compared with that of 2016–2018. Results A total of 424766 subjects were investigated in 31 P/A/Ms of China in 2019, and the overall hookworm infection rate was 0.85% (3580/424766). The weighted infection and standard infection rates were 0.66% (4288357/648063870) and 0.67% (4343844/648063870), respectively. Sichuan province had the highest standard infection rate (4.75%) in 2019, followed by Chongqing (2.54%) and Hainan (2.44%). The standard infection rates of other P/A/Ms were all below 1%, with no hookworm detected in 15 P/A/Ms. The standard hookworm infection rate in the males and the females were 0.61% (2021216/330728900) and 0.71% (2267141/317334970), respectively, with a significant difference between different genders ( χ2 = 17.23, P<0.0001). The highest standard hookworm infection rate (1.97%) was among age ≥ 60 years, followed by 45~59 years (0.77%), 15~44 years (0.37%), and 7~14 years (0.20%). The lowest standard infection rate was among the 0~6 years age group (0.12%). A significant difference was observed among different age groups ( χ2 = 2 305.17, P<0.0001). The constitute ratio for N. americanus, A. duodenale, and coinfection was 78.70% (1341/1704), 2.03% (346/1704), and 1.00% (17/1704), respectively. The detection rate of hookworm larva from soil was 3.45% (71/2056). Conclusion The national surveillance showed that the hookworm infection rate has been decreasing annually from 2016 to 2019, and it is now below 1%. China has made significant progress in controlling hookworm. The national surveillance system is an important way to understand the endemic status and provide important information in this process and thus needs to be continually optimized. Hookworm disease is endemic in China. The national surveillance system on important parasitic diseases including hookworm infection has been established in China. Stool samples were collected from participants, and the Kato-Katz method was applied to detect helminth eggs while samples with hookworm eggs were further cultured to differentiate the species of the parasite. Additionally, soil samples were collected and examined for hookworm larva. In 2019, the overall infection rate of hookworm in China was 0.85% (3580/424766). High prevalence was demonstrated in Western and Southern China, including Sichuan (4.75%), Chongqing (2.54%) and Hainan (2.44%). The prevalence was high in the females (0.71%) than in the males (0.61%), while it was high in older population especially those age over 60 years. N. americanus dominated the hookworm species. The prevalence of hookworm in soil was 3.45%. Overally, hookworm infection decreased to a low level in China. However, there still exist high endemic areas. Thus, intervention needs to be applied in the high endemic areas and elder population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Hui Zhu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji-Lei Huang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Dan Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang-Hai Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting-Jun Zhu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Men-Bao Qian
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research-Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mi-Zhen Zhang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Shi-Zhu Li
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research-Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Nong Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research-Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail:
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Huang M, Lin WC, Chen YD, Hsiao TA, Liu PY, Tsai WC. Explainable deep neural network for echocardiography view classification. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeab289.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan
Background
Deep neural network may assist echocardiography interpretation in several tasks; however, the lack of expandability hindered its broader application since physicians couldn’t realize the rationale of interpretation clearly and comfortably.
Method
Retrospectively, we manually annotated 26,465 transthoracic echocardiography images into 29 classes for model development in 4:1 ratio as training and validation datasets. We added an autoencoder component into our model, adapted from capsule net, for view-classifying to deconvolute the feature maps of last layer as decoder for human interpretation. The performance of view classification was measured in accuracy and confusion matrix, and the interpretability of model were assessed by cardiologist.
Result
After appropriate model training, the accuracy of our model achieved averaged 98.2% for echocardiography view classification, ranged from lowest 80.0% in suprasternal view to 100% of several more common view in validation dataset. The successful deconvolution of feature map to reconstruct images showed essential independent components of echocardiography view and could be interpretated by cardiologist and clinical physicians.
Conclusion
With the use of autoencoder in model for echocardiography view classification showed maintainable good performance in accuracy and facilitated clinical interpretation to enhance its reliability. Abstract Figure. Model architecture and performance Abstract Figure. Example of explaniable deconvolution
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Affiliation(s)
- M Huang
- National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Cardiology department, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - WC Lin
- National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Cardiology department, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - YD Chen
- National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Cardiology department, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - TA Hsiao
- National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Cardiology department, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - PY Liu
- National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Cardiology department, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - WC Tsai
- National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Cardiology department, Tainan, Taiwan
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Wang K, Yang JJ, Liu ZN, Dou GH, Wang X, Shan DK, Chen YD. [A pretest model of obstructive coronary artery disease based on machine learning: from the C-Strat study]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2022; 61:185-192. [PMID: 35090254 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20210119-00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To develop a pretest probability model of obstructive coronary artery disease with machine learning based on multi-site Chinese population data. Methods: Chinese regiStry in early deTection and Risk strAtificaTion of coronary plaques (C-Strat) study is a prospective multi-center cohort study, in which consecutive patients with suspected obstructive coronary artery disease and ≥64 detector row coronary computed tomography angioplasty (CCTA) evaluation were included. Data from the patients were randomly split into a training set (70%) and a test set (30%). More than 50% of coronary artery stenosis by CCTA was defined as positive outcome. A boosted ensemble algorithm (XGBoost), 10-fold cross-validation and Bayesian optimization were used to establish a new prediction model-CARDIACS(pretest probability model from Chinese registry in eARly Detection and rIsk stratificAtion of Coronary plaques Study), and a logistic regression was used to establish a model-LOGISTIC in training set. The test set was used for validation and comparison among CARDIACS, LOGISTIC, UDFM (updated Diamond-Forrester Model) and DFCASS(Diamond-Forrester and CASS). Results: The study population included 29 455 patients with age of (57.0±9.7) years and 44.8% women, of whom 19.1% (5 622/29 455) had obstructive coronary artery disease. For CARDIACS, the age, the reason for visit and the body mass index (BMI) were the most important predictive variables. In the independent test set, the area under the curve (AUC) of CARDIACS was 0.72 (95%CI 0.70-0.73), which was significantly superior to that of LOGISTIC (AUC 0.69, 95%CI 0.68-0.71, P=0.015), UDFM (AUC 0.64, 95%CI 0.62-0.65, P<0.001) and DFCASS (AUC 0.66, 95%CI 0.64-0.67, P<0.001), respectively. Conclusion: Based on Chinese population, the study developed a new pretest probability model--CARDIACS, which was superior to the traditional models. CARDIACS is expected to assist in the clinical decision-making for patients with stable chest pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Medical Center,Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - J J Yang
- Department of Cardiology, First Medical Center,Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Z N Liu
- Department of Cardiology, First Medical Center,Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - G H Dou
- Department of Cardiology, First Medical Center,Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - X Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Medical Center,Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - D K Shan
- Department of Cardiology, First Medical Center,Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Y D Chen
- Department of Cardiology, First Medical Center,Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
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Qian MB, Zhou CH, Zhu HH, Chen YD, Zhou XN. Cost yield of different treatment strategies against Clonorchis sinensis infection. Infect Dis Poverty 2021; 10:136. [PMID: 34933693 PMCID: PMC8693485 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-021-00917-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clonorchiasis is attributed to the ingestion of raw freshwater fish harboring Clonorchis sinensis. Morbidity control is targeted through the administration of antihelminthics. This study modelled the cost yield indicated by effectiveness and utility of different treatment strategies against clonorchiasis. METHODS About 1000 participants were enrolled from each of 14 counties selected from four provincial-level administrative divisions namely Guangxi, Guangdong, Heilongjiang and Jilin in 2017. Fecal examination was adopted to detect C. sinensis infection, while behavior of ingesting raw freshwater fish was enquired. Counties were grouped into four categories based on prevalence, namely low prevalence group (< 1%), moderate prevalence group (1-9.9%), high prevalence group (10-19.9%) and very high prevalence group (≥ 20%), while population were divided into three subgroups, namely children aged below 14 years old, adult female and adult male both aged over 14 years old. The average of cost effectiveness indicated by the cost to treat single infected cases with C. sinensis and of cost utility indicated by the cost to avoid per disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) caused by C. sinensis infection was calculated. Comparisons were performed between three treatment schedules, namely individual treatment, massive and selective chemotherapy, in which different endemic levels and populations were considered. RESULTS In selective chemotherapy strategy, the cost to treat single infected case in very high prevalence group was USD 10.6 in adult male, USD 11.6 in adult female, and USD 13.2 in children. The cost increased followed the decrease of endemic level. In massive chemotherapy strategy, the cost per infected case in very high prevalence group was USD 14.0 in adult male, USD 17.1 in adult female, USD 45.8 in children, which were also increased when the endemic level decreased. In individual treatment strategy, the cost was USD 12.2 in adult male, USD 15.0 in adult female and USD 41.5 in children in very high prevalence group; USD 19.2 in adult male, USD 34.0 in adult female, and USD 90.1 in children in high prevalence group; USD 30.4 in adult male, USD 50.5 in adult female and over USD 100 in children in moderate prevalence group; and over USD 400 in any population in low prevalence group. As to cost utility, the differences by treatment strategies, populations and endemic levels were similar to those in cost effectiveness. CONCLUSIONS Both cost effectiveness and cost utility indicators are highly impacted by the prevalence and population, as well as the treatment schedules. Adults especially men in the areas with a prevalence over 10% should be prioritized, in which selective chemotherapy was best and massive chemotherapy was also cost effective. In moderate endemic areas, the yield is not ideal, but selective chemotherapy for adult male may also be adopted. In low endemic areas, all strategies were high costly and new strategies need to be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Men-Bao Qian
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China.,Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai, China.,National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.,WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China.,School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang-Hai Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China.,Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai, China.,National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.,WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Hui Zhu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China.,Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai, China.,National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.,WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Dan Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China.,Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai, China.,National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.,WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Nong Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China. .,Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai, China. .,Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai, China. .,National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China. .,WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China. .,School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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11
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Guo ZY, Liu JF, Zhou CH, Qian MB, Chen YD, Zhou XN, Li SZ. [Current status and challenges for taeniasis and cysticercosis control in China]. Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi 2021; 33:563-569. [PMID: 35128885 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2021170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In the WHO new road map for neglected tropical diseases 2021-2030, the disease-specific targets are classified into control, elimination as a public health problem, elimination and eradication, and taeniasis and cysticercosis are targeted for control. The overall prevalence of taeniasis and cysticercosis is low in China, and varies remarkably in regions and populations; however, there are many challenges for elimination of taeniasis and cysticercosis in China. Based on previous taeniasis and cysticercosis control programs, developing a sensitive taeniasis and cysticercosis surveillance-response system, updating criteria for diagnosis of taeniasis and cysticercosis, proposing a national guideline for treatment of taeniasis and cysticercosis, and strengthening interdisciplinary and intersectoral communications and collaborations are urgently needed under the One Health concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Y Guo
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Research Center for Tropical Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - J F Liu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Research Center for Tropical Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - C H Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Research Center for Tropical Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - M B Qian
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Research Center for Tropical Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Y D Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Research Center for Tropical Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - X N Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Research Center for Tropical Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - S Z Li
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Research Center for Tropical Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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12
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Chen YD, Qian MB, Zhu HH, Zhou CH, Zhu TJ, Huang JL, Li ZJ, Li SZ, Zhou XN. Soil-transmitted helminthiasis in China: A national survey in 2014-2015. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009710. [PMID: 34665821 PMCID: PMC8555824 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Based on two national surveys, the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH) in China had decreased from 53.58% in 1988–1992 to 19.56% in 2001–2004. To update the epidemiology and characteristics of STH in China, a third national survey was implemented in 2014–2015. Methodology/Principal findings This survey covered rural areas in 31 provinces in mainland of China. Multiple-stage stratified cluster sampling was employed, which included three levels (provinces, ecozones and economical levels). Stool samples were collected and the Kato-Katz method was applied for helminth eggs detection. Samples with hookworm eggs were selected and hatched to differentiate the species based on larval morphology. Between June 2014 and May 2015, a total of 484,210 participants from 604 counties were enrolled. The weighted prevalence of STH overall was 4.49% (95% confidential interval (CI): 2.45%-6.53%), including 2.62% (95% CI: 0.86%-4.38%) hookworm infections, 1.36% (95% CI: 0.49%-2.23%) ascariasis, and 1.02% (95% CI: 0.15%-1.89%) trichuriasis. The estimated population infected was 29.12 million (95% CI: 15.88 million-42.32 million) for all STH; 16.97 million (95% CI: 5.57 million-28.39 million) for hookworm infections; 8.83 million (95% CI: 3.18 million-14.45 million) for ascariasis; and 6.60 million (95% CI: 0.97 million-12.25 million) for trichuriasis. Overall, the prevalence of ascariasis and trichuriasis was relatively high in children, while hookworm infections were more common in the older population, especially those over 60. STH was highly prevalent in western China, and moderately in central areas, but low in eastern and northern regions. Out of 3,579 hookworm cases with species differentiation, 479 cases (13.38%) were infected with only Ancylostoma spp., 2,808 cases (78.46%) with only Necator americanus, and another 292 cases (8.16%) with both species. Conclusions/Significance This survey demonstrated the continuous decrease of STH in rural China. However, endemicity still prevails in the western areas of the country. Hookworm, especially N. americanus, is becoming the predominant species. Older farmers in western China should be prioritized for control due to the high prevalence of hookworm. Soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH) had decreased significantly in China based on the two national surveys implemented in 1988–1992 and 2001–2004, respectively. In 2014–2015, an updated national survey on STH was implemented in rural China. This survey covered rural areas of 31 provinces in mainland of China and multiple-stage stratified cluster sampling was employed. Stool samples were collected and examined for helminth eggs. Totally, 484,210 villagers from 604 counties in 31 provinces participated in the survey. The adjusted prevalence of STH was 4.49%, and that of hookworm infections, ascariasis, trichuriasis was 2.62%, 1.36%, 1.02%, respectively. The estimated population with STH was 29.12 million, while that with hookworm infections, ascariasis, trichuriasis was 16.97 million, 8.83 million, 6.60 million, respectively. Children showed a high prevalence in ascariasis and trichuriasis, while the older population had a high prevalence of hookworm infections. STH was still highly prevalent in western parts, moderately in central areas, and low in eastern and northern regions. Further efforts are needed to control STH in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Dan Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Shanghai, China
- WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
- National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Men-Bao Qian
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Shanghai, China
- WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
- National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Hui Zhu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Shanghai, China
- WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
- National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang-Hai Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Shanghai, China
- WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
- National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting-Jun Zhu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Shanghai, China
- WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
- National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji-Lei Huang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Shanghai, China
- WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
- National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhong-Jie Li
- Division of Infectious Disease, Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early Warning on Infectious Disease, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Shi-Zhu Li
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Shanghai, China
- WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
- National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Nong Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Shanghai, China
- WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
- National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail:
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Chen YD, Shu C, Duan ZH, Xu JJ, Li XJ, Chen F, Luo QJ, Li XD. Synthesis and characterization of an anti-caries and remineralizing fluorine-containing cationic polymer PHMB-F. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:2009-2019. [PMID: 33349819 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01627f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dental caries have become a major global public health problem. Plaque control and remineralization of initial enamel lesions are paramount for the prevention and control of caries. Polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) is a type of cationic amphipathic antibacterial agent with broad-spectrum antibacterial properties and good biological safety. Fluoride delays demineralization and promotes the remineralization of hard dental tissues. However, a high concentration is needed for it to function as an antibacterial agent. In order to create a PHMB with the benefits associated with fluoride, we synthesized a fluorine-containing cationic polymer, PHMB-F. Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and solid state nuclear magnetic resonance characterization confirmed the successful synthesis of PHMB-F. Antibacterial tests showed that PHMB-F had better antiseptic efficacy for Streptococcus mutans compared with just PHMB. Moreover, positively-charged PHMB-F allows fluoride ions to exist closer to the enamel surface with negative potential, which markedly lowers the ion concentrations in the microenvironment adjacent to hard dental tissues needed to maintain equilibrium. Thus, only low concentrations of PHMB-F are required for enamel remineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y D Chen
- The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, P. R. China.
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Chen YD. [Some considerations on professional education and teaching reform for public health and preventive medicine]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2021; 55:277-279. [PMID: 34645193 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20201215-01452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Following a brief overview of the historical development of undergraduate education of public health and preventive medicine in China's medical universities and colleges, this editorial points out existing issues and dominant challenges, and puts forward compelling demands for undergraduate education in preventive medicine, including in-depth integration with society and population, combined with practice, focusing on problem identificantion and problem solving based on population health, as well as developing undergraduate education programs, education syllabus and courses, construction of teaching materials and off-campus practice teaching bases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y D Chen
- School of Pulic Health, Perking University, Beijing 100083, China
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Sui HJ, Hu Y, Chen YD, Geng P, Zhao ZT. [Three cases of refractory sinusitis with nasal polyps treated with anti IgE monoclonal antibody]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2021; 56:150-152. [PMID: 33548945 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20201112-00864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H J Sui
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Y Hu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Y D Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - P Geng
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Z T Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
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Chen YD, Li HZ, Xu LQ, Qian MB, Tian HC, Fang YY, Zhou CH, Ji Z, Feng ZJ, Tang M, Li Q, Wang Y, Bergquist R, Zhou XN. Effectiveness of a community-based integrated strategy to control soil-transmitted helminthiasis and clonorchiasis in the People's Republic of China. Acta Trop 2021; 214:105650. [PMID: 32805214 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Soil-transmitted helminthiases (STHs) are caused by a group of intestinal nematode infections due to poor hygiene and environments, and clonorchiasis is a food-borne trematode (FBT) infection caused by ingestion of raw freshwater fish. Both are endemic in the People's Republic of China. To explore a suitable control strategy, integrated interventions were applied between 2007 and 2009 in ten pilot counties (eight for the STHs and two for clonorchiasis). Drug administration was used for treatment and complementary efforts to improve the situation based on health education, provision of clean water and sanitation were carried out. Significant achievements were gained as reflected by a drastic decrease in prevalence these infections were demonstrated. The overall prevalence of STHs and clonorchiasis decreased from 35.9% to 7.8% and from 41.4% to 7.0%, respectively. The reduction of prevalence and high cost-effectiveness were documented supporting large-scale application of this integrated intervention in China and elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Dan Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200025, China; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Hua-Zhong Li
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Long-Qi Xu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200025, China; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Men-Bao Qian
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200025, China; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Hong-Chun Tian
- Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yue-Yi Fang
- Guangdong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Chang-Hai Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200025, China; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Zhuo Ji
- Heilongjiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Haerbin 150030, China
| | - Zi-Jian Feng
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Meng Tang
- Danling Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Danling 620200, China
| | - Qun Li
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | | | - Xiao-Nong Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200025, China; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China.
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Qian MB, Li HM, Jiang ZH, Yang YC, Lu MF, Wei K, Wei SL, Chen Y, Zhou CH, Chen YD, Zhou XN. Severe hepatobiliary morbidity is associated with Clonorchis sinensis infection: The evidence from a cross-sectional community study. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009116. [PMID: 33507969 PMCID: PMC7880442 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Clonorchis sinensis infection is highly prevalent in Asia. Diverse hepatobiliary morbidity has been documented for C. sinensis infection. This study aimed to assess the association between C. sinensis infection and hepatobiliary morbidity, taking into consideration of the control, confounders and infection intensity. A cross-sectional community survey was implemented in Hengxian county, southeastern China. Helminth infections were detected by fecal examination. Physical examination and abdominal ultrasonography were then conducted. After excluding confounding effects from gender, age and alcohol drinking, quantitative association between C. sinensis infection and hepatobiliary morbidity was assessed, and the effect from infection intensity was also evaluated, through adjusted odds ratio (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). 696 villagers older than 10 years were enrolled. The prevalence and infection intensity of C. sinensis were higher in male, elder people and the individuals consuming alcohol. Light C. sinensis infection was associated with the increase of diarrhoea (aOR: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.1–4.5). C. sinensis infection was associated with the increase of fatty liver (aOR: 2.7, 95% CI: 1.4–5.2), and the effect was similar in different infection intensities. Moderate C. sinensis infection was associated with the increase of gallbladder stone (aOR: 3.0, 95% CI: 1.1–8.6), while moderate and heavy infections with the increase of intrahepatic bile duct dilatation (aOR: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.0–4.9 and aOR: 4.3, 95% CI: 1.9–9.9, respectively). C. sinensis infection had an effect on the development of periductal fibrosis (aOR: 3.2, 95% CI: 2.1–4.9), which showed increasing trend by infection intensity. The length and width of gallbladder in those with C. sinensis infection were enlarged, especially in those over 30 years old. C. sinensis infection is significantly associated with hepatobiliary morbidity. The occurrence of some morbidity was strongly related to the infection intensity. Awareness on harm of clonorchiasis should be raised both for policy-makers and villagers to adopt effective interventions. Clonorchiasis is caused by ingestion of raw freshwater fish, which carries the larvae of Clonorchis sinensis. In this study, we aimed to assess the damages associated with clonorchiasis. A cross-sectional field survey was carried out in Hengxian county, southeastern China. Stool samples were collected and examined for helminth infections. Then, physical examination and abdominal ultrasonography were conducted. In total, 696 villagers older than 10 years were included. The prevalence and infection intensity of C. sinensis were higher in male, elder people and those drinking alcohol. Excluding the impact from gender, age and alcohol drinking, it was demonstrated that light C. sinensis infection was associated with the increase of diarrhoea, moderate infection with gallbladder stone, and moderate and heavy infections with intrahepatic bile duct dilatation. C. sinensis infection was relevant to the increase of fatty liver, and the effect was similar in different infection intensities. C. sinensis infection was associated with the development of periductal fibrosis and the effect increased by infection intensity. The length and width of gallbladder in individuals with C. sinensis infection were enlarged, especially in those over 30 years old. Thus, our study demonstrates that C. sinensis infection is associated with severe hepatobiliary morbidity, and the effect is strongly related to infection intensity for some morbidity. Concerted efforts should be exerted to tackle the morbidity in clonorchiasis endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Men-Bao Qian
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
- Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China
- National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research-Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Mei Li
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
- Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China
- National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Jiang
- Guangxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, China
| | - Yi-Chao Yang
- Guangxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, China
| | | | - Kang Wei
- Hengxian Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hengxian, China
| | - Si-Liang Wei
- Hengxian Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hengxian, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Hengxian Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hengxian, China
| | - Chang-Hai Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
- Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China
- National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Dan Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
- Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China
- National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Nong Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
- Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China
- National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research-Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail:
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Zhu HH, Zhou CH, Zhu TJ, Huang JL, Qian MB, Chen YD, Li SZ, Zhou XN. [Prevalence of soil - borne nematode infections among residents living in urban/town areas of China in 2015]. Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi 2020; 32:476-482. [PMID: 33185058 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2020202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand the prevalence of soil-borne nematode infections among residents living in urban/town areas of China, so as to provide insights into the control and elimination of soil-borne nematodiasis. METHODS A total of 5 epidemic areas were classified in China according to the prevalence of human Clonorchis sinensis infections captured from the 2014-2015 national survey on major human parasitic diseases in China, and the total sample size was estimated according to the binomial distribution and Poisson's distribution. Then, the total sample size was allocated proportionally to each province (autonomous region, municipality) of China based on the percentage of residents living in urban and town areas, and the number of survey sites in each province (autonomous region, municipality) was proportionally assigned according to the percentages of residents living in urban and town areas. Then, stratified sampling was performed at county, township and community levels according to the number of sampling sites in each province (autonomous region, municipality), and the survey site (community) was defined as the smallest sampling unit. All permanent residents in the survey sites were selected as the study subjects, and their stool samples were collected for identification and counting of parasite egg using a Kato-Katz technique. The prevalence and intensity of each parasite species were calculated. RESULTS From 2014 to 2015, among the 133 231 residents detected in 31 provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) of China, the overall prevalence of soil-borne nematode infections was 1.23% (1 636/133 231), and the prevalence rates of hookworm, Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura infections were 0.77% (1 032/133 231), 0.32% (426/133 231) and 0.17% (224/133 231), respectively. The highest prevalence of soil-borne nematode infections was seen in Jiangxi (4.03%, 82/2 034) and Chongqing (4.03%, 524/13 012), followed by in Hainan (3.47%, 72/2 075). The prevalence of soilborne nematode infections was 1.07% (662/62 139) in men and 1.37% (974/71 092) in women, and the greatest prevalence was found in residents at ages of 65 to 70 years (2.56%, 219/8 569). With regard to occupations and education levels, herdsmen (2.47%, 2/81) and illiterate residents (3.33%, 226/6 795) were found to have the highest prevalence of soil-borne nematode infections, respectively. In addition, mild infections were predominantly identified in hookworm-, A. lumbricoides- and T. trichiura-infected individuals (all > 90%). CONCLUSIONS The overall prevalence of soil-borne nematodiasis remains low in urban and town areas of China; however, human infections are widespread. According to the epidemiological features, health education combined with deworming are recommended to reduce the prevalence of soil-borne nematode infections among residents living in urban and town areas of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Zhu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Parasites and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - C H Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Parasites and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - T J Zhu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Parasites and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - J L Huang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Parasites and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - M B Qian
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Parasites and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Y D Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Parasites and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - S Z Li
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Parasites and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - X N Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Parasites and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
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Zhu HH, Zhou CH, Zhang MZ, Huang JL, Zhu TJ, Qian MB, Chen YD, Li SZ, Zhou XN. Engagement of the National Institute of Parasitic Diseases in control of soil-transmitted helminthiasis in China. Adv Parasitol 2020; 110:217-244. [PMID: 32563326 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2020.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Soil-transmitted helminthiases (STHs) have been widely transmitted in China and the control of STHs was initiated by NIPD-CTDR since its foundation. Three national surveys on STHs have been carried out in China, and the infection rate has dropped from 53.58% in the first national survey (1988-92) to 4.49% in the third national survey (2014-16) due to strong interventions including mass drug administration, health education and environment improvement. National surveillance of STHs started in 2006 and has been implemented successively until now, which allows to understand the endemic status and trends of STHs prevalence in China. Surveillance has been expanded to 30 provinces of China since 2016. Integrated pilot programmes have been implemented between 2006 and 2009, in which an integrated strategy, with health education and control of infection sources as key components, was adopted. Since 2019, new control pilots have been started, which will be continued for five successive years to further explore appropriate control strategies in the current "new era". With the decline of infection rate of STHs, China is approaching the elimination stage for STHs. In order to achieve this final target, poverty alleviation programmes should be integrated with precise control measures, according to real situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Hui Zhu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Hai Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Mi-Zhen Zhang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Lei Huang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting-Jun Zhu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Men-Bao Qian
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Dan Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shi-Zhu Li
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Nong Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Zhu HH, Huang JL, Zhu TJ, Zhou CH, Qian MB, Chen YD, Zhou XN. National surveillance on soil-transmitted helminthiasis in the People's Republic of China. Acta Trop 2020; 205:105351. [PMID: 31958411 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) are widely distributed and remain a public health problem in the People's Republic of China. Altogether, 301 counties across 30 regions were investigated during the national surveillance on STHs carried out in 2016 based on the modified Kato-Katz thick smear method to examine faecal samples. A total of 305 081 people were investigated with 7 366 (2.4%) found to be infected. The infection rates were the following: hookworm 1.4%, Ascaris lumbricoides 0.8% and Trichuris trichiura 0.5%. Having established that the STHs infection rate is relatively low, it is time to move towards elimination. The national surveillance system is essential for providing basic data and formulation of useful control strategies towards achieving this goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Hui Zhu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Ji-Lei Huang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Ting-Jun Zhu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Chang-Hai Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Men-Bao Qian
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Ying-Dan Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Xiao-Nong Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai 200025, China.
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Zhu TJ, Chen YD, Qian MB, Zhu HH, Huang JL, Zhou CH, Zhou XN. Surveillance of clonorchiasis in China in 2016. Acta Trop 2020; 203:105320. [PMID: 31877282 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2019.105320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Clonorchiasis is an important food-borne parasitic disease in China, and infection with C. sinensis can cause hepatobiliary diseases. Comprehensive and systematic prevention and control of clonorchiasis requires the establishment of an effective surveillance. A total of 301 surveillance points were set up in 30 provinces across China in 2016, and 1000 people were selected by cluster sampling at each surveillance point annually for C. sinensis infection screening using Kato-Katz thick smear method. C. sinensis infection was detected in 6226 people following screening of 305081 people at the 301 surveillance points in 2016. Infection rate was 2.04%; with C. sinensis infection detected in 70 counties spread across 15 provinces, 89.37% of the infected people were distributed in Jilin, Heilongjiang, Guangdong and Guangxi provinces. Highest infection rate was observed in Da'an city, Jilin Province (49%). The national infection rate in male and female was 2.70% and 1.40% respectively. Infection rate between male and female was significantly different (P <0.01). Disease prevalence increases with age in both male and female, reaches peak in age group 40-49. Result obtained indicate that major C. sinensis endemic areas are distributed in the north and south of China, and areas with high prevalence are distributed along the river system at county level. Result, also, shows that middle-aged men are at high-risk of infection. These results suggest that surveillance activities should be sustained nationwide and highlight the need for an integrated approach to control C. sinensis transmission in regions with high disease prevalence in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Jun Zhu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.207 Ruijin Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Ying-Dan Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.207 Ruijin Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Men-Bao Qian
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.207 Ruijin Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Hui-Hui Zhu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.207 Ruijin Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Ji-Lei Huang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.207 Ruijin Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Chang-Hai Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.207 Ruijin Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Xiao-Nong Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.207 Ruijin Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai 200025, China.
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Huang JL, Chang ZR, Zheng CJ, Liu HH, Chen YD, Sun JL. [Epidemiological characteristics of amoebic dysentery in China, 2015-2018]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2020; 41:90-95. [PMID: 32062949 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2020.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To understand the characteristics and changes of the incidence of amoebic dysentery in China during 2015-2018, explore the causes of high incidence in some areas and provide a data base for the development of national prevention and control strategies and measures. Methods: Data were collected from the infectious disease reporting management information system from Chinese Disease Control and Prevention. To understand the seasonal, population and area distributions of amoebic dysentery, descriptive epidemiological method and software SPSS 16.0 were used to analyze the amoebic dysentery data. Results: A total of 4 366 amoebic dysentery cases were reported without death in China during 2015-2018. The reported average annual incidence was 0.08/100 000, and the overall proportion of laboratory confirmed cases was 68.23%(2 979/4 366). Amoeba dysentery mainly occurred during May to October. One seasonal peak was observed in 2015 and 2017 (July and June, respectively), and two seasonal peaks were observed in 2016 and 2018 (June and October). The patients were mainly children aged under 5 years (42.28%, 1 846/4 366), and the incidence rate decreased with age in children aged under 10 years. Of these, children under 1 years of age had the highest incidence rate (1.28/100 000). The number of cumulative reported cases in Guangxi, Henan, Guangdong, Heilongjiang and Jiangxi provinces ranked top five from 2015-2018, accounting for 64.50% (2 816/4 366) of the total. The cumulative cases in Dongxing county, Guangxi, in Suixian county, Henan and in Ranghulu district, Heilongjiang, respectively accounted for more than 50.00% of the total number of cases in their provinces. Conclusions: The incidence rate of amoebic dysentery reported in China during 2015-2018 showed a decreasing trend, with a higher incidence in children under 5 years old and a higher number of cases in some areas. It is suggested to further investigate and analyze the diagnosis and reporting of amoeba dysentery in key areas and promote the update of the diagnostic standards for amoeba dysentery.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Huang
- Division of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early Warning on Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Z R Chang
- Division of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early Warning on Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - C J Zheng
- Division of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early Warning on Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - H H Liu
- Chinese Field Epidemiology Training Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Y D Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - J L Sun
- Division of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early Warning on Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
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Huang JL, Zhang MZ, Zhu HH, Zhu TJ, Zhou CH, Qian MB, Chen YD. [National surveillance on Enterobius vermicularis infections among children at ages of 3 to 9 years in China from 2016 to 2018]. Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi 2020; 32:54-59. [PMID: 32185928 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2019239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand the epidemic status of Enterobius vermicularis infections among children aged 3 to 9 years in China, so as to provide scientific basis for the formulation of the prevention and control strategies for enterobiasis. METHODS The national surveillance of enterobiasis was performed in 736 national surveillance sites (counties) from 30 provinces (municipalities/autonomous regions) in China from 2016 to 2018. All surveillance sites were classified into parts according to the geographical directions, including the eastern, western, southern, northern and middle parts, and a township was randomly selected from each part. Then, an administrative village was randomly selected from the township, and 200 permanent residents at ages of over 3 years living in the administrative village were randomly selected using the cluster sampling method. A total of 1 000 residents were examined in each surveillance site. E. vermicularis infections were detected among children at ages of 3 to 9 years using the modified Kato-Katz technique and the adhesive cellophane-tape perianal swab method, and the prevalence of infections was calculated and compared. RESULTS The prevalence of E. vermicularis infections was 2.50%, 2.84% and 2.46% among children at ages of 3 to 9 years in the 736 surveillance sites from 30 provinces (municipalities/autonomous regions) in China from 2016 to 2018, and there was no gender-specific prevalence of E. vermicularis infections (P > 0.05). Enterobiasis was main prevalent in the southern and southwestern part of China (Jiangxi, Guangxi, Guangdong, Sichuan, Fujian, Chongqing and Hainan), with 5.00% prevalence and greater, and the highest prevalence was seen in Jiangxi and Guangxi for successive 3 years. In addition, the prevalence of E. vermicularis infections was higher in children with the Han ethnicity than in those with the minority ethnicity, and a high prevalence was found in children at ages of 4 to 7 years, and a low prevalence seen in children at ages of 3, 8 and 9 years. CONCLUSIONS The prevalences of E. vermicularis infections have not changed much among children at ages of 3 to 9 years in China from 2016 to 2018, and high prevalence is seen in southern and southwestern China, which should be given a high priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Huang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - M Z Zhang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - H H Zhu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - T J Zhu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - C H Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - M B Qian
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Y D Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
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Qian MB, Zhou CH, Zhu HH, Zhu TJ, Huang JL, Chen YD, Zhou XN. From awareness to action: NIPD's engagement in the control of food-borne clonorchiasis. Adv Parasitol 2020; 110:245-267. [PMID: 32563327 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2020.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Clonorchiasis is caused by ingestion of raw freshwater fish containing infective larvae of Clonorchis sinensis. China harbours the largest number of people with C. sinensis infection. During the past three decades, the National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, affiliated to the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (NIPD) conducted many studies to facilitate the control on clonorchiasis. Three national surveys have shown the updated epidemiology of clonorchiasis in China. Recently, a national surveillance system has also been established, which will enable the production of high-resolution map. The evaluation of the disease burden has enhanced the awareness on clonorchiasis. Diverse diagnosis techniques including rapid screening by questionnaire, serological tests, faecal examination and a molecular method have been developed or evaluated. The NIPD also participated in the early evaluation of praziquantel against clonorchiasis, which enhanced its application in China. Also, the NIPD has verified the efficacy of tribendimidine against clonorchiasis. A new sustainable strategy is also being explored. However, more research is expected to further facilitate control of clonorchiasis in China, as well as international cooperation in fighting human liver fluke infections in Asia.
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Zhu HH, Zhou CH, Zhu TJ, Qian MB, Huang JL, Chen YD. [Establishment of an evaluation system for the field assessment of the Kato-Katz technique in detection of soil-transmitted nematodiasis]. Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi 2019; 32:47-53. [PMID: 32185927 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2019204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish an evaluation system for the field assessment of the Kato-Katz technique in detecting soiltransmitted nematodes, so as to provide insights into the field application of the Kato-Katz technique. METHODS The initial evaluation indicators were determined through literature search, brainstorming and expert consultation. The evaluation indicatorswere improved and the weight of each indicator was decided through three rounds of expert consultation by using the Delphimethod. In addition, the expert authority coefficient and the coordination coefficient of each indicator were calculated at eachround of expert consultations. RESULTS The recovery rates of the questionnaire were 100.00%, 100.00% and 89.29% at the firstto the third round of the expert consultations, respectively, and the expert authority coefficients were all more than 0.85 at eachround. The final evaluation system included 4 first-level indicators and 15 second-level indicators. In the first-level indicators, "detecting effect" and "funds investment" had the mean weighted value of 4.53 and 4.49, which were relatively higher than that of"person-time investment" and "operability" (both 4.34). Among the second-level indicators under each first-level indicator, thefour most significant indicators included "ability of personnel in egg discrimination", "cooperation of village cadres and doctors","Person-time on testing" and "organizational start-up cost", with the mean weighted values of 4.74, 4.43, 4.39 and 4.17, respectively. The coordination coefficients were 0.39 to 0.65, 0.28 to 0.58 and 0.45 to 0.65 at the first to the third round of the expertconsultations, respectively, and there were significant differences in the coordination coefficients at all three rounds of the consultations (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS An evaluation system for the field assessment of the Kato-Katz technique in detecting soiltransmitted nematodes is successfully established, among which "ability of personnel in egg discrimination" and "cooperation ofvillage cadres and doctors" have the greatest mean weighted values of the significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Zhu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - C H Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - T J Zhu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - M B Qian
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - J L Huang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Y D Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
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Yang H, Chen YD. [Declaration of Astana and preventive medicine in China]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019; 53:136-140. [PMID: 30744285 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
At the time of the 40th anniversary of the Alma-Ata Declaration, the World Health Organization member states signed the Declaration of Astana. From Health For All to Universal Health Coverage, primary health care is consistantly identified as the key to achieving human health, and preventive services are critical and central component of primary health care. China has provided valuable experience for primary health care to countries around the world. However, with significant socioeconomic changes and rapid population aging, the contexts of primary health care and prevention services in China has undergone tremendous changes. Chronic diseases have become major burden of disease. System development and institution building, health service delivery system development, and the entire society of the country with large population are encountering new and serious challenges. On the basis of reviewing the development of preventive medical services in China for 40 years, Authors analyzes strengths and weaknesses of preventive services in China and looks forward to the challenges and opportunities in the coming decades, from perspective of primary, secondary and tertiary prevention strategies, and proposes suggestions for future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yang
- School of Primary Health Care and Allied Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melboume 3168, Australia
| | - Y D Chen
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
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Zang XZ, Li HZ, Qian MB, Chen YD, Zhou CH, Liu HK, Liu YH, Li SZ. Extensive disseminated cysticercosis: a case report in Yunnan province, China. BMC Infect Dis 2019; 19:535. [PMID: 31208369 PMCID: PMC6580573 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-4172-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cysticercosis is spreading all over the world and it is a major health problem in most countries of Latin America, Africa, and Asia. Extensive disseminated cysticercosis is relatively rare and fewer than 120 case have been reported in the worldwide. We reported a rare case of extensive disseminated cysticercosis in Yunan province, China. CASE PRESENTATION A rare case of extensive disseminated cysticercosis, in a 61-year-old male Chinese was detected from Yunnan province in 2018. Clinical and etiological examination was performed, as well as the epidemiological investigation. CONCLUSION The life cycle of T. solium in the area where the case came from is complete. We expect this case could raise the attentions to the control of Taenia solium infection and subsequent cysticercosis there.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Zhong Zang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Huan-Zhang Li
- Dandong City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dandong, 118000 Liaoning province China
| | - Men-Bao Qian
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Ying-Dan Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Chang-Hai Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Hong-Kun Liu
- Dali Prefectural Institute of Research and Control on Schistosomiasis, Dali, 671000 Yunnan province China
| | - Yu-Hua Liu
- Dali Prefectural Institute of Research and Control on Schistosomiasis, Dali, 671000 Yunnan province China
| | - Shi-Zhu Li
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025 China
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Zeng XJ, Jiang WS, Xie SY, Chen YD, Gu XN, Ge J, Hang CQ, Li ZJ, Chen HG. Effect of integrated control intervention on soil-transmitted helminth infections in Jiangxi province in southeast China. Acta Trop 2019; 194:148-154. [PMID: 30951685 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Soil transmitted helminths (STHs) burden was enormous in China several decades ago, however, rigorous control efforts have been successful with appreciable reduction in diseases burden. Here, we assessed provincial-level data derived from cross sectional surveys, executed in 1989, 2002 and 2014, on the prevalence of STHs among populations in Jiangxi province, China. This study, also, reported STHs integrated control intervention aimed at reducing STHs transmission and worm burden among population at county-level. The intervention strategies included mass drug administration (MDA), health education, improved water supply for drinking, improved sanitary facilities and environmental modification in Guixi municipality. The overall infection rate of STHs in Jiangxi province decreased from 77.7% (1989) to 6.3% (2014), while Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworm and Trichuris trichiura decreased from 71.1%, 17.6% and 17.0% (1989) to 0.9%, 4.7% and 1.0% (2014), respectively. STHs infection rates in female population were higher than male in the three surveys. Reduction in STHs prevalence was observed in all age groups, but the decline was less in higher age group. STHs prevalence in Guixi intervention region indicated remarkable reduction from 31.8% (2006) to 6.1% (2009) (χ2=255.22, P<0.01). A. lumbricoides, hookworm and T. trichiura infection rates decreased from 10.4%, 17.0% and 7.1% (2006) to 0.1%, 4.1% and 2.2%, respectively (2009) (X2A.l = 110.23, P<0.01; X2hk = 103.57, P < 0.01; X2T.t = 32.0, P < 0.01). A. lumbricoides infection rate declined the most of all STHs. Following control efforts with integrated control intervention strategies, STHs prevalence in Jiangxi province experienced remarkable trend in decline between 1989 and 2014. Consolidating control efforts with sustained integrated control strategies is, therefore, important to achieving STHs elimination in China.
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Qian MB, Zhou CH, Zhu HH, Zhu TJ, Huang JL, Chen YD, Zhou XN. Assessment of health education products aimed at controlling and preventing helminthiases in China. Infect Dis Poverty 2019; 8:22. [PMID: 30909961 PMCID: PMC6434872 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-019-0531-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helminthiases have placed a huge burden of disease on the population in China. However, widespread control activities have led to significant achievements. As health education has been widely disseminated and plays an important role in the control and elimination of these diseases, we collected health education products aimed at controlling and preventing helminthiases in China. We analyzed their characteristics and assessed their quality. METHODS Firstly, health education products aimed at controlling and preventing helminthiases were collected from a diverse range of organizations. Secondly, the expert brainstorming and Delphi methods were applied to establish an evaluation system, which was then used to assess the collected products systematically. Those deemed excellent were awarded. Characteristics - including type, source, targeted disease(s), targeted population, and languages - of the collected products and the awarded products were presented here. RESULTS In total, 96 health education products on helminthiases were collected from 53 organizations. Most products belonged to either the graphic design (47) or daily-use (24) category. Seventy were collected from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and 20 from institutes or control stations of parasitic diseases, primarily at the provincial and county levels. Regarding disease targets of the products, 67 focused on a single helminthiasis, 25 on multiple helminthiases, and the remaining four on non-specific diseases. Of the 67 single helminthiasis-focused products, most targeted schistosomiasis (37), followed by echinococcosis (16). The majority of products (79) targeted the general population, while 11 targeted students specifically. Regarding languages, 86 products were only in Chinese, while the other ten were in both Chinese and the minority languages of China. Out of these ten products, one targeted schistosomiasis and the other nine targeted echinococcosis. Thirty-four products were awarded. The characteristics of the awarded products were similar to those of the collected products. CONCLUSIONS A diverse range of health education products have been designed and applied for the prevention and control of helminthiases in China. Many products have good features such as specifying the targeted diseases and populations. However, there are significant gaps in terms of both the quantity and quality of products pertaining to some of the diseases. Experiences from the awarded products could be drawn upon to design more products aimed at a range of different helminthiases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Men-Bao Qian
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, 200025, China.,National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, China.,World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Chang-Hai Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, 200025, China.,National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, China.,World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Hui-Hui Zhu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, 200025, China.,National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, China.,World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ting-Jun Zhu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, 200025, China.,National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, China.,World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ji-Lei Huang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, 200025, China.,National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, China.,World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ying-Dan Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, 200025, China.,National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, China.,World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xiao-Nong Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200025, China. .,Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, 200025, China. .,National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, China. .,World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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Qian MB, Chen YD, Zhu HH, Zhu TJ, Zhou CH, Zhou XN. [Establishment and role of national clonorchiasis surveillance system in China]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2019; 39:1496-1500. [PMID: 30462961 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2018.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Clonorchiasis is one key food-borne parasitic disease in China. Owing to several years'efforts and preparation, the national clonorchiasis surveillance system in China has been established preliminarily since 2016. In this article, the necessity to establish the national clonorchiasis surveillance system is explained. Then, the structure, content and corresponding methods of the surveillance system are briefly introduced. Key points in the surveillance are summarized and the development of surveillance in future is discussed. Furthermore, the contribution of clonorchiasis surveillance in China to the world is also analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Qian
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Key Laboratory on Biology of Parasite and Vector, Ministry of Health; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
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Li HM, Qian MB, Yang YC, Jiang ZH, Wei K, Chen JX, Chen JH, Chen YD, Zhou XN. Performance evaluation of existing immunoassays for Clonorchis sinensis infection in China. Parasit Vectors 2018; 11:35. [PMID: 29334990 PMCID: PMC5769360 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-018-2612-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clonorchiasis ranks among the most important food-borne parasitic diseases in China. However, due to low compliance to traditional fecal examination techniques in the general population and medical personnel, immunodiagnosis is expected. This study evaluated, in parallel, the performance of four immunodiagnostic kits detecting clonorchiasis in China. RESULTS A bank with 475 sera was established in this study. Except for the low performance of the kit detecting IgM, the other three kits detecting IgG showed sensitivities ranging from 81.51% (194/238) to 99.16% (236/238). Higher sensitivity was presented in heavy infection intensity [89.47% (68/76) to 100% (76/76)]. Among the four kits, the overall specificity varied from 73.42% (174/237) to 87.34% (207/237). It was observed that the specificity was lower in the sera of the participants living in clonorchiasis-endemic areas but without any parasite infection [67.5% (81/120) to 90% (108/120)], as compared to those from the non-endemic area [94% (47/50) to 98% (49/50)]. The cross-reaction rate varied from 14.93% (10/67) to 31.34% (21/67). Youden's index was -0.022, 0.689, 0.726, and 0.802 for kits T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively. Repeatability was high in all four kits. CONCLUSIONS Three immunodiagnosis kits targeting IgG antibody had high performance on detecting chronic Clonorchis sinensis infection, but that detecting IgM antibody had not. The kits detecting IgG antibody also showed high sensitivity in heavy infection intensity. Research on immunological diagnosis of clonorchiasis is expected to be strengthened to improve the sensitivity in light infection and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Mei Li
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Men-Bao Qian
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi-Chao Yang
- Guangxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, Guangxi People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Hua Jiang
- Guangxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, Guangxi People’s Republic of China
| | - Kang Wei
- Hengxian Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hengxian, Nanning, Guangxi People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia-Xu Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun-Hu Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying-Dan Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Nong Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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Liu J, Yin T, Chen YD. [Role of big data analysis on the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2017; 45:832-836. [PMID: 29081170 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3758.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
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Yuan Y, Pang N, Chen YD, Wang Y, Li XL. Theoretical analysis of the effects of transcranial magneto-acoustical stimulation on neuronal firing rhythm and Ca
2+
concentration with Chay neuron model. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2017. [DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/aa84c8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Wang ZQ, Shi YL, Liu RD, Jiang P, Guan YY, Chen YD, Cui J. New insights on serodiagnosis of trichinellosis during window period: early diagnostic antigens from Trichinella spiralis intestinal worms. Infect Dis Poverty 2017; 6:41. [PMID: 28219418 PMCID: PMC5319148 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-017-0252-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical diagnosis of trichinellosis is difficult because its clinical manifestations are nonspecific. Detection of anti-Trichinella IgG by ELISA using T. spiralis muscle larval excretory-secretory (ES) antigens is the most commonly used serological method for diagnosis of trichinellosis, but the main disadvantage is false negativity during the early stage of infection. There is an obvious window period between Trichinella infection and antibody positivity. During the intestinal stage of Trichinella infection, the ES antigens of intestinal worms (intestinal infective larvae and adults) are exposed to host’s immune system at the earliest time and elicit the production of specific anti-Trichinella antibodies. Anti-Trichinella IgG antibodies in infected mice were detectable by ELISA with ES antigens of intestinal worms as soon as 8–10 days post infection (dpi), but ELISA with muscle larval ES antigens did not permit detection of infected mice before 12 dpi. Therefore, the new early antigens from T. spiralis intestinal worms should be screened, identified and characterized for early serodiagnosis of trichinellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Quan Wang
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Ya-Li Shi
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Rou-Dan Liu
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Peng Jiang
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Ya-Yi Guan
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ying-Dan Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Jing Cui
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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Shi YJ, Sun YF, Gao L, Chen YD, Wang JL, Dan Q, Zhang Y. [Value of fragmented QRS wave in evaluating the prognosis of patients with coronary artery disease]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2017; 97:3-6. [PMID: 28056281 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The aim of the current study was to investigate the predictive value of fragmented QRS wave ( fQRS) for the prognosis of patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods: A total of 714 consecutive patients with confirmed CHD were included from Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of PLA between January 2013 and January 2014, and were divided into fQRS group and non-fQRS group based on the presence of fQRS wave or not according to Electrocardiograph (ECG). The baseline, ECG characteristic value, the echocardiography results of the patients were compared between the two groups. Cardiac events were recorded in all patients during 12 months' follow-up. Subgroup analysis was also conducted among patients with abnormal Q wave to investigate the association between fQRS and cardiovascular events. Results: A total of 673 patients completed the follow-up, with 533 in fQRS group and 140 in non-fQRS group. The P wave duration in the fQRS group was longer than non-fQRS group [(92±21) vs (82±23)ms, P<0.01]. The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) value in the fQRS group was lower than non-fQRS group (42%±22% vs 49%±15%, P<0.01) according to echocardiography results. The subgroup analysis with abnormal Q wave showed that compared with non-fQRS group, the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) value in the group of fQRS was lower (38%±21% vs 50%±7%, P<0.01). There was statistically significant in the mortality of patients within follow-up period between the two groups (P<0.05), and the survival time in fQRS group was shorter than the non-fQRS group [(28.3±3.4) vs (30.5±1.5)months, P<0.01]. Conclusion: FQRS presence in body surface ECG of CHD patients with abnormal Q wave is a sign for increased risk of cardiovascular events, which can serve as an indicator to identify CHD patients at high risk of death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Shi
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100853, China
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Gao L, Chen YD, Shi YJ, Xue H, Wang JL. [Prediction value of deceleration capacity of rate and GRACE risk score on major adverse cardiac events in patients with acute myocardial infarction]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2016; 44:583-587. [PMID: 27530942 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3758.2016.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the prediction value of deceleration capacity of rate (DC) and GRACE risk score for cardiovascular events in AMI patients. METHODS Consecutive AMI patients with sinus rhythm hospitalized in our department during August 2012 to August 2013 were included in this prospective study. 24-hour ECG Holter monitoring was performed within 1 week, and the DC value was analyzed, GRACE risk score was acquired with the application of GRACE risk score calculator. Patients were followed up for more than 1 year and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) were obtained. Analysised the Kaplan Meier survival according to DC and GRACE score risk stratification respectively. RESULTS A total of 157 patients were enrolled in the study (average age: (58.9±12.7)years old). The average follow-up was (20.54±2.85) months. Mortality during follow-up was significantly higher in patients with DC>2.5 compared to patients with DC≤2.5 (P<0.01). In terms of early warning cardiac death, the area under ROC curve of DC risk stratification was 0.898 (95%CI 0.840-0.940, P<0.01), the sensitivity was 84.6%, and the specificity was 84.0%. The area under ROC curve of GRACE risk stratification was 0.786 (95%CI 0.714-0.847, P<0.01), the sensitivity was 84.6%, and the specificity was 74.3%. In terms of early warning cardiac adverse events, the ROC curve of DC was 0.747(95%CI 0.672-0.813, P<0.01), with the 90.0% sensitivity and 67.7% specificity. The GRACE risk stratification was 0.708 (95%CI 0.652-0.769, P<0.01), with the 63.3% sensitivity and 75.6% specificity. Subgroup analysis showed that mortality during follow-up was significantly higher in high risk patients than those with intermediate and low risk patients according to DC risk stratification in intermediate and low risk patients by GRACE risk stratification (P<0.01). CONCLUSION DC could predict cardiac death and MACE in patients with AMI. DC risk stratification is superior to GRACE risk score on outcome assessment in this AMI patient cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Gao
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100853, China
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Wang JL, Chen YD, Shi YJ, Xue H, Zhang WG, Gao L. [Cross-sectional study of differential effects with age on non-invasive central hemodynamics and peripheral arterial stiffness of healthy people in Beijing communities]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2016; 96:1871-5. [PMID: 27356802 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2016.23.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the variation of central hemodynamics and peripheral arterial stiffness in different ages and to investigate the parameters of differential effects in younger individuals (≤60y) and older individuals (>60y). METHODS We conducted a population-based cross-sectional study in eight regions by random cluster sampling, from April to July 2014 in Beijing, China.Central hemodynamics and peripheral arterial stiffness parameters were determined in 861 healthy (372 male), normotensive individuals, aged 20 to 91(56±14) years.The main observed indexes were central systolic blood pressure (cSBP), arterial augmentation index (AI), augmentation pressure (AP), heart-ankle pulse wave velocity (haPWV) and brachial-ankle PWV (baPWV). Subjects were divided into six groups by 10 aged segment.Differences between groups and age tendency were observed. RESULTS The mean values of cSBP, AI, AP, haPWV and baPWV were (113±12) mmHg, (90±18)%, (-5±9) mmHg, (987±144) cm/s and (1 382±254) cm/s, respectively.cSBP, AI, AP, haPWV and baPWV increased with age (P<0.001). In average, cSBP, baPWV and haPWV increased 3 mmHg, 97 cm/s and 62 cm/s by additional 10 years, respectively.cSBP, AI and AP increased slowly after 60 years old, while haPWV and baPWV increased significantly with age (P<0.001). Stepwise regression analysis showed: cSBP was mainly relevant with mean arterial pressure(b=0.990, P<0.001), while baPWV and haPWV were relevant with age(b=8.858, 5.971; P<0.001). AI and AP were associated with height and rest heart rate (b=-0.676, -0.660 and b=-0.361, -0.341, P<0.001). Individuals were divided into two groups by age 60.The age-related changes in AI were significant in under 60-year-old; while the changes in baPWV were more prominent in over 60-year-old.However there was no significant difference in cSBP between two groups. CONCLUSIONS In healthy people, there are obvious differences of age tendency in central hemodynamics and peripheral arterial stiffness parameters.AI might be a good predictor of cardiovascular disease for early stage, especially for early coronary artery disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Wang
- Department of Cardiology, PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
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Han YL, Chen YD, Jiang TM, Ge JB, Cheng XS, Li JL, Chen YG, Ma YT, Xie Q, Ma LK, Zheng XQ, Yang BS, Chen SL, Wang G, Zhao X, Liu HW, Liang ZY, Liu ML, Wang HY, Li Y. [A large-scale, multicenter, retrospective study on efficacy of bivalirudin use during peri-percutaneous coronary intervention period for Chinese patients with coronary heart disease]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2016; 44:121-7. [PMID: 26926504 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3758.2016.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the efficacy and safety of bivalirudin use in Chinese patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) during the peri-percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) period. METHODS A total of 3 271 patients who underwent PCI and received periprocedural bivalirudin treatment between July 2013 and October 2015 from 88 centers of China were involved in this study. The primary outcome was 30-day net adverse clinical events (NACE a composite of major adverse cardiac or cerebral events (MACE, all-cause death, reinfarction, urgent target vessel revascularization, or stroke) or bleeding), the secondary outcome was stent thrombosis at 30 days. RESULTS The mean age of enrolled patients was (65.12±12.44) years old, 27.4%(889/3 244) of them were female. Percent of stable coronary disease (SCD), non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) and ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) was 5.0%(162/3 248), 44.6%(1 450/3 248) and 50.4%(1 636/3 248) respectively. Radial access was performed in 89.5% (2 879/3 271) patients, and 9.7% (316/3 271) and 34.1% (1 115/3 271) patients also received ticagrelor and tirofiban medication. 69.3% (2 266/3 271) patients received post-procedural bivalirudin infusion, in which 46.3% (1 050/2 266) was treated at PCI-does, with a median duration of 2.5(1.0, 4.0) h. During the 30-day follow-up, NACE occurred in 3.45% (103/2 988) patients, the incidence of MACE, death was 2.17% (65/2 994) and 1.03% (31/3 017), respectively and bleeding events were recorded in 1.37% (41/2 996) patients. Four cases (0.13%) of stent thrombosis (3 acute stent thrombosis) were recorded. CONCLUSION Peri-PCI Bivalirudin use is safe and related with low bleeding risk in Chinese CHD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y L Han
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Region, Shenyang 110016, China
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Yang QL, Shen JQ, Xue Y, Cheng XB, Jiang ZH, Yang YC, Chen YD, Zhou XN. Pathological Lesions and Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Expressions in the Liver of Mice Experimentally Infected with Clonorchis sinensis. Korean J Parasitol 2015; 53:777-83. [PMID: 26797449 PMCID: PMC4725231 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2015.53.6.777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The nitric oxide (NO) formation and intrinsic nitrosation may be involved in the possible mechanisms of liver fluke-associated carcinogenesis. We still do not know much about the responses of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) induced by Clonorchis sinensis infection. This study was conducted to explore the pathological lesions and iNOS expressions in the liver of mice with different infection intensity levels of C. sinensis. Extensive periductal inflammatory cell infiltration, bile duct hyperplasia, and fibrosis were commonly observed during the infection. The different pathological responses in liver tissues strongly correlated with the infection intensity of C. sinensis. Massive acute spotty necrosis occurred in the liver parenchyma after a severe infection. The iNOS activity in liver tissues increased, and iNOS-expressing cells with morphological differences were observed after a moderate or severe infection. The iNOS-expressing cells in liver tissues had multiple origins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Li Yang
- National Institute of Parasitic Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health; WHO Collaborating Centre for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis, Shanghai 200025, P. R. China
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Prevention and Control; Guangxi Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Control of Viral Hepatitis, Nanning 530028, P. R. China
| | - Ji-Qing Shen
- Department of Parasitology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, P. R. China
| | - Yan Xue
- Department of Parasitology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Bing Cheng
- Department of Parasitology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Hua Jiang
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Prevention and Control; Guangxi Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Control of Viral Hepatitis, Nanning 530028, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Chao Yang
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Prevention and Control; Guangxi Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Control of Viral Hepatitis, Nanning 530028, P. R. China
| | - Ying-Dan Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health; WHO Collaborating Centre for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis, Shanghai 200025, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Nong Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health; WHO Collaborating Centre for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis, Shanghai 200025, P. R. China
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Qian MB, Chen YD, Yang YC, Lu MF, Jiang ZH, Wei K, Wei SL, Zhou CH, Xu LQ, Zhou XN. Increasing prevalence and intensity of foodborne clonorchiasis, Hengxian County, China, 1989-2011. Emerg Infect Dis 2015; 20:1872-5. [PMID: 25340976 PMCID: PMC4214287 DOI: 10.3201/eid2011.131309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
During 1989–2011, three parasitic disease surveys were conducted in Hengxian County, China, where soil-transmitted helminthiases and foodborne clonorchiasis are endemic. We compared the data and found that the prevalence of helminthiases decreased and the prevalence and intensity of clonorchiasis increased over time, especially among men. Clonorchiasis control/intervention measures are urgently needed in this area.
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Li HM, Zhou CH, Li ZS, Deng ZH, Ruan CW, Zhang QM, Zhu TJ, Xu LQ, Chen YD. Risk factors for Enterobius vermicularis infection in children in Gaozhou, Guangdong, China. Infect Dis Poverty 2015; 4:28. [PMID: 26038691 PMCID: PMC4451960 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-015-0058-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enterobius vermicularis infection is a prevalent intestinal parasitic disease in children. In this study, we explored the epidemiological status and risk factors for E. vermicularis infection in children in southern China. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was carried out in Gaozhou city, Guangdong province, China, in December 2011. Children aged 2-12 years from five schools participated in the study. The adhesive cellophane-tape perianal swab method was applied to detect E. vermicularis infection, while a questionnaire was sent to each child's guardian(s) to collect demographic and socioeconomic data, as well as hygiene behaviors, pertaining to each child. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to capture the potential risk factors. RESULTS Out of the 802 children surveyed, 440 were infected with E. vermicularis, with an average prevalence of 54.86 %, and a range from 45.96 to 68.13 %. The age variable was found to be statistically significant, whereas the sex variable was not. It was found that a mother's education level (low) and not washing hands before dinner were major risk factors in all children (802). After stratification by age, a father's education level (primary or below) and biting pencils (or toys) were significant risk factors in the younger children (508), while not washing hands before dinner and playing on the ground were important risk factors in the older children (294). CONCLUSION This study demonstrates the prevalence of E. vermicularis infection in children in Gaozhou and reveals underlying risk factors. Most importantly, it reveals that risk factors differ among the different age groups, which indicates that different control measures targeted at particular age groups should be implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Mei Li
- />National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborative Center for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Chang-Hai Zhou
- />National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborative Center for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Zhi-Shi Li
- />Gaozhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Gaozhou, 515200 China
| | - Zhuo-Hui Deng
- />Guangdong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510000 China
| | - Cai-Wen Ruan
- />Guangdong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510000 China
| | - Qi-Ming Zhang
- />Guangdong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510000 China
| | - Ting-Jun Zhu
- />National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborative Center for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Long-Qi Xu
- />National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborative Center for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Ying-Dan Chen
- />National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborative Center for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, 200025 China
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Shen JQ, Yang QL, Xue Y, Cheng XB, Jiang ZH, Yang YC, Chen YD, Zhou XN. Inducible nitric oxide synthase response and associated cytokine gene expression in the spleen of mice infected with Clonorchis sinensis. Parasitol Res 2015; 114:1661-70. [PMID: 25687522 PMCID: PMC4412385 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-015-4347-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Clonorchis sinensis is a food-borne parasite that induces a permanent increase of nitrosation in the body upon infection. The spleen is an important secondary lymphoid organ for the regulation of immune responses locally and in the whole body. However, the functions and mechanisms of the spleen in nitric oxide (NO) responses after C. sinensis infection remain unknown. In this study, BALB/c mice were infected with 20, 40, and 80 C. sinensis metacercariae to simulate mild, moderate, and severe infections, respectively. We examined the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the spleen and the relevant cytokine transcription in splenocytes from the mice infected with different amounts of metacercariae. The iNOS of the mice infected with 80 metacercariae was expressed in the spleen as early as 10 days post-infection (dpi) and gradually increased until 90 dpi. The iNOS expression in the mice infected with 40 metacercariae was detected only at 45 and 90 dpi, but not in the mice infected with 20 metacercariae. The level of interferon (IFN)-γ messenger RNA (mRNA) transcription in splenocytes significantly increased at 10 and 20 dpi (P < 0.05) in response to mild/moderate infection but gradually decreased to normal levels after 45 dpi. The level of IL-12p35 mRNA transcription did not change at 10 and 20 dpi but significantly decreased after 45 dpi under moderate/severe infection (P < 0.05/0.01/0.001). The level of IL-18 mRNA transcription significantly increased at 10 dpi (P < 0.05/0.01) but significantly decreased after 20 dpi (P < 0.05/0.01/0.001). These results suggest that spleen is an important organ for iNOS/NO responses, which correspond to the severity of C. sinensis infection, but cannot be attributed to the expression of the Th1 cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Qing Shen
- Department of Parasitology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021 People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing-Li Yang
- National Institute of Parasitic Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, MOH, WHO Collaborating Centre for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis, Shanghai, 200025 People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Guangxi Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Control of Viral Hepatitis, Nanning, 530028 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Xue
- Department of Parasitology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Bing Cheng
- Department of Parasitology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Hua Jiang
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Guangxi Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Control of Viral Hepatitis, Nanning, 530028 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi-Chao Yang
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Guangxi Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Control of Viral Hepatitis, Nanning, 530028 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying-Dan Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, MOH, WHO Collaborating Centre for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis, Shanghai, 200025 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Nong Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, MOH, WHO Collaborating Centre for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis, Shanghai, 200025 People’s Republic of China
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Yang QL, Shen JQ, Jiang ZH, Yang YC, Li HM, Chen YD, Zhou XN. [Identification of Clonorchis sinensis metacercariae based on PCR targeting ribosomal DNA ITS regions and COX1 gene]. Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi 2014; 32:217-220. [PMID: 25223059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify Clonorchis sinensis metacercariae using PCR targeting ribosomal DNA ITS region and COX1 gene. METHODS Pseudorasbora parva were collected from Hengxian County of Guangxi at the end of May 2013. Single metacercaria of C. sinensis and other trematodes were separated from muscle tissue of P. parva by digestion method. Primers targeting ribosomal DNA ITS region and COX1 gene of C. sinensis were designed for PCR and the universal primers were used as control. The sensitivity and specificity of the PCR detection were analyzed. RESULTS C. sinensis metacercariae at different stages were identified by PCR. DNA from single C. sinensis metacercaria was detected by PCR targeting ribosomal DNA ITS region and COX1 gene. The specific amplicans have sizes of 437/549, 156/249 and 195/166 bp, respectively. The ratio of the two positive numbers in PCR with universal primers and specific primers targeting C. sinensis ribosomal DNA ITS1 and ITS2 regions was 0.905 and 0.952, respectively. The target gene fragments were amplified by PCR using COX1 gene-specific primers. The PCR with specific primers did not show any non-specific amplification. However, the PCR with universal primers targeting ribosomal DNA ITS regions performed serious non-specific amplification. CONCLUSION C. sinensis metacercariae at different stages are identified by morphological observation and PCR method. Species-specific primers targeting ribosomal DNA ITS region show higher sensitivity and specificity than the universal primers. PCR targeting COX1 gene shows similar sensitivity and specificity to PCR with specific primers targeting ribosomal DNA ITS regions.
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Chen YD, Wang JJ, Zhu HH, Zhu TJ, Zang W, Qian MB, Li HM, Zhou CH, Wang GF, Xu LQ. [Enterobius vermicularis infection status among children in 9 provinces/autonomous regions/municipalities of China]. Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi 2013; 31:251-255. [PMID: 24812872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the infection status of Enterobius vermicularis among children in 9 Provinces/Autonomous regions/Municipalities (P/A/M) of China, and analyze its risk factors. METHOD From April to December 2011, one provincial capital (prefecture-level city) and one county (city, district) were chosen as investigation spots from Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Chongqing, Sichuan, Zhejiang, Fujian, Anhui and Guizhou, respectively. Children aged 2 to 12 were examined by using adhesive cellophane anal swab with round-bottom tube. Information of children's family condition, health behavior and school environment were collected by questionnairing. RESULTS 14 964 children were examined, and 14 582 qualified questionnaires were collected. The total prevalence was 17.8% (2 659/14 964). Of the 9 P/A/M, the prevalence was highest in Hainan Province (51.1%, 869/1 701) and lowest in Anhui Province (0.8%, 13/1 589). The prevalence in urban areas (7.3%, 552/7 581) was lower than that of rural areas (28.5%, 2 107/7 383) (chi2 = 1156.73, P < 0.01). The highest prevalence in urban and rural areas was found in Haikou City(38.0%, 322/847) and Wanning City (64.1%, 547/854) of Hainan Province. The prevalence rate in males and females was 17.4% (1 410/8 128) and 18.3% (1249/6 834), respectively (chi2 = 2.192, P > 0.05). The highest prevalence in males (61.2%, 300/490) and females (67.9%, 247/364) was found in children of Wanning City. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that residence, education level of parents, occupation of parents, nail biting, types of classroom ground and type of boarding were the risk factors on E. vermicularis infection. CONCLUSION The prevalence of enterobiasis in children is still high in many areas of China, and the prevention and control measures should be taken according to the risk factors.
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Qian MB, Chen YD, Fang YY, Tan T, Zhu TJ, Zhou CH, Wang GF, Xu LQ, Zhou XN. Epidemiological profile of Clonorchis sinensis infection in one community, Guangdong, People's Republic of China. Parasit Vectors 2013; 6:194. [PMID: 23816055 PMCID: PMC3750548 DOI: 10.1186/1756-3305-6-194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2013] [Accepted: 06/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clonorchiasis caused by ingesting improperly prepared fish ranks among the most important but still neglected food-borne parasitic diseases, especially in the People's Republic of China (P.R. China). To promote the implementation of interventions efficiently, the demonstration of an epidemiological profile of Clonorchis sinensis infection is essential in hyper-epidemic areas. METHODS In one community with higher levels of economic development in Guangdong province, P.R. China, villagers were motivated to provide stool samples for examining helminth eggs. Then, those infected with C. sinensis completed the structured questionnaire including demographical characteristics, knowledge and behavior. RESULTS A total of 293 villagers infected with C. sinensis participated in questionnaire investigation. Among them, 94.54% were adult and 93.17% were indigenous. The geometric mean of C. sinensis eggs per gram of feces in the children, adult females and adult males was 58, 291 and 443, respectively. The divergence between knowledge and behavior in the adults, especially the adult males, was shown. Out of 228 persons eating raw fish, 160 did it more frequently at restaurants, the proportion of which varied in different populations, showing 25.00%, 54.88% and 80.28% in the children, adult females and adult males, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Different interventions need to be adopted in different populations. Chemotherapy should be prioritized in the adults, especially the adult males. In addition, health education targeting the children, is essential and may play a crucial role in controlling clonorchiasis in the long term. In order to successfully control clonorchiasis, intervention in the restaurant should not be overlooked in some endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Men-Bao Qian
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborative Center for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying-Dan Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborative Center for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue-Yi Fang
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tan Tan
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Shunde District, Shunde, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ting-Jun Zhu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborative Center for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chang-Hai Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborative Center for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guo-Fei Wang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborative Center for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Long-Qi Xu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborative Center for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Nong Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborative Center for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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46
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Qian MB, Chen YD, Zhou XN. [Research priorities for the control and elimination of major helminthiases]. Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi 2013; 31:155-159. [PMID: 24809202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In 2009, the Disease Reference Group on Helminth Infections (DRG4) was established by the Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR) to comprehensively review recent advances, identify gaps and rank priorities in helminthiases research towards control and elimination. Six major human helminthiases are targeted, namely onchocerciasis, lymphatic filariasis, soil-transmitted helminthiases, schistosomiasis, food-borne trematodiasis and cysticercosis/taeniasis. Systematic reports made by the DRG4 from such aspects as the impact of helminthiases, control and elimination, interventions, diagnostics, social-ecology and health systems, modeling, basic research and capacity building in research was published in PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases in 2012. Generalized introduction is presented here and further analysis of its influence on the research of the major helminthiases in China is done.
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Abstract
Recent publication of the global epidemiology of clonorchiasis and its relationship with cholangiocarcinoma in the journal of Infectious Diseases of Poverty has stressed the importance of Clonorchis sinensis infection. To further demonstrate its threat on public health, especially in China, comparisons between clonorchiasis and hepatitis B are made in terms of epidemiology, clinical symptoms and carcinogenicity, disability, as well as changing trends. Furthermore, major problems and prioritized researches are argued, from basic biology to intervention. Imbalance between the majority of infected population and the minority of researches in China urges for more work from Chinese scientists and international cooperation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Men-Bao Qian
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborative Center for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying-Dan Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborative Center for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Yan
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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Wang Q, Li SZ, Zhang L, Fu Q, Liu W, Xu J, Chen YD, Xia ZG, Chen Z, Wang LY, Zhou XN. [A cross analysis on the theoretical testing results on diagnosis of common parasitic diseases: national technique competition China]. Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi 2012; 30:378-386. [PMID: 23484279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand the theoretical level among technicians from disease control and prevention institutions on basic knowledge of parasitic disease diagnosis. METHODS A national competition on basic knowledge of parasitic disease detection was organized in September, 2011, with 119 technicians participating from disease control and prevention institutions at province, prefecture or county level in 30 provinces. Database was constructed with the essential information of participants and scores of testing results. T-test or one-way Anova methods were used to analyze the scores by gender, age, professional title, institutions and places of participants. RESULTS The scores of the competitors were in the range of 40-93 with an average value of 66.37 +/- 11.80 and a passing rate of 74.95%. No difference was shown by gender, age and professional tide (P > 0.05). Except the knowledge of helminth detection, the score on the knowledge in other aspects was higher among the technicians from provinces with control activities of schistosomiasis and other parasitic infections than those from provinces without the control activities (P < 0.05). The same was true in technicians from areas with or without malaria control activities (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The level of basic knowledge on parasite detection is low in general among technicians at the institutions of parasitic disease control, and therefore, training needs to be strengthened.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, MOH: WHO Collaborating Centre for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis, Shanghai 200025, China
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Qian MB, Chen YD, Liang S, Yang GJ, Zhou XN. The global epidemiology of clonorchiasis and its relation with cholangiocarcinoma. Infect Dis Poverty 2012; 1:4. [PMID: 23849183 PMCID: PMC3710150 DOI: 10.1186/2049-9957-1-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2012] [Accepted: 09/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper reviews the epidemiological status and characteristics of clonorchiasis at global level and the etiological relationship between Clonorchis sinensis infection and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). A conservative estimation was made that 15 million people were infected in the world in 2004, of which over 85% distributed in China. The epidemiology of clonorchiasis is characterized by rising trend in its prevalence, variability among sexes and age, as well as endemicity in different regions. More data indicate that C. sinensis infection is carcinogenic to human, and it is predicted that nearly 5 000 CCA cases attributed to C. sinensis infection may occur annually in the world decades later, with its overall odds ratio of 4.47. Clonorchiasis is becoming one major public health problem in east Asia, and it is worthwhile to carry out further epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Men-Bao Qian
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborative Center for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying-Dan Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborative Center for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Song Liang
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Guo-Jing Yang
- Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
- School of Public Health, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Nong Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborative Center for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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50
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Leng Y, Lu T, Yuan HL, Liu HC, Lu S, Zhang WW, Jiang YL, Chen YD. QSAR studies on imidazopyrazine derivatives as Aurora A kinase inhibitors. SAR QSAR Environ Res 2012; 23:705-730. [PMID: 22971111 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2012.719541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Aurora kinases have emerged as attractive targets for the development of novel anti-cancer agents. A combined study of molecular docking, pharmacophore modelling and 3D-QSAR was performed on a series of imidazo [1, 2-a] pyrazines as novel Aurora kinase inhibitors to gain insights into the structural determinants and their structure-activity relationship. An ensemble of conformations based on molecular docking was used for PHASE pharmacophore studies. The developed best-fitted pharmacophore model was validated by diverse chemotypes of Aurora A kinase inhibitors and was consistent with the structural requirements for the docked binding mechanism. Subsequently, the pharmacophore-based alignment was used to develop PHASE and comparative molecular similarity indices analysis (CoMSIA) 3D-QSAR models. The best CoMSIA model showed good statistics (q (2 )= 0.567, r (2 )= 0.992), and the predictive ability of the model was validated using an external test set of 13 compounds giving a satisfactory prediction ([Formula: see text]). The 3D contour maps provided insight into the binding mechanism and highlighted key structural features that are essential to the inhibitory activity. Based on the PHASE and CoMSIA 3D-QSAR results, a set of novel Aurora A inhibitors were designed that showed excellent potencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Leng
- Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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