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Lee J, Jang S, Im J, Han Y, Kim S, Jo H, Wang W, Cho U, Kim SI, Seol A, Kim B, Song YS. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 inhibition induces ER stress-mediated apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells. J Ovarian Res 2024; 17:73. [PMID: 38566208 PMCID: PMC10988872 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-024-01389-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a leading cause of death among gynecologic tumors, often detected at advanced stages. Metabolic reprogramming and increased lipid biosynthesis are key factors driving cancer cell growth. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) is a crucial enzyme involved in de novo lipid synthesis, producing mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). Here, we aimed to investigate the expression and significance of SCD1 in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Comparative analysis of normal ovarian surface epithelial (NOSE) tissues and cell lines revealed elevated SCD1 expression in EOC tissues and cells. Inhibition of SCD1 significantly reduced the proliferation of EOC cells and patient-derived organoids and induced apoptotic cell death. Interestingly, SCD1 inhibition did not affect the viability of non-cancer cells, indicating selective cytotoxicity against EOC cells. SCD1 inhibition on EOC cells induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress by activating the unfolded protein response (UPR) sensors and resulted in apoptosis. The addition of exogenous oleic acid, a product of SCD1, rescued EOC cells from ER stress-mediated apoptosis induced by SCD1 inhibition, underscoring the importance of lipid desaturation for cancer cell survival. Taken together, our findings suggest that the inhibition of SCD1 is a promising biomarker as well as a novel therapeutic target for ovarian cancer by regulating ER stress and inducing cancer cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juwon Lee
- WCU Biomodulation, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Suin Jang
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihye Im
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjin Han
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soochi Kim
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - HyunA Jo
- WCU Biomodulation, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wenyu Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Untack Cho
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Ik Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Aeran Seol
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Boyun Kim
- Department of SmartBio, College of Life and Health Science, Kyungsung University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Sang Song
- WCU Biomodulation, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Myongji Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
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Lee YH, Chun YH, Bae H, Lee JW, Kim HJ. Comparison of ultrasonography-based masticatory muscle thickness between temporomandibular disorders bruxers and temporomandibular disorders non-bruxers. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6923. [PMID: 38519584 PMCID: PMC10960048 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57696-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
To compare masticatory muscle thickness in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) during rest and clenching, and by body position, using ultrasonography. This prospective study included 96 patients with TMD (67 females, 29 males; mean age: 40.41 ± 17.88 years): group 1, comprising 66 patients with TMD without bruxism (TMD_nonbruxer), and group 2, comprising 30 patients with concurrent TMD and bruxism (TMD_bruxer). In patients with TMD, bruxism was correlated with the presence of tinnitus, muscle stiffness, sleep problems, psychological stress, and restricted mouth opening. The masseter muscle significantly thickened during clenching (11.16 ± 3.03 mm vs 14.04 ± 3.47 mm, p < 0.001), whereas the temporalis muscle showed no significant increase in thickness from resting to clenching in an upright position (7.91 ± 1.98 vs 8.39 ± 2.08, p = 0.103). Similarly, during clenching in the supine position, the masseter muscle was significantly thicker compared with rest (11.24 ± 2.42 vs 13.49 ± 3.09, p < 0.001), but no significant difference was observed in temporal muscle thickness (8.21 ± 2.16 vs 8.43 ± 1.94, p = 0.464). In comparison between two groups, the average thickness of the masseter muscle was greater among TMD_bruxers than among TMD_nonbruxers in both the upright and supine positions (all p < 0.05). In the generalized lineal model, female sex (B = - 1.018, 95% confidence interval [CI] - 1.855 to - 0.181, p = 0.017) and bruxism (B = 0.868, 95% CI 0.567 to 1.169, p = 0.048) significantly predicted changes in masseter muscle thickness. Female sex (B = - 0.201, 95% CI - 0.299 to - 0.103, p = 0.011), increased age (B = - 0.003, 95% CI - 0.005 to 0.000, p = 0.038), and muscle stiffness (B = - 1.373, 95% CI - 2.369 to - 0.376, p = 0.007) were linked to decreased temporal muscle thickness. Comparing TMD nonbruxer and bruxer muscle thicknesses in upright and supine positions revealed significant increased thickness in the masseter muscle during clenching but not in the temporalis muscle. Masseter muscle thickness varied significantly by sex, body position, and resting/clenching, notably influenced by bruxism. These findings emphasize the relevance of these factors in clinical examinations of patients with TMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon-Hee Lee
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Oral Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyung Hee University Dental Hospital, #613 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, South Korea.
| | - Yang-Hyun Chun
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Oral Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyung Hee University Dental Hospital, #613 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, South Korea
| | - Hyungkyu Bae
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, BK21 FOUR Project, Human Identification Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung-Woo Lee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, South Korea
| | - Hee-Jin Kim
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, BK21 FOUR Project, Human Identification Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
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Jang Y, Lee K, Lee C, Chu K, Lee SK, Won J, Lee S. Teratoma pathology and genomics in anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2024; 11:225-234. [PMID: 37986706 PMCID: PMC10791014 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ovarian teratoma is a common occurrence in patients with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis (NMDARe), and its removal is crucial for a favorable prognosis. However, the initial pathogenesis of autoimmunity in the encephalitic teratoma remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the genomic landscape and microscopic findings by comparing NMDARe-associated teratomas and non-encephalitic control teratomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS A prospective consecutive cohort of 84 patients with NMDARe was recruited from January 2014 to April 2020, and among them, patients who received teratoma removal surgery at Seoul National University Hospital were enrolled. We conducted a comparison of whole-exome sequencing data and pathologic findings between NMDARe-associated teratomas and control teratomas. RESULTS We found 18 NMDARe-associated teratomas from 15 patients and compared them with 17 non-encephalitic control teratomas. Interestingly, the genomic analysis revealed no significant differences in mutations between encephalitic and non-encephalitic teratomas. Pathologic analysis showed no discrepancies in terms of the presence of neuronal tissue and lymphocytic infiltration between the encephalitic teratomas (n = 14) and non-encephalitic teratomas (n = 18). However, rituximab-naïve encephalitic teratomas exhibited a higher frequency of germinal center formation compared to non-encephalitic teratomas (80% vs. 16.7%, P = 0.017). Additionally, rituximab-treated encephalitic teratomas demonstrated a reduced number of CD20+ cells and germinal centers in comparison to rituximab-naïve encephalitic teratomas (P = 0.048 and 0.023, respectively). DISCUSSION These results suggest that the initiation of immunopathogenesis in NMDARe-associated teratoma is not primarily attributed to intrinsic tumor mutations, but rather to immune factors present in the encephalitic patient group, ultimately leading to germinal center formation within the teratoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonhyuk Jang
- Department of NeurologySeoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Kwanghoon Lee
- Department of PathologySeoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Cheol Lee
- Department of PathologySeoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Kon Chu
- Department of NeurologySeoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Sang Kun Lee
- Department of NeurologySeoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Jae‐Kyung Won
- Department of PathologySeoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Soon‐Tae Lee
- Department of NeurologySeoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
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Lee H, Joo J, Song J, Kim H, Kim YH, Park HR. Immunological link between periodontitis and type 2 diabetes deciphered by single-cell RNA analysis. Clin Transl Med 2023; 13:e1503. [PMID: 38082425 PMCID: PMC10713875 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex metabolic disorder that causes various complications, including periodontitis (PD). Although a bidirectional relationship has been reported between DM and PD, their immunological relationship remains poorly understood. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the immune response in patients with PD alone and in those with both PD and DM (PDDM) to expand our knowledge of the complicated connection between PD and DM. METHODS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were collected from 11 healthy controls, 10 patients with PD without DM, and six patients with PDDM, followed by analysis using single-cell RNA sequencing. The differences among groups were then compared based on intracellular and intercellular perspectives. RESULTS Compared to the healthy state, classical monocytes exhibited the highest degree of transcriptional change, with elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in both PD and PDDM. DM diminished the effector function of CD8+ T and natural killer (NK) cells as well as completely modified the differentiation direction of these cells. Interestingly, a prominent pathway, RESISTIN, which is known to increase insulin resistance and susceptibility to diabetes, was found to be activated under both PD and PDDM conditions. In particular, CAP1+ classical monocytes from patients with PD and PDDM showed elevated nuclear factor kappa B-inducing kinase activity. CONCLUSIONS Overall, this study elucidates how the presence of DM contributes to the deterioration of T/NK cell immunity and the immunological basis connecting PD to DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hansong Lee
- Medical Research InstitutePusan National UniversityYangsanRepublic of Korea
| | - Ji‐Young Joo
- Department of PeriodontologySchool of Dentistry, Pusan National UniversityYangsanRepublic of Korea
| | - Jae‐Min Song
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgerySchool of Dentistry, Pusan National UniversityYangsanRepublic of Korea
| | - Hyun‐Joo Kim
- Department of PeriodontologyDental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National UniversityYangsanRepublic of Korea
- Department of Periodontology and Dental Research InstitutePusan National University Dental HospitalYangsanRepublic of Korea
- Periodontal Disease Signaling Network Research CenterSchool of Dentistry, Pusan National UniversityYangsanRepublic of Korea
| | - Yun Hak Kim
- Periodontal Disease Signaling Network Research CenterSchool of Dentistry, Pusan National UniversityYangsanRepublic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of MedicinePusan National UniversityYangsanRepublic of Korea
- Department of AnatomySchool of Medicine, Pusan National UniversityYangsanRepublic of Korea
| | - Hae Ryoun Park
- Department of Periodontology and Dental Research InstitutePusan National University Dental HospitalYangsanRepublic of Korea
- Periodontal Disease Signaling Network Research CenterSchool of Dentistry, Pusan National UniversityYangsanRepublic of Korea
- Department of Oral PathologyDental and Life Science Institute, Pusan National UniversityYangsanRepublic of Korea
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Yoon DE, Lee S, Kim J, Kim K, Park HJ, Napadow V, Lee IS, Chae Y. Graded brain fMRI response to somatic and visual acupuncture stimulation. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:11269-11278. [PMID: 37804240 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased stimulation can enhance acupuncture clinical response; however, the impact of acupuncture stimulation as "dosage" has rarely been studied. Furthermore, acupuncture can include both somatic and visual components. We assessed both somatic and visual acupuncture dosage effects on sensory ratings and brain response. Twenty-four healthy participants received somatic (needle inserted, manually stimulated) and visual (needle video, no manual stimulation) acupuncture over the leg at three different dosage levels (control, low-dose, and high-dose) during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Participants reported the perceived deqi sensation for each acupuncture dose level. Blood-oxygen-level dependent imaging data were analyzed by general linear model and multivariate pattern analysis. For both somatic and visual acupuncture, reported deqi sensation increased with increased dosage of acupuncture stimulation. Brain fMRI analysis demonstrated that higher dosage of somatic acupuncture produced greater brain responses in sensorimotor processing areas, including anterior and posterior insula and secondary somatosensory cortex. For visual acupuncture, higher dosage of stimulation produced greater brain responses in visual-processing areas, including the middle temporal visual areas (V5/MT+) and occipital cortex. Psychophysical and psychophysiological responses to both somatic and visual acupuncture were graded in response to higher doses. Our findings suggest that acupuncture response may be enhanced by the dosage of needling-specific and nonspecific components, represented by different neural mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Eun Yoon
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seoyoung Lee
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jundong Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Dermatology of Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02247, Korea
| | - Kyuseok Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology and Dermatology of Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02247, Korea
| | - Hi-Joon Park
- Acupuncture & Meridian Science Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02247, Korea
| | - Vitaly Napadow
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States
| | - In-Seon Lee
- Acupuncture & Meridian Science Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02247, Korea
| | - Younbyoung Chae
- Acupuncture & Meridian Science Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02247, Korea
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States
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Pham NT, Phan LT, Seo J, Kim Y, Song M, Lee S, Jeon YJ, Manavalan B. Advancing the accuracy of SARS-CoV-2 phosphorylation site detection via meta-learning approach. Brief Bioinform 2023; 25:bbad433. [PMID: 38058187 PMCID: PMC10753650 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbad433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The worldwide appearance of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has generated significant concern and posed a considerable challenge to global health. Phosphorylation is a common post-translational modification that affects many vital cellular functions and is closely associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Precise identification of phosphorylation sites could provide more in-depth insight into the processes underlying SARS-CoV-2 infection and help alleviate the continuing COVID-19 crisis. Currently, available computational tools for predicting these sites lack accuracy and effectiveness. In this study, we designed an innovative meta-learning model, Meta-Learning for Serine/Threonine Phosphorylation (MeL-STPhos), to precisely identify protein phosphorylation sites. We initially performed a comprehensive assessment of 29 unique sequence-derived features, establishing prediction models for each using 14 renowned machine learning methods, ranging from traditional classifiers to advanced deep learning algorithms. We then selected the most effective model for each feature by integrating the predicted values. Rigorous feature selection strategies were employed to identify the optimal base models and classifier(s) for each cell-specific dataset. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report two cell-specific models and a generic model for phosphorylation site prediction by utilizing an extensive range of sequence-derived features and machine learning algorithms. Extensive cross-validation and independent testing revealed that MeL-STPhos surpasses existing state-of-the-art tools for phosphorylation site prediction. We also developed a publicly accessible platform at https://balalab-skku.org/MeL-STPhos. We believe that MeL-STPhos will serve as a valuable tool for accelerating the discovery of serine/threonine phosphorylation sites and elucidating their role in post-translational regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nhat Truong Pham
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology and of Biopharmaceutical Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Le Thi Phan
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology and of Biopharmaceutical Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jimin Seo
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology and of Biopharmaceutical Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonwoo Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology and of Biopharmaceutical Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Minkyung Song
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology and of Biopharmaceutical Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukchan Lee
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology and of Biopharmaceutical Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jun Jeon
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology and of Biopharmaceutical Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Balachandran Manavalan
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology and of Biopharmaceutical Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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Pham NT, Rakkiyapan R, Park J, Malik A, Manavalan B. H2Opred: a robust and efficient hybrid deep learning model for predicting 2'-O-methylation sites in human RNA. Brief Bioinform 2023; 25:bbad476. [PMID: 38180830 PMCID: PMC10768780 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbad476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
2'-O-methylation (2OM) is the most common post-transcriptional modification of RNA. It plays a crucial role in RNA splicing, RNA stability and innate immunity. Despite advances in high-throughput detection, the chemical stability of 2OM makes it difficult to detect and map in messenger RNA. Therefore, bioinformatics tools have been developed using machine learning (ML) algorithms to identify 2OM sites. These tools have made significant progress, but their performances remain unsatisfactory and need further improvement. In this study, we introduced H2Opred, a novel hybrid deep learning (HDL) model for accurately identifying 2OM sites in human RNA. Notably, this is the first application of HDL in developing four nucleotide-specific models [adenine (A2OM), cytosine (C2OM), guanine (G2OM) and uracil (U2OM)] as well as a generic model (N2OM). H2Opred incorporated both stacked 1D convolutional neural network (1D-CNN) blocks and stacked attention-based bidirectional gated recurrent unit (Bi-GRU-Att) blocks. 1D-CNN blocks learned effective feature representations from 14 conventional descriptors, while Bi-GRU-Att blocks learned feature representations from five natural language processing-based embeddings extracted from RNA sequences. H2Opred integrated these feature representations to make the final prediction. Rigorous cross-validation analysis demonstrated that H2Opred consistently outperforms conventional ML-based single-feature models on five different datasets. Moreover, the generic model of H2Opred demonstrated a remarkable performance on both training and testing datasets, significantly outperforming the existing predictor and other four nucleotide-specific H2Opred models. To enhance accessibility and usability, we have deployed a user-friendly web server for H2Opred, accessible at https://balalab-skku.org/H2Opred/. This platform will serve as an invaluable tool for accurately predicting 2OM sites within human RNA, thereby facilitating broader applications in relevant research endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nhat Truong Pham
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Rajan Rakkiyapan
- Department of Mathematics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore - 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jongsun Park
- InfoBoss inc. and InfoBoss Research Center, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06278, Republic of Korea
| | - Adeel Malik
- Institute of Intelligence Informatics Technology, Sangmyung University, Seoul, 03016, Republic of Korea
| | - Balachandran Manavalan
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
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Choi G, Ha Y, Kim DH, Shin S, Hyun J, Kim S, Oh SH, Min KS. Assessing the manufacturable 32-channel cochlear electrode array: evaluation results for clinical trials. Biomed Microdevices 2023; 25:41. [PMID: 37870619 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-023-00681-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Reliability evaluation results of a manufacturable 32-channel cochlear electrode array are reported in this paper. Applying automated laser micro-machining process and a layer-by-layer silicone deposition scheme, authors developed the manufacturing methods of the electrode array for fine patterning and mass production. The developed electrode array has been verified through the requirements specified by the ISO Standard 14708-7. And the insertion trauma of the electrode array has been evaluated based on human temporal bone studies. According to the specified requirements, the electrode array was assessed through elongation & insulation, flexural, and fatigue tests. In addition, Temporal bone study was performed using eight fresh-frozen cadaver temporal bones with the electrode arrays inserted via the round window. Following soaking in saline condition, the impedances between conducting wires of the electrode array were measured over 100 kΩ (the pass/fail criterion). After each required test, it was shown that the electrode array maintained the electrical continuity and insulation condition. The average insertion angle of the electrode array inside the scala tympani was 399.7°. The human temporal bone studies exhibited atraumatic insertion rate of 60.3% (grade 0 or 1). The reliability of the manufacturable electrode array is successfully verified in mechanical, electrical, and histological aspects. Following the completion of a 32-channel cochlear implant system, the performance and stability of the 32-channel electrode array will be evaluated in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yoonhee Ha
- TODOC Co., Ltd., Seoul, 08394, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | - Seung-Ha Oh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
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Han JH, Ju HJ, Kang H, Lee JH, Lee S, Bae JM. Autoimmune, inflammatory, allergic and neuropsychiatric outcomes of offspring born to mothers with vitiligo: a nationwide Korean population-based birth cohort study. Br J Dermatol 2023; 189:488-490. [PMID: 37335952 DOI: 10.1093/bjd/ljad196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
This study analysed a nationwide cohort from birth up to 17 years of age and tried to adjust for various confounding factors that could potentially influence disease development. Our findings showed that offspring born to mothers with vitiligo had a significantly higher risk of vitiligo, alopecia areata and atopic dermatitis compared with the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Hee Han
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Jeong Ju
- Department of Dermatology, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hyun Kang
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Ji Hae Lee
- Department of Dermatology, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Solam Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Jung Min Bae
- Department of Dermatology, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
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Kim H, Kwon R, Lee H, Lee SW, Rahmati M, Koyanagi A, Smith L, Kim MS, López Sánchez GF, Elena D, Yeo SG, Shin JI, Cho W, Yon DK. Viral load dynamics and shedding kinetics of mpox infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Travel Med 2023; 30:taad111. [PMID: 37581603 DOI: 10.1093/jtm/taad111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Viral load dynamics and shedding kinetics are critical factors for studying infectious diseases. However, evidence on the viral dynamics of mpox remains limited and inconclusive. Thus, we aimed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the viral load and viability of the re-emerged mpox virus since 2022. METHODS For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase and Google Scholar for published articles that are related to mpox viral dynamics up to April 2023. RESULTS From 19 studies, 880 samples and 1477 specimens were collected. The pooled median Ct values appeared in the following order: skin lesion [Ct value 21.7 (IQR 17.8-25.5)], anorectal [22.3 (16.9-27.6)], saliva [25.9 (22.5-31.1)], oral [29.0 (24.5-32.8)], semen [29.6 (25.9-33.4)], urine [30.5 (24.6-36.4)], pharyngeal [31.9 (26.5-37.3)], urethra [33.0 (28.0-35.0)] and blood [33.2 (30.4-36.1)]. People living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have a lower Ct value in the skin [skin HIV+, 19.2 (18.3-20.0) vs skin HIV-, 25.4 (21.2-29.0)]. From the Ct values and test day since symptom onset, we identified temporal trends of viral load for each specimen type. Changes in the trend were observed at 4 days in saliva, 5 days in blood, 6 days in skin, 7 days in anorectal, urine, semen and pharyngeal and 8 days in the urethra. We determined optimal Ct cutoff values for anorectal (34.0), saliva (27.7) and urethra (33.0) specimens, where a Ct value above each cutoff suggests minimal viral viability. Using these cutoff values, we derived the duration of viable viral isolation in each specific specimen type (anorectal 19 days, saliva 14 days and urethra 14 days). CONCLUSION Skin lesion, anorectal and saliva samples contained the highest viral load. The peak viral load manifests within 4-8 days after symptom onset, and viable virus detection was presumed to cease within 14-19 days from symptom onset in anorectal, saliva and urethral samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakyoung Kim
- Department of Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul 02447, South Korea
| | - Rosie Kwon
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul 02447, South Korea
- Department of Regulatory Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, South Korea
| | - Hojae Lee
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul 02447, South Korea
- Department of Regulatory Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, South Korea
| | - Seung Won Lee
- Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Masoud Rahmati
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, Lorestan University, Khoramabad 6815144316, Iran
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Vali-E-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan 7718897111, Iran
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona 08830, Spain
| | - Lee Smith
- Centre for Health, Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK
| | - Min Seo Kim
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Guillermo F López Sánchez
- Division of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia 30120, Spain
| | - Dragioti Elena
- Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Pain and Rehabilitation Centre, Linköping University, Linköping 581 83, Sweden
- Research Laboratory Psychology of Patients, Families, and Health Professionals, Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45221, Greece
| | - Seung Geun Yeo
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul 02447, South Korea
| | - Jae Il Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, South Korea
- Severance Underwood Meta-research Center, Institute of Convergence Science, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, South Korea
| | - Wonyoung Cho
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul 02447, South Korea
| | - Dong Keon Yon
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul 02447, South Korea
- Department of Regulatory Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, South Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul 02447, South Korea
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11
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Jang JH, Kim JH, Park HS. Current Issues in the Management of IgG Subclass Deficiencies in Adults With Chronic Respiratory Diseases. Allergy Asthma Immunol Res 2023; 15:562-579. [PMID: 37827977 PMCID: PMC10570785 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2023.15.5.562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs) are uncommon in adults; however, immunoglobulin G subclass deficiency (IGGSCD) is often found in a subset of adult patients with chronic respiratory diseases. As quantitative laboratory tests are used to diagnose IGGSCD, the clinical significance of IGGSCD remains controversial. However, respiratory infection is a common presenting feature of IGGSCD, and respiratory complications are responsible for subsequent morbidities, such as severe asthma, bronchiectasis, chronic obstructive airway diseases, and mortality. This review summarizes the current epidemiological data for PIDs, focusing on IGGSCD in the adult population. In addition, the investigation, treatment, and management strategies are detailed, including distinct issues faced by patients with chronic airway disease and their physicians in the proper diagnosis and treatment of IGGSCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hyuk Jang
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University Medical Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Joo-Hee Kim
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - Hae-Sim Park
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University Medical Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
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12
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Lee SH, Sohn JH, Kim C, Kim YJ, Jeon JP, Yang J, Park SY, Choi HJ. Pre-stroke glycemic variability estimated by glycated albumin predicts hematoma expansion and poor outcomes in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12848. [PMID: 37553363 PMCID: PMC10409739 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40109-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycemic variability has been shown to be correlated more with oxidative stress than chronic hyperglycemia. We evaluated the impact of pre-stroke glycemic variability measured using glycated albumin (GA) on hematoma expansion and clinical outcomes following spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). We consecutively enrolled 343 patients with ICH for 72 months using a single-center registry database. The primary outcome measure was hematoma expansion. The secondary outcome measures were early neurological deterioration (END), 1-month mortality, and 3-month poor functional outcomes (modified Rankin scale score of 4-6). The patients were divided into two groups based on pre-stroke glycemic variability: a higher GA group (GA ≥ 16.0%) and a lower GA group (GA < 16.0%). During the study period, there were 63 (18.4%) events of hematoma expansion, 61 (17.8%) of END, 45 (13.1%) of 1-month mortality, and 45 (13.1%) of 3-month poor functional outcomes after ICH. The higher GA group (36.4%) had higher rates of hematoma expansion, END, 1-month mortality, and 3-month poor functional outcomes than the lower GA group. Multivariate analysis showed that a higher GA level was significantly associated with increased hematoma expansion (adjusted odds ratio 5.83; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.58-13.19, p < 0.001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of GA (0.83; 95% CI 0.48-0.65) for predicting hematoma expansion was higher than that of glycated hemoglobin (0.57; 95% CI 0.48-0.65, p for DeLong's pairwise comparison < 0.001). Higher GA levels could be a reliable marker for predicting hematoma expansion and poor outcomes following ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Hwa Lee
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon, South Korea
- Institute of New Frontier Research Team, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Jong-Hee Sohn
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon, South Korea
- Institute of New Frontier Research Team, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Chulho Kim
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon, South Korea
- Institute of New Frontier Research Team, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Yeo Jin Kim
- Department of Neurology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Pyeong Jeon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hallym University Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon, South Korea
- Institute of New Frontier Research Team, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Jinseo Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hallym University Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - So Young Park
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyuk Jai Choi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hallym University Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon, South Korea.
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13
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Correction to: Longitudinal Assessment of Anti-Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Immune Responses for Six Months Based on the Clinical Severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019. J Infect Dis 2023; 227:736. [PMID: 35947875 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiac124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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14
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Luo J, Agboola F, Grant E, Morris JC, Masters CL, Albert MS, Johnson SC, McDade EM, Fagan AM, Benzinger TLS, Hassenstab J, Bateman RJ, Perrin RJ, Wang G, Li Y, Gordon B, Cruchaga C, Day GS, Levin J, Vöglein J, Ikeuchi T, Suzuki K, Allegri RF, Xiong C. Accelerated longitudinal changes and ordering of Alzheimer disease biomarkers across the adult lifespan. Brain 2022; 145:4459-4473. [PMID: 35925685 PMCID: PMC10200301 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The temporal evolutions and relative orderings of Alzheimer disease biomarkers, including CSF amyloid-β42 (Aβ42), Aβ40, total tau (Tau) and phosphorylated tau181 (pTau181), standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) from the molecular imaging of cerebral fibrillar amyloid-β with PET using the 11C-Pittsburgh Compound-B (PiB), MRI-based hippocampal volume and cortical thickness and cognition have been hypothesized but not yet fully tested with longitudinal data for all major biomarker modalities among cognitively normal individuals across the adult lifespan starting from 18 years. By leveraging a large harmonized database from 8 biomarker studies with longitudinal data from 2609 participants in cognition, 873 in MRI biomarkers, 519 in PET PiB imaging and 475 in CSF biomarkers for a median follow-up of 5-6 years, we estimated the longitudinal trajectories of all major Alzheimer disease biomarkers as functions of baseline age that spanned from 18 to 103 years, located the baseline age window at which the longitudinal rates of change accelerated and further examined possible modifying effects of apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype. We observed that participants 18-45 years at baseline exhibited learning effects on cognition and unexpected directions of change on CSF and PiB biomarkers. The earliest acceleration of longitudinal change occurred for CSF Aβ42 and Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio (with an increase) and for Tau, and pTau181 (with a decrease) at the next baseline age interval of 45-50 years, followed by an accelerated increase for PiB SUVR at the baseline age of 50-55 years and an accelerated decrease for hippocampal volume at the baseline age of 55-60 years and finally by an accelerated decline for cortical thickness and cognition at the baseline age of 65-70 years. Another acceleration in the rate of change occurred at the baseline age of 65-70 years for Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio, Tau, pTau181, PiB SUVR and hippocampal volume. Accelerated declines in hippocampal volume and cognition continued after 70 years. For participants 18-45 years at baseline, significant increases in Aβ42 and Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio and decreases in PiB SUVR occurred in APOE ɛ4 non-carriers but not carriers. After age 45 years, APOE ɛ4 carriers had greater magnitudes than non-carriers in the rates of change for all CSF biomarkers, PiB SUVR and cognition. Our results characterize the temporal evolutions and relative orderings of Alzheimer disease biomarkers across the adult lifespan and the modification effect of APOE ɛ4. These findings may better inform the design of prevention trials on Alzheimer disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingqin Luo
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Siteman Cancer Center Biostatistics Core, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Folasade Agboola
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Elizabeth Grant
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - John C Morris
- Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Departments of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Colin L Masters
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Marilyn S Albert
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sterling C Johnson
- Wisconsin Alzheimer’s Institute and Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, William S. Middleton Veterans Memorial Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Eric M McDade
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Anne M Fagan
- Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tammie L S Benzinger
- Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jason Hassenstab
- Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Randall J Bateman
- Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Richard J Perrin
- Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Departments of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Guoqiao Wang
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yan Li
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Brian Gordon
- Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Carlos Cruchaga
- Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Gregory S Day
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Johannes Levin
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Jonathan Vöglein
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Takeshi Ikeuchi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8585, Japan
| | - Kazushi Suzuki
- Unit for Early and Exploratory Clinical Development, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ricardo F Allegri
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, Institute for Neurological Research Fleni, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Chengjie Xiong
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Lee KS, Kim ES. Explainable Artificial Intelligence in the Early Diagnosis of Gastrointestinal Disease. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:2740. [PMID: 36359583 PMCID: PMC9689865 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12112740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study reviews the recent progress of explainable artificial intelligence for the early diagnosis of gastrointestinal disease (GID). The source of data was eight original studies in PubMed. The search terms were "gastrointestinal" (title) together with "random forest" or "explainable artificial intelligence" (abstract). The eligibility criteria were the dependent variable of GID or a strongly associated disease, the intervention(s) of artificial intelligence, the outcome(s) of accuracy and/or the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), the outcome(s) of variable importance and/or the Shapley additive explanations (SHAP), a publication year of 2020 or later, and the publication language of English. The ranges of performance measures were reported to be 0.70-0.98 for accuracy, 0.04-0.25 for sensitivity, and 0.54-0.94 for the AUC. The following factors were discovered to be top-10 predictors of gastrointestinal bleeding in the intensive care unit: mean arterial pressure (max), bicarbonate (min), creatinine (max), PMN, heart rate (mean), Glasgow Coma Scale, age, respiratory rate (mean), prothrombin time (max) and aminotransferase aspartate (max). In a similar vein, the following variables were found to be top-10 predictors for the intake of almond, avocado, broccoli, walnut, whole-grain barley, and/or whole-grain oat: Roseburia undefined, Lachnospira spp., Oscillibacter undefined, Subdoligranulum spp., Streptococcus salivarius subsp. thermophiles, Parabacteroides distasonis, Roseburia spp., Anaerostipes spp., Lachnospiraceae ND3007 group undefined, and Ruminiclostridium spp. Explainable artificial intelligence provides an effective, non-invasive decision support system for the early diagnosis of GID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang-Sig Lee
- AI Center, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Eun Sun Kim
- Department of Gastroenterology, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul 02841, Korea
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Yoon W, Jackson R, Lagerberg A, Kang J. Sequence Tagging For Biomedical Extractive Question Answering. Bioinformatics 2022; 38:3794-3801. [PMID: 35713500 PMCID: PMC9344839 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btac397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Current studies in extractive question answering (EQA) have modeled the single-span extraction setting, where a single answer span is a label to predict for a given question-passage pair. This setting is natural for general domain EQA as the majority of the questions in the general domain can be answered with a single span. Following general domain EQA models, current biomedical EQA (BioEQA) models utilize the single-span extraction setting with post-processing steps. RESULTS In this paper, we investigate the question distribution across the general and biomedical domains and discover biomedical questions are more likely to require list-type answers (multiple answers) than factoid-type answers (single answer). This necessitates the models capable of producing multiple answers for a question. Based on this preliminary study, we propose a sequence tagging approach for BioEQA, which is a multi-span extraction setting. Our approach directly tackles questions with a variable number of phrases as their answer and can learn to decide the number of answers for a question from training data. Our experimental results on the BioASQ 7 b and 8 b list-type questions outperformed the best-performing existing models without requiring post-processing steps. AVAILABILITY Source codes and resources are freely available for download at https://github.com/dmis-lab/SeqTagQA. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jaewoo Kang
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. or
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17
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Min HD, Hur S, Lee JH, Yoon CJ, Choi WS, Lee S. Noninvasive assessment of foot perfusion in cholesterol-fed rabbits using dynamic volume perfusion CT with an upslope method. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8894. [PMID: 35614120 PMCID: PMC9132895 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12756-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the feasibility of dynamic foot volume CT with the upslope method and to demonstrate macrovascular reactivity and microvascular perfusion during cuff-induced reactive hyperemia state in cholesterol-fed rabbits. 30 New Zealand male rabbits were divided into 2 groups: dietary hypercholesterolemia (n = 10) and normal diet control (n = 20). To measure for macrovascular reactivity, perfusion parameters of the left posterior tibial artery was measured at baseline and at reactive hyperemia state. For the evaluation of microvascular perfusion, color-coded perfusion map of the plantar dermis was generated for perfusion CT scan by an in-house developed dedicated analysis software based on upslope method. Dermal perfusion values were measured and analyzed before and after cuff-induced reactive hyperemia. Foot dynamic volume CT with the upslope method demonstrated significant impairment of both macrovascular reactivity and microvascular perfusion in cholesterol-fed rabbits without significant macrovascular lesions during cuff-induced reactive hyperemia (CRH) state. Arterial time-to-peak of cholesterol-fed rabbits failed to show acceleration while chow-fed rabbits showed significant decrease in time. Microvascular perfusion calculated by perfusion value (P < 0.01) and perfusion ratio (P = .014) showed decreased microvascular perfusion in cholesterol-fed rabbits compared to chow-fed rabbits during CRH state. Post-CT pathologic examination revealed decreased endothelial cell density in cholesterol-fed rabbits (P < 0.001). Foot perfusion CT using upslope method provides perfusion parameters for large arteries and a perfusion map of the foot during cuff-induced reactive hyperemia in cholesterol-fed rabbits. It may be a useful tool to assess microvascular reactivity in patients with peripheral artery disease but no apparent macrovascular lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hooney Daniel Min
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-ro 173beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13620, South Korea
| | - Saebeom Hur
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hwan Lee
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-ro 173beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13620, South Korea.
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chang Jin Yoon
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-ro 173beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13620, South Korea
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Seok Choi
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-ro 173beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13620, South Korea
| | - Seunghyun Lee
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
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Shin YH, Yun HW, Park SY, Choi SJ, Park IS, Min BH, Kim JK. Effect of glutaraldehyde-crosslinked cartilage acellular matrix film on anti-adhesion and nerve regeneration in a rat sciatic nerve injury model. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2021; 15:1023-1036. [PMID: 34591344 DOI: 10.1002/term.3249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Decellularized extra-cellular matrix (ECM) has been studied as an alternative to anti-adhesive biomaterials and cartilage acellular matrix (CAM) has been shown to inhibit postoperative adhesion in several organs. This study aimed to evaluate the suitability of glutaraldehyde (GA) crosslinked CAM-films as anti-adhesion barriers for peripheral nerve injury. The films were successfully fabricated and showed improved physical properties such as mechanical strength, swelling ratio, and lengthened degradation period while maintaining the microstructure and chemical composition after GA crosslinking. In the in vitro study of CAM-film, the dsDNA content met the recommended limit of decellularization and more than 70% of the major ECM components were preserved after decellularization. The adhesion and proliferation of seeded human umbilical vein endothelial cells and fibroblasts were significantly lower in CAM-film than in control, but similar with Seprafilm. However, the CAM-film extract did not show cytotoxicity. In the in vivo study, the peri-neural fibrosis was thicker, adhesion score higher, and peri-neural collagen fibers more abundant in the control group than in the CAM-film group. The total number of myelinated axons was significantly higher in the CAM-film group than in the control group. The inflammatory marker decreased with time in the CAM-film group compared to that in the control group, whereas the nerve regenerative marker expression was maintained. Moreover, the ankle angles at contracture and toe-off were higher in the CAM film-treated rats than in the control rats. GA-crosslinked CAM films may be used during peripheral nerve surgery to prevent peri-neural adhesion and enhance nerve functional recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Ho Shin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee-Woong Yun
- Cell Therapy Center, Ajou Medical Center, Suwon, Korea
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Suk Young Park
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soon Jin Choi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - In-Su Park
- Cell Therapy Center, Ajou Medical Center, Suwon, Korea
| | - Byoung-Hyun Min
- Cell Therapy Center, Ajou Medical Center, Suwon, Korea
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jae Kwang Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Roel E, Pistillo A, Recalde M, Sena AG, Fernández-Bertolín S, Aragón M, Puente D, Ahmed WUR, Alghoul H, Alser O, Alshammari TM, Areia C, Blacketer C, Carter W, Casajust P, Culhane AC, Dawoud D, DeFalco F, DuVall SL, Falconer T, Golozar A, Gong M, Hester L, Hripcsak G, Tan EH, Jeon H, Jonnagaddala J, Lai LYH, Lynch KE, Matheny ME, Morales DR, Natarajan K, Nyberg F, Ostropolets A, Posada JD, Prats-Uribe A, Reich CG, Rivera DR, Schilling LM, Soerjomataram I, Shah K, Shah NH, Shen Y, Spotniz M, Subbian V, Suchard MA, Trama A, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Ryan PB, Prieto-Alhambra D, Kostka K, Duarte-Salles T. Characteristics and Outcomes of Over 300,000 Patients with COVID-19 and History of Cancer in the United States and Spain. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2021; 30:1884-1894. [PMID: 34272262 PMCID: PMC8974356 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-21-0266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We described the demographics, cancer subtypes, comorbidities, and outcomes of patients with a history of cancer and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Second, we compared patients hospitalized with COVID-19 to patients diagnosed with COVID-19 and patients hospitalized with influenza. METHODS We conducted a cohort study using eight routinely collected health care databases from Spain and the United States, standardized to the Observational Medical Outcome Partnership common data model. Three cohorts of patients with a history of cancer were included: (i) diagnosed with COVID-19, (ii) hospitalized with COVID-19, and (iii) hospitalized with influenza in 2017 to 2018. Patients were followed from index date to 30 days or death. We reported demographics, cancer subtypes, comorbidities, and 30-day outcomes. RESULTS We included 366,050 and 119,597 patients diagnosed and hospitalized with COVID-19, respectively. Prostate and breast cancers were the most frequent cancers (range: 5%-18% and 1%-14% in the diagnosed cohort, respectively). Hematologic malignancies were also frequent, with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma being among the five most common cancer subtypes in the diagnosed cohort. Overall, patients were aged above 65 years and had multiple comorbidities. Occurrence of death ranged from 2% to 14% and from 6% to 26% in the diagnosed and hospitalized COVID-19 cohorts, respectively. Patients hospitalized with influenza (n = 67,743) had a similar distribution of cancer subtypes, sex, age, and comorbidities but lower occurrence of adverse events. CONCLUSIONS Patients with a history of cancer and COVID-19 had multiple comorbidities and a high occurrence of COVID-19-related events. Hematologic malignancies were frequent. IMPACT This study provides epidemiologic characteristics that can inform clinical care and etiologic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Roel
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea Pistillo
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Martina Recalde
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anthony G Sena
- Janssen Research and Development, Titusville, New Jersey
- Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sergio Fernández-Bertolín
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Aragón
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Diana Puente
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Waheed-Ul-Rahman Ahmed
- NDORMS, University of Oxford, Botnar Research Centre, Windmill Road, Oxford, United Kingdom
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, St Luke's Campus, Heavitree Road, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Heba Alghoul
- Faculty of Medicine, Islamic University of Gaza, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Osaid Alser
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Thamir M Alshammari
- Medication Safety Research Chair, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Carlos Areia
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - William Carter
- Data Science to Patient Value Program, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Paula Casajust
- Real-World Evidence, Trial Form Support, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aedin C Culhane
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Dalia Dawoud
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Frank DeFalco
- Janssen Research and Development, Titusville, New Jersey
| | - Scott L DuVall
- VA Informatics and Computing Infrastructure, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, Utah
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Thomas Falconer
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, New York
- New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
| | - Asieh Golozar
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
- Pharmacoepidemiology, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Westchester County, New York
| | - Mengchun Gong
- Digital Health China Technologies Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Laura Hester
- Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Raritan, New Jersey
| | - George Hripcsak
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, New York
- New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
| | - Eng Hooi Tan
- Centre for Statistics in Medicine, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Hokyun Jeon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Lana Y H Lai
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Kristine E Lynch
- VA Informatics and Computing Infrastructure, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, Utah
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Michael E Matheny
- Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Daniel R Morales
- Division of Population Health and Genomics, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
- University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Karthik Natarajan
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, New York
- New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
| | - Fredrik Nyberg
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Ostropolets
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - José D Posada
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Redwood City, California
| | - Albert Prats-Uribe
- Centre for Statistics in Medicine, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Donna R Rivera
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Lisa M Schilling
- Data Science to Patient Value Program, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Isabelle Soerjomataram
- Section of Cancer Surveillance, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Karishma Shah
- NDORMS, University of Oxford, Botnar Research Centre, Windmill Road, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nigam H Shah
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Redwood City, California
| | - Yang Shen
- Digital Health China Technologies Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Matthew Spotniz
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Vignesh Subbian
- College of Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Marc A Suchard
- Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Annalisa Trama
- Fondazione IRCSS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Lin Zhang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Population Health and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ying Zhang
- Digital Health China Technologies Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Patrick B Ryan
- Janssen Research and Development, Titusville, New Jersey
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | | | | | - Talita Duarte-Salles
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain.
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Noh JY, Kwak JE, Yang JS, Hwang SY, Yoon JG, Seong H, Hyun H, Lim CS, Yoon SY, Ryou J, Lee JY, Kim SS, Park SH, Cheong HJ, Kim WJ, Shin EC, Song JY. Longitudinal Assessment of Anti-Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Immune Responses for Six Months Based on the Clinical Severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019. J Infect Dis 2021; 224:754-763. [PMID: 34467985 PMCID: PMC7989218 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiab124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is insufficient data on the longevity of immunity acquired after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. METHODS We aimed to evaluate the duration of SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral and cellular immunity according to the clinical severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The study population comprised asymptomatic (n = 14), symptomatic/nonpneumonic (n = 42), and pneumonic (n = 41) patients. RESULTS The anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin class G and neutralizing antibody (NAb) titers lasted until 6 months after diagnosis, with positivity rates of 66.7% and 86.9%, respectively. Older age, prolonged viral shedding, and accompanying pneumonia were more frequently found in patients with sustained humoral immunity. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-specific T-cell response was strongly observed in pneumonic patients and prominent in individuals with sustained humoral immunity. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, most (>85%) patients carry NAb until 6 months after diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection, providing insights for establishing vaccination strategies against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yun Noh
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Kwak
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Sun Yang
- Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Young Hwang
- Department of Biostatistics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Gu Yoon
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Seong
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hakjun Hyun
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae Seung Lim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Young Yoon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungsang Ryou
- Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Yeon Lee
- Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Soon Kim
- Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Hyung Park
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- The Center for Epidemic Preparedness, KAIST Institute, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jin Cheong
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Joo Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Cheol Shin
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- The Center for Epidemic Preparedness, KAIST Institute, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Young Song
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kwon DH, Park JB, Lee JS, Kim SJ, Choi B, Lee KY. Human delta like 1-expressing human mesenchymal stromal cells promote human T cell development and antigen-specific response in humanized NOD/SCID/IL-2R[Formula: see text] null (NSG) mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10603. [PMID: 34011992 PMCID: PMC8134586 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90110-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Human delta-like 1 (hDlk1) is known to be able to regulate cell fate decisions during hematopoiesis. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are known to exhibit potent immunomodulatory roles in a variety of diseases. Herein, we investigated in vivo functions of hDlk1-hMSCs and hDlk1+hMSCs in T cell development and T cell response to viral infection in humanized NOD/SCID/IL-2Rγnull (NSG) mice. Co-injection of hDlk1-hMSC with hCD34+ cord blood (CB) cells into the liver of NSG mice markedly suppressed the development of human T cells. In contrast, co-injection of hDlk1+hMSC with hCD34+ CB cells into the liver of NSG dramatically promoted the development of human T cells. Human T cells developed in humanized NSG mice represent markedly diverse, functionally active, TCR V[Formula: see text] usages, and the restriction to human MHC molecules. Upon challenge with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), EBV-specific hCD8+ T cells in humanized NSG mice were effectively mounted with phenotypically activated T cells presented as hCD45+hCD3+hCD8+hCD45RO+hHLA-DR+ T cells, suggesting that antigen-specific T cell response was induced in the humanized NSG mice. Taken together, our data suggest that the hDlk1-expressing MSCs can effectively promote the development of human T cells and immune response to exogenous antigen in humanized NSG mice. Thus, the humanized NSG model might have potential advantages for the development of therapeutics targeting infectious diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Hee Kwon
- Department of Immunology and Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, 16419 Gyeonggi-do Korea
| | - Jae Berm Park
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Sang Lee
- Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon-Si, 440-746 Kyonggi-Do Korea
- Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Joo Kim
- GenNBio, Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon-Si, Kyonggi-Do, 440-746 Korea
| | - Bongkum Choi
- GenNBio, Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon-Si, Kyonggi-Do, 440-746 Korea
| | - Ki-Young Lee
- Department of Immunology and Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, 16419 Gyeonggi-do Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419 Republic of Korea
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Kim J, Yoon SJ, Jo MW. Estimating the disease burden of Korean type 2 diabetes mellitus patients considering its complications. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246635. [PMID: 33556138 PMCID: PMC7870056 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The burden of diabetes is considerable not only globally but also nationally within Korea. The Global Burden of Disease study derived the disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of diabetes depending on its complications as individual severity using prevalence-based approach from 2017. Conversely, the Korean National Burden of Disease study based on an incidence-based approach does not incorporate the severity of diseases. This study aimed to simulate incidence-based DALYs of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), given diabetic complications as disease severity using a Markov model. METHODS We developed a model with six Markov states, including incident and existing prevalent cases of diabetes and its complications and death. We assumed that diabetes and its complications would not be cured. The cycle length was one year, and the endpoint of the simulation was 100 years. A 5% discount rate was adopted in the analysis. Transition cases were counted by 5-year age groups above 30 years of age. Age- and sex-specific transition probabilities were calculated based on the incident rate. RESULTS The total DALY estimates of T2DM were 5,417 and 3,934 per 100,000 population in men and women, respectively. The years of life lost in men were relatively higher than those in women in most age groups except the 80-84 age group. The distribution of years lived with disability by gender and age group showed a bell shape, peaking in the 55-59 age group in men and 65-69 age group in women. CONCLUSIONS The burden of T2DM considering its complications was larger compared to the outcomes from previous studies, with more precise morbid duration using the Markov model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juyoung Kim
- Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seok-Jun Yoon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min-Woo Jo
- Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- * E-mail:
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Lee JH, Song DY, Jun SH, Song SH, Shin CH, Ki CS, Lee K, Song J. High prevalence of increased sitosterol levels in hypercholesterolemic children suggest underestimation of sitosterolemia incidence. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238079. [PMID: 32845916 PMCID: PMC7449458 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sitosterolemia is an inherited lipid disorder which presents with elevated serum sitosterol and can result in an increased risk of premature cardiovascular disease. However, sitosterol cannot be accurately measured by routine diagnostic assays, meaning that sitosterolemia diagnosis can often be difficult, especially with many clinical features overlapping with familial hypercholesterolemia. With such complications resulting in increasing reports of misdiagnosis, the prevalence of sitosterolemia is predicted to be much higher than previously reported. Methods Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was utilized to measure sitosterol levels of normocholesterolemic and hypercholesterolemic children. Subsequently, an epidemiologically determined cutoff level of sitosterol was calculated and applied to estimate the prevalence of children with increased sitosterol and identify potential sitosterolemia patients. Massively parallel sequencing was used to confirm the diagnosis in suspected patients. Results Samples from 109 normocholesterolemic and 220 hypercholesterolemic were tested for phytosterols. Sitosterol and campesterol levels were significantly increased in hypercholesterolemic children (mean 22.0±45.9 μmol/L for sitosterol and 26.0±32.8 μmol/L for campesterol) compared to normocholesterolemic children (mean 12.1±4.9 μmol/L for sistosterol and 14.8±6.7 μmol/L for campesterol). Via application of a cutoff of 35.9 μmol/L, the prevalence rates for increased and overtly increased sitosterol in hypercholesterolemic children were 6.4% and 1.4% respectively. Furthermore, 3 suspected sitosterolemia patients were identified, with 2 patients receiving molecular confirmation for sitosterolemia diagnosis. Conclusions Our findings reaffirm that the prevalence of sitosterolemia is probably much higher than previously reported, which also indicates the significant risk of misdiagnosis of sitosterolemia with familial hypercholesterolemia. Special lipid testing including sitosterol, especially in children with uncontrolled hypercholesterolemia, is recommended in children in order to identify potential sitosterolemia patients that would otherwise be neglected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon Hee Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Da Young Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun-Hee Jun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Choong Ho Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Kyunghoon Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- * E-mail: (KL); (JS)
| | - Junghan Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- * E-mail: (KL); (JS)
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Koo KI, Ko MH, Lee Y, Son HW, Lee S, Hwang CH. Comparison of a novel algorithm quantitatively estimating epifascial fibrosis in three-dimensional computed tomography images to other clinical lymphedema grading methods. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0224457. [PMID: 31821335 PMCID: PMC6903723 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
No method has yet been approved for detecting lymphedema fibrosis before its progression. This study assessed the feasibility of computed tomography-based estimation of fibrosis. This observational, cross-sectional study included patients with lymphedema affecting one limb. Three types (maximum, mean, minimum) of computed tomography reticulation indexes were digitally calculated from trans-axial images using absorptive values, and the computed tomography reticulation indexes compared with clinical scales and measurements. Of 326 patients evaluated by at least one of lymphoscintigraphy, bio-electrical impedance, and computed tomography, 24 were evaluated by all three. The mean number of computed tomography scans in these patients was 109. Sixteen patients had breast cancer, seven had gynecologic cancers, and one had primary lymphedema. Mean computed tomography reticulation index (r = 0.52, p < 0.01) and maximal computed tomography reticulation index (r = 0.45, p < 0.05) were significantly associated with time from initial limb swelling to computed tomography. Mean computed tomography reticulation index (r = 0.86, p < 0.01), minimal computed tomography reticulation index (r = 0.79, p < 0.01), and maximal computed tomography reticulation index (r = 0.68, p < 0.01) were significantly associated with International Society of Lymphedema substage. Minimal computed tomography reticulation index correlated with 1-kHz-based bio-electrical impedance ratio (r = -0.46, p < 0.05) and with standardized proximal limb circumference difference ratio (r = 0.45, p < 0.05) of both limbs. Maximal computed tomography reticulation index had a sensitivity of 0.78, specificity of 0.60, and areas under the curve of 0.66 in detecting lymphoscintigraphic stage IV. The algorithm utilizing three-dimensional computed tomography images of epifascial fibrosis may be used as a marker for lymphedema duration, limb swelling, International Society of Lymphedema substage, and interstitial lymphatic fluids of lymphedema. The current approach shows promise in providing an additional method to assist in characterizing and monitoring lymphedema patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyo-in Koo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Electrical Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung-Hwan Ko
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Jeonbuk National University Medical School and Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongkwan Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Electrical Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Won Son
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Electrical Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Suwon Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Electrical Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Ho Hwang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Electrical Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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25
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Lee JW, Kim NKD, Lee SH, Cho HW, Ma Y, Ju HY, Yoo KH, Sung KW, Koo HH, Park WY. Discovery of actionable genetic alterations with targeted panel sequencing in children with relapsed or refractory solid tumors. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0224227. [PMID: 31747416 PMCID: PMC6867621 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in genomic technologies and the development of targeted therapeutics are making the use of precision medicine increasingly possible. In this study, we explored whether precision medicine can be applied for the management of refractory/relapsed pediatric solid tumors by discovering actionable alterations using targeted panel sequencing. Samples of refractory/relapsed pediatric solid tumors were tested using a targeted sequencing panel covering the exonic DNA sequences of 381 cancer genes and introns across 22 genes to detect clinically significant genomic aberrations in tumors. The molecular targets were tiered from 1 to 5 based on the presence of actionable genetic alterations, strength of supporting evidence, and drug availability in the Republic of Korea. From January 2016 to October 2018, 55 patients were enrolled. The median time from tissue acquisition to drug selection was 29 d (range 14–39), and tumor profiling was successful in 53 (96.4%) patients. A total of 27 actionable alterations in tiers 1–4 were detected in 20 patients (36.4%), and the majority of actionable alterations were copy number variations. The tiers of molecular alterations were tier 1 (clinical evidence) in 4 variants, tier 2 (preclinical evidence) in 8 variants, tier 3 (consensus opinion) in 2 variants, and tier 4 (actionable variants with a drug that is available in other countries but not in the Republic of Korea) in 9 variants. In one patient with relapsed neuroblastoma with ALK F1174L mutation and ALK amplification, lorlatinib was used in a compassionate use program, and it showed some efficacy. In conclusion, using a targeted sequencing panel to discover actionable alterations in relapsed/refractory pediatric solid tumors was practical and feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Won Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nayoung K. D. Kim
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Geninus Inc., Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Lee
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Hee Won Cho
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngeun Ma
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Young Ju
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Keon Hee Yoo
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Woong Sung
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (KWS); (WYP)
| | - Hong Hoe Koo
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong-Yang Park
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Geninus Inc., Seoul, Korea
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (KWS); (WYP)
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Kwon Y, Park OJ, Kim J, Cho JH, Yun CH, Han SH. Cyclic Dinucleotides Inhibit Osteoclast Differentiation Through STING-Mediated Interferon-β Signaling. J Bone Miner Res 2019; 34:1366-1375. [PMID: 30779854 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic dinucleotides (CDNs), such as cyclic diadenylate monophosphate and cyclic diguanylate monophosphate, are commensal bacteria-derived second messengers in the gut that modulate bacterial survival, colonization, and biofilm formation. Recently, CDNs have been discovered to have an immunomodulatory activity by inducing the expression of type I interferon (IFN) through STING signaling pathway in macrophages. Because CDNs are possibly absorbed and delivered into the bone marrow, where bone-resorbing osteoclasts are derived from monocyte/macrophage lineages, CDNs could affect bone metabolism by regulating osteoclast differentiation. In this study, we investigated the effect of CDNs on the differentiation and function of osteoclasts and osteoblasts. When bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) were differentiated into osteoclasts with macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) in the presence of CDNs, the differentiation was inhibited by CDNs in a dose-dependent manner. In contrast, CDNs did not influence the differentiation of committed osteoclasts or osteoblast precursors. STING signaling pathway appeared to be critical for CDNs-mediated inhibition of osteoclast differentiation since CDNs induced the phosphorylation of TBK1 and IRF3, a representative feature of STING activation, and osteoclast differentiation was restored in STING knockdown BMMs with siRNA. Moreover, CDNs increased the mRNA expression of STING-meditated IFN-β, which is a negative regulator of osteoclastogenesis. In addition, CDNs also induced the phosphorylation of STAT1, which mediates IFN-α/β receptor (IFNAR) signal transduction. The inhibitory effects of CDNs on osteoclast differentiation were not observed in the presence of antibody blocking IFNAR or in macrophages derived from IFNAR1-/- mice. Experiments using a mouse calvarial implantation model showed that RANKL-induced bone resorption was inhibited by CDNs. Taken together, these results suggest that CDNs inhibit osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption through induction of IFN-β via the STING signaling pathway. © 2019 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeongkag Kwon
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, DRI and BK21 Plus Program, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok-Jin Park
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, DRI and BK21 Plus Program, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiseon Kim
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, DRI and BK21 Plus Program, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Cho
- Academy of Immunology and Microbiology, Institute for Basic Science, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Heui Yun
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Han
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, DRI and BK21 Plus Program, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lim JH, Ryu JS, Kim JH, Kim HJ, Lee D. Gender as an independent prognostic factor in small-cell lung cancer: Inha Lung Cancer Cohort study using propensity score matching. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208492. [PMID: 30533016 PMCID: PMC6289417 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The prognostic relevance of gender is undetermined in patients with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). Therefore, we investigated whether gender is a prognostic factor in a SCLC cohort after controlling for confounding factors. Materials and methods Fifteen prognostic factors were classified into four groups (patient, stage migration, tumor, and treatment). The prognostic relevance of gender was evaluated using propensity score matching, Cox proportional hazards regression, and stepwise fashion adjustments. Results Of 591 patients with SCLC, 88 were women (14.9%). Women were more likely than men to have no history of smoking (48.9% vs. 2.0%, P < 0.001) and limited disease (48.9% vs. 37.8%, P = 0.050). Women had less progressive disease in M stage than men (52.3% vs. 62.8%, P = 0.031). Women had better survival than men in the entire cohort (median survival times [MSTs] and 95% confidence intervals [CIs]: 9.7 months and 7.8–11.6 for women, 8.0 months and 7.0–8.9 for men, log-rank P = 0.034) and in the matched cohort (MSTs and 95% CIs: 8.8 months and 5.8–11.8 for women, 5.9 months and 4.5–7.4 for men, log-rank P = 0.013). Female gender was a prognostic factor predicting better survival, even after stepwise and full adjustment with all prognostic variables (adjusted hazard ratios and 95% CIs: 0.51 and 0.34–0.77, P = 0.001 for entire cohort, 0.42 and 0.24–0.75, P = 0.003 for matched cohort). Conclusions Our results confirmed that gender is an independent prognostic factor in patients with SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Hyeok Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Seon Ryu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
| | - Jae Hoon Kim
- Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - DaeHyung Lee
- Respiratory Public Medical Center, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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Chi BH, Chang IH, Lee DH, Park SB, Kim KD, Moon YT, Hur T. Low-Dose Unenhanced Computed Tomography with Iterative Reconstruction for Diagnosis of Ureter Stones. Yonsei Med J 2018; 59:389-396. [PMID: 29611401 PMCID: PMC5889991 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2018.59.3.389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To study the clinical application of low-dose unenhanced computed tomography with iterative reconstruction technique (LDCT-IR) on renal colic in the emergency department. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a prospective, single-blinded, randomized, and non-inferiority study. From March 2014 to August 2015, 112 patients with renal colic were included, and were randomized to either LDCT-IR (n=46) or standard-dose unenhanced CT (SDCT) (n=66) groups. The accuracy of urolithiasis diagnosis was the primary endpoint of this study. Radiation dose, size and location of the stone, hydronephrosis, other diseases except urolithiasis, and results of treatment were analyzed between the two groups. RESULTS The average effective dose radiation of SDCT was approximately four times higher than that of LDCT-IR (6.52 mSv vs. 1.63 mSv, p<0.001). There was no significant difference in the accuracy of ureteral stone diagnosis between the two groups (LDCT-IR group: 96.97% vs. SDCT group: 98.96%, p=0.392). No significant difference was observed regarding the size and location of a stone, hydronephrosis, and diagnosis of other diseases, except urolithiasis. False negative results were found in two LDCT-IR patients and in one SDCT patient. In these patients, stones were misread as vascular calcification, and were difficult to diagnose because evidence of hydronephrosis and ureteral dilatation was not found. CONCLUSION LDCT-IR, as a first-line imaging test, was non-inferior to SDCT with respect to diagnosis of ureter stones, and was clinically available for the evaluation of renal colic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung Hoon Chi
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - In Ho Chang
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Hoon Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Sung Bin Park
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Do Kim
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Tae Moon
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Taekyu Hur
- Chung-Ang University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Piao S, Lee JW, Nagar H, Jung SB, Choi S, Kim S, Lee I, Kim SM, Shin N, Lee YR, Lee SD, Park JB, Irani K, Won M, Hur GM, Jeon BH, Kim DW, Kim CS. CR6 interacting factor 1 deficiency promotes endothelial inflammation by SIRT1 downregulation. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192693. [PMID: 29474366 PMCID: PMC5825004 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims CR6 interacting factor 1 (CRIF1) deficiency impairs mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation complexes, contributing to increased mitochondrial and cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. CRIF1 downregulation has also been revealed to decrease sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) expression and impair vascular function. Inhibition of SIRT1 disturbs oxidative energy metabolism and stimulates nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB)-induced inflammation. Therefore, we hypothesized that both CRIF1 deficiency-induced mitochondrial ROS production and SIRT1 reduction play stimulatory roles in vascular inflammation. Methods and results Plasma levels and mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6) were markedly elevated in endothelium-specific CRIF1-knockout mice and CRIF1-silenced endothelial cells, respectively. Moreover, CRIF1 deficiency-induced vascular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) expression was consistently attenuated by the antioxidant N-acetyl-cysteine and NF-κB inhibitor (BAY11). We next showed that siRNA-mediated CRIF1 downregulation markedly activated NF-κB. SIRT1 overexpression not only rescued CRIF1 deficiency-induced NF-κB activation but also decreased inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) and VCAM-1 expression levels in endothelial cells. Conclusions These results strongly suggest that CRIF1 deficiency promotes endothelial cell inflammation by increasing VCAM-1 expression, elevating inflammatory cytokines levels, and activating the transcription factor NF-κB, all of which were inhibited by SIRT1 overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyu Piao
- Department of physiology & Medical Science, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Wan Lee
- Emergency ICU, Regional Emergency Center, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Harsha Nagar
- Department of physiology & Medical Science, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Saet-byel Jung
- Department of Endocrinology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujeong Choi
- Department of physiology & Medical Science, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonhee Kim
- Department of physiology & Medical Science, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ikjun Lee
- Department of physiology & Medical Science, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-min Kim
- Department of physiology & Medical Science, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Nara Shin
- Department of Anatomy & Medical Science, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Ran Lee
- Department of physiology & Medical Science, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Do Lee
- Department of physiology & Medical Science, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Bong Park
- Department of physiology & Medical Science, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kaikobad Irani
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA United States of America
| | - Minho Won
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Gang Min Hur
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Hwa Jeon
- Department of physiology & Medical Science, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Woon Kim
- Department of Anatomy & Medical Science, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Cuk-Seong Kim
- Department of physiology & Medical Science, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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