1
|
Zhu X, Qin J, Xue W, Li S, Zhao M, Yingliang Jin. The effect of GnRH analog treatment on BMI in children treated for precocious puberty: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2024; 37:297-308. [PMID: 38407229 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2023-0416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of the present meta-analysis was to systematically evaluate the effect of GnRHa treatment on the BMI of children with precocious puberty after GnRHa treatment as compared to before, and to analyze the effect of GnRHa treatment on the body composition of children with precocious puberty at different BMIs by classifying into normal body mass, overweight, and obese groups according to BMI at the time of initial diagnosis. CONTENT A meta-analysis was performed using Stata 12.0 software by searching PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Scientific Journal Database (VIP database), and Wan fang database for relevant literature on standard deviation score of body mass index (BMI-SDS) after GnRHa treatment as compared to before in children with precocious puberty. SUMMARY A total of eight studies were included with a total sample size of 715 cases, and the results of meta-analysis showed that BMI-SDS increased in children with precocious puberty after GnRHa treatment as compared to before starting [(weighted mean difference (WMD)=0.23, 95 % CI: 0.14-0.33, p=0.000)] and also increased in children with normal body mass [(WMD=0.37, 95 % CI: 0.28-0.46, p=0.000)], and there was no significant change in BMI-SDS in children in the overweight or obese group [(WMD=0.01, 95 % CI: -0.08-0.10, p=0.775)]. OUTLOOK Overall, there was an observed increase in BMI-SDS at the conclusion of GnRHa treatment in children with precocious puberty. Additionally, it was found that the effect of GnRHa treatment on body composition varied among children with different BMI status. Clinicians should emphasize the promotion of a healthy lifestyle and personalized dietary management for children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Zhu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, 38044 Xuzhou Medical University , Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Jiajia Qin
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, 38044 Xuzhou Medical University , Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Weirong Xue
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, 38044 Xuzhou Medical University , Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Shengli Li
- Clinical Research Institute, 117910 Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University , Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Meng Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, 117910 Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University , Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Yingliang Jin
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Center for Medical Statistics and Data Analysis, Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, 38044 Xuzhou Medical University , Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zielinska-Pukos MA, Kopiasz Ł, Hamulka J. The Effect of Maternal Overweight/Obesity on Serum and Breastmilk Leptin, and Its Associations with Body Composition, Cardiometabolic Health Indices, and Maternal Diet: The BLOOM Study. Metabolites 2024; 14:221. [PMID: 38668349 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14040221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In overweight and obese patients, elevated serum and breastmilk leptin concentrations are observed, with serum leptin also being likely affected by the diet. We analyzed serum and breastmilk leptin in normal weight (NW) and overweight/obese (OW/OB) mothers, and evaluated its associations with (1) maternal anthropometric parameters; (2) markers of cardiometabolic health; and (3) the maternal diet. The BLOOM (Breastmilk and the Link to Overweight/Obesity and Maternal diet) study was conducted among 40 women (n = 20 OW/OB; n = 20, NW) who were exclusively or predominantly breastfeeding for 15.5 ± 1.2 (OW/OB group (0.99)) weeks. We collected 24 h breastmilk and fasting blood samples for leptin analysis by ELISA. Maternal dietary habits were evaluated using a 3-day dietary record and food frequency questionnaire, which were used to calculate the Polish-adapted Mediterranean Diet score. Maternal anthropometric measurements and DEXA scans were performed, and anthropometric and cardiometabolic indices were calculated. The OW mothers had 1.4 times higher serum levels, while OB mothers had 4.5 and 6.2 higher serum and breastmilk leptin levels, respectively, in comparison to the NW mothers. The FM% was correlated with serum and breastmilk leptin levels (r = 0.878, r = 0.638). Serum leptin was associated with markers of cardiometabolic health such as AIP, CMI, and VAI in the NW mothers, and with LAP in the OW/OB mothers. Higher energy, fructose intake and adherence to the Mediterranean diet were associated with serum leptin in the NW mothers (β = 0.323, 0.039-0.608; β = 0.318, 0.065-0.572; β = 0.279, 0.031-0.528); meanwhile, higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet could protect against elevated breastmilk leptin concentrations in OW/OB mothers (β = -0.444, -0.839--0.050), even after adjustment for FM%. Our results suggest a potential association between maternal serum leptin concentrations and cardiometabolic health. In addition, we confirm the importance of healthy dietary patterns in the improvement of breastmilk composition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monika A Zielinska-Pukos
- Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), Nowoursynowska St. 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Łukasz Kopiasz
- Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), Nowoursynowska St. 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Hamulka
- Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), Nowoursynowska St. 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ku HC, Cheng E, Cheng CF. A body shape index (ABSI) but not body mass index (BMI) is associated with prostate cancer-specific mortality: Evidence from the US NHANES database. Prostate 2024. [PMID: 38558412 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common malignancy in males and obesity may play a role in its development and progression. Associations between visceral obesity measured by a body shape index (ABSI) and PCa mortality have not been thoroughly investigated. This study assessed the associations between ABSI, body mass index (BMI), and long-term PCa-specific mortality using a nationally representative US database. METHODS This population-based longitudinal study collected data of males aged ≥40 years diagnosed with PCa and who underwent surgery and/or radiation from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database 2001-2010. All included participants were followed through the end of 2019 using the National Center for Health Statistics Linked Mortality File. Associations between PCa-specific mortality, BMI, and ABSI were determined using Cox proportional hazards regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. RESULTS Data of 294 men (representing 1,393,857 US nationals) were analyzed. After adjusting for confounders, no significant associations were found between BMI (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 1.06, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.97-1.16, p = 0.222), continuous ABSI (aHR = 1.29, 95% CI: 0.83-2.02, p = 0.253), or ABSI in category (Q4 vs. Q1-Q3: aHR = 1.52, 95% CI: 0.72-3.24, p = 0.265), and greater risk of PCa-specific mortality. However, among participants who had been diagnosed within 4 years, the highest ABSI quartile but not in BMI was significantly associated with greater risk for PCa-specific mortality (Q4 vs. Q1-Q3: aHR = 5.34, 95% CI: 2.26-12.62, p = 0.001). In ROC analysis for this subgroup, the area under the curve of ABSI alone for predicting PCa-specific mortality was 0.638 (95% CI: 0.448-0.828), reaching 0.729 (95% CI: 0.490-0.968 when combined with other covariates. CONCLUSIONS In US males with PCa diagnosed within 4 years, high ABSI but not BMI is independently associated with increased PCa-specific mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Chen Ku
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Evelyn Cheng
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ching-Feng Cheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Acuña AJ, Forlenza EM, Serino J, Terhune EB, Della Valle CJ. Body Mass Index Does Not Drive the Risk for Early Postoperative Instability After Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Matched Cohort Analysis. J Arthroplasty 2024:S0883-5403(24)00239-0. [PMID: 38499164 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2024.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Instability remains the leading cause of revision following total hip arthroplasty (THA). The objective of the present investigation was to determine whether an elevated body mass index (BMI) is associated with an increased risk of instability after primary THA. METHODS An administrative claims database was queried for patients undergoing elective, primary THA for osteoarthritis between 2010 and 2022. Patients who underwent THA for a femoral neck fracture were excluded. Patients who had an elevated BMI were grouped into the following cohorts: 25 to 29.9 (n = 2,313), 30 to 34.9 (n = 2,230), 35 to 39.9 (n = 1,852), 40 to 44.9 (n = 1,450), 45 to 49.9 (n = 752), and 50 to 59.9 (n = 334). Patients were matched 1:1 based on age, sex, and Elixhauser Comorbidity Index, as well as a history of spinal fusion, neurodegenerative disorders, and alcohol abuse, to controls with a normal BMI (20 to 24.9). A multivariate logistic regression controlling for age, sex, Elixhauser Comorbidity Index, and additional risk factors for dislocation was used to evaluate dislocation rates at 30 days, 90 days, 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years. Rates of revision for instability were similarly compared at 1 year and 2 years postoperatively. RESULTS No significant differences in dislocation rate were observed between control patients and each of the evaluated BMI classes at all evaluated postoperative intervals (all P values > .05). Similarly, the risk of revision for instability was comparable between the normal weight cohort and each evaluated BMI class at 1 year and 2 years postoperatively (all P values > .05). CONCLUSIONS Controlling for comorbidities and known risk factors for instability, the present analysis demonstrated no difference in rates of dislocation or revision for instability between normal-weight patients and those in higher BMI classes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Acuña
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Enrico M Forlenza
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Joseph Serino
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - E Bailey Terhune
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Craig J Della Valle
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abu Arar Y, Shilo M, Bilenko N, Friger M, Marsha H, Fisher D, Fraenkel M, Yoel U. Are Higher Body Mass Index and Worse Metabolic Parameters Associated with More Aggressive Differentiated Thyroid Cancer? A Retrospective Cohort Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:581. [PMID: 38470692 PMCID: PMC10930676 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12050581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a risk factor for differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), but the association with DTC aggressiveness is controversial. To evaluate the association between preoperative body mass index (BMI)/other metabolic parameters and DTC aggressiveness in our surgical cohort, we retrospectively evaluated patients following thyroid surgery who were diagnosed with DTC between December 2013 and January 2021. Baseline characteristics, histopathological features, treatment modalities, and follow-up data were studied. We conducted logistic regression to analyze the association between BMI/other metabolic parameters and adverse DTC features. The final study cohort included 211 patients (79.6% women; mean age± standard deviation 48.7 ± 15.9 years): 66 (31.3%) with normal weight, 81 (38.4%) with overweight, and 64 (30.3%) with obesity. The median follow-up was 51 months (range 7-93). Complete versus partial thyroidectomy was more common among patients living with overweight or obesity than in normal weight patients (79.7% versus 61.7%, p = 0.017, respectively). Logistic regression demonstrated that higher BMI was associated with mildly increased risk for lymph nodes metastases (odds ratio [OR] 1.077, 95% CI: 1.013-1.145), and higher triglycerides/high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio was associated with aggressive histological variants of DTC (OR 1.269, 95% CI 1.001-1.61). To conclude, specific adverse clinical and histopathological DTC features were indeed associated with higher BMI and higher TG/HDL-C ratio.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Abu Arar
- Internal Medicine Ward D, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel;
| | - Michael Shilo
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Community Health, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84015, Israel; (M.S.); (N.B.); (M.F.)
| | - Natalya Bilenko
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Community Health, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84015, Israel; (M.S.); (N.B.); (M.F.)
| | - Michael Friger
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Community Health, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84015, Israel; (M.S.); (N.B.); (M.F.)
| | - Hagit Marsha
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Goldman Medical School, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84015, Israel;
| | - David Fisher
- Endocrinology Unit, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel (M.F.)
| | - Merav Fraenkel
- Endocrinology Unit, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel (M.F.)
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84015, Israel
| | - Uri Yoel
- Endocrinology Unit, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva 84101, Israel (M.F.)
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84015, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wen H, Deng G, Shi X, Liu Z, Lin A, Cheng Q, Zhang J, Luo P. Body mass index, weight change, and cancer prognosis: a meta-analysis and systematic review of 73 cohort studies. ESMO Open 2024; 9:102241. [PMID: 38442453 PMCID: PMC10925937 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2024.102241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying the association between body mass index (BMI) or weight change and cancer prognosis is essential for the development of effective cancer treatments. We aimed to assess the strength and validity of the evidence of the association between BMI or weight change and cancer prognosis by a systematic evaluation and meta-analysis of relevant cohort studies. METHODS We systematically searched the PubMed, Web of Science, EconLit, Embase, Food Sciences and Technology Abstracts, PsycINFO, and Cochrane databases for literature published up to July 2023. Inclusion criteria were cohort studies with BMI or weight change as an exposure factor, cancer as a diagnostic outcome, and data type as an unadjusted hazard ratio (HR) or headcount ratio. Random- or fixed-effects models were used to calculate the pooled HR along with the 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS Seventy-three cohort studies were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with normal weight, overweight or obesity was a risk factor for overall survival (OS) in patients with breast cancer (HR 1.37, 95% CI 1.22-1.53; P < 0.0001), while obesity was a protective factor for OS in patients with gastrointestinal tumors (HR 0.67, 95% CI 0.56-0.80; P < 0.0001) and lung cancer (HR 0.67, 95% CI 0.48-0.92; P = 0.01) compared with patients without obesity. Compared with normal weight, underweight was a risk factor for OS in patients with breast cancer (HR 1.15, 95% CI 0.98-1.35; P = 0.08), gastrointestinal tumors (HR 1.54, 95% CI 1.32-1.80; P < 0.0001), and lung cancer (HR 1.28, 95% CI 1.22-1.35; P < 0.0001). Compared with nonweight change, weight loss was a risk factor for OS in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. CONCLUSIONS Based on the results of the meta-analysis, we concluded that BMI, weight change, and tumor prognosis were significantly correlated. These findings may provide a more reliable argument for the development of more effective oncology treatment protocols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Wen
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong; The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong
| | - G Deng
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong; The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong
| | - X Shi
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong; The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong
| | - Z Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing
| | - A Lin
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong.
| | - Q Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China.
| | - J Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong.
| | - P Luo
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Shalabna E, Kedar R, Assaf W, Nahshon C, Kugelman N, Lavie O, Sagi-Dain L. The association between obesity and the success of trial of labor after cesarean delivery (TOLAC) in women with past vaginal delivery. J Perinat Med 2024; 52:158-164. [PMID: 38098122 DOI: 10.1515/jpm-2023-0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of overweight (body mass index; BMI 25.0-29.9 kg/m2), and obesity (BMI>30 kg/m2), on the success of trial of labor after cesarean delivery (TOLAC), with consideration of successful past vaginal birth. METHODS This retrospective cohort study was performed using electronic database of obstetrics department at a university-affiliated tertiary medical center. All women admitted for TOLAC at 37-42 weeks of gestational age, carrying a singleton live fetus at cephalic presentation, with a single previous low segment transverse cesarean delivery between 1/2015 and 5/2021 were included. Primary outcome was the rate of cesarean delivery during labor, and subgroup analysis was performed for the presence of past vaginal birth. RESULTS Of the 1200 TOLAC deliveries meeting the inclusion criteria, 61.9 % had BMI in the normal range, 24.6 % were overweight (BMI 25.0-29.9 kg/m2), and 13.4 % were obese (BMI of 30 kg/m2 and over). Using a multivariate analysis, BMI≥30 kg/m2 was associated with increased risk of cesarean delivery compared to normal weight. However, in the subgroup of 292 women with a history of successful vaginal birth BMI did not affect TOLAC success. CONCLUSIONS BMI does not affect the success of TOLAC in women with previous vaginal birth. This information should be considered during patients counselling, in order to achieve a better selection of mode of delivery and higher patients' satisfaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eiman Shalabna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Carmel Medical Center, Technion University, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| | - Reuven Kedar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Carmel Medical Center, Technion University, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| | - Wisam Assaf
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Carmel Medical Center, Technion University, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| | - Chen Nahshon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Carmel Medical Center, Technion University, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| | - Nir Kugelman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Carmel Medical Center, Technion University, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ofer Lavie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Carmel Medical Center, Technion University, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| | - Lena Sagi-Dain
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Carmel Medical Center, Technion University, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li K, Zhou X, Liu Y, Li D, Li Y, Zhang T, Fu C, Li L, Hu Y, Jiang L. Serum amyloid beta 42 levels correlated with metabolic syndrome and its components. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1278477. [PMID: 38405149 PMCID: PMC10893966 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1278477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Beta-amyloid accumulation in the brain appears to be a key initiating event in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and factors associated with increased deposition of beta-amyloid are of great interest. Enhanced deposition of amyloid-β peptides is due to an imbalance between their production and elimination. Previous studies show that diminished levels of CSF amyloid beta 42 (Aβ42) is a biomarker in AD; however, the role of serum Aβ42 in AD is contradictory. BMI and obesity have been reported to be related to increased serum Aβ42 levels. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the relation between metabolic syndrome (MetS), its clinical measures (abdominal obesity, high glucose, high triglyceride, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, and hypertension), and serum Aβ42 levels. Methods A total of 1261 subjects, aged 18-89 years in Chengdu, China, were enrolled from January 2020 to January 2021 to explore the correlation of serum Aβ42 levels with body mass index (BMI), blood lipids, and blood pressure. Furthermore, as the risk of MetS is closely related to age, 1,212 participants (N = 49 with age ≥ 80 years old were excluded) were analyzed for the correlation of serum Aβ42 level and MetS clinical measures. Results The results showed that log-transformed serum Aβ42 level was positively correlated with BMI (R = 0.29; p < 0.001), log-transformed triglyceride (R = 0.14; p < 0.001), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (R = 0.12; p < 0.001) and negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein (HDL-c) (R = -0.18; p < 0.001). After adjusting for age, sex, and other covariates, elevated serum Aβ42 level was correlated with higher values of BMI (βmodel1 = 2.694, βmodel2 = 2.703) and DBP (βmodel1 = 0.541, βmodel2 = 0.546) but a lower level of HDL-c (βmodel2 = -1.741). Furthermore, serum Aβ42 level was positively correlated with MetS and its clinical measures, including BMI and DBP, and negatively correlated with HDL-c level in the Han Chinese population. However, the level of serum Aβ42 did not show a significant correlation with high glucose or high triglyceride. Discussion These observations indicate that MetS and its components are associated with higher levels of serum Aβ42 and hence limit the potential of serum Aβ42 as a suitable diagnostic biomarker for AD. As such, we recommend serum Aβ42 serve as a direct risk biomarker for MetS rather than for AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kecheng Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Youren Liu
- Department of Health Management, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Dongyu Li
- Department of Health Management, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yinyin Li
- Department of Health Management, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chunyan Fu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang Hu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Han E, Lee YH. Lean individuals with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, the chicken or the egg? Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr 2024; 13:176-179. [PMID: 38322228 PMCID: PMC10839734 DOI: 10.21037/hbsn-23-638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Yong-ho Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Endocrine Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Domański P, Jarosińska J, Kruczyk B, Piętak M, Mydlak A, Demkow T, Kuncman Ł, Darewicz M, Sikora-Kupis B, Michalski W, Kucharz J. Prognostic value of pan-immune-inflammation value and body mass index in geriatric patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors as first line treatment. A single-center retrospective study. Contemp Oncol (Pozn) 2024; 27:242-248. [PMID: 38405212 PMCID: PMC10883196 DOI: 10.5114/wo.2023.134786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Geriatric patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) are underrepresented in clinical trials. Evaluation of the efficacy of the treatment and assignation of individuals to proper prognostic groups is an absolute necessity to guarantee them the best possible care. Material and methods A total of 138 geriatric patients with mRCC treated with first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) at the Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology were retrospectively analyzed to determine whether the body mass index (BMI) and pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) are prognostic values for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in this type of cancer. For this purpose, Cox's proportional hazard model was used. Results The median duration of follow-up for surviving patients was 46.6 (95% CI: 17.4-75.8) months. The median OS and PFS were respectively 33.8 months (95% CI: 23.8-47.8) and 19.1 months (95% CI: 15.0-23.3). BMI (p = 0.034) and PIV (p < 0.001) were statistically significantly associated with OS, and PIV (p = 0.001) was statistically significantly associated with PFS. The risk of death for patients from the high-PIV group (cut-off point: 548) was 3.4 times higher than for those with lower PIV values. The corresponding risk of progression for patients from the high-PIV group was 2.2 times higher. The G8 geriatric screening tool was not identified as a prognostic factor. Conclusions Lower PIV and obesity are associated with longer OS in geriatric mRCC patients treated with TKIs in the first line. These factors may be considered while making treatment decisions if further studies show the same results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Domański
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Jarosińska
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Kruczyk
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Piętak
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Mydlak
- Department of Experimental Immunotherapy, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Demkow
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Łukasz Kuncman
- Department of Radiotherapy, Medical University of Łódź, Poland
- Department of External Beam Radiotherapy, Nicolaus Copernicus Multidisciplinary Center for Oncology and Traumatology, Łódź, Poland
| | - Marta Darewicz
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bożena Sikora-Kupis
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Michalski
- Department of Oncological Mathematics, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Kucharz
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Himmelgreen D, Romero-Daza N, Webb WA, Heuer JN, Gray D, Lehigh GR. Implementing a Food Prescription Program during COVID-19: Benefits and Barriers. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:182. [PMID: 38255070 PMCID: PMC10815315 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12020182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Food prescription programs (Food Rx) have the potential to improve management of diet-related chronic diseases or underlying conditions such as type 2 diabetes (T2D), hypertension, and high body mass index (BMI) among food-insecure patients. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a Food Rx program implemented in two community-based clinics in Florida. Data were collected through researcher-administered surveys (food insecurity, demographics, and socio-economic variables) and biometric data (HbA1c, blood pressure, and BMI). Key results include the following: (1) Hispanic patients are more likely to utilize the program than their Black and White counterparts (p < 0.001); (2) older patients (≥50 years) have a higher food redemption rate when compared to younger patients (36-49.9 years); (3) food redemption rate is negatively associated with food security scores indicating improvements in food security status over time (r2 = -0.184, p = 0.036); (4) diabetic patients with higher baseline HbA1c (>9%) have significant reductions in glycated hemoglobin (p = 0.011) over time as compared to patients with lower baseline values (<7%); and (5) patients enrolled in the program for at least 6 months have a significant reduction in systolic blood pressure (p = 0.051). Changes in BMI were not significantly associated with redemption rates. This study is significant as it offers insights into the potential benefits and challenges of implementing Food Rx programs to address diet-related chronic diseases among underserved populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Himmelgreen
- Department of Anthropology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA; (N.R.-D.); (W.A.W.); (J.N.H.); (D.G.); (G.R.L.)
- Center for the Advancement of Food Security and Healthy Communities, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Nancy Romero-Daza
- Department of Anthropology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA; (N.R.-D.); (W.A.W.); (J.N.H.); (D.G.); (G.R.L.)
- Center for the Advancement of Food Security and Healthy Communities, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - William Alex Webb
- Department of Anthropology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA; (N.R.-D.); (W.A.W.); (J.N.H.); (D.G.); (G.R.L.)
- Center for the Advancement of Food Security and Healthy Communities, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Jacquelyn N. Heuer
- Department of Anthropology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA; (N.R.-D.); (W.A.W.); (J.N.H.); (D.G.); (G.R.L.)
- Center for the Advancement of Food Security and Healthy Communities, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Deven Gray
- Department of Anthropology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA; (N.R.-D.); (W.A.W.); (J.N.H.); (D.G.); (G.R.L.)
- Center for the Advancement of Food Security and Healthy Communities, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Gabrielle R. Lehigh
- Department of Anthropology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA; (N.R.-D.); (W.A.W.); (J.N.H.); (D.G.); (G.R.L.)
- Center for the Advancement of Food Security and Healthy Communities, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang Y, Hua Y, Zhang H, Liang S, Cao Z, Chen L, Su Z, Zhang W. Ratio of waist circumference to body mass index: A novel predictor of clinical outcome in hypertension patients. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2024; 26:24-35. [PMID: 37864476 PMCID: PMC10795094 DOI: 10.1111/jch.14739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
We aim to investigate the influence of waist circumference and body mass index (BMI) on all-cause death and cardiovascular-specific death in patients with hypertension. This prospective cohort study, based on waist circumference and body mass index measurements in patients with hypertension, provided risk estimates of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events. The waist circumference-to-BMI ratio (WtBR) is an anthropometric measure integrating waist circumference and BMI. We utilized multivariable Cox regression analysis, restricted cubic spline model, Kaplan-Meier plot, random forest analysis, and sensitivity analysis to assess the relationship of WtBR with all-cause mortality. Subsequently, Fine-Gray competing risk regression models were applied to precisely evaluate the probability of cardiovascular-specific death attributed to high WtBR. The results indicate that thea deceased group showed significantly higher WtBR and lower BMI compared with the alive groups (P < .05), while no significant difference was observed in waist circumference (P = .373). When analyzed as continuous, the risk of all-cause death elevated with increasing WtBR in the adjusted model with an HR of 2.42 (95% CI, 2.06-2.85). The restricted cubic spline illustrated an elevated risk of all-cause mortality as WtBR increased (J-shaped curve). Nevertheless, WtBR showed no significant association with cardiovascular-specific death and the prediction model exhibited a reliable performance in the testing set. This study supported that WtBR, an anthropometric measure, is independently associated with all-cause death in hypertensive patients. It's advisable to routinely assess waist circumference in hypertensive patients regardless of BMI, in order to more effectively manage the risk of obesity-related health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yang Hua
- Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | | | | | | | - Lu‐Lu Chen
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and EmbryologyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | | | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Kangda CollegeNanjing Medical UniversityLianyungangJiangsuChina
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cevallos P, Berry C, Lipman KJ, Kubiak CA, Mohan AT, Ayyala HS, Manrique OJ, Nazerali R. Breast reconstruction after mastectomy in patients with obesity: a narrative review. Ann Transl Med 2023; 11:413. [PMID: 38213816 PMCID: PMC10777214 DOI: 10.21037/atm-23-1599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objective Breast reconstruction in patients with obesity presents numerous challenges, both in terms of surgical technique and post-operative complication management. As breast reconstruction techniques continue to evolve, the armamentarium of reconstructive options for patients with obesity has vastly expanded. Options now include immediate or delayed, implant-based, autologous, or hybrid reconstruction. Determining the optimal breast reconstruction in this complex population requires nuanced and experienced decision-making. Methods A literature search was conducted to identify studies assessing breast reconstruction considerations in patients with obesity. The search was performed on PubMed and was limited to English language studies published between 1990 and 2023. Primary studies, case reports, chart reviews, and qualitative studies were included. Additional articles were identified for inclusion based on a review of references, as well as a web-based search, to identify additional studies that were not captured with the primary search strategy. Key Content and Findings This narrative review article summarizes the current literature available to guide surgeons in breast reconstruction in patients with obesity. Conclusions The advancements in oncologic surgery and breast reconstruction techniques have expanded available surgical options, including immediate or delayed implant-based, autologous, or hybrid breast reconstruction. Each approach has its unique advantages, disadvantages, and surgical considerations. Despite the challenges, patients with obesity can achieve favorable aesthetic outcomes through careful assessment of comorbidities and expectation management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Cevallos
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Charlotte Berry
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Kelsey Jordan Lipman
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Carrie A. Kubiak
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Anita T. Mohan
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Haripriya S. Ayyala
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Oscar J. Manrique
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Rahim Nazerali
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Carullo N, Zicarelli M, Michael A, Faga T, Battaglia Y, Pisani A, Perticone M, Costa D, Ielapi N, Coppolino G, Bolignano D, Serra R, Andreucci M. Childhood Obesity: Insight into Kidney Involvement. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17400. [PMID: 38139229 PMCID: PMC10743690 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This review examines the impact of childhood obesity on the kidney from an epidemiological, pathogenetic, clinical, and pathological perspective, with the aim of providing pediatricians and nephrologists with the most current data on this topic. The prevalence of childhood obesity and chronic kidney disease (CKD) is steadily increasing worldwide, reaching epidemic proportions. While the impact of obesity in children with CKD is less pronounced than in adults, recent studies suggest a similar trend in the child population. This is likely due to the significant association between obesity and the two leading causes of end-stage renal disease (ESRD): diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension. Obesity is a complex, systemic disease that reflects interactions between environmental and genetic factors. A key mechanism of kidney damage is related to metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance. Therefore, we can speculate about an adipose tissue-kidney axis in which neurohormonal and immunological mechanisms exacerbate complications resulting from obesity. Adipose tissue, now recognized as an endocrine organ, secretes cytokines called adipokines that may induce adaptive or maladaptive responses in renal cells, leading to kidney fibrosis. The impact of obesity on kidney transplant-related outcomes for both donors and recipients is also significant, making stringent preventive measures critical in the pre- and post-transplant phases. The challenge lies in identifying renal involvement as early as possible, as it is often completely asymptomatic and not detectable through common markers of kidney function. Ongoing research into innovative technologies, such as proteomics and metabolomics, aims to identify new biomarkers and is constantly evolving. Many aspects of pediatric disease progression in the population of children with obesity still require clarification. However, the latest scientific evidence in the field of nephrology offers glimpses into various new perspectives, such as genetic factors, comorbidities, and novel biomarkers. Investigating these aspects early could potentially improve the prognosis of these young patients through new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Hence, the aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive exploration of the pathogenetic mechanisms and prevalent pathological patterns of kidney damage observed in children with obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nazareno Carullo
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (N.C.); (M.Z.); (A.M.); (T.F.); (G.C.)
| | - Mariateresa Zicarelli
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (N.C.); (M.Z.); (A.M.); (T.F.); (G.C.)
| | - Ashour Michael
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (N.C.); (M.Z.); (A.M.); (T.F.); (G.C.)
| | - Teresa Faga
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (N.C.); (M.Z.); (A.M.); (T.F.); (G.C.)
| | - Yuri Battaglia
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy;
| | - Antonio Pisani
- Department of Public Health, University Federico II of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Maria Perticone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.P.); (D.C.); (D.B.)
| | - Davide Costa
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.P.); (D.C.); (D.B.)
- Interuniversity Center of Phlebolymphology (CIFL), “Magna Graecia” University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Nicola Ielapi
- Interuniversity Center of Phlebolymphology (CIFL), “Magna Graecia” University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Disease, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Coppolino
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (N.C.); (M.Z.); (A.M.); (T.F.); (G.C.)
| | - Davide Bolignano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.P.); (D.C.); (D.B.)
| | - Raffaele Serra
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.P.); (D.C.); (D.B.)
- Interuniversity Center of Phlebolymphology (CIFL), “Magna Graecia” University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Michele Andreucci
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (N.C.); (M.Z.); (A.M.); (T.F.); (G.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Cassandra Mkhize B, Mosili P, Sethu Ngubane P, Khathi A. The relationship between adipose tissue RAAS activity and the risk factors of prediabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Adipocyte 2023; 12:2249763. [PMID: 37606270 PMCID: PMC10472858 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2023.2249763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
METHODS This systematic review was developed in compliance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-2020) standards. This was accomplished by searching clinical MeSH categories in MEDLINE with full texts, EMBASE, Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Academic Search Complete, ICTRP and ClinicalTrial.gov. Reviewers examined all the findings and selected the studies that satisfied the inclusion criteria. The Downs and Black Checklist was used to assess for bias, followed by a Review Manager v5. A Forrest plot was used for the meta-analysis and sensitivity analysis. The protocol for this review was registered with PROSPERO CRD42022320252. RESULTS The clinical studies (n = 2) comprised 1065 patients with prediabetes and 1103 normal controls. The RAAS measurements were completed in the adipose tissue. The RAAS components, renin and aldosterone were higher in the prediabetic (PD) compared to the control [mean difference (MD) = 0.16, 95% CI 0.16 (-0.13, 0.45), p = 0.25]. Furthermore, the PD group demonstrated higher triglycerides mean difference [MD = 7.84, 95% CI 7.84 (-9.84, 25.51), p = 0.38] and increased BMI [MD = 0.13, 95% CI 0.13 (-0.74, 0.99), p = 0.77] compared to the control. The overall quality of the studies was fair with a median score and range of 17 (16-18). CONCLUSION The current study highlights the relationship between increased BMI, RAAS and insulin resistance which is a predictor of prediabetes. The renin is slightly higher in the prediabetes group without any statistical significance, aldosterone is rather negatively associated with prediabetes which may be attributed to the use of anti-hypertensive treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Palesa Mosili
- Department of Human Physiology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, South Africa
| | | | - Andile Khathi
- Department of Human Physiology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Affaticati LM, Buoli M, Vaccaro N, Manzo F, Scalia A, Coloccini S, Zuliani T, La Tegola D, Capuzzi E, Nicastro M, Colmegna F, Clerici M, Dakanalis A, Caldiroli A. The Impact of Clinical Factors, Vitamin B12 and Total Cholesterol on Severity of Anorexia Nervosa: A Multicentric Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:4954. [PMID: 38068810 PMCID: PMC10707803 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe forms of Anorexia Nervosa (AN) are characterized by medical complications, psychiatric comorbidity, and high mortality. This study investigated potential associations between clinical/biological factors and the severity of AN, measured by the Body Mass Index (BMI). Red and white blood cells, hemoglobin, platelets, iron, vitamins D and B12, folate, and total cholesterol were measured in a mixed sample of 78 inpatients and outpatients. Linear regressions and one-way analyses of variance (ANOVAs) were carried out to evaluate the relationship between BMI and clinical/biochemical variables. BMI was significantly lower in hospitalized patients (F = 4.662; p = 0.034) and in those under pharmacological treatment (F = 5.733; p = 0.019) or poly-therapy (F = 5.635; p = 0.021). Higher vitamin B12 (β = -0.556, p < 0.001), total cholesterol (β = -0.320, p = 0.027), and later age at onset (with a trend towards significance) (β = -0.376, p = 0.058) were associated with a lower BMI. Increased total cholesterol and vitamin B12, later age at onset, current pharmacological treatment, and poly-therapy might be distinctive in patients with a lower BMI. In clinical practice, these findings may contribute to the early identification of AN patients at higher risk of developing complicated or chronic forms of the disorder. Further studies on larger samples are needed to identify potential predictive factors of AN severity in the framework of precision medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Maria Affaticati
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan Bicocca, Via Cadore 38, 20900 Monza, MB, Italy; (L.M.A.); (N.V.); (F.M.); (A.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Massimiliano Buoli
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, MI, Italy;
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, MI, Italy
| | - Nadia Vaccaro
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan Bicocca, Via Cadore 38, 20900 Monza, MB, Italy; (L.M.A.); (N.V.); (F.M.); (A.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Francesca Manzo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan Bicocca, Via Cadore 38, 20900 Monza, MB, Italy; (L.M.A.); (N.V.); (F.M.); (A.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Alberto Scalia
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan Bicocca, Via Cadore 38, 20900 Monza, MB, Italy; (L.M.A.); (N.V.); (F.M.); (A.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Sara Coloccini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, CT, Italy;
| | - Tommaso Zuliani
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, MI, Italy;
| | - Davide La Tegola
- Department of Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Via G.B. Pergolesi 33, 20900 Monza, MB, Italy; (D.L.T.); (E.C.); (M.N.); (F.C.); (A.C.)
| | - Enrico Capuzzi
- Department of Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Via G.B. Pergolesi 33, 20900 Monza, MB, Italy; (D.L.T.); (E.C.); (M.N.); (F.C.); (A.C.)
| | - Monica Nicastro
- Department of Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Via G.B. Pergolesi 33, 20900 Monza, MB, Italy; (D.L.T.); (E.C.); (M.N.); (F.C.); (A.C.)
| | - Fabrizia Colmegna
- Department of Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Via G.B. Pergolesi 33, 20900 Monza, MB, Italy; (D.L.T.); (E.C.); (M.N.); (F.C.); (A.C.)
| | - Massimo Clerici
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan Bicocca, Via Cadore 38, 20900 Monza, MB, Italy; (L.M.A.); (N.V.); (F.M.); (A.S.); (M.C.)
- Department of Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Via G.B. Pergolesi 33, 20900 Monza, MB, Italy; (D.L.T.); (E.C.); (M.N.); (F.C.); (A.C.)
| | - Antonios Dakanalis
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan Bicocca, Via Cadore 38, 20900 Monza, MB, Italy; (L.M.A.); (N.V.); (F.M.); (A.S.); (M.C.)
- Department of Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Via G.B. Pergolesi 33, 20900 Monza, MB, Italy; (D.L.T.); (E.C.); (M.N.); (F.C.); (A.C.)
| | - Alice Caldiroli
- Department of Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Via G.B. Pergolesi 33, 20900 Monza, MB, Italy; (D.L.T.); (E.C.); (M.N.); (F.C.); (A.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Al-Hazzaa HM, Alrasheedi AA, Alsulaimani RA, Jabri L, Alhowikan AM, Alhussain MH, Bawaked RA, Alqahtani SA. Corrigendum: Prevalence of overweight and obesity among saudi children: a comparison of two widely used international standards and the national growth references. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1305460. [PMID: 38027125 PMCID: PMC10654617 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1305460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.954755.].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hazzaa M. Al-Hazzaa
- Lifestyle and Health Research Center, Health Sciences Research Center, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amani A. Alrasheedi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rayan A. Alsulaimani
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Laura Jabri
- American International School of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Maha H. Alhussain
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, College of Foods & Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rowaedh A. Bawaked
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Saudi Electronic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A. Alqahtani
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Bruno CD, Greenblatt DJ, Harmatz JS, Chow CR. Clinical Consequences of Altered Drug Disposition in Obesity: Call for Change. J Clin Pharmacol 2023; 63 Suppl 2:S25-S34. [PMID: 37942910 DOI: 10.1002/jcph.2308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a serious condition with many known comorbid conditions and other health risks. Despite the rising global rates of obesity, drug disposition in this population is typically understudied, which results in limited information guiding the use of drugs in patients with obesity. Presently, dosing adjustments for patients with obesity typically focus on addressing altered drug clearance with body size and are therefore limited to chronic dosing recommendations. These instructions are variable and rarely based on dedicated studies in people with obesity. This review briefly discusses the current clinical use of body measurements to guide chronic dosing instructions and highlights the need for obesity-specific dosing instructions when the half-life of a drug is prolonged (typically through increased volume of distribution) in people with obesity. Examples of drugs with apparent opportunities for either ramp-up, loading, or washout instructions for patients based on body mass index are identified, specifically for vortioxetine, posaconazole, and brexpiprazole. We call for inclusion of people with obesity in clinical studies as a special subpopulation during drug development and propose the use of body mass index to guide dosing decisions among these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D Bruno
- Program in Pharmacology and Drug Development, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Emerald Lake Safety, LLC, Newport Beach, CA, USA
| | - David J Greenblatt
- Program in Pharmacology and Drug Development, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jerold S Harmatz
- Program in Pharmacology and Drug Development, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Bai W, Zhang Q, Lin Z, Ye J, Shen X, Zhou L, Cai W. Analysis of copy number variations and possible candidate genes in spontaneous abortion by copy number variation sequencing. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1218793. [PMID: 37916154 PMCID: PMC10616874 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1218793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Embryonic chromosomal abnormalities represent a major causative factor in early pregnancy loss, highlighting the importance of understanding their role in spontaneous abortion. This study investigates the potential correlation between chromosomal abnormalities and spontaneous abortion using copy number variation sequencing (CNV-seq), a Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) technology. Methods We analyzed Copy Number Variations (CNVs) in 395 aborted fetal specimens from spontaneous abortion patients by CNV-seq. And collected correlated data, including maternal age, gestational week, and Body Mass Index (BMI), and analyzed their relationship with the CNVs. Results Out of the 395 cases, 67.09% of the fetuses had chromosomal abnormalities, including numerical abnormalities, structural abnormalities, and mosaicisms. Maternal age was found to be an important risk factor for fetal chromosomal abnormalities, with the proportion of autosomal trisomy in abnormal karyotypes increasing with maternal age, while polyploidy decreased. The proportion of abnormal karyotypes with mosaic decreased as gestational age increased, while the frequency of polyploidy and sex chromosome monosomy increased. Gene enrichment analysis identified potential miscarriage candidate genes and functions, as well as pathogenic genes and pathways associated with unexplained miscarriage among women aged below or over 35 years old. Based on our study, it can be inferred that there is an association between BMI values and the risk of recurrent miscarriage caused by chromosomal abnormalities. Discussion Overall, these findings provide important insights into the understanding of spontaneous abortion and have implications for the development of personalized interventions for patients with abnormal karyotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Bai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Digital Technology in Medical Diagnostics of Zhejiang Province, Dian Diagnostics Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jin Ye
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoqi Shen
- Key Laboratory of Digital Technology in Medical Diagnostics of Zhejiang Province, Dian Diagnostics Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Linshuang Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenpin Cai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ali M, Phillips L, Kaelber DC, Bukulmez H. Characteristics of pediatric COVID-19 infections and the impact of influenza and COVID-19 vaccinations during the first two years of the pandemic. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1046680. [PMID: 37900675 PMCID: PMC10600516 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1046680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The data regarding the demographics of SARS-CoV-2 in the pediatric population has been published based on several single-center experiences or on metanalyses over short time frames. This article reports data on the demographics of pediatric patients with COVID-19 on a global scale using the TriNetX COVID-19 Research Network. In addition, we examined the risk of COVID-19 infection in relation to the body mass index (BMI) category and the protective value of influenza and COVID-19 immunization against COVID-19 infection. The incidence of COVID-19 infection was higher in the younger age group (≤6 years old), but no gender differences. The incidence of COVID-19 infection was higher among African Americans/Black race (28.57%) White race (27.10%), and obese patients; across all age groups, all genders, all races, and ethnicities (p < 0.0001). The incidence of MIS-C was also higher in patients with obesity (OR 1.71, CI 1.36-2.14). We found that the patients who were neither vaccinated for COVID-19 nor influenza within one year before their COVID-19 diagnoses compared to those who received influenza vaccine only, had significantly higher odds for hospitalization (OR 1.19, CI 1.18-1.21), development of MIS-C (OR 1.52, CI 1.32-1.74), and more importantly mortality (OR 1.47, CI 1.26-1.71). In addition, those patients who were neither vaccinated for COVID-19 nor influenza within one year before their COVID-19 diagnoses, compared to those who received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine, had significantly higher odds for hospitalization (OR 1.11, CI 1.04-1.19). However, those patients who did not receive the influenza vaccine within one year before their COVID-19 diagnoses nor received the COVID-19 vaccine had much higher odds for hospitalization (OR 1.46, CI 1.41-1.51), MIS-C (OR 3.72, CI 2.11-6.56), and mortality compared to those who received both vaccinations (OR 13.55, CI 1.91-9.62). Using the multiplicative interaction scale, we found a positive interaction between the COVID-19 vaccine and the influenza vaccine; they both combined have a larger effect than each separately. Our study is the largest of its kind (to date) examining the global demographic of the pandemic and the first of a kind to find a link between influenza vaccine and COVID-19-related hospitalization, MIS-C, and mortality in the pediatric population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Ali
- The Department of Pediatrics, The MetroHealth System, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Lynette Phillips
- College of Public Health, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States
| | - David C. Kaelber
- The Department of Pediatrics, The MetroHealth System, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- The Departments of Internal Medicine and Population and Quantitative Health Sciences and the Center for Clinical Informatics Research and Educations, The MetroHealth System, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Hulya Bukulmez
- The Department of Pediatrics, The MetroHealth System, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Park JE, Kang KM, Kim H, Jang HY, Go M, Yang SH, Jeong D, Jeong H, Kim JC, Lim SY, Cha DH, Shim SH. Cell-Free Fetal DNA Screening Analysis in Korean Pregnant Women: Six Years of Experience and a Retrospective Study of 9327 Patients Analyzed from 2017 to 2022. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1468. [PMID: 37888079 PMCID: PMC10608624 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13101468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) screening for normal fetal aneuploidy has been widely adopted worldwide due to its convenience, non-invasiveness, and high positive predictive rate. We retrospectively evaluated 9327 Korean women with single pregnancies who underwent a non-invasive prenatal test (NIPT) to investigate how various factors such as maternal weight, age, and the method of conception affect the fetal fraction (FF). The average FF was 9.15 ± 3.31%, which decreased significantly as the maternal body mass index (BMI) increased (p < 0.001). The highly obese group showed a 'no-call' rate of 8.01%, which is higher than that of the normal weight group (0.33%). The FF was 8.74 ± 3.20% when mothers were in their 40s, and lower than that when in their 30s (9.23 ± 3.34, p < 0.001) and in the natural pregnancy group (9.31% ± 3.33). The FF of male fetuses was observed to be approximately 2.76% higher on average than that of female fetuses. As the gestational age increased, there was no significant increase in the fraction of fetuses up to 21 weeks compared to that at 10-12 weeks, and a significant increase was observed in the case of 21 weeks or more. The FFs in the NIPT high-risk result group compared to that in the low-risk group were not significantly different (p = 0.62). In conclusion, BMI was the factor most associated with the fetal fraction. Although the NIPT is a highly prevalent method in prenatal analysis, factors affecting the fetal fraction should be thoroughly analyzed to obtain more accurate results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Eun Park
- Center for Genome Diagnostics, CHA Biotech Inc., Seoul 06125, Republic of Korea; (J.E.P.); (K.M.K.); (H.K.); (H.Y.J.); (M.G.); (S.H.Y.); (J.C.K.)
| | - Kyung Min Kang
- Center for Genome Diagnostics, CHA Biotech Inc., Seoul 06125, Republic of Korea; (J.E.P.); (K.M.K.); (H.K.); (H.Y.J.); (M.G.); (S.H.Y.); (J.C.K.)
| | - Hyunjin Kim
- Center for Genome Diagnostics, CHA Biotech Inc., Seoul 06125, Republic of Korea; (J.E.P.); (K.M.K.); (H.K.); (H.Y.J.); (M.G.); (S.H.Y.); (J.C.K.)
| | - Hee Yeon Jang
- Center for Genome Diagnostics, CHA Biotech Inc., Seoul 06125, Republic of Korea; (J.E.P.); (K.M.K.); (H.K.); (H.Y.J.); (M.G.); (S.H.Y.); (J.C.K.)
| | - Minyeon Go
- Center for Genome Diagnostics, CHA Biotech Inc., Seoul 06125, Republic of Korea; (J.E.P.); (K.M.K.); (H.K.); (H.Y.J.); (M.G.); (S.H.Y.); (J.C.K.)
| | - So Hyun Yang
- Center for Genome Diagnostics, CHA Biotech Inc., Seoul 06125, Republic of Korea; (J.E.P.); (K.M.K.); (H.K.); (H.Y.J.); (M.G.); (S.H.Y.); (J.C.K.)
| | - Daeun Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Republic of Korea; (D.J.); (H.J.); (S.Y.L.)
| | - Hyeonmin Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Republic of Korea; (D.J.); (H.J.); (S.Y.L.)
| | - Jong Chul Kim
- Center for Genome Diagnostics, CHA Biotech Inc., Seoul 06125, Republic of Korea; (J.E.P.); (K.M.K.); (H.K.); (H.Y.J.); (M.G.); (S.H.Y.); (J.C.K.)
| | - Seo Young Lim
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Republic of Korea; (D.J.); (H.J.); (S.Y.L.)
| | - Dong Hyun Cha
- Center for Genome Diagnostics, CHA Biotech Inc., Seoul 06125, Republic of Korea; (J.E.P.); (K.M.K.); (H.K.); (H.Y.J.); (M.G.); (S.H.Y.); (J.C.K.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University, Seoul 06125, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Han Shim
- Center for Genome Diagnostics, CHA Biotech Inc., Seoul 06125, Republic of Korea; (J.E.P.); (K.M.K.); (H.K.); (H.Y.J.); (M.G.); (S.H.Y.); (J.C.K.)
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Republic of Korea; (D.J.); (H.J.); (S.Y.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Garber AK, Bennett JP, Wong MC, Tian IY, Maskarinec G, Kennedy SF, McCarthy C, Kelly NN, Liu YE, Machen VI, Heymsfield SB, Shepherd JA. Cross-sectional assessment of body composition and detection of malnutrition risk in participants with low body mass index and eating disorders using 3D optical surface scans. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 118:812-821. [PMID: 37598747 PMCID: PMC10797509 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND New recommendations for the assessment of malnutrition and sarcopenia include body composition, specifically reduced muscle mass. Three-dimensional optical imaging (3DO) is a validated, accessible, and affordable alternative to dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). OBJECTIVE Identify strengths and weaknesses of 3DO for identification of malnutrition in participants with low body mass index (BMI) and eating disorders. DESIGN Participants were enrolled in the cross-sectional Shape Up! Adults and Kids studies of body shape, metabolic risk, and functional assessment and had BMI of <20 kg/m2 in adults or <85% of median BMI (mBMI) in children and adolescents. A subset was referred for eating disorders evaluation. Anthropometrics, scans, strength testing, and questionnaires were completed in clinical research centers. Lin's Concordance Correlation Coefficient (CCC) assessed agreement between 3DO and DXA; multivariate linear regression analysis examined associations between weight history and body composition. RESULTS Among 95 participants, mean ± SD BMI was 18.3 ± 1.4 kg/m2 in adult women (N = 56), 19.0 ± 0.6 in men (N = 14), and 84.2% ± 4.1% mBMI in children (N = 25). Concordance was excellent for fat-free mass (FFM, CCC = 0.97) and strong for appendicular lean mass (ALM, CCC = 0.86) and fat mass (FM, CCC = 0.87). By DXA, 80% of adults met the low FFM index criterion for malnutrition, and 44% met low ALM for sarcopenia; 52% of children and adolescents were <-2 z-score for FM. 3DO identified 95% of these cases. In the subset, greater weight loss predicted lower FFM, FM, and ALM by both methods; a greater percentage of weight regained predicted a higher percentage of body fat. CONCLUSIONS 3DO can accurately estimate body composition in participants with low BMI and identify criteria for malnutrition and sarcopenia. In a subset, 3DO detected changes in body composition expected with weight loss and regain secondary to eating disorders. These findings support the utility of 3DO for body composition assessment in patients with low BMI, including those with eating disorders. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03637855.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea K Garber
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States.
| | - Jonathan P Bennett
- Graduate Program in Human Nutrition, University of Hawai'i Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States; University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Michael C Wong
- University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Isaac Y Tian
- Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | | | - Samantha F Kennedy
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Cassidy McCarthy
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Nisa N Kelly
- University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Yong E Liu
- University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Vanessa I Machen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Steven B Heymsfield
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - John A Shepherd
- University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, United States
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Znyk M, Kaleta D. Healthy lifestyle counseling, and barriers perceived by general practitioners in Poland. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1256505. [PMID: 37829088 PMCID: PMC10565007 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1256505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The aim of the study was to determine the influence of the personal factors, such as body mass index (BMI), of general practitioners (GPs), and their counseling on weight management, healthy lifestyle, and their perceived barriers. Materials and methods The cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2020 to December 2021 among 161 GPs in the city of Lodz. Results Only 3.7% of physicians always advised their patients on diet and physical activity (p < 0.05). Most of the GPs (54%) provide counseling occasionally. GPs gave general advice more often to patients with chronic diseases than to patients who did not. The study showed that the chance of providing advice on eating habits or physical activity was significantly higher for the GPs who practiced physical activity (OR = 2.64; 95%Cl: 1.01-6.91, p < 0.05) and measured patient weight, height, and BMI (OR = 4.86; 95%Cl: 1.86-12.67, p < 0.001). GPs who were overweight (OR = 3.55; 95%Cl: 1.49-8.41, p < 0.01) and measured patient weight, height, and BMI (OR = 3.61; 95%Cl: 1.58-8.25, p < 0.01) were more likely to advise on nutrition or physical activity to "healthy" patients. Doctors who measured patient weight, height, and BMI advised patients with chronic diseases (OR = 6.45; 95%Cl: 2.54-16.34, p < 0.001). Over 40% of GPs believe that they are not effective in counseling. Lack of time turned out to be the main barrier to counseling for 73.3% of GPs, which was associated with heavy workload (>100 visits per week). Conclusion As many GPs doubt their effectiveness, it is recommended that GPs attend more training activities regarding counseling. In addition, organizational changes are needed to reduce patient numbers, and financial incentives are needed to improve counseling and patient measurement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Znyk
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Shu Y, Zhou Q, Shao Y, Lin H, Qu S, Han W, Lv X, Bi Y. BMI and plasma lipid levels with risk of proliferative diabetic retinopathy: a univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization study. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1099807. [PMID: 37771754 PMCID: PMC10524610 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1099807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The study aimed to determine whether a causal effect exists between body mass index (BMI) or plasma lipid levels and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) risk in humans. Methods We utilized univariable (UVMR) and multivariable two-sample Mendelian randomization (MVMR) analyses to confirm the effects of BMI and plasma lipid levels on the risk of PDR. Genetic variants associated with BMI and three plasma lipids were obtained from GWAS summary datasets generated by many different consortia and were deposited in the MR-Base database. The GWAS summary data for PDR from the FinnGen biobank included 2,12,889 participants of European ancestry (8,681 cases and 2,04,208 controls). Inverse variance weighted (IVW) was applied as the main MR analysis. Sensitivity analysis was used to evaluate the robustness of our findings. Results In the UVMR analysis, the causal associations of genetically predicted BMI with PDR presented a positive association (OR = 1.120, 95% CI = 1.076-1.167, P < 0.001), and the lower HDL-C level was associated with a higher risk of PDR (OR = 0.898, 95% CI = 0.811-0.995, P = 0.040). No evidence of an association between LDL-C or TG levels (P > 0.05) and PDR risk was found. In the MVMR analysis controlling for the HDL-C level, there was strong evidence for a direct causal effect of BMI on the risk of PDR (OR = 1.106, 95%CI = 1.049, 1.166, P < 0.001, IVW). After adjusting for BMI, there was no evidence for a direct causal effect of the HDL-C level on the risk of PDR (OR = 0.911, 95% CI = 0.823, 1.008, P = 0.072). Sensitivity analyses confirmed that the results were reliable and stable. Conclusion Robust evidence was demonstrated for an independent, causal effect of BMI in increasing the risk of PDR. Further studies are required to understand the potential biological mechanisms underlying this causal relationship.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Shu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Exam Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuting Shao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shen Qu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenting Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Lv
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanlong Bi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- School of Medicine, Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ghosh S, Purcell SA, Martin K, Lima I, Prado CM. Ability of Anthropometric Measurements to Predict Metabolic Health among Patients in Alberta: A Cross-sectional Study in Primary Care. CAN J DIET PRACT RES 2023; 84:167-170. [PMID: 36883645 DOI: 10.3148/cjdpr-2022-039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: This study compared anthropometric and body fat percent (BF%) equations in relation to measures of metabolic health.Methods: BF% calculations (Bergman, Fels, and Woolcott) and anthropometric measurements were used to determine obesity among a sample of patients attending primary care in Alberta, Canada. Anthropometric variables included body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, waist:hip ratio, waist:height ratio, and calculated BF%. Metabolic Z-score was computed as the average of the individual Z-scores of triglycerides, total cholesterol, and fasting glucose and the number of standard deviations from the sample mean.Results: Five hundred and fourteen individuals were included (41.2% male, age: 53 ± 16y, BMI: 27.4 ± 5.7 kg/m2). BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 detected the smallest number of participants (n = 137) as having obesity, while Woolcott BF% equation categorized the largest number of participants as having obesity (n = 369). No anthropometric or BF% calculation predicted metabolic Z-score in males (all p ≥ 0.05). In females, age-adjusted waist:height ratio had the highest prediction power (R2 = 0.204, p < 0.001), followed by age-adjusted waist circumference (R2 = 0.200, p < 0.001) and age-adjusted BMI (R2 = 0.178, p < 0.001).Conclusions: This study did not find evidence that BF% equations more strongly predicted metabolic Z-scores than other anthropometric values. In fact, all anthropometric and BF% variables were weakly related to metabolic health parameters, with apparent sex differences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunita Ghosh
- Alberta Health Services-Cancer Care Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Division of Medical Oncology - University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences - University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Sarah A Purcell
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, School of Medicine, University of Colorado - Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ken Martin
- Canadian Primary Care Sentinel Surveillance Network (CPCSSN), Kingston, ON, Canada
| | | | - Carla M Prado
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Chen R, Lu Y, Xiao Z, Zhang Z, Lv F, Lv F. Effect of body mass index (BMI) on image contrast in the hepatobiliary phase of Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced-MRI and the feasibility of the application of half-dose Gd-EOB-DTPA to hepatobiliary phase imaging in patients with a BMI less than 24: a comparative study. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2023; 13:6176-6192. [PMID: 37711824 PMCID: PMC10498238 DOI: 10.21037/qims-23-653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Background Gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriamine-pentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA)-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can detect more lesions through the image contrast of hepatobiliary phase. Body mass index (BMI) reflects the composition ratio of human tissue, which is an influencing factor of magnetic resonance image contrast. Meanwhile, Gd-EOB-DTPA is recommended to use the minimum dose when the diagnosis demands could be met. The aim of this paper was to investigate the effect of BMI on hepatobiliary phase image contrast and explore the feasibility of using low-dose Gd-EOB-DTPA to obtain good hepatobiliary phase image contrast in patients with normal and lean BMI. Methods Eighty-two patients who had previously undergone Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI (0.025 mmol/kg) were collected and divided into group A (BMI <24 kg/m2) and group B (BMI ≥24 kg/m2) according to Chinese BMI standards. Liver-to-portal vein contrast ratio (LPC20) and liver-to-spleen contrast ratio (LSC20) in hepatobiliary phase (20 min after injection) were calculated. Thirty patients with a BMI <24 kg/m2 who were about to receive Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI were randomly divided into group C (0.0125 mmol/kg) and group D (0.025 mmol/kg). Image acquisition was performed at 10, 15, and 20 min after injection. LPC10, LPC15, LPC20 and LSC10, LSC15, LSC20 in corresponding phases were calculated. Results In retrospective grouping study, compared with group B, group A's LPC20 was significantly higher [2.63 (2.42-3.00) vs. 2.22 (1.97-2.67); P<0.01]. In prospective grouping study, there were no differences in LPC15, LSC15, LPC20 and LSC20 between group C and group D. Intragroup comparison in each group showed that LPC15 (group C: 2.67±0.33; group D: 2.61±0.21) and LPC20 (group C: 2.74±0.37; group D: 2.72±0.27) were higher than LPC10 (group C: 2.19±0.18; group D: 1.94±0.17) (all P<0.01), while there were no changes between LPC15 and LPC20. Conclusions Under conventional dose, hepatobiliary phase image contrast in patients with a BMI <24 was higher, which was mainly manifested in the high LPC. For patients with a BMI <24 kg/m2, using a half conventional dose (0.0125 mmol/kg), good hepatobiliary phase image contrast can still be obtained at 15-20 min after administration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rongsheng Chen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yunfeng Lu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhibo Xiao
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fajin Lv
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Furong Lv
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Bordean L, Chis M, Cimpean AM, Barb AC, Cosma AA, Fenesan MP, Cotoi OS, Nicolescu L, Nicolescu CM, Avram C. Age, Sex, Metabolic and Pharmacologic Factors May Predict Nonresponse Status to Rheumatoid Arthritis Therapies. In Vivo 2023; 37:2387-2401. [PMID: 37652478 PMCID: PMC10500531 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.13344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM A real challenge for patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and rheumatologists is primary nonresponse status (PNRS) or secondary nonresponse status (SNRS) to various therapies. Despite their detrimental influence on patient life quality, PNRS and SNRS have no accurate definition and no early predictive criteria for their development exist. Patients with RA under 40 years of age are rare, hence PNRS and SNRS data for this age group are scarce. This study examined the PNRS and SNRS according to sex, age, BMI, therapy type, and duration. PATIENTS AND METHODS Retrospectively, 115 patients with RA having PNRS and/or SNRS were stratified by age (22-39, 40-59, and 60-81). The association between body mass index (BMI), proinflammatory cytokines inhibitors, JAK inhibitors, and TNF-alpha inhibitors, sex, age, and PNRS and SNRS was examined. RESULTS All three proinflammatory cytokine inhibitors (rituximab, tocilizumab, and abatacept) were associated with PNRS and SNRS in women with a high BMI aged 40-59 years. Abatacept-related PNRS and SNRS was significant in women with normal BMI aged 60-81 years. Adalimumab, infliximab, and golimumab affected SNRS differently in women with normal BMI aged 22-39 years and women with high BMI aged 60-81 years. Etanercept and infliximab were associated with SNRS status in men with high-BMI aged 40-59 years. CONCLUSION PNRS and SNRS development in patients with RA is significantly influenced by age, sex, and BMI, but most importantly is closely and differentially related to therapy type and duration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Bordean
- Department ME2/Rheumatology, Rehabilitation, Physical Medicine and Balneology, Faculty of Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureş (UMPhST), Targu Mures, Romania
- Clinic of Rheumatology, Emergency County Hospital of Târgu Mureş, Targu Mures, Romania
- Doctoral School, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Monica Chis
- Department ME2/Rheumatology, Rehabilitation, Physical Medicine and Balneology, Faculty of Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureş (UMPhST), Targu Mures, Romania;
- Clinic of Rheumatology, Emergency County Hospital of Târgu Mureş, Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Anca Maria Cimpean
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania;
- Center of Expertise for Rare Vascular Disease in Children, Emergency Hospital for Children Louis Turcanu, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Alina Cristina Barb
- Doctoral School, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
- OncoHelp Hospital, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Andrei Alexandru Cosma
- Doctoral School, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
- OncoHelp Hospital, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Mihaela Pasca Fenesan
- Doctoral School, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
- OncoHelp Hospital, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Simion Cotoi
- Department of Pathophysiology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, Targu Mures, Romania
- Department of Pathology, County Clinical Hospital Mureș, Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Laura Nicolescu
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vasile Goldiş Western University of Arad, Arad, Romania
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Emergency County Hospital, Arad, Romania
| | - Cristian Mircea Nicolescu
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital, Arad, Romania
- Department of Biology and Life Sciences, Vasile Goldiş Western University of Arad, Arad, Romania
| | - Claudiu Avram
- Department XVI/Balneology, Rehabilitation and Rheumatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Victor Babes Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Chrysanthopoulos I, Mavrogianni D, Drakaki E, Potiris A, Zikopoulos A, Zachariou A, Domali E, Drakakis P, Stavros S. Detection of zeb1 Gene in Granulosa Cells in Women Undergoing IVF Treatment. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5652. [PMID: 37685721 PMCID: PMC10488692 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12175652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND ZEB1 plays a role in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and acts as a repressor of E-cadherin, TGF-β, and Wnt/β-catenin. Since ZEB1 protein is expressed in estrogen-responsive tissues, and expression of the gene in the normal ovary and endometrium is positively correlated with high estrogen levels, we performed a direct analysis of granulosa cell samples to determine whether there are any significant changes in zeb1 expression during folliculogenesis. METHODS ZEB1 expression levels were measured in the granulosa cells of 56 infertile women undergoing IVF treatment. RNA extraction from granulosa cells was performed along with reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) with SYBR Green I to determine zeb1 gene expression levels. Statistical analysis was performed by using t-test, while possible correlations of the expression of ZEB1 protein with body mass index (BMI), age, number of oocytes, and oocyte maturation were investigated. RESULTS Zeb1 gene expression levels correlate significantly with body mass index (BMI) and age, but not with oocyte number and oocyte maturation stage. Obese women demonstrate a higher expression level of zeb1 gene compared to normal and overweight women. Moreover, zeb1 gene is overexpressed in women aged 35-40 years old and is under-expressed in women >40 years old. CONCLUSIONS ZEB1 expression should be further investigated as it may unveil new potential findings of the zeb1 gene's role in female fertility and its use as a biomarker in fertility workups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Chrysanthopoulos
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alexandra Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 28 Athens, Greece; (I.C.); (D.M.); (E.D.); (E.D.); (P.D.)
| | - Despoina Mavrogianni
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alexandra Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 28 Athens, Greece; (I.C.); (D.M.); (E.D.); (E.D.); (P.D.)
| | - Eirini Drakaki
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alexandra Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 28 Athens, Greece; (I.C.); (D.M.); (E.D.); (E.D.); (P.D.)
| | - Anastasios Potiris
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University General Hospital “ATTIKON”, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece;
| | - Athanasios Zikopoulos
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Treliske, Truro TR1 3LQ, UK;
| | - Athanasios Zachariou
- Laboratory of Spermatology, Department of Urology, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece;
| | - Ekaterini Domali
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alexandra Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 28 Athens, Greece; (I.C.); (D.M.); (E.D.); (E.D.); (P.D.)
| | - Peter Drakakis
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alexandra Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 28 Athens, Greece; (I.C.); (D.M.); (E.D.); (E.D.); (P.D.)
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University General Hospital “ATTIKON”, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece;
| | - Sofoklis Stavros
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University General Hospital “ATTIKON”, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece;
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Foran JM, Sun Z, Lai C, Fernandez HF, Cripe LD, Ketterling RP, Racevskis J, Luger SM, Paietta E, Lazarus HM, Zhang Y, Bennett JM, Levine RL, Rowe JM, Litzow MR, Tallman MS. Obesity in adult acute myeloid leukemia is not associated with inferior response or survival even when dose capping anthracyclines: An ECOG-ACRIN analysis. Cancer 2023; 129:2479-2490. [PMID: 37185873 PMCID: PMC10932613 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.34807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥30 kg/m2 ) is an important epidemiological risk factor for developing acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Therefore, the authors studied the association of obesity with clinical and genetic phenotype and its impact on outcome in adults with AML. METHODS The authors analyzed BMI in 1088 adults who were receiving intensive remission induction and consolidation therapy in two prospective, randomized therapeutic clinical trials of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group-American College of Radiology Imaging Network: E1900 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT00049517; patients younger than 60 years) and E3999 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT00046930; patients aged 60 years or older). RESULTS Obesity was prevalent at diagnosis (33%) and, compared with nonobesity, was associated with intermediate-risk cytogenetics group (p = .008), poorer performance status (p = .01), and a trend toward older age (p = .06). Obesity was not associated with somatic mutations among a selected 18-gene panel that was tested in a subset of younger patients. Obesity was not associated with clinical outcome (including complete remission, early death, or overall survival), and the authors did not identify any patient subgroup that had inferior outcomes based on BMI. Obese patients were significantly more likely to receive <90% of the intended daunorubicin dose despite protocol specification, particularly in the E1900 high-dose (90 mg/m2 ) daunorubicin arm (p = .002); however, this did not correlate with inferior overall survival on multivariate analysis (hazard ratio, 1.39; 95% confidence interval, 0.90-2.13; p = .14). CONCLUSIONS Obesity is associated with unique clinical and disease-related phenotypic features in AML and may influence physician treatment decisions regarding daunorubicin dosing. However, the current study demonstrates that obesity is not a factor in survival, and strict adherence to body surface area-based dosing is not necessary because dose adjustments do not affect outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James M. Foran
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology and Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Zhuoxin Sun
- ECOG-ACRIN Biostatistics Center, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Catherine Lai
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Hugo F. Fernandez
- Blood & Marrow Transplantation, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Larry D. Cripe
- Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Rhett P. Ketterling
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Selina M. Luger
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | - Yanming Zhang
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - John M. Bennett
- Hematopathology Division, Department of Pathology, James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Ross L. Levine
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Mark R. Litzow
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Martin S. Tallman
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Robert H.Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, Illinois
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Popovici D, Stanisav C, Saftescu S, Negru S, Dragomir R, Ciurescu D, Diaconescu R. Exploring the Influence of Age, Gender and Body Mass Index on Colorectal Cancer Location. Medicina (Kaunas) 2023; 59:1399. [PMID: 37629689 PMCID: PMC10456780 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59081399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Background and objectives: The global burden of non-communicable diseases like obesity and cancer, particularly colorectal cancer (CRC), is increasing. The present study aimed to investigate the association between CRC location (proximal vs. distal) and patient demographic factors including age, sex, and BMI, as well as cancer stage at diagnosis. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data from 830 patients diagnosed with CRC were analyzed. The variables included age, sex, weight, height, BMI, cancer location, and cancer stage at diagnosis. Patients were stratified into three age groups and three BMI categories, and we analyzed the association between cancer location and these variables using Chi-squared tests and multivariate logistic regression. Results: The rectum and ascending colon were the most common locations of malignant neoplasms. No statistically significant differences in cancer location across age groups were observed. Significant differences were found in the BMI across age groups, particularly in the normal weight and overweight categories. Normal weight and obese patients had a higher proportion of Stage 3 and Stage 4 cancers. Obesity emerged as a significant predictor for rectal cancer in a multivariate logistic regression analysis, with an odds ratio of 1.56. However, no significant associations were found between cancer location and other factors like age, gender, or cancer stage. Conclusions: Our study revealed that normal weight and obese patients had a higher proportion of Stage 3 and Stage 4 cancers, with obesity emerging as a significant predictor for rectal cancer. It is important to note that while obesity was found to be a significant predictor for rectal cancer, the development and location of colorectal cancer is likely influenced by various factors beyond those studied here. Therefore, further research is needed to investigate the roles of other potential risk factors, like loss of SIRT6 and adipose tissue homeostasis. Additionally, inflammation associated with microbiota in the colorectal mucosa, systemic gene expression, and visceral obesity may also play important roles in the development and progression of colorectal cancer. Understanding these intricate relationships is crucial for better screening, disease prognosis, and management strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dorel Popovici
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Cristian Stanisav
- Departments of Radiology, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Sorin Saftescu
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Serban Negru
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Radu Dragomir
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Daniel Ciurescu
- Departments of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine, Transylvania University of Brașov, 500019 Brasov, Romania
| | - Razvan Diaconescu
- Departments of General Surgery, Vasile Goldiş Western University of Arad, 310025 Arad, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Lin WT, Gonzalez GV, Kao YH, Lin HY, Li MS, Seal DW, Lee CH, Hu CY, Chen LS, Tseng TS. Mediation of BMI on 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels in U.S. Adults with Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Consumption. Nutrients 2023; 15:3291. [PMID: 37571227 PMCID: PMC10421177 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Body mass index (BMI) as well as sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) has been suggested to independently decrease 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D). However, the relationship between SSB, BMI, and 25(OH)D is uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the potential mediating role of BMI in the association between SSB intake and 25(OH)D. A total of 4505 representative U.S. adults aged above 20 years and without liver conditions were selected from the 2013-2014 NHANES. All analyses were performed under survey modules with appropriate sampling weights. The prevalence of 25(OH)D insufficiency and deficiency was 37.8% and 24.1% in U.S. adults, respectively. Compared with non-SSB consumers, an increased risk of vitamin D deficiency was found in either heavy SSB consumers or soda consumers, respectively (aOR = 2.10, 95% CI = 1.25-3.54 in heavy SSB consumers; aOR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.06-2.44 in soda consumers). Around 21.3% of the total effect of sugar intake from SSB on decreased 25(OH)D was explained by BMI. In conclusion, high total sugar intake from SSB and BMI independently contribute to lower 25(OH)D, and BMI mediates the inverse association between total sugar intake from SSB intake and 25(OH)D. Furthermore, an increased risk of having vitamin D deficiency was found in the population who consumed higher levels of sugar from SSB or soda drinks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ting Lin
- Social, Behavioral, and Population Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (W.-T.L.); (D.W.S.)
| | - Gabrielle V. Gonzalez
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences Program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (G.V.G.); (Y.-H.K.); (M.S.L.)
| | - Yu-Hsiang Kao
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences Program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (G.V.G.); (Y.-H.K.); (M.S.L.)
| | - Hui-Yi Lin
- Biostatistics Program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
| | - Mirandy S. Li
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences Program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (G.V.G.); (Y.-H.K.); (M.S.L.)
| | - David W. Seal
- Social, Behavioral, and Population Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (W.-T.L.); (D.W.S.)
| | - Chien-Hung Lee
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chih-yang Hu
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
| | - Lei-Shih Chen
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA;
| | - Tung-Sung Tseng
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences Program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (G.V.G.); (Y.-H.K.); (M.S.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Chatterjee R, Davenport CA, Vickery EM, Johnson KC, Kashyap SR, LeBlanc ES, Nelson J, Dagogo-Jack S, Pittas AG, Hughes BD. Effect of intratrial mean 25(OH)D concentration on diabetes risk, by race and weight: an ancillary analysis in the D2d study. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 118:59-67. [PMID: 37001590 PMCID: PMC10447481 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Higher serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] is associated with lower type 2 diabetes risk. 25(OH)D varies due to skin pigmentation and weight. OBJECTIVES This analysis aims to determine whether the effect of vitamin D differs among people of color and those with overweight/obesity (who have higher diabetes risk) compared with individuals who are White or have normal weight. METHODS The D2d study is a randomized clinical trial in people with prediabetes that tested the effects of daily vitamin D3 4000 IU vs. placebo on diabetes risk (median followup 2.5 y). We compared baseline and intratrial mean 25(OH)D concentrations, defined as the mean of all available annual 25(OH)D values, among groups defined by self-reported race and body mass index (BMI). We used Cox proportional hazards models to assess the associations between intratrial mean 25(OH)D and diabetes risk by race- and BMI-based groups. RESULTS Asian (n=130), Black (n=616), and White (n=1616) participants were included. Both baseline and intratrial mean 25(OH)D concentrations differed significantly by race groups (both P < 0.001) and were lower in Asian and Black vs. White participants, and in those with higher vs. lower BMI adjusted for race (both P < 0.001). Compared with those with lower concentrations, Black and White participants with intratrial mean 25(OH)D ≥ 40 ng/mL had significantly reduced diabetes risk [HR (95% CI): Black: 0.51 (0.29, 0.92); White: 0.42 (0.30, 0.60)] and with a similar reduction in diabetes risk among Asian participants: 0.39 (0.14, 1.11). Compared with those with lower concentrations, participants with baseline BMI < 40 kg/m2 who achieved intratrial mean 25(OH)D concentrations ≥ 40 ng/mL had a significantly reduced diabetes risk. There was no statistically significant interaction between intratrial 25(OH)D and race or between intratrial 25(OH)D and BMI on diabetes risk. CONCLUSIONS Among people with prediabetes, particularly for Black and White race groups and those with BMI < 40 kg/m2, the optimal 25(OH)D concentration may be ≥ 40 ng/mL to optimize diabetes-prevention efforts. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01942694.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ranee Chatterjee
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States.
| | - Clemontina A Davenport
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Ellen M Vickery
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Karen C Johnson
- Department of Preventive Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Sangeeta R Kashyap
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Erin S LeBlanc
- Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research NW, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Jason Nelson
- BERD Center, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Samuel Dagogo-Jack
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Anastassios G Pittas
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Bess Dawson Hughes
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States; Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Kaur A, Madhukar M, Dhoat PS, Kaur N. Anthropometric Indices and its Association with Hypertension in Indian Population: A Study from Tertiary Care Center of North India. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2023; 15:S312-S314. [PMID: 37654358 PMCID: PMC10466672 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_417_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Anthropometric indices such as body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist hip ratio (WHR) have been used for a long time as a measure of obesity and abdominal fat and the relationship between these indices and hypertension has been well established. But these indices cannot discriminate between fat and muscle mass, leaving a greater population not categorized adequately. Recent studies have also demonstrated that not only the amount of fat but also the distribution of fat is important in hypertensive patients. So, new indices have come up through various studies to overcome this lag. The indices ABSI-Body shape index and BRI-Body roundness index are now being increasingly used to assess the risk of hypertension. Very few studies have been conducted on the Indian population in relation to this index. Material and Methods The study included 700 patients with hypertension visiting the medicine outpatient department (OPD). Anthropometric indices-Height, weight, WC, HC, and WHR were calculated. The indices ABSI-Body shape index and BRI-Body roundness index were calculated as per the respective formulas. The comparison of various indices of anthropometry and hypertension was done as per the statistical analysis. Results Our study concluded the positive correlation of hypertension with older as well as newer hypertensive indices. Conclusion Early screening for the detection of hypertensives should be carried out to ease the disease burden and the anthropometric indices being a cost-effective and easy-to-conduct method can be used to facilitate the detection of hypertension. Appropriate lifestyle interventions should be promoted to decrease the prevalence of hypertensive patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amandeep Kaur
- Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Mohit Madhukar
- Department of Pathology, Civil Hospital, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Preeti Singh Dhoat
- Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Navdeep Kaur
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bathinda, Punjab, India
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Kileel EM, Malvestutto CD, Lo J, Fitch KV, Fichtenbaum CJ, Aberg JA, Zanni MV, Martinez E, Okeke NL, Kumar P, Joao E, Bares SH, Berrner D, Smieja M, Roa JC, McCallum S, Douglas PS, Ribaudo HJ, Grinspoon SK. Changes in Body Mass Index with Longer-term Integrase Inhibitor Use: A Longitudinal Analysis of Data from the Randomized Trial to Prevent Vascular Events in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (REPRIEVE). Clin Infect Dis 2023; 76:2010-2013. [PMID: 36825498 PMCID: PMC10474926 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciad107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Over 2-years of follow-up, integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI)-use was associated with weight gain among those on an INSTI <2 years at entry (+0.27 kg/m2/year; 95% confidence interval [CI], .22 to .33 vs +0.17 kg/m2/year; 95% CI, .12 to .23; P = .01), but not those on an entry INSTI >2 years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma M Kileel
- Metabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Carlos D Malvestutto
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Janet Lo
- Metabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kathleen V Fitch
- Metabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Carl J Fichtenbaum
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Judith A Aberg
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Markella V Zanni
- Metabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Esteban Martinez
- Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital Clinic and University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nwora Lance Okeke
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Princy Kumar
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Travel Medicine, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Esau Joao
- Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Federal dos Servidores do Estado, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Sara H Bares
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Daniel Berrner
- University of California–San Francisco at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Marek Smieja
- Division of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Sara McCallum
- Metabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Pamela S Douglas
- Duke University Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Heather J Ribaudo
- Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Steven K Grinspoon
- Metabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Hong S, Choi W, Lee KW, Lee YT, Kwon T. Penile length and circumference: are they related to nose size? Transl Androl Urol 2023; 12:708-714. [PMID: 37305632 PMCID: PMC10251097 DOI: 10.21037/tau-22-869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We investigated the relationship between the size of the penis and that of the nose. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 1,160 patients whose nose and penis sizes were measured. These participants were selected from a subset of 1,531 patients who visited the Dr. JOMULJU Urology Clinic between March and October 2022. Patients aged <20 years and those who underwent surgery for the nose and penis were excluded. Nose size was determined by measuring the length, width, and height of the nose, which were used to calculate the volume of the triangular pyramid. Stretched penile length (SPL) and penile circumference before erection were measured. The participants' height, weight, foot size, and serum testosterone levels were measured. Testicular size was measured using ultrasonography. Predictors of penile length and circumference were assessed using linear regression analysis. Results The participants' average age was 35.5 years, mean SPL was 11.2 cm, and mean penile circumference was 6.8 cm. Univariate analysis revealed that body weight, body mass index (BMI), the serum testosterone level, and nose size were associated with SPL. Multivariable analysis revealed that BMI (P=0.001) and nose size (P=0.023) were significant predictors of SPL. Univariate analysis revealed that penile circumference was related to an individual's height, weight, BMI, nose size, and foot size. Multivariable analysis revealed that body weight (P=0.008) and testicular size (P=0.002) were significant predictors of penile circumference. Conclusions Nose size was a significant predictor of penile size. The sizes of the penis and nose increased with a decrease in BMI. This interesting study confirms the truth of an erstwhile myth about penis size.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Taekmin Kwon
- Department of Urology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Lotan R, Thein R, Gordon B, Tenenbaum S, Derazne E, Tzur D, Afek A, Hershkovich O. Is There an Association between BMI, Height, and Gender and Long-Bone Fractures during Childhood and Adolescence? A Large Cross-Sectional Population Study of 911,206 Subjects. Children (Basel) 2023; 10:984. [PMID: 37371216 DOI: 10.3390/children10060984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Traumatic long-bone fractures (TLFs) among children and adolescents are relatively common, with morbidity and economic consequences. Obesity has become a significant global concern. Studies have found an association between TLFs and BMI in the past but not in a large cross-sectional population study. Our study objective was to measure the incidence of TLFs in the 17-year-old general population and evaluate its association with BMI, body height, and gender. METHODS Data from a medical database containing all 17-year-old candidates' records before recruitment into mandatory military service were retrieved as BMI, height, gender, and history of TLFs. Logistic regression models assessed the association between BMI and height to TLFs. RESULTS The records of 911,206 subjects (515,339 males) were reviewed. In total, 9.65% had a history of TLFs (12.25% and 6.25% for males/females, respectively). Higher BMI was associated with TLF, with a linear trend in the odds ratio (OR) for having TLFs. The strongest association was found between obese females and TLFs (OR = 1.364, p < 0.0001). Height was an independent factor positively associated with TLFs. The OR for a TLF in the highest height quintile was 1.238 (p < 0.001) for males and 1.411 (p < 0.001) for females compared to the lowest quintile. Although TLFs were more common in males, the OR for TLFs was more prominent in females. CONCLUSIONS There is an association between BMI, body height, and TLFs in healthy adolescents. TLFs are more common in males, but the strongest association between overweight and obesity is evident in females.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Lotan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Edith Wolfson Medical Center, Affiliated to the Sackler School of Medicine, Holon 5822012, Israel
| | - Ran Thein
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Affiliated to the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv 5262000, Israel
| | - Barak Gordon
- Medical Corps, Israeli Defense Forces, Ramat Gan 91120, Israel
- Department of Military Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Research in Military Medicine (IRMM), The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Shay Tenenbaum
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Affiliated to the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv 5262000, Israel
| | - Estela Derazne
- Medical Corps, Israeli Defense Forces, Ramat Gan 91120, Israel
| | - Dorit Tzur
- Medical Corps, Israeli Defense Forces, Ramat Gan 91120, Israel
| | - Arnon Afek
- Management, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Affiliated to the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv 5262000, Israel
| | - Oded Hershkovich
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Edith Wolfson Medical Center, Affiliated to the Sackler School of Medicine, Holon 5822012, Israel
- Medical Corps, Israeli Defense Forces, Ramat Gan 91120, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Vedire Y, Kalvapudi S, Yendamuri S. Obesity and lung cancer-a narrative review. J Thorac Dis 2023; 15:2806-2823. [PMID: 37324095 PMCID: PMC10267921 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-22-1835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objective A highly nuanced relationship exists between obesity and lung cancer. The association between obesity and lung cancer risk/prognosis varies depending on age, gender, race, and the metric used to quantify adiposity. Increased body mass index (BMI) is counterintuitively associated with decreased lung cancer incidence and mortality, giving rise to the term 'obesity paradox'. Potential explanations for this paradox are BMI being a poor measure of obesity, confounding by smoking and reverse causation. A literature search of this topic yields conflicting conclusions from various authors. We aim to clarify the relationship between various measures of obesity, lung cancer risk, and lung cancer prognosis. Methods The PubMed database was searched on 10 August 2022 to identify published research studies. Literature published in English between 2018 and 2022 were included. Sixty-nine publications were considered relevant, and their full text studied to collate information for this review. Key Content and Findings Lower lung cancer incidence and better prognosis was associated with increased BMI even after accounting for smoking and pre-clinical weight loss. Individuals with high BMI also responded better to treatment modalities such as immunotherapy compared to individuals with a normal BMI. However, these associations varied highly depending on age, gender, and race. Inability of BMI to measure body habitus is the main driver behind this variability. The use of anthropometric indicators and image-based techniques to quantify central obesity easily and accurately is on the rise. Increase in central adiposity is associated with increased incidence and poorer prognosis of lung cancer, contrasting BMI. Conclusions The obesity paradox may arise due to the improper use of BMI as a measure of body composition. Measures of central obesity better portray the deleterious effects of obesity and are more appropriate to be discussed when talking about lung cancer. The use of obesity metrics based on anthropometric measurements and imaging modalities has been shown to be feasible and practical. However, a lack of standardization makes it difficult to interpret the results of studies using these metrics. Further research must be done to understand the association between these obesity metrics and lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yeshwanth Vedire
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Sukumar Kalvapudi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Sai Yendamuri
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Åberg D, Gadd G, Jood K, Redfors P, Stanne TM, Isgaard J, Blennow K, Zetterberg H, Jern C, Åberg ND, Svensson J. Serum IGFBP-1 Concentration as a Predictor of Outcome after Ischemic Stroke-A Prospective Observational Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119120. [PMID: 37298072 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) regulates insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) bioactivity, and is a central player in normal growth, metabolism, and stroke recovery. However, the role of serum IGFBP-1 (s-IGFBP-1) after ischemic stroke is unclear. We determined whether s-IGFBP-1 is predictive of poststroke outcome. The study population comprised patients (n = 470) and controls (n = 471) from the Sahlgrenska Academy Study on Ischemic Stroke (SAHLSIS). Functional outcome was evaluated after 3 months, 2, and 7 years using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Survival was followed for a minimum of 7 years or until death. S-IGFBP-1 was increased after 3 months (p < 0.01), but not in the acute phase after stroke, compared with the controls. Higher acute s-IGFBP-1 was associated with poor functional outcome (mRS score > 2) after 7 years [fully adjusted odds ratio (OR) per log increase 2.9, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.4-5.9]. Moreover, higher s-IGFBP-1 after 3 months was associated with a risk of poor functional outcome after 2 and 7 years (fully adjusted: OR 3.4, 95% CI: 1.4-8.5 and OR 5.7, 95% CI: 2.5-12.8, respectively) and with increased mortality risk (fully adjusted: HR 2.0, 95% CI: 1.1-3.7). Thus, high acute s-IGFBP-1 was only associated with poor functional outcome after 7 years, whereas s-IGFBP-1 after 3 months was an independent predictor of poor long-term functional outcome and poststroke mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Åberg
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Blå Stråket 5, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Department of Specialist Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Blå Stråket 5, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Gustaf Gadd
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Blå Stråket 5, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Department of Acute Medicine and Geriatrics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Blå Stråket 5, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Katarina Jood
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Department of Neurology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Blå Stråket 5, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Petra Redfors
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Department of Neurology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Blå Stråket 5, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tara M Stanne
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jörgen Isgaard
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Blå Stråket 5, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Department of Specialist Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Blå Stråket 5, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Region Västra Götaland, Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 431 80 Mölndal, Sweden
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 431 80 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Region Västra Götaland, Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 431 80 Mölndal, Sweden
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 431 80 Mölndal, Sweden
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University College London (UCL), London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706-1380, USA
| | - Christina Jern
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Department of Genetics and Genomics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Blå Stråket 5, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - N David Åberg
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Blå Stråket 5, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Department of Acute Medicine and Geriatrics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Blå Stråket 5, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Johan Svensson
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Blå Stråket 5, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Department of Internal Medicine, Skaraborg Central Hospital, 541 42 Skövde, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Kelly AS, Arslanian S, Hesse D, Iversen AT, Körner A, Schmidt S, Sørrig R, Weghuber D, Jastreboff AM. Reducing BMI below the obesity threshold in adolescents treated with once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 2.4 mg. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2023. [PMID: 37196421 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine how improvement in body mass index (BMI) with the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, semaglutide, translated to changes in BMI category in a post-hoc analysis of the double-blind, phase 3a randomized controlled STEP TEENS trial (NCT04102189). METHODS Adolescents with obesity received once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 2.4 mg or placebo, plus lifestyle intervention which comprised counseling in healthy nutrition and a goal of 60 minutes of moderate- to high-intensity physical activity per day. Achievement of an improvement in BMI category and attainment of normal weight or overweight BMI category by week 68 were analyzed using logistic regression models. RESULTS In the overall population, 44.9% of participants receiving semaglutide achieved normal weight or overweight BMI category versus 12.1% receiving placebo at week 68 (odds ratio: 22.7; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 7.6-67.9). The proportion of semaglutide-treated participants in obesity class III decreased from 37.3% to 13.6%, but increased with placebo. The odds ratio for achieving an improvement of ≥1 BMI category was significantly greater with semaglutide versus placebo (23.5; 95% CI: 9.9-55.5); an improvement of ≥1 BMI category was seen in 73.7% of participants receiving semaglutide compared with 19.0% with placebo. CONCLUSIONS Semaglutide was highly effective in reducing BMI category. While on treatment, most trial participants' BMI improved by ≥1 category and > 40% reached a category below the obesity threshold. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron S Kelly
- Department of Pediatrics and Center for Pediatric Obesity Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Silva Arslanian
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Center for Pediatric Research in Obesity and Metabolism, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | | | - Antje Körner
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Centre of Paediatric Research (CPL), Leipzig University, Medical Faculty, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | | | - Daniel Weghuber
- Department of Pediatrics, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Ania M Jastreboff
- Department of Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism) and Department of Pediatrics (Pediatric Endocrinology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Belenchia AM, Boukhalfa A, DeMarco VG, Mehm A, Mahmood A, Liu P, Tang Y, Gavini MP, Mooney B, Chen HH, Pulakat L. Cardiovascular Protective Effects of NP-6A4, a Drug with the FDA Designation for Pediatric Cardiomyopathy, in Female Rats with Obesity and Pre-Diabetes. Cells 2023; 12:1373. [PMID: 37408206 DOI: 10.3390/cells12101373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obese and pre-diabetic women have a higher risk for cardiovascular death than age-matched men with the same symptoms, and there are no effective treatments. We reported that obese and pre-diabetic female Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF-F) rats recapitulate metabolic and cardiac pathology of young obese and pre-diabetic women and exhibit suppression of cardio-reparative AT2R. Here, we investigated whether NP-6A4, a new AT2R agonist with the FDA designation for pediatric cardiomyopathy, mitigate heart disease in ZDF-F rats by restoring AT2R expression. METHODS ZDF-F rats on a high-fat diet (to induce hyperglycemia) were treated with saline, NP-6A4 (10 mg/kg/day), or NP-6A4 + PD123319 (AT2R-specific antagonist, 5 mg/kg/day) for 4 weeks (n = 21). Cardiac functions, structure, and signaling were assessed by echocardiography, histology, immunohistochemistry, immunoblotting, and cardiac proteome analysis. RESULTS NP-6A4 treatment attenuated cardiac dysfunction, microvascular damage (-625%) and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy (-263%), and increased capillary density (200%) and AT2R expression (240%) (p < 0.05). NP-6A4 activated a new 8-protein autophagy network and increased autophagy marker LC3-II but suppressed autophagy receptor p62 and autophagy inhibitor Rubicon. Co-treatment with AT2R antagonist PD123319 suppressed NP-6A4's protective effects, confirming that NP-6A4 acts through AT2R. NP-6A4-AT2R-induced cardioprotection was independent of changes in body weight, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, or blood pressure. CONCLUSIONS Cardiac autophagy impairment underlies heart disease induced by obesity and pre-diabetes, and there are no drugs to re-activate autophagy. We propose that NP-6A4 can be an effective drug to reactivate cardiac autophagy and treat obesity- and pre-diabetes-induced heart disease, particularly for young and obese women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony M Belenchia
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center and Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Asma Boukhalfa
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, and Department of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Vincent G DeMarco
- Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Alexander Mehm
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, and Department of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Abuzar Mahmood
- Department of Neuroscience, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | - Pei Liu
- Charles W. Gehrke Proteomics Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Yinian Tang
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, and Department of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | | | - Brian Mooney
- Charles W. Gehrke Proteomics Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Division of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Howard H Chen
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, and Department of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Lakshmi Pulakat
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center and Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, and Department of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Yang Y, Chen D, Zhong D, Yi Z. Association of body mass index with survival in U.S. cancer survivors: a cross-sectional study of NHANES 1999-2018. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1180442. [PMID: 37251930 PMCID: PMC10213672 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1180442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Understanding the association between relative mortality with body mass index (BMI) may aid clinicians in making suitable clinical decisions. Our study evaluated the impact of BMI on mortality among cancer survivors. Methods We used data from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) spanning from 1999 to 2018. Relevant mortality data were retrieved up until December 31, 2019. Adjusted Cox models were employed to examine the association of BMI with the risks for total and cause-specific mortality. Results Among 4135 cancer survivors, 1486 (35.9%) were obese (21.0% class 1 obesity [BMI 30-< 35 kg/m2], 9.2% class 2 obesity [BMI 35 -< 40 kg/m2], 5.7% class 3 obesity [BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2]), 1475(35.7%) were overweight (BMI 25-< 30 kg/m2). During an average follow-up of 8.9 years (35895 person-years), a total of 1361 deaths were reported (cancer 392; 356 cardiovascular disease [CVD]; 613, non-cancer, non-CVD). In multivariable models, underweight participants (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2) were associated with significantly higher risks of cancer-specific (HR, 3.31; 95% CI, 1.37-8.03, P=0.01) and CVD cause (HR, 3.18; 95% CI, 1.44-7.02, P < 0.001) mortality compared to individuals with normal weight. Being overweight was associated with significantly lower risks of non-cancer, non-CVD cause mortality (HR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.51-0.87, P < 0.001). Class 1 obesity was associated with significantly reduced risks of all-cause (HR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.61-0.99, P = 0.04), and non-cancer, non-CVD cause (HR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.42-0.86, P = 0.01) mortality. A higher risk of CVD-related mortality (HR, 2.35; 95% CI, 1.07-5.18, P = 0.03) was observed in class 3 obesity cases. Lower risks of all-cause mortality were detected in men (overweight, HR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.59-0.99, P=0.04; class 1 obesity, HR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.49-0.98, P = 0.04) but not in woman, in never-smokers (class 1 obesity, HR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.41-0.90, P=0.01) and former smokers (overweight, HR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.60-0.98, P=0.04) but not in current smokers; in obesity-related cancer (class 2 obesity, HR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.27-0.89, P=0.01) but not in non-obesity-related cancers. Conclusions In the United States, cancer survivors with overweight or moderate obesity (class 1 or class 2 obesity) demonstrated a lower risk of all-cause and noncancer, non-CVD cause mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jinhua People’s Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jinhua People’s Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dingfu Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jinhua People’s Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zongbi Yi
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Chen B, Sluiman AJ, Khalid W, Strachan MWJ, Price JF. Risk of dementia associated with body mass index, changes in body weight and waist circumference in older people with type 2 diabetes: The Edinburgh Type 2 Diabetes Study. Diabet Med 2023; 40:e15063. [PMID: 36756713 PMCID: PMC10947035 DOI: 10.1111/dme.15063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS To determine the relationship of dementia with preceding body mass index (BMI), changes in body weight and waist circumference in older people with type 2 diabetes. METHODS In the Edinburgh Type 2 Diabetes Study (1064 men and women with type 2 diabetes, aged 60-75), body weight, waist circumference and BMI were measured at baseline and after 4 years in a subgroup (n = 821). Percentage body weight and waist circumference change over 4 years were calculated. Data on incident dementia was recorded during a median follow-up time of 10.84 years. Survival models considering a range of co-variables and/or death as a competing risk were used to estimate the risks of dementia associated with each weight-related variable. RESULTS A total of 105 incident dementia events were recorded. When compared with people in the lowest BMI group (<25 kg/m2 ), risk of dementia was lower in intermediate BMI groups (25-29.9 kg/m2 , HR 0.44, p = 0.002; 30-34.9 kg/m2 , HR 0.41, p = 0.001) and the highest BMI group (≧35 kg/m2 , HR 0.35, p = 0.001). In the weight change subgroup, 78 incident dementia events were recorded between years 4 and 10. Body weight loss over 5% (compared with ≦5%) was associated with higher incidence of dementia (HR 2.06, p = 0.010). The association between waist circumference change and dementia was not significant. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATIONS Both a lower BMI and weight loss over a period of years are indicative of increased dementia risk for older people with type 2 diabetes, while waist circumference changes may be less informative.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo‐Jen Chen
- College of Medicine and Veterinary MedicineUsher Institute, University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- Department of Internal MedicineNational Taiwan University HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Anniek J. Sluiman
- College of Medicine and Veterinary MedicineUsher Institute, University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Wardah Khalid
- College of Medicine and Veterinary MedicineUsher Institute, University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | | | - Jackie F. Price
- College of Medicine and Veterinary MedicineUsher Institute, University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Wang X, Chen X, Zhou J, Jiang R. Hypothyroidism induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with antiangiogenic agents is associated with higher body mass index. J Thorac Dis 2023; 15:1958-1969. [PMID: 37197523 PMCID: PMC10183541 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-23-306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Background Recent studies have reported that the combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and antiangiogenic agents could be a promising therapeutic strategy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, both ICIs and antiangiogenic agents are associated with endocrine dysfunctions, mainly hypothyroidism. The risk of hypothyroidism is potentially increased with the combination of ICIs and antiangiogenic agents. This study aimed to investigate the incidence and risk factors of hypothyroidism in patients receiving combination therapy. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study of advanced NSCLC patients treated with ICIs and antiangiogenic agents at Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital from July 1, 2019, to December 31, 2021. Patients with normal thyroid function at baseline were enrolled, and information on the patients' characteristics before receiving combination therapy, including body mass index (BMI) and laboratory data, was obtained. Results Among the 137 enrolled patients, 39 (28.5%) developed new-onset hypothyroidism, and 20 (14.6%) developed overt hypothyroidism. The incidence of hypothyroidism was significantly higher in obese patients than in patients with a low to normal BMI (P<0.001). Obese patients also had a higher incidence of overt hypothyroidism (P=0.016). Univariate logistic regression showed that BMI as a continuous variable was a significant risk factor for hypothyroidism [odds ratio (OR) 1.24, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.10-1.42, P<0.001] and overt hypothyroidism (OR 1.17, 95% CI: 1.01-1.38, P=0.039). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that only BMI (OR 1.36, 95% CI: 1.16-1.61, P<0.001) and age (OR 1.08, 95% CI: 1.02-1.14, P=0.006) were significant risk factors for treatment-related hypothyroidism. Conclusions The risk of hypothyroidism in patients receiving a combination of ICIs and antiangiogenic therapy is manageable, and a higher BMI is associated with a significantly increased risk of hypothyroidism. Therefore, clinicians should be aware of the development of hypothyroidism in obese advanced NSCLC patients during the administration of ICIs combined with antiangiogenic agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Wang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiuqiong Chen
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Richeng Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Chua SC, Yovich SJ, Hinchliffe PM, Yovich JL. Male Clinical Parameters (Age, Stature, Weight, Body Mass Index, Smoking History, Alcohol Consumption) Bear Minimal Relationship to the Level of Sperm DNA Fragmentation. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13050759. [PMID: 37240929 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13050759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This retrospective cohort study reports on 1291 males who were the partners of women presenting with infertility requiring assisted reproduction and who had sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) levels measured by the Halosperm test. These men provided clinical and biometric details which included their age, stature, weight, and body mass index (BMI). Of these men, 562 (43.5%) provided detailed historical records of their smoking and alcohol histories. The aim of this study was to determine whether any clinical and biometric parameters, or main lifestyle factors, had any influence on SDF. We found that the only clinical parameter with a direct correlation was that of advancing age (r = 0.064, p = 0.02), but none of the biometric parameters of stature, weight, or BMI showed any significant correlation. In respect to lifestyle, there were significant correlations with smoking history, but not in the way we expected. Our data showed significantly elevated SDF levels among non-smokers (p = 0.03) compared with smokers. We also found that, among the non-smokers, ex-smokers had higher SDF levels (p = 0.03). With respect to alcohol, consumers did not show any significant differences in SDF levels. These lifestyle findings did not show any significant relevance with respect to an SDF level of <15% or ≥15%. Furthermore, logistic regression analysis excluded age as a confounder in these lifestyle findings. It is therefore concluded that, apart from age, both clinical and lifestyle aspects have minimal relevance to SDF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiao Chuan Chua
- PIVET Medical Centre, Perth, WA 6007, Australia
- Hospital Shah Alam, Shah Alam 40000, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | | | - John Lui Yovich
- PIVET Medical Centre, Perth, WA 6007, Australia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Pasi P, Kröll D, Siegfried A, Sykora M, Wildisen A, Milone C, Milos G, Horka L, Fischli S, Henzen C. Plasma concentrations of SSRI/SNRI after bariatric surgery and the effects on depressive symptoms. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1132112. [PMID: 37181889 PMCID: PMC10166804 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1132112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Depression and treatment with antidepressants SSRI/SNRI are common in people with morbid obesity who are candidates for bariatric surgery. There is few and inconsistent data about the postoperative plasma concentrations of SSRI/SNRI. The aims of our study were to provide comprehensive data about the postoperative bioavailability of SSRI/SNRI, and the clinical effects on depressive symptoms. Methods Prospective multicenter study including 63 patients with morbid obesity and therapy with fixed doses of SSRI/SNRI: participants filled the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) questionnaire, and plasma levels of SSRI/SNRI were measured by HPLC, preoperatively (T0), and 4 weeks (T1) and 6 months (T2) postoperatively. Results The plasma concentrations of SSRI/SNRI dropped significantly in the bariatric surgery group from T0 to T2 by 24.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], -36.8 to -16.6, p = 0.0027): from T0 to T1 by 10.5% (95% 17 CI, -22.7 to -2.3; p = 0.016), and from T1 to T2 by 12.8% (95% CI, -29.3 to 3.5, p = 0.123), respectively.There was no significant change in the BDI score during follow-up (-2.9, 95% CI, -7.4 to 1.0; p = 0.13).The clinical outcome with respect to SSRI/SNRI plasma concentrations, weight change, and change of BDI score were similar in the subgroups undergoing gastric bypass surgery and sleeve gastrectomy, respectively. In the conservative group the plasma concentrations of SSRI/SNRI remained unchanged throughout the 6 months follow-up (-14.7, 95% CI, -32.6 to 1.7; p = 0.076). Conclusion In patients undergoing bariatric surgery plasma concentrations of SSRI/SNRI decrease significantly by about 25% mainly during the first 4 weeks postoperatively with wide individual variation, but without correlation to the severity of depression or weight loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Pasi
- Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zürich, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Dino Kröll
- Division of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alena Siegfried
- Department of Surgery, Division of Visceral Surgery, Cantonal Hospital, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Martin Sykora
- Department of Surgery, Division of Visceral Surgery, Cantonal Hospital, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Alessandro Wildisen
- Department of Surgery, Division of Visceral Surgery, Cantonal Hospital, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Cristiana Milone
- Department of Surgery, Division of Visceral Surgery, Cantonal Hospital, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Gabriella Milos
- Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zürich, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Laura Horka
- Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zürich, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Fischli
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Cantonal Hospital, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Henzen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Cantonal Hospital, Lucerne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Dum R, Walter V, Thomas NJ, Krawiec C. Odds of Cardiometabolic Diseases and Medications in Children With Cerebral Palsy. J Child Neurol 2023; 38:239-246. [PMID: 37016991 DOI: 10.1177/08830738231167534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/OBJECTIVES Individuals with cerebral palsy may be at risk of obesity, but outcomes and risk factors are understudied. The study objectives are to evaluate the frequency of body mass index (BMI) weight categories of individuals with cerebral palsy and the odds of cardiometabolic-specific diseases and medications. We hypothesize subjects with cerebral palsy and an increased body mass index will have higher odds of cardiometabolic specific diseases and medications. METHODS This is a retrospective observational cohort study utilizing TriNetX, an electronic health record database, in subjects with cerebral palsy aged 2-18 years with an available body mass index. The study population was divided into 4 body mass index percentile categories, underweight (<5th body mass index percentile), healthy weight (≥5th to <85th percentile), overweight (≥85th to <95th percentile), and obese (≥95th percentile), and the odds of the following variables were evaluated: diagnostic codes and medication codes. We computed the odds ratio to test for associations between the body mass index categories and the variables of interest. RESULTS A total of 5993 subjects were included: underweight (251, 4.2%), healthy weight (2390, 39.9%), overweight (943, 15.7%), and obese (2409, 40.2%). Obese subjects had a higher odds of asthma, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and sleep apnea when compared to the health weight group. CONCLUSIONS This study found patients with cerebral palsy classified as obese had higher odds of cardiometabolic comorbidity and medication codes that influence weight. Body mass index measurements are limited in this population but may be used cautiously to evaluate the body type of children with cerebral palsy and monitor cardiometabolic-associated comorbidity occurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Dum
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Vonn Walter
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Neal J Thomas
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Penn State Hershey Children's Hospital, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Conrad Krawiec
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Penn State Hershey Children's Hospital, Hershey, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Jaime-Lara RB, Franks AT, Agarwal K, Nawal N, Courville AB, Guo J, Yang S, Brooks BE, Roy A, Taylor K, Darcey VL, LeCheminant JD, Chung S, Forde CG, Hall KD, Joseph PV. No significant salt or sweet taste preference or sensitivity differences following ad libitum consumption of ultra-processed and unprocessed diets: A randomized controlled pilot study. Chem Senses 2023; 48:7075751. [PMID: 36897799 PMCID: PMC10066841 DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjad007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultra-processed food consumption has increased world-wide, yet little is known about the potential links with taste preference and sensitivity. This exploratory study aimed to (i) compare sweet and salty taste detection thresholds and preferences following consumption of ultra-processed and unprocessed diets, (ii) investigate whether sweet and salty taste sensitivity and preference were associated with taste-substrates (i.e. sodium and sugar) and ad libitum nutrient intake, and (iii) examine associations of taste detection thresholds and preferences with blood pressure (BP) and anthropometric measures following consumption of ultra-processed and unprocessed diets. In a randomized crossover study, participants (N=20) received ultra-processed or unprocessed foods for 2 weeks, followed by the alternate diet. Baseline food intake data were collected prior to admission. Taste detection thresholds and preferences were measured at the end of each diet arm. Taste-substrate/nutrient intake, body mass index (BMI), and body weight (BW) were measured daily. No significant differences were observed in participant salt and sweet detection thresholds or preferences after two weeks on ultra-processed or unprocessed diets. There was no significant association between salt and sweet taste detection thresholds, preferences, and nutrient intakes on either diet arm. A positive correlation was observed between salt taste preference and systolic BP (r=0.59; p=0.01), BW (r=0.47, p= 0.04), and BMI (r=0.50; p=0.03) following consumption of the ultra-processed diet. Thus, a two-week consumption of an ultra-processed diet does not appear to acutely impact sweet or salty taste sensitivity or preference..
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosario B Jaime-Lara
- Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research (DICBR), National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism.,Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD., 20892, USA.,University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 20892, USA
| | - Alexis T Franks
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD., 20892, USA
| | - Khushbu Agarwal
- Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research (DICBR), National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism.,Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD., 20892, USA
| | - Nafisa Nawal
- Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research (DICBR), National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism.,Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD., 20892, USA
| | - Amber B Courville
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda , MD., 20892, USA
| | - Juen Guo
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda , MD., 20892, USA
| | - Shanna Yang
- Clinical Center, Nutrition Department, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Brianna E Brooks
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD., 20892, USA
| | - Abhrarup Roy
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD., 20892, USA
| | - Karen Taylor
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD., 20892, USA
| | - Valerie L Darcey
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda , MD., 20892, USA
| | - James D LeCheminant
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Science , Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Stephanie Chung
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda , MD., 20892, USA
| | - Ciarán G Forde
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Science , Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Kevin D Hall
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda , MD., 20892, USA.,Division of Nutrition , Wageningen University & Research. Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Paule V Joseph
- Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research (DICBR), National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism.,Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD., 20892, USA
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Russo A, Mulić R, Kolčić I, Maleš M, Jerončić Tomić I, Pezelj L. Longitudinal Study on the Effect of Onboard Service on Seafarers' Health Statuses. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:4497. [PMID: 36901506 PMCID: PMC10002301 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Seafaring is considered one of the most stressful professions. Stressors in seafaring lead to typical symptoms of stress, such as insomnia, loss of concentration, anxiety, lower tolerance of frustration, changes in eating habits, psychosomatic symptoms and diseases, and overall reduced productivity, with the possibility of burnout and chronic responsibility syndrome. It has been previously determined that seafarers belong to high-risk occupations in terms of developing metabolic syndrome, and according to their BMIs, almost 50% of all seafarers belong to the overweight and obesity categories. This is the first longitudinal study conducted with the aim of using the BIA method to determine the anthropometrical changes that occur during several weeks of continuous onboard service. This study included an observed group consisting of 63 professional seafarers with 8 to 12 weeks of continuous onboard service and a control group of 36 respondents from unrelated occupations. It was determined that Croatian seafarers fit into the current world trends regarding overweight and obesity among the seafaring population, with the following percentages in the BMI categories: underweight, 0%; normal weight, 42.86%; overweight, 39.68%; and obesity, 17.46%. It was established that the anthropometric statuses of the seafarers significantly changed during several weeks of continuous onboard service. Seafarers who served on board for 11 weeks lost 0.41 kg of muscle mass, whereas their total fat mass increased by 1.93 kg. Changes in anthropometric parameters could indicate deterioration of seafarers' health statuses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Russo
- Faculty of Maritime Studies, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 37, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Rosanda Mulić
- Faculty of Maritime Studies, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 37, 21000 Split, Croatia
- School of Medicine, University of Split, Šoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Ivana Kolčić
- School of Medicine, University of Split, Šoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Matko Maleš
- Faculty of Maritime Studies, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 37, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | | | - Luka Pezelj
- Faculty of Maritime Studies, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 37, 21000 Split, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Kim JH, Bost KK. Self-regulation linking the quality of early parent-child relationship to adolescents' obesity risk and food consumption. Pediatr Obes 2023; 18:e12993. [PMID: 36479850 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The quality of parent-child relationships has been examined as a contributor to children's healthy behaviours and weight outcomes, but the mechanisms accounting for associations remain understudied. OBJECTIVE This study examined whether the quality of early parent-child relationship is associated with adolescent obesity risk and whether self-regulation and (un)healthful food consumption mediate these associations. METHODS Employing structural equation modelling, two theory-driven models were examined using a large sample (N = 1237) drawn from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development. Indicators of the quality of parent-child relationship included assessments of child attachment security and observational assessments of maternal sensitivity (15, 24, and 36 months). Self-regulation at 54 months was assessed using behavioural and computerized tasks and, at ages 11-12 and 15 years, using parental ratings of self-control. Food consumption was self-reported at age 11-12. Height and weight measures in early/middle childhood and adolescence were used to compute BMI z-scores. RESULTS No direct associations between the quality of parent-child relationship and adolescent obesity risk were found in either model. Instead, child self-regulation was found to mediate the associations between the quality of parent-child relationship and both unhealthy food consumption and higher adolescent BMI status. CONCLUSION The findings highlight how the nature of parent-child relationships impacts developing regulatory processes in children which, in turn, have implications for obesity-related behaviours and outcomes. Interventions to reduce childhood obesity should consider self-regulation skills across multiple domains, and early parenting practices that foster these capacities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joo Hyun Kim
- Institute of Health Policy and Management, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kelly K Bost
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Kafyra M, Kalafati IP, Dimitriou M, Grigoriou E, Kokkinos A, Rallidis L, Kolovou G, Trovas G, Marouli E, Deloukas P, Moulos P, Dedoussis GV. Robust Bioinformatics Approaches Result in the First Polygenic Risk Score for BMI in Greek Adults. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13020327. [PMID: 36836561 PMCID: PMC9960517 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13020327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantifying the role of genetics via construction of polygenic risk scores (PRSs) is deemed a resourceful tool to enable and promote effective obesity prevention strategies. The present paper proposes a novel methodology for PRS extraction and presents the first PRS for body mass index (BMI) in a Greek population. A novel pipeline for PRS derivation was used to analyze genetic data from a unified database of three cohorts of Greek adults. The pipeline spans various steps of the process, from iterative dataset splitting to training and test partitions, calculation of summary statistics and PRS extraction, up to PRS aggregation and stabilization, achieving higher evaluation metrics. Using data from 2185 participants, implementation of the pipeline enabled consecutive repetitions in splitting training and testing samples and resulted in a 343-single nucleotide polymorphism PRS yielding an R2 = 0.3241 (beta = 1.011, p-value = 4 × 10-193) for BMI. PRS-included variants displayed a variety of associations with known traits (i.e., blood cell count, gut microbiome, lifestyle parameters). The proposed methodology led to creation of the first-ever PRS for BMI in Greek adults and aims at promoting a facilitating approach to reliable PRS development and integration in healthcare practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kafyra
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioanna Panagiota Kalafati
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Physical Education, Sport Science and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 42132 Trikala, Greece
| | - Maria Dimitriou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece
- Department of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, School of Health Science, University of the Peloponnese, Antikalamos, 24100 Kalamata, Greece
| | - Effimia Grigoriou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece
| | - Alexandros Kokkinos
- First Department of Propaedeutic and Internal Medicine, Laiko General Hospital, Athens University Medical School, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Loukianos Rallidis
- Second Department of Cardiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - Genovefa Kolovou
- Cardiometabolic Center, Metropolitan Hospital, 18547 Piraeus, Greece
| | - Georgios Trovas
- Laboratory for the Research of Musculoskeletal System “Th. Garofalidis”, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, KAT General Hospital, Athinas 10th Str., 14561 Athens, Greece
| | - Eirini Marouli
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Panos Deloukas
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Panagiotis Moulos
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Biomedical Sciences Research Center ‘Alexander Fleming’, 16672 Vari, Greece
- Correspondence:
| | - George V. Dedoussis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece
- Genome Analysis, 17671 Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|