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Mechling B, Ali Muhammad Ali Charania N, Paun O, Lewin L, Bostrom A, Mumba M, Niitsu K, Ahern N. Research Priorities in Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing: Funding Availability, Recently Published Work, and Future Directions for Advancing Our Science. J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc 2024; 30:210-220. [PMID: 36171692 DOI: 10.1177/10783903221124160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying and sharing psychiatric mental health (PMH) research priorities can help identify gaps in the literature, determine training needs for nurses, and assist investigators in locating funding. AIMS The aims for this project included: (1) identify PMH nursing specialty research priorities from large, public funding entities; (2) compare the identified research priorities and scholarly articles published in 2020; and (3) outline future directions for advancing the science of PMH nursing. METHODS Strategic plans of funding entities for PMH research were reviewed for research priorities. Summarized priorities were then compared with publications from peer-reviewed PMH nursing journals. Work conducted in the United States was extracted and categorized as original research, evidence-based practice (EBP), or quality improvement (QI), then design and population. RESULTS Priorities from 13 funding entities comprised three domains (education, research, and practice), with nine areas, 30 topics, and subtopics. Eight journals produced 432 articles with 99 (23%) conducted in the United States. Among these journals, publications fitting research priorities ranged from 1 to 33 articles. Of the 99 articles, 85% were original research and 15% were either EBP or QI. Descriptive articles comprised 64% and 23% tested interventions. Populations studied included workforce; adults; infants, children, and adolescents; and parents. CONCLUSIONS All published articles by the U.S. PMH nurses matched the funding priorities, but not all funding priorities were addressed by 2020 publications. The majority of work was conducted outside of the United States and most published from the United States was descriptive, contrary to many United States funders' priorities for interventional research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandy Mechling
- Brandy Mechling, PhD, RN, PMHCNS-BC, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC, USA
| | | | - Olimpia Paun
- Olimpia Paun, PhD, RN, PMHCNS-BC, FGSA, Rush University College of Nursing, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Linda Lewin
- Linda Lewin, PhD, RN, PMHCNS-BC, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Andrea Bostrom
- Andrea Bostrom, PhD, PMHCNS-BC, Grand Valley State University, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
| | - Mercy Mumba
- Mercy Mumba, PhD, RN, CMSRN, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Ko Niitsu
- Ko Niitsu, PhD, ARNP, PMHNP-BC, University of Washington Bothell, Bothell, WA, USA
| | - Nancy Ahern
- Nancy Ahern, PhD, RN, FNAP, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC, USA
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Fisher RS, Dattilo TM, DeLone AM, Basile NL, Kenney AE, Hill KN, Chang HF, Gerhardt CA, Mullins LL. The study of psychosocial outcomes of parents bereaved by pediatric illness: a scoping review of methodology and sample composition. J Pediatr Psychol 2024; 49:207-223. [PMID: 38423530 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsae008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Parents of children who died of a medical condition experience a range of psychosocial outcomes. The current scoping review aims to summarize the outcomes assessed, methodology, and sample characteristics of recent psychosocial research conducted with this population. METHODS Included studies were limited to peer-reviewed, psychosocial outcomes research published between August 2011 and August 2022, written in English, and including caregiver study participants of children who died of a medical condition. Data sources were scholarly journal articles from 9 electronic databases, including Scopus, Web of Science, Academic Search Primer, ProQuest Research Library, PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, Psychology & Behavioral Sciences Collection, and Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool-2018 evaluated methodological quality. RESULTS The study sample included 106 studies, most of which were either qualitative (60%) or quantitative (29%). Mixed-methods studies (8%) and randomized clinical trials (2%) were also identified. Study quality was variable, but most studies met all quality criteria (73%). Studies primarily represented cancer populations (58%), White participants (71%), and mothers (66%). Risk-based psychosocial outcomes (e.g., grief) were more commonly assessed than resilience-based outcomes. CONCLUSIONS The current scoping review revealed that recent research assessing the psychosocial outcomes of bereaved parents is limited in the representation of diverse populations, primarily qualitative, of broadly strong methodological quality, and oriented to psychosocial risk. To enhance the state of the science and inform evidence-based psychosocial services, future research should consider varied methodologies to comprehensively assess processes of risk and resilience with demographically and medically diverse populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel S Fisher
- Department of Psychology, Center for Pediatric Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
| | - Taylor M Dattilo
- Department of Psychology, Center for Pediatric Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
| | - Alexandra M DeLone
- Department of Psychology, Center for Pediatric Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
| | - Nathan L Basile
- Department of Psychology, Center for Pediatric Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
| | - Ansley E Kenney
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Kylie N Hill
- Center for Biobehavioral Health, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Hui-Fen Chang
- William E. Brock Memorial Library, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
| | - Cynthia A Gerhardt
- Center for Biobehavioral Health, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Larry L Mullins
- Department of Psychology, Center for Pediatric Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
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Cosco TD, Best JR, Hopper S. On prospective resilience methods and precision medicine approaches. Int Psychogeriatr 2023:1-2. [PMID: 37994539 DOI: 10.1017/s1041610223000972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Theodore D Cosco
- School of Public Policy, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Gerontology, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Oxford Institute of Population Ageing, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - John R Best
- Department of Gerontology, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Shawna Hopper
- Department of Gerontology, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Gabel M, Bollinger RM, Knox M, Coble DW, Grill JD, Edwards DF, Stark SL, Lingler JH. Perceptions of Research Burden and Retention Among Participants in ADRC Cohorts. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 2022; 36:281-287. [PMID: 35796752 PMCID: PMC9712497 DOI: 10.1097/wad.0000000000000514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Alzheimer disease (AD) and related dementias clinical research is associated with significant participant burden. The Perceived Research Burden Assessment (PeRBA) measures participants' perceptions of logistical, psychological, and physical burdens. The purpose of this study was to assess PeRBA's psychometric properties, perceptual sources, and behavioral consequences with participants in a multisite study of participant retention in longitudinal cohort studies of Alzheimer disease and related dementias. DESIGN Multicenter mixed methods. SETTING In-person or phone. PARTICIPANTS A total of 443 participants at 4 NIA-funded Alzheimer Disease Research Centers (ADRCs) were randomly selected and invited to participate if they were 45 years of age or more, enrolled in longitudinal studies, and had a Clinical Dementia Rating Scale global score ≤1. MEASUREMENTS Participants completed a 20-minute survey including the 21-item PeRBA about their research participation. RESULTS PeRBA demonstrated high-internal consistency and convergent validity. PeRBA scores correlated with expected perceptual factors. Higher PeRBA scores were associated with lower attendance and higher dropout rates. CONCLUSIONS PeRBA can be used by researchers to identify participants who may feel overburdened and tailor approaches and strategies to support participants in longitudinal AD studies, maximizing participation, and reducing dropout. Making efforts to increase participants' understanding of study procedures, and building and maintaining trust throughout the study, can contribute to reducing perceived burden and potentially increasing retention in longitudinal AD studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Gabel
- Department of Political Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Melissa Knox
- University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- University of Pittsburgh Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Dean W. Coble
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Joshua D. Grill
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, Departments of Psychiatry & Human Behavior and Neurobiology & Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Dorothy F. Edwards
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Susan L. Stark
- Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jennifer H. Lingler
- University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- University of Pittsburgh Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Cella D, Blackwell CK, Wakschlag LS. Bringing PROMIS to Early Childhood: Introduction and Qualitative Methods for the Development of Early Childhood Parent Report Instruments. J Pediatr Psychol 2022; 47:500-509. [PMID: 35552430 PMCID: PMC9113302 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsac027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Provide an overview of the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS®) Early Childhood Parent Report measurement development project and describe its qualitative methods. METHODS The PROMIS Early Childhood (PROMIS EC) initiative used the PROMIS mixed-methods approach to patient-reported outcome development, with insight from the developmental specification framework to create parent report measures appropriate for assessing young children's health-related quality of life. Qualitative methods to develop these instruments included expert input, literature and measure review, and parent concept elicitation and cognitive interviews to confirm the measure frameworks, item understandability, and developmental appropriateness. RESULTS Twelve measures resulted from the PROMIS EC initiative. These parent report instruments cover young children's physical, mental, and social health. CONCLUSIONS The new PROMIS EC Parent Report instruments offer clinicians and researchers brief and psychometrically robust tools to evaluate young children's physical, mental, and social health outcomes. Aligned with the PROMIS Pediatric instruments, the early childhood versions enable coherent lifespan measurement starting at age 1 while maintaining developmental sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Cella
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences (DevSci), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, USA
| | - Courtney K Blackwell
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences (DevSci), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, USA
| | - Lauren S Wakschlag
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences (DevSci), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, USA
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Lai JS, Kallen MA, Blackwell CK, Wakschlag LS, Cella D. Psychometric Considerations in Developing PROMIS® Measures for Early Childhood. J Pediatr Psychol 2022; 47:510-522. [PMID: 35552436 PMCID: PMC9113367 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsac025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The early expression of lifespan health and disease states can often be detected in early childhood. Currently, the Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS®) includes over 300 measures of health for individuals ages 5 years and older. We extended PROMIS to early childhood by creating developmentally appropriate, lifespan coherent parent-report measures for 1-5-year-olds. This paper describes the psychometric approaches used for these efforts. METHODS 2 waves of data from parents of children ages 1-5 were collected via 2 internet panel companies. Wave 1 data (n = 1,400) were used to evaluate item pool unidimensionality, model fit, and initial item parameters. Combined data from wave 1 and wave 2 (reference sample; n = 1,057) were used to estimate final item parameters. Using item response theory methods, we developed and tested 12 item pools: Global Health, Physical Activity, Sleep Disturbance, Sleep-related Impairment, Anger/Irritability, Anxiety, Depressive Symptoms, Positive Affect, Self-Regulation, Engagement, Family Relationships, and Peer Relationships. RESULTS Wave 1 analyses supported the unidimensionality of Physical Activity, Positive Affect, Anger/Irritability, Anxiety, Depressive Symptoms, and Global Health. Family Relationships and Peer Relationships were combined to form "Social Relationships"; Sleep Disturbance and Sleep-related Impairment were combined to form "Sleep Problems." Self-Regulation was divided into "Flexibility" and "Frustration Tolerance"; Engagement was divided into "Curiosity" and "Persistence." Short forms were developed for item banks with more than 10 items; and. CONCLUSIONS Using rigorous mixed-methods, we successfully extended PROMIS to early childhood (1-5-year-olds). Measures are now publicly available in English and Spanish (www.healthmeasures.net).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Shei Lai
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences (DevSci), USA
| | - Michael A Kallen
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences (DevSci), USA
| | - Courtney K Blackwell
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences (DevSci), USA
| | - Lauren S Wakschlag
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences (DevSci), USA
| | - David Cella
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences (DevSci), USA
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Murray AL, Speyer LG, Hall HA, Valdebenito S, Hughes C. Teacher Versus Parent Informant Measurement Invariance of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. J Pediatr Psychol 2021; 46:1249-1257. [PMID: 34333621 PMCID: PMC8561254 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsab062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Obtaining a multi-informant perspective is important when assessing mental health issues in childhood and adolescence. Obtaining ratings from both parents and teachers also facilitates the evaluation of similarities and contrasts in the nature and severity of symptoms across home and school contexts. However, these informants may differ in their interpretations of observed behaviors, raising questions about the validity of comparing parents’ and teachers’ ratings. Methods We evaluated the cross-informant measurement invariance of one of the most widely used measures of child and adolescent mental health: The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Using data from the UK-population representative Millennium Cohort Study, we evaluated configural, metric, and scalar measurement invariance across parents and teachers when children were aged 7 (N = 10,221) and 11 (N = 10,543). Results Scalar measurement invariance held at both ages. Parents reported higher levels of symptoms in all domains measured at both ages as well as higher prosociality. Conclusions For a UK sample, valid comparisons of parent and teacher SDQ ratings at ages 7 and 11 appear to be possible, facilitating the evaluation of contextual differences in child mental health problems. Further, parents report more problem and prosocial behavior in their children than teachers attribute to them.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Claire Hughes
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Family Research, University of Cambridge
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Ellis DA, Rhind J, Carcone AI, Evans M, Weissberg-Benchell J, Buggs-Saxton C, Boucher-Berry C, Miller JL, Al Wazeer M, Drossos T, Dekelbab B. Optimizing Recruitment of Black Adolescents into Behavioral Research: A Multi-Center Study. J Pediatr Psychol 2021; 46:611-620. [PMID: 33570144 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsab008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Adolescents of color are underrepresented in behavioral health research. Study aims were to quantify the amount and types of outreach effort needed to recruit young Black adolescents with type 1 diabetes and their primary caregiver into a clinical trial evaluating a parenting intervention and to determine if degree of recruitment difficulty was related to demographic, diabetes-related, or family characteristics. METHODS Data were drawn from a multi-center clinical trial. Participants (N = 155) were recruited from seven pediatric diabetes clinics. Contact log data were used to quantify both number/type of contacts prior to study enrollment as well as length of time to enrollment. Families were coded as having expedited recruitment (ER) or prolonged recruitment (PR). Baseline study data were used to compare ER and PR families on sociodemographic factors, adolescent diabetes management and health status and family characteristics such as household organization and family conflict. RESULTS Mean length of time to recruit was 6.6 months and mean number of recruitment contacts was 10.3. Thirty-nine percent of the sample were characterized as PR. These families required even higher levels of effort (mean of 9.9 months to recruit and 15.4 contacts). There were no significant between-group differences on any baseline variable for ER and PR families, with the exception of family income. CONCLUSIONS Researchers need to make persistent efforts in order to successfully enroll adolescents of color and their caregivers into clinical trials. Social determinants of health such as family resources may differentiate families with prolonged recruitment within such samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah A Ellis
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine
| | - Jillian Rhind
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine
| | - April Idalski Carcone
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine
| | - Meredyth Evans
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital and Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine
| | - Jill Weissberg-Benchell
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital and Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine
| | | | - Claudia Boucher-Berry
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Illinois Medical Center at Chicago
| | - Jennifer L Miller
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ann and Robert Lurie Children's Hospital
| | | | - Tina Drossos
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, University of Chicago Medicine
| | - Bassem Dekelbab
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Beaumont Children's Hospital
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Feldman ECH, Durkin LK, Bugno L, Balistreri KA, Davies WH, Miller SA, Greenley RN. Communication About Medication by Providers-Adolescent and Young Adult Version: Confirmatory Factor Analyses. J Pediatr Psychol 2021; 46:599-608. [PMID: 33706372 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsab009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To replicate the factor structure of a patient-report measure of provider communication about key medication prescription information, the Communication about Medication by Providers-Adolescent and Young Adult (CAMP-AYA) Version. We evaluated whether the 15-item, two-factor structure identified previously could be replicated via confirmatory factor analysis, and we also examined fit of unidimensional and bifactor models. Associations of CAMP-AYA Total and Factor Scores with provider satisfaction and select patient and medication characteristics were also examined. METHODS Participants were 739 AYA (ages 18-25) who completed the CAMP-AYA, a provider satisfaction rating, and provided demographic and medication information. RESULTS The bifactor model was best fitting (χ2 [75] = 689.60, p < .0001; root mean squared error of approximation = 0.11, 90% CI [0.10, 0.11]; Comparative Fit Index = 0.98; Tucker-Lewis Index = 0.98; Standardized Root Mean Square Residual Index = 0.02). Internal consistency reliabilities for Total and Factor Scores were high (αs > .89) and Total and Factor Scores were associated with provider satisfaction (ps < .001). CAMP-AYA scores varied as a function of type of prescription (short vs. long term; new vs. refill), with higher scores reported in the context of long term (>30-day course) or refilled prescriptions (ps < .007) in most cases. CONCLUSIONS This study provides additional support for the reliability of the CAMP-AYA as a tool to assess AYA perceptions of provider key information coverage about medication prescriptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estée C H Feldman
- Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science
| | - Lindsay K Durkin
- Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science
| | - Lindsey Bugno
- Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science
| | | | | | - Steven A Miller
- Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science
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Csipke E, Moniz-Cook E, Leung P, Yates L, Birt L, Walton H, Hogervorst E, Mountain G, Charlesworth G, Orrell M. Feasibility and acceptability evaluation of the Promoting Independence in Dementia (PRIDE) intervention for living well with dementia. Int Psychogeriatr 2021; 33:601-14. [PMID: 32847643 DOI: 10.1017/S1041610220001386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Post-diagnostic psychosocial interventions could play an important role in supporting people with mild dementia remain independent. The Promoting Independence in Dementia (PRIDE) intervention was developed to address this. METHOD The mixed methods non-randomized, pre-post feasibility study occurred across England. Facilitators were recruited from the voluntary sector and memory services. Participants and their supporters took part in the three-session intervention. Outcome measures were collected at baseline and follow-up. To evaluate acceptability, focus groups and interviews were conducted with a subsample of participants and facilitators. RESULTS Contextual challenges to delivery including national research governance changes, affected recruitment of study sites. Thirty-four dyads consented, with 14 facilitators providing the intervention. Dyads took part in at least two sessions (79%), and 73% in all three. Outcome measures were completed by 79% without difficulty, with minimal missing data. No significant changes were found on pre and post assessments. Post hoc analysis found moderate effect size improvements for self-management (SMAS instrument) in people with dementia (d = 0.41) and quality of life (EQ5D measure) in carers (d = 0.40). Qualitative data indicated that dyads found PRIDE acceptable, as did intervention facilitators. CONCLUSIONS The three-session intervention was well accepted by participant-dyads and intervention facilitators. A randomized controlled trial of PRIDE would need to carefully consider recruitment potential across geographically varied settings and site stratification according to knowledge of contextual factors, such as the diversity of post-diagnostic services across the country. Letting sites themselves be responsible for identifying suitable intervention facilitators was successful. The self-report measures showed potential to be included in the main trial.
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Tomatsu SC, Stanley C, Conroy R, Alderfer MA. Method Matters: Comparing Cancer-Related Adjustment of Siblings to Norms and Well-matched Peers. J Pediatr Psychol 2021; 46:324-331. [PMID: 33355333 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsaa110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to better understand conflicting findings in the literature regarding the adjustment of siblings of children with cancer by examining, in a single sample, differences in patterns of results as a function of reporter and comparator used (i.e., population norms, demographically matched classmates). METHOD Self- and parent-report standardized measures of depression, anxiety, and behavioral problems were collected for 67 siblings and 67 demographically matched classmates. Comparisons were made to norms and controls. RESULTS Siblings consistently demonstrated poorer psychosocial functioning than their demographically matched peers across all measures but their scores did not differ from norms. A significantly greater percentage of siblings fell outside the normal range than that expected in the general population for parent-reported total and internalizing problems, but not for externalizing problems or the self-report measures. CONCLUSIONS Findings regarding the psychological adjustment of siblings of children with cancer differ according to the research methods used. It is important to use rigorous methods such as demographically matched peer comparisons when investigating the impact of childhood cancer on siblings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saori C Tomatsu
- Nemours Children's Health System/A.I. duPont Hospital for Children.,University of Delaware
| | | | | | - Melissa A Alderfer
- Nemours Children's Health System/A.I. duPont Hospital for Children.,Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University
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Tesson S, Swinsburg D, Kasparian NA. Maintaining Momentum in Infant Mental Health Research During COVID-19: Adapting Observational Assessments. J Pediatr Psychol 2021; 46:254-263. [PMID: 33738487 PMCID: PMC7989424 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsab020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the potential effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the developing parent-infant relationship is a priority, especially for medically-fragile infants and their caregivers who face distinct challenges and stressors. Observational assessments can provide important insights into parent-child behaviors and relational risk; however, stay-at-home directives and physical distancing measures associated with COVID-19 have significantly limited opportunities for in-person observational parent-infant assessment. To maintain momentum in our research program during the pandemic, we rapidly pivoted to remote, technology-assisted parent-infant observational assessments. In this commentary, we offer a series of strategies and recommendations to assist researchers in adapting observational parent-infant paradigms. We also discuss the benefits, challenges, and limitations of distance-delivered assessments, and offer considerations for clinical service provision and future research during and post the COVID-19 pandemic. .
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Tesson
- Heart Centre for Children, The Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network
- School of Psychology, The University of Sydney
| | - Dianne Swinsburg
- Heart Centre for Children, The Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network
- Discipline of Paediatrics, School of Women’s and Children’s Health, UNSW Medicine, The University of New South Wales
| | - Nadine A Kasparian
- Heart Centre for Children, The Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network
- Cincinnati Children’s Center for Heart Disease and Mental Health, Heart Institute and the Division of Behavioral Medicine & Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
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Mara CA, Carle AC. Understanding Variation in Longitudinal Data Using Latent Growth Mixture Modeling. J Pediatr Psychol 2021; 46:179-188. [PMID: 33609037 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsab010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This article guides researchers through the process of specifying, troubleshooting, evaluating, and interpreting latent growth mixture models. METHODS Latent growth mixture models are conducted with small example dataset of N = 117 pediatric patients using Mplus software. RESULTS The example and data show how to select a solution, here a 3-class solution. We also present information on two methods for incorporating covariates into these models. CONCLUSIONS Many studies in pediatric psychology seek to understand how an outcome changes over time. Mixed models or latent growth models estimate a single average trajectory estimate and an overall estimate of the individual variability, but this may mask other patterns of change shared by some participants. Unexplored variation in longitudinal data means that researchers can miss critical information about the trajectories of subgroups of individuals that could have important clinical implications about how one assess, treats, and manages subsets of individuals. Latent growth mixture modeling is a method for uncovering subgroups (or "classes") of individuals with shared trajectories that differ from the average trajectory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constance A Mara
- Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
| | - Adam C Carle
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine.,James M. Anderson Center for Health Systems Excellence, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center.,Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati College of Arts and Sciences
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Stepankova Georgi H, Horakova Vlckova K, Lukavsky J, Kopecek M, Bares M. Beck Depression Inventory-II: Self-report or interview-based administrations show different results in older persons. Int Psychogeriatr 2019; 31:735-42. [PMID: 30298795 DOI: 10.1017/S1041610218001187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED ABSTRACTBeck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) is one of the most-used rating scales. It was developed as a tool administered either as a self-rating or interview-based, observer-rating scale. OBJECTIVE The goal of this study is to compare BDI-II scores obtained with two standard methods of administration in community-based older persons. METHODS BDI-II was administered at first in the self-rated version to a sample of 60 mentally healthy older persons (age 60-87 years). Afterward, the interview-based administration was performed. ANALYSES We compared the scores with nonparametric tests - Spearman's correlation coefficient and Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test. We also computed internal consistency. RESULTS Self-rated BDI-II yielded significantly higher total score than interview (p < 0.001, P = 88%). The correlation between total scores was moderate (rs = 0.46, p < 0.001). Item analysis revealed a larger decrease (lower scores) in the somatic items in the interview-based version. CONCLUSIONS The two methods of administration result in different total score in healthy older persons. Therefore, interpretation of the scores should reflect the administration, which should be always specified in the studies.
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Deutsch MB, Liang LJ, Jimenez EE, Mather MJ, Mendez MF. Are we comparing frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer disease patients with the right measures? Int Psychogeriatr 2016; 28:1481-5. [PMID: 27079571 DOI: 10.1017/S1041610216000582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical research studies of behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) often use Alzheimer disease (AD) as a comparison group for control of dementia variables, using tests of cognitive function to match the groups. These two dementia syndromes, however, are very different in clinical manifestations, and the comparable severity of these dementias may not be reflected by commonly used cognitive scales such as the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). METHODS We evaluated different measures of dementia severity and symptoms among 20 people with bvFTD compared to 24 with early-onset AD. RESULTS Despite similar ages, disease-duration, education, and cognitive performance on two tests of cognitive function, the MMSE and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), the bvFTD participants, compared to the AD participants, were significantly more impaired on other measures of disease severity, including function (Functional Assessment Questionnaire (FAQ)), neuropsychiatric symptoms (Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI)), and global dementia stage (Clinical Dementia Rating Scales (CDRs)). However, when we adjusted for the frontotemporal lobar degeneration-CDR (FTLD-CDR) in the analyses, the two dementia groups were comparable across all measures despite significant differences on the cognitive scales. CONCLUSION We found tests of cognitive functions (MMSE and MoCA) to be insufficient measures for ensuring comparability between bvFTD and AD groups. In clinical studies, the FTLD-CDR, which includes additional language and behavior items, may be a better overall way to match bvFTD and AD groups on dementia severity.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical research is required to develop and evaluate suicide prevention interventions in the elderly. However, there is insufficient information available about how to best recruit suicidal older adults for such research. This study evaluated the success and efficiency of five recruitment strategies for a clinical trial on the efficacy of cognitive therapy for suicidal older men. METHODS For each strategy, the numbers of individuals approached, screened, and enrolled were calculated, and the expenses and time associated with each enrollment estimated. Men who were 60 years or older and who had a desire for suicide over the past month were eligible for the trial. RESULTS Of 955 individuals considered for trial, 33 were enrolled. Most enrollments were sourced from the Veterans Affairs Behavioral Health Laboratory. Recruiting form this source was also the most time and cost efficient recruitment strategy in the study. CONCLUSIONS Recruitment strategies are effective when they are based on collaborative relationships between researchers and providers, and utilize an existing infrastructure for involving patients in ongoing research opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil S Bhar
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
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Henderson EM, Law EF, Palermo TM, Eccleston C. Case study: ethical guidance for pediatric e-health research using examples from pain research with adolescents. J Pediatr Psychol 2012; 37:1116-26. [PMID: 22851643 PMCID: PMC3529561 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jss085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2012] [Revised: 05/30/2012] [Accepted: 06/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Internet is a frequently used platform for research in pediatric and health psychology. However, there is little pragmatic guidance as to ethical best practice of this research. The absence of guidance is particularly prominent for online research with children. Our objective is to outline ethical issues in e-health research with children and adolescents using two exemplar studies in pediatric pain research. METHODS The first study is an asynchronous message board discussion amongst teenagers with pain who are frequent internet users.The second study is a web-based behavioral intervention for the management of adolescent pain. RESULTS Each exemplar study is discussed in the context of specific ethical considerations related to recruitment, informed consent and debriefing, privacy and confidentiality, and participant safety. Ethical issues regarding the evaluation of online psychological interventions are also discussed. CONCLUSIONS Guidance on optimal ethical practice in e-health research is summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen M. Henderson
- Centre for Pain Research, The University of Bath, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, and University of Washington School of Medicine
| | - Emily F. Law
- Centre for Pain Research, The University of Bath, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, and University of Washington School of Medicine
| | - Tonya M. Palermo
- Centre for Pain Research, The University of Bath, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, and University of Washington School of Medicine
| | - Christopher Eccleston
- Centre for Pain Research, The University of Bath, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, and University of Washington School of Medicine
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Abstract
Few methods are available to explore the impact of neurocognition in schizophrenia on behaviors performed in usual contexts. The authors developed a video ethnography approach to examine the relationship between naturalistic behaviors and research constructs of neurocognition. Video ethnographers accompanied subjects through usual routines gathering continuous video data. Researchers developed codes to measure four behavioral domains observed on video. This paper describes the psychometric characteristics to be considered in the development of observational approaches. It also highlights differences between behaviors performed in usual environments and neuropsychological constructs. The authors demonstrate that everyday behaviors that have been shown to correspond to neurocognitive skills in a pilot feasibility study can be identified and rated. They further suggest that observational methods could provide novel strategies for linking research findings and clinical concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Bromley
- Center for Health Services and Society, UCLA Semel Institute, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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