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Xu F, Yang T, Yu J, Wu Y. Simple and rapid determination of triclabendazole and its metabolites in bovine and goat muscle tissue. Biomed Chromatogr 2024; 38:e5772. [PMID: 37942580 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Triclabendazole (TCB) is widely used for prevention and treatment of parasitic infections in animals. Improper use can result in drug residues in animal tissues and cause health problems to humans through consumption. A simple and reliable analytical method for the determination of TCB and its metabolites in bovine and goat muscle using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was developed and validated. Analytes were extracted using acetonitrile and purified using enhanced matrix removal cartridge. Chromatographic separation was carried out on a BEH Shield RP18 column. The analytes were detected in positive-mode electrospray ionization mass spectrometry using multiple reaction monitoring. Average recoveries of 96.1%-105.6% with coefficients of variation of 1.9%-8.4% were obtained at fortification levels of 0.5, 2.5, 25, and 50 μg/kg for TCB and 5.0, 25, 250, and 500 μg/kg for its metabolites (triclabendazole sulfoxide, triclabendazole sulfone, and keto-TCB). A good linear regression was obtained with the mixed standard solutions in the range of 0.05-20 μg/L for TCB and 0.5-200 μg/L for its metabolites. The limit of quantification and limit of detection ranged from 0.05 to 0.75 μg/kg and from 0.1 to 1.5 μg/kg, respectively. Moreover, this method was successfully applied to 33 real samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xu
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Testing and Control for Characteristic Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Ningbo, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Testing and Control for Characteristic Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Ningbo, China
| | - Jiayong Yu
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Testing and Control for Characteristic Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Ningbo, China
| | - Yinliang Wu
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Testing and Control for Characteristic Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Ningbo, China
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Miranda-Miranda E, Cossío-Bayúgar R, Trejo-Castro L, Aguilar-Díaz H. Single Amino Acid Polymorphisms in the Fasciola hepatica Carboxylesterase Type B Gene and Their Potential Role in Anthelmintic Resistance. Pathogens 2023; 12:1255. [PMID: 37887771 PMCID: PMC10610349 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12101255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression of the Fasciola hepatica carboxylesterase type B (CestB) gene is known to be induced upon exposure to the anthelmintic triclabendazole (TCBZ), leading to a substantial rise in enzyme-specific activity. Furthermore, the nucleotide sequence of the CestB gene displays variations that can potentially result in radical amino acid substitutions at the ligand binding site. These substitutions hold the potential to impact both the ligand-protein interaction and the catalytic properties of the enzyme. Thus, the objective of our study was to identify novel CestB polymorphisms in TCBZ-resistant parasites and field isolates obtained from a highly endemic region in Central Mexico. Additionally, we aimed to assess these amino acid polymorphisms using 3D modeling against the metabolically oxidized form of the anthelmintic TCBZSOX. Our goal was to observe the formation of TCBZSOX-specific binding pockets that might provide insights into the role of CestB in the mechanism of anthelmintic resistance. We identified polymorphisms in TCBZ-resistant parasites that exhibited three radical amino acid substitutions at positions 147, 215, and 263. These substitutions resulted in the formation of a TCBZSOX-affinity pocket with the potential to bind the anthelmintic drug. Furthermore, our 3D modeling analysis revealed that these amino acid substitutions also influenced the configuration of the CestB catalytic site, leading to alterations in the enzyme's interaction with chromogenic carboxylic ester substrates and potentially affecting its catalytic properties. However, it is important to note that the TCBZSOX-binding pocket, while significant for drug binding, was located separate from the enzyme's catalytic site, rendering enzymatic hydrolysis of TCBZSOX impossible. Nonetheless, the observed increased affinity for the anthelmintic may provide an explanation for a drug sequestration type of anthelmintic resistance. These findings lay the groundwork for the future development of a molecular diagnostic tool to identify anthelmintic resistance in F. hepatica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefan Miranda-Miranda
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP), Boulevard Cuauhnahuac No. 8534, Jiutepec 62550, Morelos, Mexico;
| | - Raquel Cossío-Bayúgar
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP), Boulevard Cuauhnahuac No. 8534, Jiutepec 62550, Morelos, Mexico;
| | - Lauro Trejo-Castro
- Centro Nacional de Servicios de Constatación en Salud Animal SENASICA-SADER, Boulevard Cuauhnahuac No. 8534, Jiutepec 62550, Morelos, Mexico;
| | - Hugo Aguilar-Díaz
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP), Boulevard Cuauhnahuac No. 8534, Jiutepec 62550, Morelos, Mexico;
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Huang L, Li F, Su H, Luo J, Gu W. Emerging Human Fascioliasis: A Retrospective Study of Epidemiological Findings in Dali, Yunnan Province, China (2012-2021). Med Sci Monit 2023; 29:e940581. [PMID: 37779277 PMCID: PMC10557530 DOI: 10.12659/msm.940581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human fascioliasis is an emerging zoonotic disease caused by the trematodes, or flatworms, Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica, also known as liver flukes. This retrospective study aimed to report the epidemiological findings in 95 cases of human fascioliasis in Dali, Yunnan Province, southwestern China, diagnosed between 2012 and 2021. MATERIAL AND METHODS The epidemiologic and clinical data of 95 patients diagnosed with human fascioliasis in Dali area from January 2012 to December 2021 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. The diagnosis of fascioliasis was based on the Chinese National Standard of Diagnosis of Fascioliasis (WS/T566-2017). RESULTS The mean age of patients was 38.54±15.68 years, and there were more female patients than male (61.05% vs 38.95%). The high-incidence seasons were identified as summer and autumn. The patients with human fascioliasis lived in pastoral areas or were infected F. gigantica by consuming contaminated vegetables or water containing metacercaria. Meanwhile, human fascioliasis was diagnosed by positive serologic tests (1: 640), and Fasciola eggs (144-180×73-96 μm) were detected in stool samples of 6 patients. The most common clinical features were abdominal pain (70.53%), accompanied by elevated eosinophils in 89.5% of these patients. Antiparasitic treatment with triclabendazole at 10 mg/kg/day for 2 days led to symptom relief in all patients. CONCLUSIONS The findings from this observational epidemiological study have highlighted the importance of recognizing, diagnosing, and managing fascioliasis, which is an emerging zoonosis associated with increased human proximity to plant-eating domestic and farmed animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Huang
- Department of Infection Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Fuxing Li
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicine, Clinical Laboratory of The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Huiyong Su
- Department of Infection Disease, Dali Prefecture People’s Hospital, Dali, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Jiao Luo
- Department of Infection Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Wei Gu
- Department of Infection Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, PR China
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Pınarlık F, Keske Ş, Rozanes İ, Ergönül Ö. Challenges in Diagnosis and Treatment of Fasciola hepatica Infection. Infect Dis Clin Microbiol 2023; 5:49-52. [PMID: 38633907 PMCID: PMC10986698 DOI: 10.36519/idcm.2023.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
A 57-year-old female patient presented with fever, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, and weight loss within the last two months. Ceftriaxone and metronidazole therapy was started upon discovery of a liver abscess but provided no benefit. Following the of abscess biopsy, the patient developed fever, itching, anemia, acute renal failure, hyperbilirubinemia, and eosinophilia that required intensive care unit (ICU) admission. The Fasciola hepatica antibodies were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Triclabendazole was started, after which the symptoms and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings regressed. Even without eosinophilia, F. hepatica should be considered in cases with a liver abscess that does not respond to antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatihan Pınarlık
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Koç University, İstanbul, Turkey
- Koç University Isbank Center for Infectious Diseases, Koç University Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Şiran Keske
- Koç University Isbank Center for Infectious Diseases, Koç University Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Koç University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - İzzet Rozanes
- Department of Radiology, Koç University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Önder Ergönül
- Koç University Isbank Center for Infectious Diseases, Koç University Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Koç University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
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Borges BS, Bueno GDP, Tomiotto-Pellissier F, Figueiredo FB, Soares Medeiros LC. In vitro anti- Leishmania activity of triclabendazole and its synergic effect with amphotericin B. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 12:1044665. [PMID: 36699729 PMCID: PMC9868945 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1044665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease, with approximately 1 million new cases and 30,000 deaths reported every year worldwide. Given the lack of adequate medication for treating leishmaniasis, drug repositioning is essential to save time and money when searching for new therapeutic approaches. This is particularly important given leishmaniasis's status as a neglected disease. Available treatments are still far from being fully effective for treating the different clinical forms of the disease. They are also administered parenterally, making it challenging to ensure complete treatment, and they are extremely toxic, in some cases, causing death. Triclabendazole (TCBZ) is a benzimidazole used to treat fasciolosis in adults and children. It presents a lower toxicity profile than amphotericin B (AmpB) and is administered orally, making it an attractive candidate for treating other parasitoses. The mechanism of action for TCBZ is not yet well understood, although microtubules or polyamines could potentially act as a pharmacological target. TCBZ has already shown antiproliferative activity against T. cruzi, T. brucei, and L. infantum. However, further investigations are still necessary to elucidate the mechanisms of action of TCBZ. Methods Cytotoxicity assay was performed by MTT assay. Cell inhibition (CI) values were obtained according to the equation CI = (O.D treatment x 100/O.D. negative control). For Infection evaluation, fixated cells were stained with Hoechst and read at Operetta High Content Imaging System (Perkin Elmer). For growth curves, cell culture absorbance was measured daily at 600 nm. For the synergism effect, Fractional Inhibitory Concentrations (FICs) were calculated for the IC50 of the drugs alone or combined. Mitochondrial membrane potential (DYm), cell cycle, and cell death analysis were evaluated by flow cytometry. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid quantification were also determined by fluorimetry. Treated parasites morphology and ultrastructure were analyzed by electron microscopy. Results The selectivity index (SI = CC50/IC50) of TCBZ was comparable with AmpB in promastigotes and amastigotes of Leishmania amazonensis. Evaluation of the cell cycle showed an increase of up to 13% of cells concentrated in S and G2, and morphological analysis with scanning electron microscopy showed a high frequency of dividing cells. The ultrastructural analysis demonstrated large cytoplasmic lipid accumulation, which could suggest alterations in lipid metabolism. Combined administration of TCBZ and AmpB demonstrated a synergistic effect in vitro against intracellular amastigote forms with cSFICs of 0.25. Conclusions Considering that TCBZ has the advantage of being inexpensive and administrated orally, our results suggest that TCBZ, combined with AmpB, is a promising candidate for treating leishmaniasis with reduced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fernanda Tomiotto-Pellissier
- Laboratory of Immunopathology of Neglected Diseases and Cancer (LIDNC), Department of Pathological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil,Department of Medical Pathology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Lia Carolina Soares Medeiros
- Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil,*Correspondence: Lia Carolina Soares Medeiros,
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Collett CF, Phillips HC, Fisher M, Smith S, Fenn C, Goodwin P, Morphew RM, Brophy PM. Fasciola hepatica Cathepsin L Zymogens: Immuno-Proteomic Evidence for Highly Immunogenic Zymogen-Specific Conformational Epitopes to Support Diagnostics Development. J Proteome Res 2022; 21:1997-2010. [PMID: 35849550 PMCID: PMC9361350 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Fasciola hepatica, the common liver fluke and causative agent of zoonotic fasciolosis, impacts on food security with global economic losses of over $3.2 BN per annum through deterioration of animal health, productivity losses, and livestock death and is also re-emerging as a foodborne human disease. Cathepsin proteases present a major vaccine and diagnostic target of the F. hepatica excretory/secretory (ES) proteome, but utilization in diagnostics of the highly antigenic zymogen stage of these proteins is surprisingly yet to be fully exploited. Following an immuno-proteomic investigation of recombinant and native procathepsins ((r)FhpCL1), including mass spectrometric analyses (DOI: 10.6019/PXD030293), and using counterpart polyclonal antibodies to a recombinant mutant procathepsin L (anti-rFhΔpCL1), we have confirmed recombinant and native cathepsin L zymogens contain conserved, highly antigenic epitopes that are conformationally dependent. Furthermore, using diagnostic platforms, including pilot serum and fecal antigen capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) tests, the diagnostic capacities of cathepsin L zymogens were assessed and validated, offering promising efficacy as markers of infection and for monitoring treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare F Collett
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3DA, U.K
| | - Helen C Phillips
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3DA, U.K
| | - Maggie Fisher
- Ridgeway Research Ltd., Park Farm Buildings, Park Lane, St. Briavels, Gloucestershire GL15 6QX, U.K
| | - Sian Smith
- Ridgeway Research Ltd., Park Farm Buildings, Park Lane, St. Briavels, Gloucestershire GL15 6QX, U.K
| | - Caroline Fenn
- Ridgeway Research Ltd., Park Farm Buildings, Park Lane, St. Briavels, Gloucestershire GL15 6QX, U.K
| | - Phil Goodwin
- Bio-Check UK, Spectrum House, Llys Edmund Prys, St. Asaph Business Park, St. Asaph, Denbighshire LL17 0LJ, U.K
| | - Russell M Morphew
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3DA, U.K
| | - Peter M Brophy
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3DA, U.K
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Fernandez-Baca MV, Hoban C, Ore RA, Ortiz P, Choi YJ, Murga-Moreno C, Mitreva M, Cabada MM. The Differences in the Susceptibility Patterns to Triclabendazole Sulfoxide in Field Isolates of Fasciola hepatica Are Associated with Geographic, Seasonal, and Morphometric Variations. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11060625. [PMID: 35745479 PMCID: PMC9227168 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11060625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Triclabendazole (TCBZ) resistance is an emerging problem in fascioliasis that is not well understood. Studies including small numbers of parasites fail to capture the complexity of susceptibility variations between and within Fasciolahepatica populations. As the first step to studying the complex resistant phenotype−genotype associations, we characterized a large sample of adult F. hepatica with diverging TCBZ susceptibility. We collected parasites from naturally infected livestock slaughtered in the Cusco and Cajamarca regions of Peru. These parasites were exposed to TCBZ sulfoxide (TCBZ.SO) in vitro to determine their susceptibility. We used a motility score to determine the parasite’s viability. We titrated drug concentrations and times to detect 20% non-viable (susceptible conditions) or 80% non-viable (resistant conditions) parasites. We exposed 3348 fully motile parasites to susceptible (n = 1565) or resistant (n = 1783) conditions. Three hundred and forty-one (21.8%) were classified as susceptible and 462 (25.9%) were classified as resistant. More resistant parasites were found in Cusco than in Cajamarca (p < 0.001). Resistant parasites varied by slaughterhouse (p < 0.001), month of the year (p = 0.008), fluke length (p = 0.016), and year of collection (p < 0.001). The in vitro susceptibility to TCBZ.SO in wildtype F. hepatica was associated with geography, season, and morphometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha V. Fernandez-Baca
- Sede Cusco, Instituto de Medicina Tropical “Alexander von Humboldt”, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Calle Jose Carlos Mariategui J-6, Wanchaq, Cusco 08002, Peru; (M.V.F.-B.); (R.A.O.)
| | - Cristian Hoban
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de Cajamarca, Avenida Atahualpa 1050, Cajamarca 06001, Peru; (C.H.); (P.O.); (C.M.-M.)
| | - Rodrigo A. Ore
- Sede Cusco, Instituto de Medicina Tropical “Alexander von Humboldt”, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Calle Jose Carlos Mariategui J-6, Wanchaq, Cusco 08002, Peru; (M.V.F.-B.); (R.A.O.)
| | - Pedro Ortiz
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de Cajamarca, Avenida Atahualpa 1050, Cajamarca 06001, Peru; (C.H.); (P.O.); (C.M.-M.)
| | - Young-Jun Choi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, 4523 Clayton Avenue, MSC 8051-0043-15, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA;
| | - César Murga-Moreno
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de Cajamarca, Avenida Atahualpa 1050, Cajamarca 06001, Peru; (C.H.); (P.O.); (C.M.-M.)
| | - Makedonka Mitreva
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, 4523 Clayton Avenue, MSC 8051-0043-15, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA;
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University, 4444 Forest Park Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (M.M.C.)
| | - Miguel M. Cabada
- Sede Cusco, Instituto de Medicina Tropical “Alexander von Humboldt”, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Calle Jose Carlos Mariategui J-6, Wanchaq, Cusco 08002, Peru; (M.V.F.-B.); (R.A.O.)
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (M.M.C.)
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Fernandes Serodio J, Lopes M, Ribeiro R, Trindade M, Favas C, Delgado Alves J. Hepatic fascioliasis as an important differential diagnosis to cholangiocarcinoma. J Travel Med 2021; 28:6225384. [PMID: 33851705 DOI: 10.1093/jtm/taab061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- João Fernandes Serodio
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Hospital Prof. Doutor Fernando Fonseca, Amadora 2720-276, Portugal
| | - Mónica Lopes
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Hospital Prof. Doutor Fernando Fonseca, Amadora 2720-276, Portugal
| | - Renata Ribeiro
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Hospital Prof. Doutor Fernando Fonseca, Amadora 2720-276, Portugal
| | - Miguel Trindade
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Hospital Prof. Doutor Fernando Fonseca, Amadora 2720-276, Portugal
| | - Catarina Favas
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Hospital Prof. Doutor Fernando Fonseca, Amadora 2720-276, Portugal.,Immunemediated Systemic Diseases Unit, Hospital Prof. Doutor Fernando Fonseca, Amadora 2720-276, Portugal
| | - José Delgado Alves
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Hospital Prof. Doutor Fernando Fonseca, Amadora 2720-276, Portugal.,Immunemediated Systemic Diseases Unit, Hospital Prof. Doutor Fernando Fonseca, Amadora 2720-276, Portugal.,Immune Response and Vascular Disease Unit, Chronic Diseases Research Center - CEDOC, Nova Medical School, Lisbon 1150-082, Portugal
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Pi H, Ogunniyi AD, Savaliya B, Nguyen HT, Page SW, Lacey E, Venter H, Trott DJ. Repurposing of the Fasciolicide Triclabendazole to Treat Infections Caused by Staphylococcus spp. and Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9081697. [PMID: 34442776 PMCID: PMC8398527 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9081697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
One approach to combat the increasing incidence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial pathogens involves repurposing existing compounds with known safety and development pathways as new antibacterial classes with potentially novel mechanisms of action. Here, triclabendazole (TCBZ), a drug originally developed to treat Fasciola hepatica (liver fluke) in sheep and cattle, and later in humans, was evaluated as an antibacterial alone or in combination with sub-inhibitory concentrations of polymyxin B (PMB) against clinical isolates and reference strains of key Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. We show for the first time that in vitro, TCBZ selectively kills methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius at a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) range of 2–4 µg/mL, and vancomycin-resistant enterococci at a MIC range of 4–8 µg/mL. TCBZ also inhibited key Gram-negative bacteria in the presence of sub-inhibitory concentrations of PMB, returning MIC90 values of 1 µg/mL for Escherichia coli, 8 µg/mL for Klebsiella pneumoniae, 2 µg/mL for Acinetobacter baumannii and 4 µg/mL for Pseudomonasaeruginosa. Interestingly, TCBZ was found to be bacteriostatic against intracellular S. aureus but bactericidal against intracellular S. pseudintermedius. Additionally, TCBZ’s favourable pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) profile was further explored by in vivo safety and efficacy studies using a bioluminescent mouse model of S. aureus sepsis. We show that repeated four-hourly oral treatment of mice with 50 mg/kg TCBZ after systemic S. aureus challenge resulted in a significant reduction in S. aureus populations in the blood to 18 h post-infection (compared to untreated mice) but did not clear the bacterial infection from the bloodstream, consistent with in vivo bacteriostatic activity. These results indicate that additional pharmaceutical development of TCBZ may enhance its PK/PD, allowing it to be an appropriate candidate for the treatment of serious MDR bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfei Pi
- Australian Centre for Antimicrobial Resistance Ecology, Roseworthy Campus, School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, SA 5371, Australia; (H.P.); (A.D.O.); (B.S.); (H.T.N.)
| | - Abiodun D. Ogunniyi
- Australian Centre for Antimicrobial Resistance Ecology, Roseworthy Campus, School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, SA 5371, Australia; (H.P.); (A.D.O.); (B.S.); (H.T.N.)
| | - Bhumi Savaliya
- Australian Centre for Antimicrobial Resistance Ecology, Roseworthy Campus, School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, SA 5371, Australia; (H.P.); (A.D.O.); (B.S.); (H.T.N.)
| | - Hang Thi Nguyen
- Australian Centre for Antimicrobial Resistance Ecology, Roseworthy Campus, School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, SA 5371, Australia; (H.P.); (A.D.O.); (B.S.); (H.T.N.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, Internal Medicine and Diagnostics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | | | - Ernest Lacey
- Microbial Screening Technologies Pty Ltd., Smithfield, NSW 2164, Australia;
| | - Henrietta Venter
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia;
| | - Darren J. Trott
- Australian Centre for Antimicrobial Resistance Ecology, Roseworthy Campus, School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, SA 5371, Australia; (H.P.); (A.D.O.); (B.S.); (H.T.N.)
- Correspondence:
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Yan L, Liu Y, Ma XF, Hou D, Zhang YH, Sun Y, Shi SS, Forouzanfar T, Lin HY, Fan J, Wu G. Triclabendazole Induces Pyroptosis by Activating Caspase-3 to Cleave GSDME in Breast Cancer Cells. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:670081. [PMID: 34305590 PMCID: PMC8297466 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.670081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyroptosis is a form of programmed cell death, in which gasdermin E (GSDME) plays an important role in cancer cells, which can be induced by activated caspase-3 on apoptotic stimulation. Triclabendazole is a new type of imidazole in fluke resistance and has been approved by the FDA for the treatment of fascioliasis and its functions partially acting through apoptosis-related mechanisms. However, it remains unclear whether triclabendazole has obvious anti-cancer effects on breast cancer cells. In this study, to test the function of triclabendazole on breast cancer, we treated breast cancer cells with triclabendazole and found that triclabendazole induced lytic cell death in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231, and the dying cells became swollen with evident large bubbles, a typical sign of pyroptosis. Triclabendazole activates apoptosis by regulating the apoptoic protein levels including Bax, Bcl-2, and enhanced cleavage of caspase-8/9/3/7 and PARP. In addition, enhanced cleavage of GSDME was also observed, which indicates the secondary necrosis/pyroptosis is further induced by active caspase-3. Consistent with this, triclabendazole-induced GSDME-N-terminal fragment cleavage and pyroptosis were reduced by caspase-3-specific inhibitor (Ac-DEVD-CHO) treatment. Moreover, triclabendazole induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) elevation and increased JNK phosphorylation and lytic cell death, which could be rescued by the ROS scavenger (NAC), suggesting that triclabendazole-induced GSDME-dependent pyroptosis is related to the ROS/JNK/Bax-mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Besides, we showed that triclabendazole significantly reduced the tumor volume by promoting the cleavage of caspase-3, PARP, and GSDME in the xenograft model. Altogether, our results revealed that triclabendazole induces GSDME-dependent pyroptosis by caspase-3 activation at least partly through augmenting the ROS/JNK/Bax-mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, providing insights into this on-the-market drug in its potential new application in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Yan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue-Feng Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Hou
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Pathology, Amsterdam UMC/VUmc Location and Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Vrije Universitetit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Science, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Yu-Hui Zhang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Sun
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shan-Shan Shi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tim Forouzanfar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Pathology, Amsterdam UMC/VUmc Location and Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Vrije Universitetit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Science, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hai-Yan Lin
- Savaid Stomatology School, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Fan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Pathology, Amsterdam UMC/VUmc Location and Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Vrije Universitetit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Science, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Oral Implantology and Prosthetic Dentistry, Academic Centre of Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Universiteit van Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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11
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Morales ML, Tanabe MB, White AC, Lopez M, Bascope R, Cabada MM. Triclabendazole Treatment Failure for Fasciola hepatica Infection among Preschool and School-Age Children, Cusco, Peru 1. Emerg Infect Dis 2021; 27:1850-1857. [PMID: 34152949 PMCID: PMC8237897 DOI: 10.3201/eid2707.203900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of children who had chronic fascioliasis in the highlands of Peru to determine triclabendazole treatment efficacy. Children passing Fasciola eggs in stool were offered directly observed triclabendazole treatment (>1 doses of 10 mg/kg). Parasitologic cure was evaluated by using microscopy of stool 1–4 months after each treatment. A total of 146 children who had chronic fascioliasis participated in the study; 53% were female, and the mean ± SD age was 10.4 ± 3.1 years. After the first treatment, 55% of the children achieved parasitologic cure. Cure rates decreased after the second (38%), third (30%), and fourth (23%) treatments; 17 children (11.6%) did not achieve cure after 4 treatments. Higher baseline egg counts and lower socioeconomic status were associated with triclabendazole treatment failure. Decreased triclabendazole efficacy in disease-endemic communities threatens control efforts. Further research on triclabendazole resistance and new drugs to overcome it are urgently needed.
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12
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Kelley JM, Rawlin G, Beddoe T, Stevenson M, Spithill TW. Fasciola hepatica Control Practices on a Sample of Dairy Farms in Victoria, Australia. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:669117. [PMID: 34150890 PMCID: PMC8213206 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.669117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In Australia, little is known about the strategies used by farmers to control Fasciola hepatica (F. hepatica) infection in dairy cattle. Triclabendazole-resistant F. hepatica have recently been found on several dairy and beef properties in Australia. It is difficult to draw conclusions about how widespread resistance is in Australian dairy cattle because we have little information about flukicide usage, drug resistance testing, and alternative flukicide usage on-farm. The study objectives were to determine how dairy farmers are currently controlling F. hepatica and to identify knowledge gaps where F. hepatica control strategies need to be communicated to farmers to improve management. The survey was distributed online or by hard copy and 36 dairy farmers completed the survey. There were 34 questions including closed, open-ended, multicheck box, demographic, and text questions. Descriptive statistics were used to quantify each response. The survey results showed high use of clorsulon, limited rotation of flukicides, and limited use of diagnostic tests to inform treatment options and timing. There was poor adherence to best management practice in determining the dose of flukicides administered to cattle, with farmers often relying on estimating body weights or average body weights, suggesting that underdosing of animals is likely to be prevalent. Most respondents in this study did not isolate and quarantine treated and newly returned or purchased animals before joining them with the main herd. The research identified four knowledge gaps where communication needs to be enhanced to improve control of F. hepatica: diagnostic testing to inform flukicide use, rotation of flukicide actives, flukicide administration, and increased testing of replacement animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane M Kelley
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, Centre for AgriBioscience, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Grant Rawlin
- Department of Jobs Precincts and Regions, Agriculture Victoria Research, Centre for AgriBioscience, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Travis Beddoe
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, Centre for AgriBioscience, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Mark Stevenson
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Terry W Spithill
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, Centre for AgriBioscience, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
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13
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Abstract
We report 2 cases of human fascioliasis (HF) in Belgium, likely caused by consumption of vegetables from a garden that was flooded by pasture runoff. Because autochthonous HF is rare and the route of transmission was unusual, HF was not diagnosed until 6 months after symptom onset in both cases.
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14
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Castro-Hermida JA, González-Warleta M, Martínez-Sernández V, Ubeira FM, Mezo M. Current Challenges for Fasciolicide Treatment in Ruminant Livestock. Trends Parasitol 2021; 37:430-444. [PMID: 33461901 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2020.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Pharmacological treatment remains essential to control fasciolosis in areas where infection is endemic. However, there are major constraints to treating food-producing animals. Of particular concern is the lack of flukicides for treating early Fasciola infections in ruminant livestock in some countries. In addition, the information provided in package leaflets, particularly regarding withdrawal periods, is often incomplete, confusing, and/or contradictory. International regulatory bodies should harmonize the use of flukicides in livestock in favor of fairer, safer international trade. In addition, monitoring the efficacy of fasciolicides on farms is also essential to minimize the spread of drug-resistant populations of Fasciola. The current situation regarding flukicide formulations in the European Union and other, non-European countries is analyzed in this review paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Antonio Castro-Hermida
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Centro de Investigaciones Agrarias de Mabegondo, AGACAL, Abegondo, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Marta González-Warleta
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Centro de Investigaciones Agrarias de Mabegondo, AGACAL, Abegondo, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Victoria Martínez-Sernández
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Institute of Research on Chemical and Biological Analysis (IAQBUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Florencio M Ubeira
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Institute of Research on Chemical and Biological Analysis (IAQBUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Mercedes Mezo
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Centro de Investigaciones Agrarias de Mabegondo, AGACAL, Abegondo, A Coruña, Spain.
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15
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION The only drug effective against the infection caused by Fasciola hepatica or F. gigantica is triclabendazole (TCBZ), recommended by the WHO and recently approved by the FDA. Here, we describe the evolution of TCBZ regimens and the emergence of TCBZ failure to Fasciola infection. AREAS COVERED The present review focuses on the evidence of TCBZ for the treatment of fascioliasis. For acute fascioliasis, there is a lack of studies to measure the presence of eggs of Fasciola in stool samples on the follow-up after initial TCBZ treatment. For chronic fascioliasis, WHO recommends a single oral dose of TCBZ 10 mg/kg whereas CDC recommends two doses of TCBZ 10 mg/kg 12 h apart. Incremental number of treatment failures have been documented worldwide. There are currently no therapeutic alternatives for the treatment of fascioliasis in humans. EXPERT OPINION Most cases of human fascioliasis are successfully treated with TCBZ, but some continue excreting eggs in the stools despite 1-2 standard of care regimens of TCBZ. A precise regimen is unclear for those patients who fail the initial treatment with TCBZ. Further clinical trials are needed to address the possible TCBZ emerging resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Marcos
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Vicente Maco
- Laboratorio De Parasitologia, Instituto De Medicina Tropical Alexander Von Humboldt, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Angelica Terashima
- Laboratorio De Parasitologia, Instituto De Medicina Tropical Alexander Von Humboldt, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.,Departamento De Enfermedades Infecciosas, Tropicales Y Dermatologicas, Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
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16
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Marchenko VA, Khalikov SS, Vasilenko YA, Ilyin MM, Kravchenko IA. Innovative anthelmintic based on mechanochemical technology and their efficacy against parasitic infection of sheeps. J Adv Vet Anim Res 2020; 7:718-725. [PMID: 33409318 PMCID: PMC7774792 DOI: 10.5455/javar.2020.g473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Solubility and bioavailability are crucial for maximizing the activity of an antiparasitic drug. This study aimed to develop a combined preparation for antiparasitic medicines using ivermectin (Iver), fenbendazole (FBZ), and triclabendazole (TBZ), considering their solubility, bioavailability, and activity. Materials and Methods: Innovative preparations in solid dispersions (SD) were obtained using the joint mechanical processing of drug substances with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) in an LE-101 roller mill. The preparations’ efficacy was studied in 140 sheep spontaneously infected with gastrointestinal Strongylata, Dicrococelium dendriticum, Moniezia expansa, and Melophagus ovinus. The preparations were given individually to the sheep in the form of an aqueous suspension orally. Their effectiveness was evaluated using intravital and postmortem parasitological examinations. Results: The results confirmed the increase in solubility of substances by 13–29 times. The experiments have shown the high efficacy of SD composition of FBZ/Iver/PVP (1/1/9) containing FBZ (at 3.0 mg/kg b/w) and Iver (at 0.2 mg/kg b/w) when used against gastrointestinal Strongylates and M. expansa (95.8% and 100%, respectively), to a lesser extent against M. ovinus (38.5%). The SD composition of TBZ/Iver/PVP (1/1/9) of TBZ (at 3.0 mg/kg b/w) and Iver (at 0.2 mg/kg b/w) showed a high efficacy against gastrointestinal Strongylata and D. dendriticum (96.8% and 100%, respectively) and less activity against M. ovinus (61.6%). Conclusion: The high parasiticidal activity of SD based on FBZ, TBZ, and Iver in comparison with initial substances is explained by the formation of inclusion complexes of these substances with PVP when SD is dissolved in water and the synergistic effect of the active substances of the preparations. The resulting complexes have increased solubility in water and bioavailability. The use of such an SD suggests a significant reduction in the dosages of FBZ and TBZ without losing parasiticidal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor A Marchenko
- Department of Gorno-Altay Research Institute of Agriculture, Federal Altai Scientific Center of Agrobiotechnology, Barnaul, Russia
| | - Salavat S Khalikov
- Laboratory for Physiologically Active Organofluorine Compounds, Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yury A Vasilenko
- Department of Gorno-Altay Research Institute of Agriculture, Federal Altai Scientific Center of Agrobiotechnology, Barnaul, Russia
| | - Mikhail M Ilyin
- Laboratory for Physiologically Active Organofluorine Compounds, Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina A Kravchenko
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Altai State Agricultural University, Barnaul, Russia
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17
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Caravedo MA, Cabada MM. Human Fascioliasis: Current Epidemiological Status and Strategies for Diagnosis, Treatment, and Control. Res Rep Trop Med 2020; 11:149-158. [PMID: 33273878 PMCID: PMC7705270 DOI: 10.2147/rrtm.s237461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose of the Review This review aims to critically assess current knowledge about the epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of Fasciola infection in humans. Recent Findings Fascioliasis is an emerging neglected zoonotic infection affecting the health and wellbeing of human populations. The burden of infection is unclear, and studies have shown the geographic expansion of fascioliasis in human and livestock likely related to climate change. The infection can be asymptomatic or present in acute or chronic forms. Regardless of the presentation, fascioliasis can be associated with long-term complications such as anemia and malnutrition. Early in the infection, antibody testing is the only tool available for diagnosis confirmation. In the chronic forms serology and stool microscopy are helpful. Other tests such as antigen detection and PCR-based methods including isothermal tests have shown promising results. Triclabendazole is the only drug available to treat Fasciola infection. However, reports of resistant infections in livestock and human threaten the clinical care and control of the infection in endemic areas. Summary Fascioliasis is an emerging infection around the world with an uncertain burden. Lack of standardization of diagnostic testing and treatment alternatives hinder treatment and control of the infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Alejandra Caravedo
- Division of Infectious Diseases Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Miguel Mauricio Cabada
- Division of Infectious Diseases Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.,Cusco Branch - Tropical Medicine Institute, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Cusco, Peru
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18
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Gandhi P, Schmitt EK, Chen CW, Samantray S, Venishetty VK, Hughes D. Triclabendazole in the treatment of human fascioliasis: a review. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2020; 113:797-804. [PMID: 31638149 PMCID: PMC6906998 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trz093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Fascioliasis occurs on all inhabited continents. It is caused by Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica, trematode parasites with complex life cycles, and primarily affects domestic livestock. Humans become infected after ingestion of contaminated food (typically wild aquatic vegetables) or water. Fascioliasis may be difficult to diagnose as many symptoms are non-specific (e.g. fever, abdominal pain and anorexia). Treatment options are limited, with older effective therapies such as emetine and bithionol no longer used due to safety issues and unavailability, and most common anthelminthics having poor efficacy. Clinical trials conducted over a 25-year period, together with numerous case reports, demonstrated that triclabendazole has high efficacy in the treatment of human fascioliasis in adults and children and in all stages and forms of infection. Triclabendazole was approved for human use in Egypt in 1997 and in France in 2002 and a donation program for the treatment of fascioliasis in endemic countries was subsequently established by the manufacturer and administered by the World Health Organization. Here the published data on triclabendazole in the treatment of human fascioliasis are reviewed, with a focus on more recent data, in light of the 2019 US Food and Drug Administration approval of the drug for use in human infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preetam Gandhi
- Global Health Development Unit, Forum 3, Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Campus, Lichtstrasse, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Esther K Schmitt
- Global Health Development Unit, Forum 3, Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Campus, Lichtstrasse, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Chien-Wei Chen
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, One Health Plaza-315/5320 B, East Hanover NJ, 07936 USA
| | - Sanjay Samantray
- Novartis Healthcare Pvt. Ltd, Salarpuria-Sattva Knowledge City, Inorbit Mall Rd, Silpa Gram Craft Village, HITEC City, Hyderabad, Telangana 500081, India
| | - Vinay Kumar Venishetty
- Novartis Healthcare Pvt. Ltd, Salarpuria-Sattva Knowledge City, Inorbit Mall Rd, Silpa Gram Craft Village, HITEC City, Hyderabad, Telangana 500081, India
| | - David Hughes
- Global Health Development Unit, Forum 3, Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Campus, Lichtstrasse, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
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19
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Collett CF, Morphew RM, Timson D, Phillips HC, Brophy PM. Pilot Evaluation of Two Fasciola hepatica Biomarkers for Supporting Triclabendazole (TCBZ) Efficacy Diagnostics. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25153477. [PMID: 32751696 PMCID: PMC7435721 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25153477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Fasciola hepatica, the causative agent of fasciolosis, is a global threat to public health, animal welfare, agricultural productivity, and food security. In the ongoing absence of a commercial vaccine, independent emergences of anthelmintic-resistant parasite populations worldwide are threatening the sustainability of the few flukicides presently available, and particularly triclabendazole (TCBZ) as the drug of choice. Consequently, prognoses for future fasciolosis control and sustained TCBZ application necessitate improvements in diagnostic tools to identify anthelmintic efficacy. Previously, we have shown that proteomic fingerprinting of F. hepatica excretory/secretory (ES) products offered new biomarkers associated with in vitro TCBZ-sulfoxide (SO) recovery or death. In the current paper, two of these biomarkers (calreticulin (CRT) and triose phosphate isomerase (TPI)) were recombinantly expressed and evaluated to measure TCBZ efficacy via a novel approach to decipher fluke molecular phenotypes independently of molecular parasite resistance mechanism(s), which are still not fully characterised or understood. Our findings confirmed the immunoreactivity and diagnostic potential of the present target antigens by sera from TCBZ-susceptible (TCBZ-S) and TCBZ-resistant (TCBZ-R) F. hepatica experimentally infected sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare F. Collett
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3DA, UK; (R.M.M.); (H.C.P.); (P.M.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Russell M. Morphew
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3DA, UK; (R.M.M.); (H.C.P.); (P.M.B.)
| | - David Timson
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, UK;
| | - Helen C. Phillips
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3DA, UK; (R.M.M.); (H.C.P.); (P.M.B.)
| | - Peter M. Brophy
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3DA, UK; (R.M.M.); (H.C.P.); (P.M.B.)
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20
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Abstract
Fascioliasis is a trematode flatworm infection caused by Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica. Fasciola hepatica is mesoendemic in Turkey. Six cases of pediatric fascioliasis are presented here. All patients had histories of consumption of various raw vegetables. Four of our patients were at the hepatic phase, and two were at the biliary phase. Except for one patient, all patients had eosinophilia. In three patients, total IgE levels were markedly increased. In these patients, there was an eosinophilic leukomoid reaction accompanied by a high total IgE level. Except for one of our patients, all patients had positive indirect hemagglutination tests. This patient was diagnosed as having fascioliasis with a compatible clinical picture. Except one, all of our patients were completely treated with a single-treatment regimen of triclabendazole; one patient needed re-administration. Only in patient 1, liver enzymes increased after triclabendazole administration because he had taken the medication for longer than prescribed by mistake. The elevation of liver enzymes was not observed in the other patients who received the correct dose. All patients recovered completely with triclabendazole treatment. The patients’ dietary habits, eosinophilia, and markedly elevated IgE levels may be significant predictors for physicians to suspect fascioliasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülsüm İclal Bayhan
- Department of Pediatric Infection, Yüzüncü Yıl University Faculty of Medicine, Van, Turkey
| | - Ayşegül Taylan Özkan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Hitit University Faculty of Medicine, Çorum, Turkey
| | - Yunus Emre Beyhan
- Department of Parasitology, Yüzüncü Yıl University Faculty of Medicine, Van, Turkey
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21
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Real D, Orzan L, Leonardi D, Salomon CJ. Improving the Dissolution of Triclabendazole from Stable Crystalline Solid Dispersions Formulated for Oral Delivery. AAPS PharmSciTech 2019; 21:16. [PMID: 31807963 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-019-1551-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Triclabendazole belongs to the class II/IV of the Biopharmaceuticals Classification System, and its low aqueous solubility represents a major drawback during the development of effective dosage forms. Therefore, the goal of this study was to elucidate whether polymeric solid dispersions would represent a suitable approach to overcome such disadvantage. Due to the lack of information on triclabendazole release, four different dissolution media were evaluated to analyze drug dissolution rate. The polymeric solid dispersions were characterized by X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The selected final formulations were further stored for 24 months, and their physical stability was evaluated by means of X-ray diffraction and drug dissolution assays. Drug solubility studies indicated that poloxamer 407 (P407) solubilized a higher amount of drug than polyethylene glycol 6000. Drug-to-carrier ratio, nature of the selected carriers, and the type of dissolution media were important factors for increasing dissolution. By infrared spectroscopy, there were no specific interactions between the drug and polymers. The physicochemical characterization of the systems showed a detectable evidence of drug amorphization by increasing the carrier ratio. Micromeritic studies indicated that raw triclabendazole, physical mixtures, and reference formulation showed poor flow properties, in contrast to the triclabendazole:P407 solid dispersion sample. Both the crystalline properties and dissolution rate of selected samples were very similar after 24 months at room temperature. Thus, considering physical stability and dissolution studies, the development of the solid dispersion is a very suitable methodology to improve triclabendazole dissolution and, potentially, its biopharmaceutical performance.
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22
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Maticorena Agramonte VF, Ormeño Julca AJ, Coveñas Coronado CDP, Polar Córdova V, Belloso Rodríguez JA. [Pulmonary paragonimiasis. Pediatric case report]. ARCH ARGENT PEDIATR 2019; 117:e659-e663. [PMID: 31758906 DOI: 10.5546/aap.2019.e659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Paragonimiasis is a parasite infection caused by several species of Paragonimus, a trematode that is transmitted through the consumption of raw or undercooked crabs and that has been found in the subtropical areas of America, Asia and Africa. This infection mainly affects the lungs, causing clinical and radiological manifestations very similar to pulmonary tuberculosis, so it should always be included in the differential diagnosis. We present the case of a 7-year-old school patient, hospitalized with the diagnosis of pulmonary paragonimiasis, who had a favorable evolution after receiving treatment with triclabendazole.
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Kamaludeen J, Graham-Brown J, Stephens N, Miller J, Howell A, Beesley NJ, Hodgkinson J, Learmount J, Williams D. Lack of efficacy of triclabendazole against Fasciola hepatica is present on sheep farms in three regions of England, and Wales. Vet Rec 2019; 184:502. [PMID: 30824600 PMCID: PMC6583106 DOI: 10.1136/vr.105209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The liver fluke Fasciola hepatica is a parasitic trematode that has a major impact on livestock production and human health. Control of F hepatica is difficult and relies on anthelmintics, particularly triclabendazole, due to its efficacy against both adult and juvenile stages of the parasite. Emergence of triclabendazole-resistant F hepatica populations has been reported in a number of countries, including the UK, but the overall prevalence and distribution of triclabendazole resistance is unknown. In this study, the authors established the presence of reduced efficacy of triclabendazole in sheep flocks in England and Wales, using a validated composite faecal egg count reduction test. Seventy-four sheep farms were sampled from Wales, southwest, northwest and northeast England between Autumn 2013 and Spring 2015. F hepatica eggs were detected in samples from 42/74 farms. Evidence of a lack of efficacy of triclabendazole was detected on 21/26 farms on which the faecal egg count reduction test was completed, with faecal egg count reductions ranging from 89 per cent to 0per cent. Regression analysis suggested that both prevalence of F hepatica and lack of efficacy of triclabendazole were spatially correlated, with higher faecal egg counts and lower percentage reductions on farms located in the northwest of England, and Wales. Overall, the results show that reduced efficacy of triclabendazole is present across England and Wales, with a complete lack of therapeutic efficacy observed on 9/26 farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juriah Kamaludeen
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia-Kampus Bintulu, Bintulu, Malaysia
| | - John Graham-Brown
- Infection Biology, University of Liverpool Institute of Infection and Global Health, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Josephine Miller
- University of Liverpool School of Veterinary Science, Liverpool, UK
| | - Alison Howell
- Infection Biology, University of Liverpool Institute of Infection and Global Health, Liverpool, UK
| | - Nicola J Beesley
- Infection Biology, University of Liverpool Institute of Infection and Global Health, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Jane Learmount
- United Kingdom Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs, London, UK
| | - Diana Williams
- University of Liverpool Institute of Infection and Global Health, Liverpool, UK
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Machicado C, Soto MP, Timoteo O, Vaisberg A, Pajuelo M, Ortiz P, Marcos LA. Screening the Pathogen Box for Identification of New Chemical Agents with Anti- Fasciola hepatica Activity. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2019; 63:e02373-18. [PMID: 30602522 DOI: 10.1128/AAC.02373-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fascioliasis is an infectious parasitic disease distributed globally and caused by the liver fluke Fasciola hepatica or F. gigantica This neglected tropical disease affects both animals and humans, and it represents a latent public health problem due to the significant economic losses related to its effects on animal husbandry. For decades, triclabendazole has been the unique anti-Fasciola drug that can effectively treat this disease. However, triclabendazole resistance in fascioliasis has more recently been reported around the world, and thus, the discovery of novel drugs is an urgent need. The aim of this study was to investigate the fasciocidal properties of 400 compounds contained in the Pathogen Box. The first stage of the screening was carried out by measuring the fasciocidal activity on metacercariae at a concentration of 33 μM each compound (the standard dose). Subsequently, the activities of the most active compounds (n = 33) at their 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) values against metacercariae were assayed, and the results showed that 13 compounds had IC50s of ≤10 μM. The second stage queried the activities of these compounds at 33 μM against adult flukes, with seven of the compounds producing high mortality rates of >50%. Four hit compounds were selected on the basis of their predicted nontoxic properties, and the IC50 values obtained for adult worms were <10 μM; thus, these compounds represented the best fasciocidal compounds tested here. A cytotoxicity assay on four types of cell lines demonstrated that three compounds were nontoxic at their most active concentration. In conclusion, three hit compounds identified in this proof-of-concept study are potential candidates in the discovery of new fasciocidal drugs. Further studies are warranted.
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Real D, Leonardi D, Williams RO, Repka MA, Salomon CJ. Solving the Delivery Problems of Triclabendazole Using Cyclodextrins. AAPS PharmSciTech 2018; 19:2311-2321. [PMID: 29845501 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-018-1057-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Triclabendazole is the first-line drug of choice to treat and control fasciolasis, a neglected parasitic human disease. It is a class II/IV compound according to the Biopharmaceutics Classification System. Thus, the aim of this study was to improve aqueous solubility and dissolution rate of triclabendazole complexed with 2-hydroxylpropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) and methyl-β-cyclodextrin (Me-β-CD) at 1:1 and 1:2 M ratio. The impact of storage on the solubility, dissolution profile, and solid-state properties of such complexes was also investigated. Drug-carrier interactions were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffractometry, and scanning electron microscopy. The solubility of triclabendazole improved up to 256- and 341-fold using HP-β-CD and Me-β-CD, respectively. In particular, the drug complexed with Me-β-CD showed a positive deviation from linearity, suggesting that its solubility increases with an increasing concentration of Me-β-CD concentration in a nonlinear manner. The drug dissolution was found to be improved through complex formation with HP-β-CD and Me-β-CD. In particular, the 1:2 M ratio complexes exhibited higher dissolution than the corresponding 1:1 M ratio complexes. The physicochemical characterization of the systems showed strong evidence of amorphous phases and/or of the formation of an inclusion complex. Stored at 25 °C, 60% RH for 24 months, drug complexed with β-cyclodextrins (CDs) at 1:2 M ratio remained amorphous. Based on these findings, it is postulated that the formation of triclabendazole-CD inclusion complexes produced significant enhancement in both the dissolution and solid-state properties of the drug, which may lead to the development of triclabendazole novel formulations with improved biopharmaceutical characteristics.
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Abstract
RATIONALE Fascioliasis is a rare cause of liver abscesses, and its clinical course consists of hepatic phase and biliary phase. PATIENT CONCERNS We describe a 58-year-old female patient who presented with a 2-month history of intermittent fever and abdominal pain. An abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed confluent low-density lesions in the liver. Complete surgical resection of these abscesses was performed, and postoperative pathological examination and serological tests confirmed a diagnosis of fascioliasis. However, 4 months after the surgery, follow-up CT revealed a lesion in the retroperitoneal area. Meanwhile, ultrasonography-guided percutaneous needle biopsy of the retroperitoneal lesion was performed, and a parasitic infection was suspected. DIAGNOSES Retroperitoneal metastasis of hepatic phase fascioliasis. INTERVENTIONS The patient received parasitic resistance treatment with triclabendazole at a dose of 10 mg/kg/d for 2 consecutive days. OUTCOMES After 2 courses of triclabendazole therapy, the retroperitoneal metastasis regressed to a minor lesion. LESSONS To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of retroperitoneal metastasis of fascioliasis, aimed at helping recognize the clinical features and treatment options of this rare disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Er-Liang Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | | | | | - Fei Liu
- Department of Biliary Surgery
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Ai L, Cai YC, Lu Y, Chen JX, Chen SH. Human Cases of Fascioliasis in Fujian Province, China. Korean J Parasitol 2017; 55:55-60. [PMID: 28285507 PMCID: PMC5365266 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2017.55.1.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Fascioliasis is a foodborne zoonotic parasitic disease. We report 4 cases occurring in the same family, in whom diagnosis of acute fascioliasis was established after series of tests. One case was hospitalized with fever, eosinophilia, and hepatic lesions. MRI showed hypodense changes in both liver lobes. The remaining 3 cases presented with the symptom of stomachache only. Stool analysis was positive for Fasciola eggs in 2 adult patients. The immunological test and molecular identification of eggs were confirmed at the National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China. The results of serological detection were positive in all the 4 patients. DNA sequencing of PCR products of the eggs demonstrated 100% homology with ITS and cox1 of Fasciola hepatica. The conditions of the patients were not improved by broad-spectrum anti-parasitic drugs until administration of triclabendazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Ai
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Shanghai 200025,
China
| | - Yu-Chun Cai
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Shanghai 200025,
China
| | - Yan Lu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Shanghai 200025,
China
| | - Jia-Xu Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Shanghai 200025,
China
| | - Shao-Hong Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Shanghai 200025,
China
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Trailović SM, Marinković D, Kulišić Z. DIAGNOSIS AND THERAPY OF LIVER FLUKE (FASCIOLOIDES MAGNA) INFECTION IN FALLOW DEER (DAMA DAMA) IN SERBIA. J Wildl Dis 2016; 52:319-26. [PMID: 26967130 DOI: 10.7589/2015-07-194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Giant liver fluke ( Fascioloides magna ) infection is an important health problem of cervids in southeastern Europe. We measured the prevalence and intensity of infection with F. magna in a fenced area near the Danube River in the South Bačka District of Serbia. Parasitologic, pathomorphologic, and histopathologic examinations were conducted from November 2007 to February 2008, beginning with a population of 127 adult fallow deer ( Dama dama ). After a positive diagnosis, therapy with triclabendazole-medicated corn was applied. Deer were treated at four baiting stations, using medicated feed providing triclabendazole at an estimated dose of 10-14 mg/kg of body weight per deer. Treatment lasted for 7 d in early February 2008 and an additional 7 d 2 wk later. For the complete success of pharmacotherapy it was necessary to prevent any contact of deer with the snail intermediate host ( Galba truncatula ). Intervention in the habitat, removing grass and low vegetation, and draining ponds reduces the possibility of contact. Six months after the treatment, livers of hunted deer were reddish, with fibrous tracks; pigmentation and cysts in the parenchyma were surrounded by a fibrous capsule and their fecal samples contained no eggs of F. magna . Over the following years, livers of hunted deer were negative, and the last control cull in March 2015 confirmed complete absence of infection. We reconfirmed the presence of giant liver flukes in fallow deer in Serbia, apparently the result of natural spread across the Danube from Hungary and Croatia. We also report that the treatment of deer with triclabendazole-medicated corn is an effective method for administration of therapeutic doses of drug in semicaptive deer. Interventions in the environment are necessary to prevent recontact of deer with habitats used by the snail intermediate host, and enable the success of the therapy.
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29
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Kelley JM, Elliott TP, Beddoe T, Anderson G, Skuce P, Spithill TW. Current Threat of Triclabendazole Resistance in Fasciola hepatica. Trends Parasitol 2016; 32:458-469. [PMID: 27049013 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2016.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Triclabendazole (TCBZ) is the only chemical that kills early immature and adult Fasciola hepatica (liver fluke) but widespread resistance to the drug greatly compromises fluke control in livestock and humans. The mode of action of TCBZ and mechanism(s) underlying parasite resistance to the drug are not known. Due to the high prevalence of TCBZ resistance (TCBZ-R), effective management of drug resistance is now critical for sustainable livestock production. Here, we discuss the current status of TCBZ-R in F. hepatica, the global distribution of resistance observed in livestock, the possible mechanism(s) of drug action, the proposed mechanisms and genetic basis of resistance, and the prospects for future control of liver fluke infections using an integrated parasite management (IPM) approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane M Kelley
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences and Centre for AgriBioscience, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Travis Beddoe
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences and Centre for AgriBioscience, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Philip Skuce
- Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, Midlothian, UK
| | - Terry W Spithill
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences and Centre for AgriBioscience, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia.
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Norizuki M, Sasahara T, Gomi H, Morisawa Y, Takamura N, Kenzaka T, Kobayashi T, Fujiya Y, Kato Y, Matsuoka H. A Case of Fascioliasis Treated Successfully Without Sequelae in a Japanese Expatriate Living in Jakarta. Clin Med Insights Case Rep 2015; 8:61-3. [PMID: 26309420 PMCID: PMC4533845 DOI: 10.4137/ccrep.s26578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A 46-year-old Japanese female expatriate living in Jakarta presented with intermittent fever lasting for a month. Although she was considered at low risk of Fasciola spp. infection because she lived in an upper-class residential area of the city, the patient presented with eosinophilia after consuming organic raw vegetables; in addition, contrast-enhanced computed tomography detected microabscesses in a tractlike pattern in the liver. These findings led to an early diagnosis of fascioliasis, which was successfully treated without sequelae. In any patient with a history of consuming raw vegetables, fascioliasis should be suspected regardless of where the patient has lived.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masataro Norizuki
- Center for Clinical Infectious Diseases, Jichi Medical University Hospital, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Teppei Sasahara
- Department of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Harumi Gomi
- Center for Global Health, Mito Kyodo General Hospital, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yuji Morisawa
- Center for Clinical Infectious Diseases, Jichi Medical University Hospital, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Noriko Takamura
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University Hospital, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Tsuneaki Kenzaka
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University Hospital, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Kobayashi
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Fujiya
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Kato
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Matsuoka
- Division of Medical Zoology, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
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Ortiz P, Castope N, Cabrera M, Farias C, Suarez G, Lanusse C, Alvarez L. Pharmacokinetic evaluation of different generic triclabendazole formulations in heifers. N Z Vet J 2014; 62:279-85. [PMID: 24861276 DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2014.925411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To assess the comparative drug systemic exposure of a reference (RF) and four test (Test I, Test II, Test III and Test IV) formulations of triclabendazole (TCBZ) in heifers. METHODS Thirty Holstein heifers were randomly distributed into five groups (n=6 per group). Animals in the RF group received the reference formulation (Fasinex), and those in the other groups received different commercially available TCBZ formulations (Test I, Test II, Test III and Test IV). All treatments were orally administered at 12 mg/kg bodyweight. The concentrations of TCBZ metabolites in plasma between 0 and 168 hours after treatment were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). RESULTS Triclabendazole sulphoxide (TCBZ.SO) and TCBZ-sulphone (TCBZ.SO₂) were the only analytes recovered in plasma. Only the Test I formulation did not differ from the RF for all pharmacokinetic parameters measured for either metabolite (p>0.8). The TCBZ.SO area under the concentration vs. time curve for Test II formulation (268.9 µg.h/mL) was lower, and for Test III (619.9 µg.h/mL) and Test IV (683.4 µg.h/mL) was higher, than the RF (418.1 µg.h/mL) (p<0.005). CONCLUSION Based on the currently available bioequivalence criteria, the only test formulation under evaluation that could be considered equivalent to the RF was the Test I formulation, which demonstrated an equivalent systemic exposure for the active TCBZ.SO metabolite. This comparison of TCBZ pioneer and test formulations in cattle raises awareness of the need for further quality control for drug approval in the veterinary pharmaceutical field in many regions of the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ortiz
- a Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias , Universidad Nacional de Cajamarca , Cajamarca , Perú
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Lorsuwannarat N, Piedrafita D, Chantree P, Sansri V, Songkoomkrong S, Bantuchai S, Sangpairot K, Kueakhai P, Changklungmoa N, Chaichanasak P, Chansela P, Sobhon P. The in vitro anthelmintic effects of plumbagin on newly excysted and 4-weeks-old juvenile parasites of Fasciola gigantica. Exp Parasitol 2013; 136:5-13. [PMID: 24157317 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2013.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Revised: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The effect of plumbagin (PB, 5-hydroxy-2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone) against newly excysted juveniles (NEJs) and 4-weeks-old immature parasites of Fasciola gigantica were compared with triclabendazole (TCZ). The anthelmintic efficacy of 1, 10 and 100μg/ml of PB or TCZ following incubation in vitro for 1-24h was compared using a combination of relative motility (RM), survival index (SI) and larval migration inhibition (LMI) assays for parasite viability. The RM and SI values of the PB-treated group decreased at a more rapid rate than the TCZ-treated group. For NEJs, the decreased RM values were first observed at 1h incubation with 1μg/ml PB, and 90% of flukes were killed at 24h. In contrast, in TCZ-treated groups a 10-fold higher concentration of TCZ (10μg/ml) resulted in only 9% dead parasites after 24h incubation. In 4-weeks-old juvenile parasites, PB reduced the RM value at 10μg/ml with 100% of flukes dead after 3h, while TCZ decreased RM values at the concentration of 100μg/ml but with only 5% of flukes killed at 24h. NEJs treated with PB exhibited 88%, 99% and 100% of LMIs at the concentrations of 1, 10 and 100μg/ml, respectively. NEJs incubated with TCZ have an LMI of only 32% at the highest concentration of 100μg/ml. Similarly PB had a significantly greater killing of immature 4weeks juvenile stages than TCZ at all concentrations; however, 4-weeks-old juvenile parasites were more resistant to killing by PB or TCZ at all concentrations when compared to NEJs. Further studies were carried out to investigate the alterations of the parasite tegument by scanning electron microscope (SEM). PB caused similar tegumental alterations in 4-weeks-old juveniles as those observed in TCZ treatment but with greater damage at comparative time points, comprising of swelling, blebbing and rupture of the tegument, loss of spines, and eventual erosion, lesion and desquamation of the total tegument. These data indicate that PB had a greater fasciolicidal effect against immature stages of F. gigantica parasites than TCZ and warrant further studies for use as a potential new anthelmintic against Fasciola infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natcha Lorsuwannarat
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
| | - David Piedrafita
- School of Applied Sciences and Engineering, Monash University, Churchill, Victoria 3842, Australia
| | - Pathanin Chantree
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Veerawat Sansri
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Sineenart Songkoomkrong
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Sirasate Bantuchai
- Mahidol Vivax Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Ratchawithi Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Kant Sangpairot
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Pornanan Kueakhai
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand(d)
| | - Narin Changklungmoa
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand(d)
| | - Pannigan Chaichanasak
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mahanakorn University of Technology, 140 Cheum-Sampan Road, Nong Chok, Bangkok 10530, Thailand
| | - Piyachat Chansela
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Prasert Sobhon
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
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33
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Power C, Danaher M, Sayers R, O'Brien B, Clancy C, Furey A, Jordan K. Investigation of the migration of triclabendazole residues to milk products manufactured from bovine milk, and stability therein, following lactating cow treatment. J Dairy Sci 2013; 96:6223-32. [PMID: 23932132 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2013-7016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Triclabendazole (TCB) is a flukicide used in the treatment of liver fluke in cattle; however, its use is currently prohibited in lactating dairy cows. In this study, following administration of 10% Fasinex (triclabendazole, Novartis Animal Health UK Ltd., Camberley, UK) the milk of 6 animals was used to manufacture dairy products, to ascertain if TCB residues in milk migrate into dairy products. The detection limit of the ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method used was 0.67 μg/kg. The highest concentrations of TCB residue measured, within the individual cow milk yield, was 1,529 ± 244 µg/kg (n=6), on d 2 posttreatment. Days 2 and 23 posttreatment represented high and low residue concentrations, respectively. At each of these 2 time points, the milk was pooled into 2 independent aliquots and refrigerated. Milk products, including cheese, butter, and skim milk powder were manufactured using pasteurized and unpasteurized milk from each aliquot. The results for high residue milks demonstrated that TCB residues concentrated in the cheese by a factor of 5 (5,372 vs. 918 µg/kg for cheese vs. milk) compared with the starting milk. Residue concentrations are the sum of TCB and its metabolites, expressed as keto-TCB. Residues were concentrated in the butter by a factor of 9 (9,177 vs. 1,082 μg/kg for butter vs. milk) compared with the starting milk. For milk, which was separated to skim milk and cream fractions, the residues were concentrated in the cream. Once skim milk powder was manufactured from the skim milk fraction, the residue in powder was concentrated 15-fold compared with the starting skim milk (7,252 vs. 423 µg/kg for powder vs. skim milk), despite the high temperature (185 °C) required during powder manufacture. For products manufactured from milk with low residue concentrations at d 23 posttreatment, TCB residues were detected in butter, cheese, and skim milk powder, even though there was no detectable residue in the milk used to manufacture these products. Triclabendazole residues were concentrated in some milk products (despite manufacturing treatments), exceeding residue levels in the starting milk and, depending on the storage conditions, may be relatively stable over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Power
- Food Safety Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland; Team Elucidate, Department of Chemistry, Cork Institute of Technology, Bishopstown, Cork, Ireland
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Kyung SY, Cho YK, Kim YJ, Park JW, Jeong SH, Lee JI, Sung YM, Lee SP. A paragonimiasis patient with allergic reaction to praziquantel and resistance to triclabendazole: successful treatment after desensitization to praziquantel. Korean J Parasitol 2011; 49:73-7. [PMID: 21461273 PMCID: PMC3063930 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2011.49.1.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2010] [Revised: 12/06/2010] [Accepted: 12/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Paragonimiasis is an infectious disease caused by trematodes of the genus Paragonimus. This trematode can be treated successfully with praziquantel in more than 90% of the cases. Although praziquantel is generally well tolerated, anaphylactic reactions to this drug have been reported in a few cases. We report here a 46-year-old Korean female with paragonimiasis, presumed to be due to Paragonimus westermani, who displayed an allergic reaction to praziquantel and resistance to triclabendazole treatment. The patient was successfully treated with praziquantel following a rapid desensitization procedure. Desensitization to praziquantel could be considered when no alternative drugs are available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Young Kyung
- Department of Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon 405-760, Korea
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