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Fukai M, Sakamoto S, Shibata K, Ishikawa T, Kawamura N, Fujiyoshi M, Fujiyoshi S, Nakamura K, Bochimoto H, Shimada S, Shimamura T, Taketomi A. Important Constituents of Heavy Water-containing Solution for Cold Storage and Subsequent Reperfusion on an Isolated Perfused Rat Liver. Transplant Proc 2024; 56:223-227. [PMID: 38199859 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2023.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The University of Wisconsin (UW) solution is the most effective preservation solution currently used; however, to safely use expanded-criteria donor grafts, a new cold storage solution that alleviates graft injury more effectively is required. We prepared a heavy water (D2O)-containing buffer, Dsol, and observed strong protective effects during extended cold storage of rat hearts and livers. In the current study, we modified Dsol (mDsol) and tested its efficacy. The aim of the present study was to determine whether mDsol could protect the rat liver more effectively than the UW solution and to clarify the roles of D2O and deferoxamine (DFX). Rat livers were subjected to cold storage for 48 hours in test solutions: UW, mDsol, mDsol without D2O or DFX (mDsol-D2O[-], mDsol-DFX[-]), and subsequently reperfused on an isolated perfused rat liver for 90 minutes at 37°C. In the UW group, the liver was dehydrated during cold storage and rapidly expanded during reperfusion. Accordingly, the cumulative weight change was the highest in the UW group, together with augmented portal veinous resistance and ALT leakage and decreased oxygen consumption rate and bile production. These changes were significantly suppressed in the mDsol-treated group. In the mDsol-D2O(-) and mDsol-DFX(-) groups offered partial protection. In conclusion, mDsol appeared to be superior to the UW solution for simple cold storage of the rat liver, presumably due to improved microcirculation in the early phase of reperfusion. Both heavy water and deferoxamine are essential for alleviating seamless organ swelling that occurs during cold storage and subsequent reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moto Fukai
- Gastroenterological Surgery 1, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Sodai Sakamoto
- Gastroenterological Surgery 1, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kengo Shibata
- Gastroenterological Surgery 1, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takahisa Ishikawa
- Gastroenterological Surgery 1, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Norio Kawamura
- Department of Transplant Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masato Fujiyoshi
- Gastroenterological Surgery 1, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Sunao Fujiyoshi
- Gastroenterological Surgery 1, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kosei Nakamura
- Gastroenterological Surgery 1, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Bochimoto
- Department of Cell Physiology, The Jikei University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shingo Shimada
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic and Transplant Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Shimamura
- Division of Organ Transplantation, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akinobu Taketomi
- Gastroenterological Surgery 1, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Transplant Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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Otani M, Ishii D, Iwata H, Satake Y, Okada Y, Toriumi A, Imamura M, Nishikawa Y, Matsuno N. Preservation Efficacy of a Quercetin and Sucrose Solution for Warm Ischemically Damaged Porcine Liver Grafts. Transplant Proc 2023; 55:2212-2217. [PMID: 37770367 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2023.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The University of Wisconsin (UW) solution is the gold standard for preserving the liver, kidneys, and pancreas. For renal preservation, the addition of the flavonoid, quercetin (QE), to the preservation solution reduces damage to renal tubular cells, and the addition of sucrose (Suc) is also beneficial for preservation. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of QE and Suc on porcine livers in terms of warm and cold injury and to evaluate whether their use improves ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury after simple cold storage (CS). METHODS We tested porcine livers procured after 30 minutes of warm ischemia followed by preservation for 6 hours under the following 2 conditions: group 1, preserved with the CS/UW solution (n = 4); group 2, preserved with the CS/UW solution containing Que 33.1 μM and Suc 0.1 M (n = 6). All livers were evaluated using an ex vivo isolated liver reperfusion model with saline-diluted autologous blood. RESULTS Aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase levels in group 2 were significantly lower at 30 minutes of reperfusion than in group 1. Furthermore, histologic evaluation by hematoxylin and eosin staining showed significantly fewer morphologic changes in group 2 than in group 1, as indicated by the total Suzuki score. Group 2 also had significantly better scores for sinusoidal congestion and hepatocyte cytoplasmic vacuolization. CONCLUSION Adding Que and Suc to the UW solution can effectively prevent cold injury in livers donated after circulatory death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahide Otani
- Department of Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka higashi 2-1-1, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan; Department of Development of Transplantation Technology, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka higashi 2-1-1, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan.
| | - Daisuke Ishii
- Department of Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka higashi 2-1-1, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan; Department of Development of Transplantation Technology, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka higashi 2-1-1, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Iwata
- Department of Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka higashi 2-1-1, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan; Department of Development of Transplantation Technology, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka higashi 2-1-1, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshiyasu Satake
- Department of Development of Transplantation Technology, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka higashi 2-1-1, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan
| | - Yoko Okada
- Department of Development of Transplantation Technology, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka higashi 2-1-1, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan
| | - Asuka Toriumi
- Department of Development of Transplantation Technology, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka higashi 2-1-1, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan
| | - Masashi Imamura
- Business Planning Division, Healthcare Business Headquarters, Ishihara Sangyo Kaisha, Ltd., 3-15, Edobori 1-chome, Nishi-ku, Osaka 550-0002, Japan
| | - Yuji Nishikawa
- Department of Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka higashi 2-1-1, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan
| | - Naoto Matsuno
- Department of Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka higashi 2-1-1, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan; Department of Development of Transplantation Technology, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka higashi 2-1-1, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan
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Savane P, Belmokhtar N, Delile A, Boizot N, Ridel C, Lelu-Walter MA, Teyssier C. Characterization of hybrid larch somatic embryo maturation by biochemical analyses and by a novel, fast mid-infrared approach. Physiol Plant 2023; 175:e13966. [PMID: 37365151 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The morphology of somatic embryos (SE) is not a sufficient criterion to determine the level of maturation and the optimal stage to transfer embryos for germination, unlike the biochemical components. This composition characterization in the laboratory is too restrictive to be considered at each maturation cycle, as would be necessary. It is, therefore, essential to consider alternative methods. The objectives of this work were to achieve a complete biochemical characterization of the embryos during their development, to serve as a reference and develop a characterization based on infrared spectrometry and chemometrics. During the precotyledonary stage (0-3 weeks of maturation), water content and glucose and fructose levels were high, which is consistent with SE development. After 4 weeks, the cotyledonary SE had a metabolism oriented towards the storage accumulation of lipids, proteins and starch, whereas raffinose only appeared from 8 weeks. Mid-infrared calibration models were developed for water, proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, glucose, fructose, inositols, raffinose, stachyose and starch contents with an r2 average of 0.84. A model was also developed to discriminate the weeks of SE maturation. Different classes of age were discriminated with at least 72% of accuracy. Infrared analysis of the SE based on their full biochemical spectral fingerprint revealed a very slight variation in composition between 7 and 9 weeks, information that is very difficult to obtain by conventional analysis methods. These results provide novel insights into the maturation of conifer SE and indicate that mid-infrared spectrometry could be an easy and effective method for SE characterization.
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Buranaamnuay K, Aiemongkot S, Changsangfa C, Svasti S. The effect of cryopreservation media on the quality of β-thalassemia mouse spermatozoa. Open Vet J 2022; 12:602-611. [PMID: 36589404 PMCID: PMC9789754 DOI: 10.5455/ovj.2022.v12.i5.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The mouse model of human diseases is commonly used for biomedical study, including β-thalassemia (β-thal), an inherited hemoglobin disorder. Maintaining the mice strain by natural mating systems is costly and seems impractical, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sperm-freezing is a cost-effective solution for β-thal mouse colony management. Aim To determine appropriate cryopreservation media for β-thal mouse spermatozoa to establish a β-thal mouse sperm bank. Methods The epididymal spermatozoa of C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) and β-globin gene knockout thalassemia (BKO) mice were frozen in four freezing media: I) raffinose-skim milk-monothioglycerol (MTG), II) raffinose-skim milk-glutamine, III) raffinose-egg yolk-glycerol, and IV) egg yolk-TES-Tris. The sperm quality was assessed prior to and following freeze-thawing. Results Compared with WT counterparts, the viable spermatozoa before freezing exhibiting elevated levels of oxidative stress were significantly greater in BKO (p = 0.01). After thawing, the membrane integrity of BKO spermatozoa preserved in I was significantly lower (p = 0.001). The sperm viability and membrane integrity of BKO males were also inferior when media III and IV were used (p = 0.008-0.027). The amount of oxidative stress in the spermatozoon of BKO mice was significantly greater when preserved in I, III, and IV (p = 0.002-0.044). Comparing freezing media, the motility and acrosome integrity of WT and BKO spermatozoa preserved in IV were significantly higher than those in other media (p < 0.001 to p = 0.01). Spermatozoa with the highest mitochondrial membrane potential were observed in I in both genotypes (p = 0.012 to p > 0.05). The viability, membrane integrity, and oxidative stress of post-thaw BKO spermatozoa did not significantly differ among freezing solutions. Conclusion Irrespective of freezing media, spermatozoa of BKO males are rather more sensitive to cryopreservation than those of WT. Raffinose-skim milk-MTG/glutamine, raffinose-egg yolk-glycerol, and egg yolk-TES-Tris can all be used to preserve BKO mouse spermatozoa. However, with slightly better sperm characteristics, egg yolk-TES-Tris may be a diluent of choice for BKO mouse sperm cryopreservation. The addition of a reducing agent to thawing media is also strongly recommended to efficiently prevent oxidative stress and therefore improve frozen-thawed sperm survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kakanang Buranaamnuay
- Molecular Agricultural Biosciences Cluster, Institute of Molecular Biosciences (MB), Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Suparada Aiemongkot
- Thalassemia Research Center (TRC), Institute of Molecular Biosciences (MB), Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Chinarat Changsangfa
- Office of Research and Innovation Affair, Institute of Molecular Biosciences (MB), Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Saovaros Svasti
- Thalassemia Research Center (TRC), Institute of Molecular Biosciences (MB), Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
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Coskun A, Yegen C, Arbak S, Attaallah W, Gunal O, Elmas MA, Ucal Y, Can O, Baş B, Yildirim Z, Seckin I, Demirci S, Serteser M, Ozpinar A, Belce A, Basdemir G, Moldur DE, Derelioglu EI, Yozgatli TK, Erdemgil Y, Unsal I. Melatonin in preservation solutions prevents ischemic injury in rat kidneys. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0273921. [PMID: 36044512 PMCID: PMC9432748 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Transplantation is lifesaving and the most effective treatment for end-stage organ failure. The transplantation success depends on the functional preservation of organs prior to transplantation. Currently, the University of Wisconsin (UW) and histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate (HTK) are the most commonly used preservation solutions. Despite intensive efforts, the functional preservation of solid organs prior to transplantation is limited to hours. In this study, we modified the UW solution containing components from both the UW and HTK solutions and analyzed their tissue-protective effect against ischemic injury. The composition of the UW solution was changed by reducing hydroxyethyl starch concentration and adding Histidine/Histidine-HCl which is the main component of HTK solution. Additionally, the preservation solutions were supplemented with melatonin and glucosamine. The protective effects of the preservation solutions were assessed by biochemical and microscopical analysis at 2, 10, 24, and 72 h after preserving the rat kidneys with static cold storage. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in preservation solutions was measured at 2, 10, 24, and 72. It was not detectable at 2 h of preservation in all groups and 10 h of preservation in modified UW+melatonin (mUW-m) and modified UW+glucosamine (mUW-g) groups. At the 72nd hour, the lowest LDH activity (0.91 IU/g (0.63–1.17)) was measured in the mUW-m group. In comparison to the UW group, histopathological damage score was low in modified UW (mUW), mUW-m, and mUW-g groups at 10, 24, and 72 hours. The mUW-m solution at low temperature was an effective and suitable solution to protect renal tissue for up to 72 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdurrahman Coskun
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
- Acibadem Labmed Clinical Laboratories, Istanbul, Turkey
- * E-mail:
| | - Cumhur Yegen
- Department of General Surgery, Marmara University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serap Arbak
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Wafi Attaallah
- Department of General Surgery, Marmara University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Omer Gunal
- Department of General Surgery, Marmara University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Merve Acikel Elmas
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Ucal
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozge Can
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Medical Engineering, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Banu Baş
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Yildirim
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ismail Seckin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sibel Demirci
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Biruni University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Serteser
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
- Acibadem Labmed Clinical Laboratories, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aysel Ozpinar
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Belce
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Biruni University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gulcin Basdemir
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Derya Emel Moldur
- Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | | | - Yigit Erdemgil
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Unsal
- Acibadem Labmed Clinical Laboratories, Istanbul, Turkey
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Ham SY, Kim HS, Cha E, Lim T, Byun Y, Park HD. Raffinose Inhibits Streptococcus mutans Biofilm Formation by Targeting Glucosyltransferase. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0207621. [PMID: 35575506 PMCID: PMC9241737 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02076-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus mutans is a representative biofilm-forming bacterium that causes dental caries through glucosyltransferase (GTF) activity. Glucans are synthesized from sucrose by GTFs and provide binding sites for S. mutans to adhere tightly to the tooth enamel. Therefore, if a novel compound that interferes with GTF function is developed, biofilm formation control in S. mutans would be possible. We discovered that raffinose, an oligosaccharide from natural products, strongly inhibited biofilm formation, GTF-related gene expression, and glucan production. Furthermore, biofilm inhibition on saliva-coated hydroxyapatite discs through the reduction of bacterial adhesion indicated the applicability of raffinose in oral health. These effects of raffinose appear to be due to its ability to modulate GTF activity in S. mutans. Hence, raffinose may be considered an antibiofilm agent for use as a substance for oral supplies and dental materials to prevent dental caries. IMPORTANCE Dental caries is the most prevalent infectious disease and is expensive to manage. Dental biofilms can be eliminated via mechanical treatment or inhibited using antibiotics. However, bacteria that are not entirely removed or are resistant to antibiotics can still form biofilms. In this study, we found that raffinose inhibited biofilm formation by S. mutans, a causative agent of dental caries, possibly through binding to GtfC. Our findings support the notion that biofilm inhibition by raffinose can be exerted by interference with GTF function, compensating for the shortcomings of existing commercialized antibiofilm methods. Furthermore, raffinose is an ingredient derived from natural products and can be safely utilized in humans; it has no smell and tastes sweet. Therefore, raffinose, which can control S. mutans biofilm formation, has been suggested as a substance for oral supplies and dental materials to prevent dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Young Ham
- School of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Han-Shin Kim
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, South Korea
| | - Eunji Cha
- School of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Taehyeung Lim
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong, South Korea
| | - Youngjoo Byun
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong, South Korea
- Biomedical Research Center, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hee-Deung Park
- School of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
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Khan M, Hu J, Dahro B, Ming R, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Alhag A, Li C, Liu JH. ERF108 from Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf. functions in cold tolerance by modulating raffinose synthesis through transcriptional regulation of PtrRafS. Plant J 2021; 108:705-724. [PMID: 34398993 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Ethylene-responsive factors (ERFs) are plant-specific transcription factors involved in cold stress response, and raffinose is known to accumulate in plants exposed to cold. However, it remains elusive whether ERFs function in cold tolerance by modulating raffinose synthesis. Here, we identified a cold-responsive PtrERF108 from trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.), a cold-tolerant plant closely related to citrus. PtrERF108 is localized in the nucleus and has transcriptional activation activity. Overexpression of PtrERF108 conferred enhanced cold tolerance of transgenic lemon, whereas virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS)-mediated knockdown of PtrERF108 in trifoliate orange greatly elevated cold sensitivity. Transcriptome profiling showed that PtrERF108 overexpression caused extensive reprogramming of genes associated with signaling transduction, physiological processes and metabolic pathways. Among them, a raffinose synthase (RafS)-encoding gene, PtrRafS, was confirmed as a direct target of PtrERF108. RafS activity and raffinose content were significantly increased in PtrERF108-overexpressing transgenic plants, but prominently decreased in the VIGS plants under cold conditions. Meanwhile, exogenous replenishment of raffinose could recover the cold tolerance of PtrERF108-silenced plants, whereas VIGS-mediated knockdown of PtrRafS resulted in cold-sensitive phenotype. Taken together, the current results demonstrate that PtrERF108 plays a positive role in cold tolerance by modulation of raffinose synthesis via regulating PtrRafS. Our findings reveal a new transcriptional module composed of ERF108-RafS underlying cold-induced raffinose accumulation in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madiha Khan
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jianbing Hu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Bachar Dahro
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ruhong Ming
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ahmed Alhag
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chunlong Li
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ji-Hong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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Zheng H, Su Y, Zhu C, Quan D, Skaro AI, McAlister V, Lacefield JC, Jiang J, Xue P, Wang Y, Zheng X. An Addition of U0126 Protecting Heart Grafts From Prolonged Cold Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Heart Transplantation: A New Preservation Strategy. Transplantation 2021; 105:308-317. [PMID: 32776778 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000003402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is the major cause of primary graft dysfunction in organ transplantation. The mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway plays a crucial role in cell physiological and pathological processes including IRI. This study aims to investigate whether inhibition of ERK signaling with U0126 can prevent prolonged cold IRI in heart transplantation. METHODS Rat cardiac cell line H9c2 cells were treated with U0126 before exposure to hypothermic hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) conditions. The effect of U0126 on H9c2 cells in response to H/R stress was determined by measuring cell death, reactive oxygen species production, mitochondrial membrane potential, and ERK signaling activation. Mouse syngeneic heterotopic heart transplantation was conducted, where a donor heart was preserved in the University of Wisconsin (UW) solution supplemented with U0126 for 24 hours at 4°C before transplantation. Heart graft function, histopathologic changes, apoptosis, and fibrosis were measured to assess IRI. RESULTS Phosphorylated ERK was increased in both in vitro H/R-injured H9c2 cells and in vivo heart grafts with IRI. Pretreatment with U0126 inhibited ERK phosphorylation and prevented H9c2 cells from cell death, reactive oxygen species generation, and mitochondrial membrane potential loss in response to H/R. Preservation of donor hearts with U0126-supplemented solution improved graft function and reduced IRI by reductions in cell apoptosis/death, neutrophil infiltration, and fibrosis of the graft. CONCLUSIONS Addition of U0126 to UW solution reduces ERK signal activation and attenuates prolonged cold IRI in a heart transplantation model. ERK inhibition with U0126 may be a useful strategy to minimize IRI in organ transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yale Su
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Cuilin Zhu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Douglas Quan
- Department of Surgery, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada
| | - Anton I Skaro
- Department of Surgery, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada
| | - Vivian McAlister
- Department of Surgery, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada
| | - James C Lacefield
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
| | - Jifu Jiang
- Department of Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada
| | - Peng Xue
- College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yefu Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Xiufen Zheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
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9
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Mao M, Chang CC, Pickar-Oliver A, Cervia LD, Wang L, Ji J, Liton PB, Gersbach CA, Yuan F. Redirecting Vesicular Transport to Improve Nonviral Delivery of Molecular Cargo. Adv Biosyst 2020; 4:e2000059. [PMID: 33179869 PMCID: PMC7747957 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202000059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Cell engineering relies heavily on viral vectors for the delivery of molecular cargo into cells due to their superior efficiency compared to nonviral ones. However, viruses are immunogenic and expensive to manufacture, and have limited delivery capacity. Nonviral delivery approaches avoid these limitations but are currently inefficient for clinical applications. This work demonstrates that the efficiency of nonviral delivery of plasmid DNA, mRNA, Sleeping Beauty transposon, and ribonucleoprotein can be significantly enhanced through pretreatment of cells with the nondegradable sugars (NDS), such as sucrose, trehalose, and raffinose. The enhancement is mediated by the incorporation of the NDS into cell membranes, causing enlargement of lysosomes and formation of large (>500 nm) amphisome-like bodies (ALBs). The changes in subcellular structures redirect transport of cargo to ALBs rather than to lysosomes, reducing cargo degradation in cells. The data indicate that pretreatment of cells with NDS is a promising approach to improve nonviral cargo delivery in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Mao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Chun-Chi Chang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Adrian Pickar-Oliver
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
- Center for Advanced Genomic Technologies, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Lisa D Cervia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Liangli Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Jing Ji
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Paloma B Liton
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Charles A Gersbach
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
- Center for Advanced Genomic Technologies, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Fan Yuan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
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10
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Boteon APCS, Schlegel A, Kalisvaart M, Boteon YL, Abradelo M, Mergental H, Roberts JK, Mirza DF, Perera MTPR, Isaac JR, Muiesan P. Retrieval Practice or Overall Donor and Recipient Risk: What Impacts on Outcomes After Donation After Circulatory Death Liver Transplantation in the United Kingdom? Liver Transpl 2019; 25:545-558. [PMID: 30919560 DOI: 10.1002/lt.25410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Parameters of retrieval surgery are meticulously documented in the United Kingdom, where up to 40% of livers are donation after circulatory death (DCD) donations. This retrospective analysis focuses on outcomes after transplantation of DCD livers, retrieved by different UK centers between 2011 and 2016. Donor and recipient risk factors and the donor retrieval technique were assessed. A total of 236 DCD livers from 9 retrieval centers with a median UK DCD risk score of 5 (low risk) to 7 points (high risk) were compared. The majority used University of Wisconsin solution for aortic flush with a median hepatectomy time of 27-44 minutes. The overall liver injury rate appeared relatively high (27.1%) with an observed tendency toward more retrieval injuries from centers performing a quicker hepatectomy. Among all included risk factors, the UK DCD risk score remained the best predictor for overall graft loss in the multivariate analysis (P < 0.001). In high-risk and futile donor-recipient combinations, the occurrence of liver retrieval injuries had negative impact on graft survival (P = 0.023). Expectedly, more ischemic cholangiopathies (P = 0.003) were found in livers transplanted with a higher cumulative donor-recipient risk. Although more biliary complications with subsequent graft loss were found in high-risk donor-recipient combinations, the impact of the standardized national retrieval practice on outcomes after DCD liver transplantation was minimal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda P C S Boteon
- The Liver Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham National Health Service Foundation Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Schlegel
- The Liver Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham National Health Service Foundation Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre and Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Marit Kalisvaart
- The Liver Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham National Health Service Foundation Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Yuri L Boteon
- The Liver Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham National Health Service Foundation Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre and Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Manuel Abradelo
- The Liver Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham National Health Service Foundation Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Hynek Mergental
- The Liver Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham National Health Service Foundation Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre and Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - J Keith Roberts
- The Liver Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham National Health Service Foundation Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre and Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Darius F Mirza
- The Liver Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham National Health Service Foundation Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre and Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Department of Liver Surgery, Birmingham Children's Hospital National Health Service Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - M Thamara P R Perera
- The Liver Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham National Health Service Foundation Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Department of Liver Surgery, Birmingham Children's Hospital National Health Service Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - John R Isaac
- The Liver Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham National Health Service Foundation Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Department of Liver Surgery, Birmingham Children's Hospital National Health Service Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Paolo Muiesan
- The Liver Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham National Health Service Foundation Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre and Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Department of Liver Surgery, Birmingham Children's Hospital National Health Service Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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11
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Berrocoso JD, Kida R, Singh AK, Kim YS, Jha R. Effect of in ovo injection of raffinose on growth performance and gut health parameters of broiler chicken. Poult Sci 2018; 96:1573-1580. [PMID: 27920191 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pew430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of in ovo injection of raffinose (RFO) as a prebiotic on growth performance, relative weight of proventriculus, gizzard, drumstick and breast muscles, and ileum mucosa morphology were examined in Cobb 500 broilers. A total of 240 fertilized eggs were divided into 4 groups: a non-injected with intact shell and 3 levels of RFO solution (1.5, 3.0, and 4.5 mg in 0.2 mL of an aqueous diluents). The RFO solution was injected into the air sac on d 12 of incubation. In total 144 birds were fed a standard diet and management and sacrificed at d 21 post hatch for collection of samples. Total RNA was extracted from the small intestine, and RT-qPCR was performed to quantify mRNA levels of marker genes of immune cells. Injection of RFO had no significant effect (P > 0.05) on d one body weight of chicks. On d 21, the relative weight of the proventriculus, drumstick, breast, and gizzard was not affected (P > 0.05) by RFO. On hatch d, the villus height increased linearly (P < 0.01) with an increasing dose of RFO. Also, an increasing dose of RFO increased the villus height and villus height:crypt depth ratio (P < 0.05) but did not affect the crypt depth on d 21. The expression levels of CD3 and chB6, which are T cell and B cell marker genes, respectively, were significantly enhanced by high dose RFO (4.5 mg). In conclusion, although an increasing dose of RFO in ovo injection did not significantly influence growth performance or slaughter yield of broilers, RFO has the potential of enhancing ileum mucosa morphology and improving immunity in the small intestine, which are indicators of improved gut health.
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12
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Bai G, Tsuruta T, Nishino N. Dietary soy, meat, and fish proteins modulate the effects of prebiotic raffinose on composition and fermentation of gut microbiota in rats. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018; 69:480-487. [PMID: 28958174 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2017.1382454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Soy, meat (mixture of pork and beef), and fish proteins were fed to rats with and without prebiotic raffinose (RAF), and the composition and fermentation of gut microbiota were examined. Bifidobacterium spp. populations were higher, and propionic acid concentration was lower in soy protein-fed than meat protein-fed rats. Likewise, Enterobacteriaceae populations were higher in fish protein-fed rats than other rats. RAF feeding increased Bifidobacterium spp. and decreased Faecalibacterium prausnitzii populations regardless of the dietary protein source. Interactions between dietary proteins and RAF were shown for Lactobacillus spp. and Clostridium perfringens group; the increase of Lactobacillus spp. populations by RAF was seen only for soy protein-fed rats, whereas the reduction of C. perfringens group by RAF was evident in fish and meat protein-fed rats. It is concluded that dietary proteins may differentially modulate the effects of prebiotic oligosaccharides on gut fermentation and microbiota, with differences observed between plant and animal proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaowa Bai
- a Department of Animal Science , Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, Okayama University , Okayama , Japan
| | - Takeshi Tsuruta
- a Department of Animal Science , Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, Okayama University , Okayama , Japan
| | - Naoki Nishino
- a Department of Animal Science , Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, Okayama University , Okayama , Japan
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13
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Zhang J, Liang Y, Ip FCF, Ip NY, Liu TT, Zhong BL, Xu SH. Two pairs of unusual melibiose and raffinose esters from Scrophularia ningpoensis. J Asian Nat Prod Res 2018; 20:255-262. [PMID: 28537094 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2017.1329301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A pair of unusual melibiose esters (1α/1β) and a pair of unusual raffinose esters (2α/2β), were isolated from Scrophularia ningpoensis. Structures of them were established by detailed spectroscopic analyses to be 6-O-(E)-cinnamoyl-α-d-galactopyranosyl-(1→6)-α(β)-d-glucopyranose (1α/1β) and 6-O-(E)/(Z)-cinnamoyl-α-d-galactopyranosyl-(1→6)-α-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-d-fructofuranose (2α/2β), respectively. All these compounds were evaluated for antifouling activity against the settlement of Balanus amphitrite larvae, along with the cytotoxic effect against the proliferation of HeLa cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- a National Engineering Research Center of Navel Orange, Gannan Normal University , Ganzhou 341000 , China
- b Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Hongkong 999077 , China
- c College of Science and Engineering, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632 , China
| | - Yan Liang
- a National Engineering Research Center of Navel Orange, Gannan Normal University , Ganzhou 341000 , China
- b Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Hongkong 999077 , China
| | - Fanny C F Ip
- b Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Hongkong 999077 , China
| | - Nancy Y Ip
- b Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Hongkong 999077 , China
| | - Ting-Ting Liu
- a National Engineering Research Center of Navel Orange, Gannan Normal University , Ganzhou 341000 , China
| | - Ba-Lian Zhong
- a National Engineering Research Center of Navel Orange, Gannan Normal University , Ganzhou 341000 , China
| | - Shi-Hai Xu
- c College of Science and Engineering, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632 , China
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14
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Pires DM, Corcini CD, de Silva AC, Gheller SM, Pereira FA, Pereira JR, Muelbert JR, Jardim RD, Garcia JR, Varela AS. Association Between DMSO and Sugars in the Sperm Cryopreservation of Pacu. Cryo Letters 2018; 39:121-130. [PMID: 29734421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED BACKGROUND: The cryopreservation protocol that has been developed exclusively for the preservation of the sperm of the species different. OBJECTIVE this study was to evaluate the effect of the association of 10% DMSO with trehalose, raffinose, sucrose and lactose concentrations on the sperm cells of Piaractus mesopotamicus. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sperms were collected from the animals through abdominal massage. The samples were diluted in the Beltsville Thawing Solution without different concentrations of other sugars (test conditions). Sixty days after the cryopreservation, cell movement analysis was performed using CASA. RESULTS The results revealed that the parameters for total motility and motility period were superior when 100mM raffinose (P <0.05). The lateral displacement of the head was observed to be improved was 100mM lactose, 150mM sucrose and 150mM raffinose (P <0.05) as compared to treatment wherein lactose (0mM) was omitted. CONCLUSION the results of our study indicated that the ideal parameters for cryopreservation, were obtained when the cryopreservation fluid contained 100mM raffinose in association with DMSO.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Pires
- Pos Graduaçao em Veterinaria, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPEL), Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - C D Corcini
- Pos Graduaçao em Veterinaria, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPEL), Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - A C de Silva
- Pos Graduaçao em Veterinaria, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPEL), Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - S Mm Gheller
- Pos Graduaçao em Veterinaria, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPEL), Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - F A Pereira
- Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, RS, Brasil
| | - J R Pereira
- Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, RS, Brasil
| | | | - R D Jardim
- Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, RS, Brasil
| | - J Re Garcia
- Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina (Unisul), Florianopolis, SC, Brasil
| | - A S Varela
- Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, RS, Brasil.
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15
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Chai YC, Dang GX, He HQ, Shi JH, Zhang HK, Zhang RT, Wang B, Hu LS, Lv Y. Hypothermic machine perfusion with metformin-University of Wisconsin solution for ex vivo preservation of standard and marginal liver grafts in a rat model. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:7221-7231. [PMID: 29142469 PMCID: PMC5677206 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i40.7221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To compare the effect of University of Wisconsin (UW) solution with or without metformin, an AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activator, for preserving standard and marginal liver grafts of young and aged rats ex vivo by hypothermic machine perfusion (HMP).
METHODS Eighteen young (4 mo old) and 18 aged (17 mo old) healthy male SD rats were selected and randomly divided into three groups: control group, UW solution perfusion group (UWP), and UW solution with metformin perfusion group (MUWP). Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), interleukin-18 (IL-18), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in the perfused liquid were tested. The expression levels of AMPK and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells were also examined. Additionally, microscopic evaluation of the harvested perfused liver tissue samples was done.
RESULTS AST, ALT, LDH, IL-18 and TNF-α levels in the young and aged liver-perfused liquid were, respectively, significantly lower in the MUWP group than in the UWP group (P < 0.05), but no significant differences were found between the young and aged MUWP groups. Metformin increased the expression of AMPK and eNOS protein levels, and promoted the extracellular release of nitric oxide through activation of the AMPK-eNOS mediated pathway. Histological examination revealed that in the MUWP group, the extent of liver cells and tissue damage was significantly reduced compared with the UWP group.
CONCLUSION The addition of metformin to the UW preservative solution for ex vivo HMP can reduce rat liver injury during cold ischemia, with significant protective effects on livers, especially of aged rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chao Chai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
- Institute of Advanced Surgical Techniques and Engineering, Regenerative Medicine and Surgery Engineering Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Guo-Xin Dang
- Institute of Advanced Surgical Techniques and Engineering, Regenerative Medicine and Surgery Engineering Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Vascular Surgery, the 521 Hospital of Ordnance Industry, Xi’an 710065, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Hai-Qi He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
- Institute of Advanced Surgical Techniques and Engineering, Regenerative Medicine and Surgery Engineering Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jian-Hua Shi
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
- Institute of Advanced Surgical Techniques and Engineering, Regenerative Medicine and Surgery Engineering Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Hong-Ke Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
- Institute of Advanced Surgical Techniques and Engineering, Regenerative Medicine and Surgery Engineering Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Rui-Tao Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Vascular Surgery, the 521 Hospital of Ordnance Industry, Xi’an 710065, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Liang-Shuo Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
- Institute of Advanced Surgical Techniques and Engineering, Regenerative Medicine and Surgery Engineering Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yi Lv
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
- Institute of Advanced Surgical Techniques and Engineering, Regenerative Medicine and Surgery Engineering Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
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16
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Bochimoto H, Matsuno N, Ishihara Y, Shonaka T, Koga D, Hira Y, Nishikawa Y, Furukawa H, Watanabe T. The ultrastructural characteristics of porcine hepatocytes donated after cardiac death and preserved with warm machine perfusion preservation. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186352. [PMID: 29023512 PMCID: PMC5638504 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of warm machine perfusion preservation of liver grafts donated after cardiac death on the intracellular three-dimensional ultrastructure of the organelles in hepatocytes remain unclear. Here we analyzed comparatively the ultrastructure of the endomembrane systems in porcine hepatocytes under warm ischemia and successive hypothermic and midthermic machine perfusion preservation, a type of the warm machine perfusion. Porcine liver grafts which had a warm ischemia time of 60 minutes were perfused for 4 hours with modified University of Wisconsin gluconate solution. Group A grafts were preserved with hypothermic machine perfusion preservation at 8°C constantly for 4 hours. Group B grafts were preserved with rewarming up to 22°C by warm machine perfusion preservation for 4 hours. An analysis of hepatocytes after 60 minutes of warm ischemia by scanning electron microscope revealed the appearance of abnormal vacuoles and invagination of mitochondria. In the hepatocytes preserved by subsequent hypothermic machine perfusion preservation, strongly swollen mitochondria were observed. In contrast, the warm machine perfusion preservation could preserve the functional appearance of mitochondria in hepatocytes. Furthermore, abundant vacuoles and membranous structures sequestrating cellular organelles like autophagic vacuoles were frequently observed in hepatocytes after warm machine perfusion preservation. In conclusion, the ultrastructure of the endomembrane systems in the hepatocytes of liver grafts changed in accordance with the temperature conditions of machine perfusion preservation. In addition, temperature condition of the machine perfusion preservation may also affect the condition of the hepatic graft attributed to autophagy systems, and consequently alleviate the damage of the hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Bochimoto
- Health Care Administration Center, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Naoto Matsuno
- Department of Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Yo Ishihara
- Department of Microscopic Anatomy and Cell Biology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Shonaka
- Department of Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Daisuke Koga
- Department of Microscopic Anatomy and Cell Biology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Hira
- Area of Functional Anatomy, Department of Nursing, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yuji Nishikawa
- Department of Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Furukawa
- Department of Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Watanabe
- Department of Microscopic Anatomy and Cell Biology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan
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Contractor HH, Johnson PR, Chadwick DR, Robertson GS, London NJ. The Effect of UW Solution and Its Components on the Collagenase Digestion of Human and Porcine Pancreas. Cell Transplant 2017; 4:615-9. [PMID: 8714783 DOI: 10.1177/096368979500400611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
University of Wisconsin (UW) solution is used extensively as a cold storage solution during the procurement and transport of the pancreas prior to islet isolation. However, it has been observed that UW inhibits the collagenase digestion phase of human but not porcine islet isolation, resulting in poor islet yields and islets of poor viability. The aim of this study was, therefore, to confirm this species difference and to determine which components of UW are responsible for the inhibition in the human. In the initial experiment, blocks of human and porcine pancreas (n = 7) were incubated in test tubes containing collagenase at a concentration of 4 mg/mL at 37°C dissolved in 4 mL of either Hanks' solution or UW. Every 5 min the tubes were manually shaken and the degree of tissue dissociation scored on a scale of + and +++. Our results confirm the inhibition of collagenase digestion in the human but not the pig. Using the same methodology, we then investigated the components of UW that were causing the observed inhibition in the human pancreas (n = 7). This time the collagenase was dissolved in individual or combinations of UW components. Using Hank's as a control, the results were then expressed as a median ratio. The components found to be most inhibitory were magnesium, the Na+/K+ ratio, hydroxyethyl starch (HES), and adenosine. Allopurinol in combination with either lactobionate or glutathione was markedly inhibitory (i.e., median ratio 1.8 and 1.9, respectively). The most inhibitory solution tested was a combination of the three components raffinose, glutathione, and lactobionate (median ratio 2.1). This combination was almost as inhibitory as UW itself (median ratio 2.7). These findings are essential for the development of effective cold-storage solutions for the human pancreas that do not inhibit the subsequent collagenase digestion phase of islet isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Contractor
- Department of Surgery, University of Leicester, Royal Infirmatory, UK
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18
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Bas M, Luther B, Knopf A, Suvorava T, Kojda G. Preservation of Endothelial and Smooth Muscle Function of Human Saphenous Vein Transplants. EXP CLIN TRANSPLANT 2016; 14:86-92. [PMID: 26862826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Methods for conservation and preservation of vascular grafts are often controversially discussed. Furthermore, immunologic monitoring or immunotherapy for allogeneic graft is not considered necessary in many cases. The present study was initiated to examine the cellular vitality and functional efficiency of vein transplant during preservation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-seven human vein segments (vena saphena magna) were stored after explant in University of Wisconsin solution or histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate solution at 4 °C. After 3, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours, vein functionality was tested. Ring segments were fixed by triangles in Krebs-Henseleit buffer. Contractile function was measured after addition of potassium chloride solution (80 mM) and phenylephrine (0.2, 2, or 20 μM). To investigate endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation, 1 μM acetylcholine was added. RESULTS Of 27 segments, 5 showed endothelium-dependent relaxation. Vasorelaxation continued for up to 48 hours after administration of acetylcholine in University of Wisconsin solution and for up to 24 hours in histidine-tryptophane-ketoglutarate solution. At 48 hours, potassium chloride solution-induced vasocontraction was 17% more effective than phenylephrine in University of Wisconsin solution. University of Wisconsin solution was significantly more effective than histidine-tryptophane-ketoglutarate solution in terms of preservation of phenylephrine (0.2, 2 μM)-induced vasocontraction. Phenylephrine (2 μM)-induced contraction was retained in University of Wisconsin solution after 24 hours by 81% and after 48 hours by 55%, with comparable results in histidine-tryptophane-ketoglutarate solution of only 62% and 34% after 24 and 48 hours. CONCLUSIONS At 48 hours, human saphenous vein transplants had better endothelium and smooth muscle function when preserved in University of Wisconsin solution versus histidine-tryptophane-ketoglutarate solution.
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MESH Headings
- Adenosine/pharmacology
- Allopurinol/pharmacology
- Cold Temperature
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects
- Endothelium, Vascular/transplantation
- Endothelium, Vascular/ultrastructure
- Glucose/pharmacology
- Glutathione/pharmacology
- Humans
- Insulin/pharmacology
- Mannitol/pharmacology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/transplantation
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/ultrastructure
- Organ Preservation Solutions/pharmacology
- Potassium Chloride/pharmacology
- Procaine/pharmacology
- Raffinose/pharmacology
- Saphenous Vein/drug effects
- Saphenous Vein/transplantation
- Saphenous Vein/ultrastructure
- Time Factors
- Tissue Preservation/methods
- Tissue and Organ Harvesting
- Vasoconstriction/drug effects
- Vasoconstrictor Agents/pharmacology
- Vasodilation/drug effects
- Vasodilator Agents/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Bas
- From the Clinic for Otorhinolaryngology, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Munich, Germany
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Jia JJ, Zhang J, Li JH, Chen XD, Jiang L, Zhou YF, He N, Xie HY, Zhou L, Zheng SS. Influence of perfusate on liver viability during hypothermic machine perfusion. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:8848-8857. [PMID: 26269674 PMCID: PMC4528027 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i29.8848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Revised: 04/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To optimize the perfusates used for hypothermic machine perfusion (HMP).
METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned randomly to three groups (n = 12 per group) that received either saline, University of Wisconsin cold-storage solution (UW) or histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate solution (HTK) as the perfusate. Each group was divided into two subgroups: static cold storage (SCS) and HMP (n = 6 per subgroup). The liver graft was retrieved according to the method described by Kamada. For the SCS group, the graft was directly placed into cold perfusate (0-4 °C) for 6 h after liver isolation while the portal vein of the graft was connected to the perfusion machine for the HMP group. Then the perfusates were collected at different time points for analysis of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels. Liver tissues were obtained for evaluation of histology, dry/wet weight (D/W) ratio, and malondialdehyde (MDA) and adenosine-triphosphate (ATP) levels. The portal vein pressure and velocity were monitored in real time in all HMP subgroups.
RESULTS: Comparison of HMP and SCS: Regardless of the perfusate, HMP improved the architecture of donor graft in reducing the congestion around sinusoids and central vein and maintaining sinusoid lining in morphology; HMP improved liver function in terms of ALT, AST and LDH, especially during the 3-6 h period (SCS vs HMP using saline: ALT3, 225.00 ± 105.62 vs 49.50 ± 18.50, P = 0.047; LDH3, 1362.17 ± 563.30 vs 325.75 ± 147.43, P = 0.041; UW: LDH6, 2880.14 ± 948.46 vs 2135.00 ± 174.27, P = 0.049; HTK, AST6, 307.50 ± 52.95 vs 185.20 ± 20.46, P = 0.041); HMP decreased MDA level (saline, 2.79 ± 0.30 vs 1.09 ± 0.09, P = 0.008; UW, 3.01 ± 0.77 vs 1.23 ± 0.68, P = 0.005; HTK, 3.30 ± 0.52 vs 1.56 ± 0.22, P = 0.006). Comparison among HMP subgroups: HTK showed less portal vein resistance than UW and saline (vs saline, 3.41 ± 0.49 vs 5.00 ± 0.38, P < 0.001; vs UW, 3.41 ± 0.49 vs 4.52 ± 0.63, P = 0.007); UW reduced edema most efficiently (vs saline, 0.68 ± 0.02 vs 0.79 ± 0.05, P = 0.013), while HTK maintained ATP levels best (vs saline, 622.60 ± 29.11 vs 327.43 ± 44.66, P < 0.001; vs UW, 622.60 ± 29.11 vs 301.80 ± 37.68, P < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: HMP is superior to SCS in maintaining both architecture and function of liver grafts. Further, HTK was found to be the optimal perfusate for HMP.
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Zaouali MA, Bejaoui M, Calvo M, Folch-Puy E, Pantazi E, Pasut G, Rimola A, Ben Abdennebi H, Adam R, Roselló-Catafau J. Polyethylene glycol rinse solution: An effective way to prevent ischemia-reperfusion injury. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:16203-16214. [PMID: 25473175 PMCID: PMC4239509 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i43.16203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Revised: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To test whether a new rinse solution containing polyethylene glycol 35 (PEG-35) could prevent ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in liver grafts.
METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rat livers were stored in University of Wisconsin preservation solution and then washed with different rinse solutions (Ringer’s lactate solution and a new rinse solution enriched with PEG-35 at either 1 or 5 g/L) before ex vivo perfusion with Krebs-Heinseleit buffer solution. We assessed the following: liver injury (transaminase levels), mitochondrial damage (glutamate dehydrogenase activity), liver function (bile output and vascular resistance), oxidative stress (malondialdehyde), nitric oxide, liver autophagy (Beclin-1 and LCB3) and cytoskeleton integrity (filament and globular actin fraction); as well as levels of metalloproteinases (MMP2 and MMP9), adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1).
RESULTS: When we used the PEG-35 rinse solution, reduced hepatic injury and improved liver function were noted after reperfusion. The PEG-35 rinse solution prevented oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, and liver autophagy. Further, it increased the expression of cytoprotective heat shock proteins such as HO-1 and HSP70, activated AMPK, and contributed to the restoration of cytoskeleton integrity after IRI.
CONCLUSION: Using the rinse solution containing PEG-35 was effective for decreasing liver graft vulnerability to IRI.
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Nieman DC, Scherr J, Luo B, Meaney MP, Dréau D, Sha W, Dew DA, Henson DA, Pappan KL. Influence of pistachios on performance and exercise-induced inflammation, oxidative stress, immune dysfunction, and metabolite shifts in cyclists: a randomized, crossover trial. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113725. [PMID: 25409020 PMCID: PMC4237504 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Pistachio nut ingestion (3 oz./d, two weeks) was tested for effects on exercise performance and 21-h post-exercise recovery from inflammation, oxidative stress, immune dysfunction, and metabolite shifts. METHODS Using a randomized, crossover approach, cyclists (N = 19) engaged in two 75-km time trials after 2-weeks pistachio or no pistachio supplementation, with a 2-week washout period. Subjects came to the lab in an overnight fasted state, and ingested water only or 3 oz. pistachios with water before and during exercise. Blood samples were collected 45 min pre-exercise, and immediately post-, 1.5-h post-, and 21-h post-exercise, and analyzed for plasma cytokines, C-reactive protein (CRP), F2-isoprostanes (F2-IsoP), granulocyte phagocytosis (GPHAG) and oxidative burst activity (GOBA), and shifts in metabolites. RESULTS Performance time for the 75-km time trial was 4.8% slower under pistachio conditions (2.84 ± 0.11 and 2.71 ± 0.07 h, respectively, P = 0.034). Significant time effects were shown for plasma cytokines, CRP, F2-IsoP, GPHAG, and GOBA, with few group differences. Metabolomics analysis revealed 423 detectable compounds of known identity, with significant interaction effects for 19 metabolites, especially raffinose, (12Z)-9,10-Dihydroxyoctadec-12-enoate (9,10-DiHOME), and sucrose. Dietary intake of raffinose was 2.19 ± 0.15 and 0.35 ± 0.08 mg/d during the pistachio and no pistachio periods, and metabolomics revealed that colon raffinose and sucrose translocated to the circulation during exercise due to increased gut permeability. The post-exercise increase in plasma raffinose correlated significantly with 9,10-DiHOME and other oxidative stress metabolites. CONCLUSIONS In summary, 2-weeks pistachio nut ingestion was associated with reduced 75-km cycling time trial performance and increased post-exercise plasma levels of raffinose, sucrose, and metabolites related to leukotoxic effects and oxidative stress. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01821820.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C. Nieman
- Appalachian State University, Human Performance Lab, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Johannes Scherr
- Department of Prevention and Sports Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Beibei Luo
- Department of Physiology, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Mary Pat Meaney
- Appalachian State University, Human Performance Lab, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, United States of America
| | - Didier Dréau
- Charlotte Research Institute & Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, NC, United States of America
| | - Wei Sha
- Bioinformatics Services Division, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, United States of America
| | - Dustin A. Dew
- Appalachian State University, Human Performance Lab, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, United States of America
| | - Dru A. Henson
- Department of Biology, Immunology Laboratory, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC, United States of America
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Akbulut S, Sevmis S, Karakayali H, Bayraktar N, Unlukaplan M, Oksuz E, Dagdeviren A. Amifostine enhances the antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of UW and HTK preservation solutions. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:12292-12300. [PMID: 25232264 PMCID: PMC4161815 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i34.12292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Revised: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate whether amifostine contributes to the antioxidant and cytoprotective effects of histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate (HTK) and University of Wisconsin (UW) preservation solutions.
METHODS: Forty-eight Sprague Dawley male rats were equally divided into six groups: (1) ringer Lactate (RL) group; (2) RL + amifostine (RL + A) group; (3) HTK group; (4) HTK + A group; (5) UW group; and (6) UW + A group. Rats in the RL + A, HTK + A and UW + A groups were administered amifostine intraperitoneally at a dose of 200 mg/kg prior to laparotomy. The RL group was perfused with RL into the portal vein. The RL + A group were perfused with RL into the portal vein after amifostine administration. The HTK group received an HTK perfusion while the HTK + A group received an HTK perfusion after administration of amifostine. The UW group received a perfusion of UW, while the UW + A group received a UW perfusion after amifostine administration. Liver biopsy was performed to investigate histopathological, immunochemical [transferase mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL), inducible nitric oxide syntetase (iNOS)] and ultrastructural alterations. Biochemical alterations were determined by examining levels of alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and nitric oxide in the perfusion fluid.
RESULTS: Pathological sinusoidal dilatation and centrilobular hydropic alteration were significantly lower in the groups that received amifostine prior to preservation solution perfusion. Although the best results were obtained in the UW + A group, we did not observe a statistically significant difference between the UW + A and HTK + A groups. iNOS grades were significantly lower in the amifostine groups 12 h after treatment. When the amifostine groups were compared against each other, the iNOS grades obtained from the UW + A and HTK + A groups were similar while the RL + A group had a much poorer score. TUNEL assays demonstrated a lower apoptosis ratio in the amifostine groups than in the non-amifostine groups 12 h after treatment. No statistically significant difference was observed between the UW + A and HTK + A groups for apoptosis. Cellular ultrastructure was best preserved in the UW + A and HTK + A groups.
CONCLUSION: Here, we show that preoperative administration of a single dose of amifostine is sufficient to minimize the preservation damage in hepatic cells.
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Abstract
We examined the effects of feeding raffinose on intestinal calcium absorption in ovariectomized rats by two separate experiments. In experiment 1, female Sprague-Dawley rats (6 wk old) were divided into two groups: sham operation and ovariectomy, and fed diets with or without raffinose (30 g/kg diet) for 4 wk. In experiment 2, ovariectomized rats with cecocolonectomy or transsection and reanastomosis (sham) were divided into two groups as in experiment 1 and fed the same diets for 3 wk. In experiment 1, calcium absorption was lower in the ovariectomized rats than in the sham rats but calcium absorption in rats fed the raffinose diet was higher than that in rats fed the raffinose-free diet. In experiment 2, increased calcium absorption in the raffinose group was abolished by cecocolonectomy. The impaired absorption in ovariectomized rats was restored by feeding raffinose. The large intestine is involved in the beneficial effects of raffinose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rieko Mitamura
- Division of Applied Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Li MW, Vallelunga JM, Kinchen KL, Rink KL, Zarrabi J, Shamamian AO, Lloyd KCK. IVF recovery of mutant mouse lines using sperm cryopreserved with mtg in cryovials. Cryo Letters 2014; 35:145-153. [PMID: 24869647 PMCID: PMC4201379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Modification of cryoprotective medium (CPM) R18S3 (18% raffinose and 3% skim milk) by addition of monothioglycerol (MTG) or L-glutamine (Glu) has been shown to improve in vitro fertilization (IVF) using mouse sperm cryopreserved in cryostraws. However, whether these CPMs can be applied effectively to sperm cryopreserved in cryovials is unknown. OBJECTIVE The study was to determine the comparative effectiveness of using R18S3, R18S3+Glu (100mM and 87 mM), or R18S3+MTG (477 µM) to cryopreserve various sample volumes of mouse sperm in cryovials and cryostraws. METHODS This study compared the effects of different CPMs on motility of fresh and frozen-thawed C57BL/6J sperm and on IVF rate of C57BL/6J sperm cryopreserved in different CPMs and containers with different volumes, and then used technologies developed to cryopreserve and recover sperm of knockout mouse lines on inbred C57BL/6 backgrounds. RESULTS Glutamine at 100 mM inhibited, but MTG at 477 µM protected, fresh sperm motility significantly (P < 0.05). Sperm cryopreserved in R18S3+MTG had significantly better (P < 0.05) post-thaw progressive motility and IVF rate than when cryopreserved in R18S3 alone, R18S3+Glu (100 mM), or RSGlu87 (15.7% raffinose, 2.6% skim milk, and 87 mM L-glutamine). There was no significant difference in IVF rates among sperm cryopreserved with R18S3+MTG in cryovials or in cryostraws (P > 0.05). Sperm from 63 knockout mouse lines on C57BL/6 backgrounds cryopreserved using R18S3+MTG in cryovials were all recovered successfully to genotypically-confirmed offspring. CONCLUSION Mouse sperm on C56BL/6 backgrounds can be successfully cryopreserved in cryovials using R18S3+MTG.
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Allen CL, Clare G, Stewart EA, Branch MJ, McIntosh OD, Dadhwal M, Dua HS, Hopkinson A. Augmented dried versus cryopreserved amniotic membrane as an ocular surface dressing. PLoS One 2013; 8:e78441. [PMID: 24205233 PMCID: PMC3813584 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Dried amniotic membrane (AM) can be a useful therapeutic adjunct in ophthalmic surgery and possesses logistical advantages over cryopreserved AM. Differences in preservation techniques can significantly influence the biochemical composition and physical properties of AM, potentially affecting clinical efficacy. This study was established to investigate the biochemical and structural effects of drying AM in the absence and presence of saccharide lyoprotectants and its biocompatibility compared to cryopreserved material. Methods AM was cryopreserved or dried with and without pre-treatment with trehalose or raffinose and the antioxidant epigallocatechin (EGCG). Structural and visual comparisons were assessed using electron microscopy. Localisation, expression and release of AM biological factors were determined using immunoassays and immunofluorescence. The biocompatibility of the AM preparations co-cultured with corneal epithelial cell (CEC) or keratocyte monolayers were assessed using cell proliferation, cytotoxicity, apoptosis and migration assays. Results Drying devitalised AM epithelium, but less than cryopreservation and cellular damage was reduced in dried AM pre-treated with trehalose or raffinose. Dried AM alone, and with trehalose or raffinose showed greater factor retention efficiencies and bioavailability compared to cryopreserved AM and demonstrated a more sustained biochemical factor time release in vitro. Cellular health assays showed that dried AM with trehalose or raffinose are compatible and superior substrates compared to cryopreserved AM for primary CEC expansion, with increased proliferation and reduced LDH and caspase-3 levels. This concept was supported by improved wound healing in an immortalised human CEC line (hiCEC) co-cultured with dried and trehalose or raffinose membranes, compared to cryopreserved and fresh AM. Conclusions Our modified preservation process and our resultant optimised dried AM has enhanced structural properties and biochemical stability and is a superior substrate to conventional cryopreserved AM. In addition this product is stable and easily transportable allowing it to be globally wide reaching for use in clinical and military sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire L. Allen
- Ophthalmology, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Gerry Clare
- Ophthalmology, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth A. Stewart
- Ophthalmology, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J. Branch
- Ophthalmology, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Owen D. McIntosh
- Ophthalmology, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Megha Dadhwal
- Ophthalmology, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Harminder S. Dua
- Ophthalmology, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Hopkinson
- Ophthalmology, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Pucci Molineris M, Di Venanzio G, Mamprin ME, Mediavilla MG. Evaluation of the protection exerted by Pisum sativum Ferredoxin-NADP(H) Reductase against injury induced by hypothermia on Cos-7 cells. Cryobiology 2013; 67:76-83. [PMID: 23727065 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2013.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2012] [Revised: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hypothermia is employed as a method to diminish metabolism rates and preserve tissues and cells. However, low temperatures constitute a stress that produces biochemical changes whose extension depends on the duration and degree of cold exposure and is manifested when physiological temperature is restored. For many cellular types, cold induces an oxidative stress that is dependent on the elevation of intracellular iron, damages macromolecules, and is prevented by the addition of iron chelators. Pisum sativum Ferredoxin-NADP(H) Reductase (FNR) has been implicated in protection from injury mediated by intracellular iron increase and successfully used to reduce oxidative damage on bacterial, plant and mammalian systems. In this work, FNR was expressed in Cos-7 cells; then, they were submitted to cold incubation and iron overload to ascertain whether this enzyme was capable of diminishing the harm produced by these challenges. Contrary to expected, FNR was not protective and even exacerbated the damage under certain circumstances. It was also found that the injury induced by hypothermia in Cos-7 cells presented both iron-dependent and iron-independent components of damage when cells were actively dividing but only iron-independent component when cells were in an arrested state. This is in agreement with previous findings which showed that iron-dependent damage is also an energy-dependent process.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pucci Molineris
- Centro Binacional, Argentina-Italia de Investigaciones en Criobiología Clínica y Aplicada, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Av Arijón 28 bis, 2000 Rosario, Argentina
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Guaragnella N, Ždralević M, Lattanzio P, Marzulli D, Pracheil T, Liu Z, Passarella S, Marra E, Giannattasio S. Yeast growth in raffinose results in resistance to acetic-acid induced programmed cell death mostly due to the activation of the mitochondrial retrograde pathway. Biochim Biophys Acta 2013; 1833:2765-2774. [PMID: 23906793 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2013.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Revised: 06/27/2013] [Accepted: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In order to investigate whether and how a modification of mitochondrial metabolism can affect yeast sensitivity to programmed cell death (PCD) induced by acetic acid (AA-PCD), yeast cells were grown on raffinose, as a sole carbon source, which, differently from glucose, favours mitochondrial respiration. We found that, differently from glucose-grown cells, raffinose-grown cells were mostly resistant to AA-PCD and that this was due to the activation of mitochondrial retrograde (RTG) response, which increased with time, as revealed by the up-regulation of the peroxisomal isoform of citrate synthase and isocitrate dehydrogenase isoform 1, RTG pathway target genes. Accordingly, the deletion of RTG2 and RTG3, a positive regulator and a transcription factor of the RTG pathway, resulted in AA-PCD, as shown by TUNEL assay. Neither deletion in raffinose-grown cells of HAP4, encoding the positive regulatory subunit of the Hap2,3,4,5 complex nor constitutive activation of the RTG pathway in glucose-grown cells due to deletion of MKS1, a negative regulator of RTG pathway, had effect on yeast AA-PCD. The RTG pathway was found to be activated in yeast cells containing mitochondria, in which membrane potential was measured, capable to consume oxygen in a manner stimulated by the uncoupler CCCP and inhibited by the respiratory chain inhibitor antimycin A. AA-PCD resistance in raffinose-grown cells occurs with a decrease in both ROS production and cytochrome c release as compared to glucose-grown cells en route to AA-PCD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maša Ždralević
- CNR, Istituto di Biomembrane e Bioenergetica, Via Amendola 165/a, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Paolo Lattanzio
- CNR, Istituto di Biomembrane e Bioenergetica, Via Amendola 165/a, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Domenico Marzulli
- CNR, Istituto di Biomembrane e Bioenergetica, Via Amendola 165/a, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Tammy Pracheil
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of New Orleans, 2000 Lakeshore Drive, New Orleans, LA 70148, USA
| | - Zhengchang Liu
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of New Orleans, 2000 Lakeshore Drive, New Orleans, LA 70148, USA
| | - Salvatore Passarella
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienze per la Salute, Università del Molise, Via de Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Ersilia Marra
- CNR, Istituto di Biomembrane e Bioenergetica, Via Amendola 165/a, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Sergio Giannattasio
- CNR, Istituto di Biomembrane e Bioenergetica, Via Amendola 165/a, 70126 Bari, Italy.
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Aliosmanoglu I, Sevmis S, Karakayali H, Kocbiyik A, Dagdeviren A, Haberal A, Haberal M. Effect of prostaglandin E-1 on Wisconsin University and histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate preservation solutions on preservation injury of the perfused liver. Transplant Proc 2013; 45:2446-50. [PMID: 23871184 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2012.05.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2012] [Revised: 05/08/2012] [Accepted: 05/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of prostaglandin E-1 (PGE-1) on preservation injury in livers perfused with the University of Wisconsin (UW) or histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate (HTK) solutions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five groups each including six rats included. Ringer's lactate RL (group 1), HTK (group 2), HTK + PGE-1 (group 3), UW (group 4), or UW PGE-1 (group 5). Liver tissue and preservation fluid samples were obtained from the perfused lives for pathological and biochemical examinations respectively at 0, 6 and 12 hours. RESULTS Upon biochemical examination, aspartate aminotrasnferase and alanine aminotransferase values were highest among the group with RL solution and lowest with PGE-1. Liver structure was found to be damaged immediately after RL solution, whereas it was preserved in the other four groups. Fewer cellular changes were reported at the end of 12 hours in the groups administered PGE-1 compared with the other groups. CONCLUSIONS PGE-1 when applied before preservation protected liver functions, decreased pathologic injury, and delayed changes that occur under cold ischemic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Aliosmanoglu
- Department of General Surgery, Dicle University Faculty of Medicine, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
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Andersen JM, Barrangou R, Hachem MA, Lahtinen SJ, Goh YJ, Svensson B, Klaenhammer TR. Transcriptional analysis of prebiotic uptake and catabolism by Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM. PLoS One 2012; 7:e44409. [PMID: 23028535 PMCID: PMC3446993 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2012] [Accepted: 08/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The human gastrointestinal tract can be positively modulated by dietary supplementation of probiotic bacteria in combination with prebiotic carbohydrates. Here differential transcriptomics and functional genomics were used to identify genes in Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM involved in the uptake and catabolism of 11 potential prebiotic compounds consisting of α- and β- linked galactosides and glucosides. These oligosaccharides induced genes encoding phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase systems (PTS), galactoside pentose hexuronide (GPH) permease, and ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. PTS systems were upregulated primarily by di- and tri-saccharides such as cellobiose, isomaltose, isomaltulose, panose and gentiobiose, while ABC transporters were upregulated by raffinose, Polydextrose, and stachyose. A single GPH transporter was induced by lactitol and galactooligosaccharides (GOS). The various transporters were associated with a number of glycoside hydrolases from families 1, 2, 4, 13, 32, 36, 42, and 65, involved in the catabolism of various α- and β-linked glucosides and galactosides. Further subfamily specialization was also observed for different PTS-associated GH1 6-phospho-β-glucosidases implicated in the catabolism of gentiobiose and cellobiose. These findings highlight the broad oligosaccharide metabolic repertoire of L. acidophilus NCFM and establish a platform for selection and screening of both probiotic bacteria and prebiotic compounds that may positively influence the gastrointestinal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joakim Mark Andersen
- Enzyme and Protein Chemistry, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Rodolphe Barrangou
- DuPont Nutrition and Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Maher Abou Hachem
- Enzyme and Protein Chemistry, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Yong-Jun Goh
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Birte Svensson
- Enzyme and Protein Chemistry, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Todd R. Klaenhammer
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Nedvig K, Weber G, Nemeth J, Kovacs K, Reglodi D, Kemeny A, Ferencz A. Changes of PACAP immunoreactivities and cytokine levels after PACAP-38 containing intestinal preservation and autotransplantation. J Mol Neurosci 2012; 48:788-94. [PMID: 22899163 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-012-9870-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2012] [Accepted: 07/31/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Small bowel is one of the most sensitive organs to ischemia-reperfusion injury, which is a significant problem during transplantation. Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) has cytoprotective effect in ischemic injuries of various tissues. The aim of our study was to measure changes of PACAP-38 and PACAP-27 immunoreactivities and cytokine levels in intestinal grafts stored in PACAP-38-containing preservation solution. Small bowel autotransplantation was performed on male Wistar rats. Grafts were stored in University of Wisconsin (UW) solution at 4 °C for 1 h (group (G)I), for 3 h (GII), and for 6 h (GIII) and in PACAP-38-containing UW solution for 1 h (GIV), for 3 h (GV), and for 6 h (GVI). After preservation, performing vessel anastomosis reperfusion began, which lasted 3 h in each group. Tissue biopsies were collected after laparotomy (control) and at the end of the reperfusion periods. Intestinal PACAP-38 and PACAP-27 immunoreactivities were measured by radioimmunoassay. To measure cytokines from tissue homogenates, we used rat cytokine array and Luminex Multiplex Immunoassay. Levels of PACAP-38 and PACAP-27 immunoreactivity decreased after 1 and 3 h preservation compared to control levels. This decrease was significant following 6 h cold storage (p < 0.05). Values remained significantly higher in grafts stored in PACAP-38-containing UW. Cytokine array revealed that expression of the soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (CD54) and L-selectin (CD62L/LECAM-1) was increased in GIII. Both 6 h cold storage in PACAP-38-containing UW solution and 3 h reperfusion caused strong reduction in these cytokines activation in GVI. RANTES (CCL5) levels were increased in all groups. Strong activation of the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 was in GIII. However, PACAP-38-containing cold storage could decrease its activation in GVI. Furthermore, strong activation of the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 was detected in 6 h preserved grafts without PACAP-38 (GIII). PACAP-38-containing cold storage could decrease its activation in GVI. Our present study showed that PACAP-38 and PACAP-27 immunoreactivities decreased in a time-dependent manner during intestinal cold preservation, which could be ameliorated by administration of exogenous PACAP-38 to the preservation solution. Moreover, PACAP-38 could attenuate tissue cold ischemic injury-induced changes in cytokine expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klara Nedvig
- Department of Surgical Research and Techniques, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
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31
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Liu Q, Rehman H, Krishnasamy Y, Ramshesh VK, Theruvath TP, Chavin KD, Schnellmann RG, Lemasters JJ, Zhong Z. Role of inducible nitric oxide synthase in mitochondrial depolarization and graft injury after transplantation of fatty livers. Free Radic Biol Med 2012; 53:250-9. [PMID: 22609250 PMCID: PMC3392495 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2011] [Revised: 04/12/2012] [Accepted: 05/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the role of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in failure of ethanol-induced fatty liver grafts. Rat livers were explanted 20 h after gavaging with ethanol (5 g/kg) and storing in UW solution for 24h before implantation. Hepatic oil red O staining-positive areas increased from ∼2 to ∼33% after ethanol treatment, indicating steatosis. iNOS expression increased ∼8-fold after transplantation of lean grafts (LG) and 25-fold in fatty grafts (FG). Alanine aminotransferase release, total bilirubin, hepatic necrosis, TUNEL-positive cells, and cleaved caspase-3 were higher in FG than LG. A specific iNOS inhibitor 1400W (5 μM in the cold-storage solution) blunted these alterations by >42% and increased survival of fatty grafts from 25 to 88%. Serum nitrite/nitrate and hepatic nitrotyrosine adducts increased to a greater extent after transplantation of FG than LG, indicating reactive nitrogen species (RNS) overproduction. Phospho-c-Jun and phospho-c-Jun N-terminal kinase-1/2 (JNK1/2) were higher in FG than in LG, indicating more JNK activation in fatty grafts. RNS formation and JNK activation were blunted by 1400W. Mitochondrial polarization and cell death were visualized by intravital multiphoton microscopy of rhodamine 123 and propidium iodide, respectively. After implantation, viable cells with depolarized mitochondria were 3-fold higher in FG than in LG and 1400W decreased mitochondrial depolarization in FG to the levels of LG. Taken together, iNOS is upregulated after transplantation of FG, leading to excessive RNS formation, JNK activation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and severe graft injury. The iNOS inhibitor 1400W could be an effective therapy for primary nonfunction of fatty liver grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinlong Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Hasibur Rehman
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Yasodha Krishnasamy
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Venkat K. Ramshesh
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Tom P. Theruvath
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Kenneth D. Chavin
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Rick G. Schnellmann
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
- Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC 29403, USA
| | - John J. Lemasters
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Zhi Zhong
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
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Sulikowski T, Domanski L, Zietek Z, Adler G, Pawlik A, Ciechanowicz A, Ciechanowski K, Ostrowski M. Effect of preservation solutions UW and EC on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase II and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase II genes in rat kidney. POSTEP HIG MED DOSW 2012; 66:45-50. [PMID: 22371405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases play an important role in the regulation of mesangial cell proliferation and may be involved in ischemia-reperfusion injuries. Preservation solutions are thought to diminish the ischemic injury and appropriate choice of the solution should guarantee a better graft function and good prognosis for graft survival. The aim of the study was to examine the effect of preservation solutions UW and EC on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase II and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase II genes in rat kidney. The study was carried out on Wistar rat kidneys divided into 3 groups: kidneys perfused with 0.9% NaCl (control group), with UW, and with EC preservation solution. The results show an enhancement of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 gene expression after 12 min of cold ischemia. This increase was more expressed in kidneys preserved with UW solution in comparison with kidneys perfused with EC solution and 0.9% NaCl. After 24 h of cold ischemia the expression of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 genes in kidney perfused with UW solution decreased, while in kidneys perfused with EC it was increased. After warm ischemia the MMP-2 and TIMP-2 gene expression increased, whereas it was significantly lower in kidneys perfused with EC solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadeusz Sulikowski
- Department of General and Transplantation Surgery, Pomeranian Medical University, ul. Powst.Wlkp. 72, Szczecin, Poland
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Lin S, Pan Y, Luo L, Luo L. Effects of dietary β-1,3-glucan, chitosan or raffinose on the growth, innate immunity and resistance of koi (Cyprinus carpio koi). Fish Shellfish Immunol 2011; 31:788-794. [PMID: 21784160 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2011.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2011] [Revised: 07/09/2011] [Accepted: 07/10/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This study was performed to determine the efficacy of three immunomodulators viz., β-1,3 glucan, chitosan and raffinose on the innate immune response of koi, Cyprinus carpio koi. Kois were divided into 4 groups and each group was fed with diets supplemented with or without immunostimulant for 56 days. Total leukocyte counts (WBC), the non-specific humoral (lysozyme, alternative complement pathway and superoxide dismutase) and cellular (phagocytic capacity and respiratory burst activity) responses were determined and compared with controls (no supplement) after 7, 14, 21 and 56 days of feeding. The results of 8 weeks feeding trial showed that β-1,3 glucan supplementation significantly enhanced koi growth, whereas other immunostimulants did not. Variation in the levels of responses was evident among different supplements. Compared with chitosan or raffinose, β-1,3 glucan could maintain the immunity of kois at a higher level during the experimental period. However, continuously applying β-1,3 glucan, chitosan or raffinose into the diet caused immunity fatigue in koi. No significant change in alternative complement pathway (ACP) activity was observed for any of the three supplements over the four different periods. After feeding for 14 days, the total leukocyte count (WBC), respiratory burst activity and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity of the kois fed with chitosan or raffinose continuously remained relatively unchanged, subsequently decreased on the 56th day, but SOD did not. Meanwhile, lysozyme activity was no longer significantly higher on the 7th day, and for phagocytic capacity on the 14th day. After 56 days, these three immunostimulants groups also exhibited a decrease in the cumulative symptom rates compared to the controls when challenged with Aeromonas veronii. These results indicated that dietary intake containing immunostimulants could enhance the immune responses of koi and improve its resistance to infection by A.veronii. Especially supplementation with β-1,3 glucan to the kois for 56 days showed considerable improvement in the growth, survival and immune response of the kois.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimei Lin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, PR China.
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Murguía-Meca F, Plata-Muñoz JJ, Hitchman RB, Danquah JO, Hughes D, Friend PJ, Fuggle SV, King LA. Baculovirus as delivery system for gene transfer during hypothermic organ preservation. Transpl Int 2011; 24:820-8. [PMID: 21623952 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-2277.2011.01252.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Concerns over the safety of conventional viral vectors have limited the translation of gene transfer from an exciting experimental procedure to a successful clinical therapy in transplantation. Baculoviruses are insect viruses, but have the ability to enter mammalian cells and deliver potential therapeutic molecules with no evidence of viral replication. This study provides evidence of the ability of recombinant baculovirus to enter mammalian kidneys and livers during cold preservation. Six kidneys and six liver lobules retrieved from large pigs were perfused with University of Wisconsin (UW) solution containing a baculovirus tagged with green fluorescent protein and preserved for 8 h. In addition, six kidneys were perfused with UW containing a baculovirus expressing red fluorescent protein and preserved for 24 h. Green fluorescent virus particles were detected within transduced kidneys and livers after 8 h standard cold storage and red fluorescent protein mRNA was detected in kidneys after 24 h of cold preservation. There were no significant differences in tissue architecture, cell morphology or ATP content between experimental organs and their controls. Ex vivo transduction of organs with recombinant baculovirus during conventional cold preservation was demonstrated with no evidence of additional injury or reduction in cell viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Murguía-Meca
- Insect Virus Research Group, School of Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
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Ball DA, Ahn TH, Wang P, Chen KC, Cao Y, Tyson JJ, Peccoud J, Baumann WT. Stochastic exit from mitosis in budding yeast: model predictions and experimental observations. Cell Cycle 2011; 10:999-1009. [PMID: 21350333 PMCID: PMC3100879 DOI: 10.4161/cc.10.6.14966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2010] [Revised: 01/27/2011] [Accepted: 01/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Unlike many mutants that are completely viable or inviable, the CLB2-dbΔ clb5Δ mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is inviable in glucose but partially viable on slower growth media such as raffinose. On raffinose, the mutant cells can bud and divide but in each cycle there is a chance that a cell will fail to divide (telophase arrest), causing it to exit the cell cycle. This effect gives rise to a stochastic phenotype that cannot be explained by a deterministic model. We measure the inter-bud times of wild type and mutant cells growing on raffinose and compute statistics and distributions to characterize the mutant's behavior. We convert a detailed deterministic model of the budding yeast cell cycle to a stochastic model and determine the extent to which it captures the stochastic phenotype of the mutant strain. Predictions of the mathematical model are in reasonable agreement with our experimental data and suggest directions for improving the model. Ultimately, the ability to accurately model stochastic phenotypes may prove critical to understanding disease and therapeutic interventions in higher eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Ball
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
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Dondéro F, Paugam-Burtz C, Danjou F, Stocco J, Durand F, Belghiti J. A randomized study comparing IGL-1 to the University of Wisconsin preservation solution in liver transplantation. Ann Transplant 2010; 15:7-14. [PMID: 21183870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Institut Georges Lopez-1 (IGL-1) is a new preservation solution with lower potassium and lower viscosity than University Wisconsin solution (UW). These characteristics which improve liver preservation lead us to evaluate clinical effects of IGL-1 in a randomized controlled study with UW. MATERIAL/METHODS From June 2007 to July 2009, after exclusion of partial graft, combined transplantation and fulminant hepatic failure, 140 deceased donor allografts were randomly assigned to IGL-1 (n=48) or UW (n=92) solution. Variables concerning donors and recipients were collected including liver tests (total serum bilirubin, prothrombin time and transaminases) were analyzed until postoperative day 30. Incidences of hepatic artery thrombosis (HAT), primary non function (PNF) and biliary non anastomotic strictures (NAS) were analyzed. The comparative analysis of costs was realized. RESULTS Donor and recipients characteristics were similar in both groups. Volume of preservation solution utilized for harvesting was identical. Duration of cold ischemia (472±142 vs. 477±122 min), surgery (427±97 vs. 437±94 min) and proportion of extended criteria donor was similar. Postoperative kinetic and level liver tests were similar. Rate of PNF (2% vs. 4%), early retransplantation (6% vs. 7%), incidence of biliary NAS (2% vs. 3%) and HAT (6% vs. 4%) were similar. Mean intensive care unit (ICU) stay was similar (5.6 vs. 6.1 days). However costs related to preservation solution for one liver procurement were 992.0 for IGL-1 vs. 1609.0 Euros for UW. CONCLUSIONS Results of this randomized study shows that the efficacy and safety of IGL-1 are comparable to those of the reference UW with a lower cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fédérica Dondéro
- Beaujon Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Clichy, France
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Keller M, Beiras-Fernandez A, Schmoeckel M, Reichart B, Brenner P. Influence of hypothermia and cardioplegic solutions on expression of alpha-Gal epitope on porcine aortic endothelial cells. EXP CLIN TRANSPLANT 2010; 8:250-257. [PMID: 20716045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The Galalpha1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAc-R is the major antigen on pig tissue bound by human xenoreactive natural antibodies in xenotransplant. We have investigated in vitro the influence of hypothermic storage with cardioplegic solutions on expression of Galalpha1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAc-Rs and hyperacute xenograft rejection. MATERIALS AND METHODS To analyze effects of hypothermia on the Galalpha1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAc-Rs, cultured porcine aortic endothelial cells were exposed to a temperature of 4 degrees C for 1 hour, 4 hours, and 6 hours. Cell cultures of the control groups were incubated at the same time at 38 degrees C. To investigate the influence of cardioplegic solutions on the Galalpha1- 3Galbeta1-4GlcNAc-Rs, porcine aortic endothelial cells were exposed to 4 degrees C for 4 hours in the presence of University of Wisconsin solution or histidinetryptophan- ketoglutarate solution. Cells of the control groups were cooled at 4 degrees C for 4 hours without cardioplegic solution. After treatment, porcine aortic endothelial cells were submitted to fluorescence-activated cell sorter. RESULTS Hypothermia of 4 degrees C showed no significant effect on the quantity of Galalpha1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAc-Rs. However, the treatment of porcine aortic endothelial cells with University of Wisconsin solution resulted in a highly significant reduction of Galalpha1-3Galbeta1- 4GlcNAc-Rs by 50% (P = .006). Treatment of porcine aortic endothelial cells with histidine-tryptophanketoglutarate solution decreased Alpha-Gal quantity significantly by 32% (P = .011). CONCLUSIONS Our data offer new perspectives in the prevention of hyperacute, humoral xenograft rejection by reducing the Galalpha1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAc-Rs after exposure to different cardioplegic solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Keller
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig- Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
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Kaddis JS, Danobeitia JS, Niland JC, Stiller T, Fernandez LA. Multicenter analysis of novel and established variables associated with successful human islet isolation outcomes. Am J Transplant 2010; 10:646-56. [PMID: 20055802 PMCID: PMC2860018 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2009.02962.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Islet transplantation is a promising therapy used to achieve glycometabolic control in a select subgroup of individuals with type I diabetes. However, features that characterize human islet isolation success prior to transplantation are not standardized and lack validation. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 806 isolation records from 14 pancreas-processing laboratories, considering variables from relevant studies in the last 15 years. The outcome was defined as post-purification islet equivalent count, dichotomized into yields > or =315 000 or < or =220 000. Univariate analysis showed that donor cause of death and use of hormonal medications negatively influenced outcome. Conversely, pancreata from heavier donors and those containing elevated levels of surface fat positively influence outcome, as did heavier pancreata and donors with normal amylase levels. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified the positive impact on outcome of surgically intact pancreata and donors with normal liver function, and confirmed that younger donors, increased body mass index, shorter cold ischemia times, no administration of fluid/electrolyte medications, absence of organ edema, use of University of Wisconsin preservation solution and a fatty pancreas improves outcome. In conclusion, this multicenter analysis highlights the importance of carefully reviewing all donor, pancreas and processing parameters prior to isolation and transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Kaddis
- Administrative and Bioinformatics Coordinating Center, Division of Information Sciences, City of Hope National Medical Center and Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA, USA
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Bonegio RGB, Fuhro R, Ragno G, Robert Valeri C, Lieberthal W. A Comparison of the Acute Hemodynamic and Delayed Effects of 50% Exchange Transfusion with Two Different Cross-linked Hemoglobin Based Oxygen Carrying Solutions and Pentastarch. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 34:145-57. [PMID: 16537171 DOI: 10.1080/10731190600580215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hemoglobin based oxygen carrying solutions (HBOC) have been designed to combine the beneficial effects of colloidal solutions with oxygen carrying capacity. Clinical trials in humans using HBOCs have had variable results. METHODS We used a rodent 50% exchange model to compare Hemolink and Hemopure HBOC to autologous blood and Pentastarch solution. We monitored hemodynamic parameters, hemoglobin clearance, weight gain and hematocrit over a five-day period. RESULTS Acute hemodynamic effects between the two HBOCs were similar with mild vasoconstriction. Cardiac output, systemic vascular resistance and renal function were similar to that seen with blood. HBOC's were associated with hemoglobinuria with a half-life in the circulation of 13.8 hrs for Hemolink and 19.2 hrs for Hemopure. Animals resuscitated with HBOCs exhibited delayed weight gain. CONCLUSION Hemodynamic effects in rodents exchange-transfused with blood, Hemolink, or Hemopure were similar. The delayed weight gain observed with the HBOCs must be investigated.
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Abbas R, Kombu RS, Dignam D, Gunning W, Stulberg JJ, Brunengraber H, Sanabria JR. Polyethylene glycol modified-albumin enhances the cold preservation properties of University of Wisconsin solution in rat liver and a hepatocyte cell line. J Surg Res 2009; 164:95-104. [PMID: 19577257 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2009.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2009] [Revised: 03/07/2009] [Accepted: 03/17/2009] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Liver grafts preserved in cold storage undergo changes mainly manifested by morphological modifications of the sinusoidal endothelium that result in poor graft function upon reperfusion. The present studies aimed to determine if the addition of polyethylene glycol-albumin to University of Wisconsin (Peg-AlbUW) solution ameliorates the cold preservation injuries of liver grafts. Rat livers were preserved cold with various preservation solutions and evaluated for weight changes and endothelial morphology. Solutions that preserved graft weight and endothelial morphology were tested in the isolated perfused rat liver model to assess graft function. A rat hepatocyte cell line was evaluated for both viability and glutathione concentrations emulating cold preservation and reperfusion conditions. Liver grafts preserved with Peg-AlbUW maintained their initial weight and showed a conserved endothelial morphology compared with liver grafts preserved in UW for 30 h (P<0.05). Liver grafts preserved with Peg-AlbUW had improved portal blood flow and bile secretion compared with liver grafts preserved in UW for 30 h (P<0.05). In vitro we noted comparable hepatocyte viability when cells were preserved in Peg-AlbUW versus UW under similar preservation conditions (P>0.05); glutathione concentrations (reduced and total) were significantly increased in hepatocytes preserved in 3% Peg-AlbUW compared with other preservation solutions (P<0.05). The addition of Peg-Alb to UW preservation solution ameliorated the cold preservation injuries of rat liver grafts as shown by stable liver graft weight, a better preservation of the endothelial morphology, improved portal vein blood flow, and increased bile secretion. Peg-Alb-UW solution improved the integrity of the glutathione redox buffer system of a hepatocyte cell line after cold storage and reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rime Abbas
- Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-5047, USA
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Somov AY, Semenchenko OA, Green CJ, Petrenko AY, Fuller BJ. Mitochondrial function after liver preservation in high or low ionic-strength solutions: a comparison between UW-based and sucrose-based solution. Cryo Letters 2009; 30:1-12. [PMID: 19274306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In this study we evaluated mitochondrial function after liver cold storage and normothermic reperfusion. The preservation solutions were: modified University of Wisconsin (mod UW) and sucrose-based solution (SBS). After cold preservation liver was re-perfused for 1 hour in vitro with Krebs-Ringer buffer at 37 degree C. Samples of tissue were taken for ATP determination. Mitochondrial respiratory parameters, succinate oxidase complex activity, mitochondrial H+- ATPase and intramitochondrial potassium concentration were assayed. It was shown, that brief (1 hour) cold storage and subsequent normothermic reperfusion revealed no difference in liver ATP content between mod UW and SBS groups but resulted in a gradual decrease of 50 percent after 24-hour storage and reperfusion. Mitochondrial potassium ion concentration increased by 40 percent after 1-hour cold storage in the mod UW as compared to control (P value less than 0.05) and SBS. After brief cold storage ADP and uncoupler-stimulated respiration increased by 120 percent in SBS group, unlike mod UW, when succinate was used as substrate, and was more pronounced after 24 hour. Succinate oxidase complex activity did not change over either cold storage or warm reperfusion. Mitochondrial H+-ATPase activities in SBS and mod UW did not differ and both were inhibited after 24-hour cold storage. Our data demonstrate that low ionic strength preservation solution can substantially modulate mitochondrial energy turnover due to substrate oxidation increase. Many of the changes in mitochondrial function follow brief exposure to low temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Y Somov
- Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine, Kharkov, Ukraine.
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Ferrigno A, Tartaglia A, Di Nucci A, Bertone V, Richelmi P, Neri D, Freitas I, Vairetti M. Further studies on long-term preservation of rat liver: Celsior versus UW solution. In Vivo 2008; 22:681-686. [PMID: 19180991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The effects of Celsior solution were compared with those of the University of Wisconsin solution (UW) after 18 or 48 hours of cold storage in a perfused rat liver model. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), hyaluronic acid (HA) uptake, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), tissue reduced (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and ATP were evaluated. Histochemical in situ evaluation ofLDH and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were also performed. No significant difference in LDH release, HA uptake, TBARS, ATP levels and GSH/GSSG ratio were observed between UW and Celsior solution when the livers were preserved for 18 hours. By contrast, when preservation was performed for 48 hours, LDH release, TBARS and ROS formation were higher and the ATP levels, GSH/GSSG ratio and HA uptake were lower in the liver preserved by Celsior as compared with UW. Celsior solution was as effective as UW in liver preservation up to 18 hours but the superiority of UW over Celsior solution was obtained when liver was preserved for 48 hours.
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Zheng JH, Min ZL, Li YL, Zhu YH, Ye TJ, Li JQ, Pan TW, Ding GS, Wang ML. A modified CZ-1 preserving solution for organ transplantation: comparative study with UW preserving solution. Chin Med J (Engl) 2008; 121:904-909. [PMID: 18706204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The University of Wisconsin colloid based preserving solution (UW solution) is the most efficient preserving solution for multiorgan transplantation. Unfortunately, unavailability of delayed organ preserving solutions hindered further progression of cardinal organ transplantation in China. In this study, we validated an organ preserving Changzheng Organ Preserving Solution (CZ-1 solution) and compared it with UW solution. METHODS A series of studies were conducted on how and how long CZ-1 solution could preserve the kidneys, livers, hearts, lungs and pancreas of New Zealand rabbits and SD rats. Morphology of transplanted organs was studied by visible microscopy and electron microscopy; biochemical and physiological functions and the survival rate of the organs during prolonged cold storage were studied. RESULTS There was no significant difference between CZ-1 and UW solutions in preserving the kidneys, livers, hearts or lungs of rabbits; kidneys, livers, intestinal mucosa or pancreases of SD rats or five deceased donors' testicles. In some aspects, such as preserving rabbits' hearts, rats' intestinal mucosa and pancreases, the effect of CZ-1 solution was superior to UW solution. CZ-1 could safely preserve kidneys for 72 hours, livers for 24 hours, hearts for 18 hours and lungs for 8 hours for SD rats. Twelve kidneys preserved in cold CZ-1 solution for 22 - 31 hours were transplanted successfully and the mean renal function recovery time was (3.83 +/- 1.68) days. CONCLUSIONS CZ-1 solution is as effective as UW solution for organ preservation. The development of CZ-1 solution not only reduces costs and improves preservation of organs, but also promotes future development of organ transplantation in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-hua Zheng
- Department of Urology, Shanghai 10th People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China.
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Winzor DJ, Patel CN, Pielak GJ. Reconsideration of sedimentation equilibrium distributions reflecting the effects of small inert cosolutes on the dimerization of α-chymotrypsin. Biophys Chem 2007; 130:89-92. [PMID: 17716806 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2007.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2007] [Accepted: 07/24/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A reported discrepancy between quantitative estimates of the extent of enhanced alpha-chymotrypsin dimerization in the presence of sucrose is traced to different consequences of using an incorrect value of the buoyant molecular weight in the analysis of sedimentation equilibrium distributions. Support is thereby provided for the earlier contention that the effect of sucrose, as well as of glucose and raffinose, on dimerization may be rationalized quantitatively in terms of molecular crowding by an inert cosolute.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald J Winzor
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.
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Inuzuka K, Unno N, Yamamoto N, Sagara D, Suzuki M, Nishiyama M, Konno H. Effect of hyperbarically oxygenated-perfluorochemical with University of Wisconsin solution on preservation of rat small intestine using an original pressure-resistant portable apparatus. Surgery 2007; 142:57-66. [PMID: 17630001 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2007.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2006] [Revised: 03/01/2007] [Accepted: 03/03/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perfluorochemicals (PFC) are chemical substances that have a higher oxygen solubility under hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) pressure. This study investigated the effect of cold HBO-PFC/University of Wisconsin (UW) solution on preservation of rat small intestinal graft. METHODS We manufactured an air-tight, pressure-resistant tank made of stainless steel with high thermal conductivity. Rat ileal grafts were placed in a custom-made silicon-gum bag with UW solution, which was immersed in 5 atm HBO-PFC solution in the tank (Group P-5). The tank was kept at 4 degrees C. We compared the ATP concentration and mucosal permeability in Group P-5 with grafts preserved in 1 atm oxygenated-PFC/UW solution (Group P-1) and simple cold storage in UW solution (Group C). Histologic study was also performed. RESULTS PO(2) in UW solution after 48 h preservation were 1852 +/- 37, 499 +/- 13, and 173 +/- 3 mmHg (Group P-5, P-1 and C, respectively, mean +/- SD). At 48 h of preservation, graft ATP concentration was significantly greater in Group P-5 compared to that in Group P-1 and Group C. Mucosal hyperpermeability as well as mucosal morphologic changes were also ameliorated in Group P-5. CONCLUSION HBO-PFC can supply a greater amount of oxygen to UW solution. Indirect measures of oxygen metabolism such as ATP content and lactate production suggested improvement in maintaining graft oxygen metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunori Inuzuka
- Second Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
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Feng L, Zhao N, Yao X, Sun X, Du L, Diao X, Li S, Li Y. Histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate solution vs. University of Wisconsin solution for liver transplantation: a systematic review. Liver Transpl 2007; 13:1125-36. [PMID: 17665493 DOI: 10.1002/lt.21208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
University of Wisconsin (UW) solution has been recognized as the gold standard in liver preservation, but its limitations are becoming obvious, such as risk of biliary complications and its high cost. Alternatively, the effects of histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate (HTK), such as improved biliary protection and low cost, have been observed. This systematic review is conducted to compare the efficacy and safety of these 2 solutions. Databases from 1966 to June 2006 were searched. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and cohort studies comparing HTK and UW solutions for liver transplantation were included. Ten articles including 11 comparisons (1,200 patients) met the inclusion criteria, containing 2 RCTs and 9 cohort studies. No marked differences existed between the 2 groups in patient and graft survival rates, acute rejection, primary nonfunction, primary dysfunction, delayed graft function, and ALT and AST levels after transplantation. The only positive result was observed in the bile production after deceased donor liver transplantation (DDLT), which was statistically significantly higher in HTK group than that of UW group (95% confidence interval, 18.65-57.47; P=0.0001). Although the difference in biliary complications between the 2 groups did not reach statistical significance, HTK was thought to be more effective for biliary tract flush and prevention of biliary complications in some studies. There was no statistically significant difference of effects (except bile production) between HTK and UW. But trends were documented in some studies for the superiority of HTK in biliary tract flush, prevention of biliary complications, and cost saving. Adequately powered RCTs with longer follow-up periods are required to evaluate the long-term effect of these 2 solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Feng
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Ministry of Health, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, PR China.
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Wei L, Hata K, Doorschodt BM, Büttner R, Minor T, Tolba RH. Experimental small bowel preservation using Polysol: A new alternative to University of Wisconsin solution, Celsior and histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate solution? World J Gastroenterol 2007; 13:3684-91. [PMID: 17659727 PMCID: PMC4250639 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v13.i27.3684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To evaluate the potential of Polysol, a newly developed preservation solution, in cold storage of small bowel grafts, compared with the current standards, University of Wisconsin solution (UW), Celsior and histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate solution (HTK).
METHODS: Male Wistar rats were used as donors. Small bowels were retrieved, flushed and then stored in the respective 4 solutions for 18 h at 4°C. Functional integrity of the grafts was evaluated by isolated reperfusion with oxygenated Krebs-Henseleit buffer at 37°C for 30 min in all 4 groups.
RESULTS: Polysol preservation exhibited the highest tissue ATP concentration and the lowest release of LDH. Malondialdehyde, an index for tissue lipid peroxidation, was also the lowest in Polysol. Tissue oxygen consumption was significantly higher in Polysol than in the others. Of interest, UW-storage promoted 10-fold higher apoptosis than in the others. Moreover, electron microscopy revealed that the mucosal villi/micro-villi formation and the cell organelles, including mitochondria, were both significantly better preserved in Polysol, while deleterious alterations were apparent in the others, most notably in UW. Although Celsior and HTK exhibited the better trend of results than UW in some parameters, but could not reach the over-all superiority to UW.
CONCLUSION: Cold storage using Polysol resulted in significantly better integrity and function of small bowel grafts than UW. Hence, Polysol may be a novel alternative for the small bowel preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lai Wei
- House of Experimental Therapy, University of Bonn, Sigmund Freud Strasse 25, 53105 Bonn, Germany
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Tambyraja AL, Mitchell R, Driscoll PJ, Deans C, Parks RW, Rahman I, Megson IL. Glutathione supplementation to University of Wisconsin solution causes endothelial dysfunction. Transpl Immunol 2007; 18:146-50. [PMID: 18005860 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2007.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2007] [Revised: 06/02/2007] [Accepted: 06/21/2007] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glutathione (GSH) is added to University of Wisconsin (UW) organ preservation solution to protect against oxidative stress. This study assesses the effect of GSH-supplementation on endothelial function in tissues subjected to cold ischaemia and compares its effects to a mono-ethyl ester equivalent (GSH-MEE) and S-nitrosated GSH (GSNO). METHODS Rat aortic rings were stored for 1 h or 48 h in cold, hypoxic UW solution with or without GSH (3 mM), GSH-MEE (3 mM) or GSNO (100 mciroM) supplementation. Aortic rings were reoxygenated in warm Krebs solution; smooth muscle function was assessed by responses to phenylephrine (PE), and endothelial function by vasodilatation to the endothelium-dependent dilator, acetylcholine (ACh). The protective effects against oxidant-induced endothelial cell death were assessed in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). RESULTS Supplementation of UW with either GSH or GSH-MEE had no effect on vascular responses to PE, but smooth muscle contraction was significantly attenuated in rings incubated for 48 h with GSNO. Endothelium-dependent relaxation was significantly impaired in tissues stored under hypoxic conditions in GSH, GSH-MEE and GSNO supplemented UW solution for 1 h. However, impairment at 48 h was significantly more pronounced in GSH-treated vessels. Cultured HUVEC death was exacerbated by GSH and GSH-MEE in unstressed cells and in those stressed with a superoxide anion generator. CONCLUSIONS GSH supplementation of UW solution exacerbates cold-ischaemia induced endothelial dysfunction. GSNO did not share the detrimental effects of GSH and promoted NO-mediated vasodilatation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Tambyraja
- Clinical & Surgical Sciences (Surgery), Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, 51 Little France Crescent, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4SA, UK.
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Semmelmann A, Neeff H, Sommer O, Thomusch O, Hopt UT, von Dobschuetz E. Evaluation of preservation solutions by ESR-spectroscopy: superior effects of University of Wisconsin over Histidine-Tryptophan-Ketoglutarate in reducing renal reactive oxygen species. Kidney Int 2007; 71:875-81. [PMID: 17311072 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ki.5002129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Despite the causative role of oxidative stress in renal ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury effects of preservation solutions on reactive oxygen species (ROS) release have not been sufficiently evaluated. We compared the effects of most common solutions in kidney transplantation, University of Wisconsin (UW) and Histidine-Tryptophan-Ketoglutarate (HTK). ROS formation in isolated perfused rat kidney was detected by electron spin resonance spectroscopy using spin label 1-hydroxy-3-methoxycarbonyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-pyrrolidine. Donor kidneys from Lewis rats were pretreated with saline (controls), in therapeutic groups, kidneys underwent 18 h of cold storage (CS) preserved by HTK or UW solution. Experimental protocol included a stabilization period followed by additional I-R. Kidneys preserved by HTK produced highest ROS values in the control period after CS, whereas levels in UW and control group did not vary significantly. A peak release induced by additional I-R was also significantly highest in HTK kidneys, and UW did not differ from controls. During reperfusion, levels in HTK exceeded control and UW values. Renal vascular resistance, caspase-3-activity, and tissue hydration were enhanced in HTK compared with UW group, whereas ATP concentration was less reduced in UW-preserved tissue. These data show the greater antioxidative potential of UW solution, which also attenuated organ impairment after CS in the early reperfusion period.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Semmelmann
- Department of General- and Visceral-Surgery, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany
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Hubert T, Gmyr V, Arnalsteen L, Jany T, Triponez F, Caiazzo R, Vandewalle B, Vantyghem MC, Kerr-Conte J, Pattou F. Influence of Preservation Solution on Human Islet Isolation Outcome. Transplantation 2007; 83:270-6. [PMID: 17297400 DOI: 10.1097/01.tp.0000251723.97483.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The influence of the preservation solution used for in situ perfusion of the donor and pancreas storage on islet isolation has received little attention. METHODS In this prospective controlled trial, we compared the outcome of human islet isolation from pancreata perfused with University of Wisconsin (UW) solution or Celsior, an alternative colloid-free extracellular solution. RESULTS At the 1-year interim analysis, the viability and insulin secretion of islets isolated from donors perfused with UW (n=19) or Celsior (n=5) were identical. However, total islet recovery (IEQ) and isolation yield (IEQ/g) were 1.8-fold and 2.1-fold inferior in the Celsior group (P<0.05 vs. UW). Overall, 13 (68%) of islet preparations were effectively transplanted from the UW group vs. none from the Celsior group (P=0.01). The clinical study was discontinued and the causes of these differences were further explored in the pig (n=14). In contrast to UW, Celsior induced cell swelling and pancreas edema after only four hours of cold storage. These abnormalities were delayed when the donor was perfused with Solution de Conservation d'Organes et de Tissus (SCOT), an extracellular solution containing polyethylene glycol. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that colloid-free preservation solutions might be suboptimal for pancreas perfusion and cold storage prior to islet isolation and transplantation. Because pancreata are now frequently recovered for islet transplantation, preliminary experimental and clinical data about islet isolation should be obtained prior to the routine implementation of new preservation solutions for abdominal perfusion during multiorgan recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Hubert
- Inserm U859, Diabetes Cell Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Lille 2 University, Lille, France
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