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Surzenko N, Bastidas J, Reid RW, Curaba J, Zhang W, Bostan H, Wilson M, Dominique A, Roberson J, Ignacio G, Komarnytsky S, Sanders A, Lambirth K, Brouwer CR, El-Khodor BF. Functional recovery following traumatic brain injury in rats is enhanced by oral supplementation with bovine thymus extract. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23460. [PMID: 38315443 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301859r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. There are currently no effective treatments for TBI, and trauma survivors suffer from a variety of long-lasting health consequences. With nutritional support recently emerging as a vital step in improving TBI patients' outcomes, we sought to evaluate the potential therapeutic benefits of nutritional supplements derived from bovine thymus gland, which can deliver a variety of nutrients and bioactive molecules. In a rat model of controlled cortical impact (CCI), we determined that animals supplemented with a nuclear fraction of bovine thymus (TNF) display greatly improved performance on beam balance and spatial memory tests following CCI. Using RNA-Seq, we identified an array of signaling pathways that are modulated by TNF supplementation in rat hippocampus, including those involved in the process of autophagy. We further show that bovine thymus-derived extracts contain antigens found in neural tissues and that supplementation of rats with thymus extracts induces production of serum IgG antibodies against neuronal and glial antigens, which may explain the enhanced animal recovery following CCI through possible oral tolerance mechanism. Collectively, our data demonstrate, for the first time, the potency of a nutritional supplement containing nuclear fraction of bovine thymus in enhancing the functional recovery from TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Surzenko
- Nutrition Innovation Center, Standard Process, Inc., Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Robert W Reid
- College of Computing and Informatics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA
| | - Julien Curaba
- Eremid Genomic Services, LLC, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Nutrition Innovation Center, Standard Process, Inc., Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA
| | - Hamed Bostan
- Eremid Genomic Services, LLC, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA
| | - Mickey Wilson
- Nutrition Innovation Center, Standard Process, Inc., Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ashley Dominique
- Nutrition Innovation Center, Standard Process, Inc., Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA
| | - Julia Roberson
- Nutrition Innovation Center, Standard Process, Inc., Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA
| | - Glicerio Ignacio
- David H. Murdock Research Institute, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA
| | - Slavko Komarnytsky
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA
| | - Alexa Sanders
- College of Computing and Informatics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kevin Lambirth
- College of Computing and Informatics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA
| | - Cory R Brouwer
- College of Computing and Informatics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA
| | - Bassem F El-Khodor
- Nutrition Innovation Center, Standard Process, Inc., Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA
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2
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Cheshik SG, Kisteneva LB. [HUMAN CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTION AND SPONTANEOUS ABORTION IN PREGNANT WOMEN OF I AND II TRIMESTER]. Vopr Virusol 2016; 61:74-78. [PMID: 27451499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this work was the evaluation of the frequency of human CMV infection among the women, whose pregnancy ended in miscarriage, detection of active forms of infection and treatment before pregnancy. Virological and sero-immunological techniques were used. A total of 116 women who had miscarriages before the 28 week of pregnancy were submitted to the CMV test. 109 women (94.0%) demonstrated positive results. 49 women (42.2%) had active form of the cytomegalovirus infection. 13 women (26.5%) had the recurrent form and 36 patients (73.5%) had the persistent form of CMV infection (stage of productive replication). All the women with active CMVI were treated before the next pregnancy. Immunomodulatory therapy for the treatment was used.
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MESH Headings
- Abortion, Habitual/diagnosis
- Abortion, Habitual/immunology
- Abortion, Habitual/therapy
- Abortion, Habitual/virology
- Acridines/therapeutic use
- Adult
- Antibodies, Viral/blood
- Antigens, Viral/blood
- Chronic Disease
- Cytomegalovirus/drug effects
- Cytomegalovirus/growth & development
- Cytomegalovirus/immunology
- Cytomegalovirus Infections/diagnosis
- Cytomegalovirus Infections/immunology
- Cytomegalovirus Infections/therapy
- Cytomegalovirus Infections/virology
- Female
- Humans
- Immunoglobulins/therapeutic use
- Immunoglobulins, Intravenous
- Immunologic Factors/therapeutic use
- Peptides/therapeutic use
- Pregnancy
- Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/diagnosis
- Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/immunology
- Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/therapy
- Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/virology
- Pregnancy Trimester, First
- Pregnancy Trimester, Second
- Recurrence
- Thymus Extracts/therapeutic use
- Virus Replication/drug effects
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Hakimi R. [Neurologic stress profile in nonspecific intestinal complaints and treatment with thymus, vitamins and trace elements]. Versicherungsmedizin 2013; 65:208-210. [PMID: 24400403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
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4
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Purified thymus extracts (pTE) and synthetic thymic peptides (sTP) are thought to enhance the immune system of cancer patients in order to fight the growth of tumour cells and to resist infections due to immunosuppression induced by the disease and antineoplastic therapy. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effectiveness of pTE and sTP for the management of cancer. SEARCH STRATEGY We searched CENTRAL (The Cochrane Library 2010, Issue 3), MEDLINE, EMBASE, AMED, BIOETHICSLINE, BIOSIS, CATLINE, CISCOM, HEALTHSTAR, HTA, SOMED and LILACS (to February 2010). SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised trials of pTE or sTP in addition to chemotherapy or radiotherapy, or both, compared to the same regimen with placebo or no additional treatment in adult cancer patients. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two authors independently extracted data from published trials. We derived odds ratios (OR) from overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates, tumour response (TR) rates, and rates of adverse effects (AE) related to antineoplastic treatments. We used a random-effects model for meta-analysis. MAIN RESULTS We identified 26 trials (2736 patients). Twenty trials investigated pTE (thymostimulin or thymosin fraction 5) and six trials investigated sTP (thymopentin or thymosin α(1)). Twenty-one trials reported results for OS, six for DFS, 14 for TR, nine for AE and 10 for safety of pTE and sTP. Addition of pTE conferred no benefit on OS (RR 1.00, 95% CI 0.79 to 1.25); DFS (RR 0.97, 95% CI 0.82 to 1.16); or TR (RR 1.07, 95% CI 0.92 to 1.25). Heterogeneity was moderate to high for all these outcomes. For thymosin α(1) the pooled RR for OS was 1.21 (95% CI 0.94 to 1.56, P = 0.14), with low heterogeneity; and 3.37 (95% CI 0.66 to 17.30, P = 0.15) for DFS, with moderate heterogeneity. The pTE reduced the risk of severe infectious complications (RR 0.54, 95% CI 0.38 to 0.78, P = 0.0008; I² = 0%). The RR for severe neutropenia in patients treated with thymostimulin was 0.55 (95% CI 0.25 to 1.23, P = 0.15). Tolerability of pTE and sTP was good. Most of the trials had at least a moderate risk of bias. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Overall, we found neither evidence that the addition of pTE to antineoplastic treatment reduced the risk of death or disease progression nor that it improved the rate of tumour responses to antineoplastic treatment. For thymosin α(1), there was a trend for a reduced risk of dying and of improved DFS. There was preliminary evidence that pTE lowered the risk of severe infectious complications in patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Wolf
- Klinikum NordMedizinische Klinik 5‐Schwerpunkt Onkologie/HaematologieProf.‐Ernst‐Nathan‐Str. 1NuernbergGermany90340
| | - Stefania Milazzo
- Paracelsus Medical University, Klinikum NuernbergDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology and HematologyProf.‐Ernst‐Nathan‐Str. 1NuernbergGermanyD‐90419
| | - Katja Boehm
- Klinikum NordMedizinische Klinik 5‐Schwerpunkt Onkologie/HaematologieProf.‐Ernst‐Nathan‐Str. 1NuernbergGermany90340
| | - Marcel Zwahlen
- University of BernInstitute of Social and Preventive MedicineFinkelhubelweg11BernSwitzerland3012
| | - Markus Horneber
- Paracelsus Medical University, Klinikum NurembergDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology and HematologyProf.‐Ernst‐Nathan‐Str. 1NurembergGermanyD‐90419
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Zimecki M, Artym J, Kocięba M, Kuryszko J, Kaleta-Kuratewicz K, Marycz K. Calf thymus extract attenuates severity of experimental encephalomyelitis in Lewis rats. Folia Neuropathol 2010; 48:246-257. [PMID: 21225507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of treatment of Lewis rats with calf thymus extract (TFX®) and its six-peptide fraction on the course of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE). Interferon- ß served as a reference drug. We found that intramuscular administration of the thymus extract fraction significantly reduced clinical, immunological, histological, and ultrastructural alterations inherent in the disease. We suggest that TFX® or TFX®-derived fractions have potential as therapeutics in treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Zimecki
- Department of Experimental Therapy, Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Weigla 12, Wrocław, Poland.
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Lin'kova NS, Poliakova VO, Trofimov AV, Sevost'ianova NN, Kvetnoĭ IM. [Influence of peptides from pineal gland on thymus function at aging]. Adv Gerontol 2010; 23:543-546. [PMID: 21510076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The interference between thymus and pineal gland during their involution is considered in this review. The research data about influence of thymus peptides on pineal gland and pineal peptides on thymus is summarized. Analysis of these data showed that pineal peptides (epithalamin, epitalon) had more effective geroprotective effect on thymus involution in comparison with geroprotective effect of thymic peptides (thymalin, thymogen) on involution of pineal gland. The key mechanisms of pineal peptides effect on thymus dystrophy is immunoendocrine cooperation, which is realized as transcription's activation of various proteins.
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7
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Ostendorf GM. [Personal brand thymus extracts]. Versicherungsmedizin 2009; 61:180-181. [PMID: 20052832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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8
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Briskin BS, Khachatrian NN, Peters GE, Kasat'ian GS, Fesenko TA. [Immunocorrection in the treatment of diffuse peritonitis in aged patients]. Khirurgiia (Mosk) 2008:19-26. [PMID: 19008810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The results of treatment of 161 patients with diffuse forms of peritonitis with, using of the immunostimulators are analyzed. The algorithm of staged complex immunocorrection for patients with acute pancreatitis, including aged patients, is worked out. The use of it improves the results of treatment and allows decrease the morbidity.
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9
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Ostendorf GM. ["Medically necessary" for treatment of skin cancer?]. MMW Fortschr Med 2007; 149:10. [PMID: 17999454 DOI: 10.1007/bf03365142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
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10
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Huang HQ, Cai QC, Shi YX, Lin XB, Wei J, Guo Y, Pan ZH. [Preliminary assessment of immune reconstitution after autologous peripheral hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT)]. Ai Zheng 2006; 25:1023-8. [PMID: 16965687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Though high dose chemo-therapy combined with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) has made great progress on the treatment of chemo-sensitive malignant tumors, the relapse rate remains high. Successful immune reconstitution after AHSCT may reduce recurrence; therefore this study was to explore the characteristics of immune reconstitution after AHSCT and assess its feasibility in clinical use. METHODS Twenty four cases after AHSCT were enrolled in our study. There were 19 Non-hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL), 3 Hodgkin Lymphoma (HD) and 2 rhabdomyosarcoma. Nineteen cases had achieved complete remission (CR) while 5 partial remission (PR) before AHSCT. All cases were administered Interleukin (IL)-2 and Interferon (IFN)-alpha after AHSCT. Some patients were given thymus factor and/or CIK infusion. Phenotypes of peripheral blood T, B, NK subsets and immunological profile of TH1/TH2 by intracellular staining of cytokines after PMA/ionomycin stimulation were evaluated. RESULTS 75% of the cases achieved CR while 4.17% were progression of disease (PD) and 16.67% were relapsed during the median follow-up time of 12 (2-60) months. The changes of immune parameters after AHSCT were as followed: (1) CD4+T cells (normal control 33.5+/-6.9%) started to decrease dramatically one month after AHSCT, which was 2.5-13% (median rate 5.6%)in the 2nd month; and then slowly increased to 10-20% in the 7th month, but did not return back to normal even after one year in all patients. In addition, reversed ratio of CD4/CD8 lasted for a long period of time. B cells also began to decrease 1 month after AHSCT, and recovered to normal in the 4th month. But B cells remained 0% in the 6th month and 1% in 12th month in patients treated by rituximab before receiving AHSCT. The ratio of NK cells was 10-20% (higher than normal controls) in the 2nd month, then returned to normal thereafter. (2) The cytokine secretion by T cell: there were 48.79% patients whose TH1 was lower than normal controls or at the lower limit of normal range. All the patients with normal TH1 were treated by IFN-alpha or CIK cell infusion. TH2 was much higher than normal level among 68.29% cases and this abnormality lasted at least for 1 year in some cases. TH2 at normal range was only observed in cases receiving IFN-alpha treatment. Furthermore, IFN-alpha could significantly decrease TH2 level. (3) Increasing tendency of CD4+CD25+/CD4+, CD4+CD69+/CD4+ ratio was observed in patients received additional thymus factor treatment compared to those did not. CONCLUSIONS Administration of CIK cells, thymus factor, IL-2 and IFN-alpha after AHSCT could improve the immunologic function of patients, and TH1/TH2 ratio may virtually reflect the immune status of patients. However more information is required to make prognostic assessments of immune reconstruction and the long-term survival rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Qiang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P. R. China.
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11
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Jabłonowska E, Tchórzewski H, Lewkowicz P, Kuydowicz J. Reactive oxygen intermediates and serum antioxidative system in patients with chronic C hepatitis treated with IFN-alpha and thymus factor X. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2005; 53:529-33. [PMID: 16407785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2005] [Accepted: 09/01/2005] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In this study, the chemiluminescence (CL) of peripheral blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) and the serum total antioxidative system (TAS) were assessed in patients with chronic C hepatitis (CCH) before and after 3 and 6 months of treatment with interferon (IFN)-alpha and thymus factor X (TFX). MATERIAL/METHODS The study included 26 patients with CCH aged between 25-63 years (mean: 42.67). Combined therapy with IFN-alpha 2a and a TFX preparation was applied. PMNL metabolic activity was assessed applying the whole-blood CL method. We measured CL response of neutrophils unstimulated and stimulated by opsonized zymosan, N-formyl-methionylleucyl-phenylalanine (N-fMLP), and phorbol-myristate-acetate (PMA) without and after priming with tumor necrosis factor alpha (10 ng/ml). The assessment of serum TAS was performed directly before the beginning of therapy with IFN-alpha and TFX and after 3 and 6 months of the treatment. A colorimetric method based on the reduction of the cationic radical ABTS*(+) (cation 2, 2'-azido-bis-[3-ethylobenzothiazolino-6-sulfonate]) in the presence of serum antioxidants was used. RESULTS As a result of the treatment with IFN-alpha and TFX, the formation of free oxygen radicals by resting (unprimed) neutrophils increased statistically significantly both without stimulation and following stimulation by fMLP and PMA. A statistically significant increase in the serum antioxidant capacity was observed, which suggests the induction of compensatory processes. CONCLUSIONS Increased in vitro reactive oxygen species production by both stimulated and unstimulated peripheral blood neutrophils of patients with CCH was observed. Treatment with IFN-alpha and TFX resulted in a compensatory increase in serum antioxidative capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elzbieta Jabłonowska
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Łódź, Kniaziewicza 1/5, 91-347 Łódź, Poland.
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12
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Basso A, Rossolini G, Piantanelli A, Amici D, Calzuola I, Mancinelli L, Marsili V, Gianfranceschi GL. Aging reversibility: from thymus graft to vegetable extract treatment-- application to cure an age-associated pathology. Biogerontology 2005; 6:245-53. [PMID: 16333758 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-005-2620-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2004] [Accepted: 05/24/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Neonatal thymus graft and thymus calf extract (TME) in vivo treatment exert similar corrective actions on different mouse age-related alterations. The aim of the present paper is to investigate whether a vegetal extract, wheat sprout extract (WESPRE), could mimic the thymus action on recovering age-related alterations and if this extract can cure an age-associated pathology, the cataract in dogs. Present experiments were carried out by using WESPRE and TME in vivo in old mice to check their ability to recover the altered DNA synthesis in hepatocyte primary cultures. Old mice treated with WESPRE and TME showed a recovery of hepatocyte DNA synthesis levels when compared with the old untreated ones. The increase of DNA and protein contents observed in aged animals is reduced by WESPRE treatments to levels observed in young mice hepatocytes. We measured also WESPRE phosphorylation activity by endogenous kinase: it was from 10 to 40 times higher with respect to wheat seeds. Old dogs were orally treated for a month and the lens opacity analysed before and after the treatment. Results showed a reduction from 25 to 40% of lens opacity. The efficacy of wheat sprouts in the recovery of age-related alterations and in treating age-associated pathologies could be due to the contemporary presence of small regulatory acid peptides, a remarkable level of highly energetic phosphoric radicals and antioxidant molecules, peculiarities that may be, to some extent, related to the aging process regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Basso
- Center of Biochemistry, Gerontological Research Department, I.N.R.C.A., Via Birarelli 8, I-60121, Anc -ona, Italy.
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Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most frequent malignancies worldwide. A variety of pharmacological strategies has been evaluated in the treatment of HCC: classical chemotherapy, tamoxifen, octreotide, thymostimulin, pravastatin, (131)I-lipiodol as well as transarterial chemoperfusion (TAC) and chemoembolisation (TACE). TACE monotherapy or TACE combined with pravastatin resulted in a survival benefit of selected HCC patients. New strategies such as immunotherapy, antiangiogenic agents or cyclooxygenase inhibitors are under clinical investigation and might play a role in future therapies for HCC. Efficient strategies for the primary prevention of HCC are available and promising concepts in the secondary prevention have been reported.
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MESH Headings
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/therapeutic use
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Animals
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/therapeutic use
- Anticholesteremic Agents/therapeutic use
- Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/therapeutic use
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/mortality
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/prevention & control
- Chemoembolization, Therapeutic
- Cyclohexanes
- Disease Models, Animal
- Genetic Therapy
- Humans
- Immunotherapy
- Liver Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Liver Neoplasms/mortality
- Liver Neoplasms/prevention & control
- Meta-Analysis as Topic
- Mice
- Multicenter Studies as Topic
- O-(Chloroacetylcarbamoyl)fumagillol
- Octreotide/therapeutic use
- Pilot Projects
- Pravastatin/therapeutic use
- Primary Prevention
- Prognosis
- Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
- Risk Factors
- Sesquiterpenes/therapeutic use
- Tamoxifen/administration & dosage
- Tamoxifen/therapeutic use
- Thymus Extracts/therapeutic use
- Time Factors
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Spangenberg
- Abteilung Innere Medizin II, Medizinische Universitätsklinik Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Germany
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14
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Papuashvili MN, Shchelkanov MI. [The efficiency of combined therapy of herpes virus infection in HIV infected patients]. Vopr Virusol 2004; 49:25-9. [PMID: 15106380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
The target of the case study was to investigate the efficiency of an alternative combined therapy scheme of herpes simplex infections versus the routine therapy by acyclovir or famvir as applicable to HIV-infected patients. leukinferon was shown to induce the antoherpetic acyclovir efficiency. The use of the latter concurrently with cycloferon for the treatment of infections provoked by herpes simple virus-1 (HSV-1) and HSV-2 in HIV-infected patients prolongs the remission period in case of the above opportunistic infections. The leukinferon anti-herpetic efficiency is, obviously, related with the phagocytosis stimulation and with its positive influence exerted on hemopoiesis. The combined therapy can be stated to be most effective in HIV, clinical stages B1 and 2.
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Stukalov SE, Shchepetneva MA, Kornienko VN. [Clinical-immunological and ecological research in diabetic retinopathy]. Vestn Oftalmol 2004; 120:36-9. [PMID: 15017777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Two hundred and ninety-six patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) were examined: conservative therapy and laser coagulation of the retina were applied in 120 and 176 of them, respectively. The ecological situation in the residence region and its impact on the morbidity and immune status of DR patients were analyzed. The comfort degree of the environment and the level of anthropogenic contamination affect the morbidity and immunogram results. Immune-correctors, i.e. T-activin, sodium nucleinate and laser blood irradiation (LBI), were used within treatment schemes in DR. Laser coagulation of the retina is advisable to assign in combination with sodium nucleinate and LBI in the aftercare of patients concurrently with complex therapy; T-activin is used, within conservative therapy, to correct the unfavorable ecological impact exerted on patient's body.
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Mufazalova NA, Treshchalin ID, Treshchalina EM, Sedakova LA, Andronova NV. Effects of T-Activin and Vitamin E on Toxicity and Antitumor Activity of Cyclophosphamide. Bull Exp Biol Med 2004; 137:37-9. [PMID: 15085241 DOI: 10.1023/b:bebm.0000024381.69886.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
We studied the effect of combination treatment with T-activin and vitamin E on acute toxicity and antitumor activity of cyclophosphamide in mice. Combined administration of these preparations 1.37-fold increased the maximum permissible dose of cyclophosphamide without affecting its LD(50)and delayed mouse death from cyclophosphamide toxicity. Most mice died only 3 days after combination treatment with the test preparations and cyclophosphamide in doses of LD(16)-LD(84). The second peak of death from hematologic toxicity of cyclophosphamide was absent under these conditions. T-activin and vitamin E did not abolish the antitumor effect of cyclophosphamide on mice with subcutaneously implanted P-388 lympholeukemia. Tumor growth was suppressed by 100%.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Mufazalova
- Department of Pharmacology No. 1, Course of Clinical Pharmacology, Bashkirian State Medical University, Ufa.
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17
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Shanker A, Singh SM. Immunopotentiation in mice bearing a spontaneous transplantable T-cell lymphoma: role of thymic extract. Neoplasma 2003; 50:272-9. [PMID: 12937840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Progressive ascitic growth of a spontaneous transplantable T-cell lymphoma, designated as Dalton's lymphoma (DL), in a murine host has been shown to be associated with an involution of thymus accompanied by a massive depletion of the cortical region and an alteration in the distribution of thymocytes by a decrease of CD4+CD8+, CD4+CD8- and CD4-CD8+ phenotypes caused by an enhanced induction of apoptosis in thymocytes. Moreover, an inhibition of humoral and cell mediated immune responses involving non-specific as well as antigen-specific T cell proliferative and cytolytic abilities with a decrease in the production of interferon gamma (IFNg) by the T cells of DL bearing mice has been observed. Results of the present study show that the administration of total thymic extract (TE) in DL bearing mice results in an increased survival of the DL bearing mice alongwith a significant increase in the weight of thymus and the total number of thymocytes with a lesser number of percent apoptotic thymocytes as compared to that in untreated DL-bearing mice. It is also shown that TE administration has a positive immunomodulatory effect on T cell functions as T cells obtained from TE administered DL bearing mice show an increased IFNg, production and an improved antigen specific proliferative ability. Moreover, the study indicates that TE acts directly on T cells as in an in vitro assay TE antagonised DL growth-associated induction of thymocyte apoptosis. Taken together, the results support the immunomodulatory function of the adult thymus and utilization of thymus derived factors as a potential immunotherapeutic agent for reversing tumor growth-associated immunosuppression.
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MESH Headings
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/pharmacology
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/therapeutic use
- Animals
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- DNA Fragmentation
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Immunotherapy
- Interferon-gamma/metabolism
- Lymphoma, T-Cell/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, T-Cell/immunology
- Lymphoma, T-Cell/mortality
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Neoplasm Transplantation
- Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Neoplasms, Experimental/immunology
- Neoplasms, Experimental/mortality
- Organ Size/drug effects
- Survival Rate
- T-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes/pathology
- Thymus Extracts/pharmacology
- Thymus Extracts/therapeutic use
- Thymus Gland/drug effects
- Thymus Gland/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- A Shanker
- Center of Immunology Marseille-Luminy, CNRS-INSERM-Mediteranian University, Marseille, 13288 France.
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18
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Arutiunian VM, Grigorian EG. [Effectiveness of using immunomodulators in combined treatment of patients with chronic gastritis and ulcer disease]. Klin Med (Mosk) 2003; 81:33-5. [PMID: 12856566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Clinical and instrumental-laboratory investigations have been conducted in 372 patients with chronic antral gastritis (CAG, n = 131), diffuse gastritis (DG, n = 108) and ulcer disease (UD, n = 135). Immunomodulators tactivin and levamisol were added to standard treatment of 75 CAG, 63 DG and 85 UD patients. Healing of the lesions was observed, on the average, on the treatment day 24.3 +/- 0.5 and 18.4 +/- 0.6 in the standard treatment and with the added immunomodulator, respectively. Adjuvant levamisol diminished the number of recurrences of chronic gastritis and UD.
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19
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Roux ME, Marquez MG, Olmos S, Frecha CA, Florin-Christensen A. Compartmentalisation between gut and lung mucosae in a model of secondary immunodeficiency: effect of thymomodulin. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2003; 16:151-6. [PMID: 12797906 DOI: 10.1177/039463200301600209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Compartmentalisation of mucosal immune response seems to be the result mainly of the preferential migration of activated cells back to their inductive sites. The aim of this report was to demonstrate, in a model of secondary immunodeficiency in Wistar rats (severely protein deprived at weaning and refed with casein 20%; group R21), that the oral administration of Thymomodulin (group:R21TmB) has different effects on gut and BALT (Bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue). Tissue sections (5 mu) were studied by immunohistochemistry 1). The oral administration of Thymomodulin restores only in gut Lamina propria (LP) the IgA B and CD4 T cell populations to control levels. The CD8a and CD25 subpopulations do not vary in gut as they return to control levels when refed with 20% casein diet. All the populations mentioned above remained decreased even after receiving Thymomodulin by the oral route. However, the same behaviour was observed for the TCR delta T cells that were decreased and return to normal levels in both mucosae by the effect of the immunomodulator; 2) when studying the iIEL (intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes) CD8 alpha, CD25 and TCR gamma delta T cells, that were increased in R21, return to control levels in R21TmB. In BALT intraepithelium CD8 alpha and CD25 T cells remained decreased, while only TCR gamma delta T cells (increased in R21) return to control values. CONCLUSIONS 1) there exists a compartmentalisation between both mucosae, as T CD4+ and IgA B+ cells are restored by TmB only in gut; 2) only those iIEL involved in inflammation (CD8 alpha+/CD25+ and TCR gamma delta+/CD25+) are normalised by means of the Thymomodulin 3) however, in BALT,only TCR gamma delta+ T cells are restored 4) the oral administration of the present immunomodulator may be useful as a therapeutic agent, although the preferential survival in the tissue of initial stimulation is the major factor in the preferential distribution of activated cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Roux
- Laboratorio Immunología Celular, Cátedra de Fisiopatplogía Facultad de Farmacia y Bioqímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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20
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Akhmedov RM, Ochilov UB, Mirkhodzhaev IA, Komilov TS, Makliev BI. [Prevention and treatment of postoperative complications of hepatic echinococcosis]. Med Parazitol (Mosk) 2003:18-21. [PMID: 12886586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
The paper presents the outcomes of surgical treatment in 117 patients with complicated liver echinococciasis in the past 9 years. Hepatic function and immunity, their pre- and postoperative changes in the combined use of essentiale and T-activin were studied. It has been found that the functional status of the liver, its detoxifying function in particular, largely impairs and immunosuppression develops in patients with complicated liver echinococciasis. The postoperative combined use of essentiale and T-activin led to the normalization of hepatic function and immunity. The combined treatment reduced the incidence of postoperative complications from 34.83 to 17.2%, such as acute hepatic failure, suppuration of a wound and a residual cavity, isolated abdominal abscesses, pleurisy, and pneumonia.
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21
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Hrinevych II, Bendiuh HD, Ostapenko OM. [Effect of thymostimulin on endocrine thymus function in thyroidectomized rats during suppressive hormone therapy]. Fiziol Zh (1994) 2003; 49:43-6. [PMID: 14965037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Due to disorders of hormonal balance in the organism, a decrease in thymic endocrine function occurred in rats after thyroidectomy. After removing the thyroid gland, we observed 1,3-2,2-fold decrease in the level of thymic hormone thymulin in the blood serum. When thyroxin was applied at a suppressive dose, endocrine function of the thymus did not restore. Injections of thymostimulin (Tp1) or its combination with thyroxin to thyroidectomized animals restored the level of thymulin up to the level in the intact rats due to effects of either injected preparation or induction of substances possessing thymosine-like activity.
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22
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Klimov AN, Nagornev VA, Denisenko AD, Konstantinov VO. [The autoimmune theory of the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and related new treatment ways]. Vestn Ross Akad Med Nauk 2003:29-34. [PMID: 14724969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
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23
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Zaĭrat'iants OV, Kolobov SV, Iarema IV, Shevchenko VP. [Secondary autoimmune syndrome and immunomodulating lymphotropic therapy in acute pancreatitis]. Arkh Patol 2002; 64:51-6. [PMID: 12534231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
Immune status and condition of regional lymphoid tissue were studied in 28 patients with various forms of acute pancreatitis untreated with immunomodulating therapy and in 12 patients receiving combined therapy including lymphotropic regional therapy with T-activin. Acute pancreatitis patients were found to have aquired immunodeficiency, secondary autoimmune syndrome and reaction of toxic immune complexes the severity of which decreased under the action of T-activin therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- O V Zaĭrat'iants
- Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Medical Education, 129995, Moscow
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24
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Martin T, Uhder K, Kurek R, Roeddiger S, Schneider L, Vogt HG, Heyd R, Zamboglou N. Does prophylactic treatment with proteolytic enzymes reduce acute toxicity of adjuvant pelvic irradiation? Results of a double-blind randomized trial. Radiother Oncol 2002; 65:17-22. [PMID: 12413670 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(02)00192-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Does prophylactic treatment with proteolytic enzymes reduce acute toxicity of adjuvant pelvic radiotherapy? MATERIAL AND METHODS Fifty-six patients with an indication for adjuvant pelvic irradiation after curative surgery were double-blind randomized. All patients took 3 x 4 capsules study medication daily during radiotherapy. Twenty-eight patients in the enzyme group (EG) received capsules containing papain, trypsin and chymotrypsin, 28 in the placebo group (PG) received placebo capsules. All patients were irradiated with 5 x 1.8 Gy weekly to 50.4 Gy using four-field-box technique after CT-based planning. Primary objective was the grade of diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, fatigue and epitheliolysis during radiotherapy. Secondary objectives were the number of supportive medications and treatment interruptions due to acute toxicity. RESULTS None/mild diarrhea: 43% EG, 64% PG. Moderate/severe diarrhea: 57% EG, 36% PG (P = 0.11). Mean duration: 11 days in EG, 10 days in PG. None/mild nausea: 93% EG, 93% PG. Moderate/severe nausea: 7% EG, 7% PG. None/mild vomiting: 100% EG, 97% PG. None/mild fatigue: 82% EG, 93% PG. Moderate/severe fatigue: 18% EG, 7% PG (P = 0.23). None/mild epitheliolysis: 75% EG, 93% PG. Moderate/severe epitheliolysis: 25% EG, 7% PG (P = 0.16). Treatment interruption (mean days): 2.44 in EG, 1.46 in PG. Number of supportive medication: 29 in EG, 19 in PG. CONCLUSIONS The prophylactic use of proteolytic enzymes does not reduce acute toxicities, treatment interruptions and number of supportive medication and therefore does not improve tolerance of adjuvant pelvic radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Martin
- Strahlenklinik, Klinikum Offenbach, Starkenburgring 66, 63069 Offenbach am Main, Germany
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25
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Bobro LI, Grinevich IA, Bendiug GD. [Changes in immunogenesis organs after thyroidectomy and hormonal correction in an experiment]. Arkh Patol 2002; 64:45-51. [PMID: 12575542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
Regulating effect of thyroid hormones on functions of organs of the immune system has been demonstrated in the experiment. Deficiency of thyroid hormones affects thymulin synthesis and morphofunctional status of immunogenesis organs. Combination of thymostimulin and thyroxin in the thyroidectomized animals, as compared to their separate use, is pathogenetically the most adequate correcting therapy aiming normalization of structural and functional disorders in the thymus and spleen. Prolonged reaction of tissual basophils saturated with heparin, indicated hormonal activation of blood anticoagulative system, and complex of the above hormones can be used for prevention of thromboembolic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- L I Bobro
- Ukraine Institute of Oncology, 03022, Kiev
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26
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Kevorkov NN, Gorovits GA, Bakhmet'ev SA. [Likopid in the complex immunomodulating treatment of patients with sarcoidosis of the lung and intrathoracic lymph nodes]. TERAPEVT ARKH 2002; 74:55-8. [PMID: 11980125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
AIM To examine the functional status of the immune system in patients with lung and intrathoracic lymph nodes sarcoidosis and to evaluate the efficiency of immunomodulation alone and in its inclusion in combined treatment of the disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS 58 patients with the disease of varying severity were followed up. Comprehensive examination, involving clinical, immunological, X-ray, and physical studies, in patients treated with combined immunotherapy was performed. Initial examination revealed mixed immunodefficiency with impaired T- and phagocytic activity. According to the degree of immunological changes, the patients were given immunotherapy, including polyoxidonium, T-activin (or immunophan) injections, a complex of multivitamins and trace elements, and total adaptogens. After partial or complete normalization of an immunogram, all the patients received licopid (two-three 10-day courses, 10 mg/day). RESULTS The optimal result (as long as 3-year remission) was achieved in the first time diagnosed sarcoidosis who have not taken glucocorticoidal hormones. CONCLUSION The follow-up shows that addition of licopid is a compulsory component of immunotherapy in this disease; the efficiency of treatment is determined by its multimodality. The courses of therapy should be repeated when immunological indices deteriorated.
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27
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Janeczko J. [Immunomodulatory treatment of lymphopenia after infectious mononucleosis]. Przegl Epidemiol 2002; 55:433-41. [PMID: 11921729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Persistent lymphopenia of various intensity has been noted in 45% of persons who had a history of infectIous mononucleosis. The group consisted od 500 patients, (236 males and 264 females). In all of them the diagnosis of mononucleosis had been based on the characteristic clinical signs and symptoms and changes in the blood picture and confirmed by the non-specific and/or specific serologic tests. In 33 persons (10 males and 18 females) the total number of lymphocytes varied from 884 to 992 per 1 cmm, the distribution being as follows: B lymphocytes--146 to 198, CD4--482 to 645 and CD8--245 to 364 per 1 cmm. 18 persons (18 males and 10 females) were given thymosine (TFX) subcutaneously for 30 days in the dose of 0.02 g daily, the remaining 15 (7 males and 8 females) received 3.0 g of isoprinosine per day for the same period. The total lymphocytes count and that of B, CD4 and CD8 was performed before and after the treatment and then followed once a month until 180 days since the treatment had been started. The TFX therapy was repeated after 8-12 months since the end of the first course in 3 patients and that with isoprinosine in 4. The strategy and the examination pattern were the same as before, control examinations being performed every 6 months and final analysis was done after 5 years of follow-up. Among the 33 patients who received immunomodulating treatment, normalisation of the lymphocytes count appeared in 24 (64%). Among the 12 persons with less pronounced lymphopenia, who did not received any treatment, spontaneous normalisation appeared in 5 (40%). It may be therefore assumed, that in persons with the history of infectious mononucleosis with persistent marked lymphopenia, thymosine and isoprinosine may be used in the therapy as additional immunomodulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Janeczko
- Klinika Chorób Zakaźnych dla Dorosłych Instytutu Chorób Zakaźnych i Pasozytniczych AM w Warszawie
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28
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Mukhamedov NB, Inoiatova FI, Aripov OA, Kholimbetov G. [Endotoxemia in children with chronic viral hepatitis B and methods of its reduction]. Klin Lab Diagn 2002:11-3. [PMID: 11980135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
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29
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Venediktova MG. [Use of tactivin and imunofan for the treatment of patients with endometrial carcinoma]. Eksp Klin Farmakol 2001; 64:46-9. [PMID: 11764501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Immunofan and tactivin, employed as a means of immunological correction in the complex treatment of adenocarcinoma, decrease the onset frequency of radiation-induced complications and exhibit a pronounced immunocorrector effect. This was indicated by increasing level of lymphocytes (including CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, and CD19+), helper coefficient (CD4+/CD8+), and phagocyte activity of neutrophils, as well as by the tendency to normalization of the HCT-test results. Immunofan somewhat exceeds tactivin in the efficacy of endometrium adenocarcinoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Venediktova
- Regional Oncologic Dispensary, ul. 15 Let Oktyabrya 37, Tver, 170008 Russia
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30
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Karimov MM. [Use of extracts of Glycerrhiza glabra L. in the correction of some indices of local nonspecific defense in patients with protracted pulmonary pneumonia]. Lik Sprava 2001:123-5. [PMID: 11881346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Results are presented of studies on local nonspecific defence in patients with protracted pneumonia in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) during the course of conventional therapy involving the use of T-activin and extractum Glycerrhiza glabra L. The course of conventional therapy has not been shown to be associated with a substantial normalization of cytosis in the BALF cell precipitate or augmentation of sIgA content of lysozyme. T-activin makes for a reduction in the content of mature neutrophilous granulocytes and for an increase in humoral factors of defence. Extractum Glycerrhiza glabra L. has been found to be superior to T-activin in diminishing neutrophilic granulocytes count, increase in the BALF content of macrophages, lysozyme, s IgA; it proved to be endowed with an antiphospholipase activity, which facts predetermine apperant efficacy of the drug with respect to the lung local defence system in those patients presenting with protracted pneumonia.
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31
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Beuth J, Schierholz JM, Ko HL, Braun JM. Application-dependent immunomodulating and antimetastatic efficacy of thymic peptides in BALB/c-mice. In Vivo 2001; 15:403-6. [PMID: 11695237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
The immunomodulating and antimetastatic activity of clinically approved, low molecular weight, standardized thymic peptide (TP) preparations was evaluated in BALB/c-mice. Daily applications (subcutaneously, s.c.; intraperitoneally, i.p.; intramusculary, i.m.) of two commercially available TP preparations (7 consecutive days, 10, 50 and 100 micrograms per mouse and injection) up-regulated the thymus weight and thymocyte counts as well as peripheral blood leukocyte and lymphocyte counts in liver metastases-bearing mice. The immunomodulating activity of TP application was most pronounced and statistically significant for thymus weight and counts of thymocytes, leukocytes and lymphocytes after s.c. administration of both TP preparations and concentrations. I.p. and i.m. TP-injections were less effective at reaching statistical significance, however, for defined dosages and parameters, only. To evaluate the influence of TP on experimental liver metastases, RAW 117 lymphosarcoma cells were intravenously inoculated into BALB/c-mice. TP (10, 50, 100 micrograms/mouse) were s.c., i.p. and i.m. administered daily for 7 consecutive days starting 24 hours after tumor cell challenge. Liver colonization was investigated on day 14 after tumor cell inoculation and demonstrated a statistically significant (p < 0.05) reduction of experimental liver metastases for s.c. (both preparations and concentrations) as well as i.p. and i.m. (dose-dependent) TP-treated mice.
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MESH Headings
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/administration & dosage
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/pharmacology
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/therapeutic use
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Immunologic Factors/administration & dosage
- Immunologic Factors/pharmacology
- Immunologic Factors/therapeutic use
- Injections, Intramuscular
- Injections, Intraperitoneal
- Injections, Subcutaneous
- Leukocyte Count
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/prevention & control
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/secondary
- Lymphocyte Count
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/pathology
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/prevention & control
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Organ Size/drug effects
- Peptides/administration & dosage
- Peptides/pharmacology
- Peptides/therapeutic use
- Reproducibility of Results
- Thymus Extracts/administration & dosage
- Thymus Extracts/metabolism
- Thymus Extracts/pharmacology
- Thymus Extracts/therapeutic use
- Thymus Gland/chemistry
- Thymus Gland/drug effects
- Tissue Extracts/administration & dosage
- Tissue Extracts/pharmacology
- Tissue Extracts/therapeutic use
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Affiliation(s)
- J Beuth
- Institute for Scientific Evaluation of Naturopathy, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 10, 50931 Cologne, Germany.
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32
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Zemskov AM, Zemskov BM, Zoloedov VI, Lutskii MA. [Typical immune system responses to differential monotherapy with immune-correcting drugs]. Fiziol Cheloveka 2001; 27:97-103. [PMID: 11573419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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33
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Popiela T, Kulig J, Kłek S, Wachol D, Bock PR, Hanisch J. Enzyme therapy in patients with advanced colorectal cancer. Przegl Lek 2001; 57 Suppl 5:138-9. [PMID: 11202278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T Popiela
- 1st Department of General and Gastroenterological Surgery, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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34
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Popiela T, Kulig J, Kłek S, Wachol D, Bock PR, Hanisch J. Double-blind pilot-study on the efficacy of enzyme therapy in advanced colorectal cancer. Przegl Lek 2001; 57 Suppl 5:142. [PMID: 11202281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
All tested variables showed a tendency in favor for Wobe-Mugos E therapy as addition to standard therapy. Enzymes improve the quality of life by reducing cancer disease typical symptoms, they reduce side effects of chemo-/radiotherapy and they have a potential of prolonging life (preliminary data only).
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Affiliation(s)
- T Popiela
- 1st Department of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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35
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Gaĭbatov SP, Abdullaev MA, Gaĭbatov RS. [Hemorheological indices in patients with amebic abscesses of the liver and their correction]. Vestn Khir Im I I Grek 2001; 159:56-8. [PMID: 11011406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Hemorheological indices were studied in 89 patients. In 61 patients the authors have revealed somewhat increased viscosity potential of blood and negligible changes in the aggregation activity of erythrocytes which is thought by the authors to be due to the saved compensatory potentialities of the organism. In 28 patients with the complicated course of the disease the rheological parameters of blood became worse because of the suppressed compensatory potentialities of organism. So, in addition to the adequate transfusion-infusion therapy the complex of treatment must include immunostimulating means (Levamisole, Prodigiozan, Tactivin etc.).
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36
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Rohovyĭ II, Myslyts'kyĭ VF, Filipova LO, Shapovalov VP, Mahalias MV, Maĭkan RI, Chortyk IB. [The effect of the preparation Wobe-Mugos E on the functional and biochemical status of the kidneys in the polyuric stage of sublimate-induced nephropathy]. Fiziol Zh (1994) 2001; 46:51-6. [PMID: 11059387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
The protective effect of Wobe-Mugos appliance on the kidney function and biochemical state in polyuric stage of sublimate nephropathia at the moment of tubulointerstitial component formation was revealed in experiments on 40 white male rats. It appeared in the increase of hydrogenous ion excretion, titred acids, renal tissue fibrinolytic and proteolytic activity. The succinatdehydrogenase activation in renal cortex matter pointed out on the improvement of energy balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iu Ie Rohovyĭ
- Bucovinian State Medical Academy, Ministry of Public Health of the Ukraine, Chernivtsy
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37
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Karmańska K, Piekarska J, Widyma A. Attempts of modification of apoptosis in the course of experimental trichinellosis in mice. Wiad Parazytol 2001; 47:211-6. [PMID: 16888980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The influence of the some immunomodulators (PHA-P, TFX and dexamethasone) on the process of apoptosis, occurring in the course of trichinellosis in mice, has been studied. It has been found that PHA-P activates this process in the jejunum mucosa and prolongs it in the muscular inflammatory infiltration, whereas TFX has no influence and dexamethasone distinctly decreases the level of the apoptotic cells. The number of the intestinal trichinae on the successive days of infection was similar in all groups of animals, however, the number of the muscular larvae in the groups receiving immunostimulators was much lower and in the group treated with dexamethasone--a little higher than that in control. As in mice receiving PHA-P and TFX, the cellular inflammatory infiltration in the muscles was larger than that in control, and in the group to which dexamethasone was administrated--smaller, the authors think that it was extensiveness of the infiltration and not the level of the apoptotic cells that influenced the number of the outliving larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Karmańska
- W. Stefańiski Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences 50-375 Wrocław, Norwida
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38
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Kruesi WK. Scientific evidence of alternative treatments available. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2000; 217:1791. [PMID: 11132878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
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39
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Kolomoiets' MI, Kovalenko SV, Todoriko LD. [Effect of the preparation Wobe-Mugos E on parameters of the antioxidant defence system and morphofunctional erythrocyte status in patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis]. Lik Sprava 2000:100-4. [PMID: 11478274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
In the examination of 64 patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis, some specificities of functioning of decompensation mechanisms in the glutathione antiradical system were established as were changes in morphofunctional and receptor properties of erythrocytes in chronic obstructive bronchitis. The patients were shown to have derived benefit from a combined treatment involving the use of the enzymic drug preparation Wobe-Mugos E which was found to make for improvement of rheological properties of erythrocytes, their capability of depositing and transporting catecholamines.
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Biriukov IV, Streliaeva AV, Sadykov VM, Tursunov BS, Rasulov SM, Kovalenko FP. [Treatment of hydatid cysts' residual cavities (experimental and clinical study)]. Khirurgiia (Mosk) 2000:27-9. [PMID: 10842962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Experimental series of 60 cotton rats and 150 white mice infected with echinococcus showed that 80-100% glycerin and 3% peroxide solution were effective scolicidal solutions for inactivation of the parasite. 344 patients have been operated on for hydatid disease with inactivation of the parasite by means of these scolicidal solutions. Glycerin during the surgical management of the hydatid cysts is effective and harmless in uncomplicated hydatid liver disease and any hydatid pulmonary cysts. Glycerin is contraindicated in complicated hydatid liver disease because of immunity disturbance. In complicated hydatid liver disease management of the hydatid cysts by 3% peroxide is effective and harmless. It is necessary to correct the hydatid liver disease patients' immunity in the preoperative and postoperative periods. Tactivin and antiechinococcus drug SK-1 are effective immunomodulators in hydatid liver disease.
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41
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Smolanka II. [Systemic enzyme therapy with the preparation Wobe-Mugos E in the combined treatment of lung cancer patients]. Lik Sprava 2000:121-3. [PMID: 11031472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
A total of 44 patients with lung carcinoma underwent combined treatment involving systemic enzyme therapy with Wobe-Mugos E. In conducting radio- and polychemotherapy, the above enzyme therapy did not complicate the postoperative course, with the pyo-septic complications having gotten reduced, the origination of pneumofibroses prevented.
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42
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Hanul VL, Smolanka II, Ponomar'ova OV. [Application of systemic enzyme therapy in combined treatment of patients with pulmonary cancer and malignant thymoma]. Klin Khir 2000:17-9. [PMID: 11288269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
The systemic enzymotherapy using Wobe-Mugos E in the combined treatment of 32 patients with pulmonary cancer and of 21 patients with malignant thymoma was applied. After the chemotherapy and radiotherapy conduction the reduction of the postoperative septic-purulent complications, the pneumofibrosis occurrence prophylaxis was noted.
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Kerbl K, Zisch R. Local transrectal enzymatic treatment for chronic nonbacterial prostatitis and prostatodynia: initial clinical experience. Tech Urol 2000; 6:22-5. [PMID: 10708143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
We report our initial clinical experience with local transrectal application of enzymatic treatment for chronic nonbacterial prostatitis and prostatodynia in 20 patients. Using a specially designed symptom score for evaluation of subjective treatment parameters, a statistically significant improvement of symptoms was found in the areas of pain, micturition, and recreational activities. No statistically significant differences were noted in laboratory values before and after treatment. Minimal local side effects were seen in only one patient. A favorable clinical response was noted in 75% of patients, whereas the remaining 25% showed only moderate improvement of symptoms. No patient experienced complete treatment failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kerbl
- Department of Urology, University of Vienna, Austria
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Aleksandrovskiĭ IA, Chekhonin VP. [Clinical and immunological studies in borderline mental disorders: problems and solutions]. Vestn Ross Akad Med Nauk 1999:12-5. [PMID: 10467878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
The study demonstrated that patients having an acute response to stress and those with adaptative disorders with prevailing short-term depressive disorders had certain immunological disorders. Therapy with tranquilizers indicated that they produced an inhibitory effect on T- and B-cell immunity, antibody formation and lymphokine production. Among the immunomodulating peptides myelopid, licopid, and Tactivin, the former was found to be the most effective against anxiety and fear while licopid was the most effective agent in the treatment of psychoasthenic disorders. The findings suggest that therapy with psychotropic peptides will open new vistas in treating mental disorders.
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Arion VI, Morozov II, Petrov RV, Lopukhin IM. [From transplantation of the thymus to molecular reconstruction of the immune system]. Vestn Ross Akad Med Nauk 1999:15-9. [PMID: 10394294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
The results of the first global grafting of the thymus and a thymus-sternum block are given. The grafting of immunocompetent organs in children with the Louis-Bar syndrome is shown to cause to a partial and in some cases significant recovery of immunological parameters. Thus, blast-cell transformation showed 10-40% increases, the titers of antibodies to Staphylococcus and Escherichia coli rose, and immunoglobulin A that was generally absent in these children before surgery appeared. The clinical effect of grafting was noticeably observed 20-30 days after surgery. The most significant parameters were as follows: cessation of sinusitis, rhinitis, bronchitis, and purulent skin lesions. Neurological syndromes improved: tremor and staggering gait diminished, ocular convergence normalized. Thereafter such operations were made in 27 patients with Bruton's disease and in 3 patients with lymphogranulomatosis. The grafting of immunocompetent organs led to the design of agents derived from the thyroid gland (Tactivin) and bone marrow (myelopid). The immunobiological and clinical effects of Tactivin in the past 15-20 years are given in detail. The basic principles in immunomodulating therapy with thymic agents are presented.
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Novikov VI, Molotkov OV, Podcheko AP, Babichev AV. [The effect of thymic peptides on the development of streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus]. Patol Fiziol Eksp Ter 1999:25-8. [PMID: 10498991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
Streptosotocin was administered to 21 test animals and 19 control ones. Preventively, the former were given T-activin, the latter--saline. 73% of the test animals were free of hyperglycemia, insulinopenia, activation of lipid peroxidation, morphologic evidence of beta-cell damage. In control animals diabetes mellitus arose in 84% manifesting with marked hyperglycemia, insulinopenia, LPO activation, morphological signs of beta-cell damage, lymphocytic infiltration of the islets. From the results obtained it can be concluded that T-activin has a prominent protective effect against diabetes mellitus (chi-square = 6.34, p < 0.05) which can be explained by its antioxidant and immunotropic activity.
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Platonov IA, Andreeva TA. [The effect of tactivin and levamisole on the development of toxic brain edema-swelling]. Eksp Klin Farmakol 1999; 62:62-4. [PMID: 10513341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
Edema-swelling of the brain (ESB) is among the urgent problems of modern medicine. The purpose of the research was the study of the effect of immunotropic agents on formation of the pathologic process. It was demonstrated on a model of toxic ESB that taktivin and levamisole possess antiedemic activity. The effect is dose-dependent and is determined by the structural characteristics of the drugs under study. Unlike taktivin, large doses of levamisole demonstrate synergism with the effect of the edematous factor.
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50
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Baraboĭ VA, Oleĭnik SA. [Stress in the etiology of radiation injury. Role of regulatory mechanisms]. Radiats Biol Radioecol 1999; 39:438-43. [PMID: 10542874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
Radiation damage as stress is regarded in the review. The place of lipid peroxidation in the starting of stress reaction and the possibility of the application of antioxidants and thymus preparations as factors which lower the hardness of radiation damage are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- V A Baraboĭ
- Ukrainian Research Institute of Oncology and Radiology, Kiev
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