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López de Las Hazas MC, Gil-Zamorano J, Cofán M, Mantilla-Escalante DC, Garcia-Ruiz A, Del Pozo-Acebo L, Pastor O, Yañez-Mo M, Mazzeo C, Serra-Mir M, Doménech M, Valls-Pedret C, Rajaram S, Sabaté J, Ros E, Sala-Vila A, Dávalos A. One-year dietary supplementation with walnuts modifies exosomal miRNA in elderly subjects. Eur J Nutr 2021; 60:1999-2011. [PMID: 32979076 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02390-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Epidemiological studies and clinical trials support the association of nut consumption with a lower risk of prevalent non-communicable diseases, particularly cardiovascular disease. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying nut benefits remain to be fully described. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression and play a pivotal role in health and disease. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles released from cells and mediate intercellular communication. Whether nut consumption modulates circulating miRNAs (c-miRNAs) transported in exosomes is poorly described. METHODS Cognitively healthy elderly subjects were randomized to either control (n = 110, abstaining from walnuts) or daily supplementation with walnuts (15% of their total energy, ≈30-60 g/day, n = 101) for 1-year. C-miRNAs were screened in exosomes isolated from 10 samples, before and after supplementation, and identified c-miRNA candidates were validated in the whole cohort. In addition, nanoparticle tracking analysis and lipidomics were assessed in pooled exosomes from the whole cohort. RESULTS Exosomal hsa-miR-32-5p and hsa-miR-29b-3p were consistently induced by walnut consumption. No major changes in exosomal lipids, nanoparticle concentration or size were found. CONCLUSION Our results provide novel evidence that certain c-miRNAs transported in exosomes are modulated by walnut consumption. The extent to which this finding contributes to the benefits of walnuts deserves further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- María-Carmen López de Las Hazas
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism, Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA)-Alimentación, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Ctra. De Cantoblanco 8, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Judit Gil-Zamorano
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism, Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA)-Alimentación, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Ctra. De Cantoblanco 8, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Montserrat Cofán
- Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d´Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diana C Mantilla-Escalante
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism, Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA)-Alimentación, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Ctra. De Cantoblanco 8, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Almudena Garcia-Ruiz
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism, Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA)-Alimentación, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Ctra. De Cantoblanco 8, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lorena Del Pozo-Acebo
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism, Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA)-Alimentación, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Ctra. De Cantoblanco 8, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Oscar Pastor
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Servicio de Bioquímica Clínica (UCA-CCM), Hospital Ramón y Cajal-IRYCIS, 28034, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Yañez-Mo
- Department of Molecular Biology, UAM, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBM-SO), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carla Mazzeo
- Department of Molecular Biology, UAM, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBM-SO), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercè Serra-Mir
- Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d´Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Monica Doménech
- Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d´Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cinta Valls-Pedret
- Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d´Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sujatha Rajaram
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyle and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, 92350, USA
| | - Joan Sabaté
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyle and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, 92350, USA
| | - Emilio Ros
- Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Institut d´Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aleix Sala-Vila
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, 08003, Spain.
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, IMIM, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Alberto Dávalos
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism, Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA)-Alimentación, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Ctra. De Cantoblanco 8, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
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2
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Suárez H, Andreu Z, Mazzeo C, Toribio V, Pérez‐Rivera AE, López‐Martín S, García‐Silva S, Hurtado B, Morato E, Peláez L, Arribas EA, Tolentino‐Cortez T, Barreda‐Gómez G, Marina AI, Peinado H, Yáñez‐Mó M. CD9 inhibition reveals a functional connection of extracellular vesicle secretion with mitophagy in melanoma cells. J Extracell Vesicles 2021; 10:e12082. [PMID: 34012515 PMCID: PMC8114031 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tetraspanins are often used as Extracellular Vesicle (EV) detection markers because of their abundance on these secreted vesicles. However, data on their function on EV biogenesis are controversial and compensatory mechanisms often occur upon gene deletion. To overcome this handicap, we have compared the effects of tetraspanin CD9 gene deletion with those elicited by cytopermeable peptides with blocking properties against tetraspanin CD9. Both CD9 peptide or gene deletion reduced the number of early endosomes. CD9 peptide induced an increase in lysosome numbers, while CD9 deletion augmented the number of MVB and EV secretion, probably because of compensatory CD63 expression upregulation. In vivo, CD9 peptide delayed primary tumour cell growth and reduced metastasis size. These effects on cell proliferation were shown to be concomitant with an impairment in mitochondrial quality control. CD9 KO cells were able to compensate the mitochondrial malfunction by increasing total mitochondrial mass reducing mitophagy. Our data thus provide the first evidence for a functional connection of tetraspanin CD9 with mitophagy in melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henar Suárez
- Departamento de Biología MolecularUniversidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM)MadridSpain
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo OchoaInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa (IIS‐IP)MadridSpain
| | - Zoraida Andreu
- Departamento de Biología MolecularUniversidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM)MadridSpain
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo OchoaInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa (IIS‐IP)MadridSpain
| | - Carla Mazzeo
- Departamento de Biología MolecularUniversidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM)MadridSpain
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo OchoaInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa (IIS‐IP)MadridSpain
| | - Víctor Toribio
- Departamento de Biología MolecularUniversidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM)MadridSpain
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo OchoaInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa (IIS‐IP)MadridSpain
| | | | - Soraya López‐Martín
- Departamento de Biología MolecularUniversidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM)MadridSpain
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo OchoaInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa (IIS‐IP)MadridSpain
| | | | - Begoña Hurtado
- Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO)MadridSpain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Héctor Peinado
- Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO)MadridSpain
| | - María Yáñez‐Mó
- Departamento de Biología MolecularUniversidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM)MadridSpain
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo OchoaInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa (IIS‐IP)MadridSpain
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3
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Fernandez-García CE, Burillo E, Lindholt JS, Martinez-Lopez D, Pilely K, Mazzeo C, Michel JB, Egido J, Garred P, Blanco-Colio LM, Martin-Ventura JL. Association of ficolin-3 with abdominal aortic aneurysm presence and progression. J Thromb Haemost 2017; 15:575-585. [PMID: 28039962 DOI: 10.1111/jth.13608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Essentials Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is asymptomatic and its evolution unpredictable. To find novel potential biomarkers of AAA, microvesicles are an excellent source of biomarkers. Ficolin-3 is increased in microvesicles obtained from activated platelets and AAA tissue. Increased ficolin-3 plasma levels are associated with AAA presence and progression. SUMMARY Background Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) patients are usually asymptomatic and AAA evolution is unpredictable. Ficolin-3, mainly synthesized by the liver, is a molecule of the lectin complement-activation pathway involved in AAA pathophysiology. Objectives To define extra-hepatic sources of ficolin-3 in AAA and investigate the role of ficolin-3 as a biomarker of the presence and progression of AAA. Methods Microvesicles (exosomes and microparticles) were isolated from culture-conditioned medium of ADP-activated platelets, as well as from AAA tissue-conditioned medium (thrombus and wall). Ficolin-3 levels were analyzed by western-blot, real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry and ELISA. Results Increased ficolin-3 levels were observed in microvesicles isolated from activated platelets. Similarly, microvesicles released from AAA tissue display increased ficolin-3 levels as compared with those from healthy tissue. Moreover, ficolin-3 mRNA levels in the AAA wall were greatly increased compared with healthy aortic walls. Immunohistochemistry of AAA tissue demonstrated increased ficolin-3, whereas little staining was present in healthy walls. Finally, increased ficolin-3 levels were observed in AAA patients' plasma (n = 478) compared with control plasma (n = 176), which persisted after adjustment for risk factors (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 5.29; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.27, 8.57)]. Moreover, a positive association of ficolin-3 with aortic diameter (Rho, 0.25) and need for surgical repair was observed, also after adjustment for potential confounding factors (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.11, 2.15). Conclusions In addition to its hepatic expression, ficolin-3 may be released into the extracellular medium via microvesicles, by both activated cells and pathological AAA tissue. Ficolin-3 plasma levels are associated with the presence and progression of AAA, suggesting its potential role as a biomarker of AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-E Fernandez-García
- Vascular Research Laboratory, FIIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Burillo
- Vascular Research Laboratory, FIIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain
| | - J S Lindholt
- Department of Thoracic, Heart and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Odense, Odense, Denmark
| | - D Martinez-Lopez
- Vascular Research Laboratory, FIIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain
| | - K Pilely
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Immunology, Sect.7631, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - C Mazzeo
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Molecular Biology Center/CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - J-B Michel
- Inserm, U1148, Université Paris 7, CHU X-Bichat, Paris, France
| | - J Egido
- Vascular Research Laboratory, FIIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - P Garred
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Immunology, Sect.7631, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - L M Blanco-Colio
- Vascular Research Laboratory, FIIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - J L Martin-Ventura
- Vascular Research Laboratory, FIIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
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Cañas JA, Sastre B, Mazzeo C, Fernández-Nieto M, Rodrigo-Muñoz JM, González-Guerra A, Izquierdo M, Barranco P, Quirce S, Sastre J, Del Pozo V. Exosomes from eosinophils autoregulate and promote eosinophil functions. J Leukoc Biol 2017; 101:1191-1199. [PMID: 28096299 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.3ab0516-233rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Eosinophils are able to secrete exosomes that have an undefined role in asthma pathogenesis. We hypothesized that exosomes released by eosinophils autoregulate and promote eosinophil function. Eosinophils of patients with asthma (n = 58) and healthy volunteers (n = 16) were purified from peripheral blood, and exosomes were isolated and quantified from eosinophils of the asthmatic and healthy populations. Apoptosis, adhesion, adhesion molecules expression, and migration assays were performed with eosinophils in the presence or absence of exosomes from healthy and asthmatic individuals. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were evaluated by flow cytometry with an intracellular fluorescent probe and nitric oxide (NO) and a colorimetric kit. In addition, exosomal proteins were analyzed by mass spectrometry. Eosinophil-derived exosomes induced an increase in NO and ROS production on eosinophils. Moreover, exosomes could act as a chemotactic factor on eosinophils, and they produced an increase in cell adhesion, giving rise to a specific augmentation of adhesion molecules, such as ICAM-1 and integrin α2. Protein content between exosomes from healthy and asthmatic individuals seems to be similar in both groups. In conclusion, we found that exosomes from the eosinophils of patients with asthma could modify several specific eosinophil functions related to asthma pathogenesis and that they could contribute fundamentally to the development and maintenance of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Antonio Cañas
- Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Sastre
- Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carla Mazzeo
- Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mar Fernández-Nieto
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Allergy, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Andrés González-Guerra
- Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Izquierdo
- Department of Biochemistry, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, CSIC-UAM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; and
| | - Pilar Barranco
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Allergy, Hospital La Paz-Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Quirce
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Allergy, Hospital La Paz-Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquín Sastre
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Allergy, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Victoria Del Pozo
- Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain; .,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
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5
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Zafra MP, Cañas JA, Mazzeo C, Gámez C, Sanz V, Fernández-Nieto M, Quirce S, Barranco P, Ruiz-Hornillos J, Sastre J, del Pozo V. SOCS3 silencing attenuates eosinophil functions in asthma patients. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:5434-51. [PMID: 25764157 PMCID: PMC4394485 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16035434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Eosinophils are one of the key inflammatory cells in asthma. Eosinophils can exert a wide variety of actions through expression and secretion of multiple molecules. Previously, we have demonstrated that eosinophils purified from peripheral blood from asthma patients express high levels of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3). In this article, SOCS3 gene silencing in eosinophils from asthmatics has been carried out to achieve a better understanding of the suppressor function in eosinophils. SOCS3 siRNA treatment drastically reduced SOCS3 expression in eosinophils, leading to an inhibition of the regulatory transcription factors GATA-3 and FoxP3, also interleukin (IL)-10; in turn, an increased STAT3 phosphorilation was observed. Moreover, SOCS3 abrogation in eosinophils produced impaired migration, adhesion and degranulation. Therefore, SOCS3 might be regarded as an important regulator implicated in eosinophil mobilization from the bone marrow to the lungs during the asthmatic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mª Paz Zafra
- Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain; E-Mails: (M.P.Z.); (J.A.C.); (C.M.); (C.G.); (V.S.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomedica En Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain; E-Mails: (M.F.-N.); (S.Q.); (P.B.); (J.S.)
| | - Jose A. Cañas
- Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain; E-Mails: (M.P.Z.); (J.A.C.); (C.M.); (C.G.); (V.S.)
| | - Carla Mazzeo
- Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain; E-Mails: (M.P.Z.); (J.A.C.); (C.M.); (C.G.); (V.S.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomedica En Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain; E-Mails: (M.F.-N.); (S.Q.); (P.B.); (J.S.)
| | - Cristina Gámez
- Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain; E-Mails: (M.P.Z.); (J.A.C.); (C.M.); (C.G.); (V.S.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomedica En Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain; E-Mails: (M.F.-N.); (S.Q.); (P.B.); (J.S.)
| | - Veronica Sanz
- Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain; E-Mails: (M.P.Z.); (J.A.C.); (C.M.); (C.G.); (V.S.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomedica En Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain; E-Mails: (M.F.-N.); (S.Q.); (P.B.); (J.S.)
| | - Mar Fernández-Nieto
- Centro de Investigación Biomedica En Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain; E-Mails: (M.F.-N.); (S.Q.); (P.B.); (J.S.)
- Department of Allergy, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Quirce
- Centro de Investigación Biomedica En Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain; E-Mails: (M.F.-N.); (S.Q.); (P.B.); (J.S.)
- Department of Allergy, Hospital La Paz Health Research Institute (IdiPAZ), 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Barranco
- Centro de Investigación Biomedica En Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain; E-Mails: (M.F.-N.); (S.Q.); (P.B.); (J.S.)
- Department of Allergy, Hospital La Paz Health Research Institute (IdiPAZ), 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Ruiz-Hornillos
- Department of Allergy, Hospital Infanta Elena, Valdemoro, 28342 Madrid, Spain; E-Mail:
| | - Joaquín Sastre
- Centro de Investigación Biomedica En Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain; E-Mails: (M.F.-N.); (S.Q.); (P.B.); (J.S.)
- Department of Allergy, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Victoria del Pozo
- Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain; E-Mails: (M.P.Z.); (J.A.C.); (C.M.); (C.G.); (V.S.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomedica En Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain; E-Mails: (M.F.-N.); (S.Q.); (P.B.); (J.S.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +34-915-504-891; Fax: +34-915-448-246
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Gámez C, Zafra MP, Sanz V, Mazzeo C, Ibáñez MD, Sastre J, del Pozo V. Simulated gastrointestinal digestion reduces the allergic reactivity of shrimp extract proteins and tropomyosin. Food Chem 2014; 173:475-81. [PMID: 25466048 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.10.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Revised: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Shrimp are highly allergenic foods. Current management are limited to the avoidance of foods. Therefore, there is an unmet need for a safe and effective therapy using modified allergens. This study focuses on assessing the potential for modification of the allergenicity of shrimp proteins following heat treatment or simulated gastric digestion. Shrimp proteins do not reduce their IgE reactivity after heat treatment but it is reduced by simulated gastric digestion in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Tropomyosin in shrimp extract is worse digested than purified tropomyosin. After 60 min of 10 U/μg pepsin digestion, a strong inhibition was produced in the in vivo skin reactivity of shrimp extracts and in activation of basophils from allergic patients. Immunisation experiments performed in rabbits demonstrated that digested boiled shrimp extract is able to induce IgG antibodies that block the IgE binding to the untreated boiled shrimp extract in shrimp-allergic patients. Building on our observations, digestion treatment could be an effective method for reducing shrimp allergenicity while maintaining the immunogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Gámez
- Immunology Department, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Spain
| | - Ma Paz Zafra
- Immunology Department, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Spain
| | - Verónica Sanz
- Immunology Department, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Spain
| | - Carla Mazzeo
- Immunology Department, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Spain
| | | | - Joaquín Sastre
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Spain; Allergy Department, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Spain
| | - Victoria del Pozo
- Immunology Department, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Spain.
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Gámez C, Zafra MP, Boquete M, Sanz V, Mazzeo C, Ibáñez MD, Sánchez-García S, Sastre J, del Pozo V. New shrimp IgE-binding proteins involved in mite-seafood cross-reactivity. Mol Nutr Food Res 2014; 58:1915-25. [PMID: 24978201 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201400122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Revised: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Shrimp is a seafood consumed worldwide and the main cause of severe allergenic reactions to crustaceans. Seafood allergy has been related to mite sensitization, mainly mediated by tropomyosin, but other proteins could be involved. The aim of the study was to identify new shrimp allergens implicated in mite-seafood cross-reactivity (CR) in two different climate populations: dry and humid climates. METHODS AND RESULTS Shrimp and mite IgE-binding profiles of patients from continental dry and humid climates were analyzed by immunoblotting, and the most frequently recognized Solenocera melantho shrimp proteins were identified by MS as α-actinin, β-actin, fructose biphosphate aldolase, arginine kinase, sarcoplasmic calcium-binding protein, and ubiquitin. Using inhibition immunoblot assays, we demonstrate that tropomyosin and ubiquitin were responsible for mite-seafood CR from both climates; but also α-actinin and arginine kinase are implicated in dry- and humid-climate populations, respectively. Reciprocal inhibition assays demonstrated that mites are the primary sensitizer in humid-climate, as shrimp is in continental dry-climate population. CONCLUSION Several new shrimp allergens have been identified and should be considered in the diagnosis and treatment of shrimp allergy and mite-seafood CR. Differences in mite-seafood CR were founded to be based on the climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Gámez
- Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
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Mazzeo C, Gámez C, Rodriguez Marco A, de Zulueta A, Sanz V, Bilbao I, Ruiz-Cabello J, Zubeldia JM, del Pozo V. Gene silencing of SOCS3 by siRNA intranasal delivery inhibits asthma phenotype in mice. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91996. [PMID: 24637581 PMCID: PMC3956882 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 02/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Suppresors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins regulate cytokine responses and control immune balance. Several studies have confirmed that SOCS3 is increased in asthmatic patients, and SOCS3 expression is correlated with disease severity. The objective of this study was to evaluate if delivering of SOCS3 short interfering RNA (siRNA) intranasally in lungs could be a good therapeutic approach in an asthma chronic mouse model. Our results showed that intranasal treatment with SOCS3-siRNA led to an improvement in the eosinophil count and the normalization of hyperresponsiveness to methacholine. Concomitantly, this treatment resulted in an improvement in mucus secretion, a reduction in lung collagen, which are prominent features of airway remodeling. The mechanism implies JAK/STAT and RhoA/Rho-kinase signaling pathway, because we found a decreasing in STAT3 phosphorylation status and down regulation of RhoA/Rho-kinase protein expression. These results might lead to a new therapy for the treatment of chronic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ma Paz Zafra
- Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carla Mazzeo
- Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Gámez
- Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ana de Zulueta
- Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
| | - Veronica Sanz
- Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
| | - Izaskun Bilbao
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
- Advanced Imaging Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, and Universidad Complutense Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Ruiz-Cabello
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
- Advanced Imaging Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, and Universidad Complutense Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose M. Zubeldia
- Allergy Section and Experimental Medicine Unit, Gregorio Marañón Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Victoria del Pozo
- Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
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9
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Bordes J, Mazzeo C, Goutorbe P, Wade K, Kaiser E. Visualisation des variations du volume pulmonaire de fin d’expiration au cours d’une anesthésie générale par tomographie d’impédance électrique. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 33:193-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annfar.2014.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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10
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Di Francesco A, Donati M, Mazzeo C, Battelli G, Piva S, Cevenini R, Baldelli R. Feline chlamydiosis: a seroepidemiological investigation of human beings with and without contact with cats. Vet Rec 2006; 159:778-9. [PMID: 17142626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Di Francesco
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Animal Pathology, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Italy
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11
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Pignanelli S, Donati M, Storni E, Mazzeo C, Magnino S, Renzi M, Cevenini R. DATI PRELIMINARI SULL’ANTIGENICITÀ DELLA PROTEINA PGP3 DI C. PSITTACI. Microbiol Med 2006. [DOI: 10.4081/mm.2006.3158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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12
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Alonso R, Mazzeo C, Mérida I, Izquierdo M. A new role of diacylglycerol kinase alpha on the secretion of lethal exosomes bearing Fas ligand during activation-induced cell death of T lymphocytes. Biochimie 2006; 89:213-21. [PMID: 16989932 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2006.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2006] [Accepted: 07/26/2006] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are small membrane vesicles that intracellularly accumulate into late or multivesicular endosomes (multivesicular bodies, MVB). Exosomes have a particular lipid and protein content, reflecting their origin as intraluminal vesicles of late endosomes. The stimulation of several hematopoietic cells induces the fusion of the limiting membrane of the MVB with the plasma membrane, leading to the release of exosomes towards the extracellular environment. In T lymphocytes, stimulation of the T cell receptor (TCR) induces the fusion of the MVBs with the plasma membrane and exosomes carrying several bio-active proteins are secreted. Among these proteins, the pro-apoptotic protein Fas ligand (FasL) is released as a non-proteolysed form (mFasL), associated to the exosomes. These mFasL-bearing exosomes may trigger the apoptosis of T lymphocytes. Here, we present evidences supporting a role of diacylglycerol kinase alpha (DGKalpha), a diacylglycerol (DAG)-consuming enzyme, on the secretion of exosomes carrying mFasL, and the subsequent activation-induced cell death (AICD) on a T cell line and primary T lymphoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Alonso
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), CSIC-Universidad de Valladolid, Facultad de Medicina, Ramón y Cajal, 7, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
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13
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Mazzeo C, Azzaroli F, Giovanelli S, Dormi A, Festi D, Colecchia A, Miracolo A, Natale P, Nigro G, Alberti A, Roda E, Mazzella G. Ten year incidence of HCV infection in northern Italy and frequency of spontaneous viral clearance. Gut 2003; 52:1030-4. [PMID: 12801962 PMCID: PMC1773703 DOI: 10.1136/gut.52.7.1030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known of the incidence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, and the frequency of spontaneous viral clearance in the general population is unknown. We conducted an epidemiological study in two Apennine towns in northern Italy. METHODS Anti-HCV (ELISA and RIBA third generation) and HCV-RNA by polymerase chain reaction were tested in thawed sera from an adult general population of Loiano-Monghidoro in 1986 and 1996, obtained in the context of the MICOL (Multicenter Italian Study on Cholelithiasis). In 1999, anti-HCV positive subjects and sex and age matched controls were recalled in order to identify risk factors for acquiring HCV infection and to assess the family composition of anti-HCV+ subjects. RESULTS For 1646 subjects, sera were available from both 1986 and 1996 (mean age in 1986 43 (0.39) years). In 1986, 57 (3.46%) subjects were HCV antibody positive (HCV-Ab+). Eight new cases were recorded in 1996: adult incidence was 50.3 cases/100 000 inhabitants/year. Fifty three of 63 (84.1%) HCV-Ab+ sera were also HCV-RNA+. Genotype 2a/2c accounted for 44% and 1b for 47.0% of cases. HCV-Ab+ subjects had higher serum levels of alanine aminotransferase with respect to controls (p<0.005), as did subjects infected with genotype 1 with respect to those with genotype 2 (p<0.05). Eleven of 65 (16.9%) HCV-Ab+ subjects spontaneously cleared HCV-Ab; 7/11 also lost HCV-RNA- in both serum and leucocytes. Sixteen anti-HCV+ subjects belonged to families containing more than one infected member. Married couples accounted for 10 of these 16 subjects. In four of these five married couples, HCV genotype was identical in the two spouses. CONCLUSIONS In rural northern Italy, the adult incidence of HCV is approximately 50 cases/100 000 inhabitants/year. Our findings suggest that as many as 17% of infected subjects may spontaneously clear HCV-Ab. Interfamilial transmission seems to have a role in the spread of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Mazzeo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Università degli Studi di Bologna, and CRBA (Centro di Ricerca Biomedica Applicata), Policlinico S Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
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14
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Roda E, Azzaroli F, Nigro G, Piazza F, Jaboli F, Ferrara F, Liva S, Giovanelli S, Miracolo A, Colecchia A, Festi D, Mazzeo C, Bacchi L, Roda A, Mazzella G. Improved liver tests and greater biliary enrichment with high dose ursodeoxycholic acid in early stage primary biliary cirrhosis. Dig Liver Dis 2002; 34:523-7. [PMID: 12236487 DOI: 10.1016/s1590-8658(02)80112-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ursodeoxycholic acid is currently used for the treatment of primary biliary cirrhosis at 13-15 mg/kg/day, but liver tests of some patients do not return to normal at this dose. Studies reported here were designed to test whether a higher dose of ursodeoxycholic acid than is currently used would induce still greater biliary enrichment of ursodeoxycholic acid and whether such enrichment would lead to still further improvement in liver tests in patients with early primary biliary cirrhosis. METHODS A total of 20 patients with histologically proven primary biliary cirrhosis were enrolled. Patients had early stage primary biliary cirrhosis as serum bilirubin levels were normal and the Mayo risk score 4.2 +/- 0.5. Group 1 received 600, 1200 and 1800 mg/day of ursodeoxycholic acid; group 2 received 900, 1500 and 2100 mg/day. The order of periods was randomized. Each treatment period lasted 3 months followed by a further 3 months during which a standard dose of ursodeoxycholic acid was given. At the end of each treatment period, liver tests were evaluated, and biliary bile acid pattern of duodenal bile was determined using high pressure liquid chromatography. RESULTS Biliary bile acid became enriched in ursodeoxycholic acid in direct relationship to dosage [r = 0.84, p < 0.001). At doses of 1800 mg/day (25-35 mg/kg/day), biliary ursodeoxycholic acid averaged 69 +/- 6.6%. A progressive decrease of alanine aminotransferase [p < 0.0001), aspartate aminotransferase [p < 0.001) and alkaline phosphatase [p < 0.02) was observed with increasing concentrations of ursodeoxycholic acid in bile. Biochemical liver tests showed a stronger correlation with biliary concentrations of ursodeoxycholic acid than with the administered dose. CONCLUSIONS In early primary biliary cirrhosis, higher dose ursodeoxycholic acid appears to be more effective than doses currently recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Roda
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, University of Bologna, S. Drsola-Malpighi Hospital, Italy
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15
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Copelli SB, Mazzeo C, Gimenez A, Casco C, Meiss R, Rubio H, Speroni A, Vanzulli S. Molecular analysis of p53 tumor-suppressor gene and microsatellites in preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions of the colon and esophagus. Oncol Rep 2001; 8:923-9. [PMID: 11410811 DOI: 10.3892/or.8.4.923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in exons 4-8 of the p53 gene by the PCR-SSCP analysis in preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions of the colon (n=11) and esophagus (n=18) were screened. p53 overexpression by immunohistochemistry in 11 colonic lesions and 13 microsatellites, in all the patients (n=29), were also studied. A positive result concordancy between the three techniques was found in 1 adenoma and 2 adenocarcinomas of the colon, each with loss of heterozygocity of microsatellites. Metaplastic lesions of esophagus showed biallelic mutations and low frequency of microsatellite alterations. The relationship between genetic alterations in p53, microsatellites and type of colon and esophageal lesions is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S B Copelli
- Laboratorio de Biologia Molecular, Servicio de Patologia, Instituto de Estudios Oncologicos, Fundacion Maissa, Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires, Av. Las Heras 3092, 1425 Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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16
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Fabbri C, Marchetto S, Pezzoli A, Accogli E, Fusaroli P, Azzaroli F, Jaboli MF, Mazzeo C, Montagnani M, Festi D, Roda E, Mazzella G. Efficacy of ursodeoxycholic acid in association with alpha-interferon for chronic hepatitis C in alpha-interferon non-responder patients. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2000; 12:511-5. [PMID: 10833093 DOI: 10.1097/00042737-200012050-00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of combined treatment with alpha-interferon (alpha-IFN) and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) on liver function tests and serum HCV-RNA in patients with chronic hepatitis C who had not responded to alpha-IFN alone. METHOD One hundred and three patients (60 men, 43 women, mean age 49 +/- 1.3 years) who had not responded (both HCV-RNA positive and increased serum ALT levels) to 4 consecutive months of treatment with alpha-IFN (3 MU three times weekly) were randomly assigned to receive UDCA (IFN-UDCA, 53 patients, 600 mg/day) in addition to the same alpha-IFN dose, or to continue alpha-IFN alone (IFN-controls, 50 patients). After stopping alpha-IFN, patients who had received UDCA continued to receive UDCA for an additional 6-month period. The two groups were comparable for sex, basal ALT, basal yGT, genotype distribution and liver histology, while mean age was lower in controls (53 +/- 1.8 vs 46 +/- 1.8 years; P< 0.01). RESULTS Twenty (38%) out of 53 IFN-UDCA patients had normal ALT, compared with only six (12%) out of 50 IFN-control patients (P < 0.01). HCV-RNA became undetectable in four IFN-UDCA patients. Three months after withdrawal of alpha IFN, 15 IFN-UDCA responders, but none of the IFN-controls, had normal ALT values (P< 0.01); 6 months after withdrawal, nine IFN-UDCA responders still had normal ALT (P= NS) and HCV-RNA was still undetectable in four of them. Portal and periportal inflammation showed a statistically significant improvement (Fisher's exact test P< 0.01) in IFN-UDCA patients as compared with IFN-controls, while no effect was observed on portal fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that UDCA improves the response rate to alpha-IFN. Furthermore, in 8% of IFN-UDCA patients the response rate was sustained and associated with HCV-RNA clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Fabbri
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, University of Bologna, Italy
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17
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Mazzella G, Fusaroli P, Pezzoli A, Azzaroli F, Mazzeo C, Zambonin L, Simoni P, Festi D, Roda E. Methylprednisolone administration in primary biliary cirrhosis increases cholic acid turnover, synthesis, and deoxycholate concentration in bile. Dig Dis Sci 1999; 44:2478-83. [PMID: 10630500 DOI: 10.1023/a:1026687022202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
As immunosuppressive agents, corticosteroids may be considered an appropriate treatment for primary biliary cirrhosis, even if bone loss and other side effects may occur. We studied biliary lipid metabolism in 10 nonicteric patients, with histologically proven primary biliary cirrhosis (stage I-IV). We administered methylprednisolone (24 mg daily) for 30 days to ascertain its effects on biliary lipid metabolism, which are largely still unknown. All patients underwent a 30-day drug-washout period before entering the trial. The following parameters were studied before and after methylprednisolone treatment: serum biochemistry; cholic acid pool size, kinetics and synthesis; biliary lipid secretion; biliary bile acid pattern; biliary lipid molar percentage; and cholesterol saturation index. Methylprednisolone induced a statistically significant (Wilcoxon rank test) increase in cholic acid turnover (from 0.26+/-0.04 to 0.50+/-0.05 K/day, P = 0.005) and synthesis (from 0.42+/-0.12 to 0.78+/-0.11 mmol/day, P = 0.04), and in bile deoxycholic acid molar percentage (from 19.4+/-2.7 to 30.6+/-4.4% molar, P = 0.01). On the other hand, a significant decrease in biliary cholesterol molar percentage (from 7.9+/-0.7 to 6.4+/-0.5% molar, P = 0.005), cholesterol saturation index (from 1.11+/-0.11 to 0.95+/-0.07, P = 0.05), and biliary cholesterol secretion (from 64.7+/-5.4 to 53.0+/-4.5 micromol/hr, P = 0.005) was observed. These findings show that short-term administration of methylprednisolone in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis does not induce expansion of the cholic acid pool but increases cholic acid synthesis and turnover, as well as intestinal production of deoxycholic acid. If long-term treatment is considered, the beneficial immunosuppressive effects of corticosteroids have to be weighed against the hepatotoxic properties of deoxycholic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Mazzella
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, University of Bologna, Italy
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18
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Azzaroli F, Mazzella G, Mazzeo C, Simoni P, Festi D, Colecchia A, Montagnani M, Martino C, Villanova N, Roda A, Roda E. Sluggish small bowel motility is involved in determining increased biliary deoxycholic acid in cholesterol gallstone patients. Am J Gastroenterol 1999; 94:2453-9. [PMID: 10484008 DOI: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.1999.01375.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our aim was to establish whether small intestine transit time is defective in subjects with cholesterol gallstones. METHODS We enrolled 10 patients (eight women, two men; mean age, 48.7 yr; mean body mass index [BMI], 22.4 Kg/m2) with recently diagnosed cholelithiasis, with no liver pathology, who were not taking any drugs, and 11 comparable healthy volunteers (eight women, three men; mean age, 46.2 yr; mean BMI, 22.7 Kg/m2), who served as controls. All subjects underwent orocecal (by starch breath test technique and serum assays of salazopyrin), oroileal (by serum assays of tauroursodeoxycholic acid), and duodenoileal (by serum assays of taurocholic acid) transit times; cholesterol saturation index; and bile acid composition and gallbladder motility studies (by ultrasound). For serum assays, blood samples were collected over a period of 7 h. Gallbladder motility and orocecal transit time were evaluated simultaneously. RESULTS All four means of assessing transit time gave longer times in cholesterol gallstone patients than in controls: orocecal transit time (salazopyrin) = 366 +/- 13 vs 258 +/- 16 min, p < 0.0005; orocecal transit time (starch breath test) = 415 +/- 139 vs 290 +/- 15 min, p < 0.01; duodenoileal transit time: 272 +/- 23 vs 205 +/- 23 min, p < 0.03; and oroileal transit time: 308 +/- 18 vs 230 +/- 19 min, p < 0.009. Cholesterol gallstone patients showed an increase in percent molar biliary deoxycholic acid (30% +/- 4.5% vs 16% +/- 1.3%, p < 0.02) and a decrease in percent molar cholic acid 32% +/- 2.2% vs 40% +/- 1.3%, p < 0.03) and chenodeoxycholic acid (34% +/- 3% vs 41% +/- 1.8%, p < 0.03), compared with controls; patients also had greater percent molar biliary cholesterol. A linear relationship (r2 = 0.6324, p = 0.0012) between biliary deoxycholic acid and small bowel transit time was found. Residual gallbladder volumes were larger in cholesterol gallstone patients (11.38 +/- 1.27 vs 7.55 +/- 0.39 ml, p < 0.04), whereas basal gallbladder volumes, although higher, did not reach statistical significance (24.25 +/- 2.41 vs 19.98 +/- 1.63 ml; p = ns). CONCLUSIONS This study confirms that patients with cholesterol gallstones have delayed small bowel transit, defective gallbladder motor function, and increased biliary deoxycholic acid. Delayed small bowel transit may contribute to supersaturation of bile with cholesterol by increasing deoxycholic acid production.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Azzaroli
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, University of Bologna, Italy
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Napoli C, Di Gregorio F, Leccese M, Abete P, Ambrosio G, Giusti R, Casini A, Ferrara N, De Matteis C, Sibilio G, Donzelli R, Montemarano A, Mazzeo C, Rengo F, Mansi L, Liguori A. Evidence of exercise-induced myocardial ischemia in patients with primary aldosteronism: the Cross-sectional Primary Aldosteronism and Heart Italian Multicenter Study. J Investig Med 1999; 47:212-21. [PMID: 10361380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary aldosteronism (PA) is a disease associated with hypersecretion of aldosterone caused by an aldosterone-producing adrenal adenoma, bilateral adrenal hyperplasia, and, although rarely, by adrenal carcinoma. Arterial hypertension induces several cardiovascular alterations that yield a high cardiovascular risk. It has been shown that reduced myocardial perfusion at rest, assessed by thallium-201 myocardial scintigraphy, was greater in PA than in essential hypertension (EH). However, it is still unknown whether reduced myocardial perfusion at rest and/or regional function abnormalities are present during exercise-induced myocardial stress. PURPOSE We addressed the impact of PA on myocardial ischemia and sought to identify signs of exercise-induced myocardial ischemia (assessed by MIBI-SPECT and echocardiography) in patients with PA compared to patients with EH. Patients with consistent signs of myocardial ischemia on all of the tests were studied by coronary arteriography. PATIENTS We studied 72 patients with PA and an age/sex-matched group of 72 patients with EH enrolled in the cross-sectional Primary Aldosteronism and Heart Italian Multicenter Study (PAHIMS). METHODS Regional function was detected from echocardiographic measurement of wall motion done at baseline and immediately after exercise. Myocardial perfusion was evaluated by SPECT imaging after injecting 99mTc-MIBI with the same-day protocol using the rest-stress sequence. RESULTS Although the conditions of arterial pressure, duration of hypertension, and target organ damage were equivalent, the patients with PA had greater incidence of both reversible perfusion defects and abnormalities of regional function. Moreover, multiple regression analysis showed that the high plasma aldosterone level was highly predictive for SPECT ischemic score and wall motion index, suggesting that PA contributes to cardiovascular risk over and above that associated with ventricular hypertrophy. Exercise-induced myocardial ischemia in PA was not segmental but widely distributed suggesting that this phenomenon was not related to abnormal coronary perfusion. Accordingly, of the 38 patients with PA who underwent coronarography, there was no presence of significant coronary atherosclerotic lesions in 30 (78.9%) of the patients. CONCLUSIONS The PAHIMS observed more exercise-induced moderate myocardial ischemic defects (co-detected by SPECT and echocardiograms and not segmental but widely allocated) in patients with PA than in patients with EH. This phenomenon occurred in a greater percentage of patients with PA without significant coronary lesions (78.95%, n = 38), which supports the possible presence of small-vessel intramyocardial disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Napoli
- Department of Medicine, Pellegrini Hospital, ASLNA1, Naples, Italy.
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