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Go N, Arsène S, Faddeenkov I, Galland T, Martis B S, Lefaudeux D, Wang Y, Etheve L, Jacob E, Monteiro C, Bosley J, Sansone C, Pasquali C, Lehr L, Kulesza A. A quantitative systems pharmacology workflow toward optimal design and biomarker stratification of atopic dermatitis clinical trials. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 153:1330-1343. [PMID: 38369029 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of atopic dermatitis (AD) drugs is challenged by many disease phenotypes and trial design options, which are hard to explore experimentally. OBJECTIVE We aimed to optimize AD trial design using simulations. METHODS We constructed a quantitative systems pharmacology model of AD and standard of care (SoC) treatments and generated a phenotypically diverse virtual population whose parameter distribution was derived from known relationships between AD biomarkers and disease severity and calibrated using disease severity evolution under SoC regimens. RESULTS We applied this workflow to the immunomodulator OM-85, currently being investigated for its potential use in AD, and calibrated the investigational treatment model with the efficacy profile of an existing trial (thereby enriching it with plausible marker levels and dynamics). We assessed the sensitivity of trial outcomes to trial protocol and found that for this particular example the choice of end point is more important than the choice of dosing regimen and patient selection by model-based responder enrichment could increase the expected effect size. A global sensitivity analysis revealed that only a limited subset of baseline biomarkers is needed to predict the drug response of the full virtual population. CONCLUSIONS This AD quantitative systems pharmacology workflow built around knowledge of marker-severity relationships as well as SoC efficacy can be tailored to specific development cases to optimize several trial protocol parameters and biomarker stratification and therefore has promise to become a powerful model-informed AD drug development and personalized medicine tool.
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2
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Giaccherini M, Rende M, Gentiluomo M, Corradi C, Archibugi L, Ermini S, Maiello E, Morelli L, van Eijck CHJ, Cavestro GM, Schneider M, Mickevicius A, Adamonis K, Basso D, Hlavac V, Gioffreda D, Talar-Wojnarowska R, Schöttker B, Lovecek M, Vanella G, Gazouli M, Uno M, Malecka-Wojciesko E, Vodicka P, Goetz M, Bijlsma MF, Petrone MC, Bazzocchi F, Kiudelis M, Szentesi A, Carrara S, Nappo G, Brenner H, Milanetto AC, Soucek P, Katzke V, Peduzzi G, Rizzato C, Pasquali C, Chen X, Capurso G, Hackert T, Bueno-de-Mesquita B, Uzunoglu FGG, Hegyi P, Greenhalf W, Theodoropoulos GEE, Sperti C, Perri F, Oliverius M, Mambrini A, Tavano F, Farinella R, Arcidiacono PG, Lucchesi M, Bunduc S, Kupcinskas J, Di Franco G, Stocker S, Neoptolemos JP, Bambi F, Jamroziak K, Testoni SGG, Aoki MN, Mohelnikova-Duchonova B, Izbicki JR, Pezzilli R, Lawlor RT, Kauffmann EF, López de Maturana E, Malats N, Canzian F, Campa D. A pleiotropy scan to discover new susceptibility loci for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Mutagenesis 2024:geae012. [PMID: 38606763 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/geae012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Pleiotropic variants (i.e., genetic polymorphisms influencing more than one phenotype) are often associated with cancer risk. A scan of pleiotropic variants was successfully conducted ten years ago in relation to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma susceptibility. However, in the last decade, genetic association studies performed on several human traits have greatly increased the number of known pleiotropic variants. Based on the hypothesis that variants already associated with a least one trait have a higher probability of association with other traits, 61,052 variants reported to be associated by at least one genome wide association study (GWAS) with at least one human trait were tested in the present study consisting of two phases (discovery and validation), comprising a total of 16,055 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cases and 212,149 controls. The meta-analysis of the two phases showed two loci (10q21.1-rs4948550 (P=6.52×10-5) and 7q36.3-rs288762 (P=3.03×10-5) potentially associated with PDAC risk. 10q21.1-rs4948550 shows a high degree of pleiotropy and it is also associated with colorectal cancer risk while 7q36.3-rs288762 is situated 28,558 base pairs upstream of the Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) gene, which is involved in the cell differentiation process and PDAC etiopathogenesis. In conclusion, none of the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) showed a formally statistically significant association after correction for multiple testing. However, given their pleiotropic nature and association with various human traits including colorectal cancer, the two SNPs showing the best associations with PDAC risk merit further investigation through fine mapping and ad hoc functional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Giaccherini
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - M Rende
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - M Gentiluomo
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - C Corradi
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - L Archibugi
- Digestive and Liver Disease Unit, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Pancreato-Biliary Endoscopy and Endosonography Division, Pancreas Translational and Clinical Research Center, IRSSC San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - S Ermini
- Blood Transfusion Service, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Meyer, Florence, Italy
| | - E Maiello
- Department of Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - L Morelli
- General Surgery Unit, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - C H J van Eijck
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - G M Cavestro
- Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, IRCCS San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - M Schneider
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Mickevicius
- Surgery Department, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - K Adamonis
- Gastroenterology Department, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - D Basso
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology-DiSCOG, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - V Hlavac
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - D Gioffreda
- Division of Gastroenterology and Research Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - R Talar-Wojnarowska
- Department of Digestive Tract Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - B Schöttker
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Network Aging Research (NAR), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Lovecek
- Department of Surgery I, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - G Vanella
- Digestive and Liver Disease Unit, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Pancreato-Biliary Endoscopy and Endosonography Division, Pancreas Translational and Clinical Research Center, IRSSC San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - M Gazouli
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Biology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - M Uno
- Center for Translational Research in Oncology (LIM24), Instituto Do Câncer Do Estado de São Paulo, (ICESP), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - E Malecka-Wojciesko
- Department of Digestive Tract Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - P Vodicka
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Science, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, 1st Medical Faculty, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Goetz
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - M F Bijlsma
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC and Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M C Petrone
- Pancreato-Biliary Endoscopy and Endosonography Division, Pancreas Translational and Clinical Research Center, IRSSC San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - F Bazzocchi
- Department of Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - M Kiudelis
- Surgery Department, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - A Szentesi
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Center for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - S Carrara
- Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Division of Gastroenterology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - G Nappo
- Pancreatic Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - H Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A C Milanetto
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology-DiSCOG, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - P Soucek
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - V Katzke
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - G Peduzzi
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - C Rizzato
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - C Pasquali
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology-DiSCOG, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - X Chen
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - G Capurso
- Digestive and Liver Disease Unit, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Pancreato-Biliary Endoscopy and Endosonography Division, Pancreas Translational and Clinical Research Center, IRSSC San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - T Hackert
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - B Bueno-de-Mesquita
- Centre for Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - F G G Uzunoglu
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - P Hegyi
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Center for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Division of Pancreatic Diseases, Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - W Greenhalf
- Institute for Health Research Liverpool Pancreas Biomedical Research Unit, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - G E E Theodoropoulos
- First Department of Propaedeutic Surgery, Hippocration General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - C Sperti
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology-DiSCOG, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - F Perri
- Division of Gastroenterology and Research Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - M Oliverius
- Surgery Clinic Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - A Mambrini
- Oncological Department Massa Carrara, Azienda USL Toscana Nord Ovest, Carrara, Italy
| | - F Tavano
- Division of Gastroenterology and Research Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - R Farinella
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - P G Arcidiacono
- Pancreato-Biliary Endoscopy and Endosonography Division, Pancreas Translational and Clinical Research Center, IRSSC San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - M Lucchesi
- Oncological Department Massa Carrara, Azienda USL Toscana Nord Ovest, Carrara, Italy
| | - S Bunduc
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Center for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Division of Pancreatic Diseases, Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
- Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - J Kupcinskas
- Gastroenterology Department, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - G Di Franco
- General Surgery Unit, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - S Stocker
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Network Aging Research (NAR), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J P Neoptolemos
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - F Bambi
- Blood Transfusion Service, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Meyer, Florence, Italy
| | - K Jamroziak
- Department of Hematology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - S G G Testoni
- Pancreato-Biliary Endoscopy and Endosonography Division, Pancreas Translational and Clinical Research Center, IRSSC San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - M N Aoki
- Laboratory for Applied Science and Technology in Health, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | - J R Izbicki
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - R Pezzilli
- County Medical Association of Potenza, Potenza, Italy
| | - R T Lawlor
- ARC-NET: Centre for Applied Research on Cancer, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - E F Kauffmann
- Division of General and Transplant Surgery, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
| | - E López de Maturana
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - N Malats
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - F Canzian
- Genomic Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - D Campa
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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3
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Khameneh HJ, Bolis M, Ventura PMO, Cassanmagnago GA, Fischer BA, Zenobi A, Guerra J, Buzzago I, Bernasconi M, Zaman GJR, Rinaldi A, Moro SG, Sallusto F, Baulier E, Pasquali C, Guarda G. The bacterial lysate OM-85 engages Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 triggering an immunomodulatory gene signature in human myeloid cells. Mucosal Immunol 2024:S1933-0219(24)00019-9. [PMID: 38447907 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2024.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
OM-85 is a bacterial lysate used in clinical practice to reduce duration and frequency of recurrent respiratory tract infections. Whereas knowledge of its regulatory effects in vivo has substantially advanced, the mechanisms of OM-85 sensing remain inadequately addressed. Here, we show that the immune response to OM-85 in the mouse is largely mediated by myeloid immune cells through Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 in vitro and in vivo. Instead, in human immune cells, TLR2 and TLR4 orchestrate the response to OM-85, which binds to both receptors as shown by surface plasmon resonance assay. Ribonucleic acid-sequencing analyses of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells reveal that OM-85 triggers a pro-inflammatory signature and a unique gene set, which is not induced by canonical agonists of TLR2 or TLR4 and comprises tolerogenic genes. A largely overlapping TLR2/4-dependent gene signature was observed in individual subsets of primary human airway myeloid cells, highlighting the robust effects of OM-85. Collectively, our results suggest caution should be taken when relating murine studies on bacterial lysates to humans. Furthermore, our data shed light on how a standardized bacterial lysate shapes the response through TLR2 and TLR4, which are crucial for immune response, trained immunity, and tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanif J Khameneh
- Università della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
| | - Marco Bolis
- Università della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland; Computational Oncology Unit, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Richerche Farmacologiche 'Mario Negri' IRCCS, Milano, Italy; Bioinformatics Core Unit, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Pedro M O Ventura
- Università della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Giada A Cassanmagnago
- Computational Oncology Unit, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Richerche Farmacologiche 'Mario Negri' IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Berenice A Fischer
- Università della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Alessandro Zenobi
- Università della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Jessica Guerra
- Università della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Irene Buzzago
- Università della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Maurizio Bernasconi
- Pulmonology Division, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), Ospedale Regionale di Bellinzona e Valli (ORBV), Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | | | - Andrea Rinaldi
- Università della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Simone G Moro
- Università della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Federica Sallusto
- Università della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland; Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Edouard Baulier
- OM Pharma SA, Department of Preclinical Research, Meyrin, Switzerland
| | | | - Greta Guarda
- Università della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
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4
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Arsène S, Faddeenkov I, Galland T, Leon C, Lehr L, Sansone C, Vaslin-Chessex A, Pasquali C, Kulesza A. Towards a translational computational model of allergen challenge in mild asthma to support clinical development of an intranasal administration of a bacterial lysate. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.12.511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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5
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Sanchez-Salas R, Marra G, Oreggia D, Tourinho-Barbosa R, Moschini M, Stabile A, Filippini C, Van Melick H, Van Den Bergh R, Gontero P, Pasquali C, Macek P, Mombet A, Cathala N, Cathelineau X. Focal high-intensity focused ultrasound vs. active surveillance for ISUP grade 1 prostate cancer: Medium-term results of a prospective matched-pair comparison. EUR UROL SUPPL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(22)00758-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Antunes KH, Cassão G, Santos LD, Borges SG, Poppe J, Gonçalves JB, Nunes EDS, Recacho GF, Sousa VB, Da Silva GS, Mansur D, Stein RT, Pasquali C, De Souza APD. Airway Administration of Bacterial Lysate OM-85 Protects Mice Against Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection. Front Immunol 2022; 13:867022. [PMID: 35603159 PMCID: PMC9118194 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.867022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a seasonal pathogen responsible for the highest percentage of viral bronchiolitis in pediatric patients. There are currently no vaccine available and therapeutic methods to mitigate the severity of RSV bronchiolitis are limited. OM-85, an oral standardized bacterial lysate isolated from human respiratory strains and widely used to prevent recurrent infections and/or exacerbations in populations at risk, has been shown to be effective and safe in children and adults. Here, we demonstrate that airway administration of OM-85 in Balb/c mice prior to infection prevents RSV-induced disease, resulting in inhibition of viral replication associated with less perivascular and peribronchial inflammation in the lungs. These protective effects are dose and time-dependent with complete protection using 1mg dose of OM-85 only four times intranasally. Mechanistic insights using this topical route in the airways revealed increased alveolar macrophages, a selective set of tolerogenic DCs, Treg and Th1 expansion in the lung, even in the absence of infection, contributing to a better Th1/Th2 balance and preventing ILC2 recruitment in the airways and associated inflammatory sequelae. OM-85 preventive treatment also improved antiviral response by increasing IFNβ and its responsive genes in the lung. In vitro, OM-85 protects against RSV infection in a type I interferon pathway. Our animal model data suggest that intranasal use of OM-85 should be considered as a potential prophylactic product to prevent RSV bronchiolitis once human studies confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krist Helen Antunes
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, School of Health and Life Science, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Gisele Cassão
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, School of Health and Life Science, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Duarte Santos
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, School of Health and Life Science, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Sofia Giacomet Borges
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, School of Health and Life Science, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Juliana Poppe
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, School of Health and Life Science, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - João Budelon Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, School of Health and Life Science, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Eduarda da Silva Nunes
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, School of Health and Life Science, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Fernando Recacho
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, School of Health and Life Science, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Vitória Barbosa Sousa
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, School of Health and Life Science, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Souza Da Silva
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, School of Health and Life Science, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Daniel Mansur
- Laboratory of Imunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Renato T Stein
- Department of Pediatrics, São Lucas Hospital PUCRS, School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Paula Duarte De Souza
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, School of Health and Life Science, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
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7
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Arsène S, Couty C, Faddeenkov I, Go N, Granjeon-Noriot S, Šmít D, Kahoul R, Illigens B, Boissel JP, Chevalier A, Lehr L, Pasquali C, Kulesza A. Modeling the disruption of respiratory disease clinical trials by non-pharmaceutical COVID-19 interventions. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1980. [PMID: 35418135 PMCID: PMC9008035 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29534-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory disease trials are profoundly affected by non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) against COVID-19 because they perturb existing regular patterns of all seasonal viral epidemics. To address trial design with such uncertainty, we developed an epidemiological model of respiratory tract infection (RTI) coupled to a mechanistic description of viral RTI episodes. We explored the impact of reduced viral transmission (mimicking NPIs) using a virtual population and in silico trials for the bacterial lysate OM-85 as prophylaxis for RTI. Ratio-based efficacy metrics are only impacted under strict lockdown whereas absolute benefit already is with intermediate NPIs (eg. mask-wearing). Consequently, despite NPI, trials may meet their relative efficacy endpoints (provided recruitment hurdles can be overcome) but are difficult to assess with respect to clinical relevance. These results advocate to report a variety of metrics for benefit assessment, to use adaptive trial design and adapted statistical analyses. They also question eligibility criteria misaligned with the actual disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ben Illigens
- Novadiscovery SA, Lyon, France
- Dresden International University, Dresden, Germany
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8
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Pivniouk V, Gimenes-Junior JA, Ezeh P, Michael A, Pivniouk O, Hahn S, VanLinden SR, Malone SP, Abidov A, Anderson D, Gozdz J, DeVries A, Martinez FD, Pasquali C, Vercelli D. Airway administration of OM-85, a bacterial lysate, blocks experimental asthma by targeting dendritic cells and the epithelium/IL-33/ILC2 axis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 149:943-956. [PMID: 34560105 PMCID: PMC8901455 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microbial interventions against allergic asthma have robust epidemiologic underpinnings and the potential to recalibrate disease-inducing immune responses. Oral administration of OM-85, a standardized lysate of human airways bacteria, is widely used empirically to prevent respiratory infections and a clinical trial is testing its ability to prevent asthma in high-risk children. We previously showed that intranasal administration of microbial products from farm environments abrogates experimental allergic asthma. OBJECTIVES We sought to investigate whether direct administration of OM-85 to the airway compartment protects against experimental allergic asthma; and to identify protective cellular and molecular mechanisms activated through this natural route. METHODS Different strains of mice sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin or Alternaria received OM-85 intranasally, and cardinal cellular and molecular asthma phenotypes were measured. Airway transfer experiments assessed whether OM-85-treated dendritic cells protect allergen-sensitized, OM-85-naive mice against asthma. RESULTS Airway OM-85 administration suppressed allergic asthma in all models acting on multiple innate and adaptive immune targets: the airway epithelium/IL-33/ILC2 axis, lung allergen-induced type 2 responses, and dendritic cells whose Myd88/Trif-dependent tolerogenic reprogramming was sufficient to transfer OM-85-induced asthma protection. CONCLUSIONS We provide the first demonstration that administering a standardized bacterial lysate to the airway compartment protects from experimental allergic asthma by engaging multiple immune pathways. Because protection required a cumulative dose 27- to 46-fold lower than the one reportedly active through the oral route, the efficacy of intranasal OM-85 administration may reflect its direct access to the airway mucosal networks controlling the initiation and development of allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim Pivniouk
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz; Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz; BIO5 Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz.
| | - Joao A. Gimenes-Junior
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, The University
of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Peace Ezeh
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, The University
of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Ashley Michael
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, The University
of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Oksana Pivniouk
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, The University
of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Seongmin Hahn
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, The University
of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Sydney R. VanLinden
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, The University
of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Sean P. Malone
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, The University
of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Amir Abidov
- Medical Student Research Program, College of Medicine, The
University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Dayna Anderson
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, The University
of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Justyna Gozdz
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, The University
of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Avery DeVries
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, The University
of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA,The BIO5 Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ,
85721, USA
| | - Fernando D. Martinez
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, The University
of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA,The BIO5 Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ,
85721, USA
| | | | - Donata Vercelli
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The
University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA,Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, The University
of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA,The BIO5 Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ,
85721, USA,Arizona Center for the Biology of Complex Diseases, The
University of Arizona
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9
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Strocchi S, Origgi D, De Marco P, Pasquali C. Periodic quality control of ultrasound scanners: practical experience with IEC 62736 technical specification and comparison with other evaluation methods. Phys Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1120-1797(22)00237-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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10
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Rossi RE, Milanetto AC, Andreasi V, Campana D, Coppa J, Nappo G, Rinzivillo M, Invernizzi P, Modica R, David A, Partelli S, Lamberti G, Mazzaferro V, Zerbi A, Panzuto F, Pasquali C, Falconi M, Massironi S. Risk of preoperative understaging of duodenal neuroendocrine neoplasms: a plea for caution in the treatment strategy. J Endocrinol Invest 2021; 44:2227-2234. [PMID: 33651317 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-021-01528-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pretreatment staging is the milestone for planning either surgical or endoscopic treatment in duodenal neuroendocrine neoplasms (dNENs). Herein, a series of surgically treated dNEN patients was evaluated to assess the concordance between the pre- and postsurgical staging. METHODS Retrospective analysis of patients with a histologically confirmed diagnosis of dNENs, who underwent surgical resection observed at eight Italian tertiary referral centers. The presurgical TNM stage, based on the radiological and functional imaging, was compared with the pathological TNM stage, after surgery. RESULTS From 2000 to 2019, 109 patients were included. Sixty-six patients had G1, 26 a G2, 7 a G3 dNEN (Ki-67 not available in 10 patients). In 46/109 patients (42%) there was disagreement between the pre- and postsurgical staging, being it understaged in 42 patients (38%), overstaged in 4 (3%). As regards understaging, in 25 patients (22.9%), metastatic loco-regional nodes (N) resulted undetected at both radiological and functional imaging. Understaging due to the presence of distal micrometastases (M) was observed in 2 cases (1.8%). Underestimation of tumor extent (T) was observed in 12 patients (11%); in three cases the tumor was understaged both in T and N extent. CONCLUSIONS Conventional imaging has a poor detection rate for loco-regional nodes and micrometastases in the presurgical setting of the dNENs. These results represent important advice when local conservative approaches, such as endoscopy or local surgical excision are considered and it represents a strong recommendation to include endoscopic ultrasound in the preoperative tools for a more accurate local staging.
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Affiliation(s)
- R E Rossi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
- HBP Surgery, Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Unit, ENETS Center of Excellence, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT, National Cancer Institute), Milan, Italy.
| | - A C Milanetto
- Pancreatic and Endocrine Digestive Surgical Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - V Andreasi
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Pancreas Translational and Clinical Research Center, ENETS Center of Excellence, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, "Vita-Salute" University, Milan, Italy
| | - D Campana
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, ENETS Center of Excellence, Bologna University, St. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - J Coppa
- HBP Surgery, Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Unit, ENETS Center of Excellence, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT, National Cancer Institute), Milan, Italy
| | - G Nappo
- Pancreatic Surgery, Humanitas Clinical, and Research Center-IRCCS, ENETS Center of Excellence, Humanitas University, Milan, Rozzano, Italy
| | - M Rinzivillo
- Digestive Disease Unit, ENETS Center of Excellence, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - P Invernizzi
- Division of Gastroenterology, San Gerardo Hospital, Bicocca School of Medicine, University of Milano, Monza, Italy
| | - R Modica
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, ENETS Center of Excellence, University "Federico II" of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - A David
- Pancreatic and Endocrine Digestive Surgical Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - S Partelli
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Pancreas Translational and Clinical Research Center, ENETS Center of Excellence, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, "Vita-Salute" University, Milan, Italy
| | - G Lamberti
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, ENETS Center of Excellence, Bologna University, St. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - V Mazzaferro
- HBP Surgery, Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Unit, ENETS Center of Excellence, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT, National Cancer Institute), Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - A Zerbi
- Pancreatic Surgery, Humanitas Clinical, and Research Center-IRCCS, ENETS Center of Excellence, Humanitas University, Milan, Rozzano, Italy
| | - F Panzuto
- Digestive Disease Unit, ENETS Center of Excellence, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - C Pasquali
- Pancreatic and Endocrine Digestive Surgical Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - M Falconi
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Pancreas Translational and Clinical Research Center, ENETS Center of Excellence, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, "Vita-Salute" University, Milan, Italy
| | - S Massironi
- Division of Gastroenterology, San Gerardo Hospital, Bicocca School of Medicine, University of Milano, Monza, Italy
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11
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Pasquali P, Hernandez M, Pasquali C, Fernandez K. Actitudes de pacientes hacia la fotografía médica. Estudio en población española: Pius Hospital de Valls (Tarragona, España). Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas 2019; 110:131-136. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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12
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Obazee O, Archibugi L, Andriulli A, Soucek P, Małecka-Panas E, Ivanauskas A, Johnson T, Gazouli M, Pausch T, Lawlor RT, Cavestro GM, Milanetto AC, Di Leo M, Pasquali C, Hegyi P, Szentesi A, Radu CE, Gheorghe C, Theodoropoulos GE, Bergmann F, Brenner H, Vodickova L, Katzke V, Campa D, Strobel O, Kaiser J, Pezzilli R, Federici F, Mohelnikova-Duchonova B, Boggi U, Lemstrova R, Johansen JS, Bojesen SE, Chen I, Jensen BV, Capurso G, Pazienza V, Dervenis C, Sperti C, Mambrini A, Hackert T, Kaaks R, Basso D, Talar-Wojnarowska R, Maiello E, Izbicki JR, Cuk K, Saum KU, Cantore M, Kupcinskas J, Palmieri O, Delle Fave G, Landi S, Salvia R, Fogar P, Vashist YK, Scarpa A, Vodicka P, Tjaden C, Iskierka-Jazdzewska E, Canzian F. Germline BRCA2
K3326X and CHEK2
I157T mutations increase risk for sporadic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Int J Cancer 2019; 145:686-693. [PMID: 30672594 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- O. Obazee
- Genomic Epidemiology Group; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ); Heidelberg Germany
| | - L. Archibugi
- Digestive and Liver Disease Unit, Pancreatic Disorders Clinic; S. Andrea Hospital, University of Sapienza; Rome Italy
- Pancreatico/Biliary Endoscopy and Endosonography Division; Pancreas Translational and Clinical Research Center, San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Milan Italy
| | - A. Andriulli
- Division of Gastroenterology and Research Laboratory, Department of Oncology; IRCCS Scientific Institute and Regional General Hospital “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”; San Giovanni Rotondo Italy
| | - P. Soucek
- Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics, Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Plzen; Charles University in Prague; Plzen Czech Republic
| | - E. Małecka-Panas
- Department of Digestive Tract Diseases; Medical University of Lodz; Lodz Poland
| | - A. Ivanauskas
- Department of Gastroenterology; Lithuanian University of Health Sciences; Kaunas Lithuania
| | - T. Johnson
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ); Heidelberg Germany
| | - M. Gazouli
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Biology; Medical School National and Kapodistrian University of Athens; Athens Greece
| | - T. Pausch
- Klinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Transplantationschirurgie; Heidelberg Germany
| | - R. T. Lawlor
- ARC-Net, Applied Research on Cancer Centre; University of Verona; Verona Italy
| | - G. M. Cavestro
- Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Milan Italy
| | - A. C. Milanetto
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology -DiSCOG; University of Padova; Padova Italy
| | - M. Di Leo
- Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Milan Italy
| | - C. Pasquali
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology -DiSCOG; University of Padova; Padova Italy
| | - P. Hegyi
- Institute for Translational Medicine and 1st Department of Medicine; University of Pécs; Pécs Hungary
| | - A. Szentesi
- Institute for Translational Medicine and 1st Department of Medicine; University of Pécs; Pécs Hungary
| | - C. E. Radu
- Fundeni Clinical Institute; Bucharest Romania
| | - C. Gheorghe
- Fundeni Clinical Institute; Bucharest Romania
| | - G. E. Theodoropoulos
- First Propaedeutic Surgical Department, "Hippocratio" General Hospital Athens Medical School; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens; Athens Greece
| | - F. Bergmann
- Pathologisches Institut der Universität Heidelberg; Heidelberg Germany
| | - H. Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ); Heidelberg Germany
- Division of Preventive Oncology; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT); Heidelberg Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK); German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ); Heidelberg Germany
| | - L. Vodickova
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics; 1st Medical Faculty, Charles University, Prague and Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University; Prague Czech Republic
| | - V. Katzke
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ); Heidelberg Germany
| | - D. Campa
- Dipartimento di Biologia; Università di Pisa; Pisa Italy
| | - O. Strobel
- Klinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Transplantationschirurgie; Heidelberg Germany
| | - J. Kaiser
- Klinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Transplantationschirurgie; Heidelberg Germany
| | - R. Pezzilli
- Pancreas Unit, Department of Digestive System; Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital; Bologna Italy
| | - F. Federici
- Department of Massa Carrara Oncological; Azienda USL Toscana Nord Ovest; Carrara Italy
| | - B. Mohelnikova-Duchonova
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry; Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc; Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - U. Boggi
- Division of General and Transplant Surgery; Pisa University Hospital; Pisa Italy
| | - R. Lemstrova
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry; Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc; Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - J. S. Johansen
- Department of Oncology; Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - S. E. Bojesen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry; Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - I. Chen
- Department of Oncology; Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - B. V. Jensen
- Department of Oncology; Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - G. Capurso
- Digestive and Liver Disease Unit, Pancreatic Disorders Clinic; S. Andrea Hospital, University of Sapienza; Rome Italy
- Pancreatico/Biliary Endoscopy and Endosonography Division; Pancreas Translational and Clinical Research Center, San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Milan Italy
| | - V. Pazienza
- Division of Gastroenterology and Research Laboratory, Department of Oncology; IRCCS Scientific Institute and Regional General Hospital “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”; San Giovanni Rotondo Italy
| | - C. Dervenis
- Department of Surgery; Konstantopouleion General Hospital of Athens; Athens Greece
| | - C. Sperti
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology -DiSCOG; University of Padova; Padova Italy
| | - A. Mambrini
- Department of Massa Carrara Oncological; Azienda USL Toscana Nord Ovest; Carrara Italy
| | - T. Hackert
- Klinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Transplantationschirurgie; Heidelberg Germany
| | - R. Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ); Heidelberg Germany
| | - D. Basso
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; University-Hospital of Padova; Padova Italy
| | | | - E. Maiello
- Division of Gastroenterology and Research Laboratory, Department of Oncology; IRCCS Scientific Institute and Regional General Hospital “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”; San Giovanni Rotondo Italy
| | - J. R. Izbicki
- Department of General; Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; Hamburg Germany
| | - K. Cuk
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ); Heidelberg Germany
| | - K. U. Saum
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ); Heidelberg Germany
| | - M. Cantore
- Department of Massa Carrara Oncological; Azienda USL Toscana Nord Ovest; Carrara Italy
| | - J. Kupcinskas
- Department of Gastroenterology; Lithuanian University of Health Sciences; Kaunas Lithuania
| | - O. Palmieri
- Division of Gastroenterology and Research Laboratory, Department of Oncology; IRCCS Scientific Institute and Regional General Hospital “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”; San Giovanni Rotondo Italy
| | - G. Delle Fave
- Digestive and Liver Disease Unit, Pancreatic Disorders Clinic; S. Andrea Hospital, University of Sapienza; Rome Italy
| | - S. Landi
- Dipartimento di Biologia; Università di Pisa; Pisa Italy
| | - R. Salvia
- Department of Surgery; Pancreas Institute, University and Hospital Trust of Verona; Verona Italy
| | - P. Fogar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; University-Hospital of Padova; Padova Italy
| | - Y. K. Vashist
- Department of General; Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; Hamburg Germany
- Section for Visceral Surgery; Department of Surgery, Kantonsspital Aarau AG; Aarau Switzerland
| | - A. Scarpa
- ARC-Net, Applied Research on Cancer Centre; University of Verona; Verona Italy
| | - P. Vodicka
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Science, Prague and Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, 1 Medical Faculty, Charles University; Prague Czech Republic
| | - C. Tjaden
- Klinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Transplantationschirurgie; Heidelberg Germany
| | | | - F. Canzian
- Genomic Epidemiology Group; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ); Heidelberg Germany
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13
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Mincham KT, Scott NM, Lauzon-Joset JF, Leffler J, Larcombe AN, Stumbles PA, Robertson SA, Pasquali C, Holt PG, Strickland DH. Transplacental immune modulation with a bacterial-derived agent protects against allergic airway inflammation. J Clin Invest 2018; 128:4856-4869. [PMID: 30153109 DOI: 10.1172/jci122631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic allergic inflammatory diseases are a major cause of morbidity, with allergic asthma alone affecting over 300 million people worldwide. Epidemiological studies demonstrate that environmental stimuli are associated with either the promotion or prevention of disease. Major reductions in asthma prevalence are documented in European and US farming communities. Protection is associated with exposure of mothers during pregnancy to microbial breakdown products present in farm dusts and unprocessed foods and enhancement of innate immune competence in the children. We sought to develop a scientific rationale for progressing these findings toward clinical application for primary disease prevention. Treatment of pregnant mice with a defined, clinically approved immune modulator was shown to markedly reduce susceptibility of their offspring to development of the hallmark clinical features of allergic airway inflammatory disease. Mechanistically, offspring displayed enhanced dendritic cell-dependent airway mucosal immune surveillance function, which resulted in more efficient generation of mucosal-homing regulatory T cells in response to local inflammatory challenge. We provide evidence that the principal target for maternal treatment effects was the fetal dendritic cell progenitor compartment, equipping the offspring for accelerated functional maturation of the airway mucosal dendritic cell network following birth. These data provide proof of concept supporting the rationale for developing transplacental immune reprogramming approaches for primary disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle T Mincham
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Naomi M Scott
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | - Jonatan Leffler
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Alexander N Larcombe
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,Health, Safety and Environment, School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Philip A Stumbles
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sarah A Robertson
- Robinson Research Institute and School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | - Patrick G Holt
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Deborah H Strickland
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
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14
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Rossi GA, Bessler W, Ballarini S, Pasquali C. Evidence that a primary anti-viral stimulation of the immune response by OM-85 reduces susceptibility to a secondary respiratory bacterial infection in mice. Ital J Pediatr 2018; 44:112. [PMID: 30257691 PMCID: PMC6158919 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-018-0569-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Viral respiratory infections may promote bacterial super-infection decreasing the host immune response efficiency. However, using a mice model we recently demonstrated that preventive treatment with the bacterial extract OM-85 reduces the susceptibility to a secondary Streptococcus (S.) pneumoniae infection after influenza virus (I.V.) challenge. METHODS To better characterize the efficacy of OM-85 against S. pneumoniae super-infection, a post-hoc analysis was conducted, comparing efficacy (survival) and morbidity signs (clinical score, body temperature and weight loss) in the OM-85 and the control (BLANC) groups of mice after: a) I.V. infection; b) primary S. pneumoniae infection and c) post-I.V. S. pneumoniae super-infection. RESULTS After a sublethal I.V. dose, all mice stayed alive at day 5 and no differences in morbidity signs were detected between the OM-85 and the BLANC groups. However, OM-85 pretreatment led to a significantly reduction of the viral load in the lung on day 5 post viral infection and, on day 10, reduced neutrophilic inflammation while increasing influenza-specific CD8 + T-cell proportion in the airways. Conversely to viral infection, exposure to S. pneumoniae induced a dramatic reduction of survival, with no mice surviving on day 3 post infection in the BLANC group, whereas a partial protective effect was observed in OM-85 pre-treated mice (20% of mice surviving at day 3, and 10% at day 4 and 5). The morbidity data substantiated the survival results. Interestingly, in the "super-infection" study, when mice were exposed to a sublethal I.V. dose followed by a secondary S. pneumoniae infection, all mice died by day 4 in the BLANC group. In contrast, in the OM-85 treated group, the survival rate was 70% at day 4 and still 50% at day 5, with positive effects on the clinical scores and on the body temperature already detectable at days 1 and 2. CONCLUSIONS The efficacy of OM-85 pre-treatment against S. pneumoniae super-infection reflects a strong and immediate immune reaction from the host, an event that can be explained in part by a "non-specific" activation of the immune system, a positive "immune effect" of the general OM-85- induced immune response against I.V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni A. Rossi
- Pediatric Pulmonology and Allergy Units, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Wolfgang Bessler
- OM Pharma SA, A Company of the Vifor Pharma Group, Geneva, Switzerland
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15
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Sperti C, Bonadimani B, Pasquali C, Piccoli A, Cappellazzo F, Rugge M, Pedrazzoli S. Ductal Adenocarcinoma of the Pancreas: Clinicopathologic Features and Survival. Tumori 2018; 79:325-30. [PMID: 8116075 DOI: 10.1177/030089169307900508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Aims and Background The prognosis after surgical resection for pancreatic cancer has not been clearly defined because conflicting results have been reported. Methods Fifty-five patients who underwent surgical resection for pancreatic carcinoma between 1970 and 1987 were retrospectively reviewed to determine factors influencing long-term survival. Results The actuarial 5-year survival rate for all 55 patients was 12.5 %. Type of operation, tumor stage, direct extension into adjacent organs, grading and lymph node involvement were found to significantly influence survival. Age, sex, tumor site, size, invasion into peripancreatic tissue, invasion of lymphatic vessels and small veins, perineural Infiltration, tumor necrosis, round cell infiltrate at the tumor margin, associated chronic pancreatitis, and atypia of pancreatic ductal epithelium demonstrated no predictive capacity. No 5-year survival was observed among the patients who underwent vascular resection. Three of 9 patients who underwent left-sided pancreatectomy for cancer of the tail of the pancreas survived more than 5 years. Multivariate analysis confirmed that lymph node involvement, moderate-poor histologic tumor differentiation, and treatment with total pancreatectomy were signicantly associated with a worse prognosis. Conclusions Lymph node status, grading of the tumor and type of operation have a significant impact on prognosis in resected pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sperti
- Istituto di Semeiotica Chirurgica, Università di Padova, Italy
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Roth M, Pasquali C, Stolz D, Tamm M. Broncho Vaxom (OM-85) modulates rhinovirus docking proteins on human airway epithelial cells via Erk1/2 mitogen activated protein kinase and cAMP. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188010. [PMID: 29182620 PMCID: PMC5705076 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bronchial epithelial cells (BEC) are primary target for Rhinovirus infection through attaching to cell membrane proteins. OM-85, a bacterial extract, improves recovery of asthma and COPD patients after viral infections, but only part of the mechanism was addressed, by focusing on defined immune cells. OBJECTIVE We therefore determined the effect of OM-85 on isolated primary human BEC of controls (n = 8), asthma patients (n = 10) and COPD patients (n = 9). METHODS BEC were treated with OM-85 alone (24 hours) or infected with Rhinovirus. BEC survival was monitored by manual cell counting and Rhinovirus replication by lytic activity. Immuno-blotting and ELISA were used to determine the expression of Rhinovirus interacting proteins: intracellular adhesion molecule (ICAM), major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-2), complement component C1q receptor (C1q-R), inducible T-Cell co-stimulator (ICOS), its ligand ICOSL, and myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (Myd88); as well as for signal transducers Erk1/2, p38, JNK mitogen activated protein kinases MAPK), and cAMP. RESULTS OM-85 significantly reduced Rhinovirus-induced BEC death and virus replication. OM-85 significantly increased the expression of virus interacting proteins C1q-R and β-defensin in all 3 probes and groups, which was prevented by either Erk1/2 MAPK or cAMP inhibition. In addition, OM-85 significantly reduced Rhinovirus induced expression of ICAM1 involving p38 MAPK. In BEC OM-85 had no significant effect on the expression of ICOS, ICOSL and MHC-2 membrane proteins nor on the adaptor protein MyD88. CONCLUSION The OM-85-induced increased of C1q-R and β-defensin, both important for antigen presentation and phagocytosis, supports its activity in host cell's defence against Rhinovirus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Roth
- Pulmonary Cell Research, DBM University Basel and Pneumology Clinic, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Daiana Stolz
- Pulmonary Cell Research, DBM University Basel and Pneumology Clinic, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael Tamm
- Pulmonary Cell Research, DBM University Basel and Pneumology Clinic, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Bogdanov P, Solà-Adell C, Hernández C, García-Ramírez M, Sampedro J, Simó-Servat O, Valeri M, Pasquali C, Simó R. Calcium dobesilate prevents the oxidative stress and inflammation induced by diabetes in the retina of db/db mice. J Diabetes Complications 2017; 31:1481-1490. [PMID: 28847447 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2017.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIM Calcium dobesilate (CaD) is beneficial in early stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR), but its mechanisms of action remains to be elucidated. The aim was to investigate the effect of CaD on proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress. METHODS db/db mice were randomly assigned to daily oral treatment with CaD (200mg/kg/day) or vehicle for 15days. Biomarkers of oxidative stress (dihydroethidium, malondialdehyde), NF-κB, and proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, MCP-1) were examined in the retina by immunohistochemical analysis. Cultures of human retinal endothelial cells (HRECs) were used for complementary experiments. RESULTS CaD significantly reduced the biomarkers of oxidative stress in the retina of db/db mice. In addition, CaD prevented the increase of NF-κB, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α and MCP-1 induced by diabetes. CaD inhibited the activation of NF-kβ induced by IL-1β by preventing IKKB-α phosphorylation in HRECs and reduced the upregulation of IL-6 and IL-18 induced by TNF-α in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that antioxidant and antiinflammatory effects are crucial in accounting for the effectiveness of CaD for treating DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Bogdanov
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain
| | - Cristina Solà-Adell
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain
| | - Cristina Hernández
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain
| | - Marta García-Ramírez
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain
| | - Joel Sampedro
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olga Simó-Servat
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Valeri
- Unit of High Technology, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Rafael Simó
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain.
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Solà-Adell C, Bogdanov P, Hernández C, Sampedro J, Valeri M, Garcia-Ramirez M, Pasquali C, Simó R. Calcium Dobesilate Prevents Neurodegeneration and Vascular Leakage in Experimental Diabetes. Curr Eye Res 2017; 42:1273-1286. [PMID: 28574750 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2017.1302591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The mechanisms involved in the reported beneficial effects of Calcium dobesilate monohydrate (CaD) for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy (DR) remain to be elucidated. The main aim of the present study is to examine whether CaD prevents early events in the pathogenesis of DR such as neurodegeneration and vascular leakage. In addition, putative mediators of both neurodegeneration (glutamate/GLAST, ET-1/ETB receptor) and early microvascular impairment (ET-1/ETA receptor, oxidative stress, VEGF, and the PKC-delta-p38 MAPK pathway) have been examined. METHODS Diabetic (db/db) mice were randomly assigned to daily oral treatment with CaD (200 mg/Kg/day) (n = 12) or vehicle (n = 12) for 14 days. In addition, 12 non-diabetic (db/+) mice matched by age were used as the control group. Functional abnormalities were assessed by electroretinography. Neurodegeneration and microvascular abnormalities were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. Glutamate was determined by HPLC. RESULTS CaD significantly decreased glial activation and apoptosis and produced a significant improvement in the electroretinogram parameters. Mechanistically, CaD prevented the diabetes-induced up-regulation of ET-1 and its cognate receptors (ETA-R and ETB-R), which are involved in microvascular impairment and neurodegeneration, respectively. In addition, treatment with CaD downregulated GLAST, the main glutamate transporter, and accordingly prevented the increase in glutamate. Finally, CaD prevented oxidative stress, and the upregulation of VEGF and PKC delta-p38 MAPK pathway induced by diabetes, thus resulting in a significant reduction in vascular leakage. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate for the first time that CaD exerts neuroprotection in an experimental model of DR. In addition, we provide first evidence that CaD prevents the overexpression of ET-1 and its receptors in the diabetic retina. These beneficial effects on the neurovascular unit could pave the way for clinical trials addressed to confirm the effectiveness of CaD in very early stages of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Solà-Adell
- a Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit , Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain.,b Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) , Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) , Madrid , Spain
| | - Patricia Bogdanov
- a Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit , Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain.,b Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) , Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) , Madrid , Spain
| | - Cristina Hernández
- a Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit , Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain.,b Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) , Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) , Madrid , Spain
| | - Joel Sampedro
- a Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit , Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Marta Valeri
- c Unit of High Technology , Vall d'Hebron Research Institute , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Marta Garcia-Ramirez
- a Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit , Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain.,b Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) , Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) , Madrid , Spain
| | - Christian Pasquali
- d OM Pharma, a Vifor Pharma Co , Preclinical Research , Meyrin , Geneva , Switzerland
| | - Rafael Simó
- a Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit , Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain.,b Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) , Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) , Madrid , Spain
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Scott NM, Lauzon-Joset JF, Jones AC, Mincham KT, Troy NM, Leffler J, Serralha M, Prescott SL, Robertson SA, Pasquali C, Bosco A, Holt PG, Strickland DH. Protection against maternal infection-associated fetal growth restriction: proof-of-concept with a microbial-derived immunomodulator. Mucosal Immunol 2017; 10:789-801. [PMID: 27759021 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2016.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Infection-associated inflammatory stress during pregnancy is the most common cause of fetal growth restriction and/or miscarriage. Treatment strategies for protection of at-risk mothers are limited to a narrow range of vaccines, which do not cover the bulk of the common pathogens most frequently encountered. Using mouse models, we demonstrate that oral treatment during pregnancy with a microbial-derived immunomodulator (OM85), currently used clinically for attenuation of infection-associated airway inflammatory symptoms in infants-adults, markedly reduces risk for fetal loss/growth restriction resulting from maternal challenge with bacterial lipopolysaccharide or influenza. Focusing on LPS exposure, we demonstrate that the key molecular indices of maternal inflammatory stress, notably high levels of RANTES, MIP-1α, CCL2, KC, and G-CSF (granulocyte colony-stimulating factor) in gestational tissues/serum, are abrogated by OM85 pretreatment. Systems-level analyses conducted in parallel using RNASeq revealed that OM85 pretreatment selectively tunes LPS-induced activation in maternal gestational tissues for attenuated expression of TNF, IL1, and IFNG-driven proinflammatory networks, without constraining Type1-IFN-associated networks central to first-line antimicrobial defense. This study suggests that broad-spectrum protection-of-pregnancy against infection-associated inflammatory stress, without compromising capacity for efficient pathogen eradication, represents an achievable therapeutic goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M Scott
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, West Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - J F Lauzon-Joset
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, West Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - A C Jones
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, West Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - K T Mincham
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, West Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - N M Troy
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, West Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - J Leffler
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, West Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - M Serralha
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, West Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - S L Prescott
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, West Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, West Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - S A Robertson
- Robinson Research Institute and School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - C Pasquali
- OM Pharma, SA Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A Bosco
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, West Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - P G Holt
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, West Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - D H Strickland
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, West Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Manolova V, Flace A, Jeandet P, Bessler WC, Pasquali C. Biomarkers Induced by the Immunomodulatory Bacterial Extract OM-85: Unique Roles for Peyer’s Patches and Intestinal Epithelial Cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.4172/2155-9899.1000494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Muffatti F, Tamburrino D, Partelli S, Lopez C, Albers M, Milanetto A, Pasquali C, Manzoni M, Toumpanakis C, Fusai G, Bartsch D, Falconi M. Long-term comparison of conservative management versus surgery for nonfunctioning pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors less than 2 cm affecting patients with men1 syndrome. Eur J Surg Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2016.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Villa R, Paruccini N, Pasquali C, Spadavecchia C, Baglivi A, Radice A, Crespi A. Low contrast detectability assessment with homemade software and dedicated phantom: evaluation of results and comparison with cdmam analysis. Phys Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2016.07.727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Canton SA, Merigliano S, Pasquali C. Prosthetic mesh "slim-cigarette like" for laparoscopic repair of ventral hernias: a new technique without transabdominal fixation sutures. Updates Surg 2016; 68:199-203. [PMID: 26951523 DOI: 10.1007/s13304-016-0348-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Prosthetic mesh rolled up and fixed with stitches like a slim cigarette ("slim-mesh") for laparoscopic ventral hernia (VH) repair is an new technique which allows an easy intraperitoneally introduction, distension and circumferential fixation of a prosthetic mesh without transabdominal fixation sutures even for meshes larger than 16 cm up to 30 cm for the "slim-mesh" repair of wide ventral hernias. We report the technique of laparoscopic repair of VH with "slim-mesh". This technique enables an easy intra-peritoneally introduction of the mesh through the trocar because it reduces consistently its size, it allows a rapid intra-abdominal handling of the mesh and a fast and easy fixation for VH repair. The average time of surgery with "slim-mesh" for treatment of all 28 VH was 97 min ranging from 57 to 160 min. The average time for the repair of the 24 VH smaller than 10 cm was 91 and 135 min for the four VH larger than 10-22 cm. This new surgical technique leads to a reduction of surgical risks avoiding the use of transfascial sutures with the associated complications. This new surgical procedure in our experience is fast, safe, simple and also easily reproducible by surgeons in laparoscopic training. This technique may be used in wide VH (larger than 10-22 cm) that generally require open surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Canton
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DiSCOG), University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
| | - S Merigliano
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DiSCOG), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - C Pasquali
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DiSCOG), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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Spadavecchia C, Villa R, Pasquali C, Paruccini N, Crespi A. Low contrast detectability in digital mammography: Comparison between two systems through a statistical method. Phys Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2016.01.315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Villa R, Spadavecchia C, Radice A, Pasquali C, Paruccini N, De Ponti E, Crespi A. Low contrast detectability assessment through a statistical method: Homemade software and dedicated phantom. Phys Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2016.01.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Beltrame V, Gruppo M, Merigliano S, Bissoli S, Pasquali C, Sperti C. Preoperative 18-FDG PET predicts survival in resectable pancreatic cancer. Eur J Surg Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2014.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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27
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Pasquali C, Salami O, Taneja M, Gollwitzer ES, Trompette A, Pattaroni C, Yadava K, Bauer J, Marsland BJ. Enhanced Mucosal Antibody Production and Protection against Respiratory Infections Following an Orally Administered Bacterial Extract. Front Med (Lausanne) 2014; 1:41. [PMID: 25593914 PMCID: PMC4292070 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2014.00041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Secondary bacterial infections following influenza infection are a pressing problem facing respiratory medicine. Although antibiotic treatment has been highly successful over recent decades, fatalities due to secondary bacterial infections remain one of the leading causes of death associated with influenza. We have assessed whether administration of a bacterial extract alone is sufficient to potentiate immune responses and protect against primary infection with influenza, and secondary infections with either Streptococcus pneumoniae or Klebsiella pneumoniae in mice. We show that oral administration with the bacterial extract, OM-85, leads to a maturation of dendritic cells and B-cells characterized by increases in MHC II, CD86, and CD40, and a reduction in ICOSL. Improved immune responsiveness against influenza virus reduced the threshold of susceptibility to secondary bacterial infections, and thus protected the mice. The protection was associated with enhanced polyclonal B-cell activation and release of antibodies that were effective at neutralizing the virus. Taken together, these data show that oral administration of bacterial extracts provides sufficient mucosal immune stimulation to protect mice against a respiratory tract viral infection and associated sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olawale Salami
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Service de Pneumologie, CHUV , Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Manisha Taneja
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Service de Pneumologie, CHUV , Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Eva S Gollwitzer
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Service de Pneumologie, CHUV , Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Aurelien Trompette
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Service de Pneumologie, CHUV , Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Céline Pattaroni
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Service de Pneumologie, CHUV , Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Koshika Yadava
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Service de Pneumologie, CHUV , Lausanne , Switzerland
| | | | - Benjamin J Marsland
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Service de Pneumologie, CHUV , Lausanne , Switzerland
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Parola C, Salogni L, Vaira X, Scutera S, Somma P, Salvi V, Musso T, Tabbia G, Bardessono M, Pasquali C, Mantovani A, Sozzani S, Bosisio D. Selective activation of human dendritic cells by OM-85 through a NF-kB and MAPK dependent pathway. PLoS One 2013; 8:e82867. [PMID: 24386121 PMCID: PMC3875422 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0082867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OM-85 (Broncho-Vaxom®, Broncho-Munal®, Ommunal®, Paxoral®, Vaxoral®), a product made of the water soluble fractions of 21 inactivated bacterial strain patterns responsible for respiratory tract infections, is used for the prevention of recurrent upper respiratory tract infections and acute exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. OM-85 is able to potentiate both innate and adaptive immune responses. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for OM-85 activation are still largely unknown. Purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of OM-85 stimulation on human dendritic cell functions. We show that OM-85 selectively induced NF-kB and MAPK activation in human DC with no detectable action on the interferon regulatory factor (IRF) pathway. As a consequence, chemokines (i.e. CXCL8, CXCL6, CCL3, CCL20, CCL22) and B-cell activating cytokines (i.e. IL-6, BAFF and IL-10) were strongly upregulated. OM-85 also synergized with the action of classical pro-inflammatory stimuli used at suboptimal concentrations. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with COPD, a pathological condition often associated with altered PRR expression pattern, fully retained the capability to respond to OM-85. These results provide new insights on the molecular mechanisms of OM-85 activation of the immune response and strengthen the rational for its use in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Parola
- Dept. Molecular and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Laura Salogni
- Dept. Molecular and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Xenia Vaira
- Dept. Molecular and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Sara Scutera
- Dept. Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Paolo Somma
- Dept. Molecular and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Valentina Salvi
- Dept. Molecular and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Tiziana Musso
- Dept. Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Tabbia
- Pulmonary Division, Ospedale S. Giovanni Battista, Torino, Italy
| | - Marco Bardessono
- Pulmonary Division, Ospedale S. Giovanni Battista, Torino, Italy
| | | | - Alberto Mantovani
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy
- Dept. Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Silvano Sozzani
- Dept. Molecular and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Daniela Bosisio
- Dept. Molecular and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- * E-mail:
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Beltrame V, Tona F, della Bona E, Pasquali C, Sperti C. Pancreatectomy for pancreatic cancer is safe and feasible in octogenarians. Eur J Surg Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2012.07.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Beltrame V, Tona F, della Bona E, Pasquali C, Sperti C. Multimodal management of recurrent pancreatic cancer: Myth or reality? Eur J Surg Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2012.07.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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31
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Benakis C, Vaslin A, Pasquali C, Hirt L. Neuroprotection by inhibiting the c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathway after cerebral ischemia occurs independently of interleukin-6 and keratinocyte-derived chemokine (KC/CXCL1) secretion. J Neuroinflammation 2012; 9:76. [PMID: 22533966 PMCID: PMC3416579 DOI: 10.1186/1742-2094-9-76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2011] [Accepted: 04/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cerebral ischemia is associated with the activation of glial cells, infiltration of leukocytes and an increase in inflammatory mediators in the ischemic brain and systemic circulation. How this inflammatory response influences lesion size and neurological outcome remains unclear. D-JNKI1, an inhibitor of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathway, is strongly neuroprotective in animal models of stroke. Intriguingly, the protection mediated by D-JNKI1 is high even with intravenous administration at very low doses with undetectable drug levels in the brain, pointing to a systemic mode of action, perhaps on inflammation. Findings We evaluated whether D-JNKI1, administered intravenously 3 h after the onset of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), modulates secretion of the inflammatory mediators interleukin-6 and keratinocyte-derived chemokine in the plasma and from the spleen and brain at several time points after MCAO. We found an early release of both mediators in the systemic circulation followed by an increase in the brain and went on to show a later systemic increase in vehicle-treated mice. Release of interleukin-6 and keratinocyte-derived chemokine from the spleen of mice with MCAO was not significantly different from sham mice. Interestingly, the secretion of these inflammatory mediators was not altered in the systemic circulation or brain after successful neuroprotection with D-JNKI1. Conclusions We demonstrate that neuroprotection with D-JNKI1 after experimental cerebral ischemia is independent of systemic and brain release of interleukin-6 and keratinocyte-derived chemokine. Furthermore, our findings suggest that the early systemic release of interleukin-6 and keratinocyte-derived chemokine may not necessarily predict an unfavorable outcome in this model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne Benakis
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University Hospital of Lausanne-CHUV, BH 07 Lausanne 1011, Switzerland.
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Pasquali C, Polizzi M, Sperti C, Vincenzi V, Alaggio R, Pedrazzoli S. Frantz's Tumor of the Pancreas in Males. Report of Two Cases. Eur J Surg Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2011.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Arosio M, Pasquali C, Crivellaro C, De Ponti E, Morzenti S, Guerra L, Crespi A, Messa C. Performance of a SPECT collimator-detector response reconstruction algorithm: phantom studies and validation in inflammation clinical studies. Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2011; 55:671-679. [PMID: 21285924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate evolution for bone (EfB), one of the recent corrective collimator detector response (CDR) image reconstruction packages, resolution recovery and iterative reconstruction protocols were compared to the standard Filtered Back Projection (FBP) protocol and the possibility of time reduced acquisition (15 instead of 30 seconds/projection) was evaluated. METHODS Tomographic spatial resolution, contrast, noise and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) were analyzed in phantom studies. Patient studies were conducted on sixteen [99mTc]HMPAO labeled leukocyte patients with suspected local inflammation, submitted to SPECT/CT and conventional leukocyte scintigraphy. Target background ratio (TBR) and boundary of each lesion were calculated. Images were also analyzed by visual inspection by two blinded expert physicians. RESULTS a) Phantom: resolution in phantom improves with the use of EfB mainly due to iterative reconstruction methods vs FBP. EfB shows a reduction in noise. No differences were found in contrast data, while SNR changes were mainly due to changes in noise. Time reduction, while increasing image noise, does not modify resolution; nevertheless, half-time EfB noise is the same as full-time FBP noise. b) PATIENTS lesion boundary is better defined in patient studies using iterative reconstruction vs FBP; no changes were observed for CDR vs iterative OSEM, or for full-time vs half-time acquisition. TBR is comparable in iterative and FBP protocols, while it is improved by EfB. At visual inspection, a higher score is always associated with EfB. CONCLUSION Resolution, noise, SNR and TBR improve when applying the resolution recovery. EfB permits reduction of acquisition time without compromising image quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Arosio
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, San Gerardo Hospital of Monza, Monza, Italy.
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De Ponti E, Morzenti S, Guerra L, Pasquali C, Arosio M, Bettinardi V, Crespi A, Gilardi MC, Messa C. Performance measurements for the PET/CT Discovery-600 using NEMA NU 2-2007 standards. Med Phys 2011; 38:968-74. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3544655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Barberis L, Pasquali C, Bertschy-Meier D, Cuccurullo A, Costa C, Ambrogio C, Vilbois F, Chiarle R, Wymann M, Altruda F, Rommel C, Hirsch E. Leukocyte transmigration is modulated by chemokine-mediated PI3Kγ-dependent phosphorylation of vimentin. Eur J Immunol 2009; 39:1136-46. [DOI: 10.1002/eji.200838884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Favre N, Camps M, Arod C, Chabert C, Rommel C, Pasquali C. Chemokine receptor CCR2 undergoes transportin1-dependent nuclear translocation. Proteomics 2008; 8:4560-76. [PMID: 18846510 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200800211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Chemokines (CCs) are small chemoattractant cytokines involved in a wide variety of biological and pathological processes. Released by cells in the milieu, and extracellular matrix and activating signalling cascades upon binding to specific G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), they trigger many cellular events. In various pathologies, CCs are directly responsible for excessive recruitment of leukocytes to inflammatory sites and recent studies using chemokine receptor (CCR) antagonists permitted these molecules to reach the market for medical use. While interaction of CCs with their receptors has been extensively documented, downstream GPCR signalling cascades triggered by CC are less well understood. Given the pivotal role of chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) in monocyte recruitment, activation and differentiation and its implication in several autoimmune-inflammatory pathologies, we searched for potential new CCR2-interacting proteins by engineering a modified CCR2 that we used as bait. Herein, we show the direct interaction of CCR2 with transportin1 (TRN1), which we demonstrate is followed by CCR2 receptor internalization. Further characterization of this novel interaction revealed that TRN1-binding to CCR2 increased upon time in agonist treated cells and promotes its nuclear translocation in a TRN1-dependent manner. Finally, we provide evidence that following translocation, the receptor localizes at the outer edge of the nuclear envelope where it is finally released from TRN1.
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Ali K, Camps M, Pearce WP, Ji H, Rückle T, Kuehn N, Pasquali C, Chabert C, Rommel C, Vanhaesebroeck B. Isoform-specific functions of phosphoinositide 3-kinases: p110 delta but not p110 gamma promotes optimal allergic responses in vivo. J Immunol 2008; 180:2538-44. [PMID: 18250464 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.180.4.2538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The leukocyte-enriched p110gamma and p110delta isoforms of PI3K have been shown to control in vitro degranulation of mast cells induced by cross-linking of the high affinity receptor of IgE (FcepsilonRI). However, the relative contribution of these PI3K isoforms in IgE-dependent allergic responses in vivo is controversial. A side-by-side comparative analysis of the role of p110gamma and p110delta in mast cell function, using genetic approaches and newly developed isoform-selective pharmacologic inhibitors, confirms that both PI3K isoforms play an important role in FcepsilonRI-activated mast cell degranulation in vitro. In vivo, however, only p110delta was found to be required for optimal IgE/Ag-dependent hypersensitivity responses in mice. These observations identify p110delta as a key therapeutic target among PI3K isoforms for allergy- and mast cell-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Ali
- Centre for Cell Signalling, Institute of Cancer, Queen Mary University of London, Sir John Vane Research Centre, Charterhouse Square, London, United Kingdom
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Pasquali C, Bertschy-Meier D, Chabert C, Curchod ML, Arod C, Booth R, Mechtler K, Vilbois F, Xenarios I, Ferguson CG, Prestwich GD, Camps M, Rommel C. A chemical proteomics approach to phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling in macrophages. Mol Cell Proteomics 2007; 6:1829-41. [PMID: 17617665 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.t600066-mcp200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Prior work using lipid-based affinity matrices has been done to investigate distinct sets of lipid-binding proteins, and one series of experiments has proven successful in mammalian cells for the proteome-wide identification of lipid-binding proteins. However, most lipid-based proteomics screens require scaled up sample preparation, are often composed of multiple cell types, and are not adapted for simultaneous signal transduction studies. Herein we provide a chemical proteomics strategy that uses cleavable lipid "baits" with broad applicability to diverse biological samples. The novel baits were designed to avoid preparative steps to allow functional proteomics studies when the biological source is a limiting factor. Validation of the chemical baits was first confirmed by the selective isolation of several known endogenous phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling proteins using primary bone marrow-derived macrophages. The use of this technique for cellular proteomics and MS/MS analysis was then demonstrated by the identification of known and potential novel lipid-binding proteins that was confirmed in vitro for several proteins by direct lipid-protein interactions. Further to the identification, the method is also compatible with subsequent signal transduction studies, notably for protein kinase profiling of the isolated lipid-bound protein complexes. Taken together, this integration of minimal scale proteomics, lipid chemistry, and activity-based readouts provides a significant advancement in the ability to identify and study the lipid proteome of single, relevant cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Pasquali
- Merck Serono International S.A., 9 Ch. Des Mines, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland
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Pedrazzoli S, Pasquali C, Sperti C. Extent of lymphadenectomy in the resection of pancreatic cancer. Analysis of the existing evidence. Rocz Akad Med Bialymst 2005; 50:85-90. [PMID: 16358944 DOI: pmid/16358944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Pancreaticoduodenectomy is considered the standard procedure for the surgical treatment of the pancreatic head cancer. However, the extent of lymph node clearance associated to the procedure is still largely debated. Arguments in favour of an extended lymphadenectomy are the regular progression of lymph node invasion, without skip metastases, and the removal of the extrapancreatic neural plexus that is invaded in 52-72% of patients. Arguments against the extended lymphadenectomy are the failure of extended lymphadenectomy to improve survival in other cancers, and the severe diarrhoea that follows the skeletonisation of the superior mesenteric artery. After Ishikawa's paper, several retrospective studies supported a longer survival after an extended than after a standard lymphadenectomy, but as much retrospective studies failed to demonstrate any difference. Only three prospective randomised controlled trials have been performed so far. Unfortunately all are underpowered, and the substantial differences in the surgical procedures, in the adjuvant treatment, and in the length of follow-up make the comparison impossible. Only one study reports a significantly longer survival for lymph node positive patients who underwent an extended lymphadenectomy, but adjuvant treatment was not performed. Furthermore, the difference was of minimal clinical impact. At least two adequately powered prospective Randomised Controlled Trials including a true extended lymphadenectomy, and a standardised adjuvant treatment, would be required to answer the question. Unfortunately, we have not yet a standardised adjuvant (or neoadjuvant) treatment, and we do not know the impact of such treatment on the expected statistical difference in the survival after a standard or extended lymphadenectomy. The lot of work required to perform such trials probably doesn't worth the expected results.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pedrazzoli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
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Pizzi S, Azzoni C, Bottarelli L, Campanini N, D'Adda T, Pasquali C, Rossi G, Rindi G, Bordi C. RASSF1A promoter methylation and 3p21.3 loss of heterozygosity are features of foregut, but not midgut and hindgut, malignant endocrine tumours. J Pathol 2005; 206:409-16. [PMID: 15887288 DOI: 10.1002/path.1784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The Ras-association domain family 1A (RASSF1A) tumour suppressor gene is inactivated in a variety of solid tumours, usually by epigenetic silencing of the promoter and/or allelic loss of its locus at 3p21.3. RASSF1A induces cell cycle arrest through inhibition of cyclin D1 accumulation. In this work, 62 endocrine tumours from different sites in the gut were investigated for methylation of the RASSF1A promoter using the polymerase chain reaction, the presence of 3p21.3 deletions by loss of heterozygosity analysis, and cyclin D1 expression by immunohistochemistry. Methylation was found in 20/62 (32%) cases and was restricted to foregut tumours; deletion at 3p21.3 was found in 15/58 (26%) informative cases and restricted to malignant foregut tumours; cyclin D1 hyper-expression was found in 31/58 (53%) cases and correlated with RASSF1A methylation. Our data suggest that RASSF1A is involved in the development of endocrine tumours derived from the foregut only, and that the presence of both RASSF1A methylation and 3p21.3 deletion is associated with malignancy. These results may provide a rationale for foregut-targeted therapy for aggressive endocrine carcinomas entailing the use of demethylating agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pizzi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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41
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De Carvalho Bittencourt M, Herren S, Graber P, Vilbois F, Pasquali C, Berney C, Plitz T, Nicoletti F, Kosco-Vilbois MH. Extracellular lysosome-associated membrane protein-1 (LAMP-1) mediates autoimmune disease progression in the NOD model of type 1 diabetes. Eur J Immunol 2005; 35:1501-9. [PMID: 15789355 DOI: 10.1002/eji.200425851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Treatment (from 5 to 25 weeks of age) with a novel blocking monoclonal antibody, mAb I-10, directed against the plasma membrane (pm) form of LAMP-1, protected against development of autoimmune diabetes in the NOD mouse. A shorter course of treatment, i.e. from 5 to 12 weeks of age, significantly reduced the occurrence of insulitis as well as disease onset. Interfering with pm-LAMP-1 required continuous treatment as tolerance was not observed when treatment was stopped, and no higher proportion of cells with a T regulatory phenotype (e.g. CD4(+)CD25(+)) were induced. The mechanism appears to involve modulating a proinflammatory cytokine, as the proportion of pancreatic-infiltrating IFN-gamma-positive cells was significantly reduced in the mAb I-10-treated group. These results demonstrate an unexpected role for pm-LAMP-1 in autoimmune disease progression, and suggest that further investigation should be performed to understand how this molecule modulates IFN-gamma-driven responses.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Antibodies, Blocking/immunology
- Antibodies, Blocking/pharmacology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
- Antigens, CD/immunology
- Blotting, Western
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/immunology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/prevention & control
- Disease Models, Animal
- Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
- Female
- Flow Cytometry
- Interferon-gamma/biosynthesis
- Interferon-gamma/drug effects
- Interferon-gamma/immunology
- Lysosomal Membrane Proteins
- Membrane Proteins/drug effects
- Membrane Proteins/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Pancreas/drug effects
- Pancreas/immunology
- Th1 Cells/drug effects
- Th1 Cells/immunology
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Pasquali C, Sperti C, Baratella P, Liessi G, Pedrazzoli S. [Enucleation-resection of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: 25 years of experience]. Suppl Tumori 2005; 4:S59-60. [PMID: 16437904 DOI: pmid/16437904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
From 1980 to 2004, out of 109 patients who underwent surgery for neuroendocrine pancreatic tumor, 33 had a simple tumor excision. Seventy-two percent of cases were insulinomas. Age, sex, site and size of the tumor, associated diseases, hospital stay and complications were retrospectively reviewed by the clinical records. Patients (12 males and 21 females) averaged 56.8 years, range 20-86. Mean size of the tumor was 1.7 cm and 54.5% were in the pancreatic head; 78.8% of cases had medical associated diseases. Hospital stay was 12 days (median; range, 6-81 days) and mean period of gastric suction was 4 days. Forty-eight percent had a uneventful postoperative course. Complications were divided in early (related to pancreatic surgery, related to general open surgery and medical) and late events. Complication related to pancreatic surgery were 6/33 (18%); 5 pancreatic fistulas (4 low output) and 1 acute pancreatitis, while 5/33 had a general surgery complication (2 leacking due to gastric and duodenal associated operations). Medical complications were recorded in 13 cases. Late complications occurred in 4 cases (2 incisional hernias, 1 pseudocyst and 1 keloid). No patient was re-operated for pancreatic complications; 1 was reoperated for evisceration and 1 for hyper-parathyroidism in the early post-operative period. No mortality occurred. Re-evaluation of the clinical records in order to be submitted to laparoscopic surgery excluded 17/33 cases (51%) as candidate to laparoscopic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Pasquali
- Clinica Chirurgica IV, Università di Padova
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Pasquali C, Sperti C, Lunardi C, Scappin S, Chierichetti F, Liessi G, Pedrazzoli S. [Positron emission tomography with fluorodeoxyglucose in gastro-entero-pancreatic tumors: diagnostic role and prognostic implications]. Suppl Tumori 2005; 4:S68-71. [PMID: 16437910 DOI: pmid/16437910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
From November 1994 to November 2004, seventy-seven patients with neuroendocrine gastro-entero-pancreatic tumor (71% pancreatic) were investigated with 18-fluorine-deoxi-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET). PET results were compared with CT-scan, MRI and octreoscan scintigraphy and clinico-pathologic features of patients and survival. Overall PET sensitivity was 57%; 78% of malignant tumors, 67% of borderline and 17% of benign tumors were detected by FDG-PET. No duodenal tumor was detected by PET scan. Only 16% of primary less than 2 cm in size was localized. In 16% of cases PET scan provided new information able to change therapeutic management. In PET positive patients the addictive information obtained by PET scan when compared with octreoscan, MRI and CT scan were respectively 50% more, 26% more and 30% more. In malignant neuroendocrine tumors PET positivity was related to short survival. No patient with malignant tumor died for disease progression in the follow-up when PET was negative, while 13/35 PET positive patients died (p <0.003). FDG-PET proved to be a second line technique in neuroendocrine digestive tumors. PET results improve clinical staging of disease and is related to survival in malignant cases; in 16% of cases may change the therapeutic option.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Pasquali
- Clinica Chirurgica IV, Università di Padova
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Weiss-Haljiti C, Pasquali C, Ji H, Gillieron C, Chabert C, Curchod ML, Hirsch E, Ridley AJ, Hooft van Huijsduijnen R, Camps M, Rommel C. Involvement of phosphoinositide 3-kinase gamma, Rac, and PAK signaling in chemokine-induced macrophage migration. J Biol Chem 2004; 279:43273-84. [PMID: 15292195 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m402924200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In macrophages, chemotactic stimuli cause the activation of Rac and PAK, but little is known about the signaling pathways involved and their role in chemotactic gradient sensing. Herein, we report that in macrophages, the chemokine RANTES (regulated on activation normal T cell expressed and secreted)/CCL5 activates the small GTPase Rac and its downstream target PAK2 within seconds. This response depends on Gi activation and largely on the subsequent triggering of phosphoinositide 3-kinase gamma (PI3Kgamma) and Rac. Retroviral transduction of tagged Rac1 and -2 indicates that RANTES/CCL5-mediated activation of PI3Kgamma triggers Rac1 but not Rac2. In agreement, silencing of Rac1 by shRNA blocks PAK2 activity and inhibits RANTES/CCL5-induced macrophage polarization and directional migration. On the other hand, the tyrosine kinase receptor agonist CSF-1 activates PAK2 independently of PI3Kgamma and Rac. Our results thus demonstrate a chemokine-specific signaling pathway in which Gi and PI3Kgamma coordinate to drive Rac1 and PAK2 activation that eventually controls the chemotactic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Weiss-Haljiti
- Serono Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Serono International S.A., 14 Chemin des Aulx, CH 1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland
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Benton B, Rommel C, Velleca M, Pasquali C. Mining for Protein Kinase Substrates: Integration of Biochemistry, Genetics and Proteomics. CURR PROTEOMICS 2004. [DOI: 10.2174/1570164043379433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Pasquali C, Curchod ML, Wälchli S, Espanel X, Guerrier M, Arigoni F, Strous G, Hooft van Huijsduijnen R. Identification of protein tyrosine phosphatases with specificity for the ligand-activated growth hormone receptor. Mol Endocrinol 2003; 17:2228-39. [PMID: 12907755 DOI: 10.1210/me.2003-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) play key roles in switching off tyrosine phosphorylation cascades, such as initiated by cytokine receptors. We have used substrate-trapping mutants of a large set of PTPs to identify members of the PTP family that have substrate specificity for the phosphorylated human GH receptor (GHR) intracellular domain. Among 31 PTPs tested, T cell (TC)-PTP, PTP-beta, PTP1B, stomach cancer-associated PTP 1 (SAP-1), Pyst-2, Meg-2, and PTP-H1 showed specificity for phosphorylated GHR that had been produced by coexpression with a kinase in bacteria. We then used GH-induced, phosphorylated GH receptor, purified from overexpressing mammalian cells, in a Far Western-based approach to test whether these seven PTPs were also capable of recognizing ligand-induced, physiologically phosphorylated GHR. In this assay, only TC-PTP, PTP1B, PTP-H1, and SAP-1 interacted with the mature form of the phosphorylated GHR. In parallel, we show that these PTPs recognize very different subsets of the seven GHR tyrosines that are potentially phosphorylated. Finally, mRNA tissue distribution of these PTPs by RT-PCR analysis and coexpression of the wild-type PTPs to test their ability to dephosphorylate ligand-activated GHR suggest PTP-H1 and PTP1B as potential candidates involved in GHR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Pasquali
- Serono Pharmaceutical Research Institute, 1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland
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Pasquali C, Sperti C, Filipponi C, Pedrazzoli S. Epidemiology of pancreatic cancer in Northeastern Italy: incidence, resectability rate, hospital stay, costs and survival (1990-1992). Dig Liver Dis 2002; 34:723-31. [PMID: 12469800 DOI: 10.1016/s1590-8658(02)80024-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of pancreatic cancer and relative hospital stay and costs are not well known. AIMS To define the incidence, hospital stay and cost of pancreatic cancer in a well-defined area of Italy. PATIENTS AND METHODS Each new case of pancreatic cancer diagnosed between 1990 and 1992 among 669,703 inhabitants in the Veneto Region of Northern Italy was recorded and followed until death or for 5 years after diagnosis. Four types of hospital stay were defined. Type 1: undiagnosed pancreatic cancer; type 2: first diagnosis of pancreatic cancer, treatment excluded; type 3: main treatment; and type 4: follow-up and disease-related complications. Data were analysed for hospital stay-related procedures, costs and survival. RESULTS Pancreatic cancer was diagnosed in 253 patients (12.6/100,000 per year), 43 patients (17.7%) underwent surgical resection, and 93 (36.8%) palliative surgery. The mean duration of type 3 hospital stay was similar for resection, palliative and exploratory surgery. The estimated hospital cost was significantly higher for surgical resection, almost the same for palliative and exploratory surgery, and only slightly lower for medical treatment. Each patient spent a mean of 57.7 days in the hospital. The hospital mortality rate was 4.6% for surgical resection, 22.1% for palliative surgery, and 18.7% for exploratory laparotomy. Overall, the 1-, 2-, 3- and 5-year survival rates were 20.9%, 5.1%, 2.9% and 1.2%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Pancreatic cancer is an expensive, almost incurable disease. Integrated treatments in specialized Centres should reduce the mortality rate and costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Pasquali
- Department of Medical and Surgical Siences, Busonera Hospita, University of Padua, Italy
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Bigini P, Larini S, Pasquali C, Muzio V, Mennini T. Acetyl-L-carnitine shows neuroprotective and neurotrophic activity in primary culture of rat embryo motoneurons. Neurosci Lett 2002; 329:334-8. [PMID: 12183043 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3940(02)00667-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the role of acetyl-L-carnitine (ALCAR) in protecting primary motoneuron cultures exposed to excitotoxic agents or serum-brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) deprived. To exclude that ALCAR works as a metabolic source, we compared its effects with those of L-carnitine (L-CAR), that seems to have no neurotrophic effect. A concentration of 10 mM ALCAR, but not L-CAR, significantly reduced the toxic effect of 50 microM N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA, % viability: NMDA 45.4+/-2.80, NMDA+ALCAR 90.8+/-11.8; P<0.01) and of 5 microM kainate in cultured motoneurons (% viability: kainate 40.66+/-10.73; kainate+ALCAR 63.80+/-13.88; P<0.05). The effect was due to a shift to the right of the dose-response curve for kainate (EC50 for kainate 5.99+/-1.012 microM; kainate+ALCAR 8.62+/-1.13 microM; P<0.05). ALCAR, but not L-CAR, significantly protected against BDNF and serum-deprivation reducing the apoptotic cell death (% viability respect to control: without BDNF/serum 61.8+/-13.3: without BDNF/serum+ALCAR 111.8+/-13.9; P<0.01). Immunocytochemistry showed an increase in choline acethyltransferase and tyrosine kinaseB receptors in motoneurons treated with ALCAR but not with L-CAR. These results suggest that ALCAR treatment improves the motoneurons activity, acting as a neurotrophic factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bigini
- Laboratory for Receptor Pharmacology, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Via Eritrea, 62, 20157 Milan, Italy.
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49
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Fivaz M, Vilbois F, Thurnheer S, Pasquali C, Abrami L, Bickel PE, Parton RG, van der Goot FG. Differential sorting and fate of endocytosed GPI-anchored proteins. EMBO J 2002; 21:3989-4000. [PMID: 12145200 PMCID: PMC126144 DOI: 10.1093/emboj/cdf398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we studied the fate of endocytosed glycosylphosphatidyl inositol anchored proteins (GPI- APs) in mammalian cells, using aerolysin, a bacterial toxin that binds to the GPI anchor, as a probe. We find that GPI-APs are transported down the endocytic pathway to reducing late endosomes in BHK cells, using biochemical, morphological and functional approaches. We also find that this transport correlates with the association to raft-like membranes and thus that lipid rafts are present in late endosomes (in addition to the Golgi and the plasma membrane). In marked contrast, endocytosed GPI-APs reach the recycling endosome in CHO cells and this transport correlates with a decreased raft association. GPI-APs are, however, diverted from the recycling endosome and routed to late endosomes in CHO cells, when their raft association is increased by clustering seven or less GPI-APs with an aerolysin mutant. We conclude that the different endocytic routes followed by GPI-APs in different cell types depend on the residence time of GPI-APs in lipid rafts, and hence that raft partitioning regulates GPI-APs sorting in the endocytic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francis Vilbois
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, 1 rue Michel-Servet, CH-1211 Geneva 4,
Serono Pharmaceutical Research Institute S.A., 14 Chemin des Aulx, CH-1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland, Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Cell Biology and Physiology, St Louis, MO 63110, USA and Institute for Molecular Bioscience, and Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Corresponding author e-mail:
| | | | - Christian Pasquali
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, 1 rue Michel-Servet, CH-1211 Geneva 4,
Serono Pharmaceutical Research Institute S.A., 14 Chemin des Aulx, CH-1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland, Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Cell Biology and Physiology, St Louis, MO 63110, USA and Institute for Molecular Bioscience, and Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Corresponding author e-mail:
| | | | - Perry E. Bickel
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, 1 rue Michel-Servet, CH-1211 Geneva 4,
Serono Pharmaceutical Research Institute S.A., 14 Chemin des Aulx, CH-1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland, Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Cell Biology and Physiology, St Louis, MO 63110, USA and Institute for Molecular Bioscience, and Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Corresponding author e-mail:
| | - Robert G. Parton
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, 1 rue Michel-Servet, CH-1211 Geneva 4,
Serono Pharmaceutical Research Institute S.A., 14 Chemin des Aulx, CH-1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland, Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Cell Biology and Physiology, St Louis, MO 63110, USA and Institute for Molecular Bioscience, and Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Corresponding author e-mail:
| | - F. Gisou van der Goot
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, 1 rue Michel-Servet, CH-1211 Geneva 4,
Serono Pharmaceutical Research Institute S.A., 14 Chemin des Aulx, CH-1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland, Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Cell Biology and Physiology, St Louis, MO 63110, USA and Institute for Molecular Bioscience, and Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Corresponding author e-mail:
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Sperti C, Pasquali C, Chierichetti F, Liessi G, Ferlin G, Pedrazzoli S. Value of 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in the management of patients with cystic tumors of the pancreas. Ann Surg 2001; 234:675-80. [PMID: 11685032 PMCID: PMC1422093 DOI: 10.1097/00000658-200111000-00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the reliability of 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18-FDG PET) in distinguishing benign from malignant cystic lesions of the pancreas. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA The preoperative differential diagnosis of cystic lesions of the pancreas remains difficult: the most important point is to identify malignant or premalignant cysts that require resection. 18-FDG PET is a new imaging procedure based on the increased glucose metabolism by tumor cells and has been proposed for the diagnosis and staging of pancreatic cancer. METHODS During a 4-year period, 56 patients with a suspected cystic tumor of the pancreas underwent 18-FDG PET in addition to computed tomography scanning, serum CA 19-9 assay, and in some instances magnetic resonance imaging or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. The 18-FDG PET was analyzed visually and semiquantitatively using the standard uptake value. The accuracy of 18-FDG PET and computed tomography was determined for preoperative diagnosis of a malignant cyst. RESULTS Seventeen patients had malignant tumors. Sixteen patients (94%) showed 18-FDG uptake with a standard uptake value of 2.6 to 12.0. Twelve patients (70%) were correctly identified as having malignancy by computed tomography, CA 19-9 assay, or both. Thirty-nine patients had benign tumors: only one mucinous cystadenoma showed increased 18-FDG uptake (standard uptake value 2.6). Five patients with benign cysts showed computed tomography findings of malignancy. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values for 18-FDG PET and computed tomography scanning in detecting malignant tumors were 94%, 97%, 94%, and 97% and 65%, 87%, 69%, and 85%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS 18-FDG PET is more accurate than computed tomography in identifying malignant pancreatic cystic lesions and should be used, in combination with computed tomography and tumor markers assay, in the preoperative evaluation of patients with pancreatic cystic lesions. A positive result on 18-FDG PET strongly suggests malignancy and, therefore, a need for resection; a negative result shows a benign tumor that may be treated with limited resection or, in selected high-risk patients, with biopsy, follow-up, or both.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sperti
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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