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Maroto C, Fiz-López A, Pastor R, Bernardo D, Garrote JA, Arranz E, Fernández Salazar L. Plasma levels of intestinal fatty-acid binding protein (I-FABP), abdominal distension and hydrogen concentration after lactitol small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) test. Rev Esp Enferm Dig 2023; 115:727-728. [PMID: 36926907 DOI: 10.17235/reed.2023.9578/2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Breath tests with glucose, lactulose or lactitol are useful for diagnosis of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO). Nevertheless, they have suboptimal sensitivity and specificity and, indeed, are positive in a considerable number of patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The complexity in the management of patients with functional intestinal disorders and the availability of these tests are leading to frequent diagnoses of SIBO. Intestinal Fatty-Acid Binding protein (I-FABP) is a protein present in the cytosol of intestinal epithelial cells. Its plasmatic levels have been related to different enteropathies and, therefore, could be a marker of early intestinal damage with unconfirmed clinical utility. Hence, we have studied the plasmatic I-FABP level of patients who are requested a lactitol test to confirm SIBO and related it to clinical and laboratory characteristics and SIBO test results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Maroto
- Gastroenterology , Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid
| | - Aida Fiz-López
- Unit of Excellence , IBGM. Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC
| | - Raquel Pastor
- Medicine, Dermatology and Toxicology , School of Medicine. Universidad de Valladolid
| | - David Bernardo
- Unit of Excellence , IBGM. Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC
| | | | - Eduardo Arranz
- Unit of Excellence , IBGM. Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC
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Corraliza-Gomez M, Bermejo T, Lilue J, Rodriguez-Iglesias N, Valero J, Cozar-Castellano I, Arranz E, Sanchez D, Ganfornina MD. Insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) as a modulator of microglial phenotypes in the context of Alzheimer's disease and brain aging. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:233. [PMID: 37817156 PMCID: PMC10566021 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02914-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) is an evolutionarily conserved zinc-dependent metallopeptidase highly expressed in the brain, where its specific functions remain poorly understood. Besides insulin, IDE is able to cleave many substrates in vitro, including amyloid beta peptides, making this enzyme a candidate pathophysiological link between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). These antecedents led us to address the impact of IDE absence in hippocampus and olfactory bulb. A specific induction of microgliosis was found in the hippocampus of IDE knockout (IDE-KO) mice, without any effects in neither hippocampal volume nor astrogliosis. Performance on hippocampal-dependent memory tests is influenced by IDE gene dose in 12-month-old mice. Furthermore, a comprehensive characterization of the impact of IDE haploinsufficiency and total deletion in metabolic, behavioral, and molecular parameters in the olfactory bulb, a site of high insulin receptor levels, reveals an unambiguous barcode for IDE-KO mice at that age. Using wildtype and IDE-KO primary microglial cultures, we performed a functional analysis at the cellular level. IDE absence alters microglial responses to environmental signals, resulting in impaired modulation of phenotypic states, with only transitory effects on amyloid-β management. Collectively, our results reveal previously unknown physiological functions for IDE in microglia that, due to cell-compartment topological reasons, cannot be explained by its enzymatic activity, but instead modulate their multidimensional response to various damaging conditions relevant to aging and AD conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Corraliza-Gomez
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular, Excellence Unit, University of Valladolid-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Teresa Bermejo
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular, Excellence Unit, University of Valladolid-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
| | | | - Noelia Rodriguez-Iglesias
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Science Park of the UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain
- Department of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain
| | - Jorge Valero
- Institute of Neuroscience of Castilla y León-INCyL, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Irene Cozar-Castellano
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular, Excellence Unit, University of Valladolid-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Arranz
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular, Excellence Unit, University of Valladolid-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Diego Sanchez
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular, Excellence Unit, University of Valladolid-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Maria Dolores Ganfornina
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular, Excellence Unit, University of Valladolid-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
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Arribas-Rodriguez E, Fernandez-Salazar L, de Andrés B, Arranz E, Garrote JA, Bernardo D. Study and isolation of human intestinal dendritic cell and macrophage subsets. Methods Cell Biol 2023; 179:69-76. [PMID: 37625881 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2023.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells and macrophages are the main antigen-presenting cells (APC). In the gut, they control the mechanisms of tolerance toward commensals and nutrients, at the time that they maintain their capacity to trigger immune responses against invading pathogens. Nevertheless, this balance is not perfect as it can get disrupted like in inflammatory bowel disease (where they drive an abnormal immune response against the microbiota) or in coeliac disease (where they trigger an immune response against dietary gluten). Therefore, the study of human intestinal APC subsets is crucial not just to get a deeper insight in the mechanisms of human intestinal homeostasis, but also to understand the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease and coeliac disease. Nevertheless, their study is quite complicated as despite their relevance, their numbers are scare in the intestinal mucosa. Therefore, we hereby describe different approaches to study human intestinal dendritic cell and macrophage subsets in the human intestinal mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Arribas-Rodriguez
- Mucosal Immunology Lab, Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM, Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Luis Fernandez-Salazar
- Gastroenterology Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Beatriz de Andrés
- Surgery Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Arranz
- Mucosal Immunology Lab, Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM, Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC), Valladolid, Spain
| | - José A Garrote
- Mucosal Immunology Lab, Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM, Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC), Valladolid, Spain; Clinical Laboratory Service, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega, Gerencia Regional de Salud, Valladolid, Spain
| | - David Bernardo
- Mucosal Immunology Lab, Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM, Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC), Valladolid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, Spain.
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4
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Corraliza-Gómez M, Lillo C, Cózar-Castellano I, Arranz E, Sanchez D, Ganfornina MD. Evolutionary Origin of Insulin-Degrading Enzyme and Its Subcellular Localization and Secretion Mechanism: A Study in Microglial Cells. Cells 2022; 11:227. [PMID: 35053342 PMCID: PMC8774118 DOI: 10.3390/cells11020227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) is a zinc-dependent metalloendopeptidase that belongs to the M16A metalloprotease family. IDE is markedly expressed in the brain, where it is particularly relevant due to its in vitro amyloid beta (Aβ)-degrading activity. The subcellular localization of IDE, a paramount aspect to understand how this enzyme can perform its proteolytic functions in vivo, remains highly controversial. In this work, we addressed IDE subcellular localization from an evolutionary perspective. Phylogenetic analyses based on protein sequence and gene and protein structure were performed. An in silico analysis of IDE signal peptide suggests an evolutionary shift in IDE exportation at the prokaryote/eukaryote divide. Subcellular localization experiments in microglia revealed that IDE is mostly cytosolic. Furthermore, IDE associates to membranes by their cytoplasmatic side and further partitions between raft and non-raft domains. When stimulated, microglia change into a secretory active state, produces numerous multivesicular bodies and IDE associates with their membranes. The subsequent inward budding of such membranes internalizes IDE in intraluminal vesicles, which later allows IDE to be exported outside the cells in small extracellular vesicles. We further demonstrate that such an IDE exportation mechanism is regulated by stimuli relevant for microglia in physiological conditions and upon aging and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Corraliza-Gómez
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Excellence Unit, University of Valladolid-CSIC, 47003 Valladolid, Spain; (I.C.-C.); (E.A.); (D.S.); (M.D.G.)
| | - Concepción Lillo
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León (INCYL), University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
- Hospital Virgen de la Vega-Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Irene Cózar-Castellano
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Excellence Unit, University of Valladolid-CSIC, 47003 Valladolid, Spain; (I.C.-C.); (E.A.); (D.S.); (M.D.G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Arranz
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Excellence Unit, University of Valladolid-CSIC, 47003 Valladolid, Spain; (I.C.-C.); (E.A.); (D.S.); (M.D.G.)
| | - Diego Sanchez
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Excellence Unit, University of Valladolid-CSIC, 47003 Valladolid, Spain; (I.C.-C.); (E.A.); (D.S.); (M.D.G.)
| | - Maria D. Ganfornina
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Excellence Unit, University of Valladolid-CSIC, 47003 Valladolid, Spain; (I.C.-C.); (E.A.); (D.S.); (M.D.G.)
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5
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Cossarizza A, Chang HD, Radbruch A, Abrignani S, Addo R, Akdis M, Andrä I, Andreata F, Annunziato F, Arranz E, Bacher P, Bari S, Barnaba V, Barros-Martins J, Baumjohann D, Beccaria CG, Bernardo D, Boardman DA, Borger J, Böttcher C, Brockmann L, Burns M, Busch DH, Cameron G, Cammarata I, Cassotta A, Chang Y, Chirdo FG, Christakou E, Čičin-Šain L, Cook L, Corbett AJ, Cornelis R, Cosmi L, Davey MS, De Biasi S, De Simone G, Del Zotto G, Delacher M, Di Rosa F, Di Santo J, Diefenbach A, Dong J, Dörner T, Dress RJ, Dutertre CA, Eckle SBG, Eede P, Evrard M, Falk CS, Feuerer M, Fillatreau S, Fiz-Lopez A, Follo M, Foulds GA, Fröbel J, Gagliani N, Galletti G, Gangaev A, Garbi N, Garrote JA, Geginat J, Gherardin NA, Gibellini L, Ginhoux F, Godfrey DI, Gruarin P, Haftmann C, Hansmann L, Harpur CM, Hayday AC, Heine G, Hernández DC, Herrmann M, Hoelsken O, Huang Q, Huber S, Huber JE, Huehn J, Hundemer M, Hwang WYK, Iannacone M, Ivison SM, Jäck HM, Jani PK, Keller B, Kessler N, Ketelaars S, Knop L, Knopf J, Koay HF, Kobow K, Kriegsmann K, Kristyanto H, Krueger A, Kuehne JF, Kunze-Schumacher H, Kvistborg P, Kwok I, Latorre D, Lenz D, Levings MK, Lino AC, Liotta F, Long HM, Lugli E, MacDonald KN, Maggi L, Maini MK, Mair F, Manta C, Manz RA, Mashreghi MF, Mazzoni A, McCluskey J, Mei HE, Melchers F, Melzer S, Mielenz D, Monin L, Moretta L, Multhoff G, Muñoz LE, Muñoz-Ruiz M, Muscate F, Natalini A, Neumann K, Ng LG, Niedobitek A, Niemz J, Almeida LN, Notarbartolo S, Ostendorf L, Pallett LJ, Patel AA, Percin GI, Peruzzi G, Pinti M, Pockley AG, Pracht K, Prinz I, Pujol-Autonell I, Pulvirenti N, Quatrini L, Quinn KM, Radbruch H, Rhys H, Rodrigo MB, Romagnani C, Saggau C, Sakaguchi S, Sallusto F, Sanderink L, Sandrock I, Schauer C, Scheffold A, Scherer HU, Schiemann M, Schildberg FA, Schober K, Schoen J, Schuh W, Schüler T, Schulz AR, Schulz S, Schulze J, Simonetti S, Singh J, Sitnik KM, Stark R, Starossom S, Stehle C, Szelinski F, Tan L, Tarnok A, Tornack J, Tree TIM, van Beek JJP, van de Veen W, van Gisbergen K, Vasco C, Verheyden NA, von Borstel A, Ward-Hartstonge KA, Warnatz K, Waskow C, Wiedemann A, Wilharm A, Wing J, Wirz O, Wittner J, Yang JHM, Yang J. Guidelines for the use of flow cytometry and cell sorting in immunological studies (third edition). Eur J Immunol 2021; 51:2708-3145. [PMID: 34910301 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202170126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The third edition of Flow Cytometry Guidelines provides the key aspects to consider when performing flow cytometry experiments and includes comprehensive sections describing phenotypes and functional assays of all major human and murine immune cell subsets. Notably, the Guidelines contain helpful tables highlighting phenotypes and key differences between human and murine cells. Another useful feature of this edition is the flow cytometry analysis of clinical samples with examples of flow cytometry applications in the context of autoimmune diseases, cancers as well as acute and chronic infectious diseases. Furthermore, there are sections detailing tips, tricks and pitfalls to avoid. All sections are written and peer-reviewed by leading flow cytometry experts and immunologists, making this edition an essential and state-of-the-art handbook for basic and clinical researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Cossarizza
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Hyun-Dong Chang
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
- Institute for Biotechnology, Technische Universität, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Radbruch
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Sergio Abrignani
- Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi (INGM), Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Richard Addo
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Mübeccel Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Immanuel Andrä
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Francesco Andreata
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCSS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Annunziato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Eduardo Arranz
- Mucosal Immunology Lab, Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular de Valladolid (IBGM, Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Petra Bacher
- Institute of Immunology, Christian-Albrechts Universität zu Kiel & Universitätsklinik Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology Christian-Albrechts Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sudipto Bari
- Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
- Cancer & Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vincenzo Barnaba
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
- Center for Life Nano & Neuro Science@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Rome, Italy
- Istituto Pasteur - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Dirk Baumjohann
- Medical Clinic III for Oncology, Hematology, Immuno-Oncology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Cristian G Beccaria
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCSS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - David Bernardo
- Mucosal Immunology Lab, Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular de Valladolid (IBGM, Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC), Valladolid, Spain
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
| | - Dominic A Boardman
- Department of Surgery, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Jessica Borger
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Chotima Böttcher
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Leonie Brockmann
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Columbia University, New York City, USA
| | - Marie Burns
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Dirk H Busch
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Munich, Germany
| | - Garth Cameron
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ilenia Cammarata
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonino Cassotta
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Yinshui Chang
- Medical Clinic III for Oncology, Hematology, Immuno-Oncology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Fernando Gabriel Chirdo
- Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos - IIFP (UNLP-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Eleni Christakou
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Center (BRC), Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK
| | - Luka Čičin-Šain
- Department of Viral Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Laura Cook
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Alexandra J Corbett
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rebecca Cornelis
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Lorenzo Cosmi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Martin S Davey
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sara De Biasi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Gabriele De Simone
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Michael Delacher
- Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Research Centre for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Francesca Di Rosa
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Rome, Italy
- Immunosurveillance Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - James Di Santo
- Innate Immunity Unit, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Inserm U1223, Paris, France
| | - Andreas Diefenbach
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
- Mucosal and Developmental Immunology, German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Jun Dong
- Cell Biology, German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), An Institute of the Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Dörner
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Medicine/Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Regine J Dress
- Institute of Systems Immunology, Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Charles-Antoine Dutertre
- Institut National de la Sante Et de la Recherce Medicale (INSERM) U1015, Equipe Labellisee-Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
| | - Sidonia B G Eckle
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Pascale Eede
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maximilien Evrard
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Christine S Falk
- Institute of Transplant Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Markus Feuerer
- Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology (RCI), Regensburg, Germany
- Chair for Immunology, University Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Simon Fillatreau
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151-CNRS, UMR8253, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, Paris Descartes, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Aida Fiz-Lopez
- Mucosal Immunology Lab, Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular de Valladolid (IBGM, Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Marie Follo
- Department of Medicine I, Lighthouse Core Facility, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gemma A Foulds
- John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
- Centre for Health, Ageing and Understanding Disease (CHAUD), School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Julia Fröbel
- Immunology of Aging, Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Nicola Gagliani
- Department of Medicine, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Giovanni Galletti
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Anastasia Gangaev
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Natalio Garbi
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - José Antonio Garrote
- Mucosal Immunology Lab, Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biomedicina y Genética Molecular de Valladolid (IBGM, Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC), Valladolid, Spain
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Servicio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega, Gerencia Regional de Salud de Castilla y León (SACYL), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Jens Geginat
- Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi (INGM), Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicholas A Gherardin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lara Gibellini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Florent Ginhoux
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dale I Godfrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paola Gruarin
- Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi (INGM), Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Haftmann
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Leo Hansmann
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin (CVK), Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Berlin, Germany
| | - Christopher M Harpur
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Adrian C Hayday
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Center (BRC), Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK
- Immunosurveillance Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Guido Heine
- Division of Allergy, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Daniela Carolina Hernández
- Innate Immunity, German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases, Rheumatology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Herrmann
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Oliver Hoelsken
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
- Mucosal and Developmental Immunology, German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Qing Huang
- Department of Surgery, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Samuel Huber
- Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Johanna E Huber
- Institute for Immunology, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Jochen Huehn
- Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Michael Hundemer
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - William Y K Hwang
- Cancer & Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Hematology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Executive Offices, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Matteo Iannacone
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCSS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Sabine M Ivison
- Department of Surgery, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Hans-Martin Jäck
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center, Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter K Jani
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Baerbel Keller
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nina Kessler
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Steven Ketelaars
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Knop
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jasmin Knopf
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hui-Fern Koay
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Katja Kobow
- Department of Neuropathology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Germany
| | - Katharina Kriegsmann
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - H Kristyanto
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Andreas Krueger
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jenny F Kuehne
- Institute of Transplant Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Heike Kunze-Schumacher
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Pia Kvistborg
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Immanuel Kwok
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Daniel Lenz
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Megan K Levings
- Department of Surgery, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Andreia C Lino
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Francesco Liotta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Heather M Long
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Enrico Lugli
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Katherine N MacDonald
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Michael Smith Laboratories, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Laura Maggi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Mala K Maini
- Division of Infection & Immunity, Institute of Immunity & Transplantation, University College London, London, UK
| | - Florian Mair
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Calin Manta
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rudolf Armin Manz
- Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | | | - Alessio Mazzoni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - James McCluskey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Henrik E Mei
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Fritz Melchers
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanne Melzer
- Clinical Trial Center Leipzig, Leipzig University, Härtelstr.16, -18, Leipzig, 04107, Germany
| | - Dirk Mielenz
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center, Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Leticia Monin
- Immunosurveillance Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Lorenzo Moretta
- Department of Immunology, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Multhoff
- Radiation Immuno-Oncology Group, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Technical University of Munich (TUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Luis Enrique Muñoz
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Miguel Muñoz-Ruiz
- Immunosurveillance Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Franziska Muscate
- Department of Medicine, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ambra Natalini
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Katrin Neumann
- Institute of Experimental Immunology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lai Guan Ng
- Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Immunology Programme, Life Science Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Jana Niemz
- Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | | | - Samuele Notarbartolo
- Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi (INGM), Milan, Italy
| | - Lennard Ostendorf
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Laura J Pallett
- Division of Infection & Immunity, Institute of Immunity & Transplantation, University College London, London, UK
| | - Amit A Patel
- Institut National de la Sante Et de la Recherce Medicale (INSERM) U1015, Equipe Labellisee-Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
| | - Gulce Itir Percin
- Immunology of Aging, Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Giovanna Peruzzi
- Center for Life Nano & Neuro Science@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Pinti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - A Graham Pockley
- John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
- Centre for Health, Ageing and Understanding Disease (CHAUD), School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Katharina Pracht
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center, Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Immo Prinz
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Institute of Systems Immunology, Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Irma Pujol-Autonell
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Center (BRC), Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Nadia Pulvirenti
- Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi (INGM), Milan, Italy
| | - Linda Quatrini
- Department of Immunology, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Kylie M Quinn
- School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, RMIT University, Bundorra, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Helena Radbruch
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hefin Rhys
- Flow Cytometry Science Technology Platform, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Maria B Rodrigo
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Chiara Romagnani
- Innate Immunity, German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases, Rheumatology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carina Saggau
- Institute of Immunology, Christian-Albrechts Universität zu Kiel & Universitätsklinik Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Federica Sallusto
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lieke Sanderink
- Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology (RCI), Regensburg, Germany
- Chair for Immunology, University Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Inga Sandrock
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christine Schauer
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexander Scheffold
- Institute of Immunology, Christian-Albrechts Universität zu Kiel & Universitätsklinik Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Hans U Scherer
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Matthias Schiemann
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Frank A Schildberg
- Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Kilian Schober
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Mikrobiologisches Institut - Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Janina Schoen
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schuh
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center, Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thomas Schüler
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Axel R Schulz
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Schulz
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center, Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Julia Schulze
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Sonia Simonetti
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Jeeshan Singh
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Katarzyna M Sitnik
- Department of Viral Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Regina Stark
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin - BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany
- Sanquin Research - Adaptive Immunity, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah Starossom
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christina Stehle
- Innate Immunity, German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases, Rheumatology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Franziska Szelinski
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Medicine/Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Leonard Tan
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Immunology Programme, Life Science Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Attila Tarnok
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology (IMISE), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Department of Preclinical Development and Validation, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Julia Tornack
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Timothy I M Tree
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Center (BRC), Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jasper J P van Beek
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Willem van de Veen
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | | | - Chiara Vasco
- Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi (INGM), Milan, Italy
| | - Nikita A Verheyden
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Anouk von Borstel
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kirsten A Ward-Hartstonge
- Department of Surgery, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Klaus Warnatz
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Waskow
- Immunology of Aging, Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Department of Medicine III, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Annika Wiedemann
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Medicine/Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anneke Wilharm
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - James Wing
- Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Japan
| | - Oliver Wirz
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jens Wittner
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center, Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jennie H M Yang
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Center (BRC), Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK
| | - Juhao Yang
- Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
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Arranz E, De Prado Á, Fiz-López A, Arribas E, Garrote JA, Bernardo D. Human intestinal dendritic cell and macrophage subsets in coeliac disease. Int Rev Cell Mol Biol 2020; 358:85-104. [PMID: 33707058 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2020.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC) and macrophages (Mϕ) constitute the most abundant antigen presenting cells in the human intestinal mucosa. In resting conditions, they are essential to maintain the mechanisms of immune tolerance toward food antigens and commensals, at the time that they keep the capacity to initiate and maintain antigen-specific pro-inflammatory immune responses toward invading pathogens. Nevertheless, this delicate equilibrium between immunity and tolerance is not perfect, like in coeliac disease (CD), where DC and Mϕ drive the development of antigen-specific immune responses toward dietary gluten peptides. In this review, we provide therefore a comprehensive discussion about CD pathogenesis, the human intestinal immune system and the biology of intestinal DC and Mϕ both in resting conditions and in CD. Last, but not least, we discuss about all the remaining issues pending to be studied regarding DC and Mϕ contribution toward CD pathogenesis. This may allow the identification of unique and specific factors which may be useful in the clinical practice, as well as identify new therapeutic targets in order to reestablish the loss intestinal homeostasis in CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Arranz
- Mucosal Immunology Lab. Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Ángel De Prado
- Mucosal Immunology Lab. Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Aida Fiz-López
- Mucosal Immunology Lab. Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Elisa Arribas
- Mucosal Immunology Lab. Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
| | - José A Garrote
- Mucosal Immunology Lab. Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain; Servicio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega, Valladolid, Spain
| | - David Bernardo
- Mucosal Immunology Lab. Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain.
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7
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Corraliza-Gómez M, Gallardo AB, Díaz-Marrero AR, de la Rosa JM, D’Croz L, Darias J, Arranz E, Cózar-Castellano I, Ganfornina MD, Cueto M. Modulation of Glial Responses by Furanocembranolides: Leptolide Diminishes Microglial Inflammation in Vitro and Ameliorates Gliosis In Vivo in a Mouse Model of Obesity and Insulin Resistance. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E378. [PMID: 32708004 PMCID: PMC7459604 DOI: 10.3390/md18080378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are age-related disorders caused by progressive neuronal death in different regions of the nervous system. Neuroinflammation, modulated by glial cells, is a crucial event during the neurodegenerative process; consequently, there is an urgency to find new therapeutic products with anti-glioinflammatory properties. Five new furanocembranolides (1-5), along with leptolide, were isolated from two different extracts of Leptogorgia sp., and compound 6 was obtained from chemical transformation of leptolide. Their structures were determined based on spectroscopic evidence. These seven furanocembranolides were screened in vitro by measuring their ability to modulate interleukin-1β (IL-1β) production by microglial BV2 cells after LPS (lipopolysaccharide) stimulation. Leptolide and compounds 3, 4 and 6 exhibited clear anti-inflammatory effects on microglial cells, while compound 2 presented a pro-inflammatory outcome. The in vitro results prompted us to assess anti-glioinflammatory effects of leptolide in vivo in a high-fat diet-induced obese mouse model. Interestingly, leptolide treatment ameliorated both microgliosis and astrogliosis in this animal model. Taken together, our results reveal a promising direct biological effect of furanocembranolides on microglial cells as bioactive anti-inflammatory molecules. Among them, leptolide provides us a feasible therapeutic approach to treat neuroinflammation concomitant with metabolic impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Corraliza-Gómez
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC, 47003 Valladolid, Spain; (M.C.-G.); (E.A.); (I.C.-C.)
| | - Amalia B. Gallardo
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología (IPNA-CSIC), Avenida Astrofísico F. Sánchez, 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; (A.B.G.); (A.R.D.-M.); (J.M.d.l.R.); (J.D.)
- Departamento de Ciencias y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Magallanes, Avenida Bulnes 01855, Punta Arenas, Chile
| | - Ana R. Díaz-Marrero
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología (IPNA-CSIC), Avenida Astrofísico F. Sánchez, 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; (A.B.G.); (A.R.D.-M.); (J.M.d.l.R.); (J.D.)
| | - José M. de la Rosa
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología (IPNA-CSIC), Avenida Astrofísico F. Sánchez, 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; (A.B.G.); (A.R.D.-M.); (J.M.d.l.R.); (J.D.)
| | - Luis D’Croz
- Departamento de Biología Marina y Limnología, Universidad de Panamá, Panama 3366, Panama;
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, STRI, Box 0843-03092 Balboa, Panama
| | - José Darias
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología (IPNA-CSIC), Avenida Astrofísico F. Sánchez, 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; (A.B.G.); (A.R.D.-M.); (J.M.d.l.R.); (J.D.)
| | - Eduardo Arranz
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC, 47003 Valladolid, Spain; (M.C.-G.); (E.A.); (I.C.-C.)
| | - Irene Cózar-Castellano
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC, 47003 Valladolid, Spain; (M.C.-G.); (E.A.); (I.C.-C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María D. Ganfornina
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC, 47003 Valladolid, Spain; (M.C.-G.); (E.A.); (I.C.-C.)
| | - Mercedes Cueto
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología (IPNA-CSIC), Avenida Astrofísico F. Sánchez, 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; (A.B.G.); (A.R.D.-M.); (J.M.d.l.R.); (J.D.)
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8
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Escudero-Hernández C, Montalvillo E, Antolín B, Bernardo D, Garrote JA, Arranz E, Fernández-Salazar L. Different Intraepithelial CD3+ Cell Numbers in Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2020; 26:e14-e15. [PMID: 31883265 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izz309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Intraepithelial immune response can be studied by flow cytometry. The proportion of CD3+ cells differs between Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Escudero-Hernández
- Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), University of Valladolid-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Enrique Montalvillo
- Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), University of Valladolid-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Antolín
- Digestive Disease Unit, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - David Bernardo
- Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), University of Valladolid-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
| | - José Antonio Garrote
- Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), University of Valladolid-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain.,Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Hospital Universitario Rio Hortega, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Arranz
- Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), University of Valladolid-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
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9
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Escudero-Hernández C, Martín Á, de Pedro Andrés R, Fernández-Salazar L, Garrote JA, Bernardo D, Arranz E. Circulating Dendritic Cells from Celiac Disease Patients Display a Gut-Homing Profile and are Differentially Modulated by Different Gliadin-Derived Peptides. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e1900989. [PMID: 31970917 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201900989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Circulating dendritic cell (DC) and monocyte subsets contribute to the pool of intestinal DC and macrophages in celiac disease (CeD), an autoimmune gut disorder triggered by dietary gluten. Here, this study aims to characterize these circulating subsets in CeD and assess the effect of different gliadin-derived peptides on conventional DC (cDC). METHODS AND RESULTS Flow cytometry profiling of peripheral blood mononuclear cells reveals a slight decrease in the proportion of plasmacytoid and type 1 cDC in gluten-free diet (GFD)-treated CeD patients. In comparison to healthy donors, DC and monocyte subsets from active and GFD-treated CeD patients display an increased gut-homing profile. Type 2 cDC (cDC2) are sorted and stimulated with the gliadin-derived peptides 8-mer, 19-mer, and 33-mer. All peptides induce cDC2 maturation, although the profile is different. While peptide 8-mer induces a Th1/Th17 pro-inflammatory cytokine profile in active CeD patients, cDC2 primed with peptide 33-mer displays a higher capacity to promote gut-homing CCR9+ expression onto autologous T-cells. CONCLUSION Distinct gliadin-derived peptides elicit different effects on cDC2 phenotype and function. This effect is compatible with a model where diverse gliadin peptides may cooperate to promote full cDC2 activation and the subsequent T-cell response in genetically predisposed individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Escudero-Hernández
- Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), University of Valladolid-CSIC, C/ Sanz y Forés 3, 47003, Valladolid, Spain.,Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (BKV), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Álvaro Martín
- Flow Cytometry facility. Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), University of Valladolid-CSIC, C/ Sanz y Forés 3, 47003, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Rodrigo de Pedro Andrés
- Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), University of Valladolid-CSIC, C/ Sanz y Forés 3, 47003, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Luis Fernández-Salazar
- Digestive Disease Unit, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Avda Ramón y Cajal 3, 47003, Valladolid, Spain
| | - José Antonio Garrote
- Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), University of Valladolid-CSIC, C/ Sanz y Forés 3, 47003, Valladolid, Spain.,Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega, C/ Dulzaina 2, 47012, Valladolid, Spain
| | - David Bernardo
- Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), University of Valladolid-CSIC, C/ Sanz y Forés 3, 47003, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Arranz
- Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), University of Valladolid-CSIC, C/ Sanz y Forés 3, 47003, Valladolid, Spain
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10
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Villalva M, Jaime L, Arranz E, Zhao Z, Corredig M, Reglero G, Santoyo S. Nanoemulsions and acidified milk gels as a strategy for improving stability and antioxidant activity of yarrow phenolic compounds after gastrointestinal digestion. Food Res Int 2019; 130:108922. [PMID: 32156370 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to improve the stability and antioxidant activity of yarrow phenolic compounds upon an in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion. Therefore, two types of caseins-based delivery systems, sodium caseinate stabilized nanoemulsions (NEs) and glucono delta-lactone acidified milk gels (MGs), were formulated containing an ultrasound-assisted yarrow extract (YE) at two concentrations (1 and 2.5 mg/mL). Formulations with 1 mg/mL of YE were chosen based on their higher encapsulation efficiency to perform the in vitro digestion experiments. After digestion, YE-loaded NEs only partially protected phenolic compounds from degradation; meanwhile the phenolic composition of YE including in MGs after digestion was quite similar to undigested YE. Moreover, the antioxidant activity of MGs after digestion was higher than NEs digested samples, which confirms the higher protection of YE phenolic compound by the milk gels systems. This research demonstrated the potential use of acidified MGs as carriers to improve the stability and antioxidant activity of yarrow phenolic compounds. Therefore, these matrices could be employed to develop new dairy products enriched with phenolic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Villalva
- Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CEI UAM+CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - L Jaime
- Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CEI UAM+CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - E Arranz
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada; Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co Cork P61 C996, Ireland
| | - Z Zhao
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - M Corredig
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada; iFood Center, Food Science Department, Aarhus University, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - G Reglero
- Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CEI UAM+CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - S Santoyo
- Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CEI UAM+CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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11
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Escudero-Hernández C, Bernardo D, Arranz E, Garrote JA. Is celiac disease really associated with inflammatory bowel disease? Rev Esp Enferm Dig 2019; 112:4-6. [PMID: 31830796 DOI: 10.17235/reed.2019.6779/2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Celiac disease (CeD) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are chronic gastrointestinal disorders of inflammatory origin that develop in response to environmental triggers in genetically predisposed individuals. CeD localizes in the duodenal mucosa, where intolerance develops to dietary gluten from wheat, barley, rye, and some varieties of oats. IBD, in turn, is subdivided primarily into Crohn's disease (CD) and colitis, with ulcerative colitis (UC) being the most thoroughly investigated form.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Bernardo
- Unidad Inmunología de las mucosas. IBGM, Universidad de Valladolid
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12
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Arranz E, Corrochano A, Shanahan C, Villalva M, Jaime L, Santoyo S, Callanan M, Murphy E, Giblin L. Antioxidant activity and characterization of whey protein-based beverages: Effect of shelf life and gastrointestinal transit on bioactivity. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2019.102209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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13
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Rafiee-Tari N, Fan MZ, Archbold T, Arranz E, Corredig M. Effect of milk protein composition and amount of β-casein on growth performance, gut hormones, and inflammatory cytokines in an in vivo piglet model. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:8604-8613. [PMID: 31378502 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-15786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this work was to better understand the effect of differences in milk protein composition, and specifically, a change in β-casein to total casein in a milk-based matrix, on growth performance and metabolic and inflammatory responses using a piglet model. Three formulas were optimized for piglets, with similar metabolizable energy, total protein content, and other essential nutrients. Only the protein type and ratio varied between the treatments: the protein fraction of the control diet contained only whey proteins, whereas 2 other matrices contained a whey protein to casein ratio of 60:40, and differed in the amount of β-casein (12.5 and 17.1% of total protein). Piglets fed formula containing whey proteins and caseins, regardless of the concentration of β-casein, showed a significantly higher average daily gain, average daily feed intake, and feed efficiency compared with piglets consuming the formula with only whey protein. Consumption of the formula containing only whey protein showed higher levels of plasma glucagon-like peptide-1 and ghrelin compared with the consumption of formula containing casein and whey protein. A positive correlation was observed between postprandial time and glucagon-like peptide-1 response. The intestinal pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor α increased significantly in piglets fed the whey protein/casein diet compared with those fed whey protein formula. All formula-fed piglets showed a lower level of IL-6 cytokine compared with the ad libitum sow-fed piglets, regardless of composition. No significant differences in the anti-inflammatory IL-10 concentration were observed between treatment groups. Milk protein composition contributed to the regulation of piglets' metabolic and physiological responses, with whey protein/casein formula promoting growth performance and a different immune regulatory balance compared with a formula containing only whey protein. Results indicated no differences between treatments containing different levels of β-casein.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Rafiee-Tari
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph N1G2W1, ON, Canada
| | - M Z Fan
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph N1G2W1, ON, Canada
| | - T Archbold
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph N1G2W1, ON, Canada
| | - E Arranz
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph N1G2W1, ON, Canada
| | - M Corredig
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph N1G2W1, ON, Canada; iFood Center, Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8000, Denmark.
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14
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Rafiee Tari N, Arranz E, Corredig M. Effect of protein composition of a model dairy matrix containing various levels of beta-casein on the structure and anti-inflammatory activity of in vitro digestates. Food Funct 2019; 10:1870-1879. [PMID: 30768115 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo01860j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
An increasing body of evidence demonstrates that differences in protein composition in the food matrix can significantly affect its biological functionality. The present research hypothesized that a matrix containing the same level of dairy protein, but with different composition, even when showing similar properties during digestion, may have a different biological functionality. To test this hypothesis, three matrices, containing 2.8% protein and similar amounts of fat and solid were prepared, either with 100% whey proteins, or with a ratio of caseins to whey protein of 40 : 60, but differing in β-casein ratio. The mixtures were subjected to in vitro digestion, and the digestates were used in uptake experiments using Caco-2 cell monolayers. The basolateral fraction metabolized by the cells was used to stimulate human LPS-stimulated THP-1 macrophages and the concentration of selected cytokines were measured, as an indication of potential differences in biological functionality between the different dairy matrices. All three digestates induced a significant reduction in IL-1β cytokines, with the casein-containing treatments inducing a greater decrease compared to that containing only whey proteins. The matrix containing the highest ratio of β-casein induced the lowest secretion of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-a and IL-6. This study demonstrated that milk protein composition does not only affect the rate of gastric proteolysis and structure of the gastric digestate, but will cause differences in physiological effects. This research stressed the role of milk protein components during digestion, and of β-casein in particular, and their potential to modulate biological functions in the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Rafiee Tari
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
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15
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Núñez C, Garrote JA, Arranz E, Bilbao JR, Fernández Bañares F, Jiménez J, Perucho T, Ruiz Casares E, Sánchez-Valverde F, Serrano JI. Recommendations to report and interpret HLA genetic findings in coeliac disease. Rev Esp Enferm Dig 2018; 110:458-461. [PMID: 29722267 DOI: 10.17235/reed.2018.5269/2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Coeliac disease (CD) is a chronic autoimmune enteropathy triggered by gluten and related prolamines in genetically predisposed individuals. Although CD is a polygenic disease, there is a strong association with genes of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region. Most patients present the HLA-DQ2 heterodimer, specifically the DQ2.5 isoform, which is present in around 90-96% of patients of European ancestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concepción Núñez
- Laboratorio de Genética d Enfermedades Autoinmunes, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, España
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16
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Tari NR, Fan M, Archbold T, Kristo E, Guri A, Arranz E, Corredig M. Effect of milk protein composition of a model infant formula on the physicochemical properties of in vivo gastric digestates. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:2851-2861. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-13245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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17
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Escudero-Hernández C, Plaza-Izurieta L, Garrote JA, Bilbao JR, Arranz E. Association of the IL-15 and IL-15Rα genes with celiac disease. Cytokine 2017; 99:73-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2017.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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18
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Affiliation(s)
- J. A. Nieto
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - L. Jaime
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - E. Arranz
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - G. Reglero
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Imdea-Food Institute, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - S. Santoyo
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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19
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Arranz E, Guri A, Fornari T, Mendiola J, Reglero G, Corredig M. In vitro uptake and immune functionality of digested Rosemary extract delivered through food grade vehicles. Food Res Int 2017; 97:71-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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20
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Arranz E, Corredig M. Invited review: Milk phospholipid vesicles, their colloidal properties, and potential as delivery vehicles for bioactive molecules. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100:4213-4222. [PMID: 28343627 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-12236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) is a unique colloidal assembly of phospholipids and proteins, with numerous potential applications as functional ingredient. The phospholipid components of the MFGM are gaining interest as they are a useful matrix for use as a constituent of delivery systems such as liposomes. Liposomes formulated with milk phospholipids are becoming an alternative to other sources of phospholipids such as soybean or egg yolk. However, incorporation of phospholipids fractionated from the milk fat globule membrane in dairy products requires an in-depth understanding of the functional properties of phospholipids. In particular, it is critical to understand which factors play a role in their stability and bioefficacy as delivery systems. Moreover, chemical and physical modifications of phospholipid liposomes occurring during digestion and the fate of the encapsulated compounds are very important to understand. This review discusses recent findings on the structure and functionality of MFGM, the bioactivity of the phospholipids fraction, their utilization as delivery systems, and their stability through gastrointestinal transit.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Arranz
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - M Corredig
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada; Gay Lea Foods, Research and Development, Speedvale Avenue W, Guelph, ON, N1H 1J5, Canada.
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21
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Escudero-Hernández C, Martínez-Abad B, Ruipérez V, Garrote JA, Arranz E. New IL-15 receptor-α splicing variants identified in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells. Innate Immun 2016; 23:44-53. [PMID: 27794069 DOI: 10.1177/1753425916674263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-15 is a pleiotropic cytokine related to IL-2 which acts at a broader level than its counterpart. It is presented through its specific high-affinity receptor, IL-15Rα. Both cytokine and receptor are tightly regulated at multiple levels and are widely distributed. Thus, deregulation of their expression leads to an inflammatory immune response. Variants of splicing of IL-15Rα have been described in immune and barrier cells; however, their presence has not been focused on intestinal epithelial cells. In this study, we describe five new alternative variants of splicing of IL-15Rα in Caco-2 cells. Four of them were expressed into proteins inside Caco-2 cells, but these were unable to bind IL-15 or to follow the secretory pathway. However, the expression of mRNA itself might be relevant to diseases such as celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease or colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Escudero-Hernández
- 1 Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), University of Valladolid-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Martínez-Abad
- 1 Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), University of Valladolid-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Violeta Ruipérez
- 1 Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), University of Valladolid-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
| | - José A Garrote
- 1 Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), University of Valladolid-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain.,2 Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Hospital Universitario Rio Hortega, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Arranz
- 1 Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), University of Valladolid-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
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22
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Fernandez-Avila C, Arranz E, Guri A, Trujillo A, Corredig M. Vegetable protein isolate-stabilized emulsions for enhanced delivery of conjugated linoleic acid in Caco-2 cells. Food Hydrocoll 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2015.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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23
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Bernardo D, Durant L, Mann ER, Bassity E, Montalvillo E, Man R, Vora R, Reddi D, Bayiroglu F, Fernández-Salazar L, English NR, Peake ST, Landy J, Lee GH, Malietzis G, Siaw YH, Murugananthan AU, Hendy P, Sánchez-Recio E, Phillips RK, Garrote JA, Scott P, Parkhill J, Paulsen M, Hart AL, Al-Hassi HO, Arranz E, Walker AW, Carding SR, Knight SC. Chemokine (C-C Motif) Receptor 2 Mediates Dendritic Cell Recruitment to the Human Colon but Is Not Responsible for Differences Observed in Dendritic Cell Subsets, Phenotype, and Function Between the Proximal and Distal Colon. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2015; 2:22-39.e5. [PMID: 26866054 PMCID: PMC4705905 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2015.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Most knowledge about gastrointestinal (GI)-tract dendritic cells (DC) relies on murine studies where CD103+ DC specialize in generating immune tolerance with the functionality of CD11b+/- subsets being unclear. Information about human GI-DC is scarce, especially regarding regional specifications. Here, we characterized human DC properties throughout the human colon. METHODS Paired proximal (right/ascending) and distal (left/descending) human colonic biopsies from 95 healthy subjects were taken; DC were assessed by flow cytometry and microbiota composition assessed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. RESULTS Colonic DC identified were myeloid (mDC, CD11c+CD123-) and further divided based on CD103 and SIRPα (human analog of murine CD11b) expression. CD103-SIRPα+ DC were the major population and with CD103+SIRPα+ DC were CD1c+ILT3+CCR2+ (although CCR2 was not expressed on all CD103+SIRPα+ DC). CD103+SIRPα- DC constituted a minor subset that were CD141+ILT3-CCR2-. Proximal colon samples had higher total DC counts and fewer CD103+SIRPα+ cells. Proximal colon DC were more mature than distal DC with higher stimulatory capacity for CD4+CD45RA+ T-cells. However, DC and DC-invoked T-cell expression of mucosal homing markers (β7, CCR9) was lower for proximal DC. CCR2 was expressed on circulating CD1c+, but not CD141+ mDC, and mediated DC recruitment by colonic culture supernatants in transwell assays. Proximal colon DC produced higher levels of cytokines. Mucosal microbiota profiling showed a lower microbiota load in the proximal colon, but with no differences in microbiota composition between compartments. CONCLUSIONS Proximal colonic DC subsets differ from those in distal colon and are more mature. Targeted immunotherapy using DC in T-cell mediated GI tract inflammation may therefore need to reflect this immune compartmentalization.
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Key Words
- AMOVA, analysis of molecular variance
- CCL, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand
- CCR, chemokine (C-C motif) receptor
- CCR2
- CFSE, 5-carboxy fluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester
- DC, dendritic cells
- DL, detection limit
- Dendritic Cells
- Distal Colon
- FACS, fluorescence-activated cell sorting
- FITC, fluorescein isothiocyanate
- GI, gastrointestinal
- Human Gastrointestinal Tract
- IL, interleukin
- ILT3, Ig-like transcript 3
- LPMC, lamina propria mononuclear cells
- Microbiota
- Mφ, macrophages
- PBMC, peripheral blood mononuclear cells
- PCR, polymerase chain reaction
- Proximal Colon
- RALDH2, retinaldehyde dehydrogenase type 2
- SIRPα, signal regulatory protein α
- SPB, sodium phosphate buffer
- Treg, regulatory T-cells
- mDC, myeloid dendritic cell
- pDC, plasmacytoid dendritic cell
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Affiliation(s)
- David Bernardo
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - Lydia Durant
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth R. Mann
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Harrow, United Kingdom,Centre for Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Bassity
- Gut Health and Food Safety Programme, Institute of Food Research, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Enrique Montalvillo
- Mucosal Immunology Group, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), Universidad de Valladolid–CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Ripple Man
- St. Mark’s Hospital, North West London Hospitals NHS Trust, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - Rakesh Vora
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Harrow, United Kingdom,St. Mark’s Hospital, North West London Hospitals NHS Trust, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - Durga Reddi
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - Fahri Bayiroglu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey,Faculty of Farmacy, Agri İbrahim Cecen University, Agri, Turkey
| | - Luis Fernández-Salazar
- Gastroenterology Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Nick R. English
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - Simon T.C. Peake
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Harrow, United Kingdom,St. Mark’s Hospital, North West London Hospitals NHS Trust, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - Jon Landy
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Harrow, United Kingdom,St. Mark’s Hospital, North West London Hospitals NHS Trust, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - Gui H. Lee
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Harrow, United Kingdom,St. Mark’s Hospital, North West London Hospitals NHS Trust, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - George Malietzis
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Harrow, United Kingdom,St. Mark’s Hospital, North West London Hospitals NHS Trust, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - Yi Harn Siaw
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Harrow, United Kingdom,St. Mark’s Hospital, North West London Hospitals NHS Trust, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - Aravinth U. Murugananthan
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Harrow, United Kingdom,St. Mark’s Hospital, North West London Hospitals NHS Trust, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - Phil Hendy
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Harrow, United Kingdom,St. Mark’s Hospital, North West London Hospitals NHS Trust, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - Eva Sánchez-Recio
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - Robin K.S. Phillips
- St. Mark’s Hospital, North West London Hospitals NHS Trust, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - Jose A. Garrote
- Mucosal Immunology Group, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), Universidad de Valladolid–CSIC, Valladolid, Spain,Genetics and Molecular Biology Department, Clinical Laboratory Service, Hospital Universitario Rio Hortega, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Paul Scott
- Pathogen Genomics Group, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom
| | - Julian Parkhill
- Pathogen Genomics Group, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom
| | - Malte Paulsen
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London
| | - Ailsa L. Hart
- St. Mark’s Hospital, North West London Hospitals NHS Trust, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - Hafid O. Al-Hassi
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - Eduardo Arranz
- St. Mark’s Hospital, North West London Hospitals NHS Trust, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - Alan W. Walker
- Pathogen Genomics Group, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom,Microbiology Group, Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Simon R. Carding
- Gut Health and Food Safety Programme, Institute of Food Research, Norwich, United Kingdom,Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Stella C. Knight
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Harrow, United Kingdom,Correspondence Address correspondence to: Stella C. Knight, PhD, Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Northwick Park and St. Mark’s Campus, Watford Road, Harrow, HA1 3UJ, United Kingdom. fax: +44 (0) 20 8869 3532.Antigen Presentation Research GroupImperial College LondonNorthwick Park and St. Mark’s Campus, Watford RoadHarrowHA1 3UJUnited Kingdom
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Juárez Salcedo LM, López Rubio M, Gil Fernández JJ, Garcia-Suarez J, Magro E, Arranz E, Gutiérrez Jomarrón I, Marcellini Antonio S, Blasco A, Burgaleta C. Atypical IgM multiple myeloma with deletion of c-MAF. Int J Lab Hematol 2015; 37:686-9. [PMID: 25996654 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.12385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
IgM multiple myeloma (MM) is a rare subtype of myeloma that shares clinical and pathological features with Waldenström's macroglobulinaemia. These are two separate entities that differ both in therapy and prognosis. We report a 57-year-old male, who presented with anaemia, hypercalcaemia, acute renal failure and several vertebral fractures that clinically suggested a multiple myeloma. Further investigations revealed a serum monoclonal component of IgM lambda type and a bone marrow infiltrated by small, lymphoplasmocytic cells. IgM MM was finally diagnosed by means of both inmunophenotypic and immunohistochemistry techniques, stressing the importance of inmunophenotypic evaluation when clinical and morphological features are discordant. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) studies disclosed a particular combination of deletion 13q14, t(11;14) and monoallelic deletion C-MAF without t(14;16). The clinical evolution after a Bortezomib-containing polychemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) conditioned with busulphan and melphalan is also presented. This very uncommon case highlights the impact of immunophenotyping on the differential diagnosis between IgM MM and WM, to choose the best treatment and establish an appropriate outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Juárez Salcedo
- Division of Hematology, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Madrid, Spain
| | - M López Rubio
- Division of Hematology, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Madrid, Spain
| | - J J Gil Fernández
- Division of Hematology, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Garcia-Suarez
- Division of Hematology, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Magro
- Division of Hematology, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Arranz
- Division of Cytogenetic, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - I Gutiérrez Jomarrón
- Division of Hematology, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Madrid, Spain
| | - S Marcellini Antonio
- Division of Hematology, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Blasco
- Division of Pathological Anatomy, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Burgaleta
- Division of Hematology, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Madrid, Spain.,Medicine Departament, Universidad de Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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Hevia A, Bernardo D, Montalvillo E, Al-Hassi HO, Fernández-Salazar L, Garrote JA, Milani C, Ventura M, Arranz E, Knight SC, Margolles A, Sánchez B. Human colon-derived soluble factors modulate gut microbiota composition. Front Oncol 2015; 5:86. [PMID: 25918688 PMCID: PMC4394693 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2015.00086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The commensal microbiota modulates immunological and metabolic aspects of the intestinal mucosa contributing to development of human gut diseases including inflammatory bowel disease. The host/microbiota interaction often referred to as a crosstalk, mainly focuses on the effect of the microbiota on the host neglecting effects that the host could elicit on the commensals. Colonic microenvironments from three human healthy controls (obtained from the proximal and distal colon, both in resting conditions and after immune – IL-15- and microbiota – LPS-in vitro challenges) were used to condition a stable fecal population. Subsequent 16S rRNA gene-based analyses were performed to study the effect induced by the host on the microbiota composition and function. Non-supervised principal component analysis (PCA) showed that all microbiotas, which had been conditioned with colonic microenvironments clustered together in terms of relative microbial composition, suggesting that soluble factors were modulating a stable fecal population independently from the treatment or the origin. Our findings confirmed that the host intestinal microenvironment has the capacity to modulate the gut microbiota composition via yet unidentified soluble factors. These findings indicate that an appropriate understanding of the factors of the host mucosal microenvironment affecting microbiota composition and function could improve therapeutic manipulation of the microbiota composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arancha Hevia
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC) , Villaviciosa , Spain
| | - David Bernardo
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London , Harrow , UK ; Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD) , Madrid , Spain
| | - Enrique Montalvillo
- Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), University of Valladolid-CSIC , Valladolid , Spain
| | - Hafid O Al-Hassi
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London , Harrow , UK
| | - Luis Fernández-Salazar
- Gastroenterology Service, Hospital Clinico Universitario de Valladolid , Valladolid , Spain
| | - Jose A Garrote
- Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), University of Valladolid-CSIC , Valladolid , Spain ; Clinical Laboratory Service, Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Hospital Universitario Rio Hortega , Valladolid , Spain
| | - Christian Milani
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma , Parma , Italy
| | - Marco Ventura
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma , Parma , Italy
| | - Eduardo Arranz
- Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), University of Valladolid-CSIC , Valladolid , Spain
| | - Stella C Knight
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London , Harrow , UK
| | - Abelardo Margolles
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC) , Villaviciosa , Spain
| | - Borja Sánchez
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Food Science and Technology Faculty, University of Vigo , Ourense , Spain
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Montalvillo E, Garrote JA, Bernardo D, Arranz E. Innate lymphoid cells and natural killer T cells in the gastrointestinal tract immune system. Rev Esp Enferm Dig 2014; 106:334-345. [PMID: 25287236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is equipped with a highly specialized intrinsic immune system. However, the intestine is exposed to a high antigenic burden that requires a fast, nonspecific response -so-called innate immunity- to maintain homeostasis and protect the body from incoming pathogens. In the last decade multiple studies helped to unravel the particular developmental requirements and specific functions of the cells that play a role in innate immunity. In this review we shall focus on innate lymphoid cells, a newly discovered, heterogeneous set of cells that derive from an Id2-dependent lymphoid progenitor cell population. These cells have been categorized on the basis of the pattern of cytokines that they secrete, and the transcription factors that regulate their development and functions. Innate lymphoid cells play a role in the early response to pathogens, the anatomical contention of the commensal flora, and the maintenance of epithelial integrity.Amongst the various innate lymphoid cells we shall lay emphasis on a subpopulation with several peculiarities, namely that of natural killer T cells, a subset of T lymphocytes that express both T-cell and NK-cell receptors. The most numerous fraction of the NKT population are the so-called invariant NKT or iNKT cells. These iNKT cells have an invariant TCR and recognize the glycolipidic structures presented by the CD1d molecule, a homolog of class-I MHC molecules. Following activation they rapidly acquire cytotoxic activity and secrete both Th1 and Th2 cytokines, including IL-17. While their specific role is not yet established, iNKT cells take part in a great variety of intestinal immune responses ranging from oral tolerance to involvement in a number of gastrointestinal conditions.
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López-Vázquez A, Mozo L, Alonso-Arias R, Suárez-Álvarez B, Vidal-Castiñeira JR, Arranz E, Volta U, Bousoño C, López-Hoyos M, Rodrigo L, López-Larrea C. Autoantibodies against MHC class I polypeptide-related sequence A are associated with increased risk of concomitant autoimmune diseases in celiac patients. BMC Med 2014; 12:34. [PMID: 24565339 PMCID: PMC3945941 DOI: 10.1186/1741-7015-12-34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overexpression of autologous proteins can lead to the formation of autoantibodies and autoimmune diseases. MHC class I polypeptide-related sequence A (MICA) is highly expressed in the enterocytes of patients with celiac disease, which arises in response to gluten. The aim of this study was to investigate anti-MICA antibody formation in patients with celiac disease and its association with other autoimmune processes. METHODS We tested serum samples from 383 patients with celiac disease, obtained before they took up a gluten-free diet, 428 patients with diverse autoimmune diseases, and 200 controls for anti-MICA antibodies. All samples were also tested for anti-endomysium and anti-transglutaminase antibodies. RESULTS Antibodies against MICA were detected in samples from 41.7% of patients with celiac disease but in only 3.5% of those from controls (P <0.0001) and 8.2% from patients with autoimmune disease (P <0.0001). These antibodies disappeared after the instauration of a gluten-free diet. Anti-MICA antibodies were significantly prevalent in younger patients (P <0.01). Fifty-eight patients with celiac disease (15.1%) presented a concomitant autoimmune disease. Anti-MICA-positive patients had a higher risk of autoimmune disease than MICA antibody-negative patients (P <0.0001; odds ratio = 6.11). The risk was even higher when we also controlled for age (odds ratio = 11.69). Finally, we found that the associated risk of developing additional autoimmune diseases was 16 and 10 times as high in pediatric patients and adults with anti-MICA, respectively, as in those without. CONCLUSIONS The development of anti-MICA antibodies could be related to a gluten-containing diet, and seems to be involved in the development of autoimmune diseases in patients with celiac disease, especially younger ones.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Carlos López-Larrea
- Department of Immunology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo 33006, Spain.
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Al‐Hassi HO, Mann ER, Sanchez B, English NR, Peake ST, Landy J, Man R, Urdaci M, Hart AL, Fernandez‐Salazar L, Lee GH, Garrote JA, Arranz E, Margolles A, Stagg AJ, Knight SC, Bernardo D. Altered human gut dendritic cell properties in ulcerative colitis are reversed by
Lactobacillus plantarum
extracellular encrypted peptide STp. Mol Nutr Food Res 2013; 58:1132-43. [PMID: 24347371 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201300596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Revised: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hafid O. Al‐Hassi
- Antigen Presentation Research Group Imperial College London Northwick Park and St. Mark's Campus Harrow UK
| | - Elizabeth R. Mann
- Antigen Presentation Research Group Imperial College London Northwick Park and St. Mark's Campus Harrow UK
| | - Borja Sanchez
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry Food Science and Technology Faculty University of Vigo Ourense Campus Ourense Spain
| | - Nicholas R. English
- Antigen Presentation Research Group Imperial College London Northwick Park and St. Mark's Campus Harrow UK
| | - Simon T.C. Peake
- Antigen Presentation Research Group Imperial College London Northwick Park and St. Mark's Campus Harrow UK
- St. Mark's Hospital North West London Hospitals NHS Trust Harrow UK
| | - Jonathan Landy
- Antigen Presentation Research Group Imperial College London Northwick Park and St. Mark's Campus Harrow UK
- St. Mark's Hospital North West London Hospitals NHS Trust Harrow UK
| | - Ripple Man
- St. Mark's Hospital North West London Hospitals NHS Trust Harrow UK
| | - Maria Urdaci
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie et Biochimie Appliquee Ecole Nationale Superieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux Gradignan France
| | - Ailsa L. Hart
- St. Mark's Hospital North West London Hospitals NHS Trust Harrow UK
| | | | - Gui Han Lee
- Antigen Presentation Research Group Imperial College London Northwick Park and St. Mark's Campus Harrow UK
- St. Mark's Hospital North West London Hospitals NHS Trust Harrow UK
| | - Jose A. Garrote
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology Clinical Laboratory Service Hospital Universitario Rio Hortega Valladolid Spain
| | - Eduardo Arranz
- Department of Paediatrics and Immunology Mucosal Immunology Service Universidad de Valladolid IBGM‐CSIC Valladolid Spain
| | - Abelardo Margolles
- Departmento de Microbiologia y Bioquimica de Productos Lacteos Instituto de Productos Lacteos de Asturias Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas Villaviciosa Spain
| | - Andrew J. Stagg
- Centre for Immunology and Infectious Disease Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry Blizard Institute of Cell and Molecular Science Queen Mary University of London UK
| | - Stella C. Knight
- Antigen Presentation Research Group Imperial College London Northwick Park and St. Mark's Campus Harrow UK
| | - David Bernardo
- Antigen Presentation Research Group Imperial College London Northwick Park and St. Mark's Campus Harrow UK
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Vallejo-Diez S, Bernardo D, Moreno MDL, Muñoz-Suano A, Fernández-Salazar L, Calvo C, Sousa C, Garrote JA, Cebolla Á, Arranz E. Detection of specific IgA antibodies against a novel deamidated 8-Mer gliadin peptide in blood plasma samples from celiac patients. PLoS One 2013; 8:e80982. [PMID: 24278359 PMCID: PMC3838339 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We studied whether celiac disease (CD) patients produce antibodies against a novel gliadin peptide specifically generated in the duodenum of CD patients by a previously described pattern of CD-specific duodenal proteases. Fingerprinting and ion-trap mass spectrometry of CD-specific duodenal gliadin-degrading protease pattern revealed a new 8-mer gliadin-derived peptide. An ELISA against synthetic deamidated 8-mer peptides (DGP 8-mer) was used to study the presence of IgA anti-DGP 8-mer antibodies in plasma samples from 81 children (31 active CD patients (aCD), 17 CD patients on a gluten-free diet (GFD), 10 healthy controls (C) and 23 patients with other gastrointestinal pathology (GP)) and 101 adults (16 aCD, 12 GFD, 27 C and 46 GP-patients). Deamidation of the 8-mer peptide significantly increased the reactivity of the IgA antibodies from CD patients against the peptide. Significant IgA anti-DGP 8-mer antibodies levels were detected in 93.5% of aCD-, 11.8% of GFD- and 4.3% of GP-patients in children. In adults, antibodies were detected in 81.3% of aCD-patients and 8.3% of GFD-patients while were absent in 100% of C- and GP-patients. Duodenal CD-specific gliadin degrading proteases release an 8-mer gliadin peptide that once deamidated is an antigen for specific IgA antibodies in CD patients which may provide a new accurate diagnostic tool in CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Vallejo-Diez
- Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, IBGM, University of Valladolid-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Valladolid, Spain
| | - David Bernardo
- Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, IBGM, University of Valladolid-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Valladolid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Carmen Calvo
- Pediatric Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Carolina Sousa
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - José A. Garrote
- Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, IBGM, University of Valladolid-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Valladolid, Spain
- Clinical Laboratory, Hospital Universitario Rio Hortega, Valladolid, Spain
| | | | - Eduardo Arranz
- Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, IBGM, University of Valladolid-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Valladolid, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Bernardo D, Vallejo-Díez S, Mann ER, Al-Hassi HO, Martínez-Abad B, Montalvillo E, Tee CT, Murugananthan AU, Núñez H, Peake STC, Hart AL, Fernández-Salazar L, Garrote JA, Arranz E, Knight SC. IL-6 promotes immune responses in human ulcerative colitis and induces a skin-homing phenotype in the dendritic cells and Tcells they stimulate. Eur J Immunol 2012; 42:1337-53. [PMID: 22539302 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201142327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) control the type and location of immune responses. Ulcerative colitis (UC) is considered a Th2 disease mediated by IL-13 where up to one third of patients can develop extraintestinal manifestations. Colonic biopsies from inflamed and noninflamed areas of UC patients were cultured in vitro and their supernatants were used to condition human blood enriched DCs from healthy controls. Levels of IL-13 in the culture supernatants were below the detection limit in most cases and the cytokine profile suggested a mixed profile rather than a Th2 cytokine profile. IL-6 was the predominant cytokine found in inflamed areas from UC patients and its concentration correlated with the Mayo endoscopic score for severity of disease. DCs conditioned with noninflamed culture supernatants acquired a regulatory phenotype with decreased stimulatory capacity. However, DCs conditioned with inflamed culture supernatants acquired a proinflammatory phenotype with increased expression of the skin-homing chemokine CCR8. These DCs did not have decreased T-cell stimulatory capacity and primed T cells with the skin-homing CLA molecule in an IL-6-dependent mechanism. Our results highlight the role of IL-6 in UC and question the concept of UC as a Th2 disease and the relevance of IL-13 in its etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Bernardo
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Northwick Park & St Mark's Campus, Watford Road, Harrow, United Kingdom
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Bernardo D, Martínez-Abad B, Vallejo-Diez S, Montalvillo E, Benito V, Anta B, Fernández-Salazar L, Blanco-Quirós A, Garrote J, Arranz E. Ascorbate-dependent decrease of the mucosal immune inflammatory response to gliadin in coeliac disease patients. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2012; 40:3-8. [PMID: 21420224 DOI: 10.1016/j.aller.2010.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2010] [Revised: 11/04/2010] [Accepted: 11/10/2010] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The IL-15/NF-κB axis has an important role in coeliac disease (CD) and may represent a molecular target for immunomodulation. Ascorbate (vitamin C) is known to show inhibitory effects on NF-κB. Therefore, we studied if ascorbate supplementation to gliadin gliadin-stimulated biopsy culture could down-regulate the mucosal immune response to gliadin in CD. METHODS Duodenal biopsy explants from treated CD patients were gliadin challenged in vitro (100 μg/ml) with and without 20mM ascorbate. An extra tissue explant in basal culture was used as internal control. Secretion levels of nitrites (3h), and IFNγ, TNFα, IFNα, IL-17, IL-13, and IL-6 (24h) were measured on the supernatants. IL-15 was assayed by western-blot on whole protein duodenal explants. RESULTS The addition of ascorbate to in vitro culture gliadin-challenged biopsies blocked the secretion of nitrites (p=0.013), IFNγ (p=0.0207), TNFα (p=0.0099), IFNα (p=0.0375), and IL-6 (p=0.0036) compared to samples from non-ascorbate supplemented culture. Cytokine secretion was downregulated by ascorbate even to lower values than those observed in basal cultures (IFNγ: p=0.0312; TNFα: p=0.0312; IFNα: p=0.0312; and IL-6: p=0.0078). Gliadin-challenge induced IL-15 production in biopsies from treated CD patients, while the addition of ascorbate to culture medium completely inhibited IL-15 production. Moreover, the inhibition of IL-15 by ascorbate took place even in the only treated CD-patient who had basal IL-15 production. CONCLUSIONS Ascorbate decreases the mucosal inflammatory response to gluten in an intestinal biopsy culture model, so it might have a role in future supplementary therapy in CD.
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Fernández-Salazar LI, Gómez-González E, Velayos B, Barrio J, González JM, Arranz E, Garrote JA. NOD2/CARD15 gene mutations in patients with inflammatory bowel disease in Valladolid. Rev Esp Enferm Dig 2011; 103:500. [PMID: 21951126 DOI: 10.4321/s1130-01082011000900016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Arranz E, Garrote JA. IL-15 modulates the effect of retinoic acid, promoting inflammation rather than oral tolerance to dietary antigens. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2011; 5:315-7. [PMID: 21651349 DOI: 10.1586/egh.11.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The physiological immune response in the intestine against dietary proteins and commensal flora is characterized by regulatory mechanisms (tolerance) that prevent harmful consequences. Intestinal dendritic cells (DCs) have a central role in the development of immunosuppressive regulatory T cells owing to their ability to produce TGF-β and retinoic acid (RA). However, the article under evaluation shows an unexpected effect of RA - that of promoting a proinflammatory phenotype in intestinal DCs involved in the generation of inflammatory immune responses to dietary antigens. By using a double transgenic murine model that resembles human celiac disease, it was demonstrated that RA synergizes with IL-15 in promoting the breakdown of gluten tolerance and the development of enteropathy. The tissue microenvironment modulates DC function, and immune therapies that are based on RA aiming to restore oral tolerance should be used with caution because the presence of IL-15 (and/or other proinflammatory cytokines) may have undesirable effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Arranz
- Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, Instituto de Biologia y Genetica Molecular, University of Valladolid-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain.
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Arranz E, Garrote JA. Inmunología de la enfermedad celíaca. Gastroenterología y Hepatología 2010; 33:643-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gastrohep.2009.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2009] [Accepted: 11/12/2009] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Arranz
- Mucosal Immunology Lab, Dept of Paediatrics & Immunology-IBGM, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.
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Periolo N, Guillén L, Bernardo D, Niveloni SI, Hwang HJ, Garrote JA, Bai JC, Arranz E, Cherñavsky AC. Altered expression of the lymphocyte activation antigen CD30 in active celiac disease. Autoimmunity 2010; 43:288-98. [DOI: 10.3109/08916930903405867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Bernardo D, Garrote JA, Nadal I, León AJ, Calvo C, Fernández-Salazar L, Blanco-Quirós A, Sanz Y, Arranz E. Is it true that coeliacs do not digest gliadin? Degradation pattern of gliadin in coeliac disease small intestinal mucosa. Gut 2009; 58:886-7. [PMID: 19433604 DOI: 10.1136/gut.2008.167296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
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Mallo M, Cervera J, Schanz J, Espinet B, Duch E, Luño E, Steidl C, Martín M, Germing U, Grau J, Pfeilstoecker M, Hernández-Rivas J, Noesslinger T, Calasanz M, Collado R, Fonatsch C, Bureo E, Lübbert M, Ríos R, Stauder R, Arranz E, Hildebrandt B, Slovak M, Cigudosa J, Krieger O, Pedro C, Salido M, Arenillas L, Sanz G, Sanz M, Valencia A, Florensa L, Novell L, del Cañizo C, García-Manero G, Vallespí T, Ohyashiki K, Benlloch L, Haase D, Solé F. C005 Prognostic impact of the proportion of aberrant metaphases in patients with a primary myelodysplastic syndrome. Leuk Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0145-2126(09)70043-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Martín MA, Saracíbar E, Santamaría A, Arranz E, Garrote JA, Almaraz A, del Olmo ML, García-Pajares F, Fernández-Orcajo P, Velicia R, Blanco-Quirós A, Caro-Patón A. [Interleukin 18 (IL-18) and other immunological parameters as markers of severity in acute pancreatitis]. Rev Esp Enferm Dig 2009; 100:768-73. [PMID: 19222336 DOI: 10.4321/s1130-01082008001200006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our aim was to prospectively compare the behavior of interleukin 18 (IL-18) levels and other immunological parameters during the first week of hospitalization between acute pancreatitis patients with and without severity criteria, as well as between patients with and without late pseudocyst development. PATIENTS AND METHODS In 36 patients with acute pancreatis we compared sTNF-RI, IL-1Ra, IL-6, and IL-18 levels at days 1, 2, 3 and 7 after hospitalization between mild pancreatitis, severe pancreatitis, and a "control" group (13 patients) with uncomplicated biliary colic, as well as between patients with and without pseudocyst. RESULTS On comparing mild to severe pancreatitis, IL-18 was significantly higher only the first day in severe pancreatitis, while the other parameters were steadily higher after the second day. In patients developing pseudocyst, IL-18 was also noticeably higher the first day. CONCLUSIONS IL-18 appears to be the earliest marker of complications and severity in acute pancreatitis at both the systemic and local level (pseudocyst).
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Martín
- Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario del Río Hortega, Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina
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Armentia A, Arranz E, Hernandez N, Garrote A, Panzani R, Blanco A. Allergy after inhalation and ingestion of cereals involve different allergens in allergic and celiac disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 2:47-57. [PMID: 19075991 DOI: 10.2174/187221308783399234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cereals are among the major foods in type I food hypersensitivity reactions. Hypoallergenic cereals and recombinant immunotherapy have been recently patented. In celiac disease, limited information is available regarding cereal allergens responsible for allergic reactions. The allergenic reactivity of ingested and inhaled cereal allergens in allergic and celiac people are discussed in the manuscript. Allergic sensitisation IgE mediated to cereals may be observed in celiac children. Inhalation and ingestion routes causing cereal allergy seem to involve similar allergens, but, in celiac disease specific response to CM3 may be important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Armentia
- Allergy and Medicine Sections, Rio Hortega Hospital, Valladolid, Spain.
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Bernardo D, Garrote JA, Allegretti Y, León A, Gómez E, Bermejo-Martin JF, Calvo C, Riestra S, Fernández-Salazar L, Blanco-Quirós A, Chirdo F, Arranz E. Higher constitutive IL15R alpha expression and lower IL-15 response threshold in coeliac disease patients. Clin Exp Immunol 2008; 154:64-73. [PMID: 18821940 PMCID: PMC2561095 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2008.03743.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The IL-15 triggering effect of gliadin is not exclusive to coeliac disease (CD) patients, whereas the secondary response is CD specific. We have studied the expression of the IL-15 receptor, and the IL-15 response upon stimulation, in non-CD and CD patients, and the possible existence of a lower immunological threshold in the latter. Forty-two CD patients (20 on a gluten-containing diet, GCD, and 22 on gluten-free diet, GFD) and 24 non-CD healthy individuals were studied. IL15R alpha mRNA expression, and tissue characterization, were assayed in the duodenum. Biopsies from six CD patients on GFD and 10 non-CD individuals were studied in vitro using organ culture in basal conditions, as well as after IL-15 stimulation discarding basal IL-15 production. Secretion of immune mediators was measured in the culture supernatants. IL15R alpha mRNA expression was increased in CD patients, as compared with non-CD controls (on GFD P = 0.0334, on GCD P = 0.0062, respectively), and confirmed also by immunofluorescence. No differences were found between CD patients on GFD and on GCD. After in vitro IL-15 stimulation, IL15R alpha expression was only triggered in non-CD controls (P = 0.0313), though it remained increased in CD patients. Moreover, IL-15 induced a more intense immunological response in CD patients after triggering the production of both nitrites and IFN gamma (P = 0.0313, P = 0.0313, respectively). Gliadin-induced IL15 has a lower response threshold in CD patients, leading to the production of other immune mediators and the development of the intestinal lesion, and thus magnifying its effects within the CD intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Bernardo
- Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
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Garrote JA, Gómez E, León AJ, Bernardo D, Calvo C, Fernández-Salazar L, Blanco-Quirós A, Arranz E. Cytokine, Chemokine and Immune Activation Pathway Profiles in Celiac Disease: An Immune System Activity Screening by Expression Macroarrays. Drug Target Insights 2008. [DOI: 10.4137/dti.s399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- José A. Garrote
- Group of Mucosal Immunology. Pediatrics and Immunology Areas- Instituto de Biologia y Genética Molecular (IBGM). University of Valladolid. (Spain)
- Research Unit. (Spain)
| | - Emma Gómez
- Group of Mucosal Immunology. Pediatrics and Immunology Areas- Instituto de Biologia y Genética Molecular (IBGM). University of Valladolid. (Spain)
| | - Alberto J. León
- Group of Mucosal Immunology. Pediatrics and Immunology Areas- Instituto de Biologia y Genética Molecular (IBGM). University of Valladolid. (Spain)
| | - David Bernardo
- Group of Mucosal Immunology. Pediatrics and Immunology Areas- Instituto de Biologia y Genética Molecular (IBGM). University of Valladolid. (Spain)
| | | | - Luis Fernández-Salazar
- Adults Digestive Diseases Services. Hospital Clinico Universitario of Valladolid. (Spain)
| | - Alfredo Blanco-Quirós
- Group of Mucosal Immunology. Pediatrics and Immunology Areas- Instituto de Biologia y Genética Molecular (IBGM). University of Valladolid. (Spain)
| | - Eduardo Arranz
- Group of Mucosal Immunology. Pediatrics and Immunology Areas- Instituto de Biologia y Genética Molecular (IBGM). University of Valladolid. (Spain)
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Bermejo-Martin JF, Tenorio A, Ortiz de Lejarazu R, Eiros JM, Matías V, Dominguez-Gil M, Pino M, Alonso A, Blanco-Quiros A, Arranz E, Ardura J. Similar Cytokine Profiles in Response to Infection with Respiratory Syncytial Virus Type A and Type B in the Upper Respiratory Tract in Infants. Intervirology 2008; 51:112-5. [DOI: 10.1159/000134268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2007] [Accepted: 03/04/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Rodrigo L, Martínez-Borra J, Garrote JA, Niño P, León AJ, Riestra S, Bernardo D, Barreiro M, Arranz E. Las mutaciones del gen CARD15 presentan escasa relación con los fenotipos de la enfermedad de Crohn en Asturias. Rev esp enferm dig 2007; 99:570-757. [DOI: 10.4321/s1130-01082007001000002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Bermejo-Martin JF, Garcia-Arevalo MC, De Lejarazu RO, Ardura J, Eiros JM, Alonso A, Matías V, Pino M, Bernardo D, Arranz E, Blanco-Quiros A. Predominance of Th2 cytokines, CXC chemokines and innate immunity mediators at the mucosal level during severe respiratory syncytial virus infection in children. Eur Cytokine Netw 2007; 18:162-7. [PMID: 17823085 DOI: 10.1684/ecn.2007.0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/18/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Profiling of immune mediators in both nasal and plasma samples is a common approach to the study of pathogenesis in respiratory viral infections. Nevertheless, mucosal immunity functions essentially independently from peripheral immunity. In our study, 27 immune mediators were profiled in parallel, in nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) and plasma from 22 < 2 year-old children with a severe respiratory syncytial virus infection involving the lower respiratory tract, using a multiplex assay. NPAs from 22 children with innocent heart murmurs were used as controls. Differences in mediator concentrations between NPAs from patients and controls were assessed using the Mann-Whitney test. Ratios of innate/adaptive-immunity mediators, Th2/Th1-cytokines and CXC/CC-chemokines were calculated for NPAs and plasmas and differences were assessed using the Wilcoxon test. Associations mediators, severity and leukocyte counts were studied using the Spearman-Karber test. RESULTS increased levels of Th1 cytokines (IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-12p70, IFNgamma, TNFalpha), Th2 cytokines (IL-13, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10), chemokines (IP-10, IL-8, MIP1alpha, MIP-1beta), growth factors (FGFb, PDGFbb, GCSF) and IL-1RA, IL-17 were observed in patient NPAs in comparison to controls. In the relative comparisons between patient NPAs and plasmas, a predominance of innate immunity mediators, Th2 cytokines and CXC chemokines was found at the mucosal level. No association between the level of each mediator in NPAs and plasma was found. In plasma, PDGFbb, VEGF, MIP-1alpha, IL-8 correlated with severity; RANTES and IL-6 correlated with leukocyte counts. CONCLUSIONS acute respiratory syncytial virus infection induces a relative predominance of innate-immunity mediators, Th2 cytokines and CXC chemokines in the mucosal compartment in infected children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesus F Bermejo-Martin
- Lab. de Inmunología de Mucosas, Dept. of Pediatrics and Immunology. Universidad de Valladolid, Facultad de Medicina, Ramón y Cajal 7, Valladolid 47005, Spain.
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Bermejo-Martin JF, Bernardo D, Dominguez-Gil M, Alonso A, Garcia-Arevalo MC, Pino M, de Lejarazu RO, Eiros JM, Ardura J, León AJ, Garrote JA, Resino S, Blanco-Quiros A, Muñoz-Fernández MA, Arranz E. Interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6 and IL-8 in nasal secretions: a common role for innate immunity in viral bronchial infection in infants? Br J Biomed Sci 2007; 63:173-5. [PMID: 17201207 DOI: 10.1080/09674845.2006.11978093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J F Bermejo-Martin
- Mucosal Immunity Laboratory, Pediatrics Department, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics HGU Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
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Martín Alonso MA, Santamaría A, Saracíbar E, Arranz E, Garrote JA, Almaraz A, Caro-Patón A. [Cytokines and other immunological parameters as markers of distant organ involvement in acute pancreatitis]. Med Clin (Barc) 2007; 128:401-6. [PMID: 17394854 DOI: 10.1157/13100335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE There is a role of immunologic proinflammatory mediators in pathogenesis of distant organ disfunction in acute pancreatitis (AP). The aim is to evaluate the relationship between those mediators and liver, kidney and lung disfunction in patients with AP. PATIENTS AND METHOD On the day of admission in 34 patients with AP, biochemical parameters of liver function, creatinine and arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PO2) were determined, and cut points were established. Soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor I (sTNFRI), interleukin (IL) 1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), IL-6, soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R), IL-18, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) were determined on days 1, 2, 3 and 7, and were compared between patients with biochemical parameters and PO2 on admission higher or lower than an established cut point. RESULTS Levels of sTNFRI, IL-18 and ICAM-1 were significantly higher and sustained, and IL-6 only the first day, in patients with parameters of liver function above the cut point. sTNFRI, IL-1Ra and ICAM-1 early showed significantly higher levels in relation with serum creatinine, and these and also IL-6 in those with PO2 below 60 mmHg. CONCLUSIONS sTNFRI, IL-6, IL-18 and ICAM-1 behaved as early markers of hepatic alteration, sTNFRI, IL-1Ra and ICAM-1 of renal disfunction and these and IL-6 of lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Angeles Martín Alonso
- Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valladolid, Ramón y Cajal 7, 47005 Valladolid, Spain.
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Bermejo-Martin JF, Kelvin DJ, Guan Y, Chen H, Perez-Breña P, Casas I, Arranz E, de Lejarazu RO. Neuraminidase antibodies and H5N1: geographic-dependent influenza epidemiology could determine cross-protection against emerging strains. PLoS Med 2007; 4:e212. [PMID: 17593897 PMCID: PMC1896207 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.0040212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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50
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Bernardo D, Garrote JA, Fernández-Salazar L, Riestra S, Arranz E. Is gliadin really safe for non-coeliac individuals? Production of interleukin 15 in biopsy culture from non-coeliac individuals challenged with gliadin peptides. Gut 2007; 56:889-90. [PMID: 17519496 PMCID: PMC1954879 DOI: 10.1136/gut.2006.118265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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