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Khan A, Raza ZA, Bhatti HN, Sarwar T. Citrate silver nanoparticles impregnated cellulose as a photocatalytic filter in the degradation of organic dye in the aqueous media. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129881. [PMID: 38316323 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Photocatalysis is a clean and efficient process pursued under light irradiation with a suitable photocatalyst to degrade a contaminant. We report citrate functionalization of silver nanoparticles (SNPs) for effective immobilization on cellulosic fabric. The porous cellulosic matrix could be explored as microfiltration membranes for the photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes in the aqueous media. Where valid, the citrate functionalized SNPs and the treated cellulose fabrics were considered for optical, structural, surface chemical, thermal, textile, flowability, photocatalytic, and antibacterial attributes. The SNPs expressed the bandgap energy of 2.56 and 2.43 eV and Urbach energy of 3.38 and 5.21 eV before and after functionalization with the citrate moieties, respectively. The liquid chromatographic and FTIR analyses indicated that the crystal violet (CV) organic dye has been successfully photodegraded to environmentally safer and nontoxic species on passing the contaminated water through the SNPs-treated cellulosic filter. The spectroscopic data also supported the said outcomes. The results demonstrated that the citrate-SNPs-treated cellulose could be efficiently employed as antibacterial photocatalytic membranes for degrading organic dyes in the aqueous media for multiple cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Khan
- Department of Applied Sciences, National Textile University, Faisalabad 37610, Pakistan
| | - Zulfiqar Ali Raza
- Department of Applied Sciences, National Textile University, Faisalabad 37610, Pakistan.
| | - Haq Nawaz Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Tanzeel Sarwar
- Department of Applied Sciences, National Textile University, Faisalabad 37610, Pakistan
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2
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Ali S, Akhter MS, Waqas M, Zubair H, Bhatti HN, Mahal A, Shawky AM, Alkhouri A, Khera RA. End-capped engineering of Quinoxaline core-based non-fullerene acceptor materials with improved power conversion efficiency. J Mol Graph Model 2024; 127:108699. [PMID: 38150839 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2023.108699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Improving the light-harvesting efficiency and boosting open circuit voltage are crucial challenges for enhancing the efficiency of organic solar cells. This work introduces seven new molecules (SA1-SA7) to upgrade the optoelectronic and photovoltaic properties of Q-C-F molecule-based solar cells. All recently designed molecules have the same alkyl-substituted Quinoxaline core and CPDT donor but vary in the end-capped acceptor subunits. All the investigated molecules have revealed superior properties than the model (R) by having absorbance ranging from 681 nm to 782 nm in the gaseous medium while 726 nm-861 nm in chloroform solvent, with the lowest band gap ranging from 1.91 to 2.19 eV SA1 molecule demonstrated the highest λmax (861 nm) in chloroform solvent and the lowest band gap (1.91 eV). SA2 molecule has manifested highest dipole moment (4.5089 D), lower exciton binding energy in gaseous (0.33 eV) and chloroform solvent (0.47 eV), and lower charge mobility of hole (0.0077693) and electron (0.0042470). At the same time, SA7 showed the highest open circuit voltage (1.56 eV) and fill factor (0.9166) due to solid electron-pulling acceptor moieties. From these supportive outcomes, it is inferred that our computationally investigated molecules may be promising candidates to be used in advanced versions of OSCs in the upcoming period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Ali
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Salim Akhter
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Bahrain, P. O. Box 32028, Bahrain
| | - Muhammad Waqas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Hira Zubair
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Haq Nawaz Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed Mahal
- Department of Medical Biochemical Analysis, College of Health Technology, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Ahmed M Shawky
- Science and Technology Unit (STU), Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anas Alkhouri
- College of Pharmacy, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Rasheed Ahmad Khera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
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Hassan A, Iqbal MA, Bhatti HN, Shahid M. N-heterocyclic carbene based Bi-nuclear organoselenium compounds impart a mild biocidal potential compared to their ligands: Synthesis, characterization, computational studies. Comput Biol Chem 2023; 107:107963. [PMID: 37776812 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2023.107963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) based compounds are remarkably known for astonishing biological potentials. Coordination of metal center with these compounds can substantially improve the biological potential for better efficacy. In this context, three binuclear azolium salts (L1-L3) and subsequent selenium adducts L1Se-L3Se were synthesized and assured through analytical techniques. Synthesized compounds were also simulated through computational approach and results were compared with experimental observations that also relatable with biological potentials. Synthesized compounds were screened against bacterial strains and interestingly, the studied compounds showed good antimicrobial potential with MIC values of 7.01, 10.7 and 10.5 µM for S. Aureus (gram positive bacteria) while 12.5, 11.75 and 14.5 µM against E. Coli (gram negative bacteria). The studied compounds showed good antioxidant activity to scavenge DPPH free radicals among which azolium salts were found better in antioxidant potential (IC50 5.75-6.55 µg/mL) than their respective selenium compounds (IC50 9.50-12.75 µg/mL). The hemolytic assay against red blood cells showed that ligands are least toxic comparative to their Se-adducts and can be further trialed for In Vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan; Organometallic and Coordination Chemistry Laboratory, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adnan Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan; Organometallic and Coordination Chemistry Laboratory, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan.
| | - Haq Nawaz Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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4
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Fatima S, Iqbal M, Bhatti HN, Iqbal M, Alwadai N, Al Huwayz M, Nazir A. Synthesis of Oval-Shaped Bi 2Al 4O 9 Nanoparticles and Their Applications for the Degradation of Acid Green 25 and as Fuel Additives. ACS Omega 2023; 8:30868-30878. [PMID: 37663520 PMCID: PMC10468761 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
The present study was designed to synthesize an oval-shaped bimetallic bismuth aluminate (Bi2Al4O9) nanoparticles through a solvothermal approach. The resulting structure and morphology of synthesized materials were characterized through X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The catalytic performance of Bi2Al4O9 was investigated using acid green 25 (AG-25) as the model dye. The effect of various parameters like catalyst dose, H2O2 concentration, and temperature on dye degradation was studied. The Bi2Al4O9 nanocomposite exhibited the maximum removal of 95% within 50 min at 0.3 M H2O2 concentration, 0.05 mg/mL catalyst dose, and 315 K temperature. The photocatalytic removal of AG-25 followed pseudo-first-order kinetics. The thermodynamics study exposed that thermal catalytic degradation is a spontaneous, endothermic, as well as entropy-driven reaction that moves in the forward direction at the higher temperatures. The Bi2Al4O9 composite was further applied as fuel additives in order to study combustion and physical characteristics of the modified fuel. The efficacy of modified fuel was studied by investigating the fuel parameters at different Bi2Al4O9 dosages. Results revealed that synthesized NPs are excellent photocatalysts and could possibly be used for the removal of toxic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumaila Fatima
- Environmental
Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Mahwish Iqbal
- Environmental
Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Haq Nawaz Bhatti
- Environmental
Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Munawar Iqbal
- Department
of Chemistry, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore 53700, Pakistan
| | - Norah Alwadai
- Department
of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman, University (PNU), Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maryam Al Huwayz
- Department
of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman, University (PNU), Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arif Nazir
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
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Ashraf M, Kamal A, Ahmed E, Bhatti HN, Arshad M, Iqbal MA. Tetra-azolium salts induce significant cytotoxicity in human colon cancer cells, in vitro. Curr Org Synth 2023; 21:COS-EPUB-134017. [PMID: 37622716 DOI: 10.2174/1570179421666230824151219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Azolium salts are the organic salts used as stable precursors for generating N-Heterocyclic Carbenes and their metal complexes. Azolium salts have also been reported to have significant biological potential. Hence, in the current study, four tetra-dentate azolium salts were derived from bis-azolium salts by a new synthetic strategy. METHODS The tetra azolium salts have been synthesized by reacting the imidazole or methyl imidazole with dibromo xylene (meta, para)/ 1-bromo methyl imidazole or dibromo ethane resulting in the mono or bis azolium salts namely I-IV. V-VII have been obtained by reacting I with II-IV, resulting in the tetra azolium salts. Each product was analyzed by various analytical techniques, i.e., microanalysis, FT-IR, and NMR (1H & 13C). Salts V-VII were evaluated for their antiproliferative effect against human colon cancer cells (HCT-116) using MTT assay. RESULTS Four chemical shifts for acidic protons between 8.5-9.5 δ ppm in 1H NMR and resonance of respective carbons around 136-146 δ ppm in 13C NMR indicated the successful synthesis of tetra azolium salts. Salt V showed the highest IC50 value, 24.8 µM among all synthesized compounds. CONCLUSION Tetra-azolium salts may play a better cytotoxicity effect compared to mono-, bi-& tri-azolium salts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ashraf
- School of Chemistry, University of Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, 54590, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Amna Kamal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ejaz Ahmed
- School of Chemistry, University of Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, 54590, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Haq Nawaz Bhatti
- Institute of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur-63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Arshad
- School of Chemistry, University of Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, 54590, Lahore, Pakistan
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Amber A, Nawaz H, Bhatti HN, Mushtaq Z. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for the characterization of different anatomical subtypes of oral cavity cancer. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023:103607. [PMID: 37220841 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognosis for oral cancer patients is still very poor worldwide. Early detection and treatment therapy remain the key issue to be addressed for improved patient survival. The characteristic Raman spectral features associated with the biochemical changes in the blood serum samples can be used for the diagnosis of diseases, particularly for oral cancer. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a promising technique for non-invasive and early detection of oral cancer by analyzing molecular changes in body fluids. OBJECTIVES To detect oral cavity anatomical subsites (buccal mucosa, cheek, hard palate, lips, mandible, maxilla, tongue and tonsillar region) cancers by using blood serum samples, SERS with principal component analysis is used. MATERIAL AND METHOD SERS is employed with silver nanoparticles for the analysis and detection of oral cancer serum samples by comparing with healthy serum samples. SERS spectra are recorded by Raman instrument and preprocessed using the statistical tool. Principal component analysis (PCA) and Partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) are used to discriminate between oral cancer serum samples and control serum samples. RESULTS Some major SERS peaks are observed at 1136 cm-1 (Phospholipids) and 1006 cm-1 (Phenylalanine) remain higher in intensities for oral cancer spectra as compared to healthy spectra. The peak at 1241 cm-1 (amide III) is observed only in oral cancer serum samples while absent in healthy serum samples. Higher protein and DNA contents were detected in SERS mean spectra of oral cancer. Moreover, PCA is used to identify the biochemical differences in the form of SERS features which is used to differentiate between oral cancer and healthy blood serum samples, while PLS-DA is used to build differentiation model of oral cancer serum samples and healthy control serum samples. PLS-DA provides successful differentiation with 94% specificity and 95.5% sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS SERS can be used for the diagnosis of oral cancer and to identify metabolic changes that occur during disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arooj Amber
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, (38000), Pakistan
| | - Haq Nawaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, (38000), Pakistan.
| | - Haq Nawaz Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, (38000), Pakistan
| | - Zahid Mushtaq
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, (38000), Pakistan
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7
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Ahmad I, Shukrullah S, Naz MY, Bhatti HN. A Cu medium designed Z-scheme ZnO-Cu-CdS heterojunction photocatalyst for stable and excellent H 2 evolution, methylene blue degradation, and CO 2 reduction. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:6343-6359. [PMID: 37083039 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt00684k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Solar photocatalysis has emerged as a pollution-free and inexhaustible technique that has been extensively researched in the domains of environmental remediation and energy production. Herein, we have integrated ZnO and CdS nanoparticles through Cu as a solid-state electron mediator to design a ZnO-Cu-CdS Z-scheme heterosystem via a sol-gel route and further tested this as a photocatalyst for dye degradation, H2 evolution, and CO2 reduction. Within 60 min of visible light exposure, about 97% of methylene blue (MB) is degraded with a degradation rate constant of 0.042 min-1 for the ZnO0.45Cu0.1CdS0.45 catalyst. The MB degradation with this catalyst is 84, 21, 4.8, and 2 times as high as those of ZnO, CdS, ZnO0.5CdS0.5, and Cu0.1ZnO0.9 catalysts. The ZnO-Cu-CdS catalyst manifests an H2 evolution efficiency of 5579 μmol h-1 g-1, which is 169, 41, 3.9, and 3.5 times as high as those of ZnO, CdS, ZnO0.5CdS0.5, and Cu0.1ZnO0.9 catalysts. Using H2 as a reducing agent, the CO production rate over the ZnO0.45Cu0.1CdS0.45 catalyst reaches 770 μmol h-1 g-1, which is 3 and 1.8 times higher than those of ZnO0.5CdS0.5 and Cu0.1ZnO0.9 catalysts. Besides, the optimal CH4 production rate over ZnO0.45Cu0.1CdS0.45 reaches 890 μmol h-1 g-1. The improved photocatalytic response of the ZnO-Cu-CdS catalyst is assigned to the delayed recombination of photoexcited charge carriers through a Z-scheme charge transport mode, maintaining the photocarriers with strong redox potentials and the dual role of Cu to serve as a conductive bridge to accelerate the charge transfer rate and enhance the light absorption due to its SPR phenomenon. This research offers a promising strategy for developing binary/ternary Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalytic systems for different photocatalytic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irshad Ahmad
- Department of Physics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan.
| | - Shazia Shukrullah
- Department of Physics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Yasin Naz
- Department of Physics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan.
| | - Haq Nawaz Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
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8
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Ahmad I, Shukrullah S, Naz MY, Bhatti HN. Dual S-scheme ZnO–g-C 3N 4–CuO heterosystem: a potential photocatalyst for H 2 evolution and wastewater treatment. REACT CHEM ENG 2023. [DOI: 10.1039/d2re00576j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
A ZnO–g-C3N4–CuO catalyst prepared by an ecofriendly solution combustion process is used for H2 evolution. The mechanism of H2 evolution over ZnO–g-C3N4–CuO is described under visible light illumination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irshad Ahmad
- Department of Physics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Shazia Shukrullah
- Department of Physics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yasin Naz
- Department of Physics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Haq Nawaz Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
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Kalsoom U, Khalid N, Ibrahim A, Ashraf SS, Bhatti HN, Ahsan Z, Zdarta J, Bilal M. Biocatalytic degradation of reactive blue 221 and direct blue 297 dyes by horseradish peroxidase immobilized on iron oxide nanoparticles with improved kinetic and thermodynamic characteristics. Chemosphere 2023; 312:137095. [PMID: 36334735 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In present study, we describe the biodegradation of direct blue (DB) 297 and reactive blue (RB) 221 by immobilizing horseradish peroxidase (HRP) isolated from fresh leaves of Moringa Oliefera on iron oxide nanoparticles. Iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesized by co-precipitation method and showed a maximum immobilization efficiency of 87%. The surface topography of iron oxide nanoparticles was envisaged by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), results showed that magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were in the form of aggregates having size of 1 μm. Furthermore, immobilization was confirmed via functional group identification performed by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Immobilization phenomena displaced the optimum temperature from 35 °C to 50 °C moreover, pH optima were altered from 5.0 to 7.0. Vmax and Km for free and immobilized HRP, were 303 U/mg and 1.66 mM and 312 U/mg and 1.94 mM, respectively. Enzymatic thermodynamic measurements (ΔH*, ΔS*, Ea, ΔG*) were also evaluated for immobilized HRP and its free counterpart. Optimum degradation of reactive blue (RB) and direct blue (DB) 297 with free and immobilized HRP was observed at pH 5 and at temperature 40 °C respectively. The removal efficiency of DB 297 and RB 221 with free HRP was 75% and 86% while with immobilized HRP was 81% and 92% respectively. Furthermore, biodegradation of reactive blue (RB) 221 and direct blue (DB) 297 with immobilized and free biocatalyst was also investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) by identification of groups involved in dye degradation. FTIR results confirmed the 100% degradation of dyes. Immobilized HRP retained significant catalytic activity after five consecutive cycles of dye degradation. In conclusion, Fe3O4 nanoparticles are promising and environmentally friendly media for enzyme immobilization. Moreover, immobilized HRP showed more thermal stability, pH stability and higher dye degradation efficiency as compared to free HRP. Furthermore, the immobilized HRP, economically more convenient and easily removable from reaction media. Owing to its thermal stability, ease of separation from reaction media and reusability, the magnetically separatable immobilized HRP can be exploited successfully for treatment of dye contaminated textile effluents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umme Kalsoom
- Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Nasira Khalid
- Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Affaf Ibrahim
- Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Syed Salman Ashraf
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates; Center for Biotechnology (BTC), Khalifa University, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Center for Catalysis and Separation (CeCaS), Khalifa University, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Haq Nawaz Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Zainab Ahsan
- Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Jakub Zdarta
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60695, Poznan, Poland
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60695, Poznan, Poland.
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Kalsoom U, Bhatti HN, Aftab K, Amin F, Jesionowski T, Bilal M. Biocatalytic potential of Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis leaves peroxidase for efficient degradation of textile dyes in aqueous medium. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2023; 46:453-465. [PMID: 36454313 PMCID: PMC9950245 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-022-02820-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Dye-contaminated wastewater discharge from textile and dye manufacturing industries is reported as a world worse water polluter due to the toxic and mutagenic behavior of dyes. Peroxidase, one of the key enzymes of oxidoreductases, is widely distributed in nature and has been currently exploited in industries for various applications. Widespread applications of peroxidases are associated with their nonspecific nature towards a wide spectrum of substrates such as phenols, aromatic amines, pesticides, antibiotics, and synthetic dyes. The present study explored the potential of ammonium sulfate precipitated partially purified Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis leaves peroxidase for degradation of reactive textile dyes Remazol Turquoise Blue 133 G and Drim Red CL4BN. Various physico-chemical parameters such as pH (2-9), temperature (20-70 ℃), enzyme activity (3-24 U/mL), concentrations of H2O2 (0.4-1.4 Mm) and dye (10-100 mg/L) were optimized for enzymatic decolorization of both dyes' solution. Studies revealed that maximum degradation (95%) of Remazol Turquoise Blue 133 G with peroxidase was achieved with 25 mg/L of initial dye concentration, in the presence of 0.8 mM hydrogen peroxide with 45 min of incubation time, at pH 3, 4, and 5, and 70 °C. Maximal decolorization (97%) of Drim Red CL4BN was obtained at pH 2.0, in 10 min of incubation time at 45 ℃ using o-dianisidine hydrochloride as a redox mediator. In conclusion, the findings illustrate the prospect of Brassica oleracea peroxidase to remediate dye pollutants and dye-based industrial effluents in a green technology theme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umme Kalsoom
- grid.507669.b0000 0004 4912 5242Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, 38000 Pakistan
| | - Haq Nawaz Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Kiran Aftab
- grid.411786.d0000 0004 0637 891XDepartment of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000 Pakistan
| | - Faiza Amin
- grid.507669.b0000 0004 4912 5242Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, 38000 Pakistan
| | - Teofil Jesionowski
- grid.6963.a0000 0001 0729 6922Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60965, Poznan, Poland.
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11
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Riaz A, Kalsoom U, Bhatti HN, Jesionowski T, Bilal M. Citrus limon peroxidase-assisted biocatalytic approach for biodegradation of reactive 1847 colfax blue P3R and 621 colfax blue R dyes. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2023; 46:443-452. [PMID: 36318335 PMCID: PMC9950157 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-022-02802-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
One of the big environmental problems in today's world is dye-contaminated toxic waste. Peroxidase is known as highly efficient for the degradation of various pollutants, including dyes. Environmental contamination caused by the discharge of dyes into water bodies is an onerous challenge that poses both human and ecological hazards. In the current studies, biocatalysts used for enzyme decolorization (1847 Colafx Blue P3R and 621 Colafx Blue) are regarded as an eco-friendly method utilizing commonly available low-cost material lemon peels (Citrus limon peroxidase). Peroxidase was extracted in a phosphate buffer of pH 7.0 and partially purified by 20-80% ammonium sulfate precipitation technique from Citrus limon peels. The soluble enzyme was characterized in terms of kinetic and thermodynamic parameters. The values of Km and Vmax (23.16 and 204.08 μmol/ml/min) were determined, respectively. The enzyme showed maximum activity at pH 5.0 and a temperature of 55 °C. Citrus limon efficiently degraded 1847 Colafx Blue P3R and 621 Colafx Blue R dyes with maximum degradation of 83 and 99%, respectively, with an initial dye concentration of 200 ppm at pH 4 and 35 °C temperature within 5-10 min of incubation time. The effect of the redox mediator on the degradation process was examined. Results showed that the peroxidase HOBT system efficiently enhanced the degradation of dyes from water. Hence, Citrus limon peroxidase is an efficient biocatalyst for the treatment of effluents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjumand Riaz
- Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Umme Kalsoom
- Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Haq Nawaz Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Teofil Jesionowski
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, PL-60695, Poznan, Poland
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, PL-60695, Poznan, Poland.
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12
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Kamal A, Iqbal MA, Bhatti HN, Ghaffar A. Selenium- N-heterocyclic carbene (Se-NHC) complexes with higher aromaticity inhibit microbes: synthesis, structure, and biological potential. J COORD CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2022.2101921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amna Kamal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adnan Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Organometallic and Coordination Chemistry Laboratory, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Haq Nawaz Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Ghaffar
- Department of Physics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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13
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Kamran U, Bhatti HN, Noreen S, Tahir MA, Park SJ. Chemically modified sugarcane bagasse-based biocomposites for efficient removal of acid red 1 dye: Kinetics, isotherms, thermodynamics, and desorption studies. Chemosphere 2022; 291:132796. [PMID: 34774614 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Novel eco-friendly and economically favourable chemically modified biosorbents and biosomposites from sugarcane bagasse (SB) has been investigated for the first time for efficient removal of Acid red 1 dye from wastewater. As fabricated biosorbents and biocomposites were characterized analytically. Batch adsorption experiments has been performed to optimize operating parameters and the determined optimum conditions are; pH: 2, dose: 0.05 g, contact time: between 60 and 75 min, initial dye concentration: 400 mg L-1, and temperature: 30 °C, at which maximum Acid red 1 dye removal capacities were found (within range of 143.4-205.1 mg g-1) by as-designed SB-derived chemically modified biosorbents and biocomposites. This high adsorption capacity was accompanied due to its large specific surface area (30.19 m2 g-1) and excessive functional active binding sites. In terms of the nature of adsorption process, kinetic and isothermal studies demonstrated that experimental data shows greater fitness with pseudo 2nd order and Langmuir model. Thermodynamics analysis revealed that the adsorption process is spontaneous, feasible, and exothermic in nature. Adsorption selective studies signifies that lower concentration of co-existing metallic ions were not interfered during the removal of Acid red 1 dye, which confirms that under optimized adsorption conditions the biosorbents and biocomposites exhibited greater affinity for dye molecules. The excessive quantity (82%) of loaded dye molecules within the adsorbents were extracted within the NaOH eluting media which predicts that as designed biocomposites could have capability of reusability. Hence, it is anticipated that this type of novel SB-derived biocomposites could be considered as greener potential candidate material for commercial scale dye removal applications from industrial wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urooj Kamran
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Incheon, 22212, South Korea
| | - Haq Nawaz Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan.
| | - Saima Noreen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asif Tahir
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Soo-Jin Park
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Incheon, 22212, South Korea.
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14
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Bibi S, Ur-rehman S, Khalid L, Bhatti IA, Bhatti HN, Iqbal J, Bai FQ, Zhang HX. Investigation of the adsorption properties of gemcitabine anticancer drug with metal-doped boron nitride fullerenes as a drug-delivery carrier: a DFT study. RSC Adv 2022; 12:2873-2887. [PMID: 35425316 PMCID: PMC8979131 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra09319c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Anticancer-drug delivery is now becoming a challenging approach for researchers as it allows controlled drug delivery near cancerous cells with minimized generic collection and the avoidance of secondary side effects. Hence in this work, the applications of nanostructures as anticancer drug-delivery carriers were widely investigated to target cancerous tissues. Based on DFT calculations, we investigated the transition metal-doped boron nitride nanostructure as a drug-delivery agent for the gemcitabine drug utilizing the B3LYP/6-31G (d, p) level of theory. In this research, the adsorption energy and electronic parameters of gemcitabine on the interaction with the metal-doped BN nanostructures were studied. It has been observed that metal doping significantly enhances the drug-delivery properties of BN nanostructures. Among the investigated nanostructures, Ni–BN has been found to be the most prominent nanostructure to transport gemcitabine with an elevated value of adsorption energy in both the gas phase (−45.79) and water media (−32.46). The interaction between gemcitabine and BN nanostructures was confirmed through frontier molecular orbitals and stabilization energy analysis. The fractional charge transfer, MEP, NCI, and NBO analyses exposed the charge transfer from drug molecule to the BN nanostructures. Transition density maps and UV-VIS spectra were also plotted to investigate the excited-state properties of the designed complexes. Thus, the present study provides an in-depth interaction mechanism of the gemcitabine drug with BN, which reveals that metal-doped BN nanostructures can be a favorable drug-delivery vehicle for the gemcitabine anticancer drug. Anticancer-drug delivery is now becoming a challenging approach for researchers as it allows controlled drug delivery near cancerous cells with minimized generic collection and the avoidance of secondary side effects.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamsa Bibi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shafiq Ur-rehman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Laryeb Khalid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ijaz Ahmad Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Haq Nawaz Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Javed Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Fu Quan Bai
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry and College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Hong-Xing Zhang
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry and College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
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15
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Ghani N, Iqbal J, Sadaf S, Bhatti HN, Asgher M. A Facile Approach for the Synthesis of SrTiO
3
/g‐C
3
N
4
Photo‐catalyst and its Efficacy in Biodiesel Production. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202101787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naila Ghani
- Department of Chemistry University of agriculture 38000 Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Javed Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry University of agriculture 38000 Faisalabad Pakistan
- Punjab Bio-energy Institute University of Agriculture Faisalabad 38040 Pakistan
| | - Sana Sadaf
- Punjab Bio-energy Institute University of Agriculture Faisalabad 38040 Pakistan
| | - Haq Nawaz Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry University of agriculture 38000 Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asgher
- Department of Bio-Chemistry University of Agriculture Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
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16
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Khalid QUA, Khan A, Bhatti HN, Sadaf S, Kausar A, Alissa SA, Alghaith MK, Iqbal M. Cellulosic biomass biocomposites with polyaniline, polypyrrole and sodium alginate: Insecticide adsorption-desorption, equilibrium and kinetics studies. ARAB J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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17
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Kausar A, Bhatti HN, Iqbal M. Kinetics and Equilibrium of Radioactive Metal Adsorption onto Sugarcane Bagasse Waste: Comparison of Batch and Column Adsorption Modes. Z PHYS CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-2019-1418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Sugarcane bagasse waste biomass (SBWB) efficacy for the adsorption of Zr(IV) was investigated in batch and column modes. The process variables i.e. pH 1–4 (A), adsorbent dosage 0.0–0.3 g (B), and Zr(IV) ions initial concentration 25–200 mg/L (C) were studied. The experiments were run under central composite design (CCD) and data was analysed by response surface methodology (RSM) methodology. The factor A, B, C, AB interaction and square factor A2, C2 affected the Zr(IV) ions adsorption onto SBWB. The quadratic model fitted well to the adsorption data with high R2 values. The effect of bed height, flow rate and Zr(IV) ions initial concentration was also studied for column mode adsorption and efficiency was evaluated by breakthrough curves as well as Bed Depth Service and Thomas models. Bed height and Zr(IV) ions initial concentration enhanced the adsorption of capacity of Zr(IV) ions, whereas flow rate reduced the column efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abida Kausar
- Department of Chemistry , Government College Women University , Faisalabad 38040 , Pakistan
| | - Haq Nawaz Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry , University of Agriculture , Faisalabad 38040 , Pakistan
| | - Munawar Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry , The University Lahore , Lahore , Pakistan
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18
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Amin M, Bhatti HN, Nawaz S, Bilal M. Penicillium fellutanum lipase as a green and ecofriendly biocatalyst for depolymerization of poly (ɛ-caprolactone): Biochemical, kinetic, and thermodynamic investigations. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2021; 69:410-419. [PMID: 33559904 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Microbial lipases hold a prominent position in biocatalysis by their capability to mediate reactions in aqueous and nonaqueous media. Herein, a lipase from Penicillium fellutanum was biochemically characterized and investigated its potential to degrade poly (ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL). The lipase exhibited stability over a broad pH spectrum and performed best at pH 8.5 and 45 °C. The activation energy was determined to be 66.37 kJ/mol by Arrhenius plot, whereas Km and Vmax for pNPP hydrolysis were 0.75 mM and 83.33 μmol/mL/Min, respectively. A rise in temperature reduced the Gibbs free energy, whereas the enthalpy of thermal unfolding (∆H*) remains the same up to 54 °C following a modest decline at 61 °C. The entropy (∆S*) of the enzyme demonstrated an increasing trend up to 54 °C and dropped at 61 °C. Lipase retained stability by incubation with various industrially relevant organic solvents (benzene, hexanol, ether, and acetone). However, exposure to urea and guanidine hydrochloride influenced its catalytic activity to different extents. Under optimal operating conditions, lipase catalyzed the excellent degradation of PCL film degradation leading to 66% weight loss, increased surface erosion, and crystallinity. Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry, differential scanning calorimetry, and scanning electron microscopy studies monitored the weight loss after enzymatic hydrolysis. The findings indicate that P. fellutanum lipase would be a prospective biocatalytic system for polyesters depolymerization and environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misbah Amin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Haq Nawaz Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Nawaz
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an, People's Republic of China
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19
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Nargis HF, Nawaz H, Bhatti HN, Jilani K, Saleem M. Comparison of surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy for the detection of breast cancer based on serum samples. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2021; 246:119034. [PMID: 33049470 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.119034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In this study, surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and Raman spectroscopy (RS), are employed for the classification of different stages of breast cancer using clinically diagnosed serum samples from breast cancer patients and healthy individuals. These serum samples are compared for their spectral features acquired by SERS and RS to establish spectral features that can be considered as spectral markers of breast cancer diagnosis and classification. SERS features related to DNA, proteins and lipids were observed which are solely observed in the serum samples of patients at different stages of breast cancer as compared to healthy samples. In order to explore the capability of SERS and RS and their comparison as an analytical tool for the efficient understanding of the progression of breast cancer, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is done for the SERS and RS spectra of control, stage 2, stage 3 and stage 4. Furthermore, the Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) was performed to compare the diagnostic performance of SERS and Raman spectroscopy for the classification of disease positive samples and healthy ones. The sensitivity and specificity and area under receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve values for SERS data were 90%, 98.4%, and 94% respectively which were higher as compared to Raman spectral data for which these values were found to be 88.2%, 97.7%, and 83.4% respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- H F Nargis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - H Nawaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - H N Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - K Jilani
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M Saleem
- National Institute of Lasers and Optronics (NILOP), Islamabad, Pakistan
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20
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Abd-Elsalam KA, Ahmad H, Ahmed FK, Akhtar MN, Akram S, Ali I, Amjed MA, Anggorowati AA, Ashfaq M, Asif MI, Baruah S, Bhatti HN, Bhatti IA, Budihal SV, Chauhan D, Drioli E, Dutta SD, El Zerey-Belaskri A, Emmanuel Joshua Jebasingh S, Fathy NA, Gacem MA, Ganguly K, Hanif A, Hanif MA, Huang H, Hussain T, Islam T, Ismadji S, Jampílek J, Jesi Reeta T, Kalita D, Khalid T, Khan F, Khan FG, Khan I, Khan ZM, Kráľová K, Kurniawan A, Lim KT, Luan H, Mangalanagasundari S, Mansha A, Mostafa M, Murugan K, Mushtaq F, Mustafa G, Muthu K, Nadeem F, Nadeem N, Naqvi SAR, Naz I, Noreen S, Ould El Hadj Khelil A, Parwez K, Patel DK, Paulkumar K, Peng C, Perveen I, Pervez R, Rashid A, Rehan ZA, Romanovski V, Santoso SP, Sarkar AK, Sehar S, Shahid I, Shahzeb Khan M, Sherazi TA, Soetaredjo FE, Syed U, Tabasum A, Tahir N, Talreja N, Tehrim A, Telli A, Ullah A, Ullah I, Ulucan-Altuntas K, Wink J, Yuliansa M, Zahid M. Contributors. Aquananotechnology 2021:xi-xiv. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-821141-0.09994-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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21
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Mubeen Z, Bhatti IA, Bhatti HN, Asghar M. Barbecued desi chicken: an investigation on the impact of polluted milieu upon formation and ingestion of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in commercial versus laboratory barbecued organs along with stochastic cancer risk assessments in people from an industrial district of Punjab, Pakistan. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:4216-4228. [PMID: 32936407 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10648-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
8∑PAHs in 2- and 4-month-old desi chicken organs collected from Faisalabad district, Punjab, Pakistan, were examined via high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Exposure doses (AVDD) of PAHs with consequential lifetime excess cancer risks (LtECR) were also estimated in people ingesting laboratory barbecued (Lb) and commercially barbecued (Cb) desi meat organs. The results exposed the presence of 8ΣPAH in 2- and 4-month-old Lb and Cb chicken organs: drumsticks (Ds), breast (BS), and wings (Ws) (0.45, 3.10, 0.97 ng g-1; 2.52, 4.31, 1.22 ng g-1; and 10.09, 15.04, and 9.06 ng g-1 respectively). BαP was found only in Cb organs with the highest concentrations (5.08 ng g-1) in Bs. It was above the EU's tolerable limit, while it was not detected in all Lb organs. The lowest level of 8ΣPAH was found in 2-month-old desi Ws. A comparative percentage increase in 8ΣPAH levels between all Lb and Cb organs was found in the range of 1500-2416.67%. LtECR for males and adults were ranging from 1.35 × E-13 to 4.49 × E-5 at different consumption rates with AVDD ranging from 1.08 E-6 to 6.01 E-5. In contrast to 2- and 4- month-old chicken meat, 2-month-old desi meat is better having less PAH load. Comparing different organs, Ws of former one displayed abridged PAH levels. In conclusion, Lb desi meat is less carcinogenic relative to Cb. More PAH levels are due to secondary smoke in Cb samples collected from the metropolitan. Ingestion of Lb 2-month-old desi chicken organs could be safe to dine as compared with 4-month-old desi and Cb organs. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zunaira Mubeen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Punjab, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Ijaz Ahmad Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Punjab, 38040, Pakistan.
| | - Haq Nawaz Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Punjab, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asghar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Punjab, 38040, Pakistan
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22
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Riaz A, Iqbal MA, Bhatti HN, Shahid M. Synthesis of sandwich type acyclic tetra-nuclear silver(I)-N-heterocyclic carbene complexes for wound healing applications. Z NATURFORSCH C 2020; 75:369-376. [PMID: 32589611 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2020-0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Two meta-xylyl linked tetrakis-benzimidazolium salts (L1-L2) as multidentate ligands and two respective silver complexes (C1 and C2) were synthesized. A multistep reaction was done at room temperature, starting with simple benzimidazole and alkyl halides, going through precursors and salt formation by reflux and finally in situ deprotonation of tetrabenzimidazolium salts with Ag2O to yield respective tetra-nuclear Ag(I)-N-heterocyclic Carbene (NHC) complexes. Propyl and butyl groups were bonded at the terminal positions of tetra-azolium open chain salts. Characterization of compounds was done by analytical and spectroscopic techniques. On the basis of spectroscopic data, a chemical structure with open chains having four Ag(I) ions sandwiched between NHC layers was established. Potential of synthesized complexes (C1 & C2) for wound contraction was evaluated and compared with standard wound contraction gel. Percentage wound contraction of both complexes was found very close to that of standard drug used in parallel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Riaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adnan Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry, Organometallic & Coordination Chemistry Laboratory, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Haq Nawaz Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
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23
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Ashraf R, Iqbal MA, Bhatti HN, Janjua MRSA, El‐Naggar M. Bioactivity and DNA/BSA Interactions of Selenium N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Adducts. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202001990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rizwan Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry University of Agriculture Faisalabad 38040, Punjab Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adnan Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry University of Agriculture Faisalabad 38040, Punjab Pakistan
- Organometallic and Coordination Chemistry Laboratory University of Agriculture Faisalabad 38040, Punjab Pakistan
| | - Haq Nawaz Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry University of Agriculture Faisalabad 38040, Punjab Pakistan
| | | | - Mohamed El‐Naggar
- Department of Chemistry University of Sharjah P. O.Box 27272 Sharjah United Arab Emirates
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24
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Ghani N, Iqbal J, Sadaf S, Nawaz Bhatti H, Asgher M. Comparison of Photo‐Esterification Capability of Bismuth Vanadate with Reduced Graphene Oxide Bismuth Vanadate (RGO/BiVO
4
) Composite for Biodiesel Production from High Free Fatty Acid Containing Non‐Edible Oil. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202001913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naila Ghani
- Department of Chemistry University of Agriculture, Faisalabad- 38000 Pakistan
| | - Javed Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry University of Agriculture, Faisalabad- 38000 Pakistan
- Punjab Bio-energy InstituteUniversity of Agriculture Faisalabad 38040 Pakistan
| | - Sana Sadaf
- Punjab Bio-energy InstituteUniversity of Agriculture Faisalabad 38040 Pakistan
| | - Haq Nawaz Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry University of Agriculture, Faisalabad- 38000 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asgher
- Department of Bio-Chemistry University of Agriculture Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
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25
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Bhatti HN, Mahmood Z, Kausar A, Yakout SM, Shair OH, Iqbal M. Biocomposites of polypyrrole, polyaniline and sodium alginate with cellulosic biomass: Adsorption-desorption, kinetics and thermodynamic studies for the removal of 2,4-dichlorophenol. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 153:146-157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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26
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Atif
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Haq Nawaz Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adnan Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Organometallic & Coordination Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Yasir Jamil
- Department of Physics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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27
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Ali S, Riaz A, Nawaz H, Majeed MI, Iqbal MA, Bhatti HN, Rashid N, Kashif M, Tahir M, Nasir S, Ullah S, Farooq S, Naseem A. Raman spectral characterization of silver metal-based complexes of different benzimidazolium ligands. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2020; 232:118162. [PMID: 32106031 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Raman spectroscopy has been employed for the characterization of two structurally different monodentate N-heterocyclic carbene ligands (ligand-1 and ligand-2) and their respective complexes (complex-1 and complex-2). The Raman spectral features are found helpful for the confirmation of formation of complexes. The significant Raman spectral features are identified for benzimidazole ring with higher intensities in carbene complexes having more polarizability as compared to their ligands, providing the evidence for the formation of coordinate covalent bond. The successful complexation is further supported by using multivariate data analysis technique, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), which is found very helpful to highlight the variability of Raman spectral data of both ligands and their respective metal complexes from each other. Moreover, the coordination of carbene with Ag(I) is confirmed from the dominant spectral markers of higher intensities at 359 cm-1 in complex-1 and 338 cm-1 in complex-2. The effective and reliable characterization and confirmation of metal complexes indicates the potential of Raman spectroscopy for its use for the characterization of the organometallic complexes and other chemical products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saqib Ali
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad-38040, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Riaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad-38040, Pakistan
| | - Haq Nawaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad-38040, Pakistan.
| | | | | | - Haq Nawaz Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad-38040, Pakistan
| | - Nosheen Rashid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Punjab, Faisalabad campus, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Kashif
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad-38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tahir
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad-38040, Pakistan
| | - Saira Nasir
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad-38040, Pakistan
| | - Saif Ullah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad-38040, Pakistan
| | - Sidra Farooq
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad-38040, Pakistan
| | - Ammara Naseem
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad-38040, Pakistan
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Ali S, Riaz A, Majeed MI, Iqbal MA, Bhatti HN, Rashid N, Kashif M, Tahir M, Nasir S, Farooq S, Naseem A, Nawaz H. Raman spectroscopy along with Principal Component Analysis for the confirmation of Silver(I)-N-heterocyclic carbene complex formation. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2020; 228:117851. [PMID: 31786050 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study Raman spectroscopy is employed for the characterization of two different ligands called as S1 and S2 and their respective co-ordinate complexes called C1 and C2. Specific Raman spectral signatures are observed for each of these Silver(I)-N-heterocyclic carbene complexes Ag(I)-(NHCs), which can be associated with the imidazolium ring, part of both of the ligands, indicating the formation of new coordinate covalent bond. For the detailed analysis, Raman spectral data of these ligands and complexes is analyzed by multivariate data analysis technique, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) which is found very helpful to differentiate two ligands and complexes from each other. The significant Raman peaks with higher intensities in the complexes as compared to the respective ligands are associated with imidazole ring which can be attributed to the enhanced polarizability of this ring on complex formation. Moreover, the spectral features associated with (AgC) bond are observed with higher intensity at 360 in (C1) and 383 in (C2). This study indicates the potential of Raman spectroscopy for the characterization and confirmation of formation of organometallic complexes and other chemical products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saqib Ali
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Riaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Haq Nawaz Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Nosheen Rashid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Punjab, Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Kashif
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tahir
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Saira Nasir
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Sidra Farooq
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Ammara Naseem
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Haq Nawaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan.
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29
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Noreen S, Bhatti HN, Iqbal M, Hussain F, Sarim FM. Chitosan, starch, polyaniline and polypyrrole biocomposite with sugarcane bagasse for the efficient removal of Acid Black dye. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 147:439-452. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.12.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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30
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Ishtiaq F, Bhatti HN, Khan A, Iqbal M, Kausar A. Polypyrole, polyaniline and sodium alginate biocomposites and adsorption-desorption efficiency for imidacloprid insecticide. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 147:217-232. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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31
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Sultana S, Bhatti HN, Yasmin F, Khan AN, Rehan I, Rehan K, Noor‐ul‐Amin. Assessment on the mechanical, structural, and thermal attributes of green graphene‐based water soluble polymer electrolyte composites. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sabiha Sultana
- Department of Chemistry Islamia College University Peshawar Peshawar Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry Government College Women University Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Haq Nawaz Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Farah Yasmin
- Department of Chemistry Government College Women University Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Abdul Naeem Khan
- National Center of Excellence in Physical Chemistry University of Peshawar Peshawar Pakistan
| | - Imran Rehan
- Department of Applied Physics FUUAST Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Kamran Rehan
- Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics Wuhan Chinese Academy of Sciences China
| | - Noor‐ul‐Amin
- Department of Chemistry Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan Mardan Pakistan
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32
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Habib A, Iqbal MA, Bhatti HN, Kamal A, Kamal S. Synthesis of alkyl/aryl linked binuclear silver(I)-N-Heterocyclic carbene complexes and evaluation of their antimicrobial, hemolytic and thrombolytic potential. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2019.107670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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33
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Nargis HF, Nawaz H, Ditta A, Mahmood T, Majeed MI, Rashid N, Muddassar M, Bhatti HN, Saleem M, Jilani K, Bonnier F, Byrne HJ. Raman spectroscopy of blood plasma samples from breast cancer patients at different stages. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2019; 222:117210. [PMID: 31176149 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy was employed for the characterization of blood plasma samples from patients at different stages of breast cancer. Blood plasma samples taken from clinically diagnosed breast cancer patients were compared with healthy controls using multivariate data analysis techniques (principal components analysis - PCA) to establish Raman spectral features which can be considered spectral markers of breast cancer development. All the stages of the disease can be differentiated from normal samples. It is also found that stage 2 and 3 are biochemically similar, but can be differentiated from each other by PCA. The Raman spectral data of the stage 4 is found to be biochemically distinct, but very variable between patients. Raman spectral features associated with DNA and proteins were identified, which are exclusive to patient plasma samples. Moreover, there are several other spectral features which are strikingly different in the blood plasma samples of different stages of breast cancer. In order to further explore the potential of Raman spectroscopy as the basis of a minimally invasive screening technique for breast cancer diagnosis and staging, PCA-Factorial Discriminant Analysis (FDA) was employed to classify the Raman spectral datasets of the blood plasma samples of the breast cancer patients, according to different stages of the disease, yielding promisingly high values of sensitivity and specificity for all stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- H F Nargis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - H Nawaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - A Ditta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - T Mahmood
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M I Majeed
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - N Rashid
- University of Central Punjab, Faisalabad campus, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M Muddassar
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Park Road, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - H N Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M Saleem
- National Institute of Lasers and Optronics (NILOP), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - K Jilani
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - F Bonnier
- EA 6295 Nano-médicaments and nano-sondes, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - H J Byrne
- FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, Kevin Street, Dublin 8, Ireland
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34
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Abbas G, Asim S, Bhatti HN, Mansha A, Zahid M, Ahmad M, Haider R. Spectroscopic studies of interactions of 2-(2-Oxo-2-Phenylethyl)-1, 2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one-1, 1-dioxide with human DNA. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.06.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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35
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Habib A, Iqbal MA, Bhatti HN. Polynuclear Ag(I)-N-heterocyclic carbene complexes: synthesis, electrochemical and in vitro anticancer study against human breast cancer and colon cancer. J COORD CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2019.1632837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aqsa Habib
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | | | - Haq Nawaz Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
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36
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Majeed H, Bhatti HN, Bhatti IA. Replacement of sodium alginate polymer, urea and sodium bicarbonate in the conventional reactive printing of cellulosic cotton. Journal of Polymer Engineering 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2019-0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The objective of this study is to replace sodium alginate (bio composite polymer), urea and sodium bicarbonate (alkalinity) in the conventional reactive printing of cotton with carboxymethyl tamarind plolysaccharide (bio polymer), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG-400) and trichloroacetic acid respectively. This study was motivated by the goal of coming up with a low-cost, eco-friendly printing process. The results were evaluated on two reactive dyes (color index numbers: Reactive Violet 01 and Reactive Blue 21) at two dose levels (2% and 4% of the printing paste weight). In the conventional recipe, sodium alginate, urea and sodium bicarbonate were added at dose levels of 2%, 15% and 2.5%, respectively; in the modified recipe, the dose levels of the substituted tamarind polysaccharide and trichloroacetic acid were 6% and 4%, respectively. The different dose levels of PEG-400 (0%, 1%, 2%, 3%) were accessed in each modified recipe. Results showed that the Sum K/S and shade strength, dye penetration, staining on white ground of the fabric, rubbing fastness (dry and wet), washing fastness, perspiration fastness (acidic and alkaline), light fastness, sharpness of the edges and fabric softness all improved in the modified recipe with 2% PEG-400. However, the increase in PEG-400 only increased the dye penetration and did not give any significant benefit with the increase in concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hammad Majeed
- Department of Chemistry , University of Agriculture , Faisalabad 38000 , Pakistan
| | - Haq Nawaz Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry , University of Agriculture , Faisalabad 38000 , Pakistan
| | - Ijaz Ahmad Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry , University of Agriculture , Faisalabad 38000 , Pakistan
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37
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Abstract
Abstract
Slag produced as a byproduct in industrial processes, contains considerable metals contents, which need to be recovered to avoid environmental contamination. In present review, the types, applications, recovery of metals from slag and their hazardous effects have been discussed. Gravimetric, magnetic, floatation, pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical treatments are discussed for processing of charge chrome, steel, copper smelter, brass smelter, tin, incineration, ferrochrome and silico-manganese slags for the extraction of various metal ions (Mg, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Ni, Co, Mn, Fe, As, Cr, Al, Nb, Ag, Au, Nb, Ta, Cu, Co, Ni, Fe, V, Cr). The possibility of biometallurgical processing of slags is also evaluated. Merits and demerits of extraction and purification techniques are highlighted with possible suggestions and possibility of integrated leaching techniques is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aqsa Habib
- Department of Chemistry , University of Agriculture , Faisalabad , Pakistan
| | - Haq Nawaz Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry , University of Agriculture , Faisalabad , Pakistan
| | - Munawar Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry , University of Lahore , Lahore , Pakistan
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38
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Kamal A, Nazari V M, Yaseen M, Iqbal MA, Ahamed MBK, Majid ASA, Bhatti HN. Green synthesis of selenium-N-heterocyclic carbene compounds: Evaluation of antimicrobial and anticancer potential. Bioorg Chem 2019; 90:103042. [PMID: 31226469 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Three benzimidazolium salts (III-V) and respective selenium adducts (VI-VIII) were designed, synthesized and characterized by various analytical techniques (FT-IR and NMR 1H, 13C). Selected salts and respective selenium N-Heterocyclic carbenes (selenium-NHC) adducts were tested in vitro against Cervical Cancer Cell line (Hela), Breast Adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF-7), Retinal Ganglion Cell line (RGC-5) and Mouse Melanoma Cell line (B16F10) using MTT assay and the results were compared with standard drug 5-Fluorouracil. Se-NHC compounds and azolium salts showed significant anticancer potential. Molecular docking studies of compounds (VI, VII and VIII) showed strong binding energies and ligand affinity toward following angiogenic factors: VEGF-A (vascular endothelial growth factor A), EGF (human epidermal growth factor), HIF (Hypoxia-inducible factor) and COX-1 (Cyclooxygenase-1) suggesting that the anticancer activity of adducts (VI, VII and VIII) may be due to their strong anti-angiogenic effect. In addition, compounds III-VIII were screened for their antibacterial and antifungal potential. Adduct VI was found to be potent anti-fungal agent against A. Niger with zone of inhibition (ZI) value 27.01 ± 0.251 mm which is better than standard drug Clotrimazole tested in parallel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amna Kamal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Mansoureh Nazari V
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, 11800 Pulau Penang, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Yaseen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Education (Lahore), Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adnan Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; Organometallic and Coordination Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan.
| | - Mohamed B Khadeer Ahamed
- EMAN Biodiscoveries Sdn. Bhd., A1-4, Lot 5, Persiaran 2/1, Kedah Halal Park, Kawasan Perindustrian Sungai Petani, 08000 Sungai Petani, Kedah, Malaysia
| | | | - Haq Nawaz Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan.
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39
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Abstract
Abstract
Nanotechnology is an art for application and handling of materials at very small scales i.e. 1–100 nm. The materials at this scale exhibit significantly different properties compared to same materials at larger scales. There are so many physical and chemical methods for the synthesis of nanoscale materials but the most appropriate are the ones that synthesize materials using green chemistry eco-friendly techniques. Recently, the collaboration between nanotechnology and biology has opened up new horizons of nanobiotechnology that integrates the use of biological materials in a number of biochemical and biophysical processes. This approach has significantly boosted up nanoparticles (NPs) production without employing harsh and toxic conditions and chemicals. This review is aimed to provide an outline of latest developments in synthesis of NPs through biotic entities and their potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urooj Kamran
- Department of Chemistry , University of Agriculture , Faisalabad , Pakistan
| | - Haq Nawaz Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry , University of Agriculture , Faisalabad , Pakistan
| | - Munawar Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry , The University of Lahore , Lahore , Pakistan
| | - Arif Nazir
- Department of Chemistry , The University of Lahore , Lahore , Pakistan
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40
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Habib A, Bhatti HN, Iqbal M, Asim S, Mansha A. 4-Acetamidophenol Binding Mechanism with DNA by UV-Vis and FTIR Techniques Based on Binding Energy, LUMO and HOMO Orbitals and Geometry of Molecule. Z PHYS CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-2018-1340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Present study was conducted to appraise the interaction mechanism of 4-acetamidophenol (4-AP) with DNA based on UV-Vis and FTIR techniques based on binding energy, isolated atomic energy, LUMO and HOMO orbitals gap and geometry of molecule. Analysis revealed the groove binding and intercalation mode of interaction between 4-AP and DNA since hyperchromic and bathochromic shifts were observed in response of interaction of DNA. The planar part of interacting molecule intercalated with DNA and non-planar part of 4-acetamidophenol bounded with DNA (groove binding). The constants for binding between 4-AP and DNA were calculated and 20.12 × 103 mol−1 dm3 binding constant was recorded at pH 4.7, whereas this value was 5.32 × 103 mol−1 dm3 for the pH 7.4. The binding constant value for interaction of 4-AP with DNA revealed the possibility of oral administration of 4-AP. The 4-AP binding with DNA is spontaneous process, which was confirmed from negative value of free energy at room temperature. FTIR study revealed that C–H and C=C (aromatic) functional groups were involved in binding at pH 4.7 and C=O (amide) was involved in groove binding, whereas C–H (aromatic) was responsible for intercalation at pH 7.4 and C–H (alkaline) and C=O (amide) were responsible for groove binding at pH 4.7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aqsa Habib
- Department of Chemistry , University of Agriculture , Faisalabad-38040 , Pakistan
| | - Haq Nawaz Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry , University of Agriculture , Faisalabad-38040 , Pakistan
| | - Munawar Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry , The University of Lahore , Lahore , Pakistan
| | - Sadia Asim
- Department of Chemistry , University of Agriculture , Faisalabad-38040 , Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry , Government College Women University , Faisalabad , Pakistan
| | - Asim Mansha
- Department of Chemistry , Government College Women University , Faisalabad , Pakistan
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41
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Kamran U, Bhatti HN, Iqbal M, Jamil S, Zahid M. Biogenic synthesis, characterization and investigation of photocatalytic and antimicrobial activity of manganese nanoparticles synthesized from Cinnamomum verum bark extract. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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42
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Rehman S, Bhatti HN, Bilal M, Asgher M. Optimization of process variables for enhanced production of extracellular lipase by Pleurotus ostreatus IBL-02 in solid-state fermentation. Pak J Pharm Sci 2019; 32:617-624. [PMID: 31081774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, Pleurotus ostreatus IBL-02, a white rot basidiomycete was exploited for lipase production in solid-state fermentation (SSF). Different agro-industrial wastes such as canola-oilseed cake, cotton-oilseed cake, linseed-oil cake, sesame-oilseed cake, rice bran and wheat bran were screened for fermentative production of the lipolytic enzyme. The enzyme profile of P. ostreatus showed the highest activity of lipase on canola oil seed cake as a substrate under SSF conditions. Various physiological factors such as incubation time, humidity level, culture pH, incubation temperature and supplementation of carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized to induce the lipase synthesis capability of P. ostreatus at an optimal level. Optimum lipase activity (3256 U/gram dry substrate) was measured in the solid fermentation medium using moisture level, 50.0%; pH, 4.0; temperature, 30°C and olive oil, 2.0% after 72 h of incubation period with glucose and urea as carbon and nitrogen supplements, respectively. Glucose supplementation significantly stimulated the lipase production, while nitrogen addition did not exert any significant effect on lipase yield. Overall, under optimized bioprocess conditions, the enzyme activity was improved up to 1.6 folds with respect to the original enzyme activities. The current findings indicate that culture conditions have great influence on the lipase production potential of P. ostreatus for commercial purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima Rehman
- Environmental & Material Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Haq Nawaz Bhatti
- Environmental & Material Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- Industrial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asgher
- Industrial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Abstract
The aim of the present study was to enhance the pharmaceutical potential and oral bioavailability of piperine, which is the bioactive constituent of Piper nigrum, using the nanosuspension approach. Nanoprecipitation, which is a simple and reproducible process, was used for nanosuspension formulation. To prepare a pharmaceutical-grade nanosuspension with the required particle size, important formulation parameters (amount of plant extract, concentration of stabilizer, and antisolvent-to-solvent ratio) were optimized using the central composite design of response surface methodology. The optimized nanosuspension was characterized using scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and in vitro dissolution testing as well as by measuring the zeta potential. In vivo pharmacokinetic studies were conducted to determine the bioavailability of the prepared nanosuspension. Results of the optimization study indicated that 0.13% plant extract, 0.25% stabilizer, and an antisolvent-to-solvent ratio of 10.0 were the best parameters to obtain a homogeneous nanosuspension with the required particle size. The optimized nanosuspension demonstrated a mean particle size, polydispersity index, and zeta potential of 172.5 nm, 0.241, and - 16.6 mV, respectively. The results of the characterization studies illustrated that the nanosuspension was in the nanometer size range and had good surface morphology. The optimized nanosuspension showed a better dissolution rate and a 3.65-fold higher oral bioavailability for the P. nigrum nanosuspension than its coarse suspension. The present outcomes clearly demonstrated that to obtain an effective therapeutic potential, nanoformulation of medicinal plants is a better alternative than conventional dosage forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatiqa Zafar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Nazish Jahan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Haq Nawaz Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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44
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Sattar R, Ilyas S, Bhatti HN, Ghaffar A. Resource recovery of critically-rare metals by hydrometallurgical recycling of spent lithium ion batteries. Sep Purif Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2018.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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45
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Abstract
AbstractSelenium is a biocompatible element and participates in several biochemical reactions occurring in the human body. Its biocompatibility and minimal toxicity has attracted researchers to develop selenium-based drugs. Hence, recent developments on biomedical applications of selenium-based compounds have been discussed. A structure activity relationship has also been interpreted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amna Kamal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adnan Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
- Organometallic and Coordination Chemistry Laboratory, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Haq Nawaz Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
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46
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Mahmood T, Nawaz H, Ditta A, Majeed MI, Hanif MA, Rashid N, Bhatti HN, Nargis HF, Saleem M, Bonnier F, Byrne HJ. Raman spectral analysis for rapid screening of dengue infection. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2018; 200:136-142. [PMID: 29677500 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Infection with the dengue virus is currently clinically detected according to different biomarkers in human blood plasma, commonly measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assays, including non-structural proteins (Ns1), immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG). However, there is little or no mutual correlation between the biomarkers, as demonstrated in this study by a comparison of their levels in samples from 17 patients. As an alternative, the label free, rapid screening technique, Raman spectroscopy has been used for the characterisation/diagnosis of healthy and dengue infected human blood plasma samples. In dengue positive samples, changes in specific Raman spectral bands associated with lipidic and amino acid/protein content are observed and assigned based on literature and these features can be considered as markers associated with dengue development. Based on the spectroscopic analysis of the current, albeit limited, cohort of samples, Principal Components Analysis (PCA) coupled Factorial Discriminant Analysis, yielded values of 97.95% sensitivity and 95.40% specificity for identification of dengue infection. Furthermore, in a comparison of the normal samples to the patient samples which scored low for only one of the biomarker tests, but high or medium for either or both of the other two, PCA-FDA demonstrated a sensitivity of 97.38% and specificity of 86.18%, thus providing an unambiguous screening technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Mahmood
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - H Nawaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - A Ditta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M I Majeed
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M A Hanif
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - N Rashid
- University of Central Punjab, Faisalabad campus, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - H N Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - H F Nargis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M Saleem
- National Institute of Lasers and Optronics (NILOP), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - F Bonnier
- EA 6295 Nano-médicaments and nano-sondes, Université François-Rabelais de Tours, Tours, France
| | - H J Byrne
- FOCAS Research Institute, Dublin Institute of Technology, Kevin Street, Dublin 8, Ireland
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Khan NUH, Bhatti HN, Iqbal M, Nazir A. Decolorization of Basic Turquise Blue X-GB and Basic Blue X-GRRL by the Fenton’s Process and its Kinetics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-2018-1194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Textile industries use dyes to color their products and release waste water containing dyes, causing water pollution which is a serious problem for survival of human life on earth. The decolorization of basic turquise blue X-GB (BTB X-GB) 250% and basic blue X-GRRL (BB X GRRL) 250% dyes was examined by advanced (Fenton process) oxidation process. The effects of different parameters (initial dye concentration, pH, concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and reaction time) have been examined and optimum conditions were determined. It has been noted that percentage decolorization of both dyes (50 mg/L) increases with increase in concentration of H2O2. At optimum conditions (pH=3.0, H2O2=4.8 mM, temperature=50°C, time=80 min of BTB X-GB, and pH=5.0, H2O2=5.6 mM, temperature=40°C, time=60 min of BB X-GRRL) the decolorization obtained by Fenton process was 85.83% of BTB X-GB and 74.98% for BB X-GRRL. 1st order, 2nd order and BMG kinetic models were used to analyze the data. BMG model gives us the higher values of correlation coefficients for all data. Results showed that Fe2+/H2O2 are most effective for oxidation treatment of waste water effluents containing dyes as main pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naeem-Ul-Haq Khan
- Department of Chemistry , Government College University , Faisalabad , Pakistan
| | - Haq Nawaz Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry , University of Agriculture , Faisalabad , Pakistan
| | - Munawar Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry , The University of Lahore , Lahore , Pakistan
| | - Arif Nazir
- Department of Chemistry , The University of Lahore , Lahore , Pakistan
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Tehseen B, Rehman A, Rahmat M, Bhatti HN, Wu A, Butt FK, Naz G, Khan WS, Bajwa SZ. Solution growth of 3D MnO 2 mesh comprising 1D nanofibres as a novel sensor for selective and sensitive detection of biomolecules. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 117:852-859. [PMID: 30096740 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.06.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This work is the first report describing the solution grown 3D manganese oxide nanofibrous (MnO2 NFs) mesh and its potential for the simultaneous detection of biomolecules such as ascorbic acid and uric acid. The mesh is synthesized by a facile, one-pot, and cost-effective hydrothermal approach without using any template or structure directing compound. The morphology consists of randomly placed nanofibres possessing a diameter in the range of 10-25 nm, and length of several micron; constituting a highly porous and flexible material. The electrochemical potential was examined by recording cyclic voltammetry signals towards ascorbic acid and uric acid. The special mesh morphology offers a large surface area to promote enhanced electrochemical activity, and also provided a macroporous network that supported efficient mass transport. Additionally, the strong electronic cloud and roughness of MnO2 NFs mesh facilitated the fast oxidation of species at very low potential. The lower detection limit was found to be 1.33 µM (S/N = 3) and 1.03 µM (S/N = 3) for ascorbic acid and uric acid, respectively. The MnO2 NFs mesh modified electrodes can robustly differentiate both of them by giving well separate signals (Δ = 500 mV) indicating capability of the material towards selective detection. The sensor has been successfully applied to human blood and urine samples and the recoveries were found statistically significant. These results demonstrate the practical feasibility of 3D mesh to develop sensors for the accurate diagnosis of clinically important molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Tehseen
- Nanobiotechnology Group, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), P.O. Box No.577, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan; Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Asma Rehman
- Nanobiotechnology Group, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), P.O. Box No.577, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Muniba Rahmat
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Haq Nawaz Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Aiguo Wu
- Nanobiomaterials Group, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering (NIMTE), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Ninbgo City, Zhejiang, China
| | - Faheem K Butt
- Department of Physics, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, College Road, Township, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Gul Naz
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Waheed S Khan
- Nanobiotechnology Group, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), P.O. Box No.577, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan; Nanobiomaterials Group, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering (NIMTE), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Ninbgo City, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Sadia Z Bajwa
- Nanobiotechnology Group, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), P.O. Box No.577, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
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Kausar A, MacKinnon G, Alharthi A, Hargreaves J, Bhatti HN, Iqbal M. A green approach for the removal of Sr(II) from aqueous media: Kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamic studies. J Mol Liq 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.02.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Sultana B, Yaqoob S, Zafar Z, Bhatti HN. Escalation of liver malfunctioning: A step toward Herbal Awareness. J Ethnopharmacol 2018; 216:104-119. [PMID: 29309862 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE About 2-5% of the world's population is suffering from liver toxicity including Pakistan with the second highest rate of hepatitis prevalence. Liver is a vital body organ which not only performs metabolic activities but also aids in detoxification, storage and digestion of food. Now a day's malnutrition, alcohol consumption and drug addiction are major causes of liver diseases throughout the world. In fact, there is no possible outcome to compensate liver malfunction for long term, and transplantation of liver is the only option left after the irretrievable injury of hepatic function. Subsequently, natural based therapeutic approaches are in the process of scrupulous testing as strong hepatoprotective mediator. In this regard plants are well thought hepatoprotective agents having multiple active components. In this review, based on species' pharmacology and safety we have compiled some plants which show strong hepatoprotective activity, main phytoconstituents with biological activities and few commercially used herbal formulations. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ethnopharmacological information was gathered by an extensive literature survey like WHO monographs on selected herbal medicinal plants (Vol 1-Vol 4); Principles and Practice of Phytotherapy, Mills S and Bone K, Churchill Livingstone, London, UK; Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals, Wichtl M Medpharm Press, Stuttgart 3rd edn; Pharmacology and Applications of Chinese Materia Medica Vols 1 and 2, Chang H-M and But P P-H World Scientific, Singapore; British Herbal Compendium Vol. 2, Bradley P British Herbal Medicine Association, Bournemouth, UK; ESCOP Monographs 2nd edn. Thieme, Stuttgart, Germany; as well as by using electronic databases such as Pubchem, Chemspider, http://www.herbal-ahp.org; http://www.ahpa.org; http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2003/9241546271.pdf; http://www.escop.com, Pubmed, HubMed and Scopus. RESULTS Data for more about 29 plants have been accomplished for their bioactive constituent(s), biological activities and medicinal uses. Some of the plants have been identified as strong hepato-modulator. Such knowledge about traditional medicinal plants can be globally applied for safe and evidence based use in pharmacological applications. CONCLUSION With the rise in liver risks a meek struggle has been made to draw attention toward herbal therapy. Hepatoprotective constituents of said plants are expressed with chemical structures. However, for certain plants active constituents are not still isolated/purified but overall plant extract was found effective in providing protection against hepatic injury. As a future perspective, there is need to purify plant active constituents for ethnomedical rationale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Sultana
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Sadaf Yaqoob
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Zohaib Zafar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Haq Nawaz Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
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