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Gargallo-Garriga A, Sardans J, Llusià J, Peguero G, Ayala-Roque M, Courtois EA, Stahl C, Urban O, Klem K, Nolis P, Pérez-Trujillo M, Parella T, Richter A, Janssens IA, Peñuelas J. Different profiles of soil phosphorous compounds depending on tree species and availability of soil phosphorus in a tropical rainforest in French Guiana. BMC Plant Biol 2024; 24:278. [PMID: 38609866 PMCID: PMC11010349 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04907-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The availability of soil phosphorus (P) often limits the productivities of wet tropical lowland forests. Little is known, however, about the metabolomic profile of different chemical P compounds with potentially different uses and about the cycling of P and their variability across space under different tree species in highly diverse tropical rainforests. RESULTS We hypothesised that the different strategies of the competing tree species to retranslocate, mineralise, mobilise, and take up P from the soil would promote distinct soil 31P profiles. We tested this hypothesis by performing a metabolomic analysis of the soils in two rainforests in French Guiana using 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). We analysed 31P NMR chemical shifts in soil solutions of model P compounds, including inorganic phosphates, orthophosphate mono- and diesters, phosphonates, and organic polyphosphates. The identity of the tree species (growing above the soil samples) explained > 53% of the total variance of the 31P NMR metabolomic profiles of the soils, suggesting species-specific ecological niches and/or species-specific interactions with the soil microbiome and soil trophic web structure and functionality determining the use and production of P compounds. Differences at regional and topographic levels also explained some part of the the total variance of the 31P NMR profiles, although less than the influence of the tree species. Multivariate analyses of soil 31P NMR metabolomics data indicated higher soil concentrations of P biomolecules involved in the active use of P (nucleic acids and molecules involved with energy and anabolism) in soils with lower concentrations of total soil P and higher concentrations of P-storing biomolecules in soils with higher concentrations of total P. CONCLUSIONS The results strongly suggest "niches" of soil P profiles associated with physical gradients, mostly topographic position, and with the specific distribution of species along this gradient, which is associated with species-specific strategies of soil P mineralisation, mobilisation, use, and uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Gargallo-Garriga
- Global Change Research Institute, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Belidla 986/4a, Brno, CZ-60300, Czech Republic.
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain.
| | - Jordi Sardans
- Global Ecology Unit, CSIC, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del vallès, Barcelona, Catalonia, 08193, Spain
| | - Joan Llusià
- Global Ecology Unit, CSIC, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del vallès, Barcelona, Catalonia, 08193, Spain
| | - Guille Peguero
- Global Ecology Unit, CSIC, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del vallès, Barcelona, Catalonia, 08193, Spain
| | | | - Elodie A Courtois
- Centre of Excellence PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
- Laboratoire écologie, évolution, Interactions des Systèmes Amazoniens (LEEISA), Université de Guyane, CNRS, IFREMER, Cayenne, France
| | - Clément Stahl
- UMR ECOFOG - Ecologie des forêts de Guyane, Kourou cedex, 97379, France
| | - Otmar Urban
- Global Ecology Unit, CSIC, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Karel Klem
- Global Ecology Unit, CSIC, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Pau Nolis
- Servei de Ressonància Magnètica Nuclear, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
| | - Miriam Pérez-Trujillo
- Servei de Ressonància Magnètica Nuclear, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
| | - Teodor Parella
- Servei de Ressonància Magnètica Nuclear, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
| | - Andreas Richter
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Althanstr. 14, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Ivan A Janssens
- Centre of Excellence PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- Global Ecology Unit, CSIC, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del vallès, Barcelona, Catalonia, 08193, Spain
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Metze D, Schnecker J, de Carlan CLN, Bhattarai B, Verbruggen E, Ostonen I, Janssens IA, Sigurdsson BD, Hausmann B, Kaiser C, Richter A. Soil warming increases the number of growing bacterial taxa but not their growth rates. Sci Adv 2024; 10:eadk6295. [PMID: 38394199 PMCID: PMC10889357 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adk6295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Soil microorganisms control the fate of soil organic carbon. Warming may accelerate their activities putting large carbon stocks at risk of decomposition. Existing knowledge about microbial responses to warming is based on community-level measurements, leaving the underlying mechanisms unexplored and hindering predictions. In a long-term soil warming experiment in a Subarctic grassland, we investigated how active populations of bacteria and archaea responded to elevated soil temperatures (+6°C) and the influence of plant roots, by measuring taxon-specific growth rates using quantitative stable isotope probing and 18O water vapor equilibration. Contrary to prior assumptions, increased community growth was associated with a greater number of active bacterial taxa rather than generally faster-growing populations. We also found that root presence enhanced bacterial growth at ambient temperatures but not at elevated temperatures, indicating a shift in plant-microbe interactions. Our results, thus, reveal a mechanism of how soil bacteria respond to warming that cannot be inferred from community-level measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Metze
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Doctoral School in Microbiology and Environmental Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jörg Schnecker
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Biplabi Bhattarai
- Department of Geography, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Erik Verbruggen
- Research Group Plants and Ecosystems, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ivika Ostonen
- Department of Geography, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ivan A. Janssens
- Research Group Plants and Ecosystems, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Bjarni D. Sigurdsson
- Faculty of Environmental and Forest Sciences, Agricultural University of Iceland, Hvanneyri, Borgarnes, Iceland
| | - Bela Hausmann
- Joint Microbiome Facility of the Medical University of Vienna and the University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christina Kaiser
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Richter
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Advancing Systems Analysis Program, Laxenburg, Austria
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3
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Yu Y, Zhou Y, Janssens IA, Deng Y, He X, Liu L, Yi Y, Xiao N, Wang X, Li C, Xiao C. Divergent rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil microbial structure and function in long-term warmed steppe due to altered root exudation. Glob Chang Biol 2024; 30:e17111. [PMID: 38273581 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
While there is an extensive body of research on the influence of climate warming on total soil microbial communities, our understanding of how rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil microorganisms respond to warming remains limited. To address this knowledge gap, we investigated the impact of 4 years of soil warming on the diversity and composition of microbial communities in the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil of a temperate steppe, focusing on changes in root exudation rates and exudate compositions. We used open top chambers to simulate warming conditions, resulting in an average soil temperature increase of 1.1°C over a span of 4 years. Our results showed that, in the non-rhizosphere soil, warming had no significant impact on dissolved organic carbon concentrations, compositions, or the abundance of soil microbial functional genes related to carbon and nitrogen cycling. Moreover, soil microbial diversity and community composition remained largely unaffected, although warming resulted in increased complexity of soil bacteria and fungi in the non-rhizosphere soil. In contrast, warming resulted in a substantial decrease in root exudate carbon (by 19%) and nitrogen (by 12%) concentrations and induced changes in root exudate compositions, primarily characterized by a reduction in the abundance in alcohols, coenzymes and vitamins, and phenylpropanoids and polyketides. These changes in root exudation rates and exudate compositions resulted in significant shifts in rhizosphere soil microbial diversity and community composition, ultimately leading to a reduction in the complexity of rhizosphere bacterial and fungal community networks. Altered root exudation and rhizosphere microbial community composition therefore decreased the expression of functional genes related to soil carbon and nitrogen cycling. Interestingly, we found that changes in soil carbon-related genes were primarily driven by the fungal communities and their responses to warming, both in the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil. The study of soil microbial structure and function in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil provides an ideal setting for understanding mechanisms for governing rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil carbon and nitrogen cycles. Our results highlight the distinctly varied responses of soil microorganisms in the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil to climate warming. This suggests the need for models to address these processes individually, enabling more accurate predictions of the impacts of climate change on terrestrial carbon cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, China
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Wildland Resources, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
- Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Ivan A Janssens
- Research Group of Plant and Vegetation Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Ye Deng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojia He
- The Administrative Center for China's Agenda 21, Beijing, China
| | - Lingli Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yin Yi
- School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Nengwen Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, China
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, China
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Chunwang Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, China
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
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4
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In 't Veld M, Seco R, Reche C, Pérez N, Alastuey A, Portillo-Estrada M, Janssens IA, Peñuelas J, Fernandez-Martinez M, Marchand N, Temime-Roussel B, Querol X, Yáñez-Serrano AM. Identification of volatile organic compounds and their sources driving ozone and secondary organic aerosol formation in NE Spain. Sci Total Environ 2024; 906:167159. [PMID: 37758152 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) play a crucial role in the formation of ozone (O3) and secondary organic aerosol (SOA). We conducted measurements of VOC ambient mixing ratios during both summer and winter at two stations: a Barcelona urban background station (BCN) and the Montseny rural background station (MSY). Subsequently, we employed positive matrix factorization (PMF) to analyze the VOC mixing ratios and identify their sources. Our analysis revealed five common sources: anthropogenic I (traffic & industries); anthropogenic II (traffic & biomass burning); isoprene oxidation; monoterpenes; long-lifetime VOCs. To assess the impact of these VOCs on the formation of secondary pollutants, we calculated the ozone formation potential (OFP) and secondary organic aerosol formation potential (SOAP) associated with each VOC. In conclusion, our study provides insights into the sources of VOCs and their contributions to the formation of ozone and SOA in NE Spain. The OFP was primarily influenced by anthropogenic aromatic compounds from the traffic & industries source at BCN (38-49 %) and during winter at MSY (34 %). In contrast, the summer OFP at MSY was primarily driven by biogenic contributions from monoterpenes and isoprene oxidation products (45 %). Acetaldehyde (10-35 %) and methanol (13-14 %) also made significant OFP contributions at both stations. Anthropogenic aromatic compounds originating from traffic, industries, and biomass burning played a dominant role (88-93 %) in SOA formation at both stations during both seasons. The only exception was during the summer at MSY, where monoterpenes became the primary driver of SOA formation (41 %). These findings emphasize the importance of considering both anthropogenic and biogenic VOCs in air quality management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marten In 't Veld
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Roger Seco
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Reche
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Noemi Pérez
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andres Alastuey
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Portillo-Estrada
- PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Ivan A Janssens
- PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CREAF, E08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Catalonia, Spain; CSIC, Global Ecology Unit, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, E08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Catalonia, Spain
| | - Marcos Fernandez-Martinez
- PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; CREAF, E08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Catalonia, Spain; CSIC, Global Ecology Unit, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, E08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Catalonia, Spain
| | | | | | - Xavier Querol
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Maria Yáñez-Serrano
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; CREAF, E08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Catalonia, Spain; CSIC, Global Ecology Unit, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, E08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Catalonia, Spain
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5
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Calogiuri T, Hagens M, Van Groenigen JW, Corbett T, Hartmann J, Hendriksen R, Janssens I, Janssens IA, Ledesma Dominguez G, Loescher G, Mortier S, Neubeck A, Niron H, Poetra RP, Rieder L, Struyf E, Van Tendeloo M, De Schepper T, Verdonck T, Vlaeminck SE, Vicca S, Vidal A. Design and Construction of an Experimental Setup to Enhance Mineral Weathering through the Activity of Soil Organisms. J Vis Exp 2023. [PMID: 38009719 DOI: 10.3791/65563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Enhanced weathering (EW) is an emerging carbon dioxide (CO2) removal technology that can contribute to climate change mitigation. This technology relies on accelerating the natural process of mineral weathering in soils by manipulating the abiotic variables that govern this process, in particular mineral grain size and exposure to acids dissolved in water. EW mainly aims at reducing atmospheric CO2 concentrations by enhancing inorganic carbon sequestration. Until now, knowledge of EW has been mainly gained through experiments that focused on the abiotic variables known for stimulating mineral weathering, thereby neglecting the potential influence of biotic components. While bacteria, fungi, and earthworms are known to increase mineral weathering rates, the use of soil organisms in the context of EW remains underexplored. This protocol describes the design and construction of an experimental setup developed to enhance mineral weathering rates through soil organisms while concurrently controlling abiotic conditions. The setup is designed to maximize weathering rates while maintaining soil organisms' activity. It consists of a large number of columns filled with rock powder and organic material, located in a climate chamber and with water applied via a downflow irrigation system. Columns are placed above a fridge containing jerrycans to collect the leachate. Representative results demonstrate that this setup is suitable to ensure the activity of soil organisms and quantify their effect on inorganic carbon sequestration. Challenges remain in minimizing leachate losses, ensuring homogeneous ventilation through the climate chamber, and avoiding flooding of the columns. With this setup, an innovative and promising approach is proposed to enhance mineral weathering rates through the activity of soil biota and disentangle the effect of biotic and abiotic factors as drivers of EW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tullia Calogiuri
- Soil Biology Group, Wageningen University & Research; Soil Chemistry and Chemical Soil Quality, Wageningen University & Research;
| | - Mathilde Hagens
- Soil Chemistry and Chemical Soil Quality, Wageningen University & Research
| | | | | | - Jens Hartmann
- Institute for Geology, Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability, University of Hamburg
| | | | - Iris Janssens
- IDLab - Department of Computer Science, University of Antwerp - imec
| | - Ivan A Janssens
- Plants and Ecosystems (PLECO), Biology Department, University of Antwerp
| | | | - Grant Loescher
- Institute for Geology, Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability, University of Hamburg
| | - Steven Mortier
- IDLab - Department of Computer Science, University of Antwerp - imec
| | - Anna Neubeck
- Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University
| | - Harun Niron
- Plants and Ecosystems (PLECO), Biology Department, University of Antwerp
| | - Reinaldy P Poetra
- Institute for Geology, Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability, University of Hamburg
| | - Lukas Rieder
- Institute for Geology, Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability, University of Hamburg
| | - Eric Struyf
- Plants and Ecosystems (PLECO), Biology Department, University of Antwerp
| | - Michiel Van Tendeloo
- Research Group of Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology, University of Antwerp
| | - Tom De Schepper
- IDLab - Department of Computer Science, University of Antwerp - imec
| | - Tim Verdonck
- Department of Mathematics, University of Antwerp - imec
| | - Siegfried E Vlaeminck
- Research Group of Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology, University of Antwerp
| | - Sara Vicca
- Plants and Ecosystems (PLECO), Biology Department, University of Antwerp
| | - Alix Vidal
- Soil Biology Group, Wageningen University & Research
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6
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Sardans J, Llusià J, Ogaya R, Vallicrosa H, Filella I, Gargallo-Garriga A, Peguero G, Van Langenhove L, Verryckt LT, Stahl C, Courtois EA, Bréchet LM, Tariq A, Zeng F, Alrefaei AF, Wang W, Janssens IA, Peñuelas J. Foliar elementome and functional traits relationships identify tree species niche in French Guiana rainforests. Ecology 2023; 104:e4118. [PMID: 37282712 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.4118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Biogeochemical niche (BN) hypothesis aims to relate species/genotype elemental composition with its niche based on the fact that different elements are involved differentially in distinct plant functions. We here test the BN hypothesis through the analysis of the 10 foliar elemental concentrations and 20 functional-morphological of 60 tree species in a French Guiana tropical forest. We observed strong legacy (phylogenic + species) signals in the species-specific foliar elemental composition (elementome) and, for the first time, provide empirical evidence for a relationship between species-specific foliar elementome and functional traits. Our study thus supports the BN hypothesis and confirms the general niche segregation process through which the species-specific use of bio-elements drives the high levels of α-diversity in this tropical forest. We show that the simple analysis of foliar elementomes may be used to test for BNs of co-occurring species in highly diverse ecosystems, such as tropical rainforests. Although cause and effect mechanisms of leaf functional and morphological traits in species-specific use of bio-elements require confirmation, we posit the hypothesis that divergences in functional-morphological niches and species-specific biogeochemical use are likely to have co-evolved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Sardans
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Joan Llusià
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Romà Ogaya
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Helen Vallicrosa
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Iolanda Filella
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Albert Gargallo-Garriga
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Guille Peguero
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leandro Van Langenhove
- Research Group of Plants and Ecosystems (PLECO), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Lore T Verryckt
- Research Group of Plants and Ecosystems (PLECO), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Clément Stahl
- INRAE, UMR EcoFoG, CNRS, CIRAD, AgroParisTech, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane, Kourou, France
| | - Elodie A Courtois
- INRAE, UMR EcoFoG, CNRS, CIRAD, AgroParisTech, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane, Kourou, France
| | - Laëtitia M Bréchet
- Research Group of Plants and Ecosystems (PLECO), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium
- INRAE, UMR EcoFoG, CNRS, CIRAD, AgroParisTech, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane, Kourou, France
| | - Akash Tariq
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, China
| | - Fanjiang Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, China
| | | | - Weiqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Process, Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- College of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ivan A Janssens
- Research Group of Plants and Ecosystems (PLECO), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
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7
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Fang C, Verbrigghe N, Sigurdsson BD, Ostonen I, Leblans NIW, Marañón-Jiménez S, Fuchslueger L, Sigurðsson P, Meeran K, Portillo-Estrada M, Verbruggen E, Richter A, Sardans J, Peñuelas J, Bahn M, Vicca S, Janssens IA. Decadal soil warming decreased vascular plant above and belowground production in a subarctic grassland by inducing nitrogen limitation. New Phytol 2023; 240:565-576. [PMID: 37545200 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Below and aboveground vegetation dynamics are crucial in understanding how climate warming may affect terrestrial ecosystem carbon cycling. In contrast to aboveground biomass, the response of belowground biomass to long-term warming has been poorly studied. Here, we characterized the impacts of decadal geothermal warming at two levels (on average +3.3°C and +7.9°C) on below and aboveground plant biomass stocks and production in a subarctic grassland. Soil warming did not change standing root biomass and even decreased fine root production and reduced aboveground biomass and production. Decadal soil warming also did not significantly alter the root-shoot ratio. The linear stepwise regression model suggested that following 10 yr of soil warming, temperature was no longer the direct driver of these responses, but losses of soil N were. Soil N losses, due to warming-induced decreases in organic matter and water retention capacity, were identified as key driver of the decreased above and belowground production. The reduction in fine root production was accompanied by thinner roots with increased specific root area. These results indicate that after a decade of soil warming, plant productivity in the studied subarctic grassland was affected by soil warming mainly by the reduction in soil N.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Fang
- Research Center for Global Changes and Ecosystem Carbon Sequestration & Mitigation, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
- PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk, 2610, Belgium
| | - Niel Verbrigghe
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Caritasstraat 39, Melle, 9090, Belgium
| | | | - Ivika Ostonen
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51003, Estonia
| | - Niki I W Leblans
- Climate Impacts Research Centre, Umeå University, Umeå, 90333, Sweden
| | - Sara Marañón-Jiménez
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Spain
| | - Lucia Fuchslueger
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Djerassiplatz 1, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Páll Sigurðsson
- Agricultural University of Iceland, Hvanneyri, Borgarnes, IS-311, Iceland
| | - Kathiravan Meeran
- Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Miguel Portillo-Estrada
- PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk, 2610, Belgium
| | - Erik Verbruggen
- PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk, 2610, Belgium
| | - Andreas Richter
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Djerassiplatz 1, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jordi Sardans
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Michael Bahn
- Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sara Vicca
- PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk, 2610, Belgium
| | - Ivan A Janssens
- PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk, 2610, Belgium
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8
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Meeran K, Verbrigghe N, Ingrisch J, Fuchslueger L, Müller L, Sigurðsson P, Sigurdsson BD, Wachter H, Watzka M, Soong JL, Vicca S, Janssens IA, Bahn M. Individual and interactive effects of warming and nitrogen supply on CO 2 fluxes and carbon allocation in subarctic grassland. Glob Chang Biol 2023; 29:5276-5291. [PMID: 37427494 PMCID: PMC10962691 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Climate warming has been suggested to impact high latitude grasslands severely, potentially causing considerable carbon (C) losses from soil. Warming can also stimulate nitrogen (N) turnover, but it is largely unclear whether and how altered N availability impacts belowground C dynamics. Even less is known about the individual and interactive effects of warming and N availability on the fate of recently photosynthesized C in soil. On a 10-year geothermal warming gradient in Iceland, we studied the effects of soil warming and N addition on CO2 fluxes and the fate of recently photosynthesized C through CO2 flux measurements and a 13 CO2 pulse-labeling experiment. Under warming, ecosystem respiration exceeded maximum gross primary productivity, causing increased net CO2 emissions. N addition treatments revealed that, surprisingly, the plants in the warmed soil were N limited, which constrained primary productivity and decreased recently assimilated C in shoots and roots. In soil, microbes were increasingly C limited under warming and increased microbial uptake of recent C. Soil respiration was increased by warming and was fueled by increased belowground inputs and turnover of recently photosynthesized C. Our findings suggest that a decade of warming seemed to have induced a N limitation in plants and a C limitation by soil microbes. This caused a decrease in net ecosystem CO2 uptake and accelerated the respiratory release of photosynthesized C, which decreased the C sequestration potential of the grassland. Our study highlights the importance of belowground C allocation and C-N interactions in the C dynamics of subarctic ecosystems in a warmer world.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Niel Verbrigghe
- Research Group Plants and EcosystemsUniversity of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium
| | | | - Lucia Fuchslueger
- Research Group Plants and EcosystemsUniversity of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems ScienceUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Lena Müller
- Department of EcologyUniversity of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
| | | | | | - Herbert Wachter
- Department of EcologyUniversity of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
| | - Margarete Watzka
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems ScienceUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Jennifer L. Soong
- Research Group Plants and EcosystemsUniversity of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium
- Soil and Crop Sciences DepartmentColorado State UniversityFort CollinsColoradoUSA
| | - Sara Vicca
- Research Group Plants and EcosystemsUniversity of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium
| | - Ivan A. Janssens
- Research Group Plants and EcosystemsUniversity of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium
| | - Michael Bahn
- Department of EcologyUniversity of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
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9
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Meng F, Hong S, Wang J, Chen A, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Janssens IA, Mao J, Myneni RB, Peñuelas J, Piao S. Climate change increases carbon allocation to leaves in early leaf green-up. Ecol Lett 2023; 26:816-826. [PMID: 36958943 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Global greening, characterized by an increase in leaf area index (LAI), implies an increase in foliar carbon (C). Whether this increase in foliar C under climate change is due to higher photosynthesis or to higher allocation of C to leaves remains unknown. Here, we explored the trends in foliar C accumulation and allocation during leaf green-up from 2000 to 2017 using satellite-derived LAI and solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) across the Northern Hemisphere. The accumulation of foliar C accelerated in the early green-up period due to both increased photosynthesis and higher foliar C allocation driven by climate change. In the late stage of green-up, however, we detected decreasing trends in foliar C accumulation and foliar C allocation. Such stage-dependent trends in the accumulation and allocation of foliar C are not represented in current terrestrial biosphere models. Our results highlight that a better representation of C allocation should be incorporated into models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fandong Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System and Resources Environment (TPESRE), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Songbai Hong
- Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Anping Chen
- Department of Biology and Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Yao Zhang
- Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yichen Zhang
- Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ivan A Janssens
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Jiafu Mao
- Environmental Sciences Division and Climate Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - Ranga B Myneni
- Department of Earth and Environment, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola de Vallès, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Shilong Piao
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System and Resources Environment (TPESRE), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
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10
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Fernández-Martínez M, Peñuelas J, Chevallier F, Ciais P, Obersteiner M, Rödenbeck C, Sardans J, Vicca S, Yang H, Sitch S, Friedlingstein P, Arora VK, Goll DS, Jain AK, Lombardozzi DL, McGuire PC, Janssens IA. Diagnosing destabilization risk in global land carbon sinks. Nature 2023; 615:848-853. [PMID: 36813960 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05725-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Global net land carbon uptake or net biome production (NBP) has increased during recent decades1. Whether its temporal variability and autocorrelation have changed during this period, however, remains elusive, even though an increase in both could indicate an increased potential for a destabilized carbon sink2,3. Here, we investigate the trends and controls of net terrestrial carbon uptake and its temporal variability and autocorrelation from 1981 to 2018 using two atmospheric-inversion models, the amplitude of the seasonal cycle of atmospheric CO2 concentration derived from nine monitoring stations distributed across the Pacific Ocean and dynamic global vegetation models. We find that annual NBP and its interdecadal variability increased globally whereas temporal autocorrelation decreased. We observe a separation of regions characterized by increasingly variable NBP, associated with warm regions and increasingly variable temperatures, lower and weaker positive trends in NBP and regions where NBP became stronger and less variable. Plant species richness presented a concave-down parabolic spatial relationship with NBP and its variability at the global scale whereas nitrogen deposition generally increased NBP. Increasing temperature and its increasing variability appear as the most important drivers of declining and increasingly variable NBP. Our results show increasing variability of NBP regionally that can be mostly attributed to climate change and that may point to destabilization of the coupled carbon-climate system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Fernández-Martínez
- PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium.
- CREAF, Campus de Bellaterra (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
- BEECA-UB, Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CREAF, Campus de Bellaterra (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Frederic Chevallier
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, LSCE/IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Philippe Ciais
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, LSCE/IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Michael Obersteiner
- International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Laxenburg, Austria
- School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Christian Rödenbeck
- Department of Biogeochmical Systems, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
| | - Jordi Sardans
- CREAF, Campus de Bellaterra (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Vicca
- PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Hui Yang
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, LSCE/IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Stephen Sitch
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Pierre Friedlingstein
- College of Engineering, Mathematics, and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Vivek K Arora
- Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis, Climate Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Daniel S Goll
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, LSCE/IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Atul K Jain
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Danica L Lombardozzi
- Climate and Global Dynamics Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Patrick C McGuire
- Department of Meteorology, Department of Geography & Environmental Science, National Centre for Atmospheric Science, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Ivan A Janssens
- PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
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11
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Descals A, Verger A, Yin G, Filella I, Fu YH, Piao S, Janssens IA, Peñuelas J. Radiation-constrained boundaries cause nonuniform responses of the carbon uptake phenology to climatic warming in the Northern Hemisphere. Glob Chang Biol 2023; 29:719-730. [PMID: 36282495 PMCID: PMC10099534 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Climatic warming has lengthened the photosynthetically active season in recent decades, thus affecting the functioning and biogeochemistry of ecosystems, the global carbon cycle and climate. Temperature response of carbon uptake phenology varies spatially and temporally, even within species, and daily total intensity of radiation may play a role. We empirically modelled the thresholds of temperature and radiation under which daily carbon uptake is constrained in the temperate and cold regions of the Northern Hemisphere, which include temperate forests, boreal forests, alpine and tundra biomes. The two-dimensionality of the temperature-radiation constraint was reduced to one single variable, θ, which represents the angle in a polar coordinate system for the temperature-radiation observations during the start and end of the growing season. We found that radiation will constrain the trend towards longer growing seasons with future warming but differently during the start and end of season and depending on the biome type and region. We revealed that radiation is a major factor limiting photosynthetic activity that constrains the phenology response to temperature during the end-of-season. In contrast, the start of the carbon uptake is overall highly sensitive to temperature but not constrained by radiation at the hemispheric scale. This study thus revealed that while at the end-of-season the phenology response to warming is constrained at the hemispheric scale, at the start-of-season the advance of spring onset may continue, even if it is at a slower pace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrià Descals
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del VallèsBarcelonaSpain
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF‐CSIC‐UABBarcelonaSpain
| | - Aleixandre Verger
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del VallèsBarcelonaSpain
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF‐CSIC‐UABBarcelonaSpain
- CIDE, CSIC‐UV‐GVValènciaSpain
| | - Gaofei Yin
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del VallèsBarcelonaSpain
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF‐CSIC‐UABBarcelonaSpain
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental EngineeringSouthwest Jiaotong UniversityChengduChina
| | - Iolanda Filella
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del VallèsBarcelonaSpain
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF‐CSIC‐UABBarcelonaSpain
| | - Yongshuo H. Fu
- College of Water SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Shilong Piao
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking UniversityBeijingChina
| | | | - Josep Peñuelas
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del VallèsBarcelonaSpain
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF‐CSIC‐UABBarcelonaSpain
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12
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Zhao F, He L, Bond-Lamberty B, Janssens IA, Wang J, Pang G, Wu Y, Xu X. Latitudinal shifts of soil microbial biomass seasonality. PNAS Nexus 2022; 1:pgac254. [PMID: 36712352 PMCID: PMC9802431 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgac254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Soil microbes ultimately drive the mineralization of soil organic carbon and thus ecosystem functions. We compiled a dataset of the seasonality of microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and developed a semi-mechanistic model to map monthly MBC across the globe. MBC exhibits an equatorially symmetric seasonality between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. In the Northern Hemisphere, MBC peaks in autumn and is minimal in spring at low latitudes (<25°N), peaks in the spring and is minimal in autumn at mid-latitudes (25°N to 50°N), while peaks in autumn and is minimal in spring at high latitudes (>50°N). This latitudinal shift of MBC seasonality is attributed to an interaction of soil temperature, soil moisture, and substrate availability. The MBC seasonality is inconsistent with patterns of heterotrophic respiration, indicating that MBC as a proxy for microbial activity is inappropriate at this resolution. This study highlights the need to explicitly represent microbial physiology in microbial models. The interactive controls of environments and substrate on microbial seasonality provide insights for better representing microbial mechanisms in simulating ecosystem functions at the seasonal scale.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Liyuan He
- To whom correspondence should be addressed:
| | - Ben Bond-Lamberty
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Joint Global Change Research Institute at the University of Maryland–College Park, College Park, MD 20740, USA
| | - Ivan A Janssens
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Jieying Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Guowei Pang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
| | - Yuwei Wu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
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13
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Xu S, Wang R, Gasser T, Ciais P, Peñuelas J, Balkanski Y, Boucher O, Janssens IA, Sardans J, Clark JH, Cao J, Xing X, Chen J, Wang L, Tang X, Zhang R. Delayed use of bioenergy crops might threaten climate and food security. Nature 2022; 609:299-306. [PMID: 36071193 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05055-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The potential of mitigation actions to limit global warming within 2 °C (ref. 1) might rely on the abundant supply of biomass for large-scale bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) that is assumed to scale up markedly in the future2-5. However, the detrimental effects of climate change on crop yields may reduce the capacity of BECCS and threaten food security6-8, thus creating an unrecognized positive feedback loop on global warming. We quantified the strength of this feedback by implementing the responses of crop yields to increases in growing-season temperature, atmospheric CO2 concentration and intensity of nitrogen (N) fertilization in a compact Earth system model9. Exceeding a threshold of climate change would cause transformative changes in social-ecological systems by jeopardizing climate stability and threatening food security. If global mitigation alongside large-scale BECCS is delayed to 2060 when global warming exceeds about 2.5 °C, then the yields of agricultural residues for BECCS would be too low to meet the Paris goal of 2 °C by 2200. This risk of failure is amplified by the sustained demand for food, leading to an expansion of cropland or intensification of N fertilization to compensate for climate-induced yield losses. Our findings thereby reinforce the urgency of early mitigation, preferably by 2040, to avoid irreversible climate change and serious food crises unless other negative-emission technologies become available in the near future to compensate for the reduced capacity of BECCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqing Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP³), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP³), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,IRDR International Center of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Atmosphere-Ocean Interaction, Shanghai, China. .,MOE Laboratory for National Development and Intelligent Governance, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Institute of Eco-Chongming (IEC), Shanghai, China.
| | - Thomas Gasser
- International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Laxenburg, Austria
| | - Philippe Ciais
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA CNRS UVSQ, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.,Climate and Atmosphere Research Center (CARE-C), The Cyprus Institute, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Spain.,CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Yves Balkanski
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA CNRS UVSQ, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Olivier Boucher
- Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace, Sorbonne Université/CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Ivan A Janssens
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Jordi Sardans
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Spain.,CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - James H Clark
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP³), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, University of York, York, UK
| | - Junji Cao
- Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofan Xing
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP³), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianmin Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP³), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,IRDR International Center of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP³), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,IRDR International Center of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Tang
- IRDR International Center of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Renhe Zhang
- IRDR International Center of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Atmosphere-Ocean Interaction, Shanghai, China.,MOE Laboratory for National Development and Intelligent Governance, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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14
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Ellsworth DS, Crous KY, De Kauwe MG, Verryckt LT, Goll D, Zaehle S, Bloomfield KJ, Ciais P, Cernusak LA, Domingues TF, Dusenge ME, Garcia S, Guerrieri R, Ishida FY, Janssens IA, Kenzo T, Ichie T, Medlyn BE, Meir P, Norby RJ, Reich PB, Rowland L, Santiago LS, Sun Y, Uddling J, Walker AP, Weerasinghe KWLK, van de Weg MJ, Zhang YB, Zhang JL, Wright IJ. Convergence in phosphorus constraints to photosynthesis in forests around the world. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5005. [PMID: 36008385 PMCID: PMC9411118 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32545-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Tropical forests take up more carbon (C) from the atmosphere per annum by photosynthesis than any other type of vegetation. Phosphorus (P) limitations to C uptake are paramount for tropical and subtropical forests around the globe. Yet the generality of photosynthesis-P relationships underlying these limitations are in question, and hence are not represented well in terrestrial biosphere models. Here we demonstrate the dependence of photosynthesis and underlying processes on both leaf N and P concentrations. The regulation of photosynthetic capacity by P was similar across four continents. Implementing P constraints in the ORCHIDEE-CNP model, gross photosynthesis was reduced by 36% across the tropics and subtropics relative to traditional N constraints and unlimiting leaf P. Our results provide a quantitative relationship for the P dependence for photosynthesis for the front-end of global terrestrial C models that is consistent with canopy leaf measurements. Phosphorus (P) limitation is pervasive in tropical forests. Here the authors analyse the dependence of photosynthesis on leaf N and P in tropical forests, and show that incorporating leaf P constraints in a terrestrial biosphere model enhances its predictive power.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Ellsworth
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia.
| | - Kristine Y Crous
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Martin G De Kauwe
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lore T Verryckt
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Daniel Goll
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE), Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, CEA/CNRS/Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines/ Université de Paris Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.,Lehrstuhl für Physische Geographie mit Schwerpunkt Klimaforschung, Universität Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Sönke Zaehle
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Philippe Ciais
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE), Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, CEA/CNRS/Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines/ Université de Paris Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Lucas A Cernusak
- Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Cairns, Australia
| | - Tomas F Domingues
- Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Depto. de Biologia, Universidade de São Paulo-Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Mirindi Eric Dusenge
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Sabrina Garcia
- National Institute of Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, Brazil
| | - Rossella Guerrieri
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - F Yoko Ishida
- Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Cairns, Australia
| | - Ivan A Janssens
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Tanaka Kenzo
- Japan International Research Centre for Agricultural Sciences, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Ichie
- Faculty of Agriculture and Marine Science, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
| | - Belinda E Medlyn
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Patrick Meir
- Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.,School of Geosciences, Edinburgh University, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Richard J Norby
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Peter B Reich
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia.,Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA.,Institute for Global Change Biology, and School for the Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, US
| | - Lucy Rowland
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Louis S Santiago
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Yan Sun
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE), Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, CEA/CNRS/Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines/ Université de Paris Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.,College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Johan Uddling
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anthony P Walker
- Environmental Sciences Division and Climate Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | | | | | - Yun-Bing Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan, China
| | - Jiao-Lin Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan, China
| | - Ian J Wright
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia.,Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
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15
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Bauters M, Grau O, Doetterl S, Heineman KD, Dalling JW, Prada CM, Griepentrog M, Malhi Y, Riutta T, Scalon M, Oliveras I, Inagawa T, Majalap N, Beeckman H, Van den Bulcke J, Perring MP, Dourdain A, Hérault B, Vermeir P, Makelele IA, Fernández PR, Sardans J, Peñuelas J, Janssens IA. Tropical wood stores substantial amounts of nutrients, but we have limited understanding why. Biotropica 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.13069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marijn Bauters
- Isotope Bioscience Laboratory – ISOFYS Department of Green Chemistry and Technology Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Ghent University Gent Belgium
- Computational and Applied Vegetation Ecology – CAVElab Department of Environment Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Ghent University Gent Belgium
- Research Group of Plants and Ecosystems (PLECO) Department of Biology University of Antwerp Wilrijk Belgium
| | - Oriol Grau
- CSIC Global Ecology Unit CREAF‐CSIC‐UAB Bellaterra Catalonia Spain
- CREAF Cerdanyola Catalonia Spain
| | - Sebastian Doetterl
- Soil Resources Department of Environmental Systems Science ETH Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Katherine D. Heineman
- Center for Plant Conservation Escondido California USA
- San Diego Zoo Institute for Conservation Research Escondido California USA
| | - James W. Dalling
- Department of Plant Biology and Program for Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology University of Illinois Urbana Illinois USA
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Balboa Ancon Panama
| | - Cecilia M. Prada
- Department of Plant Biology and Program for Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology University of Illinois Urbana Illinois USA
| | - Marco Griepentrog
- Soil Resources Department of Environmental Systems Science ETH Zurich Zurich Switzerland
- Biogeoscience Department of Earth Sciences ETH Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Yadvinder Malhi
- Environmental Change Institute School of Geography and the Environment University of Oxford Oxford UK
| | - Terhi Riutta
- Environmental Change Institute School of Geography and the Environment University of Oxford Oxford UK
| | - Marina Scalon
- Environmental Change Institute School of Geography and the Environment University of Oxford Oxford UK
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação Universidade Federal do Paraná Curitiba Brazil
| | - Imma Oliveras
- Environmental Change Institute School of Geography and the Environment University of Oxford Oxford UK
| | - Takeshi Inagawa
- Environmental Change Institute School of Geography and the Environment University of Oxford Oxford UK
| | - Noreen Majalap
- Sabah Forestry Department Forest Research Centre Sabah Malaysia
| | | | - Jan Van den Bulcke
- UGent‐Woodlab ‐ Laboratory of Wood Technology Department of Environment Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Ghent University Gent Belgium
| | - Michael P. Perring
- Forest & Nature Lab Department of Environment Ghent University Melle‐Gontrode Belgium
- Ecosystem Restoration and Intervention Ecology Research Group School of Biological Sciences The University of Western Australia Crawley Western Australia Australia
- UKCEH (UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology) Environment Centre Wales Bangor Gwynedd UK
| | - Aurélie Dourdain
- CIRAD UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane Kourou French Guiana France
| | - Bruno Hérault
- CIRAD UPR Forêts et Sociétés Yamoussoukro Côte d’Ivoire
- Forêts et Sociétés Univ Montpellier, CIRAD Montpellier France
- Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouët‐Boigny, INP‐HB Yamoussoukro Côte d’Ivoire
| | - Pieter Vermeir
- Laboratory for Chemical Analyses – LCA Department of Green Chemistry and Technology Ghent University Ghent Belgium
| | - Isaac A. Makelele
- Isotope Bioscience Laboratory – ISOFYS Department of Green Chemistry and Technology Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Ghent University Gent Belgium
| | - Pere R. Fernández
- CSIC Global Ecology Unit CREAF‐CSIC‐UAB Bellaterra Catalonia Spain
- CREAF Cerdanyola Catalonia Spain
| | - Jordi Sardans
- CSIC Global Ecology Unit CREAF‐CSIC‐UAB Bellaterra Catalonia Spain
- CREAF Cerdanyola Catalonia Spain
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CSIC Global Ecology Unit CREAF‐CSIC‐UAB Bellaterra Catalonia Spain
- CREAF Cerdanyola Catalonia Spain
| | - Ivan A. Janssens
- Research Group of Plants and Ecosystems (PLECO) Department of Biology University of Antwerp Wilrijk Belgium
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16
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Vicca S, Goll DS, Hagens M, Hartmann J, Janssens IA, Neubeck A, Peñuelas J, Poblador S, Rijnders J, Sardans J, Struyf E, Swoboda P, van Groenigen JW, Vienne A, Verbruggen E. Is the climate change mitigation effect of enhanced silicate weathering governed by biological processes? Glob Chang Biol 2022; 28:711-726. [PMID: 34773318 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A number of negative emission technologies (NETs) have been proposed to actively remove CO2 from the atmosphere, with enhanced silicate weathering (ESW) as a relatively new NET with considerable climate change mitigation potential. Models calibrated to ESW rates in lab experiments estimate the global potential for inorganic carbon sequestration by ESW at about 0.5-5 Gt CO2 year-1 , suggesting ESW could be an important component of the future NETs mix. In real soils, however, weathering rates may differ strongly from lab conditions. Research on natural weathering has shown that biota such as plants, microbes, and macro-invertebrates can strongly affect weathering rates, but biotic effects were excluded from most ESW lab assessments. Moreover, ESW may alter soil organic carbon sequestration and greenhouse gas emissions by influencing physicochemical and biological processes, which holds the potential to perpetuate even larger negative emissions. Here, we argue that it is likely that the climate change mitigation effect of ESW will be governed by biological processes, emphasizing the need to put these processes on the agenda of this emerging research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Vicca
- Plants and Ecosystems (PLECO), Biology Department, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Daniel S Goll
- CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, LSCE/IPSL, Université Paris Saclay, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Mathilde Hagens
- Soil Chemistry and Chemical Soil Quality, Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jens Hartmann
- Institute for Geology, Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ivan A Janssens
- Plants and Ecosystems (PLECO), Biology Department, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Anna Neubeck
- Department of Earth sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CSIC, Global Ecology CREAF- CSIC-UAB, Barcelona, Spain
- CREAF, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sílvia Poblador
- Plants and Ecosystems (PLECO), Biology Department, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Jet Rijnders
- Plants and Ecosystems (PLECO), Biology Department, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Jordi Sardans
- CSIC, Global Ecology CREAF- CSIC-UAB, Barcelona, Spain
- CREAF, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eric Struyf
- Plants and Ecosystems (PLECO), Biology Department, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Philipp Swoboda
- International Centre for Sustainable Development, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, Sankt Augustin, Germany
| | | | - Arthur Vienne
- Plants and Ecosystems (PLECO), Biology Department, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Erik Verbruggen
- Plants and Ecosystems (PLECO), Biology Department, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
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17
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Vallicrosa H, Sardans J, Maspons J, Zuccarini P, Fernández-Martínez M, Bauters M, Goll DS, Ciais P, Obersteiner M, Janssens IA, Peñuelas J. Global maps and factors driving forest foliar elemental composition: the importance of evolutionary history. New Phytol 2022; 233:169-181. [PMID: 34614196 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Consistent information on the current elemental composition of vegetation at global scale and the variables that determine it is lacking. To fill this gap, we gathered a total of 30 912 georeferenced records on woody plants foliar concentrations of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) from published databases, and produced global maps of foliar N, P and K concentrations for woody plants using neural networks at a resolution of 1 km2 . We used data for climate, atmospheric deposition, soil and morphoclimatic groups to train the neural networks. Foliar N, P and K do not follow clear global latitudinal patterns but are consistent with the hypothesis of soil substrate age. We additionally built generalized linear mixed models to investigate the evolutionary history effect together with the effects of environmental effects. In this comparison, evolutionary history effects explained most of the variability in all cases (mostly > 60%). These results emphasize the determinant role of evolutionary history in foliar elemental composition, which should be incorporated in upcoming dynamic global vegetation models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Vallicrosa
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Catalonia, 08913, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, 08913, Spain
| | - Jordi Sardans
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Catalonia, 08913, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, 08913, Spain
| | - Joan Maspons
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Catalonia, 08913, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, 08913, Spain
| | - Paolo Zuccarini
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Catalonia, 08913, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, 08913, Spain
| | - Marcos Fernández-Martínez
- Research Group PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, B-2610, Belgium
| | - Marijn Bauters
- Research Group PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, B-2610, Belgium
| | | | | | - Michael Obersteiner
- Ecosystems Services and Management, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Schlossplatz 1, Laxenburg, A-2361, Austria
| | - Ivan A Janssens
- Research Group PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, B-2610, Belgium
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Catalonia, 08913, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, 08913, Spain
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18
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Llusià J, Asensio D, Sardans J, Filella I, Peguero G, Grau O, Ogaya R, Gargallo-Garriga A, Verryckt LT, Van Langenhove L, Brechet LM, Courtois E, Stahl C, Janssens IA, Peñuelas J. Contrasting nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization effects on soil terpene exchanges in a tropical forest. Sci Total Environ 2022; 802:149769. [PMID: 34464786 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Production, emission, and absorption of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) in ecosystem soils and associated impacts of nutrient availability are unclear; thus, predictions of effects of global change on source-sink dynamic under increased atmospheric N deposition and nutrition imbalances are limited. Here, we report the dynamics of soil BVOCs under field conditions from two undisturbed tropical rainforests from French Guiana. We analyzed effects of experimental soil applications of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and N + P on soil BVOC exchanges (in particular of total terpenes, monoterpenes, and sesquiterpenes), to determine source and sink dynamics between seasons (dry and wet) and elevations (upper and lower elevations corresponding to top of the hills (30 m high) and bottom of the valley). We identified 45 soil terpenoids compounds emitted to the atmosphere, comprising 26 monoterpenes and 19 sesquiterpenes; of these, it was possible to identify 13 and 7 compounds, respectively. Under ambient conditions, soils acted as sinks of these BVOCs, with greatest soil uptake recorded for sesquiterpenes at upper elevations during the wet season (-282 μg m-2 h-1). Fertilization shifted soils from a sink to source, with greatest levels of terpene emissions recorded at upper elevations during the wet season, following the addition of N (monoterpenes: 406 μg m-2 h-1) and P (sesquiterpenes: 210 μg m-2 h-1). Total soil terpene emission rates were negatively correlated with total atmospheric terpene concentrations. These results indicate likely shifts in tropical soils from sink to source of atmospheric terpenes under projected increases in N deposition under global change, with potential impacts on regional-scale atmospheric chemistry balance and ecosystem function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Llusià
- CREAF, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona 08193, Catalonia, Spain; CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF- CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Dolores Asensio
- CREAF, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona 08193, Catalonia, Spain; CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF- CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jordi Sardans
- CREAF, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona 08193, Catalonia, Spain; CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF- CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Iolanda Filella
- CREAF, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona 08193, Catalonia, Spain; CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF- CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Guille Peguero
- CREAF, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona 08193, Catalonia, Spain; CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF- CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Oriol Grau
- CREAF, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona 08193, Catalonia, Spain; CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF- CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Romà Ogaya
- CREAF, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona 08193, Catalonia, Spain; CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF- CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Albert Gargallo-Garriga
- CREAF, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona 08193, Catalonia, Spain; CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF- CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Lore T Verryckt
- Department of Biology, Research Group PLECO (Plant and Ecosystems), University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Leandro Van Langenhove
- Department of Biology, Research Group PLECO (Plant and Ecosystems), University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Laëtitia M Brechet
- INRAE, UMR Ecology of Guiana Forests (Ecofog), AgroParisTech, Cirad, CNRS, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane, 97387 Kourou, French Guiana; Center of Excellence Global Change Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Elodie Courtois
- Laboratoire Ecologie, Evolution, interactions des systèmes amazoniens (LEEISA), Université de Guyane, CNRS, IFREMER, 97300 Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Clément Stahl
- INRAE, UMR Ecology of Guiana Forests (Ecofog), AgroParisTech, Cirad, CNRS, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane, 97387 Kourou, French Guiana
| | - Ivan A Janssens
- Department of Biology, Research Group PLECO (Plant and Ecosystems), University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CREAF, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona 08193, Catalonia, Spain; CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF- CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Catalonia, Spain
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19
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Geng X, Zhang Y, Fu YH, Hao F, Janssens IA, Peñuelas J, Piao S, Tang J, Wu Z, Zhang J, Zhang X, Stenseth NC. Contrasting phenology responses to climate warming across the northern extra-tropics. Fundamental Research 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2021.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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20
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Séneca J, Söllinger A, Herbold CW, Pjevac P, Prommer J, Verbruggen E, Sigurdsson BD, Peñuelas J, Janssens IA, Urich T, Tveit AT, Richter A. Increased microbial expression of organic nitrogen cycling genes in long-term warmed grassland soils. ISME Commun 2021; 1:69. [PMID: 36759732 PMCID: PMC9723740 DOI: 10.1038/s43705-021-00073-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Global warming increases soil temperatures and promotes faster growth and turnover of soil microbial communities. As microbial cell walls contain a high proportion of organic nitrogen, a higher turnover rate of microbes should also be reflected in an accelerated organic nitrogen cycling in soil. We used a metatranscriptomics and metagenomics approach to demonstrate that the relative transcription level of genes encoding enzymes involved in the extracellular depolymerization of high-molecular-weight organic nitrogen was higher in medium-term (8 years) and long-term (>50 years) warmed soils than in ambient soils. This was mainly driven by increased levels of transcripts coding for enzymes involved in the degradation of microbial cell walls and proteins. Additionally, higher transcription levels for chitin, nucleic acid, and peptidoglycan degrading enzymes were found in long-term warmed soils. We conclude that an acceleration in microbial turnover under warming is coupled to higher investments in N acquisition enzymes, particularly those involved in the breakdown and recycling of microbial residues, in comparison with ambient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Séneca
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Andrea Söllinger
- Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Craig W Herbold
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra Pjevac
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Joint Microbiome Facility of the Medical University of Vienna and the University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Judith Prommer
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Erik Verbruggen
- Research Group PLECO, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Josep Peñuelas
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF- CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Ivan A Janssens
- Research Group PLECO, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Tim Urich
- Department of Bacterial Physiology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Alexander T Tveit
- Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Andreas Richter
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
- International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria.
- Austrian Polar Research Institute, Vienna, Austria.
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21
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Peguero G, Ferrín M, Sardans J, Verbruggen E, Ramírez-Rojas I, Van Langenhove L, Verryckt LT, Murienne J, Iribar A, Zinger L, Grau O, Orivel J, Stahl C, Courtois EA, Asensio D, Gargallo-Garriga A, Llusià J, Margalef O, Ogaya R, Richter A, Janssens IA, Peñuelas J. Decay of similarity across tropical forest communities: integrating spatial distance with soil nutrients. Ecology 2021; 103:e03599. [PMID: 34816429 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms that drive the change of biotic assemblages over space and time is the main quest of community ecology. Assessing the relative importance of dispersal and environmental species selection in a range of organismic sizes and motilities has been a fruitful strategy. A consensus for whether spatial and environmental distances operate similarly across spatial scales and taxa, however, has yet to emerge. We used censuses of four major groups of organisms (soil bacteria, fungi, ground insects, and trees) at two observation scales (1-m2 sampling point vs. 2,500-m2 plots) in a topographically standardized sampling design replicated in two tropical rainforests with contrasting relationships between spatial distance and nutrient availability. We modeled the decay of assemblage similarity for each taxon set and site to assess the relative contributions of spatial distance and nutrient availability distance. Then, we evaluated the potentially structuring effect of tree composition over all other taxa. The similarity of nutrient content in the litter and topsoil had a stronger and more consistent selective effect than did dispersal limitation, particularly for bacteria, fungi, and trees at the plot level. Ground insects, the only group assessed with the capacity of active dispersal, had the highest species turnover and the flattest nonsignificant distance-decay relationship, suggesting that neither dispersal limitation nor nutrient availability were fundamental drivers of their community assembly at this scale of analysis. Only the fungal communities at one of our study sites were clearly coordinated with tree composition. The spatial distance at the smallest scale was more important than nutrient selection for the bacteria, fungi, and insects. The lower initial similarity and the moderate variation in composition identified by these distance-decay models, however, suggested that the effects of stochastic sampling were important at this smaller spatial scale. Our results highlight the importance of nutrients as one of the main environmental drivers of rainforest communities irrespective of organismic or propagule size and how the overriding effect of the analytical scale influences the interpretation, leading to the perception of greater importance of dispersal limitation and ecological drift over selection associated with environmental niches at decreasing observation scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guille Peguero
- Departament de Biologia Animal, Biologia Vegetal i Ecologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain.,CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, 08913, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Miquel Ferrín
- Departament de Biologia Animal, Biologia Vegetal i Ecologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain.,CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, 08913, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Jordi Sardans
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, 08913, Bellaterra, Spain.,CREAF, 08913, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Erik Verbruggen
- Department of Biology, Centre of Excellence PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), University of Antwerp, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Irene Ramírez-Rojas
- Department of Biology, Centre of Excellence PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), University of Antwerp, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Leandro Van Langenhove
- Department of Biology, Centre of Excellence PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), University of Antwerp, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Lore T Verryckt
- Department of Biology, Centre of Excellence PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), University of Antwerp, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Jerome Murienne
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique (UMR5174), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Amaia Iribar
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique (UMR5174), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Lucie Zinger
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Université Paris, Paris, France
| | - Oriol Grau
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, 08913, Bellaterra, Spain.,CREAF, 08913, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.,UMR EcoFoG, AgroParisTech, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane, 97310, Kourou, France
| | - Jerome Orivel
- UMR EcoFoG, AgroParisTech, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane, 97310, Kourou, France
| | - Clément Stahl
- UMR EcoFoG, AgroParisTech, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane, 97310, Kourou, France
| | - Elodie A Courtois
- Laboratoire Ecologie, évolution, Interactions des Systèmes Amazoniens (LEEISA), Université de Guyane, CNRS, IFREMER, 97300, Cayenne, France
| | - Dolores Asensio
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, 08913, Bellaterra, Spain.,CREAF, 08913, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Albert Gargallo-Garriga
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, 08913, Bellaterra, Spain.,CREAF, 08913, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Joan Llusià
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, 08913, Bellaterra, Spain.,CREAF, 08913, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Olga Margalef
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, 08913, Bellaterra, Spain.,CREAF, 08913, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Romà Ogaya
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, 08913, Bellaterra, Spain.,CREAF, 08913, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Andreas Richter
- Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ivan A Janssens
- Department of Biology, Centre of Excellence PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), University of Antwerp, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, 08913, Bellaterra, Spain.,CREAF, 08913, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
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22
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Margalef O, Sardans J, Maspons J, Molowny-Horas R, Fernández-Martínez M, Janssens IA, Richter A, Ciais P, Obersteiner M, Peñuelas J. The effect of global change on soil phosphatase activity. Glob Chang Biol 2021; 27:5989-6003. [PMID: 34383341 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Soil phosphatase enzymes are produced by plant roots and microorganisms and play a key role in the cycling of phosphorus (P), an often-limiting element in terrestrial ecosystems. The production of these enzymes in soil is the most important biological strategy for acquiring phosphate ions from organic molecules. Previous works showed how soil potential phosphatase activity is mainly driven by climatic conditions and soil nitrogen (N) and carbon. Nonetheless, future trends of the activity of these enzymes under global change remain little known. We investigated the influence of some of the main drivers of change on soil phosphatase activity using a meta-analysis of results from 97 published studies. Our database included a compilation of N and P fertilization experiments, manipulation experiments with increased atmospheric CO2 concentration, warming, and drought, and studies comparing invaded and non-invaded ecosystems. Our results indicate that N fertilization leads to higher phosphatase activity, whereas P fertilization has the opposite effect. The rise of atmospheric CO2 levels or the arrival of invasive species also exhibits positive response ratios on the activity of soil phosphatases. However, the occurrence of recurrent drought episodes decreases the activity of soil phosphatases. Our analysis did not reveal statistically significant effects of warming on soil phosphatase activity. In general, soil enzymatic changes in the reviewed experiments depended on the initial nutrient and water status of the ecosystems. The observed patterns evidence that future soil phosphatase activity will not only depend on present-day soil conditions but also on potential compensations or amplifications among the different drivers of global change. The responses of soil phosphatases to the global change drivers reported in this study and the consideration of cost-benefit approaches based on the connection of the P and N cycle will be useful for a better estimation of phosphatase production in carbon (C)-N-P models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Margalef
- RISKNAT Research Group, Department of Earth and Ocean Dynamics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Barcelona, Spain
- CREAF, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Sardans
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Barcelona, Spain
- CREAF, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Maspons
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Barcelona, Spain
- CREAF, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Marcos Fernández-Martínez
- Research Group Plants and Ecosystems (PLECO), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Ivan A Janssens
- Research Group Plants and Ecosystems (PLECO), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Andreas Richter
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Philippe Ciais
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ-Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - Josep Peñuelas
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Barcelona, Spain
- CREAF, Barcelona, Spain
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23
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Gargallo-Garriga A, Sardans J, Alrefaei AF, Klem K, Fuchslueger L, Ramírez-Rojas I, Donald J, Leroy C, Langenhove LV, Verbruggen E, Janssens IA, Urban O, Peñuelas J. Tree Species and Epiphyte Taxa Determine the " Metabolomic niche" of Canopy Suspended Soils in a Species-Rich Lowland Tropical Rainforest. Metabolites 2021; 11:718. [PMID: 34822376 PMCID: PMC8621298 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11110718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tropical forests are biodiversity hotspots, but it is not well understood how this diversity is structured and maintained. One hypothesis rests on the generation of a range of metabolic niches, with varied composition, supporting a high species diversity. Characterizing soil metabolomes can reveal fine-scale differences in composition and potentially help explain variation across these habitats. In particular, little is known about canopy soils, which are unique habitats that are likely to be sources of additional biodiversity and biogeochemical cycling in tropical forests. We studied the effects of diverse tree species and epiphytes on soil metabolomic profiles of forest floor and canopy suspended soils in a French Guianese rainforest. We found that the metabolomic profiles of canopy suspended soils were distinct from those of forest floor soils, differing between epiphyte-associated and non-epiphyte suspended soils, and the metabolomic profiles of suspended soils varied with host tree species, regardless of association with epiphyte. Thus, tree species is a key driver of rainforest suspended soil metabolomics. We found greater abundance of metabolites in suspended soils, particularly in groups associated with plants, such as phenolic compounds, and with metabolic pathways related to amino acids, nucleotides, and energy metabolism, due to the greater relative proportion of tree and epiphyte organic material derived from litter and root exudates, indicating a strong legacy of parent biological material. Our study provides evidence for the role of tree and epiphyte species in canopy soil metabolomic composition and in maintaining the high levels of soil metabolome diversity in this tropical rainforest. It is likely that a wide array of canopy microsite-level environmental conditions, which reflect interactions between trees and epiphytes, increase the microscale diversity in suspended soil metabolomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Gargallo-Garriga
- Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, CZ-60300 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.S.); (K.K.); (O.U.)
- Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Bellaterra, 08193 Catalonia, Spain;
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jordi Sardans
- Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, CZ-60300 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.S.); (K.K.); (O.U.)
- Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Bellaterra, 08193 Catalonia, Spain;
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Catalonia, Spain
| | - Abdulwahed Fahad Alrefaei
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Karel Klem
- Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, CZ-60300 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.S.); (K.K.); (O.U.)
| | - Lucia Fuchslueger
- Centre of Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, BE-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (I.R.-R.); (L.V.L.); (E.V.); (I.A.J.)
| | - Irene Ramírez-Rojas
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, BE-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (I.R.-R.); (L.V.L.); (E.V.); (I.A.J.)
| | - Julian Donald
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn TR10 9FE, UK;
| | - Celine Leroy
- AMAP, University Montpellier, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, IRD, 34000 Montpellier, France;
- ECOFOG, CNRS, CIRAD, AgroParisTech, INRAE, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane, 97310 Kourou, France
| | - Leandro Van Langenhove
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, BE-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (I.R.-R.); (L.V.L.); (E.V.); (I.A.J.)
| | - Erik Verbruggen
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, BE-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (I.R.-R.); (L.V.L.); (E.V.); (I.A.J.)
| | - Ivan A. Janssens
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, BE-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (I.R.-R.); (L.V.L.); (E.V.); (I.A.J.)
| | - Otmar Urban
- Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, CZ-60300 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.S.); (K.K.); (O.U.)
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Bellaterra, 08193 Catalonia, Spain;
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Catalonia, Spain
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24
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Wang S, Zhang Y, Ju W, Chen JM, Cescatti A, Sardans J, Janssens IA, Wu M, Berry JA, Campbell JE, Fernández-Martínez M, Alkama R, Sitch S, Smith WK, Yuan W, He W, Lombardozzi D, Kautz M, Zhu D, Lienert S, Kato E, Poulter B, Sanders TGM, Krüger I, Wang R, Zeng N, Tian H, Vuichard N, Jain AK, Wiltshire A, Goll DS, Peñuelas J. Response to Comments on "Recent global decline of CO 2 fertilization effects on vegetation photosynthesis". Science 2021; 373:eabg7484. [PMID: 34554812 DOI: 10.1126/science.abg7484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Songhan Wang
- International Institute for Earth System Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Technology, Key Laboratory for Land Satellite Remote Sensing Applications of Ministry of Natural Resources, School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yongguang Zhang
- International Institute for Earth System Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Technology, Key Laboratory for Land Satellite Remote Sensing Applications of Ministry of Natural Resources, School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.,Huangshan Park Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Weimin Ju
- International Institute for Earth System Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Technology, Key Laboratory for Land Satellite Remote Sensing Applications of Ministry of Natural Resources, School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Jing M Chen
- International Institute for Earth System Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Jordi Sardans
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra 08193, Catalonia, Spain.,CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Ivan A Janssens
- Department of Biology, Centre of Excellence PLECO (Plant and Vegetation Ecology), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Mousong Wu
- International Institute for Earth System Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Technology, Key Laboratory for Land Satellite Remote Sensing Applications of Ministry of Natural Resources, School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Joseph A Berry
- Department of Global Ecology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - J Elliott Campbell
- Department of Global Ecology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Sierra Nevada Research Institute, University of California, Merced, CA 95343, USA
| | - Marcos Fernández-Martínez
- Department of Biology, Centre of Excellence PLECO (Plant and Vegetation Ecology), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Ramdane Alkama
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy
| | - Stephen Sitch
- Department of Biology, Centre of Excellence PLECO (Plant and Vegetation Ecology), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium.,College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - William K Smith
- School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Wenping Yuan
- School of Atmospheric Sciences, Center for Monsoon and Environment Research, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei He
- International Institute for Earth System Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Technology, Key Laboratory for Land Satellite Remote Sensing Applications of Ministry of Natural Resources, School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Danica Lombardozzi
- Terrestrial Sciences Section, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Markus Kautz
- Forest Research Institute Baden-Württemberg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dan Zhu
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA CNRS UVSQ, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Sebastian Lienert
- Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, and Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Inken Krüger
- Thünen Institute of Forest Ecosystems, 16225 Eberswalde, Germany
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ning Zeng
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.,LASG, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Hanqin Tian
- International Center for Climate and Global Change Research, School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Nicolas Vuichard
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA CNRS UVSQ, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Atul K Jain
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Andy Wiltshire
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Daniel S Goll
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA CNRS UVSQ, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.,Institute of Geography, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra 08193, Catalonia, Spain.,CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Catalonia, Spain
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25
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Sardans J, Gargallo‐Garriga A, Urban O, Klem K, Holub P, Janssens IA, Walker TWN, Pesqueda A, Peñuelas J. Ecometabolomics of plant–herbivore and plant–fungi interactions: a synthesis study. Ecosphere 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Sardans
- CSIC Global Ecology Unit CREAF‐CSIC‐UAB Bellaterra Catalonia 08193 Spain
- CREAF Cerdanyola del Valles Catalonia 08193 Spain
- Global Change Research Institute Czech Academy of Sciences Bělidla 986/4a Brno CZ‐60300 Czech Republic
| | - Albert Gargallo‐Garriga
- CSIC Global Ecology Unit CREAF‐CSIC‐UAB Bellaterra Catalonia 08193 Spain
- CREAF Cerdanyola del Valles Catalonia 08193 Spain
- Global Change Research Institute Czech Academy of Sciences Bělidla 986/4a Brno CZ‐60300 Czech Republic
| | - Otmar Urban
- Global Change Research Institute Czech Academy of Sciences Bělidla 986/4a Brno CZ‐60300 Czech Republic
| | - Karel Klem
- Global Change Research Institute Czech Academy of Sciences Bělidla 986/4a Brno CZ‐60300 Czech Republic
| | - Petr Holub
- Global Change Research Institute Czech Academy of Sciences Bělidla 986/4a Brno CZ‐60300 Czech Republic
| | - Ivan A. Janssens
- Department of Biology University of Antwerp Wilrijk 2610 Belgium
| | - Tom W. N. Walker
- Department of Environmental Systems Science Institute of Integrative Biology ETH Zürich Zurich 8092 Switzerland
| | - Argus Pesqueda
- CSIC Global Ecology Unit CREAF‐CSIC‐UAB Bellaterra Catalonia 08193 Spain
- CREAF Cerdanyola del Valles Catalonia 08193 Spain
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CSIC Global Ecology Unit CREAF‐CSIC‐UAB Bellaterra Catalonia 08193 Spain
- CREAF Cerdanyola del Valles Catalonia 08193 Spain
- Global Change Research Institute Czech Academy of Sciences Bělidla 986/4a Brno CZ‐60300 Czech Republic
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26
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Xing X, Xiong Y, Yang R, Wang R, Wang W, Kan H, Lu T, Li D, Cao J, Peñuelas J, Ciais P, Bauer N, Boucher O, Balkanski Y, Hauglustaine D, Brasseur G, Morawska L, Janssens IA, Wang X, Sardans J, Wang Y, Deng Y, Wang L, Chen J, Tang X, Zhang R. Predicting the effect of confinement on the COVID-19 spread using machine learning enriched with satellite air pollution observations. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2109098118. [PMID: 34380740 PMCID: PMC8379976 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2109098118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The real-time monitoring of reductions of economic activity by containment measures and its effect on the transmission of the coronavirus (COVID-19) is a critical unanswered question. We inferred 5,642 weekly activity anomalies from the meteorology-adjusted differences in spaceborne tropospheric NO2 column concentrations after the 2020 COVID-19 outbreak relative to the baseline from 2016 to 2019. Two satellite observations reveal reincreasing economic activity associated with lifting control measures that comes together with accelerating COVID-19 cases before the winter of 2020/2021. Application of the near-real-time satellite NO2 observations produces a much better prediction of the deceleration of COVID-19 cases than applying the Oxford Government Response Tracker, the Public Health and Social Measures, or human mobility data as alternative predictors. A convergent cross-mapping suggests that economic activity reduction inferred from NO2 is a driver of case deceleration in most of the territories. This effect, however, is not linear, while further activity reductions were associated with weaker deceleration. Over the winter of 2020/2021, nearly 1 million daily COVID-19 cases could have been avoided by optimizing the timing and strength of activity reduction relative to a scenario based on the real distribution. Our study shows how satellite observations can provide surrogate data for activity reduction during the COVID-19 pandemic and monitor the effectiveness of containment to the pandemic before vaccines become widely available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Xing
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yuankang Xiong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Ruipu Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China;
- Integrated Research on Disaster Risk International Center of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Center for Urban Eco-Planning & Design, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Big Data Institute for Carbon Emission and Environmental Pollution, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Weibing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and National Health Commission, Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Haidong Kan
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and National Health Commission, Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Tun Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science, School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | | | - Junji Cao
- Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona 08193, Catalonia, Spain
- Global Ecology Unit Centro de Investigación Ecológica y Aplicaciones Forestales (CREAF)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), CSIC, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193 Catalonia, Spain
| | - Philippe Ciais
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives, CNRS, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Climate and Atmosphere Research Center, The Cyprus Institute, 2121 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Nico Bauer
- Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Leibniz Association, 14412 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Olivier Boucher
- Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 75252 Paris, France
| | - Yves Balkanski
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives, CNRS, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Didier Hauglustaine
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives, CNRS, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Guy Brasseur
- Environmental Modeling Group, Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
- Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80307
| | - Lidia Morawska
- International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia
| | - Ivan A Janssens
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, B2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Xiangrong Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Center for Urban Eco-Planning & Design, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jordi Sardans
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona 08193, Catalonia, Spain
- Global Ecology Unit Centro de Investigación Ecológica y Aplicaciones Forestales (CREAF)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), CSIC, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193 Catalonia, Spain
| | - Yijing Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yifei Deng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Integrated Research on Disaster Risk International Center of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jianmin Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Integrated Research on Disaster Risk International Center of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xu Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Integrated Research on Disaster Risk International Center of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Renhe Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Integrated Research on Disaster Risk International Center of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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27
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Urbina I, Grau O, Sardans J, Margalef O, Peguero G, Asensio D, LLusià J, Ogaya R, Gargallo‐Garriga A, Van Langenhove L, Verryckt LT, Courtois EA, Stahl C, Soong JL, Chave J, Hérault B, Janssens IA, Sayer E, Peñuelas J. High foliar K and P resorption efficiencies in old-growth tropical forests growing on nutrient-poor soils. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:8969-8982. [PMID: 34257939 PMCID: PMC8258221 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Resorption is the active withdrawal of nutrients before leaf abscission. This mechanism represents an important strategy to maintain efficient nutrient cycling; however, resorption is poorly characterized in old-growth tropical forests growing in nutrient-poor soils. We investigated nutrient resorption from leaves in 39 tree species in two tropical forests on the Guiana Shield, French Guiana, to investigate whether resorption efficiencies varied with soil nutrient, seasonality, and species traits. The stocks of P in leaves, litter, and soil were low at both sites, indicating potential P limitation of the forests. Accordingly, mean resorption efficiencies were higher for P (35.9%) and potassium (K; 44.6%) than for nitrogen (N; 10.3%). K resorption was higher in the wet (70.2%) than in the dry (41.7%) season. P resorption increased slightly with decreasing total soil P; and N and P resorptions were positively related to their foliar concentrations. We conclude that nutrient resorption is a key plant nutrition strategy in these old-growth tropical forests, that trees with high foliar nutrient concentration reabsorb more nutrient, and that nutrients resorption in leaves, except P, are quite decoupled from nutrients in the soil. Seasonality and biochemical limitation played a role in the resorption of nutrients in leaves, but species-specific requirements obscured general tendencies at stand and ecosystem level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ifigenia Urbina
- CREAFCentre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacions ForestalsBellaterraSpain
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasGlobal Ecology UnitUniversidad Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
| | - Oriol Grau
- CREAFCentre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacions ForestalsBellaterraSpain
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasGlobal Ecology UnitUniversidad Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
- CIRADUMR EcoFoG (AgroParisTech, CNRS, INRA, Univ Antilles, Univ. Guyane)KourouFrench Guiana
| | - Jordi Sardans
- CREAFCentre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacions ForestalsBellaterraSpain
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasGlobal Ecology UnitUniversidad Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
| | - Olga Margalef
- CREAFCentre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacions ForestalsBellaterraSpain
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasGlobal Ecology UnitUniversidad Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
| | - Guillermo Peguero
- CREAFCentre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacions ForestalsBellaterraSpain
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasGlobal Ecology UnitUniversidad Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
| | - Dolores Asensio
- CREAFCentre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacions ForestalsBellaterraSpain
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasGlobal Ecology UnitUniversidad Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
| | - Joan LLusià
- CREAFCentre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacions ForestalsBellaterraSpain
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasGlobal Ecology UnitUniversidad Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
| | - Romà Ogaya
- CREAFCentre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacions ForestalsBellaterraSpain
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasGlobal Ecology UnitUniversidad Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
| | - Albert Gargallo‐Garriga
- CREAFCentre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacions ForestalsBellaterraSpain
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasGlobal Ecology UnitUniversidad Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
| | - Leandro Van Langenhove
- Department of BiologyCentre of Excellence PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems)University of AntwerpWilrijkBelgium
| | - Lore T. Verryckt
- Department of BiologyCentre of Excellence PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems)University of AntwerpWilrijkBelgium
| | - Elodie A. Courtois
- CIRADUMR EcoFoG (AgroParisTech, CNRS, INRA, Univ Antilles, Univ. Guyane)KourouFrench Guiana
| | - Clément Stahl
- CIRADUMR EcoFoG (AgroParisTech, CNRS, INRA, Univ Antilles, Univ. Guyane)KourouFrench Guiana
| | - Jennifer L. Soong
- Climate and Ecosystem Science DivisionLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCAUSA
| | - Jerome Chave
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité BiologiqueUMR5174CNRS–Université Paul Sabatier–IRDToulouse cedex 9France
| | - Bruno Hérault
- Cirad, UR Forêts & SociétésUniversité de MontpellierMontpellierFrance
- Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouët‐Boigny (INP‐HB)YamoussoukroIvory Coast
| | - Ivan A. Janssens
- Department of BiologyCentre of Excellence PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems)University of AntwerpWilrijkBelgium
| | - Emma Sayer
- Lancaster Environment CentreLancaster UniversityLancasterUK
- Smithsonian Tropical Research InstitutePanamaRepublic of Panama
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CREAFCentre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacions ForestalsBellaterraSpain
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasGlobal Ecology UnitUniversidad Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
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28
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Bréchet LM, Daniel W, Stahl C, Burban B, Goret JY, Salomόn RL, Janssens IA. Simultaneous tree stem and soil greenhouse gas (CO 2 , CH 4 , N 2 O) flux measurements: a novel design for continuous monitoring towards improving flux estimates and temporal resolution. New Phytol 2021; 230:2487-2500. [PMID: 33738819 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Tree stems and soils can act as sources and sinks for the greenhouse gases (GHG) carbon dioxide (CO2 ), methane (CH4 ), and nitrous oxide (N2 O). Since both uptake and emission capacities can be large, especially in tropical rainforests, accurate assessments of the magnitudes and temporal variations of stem and soil GHG fluxes are required. We designed a new flexible stem chamber system for continuously measuring GHG fluxes in a French Guianese rainforest. Here, we describe this new system, which is connected to an automated soil GHG flux system, and discuss measurement uncertainty and potential error sources. In line with findings for soil GHG flux estimates, we demonstrated that lengthening the stem chamber closure time was required for accurate estimates of tree stem CH4 and N2 O flux but not tree stem CO2 flux. The instrumented stem was a net source of CO2 and CH4 and a weak sink of N2 O. Our experimental setup operated successfully in situ and provided continuous tree and soil GHG measurements at a high temporal resolution over an 11-month period. This automated system is a major step forward in the measurement of GHG fluxes in stems and the atmosphere concurrently with soil GHG fluxes in tropical forest ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laëtitia M Bréchet
- Center of Excellence Global Change Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk, 2610, Belgium
- INRAE, UMR EcoFoG, CNRS, CIRAD, AgroParisTech, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane, Kourou, 97310, France
| | - Warren Daniel
- Center of Excellence Global Change Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk, 2610, Belgium
- INRAE, UMR EcoFoG, CNRS, CIRAD, AgroParisTech, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane, Kourou, 97310, France
| | - Clément Stahl
- INRAE, UMR EcoFoG, CNRS, CIRAD, AgroParisTech, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane, Kourou, 97310, France
| | - Benoît Burban
- INRAE, UMR EcoFoG, CNRS, CIRAD, AgroParisTech, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane, Kourou, 97310, France
| | - Jean-Yves Goret
- INRAE, UMR EcoFoG, CNRS, CIRAD, AgroParisTech, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane, Kourou, 97310, France
| | - Roberto L Salomόn
- Laboratory of Plant Ecology, Department of Applied Ecology and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
- Grupo de Investigación Sistemas Naturales e Historia Forestal, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Ivan A Janssens
- Center of Excellence Global Change Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk, 2610, Belgium
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29
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Xing X, Wang R, Bauer N, Ciais P, Cao J, Chen J, Tang X, Wang L, Yang X, Boucher O, Goll D, Peñuelas J, Janssens IA, Balkanski Y, Clark J, Ma J, Pan B, Zhang S, Ye X, Wang Y, Li Q, Luo G, Shen G, Li W, Yang Y, Xu S. Spatially explicit analysis identifies significant potential for bioenergy with carbon capture and storage in China. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3159. [PMID: 34039971 PMCID: PMC8154910 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23282-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
As China ramped-up coal power capacities rapidly while CO2 emissions need to decline, these capacities would turn into stranded assets. To deal with this risk, a promising option is to retrofit these capacities to co-fire with biomass and eventually upgrade to CCS operation (BECCS), but the feasibility is debated with respect to negative impacts on broader sustainability issues. Here we present a data-rich spatially explicit approach to estimate the marginal cost curve for decarbonizing the power sector in China with BECCS. We identify a potential of 222 GW of power capacities in 2836 counties generated by co-firing 0.9 Gt of biomass from the same county, with half being agricultural residues. Our spatially explicit method helps to reduce uncertainty in the economic costs and emissions of BECCS, identify the best opportunities for bioenergy and show the limitations by logistical challenges to achieve carbon neutrality in the power sector with large-scale BECCS in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Xing
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- IRDR International Center of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health (WECEIPHE), Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Center for Urban Eco-Planning and Design, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Big Data Institute for Carbon Emission and Environmental Pollution, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, China.
| | - Nico Bauer
- Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), Member of the Leibniz Association, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Philippe Ciais
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA CNRS UVSQ, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Climate and Atmosphere Research Center (CARE-C) The Cyprus Institute 20 Konstantinou Kavafi Street, 2121, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Junji Cao
- Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianmin Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- IRDR International Center of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health (WECEIPHE), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- IRDR International Center of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health (WECEIPHE), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Olivier Boucher
- Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace, Sorbonne Université/CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Daniel Goll
- Lehrstuhl für Physische Geographie mit Schwerpunkt Klimaforschung, Universität Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Ivan A Janssens
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Yves Balkanski
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA CNRS UVSQ, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - James Clark
- Department of Chemistry, Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, The University of York, York, UK
| | - Jianmin Ma
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Pan
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Shicheng Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingnan Ye
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yutao Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Luo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guofeng Shen
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yechen Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Siqing Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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30
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Fernández-Martínez M, Preece C, Corbera J, Cano O, Garcia-Porta J, Sardans J, Janssens IA, Sabater F, Peñuelas J. Bryophyte C:N:P stoichiometry, biogeochemical niches and elementome plasticity driven by environment and coexistence. Ecol Lett 2021; 24:1375-1386. [PMID: 33894025 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Ecological stoichiometry and studies of biogeochemical niches have mainly focused on plankton and vascular plants, but the phenotypically closest modern relatives of early plants, bryophytes, have been largely neglected. We analysed C:N:P stoichiometries and elemental compositions (K, Na, Mg, Ca, S, Fe) of 35 widely distributed bryophyte species inhabiting springs. We estimated bryophyte C:N:P ratios and their biogeochemical niches, investigated how elementomes respond to the environment and determined whether they tend to diverge more for coexisting than non-coexisting individuals and species. The median C:N:P was 145:8:1, intermediate between Redfield's ratio for marine plankton and those for vascular plants. Biogeochemical niches were differentiated amongst species and were phylogenetically conserved. Differences in individual and species-specific elementomes increased with coexistence between species. Our results provide an evolutionary bridge between the ecological stoichiometries of algae and vascular plants and suggest that differences in elementomes could be used to understand community assemblages and functional diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Fernández-Martínez
- Research group PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium.,Delegació de la Serralada Litoral Central, ICHN, Mataró, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Catherine Preece
- Research group PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium.,CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,CSIC, Global Ecology Unit, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jordi Corbera
- Delegació de la Serralada Litoral Central, ICHN, Mataró, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Oriol Cano
- Department of Ecology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Joan Garcia-Porta
- Department of Biology, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jordi Sardans
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,CSIC, Global Ecology Unit, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Ivan A Janssens
- Research group PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Francesc Sabater
- Delegació de la Serralada Litoral Central, ICHN, Mataró, Catalonia, Spain.,Department of Ecology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,CSIC, Global Ecology Unit, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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31
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Niu B, Zhang X, Piao S, Janssens IA, Fu G, He Y, Zhang Y, Shi P, Dai E, Yu C, Zhang J, Yu G, Xu M, Wu J, Zhu L, Desai AR, Chen J, Bohrer G, Gough CM, Mammarella I, Varlagin A, Fares S, Zhao X, Li Y, Wang H, Ouyang Z. Warming homogenizes apparent temperature sensitivity of ecosystem respiration. Sci Adv 2021; 7:7/15/eabc7358. [PMID: 33837072 PMCID: PMC8034862 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc7358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Warming-induced carbon loss through terrestrial ecosystem respiration (Re) is likely getting stronger in high latitudes and cold regions because of the more rapid warming and higher temperature sensitivity of Re (Q 10). However, it is not known whether the spatial relationship between Q 10 and temperature also holds temporally under a future warmer climate. Here, we analyzed apparent Q 10 values derived from multiyear observations at 74 FLUXNET sites spanning diverse climates and biomes. We found warming-induced decline in Q 10 is stronger at colder regions than other locations, which is consistent with a meta-analysis of 54 field warming experiments across the globe. We predict future warming will shrink the global variability of Q 10 values to an average of 1.44 across the globe under a high emission trajectory (RCP 8.5) by the end of the century. Therefore, warming-induced carbon loss may be less than previously assumed because of Q 10 homogenization in a warming world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Niu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xianzhou Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Shilong Piao
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Ivan A Janssens
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerpen, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk B-2610, Belgium
| | - Gang Fu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yongtao He
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yangjian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Peili Shi
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Erfu Dai
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Chengqun Yu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Guirui Yu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jianshuang Wu
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081 Beijing, China
| | - Liping Zhu
- Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Ankur R Desai
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Jiquan Chen
- Department of Geography, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA
| | - Gil Bohrer
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Geodetic Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Christopher M Gough
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284-2012, USA
| | - Ivan Mammarella
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 68, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
| | - Andrej Varlagin
- A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Silvano Fares
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of BioEconomy, Via dei Taurini 19, 00100 Rome, Italy
| | - Xinquan Zhao
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810001, China
| | - Yingnian Li
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810001, China
| | - Huiming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhu Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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32
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Zhao H, Fu YH, Wang X, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Janssens IA. Diverging models introduce large uncertainty in future climate warming impact on spring phenology of temperate deciduous trees. Sci Total Environ 2021; 757:143903. [PMID: 33316528 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Spring phenology influences terrestrial ecosystem carbon, water and energy exchanges between the biosphere and atmosphere. Accurate prediction of spring phenology is therefore a prerequisite to foresee the impacts of climate warming on terrestrial ecosystems. In the present study, we studied the model performance of four widely used process-based models of spring leaf unfolding, including both a one-phase model (not considering a chilling phase: the Thermal Time model) and three two-phase models (all accounting for a required chilling period: the Parallel model, the Sequential model, the Unified model). Models were tested on five deciduous tree species occurring across Europe. We specifically investigated the divergence of their phenology predictions under future climate warming scenarios and studied the differences in the chilling periods. We found that, in general, the two-phase models performed slightly better than the one-phase model when fitting to the observed data, with all two-phase models performing similarly. However, leaf unfolding projections diverged substantially among the two-phase models over the period 2070-2100. Furthermore, we found that the modeled end dates of the chilling periods in these models also diverged, with advances for both the Sequential and Parallel models during the period 2070-2100 (compared to the period 1980-2010), and delays in the Unified model. These findings thus highlight large uncertainty in the two-phase phenology models and confirm that the mechanism underlying the leaf unfolding process is not yet understood. We therefore urgently need an improved understanding of the leaf unfolding process in order to improve the representation of phenology in terrestrial ecosystem models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfang Zhao
- Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yongshuo H Fu
- Centre of Excellence PLECO (Plant and Vegetation Ecology), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xuhui Wang
- Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yongwen Liu
- Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ivan A Janssens
- Centre of Excellence PLECO (Plant and Vegetation Ecology), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
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33
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Van Langenhove L, Depaepe T, Verryckt LT, Fuchslueger L, Donald J, Leroy C, Krishna Moorthy SM, Gargallo-Garriga A, Ellwood MDF, Verbeeck H, Van Der Straeten D, Peñuelas J, Janssens IA. Comparable canopy and soil free-living nitrogen fixation rates in a lowland tropical forest. Sci Total Environ 2021; 754:142202. [PMID: 33254844 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is a fundamental part of nitrogen cycling in tropical forests, yet little is known about the contribution made by free-living nitrogen fixers inhabiting the often-extensive forest canopy. We used the acetylene reduction assay, calibrated with 15N2, to measure free-living BNF on forest canopy leaves, vascular epiphytes, bryophytes and canopy soil, as well as on the forest floor in leaf litter and soil. We used a combination of calculated and published component densities to upscale free-living BNF rates to the forest level. We found that bryophytes and leaves situated in the canopy in particular displayed high mass-based rates of free-living BNF. Additionally, we calculated that nearly 2 kg of nitrogen enters the forest ecosystem through free-living BNF every year, 40% of which was fixed by the various canopy components. Our results reveal that in the studied tropical lowland forest a large part of the nitrogen input through free-living BNF stems from the canopy, but also that the total nitrogen inputs by free-living BNF are lower than previously thought and comparable to the inputs of reactive nitrogen by atmospheric deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Van Langenhove
- Research group Plants and Ecosystem (PLECO), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Thomas Depaepe
- Laboratory of Functional Plant Biology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lore T Verryckt
- Research group Plants and Ecosystem (PLECO), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Lucia Fuchslueger
- Research group Plants and Ecosystem (PLECO), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; Division of Terrestrial Ecosystem Research, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julian Donald
- CNRS, IRD, UMR 5174 Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Université Toulouse, 3 Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Celine Leroy
- AMAP, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, IRD, Montpellier, France; UMR EcoFoG, CNRS, CIRAD, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane, 97310 Kourou, France
| | - Sruthi M Krishna Moorthy
- Computational and Applied Vegetation Ecology, Department of Environment, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Albert Gargallo-Garriga
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain; CREAF, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain; Global Change Research Institute, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Belidla 986/4a, CZ-60300 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - M D Farnon Ellwood
- Centre for Research in Biosciences, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK
| | - Hans Verbeeck
- Computational and Applied Vegetation Ecology, Department of Environment, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Josep Peñuelas
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain; CREAF, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Ivan A Janssens
- Research group Plants and Ecosystem (PLECO), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
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34
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Sardans J, Vallicrosa H, Zuccarini P, Farré-Armengol G, Fernández-Martínez M, Peguero G, Gargallo-Garriga A, Ciais P, Janssens IA, Obersteiner M, Richter A, Peñuelas J. Empirical support for the biogeochemical niche hypothesis in forest trees. Nat Ecol Evol 2021; 5:184-194. [PMID: 33398105 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-020-01348-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The possibility of using the elemental compositions of species as a tool to identify species/genotype niche remains to be tested at a global scale. We investigated relationships between the foliar elemental compositions (elementomes) of trees at a global scale with phylogeny, climate, N deposition and soil traits. We analysed foliar N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S concentrations in 23,962 trees of 227 species. Shared ancestry explained 60-94% of the total variance in foliar nutrient concentrations and ratios whereas current climate, atmospheric N deposition and soil type together explained 1-7%, consistent with the biogeochemical niche hypothesis which predicts that each species will have a specific need for and use of each bio-element. The remaining variance was explained by the avoidance of nutritional competition with other species and natural variability within species. The biogeochemical niche hypothesis is thus able to quantify species-specific tree niches and their shifts in response to environmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Sardans
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CEAB-UAB, Bellaterra, Spain. .,CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
| | - Helena Vallicrosa
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CEAB-UAB, Bellaterra, Spain.,CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Paolo Zuccarini
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CEAB-UAB, Bellaterra, Spain.,CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Gerard Farré-Armengol
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CEAB-UAB, Bellaterra, Spain.,CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | | | - Guille Peguero
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CEAB-UAB, Bellaterra, Spain.,CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Albert Gargallo-Garriga
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CEAB-UAB, Bellaterra, Spain.,CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Philippe Ciais
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, IPSL, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Ivan A Janssens
- PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Michael Obersteiner
- International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Ecosystems Services and Management, Laxenburg, Austria
| | - Andreas Richter
- Terrestrial Ecosystem Research, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CEAB-UAB, Bellaterra, Spain.,CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
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35
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Migliavacca M, Musavi T, Mahecha MD, Nelson JA, Knauer J, Baldocchi DD, Perez-Priego O, Christiansen R, Peters J, Anderson K, Bahn M, Black TA, Blanken PD, Bonal D, Buchmann N, Caldararu S, Carrara A, Carvalhais N, Cescatti A, Chen J, Cleverly J, Cremonese E, Desai AR, El-Madany TS, Farella MM, Fernández-Martínez M, Filippa G, Forkel M, Galvagno M, Gomarasca U, Gough CM, Göckede M, Ibrom A, Ikawa H, Janssens IA, Jung M, Kattge J, Keenan TF, Knohl A, Kobayashi H, Kraemer G, Law BE, Liddell MJ, Ma X, Mammarella I, Martini D, Macfarlane C, Matteucci G, Montagnani L, Pabon-Moreno DE, Panigada C, Papale D, Pendall E, Penuelas J, Phillips RP, Reich PB, Rossini M, Rotenberg E, Scott RL, Stahl C, Weber U, Wohlfahrt G, Wolf S, Wright IJ, Yakir D, Zaehle S, Reichstein M. The three major axes of terrestrial ecosystem function. Nature 2021; 598:468-472. [PMID: 34552242 PMCID: PMC8528706 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03939-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The leaf economics spectrum1,2 and the global spectrum of plant forms and functions3 revealed fundamental axes of variation in plant traits, which represent different ecological strategies that are shaped by the evolutionary development of plant species2. Ecosystem functions depend on environmental conditions and the traits of species that comprise the ecological communities4. However, the axes of variation of ecosystem functions are largely unknown, which limits our understanding of how ecosystems respond as a whole to anthropogenic drivers, climate and environmental variability4,5. Here we derive a set of ecosystem functions6 from a dataset of surface gas exchange measurements across major terrestrial biomes. We find that most of the variability within ecosystem functions (71.8%) is captured by three key axes. The first axis reflects maximum ecosystem productivity and is mostly explained by vegetation structure. The second axis reflects ecosystem water-use strategies and is jointly explained by variation in vegetation height and climate. The third axis, which represents ecosystem carbon-use efficiency, features a gradient related to aridity, and is explained primarily by variation in vegetation structure. We show that two state-of-the-art land surface models reproduce the first and most important axis of ecosystem functions. However, the models tend to simulate more strongly correlated functions than those observed, which limits their ability to accurately predict the full range of responses to environmental changes in carbon, water and energy cycling in terrestrial ecosystems7,8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirco Migliavacca
- grid.419500.90000 0004 0491 7318Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany ,grid.9647.c0000 0004 7669 9786German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Germany ,grid.434554.70000 0004 1758 4137Present Address: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy
| | - Talie Musavi
- grid.419500.90000 0004 0491 7318Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
| | - Miguel D. Mahecha
- grid.419500.90000 0004 0491 7318Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany ,grid.9647.c0000 0004 7669 9786German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Germany ,grid.9647.c0000 0004 7669 9786Remote Sensing Center for Earth System Research, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany ,grid.7492.80000 0004 0492 3830Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jacob A. Nelson
- grid.419500.90000 0004 0491 7318Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
| | - Jürgen Knauer
- grid.492990.f0000 0004 0402 7163CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory Australia ,grid.1029.a0000 0000 9939 5719Present Address: Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales Australia
| | - Dennis D. Baldocchi
- grid.47840.3f0000 0001 2181 7878Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - Oscar Perez-Priego
- grid.411901.c0000 0001 2183 9102Department of Forest Engineering, ERSAF Research Group, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Rune Christiansen
- grid.5254.60000 0001 0674 042XDepartment of Mathematical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jonas Peters
- grid.5254.60000 0001 0674 042XDepartment of Mathematical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karen Anderson
- grid.8391.30000 0004 1936 8024Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, UK
| | - Michael Bahn
- grid.5771.40000 0001 2151 8122Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - T. Andrew Black
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, Vancouver, British Columbia Canada
| | - Peter D. Blanken
- grid.266190.a0000000096214564Department of Geography, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO USA
| | - Damien Bonal
- grid.29172.3f0000 0001 2194 6418Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR Silva, Nancy, France
| | - Nina Buchmann
- grid.5801.c0000 0001 2156 2780Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Caldararu
- grid.419500.90000 0004 0491 7318Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
| | - Arnaud Carrara
- grid.17095.3a0000 0000 8717 7992Fundación Centro de Estudios Ambientales del Mediterráneo (CEAM), Paterna, Spain
| | - Nuno Carvalhais
- grid.419500.90000 0004 0491 7318Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany ,grid.10772.330000000121511713Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia do Ambiente, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Alessandro Cescatti
- grid.434554.70000 0004 1758 4137European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy
| | - Jiquan Chen
- grid.17088.360000 0001 2150 1785Landscape Ecology & Ecosystem Science (LEES) Lab, Center for Global Change and Earth Observations, and Department of Geography, Environmental and Spatial Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA
| | - Jamie Cleverly
- grid.117476.20000 0004 1936 7611School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales Australia ,grid.1011.10000 0004 0474 1797Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland Australia
| | - Edoardo Cremonese
- Climate Change Unit, Environmental Protection Agency of Aosta Valley, Aosta, Italy
| | - Ankur R. Desai
- grid.14003.360000 0001 2167 3675Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA
| | - Tarek S. El-Madany
- grid.419500.90000 0004 0491 7318Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
| | - Martha M. Farella
- grid.411377.70000 0001 0790 959XO’Neill School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN USA
| | - Marcos Fernández-Martínez
- grid.5284.b0000 0001 0790 3681Research Group Plant and Ecosystems (PLECO), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Gianluca Filippa
- Climate Change Unit, Environmental Protection Agency of Aosta Valley, Aosta, Italy
| | - Matthias Forkel
- grid.4488.00000 0001 2111 7257Institute of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Marta Galvagno
- Climate Change Unit, Environmental Protection Agency of Aosta Valley, Aosta, Italy
| | - Ulisse Gomarasca
- grid.419500.90000 0004 0491 7318Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
| | - Christopher M. Gough
- grid.224260.00000 0004 0458 8737Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA USA
| | - Mathias Göckede
- grid.419500.90000 0004 0491 7318Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
| | - Andreas Ibrom
- grid.5170.30000 0001 2181 8870Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Hiroki Ikawa
- grid.416835.d0000 0001 2222 0432Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Ivan A. Janssens
- grid.5284.b0000 0001 0790 3681Research Group Plant and Ecosystems (PLECO), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Martin Jung
- grid.419500.90000 0004 0491 7318Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
| | - Jens Kattge
- grid.419500.90000 0004 0491 7318Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany ,grid.9647.c0000 0004 7669 9786German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Germany
| | - Trevor F. Keenan
- grid.47840.3f0000 0001 2181 7878Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA ,grid.184769.50000 0001 2231 4551Earth and Environmental Science Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - Alexander Knohl
- grid.7450.60000 0001 2364 4210Bioclimatology, Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest Ecology, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany ,grid.7450.60000 0001 2364 4210Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use (CBL), University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Hideki Kobayashi
- grid.410588.00000 0001 2191 0132Research Institute for Global Change, Institute of Arctic Climate and Environment Research, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokohama, Japan
| | - Guido Kraemer
- grid.9647.c0000 0004 7669 9786Remote Sensing Center for Earth System Research, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany ,grid.5338.d0000 0001 2173 938XImage Processing Laboratory (IPL), Universitat de València, València, Spain
| | - Beverly E. Law
- grid.4391.f0000 0001 2112 1969Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR USA
| | - Michael J. Liddell
- grid.1011.10000 0004 0474 1797Centre for Tropical, Environmental, and Sustainability Sciences, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland Australia
| | - Xuanlong Ma
- grid.32566.340000 0000 8571 0482College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ivan Mammarella
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - David Martini
- grid.419500.90000 0004 0491 7318Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
| | - Craig Macfarlane
- grid.469914.70000 0004 0385 5215CSIRO Land and Water, Floreat, Western Australia Australia
| | - Giorgio Matteucci
- grid.5326.20000 0001 1940 4177Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per la BioEconomia (CNR – IBE), Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Leonardo Montagnani
- grid.34988.3e0000 0001 1482 2038Facoltà di Scienze e Tecnologie, Libera Universita’ di Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy ,Forest Services of the Autonomous Province of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | | | - Cinzia Panigada
- grid.7563.70000 0001 2174 1754Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT), University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Dario Papale
- grid.12597.380000 0001 2298 9743Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-Food and Forest Systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Elise Pendall
- grid.1029.a0000 0000 9939 5719Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales Australia
| | - Josep Penuelas
- grid.4711.30000 0001 2183 4846CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Barcelona, Spain ,grid.452388.00000 0001 0722 403XCREAF, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Richard P. Phillips
- grid.411377.70000 0001 0790 959XDepartment of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN USA
| | - Peter B. Reich
- grid.1029.a0000 0000 9939 5719Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales Australia ,grid.17635.360000000419368657Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN USA ,grid.214458.e0000000086837370Institute for Global Change Biology and School for Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Micol Rossini
- grid.7563.70000 0001 2174 1754Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT), University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Eyal Rotenberg
- grid.13992.300000 0004 0604 7563Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Russell L. Scott
- grid.463419.d0000 0001 0946 3608Southwest Watershed Research Center, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Tucson, AZ USA
| | - Clement Stahl
- INRAE, UMR EcoFoG, CNRS, Cirad, AgroParisTech, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane, Kourou, France
| | - Ulrich Weber
- grid.419500.90000 0004 0491 7318Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
| | - Georg Wohlfahrt
- grid.5771.40000 0001 2151 8122Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sebastian Wolf
- grid.5801.c0000 0001 2156 2780Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ian J. Wright
- grid.1029.a0000 0000 9939 5719Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales Australia ,grid.1004.50000 0001 2158 5405Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales Australia
| | - Dan Yakir
- grid.13992.300000 0004 0604 7563Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sönke Zaehle
- grid.419500.90000 0004 0491 7318Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
| | - Markus Reichstein
- grid.419500.90000 0004 0491 7318Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany ,grid.9647.c0000 0004 7669 9786German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Germany ,grid.9613.d0000 0001 1939 2794Michael-Stifel-Center Jena for Data-driven and Simulation Science, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Jena, Germany
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36
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Wang S, Zhang Y, Ju W, Chen JM, Ciais P, Cescatti A, Sardans J, Janssens IA, Wu M, Berry JA, Campbell E, Fernández-Martínez M, Alkama R, Sitch S, Friedlingstein P, Smith WK, Yuan W, He W, Lombardozzi D, Kautz M, Zhu D, Lienert S, Kato E, Poulter B, Sanders TGM, Krüger I, Wang R, Zeng N, Tian H, Vuichard N, Jain AK, Wiltshire A, Haverd V, Goll DS, Peñuelas J. Recent global decline of CO
2
fertilization effects on vegetation photosynthesis. Science 2020; 370:1295-1300. [DOI: 10.1126/science.abb7772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Songhan Wang
- International Institute for Earth System Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Technology, Key Laboratory for Land Satellite Remote Sensing Applications of Ministry of Natural Resources, School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yongguang Zhang
- International Institute for Earth System Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Technology, Key Laboratory for Land Satellite Remote Sensing Applications of Ministry of Natural Resources, School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
- Huangshan Park Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education, Huangshan, China
| | - Weimin Ju
- International Institute for Earth System Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Technology, Key Laboratory for Land Satellite Remote Sensing Applications of Ministry of Natural Resources, School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Jing M. Chen
- International Institute for Earth System Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
- Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Philippe Ciais
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement, CEA CNRS UVSQ, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - Jordi Sardans
- CSIC, Global ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra 08193, Catalonia, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Ivan A. Janssens
- Department of Biology, Centre of Excellence PLECO (Plant and Vegetation Ecology), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Mousong Wu
- International Institute for Earth System Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Technology, Key Laboratory for Land Satellite Remote Sensing Applications of Ministry of Natural Resources, School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Joseph A. Berry
- Department of Global Ecology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Elliott Campbell
- Sierra Nevada Research Institute, University of California, Merced, CA 95343, USA
| | - Marcos Fernández-Martínez
- Department of Biology, Centre of Excellence PLECO (Plant and Vegetation Ecology), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Ramdane Alkama
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy
| | - Stephen Sitch
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Pierre Friedlingstein
- College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - William K. Smith
- School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Wenping Yuan
- School of Atmospheric Sciences, Center for Monsoon and Environment Research, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei He
- International Institute for Earth System Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Technology, Key Laboratory for Land Satellite Remote Sensing Applications of Ministry of Natural Resources, School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Danica Lombardozzi
- Terrestrial Sciences Section, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Markus Kautz
- Forest Research Institute Baden-Württemberg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dan Zhu
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement, CEA CNRS UVSQ, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Sebastian Lienert
- Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, and Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Tanja G. M. Sanders
- Thünen Institute of Forest Ecosystems, Alfred-Möller-Str. 1, 16225 Eberswalde, Germany
| | - Inken Krüger
- Thünen Institute of Forest Ecosystems, Alfred-Möller-Str. 1, 16225 Eberswalde, Germany
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Ning Zeng
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- LASG, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Hanqin Tian
- International Center for Climate and Global Change Research, School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Nicolas Vuichard
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement, CEA CNRS UVSQ, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Atul K. Jain
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Illinois, 105 South Gregory Street, Urbana, IL 61801-3070, USA
| | - Andy Wiltshire
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Vanessa Haverd
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Daniel S. Goll
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement, CEA CNRS UVSQ, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Institute of Geography, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CSIC, Global ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra 08193, Catalonia, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Catalonia, Spain
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37
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Fernández-Martínez M, Sardans J, Musavi T, Migliavacca M, Iturrate-Garcia M, Scholes RJ, Peñuelas J, Janssens IA. The role of climate, foliar stoichiometry and plant diversity on ecosystem carbon balance. Glob Chang Biol 2020; 26:7067-7078. [PMID: 33090630 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Global change is affecting terrestrial carbon (C) balances. The effect of climate on ecosystem C balance has been largely explored, but the roles of other concurrently changing factors, such as diversity and nutrient availability, remain elusive. We used eddy-covariance C-flux measurements from 62 ecosystems from which we compiled information on climate, ecosystem type, stand age, species abundance and foliar concentrations of N and P of the main species, to assess their importance in the ecosystem C balance. Climate and productivity were the main determinants of ecosystem C balance and its stability. In P-rich sites, increasing N was related to increased gross primary production and respiration and vice versa, but reduced net C uptake. Our analyses did not provide evidence for a strong relation between ecosystem diversity and their productivity and stability. Nonetheless, these results suggest that nutrient imbalances and, potentially, diversity loss may alter future global C balance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jordi Sardans
- Global Ecology Unit, CSIC, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Spain
- CREAF, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Talie Musavi
- Department Biogeochemical Integration, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
| | - Mirco Migliavacca
- Department Biogeochemical Integration, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
| | - Maitane Iturrate-Garcia
- Department of Chemical and Biological Metrology, Federal Institute of Metrology, Bern-Wabern, Switzerland
| | - Robert J Scholes
- Global Change Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- Global Ecology Unit, CSIC, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Spain
- CREAF, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Ivan A Janssens
- PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
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Descals A, Verger A, Filella I, Baldocchi D, Janssens IA, Fu YH, Piao S, Peaucelle M, Ciais P, Peñuelas J. Soil thawing regulates the spring growth onset in tundra and alpine biomes. Sci Total Environ 2020; 742:140637. [PMID: 32721746 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Soil temperature remains isothermal at 0 °C and water shifts to a liquid phase during soil thawing. Vegetation may receive this process as a signal and a key to restore physiological activity. We aimed to show the relationship between the timing of soil thawing and the spring growth onset. We estimated the delay between the soil thawing and the spring growth onset in 78 sites of the FLUXNET network. We built a soil thawing map derived from modeling for the northern hemisphere and related it to the greenness onset estimated with satellite imagery. Spring onset estimated with GPP time series occurred shortly after soil surface thawing in tundra (1.1 ± 3.5 days) and alpine grasslands (16.6 ± 5.8 days). The association was weaker for deciduous forests (40.3 ± 4.2 days), especially where soils freeze infrequently. Needleleaved forests tended to start the growing season before the end of thawing (-17.4 ± 3.6 days), although observations from remote sensing (MODIS Land Cover Dynamics) indicated that the onset of greenness started after the thawing period (26.8 ± 3.2 days). This study highlights the role of soil temperature at the spring growth onset at high latitudes. Soil thawing becomes less relevant in temperate forests, where soil is occasionally frozen and other climate factors become more important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrià Descals
- CREAF, Centre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacions Forestals, E08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola de Vallès), Catalonia, Spain; CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Aleixandre Verger
- CREAF, Centre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacions Forestals, E08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola de Vallès), Catalonia, Spain; CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Iolanda Filella
- CREAF, Centre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacions Forestals, E08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola de Vallès), Catalonia, Spain; CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Dennis Baldocchi
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA.
| | - Ivan A Janssens
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, 2610, Belgium.
| | - Yongshuo H Fu
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
| | | | - Marc Peaucelle
- CREAF, Centre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacions Forestals, E08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola de Vallès), Catalonia, Spain; CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Catalonia, Spain; Computational and Applied Vegetation Ecology Laboratory - CAVElab, Department of Environment, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium.
| | - Philippe Ciais
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, UMR 1572 CEA-CNRS UVSQ, 91191, Gif sur Yvette, France.
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CREAF, Centre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacions Forestals, E08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola de Vallès), Catalonia, Spain; CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Catalonia, Spain.
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Penuelas J, Gargallo-Garriga A, Janssens IA, Ciais P, Obersteiner M, Klem K, Urban O, Zhu YG, Sardans J. Could Global Intensification of Nitrogen Fertilisation Increase Immunogenic Proteins and Favour the Spread of Coeliac Pathology? Foods 2020; 9:E1602. [PMID: 33158083 PMCID: PMC7694225 DOI: 10.3390/foods9111602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fertilisation of cereal crops with nitrogen (N) has increased in the last five decades. In particular, the fertilisation of wheat crops increased by nearly one order of magnitude from 1961 to 2010, from 9.84 to 93.8 kg N ha-1 y-1. We hypothesized that this intensification of N fertilisation would increase the content of allergenic proteins in wheat which could likely be associated with the increased pathology of coeliac disease in human populations. An increase in the per capita intake of gliadin proteins, the group of gluten proteins principally responsible for the development of coeliac disease, would be the responsible factor. We conducted a global meta-analysis of available reports that supported our hypothesis: wheat plants growing in soils receiving higher doses of N fertilizer have higher total gluten, total gliadin, α/β-gliadin, γ-gliadin and ω-gliadin contents and higher gliadin transcription in their grain. We thereafter calculated the per capita annual average intake of gliadins from wheat and derived foods and found that it increased from 1961 to 2010 from approximately 2.4 to 3.8 kg y-1 per capita (+1.4 ± 0.18 kg y-1 per capita, mean ± SE), i.e., increased by 58 ± 7.5%. Finally, we found that this increase was positively correlated with the increase in the rates of coeliac disease in all the available studies with temporal series of coeliac disease. The impacts and damage of over-fertilisation have been observed at an environmental scale (e.g., eutrophication and acid rain), but a potential direct effect of over-fertilisation is thus also possible on human health (coeliac disease).
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep Penuelas
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Catalonia, Spain; (A.G.-G.); (J.S.)
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Valles, 08193 Catalonia, Spain
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-60300 Brno, Czech Republic; (K.K.); (O.U.)
| | - Albert Gargallo-Garriga
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Catalonia, Spain; (A.G.-G.); (J.S.)
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Valles, 08193 Catalonia, Spain
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-60300 Brno, Czech Republic; (K.K.); (O.U.)
| | - Ivan A. Janssens
- Research Group Plants and Ecosystems (PLECO), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium;
| | - Philippe Ciais
- Laboratory of Climate and Environmental Sciences, Institute Pierre Simon Laplace (PSL), 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France;
| | - Michael Obersteiner
- Ecosystems Services and Management, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria;
| | - Karel Klem
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-60300 Brno, Czech Republic; (K.K.); (O.U.)
| | - Otmar Urban
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-60300 Brno, Czech Republic; (K.K.); (O.U.)
| | - Yong-Guan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jordi Sardans
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Catalonia, Spain; (A.G.-G.); (J.S.)
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Valles, 08193 Catalonia, Spain
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-60300 Brno, Czech Republic; (K.K.); (O.U.)
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Fang C, Ke W, Campioli M, Pei J, Yuan Z, Song X, Ye J, Li F, Janssens IA. Unaltered soil microbial community composition, but decreased metabolic activity in a semiarid grassland after two years of passive experimental warming. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:12327-12340. [PMID: 33209291 PMCID: PMC7664004 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil microbial communities regulate soil carbon feedbacks to climate warming through microbial respiration (i.e., metabolic rate). A thorough understanding of the responses of composition, biomass, and metabolic rate of soil microbial community to warming is crucial to predict soil carbon stocks in a future warmer climate. Therefore, we conducted a field manipulative experiment in a semiarid grassland on the Loess Plateau of China to evaluate the responses of the soil microbial community to increased temperature from April 2015 to December 2017. Soil temperature was 2.0°C higher relative to the ambient when open-top chambers (OTCs) were used. Warming did not affect microbial biomass or the composition of microbial functional groups. However, warming significantly decreased microbial respiration, directly resulting from soil pH decrease driven by the comediation of aboveground biomass increase, inorganic nitrogen increase, and moisture decrease. These findings highlight that the soil microbial community structure of semiarid grasslands resisted the short-term warming by 2°C, although its metabolic rate declined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Fang
- Institute of EcologySchool of Applied MeteorologyNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro‐ecosystemsInstitute of Arid AgroecologySchool of Life SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
- PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems)Department of BiologyUniversity of AntwerpWilrijkBelgium
| | - Wenbin Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro‐ecosystemsInstitute of Arid AgroecologySchool of Life SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Matteo Campioli
- PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems)Department of BiologyUniversity of AntwerpWilrijkBelgium
| | - Jiuying Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro‐ecosystemsInstitute of Arid AgroecologySchool of Life SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Ziqiang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil EngineeringNorthwest Institute of Eco‐Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of ScienceLanzhouChina
| | - Xin Song
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro‐ecosystemsInstitute of Arid AgroecologySchool of Life SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Jian‐Sheng Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro‐ecosystemsInstitute of Arid AgroecologySchool of Life SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Fengmin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro‐ecosystemsInstitute of Arid AgroecologySchool of Life SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Ivan A. Janssens
- PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems)Department of BiologyUniversity of AntwerpWilrijkBelgium
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Penuelas J, Krisztin T, Obersteiner M, Huber F, Winner H, Janssens IA, Ciais P, Sardans J. Country-Level Relationships of the Human Intake of N and P, Animal and Vegetable Food, and Alcoholic Beverages with Cancer and Life Expectancy. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:E7240. [PMID: 33022999 PMCID: PMC7579602 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The quantity, quality, and type (e.g., animal and vegetable) of human food have been correlated with human health, although with some contradictory or neutral results. We aimed to shed light on this association by using the integrated data at country level. METHODS We correlated elemental (nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P)) compositions and stoichiometries (N:P ratios), molecular (proteins) and energetic traits (kilocalories) of food of animal (terrestrial or aquatic) and vegetable origin, and alcoholic beverages with cancer prevalence and mortality and life expectancy (LE) at birth at the country level. We used the official databases of United Nations (UN), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), World Bank, World Health Organization (WHO), U.S. Department of Agriculture, U.S. Department of Health, and Eurobarometer, while also considering other possibly involved variables such as income, mean age, or human development index of each country. RESULTS The per capita intakes of N, P, protein, and total intake from terrestrial animals, and especially alcohol were significantly and positively associated with prevalence and mortality from total, colon, lung, breast, and prostate cancers. In contrast, high per capita intakes of vegetable N, P, N:P, protein, and total plant intake exhibited negative relationships with cancer prevalence and mortality. However, a high LE at birth, especially in underdeveloped countries was more strongly correlated with a higher intake of food, independent of its animal or vegetable origin, than with other variables, such as higher income or the human development index. CONCLUSIONS Our analyses, thus, yielded four generally consistent conclusions. First, the excessive intake of terrestrial animal food, especially the levels of protein, N, and P, is associated with higher prevalence of cancer, whereas equivalent intake from vegetables is associated with lower prevalence. Second, no consistent relationship was found for food N:P ratio and cancer prevalence. Third, the consumption of alcoholic beverages correlates with prevalence and mortality by malignant neoplasms. Fourth, in underdeveloped countries, reducing famine has a greater positive impact on health and LE than a healthier diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep Penuelas
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain;
- CREAF, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Tamás Krisztin
- International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Ecosystems Services and Management, Schlossplatz 1, A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria; (T.K.); (M.O.)
| | - Michael Obersteiner
- International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Ecosystems Services and Management, Schlossplatz 1, A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria; (T.K.); (M.O.)
| | - Florian Huber
- Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, Mönchsberg 2a, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria; (F.H.); (H.W.)
| | - Hannes Winner
- Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, Mönchsberg 2a, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria; (F.H.); (H.W.)
- Austrian Institute of Economic Research (WIFO), Arsenal Objekt 20, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ivan A. Janssens
- Research Group Plants and Ecosystems (PLECO), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium;
| | - Philippe Ciais
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement, IPSL, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France;
| | - Jordi Sardans
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain;
- CREAF, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
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Gargallo-Garriga A, Sardans J, Llusià J, Peguero G, Asensio D, Ogaya R, Urbina I, Langenhove LV, Verryckt LT, Courtois EA, Stahl C, Grau O, Urban O, Janssens IA, Nolis P, Pérez-Trujillo M, Parella T, Peñuelas J. 31P-NMR Metabolomics Revealed Species-Specific Use of Phosphorous in Trees of a French Guiana Rainforest. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25173960. [PMID: 32877991 PMCID: PMC7504763 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25173960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Productivity of tropical lowland moist forests is often limited by availability and functional allocation of phosphorus (P) that drives competition among tree species and becomes a key factor in determining forestall community diversity. We used non-target 31P-NMR metabolic profiling to study the foliar P-metabolism of trees of a French Guiana rainforest. The objective was to test the hypotheses that P-use is species-specific, and that species diversity relates to species P-use and concentrations of P-containing compounds, including inorganic phosphates, orthophosphate monoesters and diesters, phosphonates and organic polyphosphates. We found that tree species explained the 59% of variance in 31P-NMR metabolite profiling of leaves. A principal component analysis showed that tree species were separated along PC 1 and PC 2 of detected P-containing compounds, which represented a continuum going from high concentrations of metabolites related to non-active P and P-storage, low total P concentrations and high N:P ratios, to high concentrations of P-containing metabolites related to energy and anabolic metabolism, high total P concentrations and low N:P ratios. These results highlight the species-specific use of P and the existence of species-specific P-use niches that are driven by the distinct species-specific position in a continuum in the P-allocation from P-storage compounds to P-containing molecules related to energy and anabolic metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Gargallo-Garriga
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Catalonia, Spain; (J.S.); (G.P.); (O.G.); (J.P.)
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Catalonia, Spain; (J.L.); (D.A.); (R.O.); (I.U.)
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Belidla 986/4a, CZ-60300 Brno, Czech Republic;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-935814221
| | - Jordi Sardans
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Catalonia, Spain; (J.S.); (G.P.); (O.G.); (J.P.)
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Catalonia, Spain; (J.L.); (D.A.); (R.O.); (I.U.)
| | - Joan Llusià
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Catalonia, Spain; (J.L.); (D.A.); (R.O.); (I.U.)
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Belidla 986/4a, CZ-60300 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Guille Peguero
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Catalonia, Spain; (J.S.); (G.P.); (O.G.); (J.P.)
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Catalonia, Spain; (J.L.); (D.A.); (R.O.); (I.U.)
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, BE-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (L.V.L.); (L.T.V.); (E.A.C.); (I.A.J.)
| | - Dolores Asensio
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Catalonia, Spain; (J.L.); (D.A.); (R.O.); (I.U.)
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Belidla 986/4a, CZ-60300 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Romà Ogaya
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Catalonia, Spain; (J.L.); (D.A.); (R.O.); (I.U.)
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Belidla 986/4a, CZ-60300 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Ifigenia Urbina
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Catalonia, Spain; (J.L.); (D.A.); (R.O.); (I.U.)
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Belidla 986/4a, CZ-60300 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Leandro Van Langenhove
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, BE-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (L.V.L.); (L.T.V.); (E.A.C.); (I.A.J.)
| | - Lore T. Verryckt
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, BE-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (L.V.L.); (L.T.V.); (E.A.C.); (I.A.J.)
| | - Elodie A. Courtois
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, BE-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (L.V.L.); (L.T.V.); (E.A.C.); (I.A.J.)
- Laboratoire Ecologie, évolution, Interactions des Systèmes Amazoniens (LEEISA), Université de Guyane, CNRS, IFREMER, 97300 Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Clément Stahl
- INRA, UMR EcoFoG, CNRS, Cirad, AgroParisTech, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane, 97310 Kourou, France;
| | - Oriol Grau
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Catalonia, Spain; (J.S.); (G.P.); (O.G.); (J.P.)
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Catalonia, Spain; (J.L.); (D.A.); (R.O.); (I.U.)
- Cirad, UMR EcoFoG (AgroParisTech, CNRS, Inra, Univ Antilles, Univ Guyane), Campus Agronomique, 97310 Kourou, French Guiana
| | - Otmar Urban
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Belidla 986/4a, CZ-60300 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Ivan A. Janssens
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, BE-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; (L.V.L.); (L.T.V.); (E.A.C.); (I.A.J.)
| | - Pau Nolis
- Servei de Ressonància Magnètica Nuclear, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain; (P.N.); (M.P.-T.); (T.P.)
| | - Miriam Pérez-Trujillo
- Servei de Ressonància Magnètica Nuclear, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain; (P.N.); (M.P.-T.); (T.P.)
| | - Teodor Parella
- Servei de Ressonància Magnètica Nuclear, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain; (P.N.); (M.P.-T.); (T.P.)
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Catalonia, Spain; (J.S.); (G.P.); (O.G.); (J.P.)
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Catalonia, Spain; (J.L.); (D.A.); (R.O.); (I.U.)
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Beerling DJ, Kantzas EP, Lomas MR, Wade P, Eufrasio RM, Renforth P, Sarkar B, Andrews MG, James RH, Pearce CR, Mercure JF, Pollitt H, Holden PB, Edwards NR, Khanna M, Koh L, Quegan S, Pidgeon NF, Janssens IA, Hansen J, Banwart SA. Potential for large-scale CO2 removal via enhanced rock weathering with croplands. Nature 2020; 583:242-248. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2448-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Fernández-Martínez M, Sardans J, Sayol F, LaMontagne JM, Bogdziewicz M, Collalti A, Hacket-Pain A, Vacchiano G, Espelta JM, Peñuelas J, Janssens IA. Reply to: Nutrient scarcity cannot cause mast seeding. Nat Plants 2020; 6:763-765. [PMID: 32572211 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-020-0703-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Fernández-Martínez
- Research Group PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - J Sardans
- Global Ecology Unit, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Barcelona, Spain
- CREAF, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Sayol
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - J M LaMontagne
- Department of Biological Sciences, DePaul University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - M Bogdziewicz
- Department of Systematic Zoology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - A Collalti
- Institute for Agriculture and Forestry Systems in the Mediterranean, National Research Council of Italy (CNR-ISAFOM), Perugia, Italy
- Department of Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest Systems, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - A Hacket-Pain
- Department of Geography and Planning, School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | | | | | - J Peñuelas
- Global Ecology Unit, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Barcelona, Spain
- CREAF, Barcelona, Spain
| | - I A Janssens
- Research Group PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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Liu Q, Piao S, Campioli M, Gao M, Fu YH, Wang K, He Y, Li X, Janssens IA. Modeling leaf senescence of deciduous tree species in Europe. Glob Chang Biol 2020; 26:4104-4118. [PMID: 32329935 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Autumnal leaf senescence signals the end of photosynthetic activities in temperate deciduous trees and consequently exerts a strong control on various ecological processes. Predicting leaf senescence dates (LSD) with high accuracy is thus a prerequisite for better understanding the climate-ecosystem interactions. However, modeling LSD at large spatial and temporal scales is challenging. In this study, first, we used 19972 site-year records (848 sites and four deciduous tree species) from the PAN European Phenology network to calibrate and evaluate six leaf senescence models during the period 1980-2013. Second, we extended the spatial analysis by repeating the procedure across Europe using satellite-derived end of growing season and a forest map. Overall, we found that models that considered photoperiod and temperature interactions outperformed models using simple temperature or photoperiod thresholds for Betula pendula, Fagus sylvatica and Quercus robur. On the contrary, no model displayed reasonable predictions for Aesculus hippocastanum. This inter-model comparison indicates that, contrary to expectation, photoperiod does not significantly modulate the accumulation of cooling degree days (CDD). On the other hand, considering the carryover effect of leaf unfolding date could promote the models' predictability. The CDD models generally matched the observed LSD at species level and its interannual variation, but were limited in explaining the inter-site variations, indicating that other environmental cues need to be considered in future model development. The discrepancies remaining between model simulations and observations highlight the need of manipulation studies to elucidate the mechanisms behind the leaf senescence process and to make current models more realistic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Liu
- Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shilong Piao
- Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology, Center for Excellence in Tibetan Earth Science, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Matteo Campioli
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Mengdi Gao
- Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongshuo H Fu
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue He
- Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyi Li
- Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ivan A Janssens
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
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46
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Verryckt LT, Ellsworth DS, Vicca S, Van Langenhove L, Peñuelas J, Ciais P, Posada JM, Stahl C, Coste S, Courtois EA, Obersteiner M, Chave J, Janssens IA. Can light‐saturated photosynthesis in lowland tropical forests be estimated by one light level? Biotropica 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.12817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - David S. Ellsworth
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney University Penrith NSW Australia
| | - Sara Vicca
- Department of Biology University of Antwerp Wilrijk Belgium
| | | | - Josep Peñuelas
- CREAF Barcelona Spain
- CSIC Global Ecology CREAF‐CSIC‐UAB Barcelona Spain
| | - Philippe Ciais
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement CEA‐CNRS‐UVSQ Gif‐sur‐Yvette France
| | - Juan M. Posada
- Biology Department Faculty of Natural Sciences Universidad del Rosario Bogotá, D.C. Colombia
| | - Clément Stahl
- INRA UMR Ecofog AgroParisTech CNRS Cirad Université des AntillesUniversité de Guyane Kourou France
| | - Sabrina Coste
- UMR Ecofog AgroParisTech CNRS Cirad INRA Université de GuyaneUniversité des Antilles Kourou France
| | - Elodie A. Courtois
- Laboratoire Ecologie, évolution, interactions des systèmes amazoniens (LEEISA) CNRS IFREMER Université de Guyane Cayenne French Guiana
| | - Michael Obersteiner
- International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) Laxenburg Austria
| | - Jérôme Chave
- UMR 5174 Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique CNRS Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse France
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47
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Sardans J, Gargallo-Garriga A, Urban O, Klem K, Walker TW, Holub P, Janssens IA, Peñuelas J. Ecometabolomics for a Better Understanding of Plant Responses and Acclimation to Abiotic Factors Linked to Global Change. Metabolites 2020; 10:E239. [PMID: 32527044 PMCID: PMC7345909 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10060239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of ecometabolomic studies, which use metabolomic analyses to disentangle organisms' metabolic responses and acclimation to a changing environment, has grown exponentially in recent years. Here, we review the results and conclusions of ecometabolomic studies on the impacts of four main drivers of global change (increasing frequencies of drought episodes, heat stress, increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations and increasing nitrogen (N) loads) on plant metabolism. Ecometabolomic studies of drought effects confirmed findings of previous target studies, in which most changes in metabolism are characterized by increased concentrations of soluble sugars and carbohydrate derivatives and frequently also by elevated concentrations of free amino acids. Secondary metabolites, especially flavonoids and terpenes, also commonly exhibited increased concentrations when drought intensified. Under heat and increasing N loads, soluble amino acids derived from glutamate and glutamine were the most responsive metabolites. Foliar metabolic responses to elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations were dominated by greater production of monosaccharides and associated synthesis of secondary metabolites, such as terpenes, rather than secondary metabolites synthesized along longer sugar pathways involving N-rich precursor molecules, such as those formed from cyclic amino acids and along the shikimate pathway. We suggest that breeding for crop genotypes tolerant to drought and heat stress should be based on their capacity to increase the concentrations of C-rich compounds more than the concentrations of smaller N-rich molecules, such as amino acids. This could facilitate rapid and efficient stress response by reducing protein catabolism without compromising enzymatic capacity or increasing the requirement for re-transcription and de novo biosynthesis of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Sardans
- Spain National Research Council (CSIC), Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (A.G.-G.); (J.P.)
- Centre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacions Forestals (CREAF) Institute, 08193 Cerdanyola del vallès, Spain
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, CZ-60300 Brno, Czech Republic; (O.U.); (K.K.); (P.H.)
| | - Albert Gargallo-Garriga
- Spain National Research Council (CSIC), Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (A.G.-G.); (J.P.)
- Centre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacions Forestals (CREAF) Institute, 08193 Cerdanyola del vallès, Spain
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, CZ-60300 Brno, Czech Republic; (O.U.); (K.K.); (P.H.)
| | - Otmar Urban
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, CZ-60300 Brno, Czech Republic; (O.U.); (K.K.); (P.H.)
| | - Karel Klem
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, CZ-60300 Brno, Czech Republic; (O.U.); (K.K.); (P.H.)
| | - Tom W.N. Walker
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland;
| | - Petr Holub
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, CZ-60300 Brno, Czech Republic; (O.U.); (K.K.); (P.H.)
| | - Ivan A. Janssens
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium;
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- Spain National Research Council (CSIC), Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (A.G.-G.); (J.P.)
- Centre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacions Forestals (CREAF) Institute, 08193 Cerdanyola del vallès, Spain
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, CZ-60300 Brno, Czech Republic; (O.U.); (K.K.); (P.H.)
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48
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Penuelas J, Janssens IA, Ciais P, Obersteiner M, Sardans J. Anthropogenic global shifts in biospheric N and P concentrations and ratios and their impacts on biodiversity, ecosystem productivity, food security, and human health. Glob Chang Biol 2020; 26:1962-1985. [PMID: 31912629 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The availability of carbon (C) from high levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2 ) and anthropogenic release of nitrogen (N) is increasing, but these increases are not paralleled by increases in levels of phosphorus (P). The current unstoppable changes in the stoichiometries of C and N relative to P have no historical precedent. We describe changes in P and N fluxes over the last five decades that have led to asymmetrical increases in P and N inputs to the biosphere. We identified widespread and rapid changes in N:P ratios in air, soil, water, and organisms and important consequences to the structure, function, and biodiversity of ecosystems. A mass-balance approach found that the combined limited availability of P and N was likely to reduce C storage by natural ecosystems during the remainder of the 21st Century, and projected crop yields of the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment indicated an increase in nutrient deficiency in developing regions if access to P fertilizer is limited. Imbalances of the N:P ratio would likely negatively affect human health, food security, and global economic and geopolitical stability, with feedbacks and synergistic effects on drivers of global environmental change, such as increasing levels of CO2 , climatic warming, and increasing pollution. We summarize potential solutions for avoiding the negative impacts of global imbalances of N:P ratios on the environment, biodiversity, climate change, food security, and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep Penuelas
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Valles, Spain
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ivan A Janssens
- Research Group Plants and Ecosystems (PLECO), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Philippe Ciais
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, IPSL CEA CNRS UVSQ UPSACLAY, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Michael Obersteiner
- Ecosystems Services and Management, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Laxenburg, Austria
| | - Jordi Sardans
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Valles, Spain
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
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49
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Soong JL, Fuchslueger L, Marañon-Jimenez S, Torn MS, Janssens IA, Penuelas J, Richter A. Microbial carbon limitation: The need for integrating microorganisms into our understanding of ecosystem carbon cycling. Glob Chang Biol 2020; 26:1953-1961. [PMID: 31838767 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have demonstrated that fertilization with nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium increases plant productivity in both natural and managed ecosystems, demonstrating that primary productivity is nutrient limited in most terrestrial ecosystems. In contrast, it has been demonstrated that heterotrophic microbial communities in soil are primarily limited by organic carbon or energy. While this concept of contrasting limitations, that is, microbial carbon and plant nutrient limitation, is based on strong evidence that we review in this paper, it is often ignored in discussions of ecosystem response to global environment changes. The plant-centric perspective has equated plant nutrient limitations with those of whole ecosystems, thereby ignoring the important role of the heterotrophs responsible for soil decomposition in driving ecosystem carbon storage. To truly integrate carbon and nutrient cycles in ecosystem science, we must account for the fact that while plant productivity may be nutrient limited, the secondary productivity by heterotrophic communities is inherently carbon limited. Ecosystem carbon cycling integrates the independent physiological responses of its individual components, as well as tightly coupled exchanges between autotrophs and heterotrophs. To the extent that the interacting autotrophic and heterotrophic processes are controlled by organisms that are limited by nutrient versus carbon accessibility, respectively, we propose that ecosystems by definition cannot be 'limited' by nutrients or carbon alone. Here, we outline how models aimed at predicting non-steady state ecosystem responses over time can benefit from dissecting ecosystems into the organismal components and their inherent limitations to better represent plant-microbe interactions in coupled carbon and nutrient models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Soong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Climate and Ecosystem Science Division, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Lucia Fuchslueger
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sara Marañon-Jimenez
- Center for Ecological Research and Forestry Application, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
- Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Margaret S Torn
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Climate and Ecosystem Science Division, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Ivan A Janssens
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Josep Penuelas
- Center for Ecological Research and Forestry Application, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
- Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Andreas Richter
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Ecosystems Services and Management Program, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria
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50
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Penuelas J, Fernández-Martínez M, Vallicrosa H, Maspons J, Zuccarini P, Carnicer J, Sanders TGM, Krüger I, Obersteiner M, Janssens IA, Ciais P, Sardans J. Increasing atmospheric CO 2 concentrations correlate with declining nutritional status of European forests. Commun Biol 2020; 3:125. [PMID: 32170162 PMCID: PMC7070084 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-0839-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The drivers of global change, including increases in atmospheric CO2 concentrations, N and S deposition, and climate change, likely affect the nutritional status of forests. Here we show forest foliar concentrations of N, P, K, S and Mg decreased significantly in Europe by 5%, 11%, 8%, 6% and 7%, respectively during the last three decades. The decrease in nutritional status was especially large in Mediterranean and temperate forests. Increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration was well correlated with the decreases in N, P, K, Mg, S concentrations and the increase of N:P ratio. Regional analyses indicated that increases in some foliar nutrient concentrations such as N, S and Ca in northern Europe occurred associated with increasingly favourable conditions of mean annual precipitation and temperature. Crucial changes in forest health, structure, functioning and services, including negative feedbacks on C capture can be expected if these trends are not reversed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep Penuelas
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, 08913, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain. .,CREAF, 08913, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Marcos Fernández-Martínez
- Research group PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Helena Vallicrosa
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, 08913, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain.,CREAF, 08913, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Joan Maspons
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, 08913, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain.,CREAF, 08913, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Paolo Zuccarini
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, 08913, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain.,CREAF, 08913, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jofre Carnicer
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, 08913, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain.,CREAF, 08913, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Tanja G M Sanders
- Thünen Institute of Forest Ecosystems, Alfred-Möller-Straße 1, Haus 41/42, Eberswalde, 16225, Germany
| | - Inken Krüger
- Thünen Institute of Forest Ecosystems, Alfred-Möller-Straße 1, Haus 41/42, Eberswalde, 16225, Germany
| | - Michael Obersteiner
- International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Ecosystems Services and Management, Schlossplatz 1, A-2361, Laxenburg, Austria
| | - Ivan A Janssens
- Research group PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Philippe Ciais
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, IPSL, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Jordi Sardans
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, 08913, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain.,CREAF, 08913, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
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