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Hetzel C, Schreiner S, Michel W, Schaller J, Froböse I. Konzept eines einwöchigen Gesundheitsprogramms für pflegende Angehörige gemeinsam mit ihrer pflegebedürftigen Person – „Pflegetandem“. Präv Gesundheitsf 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11553-020-00821-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Gambichler T, Hartenstein I, Dreißigacker M, Stockfleth E, Stücker M, Schaller J, Schulze HJ, Becker JC, Käfferlein HU, Brüning T, Lang K. Expression of Hedgehog signalling molecules in microcystic adnexal carcinoma. Clin Exp Dermatol 2021; 46:1052-1057. [PMID: 33714217 DOI: 10.1111/ced.14634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microcystic adnexal carcinoma (MAC) is a rare skin neoplasm that has not been characterized on a molecular basis. AIM To assess expression profiles of Hedgehog (HH) signalling molecules in MAC and control tumours. METHODS Immunohistochemistry was performed for Sonic Hedgehog (SHH), Indian Hedgehog (IHH), Patched 1 (PTCH1) and Smoothened (SMO) on patient MAC tissue (n = 26) and control tumour tissue, including syringoma (SyG; n = 11), trichoepithelioma (TE; n = 11) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC; n = 12) tissues. RESULTS Patched 1 and SMO immunoreactivity was significantly higher in BCC than in SyG, TE or MAC (P < 0.001 and P < 0.03, respectively). The highest IHH expression was observed in BCC and TE compared with SyG and MAC (P < 0.04). Notably, the highest SHH protein expression was observed in SyG compared with MAC, TE and even BCC (P < 0.001). In patients with MAC, SMO immunoreactivity significantly (r = 0.51; P < 0.01) correlated with PTCH1 expression. Further correlation studies did not show significant associations between the HH expression markers assessed (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Our results indicate that alterations of the HH signalling are unlikely to play a major role in the pathogenesis of MAC, which is in contrast to the morphologically similar BCC and TE. Our observation provides additional information to the limited molecular pathology knowledge on this rare tumour.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Gambichler
- Skin Cancer Center, Department of Dermatology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - I Hartenstein
- Skin Cancer Center, Department of Dermatology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - M Dreißigacker
- Skin Cancer Center, Department of Dermatology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - E Stockfleth
- Skin Cancer Center, Department of Dermatology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - M Stücker
- Skin Cancer Center, Department of Dermatology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - J Schaller
- Dermatopathology Duisburg, Duisburg, Germany
| | - H-J Schulze
- Fachklinik Hornheide, Skin Cancer Center, Department of Dermatology and Dermato-Histo-Pathology, Münster, Germany
| | - J C Becker
- Translational Skin Cancer Research, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Essen/Düsseldorf, Department of Dermatology, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - H U Käfferlein
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurances, Ruhr-University Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - T Brüning
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurances, Ruhr-University Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - K Lang
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurances, Ruhr-University Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
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Gambichler T, Mahjurian-Namari M, Reininghaus L, Schmitz L, Skrygan M, Schulze HJ, Schaller J, Girolomoni G. Lysyl oxidase-like-2 mutations and reduced mRNA and protein expression in mid-dermal elastolysis. Clin Exp Dermatol 2018; 44:47-51. [PMID: 29845638 DOI: 10.1111/ced.13652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mid-dermal elastolysis (MDE) is a rare skin condition, characterized by selective loss of elastic fibres in the mid dermis. The pathogenesis of MDE is still unclear. AIM To investigate expression of lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2) in a reasonable sample of patients with MDE and to search for mutations in LOXL2. METHODS We investigated archived lesional tissue of 13 patients with MDE and skin tissue samples of 10 sex- and age-matched healthy controls (HCs). Gene and protein expression of LOXL2 was investigated using real-time reverse-transcription PCR and immunohistochemistry. Mutation analysis was performed using the Sanger method. RESULTS We observed decreased LOXL2 mRNA expression in lesional skin of patients with MDE (0.48 ± 0.16) compared with healthy skin of the same patients (1.5 ± 0.51) and normal skin of HCs (1.9 ± 0.13). Compared with healthy patient skin (epidermis 2.38 ± 1.6, dermis 1.2 ± 1), LOXL2 protein expression in lesional patient skin (epidermis 1.1 ± 0.7, dermis 0.3 ± 0.45) was significantly decreased (P < 0.04 and P = 0.02, respectively). Mutation analysis of the entire LOXL2 gene could be performed for five patients, all of whom were found to have at least one mutation in the LOXL2 gene. Three of these had a mutation in the promoter region (c.967 G>C, c.1022 C>T, and c.1025 G>A, respectively), and one of them also had a mutation in the splice region of intron 11/exon 12 (IVS11-1 G>A). Of the remaining two patients, one had a mutation in exon 3 (T1391), and the other had a mutation in exon 11 (C663Y). CONCLUSIONS Our present data suggest that decreased elastin renewal due to LOXL2 mutations and consecutive reduced LOXL2 expression contribute to the pathogenesis of MDE.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Gambichler
- Department of Dermatology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | | | - L Reininghaus
- Department of Dermatology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - L Schmitz
- Department of Dermatology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - M Skrygan
- Department of Dermatology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - H-J Schulze
- Fachklinik Hornheide, Department of Dermatology and Dermato-Histo-Pathology, Münster, Germany
| | - J Schaller
- Dermatopathology Duisburg, Duisburg, Germany
| | - G Girolomoni
- Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Glynn K, Schaller J. Predictors of employment outcomes for transition-age state-federal vocational rehabilitation consumers with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. JVR 2017. [DOI: 10.3233/jvr-170892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Glynn
- Department of Rehabilitation and Disability Studies, Springfield College, Springfield, MA, USA
| | - J. Schaller
- Rehabilitation Counselor Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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Gambichler T, Skrygan M, Reininghaus L, Schulze HJ, Schaller J, Hessam S, Colato C, Girolomoni G, Heitzer E. Lysyl oxidase-like 2 promoter hypermethylation in mid-dermal elastolysis. Br J Dermatol 2016; 175:1354-1356. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.14666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Gambichler
- Department of Dermatology; Ruhr-University Bochum; Bochum Germany
| | - M. Skrygan
- Department of Dermatology; Ruhr-University Bochum; Bochum Germany
| | - L. Reininghaus
- Department of Dermatology; Ruhr-University Bochum; Bochum Germany
| | - H.-J. Schulze
- Fachklinik Hornheide; Skin Cancer Centre; Department of Dermatology and Dermato-Histo-Pathology; Münster Germany
| | | | - S. Hessam
- Department of Dermatology; Ruhr-University Bochum; Bochum Germany
| | - C. Colato
- Section of Pathology; Department of Pathology and Diagnostics; University of Verona; Verona Italy
| | - G. Girolomoni
- Section of Dermatology and Venereology; Department of Medicine; University of Verona; Verona Italy
| | - E. Heitzer
- Institute of Human Genetics; Medical University of Graz; Graz Austria
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Herberger K, Dissemond J, Hohaus K, Schaller J, Anastasiadou Z, Augustin M. Treatment of pyoderma gangrenosum: retrospective multicentre analysis of 121 patients. Br J Dermatol 2016; 175:1070-1072. [PMID: 27060666 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.14619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K Herberger
- Institute for Health Services Research in Dermatology and Nursing (IVDP), German Center for Health Services Research in Dermatology (CVderm), University Clinics of Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - J Dissemond
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University of Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - K Hohaus
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University of Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - J Schaller
- Department of Dermatology, Helios Clinics Duisburg, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Z Anastasiadou
- Institute for Health Services Research in Dermatology and Nursing (IVDP), German Center for Health Services Research in Dermatology (CVderm), University Clinics of Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Augustin
- Institute for Health Services Research in Dermatology and Nursing (IVDP), German Center for Health Services Research in Dermatology (CVderm), University Clinics of Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Abstract
Basal cell carcinomas are the most common primary cutaneous malignant neoplasms. The diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma represents a common and routine task for pathologists and dermatopathologists. The aim of this review is the clinical and histopathological presentation of the most common subtypes of basal cell carcinoma. Furthermore, the rare variants of basal cell carcinoma and their differential diagnoses are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Liersch
- Dermatopathologie Duisburg, An der Abtei 7-11, 47166, Duisburg, Deutschland
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Gambichler T, Reininghhaus L, Schaller J. Early-onset pseudoxanthoma elasticum-like papillary dermal elastolysis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2014; 30:448-9. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.12822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Gambichler
- Department of Dermatoloy, Venereology and Allergology; Ruhr-University Bochum; Bochum Germany
| | - L. Reininghhaus
- Department of Dermatoloy, Venereology and Allergology; Ruhr-University Bochum; Bochum Germany
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Goubergrits L, Riesenkampff E, Yevtushenko P, Schaller J, Kertzscher U, Berger F, Kuehne T. Is MRI-Based CFD Able to Improve Clinical Treatment of Coarctations of Aorta? Ann Biomed Eng 2014; 43:168-76. [DOI: 10.1007/s10439-014-1116-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 09/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Unger F, Krueger J, Schaller J, Uhlig P, Juhl H, David K. 690: Precision cut cancer tissue slices as a preclinical drug testing platform. Eur J Cancer 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(14)50609-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Reich-Schupke S, Alm J, Altmeyer P, Bachter D, Bayerl C, Beissert S, Bieber T, Böhmer J, Dill D, Dippel E, Dücker P, Effendy I, El Gammal S, Elsner P, Enk A, Feldmann-Böddeker I, Frank H, Gehring W, Gieler U, Goebeler M, Görge T, Gollnick H, Grabbe S, Gross G, Gudat W, Happ A, Herbst R, Hermes B, Hoff NP, John SM, Jungelhülsing M, Jünger M, Kaatz M, Kapp A, Kaufmann R, Klode J, Knaber K, König A, Krieg T, Kohl P, Kowalzick L, Lehmann P, Löffler H, Maschke J, Marsch W, Mechtel D, Mohr P, Moll I, Müller M, Nashan D, Ockenfels HM, Peter RU, Pillekamp H, Rompel R, Ruzicka T, Salfeld K, Sander C, Schaller J, Scharffetter-Kochanek K, Schuler G, Schulze HJ, Schwarz T, Splieth B, Stege H, Stolz W, Strölin A, Tran H, Tronnier M, Ulrich J, Vogt T, Wagner G, Welzel J, Willgeroth T, Wollina U, Zillikens D, Zouboulis CC, Zuberbier T, Zutt M, Stücker M. [Phlebology in German departments of dermatology. An analysis on behalf of the German Society of Phlebology]. Hautarzt 2013; 64:685-94. [PMID: 24022632 DOI: 10.1007/s00105-013-2623-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phlebologic diseases have become extremely common and have major socio-economic impact. However, the percentage of dermatologists working in phlebology appears to be decreasing according to the data of the German Society of Phlebology (DGP). METHODS To investigate the reasons for this development, we--on behalf of the DGP--sent a questionnaire to 120 German Departments of Dermatology in autumn 2012. RESULTS In 76 returned questionnaires, the number of physicians with additional fellowship training in phlebology averaged 1.5; the average number of those who fulfill the criteria for training fellows in phlebology was 0.9. In 71.1 % of the departments there was a phlebologist. A special phlebologic outpatient clinic existed in 73.7 % of the departments. Sonography with Doppler (89.5 %) and duplex (86.8 %) was used as the most frequent diagnostic tool. For therapy, compression (94.7 %), sclerotherapy (liquid 78.9 %, foam 63.2 %, catheter 18.4 %), endoluminal thermic procedures (radio wave 28.9 %, laser 17.1 %) and surgery (especially crossectomy and stripping 67.1 %, phlebectomy of tributaries 75 %) were used. The average number of treatments was very heterogenous in the different departments. CONCLUSIONS Phlebology definitely plays an important role in dermatology. Most departments fulfill the formal criteria for the license to conduct advanced training in phlebology. A wide spectrum of phlebological diagnostic and therapeutic procedures is available.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Reich-Schupke
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Venenzentrum der Dermatologischen und Gefäßchirurgischen Kliniken, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Hiltroper Landwehr 11-13, 44805, Bochum, Deutschland,
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Schaller J, Kragh T, Reininger A, Goubergrits L, Kertzscher U, Spannagl M, Affeld K. Biocompatibility Material Test for Cardiovascular Devices using Stagnation Point Flow. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 58 Suppl 1:/j/bmte.2013.58.issue-s1-O/bmt-2013-4366/bmt-2013-4366.xml. [PMID: 24043091 DOI: 10.1515/bmt-2013-4366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Böttger R, Feibicke M, Schaller J, Dudel G. Effects of low-dosed imidacloprid pulses on the functional role of the caged amphipod Gammarus roeseli in stream mesocosms. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2013; 93:93-100. [PMID: 23664296 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2013.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2013] [Revised: 04/04/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Effects of two series of imidacloprid pulses on caged amphipods (Gammarus roeseli) and their shredder efficiency for litter decomposition were studied for 70 days as part of a comprehensive stream mesocosm experiment. The duration of each imidacloprid pulse of 12µgL(-1) was 12h. About 250mL cages with an initial stock of 10 adult gammarids together with different conditioned litter substrates were used. Beside alder leaves (Alnus glutinosa), straw (× Triticosecale) was also used in different trials and tested for its suitability to serve as litter substrate. Results from tracer and microprobe measurements approved the suitability of the test system under low-flow condition of 10cms(-1) in the surrounding stream water. Population development followed a logistic growth function with a carrying capacity of 200 Ind cage(-1) for alder and 161 for straw. In the course of the study, the F1 generation reached sexual maturity and F2 offspring appeared. Increased nitrogen contents of gammarid-free trials compared to stocked ones after 70 days indicated that biofilm on both substrates was an important food source for G. roeseli. However, increased shredding activity by gammarids was only detected for alder during the second pulse series. During the remaining time and also for straw, losses of coarse particular organic matter were quite constant and slow indicating the dominance of transport limited decomposition processes on the litter surfaces. No effect of imidacloprid pulses on population levels and litter decomposition could be detected. However, the number of brood carrying females was reduced in the treatments compared to the control groups in the last 3 weeks of the study. In conclusion, repeated low-level and short-term exposition may have adverse long-term effects on G. roeseli in the field with regard to both the population size and the functional role as key shredder.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Böttger
- Umweltbundesamt, Schichauweg 58, 12307 Berlin, Germany.
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Schaller J, Kertzscher U, Petz C, Hege HC, Spuler A, Goubergrits L. Reproducibility of Image-Based Analysis of Cerebral Aneurysm Geometry and Hemodynamics: An In-Vitro Study of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Computed Tomography, and Three-Dimensional Rotational Angiography. J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg 2013; 74:294-302. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1342937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Schaller
- Biofluid Mechanics Laboratory, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - U. Kertzscher
- Biofluid Mechanics Laboratory, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ch Petz
- Scientific Visualization, Konrad Zuse Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - H.-Ch Hege
- Scientific Visualization, Konrad Zuse Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - A. Spuler
- Department of Neurosurgery, Helios Hospital Berlin-Buch, Berlin, Germany
| | - L. Goubergrits
- Biofluid Mechanics Laboratory, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Schreml S, Weber BH, Schröder J, Siegmund H, Schaller J, Vogt T, Landthaler M, Schönbuchner I, Röcken C, Babilas P. Familial primary localized cutaneous amyloidosis with an oncostatin M receptor-β mutation, Pro694Leu. Clin Exp Dermatol 2013; 38:932-5. [DOI: 10.1111/ced.12160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Schreml
- Department of Dermatology; University Medical Center Regensburg; Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11 93053 Regensburg Germany
| | - B. H. Weber
- Institute of Human Genetics; University Medical Center Regensburg; Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11 93053 Regensburg Germany
| | - J. Schröder
- Institute of Pathology; University Medical Center Regensburg; Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11 93053 Regensburg Germany
| | - H. Siegmund
- Institute of Pathology; University Medical Center Regensburg; Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11 93053 Regensburg Germany
| | - J. Schaller
- Laboratory for Dermatohistology; Duisburg Germany
| | - T. Vogt
- Department of Dermatology; Saarland University Hospital; Homburg/Saar Germany
| | - M. Landthaler
- Department of Dermatology; University Medical Center Regensburg; Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11 93053 Regensburg Germany
| | - I. Schönbuchner
- Institute of Human Genetics; University Medical Center Regensburg; Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11 93053 Regensburg Germany
| | - C. Röcken
- Institute of Pathology; University Medical Center Kiel; Kiel Germany
| | - P. Babilas
- Department of Dermatology; University Medical Center Regensburg; Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11 93053 Regensburg Germany
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Böttger R, Schaller J, Mohr S. Closer to reality--the influence of toxicity test modifications on the sensitivity of Gammarus roeseli to the insecticide imidacloprid. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2012; 81:49-54. [PMID: 22575057 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2012] [Revised: 04/09/2012] [Accepted: 04/14/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Laboratory toxicity test designs are far from reality and therefore extrapolations to field situations may be more difficult. In laboratory experiments with the amphipod Gammarus roeseli exposed to the insecticide imidacloprid it was investigated if test conditions closer to reality influences its sensitivity and if it is possible to extrapolate results from these laboratory tests to results from a stream mesocosm study. Experiments were run by varying medium, temperature, size, and seasonal origin of gammarids. Age and seasonal aspects had strongest effects with juveniles and animals taken from a spring population being most sensitive with an EC₅₀ (96 h) of 14.2 μg L⁻¹ imidacloprid. The test designs closest to the conditions in the stream mesocosms reflected best the results in mesocosms study on basis of LOEC values. However, the EC(x) extrapolation failed to predict the effects of short term imidacloprid pulses in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Böttger
- Umweltbundesamt, Schichauweg 58, 12307 Berlin, Germany.
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Schaller J, Brackhage C, Gessner MO, Bäuker E, Gert Dudel E. Silicon supply modifies C:N:P stoichiometry and growth of Phragmites australis. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2012; 14:392-6. [PMID: 22136652 DOI: 10.1111/j.1438-8677.2011.00537.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Silicon is a non-essential element for plant growth. Nevertheless, it affects plant stress resistance and in some plants, such as grasses, it may substitute carbon (C) compounds in cell walls, thereby influencing C allocation patterns and biomass production. How variation in silicon supply over a narrow range affects nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) uptake by plants has also been investigated in some detail. However, little is known about effects on the stoichiometric relationships between C, N and P when silicon supply varies over a broader range. Here, we assessed the effect of silicon on aboveground biomass production and C:N:P stoichiometry of common reed, Phragmites australis, in a pot experiment in which three widely differing levels of silicon were supplied. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that elevated silicon supply promoted silica deposition in the epidermis of Phragmites leaves. This resulted in altered N:P ratios, whereas C:N ratios changed only slightly. Plant growth was slightly (but not significantly) enhanced at intermediate silicon supply levels but significantly decreased at high levels. These findings point to the potential of silicon to impact plant growth and elemental stoichiometry and, by extension, to affect biogeochemical cycles in ecosystems dominated by Phragmites and other grasses and sedges.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Schaller
- Institute of General Ecology and Environmental Protection, University of Technology Dresden, Tharandt, Germany.
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Goubergrits L, Schaller J, Kertzscher U, van den Bruck N, Poethkow K, Petz C, Hege HC, Spuler A. Statistical wall shear stress maps of ruptured and unruptured middle cerebral artery aneurysms. J R Soc Interface 2011; 9:677-88. [PMID: 21957117 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2011.0490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Haemodynamics and morphology play an important role in the genesis, growth and rupture of cerebral aneurysms. The goal of this study was to generate and analyse statistical wall shear stress (WSS) distributions and shapes in middle cerebral artery (MCA) saccular aneurysms. Unsteady flow was simulated in seven ruptured and 15 unruptured MCA aneurysms. In order to compare these results, all geometries must be brought in a uniform coordinate system. For this, aneurysms with corresponding WSS data were transformed into a uniform spherical shape; then, all geometries were uniformly aligned in three-dimensional space. Subsequently, we compared statistical WSS maps and surfaces of ruptured and unruptured aneurysms. No significant (p > 0.05) differences exist between ruptured and unruptured aneurysms regarding radius and mean WSS. In unruptured aneurysms, statistical WSS map relates regions with high (greater than 3 Pa) WSS to the neck region. In ruptured aneurysms, additional areas with high WSS contiguous to regions of low (less than 1 Pa) WSS are found in the dome region. In ruptured aneurysms, we found significantly lower WSS. The averaged aneurysm surface of unruptured aneurysms is round shaped, whereas the averaged surface of ruptured cases is multi-lobular. Our results confirm the hypothesis of low WSS and irregular shape as the essential rupture risk parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Goubergrits
- Biofluid Mechanics Laboratory, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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Carlson JA, Schaller J, Sell S. Comment on: Evidence of lifetime susceptibility to Tropheryma whipplei in patients with Whipple's disease. J Antimicrob Chemother 2011; 66:2681-2. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkr347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Kofler M, Kumru H, Schaller J. P1.5 The effect of gender on prepulse inhibition of the blink reflex. Clin Neurophysiol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s1388-2457(11)60196-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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21
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Kofler M, Kumru H, Schaller J. The effect of age on blink reflex excitability recovery. KLIN NEUROPHYSIOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1272772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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22
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Glander HJ, Schaller J. Localisation of enzymes in live spermatozoa by CellProbe™ reagents (preliminary results). Andrologia 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0272.1999.tb02840.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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23
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Abstract
Patients with neurofibromatosis have an increased risk of developing malignant tumors in comparison to the general population. We describe a woman who developed a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor in a pre-existing neurofibroma.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Dietrich
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Allergologie und Umweltmedizin, St. Barbara-Hospital, Katholisches Klinikum Duisburg, Barbarastrasse 67, 47167 Duisburg.
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Iversen V, Drews A, Schaller J, Lesjean B, Kraume M. Verringerung des Foulings in Membranbelebungsanlagen durch Zugabe von Filtrationshilfsmitteln. CHEM-ING-TECH 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.200700135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Drews A, Arellano-Garcia H, Schöneberger J, Schaller J, Wozny G, Kraume M. Optimierung von Filtrationsprozessen in MBR-Anlagen mittels automatisierter Mechanismenerkennung. CHEM-ING-TECH 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.200750352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Abstract
Photodermatoses are skin disorders which result from abnormal response to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Photodermatoses include the following disorders: polymorphic light eruption, hydroa vacciniforme, solar urticaria, actinic prurigo, acute actinic dermatosis, solar dermatosis, phototoxic dermatitis and photoallergic dermatitis. The histopathology of these disorders will be presented and its role in making the diagnosis will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Megahed
- Klinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie, Universitätsklinikum der RWTH Aachen, Pauwels-Strasse 30, 52057 Aachen, Germany.
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Abstract
Three patients with a rare extrafacial granuloma eosinophilicum are presented. Lesions were localized on the scalp, the upper back or the upper arm. Only one patient had a typical facial granuloma eosinophilicum at the same time. Diagnosis was established by histopathology. The histopathological findings vary with the age of the lesion. Early lesions are characterized by a vasculitis with many eosinophils separated by a Grenz zone from epidermis and follicular structures. With time the inflammation changes and hyalin fibrosis takes place.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rütten
- Dermatopathologische Gemeinschaftspraxis, 88048, Friedrichshafen.
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Abstract
Dermatohistology plays an essential role in the diagnosis of cutaneous tumors and inflammatory skin diseases. In order to practice dermatohistology properly, one needs not only a well-equipped laboratory but also properly trained dermatohistologists and laboratory technicians. We discuss the establishment of a dermatohistology laboratory. The technical procedures involved in making slides, ranging from traditional H & E stains, through special stains, immunohistochemistry and molecular-biological techniques, are viewed. The importance of clinical-histologic correlation and the limitations of pure histologic diagnostics are demonstrated with illustrative cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Megahed
- Dermatologisches Labor, Klinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie, Universitätsklinikum der RWTH Aachen, Pauwellsstrasse 30, 52057 Aachen, Deutschland.
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Iversen V, Schaller J, Drews A, Bonnet L, Lesjean B, Kraume M. Einfluss von flusssteigernden Zusatzstoffen auf das Foulingverhalten bei Cross-Flow- Mikrofiltration. CHEM-ING-TECH 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.200650081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Mentzel T, Toennissen J, Rütten A, Schaller J. Palmar atypical lipomatous tumour with spindle cell features (well-differentiated spindle cell liposarcoma): a rare neoplasm arising in an unusual anatomical location. Virchows Arch 2005; 446:300-4. [PMID: 15719245 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-004-1138-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2004] [Accepted: 09/08/2004] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Lipomatous tumours, both benign and malignant, arising on the hands are uncommon. We present a rare atypical lipomatous tumour with spindle cell features (synonym: well-differentiated spindle cell liposarcoma) arising on the left palm of a 54-year-old male patient. The neoplasm presented as a long-standing, exophytic neoplasm measuring 9 x 9 cm. The well-circumscribed neoplasm was completely excised, and margins were tumour free. Histologically, the neoplasm showed features closely resembling spindle cell lipoma, being composed of mature adipocytic cells associated with bland, neuroid spindle cells staining positively for CD34. However, focally, atypia of adipocytic and stromal cells as well as scattered lipoblasts were noted, and immunohistochemical stainings showed focal overexpression of MDM 2 and CDK4. Aypical lipomatous tumour with spindle cell features may arise very rarely in palmar location and has to be distinguished from a number of benign and malignant mesenchymal neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Mentzel
- Dermatopathologische Gemeinschaftspraxis, Siemensstrasse 6/1, 88048 Friedrichshafen, Germany.
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Costa L, Fernandes A, Oliveira AG, Leitzel K, Ali S, Schaller J, Demers L, Guise T, Lipton A. Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrp) expression in human bone metastases (BM). J Clin Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.9696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L. Costa
- Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal; DataMédica, Lisbon, Portugal; Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA; University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - A. Fernandes
- Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal; DataMédica, Lisbon, Portugal; Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA; University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - A. G. Oliveira
- Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal; DataMédica, Lisbon, Portugal; Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA; University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - K. Leitzel
- Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal; DataMédica, Lisbon, Portugal; Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA; University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - S. Ali
- Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal; DataMédica, Lisbon, Portugal; Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA; University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - J. Schaller
- Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal; DataMédica, Lisbon, Portugal; Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA; University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - L. Demers
- Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal; DataMédica, Lisbon, Portugal; Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA; University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - T. Guise
- Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal; DataMédica, Lisbon, Portugal; Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA; University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - A. Lipton
- Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal; DataMédica, Lisbon, Portugal; Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA; University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
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Costa L, Demers LM, Gouveia-Oliveira A, Schaller J, Costa EB, de Moura MC, Lipton A. Prospective evaluation of the peptide-bound collagen type I cross-links N-telopeptide and C-telopeptide in predicting bone metastases status. J Clin Oncol 2002; 20:850-6. [PMID: 11821470 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2002.20.3.850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective assessment of bone metastases is currently based on serial changes in skeletal survey. We performed a prospective study to determine whether a correlation exists between the biochemical markers of bone turnover and x-ray evaluation of bone metastases in patients with or without bisphosphonate therapy, and whether bone markers are influenced by extraskeletal disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with either bone or extraskeletal metastases were consecutively enrolled and World Health Organization response criteria were applied for both bone and extraosseous disease every 3 to 4 months. Serum levels of bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (B-AP) and C-telopeptide (ICTP) and urine levels of N-telopeptide (NTX) were measured monthly. The data were analyzed by generalized estimation equation regression. RESULTS We studied 97 patients with bone metastases (52 also with extraskeletal metastases) and 26 with extraosseous disease only. Median time on study was 153 days, and 281 objective evaluations (171 in bone) were performed. With bisphosphonates (49 patients receiving pamidronate and three receiving clodronate), percent change from levels without therapy was 47% for NTX (P <.001) and 69% for B-AP (P =.008). With disease progression in bone, percent change from mean levels during stable disease was 152% for NTX (P <.001) and 144% for ICTP (P <.001) regardless of bisphosphonate therapy. NTX had the highest positive predictive value (71%) for the diagnosis of bone metastases progression. Extraskeletal disease had no significant effect on bone markers. CONCLUSION Urinary NTX may be a valuable bone marker to assess the antiresorptive effect of bisphosphonate therapy and to evaluate the progression of bone metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Costa
- Hospital de Santa Maria, Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
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Kopriva S, Büchert T, Fritz G, Suter M, Weber M, Benda R, Schaller J, Feller U, Schürmann P, Schünemann V, Trautwein AX, Kroneck PM, Brunold C. Plant adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate reductase is a novel iron-sulfur protein. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:42881-6. [PMID: 11553635 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m107424200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate reductase (APR) catalyzes the two-electron reduction of adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate to sulfite and AMP, which represents the key step of sulfate assimilation in higher plants. Recombinant APRs from both Lemna minor and Arabidopsis thaliana were overexpressed in Escherichia coli and isolated as yellow-brown proteins. UV-visible spectra of these recombinant proteins indicated the presence of iron-sulfur centers, whereas flavin was absent. This result was confirmed by quantitative analysis of iron and acid-labile sulfide, suggesting a [4Fe-4S] cluster as the cofactor. EPR spectroscopy of freshly purified enzyme showed, however, only a minor signal at g = 2.01. Therefore, Mössbauer spectra of (57)Fe-enriched APR were obtained at 4.2 K in magnetic fields of up to 7 tesla, which were assigned to a diamagnetic [4Fe-4S](2+) cluster. This cluster was unusual because only three of the iron sites exhibited the same Mössbauer parameters. The fourth iron site gave, because of the bistability of the fit, a significantly smaller isomer shift or larger quadrupole splitting than the other three sites. Thus, plant assimilatory APR represents a novel type of adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate reductase with a [4Fe-4S] center as the sole cofactor, which is clearly different from the dissimilatory adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate reductases found in sulfate reducing bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kopriva
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, CH-3013 Bern, Switzerland.
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Lewis VO, O'Reilly MS, Gehrmann M, Llinás M, Schaller J, Weissbach L. Inhibition of tumor growth by plasminogen-related protein-B. Anticancer Res 2001; 21:2287-91. [PMID: 11724284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various fragments of the fibrinolytic protein plasminogen can act as antiangiogenic factors and inhibit the growth of primary and metastatic tumors in mice. Plasminogen-related gene-B encodes a putative 9 kDa protein virtually identical to the plasminogen N-terminal activation peptide, a 77-amino acid motif that is liberated from the parent plasminogen molecule during conversion to the serine proteinase plasmin. Previous data have documented enhanced transcription of plasminogen-related gene-B in neoplastic tissues. MATERIALS AND METHODS We have tested the effects of recombinant versions of plasminogen-related protein-B and the plasminogen N-terminal activation peptide on the growth of tumors in mice, employing murine tumor cell lines implanted subcutaneously. RESULTS The recombinant plasminogen-related protein-B significantly inhibited the growth of primary tumors in mice, while recombinant plasminogen N-terminal activation peptide elicited only a slight inhibition of tumor growth. CONCLUSION These data suggest that plasminogen-related protein-B may have utility as a novel cancer therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- V O Lewis
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston 02114, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Schaller
- Department für Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bern, Freiestrasse, Bern, Switzerland
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Beutler R, Kämpfer U, Schaller J, Erni B. Heterodimeric dihydroxyacetone kinase from a ptsI mutant of Escherichia coli. Microbiology (Reading) 2001; 147:249-250. [PMID: 11158340 DOI: 10.1099/00221287-147-2-249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Beutler
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, , Switzerland1
| | - U Kämpfer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, , Switzerland1
| | - J Schaller
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, , Switzerland1
| | - B Erni
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, , Switzerland1
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Abstract
Synthetic fluorogenic substrates, like the CellProbe reagents, can determine enzymes in vital human spermatozoa. These substrates will enter the cells without previous cell permeabilization and exhibit fluorescence after cleavage depending on enzyme activity. They consist of different peptide sequences, specific for the enzymes, and a fluorescein- or rhodamine 110-dye moiety. The number of positive cells and the intensity of the fluorescence can be determined by flow cytometric analysis. We investigated several enzymes (peptidases, proteinases, esterases, elastases and collagenases) in intact spermatozoa before and after cryoprotection. Semen samples with normal spermiogram parameters were cryoprotected using the freezing medium TEST yolk buffer (TYB). Fresh spermatozoa showed a marked fluorescence after incubation with the synthetic substrates for the aminopeptidase M, butyryl esterase, fluorescein diacetate (FDA)-and FDA/sodium fluoride (NAF)-esterase, ala-ala-pro-val (AAPV)-elastase, gly pro-leu-gly pro-(GPLGP)-collagenase, gly gly leu-(GGL)-subtilisin as well as lys-ala-(LA)-dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP) II. After cryopreservation the spermatozoal fluorescence increased applying substrates for butyryl esterase (P<0.05), prolyl-aminopeptidase (P<0.001) and val-lys-(VK)-cathepsin (P<0.001) most probably due to elevated enzyme activities. The activities of FDA-esterase (P<0.05) and FDA/NAF-esterase (P<0.05), AAPV-elastase (P<0.01), GPLGP-collagenase (P<0.05) and GGL-subtilisin (P<0.001) decreased after cryopreservation. The substrates for arg-gly glut-ser-(RGES)-elastase, gly phenyl-gly ala-(GFGA)-collagenase and threo-pro-(TP)-cathepsin were not cleaved before as well as after cryostorage. The substrates for subtilisin an
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Affiliation(s)
- J Schaller
- Department of Dermatology, St. Barbara Hospital, Duisburg, Germany
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Kuhn-Nentwig L, Schaller J, Kämpfer U, Imboden H, Malli H, Nentwig W. A lysine rich C-terminal tail is directly involved in the toxicity of CSTX-1, a neurotoxic peptide from the venom of the spider Cupiennius salei. Arch Insect Biochem Physiol 2000; 44:101-111. [PMID: 10897091 DOI: 10.1002/1520-6327(200007)44:3<101::aid-arch1>3.0.co;2-s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
CSTX-1 (74 amino acids, 8,352.62 Da) is a potent neurotoxin from the venom of Cupiennius salei. With the monoclonal antibody 9H3 against CSTX-1, we identified two similar peptides by Western blot analysis. These two peptides were purified by RP-HPLC: CSTX-2a (61 amino acids, 6865.75 Da) and CSTX-2b (60 amino acids, 6709.57 Da). Using ESI-MS analysis and sequencing we verified that CSTX-2a is a truncated version of CSTX-1. CSTX-2b differs from CSTX-2a by the absence of Arg61. Toxicity of CSTX-1, CSTX-2a, and CSTX-2b to Drosophila melanogaster showed that the absence of the last 13 amino acids of CSTX-1 results in a seven-fold activity loss. CSTX-2b, which lacks Arg61 is 190-fold less toxic. We conclude that the C-terminal part of CSTX-1, especially Arg61, is essential for the expression of toxicity. CSTX-1 is degraded to CSTX-2a and CSTX-2b by proteases that are released from venom gland cells by apocrine secretion.
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Abstract
Evidence suggests that beta-amyloid (Abeta) has chemokine-like properties and may act through formyl chemotactic receptors (FPR) to induce pathophysiologically important functional changes in Alzheimer's disease (AD) microglia. We have shown that Abeta 1-42, fibrillar Abeta 1-40, and Abeta 25-35 potentiate the release of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) from LPS activated human THP-1 monocytes [26] and LPS primed rat microglia. Moreover, Abeta-stimulated IL-1beta secretion seems to be receptor mediated because it is calcium dependent and requires activation of specific G-proteins [27]. Thus, we have evaluated the ability of Abeta 1-42 to mimic formyl chemotactic peptides in stimulating IL-1beta release from THP-1 monocytes. Several of the formyl chemotactic peptides and Abeta 1-42 significantly enhanced IL-1beta production in THP-1 monocytes. In contrast, a formyl chemotactic receptor antagonist inhibited Abeta 1-42-induced IL-1beta release from both human THP-1 monocytes and primary rat microglia. Further, primary rat microglia grown in culture expressed FPR as demonstrated by immunocytochemistry. Given the multiple pathophysiologic roles IL-1beta may play in AD, agents that block Abeta interactions with formyl chemotactic receptors on microglia might be important antiinflammatory therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Lorton
- Hoover Arthritis Research Center, Sun Health Research Institute, 10515 West Santa Fe Drive, Sun City, AZ 85351, USA.
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Haeberli S, Kuhn-Nentwig L, Schaller J, Nentwig W. Characterisation of antibacterial activity of peptides isolated from the venom of the spider Cupiennius salei (Araneae: Ctenidae). Toxicon 2000; 38:373-80. [PMID: 10669026 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-0101(99)00167-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The characterisation of the antimicrobial activity of five antibacterial peptides, isolated from the venom of the neotropical wandering spider Cupiennius salei is reported here. The peptides have a molecular mass, determined by electrospray ionisation-mass spectrometry, between 3-4 kDa. Minimal inhibitory concentrations against five different bacteria species were determined by a liquid growth inhibition assay. All five peptides showed minimal inhibitory concentrations that are comparable to those of other known antibacterial peptides, like insect defensins and cecropins, found in the last years in a large diversity of animals. The peptides are supposed to lyse the cells by formation of either distinct channels or pores, but their mode of action is not yet revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Haeberli
- Institute of Zoology, University of Bern, Switzerland
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41
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Suter M, von Ballmoos P, Kopriva S, den Camp RO, Schaller J, Kuhlemeier C, Schürmann P, Brunold C. Adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate sulfotransferase and adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate reductase are identical enzymes. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:930-6. [PMID: 10625629 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.275.2.930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (APS) sulfotransferase and APS reductase have been described as key enzymes of assimilatory sulfate reduction of plants catalyzing the reduction of APS to bound and free sulfite, respectively. APS sulfotransferase was purified to homogeneity from Lemna minor and compared with APS reductase previously obtained by functional complementation of a mutant strain of Escherichia coli with an Arabidopsis thaliana cDNA library. APS sulfotransferase was a homodimer with a monomer M(r) of 43,000. Its amino acid sequence was 73% identical with APS reductase. APS sulfotransferase purified from Lemna as well as the recombinant enzyme were yellow proteins, indicating the presence of a cofactor. Like recombinant APS reductase, recombinant APS sulfotransferase used APS (K(m) = 6.5 microM) and not adenosine 3'-phosphate 5'-phosphosulfate as sulfonyl donor. The V(max) of recombinant Lemna APS sulfotransferase (40 micromol min(-1) mg protein(-1)) was about 10 times higher than the previously published V(max) of APS reductase. The product of APS sulfotransferase from APS and GSH was almost exclusively SO(3)(2-). Bound sulfite in the form of S-sulfoglutathione was only appreciably formed when oxidized glutathione was added to the incubation mixture. Because SO(3)(2-) was the first reaction product of APS sulfotransferase, this enzyme should be renamed APS reductase.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Suter
- Institute for Plant Physiology, University of Berne, Altenbergrain 21, 3013 Berne, Switzerland
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Abstract
The effects of cryopreservation on two characteristics of human spermatozoa were investigated: the early phases of disturbed plasma membrane function and the activity of enzymes in intact spermatozoa. The membrane function was detected by means of the calcium-dependent binding of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-conjugated Annexin V to sperm plasma membranes. Annexin V monitors the translocation of phosphatidylserine from the inner to the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane, which is one of the earliest features of membrane disintegration. For the second aim synthetic fluorogenic substrates for peptidases, proteinases, esterases, elastases and collagenases were applied. These substrates, CellProbe trade mark reagents consist of different peptide sequences, specific for the enzymes, and a fluorescein- or rhodamine 110-dye moiety. They enter the cells without previous membrane permeabilisation and exhibit fluorescence after cleavage depending on enzyme activity. The number of positive cells and the intensity of the fluorescence were determined by flow cytometric analysis comparing fresh spermatozoa with cryopreserved ones. Thirty-five semen samples collected from 35 donors were cryopreserved using the freezing medium TEST yolk buffer. All specimens showed normal spermiogram parameters. Twenty-five of the samples were used for detection of Annexin V-FITC binding and 10 semen samples for investigations of the intracellular enzymes. The Annexin V-assay applied two fluorescent dyes (Annexin V, AN and propidium iodide, PI) which led to three groups of spermatozoa (a) viable spermatozoa (AN V-negative and PI-negative), (b) dead spermatozoa (AN V-positive and PI-positive) and (c) cells with impaired but integer plasma membrane (AN V-positive and PI-negative). The percentage of vital Annexin V-negative spermatozoa (x +/- SEM) decreased significantly (p < 0.001) from fresh spermatozoa (51.6 +/- 3.1) to cryopreserved spermatozoa (26.6 +/- 2.2%) and was associated with their motility (57.9 +/- 1.9% motile fresh spermatozoa vs. 22.6 +/- 3.9% motile sperm after cryopreservation). Of the spermatozoa 28.2% were Annexin V-positive before and 44.4% after cryostorage even though they did not bind to PI. Thus, vital spermatozoa showed a disturbed membrane function indicating viability before as well as after cryostorage. Moreover, after cryopreservation the spermatozoal fluorescence increased applying substrates for butyryl esterase (p < 0.05), prolyl-aminopeptidase (p < 0.001) and val-lys-(VK)-cathepsin (p < 0.001). In contrast, the activities of fluorescein diacetate (FDA)- and FDA/sodium fluoride (NAF)-esterase (p < 0.05), ala-ala-pro-val-(AAPV)-elastase (p < 0.001), gly-pro-leu-gly-pro-(GPLGP)-collagenase (p < 0.05) and gly-gly-leu-(GGL)-subtilisin (p < 0.001) decreased after cryopreservation. The substrates for arg-gly-glut-ser-(RGES)-elastase, gly-phenyl-gly-ala-(GFGA)-collagenase and threo-pro-(TP)-cathepsin were not cleaved before as well as after cryostorage. In addition to the known effects of sperm cryopreservation our results showed two further alterations of human ejaculated spermatozoa: (a) disturbed plasma membrane function, which is not detectable by supravital staining and (b) a changed pattern of intracellular enzyme activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Glander
- Department of Dermatology/Andrology Unit, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 21, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
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Lorton D, Lubahn C, Engan C, Schaller J, Felten DL, Bellinger DL. Local application of capsaicin into the draining lymph nodes attenuates expression of adjuvant-induced arthritis. Neuroimmunomodulation 2000; 7:115-25. [PMID: 10754399 DOI: 10.1159/000026429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Adjuvant-induced experimental arthritis (AA) was examined in adult male Lewis rats after isolated capsaicin (CAPS)-induced loss of small, nonmyelinated, afferent fibers in lymph nodes draining the site of adjuvant challenge. AA was induced by intradermal injection of Freund's complete adjuvant (CFA) into the subplantar area of the right hind paw. Controls received similar injections of mineral oil, the vehicle for CFA. One day later, half of the CFA-treated rats and half of the mineral oil-treated rats received injections of CAPS bilaterally into the draining lymph nodes (DLN). The DLN of remaining rats were injected with 50:50 ethanol/sterile physiological saline, the vehicle for CAPS. This paradigm resulted in four groups designated: CFA/CAPS, CFA/vehicle, vehicle/CAPS and vehicle/vehicle. Since substance P (SP) is present in small, nonmyelinated, afferent fibers, the target of the neurotoxin, CAPS, a radioimmunoassay specific for SP was used to verify the loss of these nerve fibers. CAPS injections into the DLN resulted in a loss in SP concentration in the DLN, with no depletion of SP in the spleen or sciatic nerve. These findings support the destruction of SP-containing nerves, which we interpret as verification of the selective loss of small, non-myelinated afferent nerves in the DLN with no significant spread of the neurotoxin to the nearby sciatic nerves which supply small, nonmyelinated, afferent fibers to the hind limb joints. Also, preservation of SP content in spleen indicates CAPS did not circulate via the lymphatic drainage. No chronic inflammation was observed in the fore or hind limbs from rats treated with the vehicle for CFA (vehicle/vehicle, vehicle/CAPS) at any time during the study. In CFA/vehicle-treated rats, bilateral, symmetrical inflammation of the hind limbs was apparent 14 days after challenge with CFA, and became progressively more inflamed through day 20. In contrast, hind limb inflammation in arthritic rats treated with CAPS was not symmetrical. On days 14 and 20 after challenge with CFA, the inflammatory response in the left hind limb, contralateral to the site of CFA injection, was significantly (p < 0.05) attenuated compared with the response seen on the right side of CFA/CAPS-treated rats, and with the response seen in left hind limb of CFA/vehicle-treated animals. In fact, the mean dorsoplantar width of contralateral hind limbs from CFA/CAPS-treated animals was not different from that measured in non-AA control groups. These findings support a role for small, nonmyelinated, sensory nerves that modulate immune responses in DLN in the development and progression of AA in Lewis rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Lorton
- Hoover Arthritis Center, Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, Arizona 85372, USA.
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Babiychuk EB, Palstra RJ, Schaller J, Kämpfer U, Draeger A. Annexin VI participates in the formation of a reversible, membrane-cytoskeleton complex in smooth muscle cells. J Biol Chem 1999; 274:35191-5. [PMID: 10575003 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.49.35191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The plasmalemma of smooth muscle cells is periodically banded. This arrangement ensures efficient transmission of contractile activity, via the firm, actin-anchoring regions, while the more elastic caveolae-containing "hinge" regions facilitate rapid cellular adaptation to changes in cell length. Since cellular mechanics are undoubtedly regulated by components of the membrane and cytoskeleton, we have investigated the potential role played by annexins (a family of phospholipid- and actin-binding, Ca(2+)-regulated proteins) in regulating sarcolemmal organization. Stimulation of smooth muscle cells elicited a relocation of annexin VI from the cytoplasm to the plasmalemma. In smooth, but not in striated muscle extracts, annexins II and VI coprecipitated with actomyosin and the caveolar fraction of the sarcolemma at elevated Ca(2+) concentrations. Recombination of actomyosin, annexins, and caveolar lipids in the presence of Ca(2+) led to formation of a structured precipitate. Participation of all 3 components was required, indicating that a Ca(2+)-dependent, cytoskeleton-membrane complex had been generated. This association, which occurred at physiological Ca(2+) concentrations, corroborates our biochemical fractionation and immunohistochemical findings and suggests that annexins play a role in regulating sarcolemmal organization during smooth muscle contraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- E B Babiychuk
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
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Lorton D, Lubahn C, Klein N, Schaller J, Bellinger DL. Dual role for noradrenergic innervation of lymphoid tissue and arthritic joints in adjuvant-induced arthritis. Brain Behav Immun 1999; 13:315-34. [PMID: 10600219 DOI: 10.1006/brbi.1999.0564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of noradrenergic innervation in the disease outcome of adjuvant-induced arthritis (AA) has been examined following (1) systemic administration of guanethidine and (2) local application of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) into the lymph nodes that drain the hind limbs (DLN). Sympathetic denervation by these different neurotoxins produced directionally opposite effects on disease outcome. These conflicting findings could be explained from differential denervation of sympathetic nerves in key target tissues that result from different routes of neurotoxin administration. Alternatively, these conflicting data could be due to differences in the mechanisms by which guanethidine and 6-OHDA destroy sympathetic nerve terminals. In this study, we compared disease outcome in AA following systemic and local DLN application of 6-OHDA to determine whether the route of administration is important to the development and progression of AA. Bilateral local DLN application of 6-OHDA or vehicle was performed 1 day before injection of Freund's complete adjuvant (CFA) to induce arthritis. For systemic denervation, 6-OHDA or vehicle was given by ip injections on days 1, 3, and 5 prior to CFA challenge and then once a week. Local DLN application of 6-OHDA resulted in significant increases in dorsoplantar width in arthritic rats by 27 days following CFA treatment compared to those of non-denervated arthritic rats. In contrast, systemic denervation in arthritic rats significantly decreased dorsoplantar widths 27 days after CFA treatment compared to those in sympathetically intact arthritic animals. X-ray analysis confirmed these findings. Further, local DLN application of 6-OHDA exacerbated the disease regardless of whether the neurotoxin was administered prior to immunization with CFA or closer to the time of disease onset. Our findings indicate that the route of 6-OHDA administration for denervation of sympathetic innervation is an important parameter in determining disease outcome, presumably due to differential sympathetic denervation of target tissues that are involved in disease development and progression. 6-OHDA administration into local DLN denervated these lymph nodes, but spared sympathetic innervation of the hind limbs, a pattern of sympathetic denervation that resulted in disease exacerbation. In contrast, systemic 6-OHDA administration which denervated both the arthritic joints and the secondary lymphoid organs attenuated the severity of AA. This study supports a dual role for NA innervation in modulating the severity of AA by innervation of the arthritic joints and lymphoid organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Lorton
- Hoover Arthritis Center, Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, Arizona, 85372, USA
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Abstract
The kringle 2 (K2) module of human plasminogen (Pgn) binds L-lysine and analogous zwitterionic compounds, such as the antifibronolytic agent trans-(aminomethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid (AMCHA). Far-UV CD and NMR spectra reveal little conformational change in K2 upon ligand binding. However, retarded (1)H-(2)H isotope exchange kinetics induced by AMCHA indicate stabilization of the K2 conformation by the ligand. Assessment of secondary structure content from CD spectra yields approximately 26% beta-STRAND, approximately 13% beta-TURN, approximately 15% 3(1)-HELIX, and approximately 6% 3(10)-HELIX. The NMR solution conformation of the K2 domain complexed to AMCHA has been determined [heavy atom rmsd = 0.49 +/- 0.09A (BACKBONE) AND 1.02+/- 0.08 (ALL)]. The K2 molecule has overall dimensions of approximately 34.5A times approximately 33.4A times approximately 22.7A . Analogous with the polypeptide outline of homologous domains, K2 contains three short antiparallel beta-sheets (paired strands 15-16/20-21, 24-25/48-49, and 62-64/72-74) and four defined beta-turns (residues 6-9, 16-19, 53-56, AND 67-70). Consistent with the CD analysis, albeit novel in the context of kringle folding, the NMR structure reveals an unpaired beta-strand structured by residues 30-32, a turn of 3(10)-helix compromising residues 38-41, and a 3(1)-helix for residues 21-24 and 74-79. We also identify alignable 3(1)-helices in previously reported homologous kringle structures. Rather high order parameter S(2) values (<S(2)>= approximately 0.85 +/- 0.04) characterize the K2 backbone dynamics. The lowest flexibility is observed for the two inner loop segments of residues 51-63 AND 63-75 (<S(2)>= approximately 0.86-0.87 +/- 0.03). Overhauser connectivities reveal close hydrophobic contacts of the ligand ring with side chains of Tyr(36), Trp(62), Phe(64), Trp(72), AND Leu(74). In most K2 structures, the N atom of AMCHA places itself approximately 3.9 and 4.4A from the anionic groups of Glu(57) and Asp(55), respectively, while its carboxylate group, H-bonded to the Tyr(36) side chain OH(eta), ion-pairs the Arg(71) guanidinium group. Consistent with the preference of K2 for binding 5-aminopentanoic acid over 6-aminohexanoic acid, the positions of the ionic centers within the K2 binding site approach each other approximately 1A closer relative to what is observed in lysine binding sites of homologous Pgn modules.
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Affiliation(s)
- D N Marti
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
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Behar D, Schaller J, Easter D, Hofmann M. "Miraculous" recovery from severe chronic psychosis after coma from septicemia. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 1999; 11:412-3. [PMID: 10440023 DOI: 10.1176/jnp.11.3.412-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Glander HJ, Schaller J. O-152. Flow cytometric and fluorescence microscopic investigations of enzymes in live spermatozoa. Hum Reprod 1999. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/14.suppl_3.84-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Glander HJ, Schaller J. Binding of annexin V to plasma membranes of human spermatozoa: a rapid assay for detection of membrane changes after cryostorage. Mol Hum Reprod 1999; 5:109-15. [PMID: 10065865 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/5.2.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
When the cell membrane is disturbed, phospholipid phosphatidylserine (PS) is translocated from the inner to the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane. This is one of the earliest signs of apoptosis and can be monitored by the calcium-dependent binding of annexin V. Therefore, annexin V-binding, in conjunction with flow cytometry, was used to evaluate the integrity of the sperm plasma membrane after different cryostorage protocols: i.e. 10% (v/v) glycerol; sperm maintenance medium (MM); freezing medium TEST yolk buffer (TYB); or cryostorage without protection (cryoshock). Using a combination of two fluorescent dyes, annexin V and propidium iodide (PI), led to three groups of spermatozoa being identified: (i) viable spermatozoa (annexin V-negative and PI-negative); (ii) dead spermatozoa (annexin V-positive and PI-positive); and (iii) cells with impaired but integer plasma membrane (annexin V-positive and PI-negative). The percentage of vital annexin V-negative spermatozoa increased significantly (P < 0.05) from spermatozoa treated by cryoshock (15.0+/-1.2%) to spermatozoa cryopreserved by TYB (26.6+/-2.2%) via cryopreservation by 10% (v/v) glycerol (19.9+/-1.6%) and by MM (22.2 1.8%) and was associated with the percentage of motile spermatozoa (17.6+/-3.4% by glycerol; 19.6+/-3.7% by MM and 22.6+/-3.9% by TYB; P = 0.0001). Of the spermatozoa, 12-22% were annexin V-positive even though they did not bind to PI, indicating viability before as well as after cryostorage. The percentage of vital annexin V-positive spermatozoa was significantly correlated with different sperm motility parameters (velocity straight linear, r = 0.601, P = 0.018; percentage of linearly motile spermatozoa: r = 0.549, P = 0.034). We, therefore, concluded that annexin V-binding is more sensitive in detecting a deterioration of membrane functions than PI staining, and that a considerable percentage of spermatozoa might have dysfunctional plasma membranes besides dead or moribund cells. Of the cryopreservation protocols tested, TYB yielded the most viable spermatozoa. Therefore, we advocate the use of the annexin V-binding assay for the evaluation of the quality and integrity of spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Glander
- Department of Dermatology, University of Leipzig, Germany
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Carlson JA, Rohwedder A, Daulat S, Schwartz J, Schaller J. Detection of human papillomavirus type 10 DNA in eccrine syringofibroadenomatosis occurring in Clouston's syndrome. J Am Acad Dermatol 1999; 40:259-62. [PMID: 10025758 DOI: 10.1016/s0190-9622(99)70201-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Syringofibroadenomatosis is often associated with an underlying condition such as diabetes mellitus or hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. By reason of these associations, a reactive or hamartomatous cause is suspected. We report a case of a 71-year-old woman with Clouston's syndrome in whom progressive multiple palmoplantar syringofibroadenomas developed over a 10-year period. The syringofibroadenomas formed flat-topped papules simulating verruca plana; the widespread distribution and chronic progressive course resembled epidermodysplasia verruciformis. Contiguous with the syringofibroadenoma's characteristic epithelial-stromal proliferation were epidermal changes of verruca plana. Evidence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection was verified by immunolabeling with antibodies to bovine papillomavirus type 1 and detection of HPV 10 viral DNA by means of polymerase chain reaction. Rather than a hamartomatous process, these findings suggest that syringofibroadenomas occurring in the setting of Clouston's syndrome could represent an HPV-induced epithelial proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Carlson
- Department of Pathology, Albany Medical College, New York 12208, USA
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