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Lee YS, Bang YJ, Yoo S, Park SI, Park HJ, Kwak HW, Bae SH, Park HJ, Kim JY, Youn SB, Roh G, Lee S, Kwon SP, Bang EK, Keum G, Nam JH, Hong SH. Analysis of the Immunostimulatory Effects of Cytokine-Expressing Internal Ribosome Entry Site-Based RNA Adjuvants and Their Applications. J Infect Dis 2024; 229:1408-1418. [PMID: 37711050 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Developing new adjuvants that can effectively induce humoral and cellular immune responses while broadening the immune response is of great value. In this study, we aimed to develop single-stranded RNA adjuvants expressing (1) granulocyte monocyte colony-stimulating factor or (2) interleukin 18 based on the encephalomyocarditis virus internal ribosome entry site; we also tested their efficacy in combination with ovalbumin or inactivated influenza vaccines. Notably, cytokine-expressing RNA adjuvants increased the expression of antigen-presenting cell activation markers in mice. Specifically, when combined with ovalbumin, RNA adjuvants expressing granulocyte monocyte colony-stimulating factor increased CD4+ T-cell responses, while those expressing interleukin 18 increased CD8+ T-cell responses. Cytokine-expressing RNA adjuvants further increased the frequency of polyclonal T cells with the influenza vaccine and reduced the clinical illness scores and weight loss of mice after viral challenge. Collectively, our results suggest that cytokine-expressing RNA adjuvants can be applied to protein-based or inactivated vaccines to increase their efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Sun Lee
- Department of Biotechnology
- BK21 FOUR Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon
| | - Yoo-Jin Bang
- Department of Biotechnology
- Central Research Institute, SML Biopharm, Gwangmyeong
| | - Soyeon Yoo
- Center for Brain Technology, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul
| | - Sang-In Park
- Central Research Institute, SML Biopharm, Gwangmyeong
| | - Hyo-Jung Park
- Department of Biotechnology
- BK21 FOUR Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon
| | - Hye Won Kwak
- Central Research Institute, SML Biopharm, Gwangmyeong
| | - Seo-Hyeon Bae
- Department of Biotechnology
- BK21 FOUR Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon
| | | | - Jae-Yong Kim
- Department of Biotechnology
- Central Research Institute, SML Biopharm, Gwangmyeong
| | - Sue-Bean Youn
- Department of Biotechnology
- BK21 FOUR Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon
| | - Gahyun Roh
- Department of Biotechnology
- BK21 FOUR Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon
| | - Seonghyun Lee
- Department of Biotechnology
- BK21 FOUR Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon
| | - Sung Pil Kwon
- Center for Brain Technology, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul
| | - Eun-Kyoung Bang
- Center for Brain Technology, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul
| | - Gyochang Keum
- Center for Brain Technology, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul
| | - Jae-Hwan Nam
- BK21 FOUR Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon
| | - So-Hee Hong
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Son RH, Kim MI, Kim HM, Guo S, Lee DH, Lim GM, Kim SM, Kim JY, Kim CY. Potential of Lycii Radicis Cortex as an Ameliorative Agent for Skeletal Muscle Atrophy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:462. [PMID: 38675422 PMCID: PMC11054743 DOI: 10.3390/ph17040462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Lycii Radicis Cortex (LRC) is a traditional medicine in East Asia with various beneficial effects, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-diabetic, and anti-depressant properties. However, its potential effects on skeletal muscle atrophy have not been studied. In this study, the protective effects of LRC extract (LRCE) on dexamethasone (DEX)-induced muscle atrophy were investigated in C2C12 myotubes and mice. We evaluated the effect of LRCE on improving muscle atrophy using a variety of methods, including immunofluorescence staining, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), Western blot, measurements of oxidative stress, apoptosis, ATP levels, and muscle tissue analysis. The results showed that LRCE improved myotube diameter, fusion index, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, mitochondrial content, ATP levels, expression of myogenin and myosin heavy chain (MHC), and reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in dexamethasone-induced C2C12 myotubes. LRCE also enhanced protein synthesis and reduced protein degradation in the myotubes. In mice treated with DEX, LRCE restored calf thickness, decreased mRNA levels of muscle-specific RING finger protein 1 (MuRF1) and atrogin-1, and increased insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) mRNA level. Moreover, LRCE also repaired gastrocnemius muscle atrophy caused by DEX. Although human studies are not available, various preclinical studies have identified potential protective effects of LRCE against muscle atrophy, suggesting that it could be utilized in the prevention and treatment of muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rak Ho Son
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea; (R.H.S.); (H.M.K.); (S.G.); (D.H.L.); (G.M.L.)
- R&D Center, Huons Co., Ltd., 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea;
| | - Myeong Il Kim
- R&D Center, Huons Co., Ltd., 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hye Mi Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea; (R.H.S.); (H.M.K.); (S.G.); (D.H.L.); (G.M.L.)
| | - Shuo Guo
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea; (R.H.S.); (H.M.K.); (S.G.); (D.H.L.); (G.M.L.)
| | - Do Hyun Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea; (R.H.S.); (H.M.K.); (S.G.); (D.H.L.); (G.M.L.)
| | - Gyu Min Lim
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea; (R.H.S.); (H.M.K.); (S.G.); (D.H.L.); (G.M.L.)
| | - Seong-Min Kim
- Medical Device Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), 88 Dongnae-ro, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jae-Yong Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea; (R.H.S.); (H.M.K.); (S.G.); (D.H.L.); (G.M.L.)
- R&D Center, Huons Co., Ltd., 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea;
| | - Chul Young Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea; (R.H.S.); (H.M.K.); (S.G.); (D.H.L.); (G.M.L.)
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Irfan S, Kim JY, Kurt H. Ultra-compact and efficient photonic waveguide bends with different configurations designed by topology optimization. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6453. [PMID: 38499556 PMCID: PMC10948862 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53881-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Transporting light signals over the corners and sharp bends imposes high optical loss and distortion on the mode profiles. Usually, bends with larger radii are used in circuits to minimize the loss over transmission, resulting in a severe limitation in integration density. In this paper, we propose novel topology-optimized optimized L-bend and U-bend structures designed for a 220 nm silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform. Optimized L-bends with footprints of 2.5 µm × 2.5 µm, 1.5 µm × 1.5 µm, and 1 µm × 1 µm show maximum insertion losses of only 0.07 dB, 0.26 dB, and 0.78 dB, respectively. For optimized U-bends with footprints of 3 µm × 3.6 µm, 2.5 µm × 2.5 µm, and 1.5 µm × 1.5 µm, the maximum insertion losses are 0.07 dB, 0.21 dB, and 3.16 dB. These optimized bends reduce the maximum insertion loss by over 50% compared to un-optimized arc-type bends across a broad wavelength range of 1450-1650 nm. Experimental verification of a meander line with 16 optimized U-bends (3 µm × 3.6 µm) demonstrates an averaged insertion loss of 1.23 dB in the wavelength range of 1520-1580 nm, agreeing with simulated results and indicating a high potential of loss reduction with optimized bends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabaina Irfan
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Jae-Yong Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Hamza Kurt
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea.
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Saygin D, DiRenzo D, Raaphorst J, de Groot I, Bingham CO, Lundberg IE, Regardt M, Sarver C, de Visser M, Maxwell LJ, Beaton D, Kim JY, Needham M, Alexanderson H, Christopher-Stine L, Mecoli CA, Park JK. Responsiveness and meaningful thresholds of PROMIS pain interference, fatigue, and physical function forms in adults with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: Report from the OMERACT Myositis Working Group. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2024; 64:152339. [PMID: 38141522 DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2023.152339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A series of qualitative studies conducted by the OMERACT Myositis Working Group identified pain interference, fatigue, and physical function as highly important life impact domains for adults with idiopathic inflammatory myositis (IIM). In this study, our goal was to assess the responsiveness and minimal important difference of PROMIS pain interference (6a), fatigue (7a), and physical function (8b). METHODS Adults with IIM from USA, Netherlands, Korea, Sweden, and Australia with two "clinical" visits were enrolled in this prospective study. Anchor questions on a Likert scale were collected at baseline, and manual muscle testing (MMT), physician and patient reported global disease activity, and PROMIS instruments were collected at both visits. Responsiveness was assessed with i) ANOVA, ii) paired t-test, effect size and standardized response mean, and iii) Pearson correlation. Minimal important difference (MID), minimal important change (MIC) and minimal detectable change (MDC) values were calculated. RESULTS 114 patients with IIM (median age 60, 60 % female) completed both visits. Changes in PROMIS instruments were significantly different among anchor categories. Patients who reported improvement had a significant improvement in their PROMIS scores with at least medium effect size, while patients who reported worsening and stability did not show a significant change with weak effect size. PROMIS instruments had weak to moderate correlations with MMT, patient and physician global disease activity. MID was approximately 2-3 points for Pain Interference and 3-4 points for Fatigue and Physical Function forms based on the method used. MIC was approximately 4-5 for improvement of all the instruments, while MDC was 1.7-2 points for Pain Interference and Physical Function and 3.2-3.9 for Fatigue. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence towards the responsiveness of the PROMIS instruments in a large international prospective cohort of adults with IIM supporting their use as PROMs in adult myositis.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Saygin
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - D DiRenzo
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - J Raaphorst
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - C O Bingham
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
| | - I E Lundberg
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Regardt
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Occupational Therapy, Karolinska Institutet and Medical Unit Occupational Therapy and Physical Therapy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - M de Visser
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - L J Maxwell
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - D Beaton
- Institute for Work & Health and Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - J Y Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital and College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - M Needham
- Department of Neurology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, IIID Murdoch University and University of Notre Dame, Perth, Australia
| | - H Alexanderson
- Medical Unit Occupational Therapy and Physical Therapy, Karolinska University Hospital and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L Christopher-Stine
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
| | - C A Mecoli
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
| | - J K Park
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital and College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Kwon M, Joung CI, Shin H, Lee CC, Song YS, Lee YJ, Kang S, Kim JY, Lee S. Detection of novel drug-adverse drug reaction signals in rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis: analysis of Korean real-world biologics registry data. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2660. [PMID: 38302579 PMCID: PMC10834537 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52822-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to detect signals of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and targeted therapies in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients. Utilizing the KOrean College of Rheumatology BIOlogics & Targeted Therapy Registry (KOBIO) data, we calculated relative risks, excluded previously reported drug-ADR pairs, and externally validated remaining pairs using US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) and single centre's electronic health records (EHR) data. Analyzing data from 2279 RA and 1940 AS patients, we identified 35 significant drug-ADR pairs in RA and 26 in AS, previously unreported in drug labels. Among the novel drug-ADR pairs from KOBIO, 15 were also significant in the FAERS data. Additionally, 2 significant drug-laboratory abnormality pairs were found in RA using CDM MetaLAB analysis. Our findings contribute to the identification of 14 novel drug-ADR signals, expanding our understanding of potential adverse effects related to biological DMARDs and targeted therapies in RA and AS. These results emphasize the importance of ongoing pharmacovigilance for patient safety and optimal therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kwon
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, South Korea
- Konyang University Myunggok Medical Research Institute, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - C I Joung
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - H Shin
- Healthcare Data Science Centre, Konyang University Hospital, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - C C Lee
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Y S Song
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Y J Lee
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, School of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - S Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - J Y Kim
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, South Korea
- Healthcare Data Science Centre, Konyang University Hospital, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - S Lee
- Department of Computer Engineering, Gachon University, (13120) 1342 Seongnamdaero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea.
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Park SI, Park S, Lee K, Kwak HW, Kim YK, Park HJ, Bang YJ, Kim JY, Kim D, Seo KW, Lee SJ, Kim H, Kim Y, Kim DH, Park HJ, Jung SY, Ga E, Hwang J, Na W, Hong SH, Lee SM, Nam JH. Intranasal immunization with the recombinant measles virus encoding the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 confers protective immunity against COVID-19 in hamsters. Vaccine 2024; 42:69-74. [PMID: 38097457 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the nasal mucosa is the initial site of infection for COVID-19, intranasal vaccines are more favorable than conventional vaccines. In recent clinical studies, intranasal immunization has been shown to generate higher neutralizing antibodies; however, there is a lack of evidence on sterilizing immunity in the upper airway. Previously, we developed a recombinant measles virus encoding the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 (rMeV-S), eliciting humoral and cellular immune responses against SARS-CoV-2. OBJECTIVES In this study, we aim to provide an experiment on nasal vaccines focusing on a measles virus platform as well as injection routes. STUDY DESIGN Recombinant measles viruses expressing rMeV-S were prepared, and 5 × 105 PFUs of rMeV-S were administered to Syrian golden hamsters via intramuscular or intranasal injection. Subsequently, the hamsters were challenged with inoculations of 1 × 105 PFUs of SARS-CoV-2 and euthanized 4 days post-infection. Neutralizing antibodies and RBD-specific IgG in the serum and RBD-specific IgA in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured, and SARS-CoV-2 clearance capacity was determined via quantitative reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis and viral titer measurement in the upper respiratory tract and lungs. Immunohistochemistry and histopathological examinations of lung samples from experimental hamsters were conducted. RESULTS The intranasal immunization of rMeV-S elicits protective immune responses and alleviates virus-induced pathophysiology, such as body weight reduction and lung weight increase in hamsters. Furthermore, lung immunohistochemistry demonstrated that intranasal rMeV-S immunization induces effective SARS-CoV-2 clearance that correlates with viral RNA content, as determined by qRT-PCR, in the lung and nasal wash samples, SARS-CoV-2 viral titers in lung, nasal wash, BALF samples, serum RBD-specific IgG concentration, and RBD-specific IgA concentration in the BALF. CONCLUSION An intranasal vaccine based on the measles virus platform is a promising strategy owing to the typical route of infection of the virus, the ease of administration of the vaccine, and the strong immune response it elicits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sohyun Park
- Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kunse Lee
- SK Bioscience, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Won Kwak
- SML Biopharm, Gwangmyeong, Republic of Korea; The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Hyeong-Jun Park
- SML Biopharm, Gwangmyeong, Republic of Korea; The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo-Jin Bang
- The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Yong Kim
- The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Daegeun Kim
- SML Biopharm, Gwangmyeong, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Hun Kim
- SK Bioscience, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonhwa Kim
- Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Hyung Kim
- SML Biopharm, Gwangmyeong, Republic of Korea; The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jung Park
- The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Eulhae Ga
- Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehyun Hwang
- Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Woonsung Na
- Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Hee Hong
- Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jae-Hwan Nam
- The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea.
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Bhujel B, Oh SH, Kim CM, Yoon YJ, Chung HS, Ye EA, Lee H, Kim JY. Current Advances in Regenerative Strategies for Dry Eye Diseases: A Comprehensive Review. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 11:39. [PMID: 38247916 PMCID: PMC10813666 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED) is an emerging health issue affecting millions of individuals annually. Ocular surface disorders, such as DED, are characterized by inflammation triggered by various factors. This condition can lead to tear deficiencies, resulting in the desiccation of the ocular surface, corneal ulceration/perforation, increased susceptibility to infections, and a higher risk of severe visual impairment and blindness. Currently, the clinical management of DED primarily relies on supportive and palliative measures, including the frequent and lifelong use of different lubricating agents. While some advancements like punctal plugs, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and salivary gland autografts have been attempted, they have shown limited effectiveness. Recently, there have been promising developments in the treatment of DED, including biomaterials such as nano-systems, hydrogels, and contact lenses for drug delivery, cell-based therapies, biological approaches, and tissue-based regenerative therapy. This article specifically explores the different strategies reported so far for treating DED. The aim is to discuss their potential as long-term cures for DED while also considering the factors that limit their feasibility and effectiveness. These advancements offer hope for more effective and sustainable treatment options in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jae-Yong Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (B.B.); (S.-H.O.); (C.-M.K.); (Y.-J.Y.); (H.-S.C.); (E.-A.Y.); (H.L.)
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Lee S, Yoon H, Hong SH, Kwon SP, Hong JJ, Kwak HW, Park HJ, Yoo S, Bae SH, Park HJ, Lee J, Bang YJ, Lee YS, Kim JY, Yoon S, Roh G, Cho Y, Kim Y, Kim D, Park SI, Kim DH, Lee S, Oh A, Ha D, Lee SY, Park M, Hwang EH, Bae G, Jeon E, Park SH, Choi WS, Oh HR, Kim IW, Youn H, Keum G, Bang EK, Rhee JH, Lee SE, Nam JH. mRNA-HPV vaccine encoding E6 and E7 improves therapeutic potential for HPV-mediated cancers via subcutaneous immunization. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e29309. [PMID: 38100632 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
The E6 and E7 proteins of specific subtypes of human papillomavirus (HPV), including HPV 16 and 18, are highly associated with cervical cancer as they modulate cell cycle regulation. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential antitumor effects of a messenger RNA-HPV therapeutic vaccine (mHTV) containing nononcogenic E6 and E7 proteins. To achieve this, C57BL/6j mice were injected with the vaccine via both intramuscular and subcutaneous routes, and the resulting effects were evaluated. mHTV immunization markedly induced robust T cell-mediated immune responses and significantly suppressed tumor growth in both subcutaneous and orthotopic tumor-implanted mouse model, with a significant infiltration of immune cells into tumor tissues. Tumor retransplantation at day 62 postprimary vaccination completely halted progression in all mHTV-treated mice. Furthermore, tumor expansion was significantly reduced upon TC-1 transplantation 160 days after the last immunization. Immunization of rhesus monkeys with mHTV elicited promising immune responses. The immunogenicity of mHTV in nonhuman primates provides strong evidence for clinical application against HPV-related cancers in humans. All data suggest that mHTV can be used as both a therapeutic and prophylactic vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seonghyun Lee
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
- BK21 four Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Hyunho Yoon
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
- BK21 four Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Seol Hee Hong
- National Immunotherapy Innovation Center, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, South Korea
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Sung Pil Kwon
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung Joo Hong
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do, South Korea
- KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hye Won Kwak
- R&D Research Center, SML Biopharm, Gwangmyeong, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Hyeong-Jun Park
- R&D Research Center, SML Biopharm, Gwangmyeong, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Soyeon Yoo
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seo-Hyeon Bae
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
- BK21 four Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Hyo-Jung Park
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
- BK21 four Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Jisun Lee
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Yoo-Jin Bang
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
- R&D Research Center, SML Biopharm, Gwangmyeong, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Yu-Sun Lee
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
- BK21 four Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Jae-Yong Kim
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
- R&D Research Center, SML Biopharm, Gwangmyeong, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Subin Yoon
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
- BK21 four Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Gahyun Roh
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
- BK21 four Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Youngran Cho
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
- BK21 four Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Yongkwan Kim
- R&D Research Center, SML Biopharm, Gwangmyeong, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Daegeun Kim
- R&D Research Center, SML Biopharm, Gwangmyeong, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Sang-In Park
- R&D Research Center, SML Biopharm, Gwangmyeong, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Do-Hyung Kim
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
- R&D Research Center, SML Biopharm, Gwangmyeong, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Sowon Lee
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Ayoung Oh
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
- BK21 four Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Dahyeon Ha
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
- BK21 four Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Soo-Yeon Lee
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
- BK21 four Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Misung Park
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
- BK21 four Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Eun-Ha Hwang
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do, South Korea
| | - Gyuseo Bae
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do, South Korea
| | - Eunsu Jeon
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do, South Korea
| | - Sung Hyun Park
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do, South Korea
| | - Won Seok Choi
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do, South Korea
| | - Ho Rim Oh
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - In Woo Kim
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyewon Youn
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cancer Imaging Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Gyochang Keum
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun-Kyoung Bang
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joon Haeng Rhee
- Department of Microbiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, South Korea
| | - Shee Eun Lee
- National Immunotherapy Innovation Center, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, South Korea
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Jae-Hwan Nam
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
- BK21 four Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
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9
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Kim JY, Kim J, Yoon J, Hong S, Neseli B, Kwon N, You JB, Yoon H, Park HH, Kurt H. Deep neural network-based phase calibration in integrated optical phased arrays. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19929. [PMID: 37968312 PMCID: PMC10651891 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47004-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Calibrating the phase in integrated optical phased arrays (OPAs) is a crucial procedure for addressing phase errors and achieving the desired beamforming results. In this paper, we introduce a novel phase calibration methodology based on a deep neural network (DNN) architecture to enhance beamforming in integrated OPAs. Our methodology focuses on precise phase control, individually tailored to each of the 64 OPA channels, incorporating electro-optic phase shifters. To effectively handle the inherent complexity arising from the numerous voltage set combinations required for phase control across the 64 channels, we employ a tandem network architecture, further optimizing it through selective data sorting and hyperparameter tuning. To validate the effectiveness of the trained DNN model, we compared its performance with 20 reference beams obtained through the hill climbing algorithm. Despite an average intensity reduction of 0.84 dB in the peak values of the beams compared to the reference beams, our experimental results demonstrate substantial agreements between the DNN-predicted beams and the reference beams, accompanied by a slight decrease of 0.06 dB in the side-mode-suppression-ratio. These results underscore the practical effectiveness of the DNN model in OPA beamforming, highlighting its potential in scenarios that necessitate the intelligent and time-efficient calibration of multiple beams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Yong Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhyeong Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhyeong Yoon
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokjin Hong
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Berkay Neseli
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Namhyun Kwon
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Bum You
- National Nanofab Center (NNFC), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonho Yoon
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Hoon Park
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hamza Kurt
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Kim JY, Jeon K, Park SI, Bang YJ, Park HJ, Kwak HW, Kim DH, Lee SY, Choi EJ, Cho NH, Nam JH. mRNA vaccine encoding Gn provides protection against severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in mice. NPJ Vaccines 2023; 8:167. [PMID: 37907507 PMCID: PMC10618158 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-023-00771-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We developed a promising mRNA vaccine against severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), an infectious disease caused by the SFTS virus that is primarily transmitted through tick bites. Administration of lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated mRNA-Gn successfully induced neutralizing antibodies and T-cell responses in mice. The vaccinated mice were protected against a lethal SFTS virus challenge, suggesting that this mRNA vaccine may be an effective and successful SFTS vaccine candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Yong Kim
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- SML Biopharm, Gwangmyeong-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeongseok Jeon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-In Park
- SML Biopharm, Gwangmyeong-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo-Jin Bang
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- SML Biopharm, Gwangmyeong-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong-Jun Park
- SML Biopharm, Gwangmyeong-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Won Kwak
- SML Biopharm, Gwangmyeong-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Hyung Kim
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- SML Biopharm, Gwangmyeong-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Yeon Lee
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jin Choi
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Hyuk Cho
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae-Hwan Nam
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Lee JH, Kim JH, Kim SM, Kim JY, Kim JH, Eom SJ, Kang MC, Song KM. The Antioxidant Activity of Undaria pinnatifida Sporophyll Extract Obtained Using Ultrasonication: A Focus on Crude Polysaccharide Extraction Using Ethanol Precipitation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1904. [PMID: 38001757 PMCID: PMC10669268 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12111904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Undaria pinnatifida, a marine biological resource from which antioxidants such as polysaccharides can be obtained, is primarily distributed in the coastal areas of East Asia. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are essential for physiological processes; however, excess ROS levels in the body result in cellular oxidative damage. Several extraction methods exist; however, factors such as long extraction times and high temperatures degrade polysaccharides. Therefore, this study aimed to increase the yield of U. pinnatifida sporophyll extract (UPE), a U. pinnatifida byproduct, using ultrasonication, an environmentally friendly extraction method, and identify UPE components with antioxidant activity. UPE_2, 4, 6, and 8 extracts were obtained at extraction times of 2, 4, 6, and 8 h, respectively. UPE_8 had the highest yield (31.91%) and polysaccharide (69.22%), polyphenol, (8.59 GAE μg/mg), and fucoxanthin contents (2.3 μg/g). UPE_8 showed the greatest protective and inhibitory effects on ROS generation in H2O2-damaged Vero cells. Ethanol precipitation of UPE_8 confirmed that UPE_8P (precipitate) had superior antioxidant activity in Vero cells compared to UPE_8S (supernatant). UPE_8P contained a large amount of polysaccharides, a major contributor to the antioxidant activity of UPE_8. This study shows that UPE_8 obtained using ultrasonication can be a functional food ingredient with excellent antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hoon Lee
- Research Group of Food Processing, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.L.); (J.-H.K.); (J.-Y.K.); (J.-H.K.); (S.-J.E.)
| | - Jeong-Heon Kim
- Research Group of Food Processing, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.L.); (J.-H.K.); (J.-Y.K.); (J.-H.K.); (S.-J.E.)
| | - Se-Myung Kim
- Greating Laboratory, Hyundai Green Food Ltd., Yongin 16827, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jae-Yong Kim
- Research Group of Food Processing, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.L.); (J.-H.K.); (J.-Y.K.); (J.-H.K.); (S.-J.E.)
| | - Jae-Hoon Kim
- Research Group of Food Processing, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.L.); (J.-H.K.); (J.-Y.K.); (J.-H.K.); (S.-J.E.)
| | - Su-Jin Eom
- Research Group of Food Processing, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.L.); (J.-H.K.); (J.-Y.K.); (J.-H.K.); (S.-J.E.)
| | - Min-Cheol Kang
- Research Group of Food Processing, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.L.); (J.-H.K.); (J.-Y.K.); (J.-H.K.); (S.-J.E.)
| | - Kyung-Mo Song
- Research Group of Food Processing, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.L.); (J.-H.K.); (J.-Y.K.); (J.-H.K.); (S.-J.E.)
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12
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Chung HS, Nam S, Lee KE, Jeong DS, Oh S, Sunwoo JH, Lee H, Kim JY, Tchah H. Biocompatibility and Transplantation Efficacy of the C-Clear Artificial Cornea in a Rabbit Chemical Burn Model. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1235. [PMID: 37892965 PMCID: PMC10604526 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10101235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the bioavailability and stability of a C-Clear artificial cornea in a rabbit chemical burn model. Thirty-six rabbits were divided into a control group (n = 16) and a chemical burn group that used NaOH solution (n = 20). After lamellar dissection, the central posterior lamella was excised using a 3 mm diameter trephine, and an artificial cornea was transplanted into the lamellar pocket. After 2 weeks, the central anterior lamella was excised using a 3 mm diameter trephine to secure a clean visual axis. We examined the anterior segment of the eyes weekly for 12 weeks after transplantation. Successful subjects whose artificial corneas were maintained stably for 12 weeks were euthanized and underwent histologic examinations. Artificial corneas remained stable for up to 12 weeks in 62.5 and 50% of rabbits in the control and chemical burn groups, respectively. Two rabbits in the chemical burn group showed the formation of a retroprosthetic membrane, and one rabbit with visual axis blockage underwent membrane removal using a Nd:YAG laser. In histologic examinations, adhesion between artificial cornea and peripheral corneal stoma was observed. In conclusion, we confirmed structural stability and biocompatibility of the C-Clear artificial cornea for up to 12 weeks after implantation in control and chemical burn groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Seok Chung
- Department of Ophthalmology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (H.-S.C.); (S.N.); (K.-E.L.); (S.O.); (J.-H.S.); (H.L.); (J.-Y.K.)
| | - Sanghyu Nam
- Department of Ophthalmology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (H.-S.C.); (S.N.); (K.-E.L.); (S.O.); (J.-H.S.); (H.L.); (J.-Y.K.)
| | - Ko-Eun Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (H.-S.C.); (S.N.); (K.-E.L.); (S.O.); (J.-H.S.); (H.L.); (J.-Y.K.)
| | - Do-Sun Jeong
- TE BioS Co., Ltd., Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea;
| | - Seheon Oh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (H.-S.C.); (S.N.); (K.-E.L.); (S.O.); (J.-H.S.); (H.L.); (J.-Y.K.)
| | - Jeong-Hye Sunwoo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (H.-S.C.); (S.N.); (K.-E.L.); (S.O.); (J.-H.S.); (H.L.); (J.-Y.K.)
| | - Hun Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (H.-S.C.); (S.N.); (K.-E.L.); (S.O.); (J.-H.S.); (H.L.); (J.-Y.K.)
- Center for Cell Therapy, Asan Institute for Life Science, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Yong Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (H.-S.C.); (S.N.); (K.-E.L.); (S.O.); (J.-H.S.); (H.L.); (J.-Y.K.)
| | - Hungwon Tchah
- Department of Ophthalmology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (H.-S.C.); (S.N.); (K.-E.L.); (S.O.); (J.-H.S.); (H.L.); (J.-Y.K.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Myung-Gok Eye Research Institute, Kim’s Eye Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 07301, Republic of Korea
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13
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Kim JY, Hyun DY, Nam D, Shin HJ, Jung J, Cho SY, Jung K, Hwang D, Lee SW, Kim JY. Proteogenomic Analysis of Human Uterine Cervical Cancer (UCC) Reveals Treatment-Resistant Subtypes of UCC. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:S22. [PMID: 37784455 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Locally advanced uterine cervical cancer (UCC) is treated by radiotherapy with concurrent chemotherapy, but heterogenous treatment responses are frequently observed. To better optimize therapeutic options based on molecular signatures, we performed proteogenomic analysis of UCC. MATERIALS/METHODS UCC tissue and blood samples were collected from patients who underwent primary radiotherapy ± chemotherapy at the National Cancer Center (NCC) in Korea from July 2004 to March 2020. Most samples were obtained via biopsy. Genomic DNA for WES was isolated from frozen biopsy tumor tissues and peripheral blood buffy-coat of patients. Both global proteome and phosphoproteome were analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Whole exome sequencing, RNA sequencing, global proteomics and phosphoproteomics were performed using 253, 337, and 147 cervical cancer samples, respectively. Patient-derived xenograft were established using intratongue implantation using 2 primary cell lines from sub3 and sub5, and flow cytometric analysis was performed. RESULTS Fourteen significantly mutated genes (SMG) were found in our study cohort which include 5 newly identified SMGs. Mutation-phosphorylation analysis revealed association with apoptosis and actin cytoskeleton pathway. Proteogenomic analysis defined 6 molecular subtypes of UCC. Of those, 3 subtypes (i.e., Sub3, Sub5 and Sub6) were associated with treatment-resistant phenotypes. The cell-type deconvolution analysis suggested activated stroma with activation of cancer-associated fibroblast in Sub 3, while Sub5 showed low levels of activated stroma and high levels of myeloid immune cells. FACS analysis of UCC mouse models established from these 2 radio-resistant primary cell lines showed high component of PDGFRA+CAF infiltration in Sub 3, and high level of PVR+CD45+ immune cells mainly composed of polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSC) in Sub5. For Sub6, genes and/or protein signatures represented mucin-related processes (e.g., mucin glycosylation/sugar metabolism), which are linked to metastasis-associated Tn antigen production. CONCLUSION The proteogenomic analysis thus suggests potential targets for radiotherapy-resistant subtypes of UCC; secretory factors from activated stroma and cancer-associated fibroblast (Sub3); RHOA signaling, PVR, and PMN-MDSCs (Sub5), and keratin/chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan and Tn antigen production (Sub6). Our study shows the importance of proteogenomic analysis in unveiling the subtype specific molecular pathways of UCC that are beyond reach by genomic data alone. The validity of our molecular pathway and cellular signatures linking these pathways should be further validated through detailed functional experiments and in larger UCC cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Kim
- National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - D Y Hyun
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - D Nam
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Proteogenome Research, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - H J Shin
- Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Korea, Goyang, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - J Jung
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - S Y Cho
- Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Korea, Goyang-si, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - K Jung
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - D Hwang
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - S W Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Proteogenome Research, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - J Y Kim
- Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Korea, Goyang-si, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
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14
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Kim JY, Koo B, Lim SY, Cha HH, Kim MJ, Chong YP, Choi SH, Lee SO, Kim YS, Shin Y, Kim SH. A non-invasive, sensitive assay for active TB: combined cell-free DNA detection and FluoroSpot assays. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2023; 27:790-792. [PMID: 37749833 PMCID: PMC10519393 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.23.0180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Y Kim
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - B Koo
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Y Lim
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - H H Cha
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - M J Kim
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - Y P Chong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - S-H Choi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - S-O Lee
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - Y S Kim
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - Y Shin
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S-H Kim
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
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15
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Kim JY, Park S, Kim EO, Chang E, Bae S, Kim MJ, Chong YP, Choi SH, Lee SO, Kim YS, Jung J, Kim SH. The seasonality of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales in South Korea. J Hosp Infect 2023; 140:87-89. [PMID: 37506769 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2023.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Y Kim
- Office for Infection Control, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Park
- Office for Infection Control, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - E O Kim
- Office for Infection Control, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - E Chang
- Office for Infection Control, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Bae
- Departments of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M J Kim
- Departments of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y P Chong
- Departments of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S-H Choi
- Departments of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S-O Lee
- Departments of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y S Kim
- Departments of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J Jung
- Office for Infection Control, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Departments of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - S-H Kim
- Office for Infection Control, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Departments of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Bhujel B, Oh SH, Kim CM, Yoon YJ, Kim YJ, Chung HS, Ye EA, Lee H, Kim JY. Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Exosomes: A Novel Therapeutic Approach for Corneal Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10917. [PMID: 37446091 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The cornea, with its delicate structure, is vulnerable to damage from physical, chemical, and genetic factors. Corneal transplantation, including penetrating and lamellar keratoplasties, can restore the functions of the cornea in cases of severe damage. However, the process of corneal transplantation presents considerable obstacles, including a shortage of available donors, the risk of severe graft rejection, and potentially life-threatening complications. Over the past few decades, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy has become a novel alternative approach to corneal regeneration. Numerous studies have demonstrated the potential of MSCs to differentiate into different corneal cell types, such as keratocytes, epithelial cells, and endothelial cells. MSCs are considered a suitable candidate for corneal regeneration because of their promising therapeutic perspective and beneficial properties. MSCs compromise unique immunomodulation, anti-angiogenesis, and anti-inflammatory properties and secrete various growth factors, thus promoting corneal reconstruction. These effects in corneal engineering are mediated by MSCs differentiating into different lineages and paracrine action via exosomes. Early studies have proven the roles of MSC-derived exosomes in corneal regeneration by reducing inflammation, inhibiting neovascularization, and angiogenesis, and by promoting cell proliferation. This review highlights the contribution of MSCs and MSC-derived exosomes, their current usage status to overcome corneal disease, and their potential to restore different corneal layers as novel therapeutic agents. It also discusses feasible future possibilities, applications, challenges, and opportunities for future research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basanta Bhujel
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-Ro, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Heon Oh
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-Ro, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Min Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-Ro, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye-Ji Yoon
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-Ro, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jae Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-Ro, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Seok Chung
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-Ro, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ah Ye
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-Ro, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Hun Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-Ro, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Yong Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-Ro, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
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Park HJ, Bang YJ, Kwon SP, Kwak W, Park SI, Roh G, Bae SH, Kim JY, Kwak HW, Kim Y, Yoo S, Kim D, Keum G, Bang EK, Hong SH, Nam JH. Analyzing immune responses to varied mRNA and protein vaccine sequences. NPJ Vaccines 2023; 8:84. [PMID: 37271785 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-023-00684-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, different types of vaccines, such as inactive, live-attenuated, messenger RNA (mRNA), and protein subunit, have been developed against SARS-CoV-2. This has unintentionally created a unique scenario where heterologous prime-boost vaccination against a single virus has been administered to a large human population. Here, we aimed to analyze whether the immunization order of vaccine types influences the efficacy of heterologous prime-boost vaccination, especially mRNA and protein-based vaccines. We developed a new mRNA vaccine encoding the hemagglutinin (HA) glycoprotein of the influenza virus using the 3'-UTR and 5'-UTR of muscle cells (mRNA-HA) and tested its efficacy by heterologous immunization with an HA protein vaccine (protein-HA). The results demonstrated higher IgG2a levels and hemagglutination inhibition titers in the mRNA-HA priming/protein-HA boosting (R-P) regimen than those induced by reverse immunization (protein-HA priming/mRNA-HA boosting, P-R). After the viral challenge, the R-P group showed lower virus loads and less inflammation in the lungs than the P-R group did. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the heterologous prime-boost groups had differentially activated immune response pathways, according to the order of immunization. In summary, our results demonstrate that the sequence of vaccination is critical to direct desired immune responses. This study demonstrates the potential of a heterologous vaccination strategy using mRNA and protein vaccine platforms against viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeong-Jun Park
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
- BK Plus Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
- SML Biopharm, Gwangmyeong, 14353, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo-Jin Bang
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
- BK Plus Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
- SML Biopharm, Gwangmyeong, 14353, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Pil Kwon
- Center for Brain Technology, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Woori Kwak
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-In Park
- SML Biopharm, Gwangmyeong, 14353, Republic of Korea
| | - Gahyun Roh
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
- BK Plus Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Hyeon Bae
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
- BK Plus Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Yong Kim
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
- BK Plus Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
- SML Biopharm, Gwangmyeong, 14353, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Won Kwak
- SML Biopharm, Gwangmyeong, 14353, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongkwan Kim
- SML Biopharm, Gwangmyeong, 14353, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Yoo
- Center for Brain Technology, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Daegeun Kim
- SML Biopharm, Gwangmyeong, 14353, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyochang Keum
- Center for Brain Technology, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Kyoung Bang
- Center for Brain Technology, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.
| | - So-Hee Hong
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 07804, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae-Hwan Nam
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea.
- BK Plus Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea.
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Kim JY, Jeon K, Hong JJ, Park SI, Cho H, Park HJ, Kwak HW, Park HJ, Bang YJ, Lee YS, Bae SH, Kim SH, Hwang KA, Jung DI, Cho SH, Seo SH, Kim G, Oh H, Lee HY, Kim KH, Lim HY, Jeon P, Lee JY, Chung J, Lee SM, Ko HL, Song M, Cho NH, Lee YS, Hong SH, Nam JH. Heterologous vaccination utilizing viral vector and protein platforms confers complete protection against SFTSV. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8189. [PMID: 37210393 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35328-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus was first discovered in 2009 as the causative agent of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome. Despite its potential threat to public health, no prophylactic vaccine is yet available. This study developed a heterologous prime-boost strategy comprising priming with recombinant replication-deficient human adenovirus type 5 (rAd5) expressing the surface glycoprotein, Gn, and boosting with Gn protein. This vaccination regimen induced balanced Th1/Th2 immune responses and resulted in potent humoral and T cell-mediated responses in mice. It elicited high neutralizing antibody titers in both mice and non-human primates. Transcriptome analysis revealed that rAd5 and Gn proteins induced adaptive and innate immune pathways, respectively. This study provides immunological and mechanistic insight into this heterologous regimen and paves the way for future strategies against emerging infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Yong Kim
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, 43-1 Yeokgok-dong, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea
- BK Plus Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- SML Biopharm, Gwangmyeong, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeongseok Jeon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Joo Hong
- Immunology and Infectious Disease Lab, National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB)/University of Science and Technology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-In Park
- SML Biopharm, Gwangmyeong, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonggon Cho
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jung Park
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, 43-1 Yeokgok-dong, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea
- BK Plus Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Won Kwak
- SML Biopharm, Gwangmyeong, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong-Jun Park
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, 43-1 Yeokgok-dong, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea
- BK Plus Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- SML Biopharm, Gwangmyeong, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo-Jin Bang
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, 43-1 Yeokgok-dong, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea
- BK Plus Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- SML Biopharm, Gwangmyeong, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Sun Lee
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, 43-1 Yeokgok-dong, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea
- BK Plus Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Hyeon Bae
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, 43-1 Yeokgok-dong, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea
- BK Plus Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Hee Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Ah Hwang
- Department of Research and Development, Genetree Research, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Im Jung
- Science Unit, International Vaccine Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Hoo Cho
- Science Unit, International Vaccine Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hwan Seo
- Science Unit, International Vaccine Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Green Kim
- Immunology and Infectious Disease Lab, National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB)/University of Science and Technology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanseul Oh
- Immunology and Infectious Disease Lab, National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB)/University of Science and Technology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwal-Yong Lee
- Immunology and Infectious Disease Lab, National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB)/University of Science and Technology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Young Lim
- Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institutes of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Pyeonghwa Jeon
- Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institutes of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Yeon Lee
- Center for Emerging Virus Research, National Institutes of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Junho Chung
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Myeong Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Li Ko
- Scripps Korea Antibody Institute, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Manki Song
- Science Unit, International Vaccine Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Hyuk Cho
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Suk Lee
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - So-Hee Hong
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 07804, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae-Hwan Nam
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, 43-1 Yeokgok-dong, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea.
- BK Plus Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
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Yoon J, Yoon H, Kim JY, Kim J, Kang G, Kwon NH, Kurt H, Park HH. Demonstration of high-accuracy 3D imaging using a Si optical phased array with a tunable radiator. Opt Express 2023; 31:9935-9944. [PMID: 37157557 DOI: 10.1364/oe.481229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Precise imaging in three-dimension (3D) is an essential technique for solid-state light detection and ranging (LiDAR). Among various solid-state LiDAR technologies, silicon (Si) optical phased array (OPA)-based LiDAR has the significant advantage of robust 3D imaging due to its high scanning speed, low power consumption, and compactness. Numerous techniques employing a Si OPA have utilized two-dimensional arrays or wavelength tuning for longitudinal scanning but the operation of those systems is restricted by additional requirements. Here, we demonstrate high-accuracy 3D imaging using a Si OPA with a tunable radiator. As we adapted a time-of-flight approach for distance measurement, we have developed an optical pulse modulator that allows a ranging accuracy of less than 2 cm. The implemented Si OPA is composed of an input grating coupler, multimode interferometers, electro-optic p-i-n phase shifters, and thermo-optic n-i-n tunable radiators. With this system, it is possible to attain a wide beam steering range of 45° in a transversal angle with a 0.7° divergence angle, and 10° in a longitudinal angle with a 0.6° divergence angle can be achieved using Si OPA. The character toy model was successfully imaged in three dimensions with a range resolution of 2 cm using the Si OPA. The further improvement of each component of the Si OPA will allow even more accurate 3D imaging over a longer distance.
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Kim JY, Kim HM, Kim JH, Guo S, Lee DH, Lim GM, Kim W, Kim CY. Salvia plebeia R.Br. and Rosmarinic Acid Attenuate Dexamethasone-Induced Muscle Atrophy in C2C12 Myotubes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031876. [PMID: 36768200 PMCID: PMC9915874 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy occurs when protein degradation exceeds protein synthesis and is associated with increased circulating glucocorticoid levels. Salvia plebeia R.Br. (SPR) has been used as herbal remedy for a variety of inflammatory diseases and has various biological actions such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. However, there are no reports on the effects of SPR and its bioactive components on muscle atrophy. Herein, we investigated the anti-atrophic effect of SPR and rosmarinic acid (RosA), a major compound of SPR, on dexamethasone (DEX)-induced skeletal muscle atrophy in C2C12 myotubes. Myotubes were treated with 10 μM DEX in the presence or absence of SPR or RosA at different concentrations for 24 h and subjected to immunocytochemistry, western blot, and measurements of ROS and ATP levels. SPR and RosA increased viability and inhibited protein degradation in DEX-treated C2C12 myotubes. In addition, RosA promoted the Akt/p70S6K/mTOR pathway and reduced ROS production, and apoptosis. Furthermore, the treatment of RosA significantly recovered SOD activity, autophagy activity, mitochondrial contents, and APT levels in DEX-treated myotubes. These findings suggest that SPR and RosA may provide protective effects against DEX-induced muscle atrophy and have promising potential as a nutraceutical remedy for the treatment of muscle weakness and atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Wondong Kim
- Correspondence: (W.K.); (C.Y.K.); Tel.: +82-31-400-5817 (W.K.); +82-31-400-5809 (C.Y.K.); Fax: +82-31-400-5958 (C.Y.K.)
| | - Chul Young Kim
- Correspondence: (W.K.); (C.Y.K.); Tel.: +82-31-400-5817 (W.K.); +82-31-400-5809 (C.Y.K.); Fax: +82-31-400-5958 (C.Y.K.)
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Kim J, Neseli B, Kim JY, Yoon J, Yoon H, Park HH, Kurt H. Inverse design of an on-chip optical response predictor enabled by a deep neural network. Opt Express 2023; 31:2049-2060. [PMID: 36785227 DOI: 10.1364/oe.480644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We proposed inverse-designed nanophotonic waveguide devices which have the desired optical responses in the wide band of 1450-1650 nm. The proposed devices have an ultra-compact size of just 1.5 µm × 3.0 µm and are designed on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) waveguide platform. Individual nano-pixels with dimensions of 150 nm × 150 nm were made of either silicon or silicon dioxide, and the materials for the 200 total cells were determined using a trained deep neural network. While training the two networks, the hyperparameter optimization method was applied to make the training process efficient. We then fabricated the proposed devices using a CMOS-compatible fabrication process, and experimentally verified the fabricated device performance.
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Kim JY, Kim HM, Kim JH, Lee JH, Zhang K, Guo S, Lee DH, Gao EM, Son RH, Kim SM, Kim CY. Preventive effects of the butanol fraction of Justicia procumbens L. against dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy in C2C12 myotubes. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11597. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Hahn IK, Lee D, Lee DH, Lee H, Tchah H, Kim JY. Serially Checked Spherical Aberration Can Evaluate the Anti-Myopia Effect of Orthokeratology Lens in Children. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12101686. [PMID: 36294825 PMCID: PMC9604799 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12101686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the changes in higher-order aberrations (HOAs) after wearing orthokeratology (OK) lenses in myopic patients. The study included 15 eyes from ten myopic patients, whose refractive error was myopia less than -4.5 diopters (D) and astigmatism less than 1.5 D. Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were measured, and Zywave® aberrometry was performed at baseline and 1, 3, and 6 months following OK lens wear. The mean age was 11.5 years (range: 9-15 years). There was a significant improvement in UCVA (p ≤ 0.001) and a decrease in the spherical equivalent measured with auto-refraction at 6 months (p ≤ 0.001). Total HOAs significantly increased after OK lens wear (p ≤ 0.001), with spherical aberration increasing approximately 3.9-fold (p = 0.05). Spherical aberration demonstrated statistically significant positive correlations with the change in spherical equivalent at 3 and 6 months (p = 0.007 and 0.003, respectively). After wearing properly prescribed OK lens, all subjects had significantly improved UCVA and decreased myopic spherical equivalent, with increased total HOAs and positive spherical aberration at 1 month, and the changes were maintained at 6 months. Serially checked spherical aberration could evaluate the anti-myopia effect of the orthokeratology lens in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Kyun Hahn
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Donghan Lee
- University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Dong-Ho Lee
- Bitsarang Eye Clinic, Prince Building, 492, Nohae-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01751, Korea
| | - Hun Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Hungwon Tchah
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Jae-Yong Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-3010-3680; Fax: +82-2-470-6440
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Kwak HW, Hong SH, Park HJ, Park HJ, Bang YJ, Kim JY, Lee YS, Bae SH, Yoon H, Nam JH. Adjuvant effect of IRES-based single-stranded RNA on melanoma immunotherapy. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:1041. [PMID: 36199130 PMCID: PMC9533600 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10140-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adjuvant therapies such as radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy are usually given after cancer surgery to improve the survival of cancer patients. However, despite advances in several adjuvant therapies, they are still limited in the prevention of recurrences. Methods We evaluated the immunological effects of RNA-based adjuvants in a murine melanoma model. Single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) were constructed based on the cricket paralysis virus (CrPV) internal ribosome entry site (IRES). Populations of immune cells in bone marrow cells and lymph node cells following immunization with CrPVIRES-ssRNA were determined using flow cytometry. Activated cytokine levels were measured using ELISA and ELISpot. The tumor protection efficacy of CrPVIRES-ssRNA was analyzed based on any reduction in tumor size or weight, and overall survival. Results CrPVIRES-ssRNA treatment stimulated antigen-presenting cells in the drain lymph nodes associated with activated antigen-specific dendritic cells. Next, we evaluated the expression of CD40, CD86, and XCR1, showing that immunization with CrPVIRES-ssRNA enhanced antigen presentation by CD8a+ conventional dendritic cell 1 (cDC1), as well as activated antigen-specific CD8 T cells. In addition, CrPVIRES-ssRNA treatment markedly increased the frequency of antigen-specific CD8 T cells and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) producing cells, which promoted immune responses and reduced tumor burden in melanoma-bearing mice. Conclusions This study provides evidence that the CrPVIRES-ssRNA adjuvant has potential for use in therapeutic cancer vaccines. Moreover, CrPVIRES-ssRNA possesses protective effects on various cancer cell models. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-10140-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Won Kwak
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, 43-1 Yeokgok-dong, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea.,BK Plus Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Gyeonggi-do, Bucheon, Republic of Korea.,, SML biopharm, Gyeonggi-do, Gwangmyeong, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Hee Hong
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 07804, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jung Park
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, 43-1 Yeokgok-dong, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea.,BK Plus Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Gyeonggi-do, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong-Jun Park
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, 43-1 Yeokgok-dong, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea.,BK Plus Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Gyeonggi-do, Bucheon, Republic of Korea.,, SML biopharm, Gyeonggi-do, Gwangmyeong, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo-Jin Bang
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, 43-1 Yeokgok-dong, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea.,BK Plus Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Gyeonggi-do, Bucheon, Republic of Korea.,, SML biopharm, Gyeonggi-do, Gwangmyeong, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Yong Kim
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, 43-1 Yeokgok-dong, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea.,BK Plus Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Gyeonggi-do, Bucheon, Republic of Korea.,, SML biopharm, Gyeonggi-do, Gwangmyeong, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Sun Lee
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, 43-1 Yeokgok-dong, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea.,BK Plus Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Gyeonggi-do, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Hyeon Bae
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, 43-1 Yeokgok-dong, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea.,BK Plus Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Gyeonggi-do, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunho Yoon
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, 43-1 Yeokgok-dong, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea. .,BK Plus Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Gyeonggi-do, Bucheon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae-Hwan Nam
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, 43-1 Yeokgok-dong, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea. .,BK Plus Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Gyeonggi-do, Bucheon, Republic of Korea. .,, SML biopharm, Gyeonggi-do, Gwangmyeong, Republic of Korea.
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Kim JY, Yoon J, Kim J, Kwon NH, Rhee HW, Baek M, Lee Y, Park HH, Yoon H. Demonstration of beam steering using a passive silica optical phased array with wavelength tuning. Opt Lett 2022; 47:4857-4860. [PMID: 36181135 DOI: 10.1364/ol.470667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate beam steering using a passive silica optical phased array (OPA) with wavelength tuning. In this OPA, a constant path difference is built up to assign sequential phase delays with a wavelength variation in arrayed waveguide channels for the beam steering. From as-fabricated 1 × 101 passive silica OPA chips, we successfully achieved beam forming with a transversal divergence angle of 0.57° at a 1548.3-nm wavelength and also beam steering of 15.4° by wavelength tuning of 30.7 nm. Combining a cylindrical lens in front of the end-fire radiators, the longitudinal divergence angle could be reduced from 13.0° to 0.42°. The side-mode suppression ratio of the beam was 10.3 dB at the center position. Through simulation, we analyzed the effects of the phase errors on the beam quality, due to the effective index fluctuation of the waveguide channels, and provided an allowable error range to attain beam forming from the passive OPA.
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Jeong E, Jo Y, Shin C, Yang YS, Kim JY, Lee D. Performance analysis of nuclear reactor core loaded with Accident-Tolerant Fuel: Mo/Cr metallic microcell UO2 pellets and CrAl coating. ANN NUCL ENERGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anucene.2022.109217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Kim DY, Baik SH, Jung C, Kim JY, Han SG, Kim BJ, Kang J, Bae HJ, Kim JH. Predictors and Impact of Sulcal SAH after Mechanical Thrombectomy in Patients with Isolated M2 Occlusion. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2022; 43:1292-1298. [PMID: 35902120 PMCID: PMC9451639 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Data on SAH after M2 mechanical thrombectomy are limited. We aimed to determine the prevalence of sulcal SAH after mechanical thrombectomy for M2 occlusion, its associated predictors, and the resulting clinical outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study retrospectively reviewed the data of patients with acute ischemic stroke who underwent mechanical thrombectomy for isolated M2 occlusion. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the presence of sulcal SAH after M2 mechanical thrombectomy. Angiographic and clinical outcomes were compared. Multivariable analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of sulcal SAH and unfavorable outcome (90-day mRS, 3-6). RESULTS Of the 209 enrolled patients, sulcal SAH was observed in 33 (15.8%) patients. The sulcal SAH group showed a higher rate of distal M2 occlusion (69.7% versus 22.7%), a higher of rate of superior division occlusion (63.6% versus 43.8%), and a higher M2 angulation (median, 128° versus 106°) than the non-sulcal SAH group. Of the 33 sulcal SAH cases, 23 (66.7%) were covert without visible intraprocedural contrast extravasation. Distal M2 occlusion (OR, 12.04; 95% CI, 4.56-35.67; P < .001), superior division (OR, 3.83; 95% CI, 1.43-11.26; P = .010), M2 angulation (OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.01-1.04; P < .001), and the number of passes (OR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.22-2.09; P < .001) were independent predictors of sulcal SAH. However, covert sulcal SAH was not associated with an unfavorable outcome (P = .830). CONCLUSIONS After mechanical thrombectomy for M2 occlusion, sulcal SAH was not uncommon and occurred more frequently with distal M2 occlusion, superior division, acute M2 angulation, and multiple thrombectomy passes (≥3). The impact of covert sulcal SAH was mostly benign and was not associated with an unfavorable outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Y Kim
- From the Departments of Radiology (D.Y.K., S.H.B., C.J., J.H.K.)
- Neurology (D.Y.K, J.Y.K, S.-G.H., B.J.K, J.K., H-.J.B), Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - S H Baik
- From the Departments of Radiology (D.Y.K., S.H.B., C.J., J.H.K.)
| | - C Jung
- From the Departments of Radiology (D.Y.K., S.H.B., C.J., J.H.K.)
| | - J Y Kim
- Neurology (D.Y.K, J.Y.K, S.-G.H., B.J.K, J.K., H-.J.B), Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - S-G Han
- Neurology (D.Y.K, J.Y.K, S.-G.H., B.J.K, J.K., H-.J.B), Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - B J Kim
- Neurology (D.Y.K, J.Y.K, S.-G.H., B.J.K, J.K., H-.J.B), Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - J Kang
- Neurology (D.Y.K, J.Y.K, S.-G.H., B.J.K, J.K., H-.J.B), Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - H-J Bae
- Neurology (D.Y.K, J.Y.K, S.-G.H., B.J.K, J.K., H-.J.B), Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - J H Kim
- From the Departments of Radiology (D.Y.K., S.H.B., C.J., J.H.K.)
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Lee Y, Kim HM, Kim JH, Lee JH, Zhang KX, Gao EM, Jeon JS, Syed AS, Son RH, Kim JY, Kim CY. Chemical constituents of the Ajuga multiflora bunge and their protective effects on dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy in C2C12 myotubes. Nat Prod Res 2022; 37:1978-1985. [PMID: 36000191 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2115491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Ajuga multiflora Bunge is a perennial ornamental herb and has been used for the treatment of fever in Korean folk medicine. In the course of searching for protective agents associated with the potential of A. multiflora against dexamethsone (DEX)-induced muscle atrophy, a new phytoecdysteroid, 29-hydroxyprecyasterone (1), together with four known compounds (2-5), were isolated from A. multiflora. The structures of the compounds were determined by spectroscopic analyses, including 1D-, 2D-NMR and HR-MS interpretation. To elucidate the effects of obtained compounds on DEX-induced muscle atrophy, the myotubes diameter, myosin heavy chain (MyHC) positive area, and fusion index were evaluated by immunofluorescence staining. Overall, each compound treatment effectively prevented the atrophic myotubes through an increase of MyHC-positive myotubes and the number of nuclei. Particularly, the measurement of myotube diameter showed that compounds 1 and 5 treatment significantly alleviated the myotube thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjung Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Mi Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Hee Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kai Xuan Zhang
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - En Mei Gao
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Je-Seung Jeon
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahmed Shah Syed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan
| | - Rak Ho Son
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.,R&D Center, Huons Co. Ltd, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Yong Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul Young Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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Kwak HW, Shin W, Baik K, Kim M, Park Y, Hong SH, Park HJ, Park HJ, Bang YJ, Kim JY, Lee YS, Kim IB, Kim HL, Kim H, Nam JH. Single-stranded RNA adjuvant enhances the efficacy of 10-valent human papilloma virus-like particle vaccine. Microbiol Immunol 2022; 66:529-537. [PMID: 35979884 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.13024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Following the development of various types of vaccines, the use of adjuvants to boost vaccine efficacy has become a focus of research. Aluminum hydroxide (alum), the most commonly used adjuvant, induces a certain immune response and ensures safety in human trials. However, alum mainly induces only a Th2 response; its Th1 response is weak. Thus, we previously developed a single-stranded ribose nucleic acid (ssRNA) adjuvant that induces a Th1 response through toll-like receptors. Here, we explored whether 10-valent human papilloma virus (HPV)-like particle (VLP) vaccine formulated with ssRNA adjuvant and alum helped enhance immune response and maintained memory response. The mice were immunized intramuscularly twice at 2-week intervals and were inoculated 4 days after the second boost (after about 1 year). Antibody response and T cell activation were measured by Elispot, ELISA using harvested serum and splenocytes. 10-valent HPV VLP vaccine formulated with ssRNA adjuvant and alum increased antigen-specific immune response than alum used alone. It increased each type-specific IgG1/IgG2c titers, and antigen-specific IFN-γ cells. Furthermore, the ssRNA adjuvant with alum induced memory response. In memory response, each type-specific IgG1/IgG2c, IFN-γ, and IL-6 cytokines, and neutralizing antibodies were increased by the ssRNA adjuvant with alum. Overall, the ssRNA adjuvant with alum induced memory responses and balanced Th1/Th2 responses. The ssRNA adjuvant and alum may help to enhanced prophylactic vaccine efficacy. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Won Kwak
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea.,Department of R&D, SMLbiopharm, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Wooseok Shin
- Department of R&D, SK bioscience, Pangyoro, 332, Bundang-gu, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunghwa Baik
- Department of R&D, SK bioscience, Pangyoro, 332, Bundang-gu, Republic of Korea
| | - Minsun Kim
- Department of R&D, SK bioscience, Pangyoro, 332, Bundang-gu, Republic of Korea
| | - YongWook Park
- Department of R&D, SK bioscience, Pangyoro, 332, Bundang-gu, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Hee Hong
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 07804, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jung Park
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong-Jun Park
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea.,Department of R&D, SMLbiopharm, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo-Jin Bang
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea.,Department of R&D, SMLbiopharm, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Yong Kim
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea.,Department of R&D, SMLbiopharm, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Sun Lee
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Beom Kim
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Lim Kim
- Integrative Research Support Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Hun Kim
- Department of R&D, SK bioscience, Pangyoro, 332, Bundang-gu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hwan Nam
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea.,Department of R&D, SMLbiopharm, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea
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Yoo JY, Kwak HJ, Ha EJ, Min SK, Kim JY. Comparison of McGrath videolaryngoscope-assisted insertion versus standard blind technique for flexible laryngeal mask airway insertion in adults. Singapore Med J 2022; 63:342-344. [DOI: 10.11622/smedj.2022080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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31
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Badreddine J, Lee MH, Mishra K, Pope R, Kim JY, Hong SH, Gupta S, Song JM, Shin JI, Ghayda RA. Continuing perioperative estrogen therapy does not increase venous thromboembolic events in transgender patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:2511-2517. [PMID: 35442466 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202204_28488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to compare the risk of venous thromboembolic events (VTE) between patients suspending and continuing estrogen therapy perioperatively, in male to female gender-affirming surgery (vaginoplasty). MATERIALS AND METHODS The authors conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of existing research on male to female gender-affirming study, which compared the risk of VTE among the usage of estrogen perioperatively. RESULTS A total of 209 studies were identified as potentially eligible among PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library databases. Among the studies, 191 studies were excluded due to their abstract inappropriateness. Out of the remaining 18 studies, only 3 articles were eligible and were finally included. Meta-analysis was performed and showed odds ratio of 0.77 (95% CI: 0.04, 14.01). CONCLUSIONS Perioperative estrogen therapy does not increase VTE risk on male to female gender-affirming surgery. Therefore, estrogen therapy may be continued perioperatively in vaginoplasty. More prospective studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Badreddine
- Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA; Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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32
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Rhee HW, Shim J, Kim JY, Bang DJ, Yoon H, Kim M, Kim CC, You JB, Park HH. Direct optical wire bonding through open-to-air polymerization for silicon photonic chips: publisher's note. Opt Lett 2022; 47:1165. [PMID: 35230317 DOI: 10.1364/ol.455707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This publisher's note contains a correction to Opt. Lett. 47, 714 (2022).
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Rhee HW, Shim J, Kim JY, Bang DJ, Yoon H, Kim M, Kim CC, You JB, Park HH. Direct optical wire bonding through open-to-air polymerization for silicon photonic chips. Opt Lett 2022; 47:714-717. [PMID: 35103715 DOI: 10.1364/ol.445526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We developed an inter-chip optical link using direct optical wire (DOW) bonding by open-to-air polymerization. An arch-shaped wire was drawn from a tip in a similar way to a metal wire, but the wire was formed from a polymer solution that solidified in the air during wiring. The DOW bonding was examined for silicon photonic chips where grating couplers are integrated for input/output coupling. Cone-shaped studs were formed at the ends of the wire, and their geometry was optimized using finite-difference time-domain simulation to give a mode conversion function. Although the polymer wire had a multimode scale of 7 µm, the wire bonding between the grating couplers showed a relatively low insertion loss of 5.8 dB at a wavelength of 1590 nm compared to a conventional connection using single-mode fiber blocks. It also showed a larger wavelength tolerance within the range of ∼1520-1590 nm. DOW bonding between a grating coupler and a single-mode fiber were also examined to verify the feasibility of out-of-plane connection with edge-coupling devices. The grating-to-fiber wire link also exhibited a large wavelength tolerance.
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Choi MJ, Yang JW, Lee S, Kim JY, Oh JW, Lee J, Stubbs B, Lee KH, Koyanagi A, Hong SH, Ghayda RA, Hwang J, Dragioti E, Jacob L, Carvalho AF, Radua J, Thompson T, Smith L, Fornaro M, Stickley A, Bettac EL, Han YJ, Kronbichler A, Yon DK, Lee SW, Shin JI, Lee E, Solmi M. Suicide associated with COVID-19 infection: an immunological point of view. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2021; 25:6397-6407. [PMID: 34730221 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202110_27013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic and leading cause of death. Beyond the deaths directly caused by the virus and the suicides related to the psychological response to the dramatic changes as socioeconomic related to the pandemic, there might also be suicides related to the inflammatory responses of the infection. Infection induces inflammation as a cytokine storm, and there is an increasing number of studies that report a relationship between infection and suicide. MATERIALS AND METHODS We searched the World Health Organization status report and the PubMed database for keywords (COVID-19, suicide, infection, inflammation, cytokines), and reviewed five cytokine pathways between suicide and inflammation using two meta-analyses and two observational studies starting from November 31, 2020, focusing on the relationship between suicide and inflammation by infection. First, we discussed existing evidence explaining the relationship between suicidal behaviors and inflammation. Second, we summarized the inflammatory features found in COVID-19 patients. Finally, we highlight the potential for these factors to affect the risk of suicide in COVID-19 patients. RESULTS Patients infected with COVID-19 have high amounts of IL-1β, IFN-γ, IP10, and MCP1, which may lead to Th1 cell response activation. Also, Th2 cytokines (e.g., IL-4 and IL-10) were increased in COVID-19 infection. In COVID-19 patients, neurological conditions, like headache, dizziness, ataxia, seizures, and others have been observed. CONCLUSIONS COVID-19 pandemic can serve as a significant environmental factor contributing directly to increased suicide risk; the role of inflammation by an infection should not be overlooked.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Choi
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Jeong DY, Lee J, Kim JY, Lee KH, Li H, Lee JY, Jeong GH, Yoon S, Park EL, Hong SH, Kang JW, Song TJ, Leyhe T, Eisenhut M, Kronbichler A, Smith L, Solmi M, Stubbs B, Koyanagi A, Jacob L, Stickley A, Thompson T, Dragioti E, Oh H, Brunoni AR, Carvalho AF, Kim MS, Yon DK, Lee SW, Yang JM, Ghayda RA, Shin JI, Fusar-Poli P. Empirical assessment of biases in cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease: an umbrella review and re-analysis of data from meta-analyses. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2021; 25:1536-1547. [PMID: 33629323 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202102_24862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a leading cause of years lived with disability in older age, and several cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) markers have been proposed in individual meta-analyses to be associated with AD but field-wide evaluation and scrutiny of the literature is not available. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed an umbrella review for the reported associations between CSF biomarkers and AD. Data from available meta-analyses were reanalyzed using both random and fixed effects models. We also estimated between-study heterogeneity, small-study effects, excess significance, and prediction interval. RESULTS A total of 38 meta-analyses on CSF markers from 11 eligible articles were identified and reanalyzed. In 14 (36%) of the meta-analyses, the summary estimate and the results of the largest study showed non-concordant results in terms of statistical significance. Large heterogeneity (I2≥75%) was observed in 73% and small-study effects under Egger's test were shown in 28% of CSF biomarkers. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that there is an excess of statistically significant results and significant biases in the literature of CSF biomarkers for AD. Therefore, the results of CSF biomarkers should be interpreted with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Y Jeong
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Park GR, Kim HS, Kim YT, Chung HJ, Ha SJ, Kim DW, Kang DR, Kim JY, Lee MY, Lee JY. Waist circumference and the risk of lumbar and femur fractures: a nationwide population-based cohort study. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2021; 25:1198-1205. [PMID: 33629289 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202102_24822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Although obesity is known to have an influence on fracture, the relationship between lumbar and femur fractures and weight or waist circumference is controversial. We investigated the incidence of fracture with regards to waist circumference using the customised database of the Korean National Health Insurance Service (NHIS). Among 8,922,940 adults who participated at least twice in the NHIS National Health Check-up Program in South Korea between 2009 and 2011, 1,556,751 subjects (780,074 men and 776,677 women) were extracted. Over a mean follow-up of 6.5 years, multivariate-adjusted logistic regression analysis demonstrated that higher waist circumference was associated with an increased risk of femur fractures in both males and females. Moreover, the incidence of lumbar fractures was also positively associated with an increased waist circumference in males and females. An increased waist circumference showed a positive linear relationship with the risk of lumbar and femur fractures in both males and females.
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Affiliation(s)
- G R Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea.
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Baik SH, Jung C, Kim JY, Shin DW, Kim BJ, Kang J, Bae HJ, Kim JH. Local Intra-arterial Thrombolysis during Mechanical Thrombectomy for Refractory Large-Vessel Occlusion: Adjunctive Chemical Enhancer of Thrombectomy. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2021; 42:1986-1992. [PMID: 34475193 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Data on adjunctive intra-arterial thrombolysis during mechanical thrombectomy for refractory thrombus are sparse. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of local intra-arterial urokinase as an adjunct to mechanical thrombectomy for refractory large-vessel occlusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively evaluated patients with acute ischemic stroke who underwent mechanical thrombectomy for anterior circulation large-vessel occlusion between January 2016 and December 2019. Patients were divided into 2 groups based on the use of intra-arterial urokinase as an adjunctive therapy during mechanical thrombectomy for refractory thrombus: the urokinase and nonurokinase groups. Herein, refractory thrombus was defined as the target occlusion with minimal reperfusion (TICI 0 or 1) despite >3 attempts with conventional mechanical thrombectomy. The baseline characteristics, procedural outcomes, and clinical outcome were compared between the 2 groups. RESULTS One hundred fourteen cases of refractory thrombus were identified. A total of 45 and 69 patients were in the urokinase and the nonurokinase groups, respectively. The urokinase group compared with the nonurokinase group showed a higher rate of successful reperfusion (82.2% versus 63.8%, P = .034), with lower procedural times (54 versus 69 minutes, P = .137). The rates of good clinical outcome, distal embolism, and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage were similar between the 2 groups. The use of intra-arterial urokinase (OR = 3.682; 95% CI, 1.156-11.730; P = .027) was an independent predictor of successful reperfusion. CONCLUSIONS The use of local intra-arterial urokinase as an adjunct to mechanical thrombectomy may be an effective and safe method that provides better recanalization than the conventional mechanical thrombectomy for refractory thrombus in patients with embolic large-vessel occlusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Baik
- From the Department of Radiology (S.H.B., C.J., D.-W.S., J.H.K.,)
| | - C Jung
- From the Department of Radiology (S.H.B., C.J., D.-W.S., J.H.K.,)
| | - J Y Kim
- Department of Neurology (J.Y.K., B.J.K., J.K., H.-J.B.), Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - D-W Shin
- From the Department of Radiology (S.H.B., C.J., D.-W.S., J.H.K.,)
| | - B J Kim
- Department of Neurology (J.Y.K., B.J.K., J.K., H.-J.B.), Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - J Kang
- Department of Neurology (J.Y.K., B.J.K., J.K., H.-J.B.), Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - H-J Bae
- Department of Neurology (J.Y.K., B.J.K., J.K., H.-J.B.), Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Kim
- From the Department of Radiology (S.H.B., C.J., D.-W.S., J.H.K.,)
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Kim JY, Hwang D, Jang M, Rhee CS, Han DH. Clinical effectiveness of house dust mite immunotherapy in mono- versus poly-sensitised patients with allergic rhinitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Rhinology 2021; 59:352-359. [PMID: 34180463 DOI: 10.4193/rhin20.588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Selecting an appropriate allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) regimen for polysensitised allergic rhinitis (AR) patients is challenging for clinicians. Although previous studies showed comparable effectiveness of single-allergen AIT with house dust mite (HDM) extract between monosensitised and polysensitised AR patients, there is no systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrating the comparable effectiveness of HDM AIT. In this meta-analysis, we analysed nine studies to compare the clinical effectiveness of HDM AIT. The primary outcome was nasal symptom score and secondary outcomes were medication and quality of life scores. The changes in nasal symptom score after HDM AIT did not significantly differ between monosensitised and polysensitised patients. The clinical effectiveness of HDM AIT regarding medication and quality of life score was not significantly different between monosensitised and polysensitised patients). In conclusion, single-allergen AIT with HDM extract showed comparable clinical effectiveness between polysensitised and monosensitised patients with AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology "Head and Neck Surgery, Ilsan Hospital, Dongguk University, Goyang, Gyeonggi, Korea 2 Interdisciplinary Program of Medical Informatics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - D Hwang
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - M Jang
- Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - C S Rhee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Graduate School of Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, and Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Biomedical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - D H Han
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Hong SN, Kim JK, Kim JA, Cha H, Kim JY, Lim HS, Eun KM, Kim DW. Viral stimulation modulates endotype-related ACE2 expression in eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis. Rhinology 2021; 59:460-469. [PMID: 34282808 DOI: 10.4193/rhin21.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), a receptor targeted by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is highly expressed in the nasal mucosa. Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) shows diverse endotypes and is aggravated by viral infection. Whether viral stimulation and CRS endotype influence ACE2 expression remains unclear. We investigated the expression of ACE2 and the transmembrane protease, serine 2 (TMPRSS2), which mediate the entry of SARS-CoV-2 into cells, and assessed polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly[I:C])-induced changes based on CRS endotype. METHODOLOGY ACE2 and TMPRSS2 expression was evaluated based on CRS phenotype, endotype, and tissue type. Correlations between ACE2/TMPRSS2 expression and inflammatory mediators in nasal polyps (NP) were examined. Air-liquid interface culture experiments were performed to assess the effects of major cytokines or poly(I:C) stimulation on ACE2/TMPRSS2 expression in primary epithelial cells from healthy nasal mucosa, eosinophilic NP (ENP), and non-eosinophilic NP (NENP). RESULTS In primary nasal epithelial cells, interleukin (IL)-13 decreased ACE2 expression but increased TMPRSS2. Eosinophilic CRS showed lower ACE2 expression than non-eosinophilic CRS, regardless of CRS phenotype. CRS endotype was an independent factor associated with ACE2/TMPRSS2 expression in NP. Serum and tissue eosinophilic marker levels were inversely correlated with ACE2 expression, whereas tissue neutrophilic marker levels and ACE2 expression were positively correlated in NP. ACE2 expression was suppressed in ENP tissues; however, a combination of poly(I:C) and IL-13 induced ACE2/TMPRSS2 upregulation in ENP. CONCLUSIONS ENP tissues have lower ACE2 expression than NENP; however, viral stimulation promotes ACE2/TMPRSS2 upregulation in ENP.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-N Hong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center
| | - J K Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center
| | - J-A Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center
| | - H Cha
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center
| | - J Y Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center
| | - H-S Lim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center
| | - K M Eun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center
| | - D W Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center
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40
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Lee JH, Lee S, Nguyen QN, Phung HM, Shin MS, Kim JY, Choi H, Shim SH, Kang KS. Identification of the Active Ingredient and Beneficial Effects of Vitex rotundifolia Fruits on Menopausal Symptoms in Ovariectomized Rats. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1033. [PMID: 34356661 PMCID: PMC8301773 DOI: 10.3390/biom11071033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen replacement therapy is a treatment to relieve the symptoms of menopause. Many studies suggest that natural bioactive ingredients from plants resemble estrogen in structure and biological functions and can relieve symptoms of menopause. The fruit of V. rotundifolia, called "Man HyungJa" in Korean, is a traditional medicine used to treat headache, migraine, eye pain, neuralgia, and premenstrual syndrome in Korea and China. The aim of the present study was to confirm that V. rotundifolia fruit extract (VFE) exerts biological functions similar to those of estrogen in menopausal syndrome. We investigated its in vitro effects on MCF-7 cells and in vivo estrogen-like effects on weight gain and uterine contraction in ovariectomized rats. Using the polar extract, the active constituents of VFE (artemetin, vitexicarpin, hesperidin, luteolin, vitexin, and vanillic acid) with estrogen-like activity were identified in MCF-7 cells. In animal experiments, the efficacy of VFE in ameliorating body weight gain was similar to that of estrogen, as evidenced from improvements in uterine atrophy. Vitexin and vitexicarpin are suggested as the active constituents of V. rotundifolia fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hwan Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea; (J.H.L.); (Q.N.N.); (H.M.P.); (M.-S.S.)
| | - Sullim Lee
- Department of Life Science, College of Bio-Nano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea;
| | - Quynh Nhu Nguyen
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea; (J.H.L.); (Q.N.N.); (H.M.P.); (M.-S.S.)
| | - Hung Manh Phung
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea; (J.H.L.); (Q.N.N.); (H.M.P.); (M.-S.S.)
| | - Myoung-Sook Shin
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea; (J.H.L.); (Q.N.N.); (H.M.P.); (M.-S.S.)
| | - Jae-Yong Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women’s University, Seoul 01369, Korea;
| | - Hyukjae Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea;
| | - Sang Hee Shim
- College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women’s University, Seoul 01369, Korea;
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Ki Sung Kang
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea; (J.H.L.); (Q.N.N.); (H.M.P.); (M.-S.S.)
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Abou Ghayda R, Duck-Young Park D, Lee JY, Kim JY, Lee KH, Hong SH, Yang JW, Kim JS, Jeong GH, Kronbichler A, Koyanagi A, Jacob L, Oh H, Li H, Yang JM, Kim MS, Lee SW, Yon DK, Shin JI, Smith L. Body mass index and mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease: an umbrella review of meta-analyses. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2021; 25:273-286. [PMID: 33506916 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202101_24393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although many previous meta-analyses of epidemiological studies have demonstrated a relationship between body mass index (BMI) and mortality, inconsistent findings among cardiovascular disease patients have been observed. Thus, we performed an umbrella review to understand the strength of evidence and validity of claimed associations between BMI and mortality in patients with cardiovascular diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS We comprehensively re-analyzed the data of meta-analyses of observational studies and randomized controlled trials on associations between BMI and mortality among patients with cardiovascular diseases. We also assessed the strength of evidence of the re-analyzed outcomes, which were determined from the criteria including statistical significance of the p-value of random-effects, as well as fixed-effects meta-analyses, small-study effects, between-study heterogeneity, and a 95% prediction interval. RESULTS We ran comprehensive re-analysis of the data from the 21 selected studies, which contained a total of 108 meta-analyses; 23 were graded as convincing evidence and 12 were suggestive, 42 were weak, and 23 were non-significant. CONCLUSIONS Underweight increased mortality in acute coronary syndrome (ACS), heart failure, and after therapeutic intervention for patients with cardiovascular diseases. Overweight, on the other hand decreased mortality in patient's ACS, atrial fibrillation, and heart failure with convincing evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Abou Ghayda
- Urology Institute, University Hospital System, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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42
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Park S, Lee EJ, Kim JY, Bae YJ, Oh SH. Blood high mobility group box 1 levels are not a suitable biomarker for disease activity or severity in nonsegmental vitiligo. Clin Exp Dermatol 2021; 46:1597-1599. [PMID: 34080225 DOI: 10.1111/ced.14782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Park
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - E J Lee
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Y Kim
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y J Bae
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S H Oh
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Park JW, Kwon OS, Shim JM, Yu HT, Kim TH, Uhm JS, Kim JY, Choi JI, Joung BY, Lee MH, Kim YH, Pak HN. Artificial intelligence-predicted poor responders to catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation. Europace 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euab116.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Introduction
Although atrial fibrillation (AF) catheter ablation is effective for rhythm control, in some patients it is hard to maintain sinus rhythm in spite of repeated AF catheter ablation (AFCA) procedures and anti-arrhythmic drugs (AADs). We explored the pre-procedural predictors for poor responders to AFCA and tested whether artificial intelligence (AI) assists the prediction of poor responders in the independent cohort by determining the invasive parameters.
Methods
Among 1,214 patients who underwent AFCA and regular rhythm follow-up for 56.2 ± 33.8 months (59 ± 11 years, 73.5% male, 68.6% paroxysmal AF), we differentiated 92 poor responders defined as those with sustained AF despite repeat AFCAs, AADs, or electrical cardioversion. Using the Youden index, we identified advanced LA remodeling with lower LA voltage under 1.109mV. AI model, which was derived from development cohort using medical record, was applied to predict LA voltage <1.109mV in the independent cohort (n = 634, poor responders = 24) using a grad-cam score.
Results
The patients with lower LA voltage under 1.109mV showed significantly poorer rhythm outcomes (Log-rank p < 0.001). We determined invasive parameter LA voltage by using the multiple variables (age, female sex, AF type, CHA2DS2VASc score, LA dimension, E/em, hemoglobin, PR interval) and achieved relatively good prediction power of AI for LA voltage <1.109mV (AUC = 0.734, sensitivity 0.729, specificity 0.643) in the test cohort. In the independent cohort, the AI model showed good discrimination power for poor responders (AUC 0.751, p < 0.001) by estimating LA voltage, which is an invasive variable. The patients with predicted lower LA voltage (grad-cam score <0) showed poorer rhythm outcome after active rhythm control (Log-rank p < 0.001)
Conclusions
The patients with advanced atrial remodeling with low LA voltage, which can be predicted by an AI, showed significantly higher recurrence of AF after AFCA with AADs or cardioversion. AI may assist to select these poor responder patients before the AFCA procedure. Abstract Figure.
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Affiliation(s)
- JW Park
- Yonsei University Health system, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - OS Kwon
- Yonsei University Health system, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - JM Shim
- Korea University, Cardiovascular Center, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - HT Yu
- Yonsei University Health system, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - TH Kim
- Yonsei University Health system, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - JS Uhm
- Yonsei University Health system, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - JY Kim
- Yonsei University Health system, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - JI Choi
- Korea University, Cardiovascular Center, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - BY Joung
- Yonsei University Health system, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - MH Lee
- Yonsei University Health system, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - YH Kim
- Korea University, Cardiovascular Center, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - HN Pak
- Yonsei University Health system, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
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Kim JY, Lee H, Joo CK, Hyon JY, Kim TI, Kim JH, Kim JK, Cho EY, Choi JE, Lee NR, Tchah HW. Three-Year Follow-Up of Laser In Situ Keratomileusis Treatments for Myopia: Multi-Center Cohort Study in Korean Population. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11050419. [PMID: 34065718 PMCID: PMC8156820 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11050419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This multi-center cohort study included 3401 myopic laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) procedures conducted in 1756 myopia patients between 2002 and 2005. Pre- and postoperative uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and manifest refraction spherical equivalent (SE) were recorded. Factors predicting low postoperative efficacy (defined as a postoperative UCVA < 0.5) were identified using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Compared with 1 month postoperatively, logMAR UCVA at 3 months postoperatively was significantly decreased (p = 0.002) and that at 2 and 3 years was significantly increased (p < 0.001). LogMAR BCVA at 2 years postoperatively was significantly decreased compared with 1 month postoperatively (p = 0.008). Over the 3-year postoperative period, overall refractive predictability within ±1.00 D and ±0.50 D ranged from 69.0% to 86.2% and from 43.3% to 67.8%, respectively. This also decreased from 1 month to 6 months postoperatively (p < 0.005). Multivariate logistic regression analysis using generalized estimating equations, revealed that higher preoperative SE (odds ratio [OR], 2.58 and 7.23; p < 0.001) and lower preoperative BCVA (OR, 2.44; p = 0.003) were predictive of a low postoperative efficacy. In summary, myopic LASIK can be effective and safe with a high refractive predictability in a Korean population, but myopic regression occurs over time. Higher preoperative SE and lower preoperative BCVA are predictive of a low postoperative efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Yong Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.-Y.K.); (H.L.)
| | - Hun Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.-Y.K.); (H.L.)
| | - Choun-Ki Joo
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Kangnam St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea;
| | - Joon-Young Hyon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Korea;
| | - Tae-Im Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Corneal Dystrophy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea;
| | - Jin-Hyoung Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University of Korea, Koyang 10380, Korea;
| | - Jin-Kuk Kim
- B&VIIT Eye Center, Seoul 06615, Korea; (J.-K.K.); (E.-Y.C.)
| | - Eun-Young Cho
- B&VIIT Eye Center, Seoul 06615, Korea; (J.-K.K.); (E.-Y.C.)
| | - Ji-Eun Choi
- National Evidence-Based Healthcare Collaborating Agency, Seoul 04554, Korea; (J.-E.C.); (N.-R.L.)
| | - Na-Rae Lee
- National Evidence-Based Healthcare Collaborating Agency, Seoul 04554, Korea; (J.-E.C.); (N.-R.L.)
| | - Hung-Won Tchah
- Department of Ophthalmology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.-Y.K.); (H.L.)
- Correspondence:
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45
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Seo J, An ES, Park T, Hwang SY, Kim GY, Song K, Noh WS, Kim JY, Choi GS, Choi M, Oh E, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Park JH, Jo YJ, Yeom HW, Choi SY, Shim JH, Kim JS. Tunable high-temperature itinerant antiferromagnetism in a van der Waals magnet. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2844. [PMID: 33990589 PMCID: PMC8121823 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23122-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Discovery of two dimensional (2D) magnets, showing intrinsic ferromagnetic (FM) or antiferromagnetic (AFM) orders, has accelerated development of novel 2D spintronics, in which all the key components are made of van der Waals (vdW) materials and their heterostructures. High-performing and energy-efficient spin functionalities have been proposed, often relying on current-driven manipulation and detection of the spin states. In this regard, metallic vdW magnets are expected to have several advantages over the widely-studied insulating counterparts, but have not been much explored due to the lack of suitable materials. Here, we report tunable itinerant ferro- and antiferromagnetism in Co-doped Fe4GeTe2 utilizing the vdW interlayer coupling, extremely sensitive to the material composition. This leads to high TN antiferromagnetism of TN ~ 226 K in a bulk and ~210 K in 8 nm-thick nanoflakes, together with tunable magnetic anisotropy. The resulting spin configurations and orientations are sensitively controlled by doping, magnetic field, and thickness, which are effectively read out by electrical conduction. These findings manifest strong merits of metallic vdW magnets as an active component of vdW spintronic applications. Metallic van der Waals magnets have considerable technological promise, due to their ability to be strongly coupled with electronic currents and integrated in two dimensional heterostructures. Here, Seo et al. demonstrate highly tunable itinerant antiferromagnetism in a van der Waals magnet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junho Seo
- Center for Artificial Low Dimensional Electronic Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang, Korea.,Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Korea
| | - Eun Su An
- Center for Artificial Low Dimensional Electronic Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang, Korea.,Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Korea
| | - Taesu Park
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Korea
| | - Soo-Yoon Hwang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Korea
| | - Gi-Yeop Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Korea
| | - Kyung Song
- Materials Modeling and Characterization Department, KIMS, Changwon, Korea
| | - Woo-Suk Noh
- MPPC-CPM, Max Planck POSTECH/Korea Research Initiative, Pohang, Korea
| | - J Y Kim
- Center for Artificial Low Dimensional Electronic Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang, Korea
| | - Gyu Seung Choi
- Center for Artificial Low Dimensional Electronic Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang, Korea.,Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Korea
| | - Minhyuk Choi
- Center for Artificial Low Dimensional Electronic Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang, Korea.,Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Korea
| | - Eunseok Oh
- Center for Artificial Low Dimensional Electronic Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang, Korea.,Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Korea
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - J -H Park
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Korea.,MPPC-CPM, Max Planck POSTECH/Korea Research Initiative, Pohang, Korea
| | - Youn Jung Jo
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Han Woong Yeom
- Center for Artificial Low Dimensional Electronic Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang, Korea.,Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Korea
| | - Si-Young Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Korea.
| | - Ji Hoon Shim
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Korea. .,Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Korea.
| | - Jun Sung Kim
- Center for Artificial Low Dimensional Electronic Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang, Korea. .,Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Korea.
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46
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Hong SH, Oh H, Park YW, Kwak HW, Oh EY, Park HJ, Kang KW, Kim G, Koo BS, Hwang EH, Baek SH, Park HJ, Lee YS, Bang YJ, Kim JY, Bae SH, Lee SJ, Seo KW, Kim H, Kwon T, Kim JH, Lee S, Kim E, Kim Y, Park JH, Park SI, Gonçalves M, Weon BM, Jeong H, Nam KT, Hwang KA, Kim J, Kim H, Lee SM, Hong JJ, Nam JH. Immunization with RBD-P2 and N protects against SARS-CoV-2 in nonhuman primates. Sci Adv 2021; 7:7/22/eabg7156. [PMID: 34049881 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg7156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Since the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), various vaccines are being developed, with most vaccine candidates focusing on the viral spike protein. Here, we developed a previously unknown subunit vaccine comprising the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein fused with the tetanus toxoid epitope P2 (RBD-P2) and tested its efficacy in rodents and nonhuman primates (NHPs). We also investigated whether the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein (N) could increase vaccine efficacy. Immunization with N and RBD-P2 (RBDP2/N) + alum increased T cell responses in mice and neutralizing antibody levels in rats compared with those obtained using RBD-P2 + alum. Furthermore, in NHPs, RBD-P2/N + alum induced slightly faster SARS-CoV-2 clearance than that induced by RBD-P2 + alum, albeit without statistical significance. Our study supports further development of RBD-P2 as a vaccine candidate against SARS-CoV-2. Also, it provides insights regarding the use of N in protein-based vaccines against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Hee Hong
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanseul Oh
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Wook Park
- Department of Research and Development, SK Bioscience, Pangyoro 332, Bundang-gu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Won Kwak
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Young Oh
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Environmental and Bioresources, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jung Park
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Won Kang
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Environmental and Bioresources, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Green Kim
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Bon-Sang Koo
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ha Hwang
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Ho Baek
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong-Jun Park
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Sun Lee
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo-Jin Bang
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Yong Kim
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Hyeon Bae
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Jeen Lee
- Department of Research and Development, SK Bioscience, Pangyoro 332, Bundang-gu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Weon Seo
- Department of Research and Development, SK Bioscience, Pangyoro 332, Bundang-gu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak Kim
- Department of Research and Development, SK Bioscience, Pangyoro 332, Bundang-gu, Republic of Korea
| | - Taewoo Kwon
- Department of Research and Development, SK Bioscience, Pangyoro 332, Bundang-gu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hwan Kim
- Department of Research and Development, SK Bioscience, Pangyoro 332, Bundang-gu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonghwan Lee
- Department of Research and Development, SK Bioscience, Pangyoro 332, Bundang-gu, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunsom Kim
- Department of Research and Development, SK Bioscience, Pangyoro 332, Bundang-gu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonhwa Kim
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Environmental and Bioresources, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hak Park
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-In Park
- Scripps Korea Antibody Institute, Chuncheon, Kangwon-do 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Marta Gonçalves
- Soft Matter Physics Laboratory, School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Mook Weon
- Soft Matter Physics Laboratory, School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Haengdueng Jeong
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Taek Nam
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Ah Hwang
- Department of Research and Development, SML Genetree, Baumero 225, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06740, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihye Kim
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Hun Kim
- Department of Research and Development, SK Bioscience, Pangyoro 332, Bundang-gu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Myeong Lee
- Present address: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jung Joo Hong
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae-Hwan Nam
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea.
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Yoo JR, Kim JY, Heo ST, Kim J, Park HJ, Lee JY, Lim HY, Park WJ, Cho NH, Kim JM, Nam JH, Lee KH. Neutralizing Antibodies to Severe Fever With Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus Among Survivors, Non-Survivors and Healthy Residents in South Korea. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:649570. [PMID: 33834006 PMCID: PMC8021957 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.649570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), a newly emerging tick-borne viral disease, has been detected in Asia since 2009, and person-to-person transmission is possible. SFTS is characterized by atypical signs, including mild to severe febrile illness similar to that associated with hemorrhagic fever, with 16.2 to 30% mortality. We found that the titers of neutralizing antibodies, play an important role in protective immunity, to SFTS virus (SFTSV) in survivors and healthy residents who lived in endemic areas and who were positive for SFTSV IgG, were higher than those in non-survivor patients. Moreover, the titers were maintained in surviving patients and healthy residents but not in non-surviving patients in South Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Rae Yoo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Jae-Yong Kim
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, South Korea
| | - Sang Taek Heo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Jihye Kim
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Hyeong-Jun Park
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, South Korea
| | - Joo-Yeon Lee
- Division of Emerging Infectious Diseases and Vector Research, National Institute of Health, Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Osong, South Korea
| | - Hee-Young Lim
- Division of Emerging Infectious Diseases and Vector Research, National Institute of Health, Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Osong, South Korea
| | - Woo-Jung Park
- Division of Emerging Infectious Diseases and Vector Research, National Institute of Health, Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Osong, South Korea
| | - Nam-Hyuk Cho
- Department of Microbiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung Mogg Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae-Hwan Nam
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, South Korea
| | - Keun Hwa Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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48
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Park JH, Jung J, Kim JY, Hong MJ, Kim EO, Jo KW, Shim TS, Kim SH. Airborne precautions based on Xpert ® MTB/RIF results for patients with presumptive TB. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2021; 25:244-246. [PMID: 33688817 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.20.0584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J H Park
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J Jung
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Office for Infection Control, Republic of Korea
| | - J Y Kim
- Office for Infection Control, Republic of Korea
| | - M J Hong
- Office for Infection Control, Republic of Korea
| | - E O Kim
- Office for Infection Control, Republic of Korea
| | - K-W Jo
- Department of Pulmonology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - T S Shim
- Department of Pulmonology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S-H Kim
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Office for Infection Control, Republic of Korea
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49
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Chung H, Park CH, Kim YJ, Kim JY, Min PK, Yoon YW, Lee KA, Lee BK, Hong BK, Kim TH, Rim SJ, Kwon HM, Choi EY. Myocardial extracellular space expansion is related to burden of premature ventricular contractions in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy without non-sustained ventricular tachycardia. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeaa356.321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background
Current guidelines suggest the presence of non-sustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT) as a risk factor of sudden cardiac death in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). However, high burden of premature ventricular contraction (PVC) may reflect myocardial fibrosis although the absence of NSVT.
Purpose
We investigated the association between PVC burden and myocardial extracellular space expansion in HCM patients without NSVT.
Methods
Of the 212 patients prospectively enrolled to the HCM registry of genetics, 84 patients were evaluated with both cardiac magnetic resonance and 24hr holter. Among them, 71 patients (58 males, mean age: 71 ± 13 years) have not been diagnosed with NSVT.
Results
Patients with NSVT (n = 13) showed more impaired LA functional indices and higher myocardial fibrosis burden compared with patients without NSVT (n = 71). Among patients who have not been diagnosed with NSVT, patients with late gadolinium enhancement (LGE, n = 46) had a higher total beats (109 ± 332 vs. 7 ± 13 beats per a day, p = 0.003) and burden (0.114 ± 0.225 vs. 0.008 ± 0.014 %, p = 0.003) of PVC during 24-hour compared with patients without LGE (n = 25). %LGE was correlated with total beats of PVC (r = 0.358, p = 0.002) and PVC burden (r = 0.377, p = 0.001). ECV also correlated with total beats of PVC (r = 0.387, p = 0.001) and PVC burden (r = 0.401, p = 0.001). The optimal cutoff value for PVC number was 45 (37.0% of sensitivity and 100% of specificity) with 0.733 of the area under the ROC curve (p < 0.001). Pathogenic or likely pathogenic sarcomere mutation was higher in NSVT group than no NSVT group (p < 0.05), and had a higher tendency in higher PVC burden group (0.05 < p < 0.1) than lower PVC burden group.
Conclusions
Total beats and burden of PVC are significantly related to increase in myocardial fibrosis in HCM patients without NSVT.
Abstract Figure. Mechanism of ventricular arrhythmia
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Affiliation(s)
- H Chung
- Kyung Hee Medical Center, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - CH Park
- Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - YJ Kim
- Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - JY Kim
- Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - PK Min
- Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - YW Yoon
- Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - KA Lee
- Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - BK Lee
- Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - BK Hong
- Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - TH Kim
- Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - SJ Rim
- Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - HM Kwon
- Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - EY Choi
- Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
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50
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Ohn J, Hur K, Cho Y, Park J, Kim JY, Lee SJ, Park H, Mun JH. Developing a predictive model for distinguishing invasive nail unit melanoma from nail unit melanoma in situ. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020; 35:906-911. [PMID: 33205521 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical information that distinguishes invasive nail unit melanoma from nail unit melanoma in situ before surgery would aid physicians in the decision-making process and estimating prognosis. However, limited information is available on the detailed demographic and dermoscopic features of invasive nail unit melanoma and nail unit melanoma in situ for differential diagnosis. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the demographic data and dermoscopic features of invasive nail unit melanoma and nail unit melanoma in situ and establish a predictive model for differentiating these two forms of nail unit melanoma. METHODS A retrospective observational study of ninety-seven patients diagnosed with nail unit melanoma (59 in situ and 38 invasive cases) in four healthcare centres in South Korea (three tertiary referral hospitals and one second referral hospital) from March 2014 to December 2019. RESULTS A multivariable analysis revealed that ulcer (odds ratio = 21.6, confidence interval = 2.1-219.8, P = 0.009), total melanonychia (odds ratio = 17.6, confidence interval = 3.0-104.0, P = 0.002), nail plate destruction (odds ratio = 10.9, confidence interval = 2.0-59.4, P = 0.006) and polychromia (odds ratio = 5.3, confidence interval = 1.36-20.57, P = 0.016) were distinctive dermoscopic features of invasive nail unit melanoma. A predictive model with scores ranging from 0 to 6 points demonstrated a reliable diagnostic value (C-statistic = 0.902) in differentiating invasive nail unit melanoma from nail unit melanoma in situ. CONCLUSIONS Invasive nail unit melanoma and nail unit melanoma in situ have different dermoscopic features. A predictive model based on morphologic dermoscopic features could aid in differentiating invasive nail unit melanoma from nail unit melanoma in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ohn
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - K Hur
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y Cho
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, College of Science, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - J Park
- Department of Dermatology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea
| | - J Y Kim
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - S-J Lee
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - H Park
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Dermatology, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center (SMG-SNU), Seoul, Korea
| | - J-H Mun
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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