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Bailey LRJ, Bugg D, Reichardt IM, Ortaç CD, Nagle A, Gunaje J, Martinson A, Johnson R, MacCoss MJ, Sakamoto T, Kelly DP, Regnier M, Davis JM. MBNL1 Regulates Programmed Postnatal Switching Between Regenerative and Differentiated Cardiac States. Circulation 2024. [PMID: 38426339 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.123.066860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Discovering determinants of cardiomyocyte maturity is critical for deeply understanding the maintenance of differentiated states and potentially reawakening endogenous regenerative programs in adult mammalian hearts as a therapeutic strategy. Forced dedifferentiation paired with oncogene expression is sufficient to drive cardiac regeneration, but elucidation of endogenous developmental regulators of the switch between regenerative and mature cardiomyocyte cell states is necessary for optimal design of regenerative approaches for heart disease. MBNL1 (muscleblind-like 1) regulates fibroblast, thymocyte, and erythroid differentiation and proliferation. Hence, we examined whether MBNL1 promotes and maintains mature cardiomyocyte states while antagonizing cardiomyocyte proliferation. METHODS MBNL1 gain- and loss-of-function mouse models were studied at several developmental time points and in surgical models of heart regeneration. Multi-omics approaches were combined with biochemical, histological, and in vitro assays to determine the mechanisms through which MBNL1 exerts its effects. RESULTS MBNL1 is coexpressed with a maturation-association genetic program in the heart and is regulated by the MEIS1/calcineurin signaling axis. Targeted MBNL1 overexpression early in development prematurely transitioned cardiomyocytes to hypertrophic growth, hypoplasia, and dysfunction, whereas loss of MBNL1 function increased cardiomyocyte cell cycle entry and proliferation through altered cell cycle inhibitor transcript stability. Moreover, MBNL1-dependent stabilization of estrogen-related receptor signaling was essential for maintaining cardiomyocyte maturity in adult myocytes. In accordance with these data, modulating MBNL1 dose tuned the temporal window of neonatal cardiac regeneration, where increased MBNL1 expression arrested myocyte proliferation and regeneration and MBNL1 deletion promoted regenerative states with prolonged myocyte proliferation. However, MBNL1 deficiency was insufficient to promote regeneration in the adult heart because of cell cycle checkpoint activation. CONCLUSIONS Here, MBNL1 was identified as an essential regulator of cardiomyocyte differentiated states, their developmental switch from hyperplastic to hypertrophic growth, and their regenerative potential through controlling an entire maturation program by stabilizing adult myocyte mRNAs during postnatal development and throughout adulthood. Targeting loss of cardiomyocyte maturity and downregulation of cell cycle inhibitors through MBNL1 deletion was not sufficient to promote adult regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Logan R J Bailey
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle.(L.R.J.B., D.B., C.D.O., J.G., A.M., J.M.D.)
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle. (L.R.J.B.)
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Washington, Seattle. (L.R.J.B.)
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle. (L.R.J.B., D.B., I.M.R., C.D.O., A.N., J.G., A.M., M.R.)
| | - Darrian Bugg
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle.(L.R.J.B., D.B., C.D.O., J.G., A.M., J.M.D.)
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle. (L.R.J.B., D.B., I.M.R., C.D.O., A.N., J.G., A.M., M.R.)
| | - Isabella M Reichardt
- Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle. (I.M.R., A.N., M.R., J.M.D.)
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle. (L.R.J.B., D.B., I.M.R., C.D.O., A.N., J.G., A.M., M.R.)
| | - C Dessirée Ortaç
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle.(L.R.J.B., D.B., C.D.O., J.G., A.M., J.M.D.)
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle. (L.R.J.B., D.B., I.M.R., C.D.O., A.N., J.G., A.M., M.R.)
| | - Abigail Nagle
- Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle. (I.M.R., A.N., M.R., J.M.D.)
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle. (L.R.J.B., D.B., I.M.R., C.D.O., A.N., J.G., A.M., M.R.)
| | - Jagadambika Gunaje
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle.(L.R.J.B., D.B., C.D.O., J.G., A.M., J.M.D.)
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle. (L.R.J.B., D.B., I.M.R., C.D.O., A.N., J.G., A.M., M.R.)
| | - Amy Martinson
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle.(L.R.J.B., D.B., C.D.O., J.G., A.M., J.M.D.)
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle. (L.R.J.B., D.B., I.M.R., C.D.O., A.N., J.G., A.M., M.R.)
| | - Richard Johnson
- Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle. (R.J., M.J.M.)
| | | | - Tomoya Sakamoto
- Cardiovascular Institute, Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (T.S., D.P.K.)
| | - Daniel P Kelly
- Cardiovascular Institute, Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (T.S., D.P.K.)
| | - Michael Regnier
- Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle. (I.M.R., A.N., M.R., J.M.D.)
- Center for Translational Muscle Research, University of Washington, Seattle. (M.R., J.M.D.)
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle. (L.R.J.B., D.B., I.M.R., C.D.O., A.N., J.G., A.M., M.R.)
| | - Jennifer M Davis
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle.(L.R.J.B., D.B., C.D.O., J.G., A.M., J.M.D.)
- Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle. (I.M.R., A.N., M.R., J.M.D.)
- Center for Translational Muscle Research, University of Washington, Seattle. (M.R., J.M.D.)
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Schuerwegen A, Huys W, Wuyts E, Goethals K, Coppens V, Davis JM, Tarleton HL, Sagarin BJ, Morrens M. BDSM in North America, Europe, and Oceania: A Large-Scale International Survey Gauging BDSM Interests and Activities. J Sex Res 2023:1-11. [PMID: 37647344 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2023.2241451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
BDSM bondage and discipline, dominance and submission, and sadism and masochism is a widespread and highly prevalent yet stigmatized practice of intimacy and sexuality. In recent years, international interest in BDSM research has grown, mainly resulting in prevalence studies in various countries. To date, however, no research has investigated international and intercontinental differences in the nature of BDSM interests and fantasies, BDSM roles and practicing contexts among BDSM practitioners. In order to explore international discrepancies in BDSM identity, fantasies, and activities among self-identified BDSM practitioners, a group of FetLife (a social network website for BDSM and kink interested individuals) members (N = 1,112) originating from North America (n = 458), Europe (n = 566), Oceania (n = 46), and Other (n = 42) completed the survey. Europeans reported an earlier age of onset of fantasizing about BDSM than did North Americans. More North Americans indicated practicing BDSM in a public context than did Europeans and Oceanians. These differences could in part be explained by different cultural backgrounds, higher levels of religiosity, and current stigmas toward non-traditional sexual interests. Future research should focus on clarifying whether cultural mechanisms underlie these dissimilarities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alana Schuerwegen
- University Forensic Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Antwerp University Hospital
| | - Wim Huys
- University Forensic Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Antwerp University Hospital
- Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp
| | - Elise Wuyts
- Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp
| | - Kris Goethals
- University Forensic Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Antwerp University Hospital
- Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp
| | - Violette Coppens
- Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp
- Scientific Initiative for Neuropsychiatric and Psychopharmacolgical Studies, University Psychiatric Centre Duffel
| | | | | | | | - Manuel Morrens
- Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp
- Scientific Initiative for Neuropsychiatric and Psychopharmacolgical Studies, University Psychiatric Centre Duffel
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3
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Berr AL, Wiese K, Dos Santos G, Koch CM, Anekalla KR, Kidd M, Davis JM, Cheng Y, Hu YS, Ridge KM. Vimentin is required for tumor progression and metastasis in a mouse model of non-small cell lung cancer. Oncogene 2023:10.1038/s41388-023-02703-9. [PMID: 37161053 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02703-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Vimentin is highly expressed in metastatic cancers, and its expression correlates with poor patient prognoses. However, no causal in vivo studies linking vimentin and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) progression existed until now. We use three complementary in vivo models to show that vimentin is required for the progression of NSCLC. First, we crossed LSL-KrasG12D; Tp53fl/fl mice (KPV+/+) with vimentin knockout mice (KPV-/-) to demonstrate that KPV-/- mice have attenuated tumor growth and improved survival compared with KPV+/+ mice. Next, we therapeutically treated KPV+/+ mice with withaferin A (WFA), an agent that disrupts vimentin intermediate filaments (IFs). We show that WFA suppresses tumor growth and reduces tumor burden in the lung. Finally, luciferase-expressing KPV+/+, KPV-/-, or KPVY117L cells were implanted into the flanks of athymic mice to track cancer metastasis to the lung. In KPVY117L cells, vimentin forms oligomers called unit-length filaments but cannot assemble into mature vimentin IFs. KPV-/- and KPVY117L cells fail to metastasize, suggesting that cell-autonomous metastasis requires mature vimentin IFs. Integrative metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis reveals that KPV-/- cells upregulate genes associated with ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death. KPV-/- cells have reduced glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) levels, resulting in the accumulation of toxic lipid peroxides and increased ferroptosis. Together, our results demonstrate that vimentin is required for rapid tumor growth, metastasis, and protection from ferroptosis in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra L Berr
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kristin Wiese
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Gimena Dos Santos
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Clarissa M Koch
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kishore R Anekalla
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Martha Kidd
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jennifer M Davis
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yuan Cheng
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yuan-Shih Hu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Karen M Ridge
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
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4
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Bailey LRJ, Bugg D, Reichardt IM, Ortaç CD, Gunaje J, Johnson R, MacCoss MJ, Sakamoto T, Kelly DP, Regnier M, Davis JM. MBNL1 regulates programmed postnatal switching between regenerative and differentiated cardiac states. bioRxiv 2023:2023.03.16.532974. [PMID: 36993225 PMCID: PMC10055038 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.16.532974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Discovering determinants of cardiomyocyte maturity and the maintenance of differentiated states is critical to both understanding development and potentially reawakening endogenous regenerative programs in adult mammalian hearts as a therapeutic strategy. Here, the RNA binding protein Muscleblind-like 1 (MBNL1) was identified as a critical regulator of cardiomyocyte differentiated states and their regenerative potential through transcriptome-wide control of RNA stability. Targeted MBNL1 overexpression early in development prematurely transitioned cardiomyocytes to hypertrophic growth, hypoplasia, and dysfunction, whereas loss of MBNL1 function increased cardiomyocyte cell cycle entry and proliferation through altered cell cycle inhibitor transcript stability. Moreover, MBNL1-dependent stabilization of the estrogen-related receptor signaling axis was essential for maintaining cardiomyocyte maturity. In accordance with these data, modulating MBNL1 dose tuned the temporal window of cardiac regeneration, where enhanced MBNL1 activity arrested myocyte proliferation, and MBNL1 deletion promoted regenerative states with prolonged myocyte proliferation. Collectively these data suggest MBNL1 acts as a transcriptome-wide switch between regenerative and mature myocyte states postnatally and throughout adulthood.
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5
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Davis JM, Li JZ. The Promise and Peril of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Monoclonal Antibodies. Clin Infect Dis 2022; 76:1257-1259. [PMID: 36411498 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciac902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jonathan Z Li
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
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6
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Blitz SE, McMahon JT, Chalif JI, Jarvis CA, Segar DJ, Northam WT, Chen JA, Bergmark RW, Davis JM, Yawetz S, Arnaout O. Intracranial complications of hypercoagulability and superinfection in the setting of COVID-19: illustrative cases. Journal of Neurosurgery: Case Lessons 2022; 3:CASE22127. [PMID: 35734230 PMCID: PMC9204919 DOI: 10.3171/case22127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Hypercoagulability with thrombosis and associated inflammation has been well-documented in COVID-19, and catastrophic cerebral venous sinus thromboses (CVSTs) have been described. Another COVID-19–related complication is bacterial superinfection, including sinusitis. Here, the authors reported three cases of COVID-19–associated sinusitis, meningitis, and CVST and summarized the literature about septic intracranial thrombotic events as a cause of headache and fever in COVID-19.
OBSERVATIONS
The authors described three adolescent patients with no pertinent past medical history and no prior COVID-19 vaccinations who presented with subacute headaches, photosensitivity, nausea, and vomiting after testing positive for COVID-19. Imaging showed subdural collections, CVST, cerebral edema, and severe sinus disease. Two patients had decline in mental status and progression of neurological symptoms. In all three, emergency cranial and sinonasal washouts uncovered pus that grew polymicrobial cultures. After receiving broad-spectrum antimicrobials and various additional treatments, including two of three patients receiving anticoagulation, all patients eventually became neurologically intact with varying ongoing sequelae.
LESSONS
These cases demonstrated similar original presentations among previously healthy adolescents with COVID-19 infections, concurrent sinusitis precipitating CVST, and subdural empyemas. Better recognition and understanding of the multisystem results of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and the complicated sequelae allows for proper treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J. Tanner McMahon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Joshua I. Chalif
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Casey A. Jarvis
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Neurosurgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David J. Segar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Neurosurgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Weston T. Northam
- Department of Neurosurgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jason A. Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Regan W. Bergmark
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, and Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; and
| | - Jennifer M. Davis
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sigal Yawetz
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Omar Arnaout
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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7
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McQuattie-Pimentel AC, Ren Z, Joshi N, Watanabe S, Stoeger T, Chi M, Lu Z, Sichizya L, Aillon RP, Chen CI, Soberanes S, Chen Z, Reyfman PA, Walter JM, Anekalla KR, Davis JM, Helmin KA, Runyan CE, Abdala-Valencia H, Nam K, Meliton AY, Winter DR, Morimoto RI, Mutlu GM, Bharat A, Perlman H, Gottardi CJ, Ridge KM, Chandel NS, Sznajder JI, Balch WE, Singer BD, Misharin AV, Budinger GS. The lung microenvironment shapes a dysfunctional response of alveolar macrophages in aging. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:140299. [PMID: 33586677 PMCID: PMC7919859 DOI: 10.1172/jci140299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alveolar macrophages orchestrate the response to viral infections. Age-related changes in these cells may underlie the differential severity of pneumonia in older patients. We performed an integrated analysis of single-cell RNA-Seq data that revealed homogenous age-related changes in the alveolar macrophage transcriptome in humans and mice. Using genetic lineage tracing with sequential injury, heterochronic adoptive transfer, and parabiosis, we found that the lung microenvironment drove an age-related resistance of alveolar macrophages to proliferation that persisted during influenza A viral infection. Ligand-receptor pair analysis localized these changes to the extracellular matrix, where hyaluronan was increased in aged animals and altered the proliferative response of bone marrow-derived macrophages to granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Our findings suggest that strategies targeting the aging lung microenvironment will be necessary to restore alveolar macrophage function in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ziyou Ren
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Nikita Joshi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Satoshi Watanabe
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Thomas Stoeger
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Monica Chi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ziyan Lu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Lango Sichizya
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Raul Piseaux Aillon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ching-I Chen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Saul Soberanes
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Zhangying Chen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Paul A. Reyfman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - James M. Walter
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kishore R. Anekalla
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jennifer M. Davis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kathryn A. Helmin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Constance E. Runyan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Hiam Abdala-Valencia
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kiwon Nam
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Angelo Y. Meliton
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Chicago Hospitals, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Deborah R. Winter
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Richard I. Morimoto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Gökhan M. Mutlu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Chicago Hospitals, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ankit Bharat
- Department of Surgery, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Harris Perlman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Cara J. Gottardi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Karen M. Ridge
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Navdeep S. Chandel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jacob I. Sznajder
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - William E. Balch
- The Scripps Research Institute Department of Chemical Physiology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Benjamin D. Singer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Alexander V. Misharin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - G.R. Scott Budinger
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Nagle A, Regnier M, Davis JM. A Novel Method to Measure Myofibril Strain in Intact Human Stem Cell Derived Cardiomyocytes. Biophys J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2020.11.1641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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9
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Bell AF, Rubin LH, Davis JM, Golding J, Adejumo OA, Carter CS. The birth experience and subsequent maternal caregiving attitudes and behavior: a birth cohort study. Arch Womens Ment Health 2019; 22:613-620. [PMID: 30353272 PMCID: PMC6478564 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-018-0921-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Optimal maternal caregiving is critical for children's healthy development, yet quality of maternal caregiving may be influenced by a negative birth experience. We examined whether the birth experience was associated with maternal caregiving attitudes and behavior throughout the first year. We conducted secondary analysis of the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children birth cohort on perinatal data. The birth experience was assessed using self-report data on level of support in labor. Maternal caregiving variables were self-report maternal attitudes at one and eight postnatal months, and observed maternal behavior at 12 postnatal months. Data were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression models adjusting for critical covariates at one (N = 4389), eight (N = 4580), and 12 (N = 842) postnatal months. Feeling supported in labor was associated with a report of "immediately falling in love" with one's baby after birth, surveyed at 1 month (adjusted OR 1.41 [95% CI 1.20-1.65]), and with more positive parenting scores at 8 months (adjusted OR 1.56 [95% CI 1.36-1.79]), but not with more positive observed maternal behavior at 12 months. Additional risk factors were identified. Our findings suggest that we may be able to modify the risk of poor postnatal maternal caregiving by supporting women in labor and facilitating a positive birth experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- A F Bell
- Department of Women Children and Family Health Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 S. Damen Ave, (M/C 820), Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
- College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 S. Damen Ave, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
| | - L H Rubin
- Departments of Neurology and Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, 600 N. Wolfe St, Meyer 6-113a, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - J M Davis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1601 W. Taylor, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - J Golding
- Centre for Academic Child Health, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
| | - O A Adejumo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1603 W. Taylor, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - C S Carter
- Kinsey Institute and Department of Biology, Morrison Hall 13, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
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10
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Hackett S, Badell ML, Meade CM, Davis JM, Blue J, Curtin L, Camacho-Gonzalez A, Chahroudi A, Chakraborty R, Nguyen MLT, Palmore MP, Sheth AN. Improved Perinatal and Postpartum Human Immunodeficiency Virus Outcomes After Use of a Perinatal Care Coordination Team. Open Forum Infect Dis 2019; 6:ofz183. [PMID: 31198816 PMCID: PMC6545466 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofz183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In a high-volume clinic in the Southeastern United States, pregnant women living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) had improved HIV outcomes up to 6 months after delivery following the introduction of a multidisciplinary perinatal care coordination team.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martina L Badell
- Infectious Diseases Program, Grady Health System, Atlanta, Georgia.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | | | - Jeronia Blue
- Infectious Diseases Program, Grady Health System, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Lisa Curtin
- Infectious Diseases Program, Grady Health System, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Andres Camacho-Gonzalez
- Infectious Diseases Program, Grady Health System, Atlanta, Georgia.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Ann Chahroudi
- Infectious Diseases Program, Grady Health System, Atlanta, Georgia.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Rana Chakraborty
- Infectious Diseases Program, Grady Health System, Atlanta, Georgia.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Minh Ly T Nguyen
- Infectious Diseases Program, Grady Health System, Atlanta, Georgia.,Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Melody P Palmore
- Infectious Diseases Program, Grady Health System, Atlanta, Georgia.,Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Anandi N Sheth
- Infectious Diseases Program, Grady Health System, Atlanta, Georgia.,Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Atlanta, Georgia
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Leucht S, Levine SZ, Samara M, Cipriani A, Davis JM, Furukawa TA. Possibly no baseline severity effect for antidepressants versus placebo but for antipsychotics. Why? Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2018; 268:621-623. [PMID: 30178421 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-018-0940-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Leucht
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität München, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany. .,Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
| | | | - M Samara
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität München, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - A Cipriani
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - J M Davis
- Psychiatric Institute, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - T A Furukawa
- Department of Health Promotion and Human Behavior, Graduate School of Medicine/School of Public Health, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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12
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Davis JM, Janczukowicz J, Stewart J, Quinn B, Feldman CA. Interprofessional education in dental education: An international perspective. Eur J Dent Educ 2018; 22 Suppl 1:10-16. [PMID: 29601678 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Interprofessional collaborative care (IPC) is defined as working within and across healthcare disciplines and is considered essential to achieve a more inclusive, patient-centred care, provide a means to support patient safety and address global healthcare provider shortages. Interprofessional education (IPE) provides the knowledge and experience students need to achieve these goals. ADEE/ADEA held a joint international meeting 8-9 May 2017, with IPE being one of four topic areas discussed. The highly interactive workshop format, where "everyone was an expert," supported discussion, sharing and creative problem-solving of over seventy-one participants from twenty-nine countries. IPE participants broke out into five groups over a two-day period discussing three main areas: challenges and barriers to implementing IPE within their institution or country; discussion of successful models of introducing and assessing IPE initiatives, and exploring best practices and next steps for implementation for each group member. A mind-mapping model was used to graphically display participants' thoughts and suggestions. Key themes, revealed through the visual mind maps and discussion, included the following: IPE should lead to and enhance patient-centred care; student involvement is key to IPE success; faculty development and incentives can facilitate adoption and implementation of IPE; the role of a "champion" and leadership structure and commitment is important to move IPE forward; and IPE must be tailored to the unique issues found in each country. Overall, there was a high level of interest to continue both collaboration and discussion to learn from others beyond the London meeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Davis
- Missouri School of Dentistry and Oral Health, A.T. Still University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - J Janczukowicz
- Centre for Medical Education, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - J Stewart
- American Dental Education Association, Washington, DC, USA
| | - B Quinn
- King's College London Dental Institute, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - C A Feldman
- School of Dental Medicine, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
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13
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Rindlisbacher F, Davis JM, Ramseier CA. Dental students' self-perceived communication skills for patient motivation. Eur J Dent Educ 2017; 21:166-174. [PMID: 26960781 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to evaluate dental students' self-perceived communication skills for patient motivation over the course of their training. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pre-clinical and clinical dental students at the University of Bern School of Dental Medicine were surveyed annually from 2008 to 2011 utilising a written questionnaire. Self-reported data were pooled from all classes per time-point in the curriculum. RESULTS A total of 157 students were surveyed from five classes with an overall response rate of 94.8%. A total of 393 questionnaires were available for analysis. The self-perceived skill-sets for general patient care and patient communication were rated at the end of the first clinical year with mean Visual Analog Scale values of 75.0 ± 1.6 and 75.1 ± 1.5, respectively. During the second clinical year, the self-perceived skills increased in both patient care (82.5 ± 1.2, P = 0.0004) and patient communication (81.4 ± 1.4, P = 0.0034). The students rated their competence higher when providing oral hygiene instructions as opposed to motivating patients to quit tobacco use, modify their diet or employ stress-reduction strategies (P < 0.005). At the end of the pre-clinical year, 74.5% of the students expressed interest in receiving more extensive communication training (P < 0.004). CONCLUSIONS Though dental students in this study demonstrated a steady increase in their level of comfort motivating patients to utilise oral hygiene instructions, they also expressed the desire for more motivational training early in their curriculum. Therefore, these results may indicate the need to enhance communications training in patient motivation on all behavioural aspects early in the dental curriculum.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Rindlisbacher
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - J M Davis
- School of Allied Health, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL, USA
| | - C A Ramseier
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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14
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Coates BM, Staricha KL, Ravindran N, Koch CM, Cheng Y, Davis JM, Shumaker DK, Ridge KM. Inhibition of the NOD-Like Receptor Protein 3 Inflammasome Is Protective in Juvenile Influenza A Virus Infection. Front Immunol 2017; 8:782. [PMID: 28740490 PMCID: PMC5502347 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) is a significant cause of life-threatening lower respiratory tract infections in children. Antiviral therapy is the mainstay of treatment, but its effectiveness in this age group has been questioned. In addition, damage inflicted on the lungs by the immune response to the virus may be as important to the development of severe lung injury during IAV infection as the cytotoxic effects of the virus itself. A crucial step in the immune response to IAV is activation of the NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and the subsequent secretion of the inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-18 (IL-18). The IAV matrix 2 proton channel (M2) has been shown to be an important activator of the NLRP3 inflammasome during IAV infection. We sought to interrupt this ion channel-mediated activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome through inhibition of NLRP3 or the cytokine downstream from its activation, IL-1β. Using our juvenile mouse model of IAV infection, we show that inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome with the small molecule inhibitor, MCC950, beginning 3 days after infection with IAV, improves survival in juvenile mice. Treatment with MCC950 reduces NLRP3 levels in lung homogenates, decreases IL-18 secretion into the alveolar space, and inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation in alveolar macrophages. Importantly, inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome with MCC950 does not impair viral clearance. In contrast, inhibition of IL-1β signaling with the IL-1 receptor antagonist, anakinra, is insufficient to protect juvenile mice from IAV. Our findings suggest that targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome in juvenile IAV infection may improve disease outcomes in this age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bria M Coates
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States.,Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Kelly L Staricha
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Nandini Ravindran
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Clarissa M Koch
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Yuan Cheng
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jennifer M Davis
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Dale K Shumaker
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Karen M Ridge
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
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15
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Ramachandran P, Chan E, Poon M, Tu HTH, Davis JM, Eisen D, Marriott M. Adult food borne botulism in Australia: The only 2 cases from the last 15years. J Clin Neurosci 2017; 41:86-87. [PMID: 28347683 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2017.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prashanth Ramachandran
- Royal Melbourne Hospital, Department of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Eddie Chan
- Royal Melbourne Hospital, Victorian Infectious Diseases Services, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael Poon
- Western Health, Neurology Department, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Hans T H Tu
- Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne Brain Centre @ RMH, Department of Nursing, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jennifer M Davis
- Microbiological Diagnostic Unit Public Health Laboratory (MDU PHL), The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Damon Eisen
- James Cook University, College of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre for Biosecurity and Tropical Infectious Diseases, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Mark Marriott
- Royal Melbourne Hospital, Department of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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16
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Davis JM, Ekman DR, Skelton DM, LaLone CA, Ankley GT, Cavallin JE, Villeneuve DL, Collette TW. Metabolomics for informing adverse outcome pathways: Androgen receptor activation and the pharmaceutical spironolactone. Aquat Toxicol 2017; 184:103-115. [PMID: 28129603 PMCID: PMC6145081 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 01/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
One objective in developing adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) is to connect biological changes that are relevant to risk assessors (i.e., fecundity) to molecular and cellular-level alterations that might be detectable at earlier stages of a chemical exposure. Here, we examined biochemical responses of fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) to inform an AOP relevant to spironolactone's activation of the androgen receptor, as well as explore other biological impacts possibly unrelated to this receptor. Liquid chromatography with high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was used to measure changes in endogenous polar metabolites in livers of male and female fish that were exposed to five water concentrations of spironolactone (0, 0.05, 0.5, 5, or 50μgL-1) for 21days. Metabolite profiles were affected at the two highest concentrations (5 and 50μgL-1), but not in the lower-level exposures, which agreed with earlier reported results of reduced female fecundity and plasma vitellogenin (VTG) levels. We then applied partial least squares regression to assess whether metabolite alterations covaried with changes in fecundity, VTG gene expression and protein concentrations, and plasma 17β-estradiol and testosterone concentrations. Metabolite profiles significantly covaried with all measured endpoints in females, but only with plasma testosterone in males. Fecundity reductions occurred in parallel with changes in metabolites important in osmoregulation (e.g., betaine), membrane transport (e.g., l-carnitine), and biosynthesis of carnitine (e.g., methionine) and VTG (e.g., glutamate). Based on a network analysis program (i.e., mummichog), spironolactone also affected amino acid, tryptophan, and fatty acid metabolism. Thus, by identifying possible key events related to changes in biochemical pathways, this approach built upon an established AOP describing spironolactone's androgenic properties and highlighted broader implications potentially unrelated to androgen receptor activation, which could form a basis for the development of an AOP network.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Davis
- U.S. EPA, National Exposure Research Laboratory, 960 College Station Rd., Athens, GA 30605, USA.
| | - D R Ekman
- U.S. EPA, National Exposure Research Laboratory, 960 College Station Rd., Athens, GA 30605, USA.
| | - D M Skelton
- U.S. EPA, National Exposure Research Laboratory, 960 College Station Rd., Athens, GA 30605, USA
| | - C A LaLone
- U.S. EPA, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - G T Ankley
- U.S. EPA, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - J E Cavallin
- U.S. EPA, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - D L Villeneuve
- U.S. EPA, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - T W Collette
- U.S. EPA, National Exposure Research Laboratory, 960 College Station Rd., Athens, GA 30605, USA
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Finke EH, Davis JM, Benedict M, Goga L, Kelly J, Palumbo L, Peart T, Waters S. Effects of a Least-to-Most Prompting Procedure on Multisymbol Message Production in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder Who Use Augmentative and Alternative Communication. Am J Speech Lang Pathol 2017; 26:81-98. [PMID: 28056153 DOI: 10.1044/2016_ajslp-14-0187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In this study, we investigated the efficacy of a least-to-most (LTM) prompting procedure (Ault & Griffen, 2013; MacDuff, Krantz, & McClannahan, 2001; Neitzel & Wolery, 2009) for increasing use of multisymbol messages in school-age children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) during a storybook reading activity. METHOD In the study, we used a single-subject, multiple-probe research design across participants (Kazdin, 1982) with 6 children (ages 8-12) with ASD and who used AAC systems for communication. There were 4 phases in this investigation: (a) baseline, (b) intervention, (c) generalization, and (d) maintenance. RESULTS All participants exhibited a positive increase in multisymbol message production almost immediately upon introduction of the LTM prompting procedure. CONCLUSIONS The results of the investigation contribute important information on the efficacy of the LTM prompting procedure for teaching use of multisymbol messages to school-age children with ASD who use AAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erinn H Finke
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Pennsylvania State University, University Park
| | - Jennifer M Davis
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Pennsylvania State University, University Park
| | - Morgan Benedict
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Pennsylvania State University, University Park
| | - Lauren Goga
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Pennsylvania State University, University Park
| | - Jennifer Kelly
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Pennsylvania State University, University Park
| | - Lauren Palumbo
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Pennsylvania State University, University Park
| | - Tanika Peart
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Pennsylvania State University, University Park
| | - Samantha Waters
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Pennsylvania State University, University Park
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Bell AF, Carter CS, Davis JM, Golding J, Adejumo O, Pyra M, Connelly JJ, Rubin LH. Childbirth and symptoms of postpartum depression and anxiety: a prospective birth cohort study. Arch Womens Ment Health 2016; 19:219-27. [PMID: 26202722 PMCID: PMC4938632 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-015-0555-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We investigated associations between aspects of childbirth and elevated postpartum symptoms of depression and anxiety. We employed secondary analysis of perinatal data (N = 4657-4946) from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) birth cohort. Multivariable logistic regression models (adjusted for covariates) examined predictors of elevated symptoms of postpartum depression and anxiety. Predictors included the following: type of delivery (normal physiological vs. interventive non-physiological), immediate postpartum complications, and maternal perception of the recent birth experience. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale assessed elevated symptoms of depression (score ≥ 13), and the Crown-Crisp Experiential Index assessed elevated symptoms of anxiety (score ≥ 9) at 2 and 8 months after delivery. A more negative perception of the recent birth experience was associated with elevated symptoms of anxiety at 2 months [odds ratio (OR) 1.52, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.25-1.85] and 8 months (OR 1.30, 95 % CI 1.06-1.60) postpartum but was not associated with elevated symptoms of depression at either time point. Type of delivery (physiological vs. non-physiological) and immediate postpartum complications were not associated with elevated symptoms of depression or anxiety. Our findings suggest that improving women's childbirth experience may decrease the likelihood of postpartum anxiety, but not postpartum depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- A F Bell
- Department of Women Children and Family Health Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 S. Damen Ave, M/C 820, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
| | - C S Carter
- Kinsey Institute and Department of Biology, Morrison Hall 13, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - J M Davis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1601 W. Taylor, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - J Golding
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Health, School of Social & Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
| | - O Adejumo
- Department of Women Children and Family Health Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 S. Damen Ave, M/C 820, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - M Pyra
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 912 S. Wood St., M/C 913, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - J J Connelly
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, 102 Gilmer Hall, PO Box 400400, Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA
| | - L H Rubin
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 912 S. Wood St., M/C 913, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
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Quick VBS, Davis JM, Olincy A, Sikela JM. DUF1220 copy number is associated with schizophrenia risk and severity: implications for understanding autism and schizophrenia as related diseases. Transl Psychiatry 2016; 6:e735. [PMID: 26859817 PMCID: PMC4872429 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2016.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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23
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Davis JM, Finke EH. The Experience of Military Families with Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders During Relocation and Separation. J Autism Dev Disord 2016; 45:2019-34. [PMID: 25604584 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-015-2364-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Military families with a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are underrepresented in the literature. In order to provide appropriate services, research must be done to determine the needs of these families. A qualitative methodology was used to interview military spouses with children with ASD about their experiences with therapeutic services. Overall, results indicate military families with a child with ASD experience challenges associated with both the military lifestyle and having a child with special needs. Due to their membership in two groups prone to support limitations and therapeutic service accessibility issues, military families with a child with ASD may be at additional risk for high levels of stress and difficulty obtaining and maintaining ASD related services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M Davis
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, The Pennsylvania State University, 308 Ford Building, University Park, PA, 16802, USA,
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Davis JM, Finke E, Hickerson B. Service Delivery Experiences and Intervention Needs of Military Families with Children with ASD. J Autism Dev Disord 2016; 46:1748-61. [DOI: 10.1007/s10803-016-2706-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Cranford TL, Enos RT, Velázquez KT, McClellan JL, Davis JM, Singh UP, Nagarkatti M, Nagarkatti PS, Robinson CM, Murphy EA. Role of MCP-1 on inflammatory processes and metabolic dysfunction following high-fat feedings in the FVB/N strain. Int J Obes (Lond) 2015; 40:844-51. [PMID: 26620890 PMCID: PMC4854829 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2015.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background MCP-1 is known to be an important chemokine for macrophage recruitment. Thus, targeting MCP-1 may prevent the perturbations associated with macrophage-induced inflammation in adipose tissue. However, inconsistencies in the available animal literature have questioned the role of this chemokine in this process. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of MCP-1 on obesity-related pathologies. Methods Wild-type (WT) and MCP-1 deficient mice on an FVB/N background were assigned to either low-fat-diet (LFD) or high-fat-diet (HFD) treatment for a period of 16 weeks. Body weight and body composition were measured weekly and monthly, respectively. Fasting blood glucose and insulin, and glucose tolerance were measured at 16 weeks. Macrophages, T cell markers, inflammatory mediators, and markers of fibrosis were examined in the adipose tissue at sacrifice. Results As expected, HFD increased adiposity (body weight, fat mass, fat percent, and adipocyte size), metabolic dysfunction (impaired glucose metabolism and insulin resistance) macrophage number (CD11b+F480+ cells, and gene expression of EMR1 and CD11c), T cell markers (gene expression of CD4 and CD8), inflammatory mediators (pNFκB and pJNK, and mRNA expression of MCP-1, CCL5, CXCL14, TNF-α, and IL-6), and fibrosis (expression of IL-10, IL-13, TGF-β, and MMP2) (P<0.05). However, contrary to our hypothesis, MCP-1 deficiency exacerbated many of these responses resulting in a further increase in adiposity (body weight, fat mass, fat percent and adipocyte size), metabolic dysregulation, macrophage markers (EMR1), inflammatory cell infiltration, and fibrosis (formation of type I and III collagens, mRNA expression of IL-10 and MMP2) (P<0.05). Conclusions These data suggest that MCP-1 may be a necessary component of the inflammatory response required for adipose tissue protection, remodeling, and healthy expansion in the FVB/N strain in response to HFD feedings.
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Affiliation(s)
- T L Cranford
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - R T Enos
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - K T Velázquez
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - J L McClellan
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - J M Davis
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - U P Singh
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - M Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - P S Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - C M Robinson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, West Virginia School of Osteopathic Medicine, Lewisburg, WV, USA
| | - E A Murphy
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
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Searles Quick VB, Davis JM, Olincy A, Sikela JM. DUF1220 copy number is associated with schizophrenia risk and severity: implications for understanding autism and schizophrenia as related diseases. Transl Psychiatry 2015; 5:e697. [PMID: 26670282 PMCID: PMC5068589 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2015.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The copy number of DUF1220, a protein domain implicated in human brain evolution, has been linearly associated with autism severity. Given the possibility that autism and schizophrenia are related disorders, the present study examined DUF1220 copy number variation in schizophrenia severity. There are notable similarities between autism symptoms and schizophrenia negative symptoms, and divergence between autism symptoms and schizophrenia positive symptoms. We therefore also examined DUF1220 copy number in schizophrenia subgroups defined by negative and positive symptom features, versus autistic individuals and controls. In the schizophrenic population (N=609), decreased DUF1220 copy number was linearly associated with increasing positive symptom severity (CON1 P=0.013, HLS1 P=0.0227), an association greatest in adult-onset schizophrenia (CON1 P=0.00155, HLS1 P=0.00361). In schizophrenic males, DUF1220 CON1 subtype copy number increase was associated with increased negative symptom severity (P=0.0327), a finding similar to that seen in autistic populations. Subgroup analyses demonstrated that schizophrenic individuals with predominantly positive symptoms exhibited reduced CON1 copy number compared with both controls (P=0.0237) and schizophrenic individuals with predominantly negative symptoms (P=0.0068). These findings support the view that (1) autism and schizophrenia exhibit both opposing and partially overlapping phenotypes and may represent a disease continuum, (2) variation in DUF1220 copy number contributes to schizophrenia disease risk and to the severity of both disorders, and (3) schizophrenia and autism may be, in part, a harmful by-product of the rapid and extreme evolutionary increase in DUF1220 copy number in the human species.
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Affiliation(s)
- V B Searles Quick
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Human Medical Genetics and Genomics and Medical Scientist Training Programs, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - J M Davis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - A Olincy
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - J M Sikela
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Human Medical Genetics and Genomics and Medical Scientist Training Programs, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Human Medical Genetics and Genomics and Medical Scientist Training Programs, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12801 E. 17th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA. E-mail:
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Davis JM, Searles Quick VB, Sikela JM. Replicated linear association between DUF1220 copy number and severity of social impairment in autism. Hum Genet 2015; 134:569-75. [PMID: 25758905 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-015-1537-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Sequences encoding DUF1220 protein domains exhibit an exceptional human-specific increase in copy number and have been associated with several phenotypes related to brain size. Autism is a highly heritable and heterogeneous condition characterized behaviorally by social and communicative impairments, and increased repetitive and stereotyped behavior. Given the accelerated brain growth pattern observed in many individuals with autism, and the association between DUF1220 subtype CON1 copy number and brain size, we previously investigated associations between CON1 copy number and autism-related symptoms. We determined that CON1 copy number increase is associated with increasing severity of all three behavioral features of autism. The present study sought to replicate these findings in an independent population (N = 166). Our results demonstrate a replication of the linear relationship between CON1 copy number and the severity of social impairment in individuals with autism as measured by Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised Social Diagnostic Score, such that with each additional copy of CON1 Social Diagnostic Score increased 0.24 points (SE = 0.11, p = 0.036). We also identified an analogous trend between CON1 copy number and Communicative Diagnostic Score, but did not replicate the relationship between CON1 copy number and Repetitive Behavior Diagnostic Score. Interestingly, these associations appear to be most pronounced in multiplex children. These results, representing the first replication of a gene dosage relationship with the severity of a primary symptom of autism, lend further support to the possibility that the same protein domain family implicated in the evolutionary expansion of the human brain may also be involved in autism severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Davis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics and Human Medical Genetics and Genomics, Medical Scientist Training and Neuroscience Programs, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
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Ekman DR, Skelton DM, Davis JM, Villeneuve DL, Cavallin JE, Schroeder A, Jensen KM, Ankley GT, Collette TW. Metabolite profiling of fish skin mucus: a novel approach for minimally-invasive environmental exposure monitoring and surveillance. Environ Sci Technol 2015; 49:3091-3100. [PMID: 25607249 DOI: 10.1021/es505054f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The application of 'omics tools to biologically based monitoring and surveillance of aquatic environments shows considerable promise for complementing chemical monitoring in ecological risk assessments. However, few of the current approaches offer the ability to sample ecologically relevant species (e.g., fish) in a way that produces minimal impact on the health of the organism(s) under study. In the current study we employ liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to assess the potential for skin mucus-based metabolomics for minimally invasive sampling of the fathead minnow (FHM; Pimephales promelas). Using this approach we were able to detect 204 distinct metabolites in the FHM skin mucus metabolome representing a large number of metabolite classes. An analysis of the sex specificity of the skin mucus metabolome showed it to be highly sexually dimorphic with 72 of the detected metabolites showing a statistically significant bias with regard to sex. Finally, in a proof-of-concept fashion we report on the use of skin mucus-based metabolomics to assess exposures in male and female fathead minnows to an environmentally relevant concentration of bisphenol A, a nearly ubiquitous environmental contaminant and an established endocrine active chemical.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Ekman
- Ecosystems Research Division, U. S. EPA , 960 College Station Road, Athens, Georgia 30605, United States
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Davis JM, Urriola PE, Shurson GC, Baidoo SK, Johnston LJ. Effects of adding supplemental tallow to diets containing 30% distillers dried grains with solubles on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and pork fat quality in growing-finishing pigs. J Anim Sci 2015; 93:266-77. [PMID: 25568375 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2014-7895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Crossbred pigs (n = 315) were blocked by initial BW (6.8 ± 1.1 kg) and randomly assigned to 1 of 4 dietary treatments to evaluate the effects of dietary inclusion of tallow and corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) on pig growth, carcass traits, and pork fat quality. Diets consisted of a corn-soybean meal control diet (CON) and another 3 corn-soybean meal diets containing 5% tallow (T), 30% DDGS (D), or 5% tallow plus 30% DDGS (TD) in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Diets were formulated to contain similar levels of available P and standardized ileal digestible Lys:ME among treatments. Pigs were housed in 40 pens, with 7 to 8 pigs per pen, to provide 10 replicates per treatment. Overall ADG did not differ among treatments. Compared with CON (2.76 kg/d) and T (2.59 kg/d), feeding 30% DDGS reduced the ADFI (interaction, P > 0.05) of pigs when fed with 5% tallow (2.45 kg/d for TD) but not when fed alone (2.76 kg/d for D). There was no effect of DDGS on overall G:F, but pigs fed diets with tallow had greater (P < 0.01) G:F (0.4) than pigs fed no tallow (0.37). Feeding tallow increased (P < 0.01) HCW, carcass yield, and backfat depth of pigs independent of DDGS. Feeding DDGS reduced (P < 0.01) belly firmness, as measured by belly flop angle, independent of tallow (D = 71.8° and TD = 57.7° vs. CON = 134.0° and T = 113.4°) and tallow also tended to reduce belly firmness (P < 0.10). Feeding DDGS and tallow reduced the concentration of SFA in belly fat, while the concentration of MUFA were increased (P < 0.01) by feeding tallow but not DDGS. Conversely, feeding DDGS increased (P < 0.01) the concentration of PUFA in belly fat but there was no effect of tallow. An interaction (P = 0.03) between DDGS and tallow for iodine value (IV) of belly fat was observed, in which addition of tallow or DDGS increased the IV of belly fat (64.22 for T and 71.22 for D vs. 59.01 for CON) but addition of both reduced IV (67.88 for TD). The IV of belly fat and backfat were correlated (P < 0.01) with the IV product of the diet fed in phase 3 (r = 0.49 and r = 0.81, respectively). In conclusion, adding 5% tallow to 30% DDGS diets improved G:F and carcass yield while reducing the IV of belly fat. However, pork fat firmness as measured by belly flop angle was not improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Davis
- Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55018
| | - P E Urriola
- Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55018
| | - G C Shurson
- Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55018
| | - S K Baidoo
- Southern Research and Outreach Center, University of Minnesota, Waseca 56093
| | - L J Johnston
- West Central Research and Outreach Center, University of Minnesota, Morris 56267
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Davis JM, Urriola PE, Baidoo SK, Johnston LJ, Shurson GC. Effects of adding supplemental tallow to diets containing distillers dried grains with solubles on fatty acid digestibility in growing pigs. J Anim Sci 2015; 93:258-65. [PMID: 25568374 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2014-7894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023] Open
Abstract
An experiment was conducted to measure the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of fatty acids in diets containing 0 or 30% corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) and 0, 5, or 10% tallow. Barrows (n = 24; initial BW = 25 kg) were surgically fitted with a T-cannula at the distal ileum. Pigs (n = 4/diet) were randomly assigned to diets: corn-soybean meal control (CON), CON plus 5% tallow (5T0D), CON plus 10% tallow (10T0D), CON plus 30% DDGS (0T30D), CON plus 5% tallow and 30% DDGS (5T30D), and CON plus 10% tallow and 30% DDGS (10T30D). Eight replicates per treatment were achieved by randomizing diets among pigs for a second collection period. Each pig was fed their respective diet for a 5-d adaptation period followed by 3-d fecal collection and 2-d ileal digesta collection periods. The AID and ATTD of fatty acids was calculated using the index method and acid-insoluble ash as an indigestible marker. When tallow was added to diets with 0% DDGS, there was no effect on AID of palmitic acid (C16:0) or SFA, while AID of stearic acid (C18:0) was increased (66.87% for CON, 72.06% for 5T0D, and 76.81% for 10T0D; P < 0.01). However, when diets contained 30% DDGS, the AID of all SFA was reduced as levels of tallow increased C16:0 (77.62% for 0T30D, 69.66% for 5T30D, and 68.43% for 10T30D), C18:0 (85.87% for 0T30D, 64.08% for 5T30D, and 61.25% for 10T30D), and SFA (79.88% for 0T30D, 68.23% for 5T30D, and 66.29% for 10T30D). The AID of MUFA was not affected when tallow was added to diets with 30% DDGS but actually increased in 5T0D and 10T0D. The amount of apparent ileal digested fatty acids increased with the addition of DDGS and tallow regardless of their digestibility. Amounts of ileal digested MUFA and PUFA increased when both DDGS (P < 0.01) and tallow (P < 0.01) were included in the diet compared to when either ingredient was excluded. For ileal digestible SFA, an interaction (P < 0.01) between DDGS and tallow was observed. Interactions between DDGS and tallow were observed for ATTD of all fatty acids (P < 0.01), except for linoleic acid and PUFA, which were not affected by dietary treatment. The amount of ileal digestible PUFA increased with tallow addition independent from the inclusion level of DDGS and it was a function the dietary concentration of the fatty acid. Adding tallow to corn-soybean based diets increased the amount of digested SFA, but in diets with DDGS, the increment in amount of ileal digestible SFA was less prominent due to lesser digestibility of SFA.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Davis
- Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55018
| | - P E Urriola
- Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55018
| | - S K Baidoo
- Southern Research and Outreach Center, University of Minnesota, Waseca 56093
| | - L J Johnston
- West Central Research and Outreach Center, University of Minnesota, Morris 56267
| | - G C Shurson
- Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55018
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Keeney JG, O'Bleness MS, Anderson N, Davis JM, Arevalo N, Busquet N, Chick W, Rozman J, Hölter SM, Garrett L, Horsch M, Beckers J, Wurst W, Klingenspor M, Restrepo D, de Angelis MH, Sikela JM. Generation of mice lacking DUF1220 protein domains: effects on fecundity and hyperactivity. Mamm Genome 2014; 26:33-42. [PMID: 25308000 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-014-9545-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Sequences encoding DUF1220 protein domains show the most extreme human lineage-specific copy number increase of any coding region in the genome and have been linked to human brain evolution. In addition, DUF1220 copy number (dosage) has been implicated in influencing brain size within the human species, both in normal populations and in individuals associated with brain size pathologies (1q21-associated microcephaly and macrocephaly). More recently, increasing dosage of a subtype of DUF1220 has been linked with increasing severity of the primary symptoms of autism. Despite these intriguing associations, a function for these domains has not been described. As a first step in addressing this question, we have developed the first transgenic model of DUF1220 function by removing the single DUF1220 domain (the ancestral form) encoded in the mouse genome. In a hypothesis generating exercise, these mice were evaluated by 197 different phenotype measurements. While resulting DUF1220-minus (KO) mice show no obvious anatomical peculiarities, they exhibit a significantly reduced fecundity (χ(2) = 19.1, df = 2, p = 7.0 × 10(-5)). Further extensive phenotypic analyses suggest hyperactivity (p < 0.05) of DUF1220 mice and changes in gene expression levels of brain associated with distinct neurological functions and disease. Other changes that met statistical significance include an increase in plasma glucose concentration (as measured by area under the curve, AUC 0-30 and AUC 30-120) in male mutants, fasting glucose levels, reduce sodium levels in male mutants, increased levels of the liver functional indicator ALAT/GPT in males, levels of alkaline phosphatase (also an indicator of liver function), mean R and SR amplitude by electrocardiography, elevated IgG3 levels, a reduced ratio of CD4:CD8 cells, and a reduced frequency of T cells; though it should be noted that many of these differences are quite small and require further examination. The linking of DUF1220 loss to a hyperactive phenotype is consistent with separate findings in which DUF1220 over expression results in a down-regulation of mitochondrial function, and potentially suggests a role in developmental metabolism. Finally, the substantially reduced fecundity we observe associated with KO mice argues that the ancestral DUF1220 domain provides an important biological functionthat is critical to survivability and reproductive success.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Keeney
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics and Human Medical Genetics and Neuroscience Programs, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
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Geraghty RJ, Capes-Davis A, Davis JM, Downward J, Freshney RI, Knezevic I, Lovell-Badge R, Masters JRW, Meredith J, Stacey GN, Thraves P, Vias M. Guidelines for the use of cell lines in biomedical research. Br J Cancer 2014; 111:1021-46. [PMID: 25117809 PMCID: PMC4453835 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-line misidentification and contamination with microorganisms, such as mycoplasma, together with instability, both genetic and phenotypic, are among the problems that continue to affect cell culture. Many of these problems are avoidable with the necessary foresight, and these Guidelines have been prepared to provide those new to the field and others engaged in teaching and instruction with the information necessary to increase their awareness of the problems and to enable them to deal with them effectively. The Guidelines cover areas such as development, acquisition, authentication, cryopreservation, transfer of cell lines between laboratories, microbial contamination, characterisation, instability and misidentification. Advice is also given on complying with current legal and ethical requirements when deriving cell lines from human and animal tissues, the selection and maintenance of equipment and how to deal with problems that may arise.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Geraghty
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge
Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way,
Cambridge
CB2 0RE, UK
| | - A Capes-Davis
- CellBank Australia, Children's
Medical Research Institute, Locked Bag 23,
Wentworthville, New South Wales
2145, Australia
| | - J M Davis
- School of Life and Medical Sciences,
University of Hertfordshire, College Lane, Hatfield,
Hertfordshire
AL10 9AB, UK
| | - J Downward
- Cancer Research UK, London Research
Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London
WC2A 3LY, UK
| | - R I Freshney
- Institute for Cancer Sciences,
University of Glasgow, 24 Greenwood Drive, Bearsden,
Glasgow
G61 2HA, UK
| | - I Knezevic
- Department of Essential Medicines and
Health Products, Quality, Safety and Standards Team, World Health
Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211
Geneva 27, Switzerland
| | - R Lovell-Badge
- MRC National Institute for Medical
Research, The Ridgeway, Mill Hill, London
NW7 1AA, UK
| | - J R W Masters
- University College London, 67 Riding
House Street, London
W1W 7EJ, UK
| | - J Meredith
- Cancer Research UK, Angel Building,
407 St John Street, London
EC1V 4AD, UK
| | - G N Stacey
- National Institute for Biological
Standards and Control, A Centre of the Medicines and Healthcare Products
Regulatory Agency, Blanche Lane, South Mimms, Herts
EN6 3QG, UK
| | - P Thraves
- Culture Collections, Public Health
England, Porton Down, Salisbury
SP4 0JG, UK
| | - M Vias
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge
Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way,
Cambridge
CB2 0RE, UK
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Davis JM, Sandgren AJ, Manley AR, Daleo MA, Smith SS. Optimizing Clinical Trial Enrollment Methods Through "Goal Programming". Appl Clin Trials 2014; 23:46-50. [PMID: 25642125 PMCID: PMC4310466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Clinical trials often fail to reach desired goals due to poor recruitment outcomes, including low participant turnout, high recruitment cost, or poor representation of minorities. At present, there is limited literature available to guide recruitment methodology. This study, conducted by researchers at the University of Wisconsin Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention (UW-CTRI), provides an example of how iterative analysis of recruitment data may be used to optimize recruitment outcomes during ongoing recruitment. STUDY METHODOLOGY UW-CTRI's research team provided a description of methods used to recruit smokers in two randomized trials (n = 196 and n = 175). The trials targeted low socioeconomic status (SES) smokers and involved time-intensive smoking cessation interventions. Primary recruitment goals were to meet required sample size and provide representative diversity while working with limited funds and limited time. Recruitment data was analyzed repeatedly throughout each study to optimize recruitment outcomes. RESULTS Estimates of recruitment outcomes based on prior studies on smoking cessation suggested that researchers would be able to recruit 240 low SES smokers within 30 months at a cost of $72,000. With employment of methods described herein, researchers were able to recruit 374 low SES smokers over 30 months at a cost of $36,260. DISCUSSION Each human subjects study presents unique recruitment challenges with time and cost of recruitment dependent on the sample population and study methodology. Nonetheless, researchers may be able to improve recruitment outcomes though iterative analysis of recruitment data and optimization of recruitment methods throughout the recruitment period.
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Corsi KF, Dvoryak S, Garver-Apgar C, Davis JM, Brewster JT, Lisovska O, Booth RE. Gender differences between predictors of HIV status among PWID in Ukraine. Drug Alcohol Depend 2014; 138:103-8. [PMID: 24613219 PMCID: PMC4002293 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Revised: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The HIV epidemic in Ukraine is among the largest in Europe. While traditionally the epidemic has spread through injection risk behavior, sexual transmission is becoming more common. Previous research has found that women in Ukraine have higher rates of HIV and engage in more HIV risk behavior than men. This study extended that work by identifying risk factors that differentially predict men and women's HIV status among people who inject drugs (PWID) in Ukraine. METHODS From July 2010 to July 2013, 2480 sexually active PWID with unknown HIV status were recruited from three cities in Ukraine through street outreach. The average age was 31 years old. RESULTS Women, who made up twenty-eight percent of the sample, had higher safe sex self-efficacy (p<.01) and HIV knowledge (p<.001) than men, but scored higher on both the risky injection (p<.001) and risky sex (p<.001) composite scores than men. Risky sex behaviors were associated with women's HIV status more than men's. We also report results identifying predictors of risky injection and sex behaviors. CONCLUSIONS Gender-specific interventions could address problem of HIV risk among women who inject drugs in a country with a growing HIV epidemic. Our findings suggest specific ways in which intervention efforts might focus on groups and individuals who are at the highest risk of contracting HIV (or who are already HIV positive) to halt the spread of HIV in Ukraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- K F Corsi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, CO, United States.
| | - S Dvoryak
- Ukrainian Institute on Public Health Policy, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - C Garver-Apgar
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, CO, United States
| | - J M Davis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, CO, United States
| | - J T Brewster
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, CO, United States
| | - O Lisovska
- Ukrainian Institute on Public Health Policy, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - R E Booth
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, CO, United States
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Guidotti A, Auta J, Davis JM, Dong E, Gavin DP, Grayson DR, Sharma RP, Smith RC, Tueting P, Zhubi A. Toward the identification of peripheral epigenetic biomarkers of schizophrenia. J Neurogenet 2014; 28:41-52. [PMID: 24702539 DOI: 10.3109/01677063.2014.892485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SZ) is a heritable, nonmendelian, neurodevelopmental disorder in which epigenetic dysregulation of the brain genome plays a fundamental role in mediating the clinical manifestations and course of the disease. The authors recently reported that two enzymes that belong to the dynamic DNA methylation/demethylation network-DNMT (DNA methyltransferase) and TET (ten-eleven translocase; 5-hydroxycytosine translocator)-are abnormally increased in corticolimbic structures of SZ postmortem brain, suggesting a causal relationship between clinical manifestations of SZ and changes in DNA methylation and in the expression of SZ candidate genes (e.g., brain-derived neurotrophic factor [BDNF], glucocorticoid receptor [GCR], glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 [GAD67], reelin). Because the clinical manifestations of SZ typically begin with a prodrome followed by a first episode in adolescence with subsequent deterioration, it is obvious that the natural history of this disease cannot be studied only in postmortem brain. Hence, the focus is currently shifting towards the feasibility of studying epigenetic molecular signatures of SZ in blood cells. Initial studies show a significant enrichment of epigenetic changes in lymphocytes in gene networks directly relevant to psychiatric disorders. Furthermore, the expression of DNA-methylating/demethylating enzymes and SZ candidate genes such as BDNF and GCR are altered in the same direction in both brain and blood lymphocytes. The coincidence of these changes in lymphocytes and brain supports the hypothesis that common environmental or genetic risk factors are operative in altering the epigenetic components involved in orchestrating transcription of specific genes in brain and peripheral tissues. The identification of DNA methylation signatures for SZ in peripheral blood cells of subjects with genetic and clinical high risk would clearly have potential for the diagnosis of SZ early in its course and would be invaluable for initiating early intervention and individualized treatment plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Guidotti
- Psychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Illinois , Chicago, Chicago, Illinois , USA
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Steiner JL, Davis JM, McClellan JL, Guglielmotti A, Murphy EA. Effects of the MCP-1 synthesis inhibitor bindarit on tumorigenesis and inflammatory markers in the C3(1)/SV40Tag mouse model of breast cancer. Cytokine 2014; 66:60-8. [PMID: 24548426 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2013.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Revised: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer, the most deadly cancer in women, is characterized by elevated levels of inflammation within and surrounding the tumor, which can lead to accelerated growth, invasion and metastasis. Macrophages are central to the inflammatory milieu and are recruited to the tumor microenvironment by several factors including monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). Using the anti-inflammatory molecule bindarit to target MCP-1, we investigated the role of this chemokine on macrophage related inflammation and mammary tumorigenesis in a transgenic mouse model of breast cancer. C3(1)/SV40Tag mice and wild type FVB/N were randomized to either control or 0.5% bindarit diet from 4 to 21weeks of age. Tumor number and volume were recorded over time and at sacrifice. Macrophage markers as well as inflammatory meditators were examined in the tumor tissue and mammary glands. Circulating MCP-1 and IL-6 were measured by ELISA. Bindarit treatment reduced tumor number (P<0.05), but did not affect tumor size, tumor weight or tumor latency in C3(1)/SV40Tag mice. Within the tumor, mRNA expression of bindarit's primary targets, MCP-1 and IL-12/p35, were significantly decreased by bindarit treatment (P<0.05), and this was consistent with trends for reduced expression of TNF-α, IL-6, F4/80, CD206, and IL-10. In mammary tissue, expression of MCP-1, TNF-α, IL-6, F4/80, IL-10 and IL-12/p35 was significantly elevated in C3(1)/SV40Tag mice compared to wild type FVB/N mice, but IL-6 was the only marker decreased by bindarit treatment (P<0.05). Plasma MCP-1 was highly correlated with tumor volume (P<0.05); however, it was not affected by bindarit at 21weeks of age. Similarly, circulating IL-6 was increased in C3(1)/SV40Tag mice but there was no effect of bindarit treatment. These results show that tumor multiplicity in the C3(1)/SV40Tag mouse model of breast cancer is reduced by bindarit, however these effects are independent of changes in plasma levels of MCP-1 and IL-6, but may be related to the attenuated expression of MCP-1 along with several inflammatory mediators and macrophage markers within the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Steiner
- Department of Pathology Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine at South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29209, United States; Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - J M Davis
- Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - J L McClellan
- Department of Pathology Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine at South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29209, United States; Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | | | - E A Murphy
- Department of Pathology Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine at South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29209, United States.
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Davis JM, Collette TW, Villeneuve DL, Cavallin JE, Teng Q, Jensen KM, Kahl MD, Mayasich JM, Ankley GT, Ekman DR. Field-based approach for assessing the impact of treated pulp and paper mill effluent on endogenous metabolites of fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas). Environ Sci Technol 2013; 47:10628-10636. [PMID: 23919260 DOI: 10.1021/es401961j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A field-based metabolomic study was conducted during a shutdown of a pulp and paper mill (PPM) to assess the impacts of treated PPM effluent on endogenous polar metabolites in fathead minnow (FHM; Pimephales promelas) livers. Caged male and female FHMs were deployed at a Great Lakes area of concern during multiple periods (pre-, during, and post-shutdown) near the outflow for a wastewater treatment plant. Influent to this plant is typically 40% PPM effluent by volume. Additional FHMs were exposed to reference lake water under laboratory conditions. A bioassay using T47D-KBluc cells showed that estrogenic activity of receiving water near the outflow declined by 46% during the shutdown. We then used (1)H NMR spectroscopy and principal component analysis to profile abundances of hepatic endogenous metabolites for FHMs. Profiles for males deployed pre-shutdown in receiving water were significantly different from those for laboratory-control males. Profiles were not significantly different for males deployed during the shutdown, but they were significant again for those deployed post-shutdown. Impacts of treated effluent from this PPM were sex-specific, as differences among profiles of females were largely nonsignificant. Thus, we demonstrate the potential utility of field-based metabolomics for performing biologically based exposure monitoring and evaluating remediation efforts occurring throughout the Great Lakes and other ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Davis
- National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency , 960 College Station Road, Athens, Georgia 30605, United States
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Leucht S, Rothe P, Davis JM, Engel RR. Equipercentile linking of the BPRS and the PANSS. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2013; 23:956-9. [PMID: 23433639 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2012.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2012] [Revised: 11/06/2012] [Accepted: 11/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) are the most frequently used scales to rate the symptoms of schizophrenia. There are many situations in which it is important to know what a given total score or a percent reduction from baseline score of one scale means in terms of the other scale. We used the equipercentile linking method to identify corresponding scores of simultaneous BPRS and PANSS ratings in 3767 patients from antipsychotic drug trials. Data were collected at baseline and at weeks 1, 2, 4 and 6. BPRS total scores of 18, 30, 40 and 50 roughly corresponded to PANSS total scores of 31, 55, 73 and 90, respectively. An absolute BPRS improvement of 10, 20, 30, 40 points corresponded to a PANSS improvement of 15, 32, 50, and 67. A percentage improvement of the BPRS total score from baseline of 19%, 30%, 40% and 50% roughly corresponded to percentage PANSS improvement of 16%, 25%, 35%, and 44%. Thus a given PANSS percent improvement was always lower than the corresponding BPRS percent improvement, on the average by 4-5%. A reason may be the higher number of items used in the PANSS. These results are important for the comparison of trials that used these rating scales. We present a detailed conversion table in an online supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Leucht
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität München, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Muenchen, Germany.
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Alemany JA, Delgado-Díaz DC, Mathews H, Davis JM, Kostek MC. Comparison of acute responses to isotonic or isokinetic eccentric muscle action: differential outcomes in skeletal muscle damage and implications for rehabilitation. Int J Sports Med 2013; 35:1-7. [PMID: 23780898 DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1327652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Both isotonic and isokinetic eccentric muscle contractions are commonly used in muscle research laboratories to induce muscle damage, yet, the muscle damage outcomes between these 2 modes of eccentric contraction have not been compared. The purpose of this study was to compare modes of contraction for differences in muscle damage. 16 men were placed in the isotonic (IT: 110% of maximal isometric torque) or the isokinetic (IK: 120°/s) group, with each group performing 200 eccentric muscle actions of the knee extensors. Isometric peak torque, perceived soreness and CK activity were measured immediately pre and post exercise, and 48-h post exercise. Mean total work (~1700 J) and peak torque per set (~265 Nm) decreased over the 200 repetitions (p<0.01), and was not different between groups. Damage markers changed 48-h post exercise (p<0.05): peak isometric torque (-13%), creatine kinase activity (+200%) and self-perceived muscular soreness (+4 unit change). Significant group×time interactions (p<0.01) indicated that peak isometric torque was 22% lower, and creatine kinase and self-perceived muscular soreness were 330% and 3 unit difference higher in the IT as compared to the IK groups, 48-h post exercise. When equating for total work, skeletal muscle damage markers are higher during IT vs. IK modes. This reflects differences inherent in contraction type and suggests that this should be taken into account during physical rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Alemany
- Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, United States
| | - D C Delgado-Díaz
- Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, United States
| | - H Mathews
- Doctoral Program in Physical Therapy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, United States
| | - J M Davis
- Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, United States
| | - M C Kostek
- Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, United States
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Davis JM, Hyjek E, Husain AN, Shen L, Jones J, Schuger LA. Lymphatic endothelial differentiation in pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis cells. J Histochem Cytochem 2013; 61:580-90. [PMID: 23609227 DOI: 10.1369/0022155413489311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare, low-grade neoplasm affecting almost exclusively women of childbearing age. LAM belongs to the family of perivascular epithelioid cell tumors, characterized by spindle and epithelioid cells with smooth muscle and melanocytic differentiation. LAM cells infiltrate the lungs, producing multiple, bilateral lesions rich in lymphatic channels and forming cysts, leading to respiratory insufficiency. Here we used antibodies against four lymphatic endothelial markers-podoplanin (detected by D2-40), prospero homeobox 1 (PROX1), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR-3), and lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor 1 (LYVE1)-to determine whether LAM cells show lymphatic differentiation. Twelve of 12 diagnostic biopsy specimens (early-stage LAM) and 19 of 19 explants (late-stage LAM) showed immunopositivity for D2-40 in most neoplastic cells. PROX1, VEGFR-3, and LYVE1 immunoreactivity varied from scarce in the early stage to abundant in the late stage. Lymphatic endothelial, smooth muscle, and melanocytic markers were partially co-localized. These findings indicate that lymphatic endothelial differentiation is a feature of LAM and provide evidence of a previously unidentified third lineage of differentiation in this neoplasm. This study has implications for the histological diagnosis of LAM, the origin of the neoplastic cells, and potential future treatment with drugs targeting lymphangiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M Davis
- Department of Pathology, Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
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Sullivan DR, Liu X, Corwin DS, Verceles AC, McCurdy MT, Pate DA, Davis JM, Netzer G. Learned helplessness among families and surrogate decision-makers of patients admitted to medical, surgical, and trauma ICUs. Chest 2013; 142:1440-1446. [PMID: 22661454 DOI: 10.1378/chest.12-0112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We sought to determine the prevalence of and clinical variables associated with learned helplessness, a psychologic state characterized by reduced motivation, difficulty in determining causality, and depression, in family members of patients admitted to ICUs. METHODS We conducted an observational survey study of a prospectively defined cohort of family members, spouses, and partners of patients admitted to surgical, medical, and trauma ICUs at a large academic medical center. Two validated instruments, the Learned Helplessness Scale and the Perceived Stress Scale, were used, and self-report of patient clinical characteristics and subject demographics were collected. RESULTS Four hundred ninety-nine family members were assessed. Of these, 238 of 460 (51.7%) had responses consistent with a significant degree of learned helplessness. Among surrogate decision-makers, this proportion was 50% (92 of 184). Characteristics associated with significant learned helplessness included grade or high school education (OR, 3.27; 95% CI, 1.29-8.27; P = .01) and Perceived Stress Scale score > 18 (OR, 4.15; 95% CI, 2.65-6.50; P < .001). The presence of a patient advance directive or do not resuscitate (DNR) order was associated with reduced odds of significant learned helplessness (OR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.32-0.98; P = .05). CONCLUSIONS The majority of family members of patients in the ICU experience significant learned helplessness. Risk factors for learned helplessness include lower educational levels, absence of an advance directive or DNR order, and higher stress levels among family members. Significant learned helplessness in family members may have negative implications in the collaborative decision-making process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald R Sullivan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Xinggang Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Douglas S Corwin
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Avelino C Verceles
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Michael T McCurdy
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Drew A Pate
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jennifer M Davis
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Giora Netzer
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
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Mahoney SE, Davis JM, Murphy EA, McClellan JL, Gordon B, Pena MM. Effects of 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy on fatigue: role of MCP-1. Brain Behav Immun 2013; 27:155-61. [PMID: 23085145 PMCID: PMC3711245 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2012.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2012] [Revised: 09/29/2012] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy has been known to cause severe side effects, including fatigue. While the mechanisms for chemotherapy induced fatigue (CIF) are likely to be multi-factorial in origin, it is thought that inflammation and anemia may play a role. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of chemotherapy on fatigue in mice, and further, to begin to determine if inflammation and anemia may contribute to this response. For experiment 1, C57BL/6 mice were assigned to: vehicle (PBS), low (20 mg/kg), medium (40 mg/kg), or high (60 mg/kg) doses of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Voluntary physical activity (PA) was measured throughout the treatment period (day 1-5) as well as during the recovery period (day 6-14). In experiment 2, we examined the effects of 5-FU (60 mg/kg) on the inflammatory mediator MCP-1 and on markers of anemia (RBC, Hct and Hb). Finally, using MCP-1(-/-) mice we examined the role of MCP-1 on CIF (experiment 3). 5-FU reduced voluntary PA in a dose response manner (p<0.05). Plasma MCP-1 was increased following 5-FU treatment on both days 5 (p=0.10) and 14 (p<0.05). In addition, RBCs, Hct and Hb were reduced with 5-FU on days 5 and 14 (p<0.05). Both C57BL/6 and MCP-1(-/-) mice saw similar decrements in PA through the duration of the treatment period (days 1-5), however the MCP-1(-/-) mice recovered much earlier than wildtype mice. This study provides evidence of the dose response effect of a standard chemotherapy agent on fatigue and demonstrates a potential role of MCP-1 and presumably inflammation, and anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Mahoney
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, Kingsville, TX 78363, USA.
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Abstract
Chlorpromazine initiated effective pharmacotherapy for schizophrenia 60 years ago. This discovery initiated or stimulated key developments in the field of psychiatry. Nonetheless, advances in pharmacotherapy of schizophrenia have been modest. Psychosis remains the primary aspect of psychopathology addressed, and core pathologies such as cognition and negative symptom remain unmet therapeutic challenges. New clinical and basic neuroscience paradigms may guide the near future and provide a more heuristic construct for novel and innovative discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- W T Carpenter
- Department of Psychiatry, Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Ramseier CA, Burri M, Berres F, Davis JM. The implementation of a tobacco dependence education curriculum in a Swiss Dental Hygiene School - an 8-year review. Int J Dent Hyg 2012; 11:142-50. [PMID: 23057468 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of our investigation was to review the implementation of a comprehensive tobacco dependence education (TDE) curriculum at the Medi School of Dental Hygiene (MSDH), Bern, Switzerland, 2001-2008. METHODS In 2001, new forms to record patients' tobacco use history and willingness to quit were created for all the MSDH patients. In 2002, a new theoretically based tobacco dependence treatment protocol was implemented into the MSDH curriculum. Students received instruction on how to provide brief tobacco use dependence interventions as well as maintain detailed records of patient tobacco use and cessation interventions for every smoker at all dental hygiene visits. RESULTS In 2002, 17 lecture hours were added to the following subjects: pathology, periodontology, preventive dentistry, pharmacology and psychology. During the same time period, 2213 patients (56.9% women) have visited the MSDH. Smoking status was recorded in 85.7% of all the patients (30.2% smokers). Brief tobacco use interventions were recorded in 36.8% of all smokers while 7.6% of these have reported to quit smoking. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the new TDE curriculum was successfully implemented and accepted by the MSDH faculty. Applications in the clinical practice, however, may still be improved to better identify smokers and increase initial and follow-up interventions potentially leading to higher quit rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Ramseier
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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Abstract
We examined the possible negative interaction of the combined use of the NSAID indomethacin (IND) and exercise in mice. Mice were assigned to one of 4 groups: Exercise 2.5 mg/kg IND (Ex-2.5), Sedentary 2.5 mg/kg IND (Sed-2.5), Exercise 5.0 mg/kg IND (Ex-5.0) and Sedentary 5.0 mg/kg IND (Sed-5.0). Mice were given IND (gavage) 1 h prior to exercise (treadmill run at 30 m/min, 8% grade for 90 min) or rest for 14 consecutive days. Run times, body weight and mortality were recorded daily. Sed-5.0 was highly toxic and caused 70% mortality compared to Sed-2.5, which was well tolerated (0% mortality) (P<0.05). While the addition of exercise had no greater effect on mortality in Ex-5.0, it increased it in the 2.5 group (52% vs. 0%; P<0.05). Run time was reduced from baseline beginning on day 2 (Ex-5.0), or day 3 (Ex-2.5) (P<0.05). Body weight (recorded in the 2.5 mg/kg groups only) was decreased from baseline in Ex-2.5 and Sed-2.5 (P<0.05), but this effect occurred earlier and was of greater magnitude in Ex-2.5. Exercise combined with IND use can lead to serious side effects in mice. Future research is needed to test the hypothesis that this effect is due to increased GI permeability and whether humans are also at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- R T Enos
- Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
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Abstract
Polymeric materials have been suggested as possible environmental sources of persistent organic pollutants such as flame retardants. In situ, micrometre-scale characterization techniques for polymer matrix containing flame retardants may provide some insight into the dominant environmental transfer mechanism(s) of these brominated compounds. In this work, we demonstrate that micro X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (μXRF), focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) combined with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) are promising techniques for the elemental and chemical identification of brominated fire retardant compounds (such as the deca-congener of polybrominated diphenyl ether, BDE-209) within polymeric materials (e.g. high-impact polystyrene or HIPS). Data from μXRF demonstrated that bromine (Br) inclusions were evenly distributed throughout the HIPS samples, whereas FIB SEM-EDS analysis revealed that small antimony (Sb) and Br inclusions are present, and regionally higher concentrations of Br surround the Sb inclusions (compared to the bulk material). Four prominent mass-to-charge ratio peaks (m/z 485, 487, 489 and 491) that correspond to BDE-209 were identified by ToF-SIMS and can be used to chemically distinguish this molecule on the surface of polymeric materials with respect to other brominated organic molecules. These techniques can be important in any study that investigates the route of entry to the environmental surroundings of BDE-containing materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- R D Holbrook
- Surface and Microanalysis Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA.
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Resende MFR, Muñoz P, Acosta JJ, Peter GF, Davis JM, Grattapaglia D, Resende MDV, Kirst M. Accelerating the domestication of trees using genomic selection: accuracy of prediction models across ages and environments. New Phytol 2012; 193:1099. [PMID: 21973055 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.04048.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
• Genomic selection is increasingly considered vital to accelerate genetic improvement. However, it is unknown how accurate genomic selection prediction models remain when used across environments and ages. This knowledge is critical for breeders to apply this strategy in genetic improvement. • Here, we evaluated the utility of genomic selection in a Pinus taeda population of c. 800 individuals clonally replicated and grown on four sites, and genotyped for 4825 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Prediction models were estimated for diameter and height at multiple ages using genomic random regression best linear unbiased predictor (BLUP). • Accuracies of prediction models ranged from 0.65 to 0.75 for diameter, and 0.63 to 0.74 for height. The selection efficiency per unit time was estimated as 53-112% higher using genomic selection compared with phenotypic selection, assuming a reduction of 50% in the breeding cycle. Accuracies remained high across environments as long as they were used within the same breeding zone. However, models generated at early ages did not perform well to predict phenotypes at age 6 yr. • These results demonstrate the feasibility and remarkable gain that can be achieved by incorporating genomic selection in breeding programs, as long as models are used at the relevant selection age and within the breeding zone in which they were estimated.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F R Resende
- Genetics and Genomics Graduate Program, University of Florida, PO Box 103610, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, PO Box 110410, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - P Muñoz
- Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Florida, PO Box 110690, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, PO Box 110410, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - J J Acosta
- School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, PO Box 110410, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - G F Peter
- School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, PO Box 110410, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- University of Florida Genetics Institute, University of Florida, PO Box 103610, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - J M Davis
- School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, PO Box 110410, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- University of Florida Genetics Institute, University of Florida, PO Box 103610, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - D Grattapaglia
- Plant Genetics Laboratory, Embrapa - Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Parque Estação Biológica, Brasília, DF 70770-970, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology, Universidade Católica de Brasília-SGAN 916 modulo B, Brasília, DF 70790-160, Brazil
| | - M D V Resende
- EMBRAPA Forestry, Estrada da Ribeira, km 111 Caixa Postal 319, Colombo, PR 83411-000 Brazil
- Department of Forest Engineering, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36571-000 Brazil
| | - M Kirst
- School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, PO Box 110410, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- University of Florida Genetics Institute, University of Florida, PO Box 103610, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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Resende MFR, Muñoz P, Acosta JJ, Peter GF, Davis JM, Grattapaglia D, Resende MDV, Kirst M. Accelerating the domestication of trees using genomic selection: accuracy of prediction models across ages and environments. New Phytol 2012; 193:617-624. [PMID: 21973055 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03895.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
• Genomic selection is increasingly considered vital to accelerate genetic improvement. However, it is unknown how accurate genomic selection prediction models remain when used across environments and ages. This knowledge is critical for breeders to apply this strategy in genetic improvement. • Here, we evaluated the utility of genomic selection in a Pinus taeda population of c. 800 individuals clonally replicated and grown on four sites, and genotyped for 4825 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Prediction models were estimated for diameter and height at multiple ages using genomic random regression best linear unbiased predictor (BLUP). • Accuracies of prediction models ranged from 0.65 to 0.75 for diameter, and 0.63 to 0.74 for height. The selection efficiency per unit time was estimated as 53-112% higher using genomic selection compared with phenotypic selection, assuming a reduction of 50% in the breeding cycle. Accuracies remained high across environments as long as they were used within the same breeding zone. However, models generated at early ages did not perform well to predict phenotypes at age 6 yr. • These results demonstrate the feasibility and remarkable gain that can be achieved by incorporating genomic selection in breeding programs, as long as models are used at the relevant selection age and within the breeding zone in which they were estimated.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F R Resende
- Genetics and Genomics Graduate Program, University of Florida, PO Box 103610, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, PO Box 110410, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - P Muñoz
- Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Florida, PO Box 110690, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, PO Box 110410, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - J J Acosta
- School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, PO Box 110410, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - G F Peter
- School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, PO Box 110410, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- University of Florida Genetics Institute, University of Florida, PO Box 103610, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - J M Davis
- School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, PO Box 110410, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- University of Florida Genetics Institute, University of Florida, PO Box 103610, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - D Grattapaglia
- Plant Genetics Laboratory, Embrapa - Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Parque Estação Biológica, Brasília, DF 70770-970, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology, Universidade Católica de Brasília-SGAN 916 modulo B, Brasília, DF 70790-160, Brazil
| | - M D V Resende
- EMBRAPA Forestry, Estrada da Ribeira, km 111 Caixa Postal 319, Colombo, PR 83411-000 Brazil
- Department of Forest Engineering, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36571-000 Brazil
| | - M Kirst
- School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, PO Box 110410, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- University of Florida Genetics Institute, University of Florida, PO Box 103610, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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Abstract
This descriptive study explores students' perceptions of personal and program preparedness for disasters. Participants in this online survey included 1,348 nursing students from every state plus Guam, Puerto Rico, and theVirgin Islands. The study explored three questions: a) the level of preparedness, including learning about different types of disasters, preparing disaster plans, creating disaster kits, and participating in community disaster response efforts; b) the impact of disasters on nursing students; and c) strategies to assist nursing students during disasters. Results indicated that nursing students throughout the country are generally not well prepared for disasters. Nurse educators need to develop strategies to prepare their students for disasters. The American Red Cross provides templates for organizations, including colleges and universities, to prepare their campuses for emergencies. Faculty need to collaborate with staff and students to develop and implement plans appropriate for their programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl K Schmidt
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of Nursing, Little Rock, USA.
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