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Halfmann PJ, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Kuroda M, Hirata Y, Yamayoshi S, Iida S, Uraki R, Ito M, Ueki H, Furusawa Y, Sakai-Tagawa Y, Kiso M, Armbrust T, Spyra S, Maeda K, Wang Z, Imai M, Suzuki T, Kawaoka Y. Characterization of Omicron BA.4.6, XBB, and BQ.1.1 subvariants in hamsters. Commun Biol 2024; 7:331. [PMID: 38491227 PMCID: PMC10943235 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06015-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
During the Omicron wave, previous variants such as BA.2, BA.4, and BA.5 were replaced by newer variants with additional mutations in the spike protein. These variants, BA.4.6, BQ.1.1, and XBB, have spread in different countries with different degrees of success. Here, we evaluated the replicative ability and pathogenicity of BA.4.6, BQ1.1, and XBB clinical isolates in male Syrian hamsters. Although we found no substantial differences in weight change among hamsters infected with these Omicron subvariants, the replicative ability of BQ.1.1 and XBB in lung tissue was higher than that of BA.4.6 and BA.5. Of note, BQ.1.1 was lethal in both male and female transgenic human ACE2 hamsters. In competition assays, XBB replicated better than BQ.1.1 in the nasal turbinate tissues of female hamsters previously infected with Omicron BA.2. These results suggest that newer Omicron subvariants in the XBB family are still evolving and should be closely monitored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Halfmann
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53711, USA
| | | | - Makoto Kuroda
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53711, USA
| | - Yuichiro Hirata
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan
| | - Seiya Yamayoshi
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Shun Iida
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan
| | - Ryuta Uraki
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Ito
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ueki
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Yuri Furusawa
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Yuko Sakai-Tagawa
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Maki Kiso
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Tammy Armbrust
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53711, USA
| | - Sam Spyra
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53711, USA
| | - Ken Maeda
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan
| | - Zhongde Wang
- Department of Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322, USA
| | - Masaki Imai
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Tadaki Suzuki
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan.
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53711, USA.
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan.
- The University of Tokyo, Pandemic Preparedness, Infection and Advanced Research Center (UTOPIA), Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan.
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Yamayoshi S, Nagai E, Mitamura K, Hagihara M, Kobayashi R, Takahashi S, Shibata A, Uwamino Y, Hasegawa N, Iqbal A, Kamimaki I, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Nagamura-Inoue T, Kawaoka Y. Seroprevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 N antibodies between December 2021 and march 2023 in Japan. Epidemiol Infect 2024; 152:e24. [PMID: 38258464 PMCID: PMC10894890 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268824000141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in 2019 in China and rapidly spread worldwide, leading to a pandemic. The threat of SARS-CoV-2 is subsiding as most people have acquired sufficient antibodies through vaccination and/or infection to prevent severe COVID-19. After the emergence of the omicron variants, the seroprevalence of antibodies against the N protein elicited by SARS-CoV-2 infection ranged from 44.4% to 80.2% in countries other than Japan. Here, we assessed the seroprevalence in Japan before and after the appearance of omicron variants. Serosurveillance of antibodies against N was conducted between December 2021 and March 2023 in Japan. In total, 7604 and 3354 residual serum or plasma samples were collected in the Tokyo metropolitan area and Sapporo, respectively. We found that the seroprevalence in representative regions of Japan increased approximately 3% to 23% after the emergence of the omicron variants. We also found higher seroprevalence among the young compared with the elderly. Our findings indicate that unlike other countries, most of the Japanese population has not been infected, raising the possibility of future SARS-CoV-2 epidemics in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiya Yamayoshi
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Research Center for Global Viral Infections, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Etsuko Nagai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Research Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Mitamura
- Division of Infection Control, Eiju General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masao Hagihara
- Department of Hematology, Eiju General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Kobayashi
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Sapporo Medical University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Takahashi
- Department of Infection Control and Laboratory Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akimichi Shibata
- Department of Pediatrics, Japanese Red Cross Ashikaga Hospital, Tochigi, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Uwamino
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoki Hasegawa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Asef Iqbal
- Department of Pediatrics, NHO Saitama Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Isamu Kamimaki
- Department of Pediatrics, NHO Saitama Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | | | - Tokiko Nagamura-Inoue
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Research Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Research Center for Global Viral Infections, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
- The University of Tokyo Pandemic Preparedness, Infection and Advanced Research Center, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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Maruki T, Nomoto H, Iwamoto N, Yamamoto K, Kurokawa M, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Yamayoshi S, Suzuki Y, Kawaoka Y, Ohmagari N. Successful management of persistent COVID-19 using combination antiviral therapy (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir and remdesivir) and intravenous immunoglobulin transfusion in an immunocompromised host who had received CD20 depleting therapy for follicular lymphoma. J Infect Chemother 2024:S1341-321X(24)00012-6. [PMID: 38242284 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2024.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
The management of persistent symptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections in immunocompromised patients remains unclear. Here, we present the first case of successful antiviral therapy (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir and remdesivir) in combination with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) in a patient who had received CD20 depleting therapy for follicular lymphoma and experienced recurrent COVID-19 relapses. After the patient received IVIg treatment, the viral load decreased without recurrence. Subsequently, it was found that the anti-spike antibody titer in the administered immunoglobulin was high at 9528.0 binding antibody units/mL. Our case highlights the potential of combination therapy with selective IVIg and antiviral drugs for relapsed immunocompromised COVID-19 patients who have received CD20 depleting therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taketomo Maruki
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Nomoto
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Noriko Iwamoto
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei Yamamoto
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masami Kurokawa
- Laboratory Testing Department, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Seiya Yamayoshi
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Suzuki
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Pandemic Preparedness, Infection and Advanced Research Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Norio Ohmagari
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Ishizaka A, Koga M, Mizutani T, Yamayoshi S, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Adachi E, Suzuki Y, Kawaoka Y, Yotsuyanagi H. Association of gut microbiota with the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in people living with HIV. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:6. [PMID: 38172680 PMCID: PMC10763188 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-03157-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND People living with HIV (PLWH) with chronic inflammation may have an increasing risk for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity; however, the impact of their gut microbiota on COVID-19 is not fully elucidated. Here, we analyzed the temporal changes in the gut microbiota composition of hospitalized severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-infected PLWH (PLWH-CoV) and their correlation with COVID-19 severity. RESULT The 16S rRNA analysis results using stool samples (along the timeline from disease onset) from 12 hospitalized PLWH-CoV, whose median CD4 + T cell count was 671 cells/µl, were compared to those of 19 healthy people and 25 PLWH. Bacterial diversity in PLWH-CoV is not significantly different from that of healthy people and SARS-CoV-2 non-infected PLWH, but a significant difference in the microbiota diversity was observed in the classification according to the disease severity. Immediately after the disease onset, remarkable changes were observed in the gut microbiota of PLWH-CoV, and the changing with a decrease in some short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria and an increase in colitis-related pathobiont. In the second week after disease onset, relative amounts of specific bacteria distinguished between disease severity. One month after the disease onset, dysbiosis of the gut microbiota persisted, and the number of Enterobacteriaceae, mainly Escherichia-Shigella, which is potentially pathogenic, increased and were enriched in patients who developed post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC). CONCLUSION The changes in the gut microbiota associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection observed in PLWH in this study indicated a persistent decrease in SCFA-producing bacteria and an intestinal environment with an increase in opportunistic pathogens associated with enteritis. This report demonstrates that the intestinal environment in PLWH tends to show delayed improvement even after COVID-19 recovery, and highlights the importance of the dysbiosis associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection as a potential factor in the COVID-19 severity and the PASC in PLWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Ishizaka
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, the Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michiko Koga
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, the Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taketoshi Mizutani
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, the University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan.
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, the University of Tokyo, 6-2-3 Kashiwanoha, 277-0882, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Seiya Yamayoshi
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyoko Iwatsuki-Horimoto
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eisuke Adachi
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Suzuki
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, the University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Pandemic Preparedness, Infection and Advanced Research Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, the Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, 108-8639, Tokyo, Japan.
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5
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Hagihara M, Hayashi H, Nakashima S, Imai Y, Nakano H, Uchida T, Inoue M, Sakai-Tagawa Y, Ito M, Yamayoshi S, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Suzuki Y, Kawaoka Y. Clinical Efficacy of Imdevimab/Casirivimab for Persistent Omicron SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Patients with Hematological Malignancies. Intern Med 2024:2900-23. [PMID: 38171874 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.2900-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Prolonged severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has been reported in immunocompromised patients, as they poorly develop antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. We conducted a clinical trial to determine the efficacy of Imdevimab/Casirivimab (Imde/Casiri), an anti-viral monoclonal antibody (mAb), for prolonged infection at our institution. Methods Nine patients with hematological malignancies (six with malignant lymphoma and three with multiple myeloma) in our institution presented with coronavirus disease 2019 caused by SARS-CoV-2 omicron variants (one, five, and one with BA.2, BA.5, and BF.7, respectively; two undetermined). Although not all nine patients developed severe disease, viral mRNA was detected in all patients after treatment with remdesivir or molnupiravir. Imde/casiri was infused 11-49 days after the disease onset. Results Within seven days of infusion, viral RNA was undetectable in five of the nine cases. Because all seven viruses isolated from patients whose viral RNA became undetectable showed low or no sensitivity to this monoclonal antibody cocktail, the disappearance of viral RNA in these cases may not be attributable to the antibody cocktail. Conclusion It may be worth considering the use of monoclonal antibodies that show some activity against these virus variants to treat persistent SARS-CoV-2 infection in immunocompromised patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yui Imai
- Department of Hematology, Eiju General Hospital, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Yuko Sakai-Tagawa
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Ito
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiya Yamayoshi
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan
- The Research Center for Global Viral Disease, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Japan
| | | | - Yutaka Suzuki
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan
- The Research Center for Global Viral Disease, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Japan
- Pandemic Preparedness, Infection and Advanced Research Center (UTOPIA), University of Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA
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6
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Uraki R, Imai M, Ito M, Yamayoshi S, Kiso M, Jounai N, Miyaji K, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Takeshita F, Kawaoka Y. An mRNA vaccine encoding the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain protects mice from various Omicron variants. NPJ Vaccines 2024; 9:4. [PMID: 38167505 PMCID: PMC10761957 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-023-00800-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Here, we assessed the efficacy of a lipid nanoparticle-based mRNA vaccine candidate encoding the receptor-binding domain (LNP-mRNA-RBD) in mice. Mice immunized with LNP-mRNA-RBD based on the ancestral strain (ancestral-type LNP-mRNA-RBD) showed similar cellular responses against the ancestral strain and BA.5, but their neutralizing activity against BA.5 was lower than that against the ancestral strain. The ancestral-type LNP-mRNA-RBD protected mice from the ancestral strain or BA.5 challenge; however, its ability to reduce the viral burdens after BA.5 challenge was limited. In contrast, immunization with bivalent LNP-mRNA-RBD consisting of the ancestral-type and BA.4/5-type LNP-mRNA-RBD or monovalent BA.4/5-type LNP-mRNA-RBD elicited robust cellular responses, as well as high and moderate neutralizing titers against BA.5 and XBB.1.5, respectively. Furthermore, the vaccines containing BA.4/5-type LNP-mRNA-RBD remarkably reduced the viral burdens following BA.5 or XBB.1.5 challenge. Overall, our findings suggest that LNP-mRNA-RBD is effective against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuta Uraki
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Masaki Imai
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Ito
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Seiya Yamayoshi
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Maki Kiso
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Nao Jounai
- Biologics Division, Vaccine Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd, Tokyo, 134-0081, Japan
| | - Kazuki Miyaji
- Biologics Division, Vaccine Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd, Tokyo, 134-0081, Japan
| | - Kiyoko Iwatsuki-Horimoto
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Takeshita
- Biologics Division, Vaccine Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd, Tokyo, 134-0081, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan.
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-, Madison, WI, 53711, USA.
- The University of Tokyo, Pandemic Preparedness, Infection and Advanced Research Center, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan.
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7
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Uraki R, Kiso M, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Yamayoshi S, Ito M, Chiba S, Sakai-Tagawa Y, Imai M, Kashima Y, Koga M, Fuwa N, Okumura N, Hojo M, Iwamoto N, Kato H, Nakajima H, Ohmagari N, Yotsuyanagi H, Suzuki Y, Kawaoka Y. Characterization of a SARS-CoV-2 EG.5.1 clinical isolate in vitro and in vivo. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113580. [PMID: 38103202 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
EG.5.1 is a subvariant of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron XBB variant that is rapidly increasing in prevalence worldwide. However, the pathogenicity, transmissibility, and immune evasion properties of isolates of EG.5.1 are largely unknown. Here, we show that there are no obvious differences in growth ability and pathogenicity between EG.5.1 and XBB.1.5 in hamsters. We also demonstrate that, like XBB.1.5, EG.5.1 is transmitted more efficiently between hamsters compared to its predecessor, BA.2. In contrast, unlike XBB.1.5, we detect EG.5.1 in the lungs of four of six exposed hamsters, suggesting that the virus properties of EG.5.1 are different from those of XBB.1.5. Finally, we find that the neutralizing activity of plasma from convalescent individuals against EG.5.1 was slightly, but significantly, lower than that against XBB.1.5 or XBB.1.9.2. Our data suggest that the different virus properties after transmission and the altered antigenicity of EG.5.1 may be driving its increasing prevalence over XBB.1.5 in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuta Uraki
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Maki Kiso
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | | | - Seiya Yamayoshi
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Ito
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Shiho Chiba
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Yuko Sakai-Tagawa
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Masaki Imai
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Yukie Kashima
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-0882, Japan
| | - Michiko Koga
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Noriko Fuwa
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Nobumasa Okumura
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Masayuki Hojo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Noriko Iwamoto
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Hideaki Kato
- Department of Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan; Infection Prevention and Control Department, Yokohama City University Hospital, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Hideaki Nakajima
- Department of Stem Cell and Immune Regulation, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Norio Ohmagari
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Yutaka Suzuki
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-0882, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan; Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53711, USA; Pandemic Preparedness, Infection and Advanced Research Center (UTOPIA), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan.
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Yamayoshi S, Ito M, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Yasuhara A, Okuda M, Hamabata T, Murakami J, Duong C, Yamamoto T, Kuroda Y, Maeda K, Kawaoka Y. Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in dogs and cats during the early and mid-pandemic periods in Japan. One Health 2023; 17:100588. [PMID: 37359748 PMCID: PMC10279464 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2023.100588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has continued to circulate in humans since its emergence in 2019. While infection in humans continues, numerous spillover events to at least 32 animal species, including companion and zoo animals, have been reported. Since dogs and cats are highly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 and have direct contact with their owners and other household members, it is important to know the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in dogs and cats. Here, we established an ELISA to detect serum antibodies against the receptor-binding domain and the ectodomain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid proteins. Using this ELISA, we assessed seroprevalence in 488 dog serum samples and 355 cat serum samples that were collected during the early pandemic period (between May and June of 2020) and 312 dog serum samples and 251 cat serum samples that were collected during the mid-pandemic period (between October 2021 and January 2022). We found that two dog serum samples (0.41%) collected in 2020, one cat serum sample (0.28%) collected in 2020, and four cat serum samples (1.6%) collected in 2021 were positive for antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. No dog serum samples collected in 2021 were positive for these antibodies. We conclude that the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in dogs and cats in Japan is low, suggesting that these animals are not a major SARS-CoV-2 reservoir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiya Yamayoshi
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan
- International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan
- Research Center for Global Viral Infections, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Ito
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Atsuhiro Yasuhara
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Moe Okuda
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taiki Hamabata
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jurika Murakami
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Calvin Duong
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Yamamoto
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan
| | - Yudai Kuroda
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan
| | - Ken Maeda
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan
- Research Center for Global Viral Infections, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Japan
- The University of Tokyo Pandemic Preparedness, Infection and Advanced Research Center, Japan
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA
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9
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Kingstad-Bakke B, Cleven T, Bussan H, Yount BL, Uraki R, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Koga M, Yamamoto S, Yotsuyanagi H, Park H, Mishra JS, Kumar S, Baric RS, Halfmann PJ, Kawaoka Y, Suresh M. Airway surveillance and lung viral control by memory T cells induced by COVID-19 mRNA vaccine. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e172510. [PMID: 37796612 PMCID: PMC10721330 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.172510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although SARS-CoV-2 evolution seeds a continuous stream of antibody-evasive viral variants, COVID-19 mRNA vaccines provide robust protection against severe disease and hospitalization. Here, we asked whether mRNA vaccine-induced memory T cells limit lung SARS-CoV-2 replication and severe disease. We show that mice and humans receiving booster BioNTech mRNA vaccine developed potent CD8 T cell responses and showed similar kinetics of expansion and contraction of granzyme B/perforin-expressing effector CD8 T cells. Both monovalent and bivalent mRNA vaccines elicited strong expansion of a heterogeneous pool of terminal effectors and memory precursor effector CD8 T cells in spleen, inguinal and mediastinal lymph nodes, pulmonary vasculature, and most surprisingly in the airways, suggestive of systemic and regional surveillance. Furthermore, we document that: (a) CD8 T cell memory persists in multiple tissues for > 200 days; (b) following challenge with pathogenic SARS-CoV-2, circulating memory CD8 T cells rapidly extravasate to the lungs and promote expeditious viral clearance, by mechanisms that require CD4 T cell help; and (c) adoptively transferred splenic memory CD8 T cells traffic to the airways and promote lung SARS-CoV-2 clearance. These findings provide insights into the critical role of memory T cells in preventing severe lung disease following breakthrough infections with antibody-evasive SARS-CoV-2 variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brock Kingstad-Bakke
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Thomas Cleven
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Hailey Bussan
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Boyd L. Yount
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ryuta Uraki
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Michiko Koga
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, and
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinya Yamamoto
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, and
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hongtae Park
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jay S. Mishra
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Sathish Kumar
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Ralph S. Baric
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Peter J. Halfmann
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
- The University of Tokyo, Pandemic Preparedness, Infection and Advanced Research Center (UTOPIA), Tokyo, Japan
| | - M. Suresh
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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10
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Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Ito M, Okuda-Hamabata M, Takagi H, Imai M, Kawaoka Y. Cardiomyopathy Does Not Exacerbate the Severity of Pneumonia Caused by a SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant in the J2N-k Hamster Model. Viruses 2023; 15:2280. [PMID: 38140522 PMCID: PMC10748195 DOI: 10.3390/v15122280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is one of many risk factors that have been linked to increased severity or mortality in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients; however, the exact role of SARS-CoV-2 in the pathogenesis of cardiac inflammatory injury has not been established. A previous study reported that SARS-CoV-2 causes more severe disease with cardiomyopathy in a J2N-k animal model. Here, we investigated the sensitivity of J2N-k hamsters, as a cardiomyopathy animal model, to a delta strain of SARS-CoV-2 compared to J2N-n control animals. We found that J2N-k hamsters were less susceptible to this delta strain than J2N-n animals, and we found no evidence that cardiomyopathy is a risk factor in this animal model. Since the previous study reported that SARS-CoV-2 causes more severe disease with cardiomyopathy in the same animal model, further analysis of the relationship between cardiomyopathy and SARS-CoV-2 infection is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoko Iwatsuki-Horimoto
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (K.I.-H.); (M.I.); (M.O.-H.); (M.I.)
- Pandemic Preparedness, Infection and Advanced Research Center (UTOPIA), University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Ito
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (K.I.-H.); (M.I.); (M.O.-H.); (M.I.)
| | - Moe Okuda-Hamabata
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (K.I.-H.); (M.I.); (M.O.-H.); (M.I.)
| | | | - Masaki Imai
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (K.I.-H.); (M.I.); (M.O.-H.); (M.I.)
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (K.I.-H.); (M.I.); (M.O.-H.); (M.I.)
- Pandemic Preparedness, Infection and Advanced Research Center (UTOPIA), University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
- Department of Special Pathogens, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53711, USA
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11
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Uraki R, Ito M, Kiso M, Yamayoshi S, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Sakai-Tagawa Y, Imai M, Koga M, Yamamoto S, Adachi E, Saito M, Tsutsumi T, Otani A, Fukushi S, Watanabe S, Suzuki T, Kikuchi T, Yotsuyanagi H, Maeda K, Kawaoka Y. Antiviral efficacy against and replicative fitness of an XBB.1.9.1 clinical isolate. iScience 2023; 26:108147. [PMID: 37876803 PMCID: PMC10590837 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence and spread of new SARS-CoV-2 variants with mutations in the spike protein, such as the XBB.1.5 and XBB.1.9.1 sublineages, raise concerns about the efficacy of current COVID-19 vaccines and therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). In this study, none of the mAbs we tested neutralized XBB.1.9.1 or XBB.1.5, even at the highest concentration used. We also found that the bivalent mRNA vaccine could enhance humoral immunity against XBB.1.9.1, but that XBB.1.9.1 and XBB.1.5 still evaded humoral immunity induced by vaccination or infection. Moreover, the susceptibility of XBB.1.9.1 to remdesivir, molnupiravir, nirmatrelvir, and ensitrelvir was similar to that of the ancestral strain and the XBB.1.5 isolate in vitro. Finally, we found the replicative fitness of XBB.1.9.1 to be similar to that of XBB.1.5 in hamsters. Our results suggest that XBB.1.9.1 and XBB.1.5 have similar antigenicity and replicative ability, and that the currently available COVID-19 antivirals remain effective against XBB.1.9.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuta Uraki
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Ito
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maki Kiso
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiya Yamayoshi
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Yuko Sakai-Tagawa
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Imai
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michiko Koga
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinya Yamamoto
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eisuke Adachi
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Saito
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeya Tsutsumi
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Amato Otani
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Tadaki Suzuki
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken Maeda
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- The University of Tokyo, Pandemic Preparedness, Infection and Advanced Research Center (UTOPIA), Tokyo, Japan
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12
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Yamamoto S, Yamayoshi S, Ito M, Sakai-Tagawa Y, Nakachi I, Baba R, Kamimoto S, Ogura T, Hagiwara S, Kato H, Nakajima H, Uwamino Y, Yagi K, Sugaya N, Nagai H, Saito M, Adachi E, Koga M, Tsutsumi T, Duong C, Okuda M, Murakami J, Furusawa Y, Ujie M, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Yotsuyanagi H, Kawaoka Y. Differences among epitopes recognized by neutralizing antibodies induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19 vaccination. iScience 2023; 26:107208. [PMID: 37448563 PMCID: PMC10290734 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 has gradually acquired amino acid substitutions in its S protein that reduce the potency of neutralizing antibodies, leading to decreased vaccine efficacy. Here, we attempted to obtain mutant viruses by passaging SARS-CoV-2 in the presence of plasma samples from convalescent patients or vaccinees to determine which amino acid substitutions affect the antigenicity of SARS-CoV-2. Several amino acid substitutions in the S2 region, as well as the N-terminal domain (NTD) and receptor-binding domain (RBD), affected the neutralization potency of plasma samples collected from vaccinees, indicating that amino acid substitutions in the S2 region as well as those in the NTD and RBD affect neutralization by vaccine-induced antibodies. Furthermore, the neutralizing potency of vaccinee plasma samples against mutant viruses we obtained or circulating viruses differed among individuals. These findings suggest that genetic backgrounds of vaccinees influence the recognition of neutralizing epitopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Yamamoto
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Seiya Yamayoshi
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Ito
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Yuko Sakai-Tagawa
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Ichiro Nakachi
- Pulmonary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Saiseikai Utsunomiya Hospital, Tochigi 321-0974, Japan
| | - Rie Baba
- Pulmonary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Saiseikai Utsunomiya Hospital, Tochigi 321-0974, Japan
| | - Shigenobu Kamimoto
- Pulmonary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Saiseikai Utsunomiya Hospital, Tochigi 321-0974, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ogura
- Department of Emergency and Intensive Care, Saiseikai Utsunomiya Hospital, Tochigi 321-0974, Japan
| | - Shigehiro Hagiwara
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Saiseikai Utsunomiya Hospital, Tochigi 321-0974, Japan
| | - Hideaki Kato
- Department of Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Hideaki Nakajima
- Department of Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Uwamino
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kazuma Yagi
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Keiyu Hospital, Kanagawa 220-8521, Japan
| | - Norio Sugaya
- Department of Pediatrics, Keiyu Hospital, Kanagawa 220-8521, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nagai
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Makoto Saito
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Eisuke Adachi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Michiko Koga
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Takeya Tsutsumi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Calvin Duong
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Moe Okuda
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Jurika Murakami
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Yuri Furusawa
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Michiko Ujie
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | | | - Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53711, USA
- The University of Tokyo, Pandemic Preparedness, Infection and Advanced Research Center, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
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13
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Ishizaka A, Koga M, Mizutani T, Uraki R, Yamayoshi S, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Yamamoto S, Imai M, Tsutsumi T, Suzuki Y, Kawaoka Y, Yotsuyanagi H. Research article antibody induction and immune response in nasal cavity by third dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination. Virol J 2023; 20:146. [PMID: 37443091 PMCID: PMC10339591 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-023-02113-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mucosa serves as the first defence against pathogens and facilitates the surveillance and elimination of symbiotic bacteria by mucosal immunity. Recently, the mRNA vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 has been demonstrated to induce secretory antibodies in the oral and nasal cavities in addition to a systemic immune response. However, the mechanism of induced immune stimulation effect on mucosal immunity and commensal bacteria profile remains unclear. METHODS Here, we longitudinally analysed the changing nasal microbiota and both systemic and nasal immune response upon SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination, and evaluated how mRNA vaccination influenced nasal microbiota in 18 healthy participants who had received the third BNT162b. RESULTS The nasal S-RBD IgG level correlated significantly with plasma IgG levels until 1 month and the levels were sustained for 3 months post-vaccination. In contrast, nasal S-RBD IgA induction peaked at 1 month, albeit slightly, and correlated only with plasma IgA, but the induction level decreased markedly at 3 months post-vaccination. 16 S rRNA sequencing of the nasal microbiota post-vaccination revealed not an overall change, but a decrease in certain opportunistic bacteria, mainly Fusobacterium. The decrease in these bacteria was more pronounced in those who exhibited nasal S-RBD IgA induction, and those with higher S-RBD IgA induction had lower relative amounts of potentially pathogenic bacteria such as Pseudomonas pre-vaccination. In addition, plasma and mucosal S-RBD IgG levels correlated with decreased commensal pathogens such as Finegoldia. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the third dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination induced S-RBD antibodies in the nasal mucosa and may have stimulated mucosal immunity against opportunistic bacterial pathogens. This effect, albeit probably secondary, may be considered one of the benefits of mRNA vaccination. Furthermore, our data suggest that a cooperative function of mucosal and systemic immunity in the reduction of bacteria and provides a better understanding of the symbiotic relationship between the host and bacteria in the nasal mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Ishizaka
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, 108-8639, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michiko Koga
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, 108-8639, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taketoshi Mizutani
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha Kashiwa 277, 8562, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Ryuta Uraki
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiya Yamayoshi
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyoko Iwatsuki-Horimoto
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinya Yamamoto
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, 108-8639, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Imai
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeya Tsutsumi
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Suzuki
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha Kashiwa 277, 8562, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Pandemic Preparedness, Infection and Advanced Research Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, 108-8639, Tokyo, Japan.
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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14
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Halfmann PJ, Uraki R, Kuroda M, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Yamayoshi S, Ito M, Kawaoka Y. Transmission and re-infection of Omicron variant XBB.1.5 in hamsters. EBioMedicine 2023; 93:104677. [PMID: 37352827 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Like its predecessors in the XBB family, XBB.1.5 is highly immune evasive from therapeutic monoclonal antibodies and neutralizing antibodies generated by vaccination and/or infection. However, there is a lack of in vivo data on XBB.1.5 in animal models such as Syrian hamsters. METHODS Syrian hamsters (females) were used to examine airborne transmission along with virus replication of XBB.1.5 in naïve animals and human ACE2 hamsters with pre-existing immunity from a previous infection with Omicron BA.1. Assays were performed to determine neutralizing antibody responses, and virus titers were determined by standard plaque assays. FINDINGS Unlike earlier Omicron subvariants, such as BA.1 and BA.2, XBB.1.5 transmitted more efficiently in the hamster model. In addition, XBB.1.5 partially escaped BA.1-immunity from a previous infection with XBB.1.5 replicating in the nasal turbinate tissues and to a lesser extend in the lung tissues of previously infected hamsters. INTERPRETATION Our in vivo data showing better airborne transmissibility of the Omicron subvariant XBB.1.5 than its predecessor, BA.2, in Syrian hamsters will allow researchers to further investigate amino acid substitutions that give XBB.1.5 a fitness advantage over BA.2 in transmission, data that may be important in studies of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in humans. FUNDING This research is supported by grants from the Center for Research on Influenza Pathogenesis and Transmission (CRIPT; 75N93021C00014), funded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and by a Research Program on Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases (JP21fk0108552 and JP21fk0108615), a Project Promoting Support for Drug Discovery (JP21nf0101632), the Japan Program for Infectious Diseases Research and Infrastructure (JP22wm0125002), and The University of Tokyo Pandemic Preparedness, Infection and Advanced Research Center (UTOPIA) grant (JP223fa627001) from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Halfmann
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53711, USA.
| | - Ryuta Uraki
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Makoto Kuroda
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53711, USA
| | | | - Seiya Yamayoshi
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Ito
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53711, USA; Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan; Pandemic Preparedness, Infection and Advanced Research Center (UTOPIA), University of Tokyo, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan.
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15
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Uraki R, Ito M, Kiso M, Yamayoshi S, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Sakai-Tagawa Y, Furusawa Y, Imai M, Koga M, Yamamoto S, Adachi E, Saito M, Tsutsumi T, Otani A, Kashima Y, Kikuchi T, Yotsuyanagi H, Suzuki Y, Kawaoka Y. Efficacy of antivirals and bivalent mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 isolate CH.1.1. Lancet Infect Dis 2023; 23:525-526. [PMID: 36898405 PMCID: PMC9991060 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(23)00132-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryuta Uraki
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Ito
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maki Kiso
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiya Yamayoshi
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Yuko Sakai-Tagawa
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuri Furusawa
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Imai
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michiko Koga
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinya Yamamoto
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eisuke Adachi
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Saito
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeya Tsutsumi
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Amato Otani
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukie Kashima
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Suzuki
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan; Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; The University of Tokyo Pandemic Preparedness, Infection and Advanced Research Center, Tokyo, Japan.
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16
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Uraki R, Ito M, Kiso M, Yamayoshi S, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Sakai-Tagawa Y, Imai M, Koga M, Yamamoto S, Adachi E, Saito M, Tsutsumi T, Otani A, Kashima Y, Kikuchi T, Theiler J, Yotsuyanagi H, Suzuki Y, Korber B, Kawaoka Y. Efficacy of antivirals and mRNA vaccination against an XBF clinical isolate. Lancet Reg Health West Pac 2023; 34:100777. [PMID: 37193320 PMCID: PMC10173759 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2023.100777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryuta Uraki
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Ito
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maki Kiso
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiya Yamayoshi
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Yuko Sakai-Tagawa
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Imai
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michiko Koga
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of the Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinya Yamamoto
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eisuke Adachi
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of the Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Saito
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of the Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeya Tsutsumi
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of the Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Amato Otani
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of the Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukie Kashima
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - James Theiler
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
- New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
| | - Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of the Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Suzuki
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Bette Korber
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
- New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- The University of Tokyo, Pandemic Preparedness, Infection and Advanced Research Center (UTOPIA), Tokyo, Japan
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17
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Uraki R, Ito M, Kiso M, Yamayoshi S, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Furusawa Y, Sakai-Tagawa Y, Imai M, Koga M, Yamamoto S, Adachi E, Saito M, Tsutsumi T, Otani A, Kikuchi T, Yotsuyanagi H, Halfmann PJ, Pekosz A, Kawaoka Y. Antiviral and bivalent vaccine efficacy against an omicron XBB.1.5 isolate. Lancet Infect Dis 2023; 23:402-403. [PMID: 36773622 PMCID: PMC9908083 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(23)00070-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryuta Uraki
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Ito
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Maki Kiso
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Seiya Yamayoshi
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Yuri Furusawa
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Sakai-Tagawa
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Masaki Imai
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michiko Koga
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Shinya Yamamoto
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Eisuke Adachi
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Makoto Saito
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Takeya Tsutsumi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Amato Otani
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | | | - Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Peter J Halfmann
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Andrew Pekosz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; Pandemic Preparedness, Infection and Advanced Research Center, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan; Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
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18
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Saitoh H, Sakai-Tagawa Y, Nagasawa S, Torimitsu S, Kubota K, Hirata Y, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Motomura A, Ishii N, Okaba K, Horioka K, Abe H, Ikemura M, Rokutan H, Hinata M, Iwasaki A, Yasunaga Y, Nakajima M, Yamaguchi R, Tsuneya S, Kira K, Kobayashi S, Inokuchi G, Chiba F, Hoshioka Y, Mori A, Yamamoto I, Nakagawa K, Katano H, Iida S, Suzuki T, Akitomi S, Hasegawa I, Ushiku T, Yajima D, Iwase H, Makino Y, Kawaoka Y. High titers of infectious SARS-CoV-2 in corpses of patients with COVID-19. Int J Infect Dis 2023; 129:103-109. [PMID: 36754229 PMCID: PMC9902281 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2023.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The prolonged presence of infectious SARS-CoV-2 in deceased patients with COVID-19 has been reported. However, infectious virus titers have not been determined. Such information is important for public health, death investigation, and handling corpses. The aim of this study was to assess the level of SARS-CoV-2 infectivity in the corpses of patients with COVID-19. METHODS We collected 11 nasopharyngeal swabs and 19 lung tissue specimens from 11 autopsy cases with COVID-19 in 2021. We then investigated the viral genomic copy number by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and infectious titers by cell culture and virus isolation. RESULTS Infectious virus was present in six of 11 (55%) cases, four of 11 (36%) nasopharyngeal swabs, and nine of 19 (47%) lung specimens. The virus titers ranged from 6.00E + 01 plaque-forming units/ml to 2.09E + 06 plaque-forming units/g. In all cases in which an infectious virus was found, the time from death to discovery was within 1 day and the longest postmortem interval was 13 days. CONCLUSION The corpses of patients with COVID-19 may have high titers of infectious virus after a long postmortem interval (up to 13 days). Therefore, appropriate infection control measures must be taken when handling corpses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisako Saitoh
- Department of Legal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Yuko Sakai-Tagawa
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sayaka Nagasawa
- Department of Legal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Suguru Torimitsu
- Department of Legal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Department of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazumi Kubota
- Department of Healthcare Information Management, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Hirata
- Department of Legal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyoko Iwatsuki-Horimoto
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayumi Motomura
- Department of Legal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Department of Legal Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Namiko Ishii
- Department of Legal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Department of Legal Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Okaba
- Department of Legal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Department of Legal Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kie Horioka
- Department of Legal Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Abe
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masako Ikemura
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Rokutan
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Munetoshi Hinata
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akiko Iwasaki
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoichi Yasunaga
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Nakajima
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rutsuko Yamaguchi
- Department of Legal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Department of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeki Tsuneya
- Department of Legal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Department of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei Kira
- Department of Legal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Department of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Susumu Kobayashi
- Department of Legal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Department of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Go Inokuchi
- Department of Legal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Department of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumiko Chiba
- Department of Legal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Department of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yumi Hoshioka
- Department of Legal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Aika Mori
- Department of Legal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Isao Yamamoto
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka, Japan; Public Interest Incorporated Association Nihon Kousei-Kyoukai, Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Kimiko Nakagawa
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka, Japan; Public Interest Incorporated Association Nihon Kousei-Kyoukai, Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Harutaka Katano
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shun Iida
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tadaki Suzuki
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Akitomi
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Japan Medical Association Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Iwao Hasegawa
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka, Japan; Public Interest Incorporated Association Nihon Kousei-Kyoukai, Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Ushiku
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yajima
- Department of Legal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Department of Legal Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirotaro Iwase
- Department of Legal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Department of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yohsuke Makino
- Department of Legal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Department of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, USA
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19
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Uraki R, Iida S, Halfmann PJ, Yamayoshi S, Hirata Y, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Kiso M, Ito M, Furusawa Y, Ueki H, Sakai-Tagawa Y, Kuroda M, Maemura T, Kim T, Mine S, Iwamoto N, Li R, Liu Y, Larson D, Fukushi S, Watanabe S, Maeda K, Wang Z, Ohmagari N, Theiler J, Fischer W, Korber B, Imai M, Suzuki T, Kawaoka Y. Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2.75 clinical isolates. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1620. [PMID: 36959194 PMCID: PMC10035475 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37059-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of the Omicron subvariant BA.2.75 rapidly increased in India and Nepal during the summer of 2022, and spread globally. However, the virological features of BA.2.75 are largely unknown. Here, we evaluated the replicative ability and pathogenicity of BA.2.75 clinical isolates in Syrian hamsters. Although we found no substantial differences in weight change among hamsters infected with BA.2, BA.5, or BA.2.75, the replicative ability of BA.2.75 in the lungs is higher than that of BA.2 and BA.5. Of note, BA.2.75 causes focal viral pneumonia in hamsters, characterized by patchy inflammation interspersed in alveolar regions, which is not observed in BA.5-infected hamsters. Moreover, in competition assays, BA.2.75 replicates better than BA.5 in the lungs of hamsters. These results suggest that BA.2.75 can cause more severe respiratory disease than BA.5 and BA.2 in a hamster model and should be closely monitored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuta Uraki
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Shun Iida
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan
| | - Peter J Halfmann
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53711, USA
| | - Seiya Yamayoshi
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Hirata
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan
| | | | - Maki Kiso
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Ito
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Yuri Furusawa
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ueki
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Yuko Sakai-Tagawa
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Makoto Kuroda
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53711, USA
| | - Tadashi Maemura
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53711, USA
| | - Taksoo Kim
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53711, USA
| | - Sohtaro Mine
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan
| | - Noriko Iwamoto
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322, USA
| | - Yanan Liu
- Department of Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322, USA
| | - Deanna Larson
- Department of Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322, USA
| | - Shuetsu Fukushi
- Department of Virology 1, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, 208-0011, Japan
| | - Shinji Watanabe
- Center for Influenza and Respiratory Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, 208-0011, Japan
| | - Ken Maeda
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan
| | - Zhongde Wang
- Department of Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322, USA
| | - Norio Ohmagari
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - James Theiler
- Space Data Science and Systems, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
| | - Will Fischer
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
- New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
| | - Bette Korber
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA.
- New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA.
| | - Masaki Imai
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan.
| | - Tadaki Suzuki
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan.
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan.
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53711, USA.
- The University of Tokyo, Pandemic Preparedness, Infection and Advanced Research Center, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan.
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20
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Bramer LM, Hontz RD, Eisfeld AJ, Sims AC, Kim YM, Stratton KG, Nicora CD, Gritsenko MA, Schepmoes AA, Akasaka O, Koga M, Tsutsumi T, Nakamura M, Nakachi I, Baba R, Tateno H, Suzuki S, Nakajima H, Kato H, Ishida K, Ishii M, Uwamino Y, Mitamura K, Paurus VL, Nakayasu ES, Attah IK, Letizia AG, Waters KM, Metz TO, Corson K, Kawaoka Y, Gerbasi VR, Yotsuyanagi H, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K. Multi-omics of NET formation and correlations with CNDP1, PSPB, and L-cystine levels in severe and mild COVID-19 infections. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13795. [PMID: 36915486 PMCID: PMC9988701 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The detailed mechanisms of COVID-19 infection pathology remain poorly understood. To improve our understanding of SARS-CoV-2 pathology, we performed a multi-omics and correlative analysis of an immunologically naïve SARS-CoV-2 clinical cohort from blood plasma of uninfected controls, mild, and severe infections. Consistent with previous observations, severe patient populations showed an elevation of pulmonary surfactant levels. Intriguingly, mild patients showed a statistically significant elevation in the carnosine dipeptidase modifying enzyme (CNDP1). Mild and severe patient populations showed a strong elevation in the metabolite L-cystine (oxidized form of the amino acid cysteine) and enzymes with roles in glutathione metabolism. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) were observed in both mild and severe populations, and NET formation was higher in severe vs. mild samples. Our correlative analysis suggests a potential protective role for CNDP1 in suppressing PSPB release from the pulmonary space whereas NET formation correlates with increased PSPB levels and disease severity. In our discussion we put forward a possible model where NET formation drives pulmonary occlusions and CNDP1 promotes antioxidation, pleiotropic immune responses, and vasodilation by accelerating histamine synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Bramer
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Robert D Hontz
- U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. TWO (NAMRU-2), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Amie J Eisfeld
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Amy C Sims
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Young-Mo Kim
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Osamu Akasaka
- Emergency Medical Center, Fujisawa City Hospital 2-6-1 Fujisawa, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Michiko Koga
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeya Tsutsumi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Morio Nakamura
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Tokyo Saiseikai Central, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ichiro Nakachi
- Pulmonary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Utsunomiya Hospital, Utsunomiya, Japan
| | - Rie Baba
- Pulmonary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Utsunomiya Hospital, Utsunomiya, Japan
| | - Hiroki Tateno
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Saitama City Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Shoji Suzuki
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Saitama City Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hideaki Nakajima
- Department of Hematology and Clinical Immunology, University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hideaki Kato
- Department of Hematology and Clinical Immunology, University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - Makoto Ishii
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Uwamino
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Mitamura
- Division of Infection Control, Eiju General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Isaac K Attah
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Andrew G Letizia
- U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. TWO (NAMRU-2), Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Thomas O Metz
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Karen Corson
- U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. TWO (NAMRU-2), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Japan.,International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo
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21
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Soga T, Duong C, Pattinson D, Sakai-Tagawa Y, Tokita A, Izumida N, Nishino T, Hagiwara H, Wada N, Miyamoto Y, Kuroki H, Hayashi Y, Seki M, Kasuya N, Koga M, Adachi E, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Yotsuyanagi H, Yamayoshi S, Kawaoka Y. Characterization of Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 Viruses Isolated in the 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 Influenza Seasons in Japan. Viruses 2023; 15:v15020535. [PMID: 36851749 PMCID: PMC9968111 DOI: 10.3390/v15020535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus that emerged in 2009 causes seasonal epidemic worldwide. The virus acquired several amino acid substitutions that were responsible for antigenic drift until the 2018-2019 influenza season. Viruses possessing mutations in the NA and PA proteins that cause reduced susceptibility to NA inhibitors and baloxavir marboxil, respectively, have been detected after antiviral treatment, albeit infrequently. Here, we analyzed HA, NA, and PA sequences derived from A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses that were isolated during the 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 influenza seasons in Japan. We found that A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses possessing the D187A and Q189E substitutions in HA emerged and dominated during the 2019-2020 season; these substitutions in the antigenic site Sb, a high potency neutralizing antibody-eliciting site for humans, changed the antigenicity of A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses. Furthermore, we found that isolates possessing the N156K substitution, which was predicted to affect the antigenicity of A(H1N1)pdm09 virus at the laboratory level, were detected at a frequency of 1.0% in the 2018-2019 season but 10.1% in the 2019-2020 season. These findings indicate that two kinds of antigenically drifted viruses-N156K and D187A/Q189E viruses-co-circulated during the 2019-2020 influenza season in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuma Soga
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Calvin Duong
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - David Pattinson
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Yuko Sakai-Tagawa
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Akifumi Tokita
- Tokyo Pediatric Association Public Health Committee, Saitama 331-0815, Japan
- Clinic Bambini, Tokyo 108-0071, Japan
| | - Naomi Izumida
- Tokyo Pediatric Association Public Health Committee, Saitama 331-0815, Japan
- Akebonocho Clinic, Tokyo 120-0023, Japan
| | - Tamon Nishino
- Tokyo Pediatric Association Public Health Committee, Saitama 331-0815, Japan
- Alpaca Kids ENT Clinic, Tokyo 171-0052, Japan
| | - Haruhisa Hagiwara
- Tokyo Pediatric Association Public Health Committee, Saitama 331-0815, Japan
- Hagiwara Clinic, Tokyo 173-0016, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Wada
- Tokyo Pediatric Association Public Health Committee, Saitama 331-0815, Japan
- Wada Pediatric Clinic, Tokyo 121-0812, Japan
| | | | | | - Yuka Hayashi
- Saitama Citizens Medical Center, Saitama 331-0054, Japan
| | - Masafumi Seki
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai 983-8536, Japan
| | | | - Michiko Koga
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Eisuke Adachi
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of the Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | | | - Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of the Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Seiya Yamayoshi
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Department of Special Pathogens, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
- Correspondence: (S.Y.); (Y.K.)
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Department of Special Pathogens, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
- The University of Tokyo Pandemic Preparedness, Infection and Advanced Research Center (UTOPIA), Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Correspondence: (S.Y.); (Y.K.)
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22
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Imai M, Ito M, Kiso M, Yamayoshi S, Uraki R, Fukushi S, Watanabe S, Suzuki T, Maeda K, Sakai-Tagawa Y, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Halfmann PJ, Kawaoka Y. Efficacy of Antiviral Agents against Omicron Subvariants BQ.1.1 and XBB. N Engl J Med 2023; 388:89-91. [PMID: 36476720 PMCID: PMC9749618 DOI: 10.1056/nejmc2214302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 127.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tadaki Suzuki
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken Maeda
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
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23
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Uraki R, Ito M, Furusawa Y, Yamayoshi S, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Adachi E, Saito M, Koga M, Tsutsumi T, Yamamoto S, Otani A, Kiso M, Sakai-Tagawa Y, Ueki H, Yotsuyanagi H, Imai M, Kawaoka Y. Humoral immune evasion of the omicron subvariants BQ.1.1 and XBB. Lancet Infect Dis 2023; 23:30-32. [PMID: 36495917 PMCID: PMC9729000 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(22)00816-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 78.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryuta Uraki
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan,The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Ito
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Yuri Furusawa
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan,The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiya Yamayoshi
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan,The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Eisuke Adachi
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Makoto Saito
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan,Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Michiko Koga
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan,Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Takeya Tsutsumi
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan,Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Shinya Yamamoto
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan,Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Amato Otani
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Maki Kiso
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Yuko Sakai-Tagawa
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ueki
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan,The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan,Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Masaki Imai
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan,The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan,The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan,Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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24
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Uraki R, Halfmann PJ, Iida S, Yamayoshi S, Furusawa Y, Kiso M, Ito M, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Mine S, Kuroda M, Maemura T, Sakai-Tagawa Y, Ueki H, Li R, Liu Y, Larson D, Fukushi S, Watanabe S, Maeda K, Pekosz A, Kandeil A, Webby RJ, Wang Z, Imai M, Suzuki T, Kawaoka Y. Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.4 and BA.5 isolates in rodents. Nature 2022; 612:540-545. [PMID: 36323336 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05482-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The BA.2 sublineage of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant has become dominant in most countries around the world; however, the prevalence of BA.4 and BA.5 is increasing rapidly in several regions. BA.2 is less pathogenic in animal models than previously circulating variants of concern1-4. Compared with BA.2, however, BA.4 and BA.5 possess additional substitutions in the spike protein, which play a key role in viral entry, raising concerns that the replication capacity and pathogenicity of BA.4 and BA.5 are higher than those of BA.2. Here we have evaluated the replicative ability and pathogenicity of BA.4 and BA.5 isolates in wild-type Syrian hamsters, human ACE2 (hACE2) transgenic hamsters and hACE2 transgenic mice. We have observed no obvious differences among BA.2, BA.4 and BA.5 isolates in growth ability or pathogenicity in rodent models, and less pathogenicity compared to a previously circulating Delta (B.1.617.2 lineage) isolate. In addition, in vivo competition experiments revealed that BA.5 outcompeted BA.2 in hamsters, whereas BA.4 and BA.2 exhibited similar fitness. These findings suggest that BA.4 and BA.5 clinical isolates have similar pathogenicity to BA.2 in rodents and that BA.5 possesses viral fitness superior to that of BA.2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuta Uraki
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Peter J Halfmann
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Shun Iida
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiya Yamayoshi
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuri Furusawa
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maki Kiso
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Ito
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Sohtaro Mine
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Kuroda
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Tadashi Maemura
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Yuko Sakai-Tagawa
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ueki
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
| | - Yanan Liu
- Department of Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
| | - Deanna Larson
- Department of Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
| | - Shuetsu Fukushi
- Department of Virology 1, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Watanabe
- Center for Influenza and Respiratory Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken Maeda
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Andrew Pekosz
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ahmed Kandeil
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.,Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Richard J Webby
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Zhongde Wang
- Department of Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
| | - Masaki Imai
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. .,The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Tadaki Suzuki
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. .,The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan. .,Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
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25
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Takashita E, Yamayoshi S, Halfmann P, Wilson N, Ries H, Richardson A, Bobholz M, Vuyk W, Maddox R, Baker DA, Friedrich TC, O'Connor DH, Uraki R, Ito M, Sakai-Tagawa Y, Adachi E, Saito M, Koga M, Tsutsumi T, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Kiso M, Yotsuyanagi H, Watanabe S, Hasegawa H, Imai M, Kawaoka Y. In Vitro Efficacy of Antiviral Agents against Omicron Subvariant BA.4.6. N Engl J Med 2022; 387:2094-2097. [PMID: 36383452 PMCID: PMC9730936 DOI: 10.1056/nejmc2211845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emi Takashita
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Hunter Ries
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | | | - Max Bobholz
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
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26
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Yamayoshi S, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Okuda M, Ujie M, Yasuhara A, Murakami J, Duong C, Hamabata T, Ito M, Chiba S, Kobayashi R, Takahashi S, Mitamura K, Hagihara M, Shibata A, Uwamino Y, Hasegawa N, Ebina T, Izumi A, Kato H, Nakajima H, Sugaya N, Seki Y, Iqbal A, Kamimaki I, Yamazaki M, Kawaoka Y, Furuse Y. Age-Stratified Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies before and during the Vaccination Era, Japan, February 2020–March 2022. Emerg Infect Dis 2022; 28:2198-2205. [PMID: 36198306 PMCID: PMC9622230 DOI: 10.3201/eid2811.221127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Japan has reported a relatively small number of COVID-19 cases. Because not all infected persons receive diagnostic tests for COVID-19, the reported number must be lower than the actual number of infections. We assessed SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence by analyzing >60,000 samples collected in Japan (Tokyo Metropolitan Area and Hokkaido Prefecture) during February 2020–March 2022. The results showed that ≈3.8% of the population had become seropositive by January 2021. The seroprevalence increased with the administration of vaccinations; however, among the elderly, seroprevalence was not as high as the vaccination rate. Among children, who were not eligible for vaccination, infection was spread during the epidemic waves caused by the SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron variants. Nevertheless, seroprevalence for unvaccinated children <5 years of age was as low as 10% as of March 2022. Our study underscores the low incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Japan and the effects of vaccination on immunity at the population level.
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27
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Halfmann PJ, Kuroda M, Armbrust T, Theiler J, Balaram A, Moreno GK, Accola MA, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Valdez R, Stoneman E, Braun K, Yamayoshi S, Somsen E, Baczenas JJ, Mitamura K, Hagihara M, Adachi E, Koga M, McLaughlin M, Rehrauer W, Imai M, Yamamoto S, Tsutsumi T, Saito M, Friedrich TC, O’Connor SL, O’Connor DH, Gordon A, Korber B, Kawaoka Y. Characterization of the SARS-CoV-2 B.1.621 (Mu) variant. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabm4908. [PMID: 35579540 PMCID: PMC9392899 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abm4908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 B.1.621 (Mu) variant emerged in January 2021 and was categorized as a variant of interest by the World Health Organization in August 2021. This designation prompted us to study the sensitivity of this variant to antibody neutralization. In a live virus neutralization assay with serum samples from individuals vaccinated with the Pfizer/BioNTech or Moderna mRNA vaccines, we measured neutralization antibody titers against B.1.621, an early isolate (spike 614D), and a variant of concern (B.1.351, Beta variant). We observed reduced neutralizing antibody titers against the B.1.621 variant (3.4- to 7-fold reduction, depending on the serum sample and time after the second vaccination) compared to the early isolate and a similar reduction when compared to B.1.351. Likewise, convalescent serum from hamsters previously infected with an early isolate neutralized B.1.621 to a lower degree. Despite this antibody titer reduction, hamsters could not be efficiently rechallenged with the B.1.621 variant, suggesting that the immune response to the first infection is adequate to provide protection against a subsequent infection with the B.1.621 variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Halfmann
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53711.,Corresponding authors: (Y.K.); (P.H.)
| | - Makoto Kuroda
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53711
| | - Tammy Armbrust
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53711
| | - James Theiler
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Space Data Science and Systems, Los Alamos, NM 87545
| | - Ariane Balaram
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53711
| | - Gage K. Moreno
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Molly A. Accola
- UW Health Clinical Laboratories, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, Madison, WI 53792
| | - Kiyoko Iwatsuki-Horimoto
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 108-8639 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Riccardo Valdez
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Emily Stoneman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Katarina Braun
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53711
| | - Seiya Yamayoshi
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 108-8639 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Elizabeth Somsen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705
| | - John J. Baczenas
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705.,Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53715
| | - Keiko Mitamura
- Division of Infection Control, Eiju General Hospital, 110-8645, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masao Hagihara
- Department of Hematology, Eiju General Hospital, 110-8645, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eisuke Adachi
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 108-8639, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michiko Koga
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 108-8639, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Matthew McLaughlin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705
| | - William Rehrauer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705.,UW Health Clinical Laboratories, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, Madison, WI 53792
| | - Masaki Imai
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 108-8639 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinya Yamamoto
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 108-8639, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeya Tsutsumi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 108-8639, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Saito
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 108-8639, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Thomas C. Friedrich
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53711.,Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53715
| | - Shelby L. O’Connor
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705.,Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53715
| | - David H. O’Connor
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705.,Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53715
| | - Aubree Gordon
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Bette Korber
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos, NM 87545.,The New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, NM 87545
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53711.,Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 108-8639 Tokyo, Japan.,The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan.,Corresponding authors: (Y.K.); (P.H.)
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28
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Uraki R, Kiso M, Iida S, Imai M, Takashita E, Kuroda M, Halfmann PJ, Loeber S, Maemura T, Yamayoshi S, Fujisaki S, Wang Z, Ito M, Ujie M, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Furusawa Y, Wright R, Chong Z, Ozono S, Yasuhara A, Ueki H, Sakai-Tagawa Y, Li R, Liu Y, Larson D, Koga M, Tsutsumi T, Adachi E, Saito M, Yamamoto S, Hagihara M, Mitamura K, Sato T, Hojo M, Hattori SI, Maeda K, Valdez R, Okuda M, Murakami J, Duong C, Godbole S, Douek DC, Maeda K, Watanabe S, Gordon A, Ohmagari N, Yotsuyanagi H, Diamond MS, Hasegawa H, Mitsuya H, Suzuki T, Kawaoka Y. Characterization and antiviral susceptibility of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2. Nature 2022; 607:119-127. [PMID: 35576972 PMCID: PMC10579982 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04856-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The recent emergence of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529 lineage) variants possessing numerous mutations has raised concerns of decreased effectiveness of current vaccines, therapeutic monoclonal antibodies and antiviral drugs for COVID-19 against these variants1,2. The original Omicron lineage, BA.1, prevailed in many countries, but more recently, BA.2 has become dominant in at least 68 countries3. Here we evaluated the replicative ability and pathogenicity of authentic infectious BA.2 isolates in immunocompetent and human ACE2-expressing mice and hamsters. In contrast to recent data with chimeric, recombinant SARS-CoV-2 strains expressing the spike proteins of BA.1 and BA.2 on an ancestral WK-521 backbone4, we observed similar infectivity and pathogenicity in mice and hamsters for BA.2 and BA.1, and less pathogenicity compared with early SARS-CoV-2 strains. We also observed a marked and significant reduction in the neutralizing activity of plasma from individuals who had recovered from COVID-19 and vaccine recipients against BA.2 compared to ancestral and Delta variant strains. In addition, we found that some therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (REGN10987 plus REGN10933, COV2-2196 plus COV2-2130, and S309) and antiviral drugs (molnupiravir, nirmatrelvir and S-217622) can restrict viral infection in the respiratory organs of BA.2-infected hamsters. These findings suggest that the replication and pathogenicity of BA.2 is similar to that of BA.1 in rodents and that several therapeutic monoclonal antibodies and antiviral compounds are effective against Omicron BA.2 variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuta Uraki
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maki Kiso
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shun Iida
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Imai
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Emi Takashita
- Center for Influenza and Respiratory Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Kuroda
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Peter J Halfmann
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Samantha Loeber
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Tadashi Maemura
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Seiya Yamayoshi
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Fujisaki
- Center for Influenza and Respiratory Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Zhongde Wang
- Department of Animal Dairy, and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
| | - Mutsumi Ito
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michiko Ujie
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Yuri Furusawa
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory of Ultrastructural Virology, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryan Wright
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Zhenlu Chong
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Seiya Ozono
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Yasuhara
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ueki
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Sakai-Tagawa
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Animal Dairy, and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
| | - Yanan Liu
- Department of Animal Dairy, and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
| | - Deanna Larson
- Department of Animal Dairy, and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
| | - Michiko Koga
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeya Tsutsumi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eisuke Adachi
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Saito
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinya Yamamoto
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masao Hagihara
- Department of Hematology, Eiju General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Mitamura
- Division of Infection Control, Eiju General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Sato
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Hojo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Hattori
- Department of Refractory Viral Infections, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Maeda
- Department of Refractory Viral Infections, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Riccardo Valdez
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Moe Okuda
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jurika Murakami
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Calvin Duong
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sucheta Godbole
- Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Daniel C Douek
- Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ken Maeda
- Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Watanabe
- Center for Influenza and Respiratory Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aubree Gordon
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Norio Ohmagari
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michael S Diamond
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Hideki Hasegawa
- Center for Influenza and Respiratory Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Mitsuya
- Department of Refractory Viral Infections, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
- Experimental Retrovirology Section, HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tadaki Suzuki
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
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29
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Uraki R, Kiso M, Imai M, Yamayoshi S, Ito M, Fujisaki S, Takashita E, Ujie M, Furusawa Y, Yasuhara A, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Sakai-Tagawa Y, Watanabe S, Hasegawa H, Kawaoka Y. Therapeutic efficacy of monoclonal antibodies and antivirals against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 in Syrian hamsters. Nat Microbiol 2022; 7:1252-1258. [PMID: 35705860 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-022-01170-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The spike protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the major antigen stimulating the host's protective immune response. Here we assessed the efficacy of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) sublineage BA.1 variants in Syrian hamsters. Of the FDA-approved therapeutic mAbs tested (that is, REGN10987/REGN10933, COV2-2196/COV2-2130 and S309), only COV2-2196/COV2-2130 efficiently inhibited BA.1 replication in the lungs of hamsters, and this effect was diminished against a BA.1.1 variant possessing the S-R346K substitution. In addition, treatment of BA.1-infected hamsters with molnupiravir (a SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitor) or S-217622 (a SARS-CoV-2 protease inhibitor) strongly reduced virus replication in the lungs. These findings suggest that the use of therapeutic mAbs in Omicron-infected patients should be carefully considered due to mutations that affect efficacy, and demonstrate that the antiviral compounds molnupiravir and S-217622 are effective against Omicron BA.1 variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuta Uraki
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maki Kiso
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Imai
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiya Yamayoshi
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Ito
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Fujisaki
- Center for Influenza and Respiratory Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Emi Takashita
- Center for Influenza and Respiratory Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michiko Ujie
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuri Furusawa
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Yasuhara
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Yuko Sakai-Tagawa
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Watanabe
- Center for Influenza and Respiratory Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideki Hasegawa
- Center for Influenza and Respiratory Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. .,The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan. .,Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
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30
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Fujii T, Hagihara M, Mitamura K, Nakashima S, Ohara S, Uchida T, Inoue M, Okuda M, Yasuhara A, Murakami J, Duong C, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Yamayoshi S, Kawaoka Y. Anti-SARS CoV-2 IgG in COVID-19 Patients with Hematological Diseases: A Single-center, Retrospective Study in Japan. Intern Med 2022; 61:1681-1686. [PMID: 35342138 PMCID: PMC9259303 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.9209-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spread globally. Although the relationship between anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies and COVID-19 severity has been reported, information is lacking regarding the seropositivity of patients with particular types of diseases, including hematological diseases. Methods In this single-center, retrospective study, we compared SARS-CoV-2 IgG positivity between patients with hematological diseases and those with non-hematological diseases. Results In total, 77 adult COVID-19 patients were enrolled. Of these, 30 had hematological disorders, and 47 had non-hematological disorders. The IgG antibody against the receptor-binding domain of the spike protein was detected less frequently in patients with hematological diseases (60.0%) than in those with non-hematological diseases (91.5%; p=0.029). Rituximab use was significantly associated with seronegativity (p=0.010). Conclusion Patients with hematological diseases are less likely to develop anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies than those with non-hematological diseases, which may explain the poor outcomes of COVID-19 patients in this high-risk group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Fujii
- Department of Hematology, Eiju General Hospital, Japan
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan
| | | | - Keiko Mitamura
- Division of Infection Control, Eiju General Hospital, Japan
| | | | - Shin Ohara
- Department of Hematology, Eiju General Hospital, Japan
| | | | | | - Moe Okuda
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Yasuhara
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jurika Murakami
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Calvin Duong
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Seiya Yamayoshi
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Japan
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31
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Takashita E, Kinoshita N, Yamayoshi S, Sakai-Tagawa Y, Fujisaki S, Ito M, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Halfmann P, Watanabe S, Maeda K, Imai M, Mitsuya H, Ohmagari N, Takeda M, Hasegawa H, Kawaoka Y. Efficacy of Antiviral Agents against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Subvariant BA.2. N Engl J Med 2022; 386:1475-1477. [PMID: 35263535 PMCID: PMC8929374 DOI: 10.1056/nejmc2201933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 95.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emi Takashita
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kenji Maeda
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Hiroaki Mitsuya
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norio Ohmagari
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Takeda
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
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32
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Takashita E, Kinoshita N, Yamayoshi S, Sakai-Tagawa Y, Fujisaki S, Ito M, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Chiba S, Halfmann P, Nagai H, Saito M, Adachi E, Sullivan D, Pekosz A, Watanabe S, Maeda K, Imai M, Yotsuyanagi H, Mitsuya H, Ohmagari N, Takeda M, Hasegawa H, Kawaoka Y. Efficacy of Antibodies and Antiviral Drugs against Covid-19 Omicron Variant. N Engl J Med 2022; 386:995-998. [PMID: 35081300 PMCID: PMC8809508 DOI: 10.1056/nejmc2119407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 123.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emi Takashita
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Shiho Chiba
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | | | | | | | | | - David Sullivan
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Andrew Pekosz
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Kenji Maeda
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Hiroaki Mitsuya
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norio Ohmagari
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Takeda
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
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33
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Pattinson D, Jester P, Guan L, Yamayoshi S, Chiba S, Presler R, Rao H, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Ikeda N, Hagihara M, Uchida T, Mitamura K, Halfmann P, Neumann G, Kawaoka Y. A Novel Method to Reduce ELISA Serial Dilution Assay Workload Applied to SARS-CoV-2 and Seasonal HCoVs. Viruses 2022; 14:v14030562. [PMID: 35336970 PMCID: PMC8955134 DOI: 10.3390/v14030562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Assays using ELISA measurements on serially diluted serum samples have been heavily used to measure serum reactivity to SARS-CoV-2 antigens and are widely used in virology and elsewhere in biology. We test a method using Bayesian hierarchical modelling to reduce the workload of these assays and measure reactivity of SARS-CoV-2 and HCoV antigens to human serum samples collected before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Inflection titers for SARS-CoV-2 full-length spike protein (S1S2), spike protein receptor-binding domain (RBD), and nucleoprotein (N) inferred from 3 spread-out dilutions correlated with those inferred from 8 consecutive dilutions with an R2 value of 0.97 or higher. We confirm existing findings showing a small proportion of pre-pandemic human serum samples contain cross-reactive antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 S1S2 and N, and that SARS-CoV-2 infection increases serum reactivity to the beta-HCoVs OC43 and HKU1 S1S2. In serial dilution assays, large savings in resources and/or increases in throughput can be achieved by reducing the number of dilutions measured and using Bayesian hierarchical modelling to infer inflection or endpoint titers. We have released software for conducting these types of analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Pattinson
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (D.P.); (P.J.); (L.G.); (S.C.); (R.P.); (H.R.); (P.H.); (G.N.)
| | - Peter Jester
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (D.P.); (P.J.); (L.G.); (S.C.); (R.P.); (H.R.); (P.H.); (G.N.)
| | - Lizheng Guan
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (D.P.); (P.J.); (L.G.); (S.C.); (R.P.); (H.R.); (P.H.); (G.N.)
| | - Seiya Yamayoshi
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-0071, Japan; (S.Y.); (K.I.-H.)
- The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8665, Japan
| | - Shiho Chiba
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (D.P.); (P.J.); (L.G.); (S.C.); (R.P.); (H.R.); (P.H.); (G.N.)
| | - Robert Presler
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (D.P.); (P.J.); (L.G.); (S.C.); (R.P.); (H.R.); (P.H.); (G.N.)
| | - Hongyu Rao
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (D.P.); (P.J.); (L.G.); (S.C.); (R.P.); (H.R.); (P.H.); (G.N.)
| | - Kiyoko Iwatsuki-Horimoto
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-0071, Japan; (S.Y.); (K.I.-H.)
| | - Nobuhiro Ikeda
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Eiju General Hospital, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan;
| | - Masao Hagihara
- Department of Hematology, Eiju General Hospital, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; (M.H.); (T.U.)
| | - Tomoyuki Uchida
- Department of Hematology, Eiju General Hospital, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; (M.H.); (T.U.)
| | - Keiko Mitamura
- Division of Infection Control, Eiju General Hospital, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan;
| | - Peter Halfmann
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (D.P.); (P.J.); (L.G.); (S.C.); (R.P.); (H.R.); (P.H.); (G.N.)
| | - Gabriele Neumann
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (D.P.); (P.J.); (L.G.); (S.C.); (R.P.); (H.R.); (P.H.); (G.N.)
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (D.P.); (P.J.); (L.G.); (S.C.); (R.P.); (H.R.); (P.H.); (G.N.)
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-0071, Japan; (S.Y.); (K.I.-H.)
- Department of Special Pathogens, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-0071, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-608-265-4925
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Kawaoka Y, Uraki R, Kiso M, Iida S, Imai M, Takashita E, Kuroda M, Halfmann P, Loeber S, Maemura T, Yamayoshi S, Fujisaki S, Wang Z, Ito M, Ujie M, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Furusawa Y, Wright R, Chong Z, Ozono S, Yasuhara A, Ueki H, Sakai Y, Li R, Liu Y, Larson D, Koga M, Tsutsumi T, Adachi E, Saito M, Yamamoto S, Matsubara S, Hagihara M, Mitamura K, Sato T, Hojo M, Hattori SI, Maeda K, Okuda M, Murakami J, Duong C, Godbole S, Douek D, Watanabe S, Ohmagari N, Yotsuyanagi H, Diamond M, Hasegawa H, Mitsuya H, Suzuki T. Characterization and antiviral susceptibility of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron/BA.2. Res Sq 2022:rs.3.rs-1375091. [PMID: 35233565 PMCID: PMC8887076 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1375091/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The recent emergence of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants possessing large numbers of mutations has raised concerns of decreased effectiveness of current vaccines, therapeutic monoclonal antibodies, and antiviral drugs for COVID-19 against these variants1,2. While the original Omicron lineage, BA.1, has become dominant in many countries, BA.2 has been detected in at least 67 countries and has become dominant in the Philippines, India, and Denmark. Here, we evaluated the replicative ability and pathogenicity of an authentic infectious BA.2 isolate in immunocompetent and human ACE2 (hACE2)-expressing mice and hamsters. In contrast to recent data with chimeric, recombinant SARS-CoV-2 strains expressing the spike proteins of BA.1 and BA.2 on an ancestral WK-521 backbone3, we observed similar infectivity and pathogenicity in mice and hamsters between BA.2 and BA.1, and less pathogenicity compared to early SARS-CoV-2 strains. We also observed a marked and significant reduction in the neutralizing activity of plasma from COVID-19 convalescent individuals and vaccine recipients against BA.2 compared to ancestral and Delta variant strains. In addition, we found that some therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (REGN10987/REGN10933, COV2-2196/COV2-2130, and S309) and antiviral drugs (molnupiravir, nirmatrelvir, and S-217622) can restrict viral infection in the respiratory organs of hamsters infected with BA.2. These findings suggest that the replication and pathogenicity of BA.2 is comparable to that of BA.1 in rodents and that several therapeutic monoclonal antibodies and antiviral compounds are effective against Omicron/BA.2 variants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ryuta Uraki
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute
| | - Maki Kiso
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Tokyo
| | - Shun Iida
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases
| | | | | | | | - Peter Halfmann
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mutsumi Ito
- University of Tokyo, Institute of Medical Science
| | - Michiko Ujie
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo
| | | | - Yuri Furusawa
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo
| | - Ryan Wright
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison
| | | | | | - Atsuhiro Yasuhara
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo
| | | | - Yuko Sakai
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Tokyo
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Animal Dairy, and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University
| | - Yanan Liu
- Department of Animal Dairy, and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University
| | - Deanna Larson
- Utah State University, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences
| | - Michiko Koga
- The Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo
| | - Takeya Tsutsumi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo
| | - Eisuke Adachi
- The Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo
| | - Makoto Saito
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo
| | - Shinya Yamamoto
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo
| | - Shohei Matsubara
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo
| | | | | | - Tetsuro Sato
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital
| | - Masayuki Hojo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital
| | | | - Kenji Maeda
- National Center For Global Health and Medicine
| | - Moe Okuda
- Department of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo
| | - Jurika Murakami
- Department of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo
| | - Calvin Duong
- Department of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo
| | - Sucheta Godbole
- Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health
| | | | | | - Norio Ohmagari
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine
| | | | | | | | - Hiroaki Mitsuya
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute
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35
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Saito A, Irie T, Suzuki R, Maemura T, Nasser H, Uriu K, Kosugi Y, Shirakawa K, Sadamasu K, Kimura I, Ito J, Wu J, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Ito M, Yamayoshi S, Loeber S, Tsuda M, Wang L, Ozono S, Butlertanaka EP, Tanaka YL, Shimizu R, Shimizu K, Yoshimatsu K, Kawabata R, Sakaguchi T, Tokunaga K, Yoshida I, Asakura H, Nagashima M, Kazuma Y, Nomura R, Horisawa Y, Yoshimura K, Takaori-Kondo A, Imai M, Tanaka S, Nakagawa S, Ikeda T, Fukuhara T, Kawaoka Y, Sato K. Enhanced fusogenicity and pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 Delta P681R mutation. Nature 2022; 602:300-306. [PMID: 34823256 PMCID: PMC8828475 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04266-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 331] [Impact Index Per Article: 165.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
During the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, a variety of mutations have accumulated in the viral genome of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and, at the time of writing, four variants of concern are considered to be potentially hazardous to human society1. The recently emerged B.1.617.2/Delta variant of concern is closely associated with the COVID-19 surge that occurred in India in the spring of 2021 (ref. 2). However, the virological properties of B.1.617.2/Delta remain unclear. Here we show that the B.1.617.2/Delta variant is highly fusogenic and notably more pathogenic than prototypic SARS-CoV-2 in infected hamsters. The P681R mutation in the spike protein, which is highly conserved in this lineage, facilitates cleavage of the spike protein and enhances viral fusogenicity. Moreover, we demonstrate that the P681R-bearing virus exhibits higher pathogenicity compared with its parental virus. Our data suggest that the P681R mutation is a hallmark of the virological phenotype of the B.1.617.2/Delta variant and is associated with enhanced pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akatsuki Saito
- grid.410849.00000 0001 0657 3887Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan ,grid.410849.00000 0001 0657 3887Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan ,grid.410849.00000 0001 0657 3887Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Takashi Irie
- grid.257022.00000 0000 8711 3200Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Rigel Suzuki
- grid.39158.360000 0001 2173 7691Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Tadashi Maemura
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDivision of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan ,grid.14003.360000 0001 2167 3675Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA
| | - Hesham Nasser
- grid.274841.c0000 0001 0660 6749Division of Molecular Virology and Genetics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan ,grid.33003.330000 0000 9889 5690Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Keiya Uriu
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDivision of Systems Virology, Department of Infectious Disease Control, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kosugi
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDivision of Systems Virology, Department of Infectious Disease Control, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kotaro Shirakawa
- grid.258799.80000 0004 0372 2033Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenji Sadamasu
- grid.417096.dTokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Izumi Kimura
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDivision of Systems Virology, Department of Infectious Disease Control, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jumpei Ito
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDivision of Systems Virology, Department of Infectious Disease Control, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jiaqi Wu
- grid.265061.60000 0001 1516 6626Department of Molecular Life Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan ,grid.419082.60000 0004 1754 9200CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kiyoko Iwatsuki-Horimoto
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDivision of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Ito
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDivision of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiya Yamayoshi
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDivision of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan ,grid.45203.300000 0004 0489 0290The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Samantha Loeber
- grid.28803.310000 0001 0701 8607Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA
| | - Masumi Tsuda
- grid.39158.360000 0001 2173 7691Department of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan ,grid.39158.360000 0001 2173 7691Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Lei Wang
- grid.39158.360000 0001 2173 7691Department of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan ,grid.39158.360000 0001 2173 7691Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Seiya Ozono
- grid.410795.e0000 0001 2220 1880Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Erika P. Butlertanaka
- grid.410849.00000 0001 0657 3887Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Yuri L. Tanaka
- grid.410849.00000 0001 0657 3887Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Ryo Shimizu
- grid.274841.c0000 0001 0660 6749Division of Molecular Virology and Genetics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan ,grid.274841.c0000 0001 0660 6749Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kenta Shimizu
- grid.39158.360000 0001 2173 7691Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kumiko Yoshimatsu
- grid.39158.360000 0001 2173 7691Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Ryoko Kawabata
- grid.257022.00000 0000 8711 3200Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takemasa Sakaguchi
- grid.257022.00000 0000 8711 3200Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kenzo Tokunaga
- grid.410795.e0000 0001 2220 1880Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Isao Yoshida
- grid.417096.dTokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Asakura
- grid.417096.dTokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mami Nagashima
- grid.417096.dTokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kazuma
- grid.258799.80000 0004 0372 2033Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Nomura
- grid.258799.80000 0004 0372 2033Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Horisawa
- grid.258799.80000 0004 0372 2033Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Yoshimura
- grid.417096.dTokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akifumi Takaori-Kondo
- grid.258799.80000 0004 0372 2033Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masaki Imai
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDivision of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan ,grid.45203.300000 0004 0489 0290The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Shinya Tanaka
- Department of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan. .,Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan.
| | - So Nakagawa
- Department of Molecular Life Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan. .,CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan.
| | - Terumasa Ikeda
- Division of Molecular Virology and Genetics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
| | - Takasuke Fukuhara
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan.
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. .,Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA. .,The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Kei Sato
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Infectious Disease Control, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. .,CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan.
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36
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Diamond M, Halfmann P, Maemura T, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Iida S, Kiso M, Scheaffer S, Darling T, Joshi A, Loeber S, Foster S, Ying B, Whitener B, Floyd K, Ujie M, Nakajima N, Ito M, Wright R, Uraki R, Li R, Sakai Y, Liu Y, Larson D, Osorio J, Hernandez-Ortiz J, Čiuoderis K, Florek K, Patel M, Bateman A, Odle A, Wong LY, Wang Z, Edara VV, Chong Z, Thackray L, Ueki H, Yamayoshi S, Imai M, Perlman S, Webby R, Seder R, Suthar M, Garcia-Sastre A, Schotsaert M, Suzuki T, Boon A, Kawaoka Y, Douek D, Moliva J, Sullivan N, Gagne M, Ransier A, Case J, Jeevan T, Franks J, Fabrizio T, DeBeauchamp J, Kercher L, Seiler P, Singh G, Warang P, Gonzalez-Reiche AS, Sordillo E, van Bakel H, Simon V. The SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.529 Omicron virus causes attenuated infection and disease in mice and hamsters. Res Sq 2021:rs.3.rs-1211792. [PMID: 34981044 PMCID: PMC8722607 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1211792/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Despite the development and deployment of antibody and vaccine countermeasures, rapidly-spreading SARS-CoV-2 variants with mutations at key antigenic sites in the spike protein jeopardize their efficacy. The recent emergence of B.1.1.529, the Omicron variant1,2, which has more than 30 mutations in the spike protein, has raised concerns for escape from protection by vaccines and therapeutic antibodies. A key test for potential countermeasures against B.1.1.529 is their activity in pre-clinical rodent models of respiratory tract disease. Here, using the collaborative network of the SARS-CoV-2 Assessment of Viral Evolution (SAVE) program of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), we evaluated the ability of multiple B.1.1.529 Omicron isolates to cause infection and disease in immunocompetent and human ACE2 (hACE2) expressing mice and hamsters. Despite modeling and binding data suggesting that B.1.1.529 spike can bind more avidly to murine ACE2, we observed attenuation of infection in 129, C57BL/6, and BALB/c mice as compared with previous SARS-CoV-2 variants, with limited weight loss and lower viral burden in the upper and lower respiratory tracts. Although K18-hACE2 transgenic mice sustained infection in the lungs, these animals did not lose weight. In wild-type and hACE2 transgenic hamsters, lung infection, clinical disease, and pathology with B.1.1.529 also were milder compared to historical isolates or other SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. Overall, experiments from multiple independent laboratories of the SAVE/NIAID network with several different B.1.1.529 isolates demonstrate attenuated lung disease in rodents, which parallels preliminary human clinical data.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter Halfmann
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | | | - Shun Iida
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo
| | - Maki Kiso
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Tokyo
| | | | | | | | | | - Stephanie Foster
- Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine
| | | | - Bradley Whitener
- Departments of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Michiko Ujie
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo
| | | | - Mutsumi Ito
- University of Tokyo, Institute of Medical Science
| | - Ryan Wright
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison
| | - Ryuta Uraki
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Animal Dairy, and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University
| | - Yuko Sakai
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Tokyo
| | - Yanan Liu
- Department of Animal Dairy, and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University
| | - Deanna Larson
- Department of Animal Dairy, and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University
| | | | - Juan Hernandez-Ortiz
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine. University of Wisconsin, Madison
| | | | | | - Mit Patel
- Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine
| | | | - Abby Odle
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa
| | - Lok-Yin Wong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - James Case
- Washington University School of Medicine
| | | | - John Franks
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | | | | | - Lisa Kercher
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Patrick Seiler
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital
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37
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Fukuyama S, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Kiso M, Nakajima N, Gregg RW, Katsura H, Tomita Y, Maemura T, da Silva Lopes TJ, Watanabe T, Shoemaker JE, Hasegawa H, Yamayoshi S, Kawaoka Y. Pathogenesis of Influenza A(H7N9) Virus in Aged Nonhuman Primates. J Infect Dis 2021; 222:1155-1164. [PMID: 32433769 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The avian influenza A(H7N9) virus has caused high mortality rates in humans, especially in the elderly; however, little is known about the mechanistic basis for this. In the current study, we used nonhuman primates to evaluate the effect of aging on the pathogenicity of A(H7N9) virus. We observed that A(H7N9) virus infection of aged animals (defined as age 20-26 years) caused more severe symptoms than infection of young animals (defined as age 2-3 years). In aged animals, lung inflammation was weak and virus infection was sustained. Although cytokine and chemokine expression in the lungs of most aged animals was lower than that in the lungs of young animals, 1 aged animal showed severe symptoms and dysregulated proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine production. These results suggest that attenuated or dysregulated immune responses in aged animals are responsible for the severe symptoms observed among elderly patients infected with A(H7N9) virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Fukuyama
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyoko Iwatsuki-Horimoto
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maki Kiso
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriko Nakajima
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Robert W Gregg
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hiroaki Katsura
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuriko Tomita
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tadashi Maemura
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Department of Special Pathogens, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tiago Jose da Silva Lopes
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Tokiko Watanabe
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jason E Shoemaker
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hideki Hasegawa
- Influenza Virus Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiya Yamayoshi
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Special Pathogens, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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38
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Ravichandran S, Lee Y, Grubbs G, Coyle EM, Klenow L, Akasaka O, Koga M, Adachi E, Saito M, Nakachi I, Ogura T, Baba R, Ito M, Kiso M, Yasuhara A, Yamada S, Sakai-Tagawa Y, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Imai M, Yamayoshi S, Yotsuyanagi H, Kawaoka Y, Khurana S. Longitudinal antibody repertoire in "mild" versus "severe" COVID-19 patients reveals immune markers associated with disease severity and resolution. Sci Adv 2021; 7:7/10/eabf2467. [PMID: 33674317 PMCID: PMC7935365 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abf2467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Limited knowledge exists on immune markers associated with disease severity or recovery in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Here, we elucidated longitudinal evolution of SARS-CoV-2 antibody repertoire in patients with acute COVID-19. Differential kinetics was observed for immunoglobulin M (IgM)/IgG/IgA epitope diversity, antibody binding, and affinity maturation in "severe" versus "mild" COVID-19 patients. IgG profile demonstrated immunodominant antigenic sequences encompassing fusion peptide and receptor binding domain (RBD) in patients with mild COVID-19 who recovered early compared with "fatal" COVID-19 patients. In patients with severe COVID-19, high-titer IgA were observed, primarily against RBD, especially in patients who succumbed to SARS-CoV-2 infection. The patients with mild COVID-19 showed marked increase in antibody affinity maturation to prefusion SARS-CoV-2 spike that associated with faster recovery from COVID-19. This study revealed antibody markers associated with disease severity and resolution of clinical disease that could inform development and evaluation of effective immune-based countermeasures against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supriya Ravichandran
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), FDA, Silver Spring, MD 20871, USA
| | - Youri Lee
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), FDA, Silver Spring, MD 20871, USA
| | - Gabrielle Grubbs
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), FDA, Silver Spring, MD 20871, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Coyle
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), FDA, Silver Spring, MD 20871, USA
| | - Laura Klenow
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), FDA, Silver Spring, MD 20871, USA
| | - Osamu Akasaka
- Emergency Medical Center, Fujisawa City Hospital 2-6-1 Fujisawa, Fujisawa City, Kanagawa 251-8550, Japan
| | - Michiko Koga
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Eisuke Adachi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Makoto Saito
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Ichiro Nakachi
- Pulmonary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Saiseikai Utsunomiya Hospital 911-1 Takebayashimachi, Utsunomiya 321-0974, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ogura
- Department of Emergency & Intensive care, Saiseikai Utsunomiya Hospital 911-1 Takebayashimachi, Utsunomiya 321-0974, Japan
| | - Rie Baba
- Pulmonary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Saiseikai Utsunomiya Hospital 911-1 Takebayashimachi, Utsunomiya 321-0974, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Ito
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Maki Kiso
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Yasuhara
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Shinya Yamada
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Yuko Sakai-Tagawa
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Kiyoko Iwatsuki-Horimoto
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Masaki Imai
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Seiya Yamayoshi
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53711, USA
| | - Surender Khurana
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), FDA, Silver Spring, MD 20871, USA.
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39
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Yamayoshi S, Yasuhara A, Ito M, Akasaka O, Nakamura M, Nakachi I, Koga M, Mitamura K, Yagi K, Maeda K, Kato H, Nojima M, Pattinson D, Ogura T, Baba R, Fujita K, Nagai H, Yamamoto S, Saito M, Adachi E, Ochi J, Hattori SI, Suzuki T, Miyazato Y, Chiba S, Okuda M, Murakami J, Hamabata T, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Nakajima H, Mitsuya H, Omagari N, Sugaya N, Yotsuyanagi H, Kawaoka Y. Antibody titers against SARS-CoV-2 decline, but do not disappear for several months. EClinicalMedicine 2021; 32:100734. [PMID: 33589882 PMCID: PMC7877219 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.100734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To develop an effective vaccine against a novel viral pathogen, it is important to understand the longitudinal antibody responses against its first infection. Here we performed a longitudinal study of antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 in symptomatic patients. METHODS Sequential blood samples were collected from 39 individuals at various timepoints between 0 and 154 days after onset. IgG or IgM titers to the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the S protein, the ectodomain of the S protein, and the N protein were determined by using an ELISA. Neutralizing antibody titers were measured by using a plaque reduction assay. FINDINGS The IgG titers to the RBD of the S protein, the ectodomain of the S protein, and the N protein peaked at about 20 days after onset, gradually decreased thereafter, and were maintained for several months after onset. Extrapolation modeling analysis suggested that the IgG antibodies were maintained for this amount of time because the rate of reduction slowed after 30 days post-onset. IgM titers to the RBD decreased rapidly and disappeared in some individuals after 90 days post-onset. All patients, except one, possessed neutralizing antibodies against authentic SARS-CoV-2, which they retained at 90 days after onset. The highest antibody titers in patients with severe infections were higher than those in patients with mild or moderate infections, but the decrease in antibody titer in the severe infection cohort was more remarkable than that in the mild or moderate infection cohort. INTERPRETATION Although the number of patients is limited, our results show that the antibody response against the first SARS-CoV-2 infection in symptomatic patients is typical of that observed in an acute viral infection. FUNDING The Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development and the National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiya Yamayoshi
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Yasuhara
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Ito
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Osamu Akasaka
- Emergency Medical Center, Fujisawa City Hospital, Japan
| | - Morio Nakamura
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Tokyo Saiseikai Central Hospital, Japan
| | - Ichiro Nakachi
- Pulmonary division, Department of Internal Medicine, Saiseikai Utsunomiya Hospital, Japan
| | - Michiko Koga
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Mitamura
- Division of Infection Control, Eiju General Hospital, Japan
| | - Kazuma Yagi
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keiyu Hospital, Japan
| | - Kenji Maeda
- Department of Refractory Viral Infections, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Japan
| | - Hideaki Kato
- Infection Prevention and Control Department, Yokohama City University Hospital, Japan
- Department of Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Masanori Nojima
- Center for Translational Research, Institute of Medical Science Hospital, University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - David Pattinson
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA
| | - Takayuki Ogura
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care Medicine, Saiseikai Utsunomiya Hospital, Japan
| | - Rie Baba
- Pulmonary division, Department of Internal Medicine, Saiseikai Utsunomiya Hospital, Japan
| | - Kensuke Fujita
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care Medicine, Saiseikai Utsunomiya Hospital, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nagai
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinya Yamamoto
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Saito
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eisuke Adachi
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junichi Ochi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Eiju General Hospital, Japan
| | - Shin-ichiro Hattori
- Department of Refractory Viral Infections, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Suzuki
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Japan
| | - Yusuke Miyazato
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Japan
| | - Shiho Chiba
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA
| | - Moe Okuda
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jurika Murakami
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taiki Hamabata
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyoko Iwatsuki-Horimoto
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideaki Nakajima
- Department of Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Mitsuya
- Department of Refractory Viral Infections, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Japan
| | - Norio Omagari
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Japan
| | | | - Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA
- Department of Special Pathogens, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan
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40
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Yamayoshi S, Sakai-Tagawa Y, Koga M, Akasaka O, Nakachi I, Koh H, Maeda K, Adachi E, Saito M, Nagai H, Ikeuchi K, Ogura T, Baba R, Fujita K, Fukui T, Ito F, Hattori SI, Yamamoto K, Nakamoto T, Furusawa Y, Yasuhara A, Ujie M, Yamada S, Ito M, Mitsuya H, Omagari N, Yotsuyanagi H, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Imai M, Kawaoka Y. Comparison of Rapid Antigen Tests for COVID-19. Viruses 2020; 12:v12121420. [PMID: 33322035 PMCID: PMC7764512 DOI: 10.3390/v12121420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR)-based tests are widely used to diagnose coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). As a result that these tests cannot be done in local clinics where RT-qPCR testing capability is lacking, rapid antigen tests (RATs) for COVID-19 based on lateral flow immunoassays are used for rapid diagnosis. However, their sensitivity compared with each other and with RT-qPCR and infectious virus isolation has not been examined. Here, we compared the sensitivity among four RATs by using severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) isolates and several types of COVID-19 patient specimens and compared their sensitivity with that of RT-qPCR and infectious virus isolation. Although the RATs read the samples containing large amounts of virus as positive, even the most sensitive RAT read the samples containing small amounts of virus as negative. Moreover, all RATs tested failed to detect viral antigens in several specimens from which the virus was isolated. The current RATs will likely miss some COVID-19 patients who are shedding infectious SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiya Yamayoshi
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (Y.S.-T.); (Y.F.); (A.Y.); (M.U.); (S.Y.); (M.I.); (K.I.-H.); (M.I.)
- Correspondence: (S.Y.); (Y.K.)
| | - Yuko Sakai-Tagawa
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (Y.S.-T.); (Y.F.); (A.Y.); (M.U.); (S.Y.); (M.I.); (K.I.-H.); (M.I.)
| | - Michiko Koga
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (M.K.); (M.S.); (K.I.); (H.Y.)
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (E.A.); (H.N.)
| | - Osamu Akasaka
- Emergency Medical Center, Fujisawa City Hospital, Kanagawa 251-8550, Japan;
| | - Ichiro Nakachi
- Pulmonary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Saiseikai Utsunomiya Hospital, Tochigi 321-0974, Japan; (I.N.); (R.B.)
| | - Hidefumi Koh
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tachikawa Hospital, Tokyo 190-8531, Japan; (H.K.); (T.F.); (F.I.)
| | - Kenji Maeda
- Department of Refractory Viral Infections, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan; (K.M.); (S.-i.H.); (H.M.)
| | - Eisuke Adachi
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (E.A.); (H.N.)
| | - Makoto Saito
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (M.K.); (M.S.); (K.I.); (H.Y.)
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (E.A.); (H.N.)
| | - Hiroyuki Nagai
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (E.A.); (H.N.)
| | - Kazuhiko Ikeuchi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (M.K.); (M.S.); (K.I.); (H.Y.)
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (E.A.); (H.N.)
| | - Takayuki Ogura
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care Medicine, Saiseikai Utsunomiya Hospital, Tochigi 321-0974, Japan; (T.O.); (K.F.)
| | - Rie Baba
- Pulmonary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Saiseikai Utsunomiya Hospital, Tochigi 321-0974, Japan; (I.N.); (R.B.)
| | - Kensuke Fujita
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care Medicine, Saiseikai Utsunomiya Hospital, Tochigi 321-0974, Japan; (T.O.); (K.F.)
| | - Takahiro Fukui
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tachikawa Hospital, Tokyo 190-8531, Japan; (H.K.); (T.F.); (F.I.)
| | - Fumimaro Ito
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tachikawa Hospital, Tokyo 190-8531, Japan; (H.K.); (T.F.); (F.I.)
| | - Shin-ichiro Hattori
- Department of Refractory Viral Infections, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan; (K.M.); (S.-i.H.); (H.M.)
| | - Kei Yamamoto
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan; (K.Y.); (T.N.); (N.O.)
| | - Takato Nakamoto
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan; (K.Y.); (T.N.); (N.O.)
| | - Yuri Furusawa
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (Y.S.-T.); (Y.F.); (A.Y.); (M.U.); (S.Y.); (M.I.); (K.I.-H.); (M.I.)
| | - Atsuhiro Yasuhara
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (Y.S.-T.); (Y.F.); (A.Y.); (M.U.); (S.Y.); (M.I.); (K.I.-H.); (M.I.)
| | - Michiko Ujie
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (Y.S.-T.); (Y.F.); (A.Y.); (M.U.); (S.Y.); (M.I.); (K.I.-H.); (M.I.)
| | - Shinya Yamada
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (Y.S.-T.); (Y.F.); (A.Y.); (M.U.); (S.Y.); (M.I.); (K.I.-H.); (M.I.)
| | - Mutsumi Ito
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (Y.S.-T.); (Y.F.); (A.Y.); (M.U.); (S.Y.); (M.I.); (K.I.-H.); (M.I.)
| | - Hiroaki Mitsuya
- Department of Refractory Viral Infections, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan; (K.M.); (S.-i.H.); (H.M.)
| | - Norio Omagari
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Hospital, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan; (K.Y.); (T.N.); (N.O.)
| | - Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (M.K.); (M.S.); (K.I.); (H.Y.)
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (E.A.); (H.N.)
| | - Kiyoko Iwatsuki-Horimoto
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (Y.S.-T.); (Y.F.); (A.Y.); (M.U.); (S.Y.); (M.I.); (K.I.-H.); (M.I.)
| | - Masaki Imai
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (Y.S.-T.); (Y.F.); (A.Y.); (M.U.); (S.Y.); (M.I.); (K.I.-H.); (M.I.)
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (Y.S.-T.); (Y.F.); (A.Y.); (M.U.); (S.Y.); (M.I.); (K.I.-H.); (M.I.)
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Department of Special Pathogens, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Correspondence: (S.Y.); (Y.K.)
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41
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Uwamino Y, Nagata M, Aoki W, Fujimori Y, Nakagawa T, Yokota H, Sakai-Tagawa Y, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Shiraki T, Uchida S, Uno S, Kabata H, Ikemura S, Kamata H, Ishii M, Fukunaga K, Kawaoka Y, Hasegawa N, Murata M. Accuracy and stability of saliva as a sample for reverse transcription PCR detection of SARS-CoV-2. J Clin Pathol 2020; 74:67-68. [PMID: 32928941 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2020-206972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshifumi Uwamino
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan .,Department of Infectious Diseases, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mika Nagata
- Clinical Laboratory, Keio University Hospital, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wataru Aoki
- Clinical Laboratory, Keio University Hospital, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuta Fujimori
- Clinical Laboratory, Keio University Hospital, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Terumichi Nakagawa
- Clinical Laboratory, Keio University Hospital, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Yokota
- Clinical Laboratory, Keio University Hospital, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Sakai-Tagawa
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyoko Iwatsuki-Horimoto
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiki Shiraki
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sho Uchida
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Uno
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kabata
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinnosuke Ikemura
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Kamata
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Ishii
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Fukunaga
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Naoki Hasegawa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Murata
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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42
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Saito M, Adachi E, Yamayoshi S, Koga M, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Kawaoka Y, Yotsuyanagi H. Gargle Lavage as a Safe and Sensitive Alternative to Swab Samples to Diagnose COVID-19: A Case Report in Japan. Clin Infect Dis 2020; 71:893-894. [PMID: 32241023 PMCID: PMC7184508 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Saito
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eisuke Adachi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiya Yamayoshi
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michiko Koga
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyoko Iwatsuki-Horimoto
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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43
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Halfmann PJ, Hatta M, Chiba S, Maemura T, Fan S, Takeda M, Kinoshita N, Hattori SI, Sakai-Tagawa Y, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Imai M, Kawaoka Y. Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Domestic Cats. N Engl J Med 2020; 383:592-594. [PMID: 32402157 PMCID: PMC9678187 DOI: 10.1056/nejmc2013400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 355] [Impact Index Per Article: 88.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Makoto Takeda
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
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Yamamoto M, Kiso M, Sakai-Tagawa Y, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Imai M, Takeda M, Kinoshita N, Ohmagari N, Gohda J, Semba K, Matsuda Z, Kawaguchi Y, Kawaoka Y, Inoue JI. The Anticoagulant Nafamostat Potently Inhibits SARS-CoV-2 S Protein-Mediated Fusion in a Cell Fusion Assay System and Viral Infection In Vitro in a Cell-Type-Dependent Manner. Viruses 2020; 12:E629. [PMID: 32532094 PMCID: PMC7354595 DOI: 10.3390/v12060629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Although infection by SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of coronavirus pneumonia disease (COVID-19), is spreading rapidly worldwide, no drug has been shown to be sufficiently effective for treating COVID-19. We previously found that nafamostat mesylate, an existing drug used for disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), effectively blocked Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) S protein-mediated cell fusion by targeting transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2), and inhibited MERS-CoV infection of human lung epithelium-derived Calu-3 cells. Here we established a quantitative fusion assay dependent on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) S protein, angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and TMPRSS2, and found that nafamostat mesylate potently inhibited the fusion while camostat mesylate was about 10-fold less active. Furthermore, nafamostat mesylate blocked SARS-CoV-2 infection of Calu-3 cells with an effective concentration (EC)50 around 10 nM, which is below its average blood concentration after intravenous administration through continuous infusion. On the other hand, a significantly higher dose (EC50 around 30 mM) was required for VeroE6/TMPRSS2 cells, where the TMPRSS2-independent but cathepsin-dependent endosomal infection pathway likely predominates. Together, our study shows that nafamostat mesylate potently inhibits SARS-CoV-2 S protein-mediated fusion in a cell fusion assay system and also inhibits SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro in a cell-type-dependent manner. These findings, together with accumulated clinical data regarding nafamostat's safety, make it a likely candidate drug to treat COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizuki Yamamoto
- Research Center for Asian Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (M.Y.); (J.G.); (Z.M.); (Y.K.)
| | - Maki Kiso
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (M.K.); (Y.S.-T.); (K.I.-H.); (M.I.); (Y.K.)
| | - Yuko Sakai-Tagawa
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (M.K.); (Y.S.-T.); (K.I.-H.); (M.I.); (Y.K.)
| | - Kiyoko Iwatsuki-Horimoto
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (M.K.); (Y.S.-T.); (K.I.-H.); (M.I.); (Y.K.)
| | - Masaki Imai
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (M.K.); (Y.S.-T.); (K.I.-H.); (M.I.); (Y.K.)
| | - Makoto Takeda
- Department of Virology 3, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan;
| | - Noriko Kinoshita
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan; (N.K.); (N.O.)
| | - Norio Ohmagari
- Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan; (N.K.); (N.O.)
| | - Jin Gohda
- Research Center for Asian Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (M.Y.); (J.G.); (Z.M.); (Y.K.)
| | - Kentaro Semba
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bio-Science, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan;
| | - Zene Matsuda
- Research Center for Asian Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (M.Y.); (J.G.); (Z.M.); (Y.K.)
| | - Yasushi Kawaguchi
- Research Center for Asian Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (M.Y.); (J.G.); (Z.M.); (Y.K.)
- Division of Molecular Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (M.K.); (Y.S.-T.); (K.I.-H.); (M.I.); (Y.K.)
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53711, USA
- Department of Special Pathogens, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Jun-ichiro Inoue
- Research Center for Asian Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (M.Y.); (J.G.); (Z.M.); (Y.K.)
- Senior Professor Office, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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Kato-Miyashita S, Sakai-Tagawa Y, Yamashita M, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Ito M, Tokita A, Hagiwara H, Izumida N, Nishino T, Wada N, Koga M, Adachi E, Jubishi D, Yotsuyanagi H, Kawaoka Y, Imai M. Antigenic variants of influenza B viruses isolated in Japan during the 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 influenza seasons. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2020; 14:311-319. [PMID: 31955521 PMCID: PMC7182600 DOI: 10.1111/irv.12713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Here, we genetically and antigenically analyzed influenza B viruses (IBVs) isolated in Japan during the 2017‐2018 and 2018‐2019 influenza seasons. Methods A total of 68 IBVs (61 B/Yamagata/16/88‐like [B/Yamagata]‐lineage and 7 B/Victoria/2/87‐like [B/Victoria]‐lineage) were antigenically and genetically characterized by using hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assays and phylogenetic analysis, respectively. The susceptibility of IBVs to neuraminidase (NA) inhibitors was assessed by using a fluorescence‐based NA inhibition assay. Results All 61 B/Yamagata‐lineage isolates were genetically closely related to B/Phuket/3073/2013, the vaccine strain for these two seasons. Eleven B/Yamagata‐lineage isolates tested were antigenically similar to B/Phuket/3073/2013 by the HI test. Seven B/Victoria‐lineage isolates were genetically closely related to B/Texas/02/2013, the WHO‐recommended vaccine strain for the 2017‐2018 season; however, they were antigenically distinct from B/Texas/02/2013 with an eightfold or 16‐fold difference in HI titer. Of these 7 isolates, 4 possessed a two‐amino‐acid deletion at positions 162 and 163 in hemagglutinin (HA) and the other 3 had a three‐amino‐acid deletion at positions 162‐164 in HA. Importantly, the variants with the three‐amino‐acid deletion appeared to be antigenically different from the B/Colorado/06/2017 virus with the two‐amino‐acid deletion, the vaccine strain for the 2018‐2019 season with a fourfold or eightfold difference in HI titer. One B/Yamagata‐lineage isolate carrying a G407S mutation in its NA showed a marked reduction in susceptibility to zanamivir, peramivir, and laninamivir. Conclusions These results highlight the need for continued monitoring for the prevalence of the antigenic variant with the three‐amino‐acid deletion and the variant with reduced NA inhibitor susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sari Kato-Miyashita
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Sakai-Tagawa
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Yamashita
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyoko Iwatsuki-Horimoto
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Ito
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akifumi Tokita
- Clinic Bambini, Tokyo, Japan.,Members of the Tokyo Pediatric Association Public Health Committee, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruhisa Hagiwara
- Members of the Tokyo Pediatric Association Public Health Committee, Tokyo, Japan.,Hagiwara Clinic, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naomi Izumida
- Members of the Tokyo Pediatric Association Public Health Committee, Tokyo, Japan.,Akebonocho Clinic, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tamon Nishino
- Members of the Tokyo Pediatric Association Public Health Committee, Tokyo, Japan.,Alpaca Kids Ent Clinic, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Wada
- Members of the Tokyo Pediatric Association Public Health Committee, Tokyo, Japan.,Wada Pediatric Clinic, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michiko Koga
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eisuke Adachi
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of the Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Jubishi
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Nezu Clinic, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of the Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Influenza Research Institute, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Special Pathogens, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Imai
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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46
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Imai M, Yamashita M, Sakai-Tagawa Y, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Kiso M, Murakami J, Yasuhara A, Takada K, Ito M, Nakajima N, Takahashi K, Lopes TJS, Dutta J, Khan Z, Kriti D, van Bakel H, Tokita A, Hagiwara H, Izumida N, Kuroki H, Nishino T, Wada N, Koga M, Adachi E, Jubishi D, Hasegawa H, Kawaoka Y. Influenza A variants with reduced susceptibility to baloxavir isolated from Japanese patients are fit and transmit through respiratory droplets. Nat Microbiol 2019; 5:27-33. [PMID: 31768027 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-019-0609-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Here we report the isolation of the influenza A/H1N1 2009 pandemic (A/H1N1pdm) and A/H3N2 viruses carrying an I38T mutation in the polymerase acidic protein-a mutation that confers reduced susceptibility to baloxavir marboxil-from patients before and after treatment with baloxavir marboxil in Japan. These variants showed replicative abilities and pathogenicity that is similar to those of wild-type isolates in hamsters; they also transmitted efficiently between ferrets by respiratory droplets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Imai
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Makoto Yamashita
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Sakai-Tagawa
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyoko Iwatsuki-Horimoto
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maki Kiso
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jurika Murakami
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Yasuhara
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kosuke Takada
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Ito
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriko Nakajima
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenta Takahashi
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tiago J S Lopes
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jayeeta Dutta
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zenab Khan
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Divya Kriti
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Harm van Bakel
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Akifumi Tokita
- Clinic Bambini, Tokyo, Japan.,Members of the Tokyo Pediatric Association Public Health Committee, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruhisa Hagiwara
- Members of the Tokyo Pediatric Association Public Health Committee, Tokyo, Japan.,Hagiwara Clinic, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naomi Izumida
- Members of the Tokyo Pediatric Association Public Health Committee, Tokyo, Japan.,Akebonocho Clinic, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Tamon Nishino
- Members of the Tokyo Pediatric Association Public Health Committee, Tokyo, Japan.,Alpaca Kids Ent Clinic, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Wada
- Members of the Tokyo Pediatric Association Public Health Committee, Tokyo, Japan.,Wada Pediatric Clinic, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michiko Koga
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eisuke Adachi
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, IMSUT Hospital of the Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Jubishi
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Nezu Clinic, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideki Hasegawa
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.,Influenza Virus Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. .,Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA. .,Department of Special Pathogens, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
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47
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Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Shi J, Wang X, Sakai-Tagawa Y, Ito M, Murakami K, da Silva Lopes TJ, Nakaishi K, Yamayoshi S, Watabe S, Chen H, Kawaoka Y. Development of an Influenza Rapid Diagnostic Kit Specific for the H7 Subtype. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1346. [PMID: 29988537 PMCID: PMC6026626 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the spring of 2013, human infections with H7N9 viruses have been detected in China. Some of these viruses have become highly pathogenic. Highly and low pathogenic avian influenza H7N9 viruses are currently co-circulating with the seasonal influenza A viruses H3N2 and H1N1pdm09. Prompt identification and isolation of H7N9 patients is one measure to prevent the spread of H7N9 virus and help prevent a pandemic. The majority of commercially available point-of-care rapid influenza diagnostic kits can differentiate between influenza A and B viruses, but cannot distinguish between H7N9 viruses and seasonal influenza A viruses. Accordingly, we have developed a rapid diagnostic kit specific for the H7 subtype that is accessible, easy to use. Although the detection limit of this H7 kit is one-tenth lower than that of a commercially available rapid influenza A and B diagnostic kit of similar design, except for the specificity of the monoclonal antibodies used, this kit is highly specific, detecting only H7-subtype influenza viruses, including the recent highly pathogenic H7N9 viruses from humans, and does not show any non-specific reactions with other HA subtypes. This H7 kit will be of value for the early detection of H7N9-infected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoko Iwatsuki-Horimoto
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jianzhong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Xiurong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yuko Sakai-Tagawa
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Ito
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Tiago J da Silva Lopes
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | | | - Seiya Yamayoshi
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Hualan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States.,Department of Special Pathogens, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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48
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Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Nakajima N, Kiso M, Takahashi K, Ito M, Inoue T, Horiuchi M, Okahara N, Sasaki E, Hasegawa H, Kawaoka Y. The Marmoset as an Animal Model of Influenza: Infection With A(H1N1)pdm09 and Highly Pathogenic A(H5N1) Viruses via the Conventional or Tracheal Spray Route. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:844. [PMID: 29867791 PMCID: PMC5954801 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
To control infectious diseases in humans, it is important to understand the pathogenicity of the infecting organism(s). Although non-human primates, such as cynomolgus and rhesus macaques, have been used for influenza virus infection models, their size can limit their use in confined animal facilities. In this study, we investigated the susceptibility of marmosets to influenza viruses to assess the possibility of using these animals as a non-human primate model for influenza research. We first used an influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 virus to compare two inoculation routes: the conventional route, via a combination of the intratracheal, intranasal, ocular, and oral routes; and the tracheal spray route. In marmosets inoculated via the tracheal spray route, we found inflammation throughout the lungs and trachea. In contrast, in marmosets inoculated via the conventional route, the inflammation was confined to roughly the center of the lung. These data suggest that the tracheal spray route may be more suitable than the conventional route to inoculate marmosets with influenza viruses. We also tested an influenza A(H5N1) highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus and found that some marmosets inoculated with this virus via the tracheal spray route showed weight loss, decreased body temperature, and loss of appetite and activity. The replication of this H5N1 virus in respiratory organs was confirmed. These results indicate the potential of marmosets as an animal model for infection with seasonal or HPAI viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoko Iwatsuki-Horimoto
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriko Nakajima
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maki Kiso
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenta Takahashi
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Ito
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Inoue
- Marmoset Research Department, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Machiko Horiuchi
- BioSciences Group, Summit Pharmaceuticals International Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norio Okahara
- Marmoset Research Department, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Erika Sasaki
- Marmoset Research Department, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan.,Keio Advanced Research Center, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideki Hasegawa
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States.,Department of Special Pathogens, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Soni P, Yasuhara A, Takenaga T, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Uraki R, Ito M, Sasaki T, Ikuta K, Yamayoshi S, Kawaoka Y. Evaluation of the fusion partner cell line SPYMEG for obtaining human monoclonal antibodies against influenza B virus. J Vet Med Sci 2018; 80:1020-1024. [PMID: 29669959 PMCID: PMC6021880 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.18-0146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza B virus has been known to infect humans and other animals, including seals.
Vaccination efficacy varies across seasons. Human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) can be
useful for developing novel vaccines, guided by epitope analysis, and can be used
therapeutically. Hybridoma technology has been used to make mAbs. Here we evaluated SPYMEG
as a fusion partner cell line for human mAb generation specific to influenza B
hemagglutinin (HA). SPYMEG is a human/murine myeloma partner cell line that has previously
been used to generate human mAbs that recognize the HA of influenza A and B viruses.
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were obtained from 16 volunteers, previously vaccinated
with the 2014–2015 trivalent seasonal influenza vaccine, and were fused with SPYMEG to
yield hybridomas. The resulting hybridomas were screened for antigen-specific antibody
secretion and cloned by limiting dilution. We obtained 32 stable clones secreting
anti-influenza B HA human IgG, although most of these clones were obtained from one
volunteer (SeaV-29) who had a robust immune response. We conclude that SPYMEG is a good
fusion partner cell line, although cloning by limiting dilution may lead to significant
loss of hybridomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Soni
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Yasuhara
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Toru Takenaga
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Kiyoko Iwatsuki-Horimoto
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Ryuta Uraki
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Ito
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Tadahiro Sasaki
- Department of Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Ikuta
- Department of Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Seiya Yamayoshi
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan.,Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53711, U.S.A.,Department of Special Pathogens, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan.,ERATO Infection-Induced Host Responses Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
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Imai M, Watanabe T, Kiso M, Nakajima N, Yamayoshi S, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Hatta M, Yamada S, Ito M, Sakai-Tagawa Y, Shirakura M, Takashita E, Fujisaki S, McBride R, Thompson AJ, Takahashi K, Maemura T, Mitake H, Chiba S, Zhong G, Fan S, Oishi K, Yasuhara A, Takada K, Nakao T, Fukuyama S, Yamashita M, Lopes TJS, Neumann G, Odagiri T, Watanabe S, Shu Y, Paulson JC, Hasegawa H, Kawaoka Y. A Highly Pathogenic Avian H7N9 Influenza Virus Isolated from A Human Is Lethal in Some Ferrets Infected via Respiratory Droplets. Cell Host Microbe 2017; 22:615-626.e8. [PMID: 29056430 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2017.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Low pathogenic H7N9 influenza viruses have recently evolved to become highly pathogenic, raising concerns of a pandemic, particularly if these viruses acquire efficient human-to-human transmissibility. We compared a low pathogenic H7N9 virus with a highly pathogenic isolate, and two of its variants that represent neuraminidase inhibitor-sensitive and -resistant subpopulations detected within the isolate. The highly pathogenic H7N9 viruses replicated efficiently in mice, ferrets, and/or nonhuman primates, and were more pathogenic in mice and ferrets than the low pathogenic H7N9 virus, with the exception of the neuraminidase inhibitor-resistant virus, which showed mild-to-moderate attenuation. All viruses transmitted among ferrets via respiratory droplets, and the neuraminidase-sensitive variant killed several of the infected and exposed animals. Neuraminidase inhibitors showed limited effectiveness against these viruses in vivo, but the viruses were susceptible to a polymerase inhibitor. These results suggest that the highly pathogenic H7N9 virus has pandemic potential and should be closely monitored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Imai
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan.
| | - Tokiko Watanabe
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Maki Kiso
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Noriko Nakajima
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Seiya Yamayoshi
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Kiyoko Iwatsuki-Horimoto
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Masato Hatta
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53711, USA
| | - Shinya Yamada
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Ito
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Yuko Sakai-Tagawa
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Masayuki Shirakura
- Influenza Virus Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan
| | - Emi Takashita
- Influenza Virus Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Fujisaki
- Influenza Virus Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan
| | - Ryan McBride
- Departments of Molecular Medicine & Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Andrew J Thompson
- Departments of Molecular Medicine & Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Kenta Takahashi
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Tadashi Maemura
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Mitake
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Shiho Chiba
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53711, USA
| | - Gongxun Zhong
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53711, USA
| | - Shufang Fan
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53711, USA
| | - Kohei Oishi
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Yasuhara
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Kosuke Takada
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Tomomi Nakao
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fukuyama
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Makoto Yamashita
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Tiago J S Lopes
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53711, USA
| | - Gabriele Neumann
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53711, USA
| | - Takato Odagiri
- Influenza Virus Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan
| | - Shinji Watanabe
- Influenza Virus Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan
| | - Yuelong Shu
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - James C Paulson
- Departments of Molecular Medicine & Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Hideki Hasegawa
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53711, USA; Department of Special Pathogens, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan.
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