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Abe H, Abe S, Acciari VA, Aniello T, Ansoldi S, Antonelli LA, Arbet Engels A, Arcaro C, Artero M, Asano K, Baack D, Babić A, Baquero A, Barres de Almeida U, Barrio JA, Batković I, Baxter J, Becerra González J, Bednarek W, Bernardini E, Bernardos M, Berti A, Besenrieder J, Bhattacharyya W, Bigongiari C, Biland A, Blanch O, Bonnoli G, Bošnjak Ž, Burelli I, Busetto G, Carosi R, Carretero-Castrillo M, Ceribella G, Chai Y, Chilingarian A, Cikota S, Colombo E, Contreras JL, Cortina J, Covino S, D'Amico G, D'Elia V, Da Vela P, Dazzi F, De Angelis A, De Lotto B, Del Popolo A, Delfino M, Delgado J, Delgado Mendez C, Depaoli D, Di Pierro F, Di Venere L, Do Souto Espiñeira E, Dominis Prester D, Donini A, Dorner D, Doro M, Elsaesser D, Emery G, Fallah Ramazani V, Fariña L, Fattorini A, Font L, Fruck C, Fukami S, Fukazawa Y, García López RJ, Garczarczyk M, Gasparyan S, Gaug M, Giesbrecht Paiva JG, Giglietto N, Giordano F, Gliwny P, Godinović N, Green JG, Green D, Hadasch D, Hahn A, Hassan T, Heckmann L, Herrera J, Hrupec D, Hütten M, Imazawa R, Inada T, Iotov R, Ishio K, Jiménez Martínez I, Jormanainen J, Kerszberg D, Kobayashi Y, Kubo H, Kushida J, Lamastra A, Lelas D, Leone F, Lindfors E, Linhoff L, Lombardi S, Longo F, López-Coto R, López-Moya M, López-Oramas A, Loporchio S, Lorini A, Lyard E, Machado de Oliveira Fraga B, Majumdar P, Makariev M, Maneva G, Mang N, Manganaro M, Mangano S, Mannheim K, Mariotti M, Martínez M, Mas Aguilar A, Mazin D, Menchiari S, Mender S, Mićanović S, Miceli D, Miener T, Miranda JM, Mirzoyan R, Molina E, Mondal HA, Moralejo A, Morcuende D, Moreno V, Nakamori T, Nanci C, Nava L, Neustroev V, Nievas Rosillo M, Nigro C, Nilsson K, Nishijima K, Njoh Ekoume T, Noda K, Nozaki S, Ohtani Y, Oka T, Otero-Santos J, Paiano S, Palatiello M, Paneque D, Paoletti R, Paredes JM, Pavletić L, Persic M, Pihet M, Podobnik F, Prada Moroni PG, Prandini E, Principe G, Priyadarshi C, Puljak I, Rhode W, Ribó M, Rico J, Righi C, Rugliancich A, Sahakyan N, Saito T, Sakurai S, Satalecka K, Saturni FG, Schleicher B, Schmidt K, Schmuckermaier F, Schubert JL, Schweizer T, Sitarek J, Sliusar V, Sobczynska D, Spolon A, Stamerra A, Strišković J, Strom D, Strzys M, Suda Y, Surić T, Takahashi M, Takeishi R, Tavecchio F, Temnikov P, Terauchi K, Terzić T, Teshima M, Tosti L, Truzzi S, Tutone A, Ubach S, van Scherpenberg J, Vazquez Acosta M, Ventura S, Verguilov V, Viale I, Vigorito CF, Vitale V, Vovk I, Walter R, Will M, Wunderlich C, Yamamoto T, Zarić D, Hiroshima N, Kohri K. Search for Gamma-Ray Spectral Lines from Dark Matter Annihilation up to 100 TeV toward the Galactic Center with MAGIC. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:061002. [PMID: 36827578 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.061002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Linelike features in TeV γ rays constitute a "smoking gun" for TeV-scale particle dark matter and new physics. Probing the Galactic Center region with ground-based Cherenkov telescopes enables the search for TeV spectral features in immediate association with a dense dark matter reservoir at a sensitivity out of reach for satellite γ-ray detectors, and direct detection and collider experiments. We report on 223 hours of observations of the Galactic Center region with the MAGIC stereoscopic telescope system reaching γ-ray energies up to 100 TeV. We improved the sensitivity to spectral lines at high energies using large-zenith-angle observations and a novel background modeling method within a maximum-likelihood analysis in the energy domain. No linelike spectral feature is found in our analysis. Therefore, we constrain the cross section for dark matter annihilation into two photons to ⟨σv⟩≲5×10^{-28} cm^{3} s^{-1} at 1 TeV and ⟨σv⟩≲1×10^{-25} cm^{3} s^{-1} at 100 TeV, achieving the best limits to date for a dark matter mass above 20 TeV and a cuspy dark matter profile at the Galactic Center. Finally, we use the derived limits for both cuspy and cored dark matter profiles to constrain supersymmetric wino models.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Abe
- Japanese MAGIC Group: Institute for Cosmic Ray Research (ICRR), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan
| | - S Abe
- Japanese MAGIC Group: Institute for Cosmic Ray Research (ICRR), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan
| | - V A Acciari
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - T Aniello
- National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
| | - S Ansoldi
- Università di Udine and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - L A Antonelli
- National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
| | - A Arbet Engels
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - C Arcaro
- Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - M Artero
- Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - K Asano
- Japanese MAGIC Group: Institute for Cosmic Ray Research (ICRR), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan
| | - D Baack
- Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - A Babić
- Croatian MAGIC Group: University of Zagreb, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing (FER), 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - A Baquero
- IPARCOS Institute and EMFTEL Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - U Barres de Almeida
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), 22290-180 URCA, Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil
| | - J A Barrio
- IPARCOS Institute and EMFTEL Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - I Batković
- Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - J Baxter
- Japanese MAGIC Group: Institute for Cosmic Ray Research (ICRR), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan
| | - J Becerra González
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - W Bednarek
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, Department of Astrophysics, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - E Bernardini
- Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - M Bernardos
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC, Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - A Berti
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - J Besenrieder
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - W Bhattacharyya
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - C Bigongiari
- National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
| | - A Biland
- ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - O Blanch
- Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - G Bonnoli
- National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
| | - Ž Bošnjak
- Croatian MAGIC Group: University of Zagreb, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing (FER), 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - I Burelli
- Università di Udine and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - G Busetto
- Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - R Carosi
- Università di Pisa and INFN Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - G Ceribella
- Japanese MAGIC Group: Institute for Cosmic Ray Research (ICRR), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan
| | - Y Chai
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - A Chilingarian
- Armenian MAGIC Group: A. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory, 0036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - S Cikota
- Croatian MAGIC Group: University of Zagreb, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing (FER), 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - E Colombo
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - J L Contreras
- IPARCOS Institute and EMFTEL Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Cortina
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - S Covino
- National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
| | - G D'Amico
- Department for Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - V D'Elia
- National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
| | - P Da Vela
- Università di Pisa and INFN Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - F Dazzi
- National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
| | - A De Angelis
- Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - B De Lotto
- Università di Udine and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - A Del Popolo
- INFN MAGIC Group: INFN Sezione di Catania and Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - M Delfino
- Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - J Delgado
- Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - C Delgado Mendez
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - D Depaoli
- INFN MAGIC Group: INFN Sezione di Torino and Università degli Studi di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - F Di Pierro
- INFN MAGIC Group: INFN Sezione di Torino and Università degli Studi di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - L Di Venere
- INFN MAGIC Group: INFN Sezione di Bari and Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica dell'Università e del Politecnico di Bari, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - E Do Souto Espiñeira
- Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - D Dominis Prester
- Croatian MAGIC Group: University of Rijeka, Department of Physics, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - A Donini
- National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
| | - D Dorner
- Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - M Doro
- Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - D Elsaesser
- Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - G Emery
- University of Geneva, Chemin d'Ecogia 16, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland
| | - V Fallah Ramazani
- Finnish MAGIC Group: Finnish Centre for Astronomy with ESO, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - L Fariña
- Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - A Fattorini
- Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - L Font
- Departament de Física, and CERES-IEEC, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - C Fruck
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - S Fukami
- ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Y Fukazawa
- Japanese MAGIC Group: Physics Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 739-8526 Hiroshima, Japan
| | - R J García López
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - M Garczarczyk
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - S Gasparyan
- Armenian MAGIC Group: ICRANet-Armenia at NAS RA, 0019 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - M Gaug
- Departament de Física, and CERES-IEEC, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - J G Giesbrecht Paiva
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), 22290-180 URCA, Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil
| | - N Giglietto
- INFN MAGIC Group: INFN Sezione di Bari and Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica dell'Università e del Politecnico di Bari, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - F Giordano
- INFN MAGIC Group: INFN Sezione di Bari and Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica dell'Università e del Politecnico di Bari, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - P Gliwny
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, Department of Astrophysics, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - N Godinović
- Croatian MAGIC Group: University of Split, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture (FESB), 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - J G Green
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - D Green
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - D Hadasch
- Japanese MAGIC Group: Institute for Cosmic Ray Research (ICRR), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan
| | - A Hahn
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - T Hassan
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - L Heckmann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - J Herrera
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - D Hrupec
- Croatian MAGIC Group: Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Department of Physics, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - M Hütten
- Japanese MAGIC Group: Institute for Cosmic Ray Research (ICRR), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan
| | - R Imazawa
- Japanese MAGIC Group: Physics Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 739-8526 Hiroshima, Japan
| | - T Inada
- Japanese MAGIC Group: Institute for Cosmic Ray Research (ICRR), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan
| | - R Iotov
- Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - K Ishio
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, Department of Astrophysics, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - I Jiménez Martínez
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Jormanainen
- Finnish MAGIC Group: Finnish Centre for Astronomy with ESO, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - D Kerszberg
- Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Y Kobayashi
- Japanese MAGIC Group: Institute for Cosmic Ray Research (ICRR), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan
| | - H Kubo
- Japanese MAGIC Group: Institute for Cosmic Ray Research (ICRR), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan
| | - J Kushida
- Japanese MAGIC Group: Department of Physics, Tokai University, Hiratsuka, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan
| | - A Lamastra
- National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
| | - D Lelas
- Croatian MAGIC Group: University of Split, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture (FESB), 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - F Leone
- National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
| | - E Lindfors
- Finnish MAGIC Group: Finnish Centre for Astronomy with ESO, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - L Linhoff
- Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - S Lombardi
- National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
| | - F Longo
- Università di Udine and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - R López-Coto
- Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - M López-Moya
- IPARCOS Institute and EMFTEL Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A López-Oramas
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - S Loporchio
- INFN MAGIC Group: INFN Sezione di Bari and Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica dell'Università e del Politecnico di Bari, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - A Lorini
- Università di Siena and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy
| | - E Lyard
- University of Geneva, Chemin d'Ecogia 16, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland
| | | | - P Majumdar
- Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, A CI of Homi Bhabha National Institute, Kolkata 700064, West Bengal, India
| | - M Makariev
- Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - G Maneva
- Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - N Mang
- Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - M Manganaro
- Croatian MAGIC Group: University of Rijeka, Department of Physics, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - S Mangano
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - K Mannheim
- Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - M Mariotti
- Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - M Martínez
- Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - A Mas Aguilar
- IPARCOS Institute and EMFTEL Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - D Mazin
- Japanese MAGIC Group: Institute for Cosmic Ray Research (ICRR), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - S Menchiari
- Università di Siena and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy
| | - S Mender
- Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - S Mićanović
- Croatian MAGIC Group: University of Rijeka, Department of Physics, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - D Miceli
- Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - T Miener
- IPARCOS Institute and EMFTEL Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J M Miranda
- Università di Siena and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy
| | - R Mirzoyan
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - E Molina
- Universitat de Barcelona, ICCUB, IEEC-UB, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - H A Mondal
- Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, A CI of Homi Bhabha National Institute, Kolkata 700064, West Bengal, India
| | - A Moralejo
- Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - D Morcuende
- IPARCOS Institute and EMFTEL Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - V Moreno
- Departament de Física, and CERES-IEEC, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - T Nakamori
- Japanese MAGIC Group: Department of Physics, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-8560, Japan
| | - C Nanci
- National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
| | - L Nava
- National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
| | - V Neustroev
- Finnish MAGIC Group: Space Physics and Astronomy Research Unit, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - M Nievas Rosillo
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - C Nigro
- Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - K Nilsson
- Finnish MAGIC Group: Finnish Centre for Astronomy with ESO, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - K Nishijima
- Japanese MAGIC Group: Department of Physics, Tokai University, Hiratsuka, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan
| | - T Njoh Ekoume
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - K Noda
- Japanese MAGIC Group: Institute for Cosmic Ray Research (ICRR), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan
| | - S Nozaki
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - Y Ohtani
- Japanese MAGIC Group: Institute for Cosmic Ray Research (ICRR), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan
| | - T Oka
- Japanese MAGIC Group: Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan
| | - J Otero-Santos
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - S Paiano
- National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
| | - M Palatiello
- Università di Udine and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - D Paneque
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - R Paoletti
- Università di Siena and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy
| | - J M Paredes
- Universitat de Barcelona, ICCUB, IEEC-UB, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Pavletić
- Croatian MAGIC Group: University of Rijeka, Department of Physics, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - M Persic
- Università di Udine and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - M Pihet
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - F Podobnik
- Università di Siena and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy
| | | | - E Prandini
- Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - G Principe
- Università di Udine and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - C Priyadarshi
- Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - I Puljak
- Croatian MAGIC Group: University of Split, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture (FESB), 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - W Rhode
- Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - M Ribó
- Universitat de Barcelona, ICCUB, IEEC-UB, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Rico
- Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - C Righi
- National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
| | - A Rugliancich
- Università di Pisa and INFN Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - N Sahakyan
- Armenian MAGIC Group: ICRANet-Armenia at NAS RA, 0019 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - T Saito
- Japanese MAGIC Group: Institute for Cosmic Ray Research (ICRR), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan
| | - S Sakurai
- Japanese MAGIC Group: Institute for Cosmic Ray Research (ICRR), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan
| | - K Satalecka
- Finnish MAGIC Group: Finnish Centre for Astronomy with ESO, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - F G Saturni
- National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
| | | | - K Schmidt
- Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | | | - J L Schubert
- Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - T Schweizer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - J Sitarek
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, Department of Astrophysics, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - V Sliusar
- University of Geneva, Chemin d'Ecogia 16, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland
| | - D Sobczynska
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, Department of Astrophysics, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - A Spolon
- Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - A Stamerra
- National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
| | - J Strišković
- Croatian MAGIC Group: Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Department of Physics, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - D Strom
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - M Strzys
- Japanese MAGIC Group: Institute for Cosmic Ray Research (ICRR), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan
| | - Y Suda
- Japanese MAGIC Group: Physics Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 739-8526 Hiroshima, Japan
| | - T Surić
- Croatian MAGIC Group: Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - M Takahashi
- Japanese MAGIC Group: Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research and Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute for the Origin of Particles and the Universe, Nagoya University, 464-6801 Nagoya, Japan
| | - R Takeishi
- Japanese MAGIC Group: Institute for Cosmic Ray Research (ICRR), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan
| | - F Tavecchio
- National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
| | - P Temnikov
- Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - K Terauchi
- Japanese MAGIC Group: Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Terzić
- Croatian MAGIC Group: University of Rijeka, Department of Physics, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - M Teshima
- Japanese MAGIC Group: Institute for Cosmic Ray Research (ICRR), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - L Tosti
- INFN MAGIC Group: INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - S Truzzi
- Università di Siena and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy
| | - A Tutone
- National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
| | - S Ubach
- Departament de Física, and CERES-IEEC, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | | | - M Vazquez Acosta
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - S Ventura
- Università di Siena and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy
| | - V Verguilov
- Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - I Viale
- Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - C F Vigorito
- INFN MAGIC Group: INFN Sezione di Torino and Università degli Studi di Torino, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - V Vitale
- INFN MAGIC Group: INFN Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Roma, Italy
| | - I Vovk
- Japanese MAGIC Group: Institute for Cosmic Ray Research (ICRR), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan
| | - R Walter
- University of Geneva, Chemin d'Ecogia 16, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland
| | - M Will
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - C Wunderlich
- Università di Siena and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy
| | - T Yamamoto
- Japanese MAGIC Group: Department of Physics, Konan University, Kobe, Hyogo 658-8501, Japan
| | - D Zarić
- Croatian MAGIC Group: University of Split, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture (FESB), 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - N Hiroshima
- Department of Physics, University of Toyama, 3190 Gofuku, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
- RIKEN iTHEMS, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - K Kohri
- Theory Center, IPNS, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
- The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
- Kavli IPMU (WPI), UTIAS, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
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Acciari VA, Ansoldi S, Antonelli LA, Arbet Engels A, Baack D, Babić A, Banerjee B, Barres de Almeida U, Barrio JA, Becerra González J, Bednarek W, Bellizzi L, Bernardini E, Berti A, Besenrieder J, Bhattacharyya W, Bigongiari C, Biland A, Blanch O, Bonnoli G, Bošnjak Ž, Busetto G, Carosi R, Ceribella G, Cerruti M, Chai Y, Chilingarian A, Cikota S, Colak SM, Colin U, Colombo E, Contreras JL, Cortina J, Covino S, D'Amico G, D'Elia V, Da Vela P, Dazzi F, De Angelis A, De Lotto B, Delfino M, Delgado J, Depaoli D, Di Pierro F, Di Venere L, Do Souto Espiñeira E, Dominis Prester D, Donini A, Dorner D, Doro M, Elsaesser D, Fallah Ramazani V, Fattorini A, Ferrara G, Foffano L, Fonseca MV, Font L, Fruck C, Fukami S, García López RJ, Garczarczyk M, Gasparyan S, Gaug M, Giglietto N, Giordano F, Gliwny P, Godinović N, Green D, Hadasch D, Hahn A, Herrera J, Hoang J, Hrupec D, Hütten M, Inada T, Inoue S, Ishio K, Iwamura Y, Jouvin L, Kajiwara Y, Karjalainen M, Kerszberg D, Kobayashi Y, Kubo H, Kushida J, Lamastra A, Lelas D, Leone F, Lindfors E, Lombardi S, Longo F, López M, López-Coto R, López-Oramas A, Loporchio S, Machado de Oliveira Fraga B, Maggio C, Majumdar P, Makariev M, Mallamaci M, Maneva G, Manganaro M, Mannheim K, Maraschi L, Mariotti M, Martínez M, Mazin D, Mender S, Mićanović S, Miceli D, Miener T, Minev M, Miranda JM, Mirzoyan R, Molina E, Moralejo A, Morcuende D, Moreno V, Moretti E, Munar-Adrover P, Neustroev V, Nigro C, Nilsson K, Ninci D, Nishijima K, Noda K, Nogués L, Nozaki S, Ohtani Y, Oka T, Otero-Santos J, Palatiello M, Paneque D, Paoletti R, Paredes JM, Pavletić L, Peñil P, Perennes C, Peresano M, Persic M, Prada Moroni PG, Prandini E, Puljak I, Rhode W, Ribó M, Rico J, Righi C, Rugliancich A, Saha L, Sahakyan N, Saito T, Sakurai S, Satalecka K, Schleicher B, Schmidt K, Schweizer T, Sitarek J, Šnidarić I, Sobczynska D, Spolon A, Stamerra A, Strom D, Strzys M, Suda Y, Surić T, Takahashi M, Tavecchio F, Temnikov P, Terzić T, Teshima M, Torres-Albà N, Tosti L, van Scherpenberg J, Vanzo G, Vazquez Acosta M, Ventura S, Verguilov V, Vigorito CF, Vitale V, Vovk I, Will M, Zarić D, Nava L. Bounds on Lorentz Invariance Violation from MAGIC Observation of GRB 190114C. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:021301. [PMID: 32701326 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.021301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
On January 14, 2019, the Major Atmospheric Gamma Imaging Cherenkov telescopes detected GRB 190114C above 0.2 TeV, recording the most energetic photons ever observed from a gamma-ray burst. We use this unique observation to probe an energy dependence of the speed of light in vacuo for photons as predicted by several quantum gravity models. Based on a set of assumptions on the possible intrinsic spectral and temporal evolution, we obtain competitive lower limits on the quadratic leading order of speed of light modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- V A Acciari
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, and Universidad de La Laguna, Departamento de Astrofísica, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - S Ansoldi
- Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy
- Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR, The University of Tokyo, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan; Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan; Tokai University, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan; RIKEN, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
| | - L A Antonelli
- National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
| | | | - D Baack
- Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - A Babić
- Croatian Consortium: University of Rijeka, Department of Physics, 51000 Rijeka; University of Split-FESB, 21000 Split; University of Zagreb-FER, 10000 Zagreb; University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek; Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - B Banerjee
- Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, HBNI, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Salt Lake, Sector-1, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - U Barres de Almeida
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fsicas (CBPF), 22290-180 URCA, Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brasil
| | - J A Barrio
- IPARCOS Institute and EMFTEL Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Becerra González
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, and Universidad de La Laguna, Departamento de Astrofísica, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - W Bednarek
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, Department of Astrophysics, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - L Bellizzi
- Università di Siena and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy
| | - E Bernardini
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
- Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - A Berti
- Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare (INFN), 00044 Frascati (Roma) Italy
| | - J Besenrieder
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - W Bhattacharyya
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - C Bigongiari
- National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
| | - A Biland
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - O Blanch
- Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - G Bonnoli
- Università di Siena and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Ž Bošnjak
- Croatian Consortium: University of Rijeka, Department of Physics, 51000 Rijeka; University of Split-FESB, 21000 Split; University of Zagreb-FER, 10000 Zagreb; University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek; Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - G Busetto
- Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - R Carosi
- Università di Pisa, and INFN Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - G Ceribella
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - M Cerruti
- Universitat de Barcelona, ICCUB, IEEC-UB, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Y Chai
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - A Chilingarian
- The Armenian Consortium: ICRANet-Armenia at NAS RA, A. Alikhanyan National Laboratory
| | - S Cikota
- Croatian Consortium: University of Rijeka, Department of Physics, 51000 Rijeka; University of Split-FESB, 21000 Split; University of Zagreb-FER, 10000 Zagreb; University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek; Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - S M Colak
- Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - U Colin
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - E Colombo
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, and Universidad de La Laguna, Departamento de Astrofísica, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - J L Contreras
- IPARCOS Institute and EMFTEL Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Cortina
- Centro de Investigaciones Energticas, Medioambientales y Tecnolgicas, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - S Covino
- National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
| | - G D'Amico
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - V D'Elia
- National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
| | - P Da Vela
- Università di Pisa, and INFN Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - F Dazzi
- National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
| | - A De Angelis
- Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - B De Lotto
- Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - M Delfino
- Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - J Delgado
- Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - D Depaoli
- Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare (INFN), 00044 Frascati (Roma) Italy
| | - F Di Pierro
- Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare (INFN), 00044 Frascati (Roma) Italy
| | - L Di Venere
- Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare (INFN), 00044 Frascati (Roma) Italy
| | - E Do Souto Espiñeira
- Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - D Dominis Prester
- Croatian Consortium: University of Rijeka, Department of Physics, 51000 Rijeka; University of Split-FESB, 21000 Split; University of Zagreb-FER, 10000 Zagreb; University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek; Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - A Donini
- Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - D Dorner
- Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - M Doro
- Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - D Elsaesser
- Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - V Fallah Ramazani
- Finnish MAGIC Consortium: Finnish Centre of Astronomy with ESO (FINCA), University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland; Astronomy Research Unit, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - A Fattorini
- Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - G Ferrara
- National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
| | - L Foffano
- Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - M V Fonseca
- IPARCOS Institute and EMFTEL Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - L Font
- Departament de Física, and CERES-IEEC, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - C Fruck
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - S Fukami
- Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR, The University of Tokyo, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan; Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan; Tokai University, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan; RIKEN, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
| | - R J García López
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, and Universidad de La Laguna, Departamento de Astrofísica, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - M Garczarczyk
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - S Gasparyan
- The Armenian Consortium: ICRANet-Armenia at NAS RA, A. Alikhanyan National Laboratory
| | - M Gaug
- Departament de Física, and CERES-IEEC, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - N Giglietto
- Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare (INFN), 00044 Frascati (Roma) Italy
| | - F Giordano
- Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare (INFN), 00044 Frascati (Roma) Italy
| | - P Gliwny
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, Department of Astrophysics, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - N Godinović
- Croatian Consortium: University of Rijeka, Department of Physics, 51000 Rijeka; University of Split-FESB, 21000 Split; University of Zagreb-FER, 10000 Zagreb; University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek; Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - D Green
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - D Hadasch
- Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR, The University of Tokyo, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan; Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan; Tokai University, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan; RIKEN, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
| | - A Hahn
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - J Herrera
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, and Universidad de La Laguna, Departamento de Astrofísica, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - J Hoang
- IPARCOS Institute and EMFTEL Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - D Hrupec
- Croatian Consortium: University of Rijeka, Department of Physics, 51000 Rijeka; University of Split-FESB, 21000 Split; University of Zagreb-FER, 10000 Zagreb; University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek; Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - M Hütten
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - T Inada
- Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR, The University of Tokyo, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan; Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan; Tokai University, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan; RIKEN, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
| | - S Inoue
- Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR, The University of Tokyo, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan; Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan; Tokai University, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan; RIKEN, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
| | - K Ishio
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - Y Iwamura
- Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR, The University of Tokyo, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan; Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan; Tokai University, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan; RIKEN, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
| | - L Jouvin
- Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Y Kajiwara
- Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR, The University of Tokyo, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan; Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan; Tokai University, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan; RIKEN, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
| | - M Karjalainen
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, and Universidad de La Laguna, Departamento de Astrofísica, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - D Kerszberg
- Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Y Kobayashi
- Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR, The University of Tokyo, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan; Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan; Tokai University, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan; RIKEN, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
| | - H Kubo
- Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR, The University of Tokyo, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan; Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan; Tokai University, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan; RIKEN, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
| | - J Kushida
- Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR, The University of Tokyo, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan; Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan; Tokai University, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan; RIKEN, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
| | - A Lamastra
- National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
| | - D Lelas
- Croatian Consortium: University of Rijeka, Department of Physics, 51000 Rijeka; University of Split-FESB, 21000 Split; University of Zagreb-FER, 10000 Zagreb; University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek; Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - F Leone
- National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
| | - E Lindfors
- Finnish MAGIC Consortium: Finnish Centre of Astronomy with ESO (FINCA), University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland; Astronomy Research Unit, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - S Lombardi
- National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
| | - F Longo
- Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy
- Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - M López
- IPARCOS Institute and EMFTEL Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - R López-Coto
- Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - A López-Oramas
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, and Universidad de La Laguna, Departamento de Astrofísica, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - S Loporchio
- Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare (INFN), 00044 Frascati (Roma) Italy
| | | | - C Maggio
- Departament de Física, and CERES-IEEC, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - P Majumdar
- Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, HBNI, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Salt Lake, Sector-1, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - M Makariev
- Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - M Mallamaci
- Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - G Maneva
- Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - M Manganaro
- Croatian Consortium: University of Rijeka, Department of Physics, 51000 Rijeka; University of Split-FESB, 21000 Split; University of Zagreb-FER, 10000 Zagreb; University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek; Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - K Mannheim
- Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - L Maraschi
- National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
| | - M Mariotti
- Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - M Martínez
- Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - D Mazin
- Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR, The University of Tokyo, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan; Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan; Tokai University, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan; RIKEN, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - S Mender
- Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - S Mićanović
- Croatian Consortium: University of Rijeka, Department of Physics, 51000 Rijeka; University of Split-FESB, 21000 Split; University of Zagreb-FER, 10000 Zagreb; University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek; Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - D Miceli
- Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - T Miener
- IPARCOS Institute and EMFTEL Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Minev
- Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - J M Miranda
- Università di Siena and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy
| | - R Mirzoyan
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - E Molina
- Universitat de Barcelona, ICCUB, IEEC-UB, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Moralejo
- Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - D Morcuende
- IPARCOS Institute and EMFTEL Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - V Moreno
- Departament de Física, and CERES-IEEC, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - E Moretti
- Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - P Munar-Adrover
- Departament de Física, and CERES-IEEC, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - V Neustroev
- Finnish MAGIC Consortium: Finnish Centre of Astronomy with ESO (FINCA), University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland; Astronomy Research Unit, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - C Nigro
- Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - K Nilsson
- Finnish MAGIC Consortium: Finnish Centre of Astronomy with ESO (FINCA), University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland; Astronomy Research Unit, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - D Ninci
- Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - K Nishijima
- Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR, The University of Tokyo, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan; Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan; Tokai University, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan; RIKEN, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
| | - K Noda
- Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR, The University of Tokyo, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan; Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan; Tokai University, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan; RIKEN, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
| | - L Nogués
- Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - S Nozaki
- Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR, The University of Tokyo, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan; Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan; Tokai University, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan; RIKEN, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
| | - Y Ohtani
- Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR, The University of Tokyo, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan; Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan; Tokai University, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan; RIKEN, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
| | - T Oka
- Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR, The University of Tokyo, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan; Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan; Tokai University, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan; RIKEN, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
| | - J Otero-Santos
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, and Universidad de La Laguna, Departamento de Astrofísica, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - M Palatiello
- Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - D Paneque
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - R Paoletti
- Università di Siena and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy
| | - J M Paredes
- Universitat de Barcelona, ICCUB, IEEC-UB, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Pavletić
- Croatian Consortium: University of Rijeka, Department of Physics, 51000 Rijeka; University of Split-FESB, 21000 Split; University of Zagreb-FER, 10000 Zagreb; University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek; Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - P Peñil
- IPARCOS Institute and EMFTEL Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - C Perennes
- Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - M Peresano
- Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - M Persic
- Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | | | - E Prandini
- Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - I Puljak
- Croatian Consortium: University of Rijeka, Department of Physics, 51000 Rijeka; University of Split-FESB, 21000 Split; University of Zagreb-FER, 10000 Zagreb; University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek; Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - W Rhode
- Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - M Ribó
- Universitat de Barcelona, ICCUB, IEEC-UB, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Rico
- Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - C Righi
- National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
| | - A Rugliancich
- Università di Pisa, and INFN Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - L Saha
- IPARCOS Institute and EMFTEL Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - N Sahakyan
- The Armenian Consortium: ICRANet-Armenia at NAS RA, A. Alikhanyan National Laboratory
| | - T Saito
- Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR, The University of Tokyo, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan; Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan; Tokai University, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan; RIKEN, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
| | - S Sakurai
- Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR, The University of Tokyo, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan; Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan; Tokai University, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan; RIKEN, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
| | - K Satalecka
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | | | - K Schmidt
- Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - T Schweizer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - J Sitarek
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, Department of Astrophysics, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - I Šnidarić
- Croatian Consortium: University of Rijeka, Department of Physics, 51000 Rijeka; University of Split-FESB, 21000 Split; University of Zagreb-FER, 10000 Zagreb; University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek; Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - D Sobczynska
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics, Department of Astrophysics, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - A Spolon
- Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - A Stamerra
- National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
| | - D Strom
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - M Strzys
- Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR, The University of Tokyo, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan; Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan; Tokai University, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan; RIKEN, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
| | - Y Suda
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - T Surić
- Croatian Consortium: University of Rijeka, Department of Physics, 51000 Rijeka; University of Split-FESB, 21000 Split; University of Zagreb-FER, 10000 Zagreb; University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek; Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - M Takahashi
- Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR, The University of Tokyo, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan; Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan; Tokai University, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan; RIKEN, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
| | - F Tavecchio
- National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), I-00136 Rome, Italy
| | - P Temnikov
- Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - T Terzić
- Croatian Consortium: University of Rijeka, Department of Physics, 51000 Rijeka; University of Split-FESB, 21000 Split; University of Zagreb-FER, 10000 Zagreb; University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek; Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - M Teshima
- Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR, The University of Tokyo, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan; Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan; Tokai University, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan; RIKEN, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - N Torres-Albà
- Universitat de Barcelona, ICCUB, IEEC-UB, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Tosti
- Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare (INFN), 00044 Frascati (Roma) Italy
| | | | - G Vanzo
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, and Universidad de La Laguna, Departamento de Astrofísica, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - M Vazquez Acosta
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, and Universidad de La Laguna, Departamento de Astrofísica, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - S Ventura
- Università di Siena and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy
| | - V Verguilov
- Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - C F Vigorito
- Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare (INFN), 00044 Frascati (Roma) Italy
| | - V Vitale
- Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare (INFN), 00044 Frascati (Roma) Italy
| | - I Vovk
- Japanese MAGIC Consortium: ICRR, The University of Tokyo, 277-8582 Chiba, Japan; Department of Physics, Kyoto University, 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan; Tokai University, 259-1292 Kanagawa, Japan; RIKEN, 351-0198 Saitama, Japan
| | - M Will
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - D Zarić
- Croatian Consortium: University of Rijeka, Department of Physics, 51000 Rijeka; University of Split-FESB, 21000 Split; University of Zagreb-FER, 10000 Zagreb; University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek; Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - L Nava
- National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera, 23807 Merate, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy
- Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe (IFPU), 34151 Trieste, Italy
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Avnery O, Martin M, Bura-Riviere A, Barillari G, Mazzolai L, Mahé I, Marchena PJ, Verhamme P, Monreal M, Ellis MH, Aibar MA, Aibar J, Amado C, Arcelus JI, Ballaz A, Barba R, Barrón M, Barrón‐Andrés B, Bascuñana J, ina A, Camon AM, Cañas I, Carrasco C, Castro J, Ancos C, Toro J, Demelo P, Díaz‐Peromingo JA, Falgá C, Farfán AI, Fernández‐Capitán C, Fernández‐Criado MC, Fernández‐Núñez S, Fidalgo MA, Font C, Font L, Freire M, Gallego M, García MA, García‐Bragado F, García‐Morillo M, García‐Raso A, Gavín O, Gayol MC, Gil‐Díaz A, Gómez V, Gómez‐Cuervo C, González‐Martínez J, Grau E, Gutiérrez J, Hernández‐Blasco LM, Iglesias M, Jara‐Palomares L, Jaras MJ, Jiménez R, Jiménez‐Castro D, Jiménez‐López J, Joya MD, Lima J, Llamas P, Lobo JL, López‐Jiménez L, López‐Miguel P, López‐Núñez JJ, López‐Reyes R, López‐Sáez JB, Lorente MA, Lorenzo A, Loring M, Madridano O, Maestre A, Martín del Pozo M, Martín‐Guerra JM, Martín‐Romero M, Mellado M, Morales MV, Muñoz N, Nieto‐Cabrera MA, Nieto‐Rodríguez JA, Núñez‐Ares A, Núñez MJ, Olivares MC, Otalora S, Otero R, Pedrajas JM, Pellejero G, Pérez‐Rus G, Peris ML, Porras JA, Rivas A, Rodríguez‐Dávila MA, Rodríguez‐Hernández A, Rubio CM, Ruiz‐Artacho P, Ruiz‐Ruiz J, Ruiz‐Torregrosa P, Ruiz‐Sada P, Sahuquillo JC, Salazar V, Sampériz A, Sánchez‐Muñoz‐Torrero JF, Sancho T, Soler S, Sopeña B, Suriñach JM, Tolosa C, Torres MI, Trujillo‐Santos J, Uresandi F, Valle R, Vidal G, Villares P, Gutiérrez P, Vázquez FJ, Vilaseca A, Vanassche T, Vandenbriele C, Hirmerova J, Malý R, Salgado E, Benzidia I, Bertoletti L, Debourdeau P, Farge‐Bancel D, Hij A, Moustafa F, Schellong S, Braester A, Brenner B, Tzoran I, Sharif‐Kashani B, Bilora F, Bortoluzzi C, Bucherini E, Ciammaichella M, Dentali F, Di Micco P, Di Pangrazio M, Maida R, Mastroiacovo D, Pace F, Pallotti G, Parisi R, Pesavento R, Prandoni P, Quintavalla R, Rocci A, Siniscalchi C, Tufano A, Visonà A, Vo Hong N, Gibietis V, Skride A, Strautmane S, Bosevski M, Zdraveska M, Bounameaux H, Fresa M, Ney B, Caprini J, Bui HM, Pham KQ. D-dimer levels and risk of recurrence following provoked venous thromboembolism: findings from the RIETE registry. J Intern Med 2020; 287:32-41. [PMID: 31394000 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE) secondary to transient risk factors may develop VTE recurrences after discontinuing anticoagulation. Identifying at-risk patients could help to guide the duration of therapy. METHODS We used the RIETE database to assess the prognostic value of d-dimer testing after discontinuing anticoagulation to identify patients at increased risk for recurrences. Transient risk factors were classified as major (postoperative) or minor (pregnancy, oestrogen use, immobilization or recent travel). RESULTS In December 2018, 1655 VTE patients with transient risk factors (major 460, minor 1195) underwent d-dimer measurements after discontinuing anticoagulation. Amongst patients with major risk factors, the recurrence rate was 5.74 (95% CI: 3.19-9.57) events per 100 patient-years in those with raised d-dimer levels and 2.68 (95% CI: 1.45-4.56) in those with normal levels. Amongst patients with minor risk factors, the rates were 7.79 (95% CI: 5.71-10.4) and 3.34 (95% CI: 2.39-4.53), respectively. Patients with major risk factors and raised d-dimer levels (n = 171) had a nonsignificantly higher rate of recurrences (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.14; 95% CI: 0.96-4.79) than those with normal levels. Patients with minor risk factors and raised d-dimer levels (n = 382) had a higher rate of recurrences (HR: 2.34; 95% CI: 1.51-3.63) than those with normal levels. On multivariate analysis, raised d-dimers (HR: 1.74; 95% CI: 1.09-2.77) were associated with an increased risk for recurrences in patients with minor risk factors, not in those with major risk factors. CONCLUSIONS Patients with raised d-dimer levels after discontinuing anticoagulant therapy for VTE provoked by a minor transient risk factor were at an increased risk for recurrences.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Avnery
- Meir Medical Center, Hematology Institute and Blood Bank, Kfar Saba, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - M Martin
- Hospital Infanta Sofia San Sebastian de los Reyes and Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Bura-Riviere
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Hôpital de Rangueil, Toulouse, France
| | - G Barillari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ospedale S. Maria della Misericordia, Udine, Italy
| | - L Mazzolai
- Department of Angiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - I Mahé
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hôpital Louis Mourier, Colombes (APHP), University Paris 7, Colombes, France
| | - P J Marchena
- Department of Internal Medicine and Emergency, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu-Hospital General, Barcelona, Spain
| | - P Verhamme
- Vascular Medicine and Haemostasis, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - M Monreal
- Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M H Ellis
- Meir Medical Center, Hematology Institute and Blood Bank, Kfar Saba, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Nourreddine A, Barillon R, Font L. Editorial. RADIAT MEAS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2019.106162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Bonnefoy P, Prevot N, Bertoletti L, Sanchez A, Lima J, Font L, Gil Díaz A, Llamas P, Aibar J, Monreal M. Utilisation de la scintigraphie de ventilation/perfusion chez les patients diagnostiqués avec une embolie pulmonaire – Données du registre RIETE. Médecine Nucléaire 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mednuc.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Moreno V, Bach J, Zarroca M, Font L, Roqué C, Linares R. Characterization of radon levels in soil and groundwater in the North Maladeta Fault area (Central Pyrenees) and their effects on indoor radon concentration in a thermal spa. J Environ Radioact 2018; 189:1-13. [PMID: 29544141 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Radon levels in the soil and groundwater in the North Maladeta Fault area (located in the Aran Valley sector, Central Pyrenees) are analysed from both geological and radiation protection perspectives. This area is characterized by the presence of two important normal faults: the North Maladeta fault (NMF) and the Tredós Fault (TF). Two primary aspects make this study interesting: (i) the NMF shows geomorphic evidence of neotectonic activity and (ii) the presence of a thermal spa, Banhs de Tredós, which exploits one of the several natural springs of the area and needs to be evaluated for radiation dosing from radon according to the European regulation on basic safety standards for protection against ionizing radiation. The average soil radon and thoron concentrations along a profile perpendicular to the two normal faults - 22 ± 3 kBq·m-3 and 34 ± 3 kBq·m-3, respectively - are not high and can be compared to the radionuclide content of the granitic rocks of the area, 25 ± 4 Bq·kg-1 for 226Ra and 38 ± 2 Bq·kg-1 for 224Ra. However, the hypothesis that the normal faults are still active is supported by the presence of anomalies in both the soil radon and thoron levels that are unlikely to be of local origin together with the presence of similar anomalies in CO2 fluxes and the fact that the highest groundwater radon values are located close to the normal faults. Additionally, groundwater 222Rn data have complemented the hydrochemistry data, enabling researchers to better distinguish between water pathways in the granitic and non-granitic aquifers. Indoor radon levels in the spa vary within a wide range, [7-1664] Bq·m-3 because the groundwater used in the treatment rooms is the primary source of radon in the air. Tap water radon levels inside the spa present an average value of 50 ± 8 kBq·m-3, which does not exceed the level stipulated by the Spanish Nuclear Safety Council (CSN) of 100 kBq·m-3 for water used for human consumption. This finding implies that even relatively low radon concentration values in water can constitute a relevant indoor radon source when the transfer from water to indoor air is efficient. The estimated effective dose range of values for a spa worker due to radon inhalation is [1-9] mSv·y-1. The use of annual averaged radon concentration values may significantly underestimate the dose in these situations; therefore, a detailed dynamic study must be performed by considering the time that the workers spend in the spa.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Moreno
- Unitat de Física de les Radiacions, Dpt. de Física, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici Cc, Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - J Bach
- Unitat de Geodinàmica Externa i d'Hidrogeologia, Dpt. de Geologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici Cs, Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Zarroca
- Unitat de Geodinàmica Externa i d'Hidrogeologia, Dpt. de Geologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici Cs, Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ll Font
- Unitat de Física de les Radiacions, Dpt. de Física, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici Cc, Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Roqué
- Geodinàmica Externa, Dpt. de Ciències Ambientals, Universitat de Girona, 17071, Girona, Spain
| | - R Linares
- Unitat de Geodinàmica Externa i d'Hidrogeologia, Dpt. de Geologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici Cs, Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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7
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Tzoran I, Papadakis M, Brenner B, Fidalgo Á, Rivas A, Wells PS, Gavín O, Adarraga MD, Moustafa F, Monreal M, Prandoni P, Brenner B, Barba R, Di Micco P, Bertoletti L, Tzoran I, Reis A, Bosevski M, Bounameaux H, Malý R, Wells P, Papadakis M, Adarraga M, Aibar M, Alfonso M, Arcelus J, Barba R, Barrón M, Barrón-Andrés B, Bascuñana J, Blanco-Molina A, Bueso T, Cañada G, Cañas I, Chic N, del Pozo R, del Toro J, Díaz-Pedroche M, Díaz-Peromingo J, Falgá C, Fernández-Capitán C, Fidalgo M, Font C, Font L, Gallego P, García A, García M, García-Bragado F, García-Brotons P, Gavín O, Gómez C, Gómez V, González J, González-Marcano D, Grau E, Grimón A, Guijarro R, Gutiérrez J, Hernández-Comes G, Hernández-Blasco L, Hermosa-Los Arcos M, Jara-Palomares L, Jaras M, Jiménez D, Joya M, Llamas P, Lecumberri R, Lobo J, López P, López-Jiménez L, López-Reyes R, López-Sáez J, Lorente M, Lorenzo A, Maestre A, Marchena P, Martín-Martos F, Monreal M, Nieto J, Nieto S, Núñez A, Núñez M, Odriozola M, Otero R, Pedrajas J, Pérez G, Pérez-Ductor C, Peris M, Porras J, Reig O, Riera-Mestre A, Riesco D, Rivas A, Rodríguez C, Rodríguez-Dávila M, Rosa V, Ruiz-Giménez N, Sahuquillo J, Sala-Sainz M, Sampériz A, Sánchez-Martínez R, Sánchez Simón-Talero R, Sanz O, Soler S, Suriñach J, Torres M, Trujillo-Santos J, Uresandi F, Valero B, Valle R, Vela J, Vicente M, Villalobos A, Vanassche T, Verhamme P, Wells P, Hirmerova J, Malý R, Tomko T, del Pozo G, Salgado E, Sánchez G, Bertoletti L, Bura-Riviere A, Mahé I, Merah A, Moustafa F, Papadakis M, Braester A, Brenner B, Tzoran I, Antonucci G, Barillari G, Bilora F, Bortoluzzi C, Cattabiani C, Ciammaichella M, Di Biase J, Di Micco P, Duce R, Ferrazzi P, Giorgi-Pierfranceschi M, Grandone E, Imbalzano E, Lodigiani C, Maida R, Mastroiacovo D, Pace F, Pesavento R, Pinelli M, Poggio R, Prandoni P, Rota L, Tiraferri E, Tonello D, Tufano A, Visonà A, Zalunardo B, Gibietis V, Skride A, Vitola B, Monteiro P, Ribeiro J, Sousa M, Bosevski M, Zdraveska M, Bounameaux H, Calanca L, Erdmann A, Mazzolai L. Outcome of Patients with Venous Thromboembolism and Factor V Leiden or Prothrombin 20210 Carrier Mutations During the Course of Anticoagulation. Am J Med 2017; 130:482.e1-482.e9. [PMID: 27986523 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2016.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with factor V Leiden or prothrombin G20210A mutations are at a higher risk to develop venous thromboembolism. However, the influence of these polymorphisms on patient outcome during anticoagulant therapy has not been consistently explored. METHODS We used the Registro Informatizado de Enfermedad TromboEmbólica database to compare rates of venous thromboembolism recurrence and bleeding events occurring during the anticoagulation course in factor V Leiden carriers, prothrombin mutation carriers, and noncarriers. RESULTS Between March 2001 and December 2015, 10,139 patients underwent thrombophilia testing. Of these, 1384 were factor V Leiden carriers, 1115 were prothrombin mutation carriers, and 7640 were noncarriers. During the anticoagulation course, 160 patients developed recurrent deep vein thrombosis and 94 patients developed pulmonary embolism (16 died); 154 patients had major bleeding (10 died), and 291 patients had nonmajor bleeding. On multivariable analysis, factor V Leiden carriers had a similar rate of venous thromboembolism recurrence (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.16; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.82-1.64), half the rate of major bleeding (adjusted HR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.25-0.99) and a nonsignificantly lower rate of nonmajor bleeding (adjusted HR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.43-1.01) than noncarriers. Prothrombin mutation carriers and noncarriers had a comparable rate of venous thromboembolism recurrence (adjusted HR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.68-1.48), major bleeding (adjusted HR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.42-1.34), and nonmajor bleeding events (adjusted HR, 1.10; 95% CI, 0.77-1.57). CONCLUSIONS During the anticoagulation course, factor V Leiden carriers had a similar risk for venous thromboembolism recurrence and half the risk for major bleeding compared with noncarriers. This finding may contribute to decision-making regarding anticoagulation duration in selected factor V Leiden carriers with venous thromboembolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inna Tzoran
- Department of Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel.
| | - Manolis Papadakis
- Haematology and Hemostasis Unit, Hospital Papageorgiou, Saloniki, Greece
| | - Benjamin Brenner
- Department of Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ángeles Fidalgo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Spain
| | - Agustina Rivas
- Department of Pneumonology, Hospital Universitario Araba, Álava, Spain
| | - Philip S Wells
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ontario, Canada
| | - Olga Gavín
- Department of Haematology, Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Farès Moustafa
- Department of Emergency, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, France
| | - Manuel Monreal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Germans Trias i Pujol de Badalona, Universidad Católica de Murcia, Barcelona, Spain
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Mahé I, Chidiac J, Bertoletti L, Font C, Trujillo-Santos J, Peris M, Pérez Ductor C, Nieto S, Grandone E, Monreal M, Arcelus J, Ballaz A, Barba R, Barrón M, Barrón-Andrés B, Bascuñana J, Blanco-Molina A, Bueso T, Casado I, Culla A, de Miguel J, del Toro J, Díaz-Peromingo J, Falgá C, Fernández-Capitán C, Font C, Font L, Gallego P, García-Bragado F, García-Brotons P, Gómez V, González J, Grau E, Grimón A, Guirado L, Gutiérrez J, Hernández G, Hernández-Blasco L, Isern V, Jara-Palomares L, Jaras M, Jiménez D, Lacruz B, Lecumberri R, Lobo J, López-Jiménez L, López-Reyes R, López-Sáez J, Lorente M, Lorenzo A, Madridano O, Marchena P, Martín-Antorán J, Martín-Martos F, Monreal M, Morales M, Nauffal D, Nieto J, Nieto S, Núñez M, Otalora S, Otero R, Pagán B, Pedrajas J, Pérez C, Pérez G, Peris M, Porras J, Ramírez L, Reig O, Riera A, Rivas A, Rodríguez-Dávila M, Rosa V, Ruiz-Artacho P, Ruiz-Giménez N, Ruiz-Martínez C, Sampériz A, Sala C, Sanz O, Soler S, Sopeña B, Suarez I, Suriñach J, Tiberio G, Tolosa C, Trujillo-Santos J, Uresandi F, Valle R, Vela J, Villalta J, Malfante P, Verhamme P, Wells P, Hirmerova J, Malý R, Tomko T, Salgado E, Bertoletti L, Bura-Riviere A, Farge-Bancel D, Hij A, Mahé I, Merah A, Papadakis M, Braester A, Brenner B, Tzoran I, Apollonio A, Barillari G, Candeloro G, Ciammaichella M, Di Micco P, Ferrazzi P, Grandone E, Lessiani G, Lodigiani C, Mastroiacovo D, Pace F, Pinelli M, Prandoni P, Rota L, Tiraferri E, Tufano A, Visonà A, Belovs A, Skride A, Moreira M, Ribeiro J, Sousa M, Bosevski M, Zdraveska M, Alatri A, Bounameaux H, Calanca L, Mazzolai L, Serrano J, Decousus H, Reis A. The Clinical Course of Venous Thromboembolism May Differ According to Cancer Site. Am J Med 2017; 130:337-347. [PMID: 27884650 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2016.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We hypothesized that the clinical course of venous thromboembolism in patients with active cancer may differ according to the specificities of primary tumor site. AIM AND METHODS We used data from RIETE (international registry of patients with venous thromboembolism) to compare the clinical venous thromboembolism-related outcomes during the course of anticoagulation in patients with one of the 4 more frequent cancers (breast, prostate, colorectal, or lung cancer). RESULTS As of September 2014, 3947 cancer patients were recruited, of whom 938 had breast, 629 prostate, 1189 colorectal, and 1191 lung cancer. Overall, 55% had metastatic disease (42%, 36%, 53%, and 72%, respectively). During the course of anticoagulant therapy (mean duration, 139 days), the rate of thromboembolic recurrences was similar to the rate of major bleeding in patients with breast (5.6 [95% confidence interval (CI), 3.8-8.1] vs 4.1 [95% CI, 2.7-5.9] events per 100 patient-years) or colorectal cancer (10 [95% CI, 7.6-13] vs 12 [95% CI, 9.4-15] per 100 patient-years). In contrast, in patients with prostate cancer, the rate of venous thromboembolic recurrences was half the rate of major bleeding (6.9 [95% CI, 4.4-10] vs 13 [95% CI, 9.2-17] events per 100 patient-years), whereas in those with lung cancer, the rate of thromboembolic recurrences was twofold higher than the rate of major bleeding (27 [95% CI, 22-23] vs 11 [95% CI, 8.6-15] per 100 patient-years). CONCLUSIONS Significant differences in the clinical profile of venous thromboembolic-related outcomes were observed according to the site of cancer. These findings suggest the development of cancer-specific anticoagulant strategies as an area for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Mahé
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hôpital Louis Mourier, Investigation Network on Venous Thrombo-embolism (INNOVTE), Colombes (APHP), University Paris 7, EA REMES 7334 France.
| | - Jean Chidiac
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hôpital Louis Mourier, Investigation Network on Venous Thrombo-embolism (INNOVTE), Colombes (APHP), University Paris 7, EA REMES 7334 France
| | - Laurent Bertoletti
- Department of Vascular and Therapeutic Medicine, CHU Saint-Etienne, Hôpital Nord, French Clinical Research Infrastructure Network (F-CRIN), INNOVTE
| | - Carme Font
- Department of Medical Oncology, IDIBAPS/Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapeutics in Solid Tumors, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Trujillo-Santos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Cartagena, Murcia, Spain
| | - Marisa Peris
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Provincial Castellon; CEU Cardenal Herrero University, Spain
| | - Cristina Pérez Ductor
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Hospital Universitario Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain
| | - Santiago Nieto
- Department of Haematology, Hospital de la Vega Lorenzo Guirao, Murcia, Spain
| | - Elvira Grandone
- Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis Unit, Casa Sollievo Della Sofferenza, Foggia, Italy
| | - Manuel Monreal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Universidad Católica de Murcia, Spain
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9
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Newton DH, Monreal Bosch M, Amendola M, Wolfe L, Perez Ductor C, Lecumberri R, Levy MM, Monreal M, Decousus H, Prandoni P, Brenner B, Barba R, Di Micco P, Bertoletti L, Tzoran I, Reis A, Bosevski M, Bounameaux H, Malý R, Wells P, Papadakis M, Agüero R, Aibar M, Alfonso M, Aranda R, Arcelus J, Barba R, Barrón M, Barrón-Andrés B, Bascuñana J, Binetti J, Blanco-Molina A, Bueso T, Cañas I, Carmona F, Chic N, Culla A, del Pozo R, del Toro J, Díaz-Pedroche M, Díaz-Peromingo J, Falgá C, Fernández-Aracil C, Fernández-Capitán C, Fidalgo M, Font C, Font L, Gallego P, García M, García-Bragado F, Gómez V, González J, Grau E, Grimón A, Guirado L, Gutiérrez J, Hernández-Comes G, Hernández-Blasco L, Jara-Palomares L, Jaras M, Jiménez D, Joya M, Lecumberri R, Lobo J, López-Jiménez L, López-Reyes R, López-Sáez J, Lorente M, Lorenzo A, Manrique-Abos I, Marchena P, Martín M, Martín-Antorán J, Martín-Martos F, Monreal M, Nieto J, Nieto S, Núñez A, Núñez M, Otalora S, Otero R, Pagán B, Pedrajas J, Pérez G, Pérez I, Pérez-Ductor C, Peris M, Porras J, Reig O, Riera-Mestre A, Riesco D, Rivas A, Rodríguez-Dávila M, Rosa V, Rosillo-Hernández E, Ruiz-Artacho P, Ruiz-Giménez N, Sahuquillo J, Sala-Sainz M, Sampériz A, Sánchez R, Sanz O, Soler S, Sopeña B, Suriñach J, Tolosa C, Trujillo-Santos J, Uresandi F, Valero B, Valle R, Vela J, Vidal G, Villalta J, Vanassche T, Verhamme P, Wells P, Hirmerova J, Malý R, Salgado E, Bertoletti L, Bura-Riviere A, Champion K, Farge-Bancel D, Hij A, Mahé I, Merah A, Papadakis M, Braester A, Brenner B, Tzoran I, Antonucci G, Barillari G, Bilora F, Ciammaichella M, Dentali F, Di Micco P, Duce R, Ferrazzi P, Grandone E, Lodigiani C, Maida R, Pace F, Pesavento R, Poggio R, Prandoni P, Rota L, Tiraferri E, Tonello D, Tufano A, Visonà A, Zalunardo B, Drucka E, Kigitovica D, Skride A, Ramos A, Ribeiro J, Sousa M, Bosevski M, Zdraveska M, Bounameaux H, Erdmann A, Mazzolai L, Ney B. Analysis of noncatheter-associated upper extremity deep venous thrombosis from the RIETE registry. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord 2017; 5:18-24.e1. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvsv.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Moreno V, Bach J, Font L, Baixeras C, Zarroca M, Linares R, Roqué C. Soil radon dynamics in the Amer fault zone: An example of very high seasonal variations. J Environ Radioact 2016; 151 Pt 1:293-303. [PMID: 26551588 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2015.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Soil radon levels of the Amer fault zone have been measured for a 4 year-period with the aim of checking seasonal fluctuations obtained in previous studies and to understand radon origin and dynamics. In this manuscript additional results are presented: updated continuous and integrated soil radon measurements, radionuclide content of soil materials and a detailed analysis of an urban profile by means of the electrical resistivity imaging technique and punctual soil radon, thoron and CO2 measurements. Integrated and continuous measurements present a wide range of values, [0.2-151.6] kBq m(-3) for radon, [4.5-39.6] kBq m(-3) for thoron and [4.0-71.2] g m(-2) day(-1) for CO2. The highest soil radon levels in the vicinity of the Amer fault (>40 kBq m(-3)) are found close to the fractured areas and present very important fluctuations repeated every year, with values in summer much higher than in winter, confirming previous studies. The highest radon values, up to 150 kBq m(-3), do not have a local origin because the mean value of radium concentration in this soil (19 ± 5 Bq kg(-1)) could not explain these values. Then soil radon migration through the fractures, influenced by atmospheric parameters, is assumed to account for such a high seasonal fluctuation. As main conclusion, in fractured areas, seasonal variations of soil radon concentration can be very important even in places where average soil radon concentration and radium content are not especially high. In these cases the migration capability of the soil is given not by intrinsic permeability but by the fracture structure. Potential risk estimation based on soil radon concentration and intrinsic permeability must be complemented with geological information in fractured systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Moreno
- Unitat de Física de les Radiacions, Departament de Física, Edifici Cc, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - J Bach
- Unitat de Geodinàmica Externa i d'Hidrogeologia, Departament de Geologia, Edifici Cs, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ll Font
- Unitat de Física de les Radiacions, Departament de Física, Edifici Cc, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Baixeras
- Unitat de Física de les Radiacions, Departament de Física, Edifici Cc, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Zarroca
- Unitat de Geodinàmica Externa i d'Hidrogeologia, Departament de Geologia, Edifici Cs, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Linares
- Unitat de Geodinàmica Externa i d'Hidrogeologia, Departament de Geologia, Edifici Cs, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Roqué
- Geodinàmica Externa, Departament de Ciències Ambientals, Universitat de Girona, 17071 Girona, Spain
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Trujillo-Santos J, Lozano F, Lorente MA, Adarraga D, Hirmerova J, Del Toro J, Mazzolai L, Barillari G, Barrón M, Monreal M, Alcalde M, Andújar V, Arcelus J, Barba R, Barrón M, Barrón-Andrés B, Bascuñana J, Blanco-Molina A, Bueso T, Casado I, Climent A, Conget F, del Molino F, del Toro J, Falgá C, Fernández-Capitán C, Font L, Gallego P, García-Bragado F, Gómez V, González J, González-Bachs E, Grau E, Guijarro R, Guil M, Gutiérrez J, Jara-Palomares L, Jaras M, Jiménez D, Jiménez R, Lecumberri R, Lobo J, López-Jiménez L, López-Montes L, López-Reyes R, López-Sáez J, Lorente M, Lorenzo A, Luque J, Madridano O, Marchena P, Martín-Antorán J, Mellado M, Monreal M, Morales M, Nauffal D, Nieto J, Núñez M, Ogea J, Otero R, Pagán B, Pedrajas J, Pérez-Rus G, Peris M, Porras J, Pons I, Riera-Mestre A, Rivas A, Rodríguez-Dávila M, Román P, Rosa V, Ruiz-Giménez N, Ruiz J, Sabio P, Samperiz A, Sánchez R, Soler S, Suriñach J, Tiberio G, Trujillo-Santos J, Uresandi F, Valero B, Valle R, Vela J, Villalobos A, Malfante P, Verhamme P, Peerlinck K, Wells P, Malý R, Hirmerova J, Kaletova M, Tomko T, Bertoletti L, Bura-Riviere A, Farès M, Grange C, Mahe I, Merah A, Quere I, Schellong S, Papadakis M, Braester A, Brenner B, Tzoran I, Zeltser D, Apollonio A, Barillari G, Ciammaichella M, Di Micco P, Duce R, Guida A, Maida R, Pace F, Pasca S, Piovella C, Pesavento R, Poggio R, Prandoni P, Rota L, Tiraferri E, Tonello D, Tufano A, Visonà A, Zalunardo B, Almeida S, Leal-Seabra F, Sousa M, Bosevski M, Alatri A, Bounameaux H, Calanca L, Mazzolai L, Serrano J. A prognostic score to identify low-risk outpatients with acute deep vein thrombosis in the lower limbs. Am J Med 2015; 128:90.e9-15. [PMID: 25242230 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2014.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Revised: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND No prior studies have identified which patients with deep vein thrombosis in the lower limbs are at a low risk for adverse events within the first week of therapy. METHODS We used data from the Registro Informatizado de la Enfermedad TromboEmbólica (RIETE) to identify patients at low risk for the composite outcome of pulmonary embolism, major bleeding, or death within the first week. We built a prognostic score and compared it with the decision to treat patients at home. RESULTS As of December 2013, 15,280 outpatients with deep vein thrombosis had been enrolled. Overall, 5164 patients (34%) were treated at home. Of these, 12 (0.23%) had pulmonary embolism, 8 (0.15%) bled, and 4 (0.08%) died. On multivariable analysis, chronic heart failure, recent immobility, recent bleeding, cancer, renal insufficiency, and abnormal platelet count independently predicted the risk for the composite outcome. Among 11,430 patients (75%) considered to be at low risk, 15 (0.13%) suffered pulmonary embolism, 22 (0.19%) bled, and 8 (0.07%) died. The C-statistic was 0.61 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.57-0.65) for the decision to treat patients at home and 0.76 (95% CI, 0.72-0.79) for the score (P = .003). Net reclassification improvement was 41% (P < .001). Integrated discrimination improvement was 0.034 for the score and 0.015 for the clinical decision (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Using 6 easily available variables, we identified outpatients with deep vein thrombosis at low risk for adverse events within the first week. These data may help to safely treat more patients at home. This score, however, should be validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Trujillo-Santos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Cartagena, Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco Lozano
- Department of Angiology and Vascular Surgery, Complejo Asistencial de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Manuel Alejandro Lorente
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital de la Agencia Valenciana de Salud Vega Baja, Alicante, Spain
| | - Dolores Adarraga
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital de Montilla, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Jana Hirmerova
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Plzen, Plzen, Czech Republic
| | - Jorge Del Toro
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucia Mazzolai
- Department of Angiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni Barillari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ospedale S. Maria della Misericordia, Udine, Italy
| | - Manuel Barrón
- Department of Pneumonology, Hospital San Pedro, Logroño, La Rioja, Spain
| | - Manuel Monreal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.
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12
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Aleksić J, Ansoldi S, Antonelli LA, Antoranz P, Babic A, Bangale P, Barrio JA, González JB, Bednarek W, Bernardini E, Biasuzzi B, Biland A, Blanch O, Bonnefoy S, Bonnoli G, Borracci F, Bretz T, Carmona E, Carosi A, Colin P, Colombo E, Contreras JL, Cortina J, Covino S, Da Vela P, Dazzi F, De Angelis A, De Caneva G, De Lotto B, Wilhelmi EDO, Mendez CD, Prester DD, Dorner D, Doro M, Einecke S, Eisenacher D, Elsaesser D, Fonseca MV, Font L, Frantzen K, Fruck C, Galindo D, López RJG, Garczarczyk M, Terrats DG, Gaug M, Godinović N, Muñoz AG, Gozzini SR, Hadasch D, Hanabata Y, Hayashida M, Herrera J, Hildebrand D, Hose J, Hrupec D, Idec W, Kadenius V, Kellermann H, Kodani K, Konno Y, Krause J, Kubo H, Kushida J, La Barbera A, Lelas D, Lewandowska N, Lindfors E, Lombardi S, Longo F, López M, López-Coto R, López-Oramas A, Lorenz E, Lozano I, Makariev M, Mallot K, Maneva G, Mankuzhiyil N, Mannheim K, Maraschi L, Marcote B, Mariotti M, Martínez M, Mazin D, Menzel U, Miranda JM, Mirzoyan R, Moralejo A, Munar-Adrover P, Nakajima D, Niedzwiecki A, Nilsson K, Nishijima K, Noda K, Orito R, Overkemping A, Paiano S, Palatiello M, Paneque D, Paoletti R, Paredes JM, Paredes-Fortuny X, Persic M, Poutanen J, Moroni PGP, Prandini E, Puljak I, Reinthal R, Rhode W, Ribó M, Rico J, Garcia JR, Rügamer S, Saito T, Saito K, Satalecka K, Scalzotto V, Scapin V, Schultz C, Schweizer T, Shore SN, Sillanpää A, Sitarek J, Snidaric I, Sobczynska D, Spanier F, Stamatescu V, Stamerra A, Steinbring T, Storz J, Strzys M, Takalo L, Takami H, Tavecchio F, Temnikov P, Terzić T, Tescaro D, Teshima M, Thaele J, Tibolla O, Torres DF, Toyama T, Treves A, Uellenbeck M, Vogler P, Zanin R, Kadler M, Schulz R, Ros E, Bach U, Krauß F, Wilms J. Black hole lightning due to particle acceleration at subhorizon scales. Science 2014; 346:1080-4. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1256183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Aleksić
- Institut de Física d’Altes Energies, Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - S. Ansoldi
- Università di Udine and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy, and Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF)-Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - L. A. Antonelli
- INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
| | - P. Antoranz
- Università di Siena and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy
| | - A. Babic
- Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - P. Bangale
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | | | - J. Becerra González
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Present address: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA, and Department of Physics and Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | | | - E. Bernardini
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - B. Biasuzzi
- Università di Udine and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy, and Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF)-Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - A. Biland
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - O. Blanch
- Institut de Física d’Altes Energies, Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - S. Bonnefoy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - G. Bonnoli
- INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
| | - F. Borracci
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - T. Bretz
- Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Present address: Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - E. Carmona
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A. Carosi
- INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
| | - P. Colin
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - E. Colombo
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | | | - J. Cortina
- Institut de Física d’Altes Energies, Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - S. Covino
- INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
| | - P. Da Vela
- Università di Siena and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy
| | - F. Dazzi
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - A. De Angelis
- Università di Udine and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy, and Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF)-Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - G. De Caneva
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - B. De Lotto
- Università di Udine and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy, and Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF)-Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | | | - C. Delgado Mendez
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - D. Dominis Prester
- Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - D. Dorner
- Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - M. Doro
- Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - S. Einecke
- Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | | | | | | | - L. Font
- Unitat de Física de les Radiacions, Departament de Física, and Centro de Estudios e Investigación Espaciales-Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - K. Frantzen
- Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - C. Fruck
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - D. Galindo
- Universitat de Barcelona, Institut de Ciències del Cosmos, Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya-Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - R. J. García López
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - M. Garczarczyk
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - D. Garrido Terrats
- Unitat de Física de les Radiacions, Departament de Física, and Centro de Estudios e Investigación Espaciales-Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - M. Gaug
- Unitat de Física de les Radiacions, Departament de Física, and Centro de Estudios e Investigación Espaciales-Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - N. Godinović
- Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - A. González Muñoz
- Institut de Física d’Altes Energies, Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - S. R. Gozzini
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - D. Hadasch
- Institute of Space Sciences, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Present address: Institut für Astro- und Teilchenphysik, Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Y. Hanabata
- Japanese MAGIC Consortium, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - M. Hayashida
- Japanese MAGIC Consortium, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - J. Herrera
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | | | - J. Hose
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - D. Hrupec
- Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - W. Idec
- University of Łódz', PL-90236 Lodz, Poland
| | - V. Kadenius
- Finnish MAGIC Consortium, Tuorla Observatory, University of Turku and Department of Physics, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - H. Kellermann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - K. Kodani
- Japanese MAGIC Consortium, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Y. Konno
- Japanese MAGIC Consortium, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - J. Krause
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - H. Kubo
- Japanese MAGIC Consortium, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - J. Kushida
- Japanese MAGIC Consortium, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - A. La Barbera
- INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
| | - D. Lelas
- Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - E. Lindfors
- Finnish MAGIC Consortium, Tuorla Observatory, University of Turku and Department of Physics, University of Oulu, Finland
- Present address: Finnish Centre for Astronomy with ESO (FINCA), Turku, Finland
| | - S. Lombardi
- INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
| | - F. Longo
- Università di Udine and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy, and Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF)-Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - M. López
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - R. López-Coto
- Institut de Física d’Altes Energies, Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - A. López-Oramas
- Institut de Física d’Altes Energies, Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | | | - I. Lozano
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Makariev
- Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - K. Mallot
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - G. Maneva
- Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - N. Mankuzhiyil
- Università di Udine and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy, and Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF)-Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
- Present address: Astrophysics Science Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - K. Mannheim
- Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - L. Maraschi
- INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
| | - B. Marcote
- Universitat de Barcelona, Institut de Ciències del Cosmos, Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya-Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. Mariotti
- Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - M. Martínez
- Institut de Física d’Altes Energies, Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - D. Mazin
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - U. Menzel
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - J. M. Miranda
- Università di Siena and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy
| | - R. Mirzoyan
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - A. Moralejo
- Institut de Física d’Altes Energies, Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - P. Munar-Adrover
- Universitat de Barcelona, Institut de Ciències del Cosmos, Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya-Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - D. Nakajima
- Japanese MAGIC Consortium, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Kyoto University, Japan
| | | | - K. Nilsson
- Finnish MAGIC Consortium, Tuorla Observatory, University of Turku and Department of Physics, University of Oulu, Finland
- Present address: Finnish Centre for Astronomy with ESO (FINCA), Turku, Finland
| | - K. Nishijima
- Japanese MAGIC Consortium, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - K. Noda
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - R. Orito
- Japanese MAGIC Consortium, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - A. Overkemping
- Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - S. Paiano
- Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - M. Palatiello
- Università di Udine and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy, and Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF)-Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - D. Paneque
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - R. Paoletti
- Università di Siena and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy
| | - J. M. Paredes
- Universitat de Barcelona, Institut de Ciències del Cosmos, Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya-Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - X. Paredes-Fortuny
- Universitat de Barcelona, Institut de Ciències del Cosmos, Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya-Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. Persic
- Università di Udine and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy, and Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF)-Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - J. Poutanen
- Finnish MAGIC Consortium, Tuorla Observatory, University of Turku and Department of Physics, University of Oulu, Finland
| | | | | | - I. Puljak
- Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - R. Reinthal
- Finnish MAGIC Consortium, Tuorla Observatory, University of Turku and Department of Physics, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - W. Rhode
- Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - M. Ribó
- Universitat de Barcelona, Institut de Ciències del Cosmos, Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya-Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - J. Rico
- Institut de Física d’Altes Energies, Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | | | - S. Rügamer
- Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - T. Saito
- Japanese MAGIC Consortium, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - K. Saito
- Japanese MAGIC Consortium, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Kyoto University, Japan
| | | | - V. Scalzotto
- Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - V. Scapin
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - C. Schultz
- Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - T. Schweizer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - S. N. Shore
- Università di Pisa and INFN Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - A. Sillanpää
- Finnish MAGIC Consortium, Tuorla Observatory, University of Turku and Department of Physics, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - J. Sitarek
- Institut de Física d’Altes Energies, Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - I. Snidaric
- Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - F. Spanier
- Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - V. Stamatescu
- Institut de Física d’Altes Energies, Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Present address: School of Chemistry and Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia
| | - A. Stamerra
- INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
| | | | - J. Storz
- Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - M. Strzys
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - L. Takalo
- Finnish MAGIC Consortium, Tuorla Observatory, University of Turku and Department of Physics, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - H. Takami
- Japanese MAGIC Consortium, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - F. Tavecchio
- INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
| | - P. Temnikov
- Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - T. Terzić
- Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - D. Tescaro
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - M. Teshima
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
- Japanese MAGIC Consortium, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - J. Thaele
- Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - O. Tibolla
- Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - D. F. Torres
- ICREA and Institute of Space Sciences, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - T. Toyama
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
| | - A. Treves
- Università dell’Insubria and INFN Milano Bicocca, Como, I-22100 Como, Italy
| | - M. Uellenbeck
- Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - P. Vogler
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - R. Zanin
- Universitat de Barcelona, Institut de Ciències del Cosmos, Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya-Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. Kadler
- Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - R. Schulz
- Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Dr. Remeis-Sternwarte Bamberg, Astronomisches Institut der Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, ECAP, D-96049 Bamberg, Germany
| | - E. Ros
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
- Observatori Astronòmic, Universitat de València, E-46980 Paterna, València, Spain
- Departament d’Astronomia i Astrofísica, Universitat de València, E-46100 Burjassot, València, Spain
| | - U. Bach
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - F. Krauß
- Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Dr. Remeis-Sternwarte Bamberg, Astronomisches Institut der Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, ECAP, D-96049 Bamberg, Germany
| | - J. Wilms
- Dr. Remeis-Sternwarte Bamberg, Astronomisches Institut der Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, ECAP, D-96049 Bamberg, Germany
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Meade FC, Troll VR, Ellam RM, Freda C, Font L, Donaldson CH, Klonowska I. Bimodal magmatism produced by progressively inhibited crustal assimilation. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4199. [PMID: 24947142 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The origin of bimodal (mafic-felsic) rock suites is a fundamental question in volcanology. Here we use major and trace elements, high-resolution Sr, Nd and Pb isotope analyses, experimental petrology and thermodynamic modelling to investigate bimodal magmatism at the iconic Carlingford Igneous Centre, Ireland. We show that early microgranites are the result of extensive assimilation of trace element-enriched partial melts of local metasiltstones into mafic parent magmas. Melting experiments reveal the crust is very fusible, but thermodynamic modelling indicates repeated heating events rapidly lower its melt-production capacity. Granite generation ceased once enriched partial melts could no longer form and subsequent magmatism incorporated less fertile restite compositions only, producing mafic intrusions and a pronounced compositional gap. Considering the frequency of bimodal magma suites in the North Atlantic Igneous Province, and the ubiquity of suitable crustal compositions, we propose 'progressively inhibited crustal assimilation' (PICA) as a major cause of bimodality in continental volcanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- F C Meade
- Department of Earth Sciences, CEMPEG, Uppsala University, Villavägen 16, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - V R Troll
- 1] Department of Earth Sciences, CEMPEG, Uppsala University, Villavägen 16, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden [2] Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Via di Vigna Murata, 605, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - R M Ellam
- Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre, Rankine Avenue, East Kilbride, G75 0QF Scotland, UK
| | - C Freda
- Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Via di Vigna Murata, 605, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - L Font
- Department of Petrology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - C H Donaldson
- School of Geography and Geosciences, University of St Andrews, North Street, St Andrews, KY16 9AL Scotland, UK
| | - I Klonowska
- Department of Earth Sciences, CEMPEG, Uppsala University, Villavägen 16, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden
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Moreno V, Bach J, Baixeras C, Font L. Radon levels in groundwaters and natural radioactivity in soils of the volcanic region of La Garrotxa, Spain. J Environ Radioact 2014; 128:1-8. [PMID: 24239577 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2013.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Revised: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/25/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Groundwater radon level and soil radionuclide concentration have been measured in the volcanic region of La Garrotxa (Catalonia, Spain) to further research on the origin and dynamics of high radon levels over volcanic materials found in this region. Water samples from different aquifers have been collected from wells and springs and the water radon levels obtained have been lower than 30 Bq l(-1). Soil samples have been collected from different geological formations (volcanic and non-volcanic), being Quaternary sedimentary deposits those that have presented the highest mean values of (40)K, (226)Ra and (232)Th concentrations (448 ± 70 Bq kg(-1), 35 ± 5 Bq kg(-1) and 38 ± 5 Bq kg(-1), respectively). Additionally, indoor/outdoor terrestrial radiation absorbed dose rate in air have been measured to better characterize the region from the radiological point of view. Terrestrial radiation absorbed dose rates measurement points have been chosen on the basis of geological and demographical considerations and the results obtained, from 27 to 91 nGy h(-1), show a clear relation with geological formation materials. The highest terrestrial gamma absorbed dose rate is observed over Quaternary sedimentary deposits as well. All these results help to better understand previous surveys related with indoor and outdoor radon levels and to reinforce the hypotheses of a radon transport through the fissure network.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Moreno
- Grup de Física de les Radiacions, Departament de Física, Edifici Cc, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - J Bach
- Unitat de Geodinàmica Externa i d'Hidrogeologia, Departament de Geologia, Edifici Cs, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Baixeras
- Grup de Física de les Radiacions, Departament de Física, Edifici Cc, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ll Font
- Grup de Física de les Radiacions, Departament de Física, Edifici Cc, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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15
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Vilchez F, Martínez-Pastor JC, García-Ramiro S, Bori G, Maculé F, Sierra J, Font L, Mensa J, Soriano A. Outcome and predictors of treatment failure in early post-surgical prosthetic joint infections due to Staphylococcus aureus treated with debridement. Clin Microbiol Infect 2011; 17:439-44. [PMID: 20412187 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2010.03244.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Experience with debridement and prosthesis retention in early prosthetic joint infections (PJI) due to Staphylococcus aureus is scarce. The present study aimed to evaluate the outcome and predictors of failure. Patients prospectively registered with an early PJI due to S. aureus and 2 years of follow-up were reviewed. Demographics, co-morbidity, type of implant, clinical manifestations, surgical treatment, antimicrobial therapy and outcome were recorded. Remission was defined when the patient had no symptoms of infection, the prosthesis was retained and C-reactive protein (CRP) was ≤ 1 mg/dL. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed. Fifty-three patients with a mean ± SD age of 70 ± 10.8 years were reviewed. Thirty-five infections were on knee prosthesis and 18 were on hip prosthesis. The mean ± SD duration of intravenous and oral antibiotics was 10.6 ± 6.7 and 88 ± 45.9 days, respectively. After 2 years of follow-up, 40 (75.5%) patients were in remission. Variables independently associated with failure were the need for a second debridement (OR 20.4, 95% CI 2.3-166.6, p 0.006) and a CRP > 22 mg/dL (OR 9.8, 95% CI 1.5-62.5, p 0.01). The onset of the infection within the 25 days after joint arthroplasty was at the limit of significance (OR 8.3, 95% CI 0.8-85.6, p 0.07). Debridement followed by a short period of antibiotics is a reasonable treatment option in early PJI due to S. aureus. Predictors of failure were the need for a second debridement to control the infection a CRP > 22 mg/dL and the infection onset within the first 25 days after joint arthroplasty.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Vilchez
- Department of Orthopedics of Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Spain.
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Muñoz-Mahamud E, Bori G, Cuñé J, Font L, Domingo A, Suso S. Results of treatment of subtrochanteric femoral fractures with the AO/ASIF Long Trochanteric Fixation Nail (LTFN). Acta Chir Orthop Traumatol Cech 2009; 76:451-455. [PMID: 20067691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY This retrospective study reports on the clinical results of a group of 23 patients with subtrochanteric femoral fractures using the Long Trochanteric Fixation Nail (LTFN). MATERIAL Between January 2005 and January 2008, 23 patients (20 women, 3 men; average age: 64.8 years old) with subtrochanteric femoral fractures were treated surgically. According to the AO/ASIF Classification, the most frequent fracture type was an 32-A1. They were also classified regarding the Seinsheimer Classification, in which the commonest type was the IIB. Of the 23 fractures, 14 of them had been the result of an unexpected fall, 2 were the result of a high-energy trauma and 7 consisted of pathologic fractures. METHODS All the patients were treated using the LTFN device and they all received clinical and radiological follow-ups at least until their fractures were consolidated. The average surgery time, average decrease in haemoglobin in the first 24 hours post- surgery, average need for red blood cell transfusion, postoperative mortality at a 6th month follow-up, time to autonomous deambulation, most frequent destination at the time of discharge, average time for consolidation of the fracture and average follow-up time were reported. Intraoperative and postoperative complications were also recorded. RESULTS The average surgery time from cut to stitch was 97.45 minutes with the decrease in haemoglobin averaging 26.45 g/L and, on average, the need for red blood cell transfusion was 1.12 concentrates. In the first postoperative week, 57.1% of the total number patients were capable of deambulation. The time to hospital discharge was 12.9 days. After an average follow-up of 13.9 months, total weightbearing was achieved in the 64.7% of the patients. The average consolidation time was 21.6 weeks and none of the patients developed pseudoarthrosis. Technical failures were seen in 4.3% of the cases: 1 patient suffered a migration of the distal locking screw. There were no cases of deep infection, cut-out, bending/breaking of the implant, malrotation or fracture of the femoral shaft at the tip of the implant. DISCUSSION From a mechanical point of view the use of a long intramedullary nail in combination with a blade or a screw seems to be the most appropriate treatment for subtrochanteric fractures of the femur. Despite the improvement of implants and surgical techniques, failures due to complications are still considerable. The low distal shaft diameter of the LTFN, in combination with an extremely precise positioning of the blade in the middle of the femoral head, can prevent mechanical complications. Open reduction and cerclage cabling may be required so as to obtain a correct alignment of the fracture. CONCLUSION We conclude that the LTFN is a safe and reliable intramedullary device for the treatment of subtrochanteric fractures of the femur. Deambulation within the first postoperative surgery is possible when positioned properly. Its implantation requires more surgical time than the standard nails.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Muñoz-Mahamud
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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Acciari VA, Aliu E, Arlen T, Bautista M, Beilicke M, Benbow W, Bradbury SM, Buckley JH, Bugaev V, Butt Y, Byrum K, Cannon A, Celik O, Cesarini A, Chow YC, Ciupik L, Cogan P, Cui W, Dickherber R, Fegan SJ, Finley JP, Fortin P, Fortson L, Furniss A, Gall D, Gillanders GH, Grube J, Guenette R, Gyuk G, Hanna D, Holder J, Horan D, Hui CM, Humensky TB, Imran A, Kaaret P, Karlsson N, Kieda D, Kildea J, Konopelko A, Krawczynski H, Krennrich F, Lang MJ, LeBohec S, Maier G, McCann A, McCutcheon M, Millis J, Moriarty P, Ong RA, Otte AN, Pandel D, Perkins JS, Petry D, Pohl M, Quinn J, Ragan K, Reyes LC, Reynolds PT, Roache E, Roache E, Rose HJ, Schroedter M, Sembroski GH, Smith AW, Swordy SP, Theiling M, Toner JA, Varlotta A, Vincent S, Wakely SP, Ward JE, Weekes TC, Weinstein A, Williams DA, Wissel S, Wood M, Walker RC, Davies F, Hardee PE, Junor W, Ly C, Aharonian F, Akhperjanian AG, Anton G, Barres de Almeida U, Bazer-Bachi AR, Becherini Y, Behera B, Bernlöhr K, Bochow A, Boisson C, Bolmont J, Borrel V, Brucker J, Brun F, Brun P, Bühler R, Bulik T, Büsching I, Boutelier T, Chadwick PM, Charbonnier A, Chaves RCG, Cheesebrough A, Chounet LM, Clapson AC, Coignet G, Dalton M, Daniel MK, Davids ID, Degrange B, Deil C, Dickinson HJ, Djannati-Ataï A, Domainko W, Drury LO, Dubois F, Dubus G, Dyks J, Dyrda M, Egberts K, Emmanoulopoulos D, Espigat P, Farnier C, Feinstein F, Fiasson A, Förster A, Fontaine G, Füssling M, Gabici S, Gallant YA, Gérard L, Gerbig D, Giebels B, Glicenstein JF, Glück B, Goret P, Göhring D, Hauser D, Hauser M, Heinz S, Heinzelmann G, Henri G, Hermann G, Hinton JA, Hoffmann A, Hofmann W, Holleran M, Hoppe S, Horns D, Jacholkowska A, de Jager OC, Jahn C, Jung I, Katarzyński K, Katz U, Kaufmann S, Kendziorra E, Kerschhaggl M, Khangulyan D, Khélifi B, Keogh D, Kluźniak W, Kneiske T, Komin N, Kosack K, Lamanna G, Lenain JP, Lohse T, Marandon V, Martin JM, Martineau-Huynh O, Marcowith A, Maurin D, McComb TJL, Medina MC, Moderski R, Moulin E, Naumann-Godo M, de Naurois M, Nedbal D, Nekrassov D, Nicholas B, Niemiec J, Nolan SJ, Ohm S, Olive JF, de Oña Wilhelmi E, Orford KJ, Ostrowski M, Panter M, Paz Arribas M, Pedaletti G, Pelletier G, Petrucci PO, Pita S, Pühlhofer G, Punch M, Quirrenbach A, Raubenheimer BC, Raue M, Rayner SM, Renaud M, Rieger F, Ripken J, Rob L, Rosier-Lees S, Rowell G, Rudak B, Rulten CB, Ruppel J, Sahakian V, Santangelo A, Schlickeiser R, Schöck FM, Schröder R, Schwanke U, Schwarzburg S, Schwemmer S, Shalchi A, Sikora M, Skilton JL, Sol H, Spangler D, Stawarz Ł, Steenkamp R, Stegmann C, Stinzing F, Superina G, Szostek A, Tam PH, Tavernet JP, Terrier R, Tibolla O, Tluczykont M, van Eldik C, Vasileiadis G, Venter C, Venter L, Vialle JP, Vincent P, Vivier M, Völk HJ, Volpe F, Wagner SJ, Ward M, Zdziarski AA, Zech A, Anderhub H, Antonelli LA, Antoranz P, Backes M, Baixeras C, Balestra S, Barrio JA, Bastieri D, Becerra González J, Becker JK, Bednarek W, Berger K, Bernardini E, Biland A, Bock RK, Bonnoli G, Bordas P, Borla Tridon D, Bosch-Ramon V, Bose D, Braun I, Bretz T, Britvitch I, Camara M, Carmona E, Commichau S, Contreras JL, Cortina J, Costado MT, Covino S, Curtef V, Dazzi F, De Angelis A, De Cea del Pozo E, Delgado Mendez C, De los Reyes R, De Lotto B, De Maria M, De Sabata F, Dominguez A, Dorner D, Doro M, Elsaesser D, Errando M, Ferenc D, Fernández E, Firpo R, Fonseca MV, Font L, Galante N, García López RJ, Garczarczyk M, Gaug M, Goebel F, Hadasch D, Hayashida M, Herrero A, Hildebrand D, Höhne-Mönch D, Hose J, Hsu CC, Jogler T, Kranich D, La Barbera A, Laille A, Leonardo E, Lindfors E, Lombardi S, Longo F, López M, Lorenz E, Majumdar P, Maneva G, Mankuzhiyil N, Mannheim K, Maraschi L, Mariotti M, Martínez M, Mazin D, Meucci M, Miranda JM, Mirzoyan R, Miyamoto H, Moldón J, Moles M, Moralejo A, Nieto D, Nilsson K, Ninkovic J, Oya I, Paoletti R, Paredes JM, Pasanen M, Pascoli D, Pauss F, Pegna RG, Perez-Torres MA, Persic M, Peruzzo L, Prada F, Prandini E, Puchades N, Reichardt I, Rhode W, Ribó M, Rico J, Rissi M, Robert A, Rügamer S, Saggion A, Saito TY, Salvati M, Sanchez-Conde M, Satalecka K, Scalzotto V, Scapin V, Schweizer T, Shayduk M, Shore SN, Sidro N, Sierpowska-Bartosik A, Sillanpää A, Sitarek J, Sobczynska D, Spanier F, Stamerra A, Stark LS, Takalo L, Tavecchio F, Temnikov P, Tescaro D, Teshima M, Torres DF, Turini N, Vankov H, Wagner RM, Zabalza V, Zandanel F, Zanin R, Zapatero J. Radio Imaging of the Very-High-Energy γ-Ray Emission Region in the Central Engine of a Radio Galaxy. Science 2009; 325:444-8. [PMID: 19574351 DOI: 10.1126/science.1175406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Betz AJ, Vontell R, Valenta J, Worden L, Sink KS, Font L, Correa M, Sager TN, Salamone JD. Effects of the adenosine A 2A antagonist KW 6002 (istradefylline) on pimozide-induced oral tremor and striatal c-Fos expression: comparisons with the muscarinic antagonist tropicamide. Neuroscience 2009; 163:97-108. [PMID: 19467297 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2009] [Revised: 05/04/2009] [Accepted: 05/18/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Typical antipsychotic drugs, including haloperidol and pimozide, have been shown to produce parkinsonian motor effects such as akinesia and tremor. Furthermore, there is an antagonistic interaction between adenosine A(2A) and dopamine D(2) receptors in the basal ganglia, which is important for motor functions related to the production of parkinsonian symptoms. Several experiments were conducted to assess the effects of the selective adenosine A(2A) antagonist KW 6002 on both the motor and cellular effects of subchronic administration of pimozide. The motor test employed was tremulous jaw movements, which is used as a model of parkinsonian tremor. In addition, c-Fos expression in the ventrolateral neostriatum, which is the striatal area most associated with tremulous jaw movements, was used as a marker of striatal cell activity in animals that were tested in the behavioral experiments. Repeated administration of 1.0 mg/kg pimozide induced tremulous jaw movements and increased ventrolateral striatal c-Fos expression, while administration of 20.0 mg/kg of the atypical antipsychotic quetiapine did not. The tremulous jaw movements induced by pimozide were significantly reduced by co-administration of either the adenosine A(2A) antagonist KW 6002 or the muscarinic antagonist tropicamide. Pimozide-induced increases in ventrolateral striatal c-Fos expression were reduced by a behaviorally effective dose of KW 6002, but c-Fos expression in pimozide-treated rats was actually increased by tropicamide. These results indicate that two different drug manipulations that act to reduce tremulous jaw movements can have different effects on DA antagonist-induced c-Fos expression, suggesting that adenosine A(2A) antagonism and muscarinic receptor antagonism exert their motor effects by acting on different striatal circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Betz
- Department of Psychology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-1020, USA
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Moralejo A, Baixeras C, Bastieri D, Bednarek W, Bigongiari C, Biland A, Blanch O, Böck R, Bretz T, Chilingarian A, A Coarasa J, Colombo E, Commichau S, Contreras JL, Cortina J, De Angelis A, De los Reyes R, De Lotto B, Domingo C, Domingo E, Dorner D, Ferenc D, Fernández E, Flix J, Fonseca V, Font L, Galante N, Gaug M, Garczarczyk M, Gebauer J, Giannitrapani R, Giller M, Goebel F, Hengstebeck T, Jacon P, Jager OCD, Kalekin O, Kestel M, Kim KS, Kneiske T, Laatiaoui M, Laille A, Lindfors E, Longo F, López M, López J, Lorenz E, Lucarelli F, Mannheim K, Mariotti M, Martínez M, Mase K, Merck M, Meucci M, Mirzoyan R, Mizobuchi S, Moralejo A, Oña-Wilhelmi E, Orduña R, Paneque D, Paoletti R, Pasanen M, Pascoli D, Pauss F, Pavel N, Pegna R, Peruzzo L, Piccioli A, Pin M, Robert A, Saggion A, Sánchez A, Sartori P, Scalzotto V, Shinozaki K, Sillanpaa A, Sobczynska D, Stamerra A, Stark LS, Stepanian A, Stiehler R, Takalo L, Teshima M, Tonello N, Torres A, Turini N, Viertel G, Vitale V, Volkov S, Wagner R, Wibig T, Wittek W. The MAGIC Telescope for Gamma-Ray Astronomy above 30 GeV. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1088/1009-9271/3/s1/531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Aliu E, Anderhub H, Antonelli LA, Antoranz P, Backes M, Baixeras C, Barrio JA, Bartko H, Bastieri D, Becker JK, Bednarek W, Berger K, Bernardini E, Bigongiari C, Biland A, Bock RK, Bonnoli G, Bordas P, Bosch-Ramon V, Bretz T, Britvitch I, Camara M, Carmona E, Chilingarian A, Commichau S, Contreras JL, Cortina J, Costado MT, Covino S, Curtef V, Dazzi F, De Angelis A, De Cea del Pozo E, de los Reyes R, De Lotto B, De Maria M, De Sabata F, Delgado Mendez C, Dominguez A, Dorner D, Doro M, Elsässer D, Errando M, Fagiolini M, Ferenc D, Fernandez E, Firpo R, Fonseca MV, Font L, Galante N, Garcia Lopez RJ, Garczarczyk M, Gaug M, Goebel F, Hadasch D, Hayashida M, Herrero A, Höhne D, Hose J, Hsu CC, Huber S, Jogler T, Kranich D, La Barbera A, Laille A, Leonardo E, Lindfors E, Lombardi S, Longo F, Lopez M, Lorenz E, Majumdar P, Maneva G, Mankuzhiyil N, Mannheim K, Maraschi L, Mariotti M, Martinez M, Mazin D, Meucci M, Meyer M, Miranda JM, Mirzoyan R, Moles M, Moralejo A, Nieto D, Nilsson K, Ninkovic J, Otte N, Oya I, Paoletti R, Paredes JM, Pasanen M, Pascoli D, Pauss F, Pegna RG, Perez-Torres MA, Persic M, Peruzzo L, Piccioli A, Prada F, Prandini E, Puchades N, Raymers A, Rhode W, Ribó M, Rico J, Rissi M, Robert A, Rügamer S, Saggion A, Saito TY, Salvati M, Sanchez-Conde M, Sartori P, Satalecka K, Scalzotto V, Scapin V, Schweizer T, Shayduk M, Shinozaki K, Shore SN, Sidro N, Sierpowska-Bartosik A, Sillanpää A, Sobczynska D, Spanier F, Stamerra A, Stark LS, Takalo L, Tavecchio F, Temnikov P, Tescaro D, Teshima M, Tluczykont M, Torres DF, Turini N, Vankov H, Venturini A, Vitale V, Wagner RM, Wittek W, Zabalza V, Zandanel F, Zanin R, Zapatero J, de Jager O, de Ona Wilhelmi E. Observation of Pulsed γ-Rays Above 25 GeV from the Crab Pulsar with MAGIC. Science 2008; 322:1221-4. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1164718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Albert J, Aliu E, Anderhub H, Antonelli LA, Antoranz P, Backes M, Baixeras C, Barrio JA, Bartko H, Bastieri D, Becker JK, Bednarek W, Berger K, Bernardini E, Bigongiari C, Biland A, Bock RK, Bonnoli G, Bordas P, Bosch-Ramon V, Bretz T, Britvitch I, Camara M, Carmona E, Chilingarian A, Commichau S, Contreras JL, Cortina J, Costado MT, Covino S, Curtef V, Dazzi F, De Angelis A, De Cea del Pozo E, de los Reyes R, De Lotto B, De Maria M, De Sabata F, Mendez CD, Dominguez A, Dorner D, Doro M, Errando M, Fagiolini M, Ferenc D, FernaÌndez E, Firpo R, Fonseca MV, Font L, Galante N, LoÌpez RJG, Garczarczyk M, Gaug M, Goebel F, Hayashida M, Herrero A, HoÌhne D, Hose J, Hsu CC, Huber S, Jogler T, Kneiske TM, Kranich D, La Barbera A, Laille A, Leonardo E, Lindfors E, Lombardi S, Longo F, LoÌpez M, Lorenz E, Majumdar P, Maneva G, Mankuzhiyil N, Mannheim K, Maraschi L, Mariotti M, MartiÌnez M, Mazin D, Meucci M, Meyer M, Miranda JM, Mirzoyan R, Mizobuchi S, Moles M, Moralejo A, Nieto D, Nilsson K, Ninkovic J, Otte N, Oya I, Panniello M, Paoletti R, Paredes JM, Pasanen M, Pascoli D, Pauss F, Pegna RG, Perez-Torres MA, Persic M, Peruzzo L, Piccioli A, Prada F, Prandini E, Puchades N, Raymers A, Rhode W, RiboÌ M, Rico J, Rissi M, Robert A, RuÌgamer S, Saggion A, Saito TY, Salvati M, Sanchez-Conde M, Sartori P, Satalecka K, Scalzotto V, Scapin V, Schmitt R, Schweizer T, Shayduk M, Shinozaki K, Shore SN, Sidro N, Sierpowska-Bartosik A, SillanpaÌaÌ A, Sobczynska D, Spanier F, Stamerra A, Stark LS, Takalo L, Tavecchio F, Temnikov P, Tescaro D, Teshima M, Tluczykont M, Torres DF, Turini N, Vankov H, Venturini A, Vitale V, Wagner RM, Wittek W, Zabalza V, Zandanel F, Zanin R, Zapatero J. Very-High-Energy Gamma Rays from a Distant Quasar: How Transparent Is the Universe? Science 2008; 320:1752-4. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1157087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 314] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Albert
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - E. Aliu
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - H. Anderhub
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - L. A. Antonelli
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - P. Antoranz
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Backes
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - C. Baixeras
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J. A. Barrio
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - H. Bartko
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - D. Bastieri
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J. K. Becker
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - W. Bednarek
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - K. Berger
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - E. Bernardini
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - C. Bigongiari
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A. Biland
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - R. K. Bock
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - G. Bonnoli
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - P. Bordas
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - V. Bosch-Ramon
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - T. Bretz
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - I. Britvitch
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Camara
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - E. Carmona
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A. Chilingarian
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - S. Commichau
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J. L. Contreras
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J. Cortina
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. T. Costado
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - S. Covino
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - V. Curtef
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - F. Dazzi
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A. De Angelis
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - E. De Cea del Pozo
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - R. de los Reyes
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - B. De Lotto
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. De Maria
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - F. De Sabata
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - C. Delgado Mendez
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A. Dominguez
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - D. Dorner
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Doro
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Errando
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Fagiolini
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - D. Ferenc
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - E. FernaÌndez
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - R. Firpo
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. V. Fonseca
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - L. Font
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - N. Galante
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - R. J. GarciÌa LoÌpez
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Garczarczyk
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Gaug
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - F. Goebel
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Hayashida
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A. Herrero
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - D. HoÌhne
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J. Hose
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - C. C. Hsu
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - S. Huber
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - T. Jogler
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - T. M. Kneiske
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - D. Kranich
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A. La Barbera
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A. Laille
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - E. Leonardo
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - E. Lindfors
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - S. Lombardi
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - F. Longo
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. LoÌpez
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - E. Lorenz
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - P. Majumdar
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - G. Maneva
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - N. Mankuzhiyil
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - K. Mannheim
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - L. Maraschi
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Mariotti
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. MartiÌnez
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - D. Mazin
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Meucci
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Meyer
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J. M. Miranda
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - R. Mirzoyan
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - S. Mizobuchi
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Moles
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A. Moralejo
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - D. Nieto
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - K. Nilsson
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J. Ninkovic
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - N. Otte
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - I. Oya
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Panniello
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - R. Paoletti
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J. M. Paredes
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Pasanen
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - D. Pascoli
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - F. Pauss
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - R. G. Pegna
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. A. Perez-Torres
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Persic
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - L. Peruzzo
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A. Piccioli
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - F. Prada
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - E. Prandini
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - N. Puchades
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A. Raymers
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - W. Rhode
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. RiboÌ
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J. Rico
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Rissi
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A. Robert
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - S. RuÌgamer
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A. Saggion
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - T. Y. Saito
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Salvati
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Sanchez-Conde
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - P. Sartori
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - K. Satalecka
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - V. Scalzotto
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - V. Scapin
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - R. Schmitt
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - T. Schweizer
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Shayduk
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - K. Shinozaki
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - S. N. Shore
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - N. Sidro
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A. Sierpowska-Bartosik
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A. SillanpaÌaÌ
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - D. Sobczynska
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - F. Spanier
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A. Stamerra
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - L. S. Stark
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - L. Takalo
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - F. Tavecchio
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - P. Temnikov
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - D. Tescaro
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Teshima
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Tluczykont
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - D. F. Torres
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - N. Turini
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - H. Vankov
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A. Venturini
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - V. Vitale
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - R. M. Wagner
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - W. Wittek
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - V. Zabalza
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - F. Zandanel
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - R. Zanin
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J. Zapatero
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
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22
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Farrar AM, Font L, Pereira M, Mingote S, Bunce JG, Chrobak JJ, Salamone JD. Forebrain circuitry involved in effort-related choice: Injections of the GABAA agonist muscimol into ventral pallidum alter response allocation in food-seeking behavior. Neuroscience 2008; 152:321-30. [PMID: 18272291 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2007] [Revised: 12/20/2007] [Accepted: 12/27/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Organisms often make effort-related choices based upon assessments of motivational value and work requirements. Nucleus accumbens dopamine is a critical component of the brain circuitry regulating work output in reinforcement-seeking behavior. Rats with accumbens dopamine depletions reallocate their instrumental behavior away from food-reinforced tasks that have high response requirements, and instead they select a less-effortful type of food-seeking behavior. The ventral pallidum is a brain area that receives substantial GABAergic input from nucleus accumbens. It was hypothesized that stimulation of GABA(A) receptors in the ventral pallidum would result in behavioral effects that resemble those produced by interference with accumbens dopamine transmission. The present studies employed a concurrent choice lever pressing/chow intake procedure; with this task, interference with accumbens dopamine transmission shifts choice behavior such that lever pressing for food is decreased but chow intake is increased. In the present experiments, infusions of the GABA(A) agonist muscimol (5.0-10.0 ng) into the ventral pallidum decreased lever pressing for preferred food, but increased consumption of the less preferred chow. In contrast, ventral pallidal infusions of muscimol (10.0 ng) had no significant effect on preference for the palatable food in free-feeding choice tests. Furthermore, injections of muscimol into a control site dorsal to the ventral pallidum produced no significant effects on lever pressing and chow intake. These data indicate that stimulation of GABA receptors in ventral pallidum produces behavioral effects similar to those produced by accumbens dopamine depletions. Ventral pallidum appears to be a component of the brain circuitry regulating response allocation and effort-related choice behavior, and may act to convey information from nucleus accumbens to other parts of this circuitry. This research may have implications for understanding the brain mechanisms involved in energy-related psychiatric dysfunctions such as psychomotor retardation in depression, anergia, and apathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Farrar
- Department of Psychology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-1020, USA
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23
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Ortín X, Jaen-Martinez J, Rodríguez-Luaces M, Alvaro T, Font L. Fatal Pulmonary Hemorrhage in a Patient with Myelodysplastic Syndrome and Fulminant Pneumonia Caused by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Infection 2007; 35:201-2. [PMID: 17565466 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-007-6042-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2006] [Accepted: 12/21/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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24
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Perea G, Lasa A, Aventín A, Domingo A, Villamor N, Queipo de Llano MP, Llorente A, Juncà J, Palacios C, Fernández C, Gallart M, Font L, Tormo M, Florensa L, Bargay J, Martí JM, Vivancos P, Torres P, Berlanga JJ, Badell I, Brunet S, Sierra J, Nomdedéu JF. Prognostic value of minimal residual disease (MRD) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with favorable cytogenetics [t(8;21) and inv(16)]. Leukemia 2006; 20:87-94. [PMID: 16281071 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2404015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Most patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and t(8;21) or inv(16) have a good prognosis with current anthracycline- and cytarabine-based protocols. Tandem analysis with flow cytometry (FC) and real-time RT-PCR (RQ-PCR) was applied to 55 patients, 28 harboring a t(8;21) and 27 an inv(16), including one case with a novel CBFbeta/MYH11 transcript. A total of 31% (n=17) of CR patients relapsed: seven with t(8;21) and 10 with inv(16). The mean amount of minimal residual disease (MRD) detected by FC in relapsed and nonrelapsed patients was markedly different: 0.3 vs 0.08% (P=0.002) at the end of treatment. The mean number of fusion transcript copies/ ABL x 10(4) also differed between relapsed and non-relapsed patients: 2385 vs 122 (P=0.001) after induction, 56 vs 7.6 after intensification (P=0.0001) and 75 vs 3.3 (P=0.0001) at the end of chemotherapy. Relapses were more common in patients with FC MRD level >0.1% at the end of treatment than in patients with < or = 0.1%: cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR) was 67 and 21% (P=0.03), respectively. Likewise, using RQ-PCR, a cutoff level of >10 copies at the end of treatment correlated with a high risk of relapse: CIR was 75% for patients with RQ-PCR >10 compared to 21% for patients with RQ-PCR levels < or = 10 (P=0.04). Combined use of FC and RQ-PCR may improve MRD detection, and provide useful clinical information on relapse kinetics in AML patients.
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MESH Headings
- Acute Disease
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Chromosome Inversion
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8/genetics
- Cytogenetic Analysis
- Female
- Flow Cytometry
- Follow-Up Studies
- Humans
- Kinetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid/therapy
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm, Residual/diagnosis
- Neoplasm, Residual/genetics
- Neoplasm, Residual/therapy
- Prognosis
- Recurrence
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Risk Factors
- Survival Rate
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Affiliation(s)
- G Perea
- Hematology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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25
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Albert J, Aliu E, Anderhub H, Antoranz P, Armada A, Asensio M, Baixeras C, Barrio JA, Bartelt M, Bartko H, Bastieri D, Bavikadi SR, Bednarek W, Berger K, Bigongiari C, Biland A, Bisesi E, Bock RK, Bordas P, Bosch-Ramon V, Bretz T, Britvitch I, Camara M, Carmona E, Chilingarian A, Ciprini S, Coarasa JA, Commichau S, Contreras JL, Cortina J, Curtef V, Danielyan V, Dazzi F, De Angelis A, de los Reyes R, De Lotto B, Domingo-SantamariÌa E, Dorner D, Doro M, Errando M, Fagiolini M, Ferenc D, FernaÌndez E, Firpo R, Flix J, Fonseca MV, Font L, Fuchs M, Galante N, Garczarczyk M, Gaug M, Giller M, Goebel F, Hakobyan D, Hayashida M, Hengstebeck T, HoÌhne D, Hose J, Hsu CC, Isar PG, Jacon P, Kalekin O, Kosyra R, Kranich D, Laatiaoui M, Laille A, Lenisa T, Liebing P, Lindfors E, Lombardi S, Longo F, LoÌpez J, LoÌpez M, Lorenz E, Lucarelli F, Majumdar P, Maneva G, Mannheim K, Mansutti O, Mariotti M, MartiÌnez M, Mase K, Mazin D, Merck C, Meucci M, Meyer M, Miranda JM, Mirzoyan R, Mizobuchi S, Moralejo A, Nilsson K, OnÌa-Wilhelmi E, OrdunÌa R, Otte N, Oya I, Paneque D, Paoletti R, Paredes JM, Pasanen M, Pascoli D, Pauss F, Pavel N, Pegna R, Persic M, Peruzzo L, Piccioli A, Poller M, Pooley G, Prandini E, Raymers A, Rhode W, RiboÌ M, Rico J, Riegel B, Rissi M, Robert A, Romero GE, RuÌgamer S, Saggion A, SaÌnchez A, Sartori P, Scalzotto V, Scapin V, Schmitt R, Schweizer T, Shayduk M, Shinozaki K, Shore SN, Sidro N, SillanpaÌaÌ A, Sobczynska D, Stamerra A, Stark LS, Takalo L, Temnikov P, Tescaro D, Teshima M, Tonello N, Torres A, Torres DF, Turini N, Vankov H, Vitale V, Wagner RM, Wibig T, Wittek W, Zanin R, Zapatero J. Variable Very-High-Energy Gamma-Ray Emission from the Microquasar LS I +61 303. Science 2006; 312:1771-3. [PMID: 16709745 DOI: 10.1126/science.1128177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 308] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Microquasars are binary star systems with relativistic radio-emitting jets. They are potential sources of cosmic rays and can be used to elucidate the physics of relativistic jets. We report the detection of variable gamma-ray emission above 100 gigaelectron volts from the microquasar LS I 61 + 303. Six orbital cycles were recorded. Several detections occur at a similar orbital phase, which suggests that the emission is periodic. The strongest gamma-ray emission is not observed when the two stars are closest to one another, implying a strong orbital modulation of the emission or absorption processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Albert
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - E. Aliu
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - H. Anderhub
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - P. Antoranz
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - A. Armada
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - M. Asensio
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - C. Baixeras
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - J. A. Barrio
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - M. Bartelt
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - H. Bartko
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - D. Bastieri
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - S. R. Bavikadi
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - W. Bednarek
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - K. Berger
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - C. Bigongiari
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - A. Biland
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - E. Bisesi
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - R. K. Bock
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - P. Bordas
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - V. Bosch-Ramon
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - T. Bretz
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - I. Britvitch
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - M. Camara
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - E. Carmona
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - A. Chilingarian
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - S. Ciprini
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - J. A. Coarasa
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - S. Commichau
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - J. L. Contreras
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - J. Cortina
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - V. Curtef
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - V. Danielyan
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - F. Dazzi
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - A. De Angelis
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - R. de los Reyes
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - B. De Lotto
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - E. Domingo-SantamariÌa
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - D. Dorner
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - M. Doro
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - M. Errando
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - M. Fagiolini
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - D. Ferenc
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - E. FernaÌndez
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - R. Firpo
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - J. Flix
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - M. V. Fonseca
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - L. Font
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - M. Fuchs
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - N. Galante
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - M. Garczarczyk
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - M. Gaug
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - M. Giller
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - F. Goebel
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - D. Hakobyan
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - M. Hayashida
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - T. Hengstebeck
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - D. HoÌhne
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - J. Hose
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - C. C. Hsu
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - P. G. Isar
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - P. Jacon
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - O. Kalekin
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - R. Kosyra
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - D. Kranich
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - M. Laatiaoui
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - A. Laille
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - T. Lenisa
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - P. Liebing
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - E. Lindfors
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - S. Lombardi
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - F. Longo
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - J. LoÌpez
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - M. LoÌpez
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - E. Lorenz
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - F. Lucarelli
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - P. Majumdar
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - G. Maneva
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - K. Mannheim
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - O. Mansutti
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - M. Mariotti
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - M. MartiÌnez
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - K. Mase
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - D. Mazin
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - C. Merck
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - M. Meucci
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - M. Meyer
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - J. M. Miranda
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - R. Mirzoyan
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - S. Mizobuchi
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - A. Moralejo
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - K. Nilsson
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - E. OnÌa-Wilhelmi
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - R. OrdunÌa
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - N. Otte
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - I. Oya
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - D. Paneque
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - R. Paoletti
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - J. M. Paredes
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - M. Pasanen
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - D. Pascoli
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - F. Pauss
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - N. Pavel
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - R. Pegna
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - M. Persic
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - L. Peruzzo
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - A. Piccioli
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - M. Poller
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - G. Pooley
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - E. Prandini
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - A. Raymers
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - W. Rhode
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - M. RiboÌ
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - J. Rico
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - B. Riegel
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - M. Rissi
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - A. Robert
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - G. E. Romero
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - S. RuÌgamer
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - A. Saggion
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - A. SaÌnchez
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - P. Sartori
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - V. Scalzotto
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - V. Scapin
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - R. Schmitt
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - T. Schweizer
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - M. Shayduk
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - K. Shinozaki
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - S. N. Shore
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - N. Sidro
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - A. SillanpaÌaÌ
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - D. Sobczynska
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - A. Stamerra
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - L. S. Stark
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - L. Takalo
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - P. Temnikov
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - D. Tescaro
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - M. Teshima
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - N. Tonello
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - A. Torres
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - D. F. Torres
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - N. Turini
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - H. Vankov
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - V. Vitale
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - R. M. Wagner
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - T. Wibig
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - W. Wittek
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - R. Zanin
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - J. Zapatero
- UniversitaÌt WuÌrzburg, D-97074 WuÌrzburg, Germany
- Institut de FiÌsica d'Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- EidgenoÌssische Technische Hochschule ZuÌrich, CH-8093 ZuÌrich, Switzerland
- Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Universitat AutoÌnoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
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van Balen E, Font R, Cavallé N, Font L, Garcia-Villanueva M, Benavente Y, Brennan P, de Sanjose S. Exposure to non-arsenic pesticides is associated with lymphoma among farmers in Spain. Occup Environ Med 2006; 63:663-8. [PMID: 16757510 PMCID: PMC2078050 DOI: 10.1136/oem.2005.024026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To estimate the risk of lymphoma among farmers in Spain. METHODS This is a multicentre case control study conducted in Spain. Cases were subjects diagnosed with lymphoma according to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification in four hospitals between 1998-2002. Hospital controls were frequency matched to the cases by sex, age, and centre. All subjects were interviewed about jobs ever held in lifetime for at least one year and the exposures in those jobs were recorded. The risk of lymphomas among subjects ever having had a job as a farmer was compared with all other occupations. Farmers were analysed according to the type of farming job performed: crop farming, animal farming, and general farming. Occupational exposure was summarised into 15 main categories: organic dust, radiation, contact with animals, PAH, non-arsenic pesticides (carbamates, organophosphates, chlorinated hydrocarbons, triazines and triazoles, phenoxy herbicides, chlorophenols, dibenzodioxin, and dibenzofuran), arsenic pesticides, contact with meat, contact with children, solvents, asbestos, soldering fumes, organic colourants, polychlorinated biphenyls, ethylene oxide, and hair dyes. RESULTS Although farmers were not at an increased risk of lymphoma as compared with all other occupations, farmers exposed to non-arsenic pesticides were found to be at increased risk of lymphoma (OR = 1.8, 95% CI 1.1 to 2). This increased risk was observed among farmers working exclusively either as crop farmers or as animal farmers (OR = 2.8, 95% CI 1.3 to 5.8). Risk was highest for exposure to non-arsenic pesticides for over nine years (OR = 2.4, 95% CI 1.2 to 2.8). CONCLUSIONS Long term exposure to non-arsenic pesticides may induce lymphomagenesis among farmers.
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Affiliation(s)
- E van Balen
- Servei d'Epidemiologia i Registre del Càncer, Institut Català d'Oncologia, Barcelona, Spain
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Perea G, Domingo A, Villamor N, Palacios C, Juncà J, Torres P, Llorente A, Fernández C, Tormo M, Queipo de Llano MP, Bargay J, Gallart M, Florensa L, Vivancos P, Martí JM, Font L, Berlanga J, Esteve J, Bueno J, Ribera JM, Brunet S, Sierra J, Nomdedéu JF. Adverse prognostic impact of CD36 and CD2 expression in adult de novo acute myeloid leukemia patients. Leuk Res 2005; 29:1109-16. [PMID: 16095690 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2005.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2005] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES A consecutive series of acute myeloid leukemias (AML) patients was analyzed in conditions which reduce the inter-assay variations (the same flow cytometer, the same observers and the same panel of monoclonal antibodies) in order to investigate the prognostic information provided by flow cytometry. DESIGN AND METHODS Two hundred and sixty-six bone marrow (BM) samples from 326 patients enrolled in the LMA-99 protocol from the CETLAM group were studied by multiparametric flow cytometry. Immunophenotyping studies were performed on erythrocyte-lysed BM samples. Antigen expression of leukemic cells was analyzed using triple stainings with fluorochrome-conjugated combinations of monoclonal antibodies. RESULTS CD2 was positive in 21 cases (8%); an associated inv(16) was detected in eight CD2+ cases (38%). Two-year overall survival (OS) rate for CD2+/inv(16)+ patients was 75%, whereas it was 0% for CD2+/inv(16)- patients and 47% for CD2- patients (p=0.0001). CD36 was expressed in 37% of patients (n=98). Two-year leukemia-free survival (LFS) rate was 34% for CD36+ patients and 55% for CD36- patients (p=0.001). In the multivariate analysis, CD2+ (RR=8.4; p=0.0001) and adverse karyotype (RR=10.2; p=0.0001) were associated with a lower CR rate, CD36+ (RR=1.5; p=0.03), CD2+ (RR=2; p=0.04) and adverse karyotype (RR=4; p=0.0001) were associated with a lower OS and CD36+ (RR=2; p=0.002) and adverse karyotype (RR=3.5; p=0.005) predicted a lower LFS. CONCLUSIONS CD2+ patients had a very poor OS when CD2/inv(16)+ cases were excluded. CD36 and CD2 expression at diagnosis can provide prognostically important information in adult de novo AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Perea
- Laboratori d'Hematologia, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Avda Sant Antoni M. Claret, 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract
The complexity generated by the existence of a great number of parameters and processes affecting the generation of radon in the source, its transport in the source medium, its entry into a dwelling and its accumulation in the different rooms of a dwelling has led to the development of partial models and experimental studies that are focused on a given aspect. However, in order to model radon levels and dynamics in real houses, it is necessary to take into account all the parameters and processes affecting radon levels. This is the objective of the dynamic RAGENA model of radon generation, entry and accumulation indoors. The model has been adapted to a Mediterranean climate house under dynamic conditions, and the indoor radon and soil radon dynamics have been compared to experimental results. It has been found (i) that the model gives a soil radon dynamics similar to that obtained experimentally, (ii) a remarkable model-experiment agreement indoors and (iii) that the indoor radon dynamics is given by a permanent radon entry from building materials and a dynamic removal through ventilation, which is driven by indoor-outdoor temperature differences and wind speed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ll Font
- Grup de Física de les Radiacions, Departament de Física, Edifici Cc, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.
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Bladé J, San Miguel JF, Fontanillas M, Esteve J, Maldonado J, Alcalá A, Brunet S, García-Conde J, Besalduch J, Moro MJ, Fernández-Calvo J, Conde E, Font L, Gardella S, Carnero M, Carbonell F, Martí JM, Hernández-Martín J, Ortega F, Besses C, Ribera JM, Trujillo J, Escudero ML, Rozman C, Estapé J, Montserrat E. Increased conventional chemotherapy does not improve survival in multiple myeloma: long-term results of two PETHEMA trials including 914 patients. Hematol J 2002; 2:272-8. [PMID: 11920260 DOI: 10.1038/sj.thj.6200115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2000] [Accepted: 01/06/2001] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melphalan and prednisone (MP) has been the standard treatment for multiple myeloma (MM) for the last 30 years. Combination chemotherapy at conventional doses has not shown a significant prolongation of survival when compared to MP. There are few data comparing conventional chemotherapy at standard doses with conventional treatment at higher doses. We present the long-term outcome of 914 patients from two randomized trials comparing three different dose intensity regimens. METHODS From 1 January, 1985 to 31 December, 1989, 487 patients were randomized between MP (melphalan 9 mg/m(2) p.o. and prednisone 60 mg/m(2) days 1-4) and alternating VCMP (vincristine 1 mg i.v. on day 1, cyclophosphamide 500 mg/m(2) i.v. on day 1, melphalan 6 mg/m(2) p.o. on days 1-4, and prednisone 60 mg/m(2) on days 1-4) and VBAP (vincristine 1 mg i.v. on day 1, BCNU and doxorubicin 30 mg/m(2) i.v. each on day 1, and prednisone 60 mg/m(2) on days 1-4). From 1 January, 1990 to 31 May, 1994, 427 patients were randomized between VCMP/VBAP at the above detailed doses (VCMP/VBAP 'SD') and the same regimen increasing the doses of cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin from 500 to 1200 mg/m(2) and from 30 to 50 mg/m(2), respectively (VCMP/VBAP 'HD'). RESULTS Increasing dose intensity produced a significantly higher partial response rate (31% vs 45% vs 51% for MP, VCMP/VBAP 'SD', and VCMP/VBAP 'HD', respectively; P < 0.01). However, a significantly early death rate was observed in the HD arm (7.7, 7.5 and 12.1% for MP, VCMP/VBAP 'SD', and VCMP/VBAP 'HD', respectively; P = 0.05). Median duration of response (20 vs 18 vs 19 months for MP, VCMP/VBAP 'SD', and VCMP/VBAP 'HD', respectively; P = NS) and median survival (25 vs 31 vs 29 months for MP, VCMP/VBAP 'SD', and VCMP/VBAP 'HD', respectively; P = NS) were similar in the three groups. MP produced a higher degree of thrombocytopenia than combination chemotherapy at standard (P = 0.002) or high dose (P = 0.01), this leading to a significantly higher dose reduction in the MP arm (P < 0.001 and P = 0.003 for VCMP/VBAP 'SD' and VCMP/VBAP 'HD', respectively). CONCLUSION In these trials the response rate significantly correlated with the regimen intensity. However, no significant differences in response duration and survival were found. This highlights the limited role of conventional chemotherapy in MM and the need for further trials, aimed at determining the impact of new treatment approaches such as high-dose therapy/autotransplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bladé
- Spanish Cooperative Group for Hematological Malignancies Treatment (PETHEMA), Spanish Society of Hematology. Institut de Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer. Hospital Clínico. Barcelona. Spain.
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Albarracín D, Font L, Amgarou K, Domingo C, Fernández F, Baixeras C. Effect of soil parameters on radon entry into a building by means of the transrad numerical model. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2002; 102:359-364. [PMID: 12474947 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a006106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
High indoor radon concentration means an increased risk of developing lung cancer. When high radon levels are present in a dwelling, the major source is normally the soil. Therefore, it is useful to know the radon concentration field in the soil underneath a building. A steady-state two-dimensional radon transport model has been used to calculate the effect of a reference building on the soil radon concentration, and the influence of soil parameters on radon entry through a single crack in the basement. Both advective and diffusive flows are considered. Away from the building, the well-known undisturbed soil radon concentration profile has been obtained, while under the house the radon level is increased. A variability analysis around the reference site has shown that the most relevant soil parameters on the radon flux at the top of the crack are, in this case, effective diffusion coefficient, soil gas-permeability and deep soil radon concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Albarracín
- Grup de Física de les Radiacions, Edifici Cc Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
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Abstract
In order to evaluate the effect of hypotaurine on ethanol-induced locomotion, different groups of mice received an injection of saline or 5.62, 8.45, 11.25, 16.87 or 33.75 mg/kg of hypotaurine 30 min prior to administering ethanol (2.4 g/kg). The duration of the effect of hypotaurine was explored by treating animals with ethanol 0, 30, 60 and 90 min after hypotaurine pretreatment. The effect of hypotaurine on acute stimulating ethanol locomotion was evaluated by pretreating animals with saline or 11.25 mg/kg of hypotaurine 30 or 60 min before ethanol (1.6, 2.4, 3.2 g/kg) or saline injections. Hypotaurine (11.25 mg/kg) required 30 min to boost, specifically ethanol-stimulated locomotion (2.4 g/kg). These results suggest a central locus for the interaction, firstly, because blood ethanol levels were not different between hypotaurine and saline pretreated mice, and, secondly, because a cotreatment with beta-alanine (22 mg/kg), a beta-amino acid that counteracts the transfer of hypotaurine across the blood-brain barrier (BBB), prevented the enhancement in ethanol-induced locomotion produced by hypotaurine.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Font
- Area de Psicobiologia, Universitat Jaume I, Aptdo 221, 8029AP Castelló, 12080, Spain
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Amgarou K, Font L, Domingo C, Fernández F, Baixeras C. Simultaneous measurement of radon, radon progeny and thoron concentrations using Makrofol-DE detectors. RADIAT MEAS 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s1350-4487(01)00139-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Font L, Baixeras C, Domingo C. Uncertainty, variability and sensitivity analysis applied to the RAGENA model of radon generation, entry and accumulation indoors. Sci Total Environ 2001; 272:25-31. [PMID: 11379919 DOI: 10.1016/s0048-9697(01)00661-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The application of a radon model is useful to understand the processes that drive the radon gas behaviour from its sources to its accumulation indoors. Since in a given inhabited house the detailed knowledge of the values of all the parameters that affect indoor radon levels is not available, the response of the model has to be explored in a reference site in which all the parameters are supposed to be known. We call this site the reference configuration. In this paper we report on the procedure followed to carry out uncertainty, sensitivity and variability analysis of the model response for a reference configuration that corresponds to a single family multi-zone house. We have obtained from the uncertainty analysis that, assuming a normal distribution of all the input parameters with a 10% relative standard deviation (R.S.D.), the model outputs present a R.S.D. in the range 17-22%. The sensitivity analysis reflects, in general, a good behaviour of the model, in the sense that its response describes a realistic behaviour of the system. The variability analysis has shown that the model is applicable to a wide range of situations, and that the most relevant parameters for the reference configuration are: the soil gas-permeability (obtained from the mean soil grain diameter); the ventilation rate of the rooms; the air-exchange rate between the basement and room 2; the soil-indoor pressure difference; the open area; and the concrete radium content.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Font
- Grup de Física de les Radiacions, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.
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Amgarou K, Font L, Albarracı́n D, Domingo C, Fernández F, Baixeras C. Semi-automatic evaluation system for nuclear track detectors applied to radon measurements. RADIAT MEAS 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s1350-4487(00)00165-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Remacha AF, Arrizabalaga B, Villegas A, Manteiga R, Calvo T, Julià A, Fernández Fuertes I, González FA, Font L, Juncà J, del Arco A, Malcorra JJ, Equiza EP, de Mendiguren BP, Romero M. Erythropoietin plus granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes. Identification of a subgroup of responders. The Spanish Erythropathology Group. Haematologica 1999; 84:1058-64. [PMID: 10586205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Anemia leading to transfusion is probably the most important problem in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Human recombinant erythropoietin (rHuEpo) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) have been used to treat patients with anemia of MDS, but fewer than 50% respond. The aim of this work was to evaluate the benefit of rHuEpo +/- G-CSF treatment and to isolate the response predictive variables in a group of selected patients with MDS. DESIGN AND METHODS A non-randomized multicenter trial was carried out in 32 patients with MDS. The inclusion criteria were age >= 18 years, refractory anemia (RA) or refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts, Hb <= 100 g/L or receiving transfusions and serum erythropoietin <= 250 U/L. These patients were treated with subcutaneous rHuEpo (300 U/kg) three times a week for 8 weeks. In the case of partial response (PR) or no response (NR) subcutaneosly administered G-CSF (1 microg/kg) three times a week was added to the rHuEpo for 8 more weeks. If the patient achieved complete response (CR) or PR in the second phase, he was included in a follow-up phase of 24 weeks in which the dose of growth factors was tapered down. Several variables, including the score published by the Scandinavian-American group, were used as possible predictive variables. RESULTS An erythroid response was observed in 16 patients (50%); in 12 it was a CR and in 4 it was a PR. During the period of rHuEpo administration, 7 CR and 4 PR (34.4%) were documented. Of the 14 patients in whom G-CSF was added to rHuEpo, 7 (50%) responded (3 CR and 4 PR). No major side-effects associated with growth factors were observed. The multivariate analysis showed that of the different variables evaluated only the Scandinavian-American response score was significant with a relative probability of response of 11.8 (95% confident intervals: 2.5-53) when this score was > +1 (77% of cases responded). In contrast, when this score was <= 1 only 15 % of the cases responded. INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS Use of the Scandinavian-American response score is to be recommended in a patient-oriented approach to treating MDS cases with the Epo and G-CSF. Treatment with rHuEpo and G-CSF is safe, its main drawback being its cost. However, a long-term study evaluating the regimen's cost-benefit ratio is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- A F Remacha
- Hospital de Sant Pau, Hematology Department, Avda Padre Claret 167, Barcelona 08025, Spain.
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Vives Corrons JL, Zarza R, Aymerich JM, Boixadera J, Carrera A, Colomer D, Corbella M, Castro M, Crespo JM, Del Arco A, Erkiaga S, Font L, González I, Juncá J, Lausin A, Manrubia E, Martín Núñez G, Murga MJ, Oliva E, Pérez de Mendiguren B, Pujades MA, Remacha A, Rovira A, Villegas A. [Molecular analysis of glucose-6-dehydrogenase deficiency in Spain]. Sangre (Barc) 1997; 42:391-8. [PMID: 9424740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE G6PD deficiency is the most frequent enzymopathy-producing genetic polymorphism in humans. Up to now, over 400 putative variants of G6PD have been distinguished on the basis of biochemical characterization of the deficient enzyme. Analysis of the G6PD gene has made possible a precise classification of the G6PD molecular variants by identification of about 80 different point mutations causing much of the phenotypic heterogeneity. In the Spanish population, the analysis of G6PD has led to the identification of 15 different point mutations that underlay the phenotypic heterogeneity of G6PD previously reported by biochemical analysis. The purpose of the study has been to identify the genetic mutation responsible of the G6PD deficiency and to improve the knowledge of its genetic homogeneity. PATIENTS AND METHODS From 50 Spanish males with G6PD deficiency 34 came from out consultation and 16 from the Spanish Study Group on Red Cell Pathology (GEHBTA-Eritropatología) The methods employed included screening of prevalent mutations by ER-PCR, SSCP-PCR, genetic segmentation and biochemical characterization of the deficient enzyme. RESULTS In 31 cases the mutations were characteristic of the four most frequent polymorphic variants found in Spain (G6PD A-376G/202A, G6PD Mediterranean 563T G6PD Union 1360T and G6PD Seattle 344C). Since these mutations either create or abolish a specific site recognized by a restriction endonuclease (RE), they can be rapidly detected by RE digestion of a PCR-amplified product (PCR-RE). In patients where none of these mutations were present (17 cases), the G6PD gene was subjected to PCR single-strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) analysis combined with direct PCR-sequencing. By using this procedure, 9 new mutations have been identified, five of them have been also found in other geographical areas and were associated with favism (G6PD A-376G/968C, G6PD Santamaria 376G/542T, G6PD Aures 143C and G6PD Chatham 1003A) or chronic haemolytic anaemia (G6PD Tomah 1153C). The other four mutations are unique and not reported so far: Three of them are associated with favism (G6PD Málaga 542T, G6PD Murcia 209G and G6PD Valladolid 406T) and one with chronic haemolytic anaemia (G6PD Madrid 1155G). The remaining eight cases are under study. CONCLUSION The present study confirms the marked genetic heterogeneity of G6PD deficiency in Spain and demonstrate that the PCR-RE analysis is an easy tool for rapid diagnosis of the molecular defect in subjects with the common forms of G6PD deficiency. Furthermore the fact that G6PD A-376G/202A is the most common variant within Spanish population and the finding of G6PD Aures 43C and G6PD Santamaría 76G/542T, who are polymorphic in Algeria is consistent with a significant gene flow from Africa to Europe through Spain.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Vives Corrons
- Hospital Clinic i Provincial, Laboratorio Central de Hematología, Barcelona
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Alvaro T, Contreras E, Gumá J, Padrol C, Font L, Sirvent JJ, Martínez González S. [Monocytoid B-cell lymphoma: clinico-pathologic study of 2 cases]. Sangre (Barc) 1995; 40:63-6. [PMID: 7716675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Monocytoid B-cell lymphoma, considered as a low-grade lymphoma, is seen most frequently in persons of advanced age, chiefly women. It is often diagnosed in lymph-node phase, in low stages (I-II), and peripheral blood, bone-marrow or spleen are seldom involved. The morphologic and immunohistochemical study of two patients with monocytoid B-cell lymphoma is presented. The characteristic cell morphology, with homogeneous nuclei, low number of mitoses, and clear, wide cytoplasm, was present in both. Tumour cells expressed CD45, CD20, HLA-DR and monoclonal IgM-lambda and lambda chains, respectively. Case no. 1 had more irregular nuclei, protruding nucleoli, advanced stage at diagnosis and shorter clinical course. An epithelioid granulomatous reaction was present in case no. 2, which delayed the diagnosis until relapse. The diverse forms of clinical onset of monocytoid B-cell lymphoma, as well as its possibly aggressive course, association with other types of lymphoma and the difficulties for an adequate morphologic identification are commented.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Alvaro
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Verge de la Cinta, Tortosa, Tarragona
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López R, Fano R, Contreras R, Font L. [IgG antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii in Cuban blood donors]. Rev Latinoam Microbiol 1993; 35:207-10. [PMID: 8209116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Sera from 1036 donors at the Hemotherapy Service of the General Hospital "Luis Díaz Soto" were evaluated for IgG anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies. No significant difference was found among sexes. The presence of T. gondii antibodies were distributed in eight age categories; a minor and a major presence of specific IgG for the young and old age groups, respectively was found. The relationship of specific antibodies and ABO blood groups were considered for the masculine gender. The AB blood group a significant difference (P < 0.05), except for the B blood group in the rate of T. gondii antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- R López
- Centro Nacional de Biopreparados, La Habana, Cuba
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López R, Contreras R, Font L, Vega O. [Presence of antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii in adolescents from the African continent]. Rev Latinoam Microbiol 1992; 34:49-52. [PMID: 1345304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
It was determined the presence of antibodies anti-T. gondii in young, 13-16 year old, belonging to Republic Arab Saharaui; Popular Republic of Angola; Ethiopia and Republic of Ghana. From a total of 707 sera analyzed, the 71.43% of them showed the presence of specific antibodies. The prevalence of antibodies did not differ significantly (P > 0.05) between males and females in Angola and Republic Arab Saharaui. It was found a significant difference (P < 0.0001) among countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- R López
- Centro Nacional de Biopreparados, Habana, Cuba
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Juliá A, Olona M, Bueno J, Revilla E, Rosselló J, Petit J, Morey M, Flores A, Font L, Maciá J. Drug-induced agranulocytosis: prognostic factors in a series of 168 episodes. Br J Haematol 1991; 79:366-71. [PMID: 1751364 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1991.tb08042.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The prognostic value of 36 clinical and analytical parameters at diagnosis in patients with drug-induced agranulocytosis was analysed in an adult population. This multicentre, retrospective study examined possible prognostic factors by multiple logistic regression analysis in a series of 168 clinical episodes. The overall mortality was 16%. Renal insufficiency at diagnosis and the development of bacteraemia were associated with a poor prognosis. Advanced age, decreased leucocyte count, lymphocytopenia, bone marrow myeloid hypoplasia, increased percentage of bone marrow plasma cells and shock were found to be associated with a poor prognosis only in the univariate analysis. An independent analysis of the myeloid cellularity at diagnosis showed an inverse correlation with the time to recovery of the granulocyte counts (r = -0.43; P = 0.001). Our data indicate that despite some important clinical differences (higher incidence of infections of the oropharynx, shorter period of neutropenia and almost exclusive presence of gram-negative organisms), the infections complicating the treatment of cancer patients have the same prognostic features than those seen in patients with acute agranulocytosis. Therefore the established therapeutic guidelines for neutropenia after cancer chemotherapeutic agents are applicable to patients with acute agranulocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Juliá
- Hospital Vall d'Hebrón, Barcelona, Spain
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Font L, Baiget M, Contreras E, Huisman TH. [Hemoglobin F Catalonia. A new variant of fetal hemoglobin]. Sangre (Barc) 1991; 36:69. [PMID: 1712987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Pazdur R, Jackson D, Shepherd B, Saddler D, Font L, McCardell M, Myers P, Schmidt S. 5-Fluorouracil and recombinant interferon alfa-2a: review of activity and toxicity in advanced colorectal carcinomas. Oncol Nurs Forum 1991; 18:11-7. [PMID: 1997972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Improved response rates in metastatic colorectal carcinoma recently have been observed for the combination of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and recombinant interferon alfa-2a (rIFN), compared to those obtained in historical trials of single-agent 5-FU. The mechanism of interaction between these agents has not been explored adequately but may relate to biochemical modulation of 5-FU by rIFN. Toxicities resulting from this combination have included fever, chills, myalgias, granulocytopenia, mucositis, diarrhea, skin rash, neurological symptoms, and hand-foot syndrome. Future studies of 5-FU with rIFN should investigate schedules aimed at reducing toxicity without compromising efficacy and also should explore mechanisms of enhanced activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Pazdur
- Section of Gastrointestinal Oncology and Digestive Diseases, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
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Salinas-Argenté R, Sans-Sabrafen J, Buxó J, Font L. [Hodgkin's lymphoma and Kaposi's sarcoma. Infrequent association in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome]. Med Clin (Barc) 1990; 94:639. [PMID: 2381253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Abstract
Hb F-Catalonia, a G gamma chain variant with a Trp----Arg substitution at position gamma 15(A12), was observed in two Spanish newborn babies from Northeastern Spain. Analyses were performed with different reversed phase high performance liquid chromatographic procedures that allowed the identification of the amino acid replacement in only a minute quantity of the isolated G gamma X chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Plaseska
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta 30912-2100
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Deckmyn H, Font L, Van Hemelen C, Carreras LO, Defreyn G, Vermylen J. Low prostacyclin synthetase activity of fetal rat aorta. Progressive increase after birth. Life Sci 1983; 33:1491-7. [PMID: 6413801 DOI: 10.1016/0024-3205(83)90852-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Aortae from fetal or 3 weeks old rats produced very small amounts of PGI2, prostacyclin. This production increased from 4 weeks on, reaching adult values at about ten weeks. This maturation seemed to be predominantly determined by a change in the PGI2 synthetase system, rather than in arachidonic acid availability, phospholipase or cyclo-oxygenase activity. The anti-oxidant ascorbic acid stimulated prostacyclin production more strongly in adult than in young rat aortae. This finding suggests that the lower production of PGI2 by young tissues is not due to an enhanced inhibition of prostacyclin synthetase by lipid peroxides.
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