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Response to letter to the editor: Lost in Transition. J Pediatr Urol 2024:S1477-5131(24)00101-3. [PMID: 38443193 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2024.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
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Surgical timing and complications, with body image, quality of life, sexual function and genital sensation in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia. J Pediatr Urol 2024:S1477-5131(24)00018-4. [PMID: 38286725 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2024.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this project was to document the long-term outcomes relating to sexual function, genital sensation, body image and quality of life, in an Australian cohort of adolescent and adult women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) who have undergone feminising genitoplasty in infancy, childhood or adolescence. MATERIALS AND METHODS Identification and follow-up of women with CAH aged 12-40 years who had their first feminising genitoplasty or ongoing management at a single tertiary referral center with multidisciplinary care (n = 80). Medical records were reviewed for Prader stage, and operative outcomes. The prospective component of the study included tracing indivudals aged 12-40 years (n = 69), of whom 34 were contactable. Twenty-one responded to the invitation to participate in the study, completing some or all of a series of validated standardized questionnaires and/or participation in examination of external genital with sensation testing. Results were compared to a control population of similar age distribution (n = 23). RESULTS The median Prader stage was 3, median age at surgery was four months, median hospital stay of three days with 80 % of surgery undertaken by one surgeon. There was one major and eight minor complications. Re-operation rates were low. There was no difference between participants and controls in terms of sexual function, quality of life, or body image outcomes including genital appearance. Participants had increased sensitivity to soft touch on genital sensation testing compared to controls. Most participants (71 %) reported that early timing of surgery was 'good', four (19 %) felt their surgery was too late, one felt their surgery was too early, and one was unsure. Most were happy with the outcome of their surgery. DISCUSSION Outcomes after feminising genitoplasty are mixed and influenced not only by the surgery itself, but also the ongoing management of the condition alongside each patient's own cultural and social context. At present there is no comparative data available on the sexual, mental, body image and quality of life outcomes of young females with CAH who have had their operation delayed until adulthood. Our study is limited by low participant response rate, and difficulty recruiting 1:1 control population for all participants, but nevertheless provides some insight into the outcomes of these patients for which limited data is available. CONCLUSION In the population studied feminising genitoplasty in infancy and childhood had overall positive outcomes. This occurred in a tertiary center with expert multidisciplinary individualised care.
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Assessing the impact of a gynaecomastia assessment and treatment infographic in primary care in Greater Manchester. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2022; 104:174-180. [PMID: 34822303 PMCID: PMC9773909 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2021.0149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Men with gynaecomastia are routinely referred to breast clinics, yet most do not require breast surgical intervention. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of a novel point-of-care gynaecomastia decision infographic in primary care on the assessment, management and referral practices to tertiary breast surgical services. METHODS A study was carried out of male patient referrals from primary care in Greater Manchester to a tertiary breast centre between January and March in 2018-2020. Referral patterns were compared before and after the infographic went live in general practices in Greater Manchester in January 2020. Data were collected for gynaecomastia referrals, including aetiology, investigation and management. RESULTS In total, 394 men were referred to a tertiary breast centre from 163 general practices, of which 271 (68.8%) had a diagnosis of gynaecomastia. Use of the decision infographic by primary healthcare providers was associated with a decrease in male breast referrals with gynaecomastia (79.6% to 62.0%). Fewer gynaecomastia patients were referred with a benign physiological or drug-related cause after implementation of the infographic (52.2% vs 41.8%). Only 10 (3.7%) patients with gynaecomastia underwent breast surgery during the study period. CONCLUSION Implementation of a gynaecomastia infographic in primary care in Manchester was associated with a reduction in gynaecomastia referrals to secondary care. We hypothesise that implementation of the infographic into primary care nationally may potentially translate to hundreds of patients receiving more specialty-appropriate referrals, improving overall management of gynaecomastia. Further study is warranted to test this hypothesis.
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Analysis of radiation emission from MYRRHA spent fuel and implications for non-destructive safeguards verification. ANN NUCL ENERGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anucene.2021.108525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Genomic Features of Radiation-Associated Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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THE BEHAVIORAL RAPID RESPONSE TEAM: EARLY INTERVENTION TO DECREASE ASSAULTS. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.4962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Efficacité de la thérapie trimodale versus cystectomie radicale pour le traitement des tumeurs de vessie infiltrant le muscle localisées. Prog Urol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2016.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Use of patient navigation to improve diagnostic and treatment delays among patients with abnormal mammography results from a mobile unit. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.27_suppl.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
73 Background: Screening mammography is frequently the initial step to breast cancer diagnosis. Upon detection of an abnormality on a mammogram, the patient must undergo follow-up procedures for diagnosis and treatment. The objective of this study was to examine the diagnostic and treatment delays after detection of an abnormality on a mammogram performed at a mobile unit. Methods: During one-year beginning in February 2010, the mobile mammography unit of the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS) performed 1,547 mammograms in women who resided in counties that lacked a stationary mammography unit. Most of these counties are in rural areas with high poverty rates. The women were predominantly non-Hispanic white (62%) or African-American (36%) and 41% lacked health insurance. A patient navigator was available to assist patients through scheduling follow-up appointments, when needed. Diagnostic delay was defined as time from abnormal mammogram to biopsy that exceeded 60 days. Treatment delay was defined as time from abnormal mammogram to treatment initiation that exceeded 90 days. Results: A total of 14 cancer cases were detected among the 1,547 women screened. The median age of these patients was 56 years of age and ranged from 46-79 years. The median time from screening mammography to biopsy was 31.5 days and ranged from 9-92 days, and diagnostic delay occurred in 2 (14%) patients. The median time from screening mammography to treatment was 78 days and ranged from 37-199 days, and treatment delay occurred in 5 (36%) patients. Three of these patients were managed outside the UAMS health care system, one patient required bilateral mastectomies and one patient refused the initial treatment recommendation. Conclusions: Responsive health systems require vehicles to strengthen the continuum of breast care. With the use of a patient navigator, the proportion of patients with breast cancer who experienced diagnostic delays is comparable to that of other studies, but the proportion with treatment delays is higher than in other reports. Patient navigation provides a promising model to decrease diagnostic delays and improve access for the medically underserved.
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[P2.72]: Hyaluronic acid: A neural stem cell niche signal recapitulated in multiple sclerosis lesions? Int J Dev Neurosci 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2008.09.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Abstract
Is migration from isolated indigenous island communities to Panama City associated with an increase in stress? Individuals were randomly sampled from two Kuna communities: 325 individuals in Panama City and 133 on a Caribbean island. Stress was assessed through the Milcom questionnaire, which explores physical symptoms and symptoms relevant to mood and emotional state, and Cantril's ladder, which examines life satisfaction. Physical symptoms were more common in the urban community (p < 0.001), and complaints reflecting mood were also significantly higher on the mainland (p < 0.001); the two measures were highly correlated. While systolic and diastolic blood pressure was higher in the mainland community (p < 0.001), there was no relation between blood pressure level and any index of stress. Despite unambiguous evidence of an increase in stress in migrants to the city, there was no indication that the stress contributed to the rise in blood pressure level. Migration to an urban setting is associated with an increase in physical symptoms and symptoms reflecting depressed mood, suggesting increased stress level. Life satisfaction is less influenced, possibly providing a measure of the degree of stress.
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Abstract
A low sodium diet has often been implicated in the protection of low blood pressure populations from hypertension, but several other dietary factors, including those as yet unidentified, may also be involved. The Kuna Indians of Panama are free of hypertension and cardiovascular disease, but this is changing with migration to urban areas. We compared the indigenous diet of Kuna Indians living on remote islands in Panama (Ailigandi), whose lifestyle is largely hunter-gatherer, with those who have moved to a suburb of Panama City (Vera Cruz). Between April and October 1999, members of a Kuna research team administered a 118-item food frequency questionnaire to133 adult Kuna from Ailigandi and 183 from Vera Cruz. Single 24-hour urine collections and nonfasting blood samples were obtained. The Kuna in Ailigandi reported consuming a 10-fold higher amount of cocoa-containing beverages, 4 times the amount of fish, and twice the amount of fruit as urban Kuna (P<0.05 by t test). Salt added was ample among those living in Ailigandi and Vera Cruz according to both self-report (7.1+/-1.1 and 4.6+/-0.3 tsp weekly) and urinary sodium levels (177+/-9 and 160+/-7 mEq Na/g creatinine), respectively. The low blood pressure of island-dwelling Kuna does not seem to be related to a low salt diet. Among dietary factors that varied among migrating Kuna, the notably higher intake of flavanol-rich cocoa is a potential candidate for further study.
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Squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva presenting amongst gigantic vulval warts. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2005; 25:316. [PMID: 16147757 DOI: 10.1080/01443610500106769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Cytomegalovirus infection presenting as cholestasis? J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2005; 25:303-4. [PMID: 16147746 DOI: 10.1080/01443610500106595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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P-828 Collaborative working between a lung nurse and Palliative care team. Lung Cancer 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(05)81321-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
As awareness grows of the palliative care needs of those diagnosed with advanced life-threatening illness other than cancer, consideration needs to be given to how to address these needs. This paper focuses on palliative care for those with such diagnoses by describing variations in illness trajectory according to diagnosis, and exploring how this may affect provision of palliative care.
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Abstract
What are the most common themes of conflict between aging parents and their adult children? Six types emerged in a qualitative analysis of Longitudinal Study of Generations survey data: conflicts over (1) communication and interaction style; (2) habits and lifestyle choices; (3) child-rearing practices and values; (4) politics, religion, and ideology; (5) work habits and orientations; and (6) household standards or maintenance. There were generational differences: parents most often listed conflicts over habits and lifestyle choices, whereas children cited communication and interaction style. These results suggest a new agenda for gerontological research: intergenerational conflict in the context of solidarity within aging families.
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Age, renal perfusion and function in island-dwelling indigenous Kuna Amerinds of Panama. Nephron Clin Pract 1999; 82:131-8. [PMID: 10364705 DOI: 10.1159/000045389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Among possible contributors to a progressive fall in renal perfusion and function with increasing age, some hypotheses have invoked the rise in blood pressure that occurs with age, and a high-protein diet typical of urban cultures. Kuna Amerinds residing in isolated islands off the Panamanian Coast have a very low protein intake and show no tendency for blood pressure to rise with age, thus providing an opportunity to test these hypotheses. METHODS We measured renal plasma flow and glomerular filtration rate (PAH and inulin clearance) in 16 Kuna Indians ranging in age from 18 to 86 years (51 +/- 6 years) who have resided on Ailigandi, an isolated Panamanian island for all of their lives. Inulin and PAH were infused with a battery-driven pump for 60 min, and a metabolic clearance rate used to calculate inulin and PAH clearance. For comparison, we employed identical techniques in 29 residents of Boston, ranging in age from 19 to 79 years (52 +/- 4 years), all normotensive and free of disease or medication use. Twenty-four were Caucasian. RESULTS The Bostonian controls showed the anticipated fall in PAH clearance with age (y = 806 - 4.9 x; r = -0.82; f = 38.0; p < 0.0001). Our hypothesis was that the absence of a blood pressure rise with age and the low protein intake would flatten the slope relating renal perfusion to Kuna age. Our finding was a numerically steeper slope relating age and renal plasma flow in the Kuna (y = 936 - 6.48x; r = -0.81; p < 0.001). Filtration fraction rose with age in both populations, and again the rise was steeper in the Kuna. GFR in the Kuna, on the other hand, was very much higher at any age (139 +/- 4 ml/min/1.73 m2) than in Bostonians (112 +/- 3 ml/min/1.73 m2; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The findings are not in accord with the hypothesis that age-related changes in renal perfusion and glomerular filtration rate reflect an important contribution from blood pressure rise and a high protein intake, typical of modern, urban life.
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Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator-mediated corneal epithelial cell ingestion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a key component in the pathogenesis of experimental murine keratitis. Infect Immun 1999; 67:1481-92. [PMID: 10024598 PMCID: PMC96484 DOI: 10.1128/iai.67.3.1481-1492.1999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous findings indicate that the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is a ligand for Pseudomonas aeruginosa ingestion into respiratory epithelial cells. In experimental murine keratitis, P. aeruginosa enters corneal epithelial cells. We determined the importance of CFTR-mediated uptake of P. aeruginosa by corneal cells in experimental eye infections. Entry of noncytotoxic (exoU) P. aeruginosa into human and rabbit corneal cell cultures was inhibited with monoclonal antibodies and peptides specific to CFTR amino acids 108 to 117. Immunofluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry demonstrated CFTR in the intact murine corneal epithelium, and electron microscopy showed that CFTR binds to P. aeruginosa following corneal cell ingestion. In experimental murine eye infections, multiple additions of 5 nM CFTR peptide 103-117 to inocula of either cytotoxic (exoU+) or noncytotoxic P. aeruginosa resulted in large reductions in bacteria in the eye and markedly lessened eye pathology. Compared with wild-type C57BL/6 mice, heterozygous DeltaF508 Cftr mice infected with P. aeruginosa had an approximately 10-fold reduction in bacterial levels in the eye and consequent reductions in eye pathology. Homozygous DeltaF508 Cftr mice were nearly completely resistant to P. aeruginosa corneal infection. CFTR-mediated internalization of P. aeruginosa by buried corneal epithelial cells is critical to the pathogenesis of experimental eye infection, while in the lung, P. aeruginosa uptake by surface epithelial cells enhances P. aeruginosa clearance from this tissue.
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Epidemic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strain--Ontario. CANADA COMMUNICABLE DISEASE REPORT = RELEVE DES MALADIES TRANSMISSIBLES AU CANADA 1998; 24:47-9. [PMID: 9583242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Abstract
In September 1994, a complaint was registered at a public health unit concerning a cheese product. In addition, public health laboratories in Ontario reported an increase in the number of isolates of Salmonella berta from patients with diarrhoeal illness. A clinical, environmental and laboratory investigation was initiated to determine the nature of this outbreak. Isolates of Salmonella berta were compared using large fragment genomic fingerprinting by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). By late October, 82 clinical cases had been identified including 35 confirmed, 44 suspected and 3 secondary. The investigation linked illness to consumption of an unpasteurized soft cheese product produced on a farm and sold at farmers' markets. Subtyping results of patient, cheese and chicken isolates were indistinguishable, suggesting that the cheese was contaminated by chicken carcasses during production. The outbreak illustrates the potential role of uninspected home-based food producers and of cross-contamination in the transmission of foodborne bacterial pathogens.
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A flexible computer-based technique for the analysis of data from a sea-going nutrient autoanalyser. Anal Chim Acta 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(96)00630-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Hospital outbreak of Escherichia coli O157:H7 associated with a rare phage type--Ontario. CANADA COMMUNICABLE DISEASE REPORT = RELEVE DES MALADIES TRANSMISSIBLES AU CANADA 1997; 23:33-6; discussion 36-7. [PMID: 9094790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Abstract
The indigenous Kuna who live on islands in the Panamanian Caribbean were among the first communities described with little age-related rise in blood pressure or hypertension. Our goals in this study were to ascertain whether isolated island-dwelling Kuna continue to show this pattern, whether migration to Panama City and its environs changed the patterns, and whether the island-dwelling Kuna have maintained their normal blood pressure levels despite partial acculturation, reflected in an increased salt intake. We enrolled 316 Kuna participants who ranged in age from 18 to 82 years. In 50, homogeneity was confirmed by documentation of an O+ blood group. In 92 island dwellers, diastolic hypertension was not identified and blood pressure levels were as low in volunteers over 60 years of age as in those between 20 and 30 years of age. In Panama City, conversely, hypertension prevalence was 10.7% and exceeded 45% in those over 60 years of age (P < .01), blood pressure levels were higher in the elderly, and there was a statistically significant positive relationship between age and blood pressure (P < .01). In Kuna Nega, a Panama City suburb designed to maintain a traditional Kuna lifestyle but with access to the city, all findings were intermediate. Sodium intake and excretion assessed in 50 island-dwelling Kuna averaged 135 +/- 15 mEq/g creatinine per 24 hours, exceeding substantially other communities free of hypertension and an age-related rise in blood pressure. Despite partial acculturation, the island-dwelling Kuna Indians are protected from hypertension and thus provide an attractive population for examining alternative mechanisms.
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Presentation to Senate Finance Committee Subcommittee on Health. Concerning Maryland Medicaid managed care program draft regulations. MARYLAND MEDICAL JOURNAL (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1985) 1996; 45:978-9. [PMID: 8987344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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1997 legislative prospectus. MARYLAND MEDICAL JOURNAL (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1985) 1996; 45:984-6. [PMID: 8987345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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HCACC: a payment system primer--uniform reimbursement system includes potential for physician fee regulation. MARYLAND MEDICAL JOURNAL (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1985) 1996; 45:895-7. [PMID: 8942162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Radiology/pathology conference from Robert Wood Johnson Medical School. NEW JERSEY MEDICINE : THE JOURNAL OF THE MEDICAL SOCIETY OF NEW JERSEY 1995; 92:583-6. [PMID: 7566674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory pseudotumor of the heart is a benign tumor-like lesion consisting of reparitive granulation tissue with fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, and plasma cells predominating. This lesion is commonly seen in the lungs. The authors present this case report to stimulate discussion.
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Abstract
The prognostic implications of minor grades of abnormality on cervical cytology are unclear. Women attending genitourinary medicine clinics who had cytology showing inflammatory changes with or without koilocytosis or borderline dyskaryosis have a high incidence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and genital infection. Of 119 patients who had a colposcopically directed cervical biopsy after one smear showing these changes, 46 (38%) had cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Seventy-eight (57%) of 138 women had genital infection of whom 26 (33%) had a sexually transmitted disease. We recommend vigilant follow-up of borderline cytology including colposcopy if adequate facilities exist.
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Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa produces phospholipase C (PLC), a heat-labile hemolysin. Histopathological analysis of PLC-treated mice revealed that the primary target organs involved in PLC-induced toxicity were the liver and kidney. Mice treated i.v. with PLC demonstrated significant tubular epithelial necrosis of the kidney with hematuria, while when given i.p. they exhibited hepatonecrosis with cellular infiltration. Splenomegaly was also a consistent finding. Results from in vitro studies indicate that PLC is toxic for mouse peritoneal cells and human leukocytes.
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Coronary heart disease--a subjective perspective. INTENSIVE CARE NURSING 1988; 4:34-7. [PMID: 3351279 DOI: 10.1016/0266-612x(88)90021-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Relationships between IQ and neuropsychological measures in neuropsychiatric populations: within-laboratory and cross-cultural replications using WAIS and WAIS-R. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 1987; 9:545-62. [PMID: 3667899 DOI: 10.1080/01688638708410768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have reported positive correlations between measures of intelligence (a quasi-subject variable) and level of performance on neuropsychological tests; few, however, have presented test results by IQ grouping, which could be useful for comparative purposes. The present study examined the relationships of WAIS and WAIS-R Full Scale IQ to performance on a neuropsychological battery consisting of the Halstead-Reitan Battery (HRB), the Wide Range Achievement Test (WRAT), and the Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS). Four mixed neuropsychiatric samples provided cross-cultural and within-laboratory replications, two tested with WAIS and two with WAIS-R. Means and standard deviations for each measure were presented by five IQ levels within each sample. IQ was strongly related to scores on problem-solving tasks, auditory and linguistic measures, memory tasks, academic achievement levels, and tactual imperceptions, while motor functioning and sensory suppressions were less strongly related to IQ. IQ level was related to educational level in all samples. Correlations of years of education with dependent variables in the two WAIS-R samples were strong and replicable for WRAT scores, verbal memory measures, linguistic errors on the Aphasia Screening Test, and finger-tapping speeds but not for other HRB measures. Finally, IQ-HRB relationships were compared to those reported for other populations.
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Age group differences on neuropsychological battery performance in a neuropsychiatric population: an international descriptive study with replications. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 1987; 2:1-12. [PMID: 14589567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship of age to performance on the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Battery was examined in three samples drawn from neuropsychiatric populations: an initial sample of 217 subjects, a within-laboratory replication of 307 subjects, and a cross-national replication sample of 101 subjects. The results showed significant relationships of age to subtests of the Halstead-Reitan Battery involving problem-solving abilities and motor strength, which were replicated across the three samples. Verbal and perceptual subtests were not consistently related to age across samples. For those problem-solving and motor tests showing replicated correlations with age. mean scores are provided for three age groups (16-34, 35-54, and 55 and above), and group differences were tested with analysis of variance. These results help clarify for which measures age group differences are consistent in neuropsychiatric populations. Implications of these results for treatment program planning are discussed
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Age group differences on neuropsychological battery performance in a neuropsychiatric population: An international descriptive study with replications. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 1987. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/2.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Abstract
Research on the effects of multiple roles on women's health has in the past been conducted within the context of two competing hypotheses: the scarcity hypothesis and the expansion hypothesis. Empirical evidence is more supportive of the expansion than the scarcity hypothesis, i.e., women who occupy several roles are healthier than those with few. However, this generalization obscures important health differentials related to types of roles occupied and attributes of those roles. Research on multiple roles is now shifting from examining numbers of roles to analyzing the effects of specific role combinations, patterns, and characteristics. Further research is needed to identify ways in which rewards and stresses within each role interact to produce health outcomes.
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Neurobehavioral approach to classification of psychiatric patients using a competency model. J Consult Clin Psychol 1985. [PMID: 3980826 DOI: 10.1037//0022-006x.53.1.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Neurobehavioral approach to classification of psychiatric patients using a competency model. J Consult Clin Psychol 1985; 53:33-42. [PMID: 3980826 DOI: 10.1037/0022-006x.53.1.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Abstract
Records from 495 psychiatric patients from two neuropsychology laboratories indicated the Fingertip Number Writing test shows a significant and reliable left-hand advantage within and between laboratories. While the left-hand advantage may reflect a right-hemisphere superiority for tactile-spatial processing, it is not possible to distinguish between right hemispheric functional superiority and practice effects between hands because the standard fingertip writing task always starts with the right hand.
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Abstract
Although auditory hallucinations in schizophrenic patients are usually thought to be private events, several early writers observed vocalizations concurrent with hallucinations. The content of such vocalizations corresponded to what the voices were reported to have said. A schizophrenic patient is described whose whispers were increased to an intelligible level by the use of auditory feedback. This has implications for the self-control of hallucinations, and for neurological theories of verbal hallucinations.
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Owen H. Wangensteen, MD, PhD, dead at 82. JAMA 1981; 245:816. [PMID: 7007678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Risk factors for myocardial infarction associated with the Chicago snowstorm of jan 13- 15, 1979. JAMA 1981; 245:164-5. [PMID: 7452833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Sixty male survivors of acute myocardial infarction in the week after the Chicago blizzard of Jan 15, 1979, were matched by hospital and sex with 60 myocardial infarction survivors from a week without snowfall to determine whether a history of previous heart disease or of cardiac risk factors increased the risk of a postblizzard myocardial infarction. Cases did not differ significantly from control subjects with respect to age, percentage working full time, or percentage with a history of heart disease, hypertension, smoking, diabetes mellitus, obesity, or gout. Hypercholesterolemia was four times as common among cases as among controls.
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Fire ants are stinging nine southern states. JAMA 1979; 241:2689-90. [PMID: 448806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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44
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Abstract
The role of visual imagery in the bidirectional control of heart rate (HR) was explored in 24 subjects. While voluntary HR increases were reliably demonstrated with and without HR feedback, appropriate HR decreases were modest and inconsistent. Changes in respiration rate (RR) generally paralleled the alterations in HR. Eighteen of the subjects reported conventionally using visual imagery to effect HR changes. For these subjects, vividness of visual imagery scores and the extent of HR change showed indications of a direct relationship in the HR increase condition. However, in the HR decrease condition, it was concomitant RR changes which were associated with the vividness and the control of imagery production. The remaining six subjects, who reported not employing visual imagery, demonstrated superior HR acceleration to the imaging subjects. Further, while the imaging subjects did not benefit from the introduction of feedback, the six non-imaging subjects showed reliably greater HR acceleration as a result of feedback introduction.
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