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Nievergelt CM, Maihofer AX, Atkinson EG, Chen CY, Choi KW, Coleman JRI, Daskalakis NP, Duncan LE, Polimanti R, Aaronson C, Amstadter AB, Andersen SB, Andreassen OA, Arbisi PA, Ashley-Koch AE, Austin SB, Avdibegoviç E, Babić D, Bacanu SA, Baker DG, Batzler A, Beckham JC, Belangero S, Benjet C, Bergner C, Bierer LM, Biernacka JM, Bierut LJ, Bisson JI, Boks MP, Bolger EA, Brandolino A, Breen G, Bressan RA, Bryant RA, Bustamante AC, Bybjerg-Grauholm J, Bækvad-Hansen M, Børglum AD, Børte S, Cahn L, Calabrese JR, Caldas-de-Almeida JM, Chatzinakos C, Cheema S, Clouston SAP, Colodro-Conde L, Coombes BJ, Cruz-Fuentes CS, Dale AM, Dalvie S, Davis LK, Deckert J, Delahanty DL, Dennis MF, Desarnaud F, DiPietro CP, Disner SG, Docherty AR, Domschke K, Dyb G, Kulenović AD, Edenberg HJ, Evans A, Fabbri C, Fani N, Farrer LA, Feder A, Feeny NC, Flory JD, Forbes D, Franz CE, Galea S, Garrett ME, Gelaye B, Gelernter J, Geuze E, Gillespie CF, Goleva SB, Gordon SD, Goçi A, Grasser LR, Guindalini C, Haas M, Hagenaars S, Hauser MA, Heath AC, Hemmings SMJ, Hesselbrock V, Hickie IB, Hogan K, Hougaard DM, Huang H, Huckins LM, Hveem K, Jakovljević M, Javanbakht A, Jenkins GD, Johnson J, Jones I, Jovanovic T, Karstoft KI, Kaufman ML, Kennedy JL, Kessler RC, Khan A, Kimbrel NA, King AP, Koen N, Kotov R, Kranzler HR, Krebs K, Kremen WS, Kuan PF, Lawford BR, Lebois LAM, Lehto K, Levey DF, Lewis C, Liberzon I, Linnstaedt SD, Logue MW, Lori A, Lu Y, Luft BJ, Lupton MK, Luykx JJ, Makotkine I, Maples-Keller JL, Marchese S, Marmar C, Martin NG, Martínez-Levy GA, McAloney K, McFarlane A, McLaughlin KA, McLean SA, Medland SE, Mehta D, Meyers J, Michopoulos V, Mikita EA, Milani L, Milberg W, Miller MW, Morey RA, Morris CP, Mors O, Mortensen PB, Mufford MS, Nelson EC, Nordentoft M, Norman SB, Nugent NR, O'Donnell M, Orcutt HK, Pan PM, Panizzon MS, Pathak GA, Peters ES, Peterson AL, Peverill M, Pietrzak RH, Polusny MA, Porjesz B, Powers A, Qin XJ, Ratanatharathorn A, Risbrough VB, Roberts AL, Rothbaum AO, Rothbaum BO, Roy-Byrne P, Ruggiero KJ, Rung A, Runz H, Rutten BPF, de Viteri SS, Salum GA, Sampson L, Sanchez SE, Santoro M, Seah C, Seedat S, Seng JS, Shabalin A, Sheerin CM, Silove D, Smith AK, Smoller JW, Sponheim SR, Stein DJ, Stensland S, Stevens JS, Sumner JA, Teicher MH, Thompson WK, Tiwari AK, Trapido E, Uddin M, Ursano RJ, Valdimarsdóttir U, Van Hooff M, Vermetten E, Vinkers CH, Voisey J, Wang Y, Wang Z, Waszczuk M, Weber H, Wendt FR, Werge T, Williams MA, Williamson DE, Winsvold BS, Winternitz S, Wolf C, Wolf EJ, Xia Y, Xiong Y, Yehuda R, Young KA, Young RM, Zai CC, Zai GC, Zervas M, Zhao H, Zoellner LA, Zwart JA, deRoon-Cassini T, van Rooij SJH, van den Heuvel LL, Stein MB, Ressler KJ, Koenen KC. Genome-wide association analyses identify 95 risk loci and provide insights into the neurobiology of post-traumatic stress disorder. Nat Genet 2024; 56:792-808. [PMID: 38637617 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-024-01707-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) genetics are characterized by lower discoverability than most other psychiatric disorders. The contribution to biological understanding from previous genetic studies has thus been limited. We performed a multi-ancestry meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies across 1,222,882 individuals of European ancestry (137,136 cases) and 58,051 admixed individuals with African and Native American ancestry (13,624 cases). We identified 95 genome-wide significant loci (80 new). Convergent multi-omic approaches identified 43 potential causal genes, broadly classified as neurotransmitter and ion channel synaptic modulators (for example, GRIA1, GRM8 and CACNA1E), developmental, axon guidance and transcription factors (for example, FOXP2, EFNA5 and DCC), synaptic structure and function genes (for example, PCLO, NCAM1 and PDE4B) and endocrine or immune regulators (for example, ESR1, TRAF3 and TANK). Additional top genes influence stress, immune, fear and threat-related processes, previously hypothesized to underlie PTSD neurobiology. These findings strengthen our understanding of neurobiological systems relevant to PTSD pathophysiology, while also opening new areas for investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline M Nievergelt
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, San Diego, CA, USA.
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, Research Service, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - Adam X Maihofer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, San Diego, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, Research Service, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth G Atkinson
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chia-Yen Chen
- Biogen Inc.,Translational Sciences, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Karmel W Choi
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan R I Coleman
- King's College London, National Institute for Health and Care Research Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- King's College London, Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Nikolaos P Daskalakis
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- McLean Hospital, Center of Excellence in Depression and Anxiety Disorders, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Laramie E Duncan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Renato Polimanti
- VA Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Cindy Aaronson
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Ananda B Amstadter
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Soren B Andersen
- The Danish Veteran Centre, Research and Knowledge Centre, Ringsted, Denmark
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- Oslo University Hospital, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo, Norway
- University of Oslo, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Oslo, Norway
| | - Paul A Arbisi
- Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Mental Health Service Line, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - S Bryn Austin
- Boston Children's Hospital, Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Esmina Avdibegoviç
- Department of Psychiatry, University Clinical Center of Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Dragan Babić
- Department of Psychiatry, University Clinical Center of Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Silviu-Alin Bacanu
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Dewleen G Baker
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, San Diego, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, Psychiatry Service, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Anthony Batzler
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jean C Beckham
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Research, Durham VA Health Care System, Durham, NC, USA
- VA Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Genetics Research Laboratory, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Sintia Belangero
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Laboratory of Integrative Neuroscience, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Corina Benjet
- Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatraía Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Center for Global Mental Health, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carisa Bergner
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Comprehensive Injury Center, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Linda M Bierer
- Department of Psychiatry, James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Joanna M Biernacka
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Laura J Bierut
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jonathan I Bisson
- Cardiff University, National Centre for Mental Health, MRC Centre for Psychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff, UK
| | - Marco P Boks
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Elizabeth A Bolger
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Amber Brandolino
- Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma & Acute Care Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Gerome Breen
- King's College London, Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
- King's College London, NIHR Maudsley BRC, London, UK
| | - Rodrigo Affonseca Bressan
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Laboratory of Integrative Neuroscience, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Richard A Bryant
- University of New South Wales, School of Psychology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Angela C Bustamante
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jonas Bybjerg-Grauholm
- Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Marie Bækvad-Hansen
- Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anders D Børglum
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Aarhus University, Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine-Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Sigrid Børte
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Trondheim, Norway
- Oslo University Hospital, Department of Research, Innovation and Education, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo, Norway
| | - Leah Cahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Joseph R Calabrese
- Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Chris Chatzinakos
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- McLean Hospital, Division of Depression and Anxiety Disorders, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Sheraz Cheema
- University of Toronto, CanPath National Coordinating Center, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sean A P Clouston
- Stony Brook University, Family, Population, and Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Stony Brook University, Public Health, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Lucía Colodro-Conde
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Mental Health & Neuroscience Program, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Brandon J Coombes
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Carlos S Cruz-Fuentes
- Department of Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatraía Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Anders M Dale
- Department of Radiology, Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Shareefa Dalvie
- Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Division of Human Genetics, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Lea K Davis
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jürgen Deckert
- University Hospital of Würzburg, Center of Mental Health, Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Würzburg, Denmark
| | | | - Michelle F Dennis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Research, Durham VA Health Care System, Durham, NC, USA
- VA Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Genetics Research Laboratory, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Frank Desarnaud
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Christopher P DiPietro
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
- McLean Hospital, Division of Depression and Anxiety Disorders, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Seth G Disner
- Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Research Service Line, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Anna R Docherty
- Huntsman Mental Health Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Katharina Domschke
- University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Basics in Neuromodulation, Freiburg, Denmark
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Denmark
| | - Grete Dyb
- University of Oslo, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian Centre for Violence and Traumatic Stress Studies, Oslo, Norway
| | - Alma Džubur Kulenović
- Department of Psychiatry, University Clinical Center of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Howard J Edenberg
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Alexandra Evans
- Cardiff University, National Centre for Mental Health, MRC Centre for Psychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff, UK
| | - Chiara Fabbri
- King's College London, Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Negar Fani
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lindsay A Farrer
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adriana Feder
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Norah C Feeny
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Janine D Flory
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
| | - David Forbes
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Carol E Franz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sandro Galea
- Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Melanie E Garrett
- Duke University, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Bizu Gelaye
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- VA Connecticut Healthcare Center, Psychiatry Service, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Genetics and Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Elbert Geuze
- Netherlands Ministry of Defence, Brain Research and Innovation Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, UMC Utrecht Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Charles F Gillespie
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Slavina B Goleva
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Nashville, TN, USA
- National Institutes of Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Scott D Gordon
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Mental Health & Neuroscience Program, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Aferdita Goçi
- Department of Psychiatry, University Clinical Centre of Kosovo, Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Lana Ruvolo Grasser
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciencess, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Camila Guindalini
- Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation, Greenslopes Private Hospital, Greenslopes, Queensland, Australia
| | - Magali Haas
- Cohen Veterans Bioscience, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Saskia Hagenaars
- King's College London, National Institute for Health and Care Research Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- King's College London, Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Michael A Hauser
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Andrew C Heath
- Department of Genetics, Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sian M J Hemmings
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
- SAMRC Genomics of Brain Disorders Research Unit, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Victor Hesselbrock
- University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Psychiatry, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Ian B Hickie
- University of Sydney, Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kelleigh Hogan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, San Diego, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, Research Service, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - David Michael Hougaard
- Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Hailiang Huang
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laura M Huckins
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kristian Hveem
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Miro Jakovljević
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Center of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Arash Javanbakht
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciencess, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Gregory D Jenkins
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jessica Johnson
- Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Ian Jones
- Cardiff University, National Centre for Mental Health, Cardiff University Centre for Psychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff, UK
| | - Tanja Jovanovic
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Karen-Inge Karstoft
- The Danish Veteran Centre, Research and Knowledge Centre, Ringsted, Denmark
- Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Milissa L Kaufman
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - James L Kennedy
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Neurogenetics Section, Molecular Brain Science Department, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Tanenbaum Centre for Pharmacogenetics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ronald C Kessler
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alaptagin Khan
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Nathan A Kimbrel
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- VA Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Genetics Research Laboratory, Durham, NC, USA
- Durham VA Health Care System, Mental Health Service Line, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Anthony P King
- The Ohio State University, College of Medicine, Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Nastassja Koen
- University of Cape Town, Department of Psychiatry & Neuroscience Institute, SA MRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Roman Kotov
- Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Henry R Kranzler
- Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kristi Krebs
- University of Tartu, Institute of Genomics, Estonian Genome Center, Tartu, Estonia
| | - William S Kremen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Pei-Fen Kuan
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Bruce R Lawford
- Queensland University of Technology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | - Lauren A M Lebois
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- McLean Hospital, Center of Excellence in Depression and Anxiety Disorders, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Kelli Lehto
- University of Tartu, Institute of Genomics, Estonian Genome Center, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Daniel F Levey
- VA Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Catrin Lewis
- Cardiff University, National Centre for Mental Health, MRC Centre for Psychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff, UK
| | - Israel Liberzon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Sarah D Linnstaedt
- Department of Anesthesiology, UNC Institute for Trauma Recovery, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Mark W Logue
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Boston University School of Medicine, Psychiatry, Biomedical Genetics, Boston, MA, USA
- VA Boston Healthcare System, National Center for PTSD, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adriana Lori
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Benjamin J Luft
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Michelle K Lupton
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Mental Health & Neuroscience Program, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jurjen J Luykx
- Department of Psychiatry, UMC Utrecht Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, UMC Utrecht Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Iouri Makotkine
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
| | | | - Shelby Marchese
- Department of Genetic and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Charles Marmar
- New York University, Grossman School of Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Nicholas G Martin
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Genetics, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Gabriela A Martínez-Levy
- Department of Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatraía Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Kerrie McAloney
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Mental Health & Neuroscience Program, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Alexander McFarlane
- University of Adelaide, Discipline of Psychiatry, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | - Samuel A McLean
- Department of Anesthesiology, UNC Institute for Trauma Recovery, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, UNC Institute for Trauma Recovery, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Sarah E Medland
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Mental Health & Neuroscience Program, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Divya Mehta
- Queensland University of Technology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
- Queensland University of Technology, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jacquelyn Meyers
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Vasiliki Michopoulos
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Mikita
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, San Diego, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, Research Service, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Lili Milani
- University of Tartu, Institute of Genomics, Estonian Genome Center, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | - Mark W Miller
- Boston University School of Medicine, Psychiatry, Biomedical Genetics, Boston, MA, USA
- VA Boston Healthcare System, National Center for PTSD, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rajendra A Morey
- Duke University School of Medicine, Duke Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Charles Phillip Morris
- Queensland University of Technology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ole Mors
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Aarhus University Hospital-Psychiatry, Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Preben Bo Mortensen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Aarhus University, Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus, Denmark
- Aarhus University, Centre for Integrated Register-Based Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- Aarhus University, National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mary S Mufford
- Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Division of Human Genetics, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Elliot C Nelson
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Merete Nordentoft
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- University of Copenhagen, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sonya B Norman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, San Diego, CA, USA
- National Center for Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Executive Division, White River Junction, VT, USA
| | - Nicole R Nugent
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Alpert Brown Medical School, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Alpert Brown Medical School, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Brown Medical School, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Meaghan O'Donnell
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Phoenix Australia, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Holly K Orcutt
- Department of Psychology, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA
| | - Pedro M Pan
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Psychiatry, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Matthew S Panizzon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gita A Pathak
- VA Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Edward S Peters
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Public Health, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Alan L Peterson
- South Texas Veterans Health Care System, Research and Development Service, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Matthew Peverill
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Robert H Pietrzak
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Melissa A Polusny
- Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Mental Health Service Line, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes Research (CCDOR), Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Bernice Porjesz
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Abigail Powers
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Xue-Jun Qin
- Duke University, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Andrew Ratanatharathorn
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailmain School of Public Health, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Victoria B Risbrough
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, San Diego, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, Research Service, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Andrea L Roberts
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alex O Rothbaum
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Research and Outcomes, Skyland Trail, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Barbara O Rothbaum
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Peter Roy-Byrne
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kenneth J Ruggiero
- Department of Nursing, Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Ariane Rung
- Department of Epidemiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, School of Public Health, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Heiko Runz
- Biogen Inc., Research & Development, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Bart P F Rutten
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht Universitair Medisch Centrum, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Giovanni Abrahão Salum
- Child Mind Institute, New York City, NY, USA
- Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatria de Desenvolvimento, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Laura Sampson
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sixto E Sanchez
- Department of Medicine, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
| | - Marcos Santoro
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Bioquímica-Disciplina de Biologia Molecular, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carina Seah
- Department of Genetic and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Soraya Seedat
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
- Stellenbosch University, SAMRC Extramural Genomics of Brain Disorders Research Unit, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Julia S Seng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Women's and Gender Studies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- University of Michigan, Institute for Research on Women and Gender, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- University of Michigan, School of Nursing, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Andrey Shabalin
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Christina M Sheerin
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Derrick Silove
- Department of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alicia K Smith
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jordan W Smoller
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit (PNGU), Boston, MA, USA
| | - Scott R Sponheim
- Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Mental Health Service Line, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Dan J Stein
- University of Cape Town, Department of Psychiatry & Neuroscience Institute, SA MRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Synne Stensland
- Oslo University Hospital, Department of Research, Innovation and Education, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian Centre for Violence and Traumatic Stress Studies, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jennifer S Stevens
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jennifer A Sumner
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Martin H Teicher
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- McLean Hospital, Developmental Biopsychiatry Research Program, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Wesley K Thompson
- Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Roskilde, Denmark
- University of California San Diego, Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Arun K Tiwari
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Neurogenetics Section, Molecular Brain Science Department, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Tanenbaum Centre for Pharmacogenetics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Edward Trapido
- Department of Epidemiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, School of Public Health, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Monica Uddin
- University of South Florida College of Public Health, Genomics Program, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Robert J Ursano
- Department of Psychiatry, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Unnur Valdimarsdóttir
- Karolinska Institutet, Unit of Integrative Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
- University of Iceland, Faculty of Medicine, Center of Public Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Miranda Van Hooff
- University of Adelaide, Adelaide Medical School, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Eric Vermetten
- ARQ Nationaal Psychotrauma Centrum, Psychotrauma Research Expert Group, Diemen, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Christiaan H Vinkers
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Sleep & Stress Program, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joanne Voisey
- Queensland University of Technology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
- Queensland University of Technology, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition (LCBC), Oslo, Norway
| | - Zhewu Wang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Department of Mental Health, Ralph H Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Monika Waszczuk
- Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Heike Weber
- University Hospital of Würzburg, Center of Mental Health, Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Würzburg, Denmark
| | - Frank R Wendt
- Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thomas Werge
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Copenhagen University Hospital, Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- University of Copenhagen, The Globe Institute, Lundbeck Foundation Center for Geogenetics, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michelle A Williams
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Douglas E Williamson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Research, Durham VA Health Care System, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Bendik S Winsvold
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Trondheim, Norway
- Oslo University Hospital, Department of Research, Innovation and Education, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sherry Winternitz
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Christiane Wolf
- University Hospital of Würzburg, Center of Mental Health, Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Würzburg, Denmark
| | - Erika J Wolf
- VA Boston Healthcare System, National Center for PTSD, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yan Xia
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ying Xiong
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rachel Yehuda
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
- Department of Mental Health, James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Keith A Young
- Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Research Service, Temple, TX, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Texas A&M University School of Medicine, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Ross McD Young
- Queensland University of Technology, School of Clinical Sciences, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
- University of the Sunshine Coast, The Chancellory, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia
| | - Clement C Zai
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Neurogenetics Section, Molecular Brain Science Department, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Tanenbaum Centre for Pharmacogenetics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gwyneth C Zai
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Neurogenetics Section, Molecular Brain Science Department, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Tanenbaum Centre for Pharmacogenetics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, General Adult Psychiatry and Health Systems Division, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark Zervas
- Cohen Veterans Bioscience, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Hongyu Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lori A Zoellner
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - John-Anker Zwart
- University of Oslo, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Trondheim, Norway
- Oslo University Hospital, Department of Research, Innovation and Education, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo, Norway
| | - Terri deRoon-Cassini
- Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma & Acute Care Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Sanne J H van Rooij
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Leigh L van den Heuvel
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
- SAMRC Genomics of Brain Disorders Research Unit, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Murray B Stein
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, Psychiatry Service, San Diego, CA, USA
- University of California San Diego, School of Public Health, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kerry J Ressler
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Karestan C Koenen
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit (PNGU), Boston, MA, USA
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2
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Wang Z, Jukic AMZ, Baird DD, Wilcox AJ, Li H, Curry CL, Fischer-Colbrie T, Onnela JP, Williams MA, Hauser R, Coull BA, Mahalingaiah S. Irregular Cycles, Ovulatory Disorders, and Cardiometabolic Conditions in a US-Based Digital Cohort. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e249657. [PMID: 38700861 PMCID: PMC11069087 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.9657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), characterized by irregular menstrual cycles and hyperandrogenism, is a common ovulatory disorder. Having an irregular cycle is a potential marker for cardiometabolic conditions, but data are limited on whether the associations differ by PCOS status or potential interventions. Objective To evaluate the association of PCOS, time to regularity since menarche (adolescence), and irregular cycles (adulthood) with cardiometabolic conditions. Design, Setting, and Participants This cross-sectional study used a large, US-based digital cohort of users of the Apple Research application on their iPhone. Eligibility criteria were having ever menstruated, living in the US, being at age of consent of at least 18 years (or 19 years in Alabama and Nebraska or 21 years in Puerto Rico), and being able to communicate in English. Participants were enrolled between November 14, 2019, and December 13, 2022, and completed relevant surveys. Exposures Self-reported PCOS diagnosis, prolonged time to regularity (not spontaneously establishing regularity within 5 years of menarche), and irregular cycles. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was self-reported cardiometabolic conditions, including obesity, prediabetes, type 1 and 2 diabetes, high cholesterol, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, arrhythmia, congestive heart failure, coronary artery disease, heart attack, heart valve disease, stroke, transient ischemic attack (TIA), deep vein thrombosis, and pulmonary embolism measured using descriptive statistics and logistic regression to estimate prevalence odds ratios (PORs) and 95% CIs. Effect modification by lifestyle factors was also estimated. Results The study sample (N = 60 789) had a mean (SD) age of 34.5 (11.1) years, with 12.3% having PCOS and 26.3% having prolonged time to regularity. Among a subset of 25 399 participants who completed the hormonal symptoms survey, 25.6% reported irregular cycles. In covariate-adjusted logistic regression models, PCOS was associated with a higher prevalence of all metabolic and several cardiovascular conditions, eg, arrhythmia (POR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.20-1.55), coronary artery disease (POR, 2.92; 95% CI, 1.95-4.29), heart attack (POR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.23-2.54), and stroke (POR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.21-2.24). Among participants without PCOS, prolonged time to regularity was associated with type 2 diabetes (POR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.05-1.46), hypertension (POR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.01-1.19), arrhythmia (POR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.06-1.35), and TIA (POR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.01-1.73), and having irregular cycles was associated with type 2 diabetes (POR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.08-1.69), high cholesterol (POR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.05-1.30), arrhythmia (POR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.02-1.43), and TIA (POR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.06-2.26). Some of these associations were modified by high vs low body mass index or low vs high physical activity. Conclusions and Relevance These findings suggest that PCOS and irregular cycles may be independent markers for cardiometabolic conditions. Early screening and intervention among individuals with irregular menstrual cycles may be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zifan Wang
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Anne Marie Z. Jukic
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Donna D. Baird
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Allen J. Wilcox
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Huichu Li
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - Jukka-Pekka Onnela
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michelle A. Williams
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Russ Hauser
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Brent A. Coull
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Shruthi Mahalingaiah
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
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3
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Li H, Curry CL, Fischer-Colbrie T, Onnela JP, Williams MA, Hauser R, Coull BA, Jukic AMZ, Mahalingaiah S. Seasonal variations of menstrual cycle length in a large, US-based, digital cohort. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2024; 256:114308. [PMID: 38103472 PMCID: PMC10872302 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2023.114308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Huichu Li
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Jukka-Pekka Onnela
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| | - Michelle A Williams
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| | - Russ Hauser
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, 02115, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| | - Brent A Coull
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| | - Anne Marie Z Jukic
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, Durham, 27709, NC, USA
| | - Shruthi Mahalingaiah
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, 02115, MA, USA.
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4
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Gilmore MC, Yadav AK, Espaillat A, Gust AA, Williams MA, Brown PJB, Cava F. A peptidoglycan N-deacetylase specific for anhydroMurNAc chain termini in Agrobacterium tumefaciens. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105611. [PMID: 38159848 PMCID: PMC10838918 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
During growth, bacteria remodel and recycle their peptidoglycan (PG). A key family of PG-degrading enzymes is the lytic transglycosylases, which produce anhydromuropeptides, a modification that caps the PG chains and contributes to bacterial virulence. Previously, it was reported that the polar-growing Gram-negative plant pathogen Agrobacterium tumefaciens lacks anhydromuropeptides. Here, we report the identification of an enzyme, MdaA (MurNAc deacetylase A), which specifically removes the acetyl group from anhydromuropeptide chain termini in A. tumefaciens, resolving this apparent anomaly. A. tumefaciens lacking MdaA accumulates canonical anhydromuropeptides, whereas MdaA was able to deacetylate anhydro-N-acetyl muramic acid in purified sacculi that lack this modification. As for other PG deacetylases, MdaA belongs to the CE4 family of carbohydrate esterases but harbors an unusual Cys residue in its active site. MdaA is conserved in other polar-growing bacteria, suggesting a possible link between PG chain terminus deacetylation and polar growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Gilmore
- Department of Molecular Biology and Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden, Umeå Centre for Microbial Research, SciLifeLab, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Akhilesh K Yadav
- Department of Molecular Biology and Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden, Umeå Centre for Microbial Research, SciLifeLab, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India; Regulatory Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Akbar Espaillat
- Department of Molecular Biology and Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden, Umeå Centre for Microbial Research, SciLifeLab, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Andrea A Gust
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Center of Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), Eberhard-Karls-University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Michelle A Williams
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Pamela J B Brown
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Felipe Cava
- Department of Molecular Biology and Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden, Umeå Centre for Microbial Research, SciLifeLab, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
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5
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Seidman G, AlKasir A, Ricker K, Lane JT, Zink AB, Williams MA. Regulations and Funding to Create Enterprise Architecture for a Nationwide Health Data Ecosystem. Am J Public Health 2024; 114:209-217. [PMID: 38207252 PMCID: PMC10862221 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2023.307477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the United States' lack of a nationwide infrastructure for collecting, sharing, and using health data, especially for secondary uses (e.g., population health management and public health). The federal government is taking several important steps to upgrade the nation's health data ecosystem-notably, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Data Modernization Initiative and the Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology's Trusted Exchange Framework and Common Agreement. However, substantial barriers remain. Inconsistent regulations, infrastructure, and governance across federal and state levels and between states significantly impede the exchange and analysis of health data. Siloed systems and insufficient funding block effective integration of clinical, public health, and social determinants data within and between states. In this analytic essay, we propose strategies to develop a nationwide health data ecosystem. We focus on providing federal guidance and incentives to develop state-designated entities responsible for the collection, integration, and analysis of clinical, public health, social determinants of health, claims, administrative, and other relevant data. These recommendations include a regulatory clearinghouse, federal guidance, model legislation and templated regulation, funding to incentive enterprise architecture, regulatory sandboxes, and a 3-pronged research agenda. (Am J Public Health. 2024;114(2):209-217. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307477).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Seidman
- Gabriel Seidman and Ahmad AlKasir are with the Ellison Institute of Technology, Los Angeles, CA. Kate Ricker is with Amelia Mayme Consulting, Denver, CO. J. T. Lane is with the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials (ASTHO), Arlington, VA. Anne Zink is with the Alaska Department of Health, Anchorage, and ASTHO. Michelle Williams is with Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Ahmad AlKasir
- Gabriel Seidman and Ahmad AlKasir are with the Ellison Institute of Technology, Los Angeles, CA. Kate Ricker is with Amelia Mayme Consulting, Denver, CO. J. T. Lane is with the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials (ASTHO), Arlington, VA. Anne Zink is with the Alaska Department of Health, Anchorage, and ASTHO. Michelle Williams is with Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Kate Ricker
- Gabriel Seidman and Ahmad AlKasir are with the Ellison Institute of Technology, Los Angeles, CA. Kate Ricker is with Amelia Mayme Consulting, Denver, CO. J. T. Lane is with the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials (ASTHO), Arlington, VA. Anne Zink is with the Alaska Department of Health, Anchorage, and ASTHO. Michelle Williams is with Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - J T Lane
- Gabriel Seidman and Ahmad AlKasir are with the Ellison Institute of Technology, Los Angeles, CA. Kate Ricker is with Amelia Mayme Consulting, Denver, CO. J. T. Lane is with the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials (ASTHO), Arlington, VA. Anne Zink is with the Alaska Department of Health, Anchorage, and ASTHO. Michelle Williams is with Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Anne B Zink
- Gabriel Seidman and Ahmad AlKasir are with the Ellison Institute of Technology, Los Angeles, CA. Kate Ricker is with Amelia Mayme Consulting, Denver, CO. J. T. Lane is with the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials (ASTHO), Arlington, VA. Anne Zink is with the Alaska Department of Health, Anchorage, and ASTHO. Michelle Williams is with Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Michelle A Williams
- Gabriel Seidman and Ahmad AlKasir are with the Ellison Institute of Technology, Los Angeles, CA. Kate Ricker is with Amelia Mayme Consulting, Denver, CO. J. T. Lane is with the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials (ASTHO), Arlington, VA. Anne Zink is with the Alaska Department of Health, Anchorage, and ASTHO. Michelle Williams is with Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
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Juvinao-Quintero DL, Sanchez SE, Workalemahu T, Pinto N, Liang L, Williams MA, Gelaye B. Genetic association study of Preterm birth and Gestational age in a population-based case-control study in Peru. medRxiv 2023:2023.11.22.23298891. [PMID: 38045296 PMCID: PMC10690348 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.22.23298891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Preterm birth (PTB) is an adverse pregnancy outcome affecting ∼15 million pregnancies worldwide. Genetic studies have identified several candidate loci for PTB, but results remain inconclusive and limited to European populations. Thus, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of PTB and gestational age at delivery (GA) among 2,212 Peruvian women. PTB cases delivered ≥ 20 weeks' but < 37 weeks' gestation, while controls delivered at term (≥ 37 weeks but < 42 weeks). After imputation (TOPMED) and quality control, we assessed the association of ∼6 million SNPs with PTB and GA using multivariable regression models adjusted for maternal age and the first two genetic principal components. In silico functional analysis (FUMA-GWAS) was conducted among top signals detected with an arbitrary P < 1.0×10 -5 in each GWAS. We sought to replicate genetic associations with PTB and GA identified in Europeans, and we developed a genetic risk score for GA based on European markers. Mean GA was 30 ± 4 weeks in PTB cases (N=933) and 39 ± 1 in the controls (N=1,279). PTB cases were slightly older and had higher C-sections and vaginal bleeding than controls. No association was identified at genome-wide level. Top suggestive ( P < 1.0×10 -5 ) signals were seen at rs13151645 ( LINC01182 ) for PTB, and at rs72824565 ( CTNNA2 ) for GA. Top PTB variants were enriched for biological pathways associated with polyketide, progesterone, steroid hormones, and glycosyl metabolism. Top GA variants were enriched in intronic regions and cancer pathways, and these genes were upregulated in the brain and subcutaneous adipose tissue. In combination with non-genetic risk factors, top SNPs explained 14% and 15% of the phenotypic variance of PTB and GA in our sample, but these results need to be interpreted with caution. Variants in WNT4 associated with GA in Europeans were replicated in our study. The genetic risk score based in European markers, was associated with a 2-day longer GA (R 2 =0.003, P =0.002) per standard deviation increase in the score in our sample. This genetic association study identified various signals suggestively associated with PTB and GA in a non- European population; they were linked to relevant biological pathways related to the metabolism of progesterone, prostanoid, and steroid hormones, and genes associated with GA were significantly upregulated in relevant tissues for the pathophysiology of PTB based on the in- silico functional analysis. None of these top variants overlapped with signals previously identified for PTB or GA in Europeans.
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Smith DJ, Wynn-Thompson TM, Stremler MA, Williams MA, Seiler JR, Hession WC. Root reinforcement and extracellular products reduce streambank fluvial erosion. Sci Total Environ 2023; 896:165125. [PMID: 37392881 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
A detailed understanding of the factors that impact bank erodibility is necessary to effectively model changes in channel form. This study evaluated the combined contributions of roots and soil microorganisms to soil resistance against fluvial erosion. To do this, three flume walls were constructed to simulate unvegetated and rooted streambanks. Unamended and organic material (OM) amended soil treatments with either no-roots (bare soil), synthetic (inert) roots, or living roots (Panicum virgatum) were created and tested with the corresponding flume wall treatment. OM stimulated the production of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and appeared to increase the applied stress required to initiate soil erosion. Synthetic fibers alone provided a base reduction in soil erosion, regardless of the flow rate used. When used in combination, synthetic roots and OM-amendments reduced erosion rates by 86 % or more compared to bare soil; this reduction was identical to the live rooted treatments (95 % to 100 %). In summary, a synergistic relationship between roots and organic carbon inputs can significantly reduce soil erosion rates due to fiber reinforcement and EPS production. These results indicate that root-biochemical interactions, like root physical mechanisms, play an important role in influencing channel migration rates due to reductions in streambank erodibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Smith
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, 220 Ag Quad Lane, Latham Hall Rm 512, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
| | | | - M A Stremler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, USA
| | - M A Williams
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, 220 Ag Quad Lane, Latham Hall Rm 512, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - J R Seiler
- Department of Forest Resources and Environmental Conservation, Virginia Tech, USA
| | - W C Hession
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech, USA
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Schmidt H, Gostin LO, Williams MA. The Supreme Court's Rulings on Race Neutrality Threaten Progress in Medicine and Health. JAMA 2023; 330:1033-1034. [PMID: 37429018 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2023.13749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
This Viewpoint examines the recent Supreme Court rulings on race neutrality, striking down affirmative action programs in higher education, which will affect efforts to eliminate health inequities in the US.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Schmidt
- Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Lawrence O Gostin
- O'Neill Institute for National and Global Health Law, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
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Nievergelt CM, Maihofer AX, Atkinson EG, Chen CY, Choi KW, Coleman JR, Daskalakis NP, Duncan LE, Polimanti R, Aaronson C, Amstadter AB, Andersen SB, Andreassen OA, Arbisi PA, Ashley-Koch AE, Austin SB, Avdibegoviç E, Babic D, Bacanu SA, Baker DG, Batzler A, Beckham JC, Belangero S, Benjet C, Bergner C, Bierer LM, Biernacka JM, Bierut LJ, Bisson JI, Boks MP, Bolger EA, Brandolino A, Breen G, Bressan RA, Bryant RA, Bustamante AC, Bybjerg-Grauholm J, Bækvad-Hansen M, Børglum AD, Børte S, Cahn L, Calabrese JR, Caldas-de-Almeida JM, Chatzinakos C, Cheema S, Clouston SAP, Colodro-Conde L, Coombes BJ, Cruz-Fuentes CS, Dale AM, Dalvie S, Davis LK, Deckert J, Delahanty DL, Dennis MF, deRoon-Cassini T, Desarnaud F, DiPietro CP, Disner SG, Docherty AR, Domschke K, Dyb G, Kulenovic AD, Edenberg HJ, Evans A, Fabbri C, Fani N, Farrer LA, Feder A, Feeny NC, Flory JD, Forbes D, Franz CE, Galea S, Garrett ME, Gelaye B, Gelernter J, Geuze E, Gillespie CF, Goci A, Goleva SB, Gordon SD, Grasser LR, Guindalini C, Haas M, Hagenaars S, Hauser MA, Heath AC, Hemmings SM, Hesselbrock V, Hickie IB, Hogan K, Hougaard DM, Huang H, Huckins LM, Hveem K, Jakovljevic M, Javanbakht A, Jenkins GD, Johnson J, Jones I, Jovanovic T, Karstoft KI, Kaufman ML, Kennedy JL, Kessler RC, Khan A, Kimbrel NA, King AP, Koen N, Kotov R, Kranzler HR, Krebs K, Kremen WS, Kuan PF, Lawford BR, Lebois LAM, Lehto K, Levey DF, Lewis C, Liberzon I, Linnstaedt SD, Logue MW, Lori A, Lu Y, Luft BJ, Lupton MK, Luykx JJ, Makotkine I, Maples-Keller JL, Marchese S, Marmar C, Martin NG, MartÍnez-Levy GA, McAloney K, McFarlane A, McLaughlin KA, McLean SA, Medland SE, Mehta D, Meyers J, Michopoulos V, Mikita EA, Milani L, Milberg W, Miller MW, Morey RA, Morris CP, Mors O, Mortensen PB, Mufford MS, Nelson EC, Nordentoft M, Norman SB, Nugent NR, O'Donnell M, Orcutt HK, Pan PM, Panizzon MS, Pathak GA, Peters ES, Peterson AL, Peverill M, Pietrzak RH, Polusny MA, Porjesz B, Powers A, Qin XJ, Ratanatharathorn A, Risbrough VB, Roberts AL, Rothbaum BO, Rothbaum AO, Roy-Byrne P, Ruggiero KJ, Rung A, Runz H, Rutten BPF, de Viteri SS, Salum GA, Sampson L, Sanchez SE, Santoro M, Seah C, Seedat S, Seng JS, Shabalin A, Sheerin CM, Silove D, Smith AK, Smoller JW, Sponheim SR, Stein DJ, Stensland S, Stevens JS, Sumner JA, Teicher MH, Thompson WK, Tiwari AK, Trapido E, Uddin M, Ursano RJ, Valdimarsdóttir U, van den Heuvel LL, Van Hooff M, van Rooij SJ, Vermetten E, Vinkers CH, Voisey J, Wang Z, Wang Y, Waszczuk M, Weber H, Wendt FR, Werge T, Williams MA, Williamson DE, Winsvold BS, Winternitz S, Wolf EJ, Wolf C, Xia Y, Xiong Y, Yehuda R, Young RM, Young KA, Zai CC, Zai GC, Zervas M, Zhao H, Zoellner LA, Zwart JA, Stein MB, Ressler KJ, Koenen KC. Discovery of 95 PTSD loci provides insight into genetic architecture and neurobiology of trauma and stress-related disorders. medRxiv 2023:2023.08.31.23294915. [PMID: 37693460 PMCID: PMC10491375 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.31.23294915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) genetics are characterized by lower discoverability than most other psychiatric disorders. The contribution to biological understanding from previous genetic studies has thus been limited. We performed a multi-ancestry meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies across 1,222,882 individuals of European ancestry (137,136 cases) and 58,051 admixed individuals with African and Native American ancestry (13,624 cases). We identified 95 genome-wide significant loci (80 novel). Convergent multi-omic approaches identified 43 potential causal genes, broadly classified as neurotransmitter and ion channel synaptic modulators (e.g., GRIA1, GRM8, CACNA1E ), developmental, axon guidance, and transcription factors (e.g., FOXP2, EFNA5, DCC ), synaptic structure and function genes (e.g., PCLO, NCAM1, PDE4B ), and endocrine or immune regulators (e.g., ESR1, TRAF3, TANK ). Additional top genes influence stress, immune, fear, and threat-related processes, previously hypothesized to underlie PTSD neurobiology. These findings strengthen our understanding of neurobiological systems relevant to PTSD pathophysiology, while also opening new areas for investigation.
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Li H, Gibson EA, Jukic AMZ, Baird DD, Wilcox AJ, Curry CL, Fischer-Colbrie T, Onnela JP, Williams MA, Hauser R, Coull BA, Mahalingaiah S. Menstrual cycle length variation by demographic characteristics from the Apple Women's Health Study. NPJ Digit Med 2023; 6:100. [PMID: 37248288 DOI: 10.1038/s41746-023-00848-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Menstrual characteristics are important signs of women's health. Here we examine the variation of menstrual cycle length by age, ethnicity, and body weight using 165,668 cycles from 12,608 participants in the US using mobile menstrual tracking apps. After adjusting for all covariates, mean menstrual cycle length is shorter with older age across all age groups until age 50 and then became longer for those age 50 and older. Menstrual cycles are on average 1.6 (95%CI: 1.2, 2.0) days longer for Asian and 0.7 (95%CI: 0.4, 1.0) days longer for Hispanic participants compared to white non-Hispanic participants. Participants with BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2 have 1.5 (95%CI: 1.2, 1.8) days longer cycles compared to those with BMI between 18.5 and 25 kg/m2. Cycle variability is the lowest among participants aged 35-39 but are considerably higher by 46% (95%CI: 43%, 48%) and 45% (95%CI: 41%, 49%) among those aged under 20 and between 45-49. Cycle variability increase by 200% (95%CI: 191%, 210%) among those aged above 50 compared to those in the 35-39 age group. Compared to white participants, those who are Asian and Hispanic have larger cycle variability. Participants with obesity also have higher cycle variability. Here we confirm previous observations of changes in menstrual cycle pattern with age across reproductive life span and report new evidence on the differences of menstrual variation by ethnicity and obesity status. Future studies should explore the underlying determinants of the variation in menstrual characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huichu Li
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Gibson
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| | - Anne Marie Z Jukic
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, Durham, 27709, NC, USA
| | - Donna D Baird
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, Durham, 27709, NC, USA
| | - Allen J Wilcox
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, Durham, 27709, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Jukka-Pekka Onnela
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| | - Michelle A Williams
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| | - Russ Hauser
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| | - Brent A Coull
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| | - Shruthi Mahalingaiah
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, 02115, MA, USA.
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Juvinao-Quintero DL, Larrabure-Torrealva GT, Sanchez SE, Kirschbaum C, Williams MA, Gelaye B. Maternal hair cortisol concentrations and its association with increased insulin resistance in midpregnancy. Ann Epidemiol 2023; 81:14-23.e8. [PMID: 36841381 PMCID: PMC10204096 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2023.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Stress and elevated maternal glycemia have negative effects on pregnancy. We evaluated the association of hair cortisol concentrations (HCC), a marker of chronic stress, with insulin resistance and gestational diabetes (GDM). METHODS In total, 527 women from Lima, Peru, provided a hair sample in the second trimester of their pregnancy to measure HCC using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Each 6 cm of hair captured HCC in early (T1=1-12 weeks) and midpregnancy (T2 = 13-24 weeks). GDM diagnosis was conducted in midpregnancy. Multivariable regression models adjusted for putative risk factorsincluding maternal sociodemographic factors, diabetes history, and hair characteristics, were used to estimate the association of HCC with GDM and various glycemic traits. RESULTS GDM was diagnosed in 122 (23%) women. Mean HCC across pregnancy was T1 = 3.7 (±3.4) pg/mg and T2 = 4.8 (±3.4) pg/mg. HCC was associated with increased log-transformed units of fasting insulin (T1 = 0.15 [0.03, 0.27], T2 = 0.17 [0.04, 0.30]), homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (T1 = 0.14 [0.01, 0.26], T2 = 0.17 [0.03, 0.30]), and homeostasis model assessment for β-cell function (T1 = 0.20 [0.05, 0.34], T2 = 0.20 [0.04, 0.36]), but not with GDM (T1 = 0.95 [0.63, 1.40], T2 = 1.11 [0.74, 1.67]). CONCLUSIONS Elevated maternal HCC was associated with abnormal insulin homeostasis in pregnancy. Dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, as reflected by high HCC, may also contribute to insulin resistance syndrome in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gloria T Larrabure-Torrealva
- Departamento Académico de Medicina Humana, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú; Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal, Lima, Perú
| | - Sixto E Sanchez
- Universidad de San Martin de Porres, Facultad de Medicina Humana, Instituto de Investigación, Lima, Perú; Asociación Civil PROESA, Lima, Perú
| | - Clemens Kirschbaum
- Department of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michelle A Williams
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Bizu Gelaye
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; The Chester M. Pierce, M.D. Division of Global Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Center for Bioethics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Williams MA. The cost of bearing witness: watching and sharing videos of police brutality online. BMJ 2023; 380:616. [PMID: 36927632 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.p616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
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Girardi F, Matz M, Stiller C, You H, Marcos Gragera R, Valkov MY, Bulliard JL, De P, Morrison D, Wanner M, O'Brian DK, Saint-Jacques N, Coleman MP, Allemani C, Hamdi-Chérif M, Kara L, Meguenni K, Regagba D, Bayo S, Cheick Bougadari T, Manraj SS, Bendahhou K, Ladipo A, Ogunbiyi OJ, Somdyala NIM, Chaplin MA, Moreno F, Calabrano GH, Espinola SB, Carballo Quintero B, Fita R, Laspada WD, Ibañez SG, Lima CA, Da Costa AM, De Souza PCF, Chaves J, Laporte CA, Curado MP, de Oliveira JC, Veneziano CLA, Veneziano DB, Almeida ABM, Latorre MRDO, Rebelo MS, Santos MO, Azevedo e Silva G, Galaz JC, Aparicio Aravena M, Sanhueza Monsalve J, Herrmann DA, Vargas S, Herrera VM, Uribe CJ, Bravo LE, Garcia LS, Arias-Ortiz NE, Morantes D, Jurado DM, Yépez Chamorro MC, Delgado S, Ramirez M, Galán Alvarez YH, Torres P, Martínez-Reyes F, Jaramillo L, Quinto R, Castillo J, Mendoza M, Cueva P, Yépez JG, Bhakkan B, Deloumeaux J, Joachim C, Macni J, Carrillo R, Shalkow Klincovstein J, Rivera Gomez R, Perez P, Poquioma E, Tortolero-Luna G, Zavala D, Alonso R, Barrios E, Eckstrand A, Nikiforuk C, Woods RR, Noonan G, Turner D, Kumar E, Zhang B, Dowden JJ, Doyle GP, Saint-Jacques N, Walsh G, Anam A, De P, McClure CA, Vriends KA, Bertrand C, Ramanakumar AV, Davis L, Kozie S, Freeman T, George JT, Avila RM, O’Brien DK, Holt A, Almon L, Kwong S, Morris C, Rycroft R, Mueller L, Phillips CE, Brown H, Cromartie B, Ruterbusch J, Schwartz AG, Levin GM, Wohler B, Bayakly R, Ward KC, Gomez SL, McKinley M, Cress R, Davis J, Hernandez B, Johnson CJ, Morawski BM, Ruppert LP, Bentler S, Charlton ME, Huang B, Tucker TC, Deapen D, Liu L, Hsieh MC, Wu XC, Schwenn M, Stern K, Gershman ST, Knowlton RC, Alverson G, Weaver T, Desai J, Rogers DB, Jackson-Thompson J, Lemons D, Zimmerman HJ, Hood M, Roberts-Johnson J, Hammond W, Rees JR, Pawlish KS, Stroup A, Key C, Wiggins C, Kahn AR, Schymura MJ, Radhakrishnan S, Rao C, Giljahn LK, Slocumb RM, Dabbs C, Espinoza RE, Aird KG, Beran T, Rubertone JJ, Slack SJ, Oh J, Janes TA, Schwartz SM, Chiodini SC, Hurley DM, Whiteside MA, Rai S, Williams MA, Herget K, Sweeney C, Kachajian J, Keitheri Cheteri MB, Migliore Santiago P, Blankenship SE, Conaway JL, Borchers R, Malicki R, Espinoza J, Grandpre J, Weir HK, Wilson R, Edwards BK, Mariotto A, Rodriguez-Galindo C, Wang N, Yang L, Chen JS, Zhou Y, He YT, Song GH, Gu XP, Mei D, Mu HJ, Ge HM, Wu TH, Li YY, Zhao DL, Jin F, Zhang JH, Zhu FD, Junhua Q, Yang YL, Jiang CX, Biao W, Wang J, Li QL, Yi H, Zhou X, Dong J, Li W, Fu FX, Liu SZ, Chen JG, Zhu J, Li YH, Lu YQ, Fan M, Huang SQ, Guo GP, Zhaolai H, Wei K, Chen WQ, Wei W, Zeng H, Demetriou AV, Mang WK, Ngan KC, Kataki AC, Krishnatreya M, Jayalekshmi PA, Sebastian P, George PS, Mathew A, Nandakumar A, Malekzadeh R, Roshandel G, Keinan-Boker L, Silverman BG, Ito H, Koyanagi Y, Sato M, Tobori F, Nakata I, Teramoto N, Hattori M, Kaizaki Y, Moki F, Sugiyama H, Utada M, Nishimura M, Yoshida K, Kurosawa K, Nemoto Y, Narimatsu H, Sakaguchi M, Kanemura S, Naito M, Narisawa R, Miyashiro I, Nakata K, Mori D, Yoshitake M, Oki I, Fukushima N, Shibata A, Iwasa K, Ono C, Matsuda T, Nimri O, Jung KW, Won YJ, Alawadhi E, Elbasmi A, Ab Manan A, Adam F, Nansalmaa E, Tudev U, Ochir C, Al Khater AM, El Mistiri MM, Lim GH, Teo YY, Chiang CJ, Lee WC, Buasom R, Sangrajrang S, Suwanrungruang K, Vatanasapt P, Daoprasert K, Pongnikorn D, Leklob A, Sangkitipaiboon S, Geater SL, Sriplung H, Ceylan O, Kög I, Dirican O, Köse T, Gurbuz T, Karaşahin FE, Turhan D, Aktaş U, Halat Y, Eser S, Yakut CI, Altinisik M, Cavusoglu Y, Türkköylü A, Üçüncü N, Hackl M, Zborovskaya AA, Aleinikova OV, Henau K, Van Eycken L, Atanasov TY, Valerianova Z, Šekerija M, Dušek L, Zvolský M, Steinrud Mørch L, Storm H, Wessel Skovlund C, Innos K, Mägi M, Malila N, Seppä K, Jégu J, Velten M, Cornet E, Troussard X, Bouvier AM, Guizard AV, Bouvier V, Launoy G, Dabakuyo Yonli S, Poillot ML, Maynadié M, Mounier M, Vaconnet L, Woronoff AS, Daoulas M, Robaszkiewicz M, Clavel J, Poulalhon C, Desandes E, Lacour B, Baldi I, Amadeo B, Coureau G, Monnereau A, Orazio S, Audoin M, D’Almeida TC, Boyer S, Hammas K, Trétarre B, Colonna M, Delafosse P, Plouvier S, Cowppli-Bony A, Molinié F, Bara S, Ganry O, Lapôtre-Ledoux B, Daubisse-Marliac L, Bossard N, Uhry Z, Estève J, Stabenow R, Wilsdorf-Köhler H, Eberle A, Luttmann S, Löhden I, Nennecke AL, Kieschke J, Sirri E, Justenhoven C, Reinwald F, Holleczek B, Eisemann N, Katalinic A, Asquez RA, Kumar V, Petridou E, Ólafsdóttir EJ, Tryggvadóttir L, Murray DE, Walsh PM, Sundseth H, Harney M, Mazzoleni G, Vittadello F, Coviello E, Cuccaro F, Galasso R, Sampietro G, Giacomin A, Magoni M, Ardizzone A, D’Argenzio A, Di Prima AA, Ippolito A, Lavecchia AM, Sutera Sardo A, Gola G, Ballotari P, Giacomazzi E, Ferretti S, Dal Maso L, Serraino D, Celesia MV, Filiberti RA, Pannozzo F, Melcarne A, Quarta F, Andreano A, Russo AG, Carrozzi G, Cirilli C, Cavalieri d’Oro L, Rognoni M, Fusco M, Vitale MF, Usala M, Cusimano R, Mazzucco W, Michiara M, Sgargi P, Boschetti L, Marguati S, Chiaranda G, Seghini P, Maule MM, Merletti F, Spata E, Tumino R, Mancuso P, Cassetti T, Sassatelli R, Falcini F, Giorgetti S, Caiazzo AL, Cavallo R, Piras D, Bella F, Madeddu A, Fanetti AC, Maspero S, Carone S, Mincuzzi A, Candela G, Scuderi T, Gentilini MA, Rizzello R, Rosso S, Caldarella A, Intrieri T, Bianconi F, Contiero P, Tagliabue G, Rugge M, Zorzi M, Beggiato S, Brustolin A, Gatta G, De Angelis R, Vicentini M, Zanetti R, Stracci F, Maurina A, Oniščuka M, Mousavi M, Steponaviciene L, Vincerževskienė I, Azzopardi MJ, Calleja N, Siesling S, Visser O, Johannesen TB, Larønningen S, Trojanowski M, Macek P, Mierzwa T, Rachtan J, Rosińska A, Kępska K, Kościańska B, Barna K, Sulkowska U, Gebauer T, Łapińska JB, Wójcik-Tomaszewska J, Motnyk M, Patro A, Gos A, Sikorska K, Bielska-Lasota M, Didkowska JA, Wojciechowska U, Forjaz de Lacerda G, Rego RA, Carrito B, Pais A, Bento MJ, Rodrigues J, Lourenço A, Mayer-da-Silva A, Coza D, Todescu AI, Valkov MY, Gusenkova L, Lazarevich O, Prudnikova O, Vjushkov DM, Egorova A, Orlov A, Pikalova LV, Zhuikova LD, Adamcik J, Safaei Diba C, Zadnik V, Žagar T, De-La-Cruz M, Lopez-de-Munain A, Aleman A, Rojas D, Chillarón RJ, Navarro AIM, Marcos-Gragera R, Puigdemont M, Rodríguez-Barranco M, Sánchez Perez MJ, Franch Sureda P, Ramos Montserrat M, Chirlaque López MD, Sánchez Gil A, Ardanaz E, Guevara M, Cañete-Nieto A, Peris-Bonet R, Carulla M, Galceran J, Almela F, Sabater C, Khan S, Pettersson D, Dickman P, Staehelin K, Struchen B, Egger Hayoz C, Rapiti E, Schaffar R, Went P, Mousavi SM, Bulliard JL, Maspoli-Conconi M, Kuehni CE, Redmond SM, Bordoni A, Ortelli L, Chiolero A, Konzelmann I, Rohrmann S, Wanner M, Broggio J, Rashbass J, Stiller C, Fitzpatrick D, Gavin A, Morrison DS, Thomson CS, Greene G, Huws DW, Grayson M, Rawcliffe H, Allemani C, Coleman MP, Di Carlo V, Girardi F, Matz M, Minicozzi P, Sanz N, Ssenyonga N, James D, Stephens R, Chalker E, Smith M, Gugusheff J, You H, Qin Li S, Dugdale S, Moore J, Philpot S, Pfeiffer R, Thomas H, Silva Ragaini B, Venn AJ, Evans SM, Te Marvelde L, Savietto V, Trevithick R, Aitken J, Currow D, Fowler C, Lewis C. Global survival trends for brain tumors, by histology: analysis of individual records for 556,237 adults diagnosed in 59 countries during 2000-2014 (CONCORD-3). Neuro Oncol 2023; 25:580-592. [PMID: 36355361 PMCID: PMC10013649 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Survival is a key metric of the effectiveness of a health system in managing cancer. We set out to provide a comprehensive examination of worldwide variation and trends in survival from brain tumors in adults, by histology. METHODS We analyzed individual data for adults (15-99 years) diagnosed with a brain tumor (ICD-O-3 topography code C71) during 2000-2014, regardless of tumor behavior. Data underwent a 3-phase quality control as part of CONCORD-3. We estimated net survival for 11 histology groups, using the unbiased nonparametric Pohar Perme estimator. RESULTS The study included 556,237 adults. In 2010-2014, the global range in age-standardized 5-year net survival for the most common sub-types was broad: in the range 20%-38% for diffuse and anaplastic astrocytoma, from 4% to 17% for glioblastoma, and between 32% and 69% for oligodendroglioma. For patients with glioblastoma, the largest gains in survival occurred between 2000-2004 and 2005-2009. These improvements were more noticeable among adults diagnosed aged 40-70 years than among younger adults. CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, this study provides the largest account to date of global trends in population-based survival for brain tumors by histology in adults. We have highlighted remarkable gains in 5-year survival from glioblastoma since 2005, providing large-scale empirical evidence on the uptake of chemoradiation at population level. Worldwide, survival improvements have been extensive, but some countries still lag behind. Our findings may help clinicians involved in national and international tumor pathway boards to promote initiatives aimed at more extensive implementation of clinical guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Girardi
- Cancer Survival Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.,Cancer Division, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Division of Medical Oncology 2, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Melissa Matz
- Cancer Survival Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Charles Stiller
- National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service, Public Health England, London, UK
| | - Hui You
- Cancer Information Analysis Unit, Cancer Institute NSW, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rafael Marcos Gragera
- Epidemiology Unit and Girona Cancer Registry, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona, Spain
| | - Mikhail Y Valkov
- Department of Radiology, Radiotherapy and Oncology, Northern State Medical University, Arkhangelsk, Russia
| | - Jean-Luc Bulliard
- Centre for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Neuchâtel and Jura Tumour Registry, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Prithwish De
- Surveillance and Cancer Registry, and Research Office, Clinical Institutes and Quality Programs, Ontario Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Morrison
- Scottish Cancer Registry, Public Health Scotland, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Miriam Wanner
- Cancer Registry Zürich, Zug, Schaffhausen and Schwyz, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - David K O'Brian
- Alaska Cancer Registry, Alaska Department of Health and Social Services, Anchorage, Alaska, USA
| | - Nathalie Saint-Jacques
- Department of Medicine and Community Health and Epidemiology, Centre for Clinical Research, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Michel P Coleman
- Cancer Survival Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.,Cancer Division, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Claudia Allemani
- Cancer Survival Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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Zhang CY, Li H, Zhang S, Suharwardy S, Chaturvedi U, Fischer-Colbrie T, Maratta LA, Onnela JP, Coull BA, Hauser R, Williams MA, Baird DD, Jukic AMZ, Mahalingaiah S, Curry CL. Abnormal uterine bleeding patterns determined through menstrual tracking among participants in the Apple Women's Health Study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2023; 228:213.e1-213.e22. [PMID: 36414993 PMCID: PMC9877138 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2022.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Use of menstrual tracking data to understand abnormal bleeding patterns has been limited because of lack of incorporation of key demographic and health characteristics and confirmation of menstrual tracking accuracy. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify abnormal uterine bleeding patterns and their prevalence and confirm existing and expected associations between abnormal uterine bleeding patterns, demographics, and medical conditions. STUDY DESIGN Apple Women's Health Study participants from November 2019 through July 2021 who contributed menstrual tracking data and did not report pregnancy, lactation, use of hormones, or menopause were included in the analysis. Four abnormal uterine bleeding patterns were evaluated: irregular menses, infrequent menses, prolonged menses, and irregular intermenstrual bleeding (spotting). Monthly tracking confirmation using survey responses was used to exclude inaccurate or incomplete digital records. We investigated the prevalence of abnormal uterine bleeding stratified by demographic characteristics and used logistic regression to evaluate the relationship of abnormal uterine bleeding to a number of self-reported medical conditions. RESULTS There were 18,875 participants who met inclusion criteria, with a mean age of 33 (standard deviation, 8.2) years, mean body mass index of 29.3 (standard deviation, 8.0), and with 68.9% (95% confidence interval, 68.2-69.5) identifying as White, non-Hispanic. Abnormal uterine bleeding was found in 16.4% of participants (n=3103; 95% confidence interval, 15.9-17.0) after accurate tracking was confirmed; 2.9% had irregular menses (95% confidence interval, 2.7-3.1), 8.4% had infrequent menses (95% confidence interval, 8.0-8.8), 2.3% had prolonged menses (95% confidence interval, 2.1-2.5), and 6.1% had spotting (95% confidence interval, 5.7-6.4). Black participants had 33% higher prevalence (prevalence ratio, 1.33; 95% confidence interval, 1.09-1.61) of infrequent menses compared with White, non-Hispanic participants after controlling for age and body mass index. The prevalence of infrequent menses was increased in class 1, 2, and 3 obesity (class 1: body mass index, 30-34.9; prevalence ratio, 1.31; 95% confidence interval, 1.13-1.52; class 2: body mass index, 35-39.9; prevalence ratio, 1.25; 95% confidence interval, 1.05-1.49; class 3: body mass index, >40; prevalence ratio, 1.51; 95% confidence interval, 1.21-1.88) after controlling for age and race/ethnicity. Those with class 3 obesity had 18% higher prevalence of abnormal uterine bleeding compared with healthy-weight participants (prevalence ratio, 1.18; 95% confidence interval, 1.02-1.38). Participants with polycystic ovary syndrome had 19% higher prevalence of abnormal uterine bleeding compared with participants without this condition (prevalence ratio, 1.19; 95% confidence interval, 1.08-1.31). Participants with hyperthyroidism (prevalence ratio, 1.34; 95% confidence interval, 1.13-1.59) and hypothyroidism (prevalence ratio, 1.17; 95% confidence interval, 1.05-1.31) had a higher prevalence of abnormal uterine bleeding, as did those reporting endometriosis (prevalence ratio, 1.28; 95% confidence interval, 1.12-1.45), cervical dysplasia (prevalence ratio, 1.20; 95% confidence interval, 1.03-1.39), and fibroids (prevalence ratio, 1.14; 95% confidence interval, 1.00-1.30). CONCLUSION In this cohort, abnormal uterine bleeding was present in 16.4% of those with confirmed menstrual tracking. Black or obese participants had increased prevalence of abnormal uterine bleeding. Participants reporting conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome, thyroid disease, endometriosis, and cervical dysplasia had a higher prevalence of abnormal uterine bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Huichu Li
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA
| | | | - Sanaa Suharwardy
- Health, Apple Inc, Cupertino, CA; Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Obstetrics, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | | | | | | | - Jukka-Pekka Onnela
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA
| | - Brent A Coull
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA
| | - Russ Hauser
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA
| | | | - Donna D Baird
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC
| | - Anne Marie Z Jukic
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC
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15
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Williams MA, Bouchier JM, Mason AK, Brown PJB. Activation of ChvG-ChvI regulon by cell wall stress confers resistance to β-lactam antibiotics and initiates surface spreading in Agrobacterium tumefaciens. PLoS Genet 2022; 18:e1010274. [PMID: 36480495 PMCID: PMC9731437 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A core component of nearly all bacteria, the cell wall is an ideal target for broad spectrum antibiotics. Many bacteria have evolved strategies to sense and respond to antibiotics targeting cell wall synthesis, especially in the soil where antibiotic-producing bacteria compete with one another. Here we show that cell wall stress caused by both chemical and genetic inhibition of the essential, bifunctional penicillin-binding protein PBP1a prevents microcolony formation and activates the canonical host-invasion two-component system ChvG-ChvI in Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Using RNA-seq, we show that depletion of PBP1a for 6 hours results in a downregulation in transcription of flagellum-dependent motility genes and an upregulation in transcription of type VI secretion and succinoglycan biosynthesis genes, a hallmark of the ChvG-ChvI regulon. Depletion of PBP1a for 16 hours, results in differential expression of many additional genes and may promote a stress response, resembling those of sigma factors in other bacteria. Remarkably, the overproduction of succinoglycan causes cell spreading and deletion of the succinoglycan biosynthesis gene exoA restores microcolony formation. Treatment with cefsulodin phenocopies depletion of PBP1a and we correspondingly find that chvG and chvI mutants are hypersensitive to cefsulodin. This hypersensitivity only occurs in response to treatment with β-lactam antibiotics, suggesting that the ChvG-ChvI pathway may play a key role in resistance to antibiotics targeting cell wall synthesis. Finally, we provide evidence that ChvG-ChvI likely has a conserved role in conferring resistance to cell wall stress within the Alphaproteobacteria that is independent of the ChvG-ChvI repressor ExoR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle A. Williams
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Jacob M. Bouchier
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Amara K. Mason
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Pamela J. B. Brown
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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16
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Vélez JC, Kovasala M, Collado MD, Friedman LE, Juvinao-Quintero DL, Araya L, Castillo J, Williams MA, Gelaye B. Pain, mood, and suicidal behavior among injured working adults in Chile. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:766. [PMID: 36471330 PMCID: PMC9724445 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04391-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic pain is comorbid with psychiatric disorders, but information on the association of chronic pain with depressive symptoms, generalized anxiety, and suicidal behavior among occupational cohorts is inadequate. We investigated these associations among employed Chilean adults. METHODS A total of 1946 working adults were interviewed during their outpatient visit. Pain was assessed using the Short Form McGill Pain questionnaire (SF-MPG) while depression and generalized anxiety were examined using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), respectively. The Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale was used to assess suicidal behavior and suicidal ideation. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) for the association of chronic pain with mood disorders, as well as suicidal behavior. RESULTS High chronic pain (SF-MPG > 11) was reported by 46% of participants. Approximately two-fifths of the study participants (38.2%) had depression, 23.8% generalized anxiety, 13.4% suicidal ideation, and 2.4% suicidal behavior. Compared to those with low pain (SF-MPG ≤11), participants with high chronic pain (SF-MPG > 11) had increased odds of experiencing depression only (aOR = 2.87; 95% CI: 2.21-3.73), generalized anxiety only (aOR = 2.38; 95% CI: 1.42-3.99), and comorbid depression and generalized anxiety (aOR = 6.91; 95% CI: 5.20-9.19). The corresponding aOR (95%CI) for suicidal ideation and suicidal behavior were (aOR = 2.20; 95% CI: 1.58-3.07) and (aOR = 2.18 = 95% CI: 0.99-4.79), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Chronic pain is associated with increased odds of depression, generalized anxiety, and suicidal behavior. Mental health support and appropriate management of patients experiencing chronic pain are critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Vélez
- grid.414619.f0000 0004 0628 8121Departamento de Rehabilitación, Hospital del Trabajador, Santiago, Chile
| | - Michael Kovasala
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XMultidisciplinary International Research Training (MIRT) Program, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
| | - Michele Demi Collado
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XMultidisciplinary International Research Training (MIRT) Program, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
| | - Lauren E. Friedman
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave Room 505F, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Diana L. Juvinao-Quintero
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave Room 505F, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Lisette Araya
- grid.414619.f0000 0004 0628 8121Servicio de Psiquiatría y Psicología, Hospital del Trabajador, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jessica Castillo
- grid.414619.f0000 0004 0628 8121Servicio de Psiquiatría y Psicología, Hospital del Trabajador, Santiago, Chile
| | - Michelle A. Williams
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave Room 505F, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Bizu Gelaye
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave Room 505F, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. .,The Chester M. Pierce, MD Division of Global Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. .,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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17
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Gibson EA, Li H, Fruh V, Gabra M, Asokan G, Jukic AMZ, Baird DD, Curry CL, Fischer-Colbrie T, Onnela JP, Williams MA, Hauser R, Coull BA, Mahalingaiah S. Covid-19 vaccination and menstrual cycle length in the Apple Women's Health Study. NPJ Digit Med 2022; 5:165. [PMID: 36323769 PMCID: PMC9628464 DOI: 10.1038/s41746-022-00711-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 vaccination may be associated with change in menstrual cycle length following vaccination. We estimated covariate-adjusted differences in mean cycle length (MCL), measured in days, between pre-vaccination cycles, vaccination cycles, and post-vaccination cycles within vaccinated participants who met eligibility criteria in the Apple Women's Health Study, a longitudinal mobile-application-based cohort of people in the U.S. with manually logged menstrual cycles. A total of 9652 participants (8486 vaccinated; 1166 unvaccinated) contributed 128,094 cycles (median = 10 cycles per participant; inter-quartile range: 4-22). Fifty-five percent of vaccinated participants received Pfizer-BioNTech's mRNA vaccine, 37% received Moderna's mRNA vaccine, and 8% received the Johnson & Johnson/Janssen (J&J) vaccine. COVID-19 vaccination was associated with a small increase in MCL for cycles in which participants received the first dose (0.50 days, 95% CI: 0.22, 0.78) and cycles in which participants received the second dose (0.39 days, 95% CI: 0.11, 0.67) of mRNA vaccines compared with pre-vaccination cycles. Cycles in which the single dose of J&J was administered were, on average, 1.26 days longer (95% CI: 0.45, 2.07) than pre-vaccination cycles. Post-vaccination cycles returned to average pre-vaccination length. Estimated follicular phase vaccination was associated with increased MCL in cycles in which participants received the first dose (0.97 days, 95% CI: 0.53, 1.42) or the second dose (1.43 days, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.80) of mRNA vaccines or the J&J dose (2.27 days, 95% CI: 1.04, 3.50), compared with pre-vaccination cycles. Menstrual cycle change following COVID-19 vaccination appears small and temporary and should not discourage individuals from becoming vaccinated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A. Gibson
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
| | - Huichu Li
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
| | - Victoria Fruh
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
| | - Malaika Gabra
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
| | - Gowtham Asokan
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
| | - Anne Marie Z. Jukic
- grid.280664.e0000 0001 2110 5790Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC USA
| | - Donna D. Baird
- grid.280664.e0000 0001 2110 5790Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC USA
| | | | | | - Jukka-Pekka Onnela
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
| | - Michelle A. Williams
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
| | - Russ Hauser
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
| | - Brent A. Coull
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
| | - Shruthi Mahalingaiah
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
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Castro N, Bates LC, Zieff G, Pagan Lassalle P, Faulkner J, Lark S, Hamlin M, Skidmore P, Signal TL, Williams MA, Higgins S, Stoner L. Adiposity in preadolescent children: Associations with cardiorespiratory fitness. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275982. [PMID: 36288267 PMCID: PMC9605025 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lifestyle factors contribute to childhood obesity risk, however it is unclear which lifestyle factors are most strongly associated with childhood obesity. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to simultaneously investigate the associations among dietary patterns, activity behaviors, and physical fitness with adiposity (body fat %, fat mass, body mass index [BMI], and waist to hip ratio) in preadolescent children. Preadolescent children (N = 392, 50% female, age: 9.5 ± 1.1year, BMI: 17.9 ± 3.3 kg/m2) were recruited. Body fat (%) and fat mass (kg) were measured with bioelectrical impedance analysis. Cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2 max), muscular strength (hand-grip strength), activity, sleep, and dietary pattern was assessed. Multivariable analysis revealed that cardiorespiratory fitness associated most strongly with all four indicators of adiposity (body fat (%) (β = -0.2; p < .001), fat mass (β = -0.2; p < .001), BMI (β = -0.1; p < .001) and waist to hip ratio (β = -0.2; p < .001). Additionally, fruit and vegetable consumption patterns were associated with body fat percentage, but the association was negligible (β = 0.1; p = 0.015). Therefore, future interventions should aim to promote the use of cardiorespiratory fitness as a means of reducing the obesity epidemic in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Castro
- School of Health and Applied Human Sciences, University of North Carolina at Wilmington, Wilmington, NC, United States of America
| | - Lauren C. Bates
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Gabriel Zieff
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Patricia Pagan Lassalle
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - James Faulkner
- School of Sport, Health, and Community, University of Winchester, Winchester, United Kingdom
| | - Sally Lark
- School of Sport, Exercise, and Nutrition, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Michael Hamlin
- Department of Tourism, Sport and Society, Lincoln University, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Paula Skidmore
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - T. Leigh Signal
- Sleep-Wake Research Centre, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Michelle A. Williams
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Simon Higgins
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Lee Stoner
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
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Gibson EA, Li H, Fruh V, Asokan G, Gabra M, Gallagher NJ, Marie Z Jukic A, Onnela JP, Williams MA, Hauser R, Coull B, Mahalingaiah S. COVID-19 VACCINATION STATUS AND MENSTRUAL CYCLE LENGTH IN THE APPLE WOMEN'S HEALTH STUDY. Fertil Steril 2022. [PMCID: PMC9595309 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2022.08.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Huichu Li
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
| | - Victoria Fruh
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | | | - Malaika Gabra
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | | | | | | | | | - Russ Hauser
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Brent Coull
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
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Mahalingaiah S, Li H, Scalise A, Gallagher NJ, Gabra M, Onnela JP, Hauser R, Coull B, Williams MA. PREVALENCE OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE AMONG WOMEN WITH A CLINICIAN DIAGNOSIS OF POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME IN A DIGITAL LONGITUDINAL COHORT. Fertil Steril 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2022.08.542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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21
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Zavala VA, Casavilca-Zambrano S, Navarro-Vásquez J, Castañeda CA, Valencia G, Morante Z, Calderón M, Abugattas JE, Gómez H, Fuentes HA, Liendo-Picoaga R, Cotrina JM, Monge C, Neciosup SP, Huntsman S, Hu D, Sánchez SE, Williams MA, Núñez-Marrero A, Godoy L, Hechmer A, Olshen AB, Dutil J, Ziv E, Zabaleta J, Gelaye B, Vásquez J, Gálvez-Nino M, Enriquez-Vera D, Vidaurre T, Fejerman L. Association between Ancestry-Specific 6q25 Variants and Breast Cancer Subtypes in Peruvian Women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022; 31:1602-1609. [PMID: 35654312 PMCID: PMC9662925 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-22-0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer incidence in the United States is lower in Hispanic/Latina (H/L) compared with African American/Black or Non-Hispanic White women. An Indigenous American breast cancer-protective germline variant (rs140068132) has been reported near the estrogen receptor 1 gene. This study tests the association of rs140068132 and other polymorphisms in the 6q25 region with subtype-specific breast cancer risk in H/Ls of high Indigenous American ancestry. METHODS Genotypes were obtained for 5,094 Peruvian women with (1,755) and without (3,337) breast cancer. Associations between genotype and overall and subtype-specific risk for the protective variant were tested using logistic regression models and conditional analyses, including other risk-associated polymorphisms in the region. RESULTS We replicated the reported association between rs140068132 and breast cancer risk overall [odds ratio (OR), 0.53; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.47-0.59], as well as the lower odds of developing hormone receptor negative (HR-) versus HR+ disease (OR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.61-0.97). Models, including HER2, showed further heterogeneity with reduced odds for HR+HER2+ (OR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.51-0.92), HR-HER2+ (OR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.44-0.90) and HR-HER2- (OR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.56-1.05) compared with HR+HER2-. Inclusion of other risk-associated variants did not change these observations. CONCLUSIONS The rs140068132 polymorphism is associated with decreased risk of breast cancer in Peruvians and is more protective against HR- and HER2+ diseases independently of other breast cancer-associated variants in the 6q25 region. IMPACT These results could inform functional analyses to understand the mechanism by which rs140068132-G reduces risk of breast cancer development in a subtype-specific manner. They also illustrate the importance of including diverse individuals in genetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina A. Zavala
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, California
| | | | | | | | | | - Zaida Morante
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplasicas, Lima, Peru
| | | | | | - Henry Gómez
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplasicas, Lima, Peru
| | | | | | | | - Claudia Monge
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplasicas, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Scott Huntsman
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Donglei Hu
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Sixto E. Sánchez
- Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru and Asociación Civil Proyectos en Salud (PROESA), Lima, Peru
| | - Michelle A. Williams
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Angel Núñez-Marrero
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology Division, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, Puerto Rico
| | - Lenin Godoy
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology Division, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, Puerto Rico
| | - Aaron Hechmer
- Helen Diller Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Adam B. Olshen
- Helen Diller Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Julie Dutil
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology Division, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, Puerto Rico
| | - Elad Ziv
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Jovanny Zabaleta
- Department of Pediatrics and Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center LSUHSC, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Bizu Gelaye
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jule Vásquez
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplasicas, Lima, Peru
| | | | | | | | - Laura Fejerman
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, California
- UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, California
- Corresponding Author: Laura Fejerman, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, 451 Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA 95616. Phone: 530-754-1690; E-mail:
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22
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Gibson EA, Li H, Fruh V, Gabra M, Asokan G, Jukic AMZ, Baird DD, Curry CL, Fischer-colbrie T, Onnela J, Williams MA, Hauser R, Coull BA, Mahalingaiah S. Covid-19 vaccination and menstrual cycle length in the Apple Women’s Health Study.. [PMID: 35860226 PMCID: PMC9298140 DOI: 10.1101/2022.07.07.22277371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
AbstractBackgroundCOVID-19 vaccination may be associated with change in menstrual cycle length following vaccination.MethodsWe conducted a longitudinal analysis within a subgroup of 14,915 participants in the Apple Women’s Health Study (AWHS) who enrolled between November 2019 and December 2021 and met the following eligibility criteria: were living in the U.S., met minimum age requirements for consent, were English speaking, actively tracked their menstrual cycles, and responded to the COVID-19 Vaccine Update survey. In the main analysis, we included tracked cycles recorded when premenopausal participants were not pregnant, lactating, or using hormonal contraceptives. We used conditional linear regression and multivariable linear mixed-effects models with random intercepts to estimate the covariate-adjusted difference in mean cycle length, measured in days, between pre-vaccination cycles, cycles in which a vaccine was administered, and post-vaccination cycles within vaccinated participants, and between vaccinated and unvaccinated participants. We further compared associations between vaccination and menstrual cycle length by the timing of vaccine dose within a menstrual cycle (i.e., in follicular or luteal phase). We present Bonferroni-adjusted 95% confidence intervals to account for multiple comparisons.ResultsA total of 128,094 cycles (median = 10 cycles per participant; interquartile range: 4-22) from 9,652 participants (8,486 vaccinated; 1,166 unvaccinated) were included. The average within-individual standard deviation in cycle length was 4.2 days. Fifty-five percent of vaccinated participants received Pfizer-BioNTech’s mRNA vaccine, 37% received Moderna’s mRNA vaccine, and 7% received the Johnson & Johnson/Janssen vaccine (J&J). We found no evidence of a difference between mean menstrual cycle length in the unvaccinated and vaccinated participants prior to vaccination (0.24 days, 95% CI: −0.34, 0.82).Among vaccinated participants, COVID-19 vaccination was associated with a small increase in mean cycle length (MCL) for cycles in which participants received the first dose (0.50 days, 95% CI: 0.22, 0.78) and cycles in which participants received the second dose (0.39 days, 95% CI: 0.11, 0.67) of mRNA vaccines compared with pre-vaccination cycles. Cycles in which the single dose of J&J was administered were, on average, 1.26 days longer (95% CI: 0.45, 2.07) than pre-vaccination cycles. Post-vaccination cycles returned to average pre-vaccination length. Estimates for pre vs post cycle lengths were 0.14 days (95% CI: −0.13, 0.40) in the first cycle following vaccination, 0.13 days (95% CI: −0.14, 0.40) in the second, −0.17 days (95% CI: −0.43, 0.10) in the third, and −0.25 days (95% CI: −0.52, 0.01) in the fourth cycle post-vaccination. Follicular phase vaccination was associated with an increase in MCL in cycles in which participants received the first dose (0.97 days, 95% CI: 0.53, 1.42) or the second dose (1.43 days, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.80) of mRNA vaccines or the J&J dose (2.27 days, 95% CI: 1.04, 3.50), compared with pre-vaccination cycles.ConclusionsCOVID-19 vaccination was associated with an immediate short-term increase in menstrual cycle length overall, which appeared to be driven by doses received in the follicular phase. However, the magnitude of this increase was small and diminished in each cycle following vaccination. No association with cycle length persisted over time. The magnitude of change associated with vaccination was well within the natural variability in the study population. Menstrual cycle change following COVID-19 vaccination appears small and temporary and should not discourage individuals from becoming vaccinated.
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23
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Zavala VA, Vidaurre T, Huang X, Casavilca S, Navarro J, Williams MA, Sanchez S, Ziv E, Carvajal-Carmona L, Neuhausen7 SL, Gelaye B, Fejerman L. Abstract 3683: Identification of optimal set of genetic variants from a previously reported polygenic risk score for breast cancer risk prediction in Latin American women. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-3683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Around 10% of genetic predisposition for breast cancer is explained by mutations in high/moderate penetrance genes. The remaining proportion is explained by multiple common variants of relatively small effect. A subset of these variants has been identified mostly in Europeans and Asians; and combined into polygenic risk scores (PRS) to predict breast cancer risk. Our aim is to identify a subset of variants to improve breast cancer risk prediction in Hispanics/Latinas (H/Ls).Breast cancer patients were recruited at the Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas in Peru, to be part of The Peruvian Genetics and Genomics of Breast Cancer Study (PEGEN). Women without a diagnosis of breast cancer from a pregnancy outcomes study conducted in Peru were included as controls. After quality control filters, genome-wide genotypes were available for 1,809 cases and 3,334 controls. Missing genotypes were imputed using the Michigan Imputation Server using individuals from 1000 Genomes Project as reference. Genotypes for 313 previously reported breast cancer associated variants and 2 Latin American specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were extracted from the data, using an imputation r2 filter of 30%. Feature selection techniques were used to identify the best subset of SNPs for breast cancer prediction in Peruvian women. We randomly split the PEGEN data by 4:1 ratio for training/validation and testing. Training/validation data were resampled and split in 3:1 ratio into training and validation sets. SNP ranking and selection were done by bootstrapping results from 100 resampled training and validation sets. PRS were built by adding counts of risk alleles weighted by previously reported beta coefficients. The Area Under the Curve (AUC) was used to estimate the prediction accuracy of subsets of SNPs selected with different techniques. Logistic regression was used to test the association between standardized PRS residuals (after adjustment for genetic ancestry) and breast cancer risk. Of the 315 reported variants, 274 were available from the imputed dataset. The full 274-SNP PRS was associated with an AUC of 0.63 (95%CI=0.59-0.66) in the PEGEN study. Using different feature selection methods, we found subsets of SNPs that were associated with AUC values between 0.65-0.69. The best method (AUC=0.69, 95%CI=0.66-0.72) included a subset of 98 SNPs. Sixty-eight SNPs were selected by all methods, including the protective SNP rs140068132 in the 6q25 region, which is associated with Indigenous American ancestry and the largest contribution to the AUC.We identified a subset of 98 SNPs from a previously identified breast cancer PRS that improves breast cancer risk prediction compared to the full set, in women of high Indigenous American ancestry from Peru. Replication in women from Mexico and Colombia, and H/Ls from the U.S will allow us to confirm these results.
Citation Format: Valentina A. Zavala, Tatiana Vidaurre, Xiaosong Huang, Sandro Casavilca, Jeannie Navarro, Michelle A. Williams, Sixto Sanchez, Elad Ziv, Luis Carvajal-Carmona, Susan L. Neuhausen7, Bizu Gelaye, Laura Fejerman. Identification of optimal set of genetic variants from a previously reported polygenic risk score for breast cancer risk prediction in Latin American women [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 3683.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Sixto Sanchez
- 4Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
| | - Elad Ziv
- 5University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | | | | | - Bizu Gelaye
- 3Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
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Rubio E, Levey EJ, Rondon MB, Friedman L, Sanchez SE, Williams MA, Gelaye B. Poor sleep Quality and Obstructive Sleep Apnea are Associated with Maternal Mood, and Anxiety Disorders in Pregnancy. Matern Child Health J 2022; 26:1540-1548. [PMID: 35596848 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-022-03449-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies suggest sleep quality and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) may be associated with psychiatric symptoms, including depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, few studies have examined the relationship between sleep quality and OSA with maternal psychiatric symptoms during pregnancy, a state of vulnerability to these disorders. OBJECTIVE The objective of our study is to examine the association between poor sleep quality and sleep apnea with antepartum depression, anxiety, and PTSD among pregnant women. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among women seeking prenatal care in Lima, Peru. Sleep quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the Berlin questionnaire was used to identify women at high risk for OSA. Depression, generalized anxiety, and PTSD symptoms were measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment, and PTSD Checklist - Civilian Version. Multivariate logistic regression procedures were used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). RESULTS Approximately 29.0X% of women had poor sleep quality, and 6.2% were at high risk for OSA. The prevalence of psychiatric symptoms was high in this cohort with 25.1%, 32.5%, and 30.9% of women reporting symptoms of antepartum depression, antepartum anxiety, and PTSD, respectively. Women with poor sleep quality had higher odds of antepartum depression (aOR = 3.28; 95%CI: 2.64-4.07), generalized anxiety (aOR = 1.94; 95%CI: 1.58-2.38), and PTSD symptoms (aOR = 2.81; 95% CI: 2.28-3.46) as compared with women who reported good sleep quality. Women with a high risk of OSA had higher odds of antepartum depression (aOR = 2.36; 95% CI: 1.57-3.56), generalized anxiety (aOR = 2.02, 95% CI: 1.36-3.00), and PTSD symptoms (aOR = 2.14; 95%CI: 1.43-3.21) as compared with those with a low risk of sleep apnea. CONCLUSIONS Poor sleep quality and high risk of OSA are associated with antepartum depression, generalized anxiety, and PTSD symptoms among pregnant women. Further characterizations of the associations of these prevalent sleep, mood, and anxiety conditions among pregnant women could aid in evaluating and delivering optimal perinatal care to women with these comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elia Rubio
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Levey
- The Chester M. Pierce, M.D. Division of Global Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marta B Rondon
- Department of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Lauren Friedman
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sixto E Sanchez
- Asociación Civil Proyectos en Salud (PROESA), Lima, Peru.,Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Perú
| | - Michelle A Williams
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bizu Gelaye
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. .,The Chester M. Pierce, M.D. Division of Global Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. .,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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25
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Velez JC, Friedman LE, Barbosa C, Castillo J, Juvinao-Quintero DL, Williams MA, Gelaye B. Evaluating the performance of the Pain Interference Index and the Short Form McGill Pain Questionnaire among Chilean injured working adults. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268672. [PMID: 35588123 PMCID: PMC9119477 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic pain can lead to economic instability, decreased job productivity, and poor mental health. Therefore, reliable identification and quantification of chronic pain is important for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Objective To determine the psychometric properties of the Spanish language versions of the Pain Interference Index (PII) and the Short Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPG) among a population of working adults who experienced injury in Santiago, Chile. Methods A total of 1,975 participants with work-related injuries were interviewed to collect sociodemographic, occupational, and chronic pain characteristics. Construct validity and factorial structure of the PII and SF-MPG were assessed through exploratory factor analyses (EFA). Cronbach’s alpha was used to evaluate internal consistency. Results The PII mean score was 3.84 ± 1.43 among all participants. The SF-MPG median score was 11 [IQR: 6–16] in this study population. Cronbach’s alpha for the PII was 0.90 and 0.87 for the SF-MP. EFA resulted in a one factor solution for the PII. A two-factor solution was found for the SF-MPG. The two-factors for SF-MPG were sensory and affective subscales with Cronbach’s alpha of 0.82 and 0.714, respectively. When the two scales were combined, an EFA analysis confirmed the PII and SF-MPG measure different aspects of chronic pain. Conclusions The PII and SF-MPG had good construct validity and reliability for assessing different aspects of chronic pain among working Chilean adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Velez
- Departamento de Rehabilitación, Hospital del Trabajador, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lauren E. Friedman
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Clarita Barbosa
- Multidisciplinary International Research Training (MIRT) Program, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Jessica Castillo
- Departamento de Rehabilitación, Hospital del Trabajador, Santiago, Chile
| | - Diana L. Juvinao-Quintero
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Michelle A. Williams
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Bizu Gelaye
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Multidisciplinary International Research Training (MIRT) Program, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
- The Chester M. Pierce, MD Division of Global Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital; Boston, MA, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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26
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Fruh V, Lyons G, Scalise AL, Gallagher NJ, Jukic AM, Baird DD, Chaturvedi U, Suharwardy S, Onnela JP, Williams MA, Hauser R, Coull BA, Mahalingaiah S. Attempts to conceive and the COVID-19 pandemic: data from the Apple Women's Health Study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2022; 227:484.e1-484.e17. [PMID: 35568191 PMCID: PMC9093060 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2022.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Previous studies have suggested that emergent events may affect pregnancy planning decisions. However, few have investigated the effect of factors related to the COVID-19 pandemic on pregnancy planning, measured by attempting conception, and how attempting conception status may differ by individual-level factors, such as social status or educational level. Objective This study aimed to examine the effects of factors related to the COVID-19 pandemic, until March 2021, on attempting conception status and to assess the effect measure modification by educational level and subjective social status. Study Design We conducted a longitudinal analysis within a subgroup of 21,616 participants in the Apple Women’s Health Study who enrolled from November 2019 to March 2021, who met the inclusion criteria, and who responded to the monthly status menstrual update question on attempting conception status (yes or no). Participants reporting hysterectomy, pregnancy, lactation, or menopause were excluded. We used generalized estimating equation methodology to fit logistic regression models that estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the association between the proportion of participants attempting conception and the month of response (compared with a prepandemic reference month of February 2020) while accounting for longitudinal correlation and adjusting for age, race and ethnicity, and marital status. We stratified the analysis by social status and educational level. Results We observed a trend of reduced odds of attempting conception, with an 18% reduction in the odds of attempting conception in August 2020 and October 2020 compared with the prepandemic month of February 2020 (August odds ratio: 0.82 [95% confidence interval, 0.70–0.97]; October odds ratio: 0.82 [95% confidence interval, 0.69–0.97). The participants with lower educational level (no college education) experienced a sustained reduction in the odds of attempting to conceive from June 2020 to March 2021 compared with February 2020, with up to a 24% reduction in the odds of attempting to conceive in October 2020 (odds ratio, 0.76; 95% confidence interval, 0.59–0.96). Among participants that were college educated, we observed an initial reduction in the odds of attempting to conceive starting in July 2020 (odds ratio 0.73; 95% confidence interval, 0.54–0.99) that returned near prepandemic odds. Moreover, we observed a reduction in the odds of attempting to conceive among those with low subjective social status, with a decline in the odds of attempting to conceive beginning in July 2020 (odds ratio, 0.83; 95% confidence interval, 0.63–1.10) and continuing until March 2021 (odds ratio, 0.79; 95% confidence interval, 0.59–1.06), with the greatest reduction in odds in October 2020 (odds ratio, 0.67; 95% confidence interval, 0.50–0.91). Conclusion Among women in the Apple Women’s Health Study cohort, our findings suggested a reduction in the odds of attempting to conceive during the COVID-19 pandemic, until March 2021, particularly among women of lower educational level and lower perceived social status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Fruh
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Genevieve Lyons
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Ariel L Scalise
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Nicola J Gallagher
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Anne-Marie Jukic
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC
| | - Donna D Baird
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC
| | | | | | - Jukka-Pekka Onnela
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Michelle A Williams
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Russ Hauser
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Brent A Coull
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Shruthi Mahalingaiah
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.
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Mahalingaiah S, Fruh V, Rodriguez E, Konanki SC, Onnela JP, de Figueiredo Veiga A, Lyons G, Ahmed R, Li H, Gallagher N, Jukic AMZ, Ferguson KK, Baird DD, Wilcox AJ, Curry CL, Suharwardy S, Fischer-Colbrie T, Agrawal G, Coull BA, Hauser R, Williams MA. Design and methods of the Apple Women's Health Study: a digital longitudinal cohort study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2022; 226:545.e1-545.e29. [PMID: 34610322 PMCID: PMC10518829 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2021.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prospective longitudinal cohorts assessing women's health and gynecologic conditions have historically been limited. OBJECTIVE The Apple Women's Health Study was designed to gain a deeper understanding of the relationship among menstrual cycles, health, and behavior. This paper describes the design and methods of the ongoing Apple Women's Health Study and provides the demographic characteristics of the first 10,000 participants. STUDY DESIGN This was a mobile-application-based longitudinal cohort study involving survey and sensor-based data. We collected the data from 10,000 participants who responded to the demographics survey on enrollment between November 14, 2019 and May 20, 2020. The participants were asked to complete a monthly follow-up through November 2020. The eligibility included installed Apple Research app on their iPhone with iOS version 13.2 or later, were living in the United States, being of age greater than 18 years (19 in Alabama and Nebraska, 21 years old in Puerto Rico), were comfortable in communicating in written and spoken English, were the sole user of an iCloud account or iPhone, and were willing to provide consent to participate in the study. RESULTS The mean age at enrollment was 33.6 years old (±standard deviation, 10.3). The race and ethnicity was representative of the US population (69% White and Non-Hispanic [6910/10,000]), whereas 51% (5089/10,000) had a college education or above. The participant geographic distribution included all the US states and Puerto Rico. Seventy-two percent (7223/10,000) reported the use of an Apple Watch, and 24.4% (2438/10,000) consented to sensor-based data collection. For this cohort, 38% (3490/9238) did not respond to the Monthly Survey: Menstrual Update after enrollment. At the 6-month follow-up, there was a 35% (3099/8972) response rate to the Monthly Survey: Menstrual Update. 82.7% (8266/10,000) of the initial cohort and 95.1% (2948/3099) of the participants who responded to month 6 of the Monthly Survey: Menstrual Update tracked at least 1 menstrual cycle via HealthKit. The participants tracked their menstrual bleeding days for an average of 4.44 (25%-75%; range, 3-6) calendar months during the study period. Non-White participants were slightly more likely to drop out than White participants; those remaining at 6 months were otherwise similar in demographic characteristics to the original enrollment group. CONCLUSION The first 10,000 participants of the Apple Women's Health Study were recruited via the Research app and were diverse in race and ethnicity, educational attainment, and economic status, despite all using an Apple iPhone. Future studies within this cohort incorporating this high-dimensional data may facilitate discovery in women's health in exposure outcome relationships and population-level trends among iPhone users. Retention efforts centered around education, communication, and engagement will be utilized to improve the survey response rates, such as the study update feature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Victoria Fruh
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Rowana Ahmed
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Huichu Li
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | | | - Anne Marie Z Jukic
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC
| | - Kelly K Ferguson
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC
| | - Donna D Baird
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC
| | - Allen J Wilcox
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC
| | | | - Sanaa Suharwardy
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | | | | | - Brent A Coull
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Russ Hauser
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
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Maihofer AX, Choi KW, Coleman JR, Daskalakis NP, Denckla CA, Ketema E, Morey RA, Polimanti R, Ratanatharathorn A, Torres K, Wingo AP, Zai CC, Aiello AE, Almli LM, Amstadter AB, Andersen SB, Andreassen OA, Arbisi PA, Ashley-Koch AE, Austin SB, Avdibegović E, Borglum AD, Babić D, Bækvad-Hansen M, Baker DG, Beckham JC, Bierut LJ, Bisson JI, Boks MP, Bolger EA, Bradley B, Brashear M, Breen G, Bryant RA, Bustamante AC, Bybjerg-Grauholm J, Calabrese JR, Caldas-de-Almeida JM, Chen CY, Dale AM, Dalvie S, Deckert J, Delahanty DL, Dennis MF, Disner SG, Domschke K, Duncan LE, Kulenović AD, Erbes CR, Evans A, Farrer LA, Feeny NC, Flory JD, Forbes D, Franz CE, Galea S, Garrett ME, Gautam A, Gelaye B, Gelernter J, Geuze E, Gillespie CF, Goçi A, Gordon SD, Guffanti G, Hammamieh R, Hauser MA, Heath AC, Hemmings SM, Hougaard DM, Jakovljević M, Jett M, Johnson EO, Jones I, Jovanovic T, Qin XJ, Karstoft KI, Kaufman ML, Kessler RC, Khan A, Kimbrel NA, King AP, Koen N, Kranzler HR, Kremen WS, Lawford BR, Lebois LA, Lewis C, Liberzon I, Linnstaedt SD, Logue MW, Lori A, Lugonja B, Luykx JJ, Lyons MJ, Maples-Keller JL, Marmar C, Martin NG, Maurer D, Mavissakalian MR, McFarlane A, McGlinchey RE, McLaughlin KA, McLean SA, Mehta D, Mellor R, Michopoulos V, Milberg W, Miller MW, Morris CP, Mors O, Mortensen PB, Nelson EC, Nordentoft M, Norman SB, O’Donnell M, Orcutt HK, Panizzon MS, Peters ES, Peterson AL, Peverill M, Pietrzak RH, Polusny MA, Rice JP, Risbrough VB, Roberts AL, Rothbaum AO, Rothbaum BO, Roy-Byrne P, Ruggiero KJ, Rung A, Rutten BP, Saccone NL, Sanchez SE, Schijven D, Seedat S, Seligowski AV, Seng JS, Sheerin CM, Silove D, Smith AK, Smoller JW, Sponheim SR, Stein DJ, Stevens JS, Teicher MH, Thompson WK, Trapido E, Uddin M, Ursano RJ, van den Heuvel LL, Van Hooff M, Vermetten E, Vinkers C, Voisey J, Wang Y, Wang Z, Werge T, Williams MA, Williamson DE, Winternitz S, Wolf C, Wolf EJ, Yehuda R, Young KA, Young RM, Zhao H, Zoellner LA, Haas M, Lasseter H, Provost AC, Salem RM, Sebat J, Shaffer RA, Wu T, Ripke S, Daly MJ, Ressler KJ, Koenen KC, Stein MB, Nievergelt CM. Enhancing Discovery of Genetic Variants for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Through Integration of Quantitative Phenotypes and Trauma Exposure Information. Biol Psychiatry 2022; 91:626-636. [PMID: 34865855 PMCID: PMC8917986 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is heritable and a potential consequence of exposure to traumatic stress. Evidence suggests that a quantitative approach to PTSD phenotype measurement and incorporation of lifetime trauma exposure (LTE) information could enhance the discovery power of PTSD genome-wide association studies (GWASs). METHODS A GWAS on PTSD symptoms was performed in 51 cohorts followed by a fixed-effects meta-analysis (N = 182,199 European ancestry participants). A GWAS of LTE burden was performed in the UK Biobank cohort (N = 132,988). Genetic correlations were evaluated with linkage disequilibrium score regression. Multivariate analysis was performed using Multi-Trait Analysis of GWAS. Functional mapping and annotation of leading loci was performed with FUMA. Replication was evaluated using the Million Veteran Program GWAS of PTSD total symptoms. RESULTS GWASs of PTSD symptoms and LTE burden identified 5 and 6 independent genome-wide significant loci, respectively. There was a 72% genetic correlation between PTSD and LTE. PTSD and LTE showed largely similar patterns of genetic correlation with other traits, albeit with some distinctions. Adjusting PTSD for LTE reduced PTSD heritability by 31%. Multivariate analysis of PTSD and LTE increased the effective sample size of the PTSD GWAS by 20% and identified 4 additional loci. Four of these 9 PTSD loci were independently replicated in the Million Veteran Program. CONCLUSIONS Through using a quantitative trait measure of PTSD, we identified novel risk loci not previously identified using prior case-control analyses. PTSD and LTE have a high genetic overlap that can be leveraged to increase discovery power through multivariate methods.
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Abstract
Streptomyces are soil- and marine-dwelling microbes that need to survive dramatic fluctuations in nutrient levels and environmental conditions. Here, we explore the advances made in understanding how Streptomyces bacteria can thrive in their natural environments. We examine their classical developmental cycle, and the intricate regulatory cascades that govern it. We discuss alternative growth strategies and behaviors, like the rapid expansion and colonization properties associated with exploratory growth, the release of membrane vesicles and S-cells from hyphal tips, and the acquisition of exogenous DNA along the lateral walls. We further investigate Streptomyces interactions with other organisms through the release of volatile compounds that impact nutrient levels, microbial growth, and insect behavior. Finally, we explore the increasingly diverse strategies employed by Streptomyces species in escaping and thwarting phage infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew P Zambri
- Department of Biology, Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Michelle A Williams
- Department of Biology, Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Marie A Elliot
- Department of Biology, Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
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Ashi K, Levey E, Friedman LE, Sanchez SE, Williams MA, Gelaye B. Association of morningness-eveningness with psychiatric symptoms among pregnant women. Chronobiol Int 2022; 39:984-990. [PMID: 35296206 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2022.2053703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we examined associations between circadian preference and psychiatric symptoms among 1,796 pregnant women from Lima, Peru. One quarter were classified as evening types. Compared to morning types, evening type pregnant women had increased odds of generalized anxiety (OR = 1.44; 95%CI: 1.12-1.86) and posttraumatic stress disorder (OR = 1.38; 95%CI: 1.07-1.78). Although there was a positive trend, evening chronotype was not significantly associated with elevated odds of depression (OR = 1.23; 95%CI: 0.94-1.61). Future studies are warranted to help understand the underlying behavioral, biological, and genetic pathways of these associations. Assessing circadian preference may help clinicians identify pregnant women at risk for psychiatric symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Ashi
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Elizabeth Levey
- The Chester M. Pierce, MD Division of Global Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lauren E Friedman
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sixto E Sanchez
- Asociación Civil Proyectos en Salud (PROESA), Lima, Peru.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de San Martin de Porres, Lima, Peru
| | - Michelle A Williams
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bizu Gelaye
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,The Chester M. Pierce, MD Division of Global Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Oates TW, Guy V, Ni K, Ji C, Saito H, Shiau H, Shah R, Williams MA, Blasi G, Goloubeva O. Meta-regression Analysis of Study Heterogeneity for Systemic Outcomes after Periodontal Therapy. JDR Clin Trans Res 2022; 8:23800844211070467. [PMID: 35037489 DOI: 10.1177/23800844211070467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The contribution of periodontal disease to adverse systemic consequences remains controversial. This analysis examined 2 well-investigated conditions independently and combined-adverse pregnancy outcomes and glycemic control for patients with diabetes-based on shared pathogenic mechanisms of periodontal infection and inflammation. It was proposed that inconsistencies in study design significantly contribute to outcome discrepancies found between periodontal intervention studies undergoing meta-analysis. METHODS Meta-analyses evaluating periodontal interventions on the rate of preterm birth and changes in glycated hemoglobin A1c in type 2 diabetes populations were conducted based on a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Meta-regression covariates for exploring heterogeneity included sample size, level of medical management, and bias risk as moderator variables in a random-effects meta-regression. RESULTS Systematic review identified 17 studies of diabetes and 13 of pregnancy outcomes. Analyses of these studies identified 0.50% reduction in HbA1c and 0.78 odds ratio for preterm births. The heterogeneity associated with the models was high (I2 = 92.4 and I2 = 62.7%, respectively). The adjusted models evaluating each systemic condition separately accounted for 52.2% of the effect for diabetes and 81.4% for pregnancy outcome effects independently, and 63.5% collectively, across interventional studies. CONCLUSION This systematic review with meta-regression analysis of heterogeneity demonstrates that disparate results seen in randomized controlled trials of periodontal therapy affecting systemic outcomes may be explained in large part by study design, specifically stringency in consideration of medical management and sample size. The potential for confounding factors to influence outcomes remains a concern in understanding the implications of oral health on systemic conditions. KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER STATEMENT The findings of this study demonstrate that much of the benefits seen from periodontal therapy on adverse systemic outcomes for diabetes and pregnancy are due to limitations in study design.
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Affiliation(s)
- T W Oates
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - V Guy
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Current affiliation: Private practice, Summerville, SC, USA
| | - K Ni
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Current affiliation: Private practice, Lancaster, PA, USA
| | - C Ji
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Current affiliation: Division of Periodontology and Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - H Saito
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - H Shiau
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - R Shah
- University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Current affiliation: UCSF School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - M A Williams
- Health Sciences & Human Services Library, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - G Blasi
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Current affiliation: Private practice, Barcelona, Spain
| | - O Goloubeva
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Zavala VA, Vidaurre T, Huang X, Casavilca S, Navarro J, Williams MA, Sanchez SE, Gelaye B, Fejerman L. Abstract PO-203: Assessment of previously reported polygenic risk score for breast cancer in Peruvian women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7755.disp21-po-203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide. Mutations in high and moderate penetrance genes account for ~10% of breast cancer cases. The remaining genetic predisposition is explained by multiple common genetic variants of relatively small effect. Genome-wide association studies in individuals of mostly European and Asian genetic ancestry have identified multiple risk-associated loci which can be combined into a polygenic risk score (PRS) to predict breast cancer. Our aim was to assess the association of a 313 polymorphism-PRS score (313-PRS) previously published and breast cancer risk in women of a relatively high proportion of Indigenous American ancestry from Peru. Methods: Breast cancer patients were recruited at the Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas in Lima, Peru, to be part of The Peruvian Genetics and Genomics of Breast Cancer Study (PEGEN-BC, N=1,755). Women without a diagnosis of breast cancer from a pregnancy outcomes study conducted in Lima, Peru, were included as ‘convenience' controls (N=3,342). Genome-wide genotype data were available for all women and missing genotypes were imputed using the Michigan Imputation Server including individuals from 1000 Genomes Project phase III as the reference panel. The 313 polymorphisms were extracted from the imputed data set for further analysis without imputation-r2 filter. Logistic regression was used to test the association between standardized PRS residuals (after adjustment for genetic ancestry) and breast cancer risk. Results: The 313-PRS was positively associated with breast cancer risk in women from Lima, Peru. (OR lowest decile vs. intermediate deciles=0.56, 95%CI= 0.44-0.71, p= 0.00001; OR highest decile vs. intermediate deciles=1.58, 95%CI=1.27-1.95, p= 0.000035). Analysis stratified by quartiles of Indigenous American ancestry did not show heterogeneity. AUROC curve analysis showed similar estimates for all quartiles of Indigenous American ancestry ranging from 0.59 (Q1-lowest ancestry) to 0.61 (Q4-highest ancestry). Conclusion: We confirmed the association between the previously published 313-PRS and breast cancer risk in highly Indigenous American women from Peru. The magnitude of the association and AUROC curve were not statistically significantly different by quartiles of Indigenous American ancestry. The similarity in the AUROC curve estimates by ancestry in a study where the highest ancestry quartile (Q4) includes women with more than 91% Indigenous American ancestry suggests that PRS developed in mostly European women could be used in Latin American populations of high Indigenous American ancestry.
Citation Format: Valentina A. Zavala, Tatiana Vidaurre, Xiaosong Huang, Sandro Casavilca, Jeannie Navarro, Michelle A. Williams, Sixto E. Sanchez, Bizu Gelaye, Laura Fejerman. Assessment of previously reported polygenic risk score for breast cancer in Peruvian women [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: 14th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2021 Oct 6-8. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-203.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jeannie Navarro
- 2Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplasicas, Lima, Peru,
| | | | | | - Bizu Gelaye
- 3Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA,
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Xiao H, Vierling MM, Kennedy RF, Boone EC, Decker LM, Sy VT, Haynes JB, Williams MA, Shiu PKT. Corrigendum to: Involvement of RNA granule proteins in meiotic silencing by unpaired DNA. G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics 2021; 11:6382016. [PMID: 34849834 PMCID: PMC8664492 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkab326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Castro N, Diana J, Blackwell J, Faulkner J, Lark S, Skidmore P, Hamlin M, Signal L, Williams MA, Stoner L. Social Jetlag and Cardiometabolic Risk in Preadolescent Children. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:705169. [PMID: 34692778 PMCID: PMC8529028 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.705169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Childhood cardiometabolic disease risk (CMD) has been associated with short sleep duration. Its relationship with other aspects of sleep should also be considered, including social jetlag (SJL) which represents the difference between a person's social rhythms and circadian clock. This study investigated whether childhood CMD risk is associated with sleep duration, sleep disturbances, and SJL. Study Design: The observational study included 332 children aged 8–10 years (48.5% female). The three independent variables were sleep duration, sleep disturbances, and SJL. SJL was calculated as the variation in hours between the midpoint of sleep during free (weekend) days and work/school days. Eleven cardiometabolic biomarkers were measured, including central blood pressure, lipids, glycated hemoglobin, arterial wave reflection, and glucose. Underlying CMD risk factors were identified using factor analysis. Results: Four underlying CMD risk factors were identified using factor analysis: blood pressure, cholesterol, vascular health, and carbohydrate metabolism. Neither sleep disturbances nor sleep duration were significantly associated with any of the four CMD factors following adjustments to potential confounders. However, SJL was significantly linked to vascular health (p = 0.027) and cholesterol (p = 0.025). Conclusion: These findings suggest that SJL may be a significant and measurable public health target for offsetting negative CMD trajectories in children. Further studies are required to determine biological plausibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Castro
- School of Health and Applied Human Sciences, University of North Carolina, Wilmington, NC, United States
| | - Jake Diana
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Jade Blackwell
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - James Faulkner
- School of Sport, Health, and Community, University of Winchester, Winchester, United Kingdom
| | - Sally Lark
- School of Sport, Exercise, and Nutrition, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Paula Skidmore
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Michael Hamlin
- Department of Tourism, Sport and Society, Lincoln University, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Leigh Signal
- Sleep-Wake Research Centre, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Michelle A Williams
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Lee Stoner
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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Castle R, Bushell WC, Mills PJ, Williams MA, Chopra D, Rindfleisch JA. Global Correlations Between Chronic Inflammation and Violent Incidents: Potential Behavioral Consequences of Inflammatory Illnesses Across Socio-Demographic Levels. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:6677-6691. [PMID: 34675629 PMCID: PMC8520436 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s324367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction This review explores the potential correlation between conditions associated with chronic inflammation and measures of violence across five socioeconomic subgroups. The hypothesis being that since chronic inflammation is associated with increased aggression, an extreme version of which is violence, there should be a correlation between incidents of violence and diseases with one or more inflammatory factors, without an equivalent correlation with the contrast group. An extension of this reasoning would predict a higher correlation among lower socio-demographic index (SDI) populations as a result of fewer resources to prevent either inflammatory disease or violent crime. Methods In order to examine this potential correlation, an analysis was made comparing rates of change in incidence between violence, inflammatory conditions, and a contrast group disease of noninflammatory nature, as determined by Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results In the low socio-demographic index, inflammatory conditions demonstrated 80% correlation with interpersonal violence, middle-low socio-demographic index inflammatory conditions demonstrated 60% correlation with interpersonal violence, middle socio-demographic index inflammatory conditions demonstrated 0% correlation with interpersonal violence, middle-high socio-demographic index inflammatory conditions demonstrated 60% correlation with interpersonal violence, and high socio-demographic index inflammatory conditions demonstrated 40% correlation with interpersonal violence. Discussion The majority of socio-demographic groups showed a significant correlation between rates of change in incidence of violence and inflammatory conditions. This correlation was not found with a similar frequency or strength in diseases not causally linked to inflammation. As predicted in the hypothesis, the highest correlations of inflammatory diseases with violence existed in the lower socio-demographic populations, supporting a link between inflammatory levels and incidences of violence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Castle
- Science Division, Whole Health Institute, Bentonville, AR, USA
| | | | - Paul J Mills
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, Center of Excellence for Research and Training in Integrative Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michelle A Williams
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - James A Rindfleisch
- Education Department, Whole Health School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bentonville, AR, USA
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Castle RD, Williams MA, Bushell WC, Rindfleisch JA, Peterson CT, Marzolf J, Brouwer K, Mills PJ. Implications for Systemic Approaches to COVID-19: Effect Sizes of Remdesivir, Tocilizumab, Melatonin, Vitamin D3, and Meditation. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:4859-4876. [PMID: 34588793 PMCID: PMC8473718 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s323356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction COVID-19 poses a chronic threat to inflammatory systems, reinforcing the need for efficient anti-inflammatory strategies. The purpose of this review and analysis was to determine the efficacy of various interventions upon the inflammatory markers most affected by COVID-19. The focus was on the markers associated with COVID-19, not the etiology of the virus itself. Methods Based on 27 reviewed papers, information was extracted on the effects of COVID-19 upon inflammatory markers, then the effects of standard treatments (Remdesivir, Tocilizumab) and adjunctive interventions (vitamin D3, melatonin, and meditation) were extracted for those markers. These data were used to approximate effect sizes for the disease or interventions via standardized mean differences (SMD). Results The data that were available indicated that adjunctive interventions affected 68.4% of the inflammatory markers impacted by COVID-19, while standard pharmaceutical medication affected 26.3%. Discussion Nonstandard adjunctive care appeared to have comparable or superior effects in comparison to Remdesivir and Tocilizumab on the inflammatory markers most impacted by COVID-19. Alongside standards of care, melatonin, vitamin D3, and meditation should be considered for treatment of SARS-COV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease. ![]()
Point your SmartPhone at the code above. If you have a QR code reader the video abstract will appear. Or use: https://youtu.be/2i2QG5lT0JI
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan D Castle
- Science Division, Whole Health Institute, Bentonville, AR, USA
| | - Michelle A Williams
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - J Adam Rindfleisch
- Education Department, Whole Health School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bentonville, AR, USA
| | - Christine Tara Peterson
- Center of Excellence for Research and Training in Integrative Health, Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - James Marzolf
- Health Sector Finance & Policy, Whole Health Institute, Bentonville, AR, USA
| | - Kimberly Brouwer
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Paul J Mills
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, Center of Excellence for Research and Training in Integrative Health, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
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Xiao H, Vierling MM, Kennedy RF, Boone EC, Decker LM, Sy VT, Haynes JB, Williams MA, Shiu PKT. Involvement of RNA granule proteins in meiotic silencing by unpaired DNA. G3 (Bethesda) 2021; 11:jkab179. [PMID: 34568932 PMCID: PMC8482848 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkab179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
In Neurospora crassa, expression from an unpaired gene is suppressed by a mechanism known as meiotic silencing by unpaired DNA (MSUD). MSUD utilizes common RNA interference (RNAi) factors to silence target mRNAs. Here, we report that Neurospora CAR-1 and CGH-1, homologs of two Caenorhabditis elegans RNA granule components, are involved in MSUD. These fungal proteins are found in the perinuclear region and P-bodies, much like their worm counterparts. They interact with components of the meiotic silencing complex (MSC), including the SMS-2 Argonaute. This is the first time MSUD has been linked to RNA granule proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Xiao
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Michael M Vierling
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Rana F Kennedy
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Erin C Boone
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Logan M Decker
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Victor T Sy
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Jackson B Haynes
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Michelle A Williams
- Present address: Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Patrick K T Shiu
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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Kotecha S, Williams MA, White HB, Graystone J, Gibbons M, Cosker T. Head and neck sarcoma: three-year data from a tertiary referral centre. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2021; 103:762-767. [PMID: 34448646 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2021.0119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sarcomas of the head and neck are neoplasms arising from the embryonic mesenchyme. They are rare and heterogeneous in nature and are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. This study evaluates patients referred to the Oxford Sarcoma Service, a tertiary referral centre. METHODS Patients discussed over a three-year period were included. Medical records were analysed using the electronic patient record database. Data were acquired on a range of domains, including: demographics, histopathology, treatment modality, recurrence, mortality, survival, etc. RESULTS Thirty-two eligible patients, 21 male and 11 female, were identified with a mean age of 58 years; 26 out of 32 patients had high-grade sarcomas. The commonest histological subtype was chondrosarcoma (8/32). Twenty-two underwent planned multidisciplinary team surgical resection after biopsy and staging: negative margins were noted in 9, with close and involved margins in 5 and 8, respectively. Local recurrence was noted in 13 and 6 had metastatic disease out of the 32 eligible patients. Mortality was noted in 10 out of 32 patients. Mean survival was 69.5 months. Five-year overall survival was 64%. Surgery demonstrated statistically significant improvement in survival (p=0.0095). There were no significant differences in survival, recurrence or marginal status between methods of adjuvant or neoadjuvant therapy. CONCLUSION Outcomes of head and neck sarcomas are inferior compared with other types of sarcoma. The nature of the complex surrounding anatomy presents unique challenges in surgical management. This in turn affects rates of local recurrence and prognosis. Therefore, it is critical that they are managed in tertiary, specialist centres with a multidisciplinary approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kotecha
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - M A Williams
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | | | - J Graystone
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - M Gibbons
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - T Cosker
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
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Papatheodorou S, Gelaye B, Williams MA. Association between omentin-1 and indices of glucose metabolism in early pregnancy: a pilot study. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2021; 305:589-596. [DOI: 10.1007/s00404-021-06197-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Phillips
- From the COVID Collaborative, Washington, DC (S.P.); and the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston (M.A.W.)
| | - Michelle A Williams
- From the COVID Collaborative, Washington, DC (S.P.); and the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston (M.A.W.)
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Siego CV, Sanchez SE, Jimenez ML, Rondon MB, Williams MA, Peterlin BL, Gelaye B. Associations between adverse childhood experiences and migraine among teenage mothers in Peru. J Psychosom Res 2021; 147:110507. [PMID: 34020343 PMCID: PMC8852843 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2021.110507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between (1) different types of ACEs and migraine, and (2) the number of ACEs and migraine among adolescent mothers in Lima, Peru. METHODS Our cross-sectional study included 787 adolescent mothers (14- to 18-years of age) in Peru. In-person interviews were conducted postpartum, in hospital, within 2-days of delivery. Nine types of ACEs were assessed, including exposure to three categories of abuse, two categories of neglect, and four categories of household dysfunction. Multivariable logistic regression procedures were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for the association between ACEs and migraine while adjusting for putative confounders. RESULTS Approximately 75% of adolescent mothers reported having experienced at least one type of ACE. Adolescent mothers who reported any childhood abuse had 1.49-fold increased odds of migraine (aOR = 1.49; 95% CI 1.03-2.18) compared to those with no history of childhood abuse. Adolescent mothers who reported experiencing household dysfunction had 1.56-fold increase odds of migraine (aOR = 1.56; 95% CI 1.09-2.24). Compared to participants who reported no ACE, those who experienced four or more ACEs had 3.09-fold (aOR = 3.09; 95% CI 1.80-5.40) increased odds of migraine (ptrend < 0.001). CONCLUSION Exposure to ACEs is highly prevalent in adolescent-aged mothers postpartum and is associated with increased odds of migraine. These findings support the importance of screening for ACEs and migraine among adolescent mothers; and the need for providing culturally appropriate, trauma-informed headache care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sixto E. Sanchez
- Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru,Asociación Civil PROESA, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Marta B. Rondon
- Department of Medicine, Cayetano Heredia Peruvian University, Lima, Peru
| | - Michelle A. Williams
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - B. Lee Peterlin
- Department of Neuroscience, Penn Medicine Lancaster General Headache Center, Lancaster, PA
| | - Bizu Gelaye
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; The Chester M. Pierce, M.D. Division of Global Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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Alsop K, Norman D, Remy G, Wilson P, Williams MA. Quantitative characterisation of ballistic cartridge cases from micro-CT. Forensic Sci Int 2021; 326:110913. [PMID: 34311286 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2021.110913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Evaluation of cartridge cases is essential within forensic ballistic analysis and is used in an attempt to establish a connection to the weapon used to fire it. This study consists of two experiments. The aims of Experiment 1 were to establish whether micro-CT is appropriate and repeatable for ballistic cartridge case analysis and if measurements can be extracted repeatably and reliably. Experiment 2 aimed to compare cartridge cases from two weapons to establish the magnitude of variation within and between weapons. A total of 48 cartridge cases fired by two distinct weapons were collected and micro-CT scanned to a high resolution. One randomly selected cartridge was scanned ten times under the same conditions to ensure repeatability of the scanning conditions in Experiment 1. Three novel measurements to quantitatively assess the firing pin impressions were proposed in Experiment 1 and comparatively analysed from two weapons in Experiment 2. Experiment 1 showed that micro-CT is an effective and highly repeatable and reliable method for 3-dimensional imaging and measurement of ballistic cartridge cases. Furthermore, high agreement for inter-rater reliability was found between five raters. Quantitative micro-CT analysis of the firing pin impression measurements in Experiment 2 showed a significant difference between the two studied weapons using Welch's t-test (p < 0.01). This study shows the advantage and reliability of utilising micro-CT for firing pin impression analysis. Quantitation of the firing pin impression allows distinction between the weapons studied. With expansion to further weapons, application of this methodology could complement current analysis techniques through classification models.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Alsop
- Forensic Centre for Digital Scanning and 3D Printing, WMG, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
| | - D Norman
- Forensic Centre for Digital Scanning and 3D Printing, WMG, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - G Remy
- Forensic Centre for Digital Scanning and 3D Printing, WMG, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - P Wilson
- Forensic Centre for Digital Scanning and 3D Printing, WMG, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - M A Williams
- Forensic Centre for Digital Scanning and 3D Printing, WMG, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
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Nkengasong JN, Raji T, Ferguson SL, Pate MA, Williams MA. Nursing leadership in Africa and health security. EClinicalMedicine 2021; 36:100930. [PMID: 34169244 PMCID: PMC8207179 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.100930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- John N. Nkengasong
- Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Corresponding author.
| | - Tajudeen Raji
- Division of Public Health Institutes and Research, Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | | | - Muhammad A. Pate
- Health, Nutrition and Population Global Practice, The World Bank Director, Global Financing Facility for Women, Children and Adolescents, Julio Frenk Professor of the Practice of Public Health Leadership, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA United States
| | - Michelle A. Williams
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, and Angelopoulos Professor in Public Health and International Development, at the Harvard Chan School and Harvard Kennedy School, MA United States
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Huang Y, Kioumourtzoglou MA, Mittleman MA, Ross Z, Williams MA, Friedman AM, Schwartz J, Wapner RJ, Ananth CV. Air Pollution and Risk of Placental Abruption: A Study of Births in New York City, 2008-2014. Am J Epidemiol 2021; 190:1021-1033. [PMID: 33295612 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwaa259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the associations of exposure to fine particulate matter (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) at concentrations of <12 μg/m3, 12-14 μg/m3, and ≥15 μg/m3) and nitrogen dioxide (at concentrations of <26 parts per billion (ppb), 26-29 ppb, and ≥30 ppb) with placental abruption in a prospective cohort study of 685,908 pregnancies in New York, New York (2008-2014). In copollutant analyses, these associations were examined using distributed-lag nonlinear models based on Cox models. The prevalence of abruption was 0.9% (n = 6,025). Compared with a PM2.5 concentration less than 12 μg/m3, women exposed to PM2.5 levels of ≥15 μg/m3 in the third trimester had a higher rate of abruption (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.68, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.41, 2.00). Compared with a nitrogen dioxide concentration less than 26 ppb, women exposed to nitrogen dioxide levels of 26-29 ppb (HR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.20) and ≥30 ppb (HR = 1.06, 95% CI: 0.96, 1.24) in the first trimester had higher rates of abruption. Compared with both PM2.5 and nitrogen dioxide levels less than the 95th percentile in the third trimester, rates of abruption were increased with both PM2.5 and nitrogen dioxide ≥95th percentile (HR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.15, 1.80) and PM2.5 ≥95th percentile and nitrogen dioxide <95th percentile (HR = 1.43 95% CI: 1.23, 1.66). Increased levels of PM2.5 exposure in the third trimester and nitrogen dioxide exposure in the first trimester are associated with elevated rates of placental abruption, suggesting that these exposures may be important triggers of premature placental separation through different pathways.
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Qureshi F, Derks IPM, Williams MA, Koenen KC, Tiemeier H, Kubzansky LD. Adverse intergenerational effects of ethnically-divisive social contexts on children's mental health: A prospective cohort study in the Netherlands. Soc Sci Med 2021; 277:113932. [PMID: 33892415 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.113932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Around the world, international migration and growing economic inequality have contributed to heightened perceptions of intergroup threat (i.e., feeling that people outside of one's social group are hostile to their physical or emotional well-being). Exposures related to intergroup threat, like negative intergroup contact, are inherently stressful and may contribute to higher levels of psychological distress in the population. This longitudinal study investigated whether maternal experiences of negative intergroup contact are related to poor mental health outcomes among ethnically diverse children in The Netherlands. METHODS Data are from 4025 mother-child pairs in the Generation R Study, a multi-ethnic Dutch birth cohort initiated in 2005. Mothers' experiences of negative intergroup contact were assessed during pregnancy. Child mental health was indexed by problem behavior reported by parents and teachers using the Child Behavior Checklist. Linear mixed-effects models tested longitudinal associations of maternal-reported negative intergroup contact with child problem behavior reported by mothers at ages 3, 5, and 9 years, considering a range of potential confounders. Sensitivity analyses examined whether results were replicated using child data from other informants. RESULTS In fully adjusted models, higher levels of negative intergroup contact were associated with more problem behavior averaged across childhood for both non-Dutch (standardized B = 0.10, 95% CI = 0.05, 0.14) and Dutch children (standardized B = 0.12, 95% CI = 0.08, 0.15). Sensitivity analyses with data from other informants largely supported primary findings. CONCLUSIONS Comparable adverse intergenerational effects on mental health were observed among both ethnic minority and majority children whose mothers experienced negative intergroup contact. These findings suggest that ethnically divisive social contexts may confer widespread risks, regardless of a child's ethnic background. To our knowledge, this study is the first to examine exposures related to intergroup threat from an epidemiologic perspective and provides proof of principle that such exposures may be informative for population health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Qureshi
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Ivonne P M Derks
- Erasmus Medical Center, The Generation R Study Group, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Erasmus University, Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Michelle A Williams
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Karestan C Koenen
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Laura D Kubzansky
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Boston, MA, United States
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Qureshi F, Derks IP, Jaddoe VW, Williams MA, Koenen KC, Tiemeier H, Kubzansky LD. Mental Health in Early Childhood and Changes in Cardiometabolic Dysregulation by Preadolescence. Psychosom Med 2021; 83:256-264. [PMID: 33657082 PMCID: PMC8016708 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000000927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Poor mental health in childhood is associated with a greater risk of cardiometabolic disease in adulthood, but less is known about when these associations begin to emerge. This study tests whether poor mental health (indexed by emotional and behavioral problems) in early childhood predicts increases in cardiometabolic dysregulation over 4 years of follow-up. METHODS Data are from 4327 participants in the Generation R Study. Problem behaviors were reported by mothers using the Child Behavior Checklist at age 6 years. Repeated measurements of six cardiometabolic parameters were collected at ages 6 and 10 years: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, C-reactive protein, and body mass index. Standardized measures were used to create continuous cardiometabolic dysregulation scores at ages 6 and 10 years. Change in dysregulation was defined as the difference in dysregulation scores over time. Cross-sectional and prospective associations were tested using linear regression, sequentially adjusting for relevant confounders. Additional analyses examined whether prospective relationships were robust to adjustment for baseline levels of dysregulation. RESULTS There was no association between child problem behaviors and cardiometabolic dysregulation at age 6 years. However, higher levels of problem behaviors predicted increases in cardiometabolic dysregulation (β = 0.12, 95% confidence interval = 0.00-0.23) from ages 6 to 10 years. CONCLUSIONS Worse child mental health may be associated with increases in cardiometabolic dysregulation by preadolescence. To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate that adverse physiologic effects of psychological distress identified in adult populations may be observed as early as childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Qureshi
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
| | - Ivonne P.M. Derks
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam
| | - Vincent W.V. Jaddoe
- The Generation R Study Group, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam
| | | | | | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
| | - Laura D. Kubzansky
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
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Levey EJ, Rondon MB, Sanchez S, Williams MA, Gelaye B. Psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the 10-item Connor Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) among adolescent mothers in Peru. J Child Adolesc Trauma 2021; 14:29-40. [PMID: 33708280 PMCID: PMC7900368 DOI: 10.1007/s40653-019-00295-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this research is to assess the psychometric properties of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) in order to contribute to the literature identifying validated resilience measures in low-resource settings where individuals face significant adversity. This cross-sectional study included 789 adolescent mothers who delivered at a maternity hospital in Lima, Peru. The Spanish version of the 10-item CD-RISC was used to measure resilience. Internal consistency and construct validity were assessed by evaluating individual item characteristics as well as the association of CD-RISC score with symptoms of depression, anxiety and sleep disturbance. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed to test the factorial structure of the CD-RISC. The CD-RISC was found to have good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.85). CD-RISC scores were positively associated with school attendance, financial hardship, and history of childhood abuse; scores were negatively associated with household dysfunction, depression, anxiety and poor sleep quality. The results of the EFA showed that the CD-RISC contained a two-factor solution, which accounted for 46% of the variance. Overall, these findings suggest that the Spanish-language version of the CD-RISC-10 is an adequate measure of resilience in this population. Further research is needed to incorporate culturally-specific constructs into resilience measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth J. Levey
- The Chester M. Pierce, MD Division of Global Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114 USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
- Institute for Juvenile Research, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60608 USA
| | | | - Sixto Sanchez
- Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Bizu Gelaye
- The Chester M. Pierce, MD Division of Global Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114 USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115 USA
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Gostin LO, Shalala DE, Hamburg MA, Bloom BR, Koplan JP, Rimer BK, Williams MA. A global health action agenda for the Biden administration. Lancet 2021; 397:5-8. [PMID: 33275907 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)32585-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence O Gostin
- O'Neill Institute for National and Global Health Law, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20001, USA.
| | | | | | - Barry R Bloom
- Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Barbara K Rimer
- School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Carroll H, Rondon MB, Sanchez SE, Fricchione GL, Williams MA, Gelaye B. Resilience mediates the relationship between household dysfunction in childhood and postpartum depression in adolescent mothers in Peru. Compr Psychiatry 2021; 104:152215. [PMID: 33242712 PMCID: PMC8210750 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2020.152215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Haley Carroll
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States of America.
| | - Marta B Rondon
- Departamento Académico Clínica del Adulto, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Sixto E Sanchez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
| | - Gregory L Fricchione
- The Chester M. Pierce, MD Division of Global Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Michelle A Williams
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Bizu Gelaye
- The Chester M. Pierce, MD Division of Global Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
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Williams MA, Lallo CHO, Sundaram V. The Effect of Early Post Hatch Feeding Times on the Growth and Development of the Gastrointestinal Tract of Mule Ducklings to Five Days of Age. Braz J Poult Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2019-1238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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