1
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Du JS, Cherqui C, Ueltschi TW, Wahl CB, Bourgeois M, Van Duyne RP, Schatz GC, Dravid VP, Mirkin CA. Discovering polyelemental nanostructures with redistributed plasmonic modes through combinatorial synthesis. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eadj6129. [PMID: 38134271 PMCID: PMC10745681 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj6129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Coupling plasmonic and functional materials provides a promising way to generate multifunctional structures. However, finding plasmonic nanomaterials and elucidating the roles of various geometric and dielectric configurations are tedious. This work describes a combinatorial approach to rapidly exploring and identifying plasmonic heteronanomaterials. Symmetry-broken noble/non-noble metal particle heterojunctions (~100 nanometers) were synthesized on multiwindow silicon chips with silicon nitride membranes. The metal types and the interface locations were controlled to establish a nanoparticle library, where the particle morphology and scattering color can be rapidly screened. By correlating structural data with near- and far-field single-particle spectroscopy data, we found that certain low-energy plasmonic modes could be supported across the heterointerface, while others are localized. Furthermore, we found a series of triangular heteronanoplates stabilized by epitaxial Moiré superlattices, which show strong plasmonic responses despite largely comprising a lossy metal (~70 atomic %). These architectures can become the basis for multifunctional and cost-effective plasmonic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingshan S. Du
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Charles Cherqui
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Tyler W. Ueltschi
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Carolin B. Wahl
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Marc Bourgeois
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Richard P. Van Duyne
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - George C. Schatz
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Vinayak P. Dravid
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- NUANCE Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Chad A. Mirkin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
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2
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Franklin D, Ueltschi T, Carlini A, Yao S, Reeder J, Richards B, Van Duyne RP, Rogers JA. Bioresorbable Microdroplet Lasers as Injectable Systems for Transient Thermal Sensing and Modulation. ACS Nano 2021; 15:2327-2339. [PMID: 33439017 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c10234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Minimally invasive methods for temperature sensing and thermal modulation in living tissues have extensive applications in biological research and clinical care. As alternatives to bioelectronic devices for this purpose, functional nanomaterials that self-assemble into optically active microstructures offer important features in remote sensing, injectability, and compact size. This paper introduces a transient, or bioresorbable, system based on injectable slurries of well-defined microparticles that serve as photopumped lasers with temperature-sensitive emission wavelengths (>4-300 nm °C-1). The resulting platforms can act as tissue-embedded thermal sensors and, simultaneously, as distributed vehicles for thermal modulation. Each particle consists of a spherical resonator formed by self-organized cholesteric liquid crystal molecules doped with fluorophores as gain media, encapsulated in thin shells of soft hydrogels that offer adjustable rates of bioresorption through chemical modification. Detailed studies highlight fundamental aspects of these systems including particle sensitivity, lasing threshold, and size. Additional experiments explore functionality as photothermal agents with active temperature feedback (ΔT = 1 °C) and potential routes in remote evaluation of thermal transport properties. Cytotoxicity evaluations support their biocompatibility, and ex vivo demonstrations in Casper fish illustrate their ability to measure temperature within biological tissues with resolution of 0.01 °C. This collective set of results demonstrates a range of multifunctional capabilities in thermal sensing and modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Franklin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Querrey-Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Tyler Ueltschi
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Andrea Carlini
- Querrey-Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Shenglian Yao
- Querrey-Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Jonathan Reeder
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Querrey-Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Benjamin Richards
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Richard P Van Duyne
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - John A Rogers
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Querrey-Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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3
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Qi Y, Brasiliense V, Ueltschi TW, Park JE, Wasielewski MR, Schatz GC, Van Duyne RP. Plasmon-Driven Chemistry in Ferri-/Ferrocyanide Gold Nanoparticle Oligomers: A SERS Study. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:13120-13129. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c05031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Qi
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Vitor Brasiliense
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Tyler W. Ueltschi
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Ji Eun Park
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - George C. Schatz
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Richard P. Van Duyne
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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4
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Zhu J, Lin H, Kim Y, Yang M, Skakuj K, Du JS, Lee B, Schatz GC, Van Duyne RP, Mirkin CA. Light-Responsive Colloidal Crystals Engineered with DNA. Adv Mater 2020; 32:e1906600. [PMID: 31944429 PMCID: PMC7061716 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201906600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A novel method for synthesizing and photopatterning colloidal crystals via light-responsive DNA is developed. These crystals are composed of 10-30 nm gold nanoparticles interconnected with azobenzene-modified DNA strands. The photoisomerization of the azobenzene molecules leads to reversible assembly and disassembly of the base-centered cubic (bcc) and face-centered cubic (fcc) crystalline nanoparticle lattices. In addition, UV light is used as a trigger to selectively remove nanoparticles on centimeter-scale thin films of colloidal crystals, allowing them to be photopatterned into preconceived shapes. The design of the azobenzene-modified linking DNA is critical and involves complementary strands, with azobenzene moieties deliberately staggered between the bases that define the complementary code. This results in a tunable wavelength-dependent melting temperature (Tm ) window (4.5-15 °C) and one suitable for affecting the desired transformations. In addition to the isomeric state of the azobenzene groups, the size of the particles can be used to modulate the Tm window over which these structures are light-responsive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghan Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, 2220 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, 2190 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Haixin Lin
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, 2190 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Youngeun Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, 2220 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, 2190 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Muwen Yang
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, 2190 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Kacper Skakuj
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, 2190 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Jingshan S Du
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, 2220 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, 2190 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Byeongdu Lee
- X-Ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - George C Schatz
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, 2190 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Richard P Van Duyne
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, 2190 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Chad A Mirkin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, 2220 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, 2190 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
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5
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Langer J, Jimenez de Aberasturi D, Aizpurua J, Alvarez-Puebla RA, Auguié B, Baumberg JJ, Bazan GC, Bell SEJ, Boisen A, Brolo AG, Choo J, Cialla-May D, Deckert V, Fabris L, Faulds K, García de Abajo FJ, Goodacre R, Graham D, Haes AJ, Haynes CL, Huck C, Itoh T, Käll M, Kneipp J, Kotov NA, Kuang H, Le Ru EC, Lee HK, Li JF, Ling XY, Maier SA, Mayerhöfer T, Moskovits M, Murakoshi K, Nam JM, Nie S, Ozaki Y, Pastoriza-Santos I, Perez-Juste J, Popp J, Pucci A, Reich S, Ren B, Schatz GC, Shegai T, Schlücker S, Tay LL, Thomas KG, Tian ZQ, Van Duyne RP, Vo-Dinh T, Wang Y, Willets KA, Xu C, Xu H, Xu Y, Yamamoto YS, Zhao B, Liz-Marzán LM. Present and Future of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering. ACS Nano 2020; 14:28-117. [PMID: 31478375 PMCID: PMC6990571 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b04224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1289] [Impact Index Per Article: 322.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of the enhancement of Raman scattering by molecules adsorbed on nanostructured metal surfaces is a landmark in the history of spectroscopic and analytical techniques. Significant experimental and theoretical effort has been directed toward understanding the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effect and demonstrating its potential in various types of ultrasensitive sensing applications in a wide variety of fields. In the 45 years since its discovery, SERS has blossomed into a rich area of research and technology, but additional efforts are still needed before it can be routinely used analytically and in commercial products. In this Review, prominent authors from around the world joined together to summarize the state of the art in understanding and using SERS and to predict what can be expected in the near future in terms of research, applications, and technological development. This Review is dedicated to SERS pioneer and our coauthor, the late Prof. Richard Van Duyne, whom we lost during the preparation of this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Langer
- CIC
biomaGUNE and CIBER-BBN, Paseo de Miramón 182, Donostia-San Sebastián 20014, Spain
| | | | - Javier Aizpurua
- Materials
Physics Center (CSIC-UPV/EHU), and Donostia
International Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, Donostia-San
Sebastián 20018, Spain
| | - Ramon A. Alvarez-Puebla
- Departamento
de Química Física e Inorgánica and EMaS, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona 43007, Spain
- ICREA-Institució
Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona 08010, Spain
| | - Baptiste Auguié
- School
of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria
University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
- The
MacDiarmid
Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, PO Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
- The Dodd-Walls
Centre for Quantum and Photonic Technologies, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Jeremy J. Baumberg
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University
of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Guillermo C. Bazan
- Department
of Materials and Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa
Barbara, California 93106-9510, United States
| | - Steven E. J. Bell
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen’s
University of Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AG, United Kingdom
| | - Anja Boisen
- Department
of Micro- and Nanotechnology, The Danish National Research Foundation
and Villum Foundation’s Center for Intelligent Drug Delivery
and Sensing Using Microcontainers and Nanomechanics, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Alexandre G. Brolo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065, Victoria, BC V8W 3 V6, Canada
- Center
for Advanced Materials and Related Technologies, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Jaebum Choo
- Department
of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, South Korea
| | - Dana Cialla-May
- Leibniz
Institute of Photonic Technology Jena - Member of the research alliance “Leibniz Health Technologies”, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, Jena 07745, Germany
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, Jena 07745, Germany
| | - Volker Deckert
- Leibniz
Institute of Photonic Technology Jena - Member of the research alliance “Leibniz Health Technologies”, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, Jena 07745, Germany
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, Jena 07745, Germany
| | - Laura Fabris
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Rutgers
University, 607 Taylor Road, Piscataway New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Karen Faulds
- Department
of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University
of Strathclyde, Technology and Innovation Centre, 99 George Street, Glasgow G1 1RD, United Kingdom
| | - F. Javier García de Abajo
- ICREA-Institució
Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona 08010, Spain
- The Barcelona
Institute of Science and Technology, Institut
de Ciencies Fotoniques, Castelldefels (Barcelona) 08860, Spain
| | - Royston Goodacre
- Department
of Biochemistry, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Biosciences Building, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, United Kingdom
| | - Duncan Graham
- Department
of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University
of Strathclyde, Technology and Innovation Centre, 99 George Street, Glasgow G1 1RD, United Kingdom
| | - Amanda J. Haes
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Christy L. Haynes
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Christian Huck
- Kirchhoff
Institute for Physics, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Tamitake Itoh
- Nano-Bioanalysis
Research Group, Health Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0395, Japan
| | - Mikael Käll
- Department
of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Goteborg S412 96, Sweden
| | - Janina Kneipp
- Department
of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität
zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, Berlin-Adlershof 12489, Germany
| | - Nicholas A. Kotov
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Hua Kuang
- Key Lab
of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, International
Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- State Key
Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, JiangSu 214122, China
| | - Eric C. Le Ru
- School
of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria
University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
- The
MacDiarmid
Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, PO Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
- The Dodd-Walls
Centre for Quantum and Photonic Technologies, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Hiang Kwee Lee
- Division
of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical
Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford
University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Jian-Feng Li
- State Key
Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, MOE Key Laboratory
of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Department of Chemistry,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xing Yi Ling
- Division
of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical
Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Stefan A. Maier
- Chair in
Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich 80539, Germany
| | - Thomas Mayerhöfer
- Leibniz
Institute of Photonic Technology Jena - Member of the research alliance “Leibniz Health Technologies”, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, Jena 07745, Germany
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, Jena 07745, Germany
| | - Martin Moskovits
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University
of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510, United States
| | - Kei Murakoshi
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido
University, North 10 West 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo,
Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
| | - Jwa-Min Nam
- Department
of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Shuming Nie
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1406 W. Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Yukihiro Ozaki
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
| | | | - Jorge Perez-Juste
- Departamento
de Química Física and CINBIO, University of Vigo, Vigo 36310, Spain
| | - Juergen Popp
- Leibniz
Institute of Photonic Technology Jena - Member of the research alliance “Leibniz Health Technologies”, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, Jena 07745, Germany
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, Jena 07745, Germany
| | - Annemarie Pucci
- Kirchhoff
Institute for Physics, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Stephanie Reich
- Department
of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Bin Ren
- State Key
Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, MOE Key Laboratory
of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Department of Chemistry,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - George C. Schatz
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Timur Shegai
- Department
of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Goteborg S412 96, Sweden
| | - Sebastian Schlücker
- Physical
Chemistry I, Department of Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration
Duisburg-Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen 45141, Germany
| | - Li-Lin Tay
- National
Research Council Canada, Metrology Research
Centre, Ottawa K1A0R6, Canada
| | - K. George Thomas
- School
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science
Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura Thiruvananthapuram 695551, India
| | - Zhong-Qun Tian
- State Key
Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, MOE Key Laboratory
of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Department of Chemistry,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Richard P. Van Duyne
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Tuan Vo-Dinh
- Fitzpatrick
Institute for Photonics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and
Department of Chemistry, Duke University, 101 Science Drive, Box 90281, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Yue Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern
University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Katherine A. Willets
- Department
of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Chuanlai Xu
- Key Lab
of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, International
Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- State Key
Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, JiangSu 214122, China
| | - Hongxing Xu
- School
of Physics and Technology and Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yikai Xu
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen’s
University of Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AG, United Kingdom
| | - Yuko S. Yamamoto
- School
of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute
of Science and Technology, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
| | - Bing Zhao
- State Key
Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Luis M. Liz-Marzán
- CIC
biomaGUNE and CIBER-BBN, Paseo de Miramón 182, Donostia-San Sebastián 20014, Spain
- Ikerbasque,
Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao 48013, Spain
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6
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Yang M, Mattei MS, Cherqui CR, Chen X, Van Duyne RP, Schatz GC. Tip-Enhanced Raman Excitation Spectroscopy (TERES): Direct Spectral Characterization of the Gap-Mode Plasmon. Nano Lett 2019; 19:7309-7316. [PMID: 31518135 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b02925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The plasmonic properties of tip-substrate composite systems are of vital importance to near-field optical spectroscopy, in particular tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS), which enables operando studies of nanoscale chemistry at a single molecule level. The nanocavities formed in the tip-substrate junction also offer a highly tunable platform for studying field-matter interactions at the nanoscale. While the coupled nanoparticle dimer model offers a correct qualitative description of gap-mode plasmon effects, it ignores the full spectrum of multipolar tip plasmon modes and their interaction with surface plasmon polariton (SPP) excitation in the substrate. Herein, we perform the first tip-enhanced Raman excitation spectroscopy (TERES) experiment and use the results, both in ambient and aqueous media, in combination with electrodynamics simulations, to explore the plasmonic response of a Au tip-Au substrate composite system. The gap-mode plasmon features a wide spectral window corresponding to a host of tip plasmon modes interacting with the plasmonic substrate. Simulations of the electric field confinement demonstrate that optimal spatial resolution is achieved when a hybrid plasmon mode that combines a multipolar tip plasmon and a substrate SPP is excited. Nevertheless, a wide spectral window over 1000 nm is available for exciting the tip plasmon with high spatial resolution, which enables the simultaneous resonant detection of different molecular species. This window is robust as a function of tip-substrate distance and tip radius of curvature, indicating that many choices of tips will work, but it is restricted to wavelengths longer than ∼600 nm for the Au tip-Au substrate combination. Other combinations, such as Ag tip-Ag substrate, can access wavelengths as low as 350 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muwen Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Physics Program , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Michael S Mattei
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Physics Program , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Charles R Cherqui
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Physics Program , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Physics Program , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Richard P Van Duyne
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Physics Program , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - George C Schatz
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Physics Program , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
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7
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Park JE, Yonet-Tanyeri N, Vander Ende E, Henry AI, Perez White BE, Mrksich M, Van Duyne RP. Plasmonic Microneedle Arrays for in Situ Sensing with Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS). Nano Lett 2019; 19:6862-6868. [PMID: 31545611 PMCID: PMC7398609 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b02070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a sensitive, chemically specific, and short-time response probing method with significant potential in biomedical sensing. This paper reports the integration of SERS with microneedle arrays as a minimally invasive platform for chemical sensing, with a particular view toward sensing in interstitial fluid (ISF). Microneedle arrays were fabricated from a commercial polymeric adhesive and coated with plasmonically active gold nanorods that were functionalized with the pH-sensitive molecule 4-mercaptobenzoic acid. This sensor can quantitate pH over a range of 5 to 9 and can detect pH levels in an agar gel skin phantom and in human skin in situ. The sensor array is stable and mechanically robust in that it exhibits no loss in SERS activity after multiple punches through an agar gel skin phantom and human skin or after a month-long incubation in phosphate-buffered saline. This work is the first to integrate SERS-active nanoparticles with polymeric microneedle arrays and to demonstrate in situ sensing with this platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Eun Park
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Nihan Yonet-Tanyeri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Emma Vander Ende
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Anne-Isabelle Henry
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Bethany E. Perez White
- Skin Tissue Engineering Core and Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611 United States
| | - Milan Mrksich
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Corresponding Authors:.
| | - Richard P. Van Duyne
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Corresponding Authors:.
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8
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Chen Z, Jiang S, Kang G, Nguyen D, Schatz GC, Van Duyne RP. Operando Characterization of Iron Phthalocyanine Deactivation during Oxygen Reduction Reaction Using Electrochemical Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:15684-15692. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b07979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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9
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Bae YJ, Christensen JA, Kang G, Zhou J, Young RM, Wu YL, Van Duyne RP, Schatz GC, Wasielewski MR. Substituent effects on energetics and crystal morphology modulate singlet fission in 9,10-bis(phenylethynyl)anthracenes. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:044501. [PMID: 31370542 DOI: 10.1063/1.5110411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Singlet fission (SF) converts a singlet exciton into two triplet excitons in two or more electronically coupled organic chromophores, which may then be used to increase solar cell efficiency. Many known SF chromophores are unsuitable for device applications due to chemical instability or low triplet state energies. The results described here show that efficient SF occurs in derivatives of 9,10-bis(phenylethynyl)anthracene (BPEA), which is a highly robust and tunable chromophore. Fluoro and methoxy substituents at the 4- and 4'-positions of the BPEA phenyl groups control the intermolecular packing in the crystal structure, which alters the interchromophore electronic coupling, while also changing the SF energetics. The lowest excited singlet state (S1) energy of 4,4'-difluoro-BPEA is higher than that of BPEA so that the increased thermodynamic favorability of SF results in a (16 ± 2 ps)-1 SF rate and a 180% ± 16% triplet yield, which is about an order of magnitude faster than BPEA with a comparable triplet yield. By contrast, 4-fluoro-4'-methoxy-BPEA and 4,4'-dimethoxy-BPEA have slower SF rates, (90 ± 20 ps)-1 and (120 ± 10 ps)-1, and lower triplet yields, (110 ± 4)% and (168 ± 7)%, respectively, than 4,4'-difluoro-BPEA. These differences are attributed to changes in the crystal structure controlling interchromophore electronic coupling as well as SF energetics in these polycrystalline solids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn Jue Bae
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA
| | - Joseph A Christensen
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA
| | - Gyeongwon Kang
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA
| | - Jiawang Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA
| | - Ryan M Young
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA
| | - Yi-Lin Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA
| | - Richard P Van Duyne
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA
| | - George C Schatz
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA
| | - Michael R Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA
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10
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Nguyen D, Kang G, Hersam MC, Schatz GC, Van Duyne RP. Molecular-Scale Mechanistic Investigation of Oxygen Dissociation and Adsorption on Metal Surface-Supported Cobalt Phthalocyanine. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:3966-3971. [PMID: 31251623 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b00926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ultrahigh vacuum scanning tunneling microscopy and density functional theory are used to investigate adsorption of oxygen on cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc), a promising nonprecious metal oxygen reduction catalyst, supported on Ag(111), Cu(111), and Au(111) surfaces at the molecular scale. Four distinct molecular and atomic oxygen adsorption configurations are observed for CoPc supported on Ag(111) surfaces, which are assigned as O2/CoPc/Ag(111), O/CoPc/Ag(111), CoPc/(O)2/Ag(111), and (O)2/CoPc/Ag(111). In contrast, no oxygen adsorption is observed for CoPc supported on Cu(111) and Au(111) surfaces. The results show that for Ag(111), atomic O that is predominantly catalytically produced from the dissociation of molecular O2 at metal surface step edges is responsible for the observed adsorption configurations. However, Cu(111) binds atomic O too strongly, and Au(111) does not produce atomic O. These results show the active role of the supporting metal surface in facilitating oxygen adsorption on CoPc.
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11
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Vander Ende E, Bourgeois MR, Henry AI, Chávez JL, Krabacher R, Schatz GC, Van Duyne RP. Physicochemical Trapping of Neurotransmitters in Polymer-Mediated Gold Nanoparticle Aggregates for Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy. Anal Chem 2019; 91:9554-9562. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b00773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emma Vander Ende
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Marc R. Bourgeois
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Anne-Isabelle Henry
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Jorge L. Chávez
- 711th Human Performance Wing, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base Air Force Research Laboratories, Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Rachel Krabacher
- 711th Human Performance Wing, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base Air Force Research Laboratories, Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - George C. Schatz
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Richard P. Van Duyne
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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12
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Abstract
Electrochemical atomic force microscopy tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (EC-AFM-TERS) was used for the first time to spatially resolve local heterogeneity in redox behavior on an electrode surface in situ and at the nanoscale. A structurally well-defined Au(111) nanoplate located on a polycrystalline ITO substrate was studied to examine nanoscale redox contrast across the two electrode materials. By monitoring the TERS intensity of adsorbed Nile Blue (NB) molecules on the electrode surface, TERS maps were acquired with different applied potentials. The EC-TERS maps showed a spatial contrast in TERS intensity between Au and ITO. TERS line scans near the edge of a 20 nm-thick Au nanoplate demonstrated a spatial resolution of 81 nm under an applied potential of -0.1 V vs Ag/AgCl. The intensities from the TERS maps at various applied potentials followed Nernstian behavior, and a formal potential ( E0') map was constructed by fitting the TERS intensity at each pixel to the Nernst equation. Clear nanoscale spatial contrast between the Au and ITO regions was observed in the E0' map. In addition, statistical analysis of the E0' map identified a statistically significant 4 mV difference in E0' on Au vs ITO. Electrochemical heterogeneity was also evident in the E0' distribution, as a bimodal distribution was observed in E0' on polycrystalline ITO, but not on gold. A direct comparison between an AFM friction image and the E0' map resolved the electrochemical behavior of individual ITO grains with a spatial resolution of ∼40 nm. The variation in E0' was attributed to different local surface charges on the ITO grains. Such site-specific electrochemical information with nanoscale spatial and few mV voltage resolutions is not available using ensemble spectroelectrochemical methods. We expect that in situ redox mapping at the nanoscale using EC-AFM-TERS will have a crucial impact on understanding the role of nanoscale surface features in applications such as electrocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyeongwon Kang
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Muwen Yang
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Michael S Mattei
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - George C Schatz
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Richard P Van Duyne
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
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13
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Henry AI, Ueltschi TW, McAnally MO, Van Duyne RP. Spiers Memorial Lecture. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy: from single particle/molecule spectroscopy to ångstrom-scale spatial resolution and femtosecond time resolution. Faraday Discuss 2019; 205:9-30. [PMID: 28906524 DOI: 10.1039/c7fd00181a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Four decades on, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) continues to be a vibrant field of research that is growing (approximately) exponentially in scope and applicability while pushing at the ultimate limits of sensitivity, spatial resolution, and time resolution. This introductory paper discusses some aspects related to all four of the themes for this Faraday Discussion. First, the wavelength-scanned SERS excitation spectroscopy (WS-SERES) of single nanosphere oligomers (viz., dimers, trimers, etc.), the distance dependence of SERS, the magnitude of the chemical enhancement mechanism, and the progress toward developing surface-enhanced femtosecond stimulated Raman spectroscopy (SE-FSRS) are discussed. Second, our efforts to develop a continuous, minimally invasive, in vivo glucose sensor based on SERS are highlighted. Third, some aspects of our recent work in single molecule SERS and the translation of that effort to ångstrom-scale spatial resolution in ultrahigh vacuum tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (UHV-TERS) and single molecule electrochemistry using electrochemical (EC)-TERS will be presented. Finally, we provide an overview of analytical SERS with our viewpoints on SERS substrates, approaches to address the analyte generality problem (i.e. target molecules that do not spontaneously adsorb and/or have Raman cross sections <10-29 cm2 sr-1), SERS for catalysis, and deep UV-SERS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Isabelle Henry
- Departments of Chemistry, Biomedical Engineering, and Applied Physics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208-3113, USA.
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14
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Osterrieth JWM, Wright D, Noh H, Kung CW, Vulpe D, Li A, Park JE, Van Duyne RP, Moghadam PZ, Baumberg JJ, Farha OK, Fairen-Jimenez D. Core–Shell Gold Nanorod@Zirconium-Based Metal–Organic Framework Composites as in Situ Size-Selective Raman Probes. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:3893-3900. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b11300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes W. M. Osterrieth
- Adsorption and Advanced Materials (AAM) Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K
| | - Demelza Wright
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K
| | - Hyunho Noh
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Chung-Wei Kung
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Diana Vulpe
- Adsorption and Advanced Materials (AAM) Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K
| | - Aurelia Li
- Adsorption and Advanced Materials (AAM) Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K
| | - Ji Eun Park
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Richard P. Van Duyne
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Peyman Z. Moghadam
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield S1 3JD, U.K
| | - Jeremy J. Baumberg
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K
| | - Omar K. Farha
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 30208, United States
| | - David Fairen-Jimenez
- Adsorption and Advanced Materials (AAM) Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K
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15
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Hackler RA, Kang G, Schatz GC, Stair PC, Van Duyne RP. Analysis of TiO2 Atomic Layer Deposition Surface Chemistry and Evidence of Propene Oligomerization Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 141:414-422. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b10689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A. Hackler
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Catalysis and Surface Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Gyeongwon Kang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Catalysis and Surface Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - George C. Schatz
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Catalysis and Surface Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Peter C. Stair
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Catalysis and Surface Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Richard P. Van Duyne
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Catalysis and Surface Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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16
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Bae YJ, Kang G, Malliakas CD, Nelson JN, Zhou J, Young RM, Wu YL, Van Duyne RP, Schatz GC, Wasielewski MR. Singlet Fission in 9,10-Bis(phenylethynyl)anthracene Thin Films. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:15140-15144. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b07498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Youn Jue Bae
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Gyeongwon Kang
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Christos D. Malliakas
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Jordan N. Nelson
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Jiawang Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Ryan M. Young
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Yi-Lin Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Richard P. Van Duyne
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - George C. Schatz
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
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17
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Klein RA, Walsh JPS, Clarke SM, Guo Y, Bi W, Fabbris G, Meng Y, Haskel D, Alp EE, Van Duyne RP, Jacobsen SD, Freedman DE. Impact of Pressure on Magnetic Order in Jarosite. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:12001-12009. [PMID: 30063832 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b05601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Jarosite, a mineral with a kagomé lattice, displays magnetic frustration yet orders magnetically below 65 K. As magnetic frustration can engender exotic physical properties, understanding the complex magnetism of jarosite comprises a multidecade interdisciplinary challenge. Unraveling the nature of the disparate magnetic coupling interactions that lead to magnetic order in jarosite remains an open question. Specifically, there is no observed trend in the interlayer spacing with magnetic order. Similarly, the relationship between metal-ligand bond distance and magnetic order remains uninvestigated. Here, we use applied pressure to smoothly vary jarosite's structure without manipulating the chemical composition, enabling a chemically invariant structure-function study. Using single-crystal and powder X-ray diffraction, we show that high applied pressures alter both the interlayer spacing and the metal-ligand bond distances. By harnessing a suite of magnetic techniques under pressure, including SQUID-based magnetometry, time-resolved synchrotron Mössbauer spectroscopy, and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism, we construct the magnetic phase diagram for jarosite up to 40 GPa. Notably, we demonstrate that the magnetic ordering temperature increases dramatically to 240 K at the highest pressures. Additionally, we conduct X-ray emission spectroscopy, Mössbauer spectroscopy, and UV-visible absorption spectroscopy experiments to comprehensively map the magnetic and electronic structures of jarosite at high pressure. We use these maps to construct chemically pure magnetostructural correlations which fully explain the nature and role of the disparate magnetic coupling interactions in jarosite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A Klein
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - James P S Walsh
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Samantha M Clarke
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Yinsheng Guo
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Wenli Bi
- Advanced Photon Source , Argonne National Laboratory , 9700 South Cass Avenue , Lemont , Illinois 60439 , United States.,Department of Geology , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
| | - Gilberto Fabbris
- Advanced Photon Source , Argonne National Laboratory , 9700 South Cass Avenue , Lemont , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Yue Meng
- Advanced Photon Source , Argonne National Laboratory , 9700 South Cass Avenue , Lemont , Illinois 60439 , United States.,HPCAT, Geophysical Laboratory , Carnegie Institute of Washington , Argonne , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Daniel Haskel
- Advanced Photon Source , Argonne National Laboratory , 9700 South Cass Avenue , Lemont , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - E Ercan Alp
- Advanced Photon Source , Argonne National Laboratory , 9700 South Cass Avenue , Lemont , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Richard P Van Duyne
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Steven D Jacobsen
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Danna E Freedman
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
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18
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Sprague-Klein EA, Negru B, Madison LR, Coste SC, Rugg BK, Felts AM, McAnally MO, Banik M, Apkarian VA, Wasielewski MR, Ratner MA, Seideman T, Schatz GC, Van Duyne RP. Photoinduced Plasmon-Driven Chemistry in trans-1,2-Bis(4-pyridyl)ethylene Gold Nanosphere Oligomers. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:10583-10592. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b06347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Alanna M. Felts
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | | | - Mayukh Banik
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Vartkess A. Apkarian
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
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19
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Goubert G, Chen X, Jiang S, Van Duyne RP. In Situ Electrochemical Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy with a Chemically Modified Tip. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:3825-3828. [PMID: 29945445 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b01635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Chemically modified tips in scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) have been used to improve the imaging resolution or provide richer chemical information, mostly in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) environments. Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) is a nanoscale spectroscopic technique that already provides chemical information and can provide subnanometer spatial resolution. Chemical modification of TERS tips has mainly been focused on increasing their lifetimes for ambient and in situ experiments. Under UHV conditions, chemical functionalization has recently been carried out to increase the amount of chemical information provided by TERS. However, this strategy has not yet been extended to in situ electrochemical (EC)-TERS studies. The independent control of the tip and sample potentials offered by EC-STM allows us to prove the in situ functionalization of a tip in EC-STM-TERS. Additionally, the Raman response of chemically modified TERS tips can be switched on and off at will, which makes EC-STM-TERS an ideal platform for the development of in situ chemical probes on the nanoscale.
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20
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Nguyen D, Kang G, Chiang N, Chen X, Seideman T, Hersam MC, Schatz GC, Van Duyne RP. Probing Molecular-Scale Catalytic Interactions between Oxygen and Cobalt Phthalocyanine Using Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:5948-5954. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b01154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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21
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Chen BR, Crosby LA, George C, Kennedy RM, Schweitzer NM, Wen J, Van Duyne RP, Stair PC, Poeppelmeier KR, Marks LD, Bedzyk MJ. Morphology and CO Oxidation Activity of Pd Nanoparticles on SrTiO3 Nanopolyhedra. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b04173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bor-Rong Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Lawrence A. Crosby
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Cassandra George
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Robert M. Kennedy
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Neil M. Schweitzer
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Jianguo Wen
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Richard P. Van Duyne
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Peter C. Stair
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Chemical Sciences & Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Kenneth R. Poeppelmeier
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Chemical Sciences & Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Laurence D. Marks
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michael J. Bedzyk
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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22
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Chiang N, Jiang N, Madison LR, Pozzi EA, Wasielewski MR, Ratner MA, Hersam MC, Seideman T, Schatz GC, Van Duyne RP. Probing Intermolecular Vibrational Symmetry Breaking in Self-Assembled Monolayers with Ultrahigh Vacuum Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:18664-18669. [PMID: 29198112 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b10645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ultrahigh vacuum tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (UHV-TERS) combines the atomic-scale imaging capability of scanning probe microscopy with the single-molecule chemical sensitivity and structural specificity of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Here, we use these techniques in combination with theory to reveal insights into the influence of intermolecular interactions on the vibrational spectra of a N-N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-perylene-3,4:9,10-bis(dicarboximide) (PDI) self-assembled monolayer adsorbed on single-crystal Ag substrates at room temperature. In particular, we have revealed the lifting of a vibrational degeneracy of a mode of PDI on Ag(111) and Ag(100) surfaces, with the most strongly perturbed mode being that associated with the largest vibrational amplitude on the periphery of the molecule. This work demonstrates that UHV-TERS enables direct measurement of molecule-molecule interaction at nanoscale. We anticipate that this information will advance the fundamental understanding of the most important effect of intermolecular interactions on the vibrational modes of surface-bound molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nan Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
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23
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Sprague-Klein EA, McAnally MO, Zhdanov DV, Zrimsek AB, Apkarian VA, Seideman T, Schatz GC, Van Duyne RP. Observation of Single Molecule Plasmon-Driven Electron Transfer in Isotopically Edited 4,4′-Bipyridine Gold Nanosphere Oligomers. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:15212-15221. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b08868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Vartkess A. Apkarian
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
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24
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Skinner OS, McAnally MO, Van Duyne RP, Schatz GC, Breuker K, Compton PD, Kelleher NL. Native Electron Capture Dissociation Maps to Iron-Binding Channels in Horse Spleen Ferritin. Anal Chem 2017; 89:10711-10716. [PMID: 28938074 PMCID: PMC5647560 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b01581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Native electron capture
dissociation (NECD) is a process during
which proteins undergo fragmentation similar to that from radical
dissociation methods, but without the addition of exogenous electrons.
However, after three initial reports of NECD from the cytochrome c dimer complex, no further evidence of the effect has been
published. Here, we report NECD behavior from horse spleen ferritin,
a ∼490 kDa protein complex ∼20-fold larger than the
previously studied cytochrome c dimer. Application
of front-end infrared excitation (FIRE) in conjunction with low- and
high-m/z quadrupole isolation and
collisionally activated dissociation (CAD) provides new insights into
the NECD mechanism. Additionally, activation of the intact complex
in either the electrospray droplet or the gas phase produced c-type fragment ions. Similar to the previously reported
results on cytochrome c, these fragment ions form
near residues known to interact with iron atoms in solution. By mapping
the location of backbone cleavages associated with c-type ions onto
the crystal structure, we are able to characterize two distinct iron
binding channels that facilitate iron ion transport into the core
of the complex. The resulting pathways are in good agreement with
previously reported results for iron binding sites in mammalian ferritin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owen S Skinner
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michael O McAnally
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Richard P Van Duyne
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - George C Schatz
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Kathrin Breuker
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Innsbruck , A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Philip D Compton
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Neil L Kelleher
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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25
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Buchanan LE, McAnally MO, Gruenke NL, Schatz GC, Van Duyne RP. Studying Stimulated Raman Activity in Surface-Enhanced Femtosecond Stimulated Raman Spectroscopy by Varying the Excitation Wavelength. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:3328-3333. [PMID: 28679047 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b01342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We present the first multiwavelength surface-enhanced femtosecond stimulated Raman spectroscopy (SE-FSRS) study, as well as the first observation of anti-Stokes vibrational features in SE-FSRS spectra. We compare stimulated Raman loss (SRL) and stimulated Raman gain (SRG) signals at three pump wavelengths chosen to sample different portions of nanoparticle aggregate localized surface plasmon resonances. The SE-FSRS signals exhibit similar signal magnitudes in the SRL or SRG regions of the spectra regardless of Raman pump or probe wavelength. The spectral lineshapes, however, differ dramatically with excitation wavelengths. The observed trends in spectral line shape show a strong dependence on the relative position of the excitation fields with respect to the plasmon resonance but do not match predictions from any existing SE-FSRS theory. These results suggest the need for further theoretical efforts with complementary experimental studies of individual aggregates to remove the effects of inherent ensemble averaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E Buchanan
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michael O McAnally
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Natalie L Gruenke
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - George C Schatz
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Richard P Van Duyne
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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26
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McAnally MO, Phelan BT, Young RM, Wasielewski MR, Schatz GC, Van Duyne RP. Quantitative Determination of the Differential Raman Scattering Cross Sections of Glucose by Femtosecond Stimulated Raman Scattering. Anal Chem 2017; 89:6931-6935. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b01335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael O. McAnally
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research
Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Brian T. Phelan
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research
Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Ryan M. Young
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research
Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research
Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - George C. Schatz
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research
Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Richard P. Van Duyne
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research
Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
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27
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McAnally MO, McMahon JM, Van Duyne RP, Schatz GC. Coupled wave equations theory of surface-enhanced femtosecond stimulated Raman scattering. J Chem Phys 2017; 145:094106. [PMID: 27608988 DOI: 10.1063/1.4961749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a coupled wave semiclassical theory to describe plasmonic enhancement effects in surface-enhanced femtosecond stimulated Raman scattering (SE-FSRS). A key result is that the plasmon enhanced fields which drive the vibrational equation of motion for each normal mode results in dispersive lineshapes in the SE-FSRS spectrum. This result, which reproduces experimental lineshapes, demonstrates that plasmon-enhanced stimulated Raman methods provide unique sensitivity to a plasmonic response. Our derived SE-FSRS theory shows a plasmonic enhancement of |gpu|(2)ImχR(ω)gst (2)/ImχR(ω), where |gpu|(2) is the absolute square of the plasmonic enhancement from the Raman pump, χR(ω) is the Raman susceptibility, and gst is the plasmonic enhancement of the Stokes field in SE-FSRS. We conclude with a discussion on potential future experimental and theoretical directions for the field of plasmonically enhanced coherent Raman scattering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael O McAnally
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Jeffrey M McMahon
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-2814 USA
| | - Richard P Van Duyne
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - George C Schatz
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
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28
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Hackler RA, McAnally MO, Schatz GC, Stair PC, Van Duyne RP. Identification of Dimeric Methylalumina Surface Species during Atomic Layer Deposition Using Operando Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:2456-2463. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b12709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A. Hackler
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Center for Catalysis and Surface Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michael O. McAnally
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Center for Catalysis and Surface Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - George C. Schatz
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Center for Catalysis and Surface Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Peter C. Stair
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Center for Catalysis and Surface Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Richard P. Van Duyne
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Center for Catalysis and Surface Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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29
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Goubert
- Chemistry Department, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Richard P Van Duyne
- Chemistry Department, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
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30
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Zaleski S, Clark KA, Smith MM, Eilert JY, Doty M, Van Duyne RP. Identification and Quantification of Intravenous Therapy Drugs Using Normal Raman Spectroscopy and Electrochemical Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy. Anal Chem 2017; 89:2497-2504. [PMID: 28192951 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Errors in intravenous (IV) drug therapies can cause human harm and even death. There are limited label-free methods that can sensitively monitor the identity and quantity of the drug being administered. Normal Raman spectroscopy (NRS) provides a modestly sensitive, label-free, and completely noninvasive means of IV drug sensing. In the case that the analyte cannot be detected within its clinical range with Raman, a label-free surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) approach can be implemented to detect the analyte of interest. In this work, we demonstrate two individual cases where we use NRS and electrochemical SERS (EC-SERS) to detect IV therapy analytes within their clinically relevant ranges. We implement NRS to detect gentamicin, a commonly IV-administered antibiotic and EC-SERS to detect dobutamine, a drug commonly administered after heart surgery. In particular, dobutamine detection with EC-SERS was found to have a limit of detection 4 orders of magnitude below its clinical range, highlighting the excellent sensitivity of SERS. We also demonstrate the use of hand-held Raman instrumentation for NRS and EC-SERS, showing that Raman is a highly sensitive technique that is readily applicable in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Zaleski
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Kathleen A Clark
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Madison M Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Jan Y Eilert
- Baxter Healthcare Corporation , 25212 W. Illinois Rt. 120, Round Lake, Illinois 60073, United States
| | - Mark Doty
- Baxter Healthcare Corporation , 25212 W. Illinois Rt. 120, Round Lake, Illinois 60073, United States
| | - Richard P Van Duyne
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,Program in Applied Physics, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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31
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Mattei M, Kang G, Goubert G, Chulhai DV, Schatz GC, Jensen L, Van Duyne RP. Tip-Enhanced Raman Voltammetry: Coverage Dependence and Quantitative Modeling. Nano Lett 2017; 17:590-596. [PMID: 27936805 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b04868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical atomic force microscopy tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (EC-AFM-TERS) was employed for the first time to observe nanoscale spatial variations in the formal potential, E0', of a surface-bound redox couple. TERS cyclic voltammograms (TERS CVs) of single Nile Blue (NB) molecules were acquired at different locations spaced 5-10 nm apart on an indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode. Analysis of TERS CVs at different coverages was used to verify the observation of single-molecule electrochemistry. The resulting TERS CVs were fit to the Laviron model for surface-bound electroactive species to quantitatively extract the formal potential E0' at each spatial location. Histograms of single-molecule E0' at each coverage indicate that the electrochemical behavior of the cationic oxidized species is less sensitive to local environment than the neutral reduced species. This information is not accessible using purely electrochemical methods or ensemble spectroelectrochemical measurements. We anticipate that quantitative modeling and measurement of site-specific electrochemistry with EC-AFM-TERS will have a profound impact on our understanding of the role of nanoscale electrode heterogeneity in applications such as electrocatalysis, biological electron transfer, and energy production and storage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dhabih V Chulhai
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | | | - Lasse Jensen
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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32
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Cardinal MF, Vander Ende E, Hackler RA, McAnally MO, Stair PC, Schatz GC, Van Duyne RP. Expanding applications of SERS through versatile nanomaterials engineering. Chem Soc Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00207f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Nanomaterials engineering and synthetic chemistry continues to expand the range of applications for surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Peter C. Stair
- Department of Chemistry
- Northwestern University
- Evanston
- USA
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33
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Pozzi EA, Goubert G, Chiang N, Jiang N, Chapman CT, McAnally MO, Henry AI, Seideman T, Schatz GC, Hersam MC, Duyne RPV. Ultrahigh-Vacuum Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy. Chem Rev 2016; 117:4961-4982. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nan Jiang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
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34
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Sharma B, Cardinal MF, Ross MB, Zrimsek AB, Bykov SV, Punihaole D, Asher SA, Schatz GC, Van Duyne RP. Aluminum Film-Over-Nanosphere Substrates for Deep-UV Surface-Enhanced Resonance Raman Spectroscopy. Nano Lett 2016; 16:7968-7973. [PMID: 27960451 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b04296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
We report here the first fabrication of aluminum film-over nanosphere (AlFON) substrates for UV surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering (UVSERRS) at the deepest UV wavelength used to date (λex = 229 nm). We characterize the AlFONs fabricated with two different support microsphere sizes using localized surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy, electron microscopy, SERRS of adenine, tris(bipyridine)ruthenium(II), and trans-1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)-ethylene, SERS of 6-mercapto-1-hexanol (as a nonresonant molecule), and dielectric function analysis. We find that AlFONs fabricated with the 210 nm microspheres generate an enhancement factor of approximately 104-5, which combined with resonance enhancement of the adsorbates provides enhancement factors greater than 106. These experimental results are supported by theoretical analysis of the dielectric function. Hence our results demonstrate the advantages of using AlFON substrates for deep UVSERRS enhancement and contribute to broadening the SERS application range with tunable and affordable substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavya Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee , 1420 Circle Drive, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - M Fernanda Cardinal
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michael B Ross
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Alyssa B Zrimsek
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Sergei V Bykov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh , 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - David Punihaole
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh , 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Sanford A Asher
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh , 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - George C Schatz
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Richard P Van Duyne
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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35
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Chiang N, Chen X, Goubert G, Chulhai DV, Chen X, Pozzi EA, Jiang N, Hersam MC, Seideman T, Jensen L, Van Duyne RP. Conformational Contrast of Surface-Mediated Molecular Switches Yields Ångstrom-Scale Spatial Resolution in Ultrahigh Vacuum Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy. Nano Lett 2016; 16:7774-7778. [PMID: 27797525 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b03958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) combines the ability of scanning probe microscopy (SPM) to resolve atomic-scale surface features with the single-molecule chemical sensitivity of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Here, we report additional insights into the nature of the conformational dynamics of a free-base porphyrin at room temperature adsorbed on a metal surface. We have interrogated the conformational switch between two metastable surface-mediated isomers of meso-tetrakis(3,5-ditertiarybutylphenyl)-porphyrin (H2TBPP) on a Cu(111) surface. At room temperature, the barrier between the porphyrin ring buckled up/down conformations of the H2TBPP-Cu(111) system is easily overcome, and a 2.6 Å lateral resolution by simultaneous TERS and STM analysis is achieved under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions. This work demonstrates the first UHV-TERS on Cu(111) and shows TERS can unambiguously distinguish the conformational differences between neighboring molecules with Ångstrom-scale spatial resolution, thereby establishing it as a leading method for the study of metal-adsorbate interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xing Chen
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | | | - Dhabih V Chulhai
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | | | | | - Nan Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | | | | | - Lasse Jensen
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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36
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Zrimsek AB, Chiang N, Mattei M, Zaleski S, McAnally MO, Chapman CT, Henry AI, Schatz GC, Van Duyne RP. Single-Molecule Chemistry with Surface- and Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy. Chem Rev 2016; 117:7583-7613. [PMID: 28610424 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 334] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Single-molecule (SM) surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) have emerged as analytical techniques for characterizing molecular systems in nanoscale environments. SERS and TERS use plasmonically enhanced Raman scattering to characterize the chemical information on single molecules. Additionally, TERS can image single molecules with subnanometer spatial resolution. In this review, we cover the development and history of SERS and TERS, including the concept of SERS hot spots and the plasmonic nanostructures necessary for SM detection, the past and current methodologies for verifying SMSERS, and investigations into understanding the signal heterogeneities observed with SMSERS. Moving on to TERS, we cover tip fabrication and the physical origins of the subnanometer spatial resolution. Then, we highlight recent advances of SMSERS and TERS in fields such as electrochemistry, catalysis, and SM electronics, which all benefit from the vibrational characterization of single molecules. SMSERS and TERS provide new insights on molecular behavior that would otherwise be obscured in an ensemble-averaged measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa B Zrimsek
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Applied Physics Program, and §Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Naihao Chiang
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Applied Physics Program, and §Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michael Mattei
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Applied Physics Program, and §Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Stephanie Zaleski
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Applied Physics Program, and §Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michael O McAnally
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Applied Physics Program, and §Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Craig T Chapman
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Applied Physics Program, and §Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Anne-Isabelle Henry
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Applied Physics Program, and §Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - George C Schatz
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Applied Physics Program, and §Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Richard P Van Duyne
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Applied Physics Program, and §Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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37
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Buchanan LE, Gruenke NL, McAnally MO, Negru B, Mayhew HE, Apkarian VA, Schatz GC, Van Duyne RP. Surface-Enhanced Femtosecond Stimulated Raman Spectroscopy at 1 MHz Repetition Rates. J Phys Chem Lett 2016; 7:4629-4634. [PMID: 27802054 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b02175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced femtosecond stimulated Raman spectroscopy (SE-FSRS) is an ultrafast Raman technique that combines the sensitivity of surface-enhanced Raman scattering with the temporal resolution of femtosecond stimulated Raman spectroscopy (FSRS). Here, we present the first successful implementation of SE-FSRS using a 1 MHz amplified femtosecond laser system. We compare SE-FSRS and FSRS spectra measured at 1 MHz and 100 kHz using both equal pump average powers and equal pump energies to demonstrate that higher repetition rates allow spectra with higher signal-to-noise ratios to be obtained at lower pulse energies, a significant advance in the implementation of SE-FSRS. The ability to use lower pulse energies significantly mitigates sample damage that results from plasmonic enhancement of high-energy ultrafast pulses. As a result of the improvements to SE-FSRS developed in this Letter, we believe that SE-FSRS is now poised to become a powerful tool for studying the dynamics of plasmonic materials and adsorbates thereon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E Buchanan
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Natalie L Gruenke
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michael O McAnally
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Bogdan Negru
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Hannah E Mayhew
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Vartkess A Apkarian
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Irvine , Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - George C Schatz
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Richard P Van Duyne
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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38
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McAnally MO, Guo Y, Balakrishnan G, Schatz GC, Van Duyne RP. Understanding the vibrational mode-specific polarization effects in femtosecond Raman-induced Kerr-effect spectroscopy. Opt Lett 2016; 41:5357-5360. [PMID: 27842131 DOI: 10.1364/ol.41.005357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Optically heterodyne-detected femtosecond Raman-induced Kerr-effect spectroscopy (OHD-FRIKES) was observed in neat cyclohexane. In this Letter, an examination of the effect of the Raman pump ellipticity on the multiplex OHD-FRIKES spectra is discussed. The Raman pump ellipticity scanned OHD-FRIKES results reproduce anomalous observables from previous OHD-FRIKES experiments and suggest new methods of tracking transient vibrational mode polarization in complex systems.
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39
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Sharma B, Bugga P, Madison LR, Henry AI, Blaber MG, Greeneltch NG, Chiang N, Mrksich M, Schatz GC, Van Duyne RP. Bisboronic Acids for Selective, Physiologically Relevant Direct Glucose Sensing with Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:13952-13959. [PMID: 27668444 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b07331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
This paper demonstrates the direct sensing of glucose at physiologically relevant concentrations with surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) on gold film-over-nanosphere (AuFON) substrates functionalized with bisboronic acid receptors. The combination of selectivity in the bisboronic acid receptor and spectral resolution in the SERS data allow the sensors to resolve glucose in high backgrounds of fructose and, in combination with multivariate statistical analysis, detect glucose accurately in the 1-10 mM range. Computational modeling supports assignments of the normal modes and vibrational frequencies for the monoboronic acid base of our bisboronic acids, glucose and fructose. These results are promising for the use of bisboronic acids as receptors in SERS-based in vivo glucose monitoring sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavya Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Rd., Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee , 1420 Circle Dr., Knoxville, Tennessee 37931, United States
| | - Pradeep Bugga
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Rd., Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Lindsey R Madison
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Rd., Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Anne-Isabelle Henry
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Rd., Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Martin G Blaber
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Rd., Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Nathan G Greeneltch
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Rd., Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Naihao Chiang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Rd., Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Milan Mrksich
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Rd., Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - George C Schatz
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Rd., Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Richard P Van Duyne
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Rd., Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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40
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Zaleski S, Wilson AJ, Mattei M, Chen X, Goubert G, Cardinal MF, Willets KA, Van Duyne RP. Investigating Nanoscale Electrochemistry with Surface- and Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy. Acc Chem Res 2016; 49:2023-30. [PMID: 27602428 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.6b00327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The chemical sensitivity of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) methodologies allows for the investigation of heterogeneous chemical reactions with high sensitivity. Specifically, SERS methodologies are well-suited to study electron transfer (ET) reactions, which lie at the heart of numerous fundamental processes: electrocatalysis, solar energy conversion, energy storage in batteries, and biological events such as photosynthesis. Heterogeneous ET reactions are commonly monitored by electrochemical methods such as cyclic voltammetry, observing billions of electrochemical events per second. Since the first proof of detecting single molecules by redox cycling, there has been growing interest in examining electrochemistry at the nanoscale and single-molecule levels. Doing so unravels details that would otherwise be obscured by an ensemble experiment. The use of optical spectroscopies, such as SERS, to elucidate nanoscale electrochemical behavior is an attractive alternative to traditional approaches such as scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM). While techniques such as single-molecule fluorescence or electrogenerated chemiluminescence have been used to optically monitor electrochemical events, SERS methodologies, in particular, have shown great promise for exploring electrochemistry at the nanoscale. SERS is ideally suited to study nanoscale electrochemistry because the Raman-enhancing metallic, nanoscale substrate duly serves as the working electrode material. Moreover, SERS has the ability to directly probe single molecules without redox cycling and can achieve nanoscale spatial resolution in combination with super-resolution or scanning probe microscopies. This Account summarizes the latest progress from the Van Duyne and Willets groups toward understanding nanoelectrochemistry using Raman spectroscopic methodologies. The first half of this Account highlights three techniques that have been recently used to probe few- or single-molecule electrochemical events: single-molecule SERS (SMSERS), superlocalization SERS imaging, and tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS). While all of the studies we discuss probe model redox dye systems, the experiments described herein push the study of nanoscale electrochemistry toward the fundamental limit, in terms of both chemical sensitivity and spatial resolution. The second half of this Account discusses current experimental strategies for studying nanoelectrochemistry with SERS techniques, which includes relevant electrochemically and optically active molecules, substrates, and substrate functionalization methods. In particular, we highlight the wide variety of SERS-active substrates and optically active molecules that can be implemented for EC-SERS, as well as the need to carefully characterize both the electrochemistry and resultant EC-SERS response of each new redox-active molecule studied. Finally, we conclude this Account with our perspective on the future directions of studying nanoscale electrochemistry with SERS/TERS, which includes the integration of SECM with TERS and the use of theoretical methods to further describe the fundamental intricacies of single-molecule, single-site electrochemistry at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Zaleski
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Andrew J. Wilson
- Department
of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Michael Mattei
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Xu Chen
- Program
in Applied Physics, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Guillaume Goubert
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - M. Fernanda Cardinal
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Katherine A. Willets
- Department
of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Richard P. Van Duyne
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Program
in Applied Physics, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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41
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Pozzi EA, Gruenke NL, Chiang N, Zhdanov DV, Jiang N, Seideman T, Schatz GC, Hersam MC, Van Duyne RP. Operational Regimes in Picosecond and Femtosecond Pulse-Excited Ultrahigh Vacuum SERS. J Phys Chem Lett 2016; 7:2971-2976. [PMID: 27428724 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b01151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report a systematic study performed in ultrahigh vacuum designed to identify the laser excitation regimes in which plasmonically enhanced ultrashort pulses may be used to nondestructively probe surface-bound molecules. A nondestructive, continuous-wave spectroscopic probe is used to monitor the effects of four different femtosecond- and picosecond-pulsed beams on the SER signals emanating from molecular analytes residing within plasmonically enhanced fields. We identify the roles of plasmonic amplification and alignment with a molecular electronic transition on the observed changes in the SER signals. Our results indicate that overlap of the laser wavelength with the plasmon resonance is the dominant contributor to signal degradation. In addition, signal loss for a given irradiation condition is observed only for molecules residing in hot spots above a threshold enhancement. Identification of suitable laser energy density ranges demonstrates the importance of considering these parameters when implementing SERS in the presence of pulsed irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric A Pozzi
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and §Applied Physics Program, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Natalie L Gruenke
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and §Applied Physics Program, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Naihao Chiang
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and §Applied Physics Program, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Dmitry V Zhdanov
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and §Applied Physics Program, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Nan Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and §Applied Physics Program, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Tamar Seideman
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and §Applied Physics Program, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - George C Schatz
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and §Applied Physics Program, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Mark C Hersam
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and §Applied Physics Program, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Richard P Van Duyne
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and §Applied Physics Program, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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42
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Masango SS, Hackler RA, Large N, Henry AI, McAnally MO, Schatz GC, Stair PC, Van Duyne RP. High-Resolution Distance Dependence Study of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Enabled by Atomic Layer Deposition. Nano Lett 2016; 16:4251-9. [PMID: 27243108 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b01276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We present a high-resolution distance dependence study of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) enabled by atomic layer deposition (ALD) at 55 and 100 °C. ALD is used to deposit monolayers of Al2O3 on bare silver film over nanospheres (AgFONs) and AgFONs functionalized with self-assembled monolayers. Operando SERS is used to measure the intensities of the Al-CH3 and C-H stretches from trimethylaluminum (TMA) as a function of distance from the AgFON surface. This study clearly demonstrates that SERS on AgFON substrates displays both a short- and long-range nanometer scale distance dependence. Excellent agreement is obtained between these experiments and theory that incorporates both short-range and long-range terms. This is a high-resolution operando SERS distance dependence study performed in one integrated experiment using ALD Al2O3 as the spacer layer and Raman label simultaneously. The long-range SERS distance dependence should make it possible to detect chemisorbed surface species located as far as ∼3 nm from the AgFON substrate and will provide new insight into the surface chemistry of ALD and catalytic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicelo S Masango
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Center for Catalysis and Surface Science, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Ryan A Hackler
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Center for Catalysis and Surface Science, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Nicolas Large
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Center for Catalysis and Surface Science, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Anne-Isabelle Henry
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Center for Catalysis and Surface Science, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michael O McAnally
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Center for Catalysis and Surface Science, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - George C Schatz
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Center for Catalysis and Surface Science, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Peter C Stair
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Center for Catalysis and Surface Science, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Richard P Van Duyne
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Center for Catalysis and Surface Science, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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43
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Henry AI, Sharma B, Cardinal MF, Kurouski D, Van Duyne RP. Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Biosensing: In Vivo Diagnostics and Multimodal Imaging. Anal Chem 2016; 88:6638-47. [PMID: 27268724 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b01597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This perspective presents recent developments in the application of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) to biosensing, with a focus on in vivo diagnostics. We describe the concepts and methodologies developed to date and the target analytes that can be detected. We also discuss how SERS has evolved from a "point-and-shoot" stand-alone technique in an analytical chemistry laboratory to an integrated quantitative analytical tool for multimodal imaging diagnostics. Finally, we offer a guide to the future of SERS in the context of clinical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Isabelle Henry
- Northwestern University , Department of Chemistry, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Bhavya Sharma
- Northwestern University , Department of Chemistry, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - M Fernanda Cardinal
- Northwestern University , Department of Chemistry, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Dmitry Kurouski
- Northwestern University , Department of Chemistry, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Richard P Van Duyne
- Northwestern University , Department of Chemistry, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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44
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Jiang N, Chiang N, Madison LR, Pozzi EA, Wasielewski MR, Seideman T, Ratner MA, Hersam MC, Schatz GC, Van Duyne RP. Nanoscale Chemical Imaging of a Dynamic Molecular Phase Boundary with Ultrahigh Vacuum Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy. Nano Lett 2016; 16:3898-904. [PMID: 27183322 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b01405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale chemical imaging of a dynamic molecular phase boundary has broad implications for a range of problems in catalysis, surface science, and molecular electronics. While scanning probe microscopy (SPM) is commonly used to study molecular phase boundaries, its information content can be severely compromised by surface diffusion, irregular packing, or three-dimensional adsorbate geometry. Here, we demonstrate the simultaneous chemical and structural analysis of N-N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-1,7-(4'-t-butylphenoxy)perylene-3,4:9,10-bis(dicarboximide) (PPDI) molecules by UHV tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Both condensed and diffusing domains of PPDI coexist on Ag(100) at room temperature. Through comparison with time-dependent density functional theory simulations, we unravel the orientation of PPDI molecules at the dynamic molecular domain boundary with unprecedented ∼4 nm spatial resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
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45
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Gautier
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel, IMN, 2 rue de la Houssinière, Nantes 44300, France
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA
| | - Jordan M Klingsporn
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA
| | - Richard P Van Duyne
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA
| | - Kenneth R Poeppelmeier
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA
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46
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Jeon IR, Sun L, Negru B, Van Duyne RP, Dincă M, Harris TD. Solid-State Redox Switching of Magnetic Exchange and Electronic Conductivity in a Benzoquinoid-Bridged MnII Chain Compound. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:6583-90. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b02485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ie-Rang Jeon
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Lei Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, United States
| | - Bogdan Negru
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Richard P. Van Duyne
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Mircea Dincă
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, United States
| | - T. David Harris
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
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47
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Gruenke NL, Cardinal MF, McAnally MO, Frontiera RR, Schatz GC, Van Duyne RP. Ultrafast and nonlinear surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:2263-90. [PMID: 26848784 DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00763a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Ultrafast surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has the potential to study molecular dynamics near plasmonic surfaces to better understand plasmon-mediated chemical reactions such as plasmonically-enhanced photocatalytic or photovoltaic processes. This review discusses the combination of ultrafast Raman spectroscopic techniques with plasmonic substrates for high temporal resolution, high sensitivity, and high spatial resolution vibrational spectroscopy. First, we introduce background information relevant to ultrafast SERS: the mechanisms of surface enhancement in Raman scattering, the characterization of plasmonic materials with ultrafast techniques, and early complementary techniques to study molecule-plasmon interactions. We then discuss recent advances in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopies with ultrafast pulses with a focus on the study of molecule-plasmon coupling and molecular dynamics with high sensitivity. We also highlight the challenges faced by this field by the potential damage caused by concentrated, highly energetic pulsed fields in plasmonic hotspots, and finally the potential for future ultrafast SERS studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie L Gruenke
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA.
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48
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Abstract
Amyloid fibrils are β-sheet rich protein aggregates that are strongly associated with various neurodegenerative diseases. Raman spectroscopy has been broadly utilized to investigate protein aggregation and amyloid fibril formation and has been shown to be capable of revealing changes in secondary and tertiary structures at all stages of fibrillation. When coupled with atomic force (AFM) and scanning electron (SEM) microscopies, Raman spectroscopy becomes a powerful spectroscopic approach that can investigate the structural organization of amyloid fibril polymorphs. In this review, we discuss the applications of Raman spectroscopy, a unique, label-free and non-destructive technique for the structural characterization of amyloidogenic proteins, prefibrilar oligomers, and mature fibrils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Kurouski
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois, USA.
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Kurouski D, Large N, Chiang N, Greeneltch N, Carron KT, Seideman T, Schatz GC, Van Duyne RP. Unraveling near-field and far-field relationships for 3D SERS substrates – a combined experimental and theoretical analysis. Analyst 2016; 141:1779-88. [DOI: 10.1039/c5an01921d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Simplicity and low cost has positioned inkjet 3D substrates as the most commonly used SERS platforms for the detection and the identification of analytes down to the nanogram and femtogram levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicolas Large
- Department of Chemistry
- Northwestern University
- Evanston
- USA
| | - Naihao Chiang
- Department of Chemistry
- Northwestern University
- Evanston
- USA
- Applied Physics Program
| | | | - Keith T. Carron
- Chemistry Department
- University of Wyoming
- Laramie
- USA
- Snowy Range Instruments
| | - Tamar Seideman
- Department of Chemistry
- Northwestern University
- Evanston
- USA
- Applied Physics Program
| | - George C. Schatz
- Department of Chemistry
- Northwestern University
- Evanston
- USA
- Applied Physics Program
| | - Richard P. Van Duyne
- Department of Chemistry
- Northwestern University
- Evanston
- USA
- Applied Physics Program
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Abstract
A fundamental understanding of electrochemical processes at the nanoscale is crucial to solving problems in research areas as diverse as electrocatalysis, energy storage, biological electron transfer, and plasmon-driven chemistry. However, there is currently no technique capable of directly providing chemical information about molecules undergoing heterogeneous charge transfer at the nanoscale. Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) uniquely offers subnanometer spatial resolution and single-molecule sensitivity, making it the ideal tool for studying nanoscale electrochemical processes with high chemical specificity. In this work, we demonstrate the first electrochemical TERS (EC-TERS) study of the nanoscale redox behavior of Nile Blue (NB), and compare these results with conventional cyclic voltammetry (CV). We successfully monitor the disappearance of the 591 cm(-1) band of NB upon reduction and its reversible reappearance upon oxidation during the CV. Interestingly, we observe a negative shift of more than 100 mV in the onset of the potential response of the TERS intensity of the 591 cm(-1) band, compared to the onset of faradaic current in the CV. We hypothesize that perturbation of the electrical double-layer by the TERS tip locally alters the effective potential experienced by NB molecules in the tip-sample junction. However, we demonstrate that the tip has no effect on the local charge transfer kinetics. Additionally, we observe step-like behavior in some TERS voltammograms corresponding to reduction and oxidation of single or few NB molecules. We also show that the coverage of NB is nonuniform across the ITO surface. We conclude with a discussion of methods to overcome the perturbation of the double-layer and general considerations for using TERS to study nanoscale electrochemical processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Kurouski
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Applied Physics Program, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michael Mattei
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Applied Physics Program, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Richard P Van Duyne
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Applied Physics Program, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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