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Deschamps C, Humbert D, Chalancon S, Achard C, Apper E, Denis S, Blanquet-Diot S. Large intestinal nutritional and physicochemical parameters from different dog sizes reshape canine microbiota structure and functions in vitro. Bioengineered 2024; 15:2325713. [PMID: 38471972 PMCID: PMC10936688 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2024.2325713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Different dog sizes are associated with variations in large intestinal physiology including gut microbiota, which plays a key role in animal health. This study aims to evaluate, using the CANIM-ARCOL (Canine Mucosal Artificial Colon), the relative importance of gut microbes versus physicochemical and nutritional parameters of the canine colonic environment in shaping microbiota structure and functions. CANIM-ARCOL was set up to reproduce nutrient availability, bile acid profiles, colonic pH, and transit time from small, medium, or large dogs according to in vivo data, while bioreactors were all inoculated with a fecal sample collected from medium size dogs (n = 2). Applying different dog size parameters resulted in a positive association between size and gas or SCFA production, as well as distinct microbiota profiles as revealed by 16S Metabarcoding. Comparisons with in vivo data from canine stools and previous in vitro results obtained when CANIM-ARCOL was inoculated with fecal samples from three dog sizes revealed that environmental colonic parameters were sufficient to drive microbiota functions. However, size-related fecal microbes were necessary to accurately reproduce in vitro the colonic ecosystem of small, medium, and large dogs. For the first time, this study provides mechanistic insights on which parameters from colonic ecosystem mainly drive canine microbiota in relation to dog size. The CANIM-ARCOL can be used as a relevant in vitro platform to unravel interactions between food or pharma compounds and canine colonic microbiota, under different dog size conditions. The potential of the model will be extended soon to diseased situations (e.g. chronic enteropathies or obesity).
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Deschamps
- Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 454 MEDIS UCA-INRAE, Clermont-Ferrand, Puy-de-Dôme, France
- Lallemand Animal Nutrition, Blagnac Cedex, Haute-Garonne, France
| | | | - Sandrine Chalancon
- Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 454 MEDIS UCA-INRAE, Clermont-Ferrand, Puy-de-Dôme, France
| | - Caroline Achard
- Lallemand Animal Nutrition, Blagnac Cedex, Haute-Garonne, France
| | - Emmanuelle Apper
- Lallemand Animal Nutrition, Blagnac Cedex, Haute-Garonne, France
| | - Sylvain Denis
- Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 454 MEDIS UCA-INRAE, Clermont-Ferrand, Puy-de-Dôme, France
| | - Stéphanie Blanquet-Diot
- Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 454 MEDIS UCA-INRAE, Clermont-Ferrand, Puy-de-Dôme, France
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Deschamps C, Apper E, Brun M, Durif C, Denis S, Humbert D, Blanquet-Diot S. Development of a new antibiotic-induced dysbiosis model of the canine colonic microbiota. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2024; 63:107102. [PMID: 38325721 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2024.107102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
As in humans, antibiotics are widely used in dogs to treat gastrointestinal infections, contributing to the global burden of antimicrobial resistance on both human and animal health. Close contact between pets and their owners can lead to horizontal transfer of gut microbes, including transmission of antibiotic resistance. Nevertheless, until now, the impact of antibiotics on the canine gut microbiota has been poorly described. The aim of this study was to adapt the canine mucosal artificial colon (CANIM-ARCOL) model, reproducing the main nutritional, physicochemical and microbial parameters found in the large intestine of the dog to simulate an antibiotic-induced perturbation. Following initial investigation of five antibiotic cocktails at in-field doses, a 5-day regimen of metronidazole/enrofloxacin (ME) was selected for further model development. Two CANIM-ARCOL bioreactors were inoculated with a faecal sample (n=2 donors) and run in parallel for 26 days under control or antibiotic conditions. ME reduced microbial diversity and induced major shifts in bacterial populations, leading to a state of dysbiosis characterized by an increase in the relative abundance of Streptococcaceae, Lactobacillaceae and Enterobacteriaceae, and a decrease in the relative abundance of Bacteroidaceae, Fusobacteriota and Clostridiaceae. Overall, mucus-associated microbiota were less impacted by antibiotics than luminal microbes. Microbial alterations were associated with drastic decreases in gas production and short-chain fatty acid concentrations. Finally, the model was well validated through in-vitro-in-vivo comparisons in a study in dogs. The CANIM-ARCOL model provides a relevant platform as an alternative to in-vivo assays for an in-depth understanding of antibiotic-microbiota interactions and further testing of restoration strategies at individual level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Deschamps
- Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 454 MEDIS UCA-INRAE, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Lallemand Animal Nutrition, Blagnac Cedex, France
| | | | - Morgane Brun
- Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 454 MEDIS UCA-INRAE, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Claude Durif
- Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 454 MEDIS UCA-INRAE, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Sylvain Denis
- Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 454 MEDIS UCA-INRAE, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Jimonet P, Druart C, Blanquet-Diot S, Boucinha L, Kourula S, Le Vacon F, Maubant S, Rabot S, Van de Wiele T, Schuren F, Thomas V, Walther B, Zimmermann M. Gut Microbiome Integration in Drug Discovery and Development of Small Molecules. Drug Metab Dispos 2024; 52:274-287. [PMID: 38307852 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.123.001605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Human microbiomes, particularly in the gut, could have a major impact on the efficacy and toxicity of drugs. However, gut microbial metabolism is often neglected in the drug discovery and development process. Medicen, a Paris-based human health innovation cluster, has gathered more than 30 international leading experts from pharma, academia, biotech, clinical research organizations, and regulatory science to develop proposals to facilitate the integration of microbiome science into drug discovery and development. Seven subteams were formed to cover the complementary expertise areas of 1) pharma experience and case studies, 2) in silico microbiome-drug interaction, 3) in vitro microbial stability screening, 4) gut fermentation models, 5) animal models, 6) microbiome integration in clinical and regulatory aspects, and 7) microbiome ecosystems and models. Each expert team produced a state-of-the-art report of their respective field highlighting existing microbiome-related tools at every stage of drug discovery and development. The most critical limitations are the growing, but still limited, drug-microbiome interaction data to produce predictive models and the lack of agreed-upon standards despite recent progress. In this paper we will report on and share proposals covering 1) how microbiome tools can support moving a compound from drug discovery to clinical proof-of-concept studies and alert early on potential undesired properties stemming from microbiome-induced drug metabolism and 2) how microbiome data can be generated and integrated in pharmacokinetic models that are predictive of the human situation. Examples of drugs metabolized by the microbiome will be discussed in detail to support recommendations from the working group. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Gut microbial metabolism is often neglected in the drug discovery and development process despite growing evidence of drugs' efficacy and safety impacted by their interaction with the microbiome. This paper will detail existing microbiome-related tools covering every stage of drug discovery and development, current progress, and limitations, as well as recommendations to integrate them into the drug discovery and development process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Jimonet
- Medicen Paris Région, Paris, France (P.J.); Pharmabiotic Research Institute, Narbonne, France (C.D.); UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France (S.B.D.); Global Bioinformatics, Evotec ID, Lyon, France (L.B.); Preclinical Sciences & Translational Safety, JNJ Innovative Medicine, Beerse, Belgium (S.K.); Biofortis, Saint-Herblain, France (F.L.V.); Translational Pharmacology Department, Oncodesign Services, Dijon, France (S.M.); Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France (S.R.); Center of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (T.V.W.); TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands (F.S.); Lallemand Health Solutions, Blagnac, France (V.T.); Servier, Saclay, France (B.W.); and Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany (M.Z.)
| | - Céline Druart
- Medicen Paris Région, Paris, France (P.J.); Pharmabiotic Research Institute, Narbonne, France (C.D.); UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France (S.B.D.); Global Bioinformatics, Evotec ID, Lyon, France (L.B.); Preclinical Sciences & Translational Safety, JNJ Innovative Medicine, Beerse, Belgium (S.K.); Biofortis, Saint-Herblain, France (F.L.V.); Translational Pharmacology Department, Oncodesign Services, Dijon, France (S.M.); Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France (S.R.); Center of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (T.V.W.); TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands (F.S.); Lallemand Health Solutions, Blagnac, France (V.T.); Servier, Saclay, France (B.W.); and Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany (M.Z.)
| | - Stéphanie Blanquet-Diot
- Medicen Paris Région, Paris, France (P.J.); Pharmabiotic Research Institute, Narbonne, France (C.D.); UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France (S.B.D.); Global Bioinformatics, Evotec ID, Lyon, France (L.B.); Preclinical Sciences & Translational Safety, JNJ Innovative Medicine, Beerse, Belgium (S.K.); Biofortis, Saint-Herblain, France (F.L.V.); Translational Pharmacology Department, Oncodesign Services, Dijon, France (S.M.); Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France (S.R.); Center of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (T.V.W.); TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands (F.S.); Lallemand Health Solutions, Blagnac, France (V.T.); Servier, Saclay, France (B.W.); and Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany (M.Z.)
| | - Lilia Boucinha
- Medicen Paris Région, Paris, France (P.J.); Pharmabiotic Research Institute, Narbonne, France (C.D.); UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France (S.B.D.); Global Bioinformatics, Evotec ID, Lyon, France (L.B.); Preclinical Sciences & Translational Safety, JNJ Innovative Medicine, Beerse, Belgium (S.K.); Biofortis, Saint-Herblain, France (F.L.V.); Translational Pharmacology Department, Oncodesign Services, Dijon, France (S.M.); Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France (S.R.); Center of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (T.V.W.); TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands (F.S.); Lallemand Health Solutions, Blagnac, France (V.T.); Servier, Saclay, France (B.W.); and Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany (M.Z.)
| | - Stephanie Kourula
- Medicen Paris Région, Paris, France (P.J.); Pharmabiotic Research Institute, Narbonne, France (C.D.); UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France (S.B.D.); Global Bioinformatics, Evotec ID, Lyon, France (L.B.); Preclinical Sciences & Translational Safety, JNJ Innovative Medicine, Beerse, Belgium (S.K.); Biofortis, Saint-Herblain, France (F.L.V.); Translational Pharmacology Department, Oncodesign Services, Dijon, France (S.M.); Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France (S.R.); Center of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (T.V.W.); TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands (F.S.); Lallemand Health Solutions, Blagnac, France (V.T.); Servier, Saclay, France (B.W.); and Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany (M.Z.)
| | - Françoise Le Vacon
- Medicen Paris Région, Paris, France (P.J.); Pharmabiotic Research Institute, Narbonne, France (C.D.); UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France (S.B.D.); Global Bioinformatics, Evotec ID, Lyon, France (L.B.); Preclinical Sciences & Translational Safety, JNJ Innovative Medicine, Beerse, Belgium (S.K.); Biofortis, Saint-Herblain, France (F.L.V.); Translational Pharmacology Department, Oncodesign Services, Dijon, France (S.M.); Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France (S.R.); Center of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (T.V.W.); TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands (F.S.); Lallemand Health Solutions, Blagnac, France (V.T.); Servier, Saclay, France (B.W.); and Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany (M.Z.)
| | - Sylvie Maubant
- Medicen Paris Région, Paris, France (P.J.); Pharmabiotic Research Institute, Narbonne, France (C.D.); UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France (S.B.D.); Global Bioinformatics, Evotec ID, Lyon, France (L.B.); Preclinical Sciences & Translational Safety, JNJ Innovative Medicine, Beerse, Belgium (S.K.); Biofortis, Saint-Herblain, France (F.L.V.); Translational Pharmacology Department, Oncodesign Services, Dijon, France (S.M.); Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France (S.R.); Center of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (T.V.W.); TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands (F.S.); Lallemand Health Solutions, Blagnac, France (V.T.); Servier, Saclay, France (B.W.); and Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany (M.Z.)
| | - Sylvie Rabot
- Medicen Paris Région, Paris, France (P.J.); Pharmabiotic Research Institute, Narbonne, France (C.D.); UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France (S.B.D.); Global Bioinformatics, Evotec ID, Lyon, France (L.B.); Preclinical Sciences & Translational Safety, JNJ Innovative Medicine, Beerse, Belgium (S.K.); Biofortis, Saint-Herblain, France (F.L.V.); Translational Pharmacology Department, Oncodesign Services, Dijon, France (S.M.); Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France (S.R.); Center of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (T.V.W.); TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands (F.S.); Lallemand Health Solutions, Blagnac, France (V.T.); Servier, Saclay, France (B.W.); and Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany (M.Z.)
| | - Tom Van de Wiele
- Medicen Paris Région, Paris, France (P.J.); Pharmabiotic Research Institute, Narbonne, France (C.D.); UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France (S.B.D.); Global Bioinformatics, Evotec ID, Lyon, France (L.B.); Preclinical Sciences & Translational Safety, JNJ Innovative Medicine, Beerse, Belgium (S.K.); Biofortis, Saint-Herblain, France (F.L.V.); Translational Pharmacology Department, Oncodesign Services, Dijon, France (S.M.); Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France (S.R.); Center of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (T.V.W.); TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands (F.S.); Lallemand Health Solutions, Blagnac, France (V.T.); Servier, Saclay, France (B.W.); and Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany (M.Z.)
| | - Frank Schuren
- Medicen Paris Région, Paris, France (P.J.); Pharmabiotic Research Institute, Narbonne, France (C.D.); UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France (S.B.D.); Global Bioinformatics, Evotec ID, Lyon, France (L.B.); Preclinical Sciences & Translational Safety, JNJ Innovative Medicine, Beerse, Belgium (S.K.); Biofortis, Saint-Herblain, France (F.L.V.); Translational Pharmacology Department, Oncodesign Services, Dijon, France (S.M.); Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France (S.R.); Center of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (T.V.W.); TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands (F.S.); Lallemand Health Solutions, Blagnac, France (V.T.); Servier, Saclay, France (B.W.); and Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany (M.Z.)
| | - Vincent Thomas
- Medicen Paris Région, Paris, France (P.J.); Pharmabiotic Research Institute, Narbonne, France (C.D.); UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France (S.B.D.); Global Bioinformatics, Evotec ID, Lyon, France (L.B.); Preclinical Sciences & Translational Safety, JNJ Innovative Medicine, Beerse, Belgium (S.K.); Biofortis, Saint-Herblain, France (F.L.V.); Translational Pharmacology Department, Oncodesign Services, Dijon, France (S.M.); Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France (S.R.); Center of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (T.V.W.); TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands (F.S.); Lallemand Health Solutions, Blagnac, France (V.T.); Servier, Saclay, France (B.W.); and Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany (M.Z.)
| | - Bernard Walther
- Medicen Paris Région, Paris, France (P.J.); Pharmabiotic Research Institute, Narbonne, France (C.D.); UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France (S.B.D.); Global Bioinformatics, Evotec ID, Lyon, France (L.B.); Preclinical Sciences & Translational Safety, JNJ Innovative Medicine, Beerse, Belgium (S.K.); Biofortis, Saint-Herblain, France (F.L.V.); Translational Pharmacology Department, Oncodesign Services, Dijon, France (S.M.); Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France (S.R.); Center of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (T.V.W.); TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands (F.S.); Lallemand Health Solutions, Blagnac, France (V.T.); Servier, Saclay, France (B.W.); and Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany (M.Z.)
| | - Michael Zimmermann
- Medicen Paris Région, Paris, France (P.J.); Pharmabiotic Research Institute, Narbonne, France (C.D.); UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France (S.B.D.); Global Bioinformatics, Evotec ID, Lyon, France (L.B.); Preclinical Sciences & Translational Safety, JNJ Innovative Medicine, Beerse, Belgium (S.K.); Biofortis, Saint-Herblain, France (F.L.V.); Translational Pharmacology Department, Oncodesign Services, Dijon, France (S.M.); Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France (S.R.); Center of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (T.V.W.); TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands (F.S.); Lallemand Health Solutions, Blagnac, France (V.T.); Servier, Saclay, France (B.W.); and Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany (M.Z.)
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Deschamps C, Denis S, Humbert D, Priymenko N, Chalancon S, De Bodt J, Van de Wiele T, Ipharraguerre I, Alvarez-Acero I, Achard C, Apper E, Blanquet-Diot S. Canine Mucosal Artificial Colon: development of a new colonic in vitro model adapted to dog sizes. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:166. [PMID: 38261090 PMCID: PMC10806056 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12987-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Differences in dog breed sizes are an important determinant of variations in digestive physiology, mainly related to the large intestine. In vitro gut models are increasingly used as alternatives to animal experiments for technical, cost, societal, and regulatory reasons. Up to now, only one in vitro model of the canine colon incorporates the dynamics of different canine gut regions, yet no adaptations exist to reproduce size-related digestive parameters. To address this limitation, we developed a new model of the canine colon, the CANIne Mucosal ARtificial COLon (CANIM-ARCOL), simulating main physiochemical (pH, transit time, anaerobiosis), nutritional (ileal effluent composition), and microbial (lumen and mucus-associated microbiota) parameters of this ecosystem and adapted to three dog sizes (i.e., small under 10 kg, medium 10-30 kg, and large over 30 kg). To validate the new model regarding microbiota composition and activities, in vitro fermentations were performed in bioreactors inoculated with stools from 13 dogs (4 small, 5 medium, and 4 large). After a stabilization period, microbiota profiles clearly clustered depending on dog size. Bacteroidota and Firmicutes abundances were positively correlated with dog size both in vitro and in vivo, while opposite trends were observed for Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria. As observed in vivo, microbial activity also increased with dog size in vitro, as evidenced from gas production, short-chain fatty acids, ammonia, and bile acid dehydroxylation. In line with the 3R regulation, CANIM-ARCOL could be a relevant platform to assess bilateral interactions between food and pharma compounds and gut microbiota, capturing inter-individual or breed variabilities. KEY POINTS: • CANIM-ARCOL integrates main canine physicochemical and microbial colonic parameters • Gut microbiota associated to different dog sizes is accurately maintained in vitro • The model can help to move toward personalized approach considering dog body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Deschamps
- UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Lallemand Animal Nutrition, Blagnac, France
| | - Sylvain Denis
- UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Nathalie Priymenko
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), University of Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31000, Toulouse, France
| | - Sandrine Chalancon
- UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jana De Bodt
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tom Van de Wiele
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Inma Alvarez-Acero
- Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition, Spanish National Research Council, ICTAN-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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Langhi C, Vallier M, Bron A, Otero YF, Maura M, Le Joubioux F, Blomberg N, Giera M, Guigas B, Maugard T, Chassaing B, Peltier S, Blanquet-Diot S, Bard JM, Sirvent P. A polyphenol-rich plant extract prevents hypercholesterolemia and modulates gut microbiota in western diet-fed mice. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1342388. [PMID: 38317864 PMCID: PMC10839041 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1342388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Totum-070 is a combination of five plant extracts enriched in polyphenols to target hypercholesterolemia, one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Totum-070 on cholesterol levels in an animal model of diet-induced hypercholesterolemia. Methods C57BL/6JOlaHsd male mice were fed a Western diet and received Totum-070, or not, by daily gavage (1g/kg and 3g/kg body weight) for 6 weeks. Results The Western diet induced obesity, fat accumulation, hepatic steatosis and increased plasma cholesterol compared with the control group. All these metabolic perturbations were alleviated by Totum-070 supplementation in a dose-dependent manner. Lipid excretion in feces was higher in mice supplemented with Totum-070, suggesting inhibition of intestinal lipid absorption. Totum-070 also increased the fecal concentration of short chain fatty acids, demonstrating a direct effect on intestinal microbiota. Discussion The characterization of fecal microbiota by 16S amplicon sequencing showed that Totum-070 supplementation modulated the dysbiosis associated with metabolic disorders. Specifically, Totum-070 increased the relative abundance of Muribaculum (a beneficial bacterium) and reduced that of Lactococcus (a genus positively correlated with increased plasma cholesterol level). Together, these findings indicate that the cholesterol-lowering effect of Totum-070 bioactive molecules could be mediated through multiple actions on the intestine and gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Auriane Bron
- UMR 454 Microbiologie Environnement DIgestif et Santé (MEDIS), Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | | | | | - Niek Blomberg
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Martin Giera
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Bruno Guigas
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Thierry Maugard
- Equipe BCBS (Biotechnologies et Chimie des Bioressources Pour la Santé), UMR CNRS 7266 LIENSs, La Rochelle Université, La Rochelle, France
| | - Benoit Chassaing
- Team “Mucosal Microbiota in Chronic Inflammatory Diseases”, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | | | - Stéphanie Blanquet-Diot
- UMR 454 Microbiologie Environnement DIgestif et Santé (MEDIS), Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jean-Marie Bard
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Générale et Appliquée, UFR de Pharmacie, ISOMer-UE 2160, IUML-Institut Universitaire Mer et Littoral-FR3473 CNRS, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
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Etienne-Mesmin L, Meslier V, Uriot O, Fournier E, Deschamps C, Denis S, David A, Jegou S, Morabito C, Quinquis B, Thirion F, Plaza Oñate F, Le Chatelier E, Ehrlich SD, Blanquet-Diot S, Almeida M. In Vitro Modelling of Oral Microbial Invasion in the Human Colon. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0434422. [PMID: 36971547 PMCID: PMC10100946 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04344-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in the human microbiome characterization have revealed significant oral microbial detection in stools of dysbiotic patients. However, little is known about the potential interactions of these invasive oral microorganisms with commensal intestinal microbiota and the host. In this proof-of-concept study, we proposed a new model of oral-to-gut invasion by the combined use of an in vitro model simulating both the physicochemical and microbial (lumen- and mucus-associated microbes) parameters of the human colon (M-ARCOL), a salivary enrichment protocol, and whole-metagenome shotgun sequencing. Oral invasion of the intestinal microbiota was simulated by injection of enriched saliva in the in vitro colon model inoculated with a fecal sample from the same healthy adult donor. The mucosal compartment of M-ARCOL was able to retain the highest species richness levels over time, while species richness levels decreased in the luminal compartment. This study also showed that oral microorganisms preferably colonized the mucosal microenvironment, suggesting potential oral-to-intestinal mucosal competitions. This new model of oral-to-gut invasion can provide useful mechanistic insights into the role of oral microbiome in various disease processes. IMPORTANCE Here, we propose a new model of oral-to-gut invasion by the combined use of an in vitro model simulating both the physicochemical and microbial (lumen- and mucus-associated microbes) parameters of the human colon (M-ARCOL), a salivary enrichment protocol, and whole-metagenome shotgun sequencing. Our study revealed the importance of integrating the mucus compartment, which retained higher microbial richness during fermentation, showed the preference of oral microbial invaders for the mucosal resources, and indicated potential oral-to-intestinal mucosal competitions. It also underlined promising opportunities to further understand mechanisms of oral invasion into the human gut microbiome, define microbe-microbe and mucus-microbe interactions in a compartmentalized fashion, and help to better characterize the potential of oral microbial invasion and their persistence in the gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Etienne-Mesmin
- UMR 454 UCA-INRAE Microbiologie Environnement DIgestif et Santé (MEDIS), Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Victoria Meslier
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, MetaGenoPolis (MGP), Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Ophélie Uriot
- UMR 454 UCA-INRAE Microbiologie Environnement DIgestif et Santé (MEDIS), Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Elora Fournier
- UMR 454 UCA-INRAE Microbiologie Environnement DIgestif et Santé (MEDIS), Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Charlotte Deschamps
- UMR 454 UCA-INRAE Microbiologie Environnement DIgestif et Santé (MEDIS), Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Sylvain Denis
- UMR 454 UCA-INRAE Microbiologie Environnement DIgestif et Santé (MEDIS), Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Aymeric David
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, MetaGenoPolis (MGP), Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Sarah Jegou
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, MetaGenoPolis (MGP), Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Christian Morabito
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, MetaGenoPolis (MGP), Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Benoit Quinquis
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, MetaGenoPolis (MGP), Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Florence Thirion
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, MetaGenoPolis (MGP), Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | | | | | - S. Dusko Ehrlich
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, MetaGenoPolis (MGP), Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Stéphanie Blanquet-Diot
- UMR 454 UCA-INRAE Microbiologie Environnement DIgestif et Santé (MEDIS), Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Mathieu Almeida
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, MetaGenoPolis (MGP), Jouy-en-Josas, France
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7
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Fournier E, Ratel J, Denis S, Leveque M, Ruiz P, Mazal C, Amiard F, Edely M, Bezirard V, Gaultier E, Lamas B, Houdeau E, Engel E, Lagarde F, Etienne-Mesmin L, Mercier-Bonin M, Blanquet-Diot S. Exposure to polyethylene microplastics alters immature gut microbiome in an infant in vitro gut model. J Hazard Mater 2023; 443:130383. [PMID: 36444070 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Infants are characterized by an immaturity of the gut ecosystem and a high exposure to microplastics (MPs) through diet, dust and suckling. However, the bidirectional interactions between MPs and the immature infant intestinal microbiota remain unknown. Our study aims to investigate the impact of chronic exposure to polyethylene (PE) MPs on the gut microbiota and intestinal barrier of infants, using the new Toddler mucosal Artificial Colon coupled with a co-culture of epithelial and mucus-secreting cells. Gut microbiota composition was determined by 16S metabarcoding and microbial activities were evaluated by gas, short chain fatty acid and volatolomics analyses. Gut barrier integrity was assessed via evaluation of intestinal permeability, inflammation and mucus synthesis. Exposure to PE MPs induced gut microbial shifts increasing α-diversity and abundance of potentially harmful pathobionts, such as Dethiosulfovibrionaceae and Enterobacteriaceae. Those changes were associated to butyrate production decrease and major changes in volatile organic compounds profiles. In contrast, no significant impact of PE MPs on the gut barrier, as mediated by microbial metabolites, was reported. For the first time, this study indicates that ingestion of PE MPs can induce perturbations in the gut microbiome of infants. Next step would be to further investigate the potential vector effect of MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elora Fournier
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR 454 MEDIS, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, F-31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Jeremy Ratel
- INRAE, UR QuaPA, MASS Team, F-63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - Sylvain Denis
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR 454 MEDIS, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Mathilde Leveque
- Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, F-31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Philippe Ruiz
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR 454 MEDIS, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Carine Mazal
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR 454 MEDIS, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Frederic Amiard
- Le Mans Université, IMMM UMR-CNRS 6283, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, F-72085 Cedex 9 Le Mans, France
| | - Mathieu Edely
- Le Mans Université, IMMM UMR-CNRS 6283, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, F-72085 Cedex 9 Le Mans, France
| | - Valerie Bezirard
- Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, F-31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Eric Gaultier
- Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, F-31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Bruno Lamas
- Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, F-31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Eric Houdeau
- Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, F-31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Erwan Engel
- INRAE, UR QuaPA, MASS Team, F-63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - Fabienne Lagarde
- Le Mans Université, IMMM UMR-CNRS 6283, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, F-72085 Cedex 9 Le Mans, France
| | - Lucie Etienne-Mesmin
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR 454 MEDIS, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Muriel Mercier-Bonin
- Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, F-31000 Toulouse, France.
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8
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Fournier E, Leveque M, Ruiz P, Ratel J, Durif C, Chalancon S, Amiard F, Edely M, Bezirard V, Gaultier E, Lamas B, Houdeau E, Lagarde F, Engel E, Etienne-Mesmin L, Blanquet-Diot S, Mercier-Bonin M. Microplastics: What happens in the human digestive tract? First evidences in adults using in vitro gut models. J Hazard Mater 2023; 442:130010. [PMID: 36182891 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are ubiquitous in the environment and humans are inevitably exposed to them. However, the effects of MPs in the human digestive environment are largely unknown. The aim of our study was to investigate the impact of repeated exposure to polyethylene (PE) MPs on the human gut microbiota and intestinal barrier using, under adult conditions, the Mucosal Artificial Colon (M-ARCOL) model, coupled with a co-culture of intestinal epithelial and mucus-secreting cells. The composition of the luminal and mucosal gut microbiota was determined by 16S metabarcoding and microbial activities were characterized by gas, short chain fatty acid, volatolomic and AhR activity analyses. Gut barrier integrity was assessed via intestinal permeability, inflammation and mucin synthesis. First, exposure to PE MPs induced donor-dependent effects. Second, an increase in abundances of potentially harmful pathobionts, Desulfovibrionaceae and Enterobacteriaceae, and a decrease in beneficial bacteria such as Christensenellaceae and Akkermansiaceae were observed. These bacterial shifts were associated with changes in volatile organic compounds profiles, notably characterized by increased indole 3-methyl- production. Finally, no significant impact of PE MPs mediated by changes in gut microbial metabolites was reported on the intestinal barrier. Given these adverse effects of repeated ingestion of PE MPs on the human gut microbiota, studying at-risk populations like infants would be a valuable advance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elora Fournier
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR 454 MEDIS, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, F-31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Mathilde Leveque
- Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, F-31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Philippe Ruiz
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR 454 MEDIS, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jeremy Ratel
- INRAE, UR QuaPA, F-63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - Claude Durif
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR 454 MEDIS, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Sandrine Chalancon
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR 454 MEDIS, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Frederic Amiard
- Le Mans Université, IMMM UMR-CNRS 6283, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, F-72085, Le Mans Cedex 9, France
| | - Mathieu Edely
- Le Mans Université, IMMM UMR-CNRS 6283, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, F-72085, Le Mans Cedex 9, France
| | - Valerie Bezirard
- Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, F-31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Eric Gaultier
- Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, F-31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Bruno Lamas
- Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, F-31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Eric Houdeau
- Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, F-31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Fabienne Lagarde
- Le Mans Université, IMMM UMR-CNRS 6283, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, F-72085, Le Mans Cedex 9, France
| | - Erwan Engel
- INRAE, UR QuaPA, F-63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - Lucie Etienne-Mesmin
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR 454 MEDIS, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Muriel Mercier-Bonin
- Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, F-31000 Toulouse, France.
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9
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Sauvaitre T, Van Landuyt J, Durif C, Roussel C, Sivignon A, Chalancon S, Uriot O, Van Herreweghen F, Van de Wiele T, Etienne-Mesmin L, Blanquet-Diot S. Role of mucus-bacteria interactions in Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) H10407 virulence and interplay with human microbiome. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2022; 8:86. [PMID: 36266277 PMCID: PMC9584927 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-022-00344-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal mucus layer has a dual role in human health constituting a well-known microbial niche that supports gut microbiota maintenance but also acting as a physical barrier against enteric pathogens. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), the major agent responsible for traveler's diarrhea, is able to bind and degrade intestinal mucins, representing an important but understudied virulent trait of the pathogen. Using a set of complementary in vitro approaches simulating the human digestive environment, this study aimed to describe how the mucus microenvironment could shape different aspects of the human ETEC strain H10407 pathophysiology, namely its survival, adhesion, virulence gene expression, interleukin-8 induction and interactions with human fecal microbiota. Using the TNO gastrointestinal model (TIM-1) simulating the physicochemical conditions of the human upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract, we reported that mucus secretion and physical surface sustained ETEC survival, probably by helping it to face GI stresses. When integrating the host part in Caco2/HT29-MTX co-culture model, we demonstrated that mucus secreting-cells favored ETEC adhesion and virulence gene expression, but did not impede ETEC Interleukin-8 (IL-8) induction. Furthermore, we proved that mucosal surface did not favor ETEC colonization in a complex gut microbial background simulated in batch fecal experiments. However, the mucus-specific microbiota was widely modified upon the ETEC challenge suggesting its role in the pathogen infectious cycle. Using multi-targeted in vitro approaches, this study supports the major role played by mucus in ETEC pathophysiology, opening avenues in the design of new treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Sauvaitre
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR 454 MEDIS, Microbiologie Environnement Digestif et Santé (MEDIS), CRNH Auvergne, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Ghent University, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Josefien Van Landuyt
- Ghent University, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Claude Durif
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR 454 MEDIS, Microbiologie Environnement Digestif et Santé (MEDIS), CRNH Auvergne, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Charlène Roussel
- Université Laval, Nutrition and Functional Foods Institute (INAF), 2440 Bd Hochelaga Suite 1710, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Adeline Sivignon
- Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 1071 Inserm, USC-INRAE 2018, Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte (M2iSH), 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Sandrine Chalancon
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR 454 MEDIS, Microbiologie Environnement Digestif et Santé (MEDIS), CRNH Auvergne, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Ophélie Uriot
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR 454 MEDIS, Microbiologie Environnement Digestif et Santé (MEDIS), CRNH Auvergne, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Florence Van Herreweghen
- Ghent University, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tom Van de Wiele
- Ghent University, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lucie Etienne-Mesmin
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR 454 MEDIS, Microbiologie Environnement Digestif et Santé (MEDIS), CRNH Auvergne, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Stéphanie Blanquet-Diot
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR 454 MEDIS, Microbiologie Environnement Digestif et Santé (MEDIS), CRNH Auvergne, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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10
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Deschamps C, Humbert D, Zentek J, Denis S, Priymenko N, Apper E, Blanquet-Diot S. From Chihuahua to Saint-Bernard: how did digestion and microbiota evolve with dog sizes. Int J Biol Sci 2022; 18:5086-5102. [PMID: 35982892 PMCID: PMC9379419 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.72770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Health and well-being of dogs are of paramount importance to their owners. Digestion plays a key role in dog health, involving physicochemical, mechanical and microbial actors. However, decades of breeding selection led to various dog sizes associated with different digestive physiology and disease sensitivity. Developing new products requires the consideration of all the multi-faceted aspects of canine digestion, the evaluation of food digestibility, drug release and absorption in the gut. This review paper provides an exhaustive literature survey on canine digestive physiology, focusing on size effect on anatomy and digestive parameters, with graphical representation of data classified as "small", "medium" and "large" dogs. Despite the huge variability between protocols and animals, interesting size effects on gastrointestinal physiology were highlighted, mainly related to the colonic compartment. Colonic measurements, transit time permeability, fibre degradation, faecal short-chain fatty acid concentration and faecal water content increase while faecal bile acid concentration decreases with body size. A negative correlation between body weight and Proteobacteria relative abundance was observed suggesting an effect of dog body size on faecal microbiota. This paper gathers helpful in vivo data for academics and industrials and supports the development of new food and pharma products to move towards canine personalized nutrition and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Deschamps
- Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 454 MEDIS UCA-INRAE, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Lallemand Animal Nutrition, Blagnac, France
| | | | - Jürgen Zentek
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Strasse 49, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sylvain Denis
- Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 454 MEDIS UCA-INRAE, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Nathalie Priymenko
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), University of Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
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11
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Sauvaitre T, Van Herreweghen F, Delbaere K, Durif C, Van Landuyt J, Fadhlaoui K, Huille S, Chaucheyras-Durand F, Etienne-Mesmin L, Blanquet-Diot S, Van de Wiele T. Lentils and Yeast Fibers: A New Strategy to Mitigate Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) Strain H10407 Virulence? Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14102146. [PMID: 35631287 PMCID: PMC9144138 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary fibers exhibit well-known beneficial effects on human health, but their anti-infectious properties against enteric pathogens have been poorly investigated. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a major food-borne pathogen that causes acute traveler’s diarrhea. Its virulence traits mainly rely on adhesion to an epithelial surface, mucus degradation, and the secretion of two enterotoxins associated with intestinal inflammation. With the increasing burden of antibiotic resistance worldwide, there is an imperious need to develop novel alternative strategies to control ETEC infections. This study aimed to investigate, using complementary in vitro approaches, the inhibitory potential of two dietary-fiber-containing products (a lentil extract and yeast cell walls) against the human ETEC reference strain H10407. We showed that the lentil extract decreased toxin production in a dose-dependent manner, reduced pro-inflammatory interleukin-8 production, and modulated mucus-related gene induction in ETEC-infected mucus-secreting intestinal cells. We also report that the yeast product reduced ETEC adhesion to mucin and Caco-2/HT29-MTX cells. Both fiber-containing products strengthened intestinal barrier function and modulated toxin-related gene expression. In a complex human gut microbial background, both products did not elicit a significant effect on ETEC colonization. These pioneering data demonstrate the promising role of dietary fibers in controlling different stages of the ETEC infection process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Sauvaitre
- UMR 454 INRAE, Microbiology, Digestive Environment and Health (MEDIS), Université Clermont Auvergne, 28 Place Henri Dunant, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (T.S.); (C.D.); (K.F.); (F.C.-D.); (L.E.-M.)
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (F.V.H.); (K.D.); (J.V.L.); (T.V.d.W.)
| | - Florence Van Herreweghen
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (F.V.H.); (K.D.); (J.V.L.); (T.V.d.W.)
| | - Karen Delbaere
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (F.V.H.); (K.D.); (J.V.L.); (T.V.d.W.)
| | - Claude Durif
- UMR 454 INRAE, Microbiology, Digestive Environment and Health (MEDIS), Université Clermont Auvergne, 28 Place Henri Dunant, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (T.S.); (C.D.); (K.F.); (F.C.-D.); (L.E.-M.)
| | - Josefien Van Landuyt
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (F.V.H.); (K.D.); (J.V.L.); (T.V.d.W.)
| | - Khaled Fadhlaoui
- UMR 454 INRAE, Microbiology, Digestive Environment and Health (MEDIS), Université Clermont Auvergne, 28 Place Henri Dunant, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (T.S.); (C.D.); (K.F.); (F.C.-D.); (L.E.-M.)
| | | | - Frédérique Chaucheyras-Durand
- UMR 454 INRAE, Microbiology, Digestive Environment and Health (MEDIS), Université Clermont Auvergne, 28 Place Henri Dunant, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (T.S.); (C.D.); (K.F.); (F.C.-D.); (L.E.-M.)
- Lallemand SAS, 19 Rue des Briquetiers, BP 59, CEDEX, F-31702 Blagnac, France
| | - Lucie Etienne-Mesmin
- UMR 454 INRAE, Microbiology, Digestive Environment and Health (MEDIS), Université Clermont Auvergne, 28 Place Henri Dunant, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (T.S.); (C.D.); (K.F.); (F.C.-D.); (L.E.-M.)
| | - Stéphanie Blanquet-Diot
- UMR 454 INRAE, Microbiology, Digestive Environment and Health (MEDIS), Université Clermont Auvergne, 28 Place Henri Dunant, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (T.S.); (C.D.); (K.F.); (F.C.-D.); (L.E.-M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-(0)4-73-17-83-90
| | - Tom Van de Wiele
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (F.V.H.); (K.D.); (J.V.L.); (T.V.d.W.)
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12
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Deschamps C, Denis S, Humbert D, Zentek J, Priymenko N, Apper E, Blanquet-Diot S. In vitro models of the canine digestive tract as an alternative to in vivo assays: Advances and current challenges. ALTEX 2022; 39:235–257. [PMID: 35032964 DOI: 10.14573/altex.2109011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Dogs occupy a full place in the family, and their well-being is of paramount importance to their owners. Digestion, a complex process involving physicochemical, mechanical, and microbial parameters, plays a central role in maintaining canine health. As in vivo studies in dogs are increasingly restricted by ethical, regulatory, societal, and cost pressures, an alternative option is the use of in vitro models simulating the different compartments of the canine gastrointestinal tract. This review introduces digestion and gut microbiota as key factors in dog nutrition and health under both healthy and diseased conditions (obesity and inflammatory bowel disease) and highlights similarities and differences between the human and canine digestive tract and processes. We provide the first in-depth description of currently available models of the canine digestive tract, discuss technical and scientific challenges that need to be addressed, and introduce potential applications of in vitro gut models in the food and veterinary fields. Even if the development of some in vitro models is still limited by a lack of in vivo data in dogs that is necessary for relevant configuration and validation, translation of long-term expertise on human in vitro gut models to dogs opens avenues for model optimization and adaptation to specific canine digestive conditions associated with various dog ages, sizes, breeds and/or diets, in both physiological and diseased states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Deschamps
- Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 454 MEDIS UCA-INRAE, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Lallemand Animal Nutrition, Blagnac, France
| | - Sylvain Denis
- Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 454 MEDIS UCA-INRAE, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Jürgen Zentek
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nathalie Priymenko
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), University of Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
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Roussel C, De Paepe K, Galia W, de Bodt J, Chalancon S, Denis S, Leriche F, Vandekerkove P, Ballet N, Blanquet-Diot S, Van de Wiele T. Multi-targeted properties of the probiotic saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I-3856 against enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (ETEC) H10407 pathogenesis across human gut models. Gut Microbes 2021; 13:1953246. [PMID: 34432600 PMCID: PMC8405159 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2021.1953246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is one of the most common causes of acute traveler's diarrhea. Adhesins and enterotoxins constitute the major ETEC virulence traits. With the dramatic increase in antibiotic resistance, probiotics are considered a wholesome alternative to prevent or treat ETEC infections. Here, we examined the antimicrobial properties of the probiotic Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I-3856 against ETEC H10407 pathogenesis upon co-administration in the TNO gastrointestinal Model (TIM-1), simulating the physicochemical and enzymatic conditions of the human upper digestive tract and preventive treatment in the Mucosal Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (M-SHIME), integrating microbial populations of the ileum and ascending colon. Interindividual variability was assessed by separate M-SHIME experiments with microbiota from six human individuals. The probiotic did not affect ETEC survival along the digestive tract. However, ETEC pathogenicity was significantly reduced: enterotoxin encoding virulence genes were repressed, especially in the TIM-1 system, and a lower enterotoxin production was noted. M-SHIME experiments revealed that 18-days probiotic treatment stimulate the growth of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in different gut regions (mucosal and luminal, ileum and ascending colon) while a stronger metabolic activity was noted in terms of short-chain fatty acids (acetate, propionate, and butyrate) and ethanol production. Moreover, the probiotic pre-treated microbiota displayed a higher robustness in composition following ETEC challenge compared to the control condition. We thus demonstrated the multi-inhibitory properties of the probiotic S. cerevisiae CNCM I-3856 against ETEC in the overall simulated human digestive tract, regardless of the inherent variability across individuals in the M-SHIME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlène Roussel
- Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR UCA-INRA 454 MEDIS, Microbiology Digestive Environment and Health, Clermont-Ferrand, France,CMET, Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kim De Paepe
- CMET, Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wessam Galia
- UMR 5557 Microbial Ecology, Research Group On Bacterial Opportunistic Pathogens And Environment, CNRS, VetAgro Sup, Lyon, France
| | - Jana de Bodt
- CMET, Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sandrine Chalancon
- Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR UCA-INRA 454 MEDIS, Microbiology Digestive Environment and Health, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Sylvain Denis
- Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR UCA-INRA 454 MEDIS, Microbiology Digestive Environment and Health, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | | | - Nathalie Ballet
- Lesaffre International, Lesaffre Group, Marcq-en-Baroeul, France
| | - Stéphanie Blanquet-Diot
- CONTACT Stéphanie Blanquet-Diot Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR UCA-INRA 454 MEDIS, Microbiology Digestive Environment and Health, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Tom Van de Wiele
- CMET, Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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14
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Sauvaitre T, Durif C, Sivignon A, Chalancon S, Van de Wiele T, Etienne-Mesmin L, Blanquet-Diot S. In Vitro Evaluation of Dietary Fiber Anti-Infectious Properties against Food-Borne Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13093188. [PMID: 34579065 PMCID: PMC8471546 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary fibers have well-known beneficial effects on human health, but their anti-infectious properties against human enteric pathogens have been poorly investigated. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is the main agent of travelers’ diarrhea, against which targeted preventive strategies are currently lacking. ETEC pathogenesis relies on multiple virulence factors allowing interactions with the intestinal mucosal layer and toxins triggering the onset of diarrheal symptoms. Here, we used complementary in vitro assays to study the antagonistic properties of eight fiber-containing products from cereals, legumes or microbes against the prototypical human ETEC strain H10407. Inhibitory effects of these products on the pathogen were tested through growth, toxin production and mucus/cell adhesion inhibition assays. None of the tested compounds inhibited ETEC strain H10407 growth, while lentil extract was able to decrease heat labile toxin (LT) concentration in culture media. Lentil extract and specific yeast cell walls also interfered with ETEC strain H10407 adhesion to mucin beads and human intestinal cells. These results constitute a first step in the use of dietary fibers as a nutritional strategy to prevent ETEC infection. Further work will be dedicated to the study of fiber/ETEC interactions within a complex gut microbial background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Sauvaitre
- UMR 454 UCA-INRAE Microbiologie Environnement DIgestif et Santé (MEDIS), Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (T.S.); (C.D.); (S.C.); (L.E.-M.)
- Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
| | - Claude Durif
- UMR 454 UCA-INRAE Microbiologie Environnement DIgestif et Santé (MEDIS), Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (T.S.); (C.D.); (S.C.); (L.E.-M.)
| | - Adeline Sivignon
- UMR 1071 UCA Inserm USC-INRAE 2018 Microbes Intestin Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l’Hôte (M2iSH), Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
| | - Sandrine Chalancon
- UMR 454 UCA-INRAE Microbiologie Environnement DIgestif et Santé (MEDIS), Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (T.S.); (C.D.); (S.C.); (L.E.-M.)
| | - Tom Van de Wiele
- Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
| | - Lucie Etienne-Mesmin
- UMR 454 UCA-INRAE Microbiologie Environnement DIgestif et Santé (MEDIS), Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (T.S.); (C.D.); (S.C.); (L.E.-M.)
| | - Stéphanie Blanquet-Diot
- UMR 454 UCA-INRAE Microbiologie Environnement DIgestif et Santé (MEDIS), Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (T.S.); (C.D.); (S.C.); (L.E.-M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-473-178-390
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15
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Fournier E, Mercier-Bonin M, Denis S, Uriot O, Roussel C, Leveque M, Alric M, Van De Wiele T, Blanquet-Diot S, Etienne-Mesmin L. Deciphering the influence of physicochemical and microbial parameters of the human digestive tract on orally-ingested microplastics using in vitro gut models. Toxicol Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4274(21)00504-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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16
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Fournier E, Etienne-Mesmin L, Denis S, Verdier C, Chalancon S, Durif C, Uriot O, Mercier-Bonin M, Blanquet-Diot S. Impact of polyethylene microplastics on human gut microbiota as assessed in an in vitro gut model. Toxicol Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4274(21)00781-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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17
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Sauvaitre T, Etienne-Mesmin L, Sivignon A, Mosoni P, Courtin CM, Van de Wiele T, Blanquet-Diot S. Tripartite relationship between gut microbiota, intestinal mucus and dietary fibers: towards preventive strategies against enteric infections. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2021; 45:5918835. [PMID: 33026073 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuaa052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The human gut is inhabited by a large variety of microorganims involved in many physiological processes and collectively referred as to gut microbiota. Disrupted microbiome has been associated with negative health outcomes and especially could promote the onset of enteric infections. To sustain their growth and persistence within the human digestive tract, gut microbes and enteric pathogens rely on two main polysaccharide compartments, namely dietary fibers and mucus carbohydrates. Several evidences suggest that the three-way relationship between gut microbiota, dietary fibers and mucus layer could unravel the capacity of enteric pathogens to colonise the human digestive tract and ultimately lead to infection. The review starts by shedding light on similarities and differences between dietary fibers and mucus carbohydrates structures and functions. Next, we provide an overview of the interactions of these two components with the third partner, namely, the gut microbiota, under health and disease situations. The review will then provide insights into the relevance of using dietary fibers interventions to prevent enteric infections with a focus on gut microbial imbalance and impaired-mucus integrity. Facing the numerous challenges in studying microbiota-pathogen-dietary fiber-mucus interactions, we lastly describe the characteristics and potentialities of currently available in vitro models of the human gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Sauvaitre
- Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 454 INRAe, Microbiology, Digestive Environment and Health (MEDIS), Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Ghent University, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lucie Etienne-Mesmin
- Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 454 INRAe, Microbiology, Digestive Environment and Health (MEDIS), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Adeline Sivignon
- Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 1071 Inserm, USC-INRAe 2018, Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte (M2iSH), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Pascale Mosoni
- Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 454 INRAe, Microbiology, Digestive Environment and Health (MEDIS), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Christophe M Courtin
- KU Leuven, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry & Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tom Van de Wiele
- Ghent University, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stéphanie Blanquet-Diot
- Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 454 INRAe, Microbiology, Digestive Environment and Health (MEDIS), Clermont-Ferrand, France
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18
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Fournier E, Etienne-Mesmin L, Grootaert C, Jelsbak L, Syberg K, Blanquet-Diot S, Mercier-Bonin M. Microplastics in the human digestive environment: A focus on the potential and challenges facing in vitro gut model development. J Hazard Mater 2021; 415:125632. [PMID: 33770682 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Plastic pollution is a major issue worldwide, generating massive amounts of smaller plastic particles, including microplastics (MPs). Their ubiquitous nature in the environment but also in foodstuff and consumer packaged goods has revealed potential threats to humans who can be contaminated mainly through air, food and water consumption. In this review, the current literature on human exposure to MPs is summarized with a focus on the gastrointestinal tract as portal of entry. Then, we discuss the vector effect of MPs, in their pristine versus weathered forms, with well-known contaminants as heavy metals and chemicals, or more emerging ones as antibiotics or microbial pathogens, like Pseudomonas spp., Vibrio spp., Campylobacter spp. and Escherichia coli. Comprehensive knowledge on MP fate in the gastrointestinal tract and their potential impact on gut homeostasis disruption, including gut microbiota, mucus and epithelial barrier, is reported in vitro and in vivo in mammals. Special emphasis is given on the crucial need of developing robust in vitro gut models to adequately simulate human digestive physiology and absorption processes. Finally, this review points out future research directions on MPs in human intestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elora Fournier
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, MEDIS (Microbiology, Digestive Environment and Health), 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Lucie Etienne-Mesmin
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, MEDIS (Microbiology, Digestive Environment and Health), 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Charlotte Grootaert
- Department of Food technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Lotte Jelsbak
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Universitetsvej 1, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Kristian Syberg
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Universitetsvej 1, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Stéphanie Blanquet-Diot
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, MEDIS (Microbiology, Digestive Environment and Health), 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Muriel Mercier-Bonin
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France.
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19
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Gresse R, Chaucheyras-Durand F, Garrido JJ, Denis S, Jiménez-Marín A, Beaumont M, Van de Wiele T, Forano E, Blanquet-Diot S. Pathogen Challenge and Dietary Shift Alter Microbiota Composition and Activity in a Mucin-Associated in vitro Model of the Piglet Colon (MPigut-IVM) Simulating Weaning Transition. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:703421. [PMID: 34349744 PMCID: PMC8328230 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.703421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is the principal pathogen responsible for post-weaning diarrhea in newly weaned piglets. Expansion of ETEC at weaning is thought to be the consequence of various stress factors such as transient anorexia, dietary change or increase in intestinal inflammation and permeability, but the exact mechanisms remain to be elucidated. As the use of animal experiments raise more and more ethical concerns, we used a recently developed in vitro model of piglet colonic microbiome and mucobiome, the MPigut-IVM, to evaluate the effects of a simulated weaning transition and pathogen challenge at weaning. Our data suggested that the tested factors impacted the composition and functionality of the MPigut-IVM microbiota. The simulation of weaning transition led to an increase in relative abundance of the Prevotellaceae family which was further promoted by the presence of the ETEC strain. In contrast, several beneficial families such as Bacteroidiaceae or Ruminococcaceae and gut health related short chain fatty acids like butyrate or acetate were reduced upon simulated weaning. Moreover, the incubation of MPigut-IVM filtrated effluents with porcine intestinal cell cultures showed that ETEC challenge in the in vitro model led to an increased expression of pro-inflammatory genes by the porcine cells. This study provides insights about the etiology of a dysbiotic microbiota in post-weaning piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaële Gresse
- INRAE, UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Lallemand SAS, Blagnac, France
| | | | - Juan J Garrido
- Grupo de Genómica y Mejora Animal, Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Sylvain Denis
- INRAE, UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Angeles Jiménez-Marín
- Grupo de Genómica y Mejora Animal, Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Martin Beaumont
- GenPhySE, INRAE, ENVT, Université de Toulouse, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Tom Van de Wiele
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Evelyne Forano
- INRAE, UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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20
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Fournier E, Roussel C, Dominicis A, Ley D, Peyron MA, Collado V, Mercier-Bonin M, Lacroix C, Alric M, Van de Wiele T, Chassard C, Etienne-Mesmin L, Blanquet-Diot S. In vitro models of gut digestion across childhood: current developments, challenges and future trends. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 54:107796. [PMID: 34252564 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The human digestion is a multi-step and multi-compartment process essential for human health, at the heart of many issues raised by academics, the medical world and industrials from the food, nutrition and pharma fields. In the first years of life, major dietary changes occur and are concomitant with an evolution of the whole child digestive tract anatomy and physiology, including colonization of gut microbiota. All these phenomena are influenced by child exposure to environmental compounds, such as drugs (especially antibiotics) and food pollutants, but also childhood infections. Due to obvious ethical, regulatory and technical limitations, in vivo approaches in animal and human are more and more restricted to favor complementary in vitro approaches. This review summarizes current knowledge on the evolution of child gut physiology from birth to 3 years old regarding physicochemical, mechanical and microbial parameters. Then, all the available in vitro models of the child digestive tract are described, ranging from the simplest static mono-compartmental systems to the most sophisticated dynamic and multi-compartmental models, and mimicking from the oral phase to the colon compartment. Lastly, we detail the main applications of child gut models in nutritional, pharmaceutical and microbiological studies and discuss the limitations and challenges facing this field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elora Fournier
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR 454 MEDIS, Microbiologie Environnement Digestif et Santé, CRNH Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Charlène Roussel
- Laval University, INAF Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, G1V 0A6 Quebec, Canada
| | - Alessandra Dominicis
- European Reference Laboratory for E. coli, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Delphine Ley
- Université Lille 2, Faculté de Médecine, Inserm U995 Nutritional Modulation of Infection and Inflammation, 59045 Lille, France
| | - Marie-Agnès Peyron
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Valérie Collado
- Université Clermont Auvergne, EA 4847, CROC, Centre de Recherche en Odontologie Clinique, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Muriel Mercier-Bonin
- Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Christophe Lacroix
- Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Monique Alric
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR 454 MEDIS, Microbiologie Environnement Digestif et Santé, CRNH Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Tom Van de Wiele
- Ghent University, Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Christophe Chassard
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMRF, 15000 Aurillac, France
| | - Lucie Etienne-Mesmin
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR 454 MEDIS, Microbiologie Environnement Digestif et Santé, CRNH Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Stéphanie Blanquet-Diot
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR 454 MEDIS, Microbiologie Environnement Digestif et Santé, CRNH Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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21
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Lajoie F, Rousseau G, Blanquet-Diot S, Etienne-Mesmin L. [Irritable bowel syndrome: Role of gut microbiota]. Med Sci (Paris) 2021; 37:593-600. [PMID: 34180818 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2021095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a functional disorder of the gastrointestinal tract with high prevalence. IBS, in particular the diarrheic subtype, is associated with alterations in gut microbiota composition and functionality, called dysbiosis. However, the treatment of this disease mainly relies on the patient's symptoms without considering the gut microbiota perturbations. In this review, we present epidemiological data about IBS-D. Then, we describe the main pathophysiological mechanisms associated with this disease, by focusing on gut microbiota alterations. We end up discussing the current therapies now available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédérique Lajoie
- Département de pharmacologie et physiologie, Faculté de médecine, université de Montréal, CP 6128 - Succursale Centre-ville, H3C 3J7 Montréal (Québec), Canada
| | - Guy Rousseau
- Département de pharmacologie et physiologie, Faculté de médecine, université de Montréal, CP 6128 - Succursale Centre-ville, H3C 3J7 Montréal (Québec), Canada
| | - Stéphanie Blanquet-Diot
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAe, UMR454 MEDIS (microbiologie, environnement digestif et santé), 28 place Henri-Dunant, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Lucie Etienne-Mesmin
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAe, UMR454 MEDIS (microbiologie, environnement digestif et santé), 28 place Henri-Dunant, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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22
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Arnal ME, Denis S, Uriot O, Lambert C, Holowacz S, Paul F, Kuylle S, Pereira B, Alric M, Blanquet-Diot S. Impact of oral galenic formulations of Lactobacillus salivarius on probiotic survival and interactions with microbiota in human in vitro gut models. Benef Microbes 2021; 12:75-90. [PMID: 34109893 DOI: 10.3920/bm2020.0187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Health benefits of probiotics in humans essentially depend on their ability to survive during gastrointestinal (GI) transit and to modulate gut microbiota. To date, there is few data on the impact of galenic formulations of probiotics on these parameters. Even if clinical studies remain the gold standard to evaluate the efficacy of galenic forms, they stay hampered by technical, ethical and cost reasons. As an alternative approach, we used two complementary in vitro models of the human gut, the TNO gastrointestinal (TIM-1) model and the Artificial Colon (ARCOL), to study the effect of three oral formulations of a Lactobacillus salivarius strain (powder, capsule and sustained-release tablet) on its viability and interactions with gut microbiota. In the TIM-1 stomach, no or low numbers of bacteria were respectively released from the capsule and tablet, confirming their gastro-resistance. The capsule was disintegrated in the jejunum on average 76 min after administration while the core of sustained-release tablet was still intact at the end of digestion. Viability in TIM-1 was significantly influenced by the galenic form with survival percentages of 0.003±0.004%, 2.8±0.6% and 17.0±1.8% (n=3) for powder, capsule and tablet, respectively. In the ARCOL, the survival of the strain tended to be higher in the post-treatment phase with the tablet compared to capsule, but gut microbiota composition and activity were not differently modulated by the two formulations. In conclusion, the sustained-release tablet emerged as the formulation that most effectively preserved viability of the tested strain during GI passage. This study highlights the usefulness of in vitro gut models for the pre-screening of probiotic pharmaceutical forms. Their use could also easily be extended to the evaluation of the effects of food matrices and age on probiotic survival and activity during GI transit.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Arnal
- Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 454 MEDIS, Microbiologie Environnement Digestif et Santé, 28 place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - S Denis
- Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 454 MEDIS, Microbiologie Environnement Digestif et Santé, 28 place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - O Uriot
- Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 454 MEDIS, Microbiologie Environnement Digestif et Santé, 28 place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - C Lambert
- University Hospital Clermont-Ferrand, Biostatistics Units, 58, rue Montalembert, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - S Holowacz
- PiLeJe Industrie, Parc Naturopôle, Les Tiolans 03800 Saint-Bonnet de Rochefort, France
| | - F Paul
- Genibio, Le Pradas, ZI du Couserans, 09190 Lorp-Sentaraille, France
| | - S Kuylle
- Genibio, Le Pradas, ZI du Couserans, 09190 Lorp-Sentaraille, France
| | - B Pereira
- University Hospital Clermont-Ferrand, Biostatistics Units, 58, rue Montalembert, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - M Alric
- Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 454 MEDIS, Microbiologie Environnement Digestif et Santé, 28 place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - S Blanquet-Diot
- Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 454 MEDIS, Microbiologie Environnement Digestif et Santé, 28 place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Gresse R, Chaucheyras-Durand F, Denis S, Beaumont M, Van de Wiele T, Forano E, Blanquet-Diot S. Weaning-associated feed deprivation stress causes microbiota disruptions in a novel mucin-containing in vitro model of the piglet colon (MPigut-IVM). J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2021; 12:75. [PMID: 34078434 PMCID: PMC8170946 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-021-00584-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Risk factors for the etiology of post-weaning diarrhea, a major problem in swine industry associated with enormous economic losses, remain to be fully elucidated. In concordance with the ethical concerns raised by animal experiments, we developed a new in vitro model of the weaning piglet colon (MPigut-IVM) including a mucin bead compartment to reproduce the mucus surface from the gut to which gut microbes can adhere. RESULTS Our results indicated that the MPigut-IVM is able to establish a representative piglet archaeal and bacterial colon microbiota in terms of taxonomic composition and function. The MPigut-IVM was consequently used to investigate the potential effects of feed deprivation, a common consequence of weaning in piglets, on the microbiota. The lack of nutrients in the MPigut-IVM led to an increased abundance of Prevotellaceae and Escherichia-Shigella and a decrease in Bacteroidiaceae and confirms previous in vivo findings. On top of a strong increase in redox potential, the feed deprivation stress induced modifications of microbial metabolite production such as a decrease in acetate and an increase in proportional valerate, isovalerate and isobutyrate production. CONCLUSIONS The MPigut-IVM is able to simulate luminal and mucosal piglet microbiota and represent an innovative tool for comparative studies to investigate the impact of weaning stressors on piglet microbiota. Besides, weaning-associated feed deprivation in piglets provokes disruptions of MPigut-IVM microbiota composition and functionality and could be implicated in the onset of post-weaning dysbiosis in piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaële Gresse
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR 454 MEDIS, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Lallemand SAS, F-31702 Blagnac, Cedex France
| | - Frédérique Chaucheyras-Durand
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR 454 MEDIS, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Lallemand SAS, F-31702 Blagnac, Cedex France
| | - Sylvain Denis
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR 454 MEDIS, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Martin Beaumont
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Tom Van de Wiele
- Ghent University, Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Evelyne Forano
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR 454 MEDIS, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Uriot O, Kebouchi M, Lorson E, Galia W, Denis S, Chalancon S, Hafeez Z, Roux E, Genay M, Blanquet-Diot S, Dary-Mourot A. Identification of Streptococcus thermophilus Genes Specifically Expressed under Simulated Human Digestive Conditions Using R-IVET Technology. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9061113. [PMID: 34064045 PMCID: PMC8224003 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9061113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite promising health effects, the probiotic status of Streptococcus thermophilus, a lactic acid bacterium widely used in dairy industry, requires further documentation of its physiological status during human gastrointestinal passage. This study aimed to apply recombinant-based in vivo technology (R-IVET) to identify genes triggered in a S. thermophilus LMD-9 reference strain under simulated digestive conditions. First, the R-IVET chromosomal cassette and plasmid genomic library were designed to positively select activated genes. Second, recombinant clones were introduced into complementary models mimicking the human gut, the Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO) gastrointestinal model imitating the human stomach and small intestine, the Caco-2 TC7 cell line as a model of intestinal epithelium, and anaerobic batch cultures of human feces as a colon model. All inserts of activated clones displayed a promoter activity that differed from one digestive condition to another. Our results also showed that S. thermophilus adapted its metabolism to stressful conditions found in the gastric and colonic competitive environment and modified its surface proteins during adhesion to Caco-2 TC7 cells. Activated genes were investigated in a collection of S. thermophilus strains showing various resistance levels to gastrointestinal stresses, a first stage in the identification of gut resistance markers and a key step in probiotic selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ophélie Uriot
- EA 7488 Calbinotox Composés Alimentaires Biofonctionnalités & Risque Neurotoxique, Université de Lorraine, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; (O.U.); (M.K.); (E.L.); (W.G.); (Z.H.); (E.R.); (M.G.)
- UMR 454 MEDIS Microbiology, Digestive Environment and Health, Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAe, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (S.D.); (S.C.); (S.B.-D.)
| | - Mounira Kebouchi
- EA 7488 Calbinotox Composés Alimentaires Biofonctionnalités & Risque Neurotoxique, Université de Lorraine, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; (O.U.); (M.K.); (E.L.); (W.G.); (Z.H.); (E.R.); (M.G.)
| | - Emilie Lorson
- EA 7488 Calbinotox Composés Alimentaires Biofonctionnalités & Risque Neurotoxique, Université de Lorraine, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; (O.U.); (M.K.); (E.L.); (W.G.); (Z.H.); (E.R.); (M.G.)
| | - Wessam Galia
- EA 7488 Calbinotox Composés Alimentaires Biofonctionnalités & Risque Neurotoxique, Université de Lorraine, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; (O.U.); (M.K.); (E.L.); (W.G.); (Z.H.); (E.R.); (M.G.)
- UMR 5557 Microbial Ecology, Research Group on Bacterial Opportunistic Pathogens and Environment, CNRS, VetAgro Sup, 69280 Marcy L’Etoile, France
| | - Sylvain Denis
- UMR 454 MEDIS Microbiology, Digestive Environment and Health, Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAe, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (S.D.); (S.C.); (S.B.-D.)
| | - Sandrine Chalancon
- UMR 454 MEDIS Microbiology, Digestive Environment and Health, Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAe, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (S.D.); (S.C.); (S.B.-D.)
| | - Zeeshan Hafeez
- EA 7488 Calbinotox Composés Alimentaires Biofonctionnalités & Risque Neurotoxique, Université de Lorraine, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; (O.U.); (M.K.); (E.L.); (W.G.); (Z.H.); (E.R.); (M.G.)
| | - Emeline Roux
- EA 7488 Calbinotox Composés Alimentaires Biofonctionnalités & Risque Neurotoxique, Université de Lorraine, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; (O.U.); (M.K.); (E.L.); (W.G.); (Z.H.); (E.R.); (M.G.)
- INRIA/IRISA, GenScale Bioinformatics Team, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - Magali Genay
- EA 7488 Calbinotox Composés Alimentaires Biofonctionnalités & Risque Neurotoxique, Université de Lorraine, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; (O.U.); (M.K.); (E.L.); (W.G.); (Z.H.); (E.R.); (M.G.)
| | - Stéphanie Blanquet-Diot
- UMR 454 MEDIS Microbiology, Digestive Environment and Health, Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAe, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (S.D.); (S.C.); (S.B.-D.)
| | - Annie Dary-Mourot
- EA 7488 Calbinotox Composés Alimentaires Biofonctionnalités & Risque Neurotoxique, Université de Lorraine, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; (O.U.); (M.K.); (E.L.); (W.G.); (Z.H.); (E.R.); (M.G.)
- Correspondence:
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25
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Blanquet-Diot S, François O, Denis S, Hennequin M, Peyron M. Importance of oral phase in in vitro starch digestibility related to wholegrain versus refined pastas and mastication impairment. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.106277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Verdier C, Denis S, Gasc C, Boucinha L, Uriot O, Delmas D, Dore J, Le Camus C, Schwintner C, Blanquet-Diot S. An Oral FMT Capsule as Efficient as an Enema for Microbiota Reconstruction Following Disruption by Antibiotics, as Assessed in an In Vitro Human Gut Model. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9020358. [PMID: 33670255 PMCID: PMC7918368 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9020358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an innovative therapy already used in humans to treat Clostridioides difficile infections associated with massive use of antibiotics. Clinical studies are obviously the gold standard to evaluate FMT efficiency but remain limited by regulatory, ethics, and cost constraints. In the present study, an in vitro model of the human colon reproducing medically relevant perturbation of the colonic ecosystem by antibiotherapy was used to compare the efficiency of traditional FMT enema formulations and a new oral capsule in restoring gut microbiota composition and activity. Loss of microbial diversity, shift in bacterial populations, and sharp decrease in fermentation activities induced in vivo by antibiotherapy were efficiently reproduced in the in vitro model, while capturing inter-individual variability of gut microbiome. Oral capsule was as efficient as enema to decrease the number of disturbed days and bacterial load had no effect on enema performance. This study shows the relevance of human colon models as an alternative approach to in vivo assays during preclinical studies for evaluating FMT efficiency. The potential of this in vitro approach could be extended to FMT testing in the management of many digestive or extra-intestinal pathologies where gut microbial dysbiosis has been evidenced such as inflammatory bowel diseases, obesity or cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Verdier
- UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAe, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (C.V.); (S.D.); (O.U.)
- MaaT Pharma, F-69007 Lyon, France; (C.G.); (L.B.); (D.D.); (J.D.); (C.L.C.); (C.S.)
| | - Sylvain Denis
- UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAe, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (C.V.); (S.D.); (O.U.)
| | - Cyrielle Gasc
- MaaT Pharma, F-69007 Lyon, France; (C.G.); (L.B.); (D.D.); (J.D.); (C.L.C.); (C.S.)
| | - Lilia Boucinha
- MaaT Pharma, F-69007 Lyon, France; (C.G.); (L.B.); (D.D.); (J.D.); (C.L.C.); (C.S.)
| | - Ophélie Uriot
- UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAe, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (C.V.); (S.D.); (O.U.)
| | - Dominique Delmas
- MaaT Pharma, F-69007 Lyon, France; (C.G.); (L.B.); (D.D.); (J.D.); (C.L.C.); (C.S.)
| | - Joël Dore
- MaaT Pharma, F-69007 Lyon, France; (C.G.); (L.B.); (D.D.); (J.D.); (C.L.C.); (C.S.)
- MICALIS and MétaGénoPolis, Université Paris Saclay, INRAe, AgroParisTech, F-78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Corentin Le Camus
- MaaT Pharma, F-69007 Lyon, France; (C.G.); (L.B.); (D.D.); (J.D.); (C.L.C.); (C.S.)
| | - Carole Schwintner
- MaaT Pharma, F-69007 Lyon, France; (C.G.); (L.B.); (D.D.); (J.D.); (C.L.C.); (C.S.)
| | - Stéphanie Blanquet-Diot
- UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAe, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (C.V.); (S.D.); (O.U.)
- Correspondence:
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Uriot O, Chalancon S, Mazal C, Etienne-Mesmin L, Denis S, Blanquet-Diot S. Use of the Dynamic TIM-1 Model for an In-Depth Understanding of the Survival and Virulence Gene Expression of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli in the Human Stomach and Small Intestine. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2291:297-315. [PMID: 33704760 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1339-9_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Due to obvious ethical and technical reasons, it remains very difficult to evaluate the survival and expression of virulence genes of food-borne pathogens, such as Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) in the human gastrointestinal tract. Here, we describe the use of the dynamic TNO (Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek) gastrointestinal model (TIM-1) as a powerful in vitro tool to obtain the kinetics of STEC survival by plate counting, the regulation of major virulence genes by RT-qPCR, and the production of Shiga toxins by ELISA, in the human stomach and small intestine. The gut model was adapted in order that in vitro digestions were performed both under adult and child digestive conditions, specific at risk populations for STEC infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ophélie Uriot
- Microbiology Digestive Environment and Health, UMR UCA-INRA 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Sandrine Chalancon
- Microbiology Digestive Environment and Health, UMR UCA-INRA 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Carine Mazal
- Microbiology Digestive Environment and Health, UMR UCA-INRA 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Lucie Etienne-Mesmin
- Microbiology Digestive Environment and Health, UMR UCA-INRA 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Sylvain Denis
- Microbiology Digestive Environment and Health, UMR UCA-INRA 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Stéphanie Blanquet-Diot
- Microbiology Digestive Environment and Health, UMR UCA-INRA 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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Deschamps C, Fournier E, Uriot O, Lajoie F, Verdier C, Comtet-Marre S, Thomas M, Kapel N, Cherbuy C, Alric M, Almeida M, Etienne-Mesmin L, Blanquet-Diot S. Comparative methods for fecal sample storage to preserve gut microbial structure and function in an in vitro model of the human colon. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:10233-10247. [PMID: 33085024 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10959-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In vitro gut models, such as the mucosal artificial colon (M-ARCOL), provide timely and cost-efficient alternatives to in vivo assays allowing mechanistic studies to better understand the role of human microbiome in health and disease. Using such models inoculated with human fecal samples may require a critical step of stool storage. The effects of preservation methods on microbial structure and function in in vitro gut models have been poorly investigated. This study aimed to assess the impact of three commonly used preserving methods, compared with fresh fecal samples used as a control, on the kinetics of lumen and mucus-associated microbiota colonization in the M-ARCOL model. Feces from two healthy donors were frozen 48 h at - 80 °C with or without cryoprotectant (10% glycerol) or lyophilized with maltodextrin and trehalose prior to inoculation of four parallel bioreactors (e.g., fresh stool, raw stool stored at - 80 °C, stool stored at - 80 °C with glycerol and lyophilized stool). Microbiota composition and diversity (qPCR and 16S metabarcoding) as well as metabolic activity (gases and short chain fatty acids) were monitored throughout the fermentation process (9 days). All the preservative treatments allowed the maintaining inside the M-ARCOL of a complex and functional microbiota, but considering stabilization time of microbial profiles and activities (and not technical constraints associated with the supply of frozen material), our results highlighted 48 h freezing at - 80 °C without cryoprotectant as the most efficient method. These results will help scientists to determine the most accurate method for fecal storage prior to inoculation of in vitro gut microbiome models. KEY POINTS: • In vitro ARCOL model reproduces luminal and mucosal human microbiome. • Short-term storage of fecal sample influences microbial stabilization and activity. • 48 h freezing at - 80°C: most efficient method to preserve microbial ecosystem. • Scientific and technical requirements: influencers of preservation method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Deschamps
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAe, UMR 454 MEDIS, 28 place Henri Dunant, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Elora Fournier
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAe, UMR 454 MEDIS, 28 place Henri Dunant, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Ophélie Uriot
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAe, UMR 454 MEDIS, 28 place Henri Dunant, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Frédérique Lajoie
- Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Cécile Verdier
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAe, UMR 454 MEDIS, 28 place Henri Dunant, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Sophie Comtet-Marre
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAe, UMR 454 MEDIS, 28 place Henri Dunant, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Muriel Thomas
- Micalis Institute, INRAe, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Nathalie Kapel
- Laboratoire de Coprologie Fonctionnelle, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR-S1139, Université de Paris, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Claire Cherbuy
- Micalis Institute, INRAe, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Monique Alric
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAe, UMR 454 MEDIS, 28 place Henri Dunant, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Mathieu Almeida
- MetaGénoPolis, INRAe, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Lucie Etienne-Mesmin
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAe, UMR 454 MEDIS, 28 place Henri Dunant, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Stéphanie Blanquet-Diot
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAe, UMR 454 MEDIS, 28 place Henri Dunant, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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Roussel C, De Paepe K, Galia W, De Bodt J, Chalancon S, Leriche F, Ballet N, Denis S, Alric M, Van de Wiele T, Blanquet-Diot S. Spatial and temporal modulation of enterotoxigenic E. coli H10407 pathogenesis and interplay with microbiota in human gut models. BMC Biol 2020; 18:141. [PMID: 33054775 PMCID: PMC7559199 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-020-00860-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) substantially contributes to the burden of diarrheal illnesses in developing countries. With the use of complementary in vitro models of the human digestive environment, TNO gastrointestinal model (TIM-1), and Mucosal Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (M-SHIME), we provided the first detailed report on the spatial-temporal modulation of ETEC H10407 survival, virulence, and its interplay with gut microbiota. These systems integrate the main physicochemical parameters of the human upper digestion (TIM-1) and simulate the ileum vs ascending colon microbial communities and luminal vs mucosal microenvironments, captured from six fecal donors (M-SHIME). RESULTS A loss of ETEC viability was noticed upon gastric digestion, while a growth renewal was found at the end of jejunal and ileal digestion. The remarkable ETEC mucosal attachment helped to maintain luminal concentrations above 6 log10 mL-1 in the ileum and ascending colon up to 5 days post-infection. Seven ETEC virulence genes were monitored. Most of them were switched on in the stomach and switched off in the TIM-1 ileal effluents and in a late post-infectious stage in the M-SHIME ascending colon. No heat-labile enterotoxin production was measured in the stomach in contrast to the ileum and ascending colon. Using 16S rRNA gene-based amplicon sequencing, ETEC infection modulated the microbial community structure of the ileum mucus and ascending colon lumen. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a better understanding of the interplay between ETEC and gastrointestinal cues and may serve to complete knowledge on ETEC pathogenesis and inspire novel prophylactic strategies for diarrheal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlène Roussel
- Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR UCA-INRA 454 MEDIS, Microbiology Digestive Environment and Health, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,CMET, Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kim De Paepe
- CMET, Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wessam Galia
- UMR 5557 Microbial Ecology, Research Group on Bacterial Opportunistic Pathogens and Environment, CNRS, VetAgro Sup, Lyon, France
| | - Jana De Bodt
- CMET, Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sandrine Chalancon
- Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR UCA-INRA 454 MEDIS, Microbiology Digestive Environment and Health, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Nathalie Ballet
- Lesaffre International, Lesaffre Group, Marcq-en-Baroeul, France
| | - Sylvain Denis
- Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR UCA-INRA 454 MEDIS, Microbiology Digestive Environment and Health, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Monique Alric
- Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR UCA-INRA 454 MEDIS, Microbiology Digestive Environment and Health, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Tom Van de Wiele
- CMET, Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Stéphanie Blanquet-Diot
- Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR UCA-INRA 454 MEDIS, Microbiology Digestive Environment and Health, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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Etienne-Mesmin L, Chassaing B, Desvaux M, De Paepe K, Gresse R, Sauvaitre T, Forano E, de Wiele TV, Schüller S, Juge N, Blanquet-Diot S. Experimental models to study intestinal microbes–mucus interactions in health and disease. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2019; 43:457-489. [DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuz013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A close symbiotic relationship exists between the intestinal microbiota and its host. A critical component of gut homeostasis is the presence of a mucus layer covering the gastrointestinal tract. Mucus is a viscoelastic gel at the interface between the luminal content and the host tissue that provides a habitat to the gut microbiota and protects the intestinal epithelium. The review starts by setting up the biological context underpinning the need for experimental models to study gut bacteria-mucus interactions in the digestive environment. We provide an overview of the structure and function of intestinal mucus and mucins, their interactions with intestinal bacteria (including commensal, probiotics and pathogenic microorganisms) and their role in modulating health and disease states. We then describe the characteristics and potentials of experimental models currently available to study the mechanisms underpinning the interaction of mucus with gut microbes, including in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo models. We then discuss the limitations and challenges facing this field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Etienne-Mesmin
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, MEDIS, 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Benoit Chassaing
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, 100 Piedmont Ave SE, Atlanta, GA 30303 , USA
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, 100 Piedmont Ave, Atlanta, GA 30303 , USA
| | - Mickaël Desvaux
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, MEDIS, 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Kim De Paepe
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Raphaële Gresse
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, MEDIS, 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Thomas Sauvaitre
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, MEDIS, 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Evelyne Forano
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, MEDIS, 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Tom Van de Wiele
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stephanie Schüller
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR7UQ, United Kingdom
| | - Nathalie Juge
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR7UQ, United Kingdom
| | - Stéphanie Blanquet-Diot
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, MEDIS, 28 Place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Dupont D, Alric M, Blanquet-Diot S, Bornhorst G, Cueva C, Deglaire A, Denis S, Ferrua M, Havenaar R, Lelieveld J, Mackie AR, Marzorati M, Menard O, Minekus M, Miralles B, Recio I, Van den Abbeele P. Can dynamicin vitrodigestion systems mimic the physiological reality? Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 59:1546-1562. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2017.1421900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Dupont
- INRA Agrocampus Ouest, STLO, Rennes, France
| | - M. Alric
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | | | - C. Cueva
- CSIC Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, CIAL, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - S. Denis
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - M. Ferrua
- Fonterra, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | | | | | | | | | - O. Menard
- INRA Agrocampus Ouest, STLO, Rennes, France
| | | | - B. Miralles
- CSIC Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, CIAL, Madrid, Spain
| | - I. Recio
- CSIC Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, CIAL, Madrid, Spain
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Galia W, Leriche F, Cruveiller S, Garnier C, Navratil V, Dubost A, Blanquet-Diot S, Thevenot-Sergentet D. Strand-specific transcriptomes of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli in response to interactions with ground beef microbiota: interactions between microorganisms in raw meat. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:574. [PMID: 28774270 PMCID: PMC5543532 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-3957-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) are zoonotic agents associated with outbreaks worldwide. Growth of EHEC strains in ground beef could be inhibited by background microbiota that is present initially at levels greater than that of the pathogen E. coli. However, how the microbiota outcompetes the pathogenic bacteria is unknown. Our objective was to identify metabolic pathways of EHEC that were altered by natural microbiota in order to improve our understanding of the mechanisms controlling the growth and survival of EHECs in ground beef. RESULTS Based on 16S metagenomics analysis, we identified the microbial community structure in our beef samples which was an essential preliminary for subtractively analyzing the gene expression of the EHEC strains. Then, we applied strand-specific RNA-seq to investigate the effects of this microbiota on the global gene expression of EHEC O2621765 and O157EDL933 strains by comparison with their behavior in beef meat without microbiota. In strain O2621765, the expression of genes connected with nitrate metabolism and nitrite detoxification, DNA repair, iron and nickel acquisition and carbohydrate metabolism, and numerous genes involved in amino acid metabolism were down-regulated. Further, the observed repression of ftsL and murF, involved respectively in building the cytokinetic ring apparatus and in synthesizing the cytoplasmic precursor of cell wall peptidoglycan, might help to explain the microbiota's inhibitory effect on EHECs. For strain O157EDL933, the induced expression of the genes implicated in detoxification and the general stress response and the repressed expression of the peR gene, a gene negatively associated with the virulence phenotype, might be linked to the survival and virulence of O157:H7 in ground beef with microbiota. CONCLUSION In the present study, we show how RNA-Seq coupled with a 16S metagenomics analysis can be used to identify the effects of a complex microbial community on relevant functions of an individual microbe within it. These findings add to our understanding of the behavior of EHECs in ground beef. By measuring transcriptional responses of EHEC, we could identify putative targets which may be useful to develop new strategies to limit their shedding in ground meat thus reducing the risk of human illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wessam Galia
- UMR 5557 Ecologie Microbienne, Research Group on Bacterial Opportunistic Pathogens and Environment, CNRS, VetAgro Sup and Université de Lyon, Lyon, France.
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, UMRF, F-15000, Aurillac, France.
- UMR UCA INRA 454 MEDIS Microbiota Digestive environment and Health, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
- VetAgro Sup, Campus Agronomique de Lempdes, Lempdes, France.
| | - Francoise Leriche
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, UMRF, F-15000, Aurillac, France
- VetAgro Sup, Campus Agronomique de Lempdes, Lempdes, France
| | - Stéphane Cruveiller
- Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA), Genomic Institute Genoscope & CNRS-UMR8030 & Evry University, Laboratory of Bioinformatics Analysis in Genomics and Metabolism, Evry, France
| | - Cindy Garnier
- UMR 5557 Ecologie Microbienne, Research Group on Bacterial Opportunistic Pathogens and Environment, CNRS, VetAgro Sup and Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Vincent Navratil
- PRABI, Rhône Alpes Bioinformatics Center, UCBL, Lyon1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Audrey Dubost
- UMR 5557 Ecologie Microbienne, CNRS, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Stéphanie Blanquet-Diot
- UMR UCA INRA 454 MEDIS Microbiota Digestive environment and Health, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Delphine Thevenot-Sergentet
- UMR 5557 Ecologie Microbienne, Research Group on Bacterial Opportunistic Pathogens and Environment, CNRS, VetAgro Sup and Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Reference Laboratory for Escherichia coli including Shiga Toxin-Producing E. coli, VetAgro Sup, Campus Vétérinaire de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Marcy l'Etoile, Lyon, France
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Gresse R, Chaucheyras-Durand F, Fleury MA, Van de Wiele T, Forano E, Blanquet-Diot S. Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in Postweaning Piglets: Understanding the Keys to Health. Trends Microbiol 2017; 25:851-873. [PMID: 28602521 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 437] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Weaning is a critical event in the pig's life cycle, frequently associated with severe enteric infections and overuse of antibiotics; this raises serious economic and public health concerns. In this review, we explain why gut microbiota dysbiosis, induced by abrupt changes in the diet and environment of piglets, emerges as a leading cause of post-weaning diarrhea, even if the exact underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Then, we focus on nonantimicrobial alternatives, such as zinc oxide, essential oils, and prebiotics or probiotics, which are currently evaluated to restore intestinal balance and allow a better management of the crucial weaning transition. Finally, we discuss how in vitro models of the piglet gut could be advantageously used as a complement to ex vivo and in vivo studies for the development and testing of new feed additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaële Gresse
- Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 454 MEDIS UCA-INRA, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Lallemand Animal Nutrition, F-31702 Blagnac Cedex, France
| | | | | | - Tom Van de Wiele
- Ghent University, Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, B-9000, Gent, Belgium
| | - Evelyne Forano
- Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 454 MEDIS UCA-INRA, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Fleury MA, Le Goff O, Denis S, Chaucheyras-Durand F, Jouy E, Kempf I, Alric M, Blanquet-Diot S. Development and validation of a new dynamic in vitro model of the piglet colon (PigutIVM): application to the study of probiotics. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:2533-2547. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8122-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Shani-Levi C, Alvito P, Andrés A, Assunção R, Barberá R, Blanquet-Diot S, Bourlieu C, Brodkorb A, Cilla A, Deglaire A, Denis S, Dupont D, Heredia A, Karakaya S, Giosafatto CVL, Mariniello L, Martins C, Ménard O, El SN, Vegarud GE, Ulleberg E, Lesmes U. Extending in vitro digestion models to specific human populations: Perspectives, practical tools and bio-relevant information. Trends Food Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2016.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Roussel C, Sivignon A, de Wiele TV, Blanquet-Diot S. Foodborne enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli: from gut pathogenesis to new preventive strategies involving probiotics. Future Microbiol 2016; 12:73-93. [PMID: 27983878 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2016-0101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) are a major cause of traveler's diarrhea and infant mortality in developing countries. Given the rise of antibiotic resistance worldwide, there is an urgent need for the development of new preventive strategies. Among them, a promising approach is the use of probiotics. Although many studies, mostly performed under piglet digestive conditions, have shown the beneficial effects of probiotics on ETEC by interfering with their survival, virulence or adhesion to mucosa, underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This review describes ETEC pathogenesis, its modulation by human gastrointestinal cues as well as novel preventive strategies with a particular emphasis on probiotics. The potential of in vitro models simulating human digestion in elucidating probiotic mode of action will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlène Roussel
- Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, EA 4678 CIDAM, Conception Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Cmet, Center for Microbial Ecology & Technology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Adeline Sivignon
- Clermont Université, UMR 1071 INSERM/Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France INRA, Unité Sous Contrat 2018, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Tom Van de Wiele
- Cmet, Center for Microbial Ecology & Technology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stéphanie Blanquet-Diot
- Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, EA 4678 CIDAM, Conception Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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37
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Cordonnier C, Thévenot J, Etienne-Mesmin L, Alric M, Livrelli V, Blanquet-Diot S. Probiotic and enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli: An effective strategy against a deadly enemy? Crit Rev Microbiol 2016; 43:116-132. [PMID: 27798976 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2016.1185602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) are major food-borne pathogens that constitute a serious public health threat. Currently, there is no specific treatment available for EHEC infections in human creating an urgent need for the development of alternative therapeutic strategies. Among them, one of the most promising approaches is the use of probiotic microorganisms. Even if many studies have shown the antagonistic effects of probiotic bacteria or yeast on EHEC survival, virulence, adhesion on intestinal epithelium or pathogen-induced inflammatory responses, mechanisms mediating their beneficial effects remain unclear. This review describes EHEC pathogenesis and novel therapeutic strategies, with a particular emphasis on probiotics. The interests and limits of a probiotic-based approach and the way it might be incorporated into global health strategies against EHEC infections will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Cordonnier
- a EA 4678 CIDAM, "Conception, Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament", Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne , Université d'Auvergne , Clermont-Ferrand , France.,b M2iSH, "Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte" , UMR Inserm/Université d'Auvergne U1071, USC-INRA 2018, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, Université d'Auvergne , Clermont-Ferrand , France
| | - Jonathan Thévenot
- a EA 4678 CIDAM, "Conception, Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament", Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne , Université d'Auvergne , Clermont-Ferrand , France.,b M2iSH, "Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte" , UMR Inserm/Université d'Auvergne U1071, USC-INRA 2018, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, Université d'Auvergne , Clermont-Ferrand , France
| | - Lucie Etienne-Mesmin
- a EA 4678 CIDAM, "Conception, Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament", Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne , Université d'Auvergne , Clermont-Ferrand , France.,b M2iSH, "Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte" , UMR Inserm/Université d'Auvergne U1071, USC-INRA 2018, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, Université d'Auvergne , Clermont-Ferrand , France
| | - Monique Alric
- a EA 4678 CIDAM, "Conception, Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament", Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne , Université d'Auvergne , Clermont-Ferrand , France
| | - Valérie Livrelli
- b M2iSH, "Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte" , UMR Inserm/Université d'Auvergne U1071, USC-INRA 2018, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, Université d'Auvergne , Clermont-Ferrand , France.,c Service de Bactériologie , CHU Clermont-Ferrand , Clermont-Ferrand , France
| | - Stéphanie Blanquet-Diot
- a EA 4678 CIDAM, "Conception, Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament", Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne , Université d'Auvergne , Clermont-Ferrand , France
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Roussel C, Cordonnier C, Galia W, Le Goff O, Thévenot J, Chalancon S, Alric M, Thevenot-Sergentet D, Leriche F, Van de Wiele T, Livrelli V, Blanquet-Diot S. Increased EHEC survival and virulence gene expression indicate an enhanced pathogenicity upon simulated pediatric gastrointestinal conditions. Pediatr Res 2016; 80:734-743. [PMID: 27429202 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2016.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) are major foodborne pathogens that constitute a serious public health threat, mainly in young children. Shiga toxins (Stx) are the main virulence determinants of EHEC pathogenesis but adhesins like intimin (eae) and Long polar fimbriae (Lpf) also contribute to infection. The TNO GastroIntestinal Model (TIM) was used for a comparative study of EHEC O157:H7 survival and virulence under adult and child digestive conditions. METHODS Survival kinetics in the in vitro digestive tract were determined by plating while bacterial viability was assessed by flow cytometry analysis. Expression of stx, eae, and lpf genes was followed by reverse transcriptase-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and Stx production was measured by ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). RESULTS Upon gastrointestinal passage, a higher amount of viable cells was found in the simulated ileal effluents of children compared to that of adults (with 34 and 6% of viable cells, respectively). Expression levels of virulence genes were up to 125-fold higher in children. Stx was detected only in child ileal effluents. CONCLUSION Differences in digestive physicochemical parameters may partially explain why children are more susceptible to EHEC infection than adults. Such data are essential for a full understanding of EHEC pathogenesis and would help in designing novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlène Roussel
- EA 4678 CIDAM, Conception Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,CMet, Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Cordonnier
- EA 4678 CIDAM, Conception Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,M2iSH, Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte UMR INSERM/Université d'Auvergne, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Wessam Galia
- EA 4678 CIDAM, Conception Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,UMR 5557 Ecologie Microbienne, Research Group on Bacterial Opportunistic Pathogens and Environment, CNRS, VetAgro Sup and Université de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Unité CALYTISS, VetAgro Sup, Lempdes, France
| | - Olivier Le Goff
- EA 4678 CIDAM, Conception Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jonathan Thévenot
- EA 4678 CIDAM, Conception Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,M2iSH, Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte UMR INSERM/Université d'Auvergne, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Sandrine Chalancon
- EA 4678 CIDAM, Conception Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Monique Alric
- EA 4678 CIDAM, Conception Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Delphine Thevenot-Sergentet
- UMR 5557 Ecologie Microbienne, Research Group on Bacterial Opportunistic Pathogens and Environment, CNRS, VetAgro Sup and Université de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Laboratoire d'Etude des Microorganismes Alimentaires Pathogènes, French National Reference Laboratory for Escherichia coli including Shiga Toxin-Producing E. coli, VetAgro Sup, Université de Lyon, Marcy l'Etoile, France
| | | | - Tom Van de Wiele
- CMet, Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Valérie Livrelli
- M2iSH, Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte UMR INSERM/Université d'Auvergne, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Service de Bactériologie, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Stéphanie Blanquet-Diot
- EA 4678 CIDAM, Conception Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Fleury MA, Jouy E, Eono F, Cariolet R, Couet W, Gobin P, Le Goff O, Blanquet-Diot S, Alric M, Kempf I. Impact of two different colistin dosing strategies on healthy piglet fecal microbiota. Res Vet Sci 2016; 107:152-160. [PMID: 27473989 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Colistin is often used in piglets but underdosing and overdosing are frequent. The impact of such administrations on fecal microbiota was studied. Piglets were given either underdoses of colistin by oral gavage for five days or overdoses by in-feed medication for 14days. The composition of fecal microbiota was studied by quantitative PCR, 16S rRNA sequencing, culture of Enterobacteriaceae, and quantification of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). The mean colistin concentrations during the treatment for underdosed and overdosed groups were 14.4μg/g and 64.9μg/g of feces respectively. Whatever the piglet and the sampling day, the two main phyla were Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, The main families were Lactobacillaceae, Clostridiales, Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae. The main perturbation was the significant but transitory decrease in the Escherichia coli population during treatment, yet all the E. coli isolates were susceptible to colistin. Moreover, colistin did not affect the production of SCFAs. These results show that under- or overdoses of colistin do not result in any major disturbance of piglet fecal microbiota and rarely select for chromosomal resistance in the dominant E. coli population.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Fleury
- ANSES, Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané, Ploufragan, France; Université Bretagne, Loire, France; Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, EA 4678 CIDAM, Conception, Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - E Jouy
- ANSES, Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané, Ploufragan, France; Université Bretagne, Loire, France
| | - F Eono
- ANSES, Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané, Ploufragan, France; Université Bretagne, Loire, France
| | - R Cariolet
- ANSES, Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané, Ploufragan, France; Université Bretagne, Loire, France
| | - W Couet
- Inserm U1070, Pôle Biologie Santé, Poitiers, France; Université de Poitiers, UFR Médecine-Pharmacie, Poitiers, France; CHU Poitiers, Service de Toxicologie-Pharmacocinétique, Poitiers, France
| | - P Gobin
- CHU Poitiers, Service de Toxicologie-Pharmacocinétique, Poitiers, France
| | - O Le Goff
- Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, EA 4678 CIDAM, Conception, Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - S Blanquet-Diot
- Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, EA 4678 CIDAM, Conception, Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - M Alric
- Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, EA 4678 CIDAM, Conception, Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - I Kempf
- ANSES, Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané, Ploufragan, France; Université Bretagne, Loire, France.
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Uriot O, Galia W, Awussi AA, Perrin C, Denis S, Chalancon S, Lorson E, Poirson C, Junjua M, Le Roux Y, Alric M, Dary A, Blanquet-Diot S, Roussel Y. Use of the dynamic gastro-intestinal model TIM to explore the survival of the yogurt bacterium Streptococcus thermophilus and the metabolic activities induced in the simulated human gut. Food Microbiol 2016; 53:18-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2015.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Revised: 02/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Denis S, Sayd T, Georges A, Chambon C, Chalancon S, Santé-Lhoutellier V, Blanquet-Diot S. Digestion of cooked meat proteins is slightly affected by age as assessed using the dynamic gastrointestinal TIM model and mass spectrometry. Food Funct 2016; 7:2682-91. [DOI: 10.1039/c6fo00120c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The main goal of the present study was to compare the degradation of meat proteins in adult and elderly digestive conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Denis
- EA 4678 Conception
- Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament Université d'Auvergne
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne
- F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand
- France
| | - T. Sayd
- INRA
- UR370 Qualité des Produits Animaux
- F-63122 Saint Genès Champanelle
- France
| | - A. Georges
- EA 4678 Conception
- Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament Université d'Auvergne
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne
- F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand
- France
| | - C. Chambon
- INRA
- UR370 Qualité des Produits Animaux
- F-63122 Saint Genès Champanelle
- France
| | - S. Chalancon
- EA 4678 Conception
- Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament Université d'Auvergne
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne
- F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand
- France
| | | | - S. Blanquet-Diot
- EA 4678 Conception
- Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament Université d'Auvergne
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne
- F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand
- France
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Guerra A, Denis S, le Goff O, Sicardi V, François O, Yao AF, Garrait G, Manzi AP, Beyssac E, Alric M, Blanquet-Diot S. Development and validation of a new dynamic computer-controlled model of the human stomach and small intestine. Biotechnol Bioeng 2015; 113:1325-35. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.25890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Guerra
- EA 4678 Conception; Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament Clermont Université; Université d'Auvergne; Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne; Faculté de Pharmacie; 28 Place H. Dunant F-63001 Clermont-Ferrand France
| | - Sylvain Denis
- EA 4678 Conception; Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament Clermont Université; Université d'Auvergne; Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne; Faculté de Pharmacie; 28 Place H. Dunant F-63001 Clermont-Ferrand France
| | - Olivier le Goff
- EA 4678 Conception; Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament Clermont Université; Université d'Auvergne; Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne; Faculté de Pharmacie; 28 Place H. Dunant F-63001 Clermont-Ferrand France
| | - Vincent Sicardi
- EA 4678 Conception; Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament Clermont Université; Université d'Auvergne; Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne; Faculté de Pharmacie; 28 Place H. Dunant F-63001 Clermont-Ferrand France
| | | | - Anne-Françoise Yao
- UMR 6620 Laboratoire de Mathématiques; Clermont Université; Université Blaise Pascal; Clermont-Ferrand France
| | - Ghislain Garrait
- EA 4678 Conception; Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament Clermont Université; Université d'Auvergne; Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne; Faculté de Pharmacie; 28 Place H. Dunant F-63001 Clermont-Ferrand France
| | - Aimé Pacifique Manzi
- EA 4678 Conception; Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament Clermont Université; Université d'Auvergne; Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne; Faculté de Pharmacie; 28 Place H. Dunant F-63001 Clermont-Ferrand France
| | - Eric Beyssac
- EA 4678 Conception; Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament Clermont Université; Université d'Auvergne; Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne; Faculté de Pharmacie; 28 Place H. Dunant F-63001 Clermont-Ferrand France
| | - Monique Alric
- EA 4678 Conception; Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament Clermont Université; Université d'Auvergne; Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne; Faculté de Pharmacie; 28 Place H. Dunant F-63001 Clermont-Ferrand France
| | - Stéphanie Blanquet-Diot
- EA 4678 Conception; Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament Clermont Université; Université d'Auvergne; Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne; Faculté de Pharmacie; 28 Place H. Dunant F-63001 Clermont-Ferrand France
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Cordonnier C, Thévenot J, Etienne-Mesmin L, Denis S, Alric M, Livrelli V, Blanquet-Diot S. Dynamic In Vitro Models of the Human Gastrointestinal Tract as Relevant Tools to Assess the Survival of Probiotic Strains and Their Interactions with Gut Microbiota. Microorganisms 2015; 3:725-45. [PMID: 27682114 PMCID: PMC5023271 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms3040725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The beneficial effects of probiotics are conditioned by their survival during passage through the human gastrointestinal tract and their ability to favorably influence gut microbiota. The main objective of this study was to use dynamic in vitro models of the human digestive tract to investigate the effect of fasted or fed state on the survival kinetics of the new probiotic Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain CNCM I-3856 and to assess its influence on intestinal microbiota composition and activity. The probiotic yeast showed a high survival rate in the upper gastrointestinal tract whatever the route of admistration, i.e., within a glass of water or a Western-type meal. S. cerevisiae CNCM I-3856 was more sensitive to colonic conditions, as the strain was not able to colonize within the bioreactor despite a twice daily administration. The main bacterial populations of the gut microbiota, as well as the production of short chain fatty acids were not influenced by the probiotic treatment. However, the effect of the probiotic on the gut microbiota was found to be individual dependent. This study shows that dynamic in vitro models can be advantageously used to provide useful insight into the behavior of probiotic strains in the human digestive environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Cordonnier
- Accueil Conception, Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament (EA 4678 CIDAM), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, Université d'Auvergne, Centre Biomédical de Recherche et de Valorisation (CBRV) 28 place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
- Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte (M2iSH), Unité Mixte de Recherche Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (UMR INSERM) / Université d'Auvergne U1071 Unité Sous Contrat - Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (USC-INRA) 2018, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, Université d'Auvergne, CBRV 28 place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Jonathan Thévenot
- Accueil Conception, Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament (EA 4678 CIDAM), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, Université d'Auvergne, Centre Biomédical de Recherche et de Valorisation (CBRV) 28 place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
- Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte (M2iSH), Unité Mixte de Recherche Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (UMR INSERM) / Université d'Auvergne U1071 Unité Sous Contrat - Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (USC-INRA) 2018, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, Université d'Auvergne, CBRV 28 place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Lucie Etienne-Mesmin
- Accueil Conception, Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament (EA 4678 CIDAM), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, Université d'Auvergne, Centre Biomédical de Recherche et de Valorisation (CBRV) 28 place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
- Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte (M2iSH), Unité Mixte de Recherche Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (UMR INSERM) / Université d'Auvergne U1071 Unité Sous Contrat - Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (USC-INRA) 2018, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, Université d'Auvergne, CBRV 28 place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Sylvain Denis
- Accueil Conception, Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament (EA 4678 CIDAM), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, Université d'Auvergne, Centre Biomédical de Recherche et de Valorisation (CBRV) 28 place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Monique Alric
- Accueil Conception, Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament (EA 4678 CIDAM), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, Université d'Auvergne, Centre Biomédical de Recherche et de Valorisation (CBRV) 28 place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Valérie Livrelli
- Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte (M2iSH), Unité Mixte de Recherche Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (UMR INSERM) / Université d'Auvergne U1071 Unité Sous Contrat - Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (USC-INRA) 2018, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, Université d'Auvergne, CBRV 28 place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
- Service de Bactériologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Clermont-Ferrand, 58 rue Montalembert, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Stéphanie Blanquet-Diot
- Accueil Conception, Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament (EA 4678 CIDAM), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, Université d'Auvergne, Centre Biomédical de Recherche et de Valorisation (CBRV) 28 place Henri Dunant, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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Thévenot J, Cordonnier C, Rougeron A, Le Goff O, Nguyen HTT, Denis S, Alric M, Livrelli V, Blanquet-Diot S. Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli infection has donor-dependent effect on human gut microbiota and may be antagonized by probiotic yeast during interaction with Peyer's patches. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:9097-110. [PMID: 26084888 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6704-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) are major food-borne pathogens responsible for serious infections ranging from mild diarrhea to hemorrhagic colitis and life-threatening complications. Shiga toxins (Stxs) are the main virulence factor of EHEC. The antagonistic effect of a prophylactic treatment with the probiotic strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae against EHEC O157:H7 was investigated using complementary in vitro human colonic model and in vivo murine ileal loop assays. In vitro, the probiotic treatment had no effect on O157:H7 survival but favorably influenced gut microbiota activity through modulation of short-chain fatty acid production, increasing acetate production and decreasing that of butyrate. Both pathogen and probiotic strains had individual-dependent effects on human gut microbiota. For the first time, stx expression was followed in human colonic environment: at 9 and 12 h post EHEC infection, probiotic treatment significantly decreased stx mRNA levels. Besides, in murine ileal loops, the probiotic yeast specifically exerted a trophic effect on intestinal mucosa and inhibited O157:H7 interactions with Peyer's patches and subsequent hemorrhagic lesions. Taken together, the results suggest that S. cerevisiae may be useful in the fight against EHEC infection and that host associated factors such as microbiota could influence clinical evolution of EHEC infection and the effectiveness of probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Thévenot
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, EA 4678 CIDAM, Conception Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, M2iSH, Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte UMR INSERM / Université d'Auvergne U1071 USC-INRA 2018, Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - C Cordonnier
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, EA 4678 CIDAM, Conception Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, M2iSH, Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte UMR INSERM / Université d'Auvergne U1071 USC-INRA 2018, Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - A Rougeron
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, M2iSH, Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte UMR INSERM / Université d'Auvergne U1071 USC-INRA 2018, Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - O Le Goff
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, EA 4678 CIDAM, Conception Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - H T T Nguyen
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, M2iSH, Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte UMR INSERM / Université d'Auvergne U1071 USC-INRA 2018, Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - S Denis
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, EA 4678 CIDAM, Conception Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - M Alric
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, EA 4678 CIDAM, Conception Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - V Livrelli
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, M2iSH, Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte UMR INSERM / Université d'Auvergne U1071 USC-INRA 2018, Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Service de Bactériologie, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - S Blanquet-Diot
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, EA 4678 CIDAM, Conception Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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Pradel N, Etienne-Mesmin L, Thévenot J, Cordonnier C, Blanquet-Diot S, Livrelli V. In vitro adhesion properties of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli isolated from cattle, food, and humans. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:156. [PMID: 25774152 PMCID: PMC4343011 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are able to cause serious illnesses ranging from diarrhea to hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS). These bacteria colonize the digestive tract of humans and produce Shiga-toxins, which are considered to be essential for virulence and are crucial in lethal infection. Colon colonization is supposed to be a determinant step in the development of the infection, but the virulence traits that mediate this step are unclear. We analyzed the ability of 256 STEC strains belonging to seropathotype A (the most virulent O157:H7 serotype) to seropathotype E (not involved in human disease) to adhere to HEp-2, HCT-8, and T84 cell lines. Of the 256 STEC tested most (82%) were non-adherent in our assays. The adhesion levels were globally low and were not related to pathogenicity, although the highest levels were associated to O26:H11 and O103:H2 strains of seropathotype B (associated with HUS but less commonly than serotype O157:H7), possessing both the eae and toxB genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Pradel
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, M2iSH, 'Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte' UMR INSERM/Université d'Auvergne U1071 USC-INRA 2018, Clermont Université - Université d'Auvergne Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Lucie Etienne-Mesmin
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, M2iSH, 'Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte' UMR INSERM/Université d'Auvergne U1071 USC-INRA 2018, Clermont Université - Université d'Auvergne Clermont-Ferrand, France ; Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, EA-4678 CIDAM, 'Conception Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament', Clermont Université - Université d'Auvergne Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jonathan Thévenot
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, M2iSH, 'Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte' UMR INSERM/Université d'Auvergne U1071 USC-INRA 2018, Clermont Université - Université d'Auvergne Clermont-Ferrand, France ; Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, EA-4678 CIDAM, 'Conception Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament', Clermont Université - Université d'Auvergne Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Charlotte Cordonnier
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, M2iSH, 'Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte' UMR INSERM/Université d'Auvergne U1071 USC-INRA 2018, Clermont Université - Université d'Auvergne Clermont-Ferrand, France ; Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, EA-4678 CIDAM, 'Conception Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament', Clermont Université - Université d'Auvergne Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Stéphanie Blanquet-Diot
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, EA-4678 CIDAM, 'Conception Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament', Clermont Université - Université d'Auvergne Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Valérie Livrelli
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, M2iSH, 'Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte' UMR INSERM/Université d'Auvergne U1071 USC-INRA 2018, Clermont Université - Université d'Auvergne Clermont-Ferrand, France ; Unité de Recherche M2iSH, Faculté de Pharmacie, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service Bactériologie Mycologie Parasitologie Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Arroyo-López FN, Blanquet-Diot S, Denis S, Thévenot J, Chalancon S, Alric M, Rodríguez-Gómez F, Romero-Gil V, Jiménez-Díaz R, Garrido-Fernández A. Survival of pathogenic and lactobacilli species of fermented olives during simulated human digestion. Front Microbiol 2014; 5:540. [PMID: 25352842 PMCID: PMC4196563 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present survey uses a dynamic gastric and small intestinal model to assess the survival of one pathogenic (Escherichia coli O157:H7 EDL 933) and three lactobacilli bacteria with probiotic potential (Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, L. pentosus TOMC-LAB2, and L. pentosus TOMC-LAB4) during their passage through the human gastrointestinal tract using fermented olives as the food matrix. The data showed that the survival of the E. coli strain in the stomach and duodenum was very low, while its transit through the distal parts (jejunum and ileum) resulted in an increase in the pathogen population. The production of Shiga toxins by this enterohemorrhagic microorganism in the ileal effluents of the in vitro system was too low to be detected by ELISA assays. On the contrary, the three lactobacilli species assayed showed a considerable resistance to the gastric digestion, but not to the intestinal one, which affected their survival, and was especially evident in the case of both L. pentosus strains. In spite of this, high population levels for all assayed microorganisms were recovered at the end of the gastrointestinal passage. The results obtained in the present study show the potential use of table olives as a vehicle of beneficial microorganisms to the human body, as well as the need for good hygienic practices on the part of olive manufacturers in order to avoid the possibility of contamination by food-borne pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco N Arroyo-López
- Biotecnología de Alimentos, Instituto de la Grasa - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Seville, Spain
| | - Stéphanie Blanquet-Diot
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, EA 4678, Conception Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, Clermont Université - Université d'Auvergne Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Sylvain Denis
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, EA 4678, Conception Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, Clermont Université - Université d'Auvergne Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jonathan Thévenot
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, EA 4678, Conception Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, Clermont Université - Université d'Auvergne Clermont-Ferrand, France ; Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, M2iSH, UMR INSERM/Université d'Auvergne U1071 USC-INRA 2018, Clermont Université - Université d'Auvergne Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Sandrine Chalancon
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, EA 4678, Conception Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, Clermont Université - Université d'Auvergne Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Monique Alric
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, EA 4678, Conception Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, Clermont Université - Université d'Auvergne Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Francisco Rodríguez-Gómez
- Biotecnología de Alimentos, Instituto de la Grasa - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Seville, Spain
| | - Verónica Romero-Gil
- Biotecnología de Alimentos, Instituto de la Grasa - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Seville, Spain
| | - Rufino Jiménez-Díaz
- Biotecnología de Alimentos, Instituto de la Grasa - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Seville, Spain
| | - Antonio Garrido-Fernández
- Biotecnología de Alimentos, Instituto de la Grasa - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Seville, Spain
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Guerra A, Etienne-Mesmin L, Livrelli V, Denis S, Blanquet-Diot S, Alric M. Relevance and challenges in modeling human gastric and small intestinal digestion. Trends Biotechnol 2012; 30:591-600. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2012.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 294] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2012] [Revised: 07/30/2012] [Accepted: 08/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Blanquet-Diot S, Denis S, Chalancon S, Chaira F, Cardot JM, Alric M. Use of artificial digestive systems to investigate the biopharmaceutical factors influencing the survival of probiotic yeast during gastrointestinal transit in humans. Pharm Res 2011; 29:1444-53. [PMID: 22068280 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-011-0620-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2011] [Accepted: 10/26/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the influence of the main biopharmaceutical factors on the viability of a new probiotic yeast strain, using dynamic in vitro systems simulating human gastric/small intestinal (TIM) and large intestinal (ARCOL) environments. METHODS The viability of Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I-3856 throughout the artificial digestive tract was determined by microbial counting. We investigated the effects of galenic formulation, food intake, dose, mode and frequency of administration on yeast survival rate. RESULTS In both fasted and fed states, yeast viability in the upper digestive tract was significantly higher when the probiotic was administered in hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) capsules compared to tablets. Food intake led to a delay in yeast release and a two-fold increase in strain survival. Whatever the dose, yeasts were particularly sensitive to the large intestinal environment. High concentrations of probiotic could only be maintained in the colon when it was inoculated twice a day over a 5-h-period. CONCLUSIONS TIM and ARCOL are complementary in vitro tools relevant for screening purposes, supplying valuable information on the effects of galenic form, food intake and dose regimen on the viability of probiotics throughout the human digestive tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Blanquet-Diot
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, ERT 18 Conception Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, BP 10448, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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Etienne-Mesmin L, Chassaing B, Sauvanet P, Denizot J, Blanquet-Diot S, Darfeuille-Michaud A, Pradel N, Livrelli V. Interactions with M cells and macrophages as key steps in the pathogenesis of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli infections. PLoS One 2011; 6:e23594. [PMID: 21858177 PMCID: PMC3157389 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0023594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2011] [Accepted: 07/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) are food-borne pathogens that can cause serious infections ranging from diarrhea to hemorrhagic colitis (HC) and hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS). Translocation of Shiga-toxins (Stx) from the gut lumen to underlying tissues is a decisive step in the development of the infection, but the mechanisms involved remain unclear. Many bacterial pathogens target the follicle-associated epithelium, which overlies Peyer's patches (PPs), cross the intestinal barrier through M cells and are captured by mucosal macrophages. Here, translocation across M cells, as well as survival and proliferation of EHEC strains within THP-1 macrophages were investigated using EHEC O157:H7 reference strains, isogenic mutants, and 15 EHEC strains isolated from HC/HUS patients. We showed for the first time that E. coli O157:H7 strains are able to interact in vivo with murine PPs, to translocate ex vivo through murine ileal mucosa with PPs and across an in vitro human M cell model. EHEC strains are also able to survive and to produce Stx in macrophages, which induce cell apoptosis and Stx release. In conclusion, our results suggest that the uptake of EHEC by M cells and underlying macrophages in the PP may be a critical step in Stx translocation and release in vivo. A new model for EHEC infection in humans is proposed that could help in a fuller understanding of EHEC-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Etienne-Mesmin
- Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, JE 2526 Evolution des bactéries pathogènes et susceptibilité génétique de l'hôte, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- INRA, Institut National Recherche Agronomique, Unité Sous Contrat USC-2018, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, ERT 18, Conception, Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, UFR Pharmacie, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Benoit Chassaing
- Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, JE 2526 Evolution des bactéries pathogènes et susceptibilité génétique de l'hôte, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- INRA, Institut National Recherche Agronomique, Unité Sous Contrat USC-2018, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Pierre Sauvanet
- Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, JE 2526 Evolution des bactéries pathogènes et susceptibilité génétique de l'hôte, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- INRA, Institut National Recherche Agronomique, Unité Sous Contrat USC-2018, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- CHU Clermont Ferrand, Pôle des Pathologies Digestives, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jérémy Denizot
- Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, JE 2526 Evolution des bactéries pathogènes et susceptibilité génétique de l'hôte, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- INRA, Institut National Recherche Agronomique, Unité Sous Contrat USC-2018, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Stéphanie Blanquet-Diot
- Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, ERT 18, Conception, Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, UFR Pharmacie, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Arlette Darfeuille-Michaud
- Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, JE 2526 Evolution des bactéries pathogènes et susceptibilité génétique de l'hôte, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- INRA, Institut National Recherche Agronomique, Unité Sous Contrat USC-2018, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Nathalie Pradel
- Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, JE 2526 Evolution des bactéries pathogènes et susceptibilité génétique de l'hôte, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- INRA, Institut National Recherche Agronomique, Unité Sous Contrat USC-2018, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Valérie Livrelli
- Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, JE 2526 Evolution des bactéries pathogènes et susceptibilité génétique de l'hôte, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- INRA, Institut National Recherche Agronomique, Unité Sous Contrat USC-2018, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, UFR Pharmacie, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service Bactériologie Mycologie Parasitologie, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- * E-mail:
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Torres-Escribano S, Denis S, Blanquet-Diot S, Calatayud M, Barrios L, Vélez D, Alric M, Montoro R. Comparison of a static and a dynamic in vitro model to estimate the bioaccessibility of As, Cd, Pb and Hg from food reference materials Fucus sp. (IAEA-140/TM) and Lobster hepatopancreas (TORT-2). Sci Total Environ 2011; 409:604-11. [PMID: 21109290 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2010] [Revised: 10/06/2010] [Accepted: 10/09/2010] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Bioaccessibility, the fraction of an element solubilized during gastrointestinal digestion and available for absorption, is a factor that should be considered when evaluating the health risk of contaminants from food. Static and dynamic models that mimic human physiological conditions have been used to evaluate bioaccessibility. This preliminary study compares the bioaccessibility of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg) in two food certified reference materials (CRMs) (seaweed: Fucus sp., IAEA-140/TM; Lobster hepatopancreas: TORT-2), using two in vitro gastrointestinal digestion methods: a static method (SM) and a dynamic multicompartment method (TIM-1). There are significant differences (p<0.05) between the bioaccessible values of As, Cd, Pb and Hg obtained by SM and TIM-1 in the two CRMs. The specific form in which the elements studied are present in the CRM may help to explain the bioaccessibility values obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Torres-Escribano
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Apdo. 73, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
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