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Pyrcz TW, Fhraeus C, Boyer P, Mahecha-J O, Lorenc-Brudecka J, Zajc KS, Willmott KR, Padrn S. The sunny butterflies: new species of high montane pierids of the Catasticta poujadei group from the Peruvian Andes (Pieridae, Pierinae, Aporiina). Zootaxa 2023; 5336:530-542. [PMID: 38221078 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5336.4.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
The Catasticta poujadei group, within the subgenus Hesperochoia Reissinger, is revised. Two new species, C. copernicus Pyrcz & Fhraeus sp. nov., and C. buszkoi Boyer & Pyrcz sp. nov. occurring near the timberline in Junn and Apurmac are described. Catasticta eximia Rber is reinstated as a species separate from C. poujadei, and a new subspecies, C. eximia tapuna ssp. nov., is described. The affinities of the species of the C. poujadei group are evaluated based on COI barcodes. Their distribution and habitats are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz W Pyrcz
- Department of Invertebrate Evolution; Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research; Jagiellonian University; Gronostajowa 9; 30-387 Krakw; Poland.
| | - Christer Fhraeus
- Biodiversity; Department of Biology; Lund University; Lund; Sweden.
| | - Pierre Boyer
- 7 Lotissement lHorizon; Le Puy-Sainte-Rparade; France.
| | - Oscar Mahecha-J
- Instituto de Ciencias Naturales ICN; Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Carrera 30 No.45-03; Bogot D.C.; Colombia. Biogeografa y Ecologa Evolutiva Neotropical BEEN; Universidad Distrital F.J.C.; Bogot; Colombia. Carrera 3 No. 26A 40.
| | | | - Kamila S Zajc
- Nature Education Centre; Jagiellonian University; Gronostajowa 5; 30-387 Krakw; Poland.
| | - Keith R Willmott
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity; Florida Museum of Natural History; University of Florida; Gainesville; Florida; USA.
| | - Sebastin Padrn
- Laboratorio de Entomologia; Universidad del Azuay. Avenida 24 de Mayo 7-77 y Hernan Malo. Cuenca; Ecuador.
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Pyrcz TW, Willmott KR, Lamas G, Boyer P, Florczyk K, Fåhraeus C, Mahecha O, Cerdeña J, Mrozek A, Farfán J, Zubek A. Correction: Considerations on the Systematics of Neotropical Pierina, with the Description of Two New Species of Phulia Herrich-Schäffer from the Peruvian Andes (Lepidoptera: Pieridae, Pierinae, Pierini). Neotrop Entomol 2023; 52:538. [PMID: 37099208 PMCID: PMC10181961 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-023-01045-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz W Pyrcz
- Dept of Invertebrate Evolution, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian Univ, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Keith R Willmott
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, Univ of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Gerardo Lamas
- Museo de Historia Natural, Univ Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú
| | | | - Klaudia Florczyk
- Nature Education Centre of the Jagiellonian Univ, Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Oscar Mahecha
- Nature Education Centre of the Jagiellonian Univ, Kraków, Poland
- Grupo en Biogeografía y Ecología Evolutiva Neotropical BEEN, Univ Distrital F.J.C./Univ Incca de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - José Cerdeña
- Museo de Historia Natural, Escuela de Biología UNSA, Univ Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Arequipa, Perú
| | - Artur Mrozek
- Dept of Invertebrate Evolution, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian Univ, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jackie Farfán
- Museo de Historia Natural, Escuela de Biología UNSA, Univ Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Arequipa, Perú
| | - Anna Zubek
- Nature Education Centre of the Jagiellonian Univ, Kraków, Poland
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Pyrcz TW, Willmott KR, Lamas G, Boyer P, Florczyk K, Fåhraeus C, Mahecha O, Cerdeña J, Mrozek A, Farfán J, Zubek A. Considerations on the Systematics of Neotropical Pierina, with the Description of Two New Species of Phulia Herrich-Schäffer from the Peruvian Andes (Lepidoptera: Pieridae, Pierinae, Pierini). Neotrop Entomol 2022; 51:840-859. [PMID: 36378478 PMCID: PMC9705514 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-022-00999-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A comparative analysis of high-Andean Pierina was carried out, including a total of 25 species. Based on morphological evidence, with an emphasis on venation and genitalia and molecular data, using three genetic markers, we confirm the recent subjective synonymy of the generic names Tatochila Butler, 1870, Piercolias, Staudinger, 1894, Hypsochila Ureta, 1955, Infraphulia Field, 1958, Pierphulia Field, 1958, and Theochila Field, 1958 with Phulia Herrich-Schäffer, 1867. Two new species are described, namely Phulia stoddardi Pyrcz & Cerdeña n. sp., from the Andes of Central Peru, which occurs at an unusually high altitude of close to 5000 m a.s.l. in dry puna habitat, and Phulia phantasma Lamas, Willmott & Boyer n. sp., from dry montane forests in northern Peru and southern Ecuador. An overview of high-elevation butterflies is presented, with some discussion on adaptations to this environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz W Pyrcz
- Dept of Invertebrate Evolution, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian Univ, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Keith R Willmott
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, Univ of Florida, FL, Gainesville, USA
| | - Gerardo Lamas
- Museo de Historia Natural, Univ Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú
| | | | - Klaudia Florczyk
- Nature Education Centre of the Jagiellonian Univ, Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Oscar Mahecha
- Nature Education Centre of the Jagiellonian Univ, Kraków, Poland
- Grupo en Biogeografía y Ecología Evolutiva Neotropical BEEN, Univ Distrital F.J.C./Univ Incca de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - José Cerdeña
- Univ Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Museo de Historia Natural, Escuela de Biología UNSA, Arequipa, Perú
| | - Artur Mrozek
- Dept of Invertebrate Evolution, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian Univ, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jackie Farfán
- Univ Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Museo de Historia Natural, Escuela de Biología UNSA, Arequipa, Perú
| | - Anna Zubek
- Nature Education Centre of the Jagiellonian Univ, Kraków, Poland
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Florczyk K, Fhraeus C, Boyer P, Zubek A, Pyrcz TW. A new species of the enigmatic genus Oressinoma Doubleday from the Andes of central Peru (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Satyrinae). Zootaxa 2021; 4999:157-168. [PMID: 34810496 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4999.2.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
A new, and only the third known species of the Neotropical montane genus Oressinoma Doubleday is describedO. sorina n. sp., from the Andes of central Peru. It is distinguishable immediately from the other two congeners by the shape of the hindwing underside submarginal orange band, and by the male genitalia. The systematics of Oressinoma are reviewed. A preliminary analysis is carried out based on COI barcode confirming the separate specific status of O. sorina n. sp. in relation to other two congeners. Both barcode and genital morphology data suggest that the widespread O. typhla Doubleday may be a complex of allopatric or, locally parapatric species. The genus Oressinoma is the only neotropical member of the predominantly Australian subtribe Coenonymphina, represented in the entire Holarctic by one genus onlyCoenonympha Hbner, considered as the putative sister-genus of Oressinoma. Their origins and relationships are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Florczyk
- Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 5, 30-387 Krakw, Poland.
| | - Christer Fhraeus
- Biodiversity, Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Pierre Boyer
- 7 Lotissement lHorizon, Le Puy Sainte Rparade, France.
| | - Anna Zubek
- Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 5, 30-387 Krakw, Poland.
| | - Tomasz W Pyrcz
- Department of Invertebrate Evolution, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-380 Krakw, Poland.
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Pyrcz TW, Florczyk K, Collins S, Sáfián S, Mahecha-J O, Lachowska-Cierlik D. Alpha-taxonomy and phylogeny of African Junoniini butterflies based on morphological data, with an emphasis on genitalia, and COI barcode (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Zootaxa 2021; 4991:401-433. [PMID: 34186836 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4991.3.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The tribe Junoniini is a predominantly Paleotropical group of the cosmopolitan butterfly subfamily Nymphalinae (Nymphalidae), with highest diversity in the Afrotropical region. Its systematics and relationships are not entirely resolved. Question marks remain concerning the validity of some genera; and the apparently close relationship between the Indo-Australian genus Yoma and the Afrotropical Protogoniomorpha, as evidenced by molecular phylogenies, remains a puzzle. Here, we present a cladistic analysis, based on 42 characters of the male and female genitalia of 41 species of Junoniini belonging to six genera, nearly all of them continental Afrotropical, and 3 species of two Indo-Australian genera Yoma and Rhinopalpa. A ML COI-based tree is produced for 36 species of Afrotropical Junoniini and Yoma. The molecular data are consistent with previous studies. However, morphological analysis does not confirm a close relationship between Protogoniomorpha and Yoma. Despite the evolution of a number of modifications, the male genitalia within all genera and species of the Junoniini share a cohesive build plan, in particular a transformed sacculus, from which Yoma is highly divergent. The position of the genus Kamilla, previously synonymized with Junonia, is discussed. Three East African coast taxa, Junonia elgiva stat. reinst., Protogoniomorpha nebulosa stat. reinst. and Salamis amaniensis stat. reinst., and one from central Africa, Precis silvicola stat. reinst. are raised to species level, based on comparative analysis of their male genitalia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz W Pyrcz
- Department of Invertebrate Evolution, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Kraków, Poland. ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9072-1677 2Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 5, 30387 Kraków, Poland. .
| | - Klaudia Florczyk
- 2Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 5, 30387 Kraków, Poland. .
| | - Steve Collins
- African Butterfly Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya. .
| | - Szabolcs Sáfián
- African Butterfly Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya. Hungarian Natural Heritage Trust, H-9945 Fő út 57 Kercaszomor, Hungary. .
| | - Oscar Mahecha-J
- Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 5, 30387 Kraków, Poland. 5Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 30 No. 45-03, 20 Bogotá, Colombia. .
| | - Dorota Lachowska-Cierlik
- Department of Invertebrate Evolution, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Kraków, Poland..
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Mahecha-J O, Triviño P, Andrade-C MG, Pyrcz TW. Two new species of Manerebia Staudinger from paramo habitat in the Colombian Eastern Cordillera of the Andes (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Satyrinae, Pronophilina). Zootaxa 2021; 4970:293302. [PMID: 34186895 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4970.2.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Two new species of the genus Manerebia Staudinger, 1897 (Nymphalidae, Satyrinae) are described from paramo habitat on the eastern slopes of the Colombian Eastern Cordillera in the area of Pisba and La Colorada: Manerebia bernito n. sp. and Manerebia clarita n. sp. Both are morphologically most similar to Manerebia levana and Manerebia pervaga, and the possible phylogenetic relationship between them is hypothesized. Their habitat is described and a proposal of their conservation status is made. With the addition of the two new species described in this study, a total of 15 species of Manerebia are reported from Colombia. However, a molecular analysis should be carried out to validate the taxonomic status of several species of Manerebia, in particular having in mind a potentially high cryptic diversity of this genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Mahecha-J
- Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 5, 30-387, Kraków, Poland. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales ICN/Laboratorio de Ecología del Paisaje y Modelación de Ecosistemas ECOLMOD, Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Carrera 30 No.45-03, Bogotá D.C., Colombia..
| | - Paola Triviño
- Instituto de Ciencias Naturales ICN, Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Carrera 30 No.45-03, Bogotá D.C., Colombia..
| | - M Gonzalo Andrade-C
- Profesor Asociado, Instituto de Ciencias Naturales ICN, Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Carrera 30 No.45-03, Bogotá D.C., Colombia..
| | - Tomasz W Pyrcz
- Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 5, 30-387, Kraków, Poland. Department of Invertebrate Evolution, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30387 Kraków, Poland..
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Bálint Z, Boyer P, Cerdeña J, Larico JF, Lorenc-Brudecka J, Prieto C, Pyrcz TW. Contributions to the knowledge of Neotropical Lycaenidae: taxonomy of Johnsonita/ Salazar amp; Constantino, 1995 with descriptions of seven new species (Theclinae: Eumaeini). Zootaxa 2021; 4963:zootaxa.4963.1.2. [PMID: 33903562 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4963.1.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The Transandean-Andean genus Johnsonita Salazar Constantino, 1995 is revised on the basis of wing and genitalia morphology. Apart from eight species formerly placed in Johnsonita (Thecla assula Draudt, 1919; Thecla auda Hewitson, 1867; Thecla catadupa Hewitson, 1869; Thecla chaluma Schaus, 1902, Thecla chlamydem Druce, 1907; Thecla pardoa d'Abrera, 1995; Johnsonita johnsoni Salazar Constantino, 1995 and Johnsonita johnbanksi Bálint, 2003), seven new species are described: Johnsonita carpia Bálint, Boyer Pyrcz, sp. n. (Ecuador), Johnsonita iacinta Bálint, Boyer Pyrcz, sp. n. (Peru), Johnsonita ianusca Bálint, Lorenc-Brudecka Pyrcz, sp. n. (Ecuador), Johnsonita oxalida Bálint, Boyer Pyrcz, sp. n. (Peru), Johnsonita subcunicula Bálint, Cerdeña Pyrcz, sp. n. (Peru), Johnsonita turquisca Bálint, Boyer Pyrcz, sp. n. (Ecuador) and Johnsonita zubkova Bálint, Boyer Lorenc-Brudecka, sp. n. (Peru). One species, erroneously recorded from Bolivia under the name Thecla chaluma Schaus, 1902, is not formally described due to insufficient material. An identification key, type material revision, descriptions or redescriptions, and diagnosis for all the taxa recognized are given. Lectotypes for the nominal species Thecla assula Draudt, 1919 and Thecla chlamydem Druce, 1907 are designated. Male secondary wing characters are tabulated. A brief discussion on classification, life-history and male secondary characters of Johnsonita is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Bálint
- Hungarian Natural History Museum, Department of Zoology,H-1088 Budapest,Baross utca 13, Hungary..
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Pyrcz TW, Collins S, Lachowska-Cierlik D, Lees DC, Sáfian S, Florczyk K. A Malagasy element in Continental Africa: a new subspecies of the rare Amauris nossima (Nymphalidae, Danainae) from the Kenyan coast. African Zoology 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/15627020.2020.1824588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz W Pyrcz
- Entomology Department, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
- Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Steve Collins
- African Butterfly Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Dorota Lachowska-Cierlik
- Entomology Department, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Szabolcs Sáfian
- Institute of Silviculture and Forest Protection, University of Sopron, Sopron, Hungary
| | - Klaudia Florczyk
- Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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Pyrcz TW, Zubek A, Boyer P, Nakamura I, Wacławik B, Florczyk K. Revisional Notes on the Cloud Forest Butterfly Genus Oxeoschistus Butler in Central America (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae). Neotrop Entomol 2020; 49:392-411. [PMID: 32172389 PMCID: PMC7253525 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-019-00757-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
So far, six species of Oxeoschistus Butler, including its junior synonym Dioriste Thieme, were listed from Central America, with five of them from Costa Rica alone, which appears to represent the highest regional diversity of this Neotropical montane butterfly genus. Our research based on field work, morphological studies and barcode analysis proved that one record is a misunderstanding perpetuated in scientific literature for over a century: Oxeoschistus cothonides Grose-Smith is identified here as an individual form of the female of O. cothon Salvin. The presence of Oxeoschistus tauropolis (Westwood) in Costa Rica, subject to some controversy, is confirmed, and a new local subspecies is described from Costa Rica, O. tauropolis mitsuko Pyrcz & Nakamura n. ssp. Specific status of O. euriphyle Butler is reinstated based on morphological and molecular data. A new subspecies O. hilara lempira Pyrcz n. ssp. is described from Honduras. O. puerta submaculatus Butler is reported for the first time from the Darién region on the Panama-Colombia border. Species relationships are preliminarily evaluated based on COI data concluding, among others, that O. hilara and O. euriphyle are less closely related than previously assumed. Altitudinal and distributional data are revised, and ecological and behavioural information of all the species of Central American Oxeoschistus is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- T W Pyrcz
- Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian Univ., ul. Gronostajowa 5, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
- Entomology Dept., Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian Univ, Kraków, Poland
| | - A Zubek
- Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian Univ., ul. Gronostajowa 5, 30-387, Kraków, Poland.
| | - P Boyer
- , Le Puy Sainte Réparade, France
| | | | - B Wacławik
- Entomology Dept., Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian Univ, Kraków, Poland
| | - K Florczyk
- Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian Univ., ul. Gronostajowa 5, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
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Mahecha O, Garlacz R, Andrade MG, Prieto C, Pyrcz TW. Island biogeography in continental areas: inferring dispersal based on distributional patterns of Pronophilina butterflies (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) in the north Andean massifs. REV MEX BIODIVERS 2019. [DOI: 10.22201/ib.20078706e.2019.90.2796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Pyrcz TW, Gutiérrez JC, Florczyk K. Two remarkable new species of Argyrophorus Blanchard from the Peruvian high Andes (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Satyrinae). Zootaxa 2019; 4656:zootaxa.4656.2.10. [PMID: 31716831 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4656.2.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Two new species of butterflies of the genus Argyrophorus Blanchard (Nymphalidae, Satyrinae)-A. idealis n. sp. and A. rubrostriata n. sp.-are described from the Cordillera Negra in north-central Peru. Both, as indicated by colour patterns, male and female genitalia, are related to Argyrophorus lamna (Thieme) which occurs further east and southwards. The new species occur in open puna grassland at approximately 4000 m. One of them is exceptional because both fore and hindwings are uniform shining silvery, in this respect similar only to the Chilean A. argenteus Blanchard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz W Pyrcz
- Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 5, 30-387 Kraków, Poland; Entomology Department, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387, Kraków, Poland. Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Museo de Historia Natural, Av. Alcides Carrión s/n, Escuela de Biología UNSA, Arequipa, Peru..
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Pyrcz TW, Lorenc-Brudecka J, Zubek A, Prieto C, Boyer P, Florczyk K, Wacławik B, Lachowska-Cierlik D. Considerations on the Taxonomy of the Genus Arhuaco Adams and Bernard 1977, and its Relationships with the Genus Pronophila Doubleday [1849] (Nymphalidae, Satyrinae). Neotrop Entomol 2019; 48:302-313. [PMID: 30414019 PMCID: PMC6443605 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-018-0641-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Arhuaco Adams & Bernard (1977) is one of the least known genera of Neotropical Satyrinae. It comprises two species and presents an unusual disjunct distribution, with A. ica Adams & Bernard (1977), endemic to the isolated Colombian Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, and A. dryadina (Schaus 1913) found in the mountains of Costa Rica and Panama. Here, the female of A. dryadina is described, and a new generic diagnosis is presented. Affinities with other genera of the subtribe Pronophilina, in particular the potential closest relatives, such as Pronophila Doubleday (1849), are investigated based on morphological, molecular, ecological, and behavioral data. Results from molecular and morphological sources are incongruent. Molecular data indicate that Arhuaco is paraphyletic, with A. dryadina segregating within the Pronophila clade. Morphological data, by contrast, indicate a closer affinity between the two species currently placed in Arhuaco, favoring the monophyly of the genus, and show no consistent synapomorphies for Arhuaco + Pronophila. A vicariance biogeographical scenario is evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- T W Pyrcz
- Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian Univ, Gronostajowa 5, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
- Entomology Dept, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian Univ, Kraków, Poland
| | - J Lorenc-Brudecka
- Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian Univ, Gronostajowa 5, 30-387, Kraków, Poland.
| | - A Zubek
- Entomology Dept, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian Univ, Kraków, Poland
| | - C Prieto
- Depto de Biología, Universidad del Atlántico, Barranquilla, Colombia
- SNSB-Bavarian State Collection of Zoology, Münchhausenstrasse 21, 81247, Munich, Germany
| | - P Boyer
- 7 Lotissement l'Horizon, Le Puy Sainte Réparade, France
| | - K Florczyk
- Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian Univ, Gronostajowa 5, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - B Wacławik
- Entomology Dept, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian Univ, Kraków, Poland
| | - D Lachowska-Cierlik
- Entomology Dept, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian Univ, Kraków, Poland
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Pyrcz TW, Garlacz R, Kertész K, Biró LP, Bálint Z. An imperfect imago? Post-mating loss of iridescent scales in Cheimas butterflies may change female from attractive to cryptic (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae). J NAT HIST 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2018.1461945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz W. Pyrcz
- Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
- Entomology Department, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Rafał Garlacz
- Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Krisztián Kertész
- Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Péter Biró
- Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Bálint
- Department of Zoology, Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, Hungary
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14
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Pyrcz TW, Freitas AVL, Boyer P, Dias FMS, Dolibaina DR, Barbosa EP, Magaldi LM, Mielke OHH, Casagrande MM, Lorenc-Brudecka J. Uncovered Diversity of a Predominantly Andean Butterfly Clade in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest: a Revision of the Genus Praepedaliodes Forster (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Satyrinae, Satyrini). Neotrop Entomol 2018; 47:211-255. [PMID: 28971353 PMCID: PMC5842279 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-017-0543-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The genus Praepedaliodes Forster, 1964, the only representative of the mega-diverse mostly Andean Pedaliodes complex lineage in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, is revised. Prior to this study, four species were known, P. phanias (Hewitson, 1862), P. granulata (Butler, 1868), P. amussis (Thieme, 1905) and P. exul (Thieme, 1905). Here, a further six are described, all from SE Brazil, expanding to 10 the number of species in this genus. Lectotypes are designated for P. phanias, P. granulata and P. amussis. The genus is most diverse in the Serra da Mantiqueira (São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais) and in the Serra Geral (Paraná, Santa Catarina) with seven species occurring in both ranges. Praepedaliodes phanias is the most widespread species and the only one found in the western part of the Atlantic Forest; only this species and P. duartei Dias, Dolibaina & Pyrcz n. sp. occurring to near sea level. Other species, P. zaccae Dolibaina, Dias & Pyrcz n. sp., P. francinii Freitas & Pyrcz n. sp., P. sequeirae Pyrcz, Dias & Dolbaina n. sp., P. landryi Pyrcz & Freitas n. sp. and P. pawlaki Pyrcz & Boyer n. sp. are strictly montane and the highest species richness is reached at 1400-1800 m. One species, P. sequeirae n. sp., is a narrow endemic found only at timberline in the Agulhas Negras massif above 2300 m. Immature stages are described for two species, P. phanias and P. landryi n. sp. Molecular data (barcode region of cytochrome oxidase, subunit I) and adult morphology, including male and female genitalia, support the genus as monophyletic, belonging to a predominantly Andean clade of the Pedaliodes Butler, 1867 complex. Morphological evidences, in particular female genitalia comparative analysis, indicate the genera Physcopedaliodes Forster, 1964 and Panyapedaliodes Forster, 1964 as possibly the closest relatives to Praepedaliodes. Molecular data are inconclusive in this respect.
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Affiliation(s)
- T W Pyrcz
- Entomology Dept, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian Univ, Kraków, Poland
- Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian Univ, ul. Gronostajowa 5, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - A V L Freitas
- Depto de Biologia Animal and Museu de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Univ Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brasil
| | - P Boyer
- 7, Lotissement l'Horizon, Le Puy Sainte Réparade, France
| | - F M S Dias
- Lab de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Depto de Zoologia, Univ Federal do Parana, Curitiba, Brasil
| | - D R Dolibaina
- Lab de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Depto de Zoologia, Univ Federal do Parana, Curitiba, Brasil
| | - E P Barbosa
- Depto de Biologia Animal and Museu de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Univ Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brasil
| | - L M Magaldi
- Depto de Biologia Animal and Museu de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Univ Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brasil
| | - O H H Mielke
- Lab de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Depto de Zoologia, Univ Federal do Parana, Curitiba, Brasil
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Univ of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - M M Casagrande
- Lab de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Depto de Zoologia, Univ Federal do Parana, Curitiba, Brasil
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Univ of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - J Lorenc-Brudecka
- Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian Univ, ul. Gronostajowa 5, 30-387, Kraków, Poland.
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Marín MA, Cadavid IC, Valdés L, Álvarez CF, Uribe SI, Vila R, Pyrcz TW. DNA Barcoding of an Assembly of Montane Andean Butterflies (Satyrinae): Geographical Scale and Identification Performance. Neotrop Entomol 2017; 46:514-523. [PMID: 28116647 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-016-0481-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
DNA barcoding is a technique used primarily for the documentation and identification of biological diversity based on mitochondrial DNA sequences. Butterflies have received particular attention in DNA barcoding studies, although varied performance may be obtained due to different scales of geographic sampling and speciation processes in various groups. The montane Andean Satyrinae constitutes a challenging study group for taxonomy. The group displays high richness, with more of 550 species, and remarkable morphological similarity among taxa, which renders their identification difficult. In the present study, we evaluated the effectiveness of DNA barcodes in the identification of montane Andean satyrines and the effect of increased geographical scale of sampling on identification performance. Mitochondrial sequences were obtained from 104 specimens of 39 species and 16 genera, collected in a forest remnant in the northwest Andes. DNA barcoding has proved to be a useful tool for the identification of the specimens, with a well-defined gap and producing clusters with unambiguous identifications for all the morphospecies in the study area. The expansion of the geographical scale with published data increased genetic distances within species and reduced those among species, but did not generally reduce the success of specimen identification. Only in Forsterinaria rustica (Butler, 1868), a taxon with high intraspecific variation, the barcode gap was lost and low support for monophyly was obtained. Likewise, expanded sampling resulted in a substantial increase in the intraspecific distance in Morpho sulkowskyi (Kollar, 1850); Panyapedaliodes drymaea (Hewitson, 1858); Lymanopoda obsoleta (Westwood, 1851); and Lymanopoda labda Hewitson, 1861; but for these species, the barcode gap was maintained. These divergent lineages are nonetheless worth a detailed study of external and genitalic morphology variation, as well as ecological features, in order to determine the potential existence of cryptic species. Even including these cases, DNA barcoding performance in specimen identification was 100% successful based on monophyly, an unexpected result in such a taxonomically complicated group.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Marín
- Depto de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biologia, Univ Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255 - Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz - Barão Geraldo, CEP, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil.
- Univ Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellín, Grupo de Investigación en Sistemática Molecular, Medellín, Colombia.
| | - I C Cadavid
- Univ Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellín, Grupo de Investigación en Sistemática Molecular, Medellín, Colombia
| | - L Valdés
- Univ Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellín, Grupo de Investigación en Sistemática Molecular, Medellín, Colombia
| | - C F Álvarez
- Univ Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellín, Grupo de Investigación en Sistemática Molecular, Medellín, Colombia
- Corporación Universitaria Lasallista, Antioquia, Colombia
| | - S I Uribe
- Univ Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellín, Grupo de Investigación en Sistemática Molecular, Medellín, Colombia
| | - R Vila
- Instituto de Biología Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - T W Pyrcz
- Zoological Museum, Jagiellonian Univ, Kraków, Poland
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Marín MA, Giraldo CE, Marín AL, Álvarez CF, Pyrcz TW. Differences in butterfly (Nymphalidae) diversity between hillsides and hilltop forest patches in the northern Andes. Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/01650521.2015.1099379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Zubek A, Pyrcz TW. Reinstatement and redescription of Forsterinaria inornata magdalena (Hayward) (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) from Cochabamba, Bolivia. Zootaxa 2015; 4028:579-82. [PMID: 26624329 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4028.4.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zubek
- Zoological Museum of the Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 5, 30-387 Kraków, Poland.;
| | - Tomasz W Pyrcz
- Zoological Museum of the Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 5, 30-387 Kraków, Poland.; unknown
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18
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Zubek A, Lorenc-Brudecka J, Pyrcz TW. Hypandrium as a key character in resolving species-level taxonomy on the example of Perisama oppelii (Latreille) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Biblidinae). Zootaxa 2015; 3990:32-40. [PMID: 26250218 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3990.1.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
A detailed comparative study of the subspecies of Perisama oppelii (Latreille, [1809]) is carried out. Ten out of eleven subspecies are illustrated, including the females of P. o. bleuzeni Attal & Crosson du Cormier, 1996 and P. o. cristal Attal & Crosson du Cormier, 1996 for the first time. Male genitalia of P. o. amalia Oberthür, 1916, P. o. bleuzeni, P. o. cristal, P. o. erebina Oberthür, 1916, P. o. oppelii (Latreille, [1809]), P. o. viridinota Butler, 1873, and P. o. xanthica (Hewitson, 1868), as well as female genitalia of P. o. bleuzeni, P. o. cristal and P. o. oppelii are also presented for the first time. Based on the characters of hypandrium, a separate specific status is proposed for P. bleuzeni stat. n. Taxonomical value of the hypandrium is evaluated. The co-evolution of male and female genitalia is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zubek
- Zoological Museum of the Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 5, 30-387 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Jadwiga Lorenc-Brudecka
- Zoological Museum of the Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 5, 30-387 Kraków, Poland; unknown
| | - Tomasz W Pyrcz
- Zoological Museum of the Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 5, 30-387 Kraków, Poland; unknown
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Zacca T, Mielke OHH, Pyrcz TW, Casagrande MM, Freitas AVL, Boyer P. Stegosatyrus, a new genus of Euptychiina from the grasslands of neotropical realm (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae). Zootaxa 2014; 3682:331-50. [PMID: 25243290 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3682.2.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Three species of Pampasatyrus Hayward, 1953 (Satyrinae, Pronophilina) are transferred to Stegosatyrus n. gen. (Euptychiina) based on morphological evidence: S. imbrialis (Weeks, 1901) n. comb. from Bolivia (Cochabamba) and northern Argentina; S. ocelloides (Schaus, 1902) n. comb. from Paraguay (Hernandarias and Caaguazú) and Brazil (Midwest, Southeast and South regions); and S. periphas (Godart, [1824]) n. comb. from southern Brazil, northeastern Argentina (Buenos Aires) and Uruguay. A new species is described, Stegosatyrus hemiclara Pyrcz, Boyer & Zacca, n. sp. from the Andes of southern Peru. The neotype of Satyrus periphas Godart, [1824] and the lectotypes of Epinephele imbrialis Weeks, 1901 and Euptychia ocelloides Schaus, 1902 are designated. Redescriptions and illustrations are presented, including information on geographical and temporal distribution, and habitats. The oviposition process, eggs and first instars of S. periphas are published for the first time.
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Marín MA, Álvarez CF, Giraldo CE, Pyrcz TW, Uribe SI, Vila R. Mariposas en un bosque de niebla andino periurbano en el valle de Aburrá, Colombia. REV MEX BIODIVERS 2014. [DOI: 10.7550/rmb.36605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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21
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Zubek A, Pyrcz TW, Boyer P. Description of a New Species of the Andean Butterfly Genus Forsterinaria Gray (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) with Considerations on an Apparently New Structure in Male Genitalia. Neotrop Entomol 2014; 43:68-77. [PMID: 27193407 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-013-0185-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The butterfly genus Forsterinaria Gray is the only strictly montane representative of the diverse Neotropical subtribe Euptychiina (Nymphalidae, Satyrinae), with 24 described species. Recent research in some of the most isolated and highly diverse Andean regions, such as central Peru, show that its total species richness is still underestimated. An example is the new species described here, Forsterinaria emo n. sp., which is particularly interesting because of an unusual structure discovered in its male genitalia which consists of a bunch of bristle-like processes, composing a fringe-like formation on the dorsum of the tegumen. No similar, homologous structure was found in any congener, nor indeed, in any species of diurnal Lepidoptera. Scanning electron microscope studies revealed that the microstructure of the processes resembles a membrane lining the tegumen. Its function is unknown but two hypotheses are discussed based on a comparative study with other genital structures of butterflies. We argue that it may help stabilizing the partners in the process of mating or it may serve as a 'mating plug', preventing the female from multiple copulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Zubek
- Zoological Museum of the Jagiellonian Univ, 30-060, Kraków, Poland.
| | - T W Pyrcz
- Zoological Museum of the Jagiellonian Univ, 30-060, Kraków, Poland
| | - P Boyer
- , n°7, Lotissement l'Horizon, Le Puy Sainte Réparade, France
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Pyrcz TW, Warren-Gash H, Lorenc-Brudecka J, Dieuwko Knoop, Oremans P, Sáfián S. Taxonomy and distribution pattern of the African rain forest butterfly genus Euphaedra Hübner sensu stricto with the description of three new subspecies of Euphaedra cyparissa (Cramer) and one of E. sarcoptera (Butler) (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Limenitidinae, Adoliadini). Zookeys 2013:1-37. [PMID: 23794883 PMCID: PMC3689106 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.298.4894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Updated data on the distribution, ecology and taxonomy of Euphaedra cyparissa (Cramer) and Euphaedra sarcoptera (Butler) are presented. Three new subspecies of Euphaedra cyparissa and one of Euphaedra sarcoptera are described and their geographic distribution is presented. The monophyly of the genus Euphaedra sensu Hecq is assessed based on morphological, in particular male and female genitalia, and behavioural traits. Possible evolutionary reasons for the convergence of colour pattern between the sympatric subspecies of Euphaedra cyparissa and Euphaedra sarcoptera are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz W Pyrcz
- Zoological Museum of the Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 6, 30-060 Kraków, Poland
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Pyrcz TW, Garlacz R. The presence-absence situation and its impact on the assemblage structure and interspecific relations of Pronophilina butterflies in the Venezuelan Andes (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Neotrop Entomol 2012; 41:186-195. [PMID: 23950042 PMCID: PMC3380249 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-012-0031-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2011] [Accepted: 03/19/2012] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Assemblage structure and altitudinal patterns of Pronophilina, a species-rich group of Andean butterflies, are compared in El Baho and Monte Zerpa, two closely situated and ecologically similar Andean localities. Their faunas differ only by the absence of Pedaliodes ornata Grose-Smith in El Baho. There are, however, important structural differences between the two Pronophilina assemblages. Whereas there are five co-dominant species in Monte Zerpa, including P. ornata, Pedaliodes minabilis Pyrcz is the only dominant with more than half of all the individuals in the sample in El Baho. The absence of P. ornata in El Baho is investigated from historical, geographic, and ecological perspectives exploring the factors responsible for its possible extinction including climate change, mass dying out of host plants, and competitive exclusion. Although competitive exclusion between P. ornata and P. minabilis is a plausible mechanism, considered that their ecological niches overlap, which suggests a limiting influence on each other's populations, the object of competition was not identified, and the reason of the absence of P. ornata in El Baho could not be established. The role of spatial interference related to imperfect sexual behavioral isolation is evaluated in maintaining the parapatric altitudinal distributions of three pairs of phenotypically similar and related species of Pedaliodes, Corades, and Lymanopoda.
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Affiliation(s)
- T W Pyrcz
- Zoological Museum, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
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Greeney HF, Dyer LA, Pyrcz TW. First description of the early stage biology of the genus Mygona: the natural history of the satyrine butterfly, Mygona irmina in eastern Ecuador. J Insect Sci 2011; 11:5. [PMID: 21521141 PMCID: PMC3391937 DOI: 10.1673/031.011.0105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2009] [Accepted: 11/02/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The immature stages and natural history of Mygona irmina Doubleday (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae: Pronophilina) from northeastern Ecuadorian cloud forests are described based on 17 rearings. The dwarf bamboo, Chusquea c.f. scandens Kunth (Poaceae, Bambusoidea) is the larval food plant. Eggs are laid singly on the bottom side of mature host plant leaves. Larvae take 102-109 days to mature from egg to adult. Adults are encountered most frequently on sunny days, flying rapidly over areas dominated by their food plant or feeding on the ground at mammal feces. Males are often encountered inside large forest gaps near patches of bamboo guarding perches in the mid-canopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harold F. Greeney
- Yanayacu Biological Station and Center for Creative Studies, Cosanga, Ecuador, c/o 721 Foch y Amazonas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Lee A. Dyer
- Biology 0314, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 N. Virginia St., Reno, Nevada 89557
| | - Tomasz W. Pyrcz
- Zoological Museum of the Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 6, 30–060 Kraków, Poland
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Pyrcz TW, Wojtusiak J, Garlacz R. Diversity and distribution patterns of Pronophilina butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) along an altitudinal transect in north-western Ecuador. Neotrop Entomol 2009; 38:716-26. [PMID: 20098916 DOI: 10.1590/s1519-566x2009000600003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2008] [Accepted: 07/07/2009] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Samplings of Pronophilina, a species-rich group of neotropical montane butterflies, were carried out along an elevational transect in Ecuador to assess the effect of altitude on their distribution patterns, diversity and community structure. All diversity indices were significantly correlated with altitude. Maximum diversity expressed in species-richness, Shannon index and Fisher alpha was recorded at 2600 m. Two assemblages of species were identified in the lower (below 2100 m) and upper (above 2300 m) sections of the transect by means of correspondence (CA) and cluster analysis. A comparison of Sørensen similarity coefficients showed lower values, thus higher turnover in the intermediate elevational band. Several closely related morphologically and ecologically species were found to have mutually exclusive altitudinal distribution patterns. A comparison with similar studies in Venezuela, Colombia and Peru revealed far reaching congruency of the patterns of altitudinal diversity of Pronophilina in distant areas of the Andes. In particular, the Shannon index reaches its maximum values at 2600-2850 m, which invariably correspond to ca. 400-500 m below the upper limit of cloud forest. Increase of diversity of Pronophilina with altitude is marginally related to higher limited resource availability. The lower pressure of predators and parasites at higher elevation can contribute with higher abundance, but cannot be directly correlated with higher diversity. Higher diversity is related with intrisic characteristics of the group, such as aggregated diversity by overlapping of elevational faunal assemblages and higher speciation ratio towards high elevations, particularly near timberline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz W Pyrcz
- Zoological Museum of the Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 6, 30-060 Kraków, Poland.
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Pyrcz TW, Gareca Y. A new species of Eretris Thieme (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Satyrinae) from the Elbow of the Andes region in Bolivia. Neotrop Entomol 2009; 38:370-375. [PMID: 19618054 DOI: 10.1590/s1519-566x2009000300012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2007] [Accepted: 03/05/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A new species of cloud forest butterfly, Eretris julieta n. sp. is described from a region of south-central Bolivia known as the Elbow of the Andes. It is the southernmost known representative of the genus, hitherto known only from a restricted area of interandean valleys in the department of Santa Cruz. Its affinities with other congeners are evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz W Pyrcz
- Zoological Museum, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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27
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Greeney HF, Pyrcz TW, DeVries PJ, Dyer LA. The early stages of Pedaliodes poesia ( Hewitson, 1862 ) in eastern Ecuador (Lepidoptera: Satyrinae: Pronophilina). J Insect Sci 2009; 9:38. [PMID: 19619029 PMCID: PMC3011831 DOI: 10.1673/031.009.3801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2008] [Accepted: 06/19/2008] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We describe the immature stages Pedaliodes poesia Hewitson, 1862 from northeastern Ecuador. Chusquea scandens (Poaceae, Bambusoidea) is the larval food plant. Eggs are laid singly or in pairs on the bottom side of host plant leaves. The duration of the egg, larval, and pupal stages, combined, is 99-107 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harold F. Greeney
- Yanayacu Biological Station & Center for Creative Studies, Cosanga, Ecuador c/o 721 Foch y Amazonas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Tomasz W. Pyrcz
- Zoological Museum of the Jagiellonian University, lngardena 6, 30–060 Kraków, Poland
| | - Philip J. DeVries
- University of New Orleans, Department of Biological Sciences, New Orleans, LA 70148
| | - Lee A. Dyer
- Biology Department, University of Nevada; Reno, Nevada
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Abstract
Butterflies of the genus Redonda Adams & Bernard (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) are endemic to the Andes of Venezuela. They comprise a monophyletic group of five allopatric taxa, females of which show various degrees of wing reduction and ability to fly. The female of Redonda bordoni Viloria & Pyrcz sp. nov. appears to be brachypterous and incapable of sustained flight, a phenomenon previously unknown within the Rhopalocera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel L Viloria
- Department of Entomology, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK.
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