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Cianciarullo AM, Bonini-Domingos CR, Vizotto LD, Kobashi LS, Beçak ML, Beçak W. Whole-genome duplication and hemoglobin differentiation traits between allopatric populations of Brazilian Odontophrynus americanus species complex (Amphibia, Anura). Genet Mol Biol 2019; 42:436-444. [PMID: 31259358 PMCID: PMC6726162 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2017-0260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Two allopatric populations of Brazilian diploid and tetraploid
Odontophrynus americanus species complex, both from São
Paulo state, had their blood hemoglobin biochemically analyzed. In addition,
these specimens were cytogenetically characterized. Biochemical characterization
of hemoglobin expression showed a distinct banding pattern between the
allopatric specimens. Besides this, two distinct phenotypes, not linked to
ploidy, sex, or age, were observed in adult animals of both populations.
Phenotype A exhibits dark-colored body with small papillae, ogival-shaped jaw
with reduced interpupillary distance and shorter hind limbs. Phenotype B shows
yellowish-colored body with larger papillae, arch-shaped jaw with broader
interpupillary distance and longer hind limbs. Intermediate phenotypes were also
found. Considering the geographical isolation of both populations, differences
in chromosomal secondary constrictions and distinct hemoglobins banding
patterns, these data indicate that 2n and 4n populations represent cryptic
species in the O. americanus species complex. The observed
phenotypic diversity can be interpreted as population genetic variability.
Eventually future data may indicate a probable beginning of speciation in these
Brazilian frogs. Such inter- and intrapopulational differentiation/speciation
process indicates that O. americanus species complex taxonomy
deserves further evaluation by genomics and metabarcoding communities, also
considering the pattern of hemoglobin expression, in South American frogs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claudia R Bonini-Domingos
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Hemoglobins and Genetics of the Hematological Diseases, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Julio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz D Vizotto
- Department of Zoology, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Julio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Leonardo S Kobashi
- Laboratory of Ecology and Evolution, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Universidade Paulista (UNIP) São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Willy Beçak
- Laboratory of Genetics, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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2
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Módolo DG, Araldi RP, Mazzuchelli-de-Souza J, Pereira A, Pimenta DC, Zanphorlin LM, Beçak W, Menossi M, de Cassia Stocco R, de Carvalho RF. Integrated analysis of recombinant BPV-1 L1 protein for the production of a bovine papillomavirus VLP vaccine. Vaccine 2017; 35:1590-1593. [PMID: 28222997 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Bovine papillomatosis is an infectious disease that is caused by bovine papillomavirus (BPV), which results in important economic losses. However, no BPV vaccines or effective treatment methods are commercially available to date. Moreover, the absence of papillomavirus replication in vitro makes the use of recombinant protein a promising candidate for vaccine formulations. Hence, we developed an integrated study on the L1 capsid protein of BPV-1, obtained from a bacterial expression system, regarding its purification, biosafety, thermostability and immunogenicity. The results indicated an absence of genotoxicity of the purified recombinant L1 protein, β-sheet prevalence of secondary structure folding, protein stability under high temperatures as well as the presence of capsomeres and VLPs. In addition, preliminary experimental vaccination of calves showed the production of specific antibodies against BPV-1 L1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rodrigo Pinheiro Araldi
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação Interunidades em Biotecnologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICB), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jacqueline Mazzuchelli-de-Souza
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação Interunidades em Biotecnologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICB), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Letícia Maria Zanphorlin
- Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Willy Beçak
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Menossi
- Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Genética, Evolução e Bioagentes, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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3
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Araldi RP, Assaf SMR, Carvalho RFD, Carvalho MACRD, Souza JMD, Magnelli RF, Módolo DG, Roperto FP, Stocco RDC, Beçak W. Papillomaviruses: a systematic review. Genet Mol Biol 2017; 40:1-21. [PMID: 28212457 PMCID: PMC5409773 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2016-0128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decades, a group of viruses has received great attention due to its
relationship with cancer development and its wide distribution throughout the
vertebrates: the papillomaviruses. In this article, we aim to review some of the most
relevant reports concerning the use of bovines as an experimental model for studies
related to papillomaviruses. Moreover, the obtained data contributes to the
development of strategies against the clinical consequences of bovine
papillomaviruses (BPV) that have led to drastic hazards to the herds. To overcome the
problem, the vaccines that we have been developing involve recombinant DNA
technology, aiming at prophylactic and therapeutic procedures. It is important to
point out that these strategies can be used as models for innovative procedures
against HPV, as this virus is the main causal agent of cervical cancer, the second
most fatal cancer in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Pinheiro Araldi
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-graduação Interunidades em Biotecnologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICB), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Jacqueline Mazzuchelli de Souza
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-graduação Interunidades em Biotecnologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICB), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Roberta Fiusa Magnelli
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-graduação Interunidades em Biotecnologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICB), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Franco Peppino Roperto
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Produzioni Animali, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Campania, Italy
| | | | - Willy Beçak
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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4
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Araldi RP, Módolo DG, de Sá Júnior PL, Consonni SR, de Carvalho RF, Roperto FP, Beçak W, de Cassia Stocco R. Genetics and metabolic deregulation following cancer initiation: A world to explore. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 82:449-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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5
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Araldi RP, Melo TC, Neves AC, Spadacci-Morena DD, Magnelli RF, Modolo DG, de-Sá-Júnior PL, Mazucchelli-de-Souza J, Carvalho RF, Beçak W, Stocco RC. Hyperproliferative action of bovine papillomavirus: genetic and histopathological aspects. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:12942-54. [PMID: 26505447 DOI: 10.4238/2015.october.21.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The bovine papillomavirus (BPV) causes papillomas that regress spontaneously, but can also progress to malignancy. This study evaluated the role of BPV in oncogenesis. Twenty-four samples from uninfected calves and the papillomas of BPV infected cattle were subjected to molecular diagnosis, as well as histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses. The comet assay (CA) was used to evaluate the clastogenic potential of BPV. The results confirmed the presence of BPV-2, 3, 5, and 9 in infected samples. Histopathological analysis revealed acanthosis, koilocytosis, hypergranulosis, hyperkeratosis, and transformed fibroblasts.E7 and L1 BPV proteins were detected in the epithelium, as well as in the connective tissues, indicating productive infection at different sites. CA results showed that BPV-2, 5, and 9 exhibit the same level of clastogenicity. These findings support the oncogenic action of BPV in establishing a favorable microenvironment for oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P Araldi
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - T C Melo
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - A C Neves
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | | | - R F Magnelli
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - D G Modolo
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - P L de-Sá-Júnior
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | | | - R F Carvalho
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - W Beçak
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - R C Stocco
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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6
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Melo T, Araldi R, Pessoa N, de-Sá-Júnior P, Carvalho R, Beçak W, Stocco R. Bos taurus papillomavirus activity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells: demonstrating a productive infection. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:16712-27. [DOI: 10.4238/2015.december.11.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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7
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Peres A, Camarotti J, Cartaxo M, Alencar N, Stocco R, Beçak W, Pontes-Filho N, Araújo R, Lima-Filho J, Martins D. Molecular analysis and conventional cytology: association between HPV and bacterial vaginosis in the cervical abnormalities of a Brazilian population. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:9497-505. [DOI: 10.4238/2015.august.14.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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8
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Araldi RP, Giovanni DNS, Melo TC, Diniz N, Mazzuchelli-de-Souza J, Sant'Ana TA, Carvalho RF, Beçak W, Stocco RC. Bovine papillomavirus isolation by ultracentrifugation. J Virol Methods 2014; 208:119-24. [PMID: 25102429 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2014.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Revised: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The bovine papillomavirus (BPV) is the etiological agent of bovine papillomatosis, which causes significant economic losses to livestock, characterized by the presence of papillomas that regress spontaneously or persist and progress to malignancy. Currently, there are 13 types of BPVs described in the literature as well as 32 putative new types. This study aimed to isolate viral particles of BPV from skin papillomas, using a novel viral isolation method. The virus types were previously identified with new primers designed. 77 cutaneous papilloma samples of 27 animals, Simmental breed, were surgically removed. The DNA was extracted and subjected to PCR using Delta-Epsilon and Xi primers. The bands were purified and sequenced. The sequences were analyzed using software and compared to the GenBank database, by BLAST tool. The viral typing showed a prevalence of BPV-2 in 81.81% of samples. It was also detected the presence of the putative new virus type BR/UEL2 in one sample. Virus isolation was performed by ultracentrifugation in a single density of cesium chloride. The method of virus isolation is less laborious than those previously described, allowing the isolation of complete virus particles of BPV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P Araldi
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, Av. Vital Brasil, 1500, São Paulo 05503-900, SP, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação Interunidades em Biotecnologia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2415, Ed. ICB III, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo 05508-900, SP, Brazil.
| | - D N S Giovanni
- Programa de Pós-graduação Interunidades em Biotecnologia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2415, Ed. ICB III, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo 05508-900, SP, Brazil; Laboratório de Parasitologia, Instituto Butantan, Av. Vital Brasil, 1500, São Paulo 05503-900, SP, Brazil.
| | - T C Melo
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, Av. Vital Brasil, 1500, São Paulo 05503-900, SP, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Ed. Leitão da Cunha, R. Botucatu, 740, São Paulo 04023-900, SP, Brazil.
| | - N Diniz
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, Av. Vital Brasil, 1500, São Paulo 05503-900, SP, Brazil.
| | - J Mazzuchelli-de-Souza
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, Av. Vital Brasil, 1500, São Paulo 05503-900, SP, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação Interunidades em Biotecnologia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2415, Ed. ICB III, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo 05508-900, SP, Brazil.
| | - T A Sant'Ana
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, Av. Vital Brasil, 1500, São Paulo 05503-900, SP, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação Interunidades em Biotecnologia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2415, Ed. ICB III, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo 05508-900, SP, Brazil.
| | - R F Carvalho
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, Av. Vital Brasil, 1500, São Paulo 05503-900, SP, Brazil.
| | - W Beçak
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, Av. Vital Brasil, 1500, São Paulo 05503-900, SP, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana, Av. Silvio Américo Sasdelli, 1842, Vila A, Ed. Comercial Lorivo, Foz do Iguaçú 85866-000, PR, Brazil.
| | - R C Stocco
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, Av. Vital Brasil, 1500, São Paulo 05503-900, SP, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação Interunidades em Biotecnologia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2415, Ed. ICB III, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo 05508-900, SP, Brazil.
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9
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Araldi RP, Carvalho RF, Melo TC, Diniz NSP, Sant'Ana TA, Mazzuchelli-de-Souza J, Spadacci-Morena DD, Beçak W, Stocco RC. Bovine papillomavirus in beef cattle: first description of BPV-12 and putative type BAPV8 in Brazil. Genet Mol Res 2014; 13:5644-53. [PMID: 25117322 DOI: 10.4238/2014.july.25.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Bovine papillomavirus (BPV) is an oncogenic virus associated with benign and malignant lesions, which result in notable economic losses. Peripheral blood samples and cutaneous papillomas were obtained from four adult beef cattle. Viral molecular identification was performed using specific primers for BPV-1, -2 and -4 in blood diagnosis and FAP59/FAP64 for skin papillomas. Histopathologic examination was done as a complementary and differential diagnosis. The fragments were purified, sequenced, and compared using BLASTn. The blood diagnosis showed the presence of BPV-2 and the analysis of cutaneous papillomas showed the presence of BPV-4, a new putative virus type BAPV8, and BPV-12, revealing for the first time the presence of BPV-12 and the putative type BAPV8 in beef cattle in Brazil. The sequences were deposited in the GenBank. Histopathology revealed acanthosis, hyperkeratosis, and koilocytosis in all samples analyzed. The presence of BAPV8 and BPV-12 in Brazil emphasizes the ubiquitous dissemination of BPVs in the herds of Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P Araldi
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - R F Carvalho
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - T C Melo
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - N S P Diniz
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - T A Sant'Ana
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | | | | | - W Beçak
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - R C Stocco
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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10
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Melo TC, Carvalho RF, Mazzucchelli-de-Souza J, Diniz N, Vasconcelos S, Assaf SLMR, Araldi RP, Ruiz RM, Kerkis I, Beçak W, Stocco RC. Phylogenetic classification and clinical aspects of a new putative Deltapapillomavirus associated with skin lesions in cattle. Genet Mol Res 2014; 13:2458-69. [PMID: 24782000 DOI: 10.4238/2014.april.3.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Bovine papillomaviruses (BPVs) are recognized as causal agents of benign and malignant tumors in cattle. Thirteen types of BPVs have already been described and classified into 3 distinct genera. Divergences in the nucleotide sequence of the L1 gene are used to identify new viral types through the employment of PCR assays with degenerated primers. In the present study, a method for identifying BPVs based on PCR-RFLP and DNA sequencing allowed the identification of a new putative Deltapapillomavirus, designated JN/3SP (JQ280500.1). The analysis of the L1 gene showed that this strain was most closely related to the BPVs -1, -2, -13 , and OaPV1 (71-73% genetic similarity). In this study, we describe the detection of this new putative Deltapapillomavirus type and verify its phylogenetic position within the genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- T C Melo
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - R F Carvalho
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | | | - N Diniz
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - S Vasconcelos
- Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - S L M R Assaf
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - R P Araldi
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - R M Ruiz
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - I Kerkis
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - W Beçak
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - R C Stocco
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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11
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Sana DEM, Mayrink de Miranda P, Pitol BCV, Moran MS, Silva NNT, Guerreiro da Silva IDC, de Cássia Stocco R, Beçak W, Lima AA, Carneiro CM. Morphometric evaluation and nonclassical criteria for the diagnosis of HPV infection and cytological atypia in cervical samples. Diagn Cytopathol 2013; 41:785-92. [DOI: 10.1002/dc.22955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2011] [Revised: 09/27/2012] [Accepted: 01/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dandara Emery Morais Sana
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas; Escola de Farmácia; Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP); Ouro Preto; MG; Brasil
| | | | - Bruna Caroline Vieira Pitol
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas; Escola de Farmácia; Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP); Ouro Preto; MG; Brasil
| | - Mariana Soares Moran
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas; Escola de Farmácia; Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP); Ouro Preto; MG; Brasil
| | - Nayara Nascimento Toledo Silva
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas; Escola de Farmácia; Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP); Ouro Preto; MG; Brasil
| | | | | | - Willy Beçak
- Laboratório de Genética; Instituto Butantan; São Paulo; SP; Brasil
| | - Angélica Alves Lima
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas; Escola de Farmácia; Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP); Ouro Preto; MG; Brasil
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12
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Miranda PM, Pitol BCV, Moran MS, Silva NNT, Felix PM, Lima-Filho JL, Carneiro CM, Silva IDCG, Carvalho RF, Lima AA, Beçak W, Stocco RC. Human papillomavirus infection in Brazilian women with normal cervical cytology. Genet Mol Res 2012; 11:1752-61. [PMID: 22843052 DOI: 10.4238/2012.june.29.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
We examined the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in a sample of Brazilian women presenting normal cervical cytology. Possible interactions between patient characteristics and HPV infection were analyzed in order to provide background data to improve cervical cancer screening and prophylaxis. Cervical samples of 399 women, received for routine evaluation in the Health Department of Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil, were subjected to HPV-DNA testing by PCR with MY09/11 primers. HPV-positive specimens were typed by RFLP. A structured epidemiological questionnaire was administered to each woman. HPV prevalence among these cytologically normal women was 11%. Twelve viral types were detected, the most common being HPV-16, -6, -61, -83, and -66. HPV was more prevalent in younger women; high-risk viral types were detected in 61% of the infected women and 27% of the infected women had multiple HPV infections. Significant associations of HPV infection were found with age, literacy, residence, marital status, lifetime number of sexual partners, and parity. We detected a great diversity of HPV types in women with normal cytology. This kind of information about local populations is useful for HPV prevention and vaccination strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Miranda
- Laboratório de Genética, Departamento de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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Baldez da Silva M, Guimarães V, Silva M, Medeiros do Amaral C, Beçak W, Stocco R, Freitas A, Crovella S. Frequency of human papillomavirus types 16, 18, 31, and 33 and sites of cervical lesions in gynecological patients from Recife, Brazil. Genet Mol Res 2012; 11:462-6. [DOI: 10.4238/2012.march.1.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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14
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Jesus A, Mariz F, Souza H, Cordeiro M, Coimbra E, Leitão M, Nascimento L, Stocco R, Beçak W, Freitas A. Expression of the bovine papillomavirus type 1, 2 and 4 L1 genes in the yeast Pichia pastoris. Genet Mol Res 2012; 11:2598-607. [DOI: 10.4238/2012.july.19.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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15
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Coimbra EC, Gomes FB, Campos JF, D'arc M, Carvalho JC, Mariz FC, Jesus ALS, Stocco RC, Beçak W, Freitas AC. Production of L1 protein from different types of HPV in Pichia pastoris using an integrative vector. Braz J Med Biol Res 2011; 44:1209-14. [PMID: 22030867 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2011007500141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2011] [Accepted: 10/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the most common sexually transmitted disease in the world and is related to the etiology of cervical cancer. The most common high-risk HPV types are 16 and 18; however, the second most prevalent type in the Midwestern region of Brazil is HPV-33. New vaccine strategies against HPV have shown that virus-like particles (VLP) of the major capsid protein (L1) induce efficient production of antibodies, which confer protection against the same viral type. The methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris is an efficient and inexpensive expression system for the production of high levels of heterologous proteins stably using a wild-type gene in combination with an integrative vector. It was recently demonstrated that P. pastoris can produce the HPV-16 L1 protein by using an episomal vector associated with the optimized L1 gene. However, the use of an episomal vector is not appropriate for protein production on an industrial scale. In the present study, the vectors were integrated into the Pichia genome and the results were positive for L1 gene transcription and protein production, both intracellularly and in the extracellular environment. Despite the great potential for expression by the P. pastoris system, our results suggest a low yield of L1 recombinant protein, which, however, does not make this system unworkable. The achievement of stable clones containing the expression cassettes integrated in the genome may permit optimizations that could enable the establishment of a platform for the production of VLP-based vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- E C Coimbra
- Laboratório de Estudos Moleculares e Terapia Experimental, Departamento de Genética, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil
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16
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Melo TC, Diniz N, Campos SRC, Ferraz OP, Lindsey CJ, Rieger TT, Beçak W, Stocco RC. Cytogenetic studies in peripheral blood of bovines afflicted by papillomatosis. Vet Comp Oncol 2011; 9:269-74. [PMID: 22077407 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5829.2011.00263.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ten types of bovine papillomavirus (BPV) have been described and there are reports of viral transmission via blood. The presence of viral DNA in lymphocytes was described to be associated with chromosome instability in these cells. This study presents an evaluation of chromosome instability in short-term peripheral lymphocyte cultures from cows presenting skin papillomatosis, compared with asymptomatic infected animals and non-infected healthy bovines. In a total of 2203 cells, 918 (42%) showed at least one chromosome aberration: 42.7 (± 7.8) in animals with papillomatosis (BPV + W), 40.2 (± 11) in asymptomatic animals (BPV-W) and 4 (± 2) in control animals. Significant differences were found between the infected group (with or without symptoms) and the control group (P < 0.0001). The increased frequencies of chromosome aberrations suggest an interaction between the virus and host cell chromatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- T C Melo
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
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17
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França CE, Vicari CF, Piza AM, Geroldo EA, Beçak ML, Beçak W, Stocco RC, Lindsey CJ. The kinin B(2) receptor gene structure, product processing and expression in adult and fetal rats: evidence for gene evolution. Genet Mol Res 2010; 9:215-30. [PMID: 20198577 DOI: 10.4238/vol9-1gmr681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
We examined the structure of the rat kinin B2 receptor gene (KB2r) and encoding messenger RNA (mRNA) processing. Differently from the closely related mouse and rabbit genes that have three exons and two introns, the rat gene purportedly consists of four exons and three introns. There are two purported gene products; one of them contains an upstream approximately 180-bp open reading frame region ("exon-X") potentially expressed as a result of alternative processing. To examine the processing of rat KB2r mRNA, cDNA amplicons were generated using primer pairs directed towards 5' or 3' exon or intron flanking regions. Analyses of intron/exon primary cDNA amplicons showed that introns 1 to 3 are removed sequentially and that "exon-X" removal follows that of intron-3. No evidence was found for "exon-X" expression in polyadenylated (mature) mRNA of adult Wistar, Wistar Kyoto, spontaneously hypertensive or Sprague-Dawley rat tissues. Nor was "exon-X" detected in tissues subject to inflammatory stimulus expressing B1 kinin receptor mRNA or in 1- to 21-day-old rat embryos or fetuses. The lack of evidence for the expression of "exon-X" in mature mRNA indicates that the structure of the rat gene is similar to that of the mouse, rabbit and human genes, all consisting of three exons and two introns. The "exon-X" fragment may result from interstitial gene duplication, be a fragment of the ancestral gene, or most likely heterologous transposon insertion of an exon-like fragment into intron-2 of the KB2r gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- C E França
- Departamento de Biofísica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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18
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Campos SRC, Trindade C, Ferraz OP, Giovanni DNS, Lima AA, Caetano HVA, Carvalho RF, Birgel EH, Dagli MLZ, Mori E, Brandão PE, Richtzenhain LJ, Beçak W, Stocco RC. Can established cultured papilloma cells harbor bovine papillomavirus? Genet Mol Res 2008; 7:1119-26. [PMID: 19048490 DOI: 10.4238/vol7-4gmr498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Papillomaviruses have been reported to be very difficult to grow in cell culture. Also, there are no descriptions of cell cultures from lesions of bovine cutaneous papillomatosis, with identification of different bovine papilloma virus (BPV) DNA sequences. In the present report, we describe primary cell cultures from samples of cutaneous lesions (warts). We investigated the simultaneous presence of different BPV DNA sequences, comparing the original lesion to different passages of the cell cultures and to peripheral blood. BPV 1, 2 and 4 DNA sequences were found in lesion samples, and respective cell cultures and peripheral blood, supporting our previous hypothesis of the possible activity of these sequences in different samples and now also showing how they can be maintained in different passages of cell cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R C Campos
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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19
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Yaguiu A, Dagli MLZ, Birgel EH, Alves Reis BCA, Ferraz OP, Pituco EM, Freitas AC, Beçak W, Stocco RC. Simultaneous presence of bovine papillomavirus and bovine leukemia virus in different bovine tissues: in situ hybridization and cytogenetic analysis. Genet Mol Res 2008; 7:487-97. [PMID: 18561382 DOI: 10.4238/vol7-2gmr436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Bovine papillomavirus (BPV) DNA sequences were detected in different tissues, in addition to epithelium. Cytogenetic abnormalities were observed in blood lymphocytes. The presence of more than one virus in a single tissue is a difficult aspect to evaluate, especially when the DNA sequences are detected in tissues that are not specifically targeted by the virus. BPV and bovine leukemia virus (BLV) are clastogenic, causing chromosome aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes. In the present study, we investigated the simultaneous presence of DNA sequences of both viruses and the possibility of vertical transmission and compared the types of chromosome aberrations related to viral action. BPV 1, 2, and 4 DNA sequences were found in three females of the herd and in their offspring. BLV DNA sequences were not detected in their progeny. A newborn calf that was negative for BLV infection showed specific chromosome rearrangements possibly related to the effect of infection with BPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Yaguiu
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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20
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Beçak W, Beçak M, Nazareth H. Karyotypic Studies of two Species of South American Snakes ( Boa constrictor amarali and Bothrops jararaca). Cytogenet Genome Res 2008. [DOI: 10.1159/000129740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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21
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Góes LGB, de Freitas AC, Ferraz OP, Rieger TT, Dos Santos JF, Pereira A, Beçak W, Lindsey CJ, de Cassia Stocco R. Bovine papillomavirus type 4 L1 gene transfection in a Drosophila S2 cell expression system: absence of L1 protein expression. Braz J Microbiol 2008; 39:1-4. [PMID: 24031166 PMCID: PMC3768373 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-83822008000100001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2006] [Revised: 05/31/2007] [Accepted: 01/23/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of a bovine papillomavirus (BPV) vaccine is an outstanding challenge. BPV protein L1 gene transfection in the Drosophila melanogaster S2 cell expression system failed to produce L1 protein notwithstanding correct L1 gene insertion. Severe genetic inbalance in the host cell line, including cytogenetic alterations, may account for the lack of protein expression.
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22
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de Almeida TMB, Leitão RC, Andrade JD, Beçak W, Carrilho FJ, Sonohara S. Detection of micronuclei formation and nuclear anomalies in regenerative nodules of human cirrhotic livers and relationship to hepatocellular carcinoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 150:16-21. [PMID: 15041218 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2003.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2003] [Revised: 08/05/2003] [Accepted: 08/05/2003] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Human cirrhosis is considered an important factor in hepatocarcinogenesis. The lack of substantial genetics and cytogenetics data in human cirrhosis led us to investigate spontaneous micronuclei formation, as an indicator of chromosomal damage. The analysis was performed in hepatocytes of regenerative, macroregenerative, and tumoral nodules from 30 cases of cirrhosis (paraffin-embedded archival material), retrospectively selected: cryptogenic, hepatitis C virus, and hepatitis C virus associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Thirteen control liver samples of healthy organ donors were included. Micronucleated hepatocytes were analyzed with Feulgen-fast-green dyeing techniques. The spontaneous frequency of micronucleated hepatocytes in both regenerative and macroregenerative nodules of all cirrhotic patients was significantly higher than for the normal control group. There was no significant difference in frequency of micronucleated hepatocytes in regenerative nodules compared with macroregenerative nodules for all cases analyzed, whereas a significantly higher frequency of micronucleated hepatocytes was detected in tumoral nodules, compared with cirrhotic regenerative nodules and normal parenchyma. A higher frequency of the nuclear anomalies termed broken-eggs was observed in hepatitis C virus-related samples. Chromatinic losses and genotoxicity already existed in the cirrhotic regenerative nodules, which might predispose to development of HCC.
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23
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Cianciarullo AM, Bertho AL, Soares MJ, Hosoda TM, Nogueira-Silva S, Beçak W. Haemoglobin biosynthesis site in rabbit embryo erythroid cells. Cell Biol Int 2004; 27:747-53. [PMID: 12972280 DOI: 10.1016/s1065-6995(03)00157-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Properly metabolized globin synthesis and iron uptake are indispensable for erythroid cell differentiation and maturation. Mitochondrial participation is crucial in the process of haeme synthesis for cytochromes and haemoglobin. We studied the final biosynthesis site of haemoglobin using an ultrastructural approach, with erythroid cells obtained from rabbit embryos, in order to compare these results with those of animals treated with saponine or phenylhydrazine. Our results are similar to those obtained in assays with adult mammals, birds, amphibians, reptiles and fish, after induction of haemolytic anaemia. Therefore, the treatment did not interfere with the process studied, confirming our previous findings. Immunoelectron microscopy showed no labelling of mitochondria or other cellular organelles supposedly involved in the final biosynthesis of haemoglobin molecules, suggesting instead that it occurs free in the cytoplasm immediately after the liberation of haeme from the mitochondria, by electrostatic attraction between haeme and globin chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurora M Cianciarullo
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, Avenida Vital Brazil 1500, 05503-900 São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
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24
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Freitas ACD, Carvalho CD, Brunner O, Birgel-Junior EH, Dellalibera AMMP, Benesi FJ, Gregory L, Beçak W, Santos RDCSD. Viral DNA sequences in peripheral blood and vertical transmission of the virus: a discussion about BPV-1. Braz J Microbiol 2003. [DOI: 10.1590/s1517-83822003000500026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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25
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Carvalho CD, Freitas ACD, Brunner O, Góes LGB, Cavalcante AY, Beçak W, Santos RDCSD. Bovine papillomavirus type 2 in reproductive tract and gametes of slaughtered bovine females. Braz J Microbiol 2003. [DOI: 10.1590/s1517-83822003000500028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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26
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Abstract
The positioning of macrochromosomes of Bothrops jararaca and Bothrops insularis (Viperidae) was studied in undistorted radial metaphases of uncultured cells (spermatogonia and oogonia) not subjected to spindle inhibitors. Colchicinized metaphases from uncultured (spleen and intestine) and cultured tissues (blood) were also analyzed. We report two antagonic non-random chromosome arrangements in untreated premeiotic cells: the parallel configuration with homologue chromosomes associated side by side in the metaphase plate and the antiparallel configuration having homologue chromosomes with antipolar distribution in the metaphase ring. The antiparallel aspect also appeared in colchicinized cells. The spatial chromosome arrangement in both configurations is groupal size-dependent and maintained through meiosis. We also describe, in untreated gonia cells, endomitosis followed by reductional mitosis which restores the diploid number. In B. jararaca males we observed that some gonad regions present changes in the meiotic mechanism. In this case, endoreduplicated cells segregate the diplochromosomes to opposite poles forming directly endoreduplicated second metaphases of meiosis with the suppression of first meiosis. By a successive division, these cells form nuclei with one set of chromosomes. Chromosome doubling in oogonia is known in hybrid species and in parthenogenetic salamanders and lizards. This species also presented chromosome rearrangements leading to aneuploidies in mitosis and meiosis. It is suggested that somatic pairing, endomitosis, meiotic alterations, and chromosomal aberrations can be correlated processes. Similar aspects of nuclei configurations, endomitosis and reductional mitosis were found in other Viperidae and Colubridae species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Luiza Beçak
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, 05503-900, Brasil.
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27
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Stocco dos Santos RC, Castro NHC, Lillia Holmes A, Beçak W, Tackels-Horne D, Lindsey CJ, Lubs HA, Stevenson RE, Schwartz CE. Stocco dos Santos X-linked mental retardation syndrome: clinical elucidation and localization to Xp11.3-Xq21.3. Am J Med Genet A 2003; 118A:255-9. [PMID: 12673656 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.20021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Mental retardation (MR) affects an estimated 2-3% of the population. A considerable fraction of mental retardation is due to X-linked genes. Of these genes, about 136 are responsible for syndromic X-linked MR (XLMR). One such XLMR syndrome, Stocco dos Santos, was first described in 1991. This family was re-visited, which allowed further delineation of the clinical phenotype. Additionally, linkage analysis was conducted, which resulted in the localization of this XLMR syndrome to the pericentric region, Xp11.3 to Xq21.1, with a maximum LOD score of 3.14 at loci AR and DXS983.
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28
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Castro NHC, dos Santos RCS, Nelson R, Beçak W, Hane B, Lindsey CJ, Lubs HA, Stevenson RE, Schwartz CE. Shashi XLMR syndrome: report of a second family. Am J Med Genet A 2003; 118A:49-51. [PMID: 12605440 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.10888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This report describes a family with mental retardation in two brothers. The pedigree is consistent with either X-linked mental retardation or autosomal recessive inheritance. The clinical features consist of coarse face, prominent lower lip, large testes, and obesity. This same constellation of findings was observed in a family with X-linked mental retardation (XLMR) reported by Shashi et al. [2000: Am J Hum Genet 66:469-479]. Furthermore, haplotype analysis was consistent with localization of the Shashi XLMR syndrome in Xq26-q27. Thus, the family likely represents a second occurrence of the Shashi XLMR syndrome.
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29
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Mancini DAP, Cianciarullo AM, Mendonça RZ, Dias ALF, Pinto JR, Beçak W. Antigenic homology between two strains of A-Influenza virus by serological tests and visualization of antigen-antibody complex by electron microscopy. VR&R 2002. [DOI: 10.17525/vrrjournal.v7i1.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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30
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31
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Abstract
Polyploidy is an important mechanism of evolution in lower vertebrates, resulting in gene duplication and loci duplication evolving to diploidization. In polyploid anurans DNA is increased, but RNA and protein synthesis is kept at the same levels as in their diploid counterparts. Recent cytogenetic findings in Odontophrynus americanus show: (1) amphiplasty and asynchrony of the cell division cycle in 4n and (2) intra- and interindividual alterations of chromosome 4 morphology in 4n and 2n through breaks at secondary constrictions and at/or around the centromeres, followed by the appearance of changes of centromeres position, dicentrics, bisatellited chromosomes, precocious sister-chromatid segregation, and loss or unequal segregation of the chromosomes. This genome instability suggests the presence of chromosomal aberrations with chromodomain alterations at the centromeres affecting the mechanisms ensuring normal segregation of the chromatids in anaphase of mitosis and meiosis. Cell division asynchrony and chromosome abnormalities, novel findings in polyploids, are discussed respectively in function of gene activity and putative translocations producing polymorphisms in nucleolus organizers and secondary constrictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Beçak
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil.
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32
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Cianciarullo AM, Naoum PC, Bertho ÁL, Kobashi LS, Beçak W, Soares MJ. Aspects of gene regulation in the diploid and tetraploid Odontophrynus americanus (Amphibia, Anura, Leptodactylidae). Genet Mol Biol 2000. [DOI: 10.1590/s1415-47572000000200020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Erythropoietic and hemoglobin DNA transcriptional activities were analyzed in the diploid and the tetraploid Odontophrynus americanus. Flow cytometric analyses of DNA, RNA and mitochondrial contents showed increased genic activity in both diploid and tetraploid animals during erythropoiesis in vivo elicited by pretreatment phenylhydrazine. Generally, higher values were seen in immature tetraploid erythroid cells. On the 10th day of recovery from anemia, large amounts of messenger RNA were found in both specimens. Based on the mitochondrial content, the tetraploid cells had more intense energy metabolism than the diploid cells. Diploid O. americanus had about three times more erythroid cells than tetraploid specimens, indicating that there were differences in the regulatory mechanisms of erythroid cells. Hematological parameters showed that tetraploid cells had 30% more hemoglobin than the diploid, suggesting a regulatory mechanism of hemoglobin synthesis at the transcriptional level. Cytoplasmic inclusions resembling Heinz bodies were found in both types of cells. In the tetraploid cells they were previously found associated with RNA or RNP, suggesting that other regulatory system which controls the accumulation of nontranslated RNA transcribed in excess must be present. These differences at the physiological and molecular levels during erythropoiesis reinforce the hypothesis that speciation is occurring between diploid and tetraploid O. americanus.
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33
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Abstract
During the past 25 years, several studies have attempted to determine the site of integration of the heme and the four globin chains in vertebrate erythroid cells that is important in the formation of the hemoglobin molecule. Mitochondrion-like organelles or hemosomes were pointed out as responsible for this task. We performed several experiments to investigate this hypothesis. The intracellular distribution of hemoglobin in amphibian erythroid cells was detected by post-embedding immuno-electron microscopy, using a polyclonal anti-human hemoglobin-proteinA-gold complex. Hemoglobin mapping showed an intense labeling in the cell cytoplasm, but none in cytoplasmic structures such as endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, mitochondrion-like organelles, Golgi complex, ribosomes or ferruginous inclusions. The mitochondrial fraction obtained according to the protocol described for some authors, showed by ultrastructural examination that this fraction has a heterogeneous content, also composed by microvesicles rich in cytoplasmic hemoglobin, an artifact generated by mechanical action during cell fractionation. Thus, when this fraction is lysed and its content submitted to electrophoresis, hemoglobin bands would be found inevitably, causing false-positive results, erroneously attributed to hemoglobin content of mitochondrion-like organelles. Our data do not confirm the hypothesis that the final hemoglobin biosynthesis occurs inside mitochondrion-like organelles. They suggest that the hemoglobin molecule be assembled in the erythrocyte cytoplasm outside of mitochondria or hemosomes.
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34
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Belizário JE, Sherwood S, Beçak W. Induction of apoptosis in cancer cells by tumor necrosis factor and butyrolactone, an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases. Braz J Med Biol Res 1999; 32:473-82. [PMID: 10347813 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x1999000400016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Induction of apoptosis by tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is modulated by changes in the expression and activity of several cell cycle regulatory proteins. We examined the effects of TNF (1-100 ng/ml) and butyrolactone I (100 microM), a specific inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) with high selectivity for CDK-1 and CDK-2, on three different cancer cell lines: WEHI, L929 and HeLa S3. Both compounds blocked cell growth, but only TNF induced the common events of apoptosis, i.e., chromatin condensation and ladder pattern of DNA fragmentation in these cell lines. The TNF-induced apoptosis events were increased in the presence of butyrolactone. In vitro phosphorylation assays for exogenous histone H1 and endogenous retinoblastoma protein (pRb) in the total cell lysates showed that treatment with both TNF and butyrolactone inhibited the histone H1 kinase (WEHI, L929 and HeLa) and pRb kinase (WEHI) activities of CDKs, as compared with the controls. The role of proteases in the TNF and butyrolactone-induced apoptosis was evaluated by comparing the number and expression of polypeptides in the cell lysates by gel electrophoresis. TNF and butyrolactone treatment caused the disappearance of several cellular protein bands in the region between 40-200 kDa, and the 110-90- and 50-kDa proteins were identified as the major substrates, whose degradation was remarkably increased by the treatments. Interestingly, the loss of several cellular protein bands was associated with the marked accumulation of two proteins apparently of 60 and 70 kDa, which may be cleavage products of one or more proteins. These findings link the decrease of cyclin-dependent kinase activities to the increase of protease activities within the growth arrest and apoptosis pathways induced by TNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Belizário
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brasil.
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35
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Stocco dos Santos RC, Lindsey CJ, Ferraz OP, Pinto JR, Mirandola RS, Benesi FJ, Birgel EH, Pereira CA, Beçak W. Bovine papillomavirus transmission and chromosomal aberrations: an experimental model. J Gen Virol 1998; 79 ( Pt 9):2127-35. [PMID: 9747721 DOI: 10.1099/0022-1317-79-9-2127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzootic haematuria and urinary bladder cancer in cattle are associated with feeding on bracken fern and bovine papillomavirus (BPV) infection. An increased rate of chromosomal aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes from chronically affected haematuric cows raised in bracken fern pastures has been reported, suggesting the presence of BPV in the peripheral blood of afflicted animals. The purpose of the present investigation was to examine the role of peripheral blood as a potential BPV-transmitting agent and search for clastogenic effects in experimentally infected animals kept on a bracken fern-free diet. Healthy cows were inoculated with blood samples of haematuric animals every two weeks for 18 months. Recipient cows, their offspring, donor animals and a control group were kept on a bracken fern-free diet throughout the experiment. Clinical and molecular analyses for detection of BPV infection were carried out periodically in all groups. Short-term lymphocyte cultures were performed to assess chromosomal aberration levels. The donor cows, the recipient cows and their offspring presented increased levels of chromosomal aberrations. BPV-2 DNA was identified by Southern blotting, PCR and cycle-sequencing of PCR products in peripheral blood of donor and recipient animals and in the progeny of recipient animals. Data support both the concept that BPV can be transmitted through blood and the hypothesis that infection with the virus causes the clastogenic alterations observed in the present experimental model. The presence of BPV-2 DNA and chromosomal alterations in peripheral blood of offspring at the moment of birth is evidence for vertical transmission of BPV.
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36
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Mendonça RZ, Ioshimoto LM, Mendonça RM, De-Franco M, Valentini EJ, Beçak W, Raw I, Pereira CA. Preparation of human rabies vaccine in VERO cell culture using a microcarrier system. Braz J Med Biol Res 1993; 26:1305-17. [PMID: 8136732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
1. The rabies virus (Pasteur PV strain) was propagated in VERO cells attached to microcarriers in a 3.7-1 bioreactor. Virus titers of about 10(6) LD50/ml were obtained regularly. 2. Ultrafiltration was efficient for concentrating the virus suspensions, and the sucrose gradient reduced the residual VERO cell DNA to acceptable levels (less than 50 pg/dose). The remaining cell DNA content was evaluated by dot-blot hybridization with a probe prepared with VERO cell DNA. 3. The final virus preparations were inactivated by B-propiolactone treatment, showed a potency higher than 2.5 IU/dose and protected mice experimentally infected intracerebrally with rabies virus (CVS-13.2). 4. This methodology for the production of a rabies vaccine for human use should be of interest to countries where high technology facilities are not available.
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37
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Abstract
The influence of beta-carotene on the clastogenicity of the indirect-acting mutagen cyclophosphamide (CPA) was investigated in mice, in vivo, for the induction of chromosome aberrations in bone marrow cells (BM). beta-Carotene (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 5.0, 10, 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) was administered by gavage for 5 consecutive days. 4 h after the last treatment with beta-carotene, the mice were injected intraperitoneally with CPA, and the BM cells were fixed after 16, 24 and 32 h for the evaluation of the frequency of chromosome aberrations. The results showed that beta-carotene was effective in reducing chromosomal damage induced by CPA with the increase of its concentration up to a level after which this effect was not observed. This anticlastogenicity was better detected when the cells were fixed at 32 h, although a tendency in reducing the CPA clastogenicity was already observed at 16 and 24 h. Our results suggest that beta-carotene provides significant protection against the genotoxicity of CPA, although no dose-effect relationship on the frequencies of cells with chromosomal aberrations was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Salvadori
- Laboratório de Toxicologia e Genética Toxicológica, Escola de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Ondina, Salvador, Brazil
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38
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dos Santos RC, Barretto OC, Nonoyama K, Castro NH, Ferraz OP, Walter-Moura J, Vescio CC, Beçak W. X-linked syndrome: mental retardation, hip luxation, and G6PD variant [Gd(+) Butantan]. Am J Med Genet 1991; 39:133-6. [PMID: 2063914 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320390204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
An apparently new X-linked syndrome is presented. It occurred in four male first cousins. The main manifestations of this syndrome are severe mental retardation, bilateral congenital hip luxation, and short stature. Three of the affected males showed a new glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C dos Santos
- Serviço de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brasil
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39
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Moura JW, Stocco dos Santos RC, Dagli ML, D'Angelino JL, Birgel EH, Beçak W. Chromosome aberrations in cattle raised on bracken fern pasture. Experientia 1988; 44:785-8. [PMID: 2843400 DOI: 10.1007/bf01959166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Thirteen cows maintained on natural bracken fern (Pteridium aquilinum) were analyzed cytogenetically. The frequency of structural chromosome aberrations detected in peripheral blood cells was significantly higher when compared to that detected in animals raised on pasture containing no bracken fern. We discuss the clastogenic action of fern and its synergistic action with infection by type 2 and 4 papilloma virus in the same animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Moura
- Serviço de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
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40
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Castro NH, Walter J, dos Santos RDC, D'Angelino JL, Benesi F, Birgel EH, Beçak W. Cytogenetic study of cattle affected by persistent lymphocytosis. Zentralbl Veterinarmed A 1988; 35:380-4. [PMID: 2844037 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0442.1988.tb00047.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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41
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Abstract
Male mice dermally exposed to single or multiple treatment (5 days/2 weeks) showed that the ability of malathion to induce chromosome aberrations in somatic (bone marrow) and germ cells (primary spermatocytes) was related to the type of treatment and dose used. Statistically significant increases of chromosome aberrations in bone marrow cells occurred after single treatment (500 and 2000 mg/kg body wt) when chromatid gaps were included and after multiple treatment (250 and 500 mg/kg) when they were excluded. No dose-response relationships were observed for either treatment. In germ cells, malathion induced a significant increase of univalents in both types of treatment but structural chromosome aberrations were induced only by multiple treatment. Malathion induced a significant decrease of the mitotic indices in the bone marrow.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Salvadori
- Serviço de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brasil
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42
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Abstract
Female mice reject skin grafts from intrastrain males because of the H-Y transplantation antigen. Those females produce antibodies that recognize a male-specific cell-surface antigen in serological tests. The serological antigen has also been called 'H-Y', but there is evidence that the two antigens are distinct. We therefore refer to the transplantation antigen as H-Yt, or transplantation H-Y, and to the serological antigen as serological H-Y, or simply H-Y, without prejudice whether these are the same or related or separate antigens. In this study, sex-specific expression of serological H-Y antigen was found in 25 new vertebrate species representing each of seven major vertebrate classes. There was a strong correlation between expression of H-Y and occurrence of the heterogametic-type gonad, although unusual patterns of H-Y expression were noted in cases of temperature-influenced sex determination and in systems representing possible transition from one mode of heterogamety to the other. Male and female heterogamety are found side-by-side in certain freshwater toothed carps; and distinct sex chromosomes have been recognized in certain amphibians, even though they are not apparent in certain reptiles and primitive birds. In seven ophidian species, in which the female is the heterogametic sex, H-Y was detected in the female; and in three species of Ranidae in which the male is heterogametic, it was detected in the male. In three species of cartilaginous fish and in one of the cyclostomes, in which heterogamety has not been ascertained, H-Y was detected in the male, suggesting that those primitive fishes are male-heterogametic. Evidently, then, heterogamety and sex-chromosome heteromorphism are polyphyletic, although certain sex-determining genes may be held in common among the diverse taxonomic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Nakamura
- Center for Reproductive Biology, Spring Creek Ranch, Collierville, Tennessee 38017
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43
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Abstract
Inhaled ethylene oxide induced an increased frequency of abnormal sperm cells in mice when the animals were treated at 200 and 400 ppm (6 h per day; 5 days) in three stages of cell development: spermatozoa, spermatid and preleptotene spermatogonial cells. These results suggest that sperm head morphology changes can be induced by interference of ethylene oxide with spermatogenesis, which, depending on the stage of the treated germ cells, may be correlated with the mutagenic potential of this chemical agent.
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44
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Ribeiro LR, Rabello-Gay MN, Salvadori DM, Pereira CA, Beçak W. Cytogenetic effects of inhaled ethylene oxide in somatic and germ cells of mice. Arch Toxicol 1987; 59:332-5. [PMID: 3579597 DOI: 10.1007/bf00295085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The induction of cytogenetic effects by inhalation of ethylene oxide was tested in bone marrow cells and primary spermatocytes at diakinesis-metaphase I cells from mouse after a single treatment (6 h/1 day) at 0, 200, 400 and 600 ppm, and multiple treatment (6 h/5 days/2 weeks) at 0, 200 and 400 ppm. Ethylene oxide induced chromosomal aberrations in both somatic as well as in germ cells of mice. In the single treatment the response observed for germ cells was not equivalent to that observed for somatic cells. In the latter there was a greater sensibility for bone marrow cells. With multiple treatment the effects on the chromosomes were equivalent in somatic and in germ cells.
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45
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Almeida TM, da Silva LC, Almeida VF, Beçak W. Study of the in vitro cell proliferation of lymphocytes from Manson's schistosomiasis patients treated with praziquantel. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 1987; 82 Suppl 4:243. [PMID: 3151098 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02761987000800046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T M Almeida
- Serviço de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brasil
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46
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Winter CE, Floeter-Winter LM, Affonso MH, Ioshimoto LM, Beçak W. Yolk proteins and their plasmatic precursor in the tetraploid Odontophrynus americanus (Amphibia, Anura). Comp Biochem Physiol B 1985; 82:515-24. [PMID: 4085212 DOI: 10.1016/0305-0491(85)90016-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The vitellogenin of Odontophrynus americanus is a large (426.5 kDa) plasmatic protein. The vitellogenin is composed of two different phosphoglycopeptides: VTG1 = 207.5 kDa and VTG2 = 202.4 kDa. The vitellins originating from the partial proteolysis of the plasmatic vitellogenin on the ovary cells are composed of lipovitellins and phosphoproteins. Lipovitellin 1 has two glycopeptides with different amino acid sequences as determined by peptide mapping (LV1 alpha, 104.6 kDa; and LV1 beta, 92.6 kDa). Lipovitellin 2 is composed of three kinds of polypeptides (LV2 alpha, 31.7 kDa; LV2 beta, 29.7 kDa; LV2 gamma, 27.8 kDa). There are three phosphopeptides in the yolk: phosvitin (PV, 37.4 kDa) and phosvettes 1 (PVT1, 27.7 kDa) and 2 (PVT2, 26.1 kDa).
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47
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Ruiz IRG, de Almeida TMB, Beçak W. Active nucleolar-organizer regions in polyploid populations of Odontophrynus americanus (Amphibia, Anura) from South Brasil. Genetica 1984. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00137462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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48
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49
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Abstract
When compared with non-exposed controls, a group of pesticide plant workers chronically exposed to methyl-parathion did not show an increased frequency of chromosome aberrations in lymphocyte cultures. Although methyl-parathion increased chromosome aberrations in cases of intoxication, a chronic exposure to small doses in the work place did not seem to produce the same effect.
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50
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Ruiz IR, Ceis JM, Beçak W. Chromosomal evolution in allopatric populations of the Odontophrynus occidentalis group (Amphibia, Anura) from western Argentina. Cytogenet Cell Genet 1982; 33:303-11. [PMID: 7172761 DOI: 10.1159/000131776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
A karyological study of some populations of the Odontophrynus occidentalis group (2n = 22) from Argentina is reported. Ammoniacal silver (Ag-AS) and alkaline Giemsa (CBG) staining have been performed on specimens from La Rioja, Mendoza, Malargue, Tamelen, Tapiluque, Valcheta, and Meseta de Somuncura. All populations showed active ribosomal cistrons (NORs) on chromosome 11. Some metaphases of three specimens from Mendoza and five from La Rioja also showed bands on 9. Centromeric and telomeric C-bands were common to all populations, and a block of heterochromatin on both sides of the centromere of 2 was remarkable in all but the La Rioja populations. The specimens from La Rioja showed a similar block of heterochromatin on the short arm of 1. Taxonomic studies of several specimens from these localities revealed differences in larval development, glandular pattern, the size of specimens, etc. As a whole, biological as well as karyological features suggest that the isolated population at La Rioja is a separate entity, at the species level, as described elsewhere.
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