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Stingeni L, Foti C, Guarneri F, Corazza M, Cristaudo A, Ferrucci SM, Gallo R, Martina E, Musumeci ML, Napolitano M, Nettis E, Patruno C, Pigatto PD, Piras V, Schena D, Casciola G, Antonelli E, Hansel K. Contact allergy to SIDAPA baseline series allergens in patients with eyelid dermatitis: An Italian multicentre study. Contact Dermatitis 2024; 90:479-485. [PMID: 38268123 DOI: 10.1111/cod.14507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eyelid dermatitis is a frequent reason of dermatological consultation. Its aetiology is not univocal, being contact dermatitis, both allergic and irritant, the most frequent. The primary sources of allergen exposure include cosmetics, metals, and topical medications, from direct, indirect, or airborne contact. OBJECTIVES To define the frequency of positive patch test reactions to SIDAPA baseline series allergens, to document positive allergens, and to precise the final diagnosis in patients with eyelid involvement. METHODS A total of 8557 consecutive patients from 12 Italian Dermatology Clinics underwent patch testing with SIDAPA baseline series in 2018 and 2019. Patients were divided into two groups: (i) with eyelid involvement with or without other involved sites (E-Group) and (ii) without eyelid involvement (NE-Group). The final diagnosis and the frequency of positive relevant patch test reactions were evaluated. RESULTS E-Group consisted of 688 patients (females 78.6%, mean age 45.3 years), 8.0% of 8557 consecutively patch-tested patients. The final diagnosis in E-Group was ADC in 42.4%, ICD in 34.2%, and AD in 30.5%. The highest reaction rates were elicited by nickel sulphate and methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone in both E-Group and NE-Group, even if these allergens were significantly more frequently positive in NE-Group patients than in E-Group ones. Positive patch test reactions to fragrance Mix II, dimethylaminopropylamine, and sorbitan sesquiolate were significantly more frequent in E-Group patients than in NE-Group ones. CONCLUSIONS Eyelid dermatitis is a frequent dermatological complaint. Allergic contact dermatitis is the most frequent diagnosis commonly caused by nickel sulphate, isothiazolinones, and fragrances. The surfactants dimethylaminopropylamine and sorbitan sesquioleate are emerging causes of eyelid allergic contact dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Stingeni
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Caterina Foti
- Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Italy
| | - Fabrizio Guarneri
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Monica Corazza
- Section of Dermatology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Antonio Cristaudo
- Clinical Dermatology Unit, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Mariel Ferrucci
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosella Gallo
- Section of Dermatology, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute (DISSAL), University of Genoa and IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Emanuela Martina
- Dermatology Clinic, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic Marche University, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Maddalena Napolitano
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Eustachio Nettis
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, School of Allergology and Clinical, Immunology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Cataldo Patruno
- Section of Dermatology, Health Sciences Department, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Viviana Piras
- Dermatological Clinic, Department of Medical Science and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Donatella Schena
- Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Gabriele Casciola
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Elettra Antonelli
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Katharina Hansel
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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Stanford P. Blepharitis in patients' eyelids: a discussion for nursing care. Br J Community Nurs 2024; 29:78-82. [PMID: 38300241 DOI: 10.12968/bjcn.2024.29.2.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Blepharitis affects the ocular surface and is characterised by symptoms such as inflammation of the eyelashes, redness of the eyelid margins and itchiness. This article aims to create an awareness of this disease among community nurses by explaining its potential consequences to a person's physical and psychosocial wellbeing. Suggestions are made for its care and intervention.
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Abstract
Lotilaner ophthalmic solution 0.25% (XDEMVY™), a gamma-aminobutyric acid-gated chloride channel (GABA-Cl) inhibitor selective for mites, is being developed by Tarsus Pharmaceuticals for the treatment of Demodex blepharitis and meibomian gland dysfunction in patients with Demodex lid infestation (Demodex-induced meibomianitis). On 24 July 2023, lotilaner ophthalmic solution 0.25% received its first approval in the USA for the treatment of Demodex blepharitis. The agent is also currently in phase 3 development for Demodex blepharitis in China and phase 2 development for Demodex-induced meibomianitis in the USA. This article summarizes the milestones in the development of lotilaner ophthalmic solution 0.25% leading to this first approval for the treatment of Demodex blepharitis in the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahiya Y Syed
- Springer Nature, Mairangi Bay, Private Bag 65901, Auckland, 0754, New Zealand.
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Heczko J, Schell C, Pansick A, Stein R, Perry HD. Evaluation of a novel treatment, selenium disulfide, in killing Demodex folliculorum in vitro. Can J Ophthalmol 2023; 58:408-412. [PMID: 35594910 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjo.2022.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of varying concentrations of selenium sulfide, an active ingredient in antidandruff shampoo, in killing Demodex folliculorum. METHODS Sixty-five eyelashes with live Demodex from 29 patients seen at the Nassau University Medical Center (17 patients) and Ophthalmic Consultants of Long Island (12 patients) were observed under light microscopy for 90 minutes in 0.1%, 0.5%, 1.0%, and 4% selenium sulfide with either carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) solution or petroleum jelly ointment (Vaseline, Unilever, London) as excipients. Positive and negative controls also were evaluated as separate solutions of CMC, petroleum jelly, basic saline solution, 50% tea tree oil, and 100% tea tree oil. The number of Demodex deaths and time of death were recorded. RESULTS Demodex deaths in the selenium sulfide reagents were observed in the 4% selenium sulfide solution with CMC (36.4% kill rate, 4 of 11 Demodex, average time of death 17.5 minutes, p = 0.038) and 4% selenium sulfide with petroleum jelly ointment (12.5% kill rate, 1 of 8 Demodex, time of death 75 minutes, p = 0.351). No Demodex deaths were witnessed in the other selenium sulfide treatment groups. All Demodex died in the 50% and 100% tea tree oil positive control group. CONCLUSIONS Selenium sulfide has shown efficacy in killing Demodex at a 4% concentration with the CMC solution and mild activity with 4% petroleum jelly. More research on selenium sulfide solutions at higher concentrations is indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rebecca Stein
- Ophthalmic Consultants of Long Island, Rockville Center, NY
| | - Henry D Perry
- Nassau University Medical Center, East Meadow, NY; Ophthalmic Consultants of Long Island, Rockville Center, NY
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Diz-Arias E, Fernández-Jiménez E, Peral A, Gomez-Pedrero JA. Role of instrumental factors in Meibomian gland contrast assessment. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2023; 43:1050-1058. [PMID: 37098694 DOI: 10.1111/opo.13156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Meibomian gland contrast has been suggested as a potential biomarker in Meibomian gland dysfunction. This study analysed the instrumental factors related to contrast. The objectives were to determine whether the mathematical equations used to compute gland contrast (e.g., Michelson or Yeh and Lin), impact the ability to identify abnormal individuals, to ascertain whether contrast between the gland and the background could be an effective biomarker and to assess whether using contrast-enhancement on the gland image improves its diagnostic efficacy. METHODS A total of 240 meibography images from 40 participants (20 controls and 20 having Meibomian gland dysfunction or blepharitis), were included. The Oculus Keratograph 5M was used to capture images from the upper and lower eyelids of each eye. The contrast of unprocessed images and those pre-processed with contrast-enhancement algorithms were analysed. Contrast was measured on the eight central glands. Two equations for contrast computation were used, and the contrast both between glands and within a gland were calculated. RESULTS Significant differences were found between the groups for inter-gland area in the upper (p = 0.01) and lower eyelids (p = 0.001) for contrast measured with the Michelson formula. Similar effects were observed when using the Yeh and Lin method in the upper (p = 0.01) and lower eyelids (p = 0.04). These results were obtained for images enhanced with the Keratograph 5M algorithm. CONCLUSIONS Meibomian gland contrast is a useful biomarker of disease related to the Meibomian glands. Contrast measurement should be determined using contrast-enhanced images in the inter-gland area. However, the method used to compute contrast did not influence the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Diz-Arias
- Optics Department, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Fernández-Jiménez
- Department of Optometry and Vision, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Assumpta Peral
- Department of Optometry and Vision, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose A Gomez-Pedrero
- Optics Department, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Simpson EL, De Benedetto A, Boguniewicz M, Ong PY, Lussier S, Villarreal M, Schneider LC, Paller AS, Guttman-Yassky E, Hanifin JM, Spergel JM, Barnes KC, David G, Austin B, Leung DYM, Beck LA. Phenotypic and Endotypic Determinants of Atopic Dermatitis Severity From the Atopic Dermatitis Research Network (ADRN) Registry. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2023; 11:2504-2515. [PMID: 37182563 PMCID: PMC10524351 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2023.04.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition with a highly variable clinical phenotype. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify historical and clinical features and biomarkers associated with AD severity. METHODS A US registry of extensively phenotyped AD participants (aged 0.73-80 years) were enrolled at 9 academic centers. Information on family and personal medical history, examination, skin swabs (culture), and serum biomarkers was collected to evaluate their association with AD severity. RESULTS Participants with AD (N = 2862) whose disease was categorized as mild (11.6%), moderate (58.0%), or severe (30.4%) based on Rajka-Langeland scoring were enrolled. The trend test, when adjusting for gender, race, and age, demonstrated that severity was strongly (P ≤ .04) associated with a personal/family history of allergic disorders, history of alopecia, exposure to passive smoke, ocular herpes infection, skin bacterial and viral infections, and history of arrhythmia. Features observed more frequently (P ≤ .002), as a function of severity, included skin infections (impetigo, human papillomavirus, and molluscum contagiosum virus), Staphylococcus aureus colonization, excoriations, hyperlinear palms, ichthyosis, blepharitis, conjunctivitis, ectropion, and wheezing. Serum IgE, allergen and food (≤6 years) Phadiatop, and eosinophilia were strongly linked to severity (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS In a diverse US AD population, severity was associated with a history of atopic disorders, skin and extracutaneous bacterial and viral infections (by history and physical examination), higher IgE, eosinophilia and allergen sensitization, atopic skin manifestations (ie, excoriation, hyperlinear palms, and ichthyosis), and atopic ocular features (ie, blepharitis, conjunctivitis, and ectropion) as well as asthma findings (ie, wheezing). Data from our prospective registry significantly advance our understanding of AD phenotypes and endotypes, which is critical to achieve optimal management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric L Simpson
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Ore
| | - Anna De Benedetto
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY
| | - Mark Boguniewicz
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health and University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colo
| | - Peck Y Ong
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University Southern California, Los Angeles, Calif
| | | | | | - Lynda C Schneider
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Amy S Paller
- Departments of Dermatology and Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Emma Guttman-Yassky
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Jon M Hanifin
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Ore
| | - Jonathan M Spergel
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Kathleen C Barnes
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, Colo
| | | | | | - Donald Y M Leung
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health and University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colo
| | - Lisa A Beck
- Department of Dermatology, Medicine and Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY.
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Muttuvelu DV, Cehofski LJ, Muhammad MGF, Chen X, Utheim TP, Khan AM, Abduljabar AB, Kristensen K, Rasmussen MLR, Vorum H, Heegaard S, Honoré B. Anterior blepharitis is associated with elevated plectin levels consistent with a pronounced intracellular response. Ocul Surf 2023; 29:444-455. [PMID: 37348651 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2023.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Anterior blepharitis is a frequent ocular condition which may result in severe ocular surface disease. In this study, advanced proteome analysis was performed to elucidate biological mechanisms underlying anterior blepharitis. METHODS All patients underwent full ophthalmological examination including Ocular Surface Disease Index score (OSDI). Measurement of non-invasive break-up time (NBUT), Oxford score, and meibography were performed. Tear film samples from treatment naïve patients with anterior blepharitis (n = 15) and age-matched controls (n = 11) were collected with Schirmer filtration paper. The samples were analyzed with label-free quantification nano liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry (LFQ nLC-MS/MS). Significantly regulated proteins were identified with a permutation-based calculation with a false discovery rate at 0.05. RESULTS Among the 927 proteins detected, a total of 162 proteins were significantly changed. Regulated proteins were involved in cytoplasmic translation, positive regulation of B cell activation, complement activation and phagocytosis. High levels of plakin proteins, a group of proteins involved in cytoskeleton organization, were observed in anterior blepharitis, including plectin, desmoplakin, envoplakin, epiplakin, periplakin, and vimentin. The upregulation of plectin was confirmed with single reaction monitoring. Patients with anterior blepharitis had lower levels of immunoglobulin chains, VEGF coregulated chemokine 1 (CXCL17), and platelet-derived growth factor C. CONCLUSIONS Anterior blepharitis was associated with a high level of plectin indicating a pronounced intracellular response with cytoskeletal reorganization. Our data suggest a lack of immunoglobulin chains and CXCL17 in anterior blepharitis with potential alterations in the ocular surface immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lasse Jørgensen Cehofski
- Department of Ophthalmology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Xiangjun Chen
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tor Paaske Utheim
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - Kasper Kristensen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | - Henrik Vorum
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Steffen Heegaard
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bent Honoré
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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Turkiewicz M, Shah A, Yang YW, Mangold A, Shen J. Allergic contact dermatitis of the eyelids: An interdisciplinary review. Ocul Surf 2023; 28:124-130. [PMID: 36898500 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2023.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE A review of the published literature on the pathogenesis and treatment of eyelid allergic contact dermatitis and ocular surface involvement. METHODS Literature search of MEDLINE (Ovid) was conducted using for allergic contact dermatitis and disease of the eyelid or periorbital skin. Dates included in search criteria were from January 1, 2010 to January 12, 2023. 120 articles were reviewed by at least two authors. RESULTS Allergic eyelid contact dermatitis(ACD) is a Type IV hypersensitivity reaction to chemical exposure of sensitized eyelid skin. Most patients improve with avoidance strategies. Understanding chemicals that may trigger eyelid ACD, identifying allergens with patch testing, and use of topical steroids can help patients with this challenging disease. CONCLUSIONS Recalcitrant allergic eyelid dermatitis can be addressed by an interdisciplinary team and avoidance strategies based on patch testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Turkiewicz
- Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Ami Shah
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Yul W Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Aaron Mangold
- Department of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Joanne Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA.
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Ayyıldız T, Çiçek M, Milletli Sezgi F, Yılmaz M. Investigation of the Relationship Between Ocular Demodex Colonization and the Conjunctival Flora. Turkiye Parazitol Derg 2022; 46:219-223. [PMID: 36094124 DOI: 10.4274/tpd.galenos.2022.24633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine whether ocular Demodex colonization leads to changes in the conjunctival flora in healthy middle-aged individuals. METHODS This study included 70 patients who applied to an ophthalmology clinic with a complaints of presbyopia. Two eyelash specimens from the lower eyelids of both eyes were obtained from each individual. In eyelash specimens were examined for Demodex spp. by direct wet smearing under microscopy. Conjunctival culture samples were cultivated on blood agar, eosin methylene blue and chocolate agar. RESULTS In the 38.5% of the individuals, Demodex spp. mites were found in the eyelashes, out of which 11.4% were Demodex brevis and 27.1% Demodex folliculorum. Bacterial growth was observed in 82.9% of the samples examined. The most frequently detected bacterium was Staphylococcus epidermidis (57%). CONCLUSION Although Demodex spp. infestation has been shown to be related to diseases on ocular surface of eyes such as pterygium, xerophthalmia and chalazion, we did not observe that it induces changes in ocular surface flora in healthy adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taha Ayyıldız
- Bursa Şehir Hastanesi, Göz Hastalıkları Kliniği, Bursa, Türkiye
| | - Muttalip Çiçek
- Kırşehir Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Tıbbi Parazitoloji Anabilim Dalı, Kırşehir, Türkiye
| | | | - Mevlüt Yılmaz
- Ankara Ulucanlar Göz Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Göz Hastalıkları Kliniği, Ankara, Türkiye
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Yue J, Wang CM, Lyu JX, Jian SJ, Niu YY, Liu SS, Sun ST, Han L, Zhang HM. [Susceptibility of drug-resistant staphylococci isolated from different parts of the ocular anterior segment to common ophthalmic antibiotics]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2022; 58:598-605. [PMID: 35959604 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20220119-00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objectie To investigate the susceptibility of drug-resistant staphylococci isolated from different parts of the anterior segment to levofloxacin, tobramycin, cefazolin sodium, fusidic acid and clindamycin. Methods: Experimental Study. A total of 67 patients with anterior segment infection (33 cases of conjunctivitis, 6 cases of bacterial keratitis, 7 cases of blepharitis, 9 cases of neonatal dacryocystitis, 9 cases of neonatal dacryocystitis, 1 case of adult dacryocystitis and 11 cases of other infectious eye diseases) were collected from the conjunctival sac, cornea, eyelid margin and lacrimal sac. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus (MRS) strains and β-lactamase-producing (β-Lac) strains by a micro-liquid-based method, according to the M100 standard of the American Institute for Clinical and Laboratory Standardization Susceptibility and resistance determinations were made. Data were statistically analyzed using Chi-square or Fisher's exact test. Results: Thirty-five MRS, 30 β-Lac and 2 β-Lac MRS isolates were identified from 67 multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus . There were 3, 9, 4, and 19 MRS isolates isolated from the lacrimal sac, cornea, eyelid margin and conjunctival sac, accounting for 3/4, 9/12, 4/8, 19/43 (44.2%) of the isolated sites respectively. There were 1, 3, 3, and 23 β-Lac isolates, accounting for 1/4, 3/12, 3/8 and 23/43 (53.5%) of the isolated sites, respectively. The highest proportion of β-Lac isolates isolated from patients with a diagnosis of conjunctivitis was 17 (25.3%) from the conjunctival sac. Among the MRS strains isolated from the cornea and lacrimal sac, 5 (7.5%) and 3 (4.5%) were from patients diagnosed with bacterial keratitis and neonatal tear, respectively. The number of MRS strains and β-Lac isolates isolated from patients with a diagnosis of blepharitis were both 3 (4.5%) from the lid margin.Among the strains isolated from the eyelid margin and the conjunctival sac, drug-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis was the main strain, the drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was the major isolates in lacrimal sac and cornea. Among the 35 MRS isoaltes, 25, 24, 12, 12, and 11 were sensitive to cefazolin sodium, fusidic acid, levofloxacin, clindamycin and tobramycin, and the sensitivity rates were 71.4%, 68.6%, 34.3%, 34.3% and 31.4%, the difference was statistically significant (χ2=22.756, P<0.001), The sensitivity rates of levofloxacin, tobramycin, cefazolin sodium, fusidic acid and clindamycin against MRS isolates from the anterior segment were both statistically significant differences (χ2=18.493, 11.594, 8.906, 9.841, 16.059; all P<0.05). The susceptibility rates of MRS isolates against five antibiotics was statistically significant differences (χ2=33.080, P<0.001). Among the 30 β-Lac isolates, 27, 22, 19, 16, and 8 were sensitive to cefazolin sodium, fusidic acid, levofloxacin, tobramycin and clindamycin, and the sensitivity rates were 90.0 % , 73.3%, 63.3%, 53.3% and 26.7%, the difference was statistically significant (χ2=28.280, P<0.001). The sensitivity rates of five antibiotics against β-Lac isolates from the anterior segment were both statistically significant differences (χ2=50.971, 24.543, 48.147, 44.899, 18.676; all P<0.001). The susceptibility rates of β-Lac isolates against five antibiotics was statistically significant differences (χ2=23.383, P<0.001). The sensitivity of cefazolin sodium and fusidic acid against β-Lac isolates were higher than MRS isolates. Conclusions: Cefazolin sodium and fusidic acid may be the best choice for the treatment of drug-resistant Staphylococcus isolated from anterior conjunctival sac, cornea, eyelid margin and lacrimal sac, especially for β-Lac-producing drug-resistant Staphylococcus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Yue
- Department of Ophthalmology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital of Ophthalmology, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Eye Institute, School of Clinical Medicine, Ophthalmology Department of Henan University, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - C M Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital of Ophthalmology, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Eye Institute, School of Clinical Medicine, Ophthalmology Department of Henan University, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - J X Lyu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital of Ophthalmology, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Eye Institute, School of Clinical Medicine, Ophthalmology Department of Henan University, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - S J Jian
- Department of Ophthalmology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital of Ophthalmology, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Eye Institute, School of Clinical Medicine, Ophthalmology Department of Henan University, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Y Y Niu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital of Ophthalmology, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Eye Institute, School of Clinical Medicine, Ophthalmology Department of Henan University, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - S S Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital of Ophthalmology, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Eye Institute, School of Clinical Medicine, Ophthalmology Department of Henan University, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - S T Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital of Ophthalmology, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Eye Institute, School of Clinical Medicine, Ophthalmology Department of Henan University, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - L Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital of Ophthalmology, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Eye Institute, School of Clinical Medicine, Ophthalmology Department of Henan University, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - H M Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital of Ophthalmology, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Eye Institute, School of Clinical Medicine, Ophthalmology Department of Henan University, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhengzhou 450003, China
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Lemoine J, Bonnin A, Marjanovic Z, van de Wyngaert Z, Ikhlef S, Alsuliman T, M'Hammedi-Bouzina F, Mohty M, Malard F. Resolution of bortezomib-associated chalazia/ blepharitis after switch to ixazomib: A case report. Curr Res Transl Med 2021; 69:103283. [PMID: 33639586 DOI: 10.1016/j.retram.2021.103283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean Lemoine
- Service d'Hématologie Clinique et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRs 938, Paris, France
| | - Agnes Bonnin
- Service d'Hématologie Clinique et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRs 938, Paris, France
| | - Zora Marjanovic
- Service d'Hématologie Clinique et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRs 938, Paris, France
| | - Zoe van de Wyngaert
- Service d'Hématologie Clinique et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRs 938, Paris, France
| | - Souhila Ikhlef
- Service d'Hématologie Clinique et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRs 938, Paris, France
| | - Tamim Alsuliman
- Service d'Hématologie Clinique et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRs 938, Paris, France
| | - Fella M'Hammedi-Bouzina
- Service d'Hématologie Clinique et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRs 938, Paris, France
| | - Mohamad Mohty
- Service d'Hématologie Clinique et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRs 938, Paris, France
| | - Florent Malard
- Service d'Hématologie Clinique et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRs 938, Paris, France.
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12
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Correa Fontt J, Mena Oliva M, Pérez Campos C, Alburquenque Ossandón C. Response to comment on: «Prevalence of Demodex spp. in eyelashes of a university s population in Santiago, Chile». Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol (Engl Ed) 2020; 95:620-621. [PMID: 32873475 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftal.2020.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Correa Fontt
- Escuela de Tecnología Médica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Huechuraba, Santiago, Chile.
| | - M Mena Oliva
- Escuela de Tecnología Médica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Huechuraba, Santiago, Chile
| | - C Pérez Campos
- Escuela de Tecnología Médica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Huechuraba, Santiago, Chile
| | - C Alburquenque Ossandón
- Escuela de Tecnología Médica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Huechuraba, Santiago, Chile
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13
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Fau C, Nabzo S, Nasabun V. Comment on: «Prevalence of Demodex spp. in eyelashes of a universitýs population in Santiago, Chile». Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol (Engl Ed) 2020; 95:619-620. [PMID: 32873476 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftal.2020.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C Fau
- Fundación Oftalmológica 2020, Iberoamerican Cochrane Network, Santiago, Chile.
| | - S Nabzo
- Fundación Oftalmológica 2020, Iberoamerican Cochrane Network, Santiago, Chile
| | - V Nasabun
- Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
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Abstract
This review contains a compilation of long-standing and more recent relevant information on chronic blepharitis, especially in the context of dry eye disease regarding epidemiology, symptoms, clinical findings and pathophysiology. Chronic blepharitis often represents the underlying cause of dry eye disease but remains undetected and untreated in many cases; however, it can be a result of (hypovolemic) dry eye disease and leads to sometimes severe corneal complications, which are illustrated by material from our own patient archives. Recent findings regarding the lipid composition in the tear film in correlation with that of Meibomian gland secretions and the hypothesis of a biofilm as the basis of chronic blepharitis as a theoretical, not yet proven addition to the previously known pathophysiological factors, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Auw-Hädrich
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Killianstr. 5, 79106, Freiburg, Deutschland.
| | - T Reinhard
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Killianstr. 5, 79106, Freiburg, Deutschland
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15
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Sánchez España JC. [Demodex folliculorum: Following the trail to chronic blepharitis]. Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol 2016; 91:e41. [PMID: 26775083 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftal.2015.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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16
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Abstract
Atopic dermatitis, a chronic disease seen by allergist-immunologists, has both dermatologic and ocular manifestations. The ocular component is often disproportionately higher than the dermatologic disease. Even if skin abnormalities seem well controlled, these patients require ophthalmic evaluation. Atopic keratoconjunctivitis in atopic dermatitis patients is characterized by acute exacerbations and requires maintenance therapy for long-term control. Future studies will continue to emphasize the use of steroid-sparing, immunomodulating agents that have the potential to provide long-lasting anti-inflammatory control with a more favorable side-effect profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett Bielory
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 900 NW 17th Street, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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17
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Robb-Nicholson C. Ask the doctor. In your September article about blepharitis, you didn't say anything about the best way to remove eye makeup. Are oil-based products bad for this condition? Harv Womens Health Watch 2011; 18:8. [PMID: 27024073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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Shoji J, Inada N, Sawa M. Evaluation of novel scoring system named 5-5-5 exacerbation grading scale for allergic conjunctivitis disease. Allergol Int 2009; 58:591-7. [PMID: 19776677 DOI: 10.2332/allergolint.09-oa-0100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2009] [Accepted: 06/10/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study is to evaluate the practical usefulness of a scoring system using the 5-5-5 exacerbation grading scale for allergic conjunctivitis disease (ACD). METHODS Subjects were 103 patients with ACD including 40 patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC), 20 patients with atopic keratoconjunctivitis (AKC), and 43 patients with allergic conjunctivitis (AC). The 5-5-5 exacerbation grading scale consists of the following 3 graded groups of clinical observations: the 100-point-grade group (100 points for each observation) includes active giant papillae, gelatinous infiltrates of the limbus, exfoliative epithelial keratopathy, shield ulcer and papillary proliferation at lower palpebral conjunctiva; the 10-point-grade group (10 points for each observation) includes blepharitis, papillary proliferation with velvety appearance, Horner-Trantas spots, edema of bulbal conjunctiva, and superficial punctate keratopathy; and the 1-point-grade group (1 point for each observation) includes papillae at upper palpebral conjunctiva, follicular lesion at lower palpebral conjunctiva, hyperemia of palpebral conjunctiva, hyperemia of bulbal conjunctiva, and lacrimal effusion. The total points in each grade group were determined as the severity score of the 5-5-5 exacerbation grading scale. RESULTS The median severity scores of the 5-5-5 exacerbation grading scale in VKC, AKC and AC were 243 (range: 12-444), 32.5 (11-344), and 13 (2-33), respectively. The severity score of each ACD disease type was significantly different (P < 0.001, Kruskal-Wallis test). The severity of each type of ACD was classified as severe, moderate, or mild according to the severity score. CONCLUSIONS The 5-5-5 exacerbation grading scale is a useful clinical tool for grading the severity of each type of ACD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Shoji
- Department of Ophthalmology, Division of Visual Sciences, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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20
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Dry eyes. Grit be gone. Mayo Clin Health Lett 2009; 27:7. [PMID: 19180758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
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21
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McGrath JA, Duijf PH, Doetsch V, Irvine AD, de Waal R, Vanmolkot KR, Wessagowit V, Kelly A, Atherton DJ, Griffiths WA, Orlow SJ, van Haeringen A, Ausems MG, Yang A, McKeon F, Bamshad MA, Brunner HG, Hamel BC, van Bokhoven H. Hay-Wells syndrome is caused by heterozygous missense mutations in the SAM domain of p63. Hum Mol Genet 2001; 10:221-9. [PMID: 11159940 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/10.3.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 281] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hay-Wells syndrome, also known as ankyloblepharon-ectodermal dysplasia-clefting (AEC) syndrome (OMIM 106260), is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by congenital ectodermal dysplasia, including alopecia, scalp infections, dystrophic nails, hypodontia, ankyloblepharon and cleft lip and/or cleft palate. This constellation of clinical signs is unique, but some overlap can be recognized with other ectodermal dysplasia syndromes, for example ectrodactyly--ectodermal dysplasia--cleft lip/palate (EEC; OMIM 604292), limb--mammary syndrome (LMS; OMIM 603543), acro-dermato-ungual-lacrimal-tooth syndrome (ADULT; OMIM 103285) and recessive cleft lip/palate--ectodermal dysplasia (CLPED1; OMIM 225060). We have recently demonstrated that heterozygous mutations in the p63 gene are the major cause of EEC syndrome. Linkage studies suggest that the related LMS and ADULT syndromes are also caused by mutations in the p63 gene. Thus, it appears that p63 gene mutations have highly pleiotropic effects. We have analysed p63 in AEC syndrome patients and identified missense mutations in eight families. All mutations give rise to amino acid substitutions in the sterile alpha motif (SAM) domain, and are predicted to affect protein--protein interactions. In contrast, the vast majority of the mutations found in EEC syndrome are amino acid substitutions in the DNA-binding domain. Thus, a clear genotype--phenotype correlation can be recognized for EEC and AEC syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A McGrath
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pathology, St John's Institute of Dermatology, The Guy's, King's College and St Thomas' Hospitals' Medical School, St Thomas' Hospital, Lambeth Palace Road, London SE1 7EH, UK
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22
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Kitagawa K. [ Blepharitis, hordeolum, abscess in the lids]. Ryoikibetsu Shokogun Shirizu 1999:329-32. [PMID: 10337817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K Kitagawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kanazawa Medical University
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Mancini
- Division of Dermatology, Children's Memorial Hospital, Chicago, Illinois 60614, USA
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24
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Holzberg M, Stulting RD, Drake LA. Ocular and periocular infections. Dermatol Clin 1992; 10:741-61. [PMID: 1395156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The eye is an important site for infectious disease because an incorrect diagnosis can cause loss of vision or loss of life. An approach to accurate diagnosis, intervention, and therapy is outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Holzberg
- Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
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25
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Vogel C, Reichart P. [Parotid and submandibular gland aplasia with atresia of the lacrimal canaliculi]. Dtsch Zahnarztl Z 1978; 33:415-7. [PMID: 275052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A genesis of the large salivary glands is rare. Aetiology and pathogenesis of the non-formation of these glands is uncertain. On account of marked xerostomia this non-formation is of special significance for preventive dental measures.
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26
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Gaynon MW, Schimek RA. Down's syndrome: a ten-year group study. Ann Ophthalmol 1977; 9:1493-7. [PMID: 147042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Thirty individuals with the clinical diagnosis of Down's syndrome received ophthalmologic examination periodically over 10 years at a state school for exceptional children. External examination, retinoscopy, anterior segment evaluation, ophthalmoscopy, and tonometry were usually done. The ages at present range from 10 to 50 years. The sex ratio was 80% male and 20% female. Three subjects died during the course of the study. The most frequent ocular anomalies were oblique fissures, refractive error, blepharoconjunctivitis, epicanthus, and Brushfield's spots. All of these occurred in 50% or more of the subjects.
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27
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Brown CA. Common eye problems in infants and children. Practitioner 1977; 219:53-8. [PMID: 887551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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31
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Ross J, Gorin M. Vaccinia infection of the eyelids: two case reports. Eye Ear Nose Throat Mon 1969; 48:363-5. [PMID: 5771108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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32
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Emery M. [Chronic blepharitis cured by desensitization]. Bull Soc Ophtalmol Fr 1969; 69:91-2. [PMID: 5405109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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35
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Yajima Y, Hashimoto T. [Case of eyelid phlegmon with long-standing dissecting aortic aneurysm found at autopsy]. Iryo 1966; 20:286-90. [PMID: 5964836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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MILLS DW, OLIVER GL. CORTICOSTEROID GLAUCOMA. Can Med Assoc J 1965; 92:1084-5. [PMID: 14281091 PMCID: PMC1928280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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HABIB JT, LAURETTIFILHO A, ITO IY. [THE BACTERIAL FLORA OF CONJUNCTIVITIS AND BLEPHARITIS]. Rev Bras Oftalmol 1965; 24:75-82. [PMID: 14325677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
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40
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BARAS I. TREATMENT OF BLEPHARITIS. Eye Ear Nose Throat Mon 1965; 44:68-70 PASSIM. [PMID: 14273035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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BALABANOW K, DIMITROWA J. [UNUSUAL LOCALIZATIONS AND PECULIAR CLINICAL FORMS OF THE MELKERSSON-ROSENTHAL SYNDROME ( BLEPHARITIS GRANULOMATOSA AND HEMICHEILITIS GRANULOMATOSA)]. Dermatol Wochenschr 1965; 151:101-7. [PMID: 14309623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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DAL FIUME E. [IS-1003 in the therapy of blepharitis]. Minerva Oftalmol 1963; 5:29-31. [PMID: 14024690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
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45
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BERGER B. [ Blepharitis with fatal septicopyemia]. Nord Med 1962; 68:1376-7. [PMID: 13970662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
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46
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GALIN MA, BERGER R. Nature and treatment of blepharitis. N Y State J Med 1962; 62:2965-9. [PMID: 13896355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
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OSTACHOWICZ M, MASIAK M. [Linomag therapy of marginal blepharitis]. Klin Oczna 1961; 31:31-4. [PMID: 13731469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
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AVDYKOVICH AA. [Biomicroscopy of the ciliary margin of the eyelid in normal conditions and in nonspecific blepharitis]. Sov Med 1960; 24:99-106. [PMID: 13795242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
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