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Ahmad D, Brodie A, Pritting C, Rajapreyar I, Rame JE, Rajagopal K, Entwistle JW, Massey H, Tchantchaleishvili V. Predicted heart mass based on ideal body weight for donor-to-recipient size matching. Clin Transplant 2023; 37:e15150. [PMID: 37924498 DOI: 10.1111/ctr.15150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Predicted heart mass (PHM) is a commonly used tool for donor-to-recipient size matching. However, incorporating body weight as part of PHM can be considered problematic given its high variability, and low metabolic nature of fat. We sought to assess whether substituting the actual donor and recipient weight with the ideal body weight (IBW) would affect the association of donor-to-recipient PHM ratio with 1-year and overall survival after heart transplantation. METHODS The United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) database was queried for adult patients who received a primary heart transplant between January 2000 and September 2021. RESULTS Both PHM and ideal PHM (IPHM) ratios were associated with one-year (PHM: p = .003; IPHM: p = .0007) and overall (PHM: p = .02; IPHM: p = .02) survival. In the continuous analysis with restricted cubic splines, both PHM (p = .0003) and IPHM (p = .00001) were associated with relative hazards of death. CONCLUSION IPHM is significantly associated with post-transplant survival and may be a useful compliment to PHM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danial Ahmad
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andrew Brodie
- Department of Surgery, Christiana Care, Wilmington, Delaware, USA
| | - Christopher Pritting
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Indranee Rajapreyar
- Division of Cardiology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - J Eduardo Rame
- Division of Cardiology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Keshava Rajagopal
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - John W Entwistle
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Howard Massey
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Clark JL, Jacobs JA, Watanabe AH, Catino AB, Dechand JA. Evaluation of Safety and Efficacy of Intravenous Digoxin Loading Doses Based on Ideal Body Weight. Ann Pharmacother 2023; 57:1154-1161. [PMID: 36642982 DOI: 10.1177/10600280221146530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intravenous digoxin loading dose recommendations differ between clinical guidelines and Food and Drug Administration packaging for acute rate control. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of intravenous digoxin loading in patients who received ≤12 µg/kg and >12 µg/kg of digoxin using ideal body weight (IBW). METHODS This single center retrospective cohort study with exempt status from the local Institutional Review Board included patients who received intravenous digoxin and had a serum digoxin concentration (SDC) drawn. Digoxin doses >36 hours after the first dose were excluded. Patients who received a total of >12 µg/kg and ≤12 µg/kg IBW were compared. The primary endpoint was frequency of SDCs ≥1.2 ng/mL, which have been shown to be associated with increased mortality. RESULTS A total of 244 patients were included (144 receiving >12 µg/kg and 100 receiving ≤12 µg/kg). There were significantly more SDC ≥1.2 ng/mL in the >12 µg/kg group than the ≤12 µg/kg group (50.6% vs. 30.0%; adjusted odds ratio, 3.19; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.79-5.84), with no difference in rate control failure. Major limitations of the study include retrospective nature and possible selection bias. CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE Compared to patients who received digoxin doses ≤12 µg/kg IBW, patients who received >12 µg/kg IBW had higher rates of SDC ≥1.2 ng/mL. This suggests that appropriate weight-based dosing with 8 to 12 µg/kg IBW has the potential to be a safer approach to digoxin loading, rather than frequently used dosing strategies that result in doses >12 µg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessi L Clark
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky HealthCare, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Joshua A Jacobs
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | - Anna B Catino
- Department of Cardiology, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - John A Dechand
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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Huber HM, Slater G, Heimann T, Bangla V. The effect of percentage of ideal body weight on outcomes in ileo-anal pull through for ulcerative colitis. Int J Colorectal Dis 2023; 38:194. [PMID: 37436666 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-023-04484-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Ileo-anal pull through (IAPT) is a commonly performed operation for the surgical management of ulcerative colitis. The effect of body weight on outcomes for patients undergoing this operation has not been extensively studied. METHODS This was a prospective cohort study at a single tertiary care inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) center. A total of 457 patients who were operated on at the Mount Sinai Medical Center between 1983 and 2015 were included. Demographic characteristics, the patients' body weight at the time of IAPT, and postoperative outcome data were collected. RESULTS For each patient, body weight was calculated as a percentage of the ideal body weight (IBW) for that patient's height. The mean percentage of ideal body weight was 93.9% with a standard deviation of 20%. The range for the population was 53.1 to 175%. Four hundred forty (96%) of the patients had a weight within two standard deviations of the mean, indicating a normal distribution. Seventy-nine patients developed a Clavien-Dindo class III complication necessitating a procedural treatment. The most common of these was a stricture at the anastomotic site (n = 54). Our study identified an association between a percentage of ideal body weight in the lowest quartile of our population and development of an anastomotic stricture. This association was statistically significant on multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION Low body weight at the time of ileo-anal pull through for treatment of UC may be a risk factor for development of anastomotic stricture requiring dilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans M Huber
- The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA.
- Department of General Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, 5 East 98th Street 14th Floor, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
| | - Gary Slater
- The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Tomas Heimann
- The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Venu Bangla
- The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
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Skórzyńska-Dziduszko KE, Makarewicz A, Błażewicz A. Peripubertal Alterations of Leptin Levels in Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Elevated or Normal Body Weight. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054878. [PMID: 36902307 PMCID: PMC10003704 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Leptin, which plays a key role in energy homeostasis, is known as a neurotrophic factor possibly linking nutrition and neurodevelopment. Available data on the association between leptin and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are confusing. The aim of this study was to explore whether plasma levels of leptin in pre- and post-pubertal children with ASD and/or overweightness/obesity differ from those of BMI- and age-matched healthy controls. Leptin levels were determined in 287 pre-pubertal children (mean age 8.09 years), classified as follows: ASD with overweightness/obesity (ASD+/Ob+); ASD without overweightness/obesity (ASD+/Ob-); non-ASD with overweightness/obesity (ASD-/Ob+); non-ASD without overweightness/obesity (ASD-/Ob-). The assessment was repeated in 258 of the children post-pubertally (mean age 14.26 years). There were no significant differences in leptin levels either before or after puberty between ASD+/Ob+ and ASD-/Ob+ or between ASD+/Ob- and ASD-/Ob-, although there was a strong trend toward significance for higher pre-pubertal leptin levels in ASD+/Ob- than in ASD-/Ob-. Post-pubertal leptin levels were significantly lower than pre-pubertal levels in ASD+/Ob+, ASD-/Ob+, and ASD+/Ob- and higher in ASD-/Ob-. Leptin levels, elevated pre-pubertally in the children with overweightness/obesity as well as in children with ASD and normal BMI, decrease with age, in contrast to the increasing leptin levels in healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Agata Makarewicz
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Early Intervention, Medical University of Lublin, 20-439 Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Błażewicz
- Department of Pathobiochemistry and Interdisciplinary Applications of Ion Chromatography, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodźki Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
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Abstract
IMPORTANCE Ample evidence links obesity to hypertension in youths. However, the association of high normal body mass index (BMI) with obesity and the interaction with different weight trajectories are not well understood. OBJECTIVE To examine the hypertension risk associated with high normal BMI for age and different weight trajectories in youths. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This retrospective cohort study assessed 801 019 youths aged 3 to 17 years in an integrated health care system in Southern California from January 1, 2008, to February 28, 2015, with a maximum follow-up of 5 years from January 1, 2008, to February 28, 2020. Data analysis was performed from 2018 to 2022. EXPOSURES Youths were compared by first available (baseline) sex-specific BMI for age and change in the distance to the median BMI for age during the 5-year follow-up. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Cox proportional hazards regression models with age as a time scale to assess hypertension risk (based on 2017 Blood Pressure Guidelines by the American Academy of Pediatrics from 3 consecutive independent visits), adjusted for sex, race and ethnicity, socioeconomic status, baseline year, and birth year. RESULTS A total of 801 019 youths (mean [SD] age, 9.4 [4.6] years; 409 167 [51.1%] female]; 59 399 [7.4%] Asian and Pacific Islanders, 65 712 [8.2%] Black, and 427 492 [53.4%] Hispanic) were studied. Compared with youths with a baseline BMI for age in the 40th to 59th percentiles, the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) for hypertension within a maximum of 5 years was 1.26 (95% CI, 1.20-1.33) for youths between the 60th and 84th percentiles if they maintained their BMI for age. With every 1-unit annual increase in the distance to the median BMI for age, the aHR increased by 1.04 (95% CI, 1.04-1.05). The aHR was 4.94 (95% CI, 4.72-5.18) in youths with a baseline BMI for age in the 97th percentile or higher who maintained their body weight. Weight gain increased the risk associated with baseline BMI for age in the 97th percentile or higher with an aHR of 1.04 (95% CI, 1.04-1.05) per 1-unit annual increase in the distance to the median BMI for age. The risk associated with weight change was higher in youths living with low to high normal weight and overweight than in youths living with severe obesity. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this cohort study of youths, high normal body weight above the 60th percentile of BMI for age was associated with increased risk of hypertension. Weight gain was associated with further increases in hypertension risk. Further research is needed to evaluate the wide range of body weight considered normal in youths and the health risks associated with high normal weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinna Koebnick
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena
| | - Margo A. Sidell
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena
| | - Susan J. Woolford
- Child Health Evaluation and Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Beatriz D. Kuizon
- Kaiser Permanente Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Poornima Kunani
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaiser Permanente Manhattan Beach Medical Office, Manhattan Beach, California
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Zelinka-Khobzey MM, Tarasenko KV, Nesterenko LA, Starchenko II. MORPHOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF PLACENTA IN WOMEN WITH PREECLAMPSIA AND OBESITY COMPARED TO WOMEN WITH NORMAL BODY WEIGHT. Wiad Lek 2023; 76:2593-2600. [PMID: 38290022 DOI: 10.36740/wlek202312107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim: to investigate the morphometric characteristics of placentas in women with comorbidity of preeclampsia and obesity compared to women with physiological body weight, and to assess the efficacy of the prophylactic therapy course developed to prevent the occurrence of preeclampsia in pregnant women with obesity. PATIENTS AND METHODS Materials and methods: 25 biopsy samples of placental tissue were taken from women between 37 and 40 weeks of gestation with a physiological body weight and with class II obesity. The women were divided into five groups of five women in each: the 1st group included women with physiological body weight without obstetric and somatic pathology; the 2nd group involved women with physiological body weight, whose pregnancy was complicated with preeclampsia; the 3rd group was made up of women with class II obesity whose pregnancy was complicated with preeclampsia; the 4th group consisted of women with class II obesity, who received the special prophylactic therapy course, and the 5th group included women with class II obesity, who did not receive the prophylactic therapy course. RESULTS Results: The analysis of morphometric parameters of placenta samples taken from women with preeclampsia and obesity demonstrates a number of com-pensatory and adaptive changes in placenta under hypoxic conditions, and the most important of them include a significant decrease in the number and the mean diameter of the terminal villi, the reduction of volume of villious tree, an increase in the diameter of the capillaries of terminal villi. The morphometric parameters and histological structure in placenta samples from women with obesity, who received the special the prophylactic therapy course, as well as in placenta samples of the control group were similar to the gestational normative values. CONCLUSION Conclusions: The morphometric investigation of placenta samples taken from women with comorbidity of preeclampsia and obesity has shown a significant decrease in the mean diameter of the terminal villi and an increase in the diameter of the capillaries of these terminal villi when compared with a group of women with preeclampsia and physiological body weight. The study has also demonstrated the distortion of the percentage ratio of the volume of the intervil¬lous space and the ratio of medium-calibre villi. The combination of these changes indicates a lack of adaptive capabilities in the placenta during preeclampsia under increasing hypoxic condition.
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Lahu S, Behnes M, Ndrepepa G, Neumann FJ, Sibbing D, Bernlochner I, Menichelli M, Mayer K, Richardt G, Gewalt S, Angiolillo DJ, Coughlan JJ, Aytekin A, Witzenbichler B, Hochholzer W, Cassese S, Kufner S, Xhepa E, Sager HB, Joner M, Fusaro M, Laugwitz KL, Schunkert H, Schüpke S, Kastrati A, Akin I. Body mass index and efficacy and safety of ticagrelor versus prasugrel in patients with acute coronary syndromes. Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed) 2022; 75:747-755. [PMID: 34961732 DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2021.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES The efficacy and safety of ticagrelor vs prasugrel in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) according to body mass index (BMI) remain unstudied. We assessed the efficacy and safety of ticagrelor vs prasugrel in patients with ACS according to BMI. METHODS Patients (n=3987) were grouped into 3 categories: normal weight (BMI <25kg/m2; n=1084), overweight (BMI ≥ 25 to <30kg/m2; n=1890), and obesity (BMI ≥ 30kg/m2; n=1013). The primary efficacy endpoint was the 1 year incidence of all-cause death, myocardial infarction, or stroke. The secondary safety endpoint was the 1 year incidence of Bleeding Academic Research Consortium type 3 to 5 bleeding. RESULTS The primary endpoint occurred in 63 patients assigned to ticagrelor and 39 patients assigned to prasugrel in the normal weight group (11.7% vs 7.5%; HR, 1.62; 95%CI, 1.09-2.42; P=.018), 78 patients assigned to ticagrelor and 58 patients assigned to prasugrel in the overweight group (8.3% vs 6.2%; HR, 1.36; 95%CI, 0.97-1.91; P=.076), and 43 patients assigned to ticagrelor and 37 patients assigned to prasugrel in the obesity group (8.6% vs 7.3%; HR, 1.18; 95%CI, 0.76-1.84; P=.451). The 1-year incidence of bleeding events did not differ between ticagrelor and prasugrel in patients with normal weight (6.5% vs 6.6%; P=.990), overweight (5.6% vs 5.0%; P=.566) or obesity (4.4% vs 2.8%; P=.219). There was no significant treatment arm-by-BMI interaction regarding the primary endpoint (Pint=.578) or secondary endpoint (Pint=.596). CONCLUSIONS In patients with ACS, BMI did not significantly impact the treatment effect of ticagrelor vs prasugrel in terms of efficacy or safety. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT01944800.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shqipdona Lahu
- Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany
| | - Michael Behnes
- First Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Gjin Ndrepepa
- Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Franz-Josef Neumann
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology II, University Heart Center Freiburg Bad Krozingen, Bad Krozingen, Germany
| | - Dirk Sibbing
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany; Cardiology, Klinik der Universität München, Ludwig - Maximilians - University, Munich, Germany
| | - Isabell Bernlochner
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany; Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik Innere Medizin I (Kardiologie, Angiologie, Pneumologie), Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Katharina Mayer
- Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Gert Richardt
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Heart Center Bad Segeberg, Bad Segeberg, Germany
| | - Senta Gewalt
- Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Dominick J Angiolillo
- Division of Cardiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - John Joseph Coughlan
- Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Alp Aytekin
- Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany
| | | | - Willibald Hochholzer
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology II, University Heart Center Freiburg Bad Krozingen, Bad Krozingen, Germany
| | - Salvatore Cassese
- Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Kufner
- Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Erion Xhepa
- Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Hendrik B Sager
- Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany
| | - Michael Joner
- Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany
| | - Massimiliano Fusaro
- Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Karl-Ludwig Laugwitz
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany; Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik Innere Medizin I (Kardiologie, Angiologie, Pneumologie), Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Heribert Schunkert
- Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany
| | - Stefanie Schüpke
- Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany
| | - Adnan Kastrati
- Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany.
| | - Ibrahim Akin
- First Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
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Chowdhary A, Thirunavukarasu S, Jex N, Coles L, Bowers C, Sengupta A, Swoboda P, Witte K, Cubbon R, Xue H, Kellman P, Greenwood J, Plein S, Levelt E. Coronary microvascular function and visceral adiposity in patients with normal body weight and type 2 diabetes. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2022; 30:1079-1090. [PMID: 35357083 PMCID: PMC9314597 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study sought to assess whether diabetes affects coronary microvascular function in individuals with normal body weight. METHODS Seventy-five participants (30 patients with type 2 diabetes [T2D] who were overweight [O-T2D], 15 patients with T2D who were lean [LnT2D], 15 healthy volunteers who were lean [LnHV], and 15 healthy volunteers who were overweight [O-HV]) without established cardiovascular disease were recruited. Participants underwent magnetic resonance imaging for assessment of subcutaneous, epicardial, and visceral adipose tissue areas, adenosine stress myocardial blood flow (MBF), and cardiac structure and function. RESULTS Stress MBF was reduced only in the O-T2D group (mean [SD], LnHV = 2.07 [0.47] mL/g/min, O-HV = 2.08 [0.42] mL/g/min, LnT2D = 2.16 [0.36] mL/g/min, O-T2D = 1.60 [0.28] mL/g/min; p ≤ 0.0001). Accumulation of visceral fat was evident in the LnT2D group at similar levels to the O-HV group (LnHV = 127 [53] cm2 , O-HV = 181 [60] cm2 , LnT2D = 182 [99] cm2 , O-T2D = 288 [72] cm2 ; p < 0.0001). Only the O-T2D group showed reductions in left ventricular ejection fraction (LnHV = 63% [4%], O-HV = 63% [4%], LnT2D = 60% [5%], O-T2D = 58% [6%]; p = 0.0008) and global longitudinal strain (LnHV = -15.1% [3.1%], O-HV= -15.2% [3.7%], LnT2D = -13.4% [2.7%], O-T2D = -11.1% [2.8%]; p = 0.002) compared with both control groups. CONCLUSIONS Patients with T2D and normal body weight do not show alterations in global stress MBF, but they do show significant increases in visceral adiposity. Patients with T2D who were overweight and had no prior cardiovascular disease showed an increase in visceral adiposity and significant reductions in stress MBF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrit Chowdhary
- Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre and Biomedical Imaging Science DepartmentLeeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic MedicineUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Sharmaine Thirunavukarasu
- Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre and Biomedical Imaging Science DepartmentLeeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic MedicineUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Nicholas Jex
- Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre and Biomedical Imaging Science DepartmentLeeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic MedicineUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Lauren Coles
- Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre and Biomedical Imaging Science DepartmentLeeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic MedicineUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Charles Bowers
- Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre and Biomedical Imaging Science DepartmentLeeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic MedicineUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Anshuman Sengupta
- Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre and Biomedical Imaging Science DepartmentLeeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic MedicineUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Peter Swoboda
- Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre and Biomedical Imaging Science DepartmentLeeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic MedicineUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Klaus Witte
- Discovery and Translational Science DepartmentLeeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic MedicineUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Richard Cubbon
- Discovery and Translational Science DepartmentLeeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic MedicineUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Hui Xue
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood InstituteNational Institutes of HealthDepartment of Health and Human ServicesBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Peter Kellman
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood InstituteNational Institutes of HealthDepartment of Health and Human ServicesBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - John Greenwood
- Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre and Biomedical Imaging Science DepartmentLeeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic MedicineUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Sven Plein
- Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre and Biomedical Imaging Science DepartmentLeeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic MedicineUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Eylem Levelt
- Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre and Biomedical Imaging Science DepartmentLeeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic MedicineUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
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Hwang SY, Jang JH, Park JE. Association between Healthy Lifestyle (Diet Quality, Physical Activity, Normal Body Weight) and Periodontal Diseases in Korean Adults. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19073871. [PMID: 35409556 PMCID: PMC8998121 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19073871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the association between healthy lifestyle (HLS; i.e., diet quality, physical activity, normal weight) and periodontal diseases in Korean adults. Studying this association may help inform future intervention programs aimed at preventing the development of periodontal diseases. Raw data of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) VII (2016–2018) were used. Data from 12,689 adults aged 19 years and over who had a periodontal examination were analyzed. The associations between HLS and periodontal diseases were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression after adjusting for demographic and health factors as covariates. We found that each of the HLS (diet quality, physical activity, normal body weight) practices was significantly associated with periodontal diseases (OR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.13–1.55; OR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.04–1.30; OR: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.14–1.40, respectively). In particular, having poor HLS practices was identified as a risk factor for periodontal diseases (OR: 1.54, 95% CI: 1.10–2.15). HLS was associated with periodontal diseases. Thus, in addition to improving oral hygiene—the primary focus in the past—improving HLS should be emphasized for patients with periodontal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Yeon Hwang
- Research Institute for Future Medical Science, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong 30099, Korea
| | - Jong-Hwa Jang
- Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Science, Dankook University, Cheonan-si 31116, Korea
| | - Jung-Eun Park
- Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Science, Dankook University, Cheonan-si 31116, Korea
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10
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Goodarzi G, Mozaffari H, Raeisi T, Mehravar F, Razi B, Ghazi ML, Garousi N, Alizadeh S, Janmohammadi P. Metabolic phenotypes and risk of colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:89. [PMID: 35062912 PMCID: PMC8781040 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-09149-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association of obesity with colorectal cancer (CRC) may vary depending on metabolic status. OBJECTIVE This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the combined impacts of obesity and metabolic status on CRC risk. METHODS The Scopus, PubMed, and web of sciences databases were systematically searched up to Jun 2021 to find all eligible publications examining CRC risk in individuals with metabolically unhealthy normal-weight (MUHNW), metabolically healthy obesity (MHO), and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUHO) phenotypes. RESULTS A total of 7 cohort studies with a total of 759,066 participants were included in this meta-analysis. Compared with healthy normal-weight people, MUHNW, MHO, and MUHO individuals indicated an increased risk for CRC with a pooled odds ratio of 1.19 (95% CI = 1.09-1.31) in MUHNW, 1.14 (95% CI = 1.06-1.22) in MHO, and 1.24 (95% CI = 1.19-1.29) in MUHO subjects. When analyses were stratified based on gender, associations remained significant for males. However, the elevated risk of CRC associated with MHO and MUHO was not significant in female participants. CONCLUSIONS The individuals with metabolic abnormality, although at a normal weight, have an increased risk for CRC. Moreover, obesity is associated with CRC irrespective of metabolic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golnoosh Goodarzi
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadis Mozaffari
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Tahereh Raeisi
- Department of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mehravar
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahman Razi
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Lafzi Ghazi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazila Garousi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shahab Alizadeh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Tehran Province, Iran
| | - Parisa Janmohammadi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Tehran Province, Iran.
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11
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Appelbaum N, Clarke J. Ideal body weight calculations: fit for purpose in modern anaesthesia? Eur J Anaesthesiol 2021; 38:1211-1214. [PMID: 33876785 DOI: 10.1097/eja.0000000000001515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Appelbaum
- From the Division of Surgery, Department of Surgery and Cancer (NA), Helix Centre for Design in Healthcare (NA, JC), NIHR-Imperial Patient Safety Translational Research Centre (NA, JC) and EPSRC Centre for Mathematics of Precision Healthcare, Department of Mathematics, Imperial College London, London, UK (JC)
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12
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Chen Q, Zhou Y, Dai C, Zhao G, Zhu Y, Zhang X. Metabolically Abnormal But Normal-Weight Individuals Had a Higher Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in a Cohort Study of a Chinese Population. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:724873. [PMID: 34803907 PMCID: PMC8595277 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.724873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Obesity is a heterogeneous disease in terms of body mass index (BMI) and metabolic status. The purpose of this study was to investigate the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in subjects with metabolically abnormal but normal weight (MANW) in China. Materials and Methods A prospective cohort with a total of 17,238 participants of the Zhejiang metabolic syndrome cohort was recruited. According to the standard of the Working Group on Obesity in China, general obesity is defined. Metabolic abnormality was defined as two or more abnormal components (elevated triglycerides (TG), low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP) or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) or use of antihypertensive therapy, and elevated fasting plasma glucose or antidiabetic treatment). The hazard ratio (HR) and its 95% CI were calculated using a multiple regression model, adjusted for the potential confounding factors. Results Compared with metabolically normal and normal weight (MNNW) subjects, the metabolically abnormal and obesity/overweight (MAO) subjects had the highest risk of T2DM disease, with an HR of 4.67 (95% CI: 3.23-6.76), followed by MANW subjects (HR = 2.61, 95% CI: 1.74-3.92) and metabolically normal but obesity/overweight (MNO) subjects (HR = 2.09, 95% CI: 1.29-3.38) after adjusting for age, sex, smoking, drinking, physical activity, and family history of diabetes. Compared with that in the MNNW subjects, the HR in MANW subjects was significantly higher than that in MNO subjects. In normal-weight subjects, the HR of T2DM was significantly positively correlated with the number of components with metabolic abnormalities. Conclusions MANW subjects had a higher risk of T2DM. MANW subjects should be given more attention in the prevention and control of common chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiannan Chen
- Basic Discipline of Chinese and Western Integrative, School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yaohan Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen Dai
- Department of Endocrinology and Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Putuo District People’s Hospital , Zhoushan, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of office Hangzhou Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yimin Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital Affiliated to the School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuhui Zhang
- Affiliated Hangzhou Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
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13
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Wortha SM, Wüsten KA, Witte VA, Bössel N, Keßler W, Vogelgesang A, Flöel A. Gastrointestinal Hormones in Healthy Adults: Reliability of Repeated Assessments and Interrelations with Eating Habits and Physical Activity. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113809. [PMID: 34836065 PMCID: PMC8624073 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Gastrointestinal hormones (GIHs) are crucial for the regulation of a variety of physiological functions and have been linked to hunger, satiety, and appetite control. Thus, they might constitute meaningful biomarkers in longitudinal and interventional studies on eating behavior and body weight control. However, little is known about the physiological levels of GIHs, their intra-individual stability over time, and their interaction with other metabolic and lifestyle-related parameters. Therefore, the aim of this pilot study is to investigate the intra-individual stability of GIHs in normal-weight adults over time. Methods: Plasma concentrations of ghrelin, leptin, GLP-1 (glucagon-like-peptide), and PP (pancreatic polypeptide) were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 17 normal-weight, healthy adults in a longitudinal design at baseline and at follow-up six months later. The reliability of the measurements was estimated using intra-class correlation (ICC). In a second step, we considered the stability of GIH levels after controlling for changes in blood glucose and hemoglobin A1 (HbA1c) as well as self-reported physical activity and dietary habits. Results: We found excellent reliability for ghrelin, good reliability for GLP1 and PP, and moderate reliability for leptin. After considering glucose, HbA1c, physical activity, and dietary habits as co-variates, the reliability of ghrelin, GLP1, and PP did not change significantly; the reliability of leptin changed to poor reliability. Conclusions: The GIHs ghrelin, GLP1, and PP demonstrated good to excellent test–retest reliability in healthy individuals, a finding that was not modified after adjusting for glucose control, physical activity, or dietary habits. Leptin showed only moderate to poor reliability, which might be linked to weight fluctuations, albeit small, between baseline and follow-up assessment in our study sample. Together, these findings support that ghrelin, GLP1, and PP might be further examined as biomarkers in studies on weight control, with GLP1 and PP serving as anorexic markers and ghrelin as an orexigenic marker. Additional reliability studies in obese individuals are necessary to verify or refute our findings for this cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silke M. Wortha
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany; (S.M.W.); (K.A.W.); (N.B.); (A.V.)
| | - Katharina A. Wüsten
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany; (S.M.W.); (K.A.W.); (N.B.); (A.V.)
| | - Veronica A. Witte
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
- Max Planck Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nicole Bössel
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany; (S.M.W.); (K.A.W.); (N.B.); (A.V.)
| | - Wolfram Keßler
- Department of General, Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Medicine, 17475 Greifswald, Germany;
| | - Antje Vogelgesang
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany; (S.M.W.); (K.A.W.); (N.B.); (A.V.)
| | - Agnes Flöel
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany; (S.M.W.); (K.A.W.); (N.B.); (A.V.)
- German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Rostock/Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
- Correspondence:
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Hahn SL, Barry MR, Weeks HM, Miller AL, Lumeng JC, Sonneville KR. Parental perceptions of actual and ideal body weight in early childhood prospectively predict adolescent perceptions of actual and ideal body weight among a low-income population. Eat Weight Disord 2021; 26:2371-2379. [PMID: 33389717 PMCID: PMC10370320 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-020-01088-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the longitudinal associations between parental perceptions of their child's actual weight (PPCA = parental perception of child's actual) and ideal weight (PPCI = parental perception of child ideal) in early childhood and the child's own perceptions of their actual weight (APA = adolescent perceived actual) and ideal weight (API = adolescent perceived ideal) during early adolescence among a low-income population. METHODS Using a longitudinal study design, 136 child/parent pairs were asked to assess the child's actual and ideal weight using figure rating scales. When children were 4-7 years old, parents reported on their perception of their child's weight; when children were 10-12 years old, the child reported on their own weight perceptions. Actual weight, ideal weight, and the difference between ideal and actual weight perception were assessed at the respective timepoints. Regressions were used to examine the relationship between parental weight perceptions (PPCA and PPCI) and later adolescent weight perception (APA and API). RESULTS On average, PPCI was higher than PPCA, whereas API was lower than APA. We found a positive relationship between PPCI and API (β = 0.309, p = .029). PPCA was positively associated with API (β = 0.304, p = .015) and marginally positively associated with the APA (β = 0.242, p = .077). However, the difference between PPCI and PPCA did not predict either APA or API. CONCLUSIONS Parental perception of their child's weight may relate to the adolescent's weight perception, particularly ideal weight. However, several null and marginal associations suggest that parental weight perception in early childhood may not be the most salient factor in determining weight perception in early adolescence. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III, well-designed longitudinal cohort study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha L Hahn
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55454, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55454, USA.
| | - Mikayla R Barry
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Heidi M Weeks
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Alison L Miller
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Julie C Lumeng
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Kendrin R Sonneville
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
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15
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Díaz F, González-Dambrauskas S, Cristiani F, Casanova DR, Cruces P. Driving Pressure and Normalized Energy Transmission Calculations in Mechanically Ventilated Children Without Lung Disease and Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2021; 22:870-878. [PMID: 34054120 DOI: 10.1097/pcc.0000000000002780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the new tools to evaluate the energy dissipated to the lung parenchyma in mechanically ventilated children with and without lung injury. We compared their discrimination capability between both groups when indexed by ideal body weight and driving pressure. DESIGN Post hoc analysis of individual patient data from two previously published studies describing pulmonary mechanics. SETTING Two academic hospitals in Latin-America. PATIENTS Mechanically ventilated patients younger than 15 years old were included. We analyzed two groups, 30 children under general anesthesia (ANESTH group) and 38 children with pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome. INTERVENTIONS Respiratory mechanics were measured after intubation in all patients. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Mechanical power and derived variables of the equation of motion (dynamic power, driving power, and mechanical energy) were computed and then indexed by ideal body weight. Driving pressure was higher in pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome group compared with ANESTH group. Receiver operator curve analysis showed that driving pressure had the best discrimination capability compared with all derived variables of the equation of motion indexed by ideal body weight. The same results were observed when the subgroup of patients weighs less than 15 kg. There was no difference in unindexed mechanical power between groups. CONCLUSIONS Driving pressure is the variable that better discriminates pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome from nonpediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome in children than the calculations derived from the equation of motion, even when indexed by ideal body weight. Unindexed mechanical power was useless to differentiate against both groups. Future studies should determine the threshold for variables of the energy dissipated by the lungs and their association with clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franco Díaz
- Unidad de Paciente Crítico Pediátrico, Departamento de Pediatría, Hospital El Carmen de Maipú, Santiago, Chile
- Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina (ICIM), Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
- Red Colaborativa Pediátrica de Latinoamérica (LARed Network)
- Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos Especializados, Casa de Galicia, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos de Niños, Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell, Cátedra de Anestesiología, Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Departamento de Post-Grado Pediatría, Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Investigación de Medicina Veterinaria, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sebastián González-Dambrauskas
- Red Colaborativa Pediátrica de Latinoamérica (LARed Network)
- Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos Especializados, Casa de Galicia, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos de Niños, Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Federico Cristiani
- Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell, Cátedra de Anestesiología, Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Daniel R Casanova
- Departamento de Post-Grado Pediatría, Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo Cruces
- Unidad de Paciente Crítico Pediátrico, Departamento de Pediatría, Hospital El Carmen de Maipú, Santiago, Chile
- Red Colaborativa Pediátrica de Latinoamérica (LARed Network)
- Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell, Cátedra de Anestesiología, Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Centro de Investigación de Medicina Veterinaria, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
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16
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Waliłko J, Bronowicka P, He J, Brytek-Matera A. Dieting and Disinhibited Eating Patterns in Adult Women with Normal Body Weight: Does Rumination Matter? Nutrients 2021; 13:2475. [PMID: 34371984 PMCID: PMC8308631 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dieting and disinhibited eating patterns are presented in both clinical and nonclinical samples. Repetitive negative thinking (i.e., rumination) may lead to maladaptive eating behaviors. While numerous studies have focused on dieting and disinhibited eating behaviors in clinical samples, less is known about these behaviors in nonclinical samples with normal body weight. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore how dieting, uncontrolled eating and emotional eating are related to rumination in adult women with normal body weight. One hundred eighty-eight women (Mage = 29.46 ± 8.94; MBMI = 23.16 ± 4.04) were involved in the current study. The Eating Attitudes Test, the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-R18 and the Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire were administered to the participants. The results showed that repetitive negative thinking was a partial mediator in the relationship between dieting and uncontrolled eating, as well as in the relationship between dieting and emotional eating. Targeting repetitive negative thinking may be important for reducing disinhibited eating patterns in women with normal body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Waliłko
- Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, 50-527 Wroclaw, Poland; (J.W.); (P.B.)
| | - Paulina Bronowicka
- Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, 50-527 Wroclaw, Poland; (J.W.); (P.B.)
| | - Jinbo He
- School of Humanities and Social Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China;
| | - Anna Brytek-Matera
- Faculty of Psychology in Katowice, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, 40-326 Katowice, Poland
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17
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Miyagi S, Takamura T, Nguyen TTT, Tsujiguchi H, Hara A, Nakamura H, Suzuki K, Tajima A, Kannon T, Toyama T, Kambayashi Y, Nakamura H. Moderate alcohol consumption is associated with impaired insulin secretion and fasting glucose in non-obese non-diabetic men. J Diabetes Investig 2021; 12:869-876. [PMID: 32910554 PMCID: PMC8089003 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION A low insulin secretion capacity has been implicated in the high prevalence of non-obese diabetes in East Asians. As alcohol consumption alters insulin and glucose metabolism, we tested the hypothesis that alcohol consumption contributes to impaired insulin secretion and glucose intolerance in lean/normal-weight non-diabetic Japanese men. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study was undertaken among the residents of Shika town, Japan, between 2011 and 2017. A total of 402 non-diabetic men, including participants with normal fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and impaired FPG (FPG 5.6-6.9 mmol/L), and aged ≥40 years, were examined. FPG, the homeostasis model assessment of insulin secretion capacity (HOMA-B) and alcohol consumption were evaluated and compared between the body mass index (BMI) <25 and BMI ≥25 groups. RESULTS HOMA-B levels were lower in the BMI <25 group than in the BMI ≥25 group. Alcohol consumption correlated with a low HOMA-B level regardless of BMI, and, thus, the HOMA-B levels of alcohol drinkers were significantly lower in the BMI <25 group. A multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that alcohol consumption, even light-to-moderate consumption (1-25 g/day), was associated with significantly low levels of HOMA-B and impaired FPG in the BMI <25 group. Among participants with impaired FPG, a low level of HOMA-B was observed in alcohol drinkers, but not in non-drinkers. In contrast, light-to-moderate alcohol consumption was not related to HOMA-B or FPG in the BMI ≥25-group. CONCLUSION Alcohol consumption, even a small amount, might contribute to reductions in HOMA-B levels and impaired FPG in lean/normal-weight Japanese men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakae Miyagi
- Department of Environmental and Preventive MedicineGraduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical SciencesKanazawa UniversityKanazawaJapan
- Innovative Clinical Research CenterKanazawa UniversityKanazawaJapan
| | - Toshinari Takamura
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismKanazawa University Graduate School of Medical SciencesKanazawa UniversityKanazawaJapan
| | - Thao Thi Thu Nguyen
- Department of Environmental and Preventive MedicineGraduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical SciencesKanazawa UniversityKanazawaJapan
| | - Hiromasa Tsujiguchi
- Department of Environmental and Preventive MedicineGraduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical SciencesKanazawa UniversityKanazawaJapan
| | - Akinori Hara
- Department of Environmental and Preventive MedicineGraduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical SciencesKanazawa UniversityKanazawaJapan
| | - Haruki Nakamura
- Department of Environmental and Preventive MedicineGraduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical SciencesKanazawa UniversityKanazawaJapan
| | - Keita Suzuki
- Department of Environmental and Preventive MedicineGraduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical SciencesKanazawa UniversityKanazawaJapan
| | - Atsushi Tajima
- Department of Bioinformatics and GenomicsGraduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical SciencesKanazawa UniversityKanazawaJapan
| | - Takayuki Kannon
- Department of Bioinformatics and GenomicsGraduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical SciencesKanazawa UniversityKanazawaJapan
| | - Tadashi Toyama
- Innovative Clinical Research CenterKanazawa UniversityKanazawaJapan
| | - Yasuhiro Kambayashi
- Department of Public HealthFaculty of VeterinaryOkayama University of ScienceOkayamaJapan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakamura
- Department of Environmental and Preventive MedicineGraduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical SciencesKanazawa UniversityKanazawaJapan
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18
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Abstract
Simple formulas for estimating ideal body weight (IBW) and normalized lean weight (NLW) are proposed here. The equations are as follows:[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]where W is equal to total patient weight in kilograms and BMI is the body mass index in units of kg/m2. The calculated values are equivalent for practical purposes to previously published formulas.
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Affiliation(s)
- John H P Friesen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, University of Manitoba, 2nd Floor, Harry Medovy House, 671 William Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 0Z2, Canada.
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19
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Onyschenko AV, Sheshukova OV, Yeroshenko HA. CLINICAL AND CYTOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE GUMS IN CHILDREN OF PRIMARY SCHOOL AGE WITH NORMAL BODY WEIGHT AND OVERWEIGHT. Wiad Lek 2021; 74:423-428. [PMID: 33813444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the research was to study the cellular composition of the gums in children of primary school age with normal body weight and overweight for further use of this data in the early diagnostics of periodontal diseases. PATIENTS AND METHODS Materials and methods: We examined 81 children aged from 6 to 12 years. Cytological examination of gingival cytograms was performed in all examined children. RESULTS Results: Based on the analysis of the quantitative content of epithelial cells in children with normal body weight, their ratio was established, which is determined by the percentage of 0: 6: 94 (parabasal, intermediate, superficial). The obtained data completely coincide with the percentage of the differentiated ratio of epitheliocytes of multilayered squamous epithelium in children with normal body weight with inflammation and without it in the periodontal tissues. Our cytological examinations of gingival scrape smears in overweight children in contrast to the results of the study of epithelial scrape smears in children with normal body weight have some differences. Thus, in the process of calculation, the degree of differentiation of various epitheliocytes determines their percentage as follows - 3: 7: 90 (parabasal, intermediate, superficial) for children with gingivitis, and 2: 5: 93 (parabasal, intermediate, superficial) for children without inflammation in the periodontal tissues. CONCLUSION Conclusions: The obtained results allowed us to conclude that in overweight children, in contrast to children with normal body weight, the number of parabasal cells decreases, and the number of superficial and intermediate cells increases.
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20
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Bellissimo MP, Bettermann EL, Tran PH, Crain BH, Ferranti EP, Binongo JN, Hartman TJ, Jones DP, Ziegler TR, Alvarez JA. Physical Fitness but Not Diet Quality Distinguishes Lean and Normal Weight Obese Adults. J Acad Nutr Diet 2020; 120:1963-1973.e2. [PMID: 33011149 PMCID: PMC7686254 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2020.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with normal weight obesity (NWO) have increased cardiometabolic disease and mortality risk, but factors contributing to NWO development are unknown. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to determine whether diet quality scores and physical fitness levels differed between adults classified as lean, NWO, and overweight-obese. Secondary objectives of the study were to compare clinical biomarkers and food groups and macronutrient intakes between the three groups, and to test for associations between body composition components with diet quality scores and physical fitness levels. DESIGN This is a secondary data analysis from a cross-sectional study that included metropolitan university and health care system employees. Body composition was measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. Individuals with a body mass index <25 kg/m2 and body fat >23% for men and >30% for women were classified as having NWO. Alternate Healthy Eating Index, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension score, and Mediterranean Diet Score were calculated from Block food frequency questionnaires. Physical fitness was assessed by measuring maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 maximum) during treadmill testing. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING This study included 693 adults (65% women, mean age 48.9 ± 11.5 years) enrolled between 2007 and 2013 in Atlanta, GA. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The main outcome measures were Alternate Healthy Eating Index, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension, and Mediterranean Diet Score diet quality scores and maximal oxygen uptake. STATISTICAL ANALYSES Multiple linear regression analyses with post hoc comparisons were used to investigate group differences in fitness, diet quality, and biomarkers. Regression analyses were also used to examine relationships between diet quality scores and fitness with body composition. RESULTS VO2 maximum was significantly lower in the NWO compared with the lean group (36.2 ± 0.8 mL/min/kg vs 40.2 ± 1.0 mL/min/kg; P < 0.05). Individuals with NWO reported similar diet quality to lean individuals and more favorable Alternate Healthy Eating Index and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension scores than individuals with overweight-obesity (P < 0.05). Diet quality scores and physical fitness levels were inversely associated with percent body fat and visceral adipose tissue (P < 0.05), regardless of weight status. Individuals with NWO exhibited higher fasting blood insulin concentrations, insulin resistance, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride levels, and significantly lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels than lean individuals (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Physical fitness was significantly decreased in individuals with NWO compared with lean individuals. Higher diet quality was associated with decreased total and visceral fat but did not distinguish individuals with NWO from lean individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moriah P. Bellissimo
- Nutrition and Health Sciences Doctoral Program, Laney Graduate School, Emory University; Atlanta, GA, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipids, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA, USA
- Emory Center for Clinical and Molecular Nutrition, Emory University; Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Erika L. Bettermann
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipids, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Phong H. Tran
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipids, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Benjamin H. Crain
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipids, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Erin P. Ferranti
- Nell Hodgson School of Nursing, Emory University; Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jose N. Binongo
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University; Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Terryl J. Hartman
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University; Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Dean P. Jones
- Emory Center for Clinical and Molecular Nutrition, Emory University; Atlanta, GA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA, USA
- Clinical Biomarkers Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Thomas R. Ziegler
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipids, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA, USA
- Emory Center for Clinical and Molecular Nutrition, Emory University; Atlanta, GA, USA
- Section of Endocrinology, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Decatur, GA, USA
| | - Jessica A. Alvarez
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipids, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA, USA
- Emory Center for Clinical and Molecular Nutrition, Emory University; Atlanta, GA, USA
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21
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de Mulder PR, Devlieger R. [A healthy weight during pregnancy: A dynamic advice]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2020; 164:D5047. [PMID: 33332037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Suboptimal weight gain during pregnancy is a modifiable risk factor that endangers the health of both mother and child. Although severe adverse birth outcomes have been reported, a lot of ignorance remains about the ideal weight during pregnancy. Multiple determinants influence the expected weight gain, but in practice, medicals emphasize the individual approach too little. This article represents a comment based on a recent population-based retrospective cohort study (2004-2013) that assumed some associations between gestational weight gain and adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes. The aim of this comment is to provide a critical evaluation of the publication and create clarity about the optimal weight gain according to periconceptional BMI. Even more, our goal is to underscore the importance of an individual approach. Pregnant women should at least step on the balance every prenatal visit, and extra attention is required is obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulien R de Mulder
- UZ Gent, afd. Gynaecologie en Verloskunde, Gent
- Contact: Paulien R. de Mulder
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22
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Bourdier L, Fatseas M, Maria AS, Carre A, Berthoz S. The Psycho-Affective Roots of Obesity: Results from a French Study in the General Population. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12102962. [PMID: 32998238 PMCID: PMC7650670 DOI: 10.3390/nu12102962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to examine the extent to which obese people differ in their emotionally driven and addictive-like eating behaviors from normal-weight and overweight people. A total of 1142 participants were recruited from a general population, by a web-based cross-sectional survey assessing anxiety/depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), emotional eating (Emotional Appetite Questionnaire), food addiction (modified Yale Food Addiction Scale), and intuitive eating (Intuitive Eating Scale-2). The statistical design was based on analyses of (co)variance, correlograms, and mediations. A set of Body Mass Index (BMI) group comparisons showed that obese people reported higher levels of depression and emotional eating and that they experienced more severe and frequent food addiction symptoms than overweight and normal-weight people. Associations between anxiety, depression, food addiction symptoms’ count, and the difficulties to rely on hunger and satiety cues were found across all weight classes, suggesting that addictive-like eating may represent a unique phenotype of problematic eating behavior that is not synonymous with high BMI or obesity. Conversely, the interrelation between anxiety/depression, emotional eating, and the difficulties to rely on hunger and satiety cues was found only among obese participants, and negative emotional eating mediated the association between depression and anxiety and the difficulties to rely on hunger and satiety cues. This study emphasizes the necessity to develop more comprehensive approaches integrating emotional dysregulation and addictive-like eating behaviors to improve weight management and quality of life of obese people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Bourdier
- Addictology Department, University Hospital of Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France;
- Correspondence:
| | - Melina Fatseas
- Addictology Department, University Hospital of Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France;
- CNRS, EPHE, INCIA, UMR 5287, Université de Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France;
| | - Anne-Solène Maria
- Private Practice, Stimulus Consulting Ltd., Coastal Road, Cascavelle 90203, Mauritius;
- UVSQ, CESP, INSERM, Université Paris-Sud and Université Paris Descartes, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Arnaud Carre
- LIP/PC2S, Grenoble Alpes University and Savoie Mont Blanc University, F-38000 Grenoble, France;
| | - Sylvie Berthoz
- CNRS, EPHE, INCIA, UMR 5287, Université de Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France;
- Department of Psychiatry for Adolescents and Young Adults, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, 75014 Paris, France
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Hajishafiee M, Ullrich SS, Steinert RE, Poppitt SD, Luscombe-Marsh ND, Horowitz M, Feinle-Bisset C. Effects of intragastric tryptophan on acute changes in the plasma tryptophan/large neutral amino acids ratio and relationship with subsequent energy intake in lean and obese men. Food Funct 2020; 11:7095-7103. [PMID: 32729586 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00773k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Circulating tryptophan/large neutral amino acids (tryptophan/LNAA) ratio, an indicator of brain serotonin levels, may be important in appetite regulation, together with gastrointestinal (gastric emptying, plasma cholecystokinin) mechanisms. We have compared effects of intragastric tryptophan ('Trp') on the plasma tryptophan/LNAA ratio in lean and obese men, and the associations of the tryptophan/LNAA ratio, gastric emptying and CCK concentrations with energy intake. Lean and obese male participants (n = 16 each) received 3 g Trp or volume-matched control intragastrically, 15 min before a mixed-nutrient drink (300 mL, 400 kcal) (t = 0 min) in randomised, double-blind fashion. Plasma amino acid (for calculation of the plasma tryptophan/LNAA ratio) and CCK concentrations were measured from t = -20-60 min. Gastric emptying was assessed from t = 0-60 min, and ad-libitum energy intake from a standardised buffet-style meal from t = 60-90 min. The increase in the plasma tryptophan/LNAA ratio was less in obese, than lean, participants (P < 0.05), and greater in lean participants who reduced their energy intake (by >0 kcal) after Trp compared with those who did not (by ≤0 kcal) (P < 0.05). Moreover, in participants who reduced their energy intake, the ratio was lower in obese, than in lean (P < 0.05). There was a trend for an inverse correlation between energy intake with the plasma tryptophan/LNAA ratio in lean (r = -0.4, P = 0.08), but not in obese, participants. There was no significant difference in gastric emptying or CCK between participants who reduced their energy intake and those who did not. In conclusion, the plasma tryptophan/LNAA ratio appears to be a determinant of the suppression of energy intake in response to tryptophan in normal-weight people, but not in those with obesity. The role of the plasma tryptophan/LNAA ratio to regulate energy intake, and potential changes in obesity, warrant evaluation in prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Hajishafiee
- Adelaide Medical School and Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
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Zarychta K, Horodyska K, Chan CKY. Body areas satisfaction and body mass in adolescents: mediating effects of actual- ideal body weight discrepancies. Eat Weight Disord 2020; 25:1011-1019. [PMID: 31175619 PMCID: PMC7399669 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-019-00722-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims at investigating prospective associations between body areas satisfaction (BAS), actual (objectively measured)-ideal body weight discrepancy, actual (self-reported)-ideal body weight discrepancy and BMI among adolescents from the general population. METHODS Data were collected at three measurement points: baseline (T1), 2-month follow-up (T2), 13-month follow-up (T3) among 1011 adolescents (59.3% girls) aged 13-19 years (M = 16.30, SD = 0.82) with BMIs ranging from 15.20 to 38.78 (M = 20.01, SD = 3.33). Adolescents completed questionnaires regarding BAS (T1), actual and ideal body weight (T2). Body weight and height were measured objectively (T1 and T3). RESULTS Adolescents satisfied with most areas of their bodies had lower levels of actual (objectively measured)-ideal body weight discrepancy, which in turn predicted higher BMI, while lower levels of actual (self-reported)-ideal body weight discrepancy predicted lower BMI. No moderating effect of gender was found. CONCLUSIONS Actual-ideal weight discrepancies may operate in complex manner prompting opposite effects on BMI. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III, longitudinal study without control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Zarychta
- Wroclaw Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities in Wroclaw, 30b Ostrowskiego Street, 53-238, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Karolina Horodyska
- Wroclaw Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities in Wroclaw, 30b Ostrowskiego Street, 53-238, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Carina K Y Chan
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
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Zarychta K, Banik A, Kulis E, Boberska M, Radtke T, Chan CKY, Lobczowska K, Luszczynska A. Do Parent-Child Dyads with Excessive Body Mass Differ from Dyads with Normal Body Mass in Perceptions of Obesogenic Environment? Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12072149. [PMID: 32707698 PMCID: PMC7400889 DOI: 10.3390/nu12072149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This study addressed differences between parent–child dyads with excessive body mass (overweight or obesity) and dyads with normal body mass in obesity determinants, derived from social-ecological models. It was hypothesized that parents and their 5–11 years-old children with excessive body mass would (1) report lower availability of healthy food at home, (2) perceive fewer school/local community healthy eating promotion programs, (3) report lower persuasive value of food advertising. Methods: Data were collected twice (T1, baseline; T2, 10-month follow-up), including n = 129 parent–child dyads with excessive body mass and n = 377 parent–child dyads with normal body mass. Self-reported data were collected from parents and children; with body weight and height assessed objectively. General linear models (including analysis of variance with repeated measures) were performed to test the hypotheses. Results: Compared to dyads with normal body mass, dyads of parents and children with excessive body mass perceived lower availability of healthy food at home and fewer healthy eating promotion programs at school/local community (T1 and T2). These effects remained significant after controlling for sociodemographic variables. No significant differences in persuasive value of food advertising were found. Conclusions: Perceptions of availability of healthy food at home and healthy nutrition promotion may be relatively low in parent–child dyads with excessive weight which, in turn, may constitute a risk factor for maintenance of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Zarychta
- Wroclaw Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, 53-238 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.B.); (E.K.); (M.B.); (K.L.)
- Correspondence: (K.Z.); (A.L.)
| | - Anna Banik
- Wroclaw Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, 53-238 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.B.); (E.K.); (M.B.); (K.L.)
| | - Ewa Kulis
- Wroclaw Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, 53-238 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.B.); (E.K.); (M.B.); (K.L.)
| | - Monika Boberska
- Wroclaw Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, 53-238 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.B.); (E.K.); (M.B.); (K.L.)
| | - Theda Radtke
- School of Psychology and Psychotherapy, Witten/Herdecke University, 58456 Witten, Germany;
| | - Carina K. Y. Chan
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Flora Hill, VIC 3550, Australia;
| | - Karolina Lobczowska
- Wroclaw Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, 53-238 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.B.); (E.K.); (M.B.); (K.L.)
| | - Aleksandra Luszczynska
- Wroclaw Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, 53-238 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.B.); (E.K.); (M.B.); (K.L.)
- Trauma, Health, & Hazards Center, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO 80918, USA
- Correspondence: (K.Z.); (A.L.)
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Bouzas C, Bibiloni MDM, Julibert A, Ruiz-Canela M, Salas-Salvadó J, Corella D, Zomeño MD, Romaguera D, Vioque J, Alonso-Gómez ÁM, Wärnberg J, Martínez JA, Serra-Majem L, Estruch R, Tinahones FJ, Lapetra J, Pintó X, García Ríos A, Bueno-Cavanillas A, Gaforio JJ, Matía-Martín P, Daimiel L, Martín-Sánchez V, Vidal J, Vázquez C, Ros E, Fernandez-Lázaro CI, Becerra-Tomás N, Gimenez-Alba IM, Muñoz J, Morey M, Oncina-Canovas A, Tojal-Sierra L, Pérez-López J, Abete I, Casañas-Quintana T, Castro-Barquero S, Bernal-López MR, Santos-Lozano JM, Galera A, Angullo-Martinez E, Basterra-Gortari FJ, Basora J, Saiz C, Castañer O, Martín M, Notario-Barandiarán L, Belló-Mora MC, Sayón-Orea C, García-Gavilán J, Goday A, Tur JA. Adherence to the Mediterranean Lifestyle and Desired Body Weight Loss in a Mediterranean Adult Population with Overweight: A PREDIMED-Plus Study. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12072114. [PMID: 32708828 PMCID: PMC7400596 DOI: 10.3390/nu12072114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. Body weight dissatisfaction is a hindrance to following a healthy lifestyle and it has been associated with weight concerns. Objectives. The aim of this study was to assess the association between the adherence to the Mediterranean lifestyle (diet and exercise) and the desired body weight loss in an adult Mediterranean population with overweight. Methods. Cross-sectional analysis in 6355 participants (3268 men; 3087 women) with metabolic syndrome and BMI (Body mass index) between 27.0 and 40.0 kg/m2 (55–75 years old) from the PREDIMED-Plus trial. Desired weight loss was the percentage of weight that participants wished to lose. It was categorized into four cut-offs of this percentage (Q1: <10%, n = 1495; Q2: 10–15%, n = 1804; Q3: <15–20%, n = 1470; Q4: ≥20%, n = 1589). Diet was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire and a 17-item Mediterranean diet questionnaire. Physical activity was assessed by the validated Minnesota-REGICOR and the validated Spanish version of the Nurses’ Health Study questionnaire. Results. Participants reporting higher percentages of desired weight loss (Q3 and Q4) were younger, had higher real and perceived BMI and were more likely to have abdominal obesity. Desired weight loss correlated inversely to physical activity (Q1: 2106 MET min/week; Q4: 1585 MET min/week. p < 0.001) and adherence to Mediterranean diet (Q1: 8.7; Q4: 8.3. p < 0.001). Conclusions. In older Mediterranean individuals with weight excess, desired weight loss was inversely associated with Mediterranean lifestyle adherence. Deeply rooted aspects of the MedDiet remained similar across groups. Longitudinal research is advised to be able to establish causality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Bouzas
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.B.); (M.d.M.B.); (A.J.); (M.R.-C.); (J.S.-S.); (D.C.); (M.D.Z.); (D.R.); (Á.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (A.G.R.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (C.I.F.-L.); (N.B.-T.); (I.M.G.-A.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.P.-L.); (I.A.); (T.C.-Q.); (S.C.-B.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (A.G.); (E.A.-M.); (F.J.B.-G.); (J.B.); (C.S.); (O.C.); (M.M.); (M.C.B.-M.); (C.S.-O.); (J.G.-G.); (A.G.)
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands, Guillem Colom Bldg, Campus, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain;
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Maria del Mar Bibiloni
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.B.); (M.d.M.B.); (A.J.); (M.R.-C.); (J.S.-S.); (D.C.); (M.D.Z.); (D.R.); (Á.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (A.G.R.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (C.I.F.-L.); (N.B.-T.); (I.M.G.-A.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.P.-L.); (I.A.); (T.C.-Q.); (S.C.-B.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (A.G.); (E.A.-M.); (F.J.B.-G.); (J.B.); (C.S.); (O.C.); (M.M.); (M.C.B.-M.); (C.S.-O.); (J.G.-G.); (A.G.)
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands, Guillem Colom Bldg, Campus, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain;
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Alicia Julibert
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.B.); (M.d.M.B.); (A.J.); (M.R.-C.); (J.S.-S.); (D.C.); (M.D.Z.); (D.R.); (Á.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (A.G.R.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (C.I.F.-L.); (N.B.-T.); (I.M.G.-A.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.P.-L.); (I.A.); (T.C.-Q.); (S.C.-B.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (A.G.); (E.A.-M.); (F.J.B.-G.); (J.B.); (C.S.); (O.C.); (M.M.); (M.C.B.-M.); (C.S.-O.); (J.G.-G.); (A.G.)
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands, Guillem Colom Bldg, Campus, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain;
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Miguel Ruiz-Canela
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.B.); (M.d.M.B.); (A.J.); (M.R.-C.); (J.S.-S.); (D.C.); (M.D.Z.); (D.R.); (Á.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (A.G.R.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (C.I.F.-L.); (N.B.-T.); (I.M.G.-A.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.P.-L.); (I.A.); (T.C.-Q.); (S.C.-B.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (A.G.); (E.A.-M.); (F.J.B.-G.); (J.B.); (C.S.); (O.C.); (M.M.); (M.C.B.-M.); (C.S.-O.); (J.G.-G.); (A.G.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, IdISNA, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.B.); (M.d.M.B.); (A.J.); (M.R.-C.); (J.S.-S.); (D.C.); (M.D.Z.); (D.R.); (Á.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (A.G.R.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (C.I.F.-L.); (N.B.-T.); (I.M.G.-A.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.P.-L.); (I.A.); (T.C.-Q.); (S.C.-B.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (A.G.); (E.A.-M.); (F.J.B.-G.); (J.B.); (C.S.); (O.C.); (M.M.); (M.C.B.-M.); (C.S.-O.); (J.G.-G.); (A.G.)
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Human Nutrition Unit, 43201 Reus, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Dolores Corella
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.B.); (M.d.M.B.); (A.J.); (M.R.-C.); (J.S.-S.); (D.C.); (M.D.Z.); (D.R.); (Á.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (A.G.R.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (C.I.F.-L.); (N.B.-T.); (I.M.G.-A.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.P.-L.); (I.A.); (T.C.-Q.); (S.C.-B.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (A.G.); (E.A.-M.); (F.J.B.-G.); (J.B.); (C.S.); (O.C.); (M.M.); (M.C.B.-M.); (C.S.-O.); (J.G.-G.); (A.G.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria Dolors Zomeño
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.B.); (M.d.M.B.); (A.J.); (M.R.-C.); (J.S.-S.); (D.C.); (M.D.Z.); (D.R.); (Á.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (A.G.R.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (C.I.F.-L.); (N.B.-T.); (I.M.G.-A.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.P.-L.); (I.A.); (T.C.-Q.); (S.C.-B.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (A.G.); (E.A.-M.); (F.J.B.-G.); (J.B.); (C.S.); (O.C.); (M.M.); (M.C.B.-M.); (C.S.-O.); (J.G.-G.); (A.G.)
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas Municipal d’Investigació Mèdica (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Blanquerna School of Health Sciences, Universitat Ramon Llull, 08022 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dora Romaguera
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.B.); (M.d.M.B.); (A.J.); (M.R.-C.); (J.S.-S.); (D.C.); (M.D.Z.); (D.R.); (Á.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (A.G.R.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (C.I.F.-L.); (N.B.-T.); (I.M.G.-A.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.P.-L.); (I.A.); (T.C.-Q.); (S.C.-B.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (A.G.); (E.A.-M.); (F.J.B.-G.); (J.B.); (C.S.); (O.C.); (M.M.); (M.C.B.-M.); (C.S.-O.); (J.G.-G.); (A.G.)
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Jesús Vioque
- Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology, Miguel Hernández University, ISABIAL-UMH, 46020 Alicante, Spain; (J.V.); (A.O.-C.); (L.N.-B.)
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.B.-C.); (J.J.G.)
| | - Ángel M. Alonso-Gómez
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.B.); (M.d.M.B.); (A.J.); (M.R.-C.); (J.S.-S.); (D.C.); (M.D.Z.); (D.R.); (Á.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (A.G.R.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (C.I.F.-L.); (N.B.-T.); (I.M.G.-A.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.P.-L.); (I.A.); (T.C.-Q.); (S.C.-B.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (A.G.); (E.A.-M.); (F.J.B.-G.); (J.B.); (C.S.); (O.C.); (M.M.); (M.C.B.-M.); (C.S.-O.); (J.G.-G.); (A.G.)
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute; Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba University Hospital, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48013 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Julia Wärnberg
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.B.); (M.d.M.B.); (A.J.); (M.R.-C.); (J.S.-S.); (D.C.); (M.D.Z.); (D.R.); (Á.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (A.G.R.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (C.I.F.-L.); (N.B.-T.); (I.M.G.-A.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.P.-L.); (I.A.); (T.C.-Q.); (S.C.-B.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (A.G.); (E.A.-M.); (F.J.B.-G.); (J.B.); (C.S.); (O.C.); (M.M.); (M.C.B.-M.); (C.S.-O.); (J.G.-G.); (A.G.)
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Málaga-IBIMA, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - J. Alfredo Martínez
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.B.); (M.d.M.B.); (A.J.); (M.R.-C.); (J.S.-S.); (D.C.); (M.D.Z.); (D.R.); (Á.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (A.G.R.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (C.I.F.-L.); (N.B.-T.); (I.M.G.-A.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.P.-L.); (I.A.); (T.C.-Q.); (S.C.-B.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (A.G.); (E.A.-M.); (F.J.B.-G.); (J.B.); (C.S.); (O.C.); (M.M.); (M.C.B.-M.); (C.S.-O.); (J.G.-G.); (A.G.)
- Precision Nutrition Program, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Luís Serra-Majem
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.B.); (M.d.M.B.); (A.J.); (M.R.-C.); (J.S.-S.); (D.C.); (M.D.Z.); (D.R.); (Á.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (A.G.R.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (C.I.F.-L.); (N.B.-T.); (I.M.G.-A.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.P.-L.); (I.A.); (T.C.-Q.); (S.C.-B.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (A.G.); (E.A.-M.); (F.J.B.-G.); (J.B.); (C.S.); (O.C.); (M.M.); (M.C.B.-M.); (C.S.-O.); (J.G.-G.); (A.G.)
- Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Ramon Estruch
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.B.); (M.d.M.B.); (A.J.); (M.R.-C.); (J.S.-S.); (D.C.); (M.D.Z.); (D.R.); (Á.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (A.G.R.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (C.I.F.-L.); (N.B.-T.); (I.M.G.-A.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.P.-L.); (I.A.); (T.C.-Q.); (S.C.-B.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (A.G.); (E.A.-M.); (F.J.B.-G.); (J.B.); (C.S.); (O.C.); (M.M.); (M.C.B.-M.); (C.S.-O.); (J.G.-G.); (A.G.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Tinahones
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.B.); (M.d.M.B.); (A.J.); (M.R.-C.); (J.S.-S.); (D.C.); (M.D.Z.); (D.R.); (Á.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (A.G.R.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (C.I.F.-L.); (N.B.-T.); (I.M.G.-A.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.P.-L.); (I.A.); (T.C.-Q.); (S.C.-B.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (A.G.); (E.A.-M.); (F.J.B.-G.); (J.B.); (C.S.); (O.C.); (M.M.); (M.C.B.-M.); (C.S.-O.); (J.G.-G.); (A.G.)
- Virgen de la Victoria Hospital, Department of Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga (IBIMA), University of Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - José Lapetra
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.B.); (M.d.M.B.); (A.J.); (M.R.-C.); (J.S.-S.); (D.C.); (M.D.Z.); (D.R.); (Á.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (A.G.R.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (C.I.F.-L.); (N.B.-T.); (I.M.G.-A.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.P.-L.); (I.A.); (T.C.-Q.); (S.C.-B.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (A.G.); (E.A.-M.); (F.J.B.-G.); (J.B.); (C.S.); (O.C.); (M.M.); (M.C.B.-M.); (C.S.-O.); (J.G.-G.); (A.G.)
- Department of Family Medicine, Research Unit, Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Xavier Pintó
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.B.); (M.d.M.B.); (A.J.); (M.R.-C.); (J.S.-S.); (D.C.); (M.D.Z.); (D.R.); (Á.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (A.G.R.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (C.I.F.-L.); (N.B.-T.); (I.M.G.-A.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.P.-L.); (I.A.); (T.C.-Q.); (S.C.-B.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (A.G.); (E.A.-M.); (F.J.B.-G.); (J.B.); (C.S.); (O.C.); (M.M.); (M.C.B.-M.); (C.S.-O.); (J.G.-G.); (A.G.)
- Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio García Ríos
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.B.); (M.d.M.B.); (A.J.); (M.R.-C.); (J.S.-S.); (D.C.); (M.D.Z.); (D.R.); (Á.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (A.G.R.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (C.I.F.-L.); (N.B.-T.); (I.M.G.-A.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.P.-L.); (I.A.); (T.C.-Q.); (S.C.-B.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (A.G.); (E.A.-M.); (F.J.B.-G.); (J.B.); (C.S.); (O.C.); (M.M.); (M.C.B.-M.); (C.S.-O.); (J.G.-G.); (A.G.)
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Aurora Bueno-Cavanillas
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.B.-C.); (J.J.G.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - José J. Gaforio
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.B.-C.); (J.J.G.)
- Department of Health Sciences, Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Olivar y Aceites de Oliva, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain
| | - Pilar Matía-Martín
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Lidia Daimiel
- Nutritional Genomics and Epigenomics Group, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Vicente Martín-Sánchez
- CIBER Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Josep Vidal
- Department of Endocrinology, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Clotilde Vázquez
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.B.); (M.d.M.B.); (A.J.); (M.R.-C.); (J.S.-S.); (D.C.); (M.D.Z.); (D.R.); (Á.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (A.G.R.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (C.I.F.-L.); (N.B.-T.); (I.M.G.-A.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.P.-L.); (I.A.); (T.C.-Q.); (S.C.-B.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (A.G.); (E.A.-M.); (F.J.B.-G.); (J.B.); (C.S.); (O.C.); (M.M.); (M.C.B.-M.); (C.S.-O.); (J.G.-G.); (A.G.)
- Department of Endocrinology, Fundación Jiménez-Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Ros
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.B.); (M.d.M.B.); (A.J.); (M.R.-C.); (J.S.-S.); (D.C.); (M.D.Z.); (D.R.); (Á.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (A.G.R.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (C.I.F.-L.); (N.B.-T.); (I.M.G.-A.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.P.-L.); (I.A.); (T.C.-Q.); (S.C.-B.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (A.G.); (E.A.-M.); (F.J.B.-G.); (J.B.); (C.S.); (O.C.); (M.M.); (M.C.B.-M.); (C.S.-O.); (J.G.-G.); (A.G.)
- Lipid Clinic, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cesar Ignacio Fernandez-Lázaro
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.B.); (M.d.M.B.); (A.J.); (M.R.-C.); (J.S.-S.); (D.C.); (M.D.Z.); (D.R.); (Á.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (A.G.R.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (C.I.F.-L.); (N.B.-T.); (I.M.G.-A.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.P.-L.); (I.A.); (T.C.-Q.); (S.C.-B.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (A.G.); (E.A.-M.); (F.J.B.-G.); (J.B.); (C.S.); (O.C.); (M.M.); (M.C.B.-M.); (C.S.-O.); (J.G.-G.); (A.G.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, IdISNA, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Nerea Becerra-Tomás
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.B.); (M.d.M.B.); (A.J.); (M.R.-C.); (J.S.-S.); (D.C.); (M.D.Z.); (D.R.); (Á.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (A.G.R.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (C.I.F.-L.); (N.B.-T.); (I.M.G.-A.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.P.-L.); (I.A.); (T.C.-Q.); (S.C.-B.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (A.G.); (E.A.-M.); (F.J.B.-G.); (J.B.); (C.S.); (O.C.); (M.M.); (M.C.B.-M.); (C.S.-O.); (J.G.-G.); (A.G.)
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Human Nutrition Unit, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Ignacio Manuel Gimenez-Alba
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.B.); (M.d.M.B.); (A.J.); (M.R.-C.); (J.S.-S.); (D.C.); (M.D.Z.); (D.R.); (Á.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (A.G.R.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (C.I.F.-L.); (N.B.-T.); (I.M.G.-A.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.P.-L.); (I.A.); (T.C.-Q.); (S.C.-B.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (A.G.); (E.A.-M.); (F.J.B.-G.); (J.B.); (C.S.); (O.C.); (M.M.); (M.C.B.-M.); (C.S.-O.); (J.G.-G.); (A.G.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Julia Muñoz
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.B.); (M.d.M.B.); (A.J.); (M.R.-C.); (J.S.-S.); (D.C.); (M.D.Z.); (D.R.); (Á.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (A.G.R.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (C.I.F.-L.); (N.B.-T.); (I.M.G.-A.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.P.-L.); (I.A.); (T.C.-Q.); (S.C.-B.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (A.G.); (E.A.-M.); (F.J.B.-G.); (J.B.); (C.S.); (O.C.); (M.M.); (M.C.B.-M.); (C.S.-O.); (J.G.-G.); (A.G.)
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas Municipal d’Investigació Mèdica (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marga Morey
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.B.); (M.d.M.B.); (A.J.); (M.R.-C.); (J.S.-S.); (D.C.); (M.D.Z.); (D.R.); (Á.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (A.G.R.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (C.I.F.-L.); (N.B.-T.); (I.M.G.-A.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.P.-L.); (I.A.); (T.C.-Q.); (S.C.-B.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (A.G.); (E.A.-M.); (F.J.B.-G.); (J.B.); (C.S.); (O.C.); (M.M.); (M.C.B.-M.); (C.S.-O.); (J.G.-G.); (A.G.)
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Alejandro Oncina-Canovas
- Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology, Miguel Hernández University, ISABIAL-UMH, 46020 Alicante, Spain; (J.V.); (A.O.-C.); (L.N.-B.)
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.B.-C.); (J.J.G.)
| | - Lucas Tojal-Sierra
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands, Guillem Colom Bldg, Campus, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain;
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute; Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba University Hospital, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48013 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Jéssica Pérez-López
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.B.); (M.d.M.B.); (A.J.); (M.R.-C.); (J.S.-S.); (D.C.); (M.D.Z.); (D.R.); (Á.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (A.G.R.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (C.I.F.-L.); (N.B.-T.); (I.M.G.-A.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.P.-L.); (I.A.); (T.C.-Q.); (S.C.-B.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (A.G.); (E.A.-M.); (F.J.B.-G.); (J.B.); (C.S.); (O.C.); (M.M.); (M.C.B.-M.); (C.S.-O.); (J.G.-G.); (A.G.)
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Málaga-IBIMA, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Itziar Abete
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.B.); (M.d.M.B.); (A.J.); (M.R.-C.); (J.S.-S.); (D.C.); (M.D.Z.); (D.R.); (Á.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (A.G.R.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (C.I.F.-L.); (N.B.-T.); (I.M.G.-A.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.P.-L.); (I.A.); (T.C.-Q.); (S.C.-B.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (A.G.); (E.A.-M.); (F.J.B.-G.); (J.B.); (C.S.); (O.C.); (M.M.); (M.C.B.-M.); (C.S.-O.); (J.G.-G.); (A.G.)
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Tamara Casañas-Quintana
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.B.); (M.d.M.B.); (A.J.); (M.R.-C.); (J.S.-S.); (D.C.); (M.D.Z.); (D.R.); (Á.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (A.G.R.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (C.I.F.-L.); (N.B.-T.); (I.M.G.-A.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.P.-L.); (I.A.); (T.C.-Q.); (S.C.-B.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (A.G.); (E.A.-M.); (F.J.B.-G.); (J.B.); (C.S.); (O.C.); (M.M.); (M.C.B.-M.); (C.S.-O.); (J.G.-G.); (A.G.)
- Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Sara Castro-Barquero
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.B.); (M.d.M.B.); (A.J.); (M.R.-C.); (J.S.-S.); (D.C.); (M.D.Z.); (D.R.); (Á.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (A.G.R.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (C.I.F.-L.); (N.B.-T.); (I.M.G.-A.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.P.-L.); (I.A.); (T.C.-Q.); (S.C.-B.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (A.G.); (E.A.-M.); (F.J.B.-G.); (J.B.); (C.S.); (O.C.); (M.M.); (M.C.B.-M.); (C.S.-O.); (J.G.-G.); (A.G.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. Rosa Bernal-López
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.B.); (M.d.M.B.); (A.J.); (M.R.-C.); (J.S.-S.); (D.C.); (M.D.Z.); (D.R.); (Á.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (A.G.R.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (C.I.F.-L.); (N.B.-T.); (I.M.G.-A.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.P.-L.); (I.A.); (T.C.-Q.); (S.C.-B.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (A.G.); (E.A.-M.); (F.J.B.-G.); (J.B.); (C.S.); (O.C.); (M.M.); (M.C.B.-M.); (C.S.-O.); (J.G.-G.); (A.G.)
- Virgen de la Victoria Hospital, Department of Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga (IBIMA), University of Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - José Manuel Santos-Lozano
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.B.); (M.d.M.B.); (A.J.); (M.R.-C.); (J.S.-S.); (D.C.); (M.D.Z.); (D.R.); (Á.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (A.G.R.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (C.I.F.-L.); (N.B.-T.); (I.M.G.-A.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.P.-L.); (I.A.); (T.C.-Q.); (S.C.-B.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (A.G.); (E.A.-M.); (F.J.B.-G.); (J.B.); (C.S.); (O.C.); (M.M.); (M.C.B.-M.); (C.S.-O.); (J.G.-G.); (A.G.)
- Department of Family Medicine, Research Unit, Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ana Galera
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.B.); (M.d.M.B.); (A.J.); (M.R.-C.); (J.S.-S.); (D.C.); (M.D.Z.); (D.R.); (Á.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (A.G.R.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (C.I.F.-L.); (N.B.-T.); (I.M.G.-A.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.P.-L.); (I.A.); (T.C.-Q.); (S.C.-B.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (A.G.); (E.A.-M.); (F.J.B.-G.); (J.B.); (C.S.); (O.C.); (M.M.); (M.C.B.-M.); (C.S.-O.); (J.G.-G.); (A.G.)
- Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Escarlata Angullo-Martinez
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.B.); (M.d.M.B.); (A.J.); (M.R.-C.); (J.S.-S.); (D.C.); (M.D.Z.); (D.R.); (Á.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (A.G.R.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (C.I.F.-L.); (N.B.-T.); (I.M.G.-A.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.P.-L.); (I.A.); (T.C.-Q.); (S.C.-B.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (A.G.); (E.A.-M.); (F.J.B.-G.); (J.B.); (C.S.); (O.C.); (M.M.); (M.C.B.-M.); (C.S.-O.); (J.G.-G.); (A.G.)
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands, Guillem Colom Bldg, Campus, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain;
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Escola Graduada Primary Health Care Center, IBSalut, 07002 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - F. Javier Basterra-Gortari
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.B.); (M.d.M.B.); (A.J.); (M.R.-C.); (J.S.-S.); (D.C.); (M.D.Z.); (D.R.); (Á.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (A.G.R.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (C.I.F.-L.); (N.B.-T.); (I.M.G.-A.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.P.-L.); (I.A.); (T.C.-Q.); (S.C.-B.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (A.G.); (E.A.-M.); (F.J.B.-G.); (J.B.); (C.S.); (O.C.); (M.M.); (M.C.B.-M.); (C.S.-O.); (J.G.-G.); (A.G.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, IdISNA, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Servicio Navarro de Salud, Osasunbidea, 31071 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Josep Basora
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.B.); (M.d.M.B.); (A.J.); (M.R.-C.); (J.S.-S.); (D.C.); (M.D.Z.); (D.R.); (Á.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (A.G.R.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (C.I.F.-L.); (N.B.-T.); (I.M.G.-A.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.P.-L.); (I.A.); (T.C.-Q.); (S.C.-B.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (A.G.); (E.A.-M.); (F.J.B.-G.); (J.B.); (C.S.); (O.C.); (M.M.); (M.C.B.-M.); (C.S.-O.); (J.G.-G.); (A.G.)
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Human Nutrition Unit, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Carmen Saiz
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.B.); (M.d.M.B.); (A.J.); (M.R.-C.); (J.S.-S.); (D.C.); (M.D.Z.); (D.R.); (Á.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (A.G.R.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (C.I.F.-L.); (N.B.-T.); (I.M.G.-A.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.P.-L.); (I.A.); (T.C.-Q.); (S.C.-B.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (A.G.); (E.A.-M.); (F.J.B.-G.); (J.B.); (C.S.); (O.C.); (M.M.); (M.C.B.-M.); (C.S.-O.); (J.G.-G.); (A.G.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Olga Castañer
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.B.); (M.d.M.B.); (A.J.); (M.R.-C.); (J.S.-S.); (D.C.); (M.D.Z.); (D.R.); (Á.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (A.G.R.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (C.I.F.-L.); (N.B.-T.); (I.M.G.-A.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.P.-L.); (I.A.); (T.C.-Q.); (S.C.-B.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (A.G.); (E.A.-M.); (F.J.B.-G.); (J.B.); (C.S.); (O.C.); (M.M.); (M.C.B.-M.); (C.S.-O.); (J.G.-G.); (A.G.)
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas Municipal d’Investigació Mèdica (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marian Martín
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.B.); (M.d.M.B.); (A.J.); (M.R.-C.); (J.S.-S.); (D.C.); (M.D.Z.); (D.R.); (Á.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (A.G.R.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (C.I.F.-L.); (N.B.-T.); (I.M.G.-A.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.P.-L.); (I.A.); (T.C.-Q.); (S.C.-B.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (A.G.); (E.A.-M.); (F.J.B.-G.); (J.B.); (C.S.); (O.C.); (M.M.); (M.C.B.-M.); (C.S.-O.); (J.G.-G.); (A.G.)
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Leyre Notario-Barandiarán
- Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology, Miguel Hernández University, ISABIAL-UMH, 46020 Alicante, Spain; (J.V.); (A.O.-C.); (L.N.-B.)
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.B.-C.); (J.J.G.)
| | - María C. Belló-Mora
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.B.); (M.d.M.B.); (A.J.); (M.R.-C.); (J.S.-S.); (D.C.); (M.D.Z.); (D.R.); (Á.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (A.G.R.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (C.I.F.-L.); (N.B.-T.); (I.M.G.-A.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.P.-L.); (I.A.); (T.C.-Q.); (S.C.-B.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (A.G.); (E.A.-M.); (F.J.B.-G.); (J.B.); (C.S.); (O.C.); (M.M.); (M.C.B.-M.); (C.S.-O.); (J.G.-G.); (A.G.)
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute; Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba University Hospital, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48013 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Carmen Sayón-Orea
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.B.); (M.d.M.B.); (A.J.); (M.R.-C.); (J.S.-S.); (D.C.); (M.D.Z.); (D.R.); (Á.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (A.G.R.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (C.I.F.-L.); (N.B.-T.); (I.M.G.-A.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.P.-L.); (I.A.); (T.C.-Q.); (S.C.-B.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (A.G.); (E.A.-M.); (F.J.B.-G.); (J.B.); (C.S.); (O.C.); (M.M.); (M.C.B.-M.); (C.S.-O.); (J.G.-G.); (A.G.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, IdISNA, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Servicio Navarro de Salud, Osasunbidea, 31071 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jesús García-Gavilán
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.B.); (M.d.M.B.); (A.J.); (M.R.-C.); (J.S.-S.); (D.C.); (M.D.Z.); (D.R.); (Á.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (A.G.R.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (C.I.F.-L.); (N.B.-T.); (I.M.G.-A.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.P.-L.); (I.A.); (T.C.-Q.); (S.C.-B.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (A.G.); (E.A.-M.); (F.J.B.-G.); (J.B.); (C.S.); (O.C.); (M.M.); (M.C.B.-M.); (C.S.-O.); (J.G.-G.); (A.G.)
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Human Nutrition Unit, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Albert Goday
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.B.); (M.d.M.B.); (A.J.); (M.R.-C.); (J.S.-S.); (D.C.); (M.D.Z.); (D.R.); (Á.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (A.G.R.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (C.I.F.-L.); (N.B.-T.); (I.M.G.-A.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.P.-L.); (I.A.); (T.C.-Q.); (S.C.-B.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (A.G.); (E.A.-M.); (F.J.B.-G.); (J.B.); (C.S.); (O.C.); (M.M.); (M.C.B.-M.); (C.S.-O.); (J.G.-G.); (A.G.)
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas Municipal d’Investigació Mèdica (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep A. Tur
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.B.); (M.d.M.B.); (A.J.); (M.R.-C.); (J.S.-S.); (D.C.); (M.D.Z.); (D.R.); (Á.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (A.G.R.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (C.I.F.-L.); (N.B.-T.); (I.M.G.-A.); (J.M.); (M.M.); (J.P.-L.); (I.A.); (T.C.-Q.); (S.C.-B.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (A.G.); (E.A.-M.); (F.J.B.-G.); (J.B.); (C.S.); (O.C.); (M.M.); (M.C.B.-M.); (C.S.-O.); (J.G.-G.); (A.G.)
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands, Guillem Colom Bldg, Campus, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain;
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-971-1731; Fax: +34-971-173184
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Fukuda T, Tanaka M, Yamazaki M, Marunaka Y, Fukui M. Standard medical nutrition therapy of 25 kcal/kg ideal bodyweight/day often does not reach even resting energy expenditure for patients with type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes Investig 2020; 11:626-632. [PMID: 31659860 PMCID: PMC7232290 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION In Japan, an ideal bodyweight (IBW) calculated by 22 × height (m)2 has commonly been used in the planning of medical nutrition therapy (MNT). However, there have been concerns regarding calorie deficits in fulfilling resting energy expenditure (REE) for patients with type 2 diabetes undergoing MNT as defined by 25 kcal/kg IBW/day. The objective of the present study was to measure REE in patients with type 2 diabetes and verify the validity of MNT with 25 kcal/kg IBW/day. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out in 52 patients with type 2 diabetes (mean age was 65.9 ± 7.3 years, bodyweight 65.0 ± 11.3 kg, body mass index 24.9 ± 3.8 kg/m2 ). REE was measured by indirect calorimetry. RESULTS The mean REE was 1,601.0 ± 253.1 kcal/day. Assuming that all patients strictly observed daily energy intake as 25 kcal/kg IBW/day, 41 of 52 patients (78.9%) did not reach their REE. The greater the bodyweight, the greater the difference between assumed energy intake as 25 kcal/kg IBW and REE. CONCLUSIONS We call attention to the potential risk of total dietary energy intake set to 25 kcal/kg IBW/day. Clinicians should carefully plan MNT to not fall below a patient's REE to prevent sarcopenia and ensure MNT continuity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Fukuda
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGraduate School of Medical ScienceKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Muhei Tanaka
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGraduate School of Medical ScienceKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Masahiro Yamazaki
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGraduate School of Medical ScienceKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Yoshinori Marunaka
- Research Institute for Clinical PhysiologyKyoto Industrial Health AssociationKyotoJapan
- Research Center for Drug Discovery and Pharmaceutical Development ScienceResearch Organization of Science and TechnologyRitsumeikan UniversityKusatsuJapan
- Department of Molecular Cell PhysiologyGraduate School of Medical ScienceKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Michiaki Fukui
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGraduate School of Medical ScienceKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
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Shirasawa T, Ochiai H, Yoshimoto T, Nagahama S, Kobayashi M, Ohtsu I, Sunaga Y, Kokaze A. Associations between normal weight central obesity and cardiovascular disease risk factors in Japanese middle-aged adults: a cross-sectional study. J Health Popul Nutr 2019; 38:46. [PMID: 31849344 PMCID: PMC6918653 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-019-0201-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have shown that normal weight central obesity (NWCO) is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. However, studies conducted in the Japanese population have been very limited. Thus, the relationships between normal weight central obesity, classified using body mass index (BMI), the waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), and CVD risk factors in middle-aged Japanese adults were investigated. METHODS The participants were Japanese adults aged 40-64 years who had undergone periodic health examinations in Japan during the period from April 2013 to March 2014. The participants were categorized into the following four groups: normal weight (BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m2) and no central obesity (WHtR < 0.5) (NW); normal weight and central obesity (WHtR ≥ 0.5) (NWCO); obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) and no central obesity (OB); and obesity and central obesity (OBCO). Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg, or taking medication for hypertension. Dyslipidemia was defined as LDL-C ≥ 140 mg/dl, HDL-C < 40 mg/dl, triglyceride ≥ 150 mg/dl, or taking medication for dyslipidemia. Diabetes was defined as fasting plasma glucose ≥ 126 mg/dl, random plasma glucose ≥ 200 mg/dl, HbA1c ≥ 6.5%, or receiving medical treatment for diabetes mellitus. A logistic regression model was used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes. RESULTS A total of 117,163 participants (82,487 men and 34,676 women) were analyzed. The prevalence of NWCO was 15.6% in men and 30.2% in women. With reference to NW, the ORs for hypertension (adjusted OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.17-1.27 in men, 1.23, 1.16-1.31 in women), dyslipidemia (1.81, 1.74-1.89 in men, 1.60, 1.52-1.69 in women), and diabetes (1.35, 1.25-1.46 in men, 1.60, 1.35-1.90 in women) were significantly higher in NWCO. CONCLUSIONS Normal weight with central obesity was associated with CVD risk factors, such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes, compared with normal weight without central obesity, regardless of sex. It is important to focus on normal weight with central obesity for the prevention of CVD in Japanese middle-aged adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takako Shirasawa
- Department of Hygiene, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555 Japan
| | - Hirotaka Ochiai
- Department of Hygiene, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555 Japan
| | - Takahiko Yoshimoto
- Department of Hygiene, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555 Japan
| | - Satsue Nagahama
- All Japan Labor Welfare Foundation, 6-16-11 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-0064 Japan
| | - Mariko Kobayashi
- All Japan Labor Welfare Foundation, 6-16-11 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-0064 Japan
| | - Iichiro Ohtsu
- Department of Hygiene, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555 Japan
| | - Yuma Sunaga
- Department of Hygiene, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555 Japan
| | - Akatsuki Kokaze
- Department of Hygiene, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555 Japan
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Dorling JL, Bhapkar M, Das SK, Racette SB, Apolzan JW, Fearnbach SN, Redman LM, Myers CA, Stewart TM, Martin CK. Change in self-efficacy, eating behaviors and food cravings during two years of calorie restriction in humans without obesity. Appetite 2019; 143:104397. [PMID: 31398376 PMCID: PMC6766406 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2019.104397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Calorie restriction (CR) enhances longevity in humans who are normal weight, overweight and obese. While dietary regimens can change self-efficacy, eating behaviors, and food cravings in individuals with obesity, the responses of these measures to prolonged CR in individuals who are exclusively not obese is unknown. The aim of this analysis was to test the effects of a two-year CR intervention on self-efficacy and eating attitudes and behaviors in humans without obesity by analyzing data from the Comprehensive Assessment of Long-term Effects of Reducing Intake of Energy Phase 2 (CALERIE 2) study. Participants (n = 218, BMI range = 21.3-29.0 kg/m2) were randomized to a 25% CR group or an ad libitum (AL) group. Eating attitudes and behaviors and self-efficacy were assessed using validated questionnaires at baseline, month 12, and month 24. Dietary restraint and self-efficacy increased in the CR compared to the AL group (ES ≥ 0.32). Increased self-efficacy was negatively related to weight change (ρ < -0.24). In the CR group, males showed a reduction in cravings for carbohydrates and fats at month 24, whereas females did not. The CR group showed elevations in state hunger, which were transient, and disinhibited eating (ES ≥ 0.37). In individuals without obesity, dietary restraint and self-efficacy could be important in promoting long-term CR for individuals looking to use CR as a tool to improve longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sai Krupa Das
- Jean Mayer, US Department of Agriculture, Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Susan B Racette
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - John W Apolzan
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Corby K Martin
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
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Lundegaard Asferg C, Bjørn Andersen U, Linneberg A, Goetze JP, Holst JJ, Jeppesen JL. Copeptin, a surrogate marker for arginine vasopressin secretion, is positively associated with glucagon. Diabet Med 2019; 36:1408-1411. [PMID: 30242900 DOI: 10.1111/dme.13820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM To explore the association of plasma copeptin, the C-terminal portion of provasopressin and a stable surrogate marker for arginine vasopressin secretion, with plasma glucagon in obese men and men of normal weight. METHODS We measured fasting blood concentrations of copeptin and glucagon in 102 healthy obese men (mean ± sd age 49.4 ± 10.2 years) and a control group 27 healthy men of normal weight (mean ± sd age 51.5 ± 8.4 years). Differences between groups were evaluated using t-tests, and multiple linear regression analysis, adjusting for age and weight status (normal weight vs obese), was used to calculate unstandardized regression coefficients (β) with 95% CIs between copeptin and glucagon. Copeptin was (natural) log-transformed. RESULTS The obese men had higher [median (interquartile range)] plasma copeptin concentrations [6.6 (4.6-9.5) vs 4.9 (3.5-6.8) pmol/l; P = 0.040] and higher mean ± sd plasma glucagon concentrations (8.5 ± 3.8 vs 5.3 ± 1.4 pmol/l; P < 0.001) than the normal-weight men. Adjusted for age and weight status, copeptin was significantly associated with glucagon (β = 1.35, 95% CI 0.13-2.57; P = 0.031). No significant interaction effect between copeptin and weight status on glucagon was found (P = 0.81). CONCLUSIONS Obese men had higher concentrations of copeptin and glucagon than men of normal weight. Copeptin was positively associated with glucagon. Our data suggest that increased arginine vasopressin-stimulated glucagon secretion might contribute to higher glucagon concentrations; therefore, increased arginine vasopressin secretion, in addition to other factors, could further aggravate the hyperglucagonaemic state found in obese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - U Bjørn Andersen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup
| | - A Linneberg
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, the Capital Region of Denmark, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen
| | - J P Goetze
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet Blegdamsvej, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen
| | - J J Holst
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen
| | - J L Jeppesen
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen
- Department of Medicine, Amager Hvidovre Hospital in Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although obesity is a risk factor for stroke, its impact on mortality in patients with stroke remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and mortality due to ischaemic stroke among adults aged 20 years and above in Korea. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING A tertiary-hospital-based stroke registry linked to the death records. PARTICIPANTS 3599 patients admitted for ischaemic stroke from January 2007 to June 2013. OUTCOME MEASURES The HRs for all-cause and stroke-related mortality were calculated using Cox proportional hazards models. Progression from stroke-related mortality was assessed using the Fine-Grey competing risk model, treating other-cause mortality as a competing risk. Adjustments were made for age, gender, smoking status, Charlson comorbidity index, cardiovascular or non-cardiovascular comorbidities, stroke severity, severity related to other medical conditions, complications and enrolment year. We repeated the analysis with stratification based on age groups (less than 65 vs 65 years and above). RESULTS For stroke-related mortality, there was no significant difference among the four BMI groups. The risk of all-cause mortality was 36% higher in the underweight group than in the normal weight group (long-term HR=1.36, 95% CI: 1.04 to 1.79), whereas the mortality risk of the obese group was significantly lower (HR=0.66, 95% CI: 0.54 to 0.81). Although this relationship was not estimated in the younger group, it was found that obesity had a protective effect on the all-cause mortality in the elderly (long-term HR=0.66, 95% CI: 0.52 to 0.83). CONCLUSIONS Obesity is more likely to reduce mortality risk than normal weight, especially in elderly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- HeeKyoung Choi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicine and Regulatory Sciences, College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Suk Nam
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Euna Han
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicine and Regulatory Sciences, College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Pharmacy, Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the applicability of Jones, Hansen, and Wasserman predictive equations for maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) in Saudi females. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, between March and May 2017. Maximal oxygen consumption was measured directly through the COSMED system for cardiopulmonary exercise testing in 102 girls with normal body mass index (19-25 years old). Maximal oxygen consumption was indirectly predicted by Jones, Hansen, and Wasserman equations. Paired t-test, Pearson correlation, and Bland-Altman plot were used for comparison, correlation, and agreement analysis. Results: The difference between the mean and standard deviation (±SD) VO2max values of the direct measurement (27.39±4.06 ml/kg-1/min-1), and the Jones (35.19±2.12 ml/kg-1/min-1), Hansen (33.64±0.24 ml/kg-1/min-1), and Wasserman (35.20±0.17 ml/kg-1/min-1) equations, was statistically significant (p less than 0.001). Bland-Altman plot analysis suggested a lack of agreement between direct and predicted VO2max. Pearson correlation failed to reveal any correlation between direct VO2max and VO2max calculated with any of the 3 equations. Conclusion: Jones, Hansen, and Wasserman equations for prediction of VO2max cannot be justified in the studied population. For the better prediction of VO2max, either these equations should be modified, or a new equation should be developed for the Saudi population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwah M Almakhaita
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail.
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Sun Y, Liu B, Snetselaar LG, Wallace RB, Caan BJ, Rohan TE, Neuhouser ML, Shadyab AH, Chlebowski RT, Manson JE, Bao W. Association of Normal-Weight Central Obesity With All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality Among Postmenopausal Women. JAMA Netw Open 2019; 2:e197337. [PMID: 31339542 PMCID: PMC6659146 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.7337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Current public health guidelines for obesity prevention and control focus on promoting a normal body mass index (BMI), rarely addressing central obesity, which is reflected by high waist circumference (WC) and common in the general population. Studies of the association of normal-weight central obesity with long-term health outcomes are sparse. OBJECTIVE To examine associations of normal-weight central obesity with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in postmenopausal women in the United States. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A nationwide prospective cohort study of 156 624 postmenopausal women enrolled in the Women's Health Initiative at 40 clinical centers in the United States between 1993 and 1998. These women were observed through February 2017. Data analysis was performed from September 15, 2017, to March 13, 2019. EXPOSURES Different combinations of BMI (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared; normal weight: BMI, 18.5-24.9; overweight: BMI, 25.0-29.9; and obesity: BMI, ≥30) and WC (normal: WC, ≤88 cm and high: WC, >88 cm). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. RESULTS Of the 156 624 women (mean [SD] age, 63.2 [7.2] years), during 2 811 187 person-years of follow-up, 43 838 deaths occurred, including 12 965 deaths from cardiovascular disease (29.6%) and 11 828 deaths from cancer (27.0%). Compared with women with normal weight and no central obesity and adjusted for demographic characteristics, socioeconomic status, lifestyle factors, and hormone use, the hazard ratio for all-cause mortality was 1.31 (95% CI, 1.20-1.42) among women with normal weight and central obesity, 0.91 (95% CI, 0.89-0.94) among women with overweight and no central obesity, 1.16 (95% CI, 1.13-1.20) for women with overweight and central obesity, 0.93 (95% CI, 0.89-0.94) for women with obesity and no central obesity, and 1.30 (95% CI, 1.27-1.34) for women with obesity and central obesity. Compared with normal weight without central obesity, normal-weight central obesity was associated with higher risk of cardiovascular disease mortality (hazard ratio, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.05-1.46) and cancer mortality (hazard ratio, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.01-1.43). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Normal-weight central obesity in women was associated with excess risk of mortality, similar to that of women with BMI-defined obesity with central obesity. These findings underscore the need for future public health guidelines to include the prevention and control of central obesity, even in individuals with normal BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangbo Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - Buyun Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - Linda G. Snetselaar
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - Robert B. Wallace
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - Bette J. Caan
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland
| | - Thomas E. Rohan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Marian L. Neuhouser
- Cancer Prevention Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Aladdin H. Shadyab
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Rowan T. Chlebowski
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center Duarte, Duarte, California
| | - JoAnn E. Manson
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Wei Bao
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City
- Obesity Research and Education Initiative, University of Iowa, Iowa City
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City
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Kain J, Leyton B, Baur L, Lira M, Corvalán C. Demographic, Social and Health-Related Variables that Predict Normal-Weight Preschool Children Having Overweight or Obesity When Entering Primary Education in Chile. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11061277. [PMID: 31195698 PMCID: PMC6627860 DOI: 10.3390/nu11061277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We determined which variables are predictive of normal-weight (N) Chilean 4-year-olds developing overweight/obesity when entering primary school. This study used national data of preschoolers (PK, age 4) in 2011 through 2015, and the same children in the first grade (1st G, age 6) in 2013 through 2017. We formed longitudinal cohorts considering PK as the baseline and 1st G as the follow-up and included anthropometric, socio-demographic, and health variables in PK and anthropometry in the 1st G. We report the percentage N who remained N at follow-up (N-N) or gained excessive weight (N-OW) and (N-OB), by sex. We ran univariate logistic regressions to determine for each variable, its association with gaining excessive weight (N-OW + OB), incorporating significant variables (p < 0.001) in multivariate logistic regression. A total of 483,509 (251,150 girls) of PK had anthropometry in the 1st G. In PK, 22% of the children were obese; in the 1st G (24.8% and 19.7% in boys and girls, respectively). Of normal-weight children, 30% developed OW + OB. The predictive variables were: Being born macrosomic, attending a very vulnerable school, being indigenous, the mother’s low schooling, and the child being cared for by the grandmother after school. In this study, the factors predicting that normal-weight preschoolers gain excessive weight gain in a short period of time are mostly related to poverty. Prevention should focus on this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Kain
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, El Líbano 5524, Macul, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Bárbara Leyton
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, El Líbano 5524, Macul, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Louise Baur
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Mariana Lira
- Junta Nacional de Auxilio Escolar y Becas (JUNAEB), Antonio Varas 153 Santiago, Chile.
| | - Camila Corvalán
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, El Líbano 5524, Macul, Santiago, Chile.
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Sung KC, Seo DC, Lee SJ, Lee MY, Wild SH, Byrne CD. Non alcoholic fatty liver disease and risk of incident diabetes in subjects who are not obese. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2019; 29:489-495. [PMID: 30940491 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2019.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS It is not known whether non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a risk factor for diabetes in non obese, non centrally-obese subjects. Our aim was to investigate relationships between fatty liver, insulin resistance and a biomarker score for liver fibrosis with incident diabetes at follow up, in subjects who were neither obese nor centrally-obese. METHODS AND RESULTS As many as 70,303 subjects with a body mass index (BMI) < 25 kg/m2 and without diabetes were followed up for a maximum of 7.9 years. At baseline, fatty liver was identified by liver ultrasound, insulin resistance (IR) by homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) ≥2.0, and central obesity by waist circumference (waist circumference ≥90 cm (men) and ≥85 cm (women). The Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4 score) was used to estimate extent of liver fibrosis. Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for confounders were used to estimate hazard ratios (aHRs) for incident diabetes. As many as 852 incident cases of diabetes occurred during follow up (median [IQR] 3.71 [2.03] years). Mean ± SD BMI was 22.8 ± 1.8 and 21.7 ± 2.0 kg/m2 in subjects with and without diabetes at follow up. In subjects without central obesity and with fatty liver, aHRs (95% CI) for incident diabetes at follow up were 2.17 (1.56, 3.03) for men, and 2.86 (1.50,5.46) for women. Similar aHRs for incident diabetes occurred with fatty liver, IR and the highest quartile of FIB-4 combined, in men; and there was a non significant trend toward increased risk in women. CONCLUSIONS In normal weight, non-centrally obese subjects NAFLD is an independent risk factor for incident diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- K-C Sung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - D-C Seo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S-J Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M-Y Lee
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of R&D Management, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Wild
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - C D Byrne
- Nutrition and Metabolism Unit, IDS Building, and Southampton National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
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36
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Caroppo
- Pediatric Dermatology Unit, Department of Medicine DIMED, University of Padova, IT-35121 Padova, Italy
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Zhang M, Schumann M, Huang T, Törmäkangas T, Cheng S. Normal weight obesity and physical fitness in Chinese university students: an overlooked association. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:1334. [PMID: 30509225 PMCID: PMC6278052 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-6238-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The primary aim of this study was to examine the associations of normal weight obesity (NWO) with physical fitness in Chinese university students. As a secondary aim, we assessed whether possible differences in physical fitness between students classified as NWO and normal weight non-obese (NWNO) were mediated by skeletal muscles mass. METHODS A total of 383 students (205 males and 178 females, aged 18-24 years) from two universities volunteered to participate in this study. Body height and weight were measured by standard procedures and body composition was assessed by bio-impedance analysis (InBody 720). NWO was defined by a BMI of 18.5-23.9 kg/m2 and a body fat percentage of > 20% or > 30% in male and female students, respectively. Physical fitness was measured using a 10-min intermittent endurance running test (Andersen test), countermovement jumps (CMJ) and a 5 × 5 m shuttle run test (5mSR). The level of leisure time physical activity (PA) was assessed by a questionnaire. RESULTS 13.7% of male and 27.5% of female students were classified as NWO. Compared to NWNO, students classified as NWO showed a significantly poorer performance in the Andersen test (males: 1146 ± 70 m vs. 1046 ± 95 m, females: 968 ± 61 m vs. 907 ± 67 m, p < 0.001), CMJ (males: 55.0 ± 7.6 cm vs. 44.9 ± 7.5 cm, females: 39.8 ± 8.0 cm vs. 33.7 ± 5.9 cm, p < 0.001) and 5mSR (males: 18.7 ± 1.0 s vs. 20.0 ± 0.9 s, females: 21.1 ± 1.1 s vs. 22.4 ± 1.3 s, p < 0.001), respectively. The lower levels of physical fitness in NWO were partially explained by lower skeletal muscle mass (p < 0.001) both in male and female students. CONCLUSIONS NWO was associated with poorer physical fitness and the relationship was partially mediated by lower skeletal muscle mass. The study indicated that attention should be paid for the potential hidden health risk in university students with normal body mass index but excessive fat mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meizhen Zhang
- Department of Physical Education, Exercise, Health and Technology Centre, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 China
- College of Physical Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi China
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Moritz Schumann
- Department of Physical Education, Exercise, Health and Technology Centre, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 China
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, German Sport University, Cologne, Germany
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Physical Education, Exercise, Health and Technology Centre, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Timo Törmäkangas
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Sulin Cheng
- Department of Physical Education, Exercise, Health and Technology Centre, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 China
- The Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, and Exercise Translational Medicine Center, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Ward SL, Quinn CM, Steurer MA, Liu KD, Flori HR, Matthay MA. Variability in Pediatric Ideal Body Weight Calculation: Implications for Lung-Protective Mechanical Ventilation Strategies in Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2018; 19:e643-e652. [PMID: 30277896 PMCID: PMC6283674 DOI: 10.1097/pcc.0000000000001740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES No gold standard for ideal body weight determination in children exists. We aimed to compare four methods of ideal body weight calculation and determine level of agreement between methods and impact of measurement variance on tidal volumes prescribed in mechanically ventilated pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome. DESIGN Post hoc analysis of four multicenter pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome studies. SETTING Twenty-six academic PICUs. PATIENTS Five hundred eighty-nine patients. INTERVENTIONS None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Ideal body weight was calculated by four common methods: National Center for Health Statistics, McLaren, Moore, and body mass index, and compared in three ways: 1) determine the proportion of the cohort for which each method could successfully calculate ideal body weight; 2) compare the level of agreement between the ideal body weight methods by Bland-Altman analysis; and 3) evaluate the difference in tidal volume when 6 mL/kg ideal body weight was prescribed. We a priori defined the better method to be one that could calculate ideal body weight in most subjects, had good agreement with other methods, and led to a lower tidal volume. Only 55% could have ideal body weight measured by all four methods. National Center for Health Statistics, McLaren, and Moore methods could calculate ideal body weight in greater than or equal to 90%, whereas body mass index method was successful in only 61% because of no body mass index validation in less than 2-year-olds. In comparing each method to the others, there was great variance, particularly in greater than or equal to 10-year-olds. This variance was greatest between Moore and body mass index methods with greater than or equal to 10 kg difference in ideal body weight in some subjects. The McLaren method had the best agreement with all other methods, and yielded similar prescribed tidal volume in 2- to 10-year-olds and lower tidal volume in greater than or equal to 10 years old. CONCLUSIONS There is substantial variation in calculated ideal body weight among four commonly used methods, particularly in adolescents. Since varying ideal body weight may lead to discrepancies in pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome care, a standard approach to ideal body weight measurement is needed. We recommend the McLaren method to calculate ideal body weight in children with pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome until a gold standard method is validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan L Ward
- Division of Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, UCSF Benioff. Children's Hospital San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | | | - Martina A Steurer
- Division of Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, UCSF Benioff. Children's Hospital San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Kathleen D Liu
- Department of Medicine, UCSF Medical Center, San Francisco, CA
| | - Heidi R Flori
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Michael A Matthay
- Department of Medicine, UCSF Medical Center, San Francisco, CA
- Department of Anesthesia, UCSF Medical Center, San Francisco, CA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, UCSF Medical Center, San Francisco, CA
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39
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Brytek-Matera A, Czepczor-Bernat K, Olejniczak D. Food-related behaviours among individuals with overweight/obesity and normal body weight. Nutr J 2018; 17:93. [PMID: 30326901 PMCID: PMC6192179 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-018-0401-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emotional eating is a factor associated with a negative body image and other problematic eating behaviours. In this context little is known about differences between individuals with overweight and obesity and those with normal body weight. The main aim of the study was to evaluate the role of emotional eating in the relationship between the desire to consume chocolate and the wish to avoid social situations related to food and body exposures. For this purpose, we tested the direct, indirect and buffer effects. In addition, we used moderated mediation by introducing snacking into the model. METHODS The study included 123 outpatients with excessive body weight and 123 individuals with normal weight. The mean of body mass index (BMI) in the first group was 30.19 kg/m2 (SD = 4.37) and, in the second, it was 23.02 kg/m2 (SD = 1.20). The Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire, the Attitudes to Chocolate Questionnaire and the Body Image Avoidance Questionnaire were used. RESULTS Results show that in all individuals, the greater emotional eating is, the greater the desire for chocolate consumption and avoidance of social situations related to food and body exposures are. In addition, the desire for chocolate consumption are positively associated with avoidance of social situations related to food and body exposures in both group. Among individuals with excessive and normal body weight, emotional eating is a significant mediator in the relationship between desire for chocolate consumption and avoidance of social situations related to food and body exposures. However, it does not moderate the relationship between these variables. Outcomes show that there is a significant model of moderated mediation of the link between social situation-avoidance related to food and body exposure and the desire to consume chocolate through emotional eating, moderated by snacking among individuals with normal body weight. A similar effect has not been discovered in the group with excessive body weight. CONCLUSION The presented results show that among people with varied BMI categories, emotional eating is connected to craving chocolate and avoidance of social situations related to food and body exposure that plays only the role of mediation. In addition, snacking is crucial for this relationship among the group with normal body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Brytek-Matera
- Katowice Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Katowice, Poland
| | - Kamila Czepczor-Bernat
- Katowice Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Katowice, Poland
| | - Dominik Olejniczak
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Gomes D, von Kries R, Delius M, Mansmann U, Nast M, Stubert M, Langhammer L, Haas NA, Netz H, Obermeier V, Kuhle S, Holdt LM, Teupser D, Hasbargen U, Roscher AA, Ensenauer R. Late-pregnancy dysglycemia in obese pregnancies after negative testing for gestational diabetes and risk of future childhood overweight: An interim analysis from a longitudinal mother-child cohort study. PLoS Med 2018; 15:e1002681. [PMID: 30372451 PMCID: PMC6205663 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal pre-conception obesity is a strong risk factor for childhood overweight. However, prenatal mechanisms and their effects in susceptible gestational periods that contribute to this risk are not well understood. We aimed to assess the impact of late-pregnancy dysglycemia in obese pregnancies with negative testing for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on long-term mother-child outcomes. METHODS AND FINDINGS The prospective cohort study Programming of Enhanced Adiposity Risk in Childhood-Early Screening (PEACHES) (n = 1,671) enrolled obese and normal weight mothers from August 2010 to December 2015 with trimester-specific data on glucose metabolism including GDM status at the end of the second trimester and maternal glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) at delivery as a marker for late-pregnancy dysglycemia (HbA1c ≥ 5.7% [39 mmol/mol]). We assessed offspring short- and long-term outcomes up to 4 years, and maternal glucose metabolism 3.5 years postpartum. Multivariable linear and log-binomial regression with effects presented as mean increments (Δ) or relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to examine the association between late-pregnancy dysglycemia and outcomes. Linear mixed-effects models were used to study the longitudinal development of offspring body mass index (BMI) z-scores. The contribution of late-pregnancy dysglycemia to the association between maternal pre-conception obesity and offspring BMI was estimated using mediation analysis. In all, 898 mother-child pairs were included in this unplanned interim analysis. Among obese mothers with negative testing for GDM (n = 448), those with late-pregnancy dysglycemia (n = 135, 30.1%) had higher proportions of excessive total gestational weight gain (GWG), excessive third-trimester GWG, and offspring with large-for-gestational-age birth weight than those without. Besides higher birth weight (Δ 192 g, 95% CI 100-284) and cord-blood C-peptide concentration (Δ 0.10 ng/ml, 95% CI 0.02-0.17), offspring of these women had greater weight gain during early childhood (Δ BMI z-score per year 0.18, 95% CI 0.06-0.30, n = 262) and higher BMI z-score at 4 years (Δ 0.58, 95% CI 0.18-0.99, n = 43) than offspring of the obese, GDM-negative mothers with normal HbA1c values at delivery. Late-pregnancy dysglycemia in GDM-negative mothers accounted for about one-quarter of the association of maternal obesity with offspring BMI at age 4 years (n = 151). In contrast, childhood BMI z-scores were not affected by a diagnosis of GDM in obese pregnancies (GDM-positive: 0.58, 95% CI 0.36-0.79, versus GDM-negative: 0.62, 95% CI 0.44-0.79). One mechanism triggering late-pregnancy dysglycemia in obese, GDM-negative mothers was related to excessive third-trimester weight gain (RR 1.72, 95% CI 1.12-2.65). Furthermore, in the maternal population, we found a 4-fold (RR 4.01, 95% CI 1.97-8.17) increased risk of future prediabetes or diabetes if obese, GDM-negative women had a high versus normal HbA1c at delivery (absolute risk: 43.2% versus 10.5%). There is a potential for misclassification bias as the predominantly used GDM test procedure changed over the enrollment period. Further studies are required to validate the findings and elucidate the possible third-trimester factors contributing to future mother-child health status. CONCLUSIONS Findings from this interim analysis suggest that offspring of obese mothers treated because of a diagnosis of GDM appeared to have a better BMI outcome in childhood than those of obese mothers who-following negative GDM testing-remained untreated in the last trimester and developed dysglycemia. Late-pregnancy dysglycemia related to uncontrolled weight gain may contribute to the development of child overweight and maternal diabetes. Our data suggest that negative GDM testing in obese pregnancies is not an "all-clear signal" and should not lead to reduced attention and risk awareness of physicians and obese women. Effective strategies are needed to maintain third-trimester glycemic and weight gain control among otherwise healthy obese pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphina Gomes
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Division of Experimental Pediatrics and Metabolism, University Children's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Social Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Rüdiger von Kries
- Institute of Social Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Maria Delius
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrich Mansmann
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology (IBE), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Martha Nast
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Martina Stubert
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Lena Langhammer
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Nikolaus A. Haas
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Heinrich Netz
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Viola Obermeier
- Institute of Social Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Kuhle
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Division of Experimental Pediatrics and Metabolism, University Children's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lesca M. Holdt
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Teupser
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Uwe Hasbargen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Adelbert A. Roscher
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Regina Ensenauer
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Division of Experimental Pediatrics and Metabolism, University Children's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Social Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Humbel N, Messerli-Bürgy N, Schuck K, Wyssen A, Garcia-Burgos D, Biedert E, Lennertz J, Meyer AH, Whinyates K, Isenschmid B, Milos G, Trier S, Adolph D, Cwik J, Margraf J, Assion HJ, Teismann T, Ueberberg B, Juckel G, Müller J, Klauke B, Schneider S, Munsch S. Self-reported emotion regulation difficulties are associated with mood but not with the biological stress response to thin ideal exposure. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199769. [PMID: 29949642 PMCID: PMC6021103 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Difficulties in emotion regulation have been related to psychological and physiological stress responses such as lower mood and lower parasympathetic activation (HF-HRV) under resting condition, but evidence on the potential link to the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis functioning and to physiological stress responses during a stress task is still scarce. The aim of the study was to investigate stress responses in young women when confronted to a daily stressor such as exposure to thin ideals and to understand the role of correlates of self-reported trait-like emotion regulation difficulties (ERD). METHODS Heart rate variability (HRV) and salivary cortisol data were collected in a sample of 273 young women aged 18-35 with and without mental disorders during a vivid imagination of thin ideals (experimental condition) or landscapes (control condition). Changes in mood states were measured on a visual analogue scale (0-100). Correlates of trait-like ERD were self-reported using the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS). RESULTS Participants with higher ERD showed a stronger decline in self-reported mood after vivid imagination of thin ideals compared to participants with lower ERD in the experimental condition but also a stronger increase of positive mood with increasing ERD in the control condition. ERD were not related to baseline HF-HRV or baseline salivary cortisol levels nor to any physiological response during and after the imagination of thin ideals. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The results corroborate the role of ERD regarding the immediate psychological impact of daily stressors. Exposition to daily stressors in the laboratory results in discrepant psychological and physiological reactivity. Future studies should investigate under what conditions the complex interrelations between immediate and long-term ERD and biological activation are amenable to assessment in a laboratory setting. The additive effects of multiple exposition to stressors, such as thin ideals in daily life, also need to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Humbel
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Nadine Messerli-Bürgy
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Kathrin Schuck
- Faculty of Psychology, Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Andrea Wyssen
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - David Garcia-Burgos
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Esther Biedert
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Julia Lennertz
- Faculty of Psychology, Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Andrea H. Meyer
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Department of Psychology, Division of Clinical Psychology and Epidemiology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Bettina Isenschmid
- Kompetenzzentrum für Essstörungen und Adipositas (KEA), Spital Zofingen, Zofingen, Switzerland
| | - Gabriella Milos
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsspital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Dirk Adolph
- Faculty of Psychology, Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Jan Cwik
- Faculty of Psychology, Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Jürgen Margraf
- Faculty of Psychology, Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Hans-Jörg Assion
- LWL-Klinik Dortmund, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Tobias Teismann
- Faculty of Psychology, Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Bianca Ueberberg
- LWL-Klinik Dortmund, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Georg Juckel
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Preventive Medicine, Ruhr University Bochum, LWL University Hospital, Bochum, Germany
| | - Judith Müller
- Christoph-Dornier-Clinic for Psychotherapy, Münster, Germany
| | - Benedikt Klauke
- Christoph-Dornier-Clinic for Psychotherapy, Münster, Germany
| | - Silvia Schneider
- Faculty of Psychology, Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Simone Munsch
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
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Morrison KM, Cairney J, Eisenmann J, Pfeiffer K, Gould D. Associations of Body Mass Index, Motor Performance, and Perceived Athletic Competence with Physical Activity in Normal Weight and Overweight Children. J Obes 2018; 2018:3598321. [PMID: 29854437 PMCID: PMC5954868 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3598321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Children who are overweight and obese display lower physical activity levels than normal weight peers. Measures of weight status, perceived motor competence, and motor skill performance have been identified as potential correlates explaining this discrepancy. 1881 children (955 males; 926 females; 9.9 years) were assessed as part of the Physical Health Activity Study Team project. The age, habitual physical activity participation (PAP), body mass index (BMI), socioeconomic status (SES), motor performance (MP), and perceived athletic competence (PAC) of each child included were assessed. Gender-specific linear regression analyses (main effects model) were conducted to identify the percent variance in PAP explained by the following variables: BMI, MP, and PAC. For males, 18.3% of the variance in PAP was explained by BMI, MP, and PAC. PAC explained 17% of the variance, while MP, BMI, and SES only accounted for 0.6%, 0.7%, and 0.5%, respectively. PAC explained 17.5% of PAP variance in females; MP explained 0.8%. BMI, SES, and chronological age were not significant correlates of PAP in girls. An established repertoire of motor skill performance has been seen as a vehicle to PAP in children; however, this study indicates that PAC should not be overlooked in intervention strategies to promote increased PAP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John Cairney
- University of Toronto, 55 Harbord Street, WSB Rm 2044, Toronto, ON, USA
| | | | - Karin Pfeiffer
- Michigan State University, 27 IM Circle, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Dan Gould
- Michigan State University, 210 IM Circle, East Lansing, MI, USA
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Rafique S, Waseem Z, Sheerin F. Gender differences in weight status and misperception patterns among university students: A cross sectional study. J PAK MED ASSOC 2018; 68:773-775. [PMID: 29885180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Perceived body weight is a better predictor of weight management behaviour than actual weight of a person. We conducted a cross sectional study to examine the prevalence of weight status and investigate gender difference between actual and perceived body weight among the students of Bahaudin Zakariya University, Multan Pakistan. Data was collected from 475 students. Height and weight were measured and weight status defined according to WHO criterion for Asian populations. Weight perception was assessed by short interviews. Chi square test was used to analyze difference by gender and through various BMI groups. Incidence of underweight, overweight and obesity remained 11.3%, 14.6% and 14% among boys and 24.6%, 11.3% and 14.15% among girls respectively (P <0.001). About one third (31.7%) of the participants misclassified themselves. The most accurate estimation (76.9%) was encountered in overweight. (P value= 0.00001). Measured weight status and weight perception differed significantly between male and female students (P <0.05).
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Henriksson P, Henriksson H, Labayen I, Huybrechts I, Gracia-Marco L, Ortega FB, España-Romero V, Manios Y, González-Gross M, Marcos A, Moreno LA, Gutiérrez Á, Ruiz JR. Correlates of ideal cardiovascular health in European adolescents: The HELENA study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 28:187-194. [PMID: 29241667 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2017.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The ideal cardiovascular health (iCVH) construct consists of 4 health behaviors (smoking status, body mass index, physical activity and diet) and 3 health factors (total cholesterol, blood pressure and fasting glucose). A greater number of iCVH components in adolescence are related to better cardiovascular health, but little is known about the correlates of iCVH in adolescents. Thus, the aim of the study was to examine correlates of iCVH in European adolescents. METHODS AND RESULTS The study comprised 637 European adolescents with complete iCVH data. Participants were part of the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) study, a cross-sectional, multicenter study conducted in 9 different European countries. Correlates investigated were sex and age, family affluence scale, maternal education, geographic location, sleep time, television viewing, duration of pregnancy, birth weight and breastfeeding. Younger adolescents, those whose mothers had medium/high education or those who watched television less than 2 h per day had a greater number of iCVH components compared to those who were older, had a mother with low education or watched television 2 h or more daily (P ≤ 0.01). CONCLUSION Since in our study older adolescents had worse iCVH than younger adolescents, early promotion of cardiovascular health may be important. Future studies may also investigate the usefulness of limiting television viewing to promote iCVH. Finally, since adolescents of mothers with low education had poorer iCVH, it may be of special interest to tailor public health promotion to adolescents from families with low socioeconomic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Henriksson
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Spain; Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
| | - H Henriksson
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Spain
| | - I Labayen
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - I Huybrechts
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - L Gracia-Marco
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Spain; Children's Health and Exercise Research Centre (CHERC), Sport and Health Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - F B Ortega
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Spain; Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - V España-Romero
- Department of Physical Education, School of Education, University of Cádiz, Spain
| | - Y Manios
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - M González-Gross
- ImFine Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; CIBER: CB12/03/30038 Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBERobn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain
| | - A Marcos
- Immunonutrition Research Group, Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Instituto del Frio, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition, Spanish National Research Council, Madrid, Spain
| | - L A Moreno
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Universidad de Zaragoza, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Spain
| | - Á Gutiérrez
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Spain
| | - J R Ruiz
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Spain; Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
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Deputy NP, Dub B, Sharma AJ. Prevalence and Trends in Prepregnancy Normal Weight - 48 States, New York City, and District of Columbia, 2011-2015. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2018; 66:1402-1407. [PMID: 29300720 PMCID: PMC5758298 DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm665152a3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Leehr E, Giel KE, Schaeffeler N, Mack I, Thiel A, Zurstiege G, Zipfel S. Where Do You Look? Visual Attention to Human Bodies across the Weight Spectrum in Individuals with Normal Weight or with Obesity. Obes Facts 2018; 11:277-286. [PMID: 29991049 PMCID: PMC6189528 DOI: 10.1159/000489787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated how individuals with normal weight (NW) versus individuals with obesity (OB) visually explore human bodies varying in BMI. METHODS 16 OB (BMI 37.5 ± 7.7 kg/m²) and 35 NW (BMI 21.5 ± 1.6 kg/m²) visually explored 35 natural photographs and 25 avatars depicting male and female bodies ranging from normal weight to obesity. Gaze behaviour was assessed using eye tracking technology. Additionally, participants rated the attractiveness of all body stimuli. RESULTS A comparison of the displayed gaze behaviour shown by both participant weight classes indicates that regarding visual stimuli of obese natural bodies, all participants (OB + NW) looked at the waist longer, whereas regarding visual stimuli of normal-weight bodies, all participants viewed the head longer. Overall, OB spent less time looking at the bodies than NW. All participants rated normal-weight bodies as more attractive than obese bodies. However, the NW sample rated the depicted obese bodies as even less attractive than the OB sample did. CONCLUSIONS The BMI of the explored body, but not the observer's BMI, produces differences in the visual exploration of human bodies. The displayed exploration pattern of obese bodies can cautiously be interpreted as a 'de-individualised' and 'obesity-focused' perception. This tendency may prove in close relationship with the negative cultural views on obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Leehr
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Katrin Elisabeth Giel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- *Katrin Elisabeth Giel, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Osianderstraße 5, 72076 Tübingen, Germany,
| | - Norbert Schaeffeler
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Isabelle Mack
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ansgar Thiel
- Institute of Sports Science, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Guido Zurstiege
- Institute of Media Science, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stephan Zipfel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to establish normative breast volume data for women of varying ages, body masses and breast sizes, and to determine the effect of age and body mass index (BMI) on breast volume. METHODS The breast volume of 356 women (age range: 18.1-83.7 years; BMI range: 18.4-54.5 kg/m²) was measured using three-dimensional scanning in a prone position. RESULTS Breast volumes ranged from 48 to 3100 mL. Although breast volume was not significantly affected by age, it was significantly affected by BMI, with the breast volume of overweight and obese women being two-to-three times greater than women with normal BMI's. CONCLUSION It is recommended that bra cups must be designed to support the wide range and increasing magnitude of breast volumes exhibited by women. Practitioner summary: This original research provides evidence for bra designers and manufacturers on the range of breast volumes of women and the significant effect of BMI on breast volume. Bra cups need to be designed to support the wide range and increasing magnitude of breast volumes exhibited by women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celeste E Coltman
- a Biomechanics Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, Faculty of Science, Medicine & Health , University of Wollongong , Wollongong , Australia
| | - Julie R Steele
- a Biomechanics Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, Faculty of Science, Medicine & Health , University of Wollongong , Wollongong , Australia
| | - Deirdre E McGhee
- a Biomechanics Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, Faculty of Science, Medicine & Health , University of Wollongong , Wollongong , Australia
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Wolffenbuttel BHR, Slagter SN, van Waateringe RP, van Beek AP, van Vliet-Ostaptchouk JV, van der Klauw MM. Unfavourable blood pressure and LDL-cholesterol levels in obese non-diabetic individuals. Neth J Med 2017; 75:399-411. [PMID: 29219813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early diagnosis and treatment of high blood pressure (BP) and cholesterol is important to reduce cardiovascular risk. We compared BP and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) as well as the quality of treatment between obese subjects and normal weight and overweight individuals. METHODS 87,648 participants of the Lifelines study were categorised according to obesity (normal weight/ overweight/obesity) and age. Mean systolic BP and LDL-C were calculated depending on treatment, BMI, age and sex. RESULTS In all age groups, except those aged 70-80 years, women had a significantly lower BP than men. Use of BP-lowering medication did not result in BP levels comparable with non-users, except in those aged 70-80 years. Despite medication, the BP was insufficiently controlled in 20-50% of participants. BP was significantly higher in obese vs. normal weight and overweight individuals of all ages, but most apparently in men younger than 50 years. Mean LDL-C varied between 2.5- .0 mmol/l. Despite higher statin use, obese participants had a higher LDL-C than those with a normal weight. Statins abolished the age-dependent LDL-C increase. Many participants did not achieve target LDL-C < 2.5 mmol/l. A small percentage of individuals treated with BP-lowering drugs were also using statins (overall 32% in men, 17% in women). CONCLUSION Obese individuals, especially men younger than 50, have a higher BP and LDL-C compared with those with overweight and a normal weight. Use of BP-lowering drugs did not revert the BP back to levels normal for the specific age and BMI group, whereas statins abolished the age-related increase in LDL-C. These data suggest that more attention is needed for active screening and treatment of cardiovascular risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- B H R Wolffenbuttel
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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Chabanova E, Fonvig CE, Bøjsøe C, Holm JC, Thomsen HS. 1H MRS Assessment of Hepatic Fat Content: Comparison Between Normal- and Excess-weight Children and Adolescents. Acad Radiol 2017; 24:982-987. [PMID: 28462823 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2017.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES The purpose of the present study was to obtain a cutoff value of liver fat content for the diagnosis of hepatic steatosis by comparing magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy results in children and adolescents with normal and excess weight. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 420 children and adolescents (91 normal-weight, 99 overweight, and 230 obese) 8-18 years of age. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed with a 3T MR system using point resolved spectroscopy sequence with series echo times. RESULTS The mean absolute mass concentration of liver fat was obtained: 0.5 ± 0.04% in normal-weight boys; 0.5 ± 0.03% in normal-weight girls; 0.9 ± 0.16% in boys with overweight; 1.1 ± 0.24% in girls with overweight; 1.7 ± 0.24% in boys with obesity; and 1.4 ± 0.21% in girls with obesity. The cutoff value of absolute mass concentration of liver fat for hepatic steatosis was found to be 1.5%. Based on this cutoff value, hepatic steatosis was diagnosed in 16% of boys with overweight, 11% of girls with overweight, 32% of boys with obesity, and 27% of girls with obesity. CONCLUSIONS Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy was successfully applied to obtain the cutoff value of absolute mass concentration of liver fat for the diagnosis of hepatic steatosis in children and adolescents. Children and adolescents with obesity have higher risk of hepatic steatosis than their peers with overweight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizaveta Chabanova
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev Gentofte, Herlev Ringvej 75, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark.
| | - Cilius Esmann Fonvig
- The Children's Obesity Clinic, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital Holbæk, Holbæk, Denmark; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christine Bøjsøe
- The Children's Obesity Clinic, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital Holbæk, Holbæk, Denmark; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens-Christian Holm
- The Children's Obesity Clinic, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital Holbæk, Holbæk, Denmark; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik S Thomsen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev Gentofte, Herlev Ringvej 75, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Bisgaard H, Dela F. [Physical exercise is a help for lean women with polycystic ovary syndrome]. Ugeskr Laeger 2017; 179:V11160777. [PMID: 28606299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects 12-21% of women in the childbearing age and is the most common cause of hyperandrogenaemia and anovulatory infertility. There is an increase in insulin resistance in both overweight and lean women with PCOS. Exercise treatment is mandatory among the overweight women due to sufficient evidence that it can improve the signs and symptoms of PCOS. This has not been fully investigated among the lean. However, new randomized controlled trials show that structured physical exercise can also improve insulin sensitivity, hyperandrogenaemia and menstrual frequency in lean women with PCOS.
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