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Ademhan Tural D, Emiralioglu N, Akin S, Alboga D, Ozsezen B, Nayir Buyuksahin H, Guzelkas I, Kasikci M, Sunman B, Gungor I, Yalcin E, Dogru D, Kiper N, Demirel AH, Ozcelik U. Galectin-3 levels in children with cystic fibrosis. Eur J Pediatr 2024; 183:2333-2342. [PMID: 38430280 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-024-05479-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a multisystemic disease in which airway obstruction, infection, and inflammation play a critical role in the pathogenesis and progression of CF lung disease. The carbohydrate-binding protein Galectin-3 is increased in several inflammatory and fibrotic diseases and has recently been forwarded as a biomarker in these diseases. We aimed to define the role of serum Galectin-3 in children with CF by comparison with healthy subjects. This is a cross-sectional, case-control study. 143 CF and 30 healthy subjects were enrolled in the study. Peripheral blood and sputum concentrations of Galectins-3, interleukin (IL)-17A, IL-8, and neutrophil elastase (NE) were determined with commercial ELISA kits. There was no significant difference between the groups in age and gender (p = 0.592, p = 0.613, respectively). Serum Galectin-3 and NE concentrations were higher in the patient group than in healthy controls (p = 0.002, p < 0.001, respectively). There were no significant differences between groups according to IL-17A and IL-8 concentrations. Serum Galectin-3 was correlated with age (r = 0.289, p < 0.001) and body mass index (BMI) (r = 0.493, p < 0.001) in children with CF. Sputum Galectin-3 levels are negatively correlated with percent predictive forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) (r = - 0.297, p = 0.029), FEV1 z-score, (r = - 0.316, p = 0.020), percent predictive forced vital capacity (FVC) (r = - 0.347, p = 0.010), and FVC z-score (r = - 0.373, p = 0.006). Conclusion: The study shows that serum Galectin-3 levels increased in clinically stable CF patients, and serum Galectin-3 response may depend on age, gender, and BMI. The sputum Galectin-3 was found to be negatively correlated with patients' lung functions. What is known: • Galectin-3 is a key regulator of chronic inflammation in the lung, liver, kidney, and tumor microenvironment. What is new: • Children with cystic fibrosis (CF) have higher serum Galectin-3 concentrations than healthy children. • Serum Galectin-3 expression influenced by age, BMI, and gender in children with CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilber Ademhan Tural
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Nagehan Emiralioglu
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, School of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Senay Akin
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Department of Exercise and Sport Sciences, Exercise, and Sport Physiology Division, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Didem Alboga
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, School of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Beste Ozsezen
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, School of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Halime Nayir Buyuksahin
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, School of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ismail Guzelkas
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, School of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Merve Kasikci
- Department of Biostatistics, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Birce Sunman
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, School of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Irem Gungor
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Department of Exercise and Sport Sciences, Exercise, and Sport Physiology Division, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ebru Yalcin
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, School of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Deniz Dogru
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, School of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nural Kiper
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, School of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ali Haydar Demirel
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Department of Exercise and Sport Sciences, Exercise, and Sport Physiology Division, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Sport Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ugur Ozcelik
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, School of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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Wang W, Jia Q, Wang SB, Li XD, Fan YM. [The clinical characteristics of neutrophil extracellular trap in patients with severe cerebral venous sinus thrombosis and its prognostic value in acute and subacute patients]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2024; 62:443-451. [PMID: 38548615 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112139-20230926-00144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the clinical characteristics of neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) in patients with severe cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) and to study their prognostic value in the acute and subacute phases. Methods: This study is a retrospective case series analysis. Clinical and pathological data of 52 patients with severe cerebral venous sinus thrombosis who underwent endovascular treatment in the Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital from June 2019 to June 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 20 males and 32 females, with an age of (40.1±13.6) years(range:18 to 66 years). Forty-five healthy physical examinees were included in the control group. High-resolution MRI was used to stage the thrombus, with 11 cases in the acute group, 28 cases in the subacute group, and 13 cases in the chronic group. Thrombus specimens were obtained through endovascular treatment, and the fluorescence intensity of NET in peripheral blood at different time points was analyzed by immunofluorescence contrast,including the double-stranded DNA structure and adhesion protein components (citrolinated histone H3 (CitH3), myeloperoxidase-DNA complex(MPO-DNA), neutrophil elastase (NE)). The NET markers were determined by ELISA. Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the NET markers in peripheral blood of patients with severe cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in the acute and subacute phases and the volume of venous sinus thrombus, the degree of venous sinus recanalization after treatment, and the discharge modified Rankin scale(mRS)score. The accuracy of NET markers in predicting the prognosis of patients with severe cerebral venous sinus thrombosis was analyzed by drawing receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and calculating the area under the curve (AUC). Results: The results of immunofluorescence staining and ELISA showed that no NET structure was formed in the peripheral blood of the control group, while CitH3, MPO-DNA and NE levels in the peripheral blood of CVST patients were increased, among which the acute stage group was the highest, followed by the subacute group, and the chronic group was the lowest. Spearman correlation analysis showed that CitH3, MPO-DNA and NE levels in peripheral blood of patients in acute group and subacute group were positively correlated with thrombus volume and mRS score at discharge (P<0.05). The levels of CitH3 and MPO-DNA in peripheral blood of patients with complete venous sinus recanalization were lower than those of patients with partial venous sinus recanalization (P<0.01). ROC curve analysis results showed that MPO-DNA and NE had no predictive ability for the prognosis of CVST patients (P values were 0.614 and 0.324, respectively), and the AUC of CitH3 was 0.800 (95%CI: 0.638~0.962, P=0.032), the best cut-off value was 13.5 μg/L, the sensitivity was 100%, and the specificity was 58.8%. Conclusions: A large number of NET are formed in patients with severe cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in acute stage. Patients with severe cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in acute stage and subacute stage with high peripheral blood NET content has a low rate of complete sinus revascularization and poor neurological function recovery after treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Q Jia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - S B Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - X D Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Y M Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin 300350, China
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Yilmaz D, Niskanen K, Gonullu E, Tervahartiala T, Gürsoy UK, Sorsa T. Salivary and serum levels of neutrophil proteases in periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis. Oral Dis 2024; 30:1660-1668. [PMID: 36965040 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim was to profile serum and salivary levels of active-matrix metalloproteinase (aMMP)-8, tissue inhibitor MMP (TIMP)-1, aMMP-8/TIMP-1 ratio, total MMP (tMMP)-9, tMMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio, myeloperoxidase (MPO), and human neutrophil elastase (HNE) in periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). MATERIALS AND METHODS Rheumatoid arthritis patients with periodontitis (RA + P, n = 26), periodontally healthy RA patients (RA, n = 23), systemically healthy periodontitis patients (P, n = 24), and controls (C, n = 24) were included. aMMP-8 levels were determined by a time-resolved immunofluorescence assay (IFMA), TIMP-1, tMMP-9, MPO, and HNE levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) assays. RESULTS Higher salivary aMMP-8 (p < 0.001), aMMP-8/TIMP-1 ratio (p = 0.043), tMMP-9 (p = 0.011), tMMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio (p = 0.022), MPO (p = 0.026) and HNE (p < 0.001) levels were detected in P relative to the controls. Salivary TIMP-1 was increased in RA patients regardless of periodontal status (RA + P vs. P: p = 0.038; RA vs. C: p = 0.020). Serum neutrophil proteases were increased in RA groups (RA + P, RA) compared to systemically healthy groups (P, C) (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Serum levels of neutrophil proteases were increased in RA study groups; however rheumatologic status seemingly does not affect salivary levels of these proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dogukan Yilmaz
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Katariina Niskanen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Head and Neck Center, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Emel Gonullu
- Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Taina Tervahartiala
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Head and Neck Center, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ulvi Kahraman Gürsoy
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Timo Sorsa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Head and Neck Center, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
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Abakumova TV, Antoneeva II, Gening TP. Killer Function of Circulating Neutrophils in Relation to Cytokines in Uterine Myoma and Endometrial Cancer. Bull Exp Biol Med 2024; 176:607-611. [PMID: 38730105 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-024-06077-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
The study presents the killer functions of circulating neutrophils: myeloperoxidase activity, the ability to generate ROS, phagocytic activity, receptor status, NETosis, as well as the level of cytokines IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-17A, and IL-18, granulocyte CSF, monocyte chemotactic protein 1, and neutrophil elastase in the serum of patients with uterine myoma and endometrial cancer (FIGO stages I-III). The phagocytic ability of neutrophils in uterine myoma was influenced by serum levels of granulocyte CSF and IL-2 in 54% of the total variance. The degranulation ability of neutrophils in endometrial cancer was determined by circulating IL-18 in 50% of the total variance. In uterine myoma, 66% of the total variance in neutrophil myeloperoxidase activity was explained by a model dependent on blood levels of IL-17A, IL-6, and IL-4. The risk of endometrial cancer increases when elevated levels of monocyte chemotactic protein 1 in circulating neutrophils are associated with reduced ability to capture particles via extracellular traps (96% probability).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - T P Gening
- Ulyanovsk State University, Ulyanovsk, Russia
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Prokhorova TA, Androsova LV, Tereshkina EB, Boksha IS, Savushkina OK, Pochueva VV, Sheshenin VS, Burbaeva GS, Klyushnik TP. [Clinical and psychopathological characteristics of patients with late-onset schizophrenia and schizophrenia-like psychoses in clusters identified by biological parameters]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2024; 124:137-144. [PMID: 38676688 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro2024124041137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess clinical and psychopathological characteristics of late-aged female patients with late-onset psychoses in clusters formed on the basis of biochemical and immunological blood parameters. MATERIAL AND METHODS We examined 59 women with schizophrenia and schizophrenia-like psychoses with onset after 40 years (ICD-10 F20, F22.8, F25, F23, F06.2), including 34 women with late-onset (40-60 years) and 25 with very late onset psychoses (after 60 years). At the time of hospitalization, a clinical/ psychopathological study was carried out using CGI-S, PANSS, CDSS, and HAMD-17, as well as the activities of glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione-S-transferase (GT) have been determined in erythrocyte hemolysates, and the activities of leukocyte elastase (LE) and α1-proteinase inhibitor (α1-PI) have been assessed in blood plasma. Biochemical and immunological parameters have been also determined in 34 age-matched mentally healthy women. RESULTS Clustering by signs such as GR, GT, LE and α1-PI has yielded two clusters of objects (patients) significantly different in GT (p<0.0001), LE (p<0.0001), and α1-PI (p<0.001) activities. Relatively to the controls, in the cluster 1 patients, the activities of GST and α1-PI are increased, the activity of LE is decreased, whereas, in the cluster 2 patients, the activity of GR is decreased, and the activities of LE and α1-PI are increased. Cluster 1 patients differ from cluster 2 patients in greater severity of the condition (CGI-S, p=0.04) and higher total scores on PANSS subscales' items. Cluster 1 includes 76% of patients with very late onset. Different correlations between clinical and biological signs are found in two clusters. CONCLUSION The identified clusters have different clinical and psychopathological characteristics. Dividing patients into subgroups according to biochemical and immunological parameters is promising for the search for differentiated therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - I S Boksha
- Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia
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Kim S, Hong KH, Gu JY, In JW, Ahn MY, Kim HK. High Circulating Levels of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Parameters Predicting Poor Outcome in COVID-19. Ann Clin Lab Sci 2022; 52:374-381. [PMID: 35777794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Exploration of biomarkers to predict the severity of COVID-19 is important to reduce mortality. Upon COVID-19 infection, neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) are formed, which leads to a cytokine storm and host damage. Hence, the extent of NET formation may reflect disease progression and predict mortality in COVID-19. METHODS We measured 4 NET parameters - cell-free double stranded DNA (cell-free dsDNA), neutrophil elastase, citrullinated histone H3 (Cit-H3), and histone - DNA complex - in 188 COVID-19 patients and 20 healthy controls. Survivors (n=166) were hospitalized with or without oxygen supplementation, while non-survivors (n=22) expired during in-hospital treatment. RESULTS Cell-free dsDNA was significantly elevated in non-survivors in comparison with survivors and controls. The survival rate of patients with high levels of cell-free dsDNA, neutrophil elastase, and Cit-H3 was significantly lower than that of patients with low levels. These three markers significantly correlated with inflammatory markers (absolute neutrophil count and C-reactive protein). CONCLUSION Since the increase in NET parameters indicates the unfavourable course of COVID-19 infection, patients predisposed to poor outcome can be rapidly managed through risk stratification by using these NET parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghwan Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine
| | - Ki Ho Hong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine
| | - Ja-Yoon Gu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine
| | - Ji Won In
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul Medical Center
| | - Mi Young Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Kyung Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine
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Laggner M, Lingitz MT, Copic D, Direder M, Klas K, Bormann D, Gugerell A, Moser B, Radtke C, Hacker S, Mildner M, Ankersmit HJ, Haider T. Severity of thermal burn injury is associated with systemic neutrophil activation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1654. [PMID: 35102298 PMCID: PMC8803945 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05768-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Burn injuries elicit a unique and dynamic stress response which can lead to burn injury progression. Though neutrophils represent crucial players in the burn-induced immunological events, the dynamic secretion pattern and systemic levels of neutrophil-derived factors have not been investigated in detail so far. Serum levels of neutrophil elastase (NE), myeloperoxidase (MPO), citrullinated histone H3 (CitH3), and complement factor C3a were quantified in burn victims over 4 weeks post injury. Furthermore, the potential association with mortality, degree of burn injury, and inhalation trauma was evaluated. In addition, leukocyte, platelet, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts were assessed. Lastly, we analyzed the association of neutrophil-derived factors with clinical severity scoring systems. Serum levels of NE, MPO, CitH3, and C3a were remarkably elevated in burn victims compared to healthy controls. Leukocyte and neutrophil counts were significantly increased on admission day and day 1, while relative lymphocytes were decreased in the first 7 days post burn trauma. Though neutrophil-derived factors did not predict mortality, patients suffering from 3rd degree burn injuries displayed increased CitH3 and NE levels. Accordingly, CitH3 and NE were elevated in cases with higher abbreviated burn severity indices (ABSI). Taken together, our data suggest a role for neutrophil activation and NETosis in burn injuries and burn injury progression. Targeting exacerbated neutrophil activation might represent a new therapeutic option for severe cases of burn injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Laggner
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis and Regeneration, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marie-Therese Lingitz
- Division of General Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dragan Copic
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis and Regeneration, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Direder
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis and Regeneration, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katharina Klas
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis and Regeneration, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel Bormann
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis and Regeneration, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alfred Gugerell
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis and Regeneration, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard Moser
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Radtke
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Hacker
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Landesklinikum Wiener Neustadt, 2700, Wiener Neustadt, Austria
| | - Michael Mildner
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hendrik Jan Ankersmit
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
- Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis and Regeneration, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Thomas Haider
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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Huckriede J, Anderberg SB, Morales A, de Vries F, Hultström M, Bergqvist A, Ortiz-Pérez JT, Sels JW, Wichapong K, Lipcsey M, van de Poll M, Larsson A, Luther T, Reutelingsperger C, de Frutos PG, Frithiof R, Nicolaes GAF. Evolution of NETosis markers and DAMPs have prognostic value in critically ill COVID-19 patients. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15701. [PMID: 34344929 PMCID: PMC8333321 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95209-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) presents with disease severities of varying degree. In its most severe form, infection may lead to respiratory failure and multi-organ dysfunction. Here we study the levels and evolution of the damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPS) cell free DNA (cfDNA), extracellular histone H3 (H3) and neutrophil elastase (NE), and the immune modulators GAS6 and AXL in relation to clinical parameters, ICU scoring systems and mortality in patients (n = 100) with severe COVID-19. cfDNA, H3, NE, GAS6 and AXL were increased in COVID-19 patients compared to controls. These measures associated with occurrence of clinical events and intensive care unit acquired weakness (ICUAW). cfDNA and GAS6 decreased in time in patients surviving to 30 days post ICU admission. A decrease of 27.2 ng/mL cfDNA during ICU stay associated with patient survival, whereas levels of GAS6 decreasing more than 4.0 ng/mL associated with survival. The presence of H3 in plasma was a common feature of COVID-19 patients, detected in 38% of the patients at ICU admission. NETosis markers cfDNA, H3 and NE correlated well with parameters of tissue damage and neutrophil counts. Furthermore, cfDNA correlated with lowest p/f ratio and a lowering in cfDNA was observed in patients with ventilator-free days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joram Huckriede
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Sara Bülow Anderberg
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Section for Anaesthesia & Intensive Care, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Albert Morales
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, IIBB-CSIC, IDIBAPS, and BCLC, CIBEREHD, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Femke de Vries
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Michael Hultström
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Section for Anaesthesia & Intensive Care, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Integrative Physiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anders Bergqvist
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - José T Ortiz-Pérez
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clinic Barcelona and CIBERCV, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jan Willem Sels
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre MUMC+), Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, MUMC+), Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Kanin Wichapong
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Miklos Lipcsey
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Section for Anaesthesia & Intensive Care, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Hedenstierna Laboratory, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marcel van de Poll
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre MUMC+), Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Anders Larsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tomas Luther
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Section for Anaesthesia & Intensive Care, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Chris Reutelingsperger
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Pablo Garcia de Frutos
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, IIBB-CSIC, IDIBAPS and CIBERCV, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Robert Frithiof
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Section for Anaesthesia & Intensive Care, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gerry A F Nicolaes
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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Ong KL, Wu L, Januszewski AS, O’Connell R, Xu A, Scott RS, Sullivan DR, Rye KA, Li H, Ma RCW, Li L, Gebski V, Jenkins AJ, Jia W, Keech AC. The relationship of neutrophil elastase and proteinase 3 with risk factors, and chronic complications in type 2 diabetes: A Fenofibrate Intervention and Event Lowering in Diabetes (FIELD) sub-study. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2021; 18:14791641211032547. [PMID: 34275349 PMCID: PMC8481737 DOI: 10.1177/14791641211032547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neutrophil elastase (NE) and proteinase 3 (PR3) are novel inflammation biomarkers. We investigated their associations with chronic complications, determinants of biomarker levels and effects of fenofibrate in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) from Fenofibrate Intervention and Event Lowering in Diabetes study. METHODS Plasma NE and PR3 levels were quantified at baseline (n = 2000), and relationships with complications over 5-years assessed. Effects of fenofibrate on biomarker levels (n = 200) were determined at four follow-up visits. RESULTS Higher waist-to-hip ratio, homocysteine and C-reactive protein and lower apoA-II were determinants of higher NE and PR3 levels. Higher NE levels were associated with on-trial stroke and cardiovascular mortality, and higher PR3 levels with on-trial stroke, but associations were not significant after adjustment for confounding factors. Although higher NE and PR3 levels were associated with baseline total microvascular disease, only NE levels were associated with on-trial neuropathy or amputation. These associations were not significant after adjusting for multiple comparisons. NE and PR3 levels did not change with fenofibrate. CONCLUSIONS In T2DM plasma NE and PR3 levels are associated with vascular risk factors, and total microvascular disease at baseline, but on rigorous analyses were not associated with on-trial complications. Levels were not changed by fenofibrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwok-Leung Ong
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Lipid Research Group, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Liang Wu
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Center of Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Rachel O’Connell
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Aimin Xu
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Russell S Scott
- Lipid and Diabetes Research Group, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - David R Sullivan
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kerry-Anne Rye
- Lipid Research Group, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Huating Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Center of Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ronald CW Ma
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Liping Li
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Val Gebski
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Alicia J Jenkins
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Weiping Jia
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Center of Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Anthony C Keech
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Prof Anthony Keech, NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, Level 6, Medical Foundation Building, 92–94 Parramatta Road, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia.
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10
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López-Neyra A, Suárez L, Muñoz M, de Blas A, Ruiz de Valbuena M, Garriga M, Calvo J, Ribes C, Girón Moreno R, Máiz L, González D, Bousoño C, Manzanares J, Pastor Ó, Martínez-Botas J, Del Campo R, Cantón R, Roy G, Menacho M, Arroyo D, Zamora J, Soriano JB, Lamas A. Long-term docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation in cystic fibrosis patients: a randomized, multi-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2020; 162:102186. [PMID: 33038833 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2020.102186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cystic fibrosis (CF) patients have an alteration in fatty acid (FA) metabolism, associated with increased omega-6 and low omega-3 FA. Previous studies on supplementation with omega-3 FA in CF had contradictory results, and to date there is no evidence to recommend routine use of omega-3 supplements in CF patients. We hypothesized that long-term supplementation with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) will have beneficial effects in these patients, by reducing pulmonary, systemic and intestinal inflammation. METHODS This was a randomized, double-blind, parallel, placebo-controlled trial. CF patients (age >2 months) were randomized to receive a seaweed DHA oil solution (50 mg/Kg/day) or matching placebo for 48 weeks. Primary outcomes were pulmonary (interleukin [IL]-8), systemic (IL-8) and intestinal (calprotectin) inflammatory biomarkers. Secondary outcomes included other pulmonary (IL-1β, IL-6, neutrophil elastase, lactate and calprotectin) and systemic (serum-IL-1β, IL-6) inflammatory biomarkers, as well as clinical outcomes (FEV1, pulmonary exacerbations, antibiotic use, nutritional status and quality of life). RESULTS Ninety six CF patients, 44 female, age 14.6±11.9 years (48 DHA and 48 placebo) were included. At trial completion, there were no differences in all primary outcomes [serum-IL-8 (p=0.909), respiratory-IL-8 (p=0.384) or fecal calprotectin (p=0.948)], all secondary inflammatory biomarkers, or in any of the clinical outcomes evaluated. There were few adverse events, with similar incidence in both study groups. CONCLUSION In this study, long-term DHA supplementation in CF patients was safe, but did not offer any benefit on inflammatory biomarkers, or in clinical outcomes compared with placebo. (NCT01783613).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro López-Neyra
- Unidad de Fibrosis Quística. Servicio de Pediatría. Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal. Cª Colmenar Km. 9,1. 28034-Madrid. Spain; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS). Cª Colmenar Km. 9,1. 28034-Madrid. Spain.
| | - Lucrecia Suárez
- Unidad de Fibrosis Quística. Servicio de Pediatría. Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal. Cª Colmenar Km. 9,1. 28034-Madrid. Spain; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS). Cª Colmenar Km. 9,1. 28034-Madrid. Spain
| | - Marta Muñoz
- Unidad de Fibrosis Quística. Servicio de Pediatría. Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal. Cª Colmenar Km. 9,1. 28034-Madrid. Spain
| | - Ana de Blas
- Unidad de Fibrosis Quística. Servicio de Pediatría. Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal. Cª Colmenar Km. 9,1. 28034-Madrid. Spain
| | - Marta Ruiz de Valbuena
- Unidad de Fibrosis Quística. Servicio de Pediatría. Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal. Cª Colmenar Km. 9,1. 28034-Madrid. Spain
| | - María Garriga
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS). Cª Colmenar Km. 9,1. 28034-Madrid. Spain; Unidad de Fibrosis Quística. Servicio de Endocrinología. Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal. Cª Colmenar Km. 9,1. 28034-Madrid. Spain
| | - Joaquim Calvo
- Unidad de Fibrosis Quística. Servicio de Pediatría. Hospital Universitario La Fe. Avinguda de Fernando Abril Martorell, 106. 46026-Valencia. Spain
| | - Carmen Ribes
- Unidad de Fibrosis Quística. Servicio de Pediatría. Hospital Universitario La Fe. Avinguda de Fernando Abril Martorell, 106. 46026-Valencia. Spain
| | - Rosa Girón Moreno
- Unidad de Fibrosis Quística. Servicio de Neumología. Hospital Universitario La Princesa. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa. Calle de Diego de León, 62. 28006-Madrid. Spain
| | - Luis Máiz
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS). Cª Colmenar Km. 9,1. 28034-Madrid. Spain; Unidad de Fibrosis Quística. Servicio de Neumología. Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal. Cª Colmenar Km. 9,1. 28034-Madrid. Spain
| | - David González
- Unidad de Fibrosis Quística. Servicio de Pediatría. Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias. Av. Roma. 33011-Oviedo. Spain
| | - Carlos Bousoño
- Unidad de Fibrosis Quística. Servicio de Pediatría. Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias. Av. Roma. 33011-Oviedo. Spain
| | - Javier Manzanares
- Unidad de Fibrosis Quística. Servicio de Pediatría. Hospital Universitario Doce de Octubre. Avda. de Córdoba. 28041-Madrid. Spain
| | - Óscar Pastor
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS). Cª Colmenar Km. 9,1. 28034-Madrid. Spain; Servicio de Bioquímica Clínica, UCA-CCM. Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal. Cª Colmenar Km. 9,1. 28034-Madrid. Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. 28029-Madrid. Spain
| | - Javier Martínez-Botas
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS). Cª Colmenar Km. 9,1. 28034-Madrid. Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. 28029-Madrid. Spain; Servicio de Bioquímica-Investigación. Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal. Cª Colmenar Km. 9,1. 28034-Madrid. Spain
| | - Rosa Del Campo
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS). Cª Colmenar Km. 9,1. 28034-Madrid. Spain; Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal. Cª Colmenar Km. 9,1. 28034-Madrid. Spain
| | - Rafael Cantón
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS). Cª Colmenar Km. 9,1. 28034-Madrid. Spain; Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal. Cª Colmenar Km. 9,1. 28034-Madrid. Spain
| | - Garbiñe Roy
- Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal. Cª Colmenar Km. 9,1. 28034-Madrid. Spain
| | - Miriam Menacho
- Servicio de Bioquímica Clínica, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal. Cª Colmenar Km. 9,1. 28034-Madrid. Spain
| | - David Arroyo
- Unidad de Bioestadística Clínica, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal. Cª Colmenar Km. 9,1. 28034-Madrid. Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. 28029-Madrid. Spain
| | - Javier Zamora
- Unidad de Bioestadística Clínica, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal. Cª Colmenar Km. 9,1. 28034-Madrid. Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. 28029-Madrid. Spain
| | - Joan B Soriano
- Hospital Universitario La Princesa. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Calle de Diego de León, 62. 28006-Madrid. Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. 28029-Madrid. Spain
| | - Adelaida Lamas
- Unidad de Fibrosis Quística. Servicio de Pediatría. Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal. Cª Colmenar Km. 9,1. 28034-Madrid. Spain; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS). Cª Colmenar Km. 9,1. 28034-Madrid. Spain
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11
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Walsh SW, Nugent WH, Al Dulaimi M, Washington SL, Dacha P, Strauss JF. Proteases Activate Pregnancy Neutrophils by a Protease-Activated Receptor 1 Pathway: Epigenetic Implications for Preeclampsia. Reprod Sci 2020; 27:2115-2127. [PMID: 32542542 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-020-00232-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We tested a novel hypothesis that elevated levels of proteases in the maternal circulation of preeclamptic women activate neutrophils due to their pregnancy-specific expression of protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR-1). Plasma was collected longitudinally from normal pregnant and preeclamptic women and analyzed for MMP-1 and neutrophil elastase. Neutrophils were isolated for culture and confocal microscopy. Omental fat was collected for immunohistochemistry. Circulating proteases were significantly elevated in preeclampsia. Confocal microscopy revealed that tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 (TET2), a DNA de-methylase, and p65 subunit of NF-κB were strongly localized to the nucleus of untreated neutrophils of preeclamptic women, but in untreated neutrophils of normal pregnant women they were restricted to the cytosol. Treatment of normal pregnancy neutrophils with proteases activated PAR-1, leading to activation of RhoA kinase (ROCK), which triggered translocation of TET2 and p65 from the cytosol into the nucleus, mimicking the nuclear localization in neutrophils of preeclamptic women. IL-8, an NF-κB-regulated gene, increased in association with TET2 and p65 nuclear localization. Co-treatment with inhibitors of PAR-1 or ROCK prevented nuclear translocation and IL-8 did not increase. Treatment of preeclamptic pregnancy neutrophils with inhibitors emptied the nucleus of TET2 and p65, mimicking the cytosolic localization of normal pregnancy neutrophils. Expression of PAR-1 and TET2 were markedly increased in omental fat vessels and neutrophils of preeclamptic women. We conclude that elevated levels of circulating proteases in preeclamptic women activate neutrophils due to their pregnancy-specific expression of PAR-1 and speculate that TET2 DNA de-methylation plays a role in the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott W Walsh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298-0034, USA.
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298-0034, USA.
| | - William H Nugent
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298-0034, USA
| | - Marwah Al Dulaimi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298-0034, USA
| | - Sonya L Washington
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298-0034, USA
| | - Phoebe Dacha
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298-0034, USA
| | - Jerome F Strauss
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298-0034, USA
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12
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Bryk AH, Prior SM, Plens K, Konieczynska M, Hohendorff J, Malecki MT, Butenas S, Undas A. Predictors of neutrophil extracellular traps markers in type 2 diabetes mellitus: associations with a prothrombotic state and hypofibrinolysis. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2019; 18:49. [PMID: 30992036 PMCID: PMC6469138 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-019-0850-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with a hypercoagulable state and increased neutrophil extracellular traps formation (NETosis). We investigated predictors of NETosis and cell death markers in circulating blood and their association with a prothrombotic state in T2DM. METHODS In a cross-sectional study involving 113 T2DM patients aged 63.7 ± 8.2 years, we investigated citrullinated histone H3 (H3Cit), cell-free deoxyribonucleic acid (cfDNA), myeloperoxidase, neutrophil elastase, and inflammation markers, along with thrombin generation (TG), plasma clot lysis time (CLT), clot permeability (Ks) and fibrinolysis inhibitors. RESULTS On multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for age and gender, predictors of high H3Cit (≥ 7.36 ng/mL, upper quartile) were: glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) ≥ 7.0% and interleukin-6. Interleukin-6 was also found to be a predictor of high cfDNA (≥ 2.84 µg/mL, upper quartile) along with glucose. Citrullinated histone H3 and cfDNA correlated positively with CLT and inversely with Ks, while TG associated solely with cfDNA. These associations were not seen with myeloperoxidase and neutrophil elastase. Patients with previous myocardial infarction (n = 21, 18.6%) had higher H3Cit (+108%, p < 0.001) and cfDNA (+45%, p = 0.022). On multivariable analysis adjusted for potential confounders, H3Cit and cfDNA, along with plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and concomitant cardiovascular disease, were predictors of CLT. Citrullinated histone H3 alone was a predictor of Ks and only cfDNA was a predictor of peak thrombin generated. CONCLUSIONS In T2DM, NETosis detectable in circulating blood is associated with inflammatory state and a prothrombotic state, especially hypofibrinolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata H. Bryk
- Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 80 Pradnicka St., 31-202 Krakow, Poland
- John Paul II Hospital, Krakow, Poland
| | - Shannon M. Prior
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, Colchester, VT USA
| | | | | | - Jerzy Hohendorff
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, University Hospital, Krakow, Poland
| | - Maciej T. Malecki
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, University Hospital, Krakow, Poland
| | - Saulius Butenas
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, Colchester, VT USA
| | - Anetta Undas
- Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 80 Pradnicka St., 31-202 Krakow, Poland
- John Paul II Hospital, Krakow, Poland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
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13
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Elie AGIM, Bloksgaard M, Sun WY, Yang K, Man AWC, Xu A, Irmukhamedov A, Riber LP, Wang Y, De Mey JGR. Local enrichment of fatty acid-binding protein 4 in the pericardial cavity of cardiovascular disease patients. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206802. [PMID: 30395653 PMCID: PMC6218069 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pericardial fluid may be representative of the interstitium of the heart. The aim of this study was to discriminate in cardiovascular disease patients between adipocytokines that are produced locally by the heart and those supplied by the circulation. METHODS Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were used to determine levels of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-pBNP), fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4), leptin, lipocalin-2, neutrophil elastase, proteinase-3, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and adiponectin in venous plasma and pericardial fluid harvested during elective cardio-thoracic surgery (n = 132-152). RESULTS In pericardial fluid compared to plasma, the levels were significantly smaller (p < 0.001) for leptin, lipocalin-2, neutrophil elastase, proteinase-3, hsCRP and adiponectin. For these biomarkers, the ratio of pericardial fluid-to-plasma level ([PF]/[P], median (interquartile range)) was 0.65 (0.47-1.01), 0.78 (0.56-1.09), 0.23 (0.11-0.60), 0.17 (0.09-0.36), 0.14 (0.08-0.35), and 0.25 (0.15-0.34), respectively. In contrast, pericardial fluid was significantly enriched (p < 0.001) in NT-pBNP ([PF]/[P]: 1.9 (1.06-2.73)) and even more so for FABP4 ([PF]/[P]: 3.90 (1.47-9.77)). Moreover, in pericardial fluid, the adipocytokines interrelated all significantly positive and correlated negative to hsCRP, whereas for NT-pBNP only a significantly positive correlation with adiponectin was found. These interrelations were distinct from those in the plasma, as were the correlations of the pericardial biomarkers with patient characteristics compared to plasma. CONCLUSIONS In cardiovascular disease patients, the pericardial cavity is a distinct adipocytokine microenvironment in which especially FABP4 is mainly derived from the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atlanta G. I. M. Elie
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Maria Bloksgaard
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Wai Y. Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kangmin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Andy W. C. Man
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Aimin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Akhmadjon Irmukhamedov
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Lars P. Riber
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jo G. R. De Mey
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
- * E-mail:
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14
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Morin C, Cantin AM, Vézina FA, Fortin S. The Efficacy of MAG-DHA for Correcting AA/DHA Imbalance of Cystic Fibrosis Patients. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:md16060184. [PMID: 29861448 PMCID: PMC6025526 DOI: 10.3390/md16060184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) supplementations are thought to improve essential fatty acid deficiency (EFAD) as well as reduce inflammation in Cystic Fibrosis (CF), but their effectiveness in clinical studies remains unknown. The aim of the study was to determine how the medical food containing docosahexaenoic acid monoglyceride (MAG-DHA) influenced erythrocyte fatty acid profiles and the expression levels of inflammatory circulating mediators. We conducted a randomized, double blind, pilot trial including fifteen outpatients with Cystic Fibrosis, ages 18–48. The patients were divided into 2 groups and received MAG-DHA or a placebo (sunflower oil) for 60 days. Patients took 8 × 625 mg MAG-DHA softgels or 8 × 625 mg placebo softgels every day at bedtime for 60 days. Lipid analyses revealed that MAG-DHA increased docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels and decrease arachidonic acid (AA) ratio (AA/DHA) in erythrocytes of CF patients following 1 month of daily supplementation. Data also revealed a reduction in plasma human leukocyte elastase (pHLE) complexes and interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression levels in blood samples of MAG-DHA supplemented CF patients. This pilot study indicates that MAG-DHA supplementation corrects erythrocyte AA/DHA imbalance and may exert anti-inflammatory properties through the reduction of pHLE complexes and IL6 in blood samples of CF patients. Trial registration: Pro-resolving Effect of MAG-DHA in Cystic Fibrosis (PREMDIC), NCT02518672.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Morin
- SCF Pharma, 235, route du Fleuve Ouest, Ste-Luce, QC G0K 1P0, Canada.
| | - André M Cantin
- Department of Medicine, Respiratory Division, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada.
| | - Félix-Antoine Vézina
- Department of Medicine, Respiratory Division, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada.
| | - Samuel Fortin
- SCF Pharma, 235, route du Fleuve Ouest, Ste-Luce, QC G0K 1P0, Canada.
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Amoureux MC, Rajapakse N, Hegyi E, Le D, Grandics P, Szathmary S. Endotoxin Removal from Whole Blood by a Novel Adsorption Resin: Efficiency and Hemocompatibility. Int J Artif Organs 2018; 27:480-7. [PMID: 15291078 DOI: 10.1177/039139880402700606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The structural component of Gram- bacteria, endotoxin (ET), induces the release of endogenous mediators of sepsis. Attempts to remove these downstream molecules in vivo, have not improved survival. However, extracorporeal strategies such as continuous renal replacement therapy or therapeutic plasmapheresis have shown benefit. We are presenting an affinity-based extracorporeal technology for the removal of ET from whole blood. The small-scale device contains an adsorbent that removed 75% of ET present in whole blood. This affinity resin displayed good hemocompatibility regarding the coagulation pathway. Minimal platelet, neutrophil and complement activation were observed. There was also no evidence of consumption of coagulation factors or cell loss. In as much as ET participates in both the inflammatory and coagulation abnormalities in sepsis, this method represents an efficient and hemocompatible way to remove ET from whole blood, which, in an extracorporeal setting, may improve the outcome of sepsis.
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Kim N, Gu JY, Yoo HJ, Han SE, Kim YI, Nam-Goong IS, Kim ES, Kim HK. Contact system activation and high thrombin generation in hyperthyroidism. Eur J Endocrinol 2017; 176:583-589. [PMID: 28137735 DOI: 10.1530/eje-16-0835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperthyroidism is associated with increased thrombotic risk. As contact system activation through formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) has emerged as an important trigger of thrombosis, we hypothesized that the contact system is activated along with active NET formation in hyperthyroidism and that their markers correlate with disease severity. SUBJECTS AND METHODS In 61 patients with hyperthyroidism and 40 normal controls, the levels of coagulation factors (fibrinogen, and factor VII, VIII, IX, XI and XII), D-dimer, thrombin generation assay (TGA) markers, NET formation markers (histone-DNA complex, double-stranded DNA and neutrophil elastase) and contact system markers (activated factor XII (XIIa), high-molecular-weight kininogen (HMWK), prekallikrein and bradykinin) were measured. RESULTS Patients with hyperthyroidism showed higher levels of fibrinogen (median (interquartile range), 315 (280-344) vs 262 (223-300), P = 0.001), D-dimer (103.8 (64.8-151.5) vs 50.7 (37.4-76.0), P < 0.001), peak thrombin (131.9 (102.2-159.4) vs 31.6 (14.8-83.7), P < 0.001) and endogenous thrombin potential (649 (538-736) vs 367 (197-1147), P = 0.021) in TGA with 1 pM tissue factor, neutrophil elastase (1.10 (0.39-2.18) vs 0.23 (0.20-0.35), P < 0.001), factor XIIa (66.9 (52.8-87.0) vs 73.0 (57.1-86.6), P < 0.001), HMWK (6.11 (4.95-7.98) vs 3.83 (2.60-5.68), P < 0.001), prekallikrein (2.15 (1.00-6.36) vs 1.41 (0.63-2.22), P = 0.026) and bradykinin (152.4 (137.6-180.4) vs 118.3 (97.1-137.9), P < 0.001) than did normal controls. In age- and sex-adjusted logistic regression analysis, fibrinogen, factor VIII, IX and XIIa, D-dimer, peak thrombin, neutrophil elastase, HMWK and bradykinin showed significant odds ratios representing hyperthyroidism's contribution to coagulation and contact system activation. Free T4 was significantly correlated with factors VIII and IX, D-dimer, double-stranded DNA and bradykinin. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that contact system activation and abundant NET formation occurred in the high thrombin generation state in hyperthyroidism and were correlated with free T4 level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namhee Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Cancer Research InstituteSeoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ja-Yoon Gu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Cancer Research InstituteSeoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Yoo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Cancer Research InstituteSeoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Se Eun Han
- Department of Internal MedicineUlsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Young Il Kim
- Department of Internal MedicineUlsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Il Sung Nam-Goong
- Department of Internal MedicineUlsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Eun Sook Kim
- Department of Internal MedicineUlsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Hyun Kyung Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Cancer Research InstituteSeoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Liu L, Liu DZ, Wang QP, Zhu ZL, Li HM, Lu XY. Respiratory training during rehabilitation of acute organic fluorine-poisoned patients treated by non-invasive positive pressure ventilation. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2017; 31:371-376. [PMID: 28685539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This paper aimed to analyze the effects of respiratory training on pulmonary function during the rehabilitation period for acute organic fluorine-poisoned patients treated by non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV). Sixty-two acute organic fluorine-poisoned patients admitted to the Xinxiang Central Hospital, Xinxiang City, China, from May 2012 to March 2016 were selected and randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, with 31 cases in each. Both groups received NIPPV. The patients in the control group exercised daily, while the patients in the observation group received contracting lips-abdominal breathing training. The therapeutic effects, pulmonary ventilation function, serum levels of α-antitrypsin1 (α-AT1), surfactant protein D (SP-D), neutrophil elastase (NE), transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), and quality of life were analyzed and compared between the two groups both before and after the administration of treatment. The total effective rate of the observation group was 93.55%, which was significantly higher when compared with the control group (74.19%) (P less than 0.05). The levels of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC ratio, vital capacity (VC), carbon monoxide diffusion capacity (DLco), and maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV) of the observation group were better when compared with the control group and had statistical significance (P less than 0.05). Before treatment, the serum levels of α-AT1, SP-D, NE, and TGF-β1, and quality of life had no statistical significance in either group (P>0.05); after treatment, these indexes and the quality of life for the observation group were significantly higher when compared with the control group, with statistical significance (P less than 0.05). The respiratory training in acute organic fluorine-poisoned patients treated by NIPPV can improve the serum indexes, dilute toxicity, and recover pulmonary function, which play key roles in improving the therapeutic effects and quality of life of patients, and is worthy of clinical promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Liu
- Xinxiang Central Hospital, Xinxiang City, China
| | - D Z Liu
- Xinxiang Central Hospital, Xinxiang City, China
| | - Q P Wang
- Xinxiang Central Hospital, Xinxiang City, China
| | - Z L Zhu
- Xinxiang Central Hospital, Xinxiang City, China
| | - H M Li
- Xinxiang Central Hospital, Xinxiang City, China
| | - X Y Lu
- Xinxiang Central Hospital, Xinxiang City, China
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Abstract
Endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm potentially avoids problems associated with prolonged aortic cross-clamping that occurs with open repair, but it appears to have its own biologic consequences, which may relate to neutrophil elastase release. Blood samples of consecutive patients undergoing open or endovascular abdominal aneurysm repair were analyzed for neutrophil elastase/α1-antitrypsin complex and free elastase. Free elastase rose from baseline and fell quickly in open repair patients, returning to baseline by 144 hours. In the endovascular repair group, it continued to increase for up to 144 hours. Bound elastase increased to 24 hours, returning to baseline in endovascular repair patients by 72 hours, but remaining elevated in open repair patients at 144 hours. Open repair patients showed raised elastase/α1-antitrypsin complex and initial raised free elastase levels. High free elastase levels in endovascular repair patients may reflect less bound elastase and may paradoxically lead to a prolonged inflammatory postoperative response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy E Rowlands
- Vascular Surgical Unit, The General Infirmary at Leeds, Great George Street, Leeds, United Kingdom.
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Abstract
The effect of the depletion of leucocytes from cardioplegic and initial myocardial reperfusion blood on the inflammatory response and myocardial protection in patients with unstable angina undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) was studied. Patients were allocated randomly to a leucocyte-depleted (LD) group or a control group. The LD group received continuous retrograde LD isothermic blood cardioplegia and the control group received isothermic blood cardioplegia. Blood samples were collected at seven time-points before, during and after the procedure. Total leucocyte counts of cardioplegia blood in the LD group were significantly lower than in the control group, but systemic leucocyte and neutrophil counts after CPB did not differ between the groups. The levels of adhesion molecules, cytokines, elastase and malondialdehyde were significantly increased after CPB in both groups and reached peak values 2-6 h after surgery; no other significant differences were found. LD cardioplegia and myocardial reperfusion did not attenuate the endothelial and neutrophil-mediated components of the CPB-induced inflammatory response, which may lead to myocardial reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ozkara
- Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery Clinic, Corlu Sifa Hospital, Tekirdag, Turkey
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20
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Abstract
During this investigation, a model of tourniquet-induced forearm ischaemia-reperfusion injury is employed to investigate the role of leucocytes in damage to the vascular endothelium during ischaemia-reperfusion injury. Leucocyte entrapment is investigated by measuring the concentration of leucocytes in venous blood leaving the arm. Neutrophil and monocyte leucocyte subpopulations are isolated by density gradient centrifugation techniques. Cell surface expression of CD11b and the intracellular production of hydrogen peroxide are measured via flow cytometry. Plasma concentrations of elastase and von Willebrand factor (vWF) are measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbemt assay (ELISA) techniques. During ischaemia-reperfusion, there was an increase in CD11b cell surface expression on neutrophils (P=0.040) and monocytes (P=0.049), and a decrease in peripheral blood leucocytes (P=0.019). There was an increase in the intracellular production of hydrogen peroxide by leucocyte subpopulations (P=0.027 [neutrophils], P=0.091 [monocytes]) and in the plasma elastase concentration (P=0.05). There was also a trend to increasing plasma concentration of vWF (P=0.0562), which was measured as a marker of endothelial damage. Ischaemia-reperfusion results in increased adhesiveness, entrapment and activation of leucocytes. Even following a mild ischaemic insult, this leucocyte response was followed immediately by evidence of endothelial damage. These results may have important implications for understanding the development of chronic diseases that involve mild ischaemic episodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S F Hughes
- Pathology Department, North Wales Medical Centre, Llandudno, Wales, UK.
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Yu ZW, Huang SM. [Role of serum neutrophil elastase determination in the diagnosis of acute exacerbation of asthma in preschool children]. Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi 2016; 18:396-399. [PMID: 27165586 PMCID: PMC7390366 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2016.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the role of serum neutrophil elastase (NE) level in acute exacerbation of asthma in preschool children. METHODS A total of 85 preschool children who were diagnosed with asthma between January 2008 and January 2010 were classified into acute exacerbation group (n=44) and non-acute exacerbation group (n=41). Thirty-five children who received physical examination served as the control group. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the serum levels of NE and interleukin-8 (IL-8). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used for NE evaluation. RESULTS Both the acute and non-acute exacerbation groups had higher serum levels of NE and IL-8 than the control group, and the acute exacerbation group had significantly higher serum levels of NE and IL-8 than the non-acute exacerbation group (P<0.05). The serum level of NE was positively correlated with that of IL-8 (r=0.48, P<0.05). With serum NE level >27.73 μg/L as the cut-off value for diagnosing acute exacerbation of asthma, the sensitivity was 65.9%, the specificity was 95.1%, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.87 (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS The determination of serum NE level in preschool children with asthma helps to diagnose the acute exacerbation of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Wei Yu
- Department of Respiration, Wuxi Children's Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214023, China.
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22
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Heestermans M, Cunha MLR, Reitsma PH, Zeerleder SS, Middeldorp S, van Vlijmen BJM. Circulating nucleosomes and elastase α1-antitrypsin complexes and the novel thrombosis susceptibility locus SLC44A2. Thromb Res 2016; 142:8-10. [PMID: 27093231 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Heestermans
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Division of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marisa L R Cunha
- Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter H Reitsma
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Division of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sacha S Zeerleder
- Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin-Amsterdam Medical Center Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Hematology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Saskia Middeldorp
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bart J M van Vlijmen
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Division of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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van Bijnen STA, Wouters D, van Mierlo GJ, Muus P, Zeerleder S. Neutrophil activation and nucleosomes as markers of systemic inflammation in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria: effects of eculizumab. J Thromb Haemost 2015; 13:2004-11. [PMID: 26333021 DOI: 10.1111/jth.13125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is characterized by complement-mediated hemolysis and a high risk of life-threatening venous and arterial thrombosis. Uncontrolled complement activation and the release of cell-free heme may result in systemic inflammation, neutrophil activation, and the release of procoagulant neutrophilic proteases. Eculizumab, an antibody to complement factor C5, inhibits hemolysis and reduces thrombotic risk. OBJECTIVES To study neutrophil activation and nucleosome levels in relation to thrombosis in PNH patients before and during treatment with eculizumab. PATIENTS/METHODS In 51 untreated PNH patients, including 20 patients before and after commencing eculizumab treatment, we have assessed neutrophil activation by measuring elastase-α1 -antitrypsin (EA) complexes and circulating nucleosomes, as established markers for systemic inflammation and cell death. RESULTS Nucleosomes (median; range; 95% confidence interval [CI]), but not EA complexes, were higher in PNH patients with a history of thrombosis (16; 7-264; 0.3-94 U mL(-1) , n = 12) than in those without (6; 6-35; 7-11 U mL(-1) , n = 39) or controls (8; 6-23; 7-12 U mL(-1) , n = 17). EA complexes, but not nucleosomes, decreased promptly and markedly upon eculizumab treatment. EA complexes (estimated marginal means; 95% CI) remained low at ≥ 12 weeks (50; 34-67) compared with baseline (12; -6 to 29). CONCLUSIONS The increased nucleosome levels in PNH patients with a history of thrombosis suggest systemic inflammation and/or cell death. Neutrophil activation markers did not differ between patients with and without a history of thrombosis and healthy controls. Interestingly, basal neutrophil activation in PNH patients significantly decreases on treatment with eculizumab, indicating that neutrophil activation is C5a driven.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - D Wouters
- Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - G J van Mierlo
- Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - P Muus
- Department of Hematology, RadboudUMC, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - S Zeerleder
- Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Hematology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Gaggar A, Chen J, Chmiel JF, Dorkin HL, Flume PA, Griffin R, Nichols D, Donaldson SH. Inhaled alpha1-proteinase inhibitor therapy in patients with cystic fibrosis. J Cyst Fibros 2015; 15:227-33. [PMID: 26321218 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2015.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Revised: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inhaled alpha1-proteinase inhibitor (PI) is known to reduce neutrophil elastase burden in some patients with CF. This phase 2a study was designed to test inhaled Alpha-1 HC, a new aerosolized alpha1-PI formulation, in CF patients. METHODS We performed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study and evaluated the safety of 100 or 200mg of inhaled Alpha-1 HC once daily for 3 weeks in subjects with CF. Thirty adult subjects were randomized in a 2:1 ratio to receive Alpha-1 HC or placebo. RESULTS Drug delivery was confirmed by a dose-dependent increase in the sputum alpha1-PI. Seven (20.0%) of the 35 adverse events in the 100-mg dose group, 3 (13.0%) of 23 in the 200-mg dose group, and 4 (14.3%) of 28 in the placebo group were drug-related in these subjects. One serious adverse event occurred in 1 subject within each group. CONCLUSIONS Alpha-1 HC inhalation was safe and well tolerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Gaggar
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Junliang Chen
- Clinical Development, Bioscience Industrial Group, Grifols Inc., Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - James F Chmiel
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Case Western Reserve, University School of Medicine and Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | | | - Patrick A Flume
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Rhonda Griffin
- Clinical Development, Bioscience Industrial Group, Grifols Inc., Research Triangle Park, NC, United States.
| | | | - Scott H Donaldson
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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25
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Otman IN, Zozulya SA, Sarmanova ZV, Klushnik TP. [Inflammatory and autoimmune reactions in different forms of nervous system functioning disorders]. Patol Fiziol Eksp Ter 2015:81-88. [PMID: 26852601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Parameters of innate (the leukocyte elastase (LE) and alpha1-proteinase inhibitor (α-1-PI) activity) and adaptive immunity (the level of autoantibodies to neuroantigens nerve growth factor (NGF) and myelin basic protein (MPB)) were studied over time in the blood serum of 107 children with perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy; 188 children with autism spectrum disorder; 108 patients with schizophrenia. The correlations between immunological parameters and clinical status assessment in all groups of patients using psychometric scales were analyzed. The involvement of innate immunity, i.e. inflammatory reactions, in pathogenesis of all analyzed forms of nervous system functioning disorders was confirmed. The activation of adaptive immunity, i.e. autoimmune reactions, was found only in the group of patients with the most severe forms of nervous system functioning endogenous disorders. The results indicate that the inflammatory and autoimmune reactions are pathogenic mechanism of all studied forms of nervous system functioning disorders.
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Andelid K, Andersson A, Yoshihara S, Åhrén C, Jirholt P, Ekberg-Jansson A, Lindén A. Systemic signs of neutrophil mobilization during clinically stable periods and during exacerbations in smokers with obstructive pulmonary disease. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2015; 10:1253-63. [PMID: 26170654 PMCID: PMC4493974 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s77274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is still unclear whether signs of neutrophil mobilization in the blood of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease represent true systemic events and how these relate to bacterial colonization in the airways. In this study, we evaluated these issues during clinically stable periods and during exacerbations in smokers with obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic bronchitis (OPD-CB). METHODS Over a period of 60 weeks for each subject, blood samples were repeatedly collected from 60 smokers with OPD-CB during clinically stable periods, as well as during and after exacerbations. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) and neutrophil elastase (NE) protein and mRNA, growth of bacteria in sputum, and clinical parameters were analyzed. Ten asymptomatic smokers and ten never-smokers were included as controls. RESULTS We found that, during clinically stable periods, neutrophil and NE protein concentrations were increased in smokers with OPD-CB and in the asymptomatic smokers when compared with never-smokers. During exacerbations, neutrophil and MPO protein concentrations were further increased in smokers with OPD-CB, without a detectable increase in the corresponding mRNA during exacerbations. However, MPO and NE protein and mRNA displayed positive correlations. During exacerbations, only increased neutrophil concentrations were associated with growth of bacteria in sputum. Among patients with low transcutaneous oxygen saturation during exacerbations, PaO2 (partial oxygen pressure) correlated with concentrations of MPO and NE protein and neutrophils in a negative manner. CONCLUSION There are signs of systemic neutrophil mobilization during clinically stable periods and even more so during exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In this condition, MPO and NE may share a cellular origin, but its location remains uncertain. Factors other than local bacteria, including hypoxemia, may be important for driving systemic signs of neutrophil mobilization.
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MESH Headings
- Bronchitis, Chronic/blood
- Bronchitis, Chronic/diagnosis
- Bronchitis, Chronic/immunology
- Bronchitis, Chronic/microbiology
- Bronchitis, Chronic/physiopathology
- Case-Control Studies
- Cross-Sectional Studies
- Disease Progression
- Female
- Humans
- Leukocyte Elastase/blood
- Leukocyte Elastase/genetics
- Longitudinal Studies
- Lung/immunology
- Lung/microbiology
- Lung/physiopathology
- Male
- Neutrophil Activation
- Neutrophils/immunology
- Neutrophils/metabolism
- Peroxidase/blood
- Prospective Studies
- Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/blood
- Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/diagnosis
- Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/immunology
- Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/microbiology
- Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/physiopathology
- RNA, Messenger/blood
- Risk Factors
- Smoking/adverse effects
- Smoking/blood
- Smoking/immunology
- Sputum/microbiology
- Time Factors
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Andelid
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anders Andersson
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Christina Åhrén
- Department of Bacteriology, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Pernilla Jirholt
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ann Ekberg-Jansson
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anders Lindén
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Unit for Lung and Airway Research, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Mitichkina EV, Morozov SG, Zakharova IA, Volkova EN, Elistratova IV. [Leukocyte elastase, alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor and C-reactive protein in patients with delayed negativation of serological reactions after treatment of early syphilis]. Patol Fiziol Eksp Ter 2014:8-12. [PMID: 25051676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
It was investigated the activity of leukocyte elastase, alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor and C-reactive protein in patients with delayed negativation of serological reactions after a treatment of syphilis. The patients were divided into three subgroups. The first subgroup consisted of patients who did not have the signs of non-specific immune system response. Second subgroup consisted of patients with clear signs of infection process. The patients this subgroup had elevated values of the contents of inflammatory mediators. The remaining patients with questionable results were attributed in the third subgroup. The obtained results can be of great value to determine further treatment strategy in patients with delayed negativation of serological reactions.
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Kliushnik TP, Omelchenko MA, Sarmanova ZV, Zozulya SA, Otman IN, Dupin AM, Kaleda VG. [Possibilities of the use of immunological indicators for the assessment of the risk of manifestation of endogenous psychoses in patients with nonpsychotic disorders of the juvenile age]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2014; 114:97-101. [PMID: 25591526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study parameters of innate and adaptive immunity in the blood serum of patients with nonpsychotic mental disorders and to classify them by risk of psychosis manifestation. MATERIAL AND METHODS Authors studied 49 male patients, aged from 16 to 25 years, with nonpsychotic mental disorders corresponded to the premanifest stage of endogenous psychosis. The activity of leukocyte elastase (LE), functional activity of alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor (α1-PI) and the level of autoantibodies (aAB) to S-100 and basic myelin protein were measured. RESULTS A significant increase in LE and α1-PI was found in patients compared to controls (p<0.001). The level of aAB to neuroantigens was similar in patients and controls. The increase in LE activity was positively correlated with HAM-D depressive symptoms and SOPS total scores (r=0.47, p=0.02). Correlations between α1-PI activity and scores on SOPS positive subscale (r= -0.61, p=0.002) and SOPS total scores (r= -0.43, p=0.04) were identified. After treatment, the improvement of patient's state assessed by SOPS and HAM-D was correlated with the decrease in LE activity in 80% (p<0.01). The further increase of LE activity in 20% may be considered as an indicator of low quality remission and risk of psychosis manifestation. CONCLUSION Patients with nonpsychotic mental disorders with higher levels of inflammation markers may be attributed to high risk group.
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29
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Androsova LV, Shmakova AA. [In vitro effect of psychotropic drugs on the activity of leukocyte elastase]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2014; 114:55-57. [PMID: 24781228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of the neuroleptic aminazine (chlorpromazine) and the antidepressant melipramine on the activity of leukocyte elastase (LE). METHODS The LE activity was measured on a spectrophotometer. Different doses of aminazine and melipramine in terms of therapeutic doses were added to the pooled blood serum sampled from 7 healthy people. RESULTS Aminazine and melipramine inhibited the LE activity. CONCLUSIONS The dose-dependent inhibiting effect of aminazine and melipramine was shown.
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Mansuy-Aubert V. [Unbalanced elastase/α1-antitrypsin ratio: a new player in the development of obesity and metabolic syndrome]. Med Sci (Paris) 2013; 29:831-833. [PMID: 24148117 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/20132910006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Mansuy-Aubert
- University of Texas, Southwestern medical center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390, États-Unis
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Mansuy-Aubert V, Zhou QL, Xie X, Gong Z, Huang JY, Khan AR, Aubert G, Candelaria K, Thomas S, Shin DJ, Booth S, Baig SM, Bilal A, Hwang D, Zhang H, Lovell-Badge R, Smith SR, Awan FR, Jiang ZY. Imbalance between neutrophil elastase and its inhibitor α1-antitrypsin in obesity alters insulin sensitivity, inflammation, and energy expenditure. Cell Metab 2013; 17:534-48. [PMID: 23562077 PMCID: PMC3646573 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2012] [Revised: 01/02/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms involved in the development of obesity and related complications remain unclear. Here, we report that obese mice and human subjects have increased activity of neutrophil elastase (NE) and decreased serum levels of the NE inhibitor α1-antitrypsin (A1AT, SerpinA1). NE null (Ela2(-/-)) mice and A1AT transgenic mice were resistant to high-fat diet (HFD)-induced body weight gain, insulin resistance, inflammation, and fatty liver. NE inhibitor GW311616A reversed insulin resistance and body weight gain in HFD-fed mice. Ela2(-/-) mice also augmented circulating high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin levels, phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and fatty acid oxidation (FAO) in the liver and brown adipose tissue (BAT) and uncoupling protein (UCP1) levels in the BAT. These data suggest that the A1AT-NE system regulates AMPK signaling, FAO, and energy expenditure. The imbalance between A1AT and NE contributes to the development of obesity and related inflammation, insulin resistance, and liver steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Mansuy-Aubert
- Metabolic Signaling and Disease Program, Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute at Lake Nona, Orlando, FL32827, USA
| | - Qiong L. Zhou
- Metabolic Signaling and Disease Program, Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute at Lake Nona, Orlando, FL32827, USA
| | - Xiangyang Xie
- Metabolic Signaling and Disease Program, Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute at Lake Nona, Orlando, FL32827, USA
| | - Zhenwei Gong
- Metabolic Signaling and Disease Program, Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute at Lake Nona, Orlando, FL32827, USA
| | - Jun-Yuan Huang
- Metabolic Signaling and Disease Program, Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute at Lake Nona, Orlando, FL32827, USA
| | - Abdul R. Khan
- Metabolic Signaling and Disease Program, Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute at Lake Nona, Orlando, FL32827, USA
- Diabetes and Cardio-Metabolic Disorders Laboratory, Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Gregory Aubert
- Metabolic Signaling and Disease Program, Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute at Lake Nona, Orlando, FL32827, USA
| | - Karla Candelaria
- Metabolic Signaling and Disease Program, Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute at Lake Nona, Orlando, FL32827, USA
| | - Shantele Thomas
- Metabolic Signaling and Disease Program, Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute at Lake Nona, Orlando, FL32827, USA
| | - Dong-Ju Shin
- Metabolic Signaling and Disease Program, Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute at Lake Nona, Orlando, FL32827, USA
| | - Sarah Booth
- Division of Developmental Genetics, National Institute of Medical Research, London, UK
| | - Shahid M. Baig
- Diabetes and Cardio-Metabolic Disorders Laboratory, Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed Bilal
- Department of Medicine, Allied Hospital, Punjab Medical College, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Hui Zhang
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Chemistry Division, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Robin Lovell-Badge
- Division of Developmental Genetics, National Institute of Medical Research, London, UK
| | - Steven R. Smith
- Metabolic Signaling and Disease Program, Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute at Lake Nona, Orlando, FL32827, USA
- Translational Research Institute, Florida Hospital, Orlando, FL32804, USA
| | - Fazli R. Awan
- Diabetes and Cardio-Metabolic Disorders Laboratory, Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Zhen Y. Jiang
- Metabolic Signaling and Disease Program, Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute at Lake Nona, Orlando, FL32827, USA
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Carollo C, Lo Presti R, Caimi G. Leukocyte activation markers and oxidative status in chronic kidney disease. MINERVA UROL NEFROL 2013; 65:69-76. [PMID: 23538312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM In chronic kidney disease (CKD) cardiovascular risk is increased. Oxidative stress is strictly involved in the pathophysiology of this enhanced risk as well as leukocytes' activation. To better elucidate these phaenomena we evaluated some parameters of leukocyte activation and oxidative state on fasting blood samples obtained from CKD patients on conservative or hemodialysis (HD) treatment, compared to those obtained from control subjects. METHODS We enrolled 41 patients (25 men and 16 women, mean age 64.7 ± 11.1 years) with CKD and 42 patients (21 men and 21 women, mean age 66.83 ± 14.8 years) with CKD on hemodialysis (HD) treatment. Hemodialyzed patients were evaluated before and after a standard HD session. Leukocyte activation was evaluated by determining plasma elastase and myeloperoxidase level employing ELISA methods. Lipid peroxidation was evaluated as thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), total antioxidant status using spectrophotometry. RESULTS Elastase was higher in CKD on conservative and on HD treatment and its value increased after the HD session. Myeloperoxidase did not show any variation in CKD on conservative and HD treatment while after HD its value was increased. Lipid peroxidation was increased in CKD on conservative and on HD therapy and its value after dialysis showed no significant variation. Total antioxidant status was increased in CKD on HD treatment and significantly decreased after the HD session; no variation between normal controls and CKD subjects on conservative therapy was observed. CONCLUSION Several aspects derive from these data considering the role of oxidative stress in the cardiovascular events that accompany CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Carollo
- Department of Internal and Specialistic Medicine, University of Palermo, Italy.
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Sprenkle P, Russo P. Molecular markers for ischemia, do we have something better then creatinine and glomerular filtration rate? ARCH ESP UROL 2013; 66:99-114. [PMID: 23406805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) can occur spontaneously or iatrogenically, and rates of AKI continue to rise over the last two decades despite improvements in clinical care and development of preventive strategies. Serum creatinine (sCr) is the current gold standard for measuring changes in kidney function and identifying AKI. Detection of AKI by sCr, however, is delayed and small rises connote significantly increased morbidity and mortality. Diagnosis of AKI by sCr is therefore likely too late to prevent some of the early structural changes that characterize renal injury. Several urinary biomarkers including neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), Interleukin-18 (IL-18), kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), liver fatty-acid-binding protein (L-FABP), and cystatin-C, have shown an ability to predict AKI days before an elevation in sCr, and a few even seem to predict AKI-related morbidity and mortality better than sCr alone. A review of the current literature regarding these biomarkers reveals that they individually have unique strengths and weaknesses that can provide different types of information about patients. Currently, NGAL is the urine biomarker with the most promise as an individual marker. However, combining multiple markers to form a 'biomarker panel' along with sCr is an improvement over current clinical risk prediction models alone, and may be able to provide more individualized detail about the type and location of renal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preston Sprenkle
- Urology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
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Androsova LV, Mikhaĭlova NM, Zozulia SA, Dupin AM, Rassadina GA, Lavrent'eva NV, Kliushnik TP. [Inflammatory markers in Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2013; 113:49-53. [PMID: 23528583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The following markers of inflammation: enzymatic activity of leukocyte elastase (LE), functional activity of alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor (α1-PI), levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured in the blood plasma of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VD). The results confirm the presence of an inflammatory component in the pathogenesis of AD and VD. The high level of CRP may be considered as a marker of VD in the early stages of disease. There was an elevation of α1-PI activity in AD patients compared to age-matched controls. The α1-PI activity, levels of CRP and IL-6 increased with the severity of dementia while the LE activity significantly decreased compared to controls (p<0.01). In patients with AD, the IL-6 level was negatively correlated with MMSE scores (Spearman r = -0.46, p=0.0077) and, therefore, can be considered as a biological marker of the severity of the pathological process. Positive correlations between CRP and IL-6 may plausibly reflect an ability of IL-6 to induce the synthesis of CRP.
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Maes M, Twisk FNM, Kubera M, Ringel K. Evidence for inflammation and activation of cell-mediated immunity in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS): increased interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor-α, PMN-elastase, lysozyme and neopterin. J Affect Disord 2012; 136:933-9. [PMID: 21975140 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2011.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2011] [Revised: 09/04/2011] [Accepted: 09/05/2011] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is evidence that inflammatory pathways and cell-mediated immunity (CMI) play an important role in the pathophysiology of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS). Activation of inflammatory and CMI pathways, including increased levels of cytokines, is known to induce fatigue and somatic symptoms. Given the broad spectrum inflammatory state in ME/CFS, the aim of this study was to examine whether inflammatory and CMI biomarkers are increased in individuals with ME/CFS. METHODS In this study we therefore measured plasma interleukin-(IL)1, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α, and PMN-elastase, and serum neopterin and lysozyme in 107 patients with ME/CFS, 37 patients with chronic fatigue (CF), and 20 normal controls. The severity of ME/CFS was measured with the Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (FF) Rating Scale. RESULTS Serum IL-1, TNFα, neopterin and lysozyme are significantly higher in patients with ME/CFS than in controls and CF patients. Plasma PMN-elastase is significantly higher in patients with ME/CFS than in controls and CF patients and higher in the latter than in controls. Increased IL-1 and TNFα are significantly correlated with fatigue, sadness, autonomic symptoms, and a flu-like malaise; neopterin is correlated with fatigue, autonomic symptoms, and a flu-like malaise; and increased PMN-elastase is correlated with concentration difficulties, failing memory and a subjective experience of infection. CONCLUSIONS The findings show that ME/CFS is characterized by low-grade inflammation and activation of CMI. The results suggest that characteristic symptoms of ME/CFS, such as fatigue, autonomic symptoms and a flu-like malaise, may be caused by inflammatory mediators, e.g. IL-1 and TNFα.
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Chen J, Zhao YH, Liu XL, Chen XL, Li J, Lian QQ, Xia Y, Shangguan WN. Effects of breviscapine on pulmonary inflammatory response and lung injury in children undergoing open heart surgery. J Asian Nat Prod Res 2012; 14:270-275. [PMID: 22332775 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2011.652952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the effects of breviscapine (1) on pulmonary inflammatory response and lung function in pediatric patients undergoing open heart surgery. Forty-five children (ASA II or III, aged 2-72 months) were randomly assigned to control group (saline, Group C), low dose 1 group (0.5 mg/kg, Group Bre0.5), and high dose 1 group (1.0 mg/kg, Group Bre1.0), 15 cases each group. Plasma concentrations of procalcitonin (PCT) and neutrophil elastase (NE) were measured and compared at different time points. Plasma concentrations of PCT and NE were increased after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) induction, and the concentrations were lower in 1-treated groups. The present results indicated that continuous infusion of 1 before the CPB suppressed the production of PCT and NE attenuated systemic inflammatory response, which could result in lung protective effect in children undergoing open heart surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, 325027, China
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Dalli E, Colomer E, Tormos MC, Cosín-Sales J, Milara J, Esteban E, Sáez G. Crataegus laevigata decreases neutrophil elastase and has hypolipidemic effect: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Phytomedicine 2011; 18:769-775. [PMID: 21242072 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2010.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2010] [Revised: 10/14/2010] [Accepted: 11/29/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Crataegus laevigata is a medicinal plant most commonly used for the treatment of heart failure and psychosomatic disorders. Based on previous experimental findings, this double-blind placebo-controlled study was aimed at finding beneficial effects of C. laevigata on biomarkers of coronary heart disease (CHD). The study included 49 diabetic subjects with chronic CHD who were randomly assigned to the treatment for 6 months with either a micronized flower and leaf preparation of C. laevigata (400 mg three times a day) or a matching placebo. Blood cell count, lipid profile, C-reactive protein, neutrophil elastase (NE) and malondialdehyde were analyzed in plasma at baseline, at one month and six months. The main results were that NE decreased in the C. laevigata group compared to the placebo group. In the C. laevigata group, baseline figures (median and interquartile range) were 35.8 (4.5) and in the placebo group 31 (5.9). At the end of the study, values were 33.2 (4.7) ng/ml and 36.7 (2.2) ng/ml, respectively; p<0.0001. C. laevigata, added to statins, decreased LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) (mean±SD) from 105±28.5 mg/dl at baseline to 92.7±25.1 mg/dl at 6 months (p=0.03), and non-HDL cholesterol from 131±37.5 mg/dl to 119.6±33 mg/dl (p<0.001). Differences between groups did not reach statistical significance at 6 months. No significant changes were observed in the rest of parameters. In conclusion, C. laevigata decreased NE and showed a trend to lower LDL-C compared to placebo as add-on-treatment for diabetic subjects with chronic CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Dalli
- Department of Cardiology, Associated University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, Valencia, Spain.
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Abstract
Objective. Neutrophil elastase is secreted by neutrophils during activation and circulates in the plasma where it can play a role in inflammation and fibrosis. This study examines the role of neutrophil elastase in SSc, a systemic CTD that is typified by vascular dysfunction, tissue fibrosis and inflammation. Methods. Serum neutrophil elastase and α1-anti-trypsin concentrations were assessed in SSc patients and healthy controls by ELISA. Serum neutrophil elastase activity was assessed by the elastase-dependent conversion of methoxy-succinyl-alanyl-alanyl-prolyl-valyl-p-nitroanilide to p-nitroanilide using a colourimetric assay. Elastase concentration and activity were correlated with clinical disease features. Results. Serum neutrophil elastase concentration and activity were equivalent in patients and controls; however, in SSc serum, there was an increase in elastase activity for each unit of elastase concentration (P = 0.03). This was due to a decrease in serum α1-anti-trypsin concentrations (P = 0.04). Serum elastase concentration (P = 0.03) and activity (P = 0.02) were significantly lower in RNP-positive patients and serum elastase concentrations were lower in ANA-positive patients (P = 0.003). Conclusions. Relative deficiency in serum α1-anti-trypsin concentrations in SSc could have important and pathogenically relevant effects since elastase has pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic roles. Elastase inhibitors are available in clinical practice and could represent potential therapeutic options in SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa C. Barnes
- Department of Rheumatology, Institute of Chronic Disease and Ageing, Clinical Sciences Centre, Aintree University Hospital and Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Andy Cross
- Department of Rheumatology, Institute of Chronic Disease and Ageing, Clinical Sciences Centre, Aintree University Hospital and Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Marina E. Anderson
- Department of Rheumatology, Institute of Chronic Disease and Ageing, Clinical Sciences Centre, Aintree University Hospital and Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Steven W. Edwards
- Department of Rheumatology, Institute of Chronic Disease and Ageing, Clinical Sciences Centre, Aintree University Hospital and Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Robert J. Moots
- Department of Rheumatology, Institute of Chronic Disease and Ageing, Clinical Sciences Centre, Aintree University Hospital and Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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Madoiwa S. [Cross-linked fibrin degradation products by leukocyte elastase (e-XDP)]. Rinsho Byori 2011; Suppl 147:65-70. [PMID: 21766524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Madoiwa
- Division of Cell and Molecular Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University
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Mikashinovich ZI, Nagornaia GI, Kovalenko TD, Zvereva EA. [Oxygen-dependent processes in the blood cells from children with arterial hypertension concomitant with biliary dyskinesia]. Klin Lab Diagn 2011:21-23. [PMID: 21509983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Age individuality is characterized by an imbalance of the molecular mechanisms of antioxidant defense in adolescents with arterial hypertension and biliary dyskinesia, as documented by an enzyme imbalance of the first line of antioxidant defense and H2O, accumulation, by a substantial increase in glutathione peroxidase activity, and by inhibition of the activity of glutathione-dependent enzymes. The considerable rise of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate suggests tissue hypoxia. With this, enhanced neutrophil elastase activity causes damage to the structural components of vascular wall connective tissue, resulting in the development of endothelial dysfunction.
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Zügel NP, Kox M, Lichtwark-Aschoff M, Gippner-Steppert C, Jochum M. Predictive relevance of clinical scores and inflammatory parameters in secondary peritonitis. Bull Soc Sci Med Grand Duche Luxemb 2011:41-71. [PMID: 21634221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS To measure and evaluate clinical scores and various inflammation parameters for providing a better outcome assessment of patients with secondary peritonitis. DESIGN Prospective study. SETTING ICU of a university and a university affiliated hospital. PATIENTS Fifty-six patients with severe secondary peritonitis were enrolled in this study executed within 4 years. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Blood samples were taken preoperatively and 2, 6, 8, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42 and 48 hours post operation, thereafter every 12th hour until day 5 respectively once daily until day 14. Etiology of peritonitis, clinical score systems (APACHE II, MOF and SOFA), and 27 mainly with activity tests or enzyme-immunoassays measurable inflammation parameters were simultaneously analyzed and stratified into lethal outcome (n = 11) or survival (n = 45), respectively. The etiological distribution of peritonitis was identical among both groups. Proportion of intraperitoneal fungi, E. coli, and bacteroids was substantially higher during the primary operation in the group with lethal outcome. With increasing significance initial and follow-up APACHE II, MOF and SOFA scores provided higher values in this group. Various plasma/serum parameters of hemostasis, leukocyte proteolytic system, acute phase reaction, cytokine system, cell adhesion, opsonization, and main organ functions showed significantly different values between both groups at the preoperative stage and/or during observation period I (day 0-4). Logistic regression analysis revealed the SOFA score and neopterin concentration as the combination with the best sensitivity (63.6%) and specificity (93.2%) for predicting the patients' survival even at the preoperative stage. For the observation period I, the combination of SOFA score and TNF receptor II showed the highest predictive sensitivity (72.7%) and specificity (95.6%). CONCLUSION Evaluation of the severity of secondary peritonitis using a scoring system with high prognostic relevance could conceivably result in an earlier and adequate application of intensive care such as hemofiltration, administration of immunoglobulins and serial abdominal lavage to improve successful outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaus P Zügel
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Emile Mayrisch, Luxembourg.
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Kliushnik TP, Androsova LV, Simashkova NV, Zozulia SA, Otman IN, Koval'-Zaĭtsev AA. [Innate and adaptive immunity in children with psychotic forms of autism-spectrum disorders]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2011; 111:41-45. [PMID: 21946139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Leukocyte elastase (LE) activity, functional activity of alpha1-proteinase inhibitor, C-reactive protein, autoantibodies to nerve growth factor and to basic myelin protein have been studied in the blood serum of children with psychotic forms of autistic disorders - children psychosis (F84.02) and atypical children psychosis (F84.11). The activation of innate immunity (the increase in LE activity and acute phase proteins) was seen in children psychosis. The more severe mental disturbances, that are characteristic of endogenous atypical children psychosis, were accompanied by the activation of both innate and adaptive immunity ( the increase of the level of autoantibodies to neuroantigenes in the peripheral blood). Correlations between immunological and clinical parameters suggest the involvement of innate and adaptive immunity in the formation of autistic and cognitive disorders in children.
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Cai JH, Chai JK, Shen CA, Yin HN, Zhou XF, Lu W, Hu QG, Chi YF, Ma L, Deng HP, Zhang XB, Sun TJ, Han YF. [Early changes in serum neutrophil elastase in rats with burn, blast injury or combined burn-blast injury and its significance]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2010; 90:1707-1710. [PMID: 20979883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the early changes in serum neutrophil elastase (NE) in rats with burn, blast injury or combined burn-blast injury and its significance. METHODS A total of 176 male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: control (C), burn (BU), blast injury (BL) and burn-blast combined injury (BB). Rats in C group were not injured. Animals in BU group were subjected to 25% TBSA full-thickness burn on back with 94 degrees C water for 12 seconds; Animals in BL group were inflicted with moderate blast injury with 5 g 8701 compressed dynamite stick as the explosion source 75 cm away while left chest facing the explosive source; Rats in BB group were burned immediately after the blast injury similarly as in BL group. During the first 24 h post-injury, animals in BU and BB groups received intraperitoneal injection of sodium lactate Ringer's solution at a dose of 50 ml x kg(-1) x 12 h(-1). Protein concentration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), water content of lung tissue and NE content in serum were determined at 0 h (C group), 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, 1 d, 2 d, 3 d, 7 d post-injury. RESULTS Protein concentration in BALF, water content of lung tissue and NE content in serum in SD rats of the injured groups were significantly higher than those in C group (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05), peaked within 2 d post-injury, especially at 2 d post-injury (NE content in serum: BU group, 319. 85 +/- 19.50 ng/ml; BL group, 467.43 +/- 31.64 ng/ml; BB group, 626.00 +/- 26.38 ng/ml vs. C group, 78.53 +/- 25.10 ng/ml). Overall, protein concentration in BALF, water content of lung tissue and NE content in serum in BB group were significantly higher than BU and BL groups (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that within 3 d postinjury, a significant positive correlation was found between the protein concentration in BALF, water content of lung tissue and NE content in serum (r = 0.7910, 0.8078, P < 0.05) in BU group. NE content in serum and protein concentration in BALF were significantly positively correlated in BB group (r = 0.8672, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION NE may play an important role in early lung injury of burn or blast injury, especially in combined burn-blast injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-hua Cai
- Department of Burn & Plastic Surgery, First Hospital Affiliated to PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Chepurnenko SA. [Kallikrein-kinin system parameters as markers of various adaptive capacities of the body in young male patients with mitral valve prolapse]. Klin Lab Diagn 2010:13-17. [PMID: 20397573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The activity of kinin system parameters was studied in 137 young male patients with mitral valve prolapse (MVP) in relation to the body's adaptive capacities. As compared with the controls, the patients with high (Group 1) and low (Group 2) adaptive capacities showed 57.08 and 79.14% increases in leukocyte elastase activity, respectively (p < 0.05). In Groups 1 and 2, the leukocyte elastase/alpha1-proteinase inhibitor ratio was 55.6% and by 2.16-fold higher, respectively, than in the controls (p < 0.05). Thus, the high the leukocyte elastase/alpha1-proteinase inhibitor ratio may serve as a biochemical marker of diminished adaptive capacities in young male patients with mitral valve prolapse and indicate a poor prognosis associated with degradation of a diversity of functionally significant proteins.
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Zolotova TV, Grebeniuk IE. [Serum level of anti-neurotrophine antibodies and activity of proteolytic enzymes in patients with sensorineural loss of hearing]. Vestn Otorinolaringol 2010:25-28. [PMID: 21105340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the level of antibodies against nerve growth factor in the serum, activity of elastase in leukocytes and concentration of its inhibitor in patients with sensorineural loss of hearing of different severity, and degree of progression. It was shown that patients with the rapidly developing form of the disease have lower titers of antibodies against nerve growth factor compared with their normal values and an unfavourable ratio of activities of leukocytic elastase and its inhibitor. The patients were divided into three groups based on the level of antibodies against nerve growth factor. They were found to differ in terms of the state of the system of proteolytic enzymes in blood.
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Abstract
We investigated the use of ulinastatin in association with the suppression of polymorphonuclear leukocyte elastase (PMNE), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin 6 (IL-6), and its effects on the prognosis of patients with traumatic hemorrhagic shock. Nineteen patients who visited the emergency department for traumatic hemorrhagic shock were enrolled. Eleven patients were randomly selected to receive a total of 300,000 IU of ulinastatin. Measurements of serum PMNE, TNF-alpha and IL-6 were taken before ulinastatin treatment at 24 hr, two days, three days, and seven days after admission. We compared the Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome scores, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome scores and Acute Physiology, age, Chronic Health Evaluation III scores of the control and ulinastatin groups. There were no significant differences in baseline values, laboratory data, treatment or mortality between the two groups. The serum PMNE levels in the ulinastatin group were lower than in the control group on the second hospitalized day. Serum TNF-alpha and IL-6 levels in the ulinastatin group decreased 24 hr after admission but had no significance. It is suggested that ulinastatin treatment could decrease the serum PMNE levels in trauma patients with hemorrhagic shock at 48 hr after treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Hye Park
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Korea
| | - Kang Hyun Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Hyun Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Sung Oh Hwang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
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Matsumoto K, Koba T, Hamada K, Sakurai M, Higuchi T, Miyata H. Branched-chain amino acid supplementation attenuates muscle soreness, muscle damage and inflammation during an intensive training program. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2009; 49:424-431. [PMID: 20087302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this paper was to assess the effects of branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) supplementation on muscle soreness, muscle damage and inflammation during an intensive training program. METHODS Twelve long-distance runners (20 + or - 1 year-old) participated in a double-blinded crossover designed study conducted during two intensive training periods (three-day). The subjects were provided either a drink containing BCAA (0.8% BCAA in a 3.5% carbohydrate solution; 2,500 mL/day) or an isocaloric placebo drink during each training period. All subjects completed the same training program (total running distance: males: 86 km, females: 64 km), and ate the same meals during the training period. Whole body muscle soreness and fatigue sensation were measured in the morning before and during the training period by Visual Analogue Scale method. Plasma creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and granulocyte elastase (GEL) levels were measured as indicators of muscle damage and inflammation before and after the training period. RESULTS Muscle soreness and fatigue sensation during the training period in the BCAA trial were lower than those in the placebo trial (-32% and -24%, respectively; P<0.05). The plasma CK, LDH, and GEL levels after the training program in the BCAA trial were lower than those in the placebo trial (-21%, -6%, and -15%, respectively; P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that BCAA supplementation during an intensive training program effectively reduces the muscle soreness and fatigue sensation, and that the perceived changes could be attributed to the attenuation of muscle damage and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Matsumoto
- Saga Nutraceuticals Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saga, Japan
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Shcherbakova IV, Siryachenko TM, Mazaeva NA, Kaleda VG, Krasnolobova SA, Klyushnik TP. Leukocyte Elastase and Autoantibodies to Nerve Growth Factor in the Acute Phase of Schizophrenia and their Relationship to Symptomatology. World J Biol Psychiatry 2009; 5:143-8. [PMID: 15346538 DOI: 10.1080/15622970410029926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Many investigations suggest that abnormalities of the immune system are involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. We recently found increased activity of leukocyte elastase (LE) and elevated levels of autoantibodies to neurospecific protein - nerve growth factor (Aab to NGF) - products of the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system in the serum of patients with acute stage schizophrenia. The aim of this study is to elucidate whether or not the changes of LE activity and Aab to NGF level are related to prominent features of schizophrenia. Patients (n=71) corresponding to ICD-10 criteria for relapse-remitting schizophrenia were assessed by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Patients with predominantly positive symptoms showed significantly elevated serum levels of Aab to NGF compared to patients with predominantly negative symptoms, who were more likely to exhibit the high LE activity. Moreover, progression of positive symptoms was coupled with gradual increase of Aab to NGF level and reduction of LE activity. Based on these findings we conclude that the high levels of Aab to NGF relate to a clinical picture characterised mainly by positive symptoms of schizophrenia, whereas high LE-activities relate to a clinical picture with mainly negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina V Shcherbakova
- Mental Health Research Centre, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac surgery induces a systemic inflammatory activation and alterations in the hemostatic cascade. The responses contribute to postoperative complications but may also have protective effects. We investigated the relationship between inflammation, hemostasis and bleeding after off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery (OPCAB). METHODS Ten OPCAB patients were included in a prospective descriptive study. Selected markers of inflammation (IL-6, IL-8, PMN-elastase, C3a, and SC5b-9), and hemostasis (platelet count, ss-thromboglobulin, anti-thrombin, D-dimer and fibrinogen) were measured before and immediately after surgery. Postoperative bleeding was registered. RESULTS Inflammatory variables did not alter significantly during surgery while ss-thromboglobulin concentrations increased and anti-thrombin and fibrinogen decreased. There were significant postoperative correlations between PMN-elastase and ss-thromboglobulin (r=0.82, p=0.004), between PMN-elastase and fibrinogen (r=0.69, p=0.03) and between C3a and ss-thromboglobulin (r=0.71, p=0.02). In addition, there were significant inverse correlations between postoperative bleeding and pre- and postoperative fibrinogen levels (r=-0.76, p=0.011 and r=-0.84, p=0.002 respectively), between bleeding and postoperative ss-thromboglobulin levels (r=-0.66, p=0.04) and between bleeding and postoperative PMN-elastase (r=-0.75, p=0.01). CONCLUSIONS The results give further evidence for an association between the inflammatory response and hemostasis after cardiac surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Obaid Aljassim
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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de la Rebière de Pouyade G, Serteyn D, Deby-Dupont G, Franck T. Method for co-purification of equine neutrophil elastase and myeloperoxidase from a limited blood volume. Res Vet Sci 2009; 87:358-63. [PMID: 19409585 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2009.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2008] [Revised: 03/25/2009] [Accepted: 04/07/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophil myeloperoxidase (MPO) and elastase can be released in severe inflammatory diseases and cause tissue injuries. Equine enzymes have already been individually purified from large blood quantities. We describe the isolation of both enzymes from a same limited blood volume. Both MPO and elastase were extracted by crushing PMN isolated by centrifugation on a percoll-gradient from a 460 ml blood collection. MPO and elastase were separated by an ionic exchange chromatography phase and further purified by gel filtration chromatography on Superdex 200 and 75, respectively. Enzymes were identified in the collected fractions by specific enzymatic assays. The final purity was verified by electrophoresis. Specific activity was improved to 19.92 and 34.3 x for elastase (final yield: 340 microg) and MPO (final yield: 130 microg), respectively, during the procedure. Results show the possibility of isolating both enzymes from the same blood sample with a sufficient yield and purity for future studies on their implication and interaction during inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- G de la Rebière de Pouyade
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Large Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine B41, University of Liège, Sart Tilman, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
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