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Boulanger L, Planchon C, Taudière A, McCoy KD, Burgess STG, Nisbet AJ, Bartley K, Galliot P, Creach P, Sleeckx N, Roy L. The Poultry Red Mite, Dermanyssus gallinae, travels far but not frequently, and takes up permanent residence on farms. Infect Genet Evol 2024; 120:105584. [PMID: 38521481 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Management of Dermanyssus gallinae, a cosmopolitan hematophagous mite responsible for damage in layer poultry farming, is hampered by a lack of knowledge of its spatio-temporal population dynamics. Previous studies have shown that the circulation of this pest between farms is of strictly anthropogenic origin, that a mitochondrial haplogroup has been expanding on European farms since the beginning of the 21st century and that its local population growth may be particularly rapid. To refine our understanding of how D. gallinae spreads within and among farms, we characterized the genetic structure of mite populations at different spatial scales and sought to identify the main factors interrupting gene flow between poultry houses and between mitochondrial haplogroups. To this end, we selected and validated the first set of nuclear microsatellite markers for D. gallinae and sequenced a region of the CO1-encoding mitochondrial gene in a subsample of microsatellite-genotyped mites. We also tested certain conditions required for effective contamination of a poultry house through field experimentation, and conducted a survey of practices during poultry transfers. Our results confirm the role of poultry transport in the dissemination of mite populations, but the frequency of effective contamination after the introduction of contaminated material into poultry houses seems lower than expected. The high persistence of mites on farms, even during periods when poultry houses are empty and cleaned, and the very large number of nodes in the logistic network (large number of companies supplying pullets or transporting animals) undoubtedly explain the very high prevalence on farms. Substantial genetic diversity was measured in farm populations, probably as a result of the mite's known haplodiploid mode of sexual reproduction, coupled with the dense logistic network. The possibility of the occasional occurrence of asexual reproduction in this sexually reproducing mite was also revealed in our analyses, which could explain the extreme aggressiveness of its demographic dynamics under certain conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Boulanger
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, 1919 route de Mende, 3400 Montpellier, France
| | - C Planchon
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, 1919 route de Mende, 3400 Montpellier, France
| | - A Taudière
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, 1919 route de Mende, 3400 Montpellier, France
| | - K D McCoy
- Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, MIVEGEC, Domaine La Valette - 900, rue Jean François BRETON, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - S T G Burgess
- Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, Edinburgh, Midlothian EH26 0PZ, UK
| | - A J Nisbet
- Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, Edinburgh, Midlothian EH26 0PZ, UK
| | - K Bartley
- Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, Edinburgh, Midlothian EH26 0PZ, UK
| | - P Galliot
- Institut Technique de l'AVIculture (ITAVI), FranceITAVI, 41 rue Beaucemaine, 22440 Ploufragan, France
| | - P Creach
- Institut Technique de l'AVIculture (ITAVI), FranceITAVI, 41 rue Beaucemaine, 22440 Ploufragan, France
| | - N Sleeckx
- Experimental Poultry Centre, 77 Poiel, Geel 2440, Belgium
| | - Lise Roy
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, 1919 route de Mende, 3400 Montpellier, France.
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Pfingstl T, Hiruta SF, Shimano S. Mitochondrial metagenomics reveal the independent colonization of the world's coasts by intertidal oribatid mites (Acari, Oribatida, Ameronothroidea). Sci Rep 2024; 14:11634. [PMID: 38773202 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59423-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Oribatid mites are an ancient group that already roamed terrestrial ecosystems in the early and middle Devonian. The superfamily of Ameronothroidea, a supposedly monophyletic lineage, represents the only group of oribatid mites that has successfully invaded the marine coastal environment. By using mitogenome data and nucleic ribosomal RNA genes (18S, 5.8S, 28S), we show that Ameronothroidea are a paraphyletic assemblage and that the land-to-sea transition happened three times independently. Common ancestors of the tropical Fortuyniidae and Selenoribatidae were the first to colonize the coasts and molecular calibration of our phylogeny dates this event to a period in the Triassic and Jurassic era (225-146 mya), whereas present-day distribution indicates that this event might have happened early in this period during the Triassic, when the supercontinent Pangaea still existed. The cold temperate northern hemispheric Ameronothridae colonized the marine littoral later in the late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous and had an ancient distribution on Laurasian coasts. The third and final land-to-sea transition happened in the same geological period, but approx. 30 my later when ancestors of Podacaridae invaded coastal marine environments of the Gondwanan landmasses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Pfingstl
- Department of Biology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, 8010, Graz, Austria.
| | - Shimpei F Hiruta
- Center for Molecular Biodiversity Research, National Museum of Nature and Science, Amakubo 4-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0005, Japan
| | - Satoshi Shimano
- Science Research Center, Hosei University, Fujimi 2-17-1 Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8160, Japan.
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Zhang X, Zhang Y, Xu K, Qin J, Wang D, Xu L, Wang C. Identification and biochemical characterization of a carboxylesterase gene associated with β-cypermethrin resistance in Dermanyssus gallinae. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103612. [PMID: 38492248 PMCID: PMC10959707 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Dermanyssus gallinae is a major hematophagous ectoparasite in layer hens. Although the acaricide β-cypermethrin has been used to control mites worldwide, D. gallinae has developed resistance to this compound. Carboxylesterases (CarEs) are important detoxification enzymes that confer resistance to β-cypermethrin in arthropods. However, CarEs associated with β-cypermethrin resistance in D. gallinae have not yet been functionally characterized. Here, we isolated a CarE gene (Deg-CarE) from D. gallinae and assayed its activity. The results revealed significantly higher expression of Deg-CarE in the β-cypermethrin-resistant strain (RS) than in the susceptible strain (SS) toward α-naphthyl acetate (α-NA) and β-naphthyl acetate (β-NA). These findings suggest that enhanced esterase activities might have contributed to β-cypermethrin resistance in D. gallinae. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that Deg-CarE expression levels were significantly higher in adults than in other life stages. Although Deg-CarE was upregulated in the RS, significant differences in gene copy numbers were not observed. Additionally, Deg-CarE expression was significantly induced by β-cypermethrin in both the SS and RS. Moreover, silencing Deg-CarE via RNA interference decreased the enzyme activity and increased the susceptibility of the RS to β-cypermethrin, confirming that Deg-CarE is crucial for β-cypermethrin detoxification. Finally, recombinant Deg-CarE (rDeg-CarE) expressed in Escherichia coli displayed high enzymatic activity toward α/β-NA. However, metabolic analysis indicated that rDeg-CarE did not directly metabolize β-cypermethrin. The collective findings indicate that D. gallinae resistance to β-cypermethrin is associated with elevated CarEs protein activity and increased Deg-CarE expression levels. These findings provide insights into the metabolic resistance of D. gallinae and offer scientific guidance for the management and control of D. gallinae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuedi Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Kai Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Jianhua Qin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Dehe Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Lijun Xu
- Baoding Livestock Husbandry workstation, Baoding 071023, Hebei, China
| | - Chuanwen Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, Hebei, China.
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Wang P, Li H, Meng J, Liu Q, Wang X, Wang B, Liu B, Wang C, Sun W, Pan B. Activation of CncC pathway by ROS burst regulates ABC transporter responsible for beta-cypermethrin resistance in Dermanyssus gallinae (Acari:Dermanyssidae). Vet Parasitol 2024; 327:110121. [PMID: 38286058 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2024.110121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
The drug resistance of poultry red mites to chemical acaricides is a global issue in the control of the mites, which presents an ongoing threat to the poultry industry. Though the increased production of detoxification enzymes has been frequently implicated in resistance development, the overexpression mechanism of acaricide-resistant related genes in mites remains unclear. In the present study, it was observed that the transcription factor Cap 'n' Collar isoform-C (CncC) and its partner small muscle aponeurosis fibromatosis (Maf) were highly expressed in resistant strains compared to sensitive strains under the stress of beta-cypermethrin. When the CncC/Maf pathway genes were down-regulated by RNA interference (RNAi), the expression of the ABC transporter genes was down-regulated, leading to a significant increase in the sensitivity of resistant strains to beta-cypermethrin, suggesting that CncC/Maf played a crucial role in mediating the resistance of D.gallinae to beta-cypermethrin by regulating ABC transporters. Furthermore, it was observed that the content of H2O2 and the activities of peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) enzymes were significantly higher in resistant strains after beta-cypermethrin stress, indicating that beta-cypermethrin activates reactive oxygen species (ROS). In ROS scavenger assays, it was found that the expression of CncC/Maf significantly decreased, along with a decrease in the ABC transporter genes. The present study showed that beta-cypermethrin seemed to trigger the outbreak of ROS, subsequently activated the CncC/Maf pathway, as a result induced the ABC transporter-mediated resistance to the drug, shedding more light on the resistance mechanisms of D.gallinae to pyrethroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penglong Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuan Ming Yuan West Road, Hai Dian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Huan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuan Ming Yuan West Road, Hai Dian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jiali Meng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuan Ming Yuan West Road, Hai Dian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qi Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuan Ming Yuan West Road, Hai Dian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xu Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuan Ming Yuan West Road, Hai Dian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Bohan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuan Ming Yuan West Road, Hai Dian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Boxing Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuan Ming Yuan West Road, Hai Dian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chuanwen Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, No. 289 Lingyusi Street, Baoding 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Weiwei Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuan Ming Yuan West Road, Hai Dian District, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Baoliang Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuan Ming Yuan West Road, Hai Dian District, Beijing 100193, China.
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Dumitrache MO, Kalmár Z, Roumegous S, Charmes K, Delverdier M, Le Net JL, Cadiergues MC. Feline straelensiosis: Clinical and histopathological description of a case and first genetic characterisation of Straelensia cynotis. Vet Dermatol 2024; 35:234-237. [PMID: 37953433 DOI: 10.1111/vde.13214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Straelensia cynotis is a trombidioid mite that causes painful, usually nonpruritic nodular dermatitis mainly in the dorsal region of dogs. This case report describes the first observation of feline straelensiosis in Europe with clinicopathological findings. Molecular characterisation of the parasite was performed and compared with mites collected from dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M O Dumitrache
- Department of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Université de Toulouse, ENVT, Toulouse, France
| | - Z Kalmár
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- ELKH-ÁTE Climate Change: New Blood-Sucking Parasites and Vector-Borne Pathogens Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - S Roumegous
- Clinique Vétérinaire des Colettes, Bellenaves, France
| | - K Charmes
- Clinique Vétérinaire Sud Quercy, Lafrançaise, France
| | - M Delverdier
- Department of Basic Sciences, Université de Toulouse, ENVT, Toulouse, France
- IHAP, Université de Toulouse, ENVT, INRAE, Toulouse, France
| | - J L Le Net
- Laboratoire d'Anatomie Pathologique Vétérinaire - Anydiag, Amboise, France
| | - M C Cadiergues
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Université de Toulouse, ENVT, Toulouse, France
- INFINITy, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
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Zhang Q, Lu YW, Liu XY, Li Y, Gao WN, Sun JT, Hong XY, Shao R, Xue XF. Phylogenomics resolves the higher-level phylogeny of herbivorous eriophyoid mites (Acariformes: Eriophyoidea). BMC Biol 2024; 22:70. [PMID: 38519936 PMCID: PMC10960459 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-024-01870-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eriophyoid mites (Eriophyoidea) are among the largest groups in the Acariformes; they are strictly phytophagous. The higher-level phylogeny of eriophyoid mites, however, remains unresolved due to the limited number of available morphological characters-some of them are homoplastic. Nevertheless, the eriophyoid mites sequenced to date showed highly variable mitochondrial (mt) gene orders, which could potentially be useful for resolving the higher-level phylogenetic relationships. RESULTS Here, we sequenced and compared the complete mt genomes of 153 eriophyoid mite species, which showed 54 patterns of rearranged mt gene orders relative to that of the hypothetical ancestor of arthropods. The shared derived mt gene clusters support the monophyly of eriophyoid mites (Eriophyoidea) as a whole and the monophylies of six clades within Eriophyoidea. These monophyletic groups and their relationships were largely supported in the phylogenetic trees inferred from mt genome sequences as well. Our molecular dating results showed that Eriophyoidea originated in the Triassic and diversified in the Cretaceous, coinciding with the diversification of angiosperms. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals multiple molecular synapomorphies (i.e. shared derived mt gene clusters) at different levels (i.e. family, subfamily or tribe level) from the complete mt genomes of 153 eriophyoid mite species. We demonstrated the use of derived mt gene clusters in unveiling the higher-level phylogeny of eriophyoid mites, and underlines the origin of these mites and their co-diversification with angiosperms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi-Wen Lu
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin-Yu Liu
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ye Li
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei-Nan Gao
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing-Tao Sun
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Yue Hong
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Renfu Shao
- Centre for Bioinnovation, School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, 4556, Australia
| | - Xiao-Feng Xue
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China.
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Xiong Q, Sopko B, Klimov PB, Hubert J. A novel Bartonella-like bacterium forms an interdependent mutualistic symbiosis with its host, the stored-product mite Tyrophagus putrescentiae. mSystems 2024; 9:e0082923. [PMID: 38380907 PMCID: PMC10949449 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00829-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
A novel Bartonella-like symbiont (BLS) of Tyrophagus putrescentiae was characterized. BLS formed a separate cluster from the Bartonella clade together with an ant symbiont. BLS was present in mite bodies (103 16S DNA copies/mite) and feces but was absent in eggs. This indicated the presence of the BLS in mite guts. The BLS showed a reduction in genome size (1.6 Mb) and indicates gene loss compared to Bartonella apis. The BLS can be interacted with its host by using host metabolic pathways (e.g., the histidine and arginine metabolic pathways) as well as by providing its own metabolic pathways (pantothenate and lipoic acid) to the host, suggesting the existence of a mutualistic association. Our experimental data further confirmed these potential mutualistic nutritional associations, as cultures of T. putrescentiae with low BLS abundance showed the strongest response after the addition of vitamins. Despite developing an arguably tight dependency on its host, the BLS has probably retained flagellar mobility, as evidenced by the 32 proteins enriched in KEGG pathways associated with flagellar assembly or chemotaxis (e.g., fliC, flgE, and flgK, as highly expressed genes). Some of these proteins probably also facilitate adhesion to host gut cells. The microcin C transporter was identified in the BLS, suggesting that microcin C may be used in competition with other gut bacteria. The 16S DNA sequence comparison indicated a mite clade of BLSs with a broad host range, including house dust and stored-product mites. Our phylogenomic analyses identified a unique lineage of arachnid specific BLSs in mites and scorpions.IMPORTANCEA Bartonella-like symbiont was found in an astigmatid mite of allergenic importance. We assembled the genome of the bacterium from metagenomes of different stored-product mite (T. putrescentiae) cultures. The bacterium provides pantothenate and lipoic acid to the mite host. The vitamin supply explains the changes in the relative abundance of BLSs in T. putrescentiae as the microbiome response to nutritional or pesticide stress, as observed previously. The phylogenomic analyses of available 16S DNA sequences originating from mite, scorpion, and insect samples identified a unique lineage of arachnid specific forming large Bartonella clade. BLSs associated with mites and a scorpion. The Bartonella clade included the previously described Ca. Tokpelaia symbionts of ants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Xiong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Pavel B. Klimov
- Purdue University, Lilly Hall of Life Sciences, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Jan Hubert
- Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czechia
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Yang J, Wang Y, Yang H, Zhang X, Zheng X, Huang X. Infection status and molecular detection of pathogens carried by ectoparasites of Miniopterus fuliginosus bats in Yunnan, China. Parasitol Int 2024; 98:102823. [PMID: 37967717 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2023.102823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Bats serve as natural hosts for various infectious agents that can affect both humans and animals, and they are geographically widespread. In recent years, the prevalence of bat-associated pathogens has surged on a global scale, consequently generating significant interest in bats and their ectoparasites. In this study, we specifically selected the Miniopterus fuliginosus as the host and conducted bat captures in Nanjian Yi Autonomous County, Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, and the other in Mouding Township, Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture, located in Yunnan Province, China. Ectoparasites were meticulously collected from the bat body surface, alongside blood samples for subsequent analyses. Following collection, the ectoparasites were methodically identified and subjected to comprehensive ecological analysis. Additionally, DNA was extracted from both the bat blood and bat flies, with conventional PCR techniques utilized for molecular screening of four pathogens: Anaplasma sp., Babesia sp., Hepatozoon sp., and Bartonella sp. The capture efforts yielded a total of 37 M. fuliginosus, from which 388 ectoparasites were recovered, including 197 gamasid mites (Cr = 50.77%, PM = 94.59%, MA = 5.32, MI = 5.63) and 191 bat flies (Cr = 49.23%, PM = 75.68%, MA = 5.16, MI = 6.82). Notably, Steatonyssus nyctali (Y = 0.28, m*/m = 2.44) and Nycteribia allotopa (Y = 0.23,m*/m = 1.54) predominated among different individuals of M. fuliginosus, exhibiting an aggregated distribution pattern. The infection rates of Bartonella sp. were identified to be 18.92% (7/37) among bats and 37.17% (71/191) among bat flies, based on the testing of 37 bats and 191 bat flies. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the Bartonella sequences exhibited similarity to those found in bats and bat flies within China and South Korea. This study not only contributes to our comprehension of ectoparasite infection in M. fuliginosus but also establishes a foundation for potential exploration of their role as vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinting Yang
- Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, 22 Wanhua St, Dali 671000, China
| | - Yujian Wang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin St, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Huijuan Yang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Shatai South Road, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Xianzheng Zhang
- Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, 22 Wanhua St, Dali 671000, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zheng
- Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, 22 Wanhua St, Dali 671000, China
| | - Xiaobin Huang
- Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, 22 Wanhua St, Dali 671000, China.
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Olmedo-Velarde A, Larrea-Sarmiento A, Wang X, Hu J, Melzer M. A Breakthrough in Kitavirids: Genetic Variability, Reverse Genetics, Koch's Postulates, and Transmission of Hibiscus Green Spot Virus 2. Phytopathology 2024; 114:282-293. [PMID: 37366568 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-04-23-0110-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Hibiscus green spot virus 2 (HGSV-2), a member of the genus Higrevirus (family Kitaviridae), is a positive-stranded RNA virus associated with leprosis-like symptoms in citrus and green spots on leaves in hibiscus. HGSV-2 has only been reported in Hawaii, and while it is speculated that mites in the genus Brevipalpus might be responsible for its transmission, proper transmission assays have yet to be conducted. This study characterizes additional citrus and hibiscus isolates of HGSV-2 collected from two Hawaiian Islands. We constructed an infectious cDNA clone from a hibiscus isolate of HGSV-2 collected on Oahu and demonstrated its ability to infect several experimental hosts, including Phaseolus vulgaris, Nicotiana tabacum, and N. benthamiana, as well as natural hosts, Citrus reticulata and Hibiscus arnottianus. Bacilliform virions with varied sizes of 33 to 120 nm (length) and 14 to 70 nm (diameter) were observed in partially purified preparations obtained from agroinoculated leaves. Virus progeny from the infectious cDNA clone was found to be infectious after mechanical transmission to N. benthamiana and to cause local lesions. Finally, an isoline colony of the mite Brevipalpus azores had vector competence to transmit a citrus isolate of HGSV-2 collected from Maui to citrus and hibiscus plants, demonstrating the mite-borne nature of HGSV-2. The infectious cDNA clone developed in this study is the first reverse-genetics system for a kitavirid and will be fundamental to better characterize basic biology of HGSV-2 and its interactions with host plants and mite vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Olmedo-Velarde
- Department of Plant and Environmental Protection Sciences, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822
| | - Adriana Larrea-Sarmiento
- Department of Plant and Environmental Protection Sciences, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822
| | - Xupeng Wang
- Department of Plant and Environmental Protection Sciences, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822
| | - John Hu
- Department of Plant and Environmental Protection Sciences, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822
| | - Michael Melzer
- Department of Plant and Environmental Protection Sciences, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822
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An N, Dou X, Yin N, Lu H, Zheng J, Liu X, Yang H, Zhu X, Xiao X. The Use of Digital PCR for the Diagnosis of Demodex Blepharitis. Curr Eye Res 2024; 49:33-38. [PMID: 37823373 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2023.2265083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This was a pilot study to evaluate the efficacy of digital polymerase chain reaction detection of Demodex in eyelid margin swabs for the diagnosis of Demodex blepharitis. This study aims to explore the possibility of digital polymerase chain reaction detection to improve the diagnostic accuracy of Demodex blepharitis detection. METHODS Volunteers were prospectively recruited and classified by experienced doctors into suspected Demodex blepharitis or healthy controls using slit-lamp evaluation of the eyelid margin and an inquiry about symptoms. Three eyelashes from each eyelid were epilated from participants in each group for microscopic observation and mite counting. Then, swabs from the eyelid margins of each eye were collected after the eyelashes were epilated and stored at -80 °C for future DNA extraction and digital polymerase chain reaction detection. The positive or negative results of both methods were compared for diagnostic accuracy, and the Kappa value was also calculated to evaluate their consistency. RESULTS The accuracy of the digital polymerase chain reaction detection was 71.6% and that of the mite counting method was 75%. Their combined accuracy was improved to 77.3%. The Kappa value of the two methods was 0.505, indicating moderate consistency. CONCLUSION Digital polymerase chain reaction detection of Demodex from ocular surface swabs was painless and noninvasive and is a potentially accurate quantitative method available for diagnosing Demodex blepharitis. This method is also complementary to the conventional mite counting method, particularly when a sufficient number of eyelashes cannot be effectively epilated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na An
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Diseases, Xi'an City First Hospital, Xi'an, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shaanxi Institute of Ophthalmology, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiuhong Dou
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shaanxi Institute of Ophthalmology, Xi'an, China
| | - Ni Yin
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Diseases, Xi'an City First Hospital, Xi'an, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shaanxi Institute of Ophthalmology, Xi'an, China
| | - Haiqing Lu
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Diseases, Xi'an City First Hospital, Xi'an, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shaanxi Institute of Ophthalmology, Xi'an, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xianning Liu
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Diseases, Xi'an City First Hospital, Xi'an, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shaanxi Institute of Ophthalmology, Xi'an, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Diseases, Xi'an City First Hospital, Xi'an, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shaanxi Institute of Ophthalmology, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiuping Zhu
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Diseases, Xi'an City First Hospital, Xi'an, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shaanxi Institute of Ophthalmology, Xi'an, China
| | - Xianghua Xiao
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Diseases, Xi'an City First Hospital, Xi'an, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shaanxi Institute of Ophthalmology, Xi'an, China
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Hu L, Guan C, Zhao Y, Zhang W, Chai R, Teng J, Tian Q, Xun M, Wu F. Cloning, sequencing, expression, and purification of aspartic proteases isolated from two human Demodex species. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127404. [PMID: 37848116 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Aspartic proteases (ASPs) are important hydrolases for parasitic invasion of host tissues or cells. This was the first study on Demodex ASP. First, the complete coding sequence (CDS) was amplified, cloned and sequenced. Then, the protein physical and chemical properties was analysed. Finally, the recombinant plasmid, expression and purification system was established. Results showed that the lengths of CDS of Demodex folliculorum and D. brevis were 1161 and 1173 bp, respectively. The molecular weight of the protein was approximately 40 KDa. It contained an aspartic acid residue, a substrate-binding site and signal peptide, yet lacked a transmembrane domain and was located in the membrane or extracellular matrix. The phylogenetic and conserved motif analyses showed that D. folliculorum and D. brevis clustered separately and then formed a single branch, which finally clustered with other Acariformes species. The prokaryotic expression systems for recombinant ASP with His-tag (rASP-His) and GST-tag (rASP-GST) were constructed. The inclusion bodies of rASP-His were renaturated by gradient urea and purified using NI beads, while those of rASP-GST were renaturated by sarkosyl and Triton X-100 and purified using GST beads. Conclusively, the prokaryotic expression and purification system of Demodex rASP was successfully established for further pathogenic mechanism research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Hu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Chenglin Guan
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Yae Zhao
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China.
| | - Wanyu Zhang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Rong Chai
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Juan Teng
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China; Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Qiong Tian
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Meng Xun
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Feng Wu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
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He G, Li W, Yuan B, Dong W. The complete mitochondrial genome of Echinolaelaps fukienensis provide insights into phylogeny and rearrangement in the superfamily Dermanyssoidea. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288991. [PMID: 38100410 PMCID: PMC10723674 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Echinolaelaps fukienensis is the dominant mite species parasitic on the body surface of the genus Niviventer. The mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) has its own independent genetic material and genetic system, and is now widely used in population genetics, genealogical biogeography, phylogeny and molecular evolution studies. Species diversity of the superfamily Dermanyssoidea is very rich, but its mitogenomes AT content is high, and it is difficult to amplify the complete mitogenome by routine PCR. To date, we have only obtained the mitogenomes of 6 species, scarcity on sequence data has greatly impeded the studies in the superfamily Dermanyssoidea. METHODS Echinolaelaps fukienensis were collected in 2019 from the body surface of Niviventer confucianus (Rodentia, Muridae) in Yunnan Province. The E. fukienensis mitogenome was determined and analyzed for the first time using the Illumina Novoseq 6000 platform. Phylogenetic analyses of the superfamily Dermanyssoidea were conducted based on the entire mitogenome sequences. RESULTS The E. fukienensis mitogenome was 14,402 bp, which is known the smallest genome of the superfamily Dermanyssoidea, encoding a total of 37 genes, including 13 PCGs, 22 tRNAs, 2 rRNAs and 1 control region. Most protein-coding genes use ATN as the start codon and TAN as the stop codon. AT and GC skew of atp8 genes in E. fukienensis were both 0. The average length of 22 tRNA genes of E. fukienensis was 64 bp, and secondary structures of tRNAs showed base mismatches and missing D-arms in many places. Compared with gene arrangement pattern of the hypothetical ancestor of arthropods, the E. fukienensis mitogenome shows a novel arrangement pattern. Phylogenetic tree supported the monophyly of the superfamily Dermanyssoidea. Echinolaelaps fukienensis being the least genetic distant (0.2762) and most closely related to Varroa destructor. CONCLUSIONS This study analyzed comprehensive the structure and evolution of the E. fukienensis mitogenome for the first time, enriches molecular data of the genus Echinolaelaps, which will contribute to further understand phylogeny and rearrangement patterns of the superfamily Dermanyssoidea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangxian He
- Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Wei Li
- Asset and Laboratory Management Office, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Bili Yuan
- Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Wenge Dong
- Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
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13
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Yuan B, He G, Dong W. The evolutionary characterization of Gamasida based on mitochondrial genes codon usage pattern. Parasitol Res 2023; 123:30. [PMID: 38085374 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-023-08019-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Mites belonging to the suborder Gamasida are species-rich and habitat-diverse, with a worldwide distribution. To adapt to the environment and obtain better living conditions, all species of the suborder Gamasida have been undergoing constant evolution. The complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) is an invaluable molecular marker for studying the origin of species, genetic differentiation between closely related species, and between intraspecific groups. In some species of the suborder Gamasida, mitochondrial tRNA genes are truncated and carried unstable genetic information. This study presents a comparative analysis of codon usage pattern and preference of 13 protein-coding genes of 24 species in 17 genera and 10 families of the suborder Gamasida. Results showed that have an obvious AT preference (0.664-0.829) for codon usage in the suborder Gamasida. Most of the optimal and high-frequency codons also end in A/T. The degree of natural selection varies between the same protein-coding genes of different gamasid mites or among different protein-coding genes within the same gamasid mites. Base and codon usage pattern and preference are very similar between the same species and genus, namely the closer species, the more similar their bases and codons usage patterns and preference are. T bases and C bases were the preference bases for codon usage of 24 species in the suborder Gamasida. Evolution of the suborder Gamasida was dominated by natural selection (64.1%). This study provides the first comprehensive analysis of codon usage in the suborder Gamasida, which will greatly improve our understanding of codon usage patterns and preference, genetics, and evolution of the suborder Gamasida. It will help to evaluate the degree of molecular adaptation in the suborder Gamasida and to further explore evolutionary features of the suborder Gamasida.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bili Yuan
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Dali University, Dali, 671000, Yunnan, China
| | - Gangxian He
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Dali University, Dali, 671000, Yunnan, China
| | - Wenge Dong
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Dali University, Dali, 671000, Yunnan, China.
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Lee J, Moon K, Cho S, Lim Y, Kim S, Kim SB, Han SM, Kim YH, Lee SH. Establishment and application of bioassay- and molecular marker-based methods for monitoring fluvalinate resistance of Varroa mites. Pestic Biochem Physiol 2023; 197:105655. [PMID: 38072530 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
The Varroa mite, Varroa destructor, is an ectoparasite that infests honey bees. The extensive use of acaricides, including fluvalinate, has led to the emergence of resistance in Varroa mite populations worldwide. This study's objective is to monitor fluvalinate resistance in field populations of Varroa mites in Korea through both bioassay-based and molecular marker-based methods. To achieve this, a residual contact vial (RCV) bioassay was established for on-site resistance monitoring. A diagnostic dose of 200 ppm was determined based on the bioassay using a putative susceptible population. In the RCV bioassay, early mortality evaluation was effective for accurately discriminating mites with the knockdown resistance (kdr) genotype, while late evaluation was useful for distinguishing mites with additional resistance factors. The RCV bioassay of 14 field mite populations collected in 2021 indicated potential resistance development in four populations. As an alternative approach, quantitative sequencing was employed to assess the frequency of the L925I/M mutation in the voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC), associated with fluvalinate kdr trait. While the mutation was absent in 2020 Varroa mite populations, it emerged in 2021, increased in frequency in 2022, and became nearly widespread across the country by 2023. This recent emergence and rapid spread of fluvalinate resistance within a span of three years demonstrate the Varroa mite's significant potential for developing resistance. This situation further underscores the urgent need to replace fluvalinate with alternative acaricides. A few novel VGSC mutations potentially involved in resistance were identified. Potential factors driving the rapid expansion of resistance were further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joonhee Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - KyungHwan Moon
- Department of Vector Entomology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Republic of Korea
| | - SuSie Cho
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngcheon Lim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghyeon Kim
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Bae Kim
- Apiculture Division, Department of Agricultural Biology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Wanju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Mi Han
- Apiculture Division, Department of Agricultural Biology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Wanju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young Ho Kim
- Department of Vector Entomology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Invertebrate Vector, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Si Hyeock Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Jüds M, Heidemann K, Eitzinger B, Scheu S. Testing the effectiveness of different wash protocols to remove body surface contaminants in invertebrate food web studies. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16018. [PMID: 38025744 PMCID: PMC10668814 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular gut content analysis via diagnostic PCR or high-throughput sequencing (metabarcoding) of consumers allows unravelling of feeding interactions in a wide range of animals. This is of particular advantage for analyzing the diet of small invertebrates living in opaque habitats such as the soil. Due to their small body size, which complicates dissection, microarthropods are subjected to whole-body DNA extraction-step before their gut content is screened for DNA of their food. This poses the problem that body surface contaminants, such as fungal spores may be incorrectly identified as ingested food particles for fungivorous species. We investigated the effectiveness of ten methods for body surface decontamination in litter-dwelling oribatid mites using Steganacarus magnus as model species. Furthermore, we tested for potential adverse effects of the decontamination techniques on the molecular detection of ingested prey organisms. Prior to decontamination, oribatid mites were fed with an oversupply of nematodes (Plectus sp.) and postmortem contaminated with fungal spores (Chaetomium globosum). We used diagnostic PCR with primers specific for C. globosum and Plectus sp. to detect contaminants and prey, respectively. The results suggest that chlorine bleach (sodium hypochloride, NaClO, 5%) is most efficient in removing fungal surface contamination without significantly affecting the detection of prey DNA in the gut. Based on these results, we provide a standard protocol for efficient body surface decontamination allowing to trace the prey spectrum of microarthropods using molecular gut content analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Jüds
- J. F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Kerstin Heidemann
- J. F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Eitzinger
- J. F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Landau in der Pfalz, Germany
| | - Stefan Scheu
- J. F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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Artamonova VS, Bizin MS, Efeykin BD, Makarova OL. Two Lineages of Oribatid Mites Morphologically Correspond to the Circumpolar Species Ameronothrus nigrofemoratus (Acari, Oribatida) but Differ Genetically as Distinct Species Are Revealed on the Kolguev Island. Dokl Biol Sci 2023; 512:321-325. [PMID: 38087021 DOI: 10.1134/s0012496623700631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Data reported from Northern Canada were until recently the only available data on the genetic characteristics of the oribatid mite Ameronothrus nigrofemoratus, which has a circumpolar distribution on the coasts of Arctic seas. A partial cytochrome oxidase I gene (COI) mtDNA sequence was examined in mites morphologically assigned to this species from the Kolguev Island. Two highly divergent phylogenetic lineages of A. nigrofemoratus (7% divergence) were revealed, neither of which was found on the Canadian coast. Four COI amino acid substitutions distinguished one of the lineages from North American A. nigrofemoratus, corresponding to the degree of difference between A. nigrofemoratus and its sister species A. lineatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- V S Artamonova
- Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - M S Bizin
- Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
| | - B D Efeykin
- Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - O L Makarova
- Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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Matthews AE, Boves TJ, Sweet AD, Ames EM, Bulluck LP, Johnson EI, Johnson M, Lipshutz SE, Percy KL, Raybuck DW, Schelsky WM, Tonra CM, Viverette CB, Wijeratne AJ. Novel insights into symbiont population structure: Globe-trotting avian feather mites contradict the specialist-generalist variation hypothesis. Mol Ecol 2023; 32:5260-5275. [PMID: 37635403 DOI: 10.1111/mec.17115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Researchers often examine symbiont host specificity as a species-level pattern, but it can also be key to understanding processes occurring at the population level, which are not as well understood. The specialist-generalist variation hypothesis (SGVH) attempts to explain how host specificity influences population-level processes, stating that single-host symbionts (specialists) exhibit stronger population genetic structure than multi-host symbionts (generalists) because of fewer opportunities for dispersal and more restricted gene flow between populations. However, this hypothesis has not been tested in systems with highly mobile hosts, in which population connectivity may vary temporally and spatially. To address this gap, we tested the SGVH on proctophyllodid feather mites found on migratory warblers (family Parulidae) with contrasting host specificities, Amerodectes protonotaria (a host specialist of Protonotaria citrea) and A. ischyros (a host generalist of 17 parulid species). We used a pooled-sequencing approach and a novel workflow to analyse genetic variants obtained from whole genome data. Both mite species exhibited fairly weak population structure overall, and contrary to predictions of the SGVH, the generalist was more strongly structured than the specialist. These results may suggest that specialists disperse more freely among conspecifics, whereas generalists sort according to geography. Furthermore, our results may reflect an unexpected period for mite transmission - during the nonbreeding season of migratory hosts - as mite population structure more closely reflects the distributions of hosts during the nonbreeding season. Our findings alter our current understanding of feather mite biology and highlight the potential for studies to explore factors driving symbiont diversification at multiple evolutionary scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alix E Matthews
- College of Sciences and Mathematics and Molecular Biosciences Program, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, Arkansas, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, Arkansas, USA
| | - Than J Boves
- Department of Biological Sciences, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, Arkansas, USA
| | - Andrew D Sweet
- Department of Biological Sciences, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, Arkansas, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Ames
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Lesley P Bulluck
- Center for Environmental Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Erik I Johnson
- Audubon Delta, National Audubon Society, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Matthew Johnson
- Audubon South Carolina, National Audubon Society, Harleyville, South Carolina, USA
| | - Sara E Lipshutz
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
- Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Katie L Percy
- Audubon Delta, National Audubon Society, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service, Addis, Louisiana, USA
| | - Douglas W Raybuck
- Department of Biological Sciences, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, Arkansas, USA
- Department of Forestry, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Wendy M Schelsky
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Behavior, School of Integrative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA
- Prairie Research Institute, Illinois Natural History Survey, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - Christopher M Tonra
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Catherine B Viverette
- Center for Environmental Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Asela J Wijeratne
- Department of Biological Sciences, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, Arkansas, USA
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18
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Kerschbaumer M, Schäffer S, Pfingstl T. Claw shape variation in oribatid mites of the genera Carabodes and Caleremaeus: exploring the interplay of habitat, ecology and phylogenetics. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16021. [PMID: 37780373 PMCID: PMC10538281 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Claws are a commonly observed biological adaptation across a wide range of animal groups. They serve different functions and their link to evolution is challenging to analyze. While there are many studies on the comparative anatomy and morphology of claws in reptiles, birds and several arthropods, knowledge about claws of soil-living oribatid mites, is still limited. Recent research on intertidal oribatid mites has shown that claw shape is strongly correlated with microhabitat and is subject to ecological selective pressures. However, the selective constraints shaping claws in terrestrial oribatid mites are still unknown. Methods In this study, 300 specimens from 12 different species and two genera were examined. Geometric morphometrics were used to quantify claw length and curvature, and to analyze two-dimensional claw shape. In combination with molecular phylogenetic analyses of investigated populations phylogenetic signal was quantified within genera using Blomberg's K and random replicates. Additionally, ecological information on the investigated species was gathered from previous studies and compiled into tables. Results The claw shapes of Carabodes species vary moderately, with the three species C. reticulatus, C. rugosior and C. tenuis deviating the most from the others. These three species are only found in a small number of habitats, which may require a more specialized claw shape. Our results show that there is a phylogenetic influence on claw shape in Carabodes but not in Caleremaeus. Additionally, habitat specificity and lifestyle were found to have ecological impact on claw shape in both genera. The present results demonstrate that characteristics of the claws of terrestrial oribatid mites are correlated with ecology, but this correlation is apparently weaker than in intertidal oribatid mites that are prone to strong external forces.
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Ramos-González PL, Dias Arena G, Tassi AD, Chabi-Jesus C, Watanabe Kitajima E, Freitas-Astúa J. Kitaviruses: A Window to Atypical Plant Viruses Causing Nonsystemic Diseases. Annu Rev Phytopathol 2023; 61:97-118. [PMID: 37217202 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-phyto-021622-121351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Kitaviridae is a family of plant-infecting viruses that have multiple positive-sense, single-stranded RNA genomic segments. Kitaviruses are assigned into the genera Cilevirus, Higrevirus, and Blunervirus, mainly on the basis of the diversity of their genomic organization. Cell-to-cell movement of most kitaviruses is provided by the 30K family of proteins or the binary movement block, considered an alternative movement module among plant viruses. Kitaviruses stand out for producing conspicuously unusual locally restricted infections and showing deficient or nonsystemic movement likely resulting from incompatible or suboptimal interactions with their hosts. Transmission of kitaviruses is mediated by mites of many species of the genus Brevipalpus and at least one species of eriophyids. Kitavirus genomes encode numerous orphan open reading frames but RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and the transmembrane helix-containing protein, generically called SP24, typify a close phylogenetic link with arthropod viruses. Kitaviruses infect a large range of host plants and cause diseases of economic concern in crops such as citrus, tomato, passion fruit, tea, and blueberry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriella Dias Arena
- Instituto Biológico, URL Biologia Molecular Aplicada, São Paulo, Brazil; ,
- Departamento de Fitopatologia e Nematologia, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (ESALQ), Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aline Daniele Tassi
- Instituto Biológico, URL Biologia Molecular Aplicada, São Paulo, Brazil; ,
- Tropical Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Homestead, Florida, USA
| | - Camila Chabi-Jesus
- Instituto Biológico, URL Biologia Molecular Aplicada, São Paulo, Brazil; ,
- Departamento de Fitopatologia e Nematologia, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (ESALQ), Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elliot Watanabe Kitajima
- Departamento de Fitopatologia e Nematologia, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (ESALQ), Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana Freitas-Astúa
- Instituto Biológico, URL Biologia Molecular Aplicada, São Paulo, Brazil; ,
- Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura, Cruz das Almas, Bahia, Brazil
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20
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Polak M, Bose J, Benoit JB, Singh H. Heritability and preadult survivorship costs of ectoparasite resistance in the naturally occurring Drosophila-Gamasodes mite system. Evolution 2023; 77:2068-2080. [PMID: 37393947 DOI: 10.1093/evolut/qpad118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Our understanding of the evolutionary significance of ectoparasites in natural communities is limited by a paucity of information concerning the mechanisms and heritability of resistance to this ubiquitous group of organisms. Here, we report the results of artificial selection for increasing ectoparasite resistance in replicate lines of Drosophila melanogaster derived from a field-fresh population. Resistance, as ability to avoid infestation by naturally co-occurring Gamasodes queenslandicus mites, increased significantly in response to selection and realized heritability (SE) was estimated to be 0.11 (0.0090). Deployment of energetically expensive bursts of flight from the substrate was a main mechanism of host resistance that responded to selection, aligning with previously documented metabolic costs of fly behavioral defenses. Host body size, which affects parasitism rate in some fly-mite systems, was not shifted by selection. In contrast, resistant lines expressed significant reductions in larva-to-adult survivorship with increasing toxic (ammonia) stress, identifying an environmentally modulated preadult cost of resistance. Flies selected for resistance to G. queenslandicus were also more resistant to a different mite, Macrocheles subbadius, suggesting that we documented genetic variation and a pleiotropic cost of broad-spectrum behavioral immunity against ectoparasites. The results demonstrate significant evolutionary potential of resistance to an ecologically important class of parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Polak
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Joy Bose
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Joshua B Benoit
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Harmanpreet Singh
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
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21
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Matthews AE, Wijeratne AJ, Sweet AD, Hernandes FA, Toews DPL, Boves TJ. Dispersal-Limited Symbionts Exhibit Unexpectedly Wide Variation in Host Specificity. Syst Biol 2023; 72:802-819. [PMID: 36960591 DOI: 10.1093/sysbio/syad014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
A fundamental aspect of symbiotic relationships is host specificity, ranging from extreme specialists associated with only a single host species to generalists associated with many different species. Although symbionts with limited dispersal capabilities are expected to be host specialists, some are able to associate with multiple hosts. Understanding the micro- and macro-evolutionary causes of variations in host specificity is often hindered by sampling biases and the limited power of traditional evolutionary markers. Here, we studied feather mites to address the barriers associated with estimates of host specificity for dispersal-limited symbionts. We sampled feather mites (Proctophyllodidae) from a nearly comprehensive set of North American breeding warblers (Parulidae) to study mite phylogenetic relationships and host-symbiont codiversification. We used pooled-sequencing (Pool-Seq) and short-read Illumina technology to interpret results derived from a traditional barcoding gene (cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1) versus 11 protein-coding mitochondrial genes using concatenated and multispecies coalescent approaches. Despite the statistically significant congruence between mite and host phylogenies, mite-host specificity varies widely, and host switching is common regardless of the genetic marker resolution (i.e., barcode vs. multilocus). However, the multilocus approach was more effective than the single barcode in detecting the presence of a heterogeneous Pool-Seq sample. These results suggest that presumed symbiont dispersal capabilities are not always strong indicators of host specificity or of historical host-symbiont coevolutionary events. A comprehensive sampling at fine phylogenetic scales may help to better elucidate the microevolutionary filters that impact macroevolutionary processes regulating symbioses, particularly for dispersal-limited symbionts. [Codiversification; cophylogenetics; feather mites; host switching; pooled sequencing; species delineation; symbiosis, warblers.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Alix E Matthews
- College of Sciences and Mathematics and Molecular Biosciences Program, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, AR, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, AR, USA
| | - Asela J Wijeratne
- Department of Biological Sciences, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, AR, USA
| | - Andrew D Sweet
- Department of Biological Sciences, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, AR, USA
| | - Fabio A Hernandes
- Department of Ecology and Zoology, CCB/ECZ, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - David P L Toews
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
| | - Than J Boves
- Department of Biological Sciences, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, AR, USA
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22
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Yang HJ, Yang ZH, Ren TG, Dong WG. The complete mitochondrial genome of Eulaelaps huzhuensis (Mesostigmata: Haemogamasidae). Exp Appl Acarol 2023; 90:301-316. [PMID: 37349609 PMCID: PMC10406673 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-023-00802-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Some mites of the family Haemogamasidae can transmit a variety of zoonotic diseases and have important public health and safety implications. Currently, however, little attention has been paid to molecular data of Haemogamasidae species, limiting our understanding of their evolutionary and phylogenetic relationships. In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome of Eulaelaps huzhuensis was determined for the first time, and its genomic information was analyzed in detail. The mitochondrial genome of E. huzhuensis is 14,872 bp in length with 37 genes and two control regions. The base composition showed a distinct AT preference. Twelve protein-coding genes have a typical ATN as the start codon, and three protein-coding genes have incomplete stop codons. During the folding of tRNA genes, a total of 30 mismatches occurred, and three tRNA genes had an atypical cloverleaf secondary structure. The order of the E. huzhuensis mitochondrial genome arrangement is a new type of rearrangement in Mesostigmata. The phylogenetic analysis confirmed that the family Haemogamasidae is a monophyletic branch and does not belong to a subfamily of the Laelapidae. Our results lay the foundation for subsequent studies on the phylogeny and evolutionary history of the family Haemogamasidae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Juan Yang
- Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, 671000, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Yang
- School of Foreign Languages, Dali University, Dali, 671000, China
| | - Tian-Guang Ren
- College of Nursing, Dali University, Dali, 671000, China
| | - Wen-Ge Dong
- Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, 671000, China.
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23
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Przesmycka K, Radwan J. Small-scale genetic structure of populations of the bulb mite Rhizoglyphus robini. Exp Appl Acarol 2023; 90:219-226. [PMID: 37498400 PMCID: PMC10406659 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-023-00807-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Bulb mites are an economically significant pest of subterranean parts of plants and a versatile laboratory animal. However, the genetic structure of their populations remains unknown. To fill this gap in our knowledge of their biology, we set up a field experiment in which we allowed mites to colonize onion bulbs, and then determined the genetic structure of colonisers based on a panel of microsatellite loci. We found moderate but significant population structure among sites separated by ca. 20 m (FST range 0.03-0.21), with 7% of genetic variance distributed among sites. Allelic richness within some bulbs was nearly as high as that in the total population, suggesting that colonisation of bulbs was not associated with strong population bottlenecks. The significant genetic structure we observed over small spatial scales seems to reflect limited dispersal of mites in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Przesmycka
- Evolutionary Biology Group, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland
| | - Jacek Radwan
- Evolutionary Biology Group, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland.
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24
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Nguyen TT, Yoo MS, Truong AT, Lee JH, Youn SY, Lee SJ, Kim DH, Yoon SS, Cho YS. First identification of Tyrophagus curvipenis (Acari: Acaridae) and pathogen detection in Apis mellifera colonies in the Republic of Korea. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9469. [PMID: 37301922 PMCID: PMC10257717 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36695-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Mites of the genus Tyrophagus (Acari: Acaridae) are among the most widely distributed mites. The species in this genus cause damage to stored products and crops, and pose a threat to human health. However, the influence of Tyrophagus spp. in apiculture remains unknown. In 2022, a study focusing on the identification of Tyrophagus species within five apiaries was conducted in Chungcheongnam Province, Republic of Korea. Its specific objective was to investigate the presence of Tyrophagus mites in response to the reported high mortality of honey bee colonies in this area. Morphological identification and phylogenetic analysis using the mitochondrial gene cytochrome-c oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) confirmed for the first time the presence of the mite species Tyrophagus curvipenis in a honey bee colony in the Republic of Korea. Two honey bee pathogens were detected in the mite, a viral pathogen (deformed wing virus, DWV) and a protozoal pathogen (Trypanosoma spp.). The presence of the two honey bee pathogens in the mite suggests that this mite could contribute to the spread of related honey bee diseases. However, the direct influence of the mite T. curvipenis on honey bee health remains unknown and should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi-Thu Nguyen
- Laboratory of Parasitic and Honey Bee Diseases, Bacterial Disease Division, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Center for Honey Bee Disease Control, 39660, Gimcheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Sun Yoo
- Laboratory of Parasitic and Honey Bee Diseases, Bacterial Disease Division, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Center for Honey Bee Disease Control, 39660, Gimcheon, Republic of Korea
| | - A-Tai Truong
- Laboratory of Parasitic and Honey Bee Diseases, Bacterial Disease Division, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Center for Honey Bee Disease Control, 39660, Gimcheon, Republic of Korea
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Thai Nguyen University of Sciences, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
| | - Jong Ho Lee
- Plant Pest Control Division, Department of Plant Quarantine, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - So Youn Youn
- Laboratory of Parasitic and Honey Bee Diseases, Bacterial Disease Division, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Center for Honey Bee Disease Control, 39660, Gimcheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Ji Lee
- Laboratory of Parasitic and Honey Bee Diseases, Bacterial Disease Division, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Center for Honey Bee Disease Control, 39660, Gimcheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Ho Kim
- Laboratory of Parasitic and Honey Bee Diseases, Bacterial Disease Division, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Center for Honey Bee Disease Control, 39660, Gimcheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Seek Yoon
- Laboratory of Parasitic and Honey Bee Diseases, Bacterial Disease Division, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Center for Honey Bee Disease Control, 39660, Gimcheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Sang Cho
- Laboratory of Parasitic and Honey Bee Diseases, Bacterial Disease Division, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Center for Honey Bee Disease Control, 39660, Gimcheon, Republic of Korea.
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25
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Parrett JM, Łukasiewicz A, Chmielewski S, Szubert-Kruszyńska A, Maurizio PL, Grieshop K, Radwan J. A sexually selected male weapon characterized by strong additive genetic variance and no evidence for sexually antagonistic polyphenic maintenance. Evolution 2023; 77:1289-1302. [PMID: 36848265 PMCID: PMC10234106 DOI: 10.1093/evolut/qpad039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Sexual selection and sexual antagonism are important drivers of eco-evolutionary processes. The evolution of traits shaped by these processes depends on their genetic architecture, which remains poorly studied. Here, implementing a quantitative genetics approach using diallel crosses of the bulb mite, Rhizoglyphus robini, we investigated the genetic variance that underlies a sexually selected weapon that is dimorphic among males and female fecundity. Previous studies indicated that a negative genetic correlation between these two traits likely exists. We found male morph showed considerable additive genetic variance, which is unlikely to be explained solely by mutation-selection balance, indicating the likely presence of large-effect loci. However, a significant magnitude of inbreeding depression also indicates that morph expression is likely to be condition-dependent to some degree and that deleterious recessives can simultaneously contribute to morph expression. Female fecundity also showed a high degree of inbreeding depression, but the variance in female fecundity was mostly explained by epistatic effects, with very little contribution from additive effects. We found no significant genetic correlation, nor any evidence for dominance reversal, between male morph and female fecundity. The complex genetic architecture underlying male morph and female fecundity in this system has important implications for our understanding of the evolutionary interplay between purifying selection and sexually antagonistic selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan M Parrett
- Evolutionary Biology Group, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Łukasiewicz
- Evolutionary Biology Group, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Sebastian Chmielewski
- Evolutionary Biology Group, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Paul L Maurizio
- Department of Medicine, Section of Genetic Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Karl Grieshop
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jacek Radwan
- Evolutionary Biology Group, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
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26
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Collins GE, Young MR, Convey P, Chown SL, Cary SC, Adams BJ, Wall DH, Hogg ID. Biogeography and Genetic Diversity of Terrestrial Mites in the Ross Sea Region, Antarctica. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14030606. [PMID: 36980877 PMCID: PMC10048765 DOI: 10.3390/genes14030606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Free-living terrestrial mites (Acari) have persisted through numerous glacial cycles in Antarctica. Very little is known, however, of their genetic diversity and distribution, particularly within the Ross Sea region. To redress this gap, we sampled mites throughout the Ross Sea region, East Antarctica, including Victoria Land and the Queen Maud Mountains (QMM), covering a latitudinal range of 72–85 °S, as well as Lauft Island near Mt. Siple (73 °S) in West Antarctica and Macquarie Island (54oS) in the sub-Antarctic. We assessed genetic diversity using mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene sequences (COI-5P DNA barcode region), and also morphologically identified voucher specimens. We obtained 130 sequences representing four genera: Nanorchestes (n = 30 sequences), Stereotydeus (n = 46), Coccorhagidia (n = 18) and Eupodes (n = 36). Tree-based analyses (maximum likelihood) revealed 13 genetic clusters, representing as many as 23 putative species indicated by barcode index numbers (BINs) from the Barcode of Life Datasystems (BOLD) database. We found evidence for geographically-isolated cryptic species, e.g., within Stereotydeus belli and S. punctatus, as well as unique genetic groups occurring in sympatry (e.g., Nanorchestes spp. in QMM). Collectively, these data confirm high genetic divergence as a consequence of geographic isolation over evolutionary timescales. From a conservation perspective, additional targeted sampling of understudied areas in the Ross Sea region should be prioritised, as further diversity is likely to be found in these short-range endemic mites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma E. Collins
- School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand
- LOEWE Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics, Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Correspondence: (G.E.C.); (I.D.H.)
| | - Monica R. Young
- Canadian National Collection of Insects Arachnids and Nematodes, Agriculture and Agrifood Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada
| | - Peter Convey
- British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge CB3 OET, UK
- Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems, BASE, University Austral of Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Steven L. Chown
- Securing Antarctica’s Environmental Future, School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne 3800, Australia
| | - S. Craig Cary
- School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand
| | - Byron J. Adams
- Department of Biology, Evolutionary Ecology Laboratories, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
- Monte L. Bean Museum, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Diana H. Wall
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
- School of Global Environmental Sustainability, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Ian D. Hogg
- School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand
- Canadian High Arctic Research Station, Polar Knowledge Canada, Cambridge Bay, NU X0B 0C0, Canada
- Correspondence: (G.E.C.); (I.D.H.)
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27
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Duarte ME, Lewandowski M, de Mendonça RS, Simoni S, Navia D. Genetic analysis of the tomato russet mite provides evidence of oligophagy and a widespread pestiferous haplotype. Exp Appl Acarol 2023; 89:171-199. [PMID: 36795266 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-023-00777-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide, the tomato russet mite (TRM), Aculops lycopersici (Eriophyidae), is a key pest on cultivated tomato in addition to infesting other cultivated and wild Solanaceae; however, basic information on TRM supporting effective control strategies is still lacking, mainly regarding its taxonomic status and genetic diversity and structure. As A. lycopersici is reported on different species and genera of host plants, populations associated with different host plants may constitute specialized cryptic species, as shown for other eriophyids previously considered generalists. The main aims of this study were to (i) confirm the TRM taxonomic unity of populations from different host plants and localities as well as the species' oligophagy, and (ii) to advance the understanding of TRM host relationship and invasion history. For this purpose, we evaluated the genetic variability and structure of populations from different host plants along crucial areas of occurrence, including the area of potential origin, based on DNA sequences of mitochondrial (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I) and nuclear (internal transcribed spacer, D2 28S) genomic regions. Specimens from South America (Brazil) and Europe (France, Italy, Poland, The Netherlands) were collected from tomato and other solanaceous species from the genera Solanum and Physalis. Final TRM datasets were composed of 101, 82 and 50 sequences from the COI (672 bp), ITS (553 bp) and D2 (605 bp) regions, respectively. Distributions and frequencies of haplotypes (COI) and genotypes (D2 and ITS1) were inferred; pairwise genetic distance comparisons, and phylogenetic analysis were performed, including Bayesian Inference (BI) combined analysis. Our results showed that genetic divergences for mitochondrial and nuclear genomic regions from TRM associated with different host plants were lower than those observed in other eriophyid taxa, confirming conspecificity of TRM populations and oligophagy of this eriophyid mite. Four haplotypes (cH) were identified from the COI sequences with cH1 being the most frequent, representing 90% of all sequences occurring in all host plants studied (Brazil, France, The Netherlands); the other haplotypes were present exclusively in Brazilian populations. Six variants (I) were identified from the ITS sequences: I-1 was the most frequent (76.5% of all sequences), spread in all countries and associated with all host plants, except S. nigrum. Just one D2 sequence variant was found in all studied countries. The genetic homogeneity among populations highlights the occurrence of a highly invasive and oligophagous haplotype. These results failed to corroborate the hypothesis that differential symptomatology or damage intensity among tomato varieties and solanaceous host plants could be due to the genetic diversity of the associated mite populations. The genetic evidence, along with the history of spread of cultivated tomato, corroborates the hypothesis of a South American origin of TRM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercia Elias Duarte
- Federal University of Piauí, Campus Amilcar Ferreira Sobral, Floriano, PI, CEP: 64808-605, Brazil
| | - Mariusz Lewandowski
- Section of Applied Entomology, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, ul. Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Renata Santos de Mendonça
- Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Brasília, ICC Sul Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, DF, CEP 70910-970, Brazil
| | - Sauro Simoni
- CREA - DC Council for Agricultural Research and Economics-Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification, Via di Lanciola12/a, 50125, Florence, Italy
| | - Denise Navia
- CBGP, Institut Agro, CIRAD, INRAE, IRD, Univ Montpellier, Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement (INRAE), 755 Avenue du Campus Agropolis, CS 30016, 34988, Montferrier sur Lez Cedex, France.
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28
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Kaminskienė E, Paulauskas A, Balčiauskas L, Radzijevskaja J. Bartonella spp. detection in laelapid (Mesostigmata: Laelapidae) mites collected from small rodents in Lithuania. J Vector Ecol 2022; 47:195-201. [PMID: 36314674 DOI: 10.52707/1081-1710-47.2.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The genus Bartonella contains facultative Gram-negative intracellular bacteria from the family Bartonellaceae that can cause diseases in humans and animals. Various Bartonella species have been detected in rodents' ectoparasites, such as fleas, ticks, mites, and lice. However, the role of laelapid mites (Mesostigmata: Laelapidae) as carriers of Bartonella spp. needs to be confirmed. We aimed to investigate the presence of Bartonella spp. in laelapid mites collected from small rodents in Lithuania using real-time PCR targeting the transfer-messenger RNA/tmRNA (ssrA) gene and to characterize Bartonella strains using nested PCR and sequence analysis of the 16S-23S rRNA intergenic transcribed spacer region (ITS). A total of 271 laelapid mites of five species (Laelaps agilis, Haemogamasus nidi, Eulaelaps stabularis, Myonyssus gigas, and Hyperlaelaps microti) were collected from five rodent species (Apodemus flavicollis, Apodemus agrarius, Clethrionomys glareolus, Micromys minutus, and Microtus oeconomus) during 2015-2016. Bartonella DNA was detected in three mite species L. agilis, M. gigas, and Hg. nidi with an overall prevalence of 11.4%. Sequence analysis of the 16S-23S rRNA ITS region revealed the presence of Bartonella taylorii in L. agilis, Hg. nidi, and M. gigas, and Bartonella grahamii in L. agilis. Our results suggest that laelapid mites are involved in the maintenance of rodent-associated Bartonella spp. in nature. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate the presence of Bartonella spp. DNA in laelapid mites from small rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelina Kaminskienė
- Vytautas Magnus University, Donelaičio str. 58, LT- 44248, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | | | - Linas Balčiauskas
- Nature Research Centre, Akademijos str. 2, LT-08412, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Jana Radzijevskaja
- Vytautas Magnus University, Donelaičio str. 58, LT- 44248, Kaunas, Lithuania,
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29
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Albrecht T, White S, Layton M, Stenglein M, Haley S, Nachappa P. Occurrence of Wheat Curl Mite and Mite-Vectored Viruses of Wheat in Colorado and Insights into the Wheat Virome. Plant Dis 2022; 106:2678-2688. [PMID: 35196102 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-02-21-0352-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The wheat curl mite (WCM) is a vector of three important wheat viruses in the U.S. Great Plains: wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV), triticum mosaic virus (TriMV), and High Plains wheat mosaic virus (HPWMoV). This study was conducted to determine the current profile of WCM and WCM-transmitted viruses of wheat and their occurrence in Colorado, including novel wheat viruses via virome analysis. There was a high rate of virus incidence in symptomatic wheat samples collected in 2019 (95%) and 2020 (77%). Single infection of WSMV was most common in both years, followed by coinfection with WSMV + TriMV and WSMV + HPWMoV. Both type 1 and type 2 mite genotypes were found in Colorado. There was high genetic diversity of WSMV and HPWMoV isolates, whereas TriMV isolates showed minimal sequence variation. Analysis of WSMV isolates revealed novel virus variants, including one isolate from a variety trial, where severe disease symptoms were observed on wheat varieties carrying Wsm2, a known virus resistance locus. Virome analysis identified two to four sequence variants of all eight RNA segments of HPWMoV, which suggests co-occurrence of multiple genotypes within host populations and presence of a variant of HPWMoV. A possible novel virus in the family Tombusviridae and several mycoviruses were identified. Overall, the data presented here highlight the need to define the effect of novel WCM-transmitted virus variants on disease severity and the role of novel viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa Albrecht
- Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523
| | - Samantha White
- Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523
| | - Marylee Layton
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523
| | - Mark Stenglein
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523
| | - Scott Haley
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523
| | - Punya Nachappa
- Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523
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Fang Y, Sun M, Fang Y, Zuo Z, Liu L, Chu L, Ding L, Hu C, Li F, Han R, Xia X, Zhou S, Sun E. Complete mitochondrial genomes of Thyreophagus entomophagus and Acarus siro (Sarcoptiformes: Astigmatina) provide insight into mitogenome features, evolution, and phylogeny among Acaroidea mites. Exp Appl Acarol 2022; 87:219-233. [PMID: 36255591 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-022-00727-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Mites from the Acaroidea (Sarcoptiformes: Astigmatina) are important pests of various stored products, posing potential threats to preserved foods. In addition, mites can cause allergic diseases. Complete mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) are valuable resources for different research fields, including comparative genomics, molecular evolutionary analysis, and phylogenetic inference. We sequenced and annotated the complete mitogenomes of Thyreophagus entomophagus and Acarus siro. A comparative analysis was made between mitogenomic sequences from 10 species representing nine genera within Acaroidea. The mitogenomes of T. entomophagus and A. siro contained 37 genes, including 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNAs (tRNAs), two ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), and one control region. In Acaroidea species, mitogenomes have highly conserved gene size and order, and codon usage. Among Acaroidea mites, most PCGs were found to be under purifying selection, implying that most PCGs might have evolved slowly. Our findings showed that nad4 evolved most rapidly, whereas cox1 and cox3 evolved most slowly. The evolutionary rates of Acaroidea vary considerably across families. In addition, selection analyses were also performed in 23 astigmatid mite species, and the evolutionary rate of the same genes in different superfamilies exhibited large differences. Phylogenetic results are mostly consistent with those identified by previous phylogenetic studies on astigmatid mites. The monophyly of Acaroidea was rejected, and the Suidasiidae and Lardoglyphidae appeared to deviate from the Acaroidea branch. Our research proposed a review of the current Acaroidea classification system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Fang
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, China
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Mingzhong Sun
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Ying Fang
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Zetao Zuo
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Luyao Liu
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Lingmiao Chu
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Lan Ding
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Caixiao Hu
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Feiyan Li
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Renrui Han
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Xingquan Xia
- College of Life Science, The Provincial Key Lab of the Conservation and Exploitation Research of Biological Resources in Anhui, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China.
| | - Shulin Zhou
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.
| | - Entao Sun
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, China.
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Fang Y, Sun M, Fang Y, Zuo Z, Liu L, Chu L, Ding L, Hu C, Li F, Han R, Xia X, Zhou S, Sun E. Complete mitochondrial genomes of Thyreophagus entomophagus and Acarus siro (Sarcoptiformes: Astigmatina) provide insight into mitogenome features, evolution, and phylogeny among Acaroidea mites. Exp Appl Acarol 2022; 88:57-74. [PMID: 36255591 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-022-00745-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Mites from the Acaroidea (Sarcoptiformes: Astigmatina) are important pests of various stored products, posing potential threats to preserved foods. In addition, mites can cause allergic diseases. Complete mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) are valuable resources for different research fields, including comparative genomics, molecular evolutionary analysis, and phylogenetic inference. We sequenced and annotated the complete mitogenomes of Thyreophagus entomophagus and Acarus siro. A comparative analysis was made between mitogenomic sequences from 10 species representing nine genera within Acaroidea. The mitogenomes of T. entomophagus and A. siro contained 37 genes, including 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNAs (tRNAs), two ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), and one control region. In Acaroidea species, mitogenomes have highly conserved gene size and order, and codon usage. Among Acaroidea mites, most PCGs were found to be under purifying selection, implying that most PCGs might have evolved slowly. Our findings showed that nad4 evolved most rapidly, whereas cox1 and cox3 evolved most slowly. The evolutionary rates of Acaroidea vary considerably across families. In addition, selection analyses were also performed in 23 astigmatid mite species, and the evolutionary rate of the same genes in different superfamilies exhibited large differences. Phylogenetic results are mostly consistent with those identified by previous phylogenetic studies on astigmatid mites. The monophyly of Acaroidea was rejected, and the Suidasiidae and Lardoglyphidae appeared to deviate from the Acaroidea branch. Our research proposed a review of the current Acaroidea classification system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Fang
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, China
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Mingzhong Sun
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Ying Fang
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Zetao Zuo
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Luyao Liu
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Lingmiao Chu
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Lan Ding
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Caixiao Hu
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Feiyan Li
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Renrui Han
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Xingquan Xia
- College of Life Science, The Provincial Key Lab of the Conservation and Exploitation Research of Biological Resources in Anhui, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China.
| | - Shulin Zhou
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.
| | - Entao Sun
- Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, China.
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Tixier MS, Tabary L, Douin M. Drivers for mutation in amino acid sequences of two mitochondrial proteins (Cytb and COI) in Phytoseiidae mites (Acari: Mesostigmata). Exp Appl Acarol 2022; 88:1-40. [PMID: 36287353 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-022-00741-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in amino acid sequences can affect protein function. Such aspects have been poorly studied for arthropods. As recent studies have shown mutations in cytochrome b (Cytb) associated with geographic locations in several Phytoseiidae species, the present study aims at investigating (i) the mutation pattern in additional species for the Cytb fragment, (ii) the mutation pattern for another mitochondrial amino acid sequence, cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI), and (iii) factors affecting the mutations observed (taxonomy, plant support, climatic variables, wild vs. commercialised species). Mutations in amino acid sequences were assessed in seven Phytoseiidae species, with populations collected in contrasted environments. The DNA sequences were mainly obtained from published studies and some were newly obtained. Mutations were observed within and between the populations considered for both fragments, with higher mutation rates in Cytb than in COI sequences, confirming the robustness of this former fragment. Plant support and taxonomic position were not related to mutation patterns. A lower number of mutations was observed in commercialised populations than in wild ones. As preliminary tendencies, mutations in Cytb and COI sequences seem associated to temperature and moisture. Such a preliminary approach, attempting to relate mutation to functional adaptations, clearly opens new research tracks for better assessment of the drivers of mite adaptation, in a context of climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Stéphane Tixier
- CBGP, Institut Agro Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, University Montpellier, 755 Avenue du Campus Agropolis, CS 30016, 34988, Montferrier-sur-Lez cedex, France.
| | - Lou Tabary
- CBGP, Institut Agro Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, University Montpellier, 755 Avenue du Campus Agropolis, CS 30016, 34988, Montferrier-sur-Lez cedex, France
| | - Martial Douin
- CBGP, Institut Agro Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, University Montpellier, 755 Avenue du Campus Agropolis, CS 30016, 34988, Montferrier-sur-Lez cedex, France
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Chetverikov PE, Bertone MA. First rhyncaphytoptine mite (Eriophyoidea, Diptilomiopidae) parasitizing American hazelnut (Corylus americana): molecular identification, confocal microscopy, and phylogenetic position. Exp Appl Acarol 2022; 88:75-95. [PMID: 36318416 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-022-00740-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The plant genus Corylus is an economically important crop, valued especially for its nuts. Numerous pathogens and harmful phytophagous arthropods are known to damage hazelnuts. We report on a new eriophyoid mite, Rhyncaphytoptus corylivagrans n. sp., and the first record of Coptophylla lamimani both collected from leaves of American hazelnut (Corylus americana) in North Carolina, USA. Including our new data, the complex of eriophyoids from Corylus comprises 15 species from three families: Phytoptidae (2 spp.), Eriophyidae (11 spp.), and Diptilomiopidae (2 spp.). We obtained sequences of three genes (Cox1, D1-D5 28S, and ITS1-5.8S-ITS2), applied BLAST and tree-based approaches for identification of R. corylivagrans n. sp., and performed the first molecular phylogenetic analysis focused on Rhyncaphytoptinae. Among the three genes, Cox1 showed better power when used for BLAST searches. Combined molecular phylogenetic analyses inferred R. corylivagrans n. sp. as sister to R. betulae, determined several moderately supported host-specific lineages of rhyncaphytoptines, and indicated a close relationship of the new species with members of the genus Rhinotergum. In two Rhinotergum spp. from Rosaceae, confocal microscopy revealed a new structure, the needle-like anterior process of the prodorsal shield, which is absent in R. corylivagrans n. sp. Additionally, the elements of the anal secretory apparatus presumably associated with silk-production and hypothesized as a synapomorphy of Eriophyoidea, were detected in the new species, providing the first documented report of this structure in Diptilomiopidae. Our study contributes to knowledge on the biodiversity of phytoparasites associated with hazelnuts and calls for future comparative phylogenetics of Diptilomiopidae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp E Chetverikov
- Saint-Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russia.
- Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya nab. 1, 199034,, St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Matthew A Bertone
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7613, 27695, Raleigh, NC, USA.
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Yang H, Yang Z, Dong W. Morphological Identification and Phylogenetic Analysis of Laelapin Mite Species (Acari: Mesostigmata: Laelapidae) from China. Korean J Parasitol 2022; 60:273-279. [PMID: 36041489 PMCID: PMC9441453 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2022.60.4.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Laelapinae mites are involved in transmission of microbial diseases between wildlife and humans, with an impact on public health. In this study, 5 mite members in the subfamily Laelapinae (laelapin mites; LM) were morphologically identified by light microscopy, and the phylogenetic relationship of LM was analyzed in combination with the sequence information of part of the LM cytochrome oxidase subunit I (cox1) gene. The morphological identification revealed that 5 mites belonged to the genera Laelaps and Haemolaelaps, respectively. Sequence analysis showed that the ratio of non-synonymous mutation rate to synonymous mutation rate of LM was less than 1, indicating that the LM cox1 gene had undergone purifying selection. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the Laelapinae is a monophyletic group. The genera Haemolaelaps and Hyperlaelaps did not separated into distinct clades but clustered together with species of the genus Laelaps. Our morphological and molecular analyses to describe the phylogenetic relationships among different genera and species of Laelapinae provide a reference for the improvement and revision of the LM taxonomy system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Yang
- Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China
| | - Zhihua Yang
- School of Public Health, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China
| | - Wenge Dong
- Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China
- Corresponding author ()
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Song YF, Yu LC, Yang MF, Ye S, Yan B, Li LT, Wu C, Liu JF. A Long-Read Genome Assembly of a Native Mite in China Pyemotes zhonghuajia Yu, Zhang & He (Prostigmata: Pyemotidae) Reveals Gene Expansion in Toxin-Related Gene Families. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14080571. [PMID: 36006233 PMCID: PMC9415403 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14080571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyemotes zhonghuajia Yu, Zhang & He (Prostigmata: Pyemotidae), discovered in China, has been demonstrated as a high-efficient natural enemy in controlling many agricultural and forestry pests. This mite injects toxins into the host (eggs, larvae, pupae, and adults), resulting in its paralyzation and then gets nourishment for reproductive development. These toxins have been approved to be mammal-safe, which have the potential to be used as biocontrol pesticides. Toxin proteins have been identified from many insects, especially those from the orders Scorpions and Araneae, some of which are now widely used as efficient biocontrol pesticides. However, toxin proteins in mites are not yet understood. In this study, we assembled the genome of P. zhonghuajia using PacBio technology and then identified toxin-related genes that are likely to be responsible for the paralytic process of P. zhonghuajia. The genome assembly has a size of 71.943 Mb, including 20 contigs with a N50 length of 21.248 Mb and a BUSCO completeness ratio of 90.6% (n = 1367). These contigs were subsequently assigned to three chromosomes. There were 11,183 protein coding genes annotated, which were assessed with 91.2% BUSCO completeness (n = 1066). Neurotoxin and dermonecrotic toxin gene families were significantly expanded within the genus of Pyemotes and they also formed several gene clusters on the chromosomes. Most of the genes from these two families and all of the three agatoxin genes were shown with higher expression in the one-day-old mites compared to the seven-day-pregnant mites, supporting that the one-day-old mites cause paralyzation and even death of the host. The identification of these toxin proteins may provide insights into how to improve the parasitism efficiency of this mite, and the purification of these proteins may be used to develop new biological pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Fei Song
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region, Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Crop Pest Guiyang, Ministry of Agriculture, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Li-Chen Yu
- Changli Institute of Pomology, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Changli 066600, China
| | - Mao-Fa Yang
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region, Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Crop Pest Guiyang, Ministry of Agriculture, Guiyang 550025, China
- College of Tobacco Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Shuai Ye
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region, Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Crop Pest Guiyang, Ministry of Agriculture, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Bin Yan
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region, Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Crop Pest Guiyang, Ministry of Agriculture, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Li-Tao Li
- Changli Institute of Pomology, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Changli 066600, China
| | - Chen Wu
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Jian-Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region, Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Crop Pest Guiyang, Ministry of Agriculture, Guiyang 550025, China
- Correspondence:
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Pfingstl T, Schäffer S, Bardel-Kahr I, Baumann J. A closer look reveals hidden diversity in the intertidal Caribbean Fortuyniidae (Acari, Oribatida). PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268964. [PMID: 35704591 PMCID: PMC9200316 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A molecular genetic and morphometric investigation revealed the supposedly widespread Caribbean and Western Atlantic intertidal oribatid mite species Fortuynia atlantica to comprise at least two different species. Although there are no distinct morphological differences separating these taxa, COI and 18S sequence divergence data, as well as different species delimitation analyses, clearly identify the two species. Fortuynia atlantica is distributed in the northern Caribbean and the Western Atlantic and the new Fortuynia antillea sp. nov. is presently endemic to Barbados. Vicariance is supposed to be responsible for their genetic diversification and stabilizing selection caused by the extreme intertidal environment is suggested to be the reason for the found morphological stasis. The genetic structure of Fortuynia atlantica indicates that Bermudian populations are derived from the northern Caribbean and thus support the theory of dispersal by drifting on the Gulf Stream. Haplotype network data suggest that Bermudian and Bahamian populations were largely shaped by colonization, expansion and extinction events caused by dramatic sea level changes during the Pleistocene. A preliminary phylogenetic analysis based on 18S gene sequences indicates that the globally distributed genus Fortuynia may be a monophyletic group, whereas Caribbean and Western Atlantic members are distinctly separated from the Indo-Pacific and Western Pacific species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Pfingstl
- Institute of Biology, Karl-Franzens University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- * E-mail:
| | - Sylvia Schäffer
- Institute of Biology, Karl-Franzens University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Iris Bardel-Kahr
- Institute of Biology, Karl-Franzens University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Julia Baumann
- Institute of Biology, Karl-Franzens University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Shen GM, Ou SY, Li CZ, Feng KY, Niu JZ, Adang MJ, He L. Transcription factors CncC and Maf connect the molecular network between pesticide resistance and resurgence of pest mites. Insect Sci 2022; 29:801-816. [PMID: 34586709 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Pesticide resistance and resurgence are serious problems often occurring simultaneously in the field. In our long-term study of a fenpropathrin-resistant strain of Tetranychus cinnabaribus, enhancement of detoxification and modified fecundity mechanisms were both observed. Here we investigate the network across these two mechanisms and find a key node between resistance and resurgence. We show that the ecdysone pathway is involved in regulating the fecundity of T. cinnabaribus. The concentration change of ecdysone is consistent with the fecundity curve; the concentration of ecdysone is higher in the fenpropathrin-resistant strain which has stronger fecundity. The enhancement of ecdysone is due to overexpression of two P450 genes (CYP314A1 and CYP315A1) in the ecdysone synthesis pathway. Silencing expression of these CYP genes resulted in lower concentration of ecdysone, reduced expression of vitellogenin, and reduced fecundity of T. cinnabaribus. The expression of CYP315A1 is regulated by transcription factors Cap-n-collar isoform C (CncC) and Musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma protein (Maf), which are involved in regulating other P450 genes functioning in detoxification of fenpropathrin in T. cinnabaribus. A similar regulation is established in citrus pest mite Panonychus citri showing that the CncC pathway regulates expression of PcCYP315A1, which affects mite fecundity. Transcription factors are activated to upregulate detoxification genes facilitating pesticide resistance, while the "one to multiple" regulation mode of transcription factors simultaneously increases expression of metabolic enzyme genes in hormone pathways and alters the physiology of pests. This is an important response of arthropods to pesticides which leads to resistance and population resurgence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Mao Shen
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shi-Yuan Ou
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chuan-Zhen Li
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kai-Yang Feng
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin-Zhi Niu
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Michael J Adang
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Lin He
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Shimano S, Hiruta SF, Shimizu N, Hagino W, Aoki JI, OConnor BM. Do 'cheese factory-specific' mites (Acari: Astigmata) exist in the cheese-ripening cabinet? Exp Appl Acarol 2022; 87:49-65. [PMID: 35817881 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-022-00725-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
To determine whether the mites used in the ripening process of traditional cheeses are genetically unique to cheese factories, we investigated mites from three types of traditional cheeses, that use mites in the ripening process: 'Würchwitzer Milbenkäse' from Germany and 'Mimolette' and 'Artisou' from France. In addition, traditional ripened cheeses were purchased from cheese specialty stores in France (Mimolette) and Japan ('Laguiole' from France) as well as stores in temporary markets in France ('Salers' and 'Cantal vieux') and the mites obtained from those cheeses were analyzed in this study. Partial sequences of the 28S rRNA gene (28S) were determined and used to reconstruct a phylogenetic tree. Tyrolichus casei, the dominant cheese mite species from the ripening cabinets of three traditional cheese producers and two cheese specialty stores in France and Japan, had identical partial 28S sequences. All specimens from Cantal vieux from a store in the temporary market in France had an identical sequence with Acarus siro and Acarus immobilis in the determined region of the 28S sequences. Mite individuals from Salers from a store in the temporary markets in France shared the same haplotype as Acotyledon paradoxa. For the T. casei individuals from five different localities (19 individuals in total), the nuclear loci were obtained using MIG-seq. More than several thousand genomic regions are amplified simultaneously by multiplex PCR, and targeting regions surrounded by inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSRs) in the genome were sequenced using the MiSeq system (Illumina). SNPs extracted from this genome-wide analysis showed that no genetic structure existed in the populations from any region. Among the five samples from the three regions, which were more than 500 km apart and from completely different environments, the mites had no geographic bias, but all mite individuals were genetically nearly identical. Thus, we found no evidence to support the existence of 'cheese factory-specific' T. casei mites, at least in terms of genetic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Shimano
- Science Research Center, Hosei University, 2-17-1 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8160, Japan.
| | - Shimpei F Hiruta
- Center for Molecular Biodiversity Research, National Museum of Nature and Science, 4-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0005, Japan
- The Mt. Fuji Institute for Nature and Biology, Showa University, 4562 Kamiyoshida, Fujiyoshida, Yamanashi, 403-0005, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Shimizu
- Faculty of Bioenvironmental Science, Kyoto University of Advanced Science, 1-1 Nanjo, Sogabe, Kameoka, 621-8555, Japan
| | - Wataru Hagino
- Department of Bioresources Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Okinawa College, 905 Henoko, Nago, Okinawa, 905-2192, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Aoki
- Professor Emeritus, Yokohama National University, 79-7 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya- ku, Yokohama, 240-8501, Japan
| | - Barry M OConnor
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, 3600 Varsity Drive, Ann Arbor, 48108-2228, USA
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Ovando-Garay V, González-Gómez R, Zarza E, Castillo-Vera A, de Coss-Flores ME. Morphological and genetic characterization of the broad mite Polyphagotarsonemus latus Banks (Acari: Tarsonemidae) from two Mexican populations. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266335. [PMID: 35446869 PMCID: PMC9022804 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphagotarsonemus latus Banks is considered a polyphagous pest of diverse agricultural and ornamental crops of global economic significance. Its distribution, host range, variety of symptoms, morphological differences, chaetotaxy and several ontogeny reports have advanced the idea of P. latus as a species complex. Correct pest identification leads to suitable control treatment. Therefore, the objective of this study was the identification of mites collected in two different geographic regions in Mexico (Chiapas and Guanajuato) that had been tentatively designated as Polyphagotarsonemus sp. Biometric differences on the morphology of adults as well the genetic variability were determined by taxonomical and molecular (mitochondrial COI gene) characterization techniques. The identity of the mites from both populations was confirmed as P. latus based on taxonomic characters. Biometric parameter variations were found between both populations (70.58% and 53.84% for females and males, respectively). The average sequenced fragment size was 447 bp (both populations). A homology search against six P. latus sequences available in the GenBank database revealed that sequence KM580507.1 (from India) shows 83.0–86.41% and 99.26–99.52% similarity with the sequences from Guanajuato and Chiapas, respectively. Molecular data indicated a significant divergence between the populations. The genetic distance demonstrates the population from Chiapas has a higher genetic correspondence (0.010) to the sequence from India (KM580507.1) whereas the population from Guanajuato is more distant (0.191). The genetic distance between the populations of this study and other GenBank sequences is even larger. We consider our results strengthen the hypothesis of P. latus consisting of a species-complex. However, it is essential to extend the study to other regions including its country of origin (Sri Lanka), and to include ultrastructural features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Ovando-Garay
- Departamento de Agricultura, Sociedad y Ambiente, Ecología de Artrópodos y Manejo de Plagas, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Tapachula, Chiapas, México
| | - Rebeca González-Gómez
- Departamento de Agricultura, Sociedad y Ambiente, Ecología de Artrópodos y Manejo de Plagas, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Tapachula, Chiapas, México
- Investigadoras e Investigadores por México, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Ciudad de México, México
- * E-mail:
| | - Eugenia Zarza
- Investigadoras e Investigadores por México, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Ciudad de México, México
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Sustentabilidad. Biotecnología Ambiental. El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Tapachula, Chiapas, México
| | - Alfredo Castillo-Vera
- Departamento de Agricultura, Sociedad y Ambiente, Ecología de Artrópodos y Manejo de Plagas, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Tapachula, Chiapas, México
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Paspati A, Urbaneja A, González-Cabrera J. Transcriptomic profile of the predatory mite Amblyseius swirskii (Acari: Phytoseiidae) on different host plants. Exp Appl Acarol 2022; 86:479-498. [PMID: 35534782 PMCID: PMC9110503 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-022-00715-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot (Acari: Phytoseiidae) is a predatory mite, effective at controlling whiteflies and thrips in protected crops. However, on tomato its efficacy as a biocontrol agent is hindered, most probably by the plant trichomes and their exudates. Our aim was to characterize the response of A. swirskii to the tomato trichome exudates and identify three major detoxification gene sets in this species: cytochromes P450 (CYPs), glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) and carboxyl/cholinesterases (CCEs). Mites were exposed separately to tomato and pepper, a favourable host plant for A. swirskii, after which their transcriptional responses were analysed and compared. The de novo transcriptome assembly resulted in 71,336 unigenes with 66.1% of them annotated. Thirty-nine A. swirskii genes were differentially expressed after transfer on tomato leaves when compared to pepper leaves; some of the expressed genes were associated with the metabolism of tomato exudates. Our results illustrate that the detoxification gene sets CYPs, GSTs and CCEs are abundant in A. swirskii, but do not play a significant role when in contact with the tomato exudates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeliki Paspati
- Centro de Protección Vegetal y Biotecnología, Unidad Mixta Gestión Biotecnológica de Plagas UV-IVIA, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), Carretera Moncada-Náquera km 4,5, Moncada, 46113, Valencia, Spain
- HAO-DEMETER, Institute of Olive, Subtropical Crops and Viticulture, IOSV, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Alberto Urbaneja
- Centro de Protección Vegetal y Biotecnología, Unidad Mixta Gestión Biotecnológica de Plagas UV-IVIA, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), Carretera Moncada-Náquera km 4,5, Moncada, 46113, Valencia, Spain
| | - Joel González-Cabrera
- Department of Genetics, Institute BIOTECMED, Unidad Mixta Gestión Biotecnológica de Plagas UV-IVIA, Universitat de València, Dr Moliner 50, Burjassot, 46100, Valencia, Spain.
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Bizzarri L, Baer CS, García-Robledo C. DNA Barcoding Reveals Generalization and Host Overlap in Hummingbird Flower Mites: Implications for the Mating Rendezvous Hypothesis. Am Nat 2022; 199:576-583. [PMID: 35324380 DOI: 10.1086/718474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
AbstractHummingbird flower mites are assumed to monopolize single host plant species owing to sexual selection for unique mating rendezvous sites. We tested the main assumption of the mating rendezvous hypothesis-extreme host specialization-by reconstructing interactions among tropical hummingbird flower mites and their host plants using DNA barcoding and taxonomic identifications. We collected 10,654 mites from 489 flowers. We extracted DNA from 1,928 mite specimens and amplified the cytochrome c oxidase I (CO1) DNA barcode. We analyzed the network structure to assess the degree of generalization or specialization of mites to their host plants. We recorded 18 species of hummingbird flower mites from three genera (Proctolaelaps, Rhinoseius, and Tropicoseius) interacting with 14 species of plants. We found that generalist mites are common, and congeneric mite species often share host plants. Our results challenge the assumption of strict specialization that supports this system as an example of mating rendezvous evolution.
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Peláez ML, Horreo JL, García-Jiménez R, Valdecasas AG. An evaluation of errors in the mitochondrial COI sequences of Hydrachnidia (Acari, Parasitengona) in public databases. Exp Appl Acarol 2022; 86:371-384. [PMID: 35212872 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-022-00703-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Public molecular databases are fundamental tools for modern taxonomic studies whose usefulness rely on the soundness of the data within them. Here, we study potential errors that can arise along the data pipeline from sampling, specimen identification and molecular processing (digestion, amplification and sequencing) to the submission of sequences to these databases by using the DNA sequences of Hydrachnidia (Acari, Parasitengona) as a case study. Our results indicate that molecular information is available for only about 3% of the Hydrachnidia species known to date; yet, within this small percentage, errors are present in almost 5% of the species analyzed (0.5% of the sequences and almost 11% of the genera). This study underscores the scarcity of genetic data available for Hydrachnidia, but also that the proportion of errors in DNA sequences is relatively small. Even so, it highlights the danger associated with using DNA sequences from public databases, particularly for species identification, and reinforces the need for greater quality control measures and/or protocols to avoid an intensification of errors in the (post) genomics era. Finally, our study emphasizes that potential errors may also reveal cryptic diversity within a species.
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Affiliation(s)
- María L Peláez
- Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, C/José Gutiérrez Abascal, 2, 28006, Madrid, Spain.
| | - José L Horreo
- UMIB Research Unit of Biodiversity (UO, CSIC, PA), Oviedo University - Campus Mieres, C/Gonzalo Gutiérrez Quirós s/n, 33600, Mieres, Spain
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Complutense University of Madrid, C/Jose Antonio Novais 12, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Antonio G Valdecasas
- Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, C/José Gutiérrez Abascal, 2, 28006, Madrid, Spain
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Xu X, Wang C, Liu Q, Huang Y, Sun W, Pan B. Two ferritins from Dermanyssus gallinae: characterization and in vivo assessment as protective antigens. Pest Manag Sci 2022; 78:561-571. [PMID: 34595835 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae is recognized worldwide as the most important bloodsucking ectoparasite in layer and breeder flocks. In bloodsucking ectoparasites, ferritins (FERs), the iron-storage proteins, play a pivotal role in dealing with the challenge of large amounts of released iron during the digestion of blood meal. However, no information is available concerning FERs of D. gallinae. The aim of the present study was to investigate the characteristics, functions and the vaccine efficacy of FERs in D. gallinae. RESULTS Two heavy-chain FERs of D. gallinae were identified and characterized. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that Dg-FER1 may be a secretory FER and Dg-FER2 an intracellular one. RNAi results demonstrated that Dg-fers play key roles in mite survival, successful reproduction and blood digestion. Immunization with rDg-FER1 or rDg-FER2 successfully induced chickens to produce high levels of antigen-specific IgY, resulting in a significant increase in mite mortality (by 58.67% on Day 5) and decreases in oviposition (by 42.15%) and fecundity (by 68.97%) in the rDg-FER1 group, and a 13.73% increase in mite mortality and a 20.89% decrease in fecundity in the rDg-FER1 group. The overall immunization efficacy of rDg-FER1 was 93.51%. CONCLUSION Two Dg-FERs are crucial to the survival, reproduction and blood digestion of D. gallinae. This study has provided preliminary evidence demonstrating the potential of rDg-FER1 as a vaccine antigen for D. gallinae. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Xu
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanwen Wang
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Weiwei Sun
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Baoliang Pan
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Marciniak-Musial N, Hromada M, Sikora B. Taxonomic Diversity of the Quill Mites of the Family Syringophilidae (Acariformes: Prostigmata) Associated With Old World Parrots (Psittaciformes: Psittaculidae). J Med Entomol 2022; 59:213-232. [PMID: 34543429 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjab144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The quill mite fauna of the family Syringophilidae Lavoipierre, 1953 (Acariformes: Prostigmata) associated with parrots (Aves: Psittaciformes) are reviewed. Seven new species are described: Pipicobia cyclopsitta Marciniak-Musial, Hromada & Sikora sp. nov. from the Double-Eyed Fig-Parrot Cyclopsitta diophthalma in Papua New Guinea; P. fuscata Marciniak-Musial, Hromada & Sikora sp. nov. from the Dusky Lory Pseudeos fuscata in Papua New Guinea; P. tahitiana Marciniak-Musial, Hromada & Sikora sp. nov. from the Blue Lorikeet Vini peruviana in Tahiti (French Polynesia); P. malherbi Marciniak-Musial, Hromada & Sikora sp. nov. from the Malherbe's Parakeet Cyanoramphus malherbi in New Zealand; Lawrencipicobia eclectus Marciniak-Musial, Hromada & Sikora sp. nov. from the Eclectus Parrot Eclectus roratus in Papua New Guinea; Neoaulobia pseudeos Marciniak-Musial, Hromada & Sikora sp. nov. from the Dusky Lory Pseudeos fuscata in Papua New Guinea; and N. Skorackii Marciniak-Musial, Hromada & Sikora sp. nov. from the Eastern Rosella Platycercus eximius in Australia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Marciniak-Musial
- Department of Animal Morphology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Poznan, Poland
| | - Martin Hromada
- Laboratory and Museum of Evolutionary Ecology, Department of Ecology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Presov, Prešov, Slovakia
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Zielona Góra, Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Bozena Sikora
- Department of Animal Morphology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Poznan, Poland
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Ghazy NA, Suzuki T. Environmental RNAi-based reverse genetics in the predatory mite Neoseiulus californicus: Towards improved methods of biological control. Pestic Biochem Physiol 2022; 180:104993. [PMID: 34955179 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2021.104993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The predatory mite Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) (Mesostigmata: Phytoseiidae) has been commercialized by manufacturers in the pest control industry and is used worldwide as a natural enemy of spider mites. However, because its genome has not been sequenced, reverse genetics techniques that could be used to analyze gene function have not been established. Here we partially sequenced the gene that encodes the vacuolar-type H+-ATPase (V-ATPase), an ATP-dependent proton pump, in N. californicus (NcVATPase) and then conducted a functional analysis using environmental RNA interference (eRNAi) by orally administering sequence-specific exogenous dsRNA (dsRNA-NcVATPase) to larvae and adult females. The larvae treated with dsRNA-NcVATPase took longer to develop and had lower survivorship, fecundity, and offspring viability at the adult stage than those treated with a control dsRNA. Adult females treated with dsRNA-NcVATPase showed significant reductions in survival, fecundity, and prey consumption, and their endogenous gene expression level of NcVATPase was reduced by approximately 65% compared with the control. Our findings suggest that the NcVATPase gene, silencing of which inhibits feeding and reproduction, is an excellent biomarker for investigating the eRNAi mechanism in N. californicus. The highly efficient experimental system of eRNAi established in this study paves the way for applied research using eRNAi to enhance the predatory ability of N. californicus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noureldin Abuelfadl Ghazy
- Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan; Agriculture Zoology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, 35516 El-Mansoura, Egypt; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Suzuki
- Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan; Institute of Global Innovation Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8538, Japan.
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Minorsky PV. On the Inside. Plant Physiol 2021; 187:2338-2340. [PMID: 35235676 PMCID: PMC8644887 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter V Minorsky
- School of Health and Natural Sciences, Mercy College, Dobbs Ferry, NY, USA
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Wei P, Wang C, Li C, Chen M, Sun J, Van Leeuwen T, He L. Comparing the efficiency of RNAi after feeding and injection of dsRNA in spider mites. Pestic Biochem Physiol 2021; 179:104966. [PMID: 34802516 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2021.104966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Pesticide resistance in spider mites drives the development of acaricides with novel mode of action, which could benefit from RNAi as a screening tool in search of new molecular targets. RNAi via oral delivery of dsRNA has been frequently reported in spider mites, but injection of dsRNA is rarely reported. We compare here the efficiency of oral delivery versus injection of dsRNA in female adult mites. When comparing silencing efficiency, oral delivery of dsRNAs silenced 40.6 ± 8.9% of CPR, 63.8 ± 6.9% of CHMP2A, and 37.7 ± 5.7% of CHMP3 genes. Similar silencing efficiencies were found for injection (48.6 ± 3.7% of CPR, 70.2 ± 4.1% of CHMP2A, 59.8 ± 2.2% of CHMP3), but with much lower quantities of dsRNAs. Oral delivery of dsRNA failed to silence the expression of the CHMP4B gene, but this could be accomplished by injection of dsRNA (23.1 ± 1.0%). When scoring the phenotypic effects of silencing, both oral delivery and injection of CHMP2A- and CHMP3-dsRNA influenced the locomotion speed of mites significantly. For CPR, silencing could only be accomplished by dsRNA injection, not by feeding. CPR silencing significantly impacted the toxicity of a typical acaricide, pyridaben, as the susceptibility of mites raised 2.75-fold. Last, injection of Eya-dsRNA in adults produced transgenerational phenotypic effects on 3.59% of offspring, as quantified by an observed deviation in eye development, while oral delivery of Eya-dsRNA did not. In conclusion, injection of dsRNA is superior to oral delivery in silencing the expression of the selected genes in this study and could be considered the method of choice to study gene function in reverse genetic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wei
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chunji Li
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingyu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Thomas Van Leeuwen
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lin He
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
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Yu SJ, Cong L, Pan Q, Ding LL, Lei S, Cheng LY, Fang YH, Wei ZT, Liu HQ, Ran C. Whole genome sequencing and bulked segregant analysis suggest a new mechanism of amitraz resistance in the citrus red mite, Panonychus citri (Acari: Tetranychidae). Pest Manag Sci 2021; 77:5032-5048. [PMID: 34223705 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amitraz is a broad-spectrum insecticide/acaricide for the control of aphids, psyllids, ticks and mites. Current evidence suggests that ticks and phytophagous mites have developed strong resistance to amitraz. Previous studies have shown that multiple mechanisms are associated with amitraz resistance in ticks, but very few reports have involved Panonychus citri. We therefore used whole genome sequencing and bulked segregant analysis (BSA) to identify the mechanism underlying P. citri's resistance to amitraz. RESULTS High-quality assembly of the whole P. citri genome was completed, resulting in a genome of approximately 83.97 Mb and a contig N50 of approximately 1.81 Mb. Gene structure predictions revealed 11 577 genes, of which 10 940 genes were annotated. Trait-associated regions in the genome were mapped with bulked segregant analysis and 38 candidate SNPs were obtained, of which T752C had the strongest correlation with the resistant trait, located at the 5' untranslated region (UTR) of the β-2R adrenergic-like octopamine receptor gene. The mutation resulted in the formation of a short hairpin loop structure in mRNA and gene expression was down-regulated by more than 50% in the amitraz-resistant strain. Validation of the T752C mutation in field populations of P. citri found that the correlation between the resistance ratio and the base mutation was 94.40%. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that this 5' UTR mutation of the β-2R octopamine receptor gene, confers amitraz resistance in P. citri. This discovery provides a new explanation for the mechanism of pest resistance: base mutations in the 5' untranslated region of target gene may regulate the susceptibility of pests to pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Jiang Yu
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University/Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center for Citrus, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Cong
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University/Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center for Citrus, Chongqing, China
| | - Qi Pan
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University/Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center for Citrus, Chongqing, China
| | - Li-Li Ding
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University/Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center for Citrus, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuang Lei
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University/Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center for Citrus, Chongqing, China
| | - Lu-Yan Cheng
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University/Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center for Citrus, Chongqing, China
| | - Yun-Hong Fang
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University/Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center for Citrus, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhi-Tang Wei
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University/Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center for Citrus, Chongqing, China
| | - Hao-Qiang Liu
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University/Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center for Citrus, Chongqing, China
| | - Chun Ran
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University/Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center for Citrus, Chongqing, China
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Brandt A, Tran Van P, Bluhm C, Anselmetti Y, Dumas Z, Figuet E, François CM, Galtier N, Heimburger B, Jaron KS, Labédan M, Maraun M, Parker DJ, Robinson-Rechavi M, Schaefer I, Simion P, Scheu S, Schwander T, Bast J. Haplotype divergence supports long-term asexuality in the oribatid mite Oppiella nova. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2101485118. [PMID: 34535550 PMCID: PMC8463897 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2101485118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Sex strongly impacts genome evolution via recombination and segregation. In the absence of these processes, haplotypes within lineages of diploid organisms are predicted to accumulate mutations independently of each other and diverge over time. This so-called "Meselson effect" is regarded as a strong indicator of the long-term evolution under obligate asexuality. Here, we present genomic and transcriptomic data of three populations of the asexual oribatid mite species Oppiella nova and its sexual relative Oppiella subpectinata We document strikingly different patterns of haplotype divergence between the two species, strongly supporting Meselson effect-like evolution and long-term asexuality in O. nova: I) variation within individuals exceeds variation between populations in O. nova but vice versa in O. subpectinata; II) two O. nova sublineages feature a high proportion of lineage-specific heterozygous single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), indicating that haplotypes continued to diverge after lineage separation; III) the deepest split in gene trees generally separates the two haplotypes in O. nova, but populations in O. subpectinata; and IV) the topologies of the two haplotype trees match each other. Our findings provide positive evidence for the absence of canonical sex over evolutionary time in O. nova and suggest that asexual oribatid mites can escape the dead-end fate usually associated with asexual lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Brandt
- Johann-Friedrich-Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Goettingen, 37073 Goettingen, Germany;
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Tran Van
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christian Bluhm
- Johann-Friedrich-Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Goettingen, 37073 Goettingen, Germany
- Abteilung Boden und Umwelt, Forstliche Versuchs- und Forschungsanstalt Baden-Wuerttemberg, 79100 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Yoann Anselmetti
- Group Phylogeny and Molecular Evolution, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
- CoBIUS Lab, Department of Computer Science, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K2R1, Canada
| | - Zoé Dumas
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Emeric Figuet
- Group Phylogeny and Molecular Evolution, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Clémentine M François
- Group Phylogeny and Molecular Evolution, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés, École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Nicolas Galtier
- Group Phylogeny and Molecular Evolution, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Bastian Heimburger
- Johann-Friedrich-Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Goettingen, 37073 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Kamil S Jaron
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Group Evolutionary Bioinformatics, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, United Kingdom
| | - Marjorie Labédan
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mark Maraun
- Johann-Friedrich-Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Goettingen, 37073 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Darren J Parker
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Group Evolutionary Bioinformatics, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marc Robinson-Rechavi
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Group Evolutionary Bioinformatics, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ina Schaefer
- Johann-Friedrich-Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Goettingen, 37073 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Paul Simion
- Group Phylogeny and Molecular Evolution, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Genetics and Ecology, Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology, Université de Namur, 5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Stefan Scheu
- Johann-Friedrich-Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Goettingen, 37073 Goettingen, Germany
- Section Biodiversity and Ecology, Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use, 37073 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Tanja Schwander
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jens Bast
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute for Zoology, University of Cologne, 50674 Cologne, Germany
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50
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Druciarek T, Lewandowski M, Tzanetakis I. Molecular phylogeny of Phyllocoptes associated with roses discloses the presence of a new species. Infect Genet Evol 2021; 95:105051. [PMID: 34450295 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2021.105051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
There are few plant maladies as devastating as rose rosette, a disease caused by an eriophyoid -transmitted virus. Rosette annihilates roses across North America, and to date, there is a single verified vector of the virus, Phyllocoptes fructiphilus Keifer. In direct contrast to the importance of rose for the ornamental industry there is limited knowledge on the eriophyoids that inhabit roses in North America and even less information on their vectoring capacities. This study dissects the genetic diversity of the eriophyoid fauna in rosette-affected hotspots and provides evidence of the existence of an undescribed species named Phyllocoptes arcani sp. nov., that could potentially be a second vector of the rosette virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobiasz Druciarek
- Entomology and Plant Pathology, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas System Fayetteville, AR 72701, United States.
| | - Mariusz Lewandowski
- Section of Applied Entomology, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ioannis Tzanetakis
- Entomology and Plant Pathology, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas System Fayetteville, AR 72701, United States.
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