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Umu SU, Langseth H, Zuber V, Helland Å, Lyle R, Rounge TB. Serum RNAs can predict lung cancer up to 10 years prior to diagnosis. eLife 2022; 11:e71035. [PMID: 35147498 PMCID: PMC8884722 DOI: 10.7554/elife.71035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) prognosis is closely linked to the stage of disease when diagnosed. We investigated the biomarker potential of serum RNAs for the early detection of LC in smokers at different prediagnostic time intervals and histological subtypes. In total, 1061 samples from 925 individuals were analyzed. RNA sequencing with an average of 18 million reads per sample was performed. We generated machine learning models using normalized serum RNA levels and found that smokers later diagnosed with LC in 10 years can be robustly separated from healthy controls regardless of histology with an average area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.76 (95% CI, 0.68-0.83). Furthermore, the strongest models that took both time to diagnosis and histology into account successfully predicted non-small cell LC (NSCLC) between 6 and 8 years, with an AUC of 0.82 (95% CI, 0.76-0.88), and SCLC between 2 and 5 years, with an AUC of 0.89 (95% CI, 0.77-1.0), before diagnosis. The most important separators were microRNAs, miscellaneous RNAs, isomiRs, and tRNA-derived fragments. We have shown that LC can be detected years before diagnosis and manifestation of disease symptoms independently of histological subtype. However, the highest AUCs were achieved for specific subtypes and time intervals before diagnosis. The collection of models may therefore also predict the severity of cancer development and its histology. Our study demonstrates that serum RNAs can be promising prediagnostic biomarkers in an LC screening setting, from early detection to risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinan U Umu
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of NorwayOsloNorway
| | - Hilde Langseth
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of NorwayOsloNorway
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Verena Zuber
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Åslaug Helland
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University HospitalOsloNorway
- Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University HospitalOsloNorway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Robert Lyle
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of OsloOsloNorway
- Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public HealthOsloNorway
| | - Trine B Rounge
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of NorwayOsloNorway
- Department of Informatics, University of OsloOsloNorway
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Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNA) is a novel class of single-stranded RNAs with a closed loop structure. The majority of circRNAs are formed by a back-splicing process in pre-mRNA splicing. Their expression is dynamically regulated and shows spatiotemporal patterns among cell types, tissues and developmental stages. CircRNAs have important biological functions in many physiological processes, and their aberrant expression is implicated in many human diseases. Due to their high stability, circRNAs are becoming promising biomarkers in many human diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, autoimmune diseases and human cancers. In this review, we focus on the translational potential of using human blood circRNAs as liquid biopsy biomarkers for human diseases. We highlight their abundant expression, essential biological functions and significant correlations to human diseases in various components of peripheral blood, including whole blood, blood cells and extracellular vesicles. In addition, we summarize the current knowledge of blood circRNA biomarkers for disease diagnosis or prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxia Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Sciences and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Tong Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Reno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557, USA.
| | - Wanjun Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Sciences and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
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Jiang Y, Zhang C, Shen W, Li Y, Wang Y, Han J, Liu T, Jia L, Gao F, Liu X, Chen M, Yi G, Dai H, He J. Identification of serum prognostic marker miRNAs and construction of microRNA-mRNA networks of esophageal cancer. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0255479. [PMID: 34329340 PMCID: PMC8323927 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer is a common tumor of the digestive system with poor prognosis. This study was to gain a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in esophageal cancer and to identify new prognostic markers. We downloaded the esophageal cancer miRNA expression profile microarray data (GSE113740, GSE112264, GSE122497, GSE113486, and GSE106817) from the GEO database, extracted the esophageal cancer miRNA sequencing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, and then used a bioinformatics approach to select common differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were selected by predicting DEM target genes using the miRWalk database and intersecting with differential genes obtained from TCGA database for esophageal cancer. The STRING database was used to obtain protein-protein interaction (PPI) relationships to construct the DEM-DEG network. Furthermore, we selected core genes and core miRNAs associated with esophageal cancer prognosis by performing survival and univariate/multivariate COX analysis on DEMs and DEGs in the network and performed GSEA analysis on core genes alone, and finally the expression of the markers was verified by qPCR in esophageal cancer cell lines Eca109, SKGT-4 and normal esophageal epithelial cells HEEC. Nine DEMs were obtained, of which three were upregulated and six were downregulated, and 326 DEGs were obtained, of which 105 were upregulated and 221 were downregulated. Survival univariate/multivariate COX analysis revealed that five genes, ZBTB16, AQP4, ADCYAP1R1, PDGFD, and VIPR2, and two microRNAs, miR-99a-5p, and miR-508-5p, were related to esophageal cancer prognosis. GSEA analysis showed that the following genes may be involved in esophageal cancer prognosis: ZBTB16 may through the MTOR signaling pathway, AQP4 through the GNRH signaling pathway, ADCYAP1R1 through the PPAR signaling pathway, VIPR2 through the P53 signaling pathway and PDGFD through the PENTOSE-PHOSPHATE signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Jiang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Chengda Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Hospital of Mian Yang (Sichuan Mental Health Center), Mianyang, China
| | - Wenbin Shen
- Department of Oncology, The Third Hospital of Mianyang (Sichuan Mental Health Center), Mianyang, China
| | - Yiming Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Hospital of Mian Yang (Sichuan Mental Health Center), Mianyang, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianjun Han
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Jia
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaojun Liu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Mi Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Guangming Yi
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongchun Dai
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun He
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
- The Third Hospital of Mianyang (Sichuan Mental Health Center), Mianyang, China
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor-educated platelets (TEPs) may enable blood-based cancer diagnosis. This study aimed to identify diagnostic TEPs genes involved in carcinogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The TEPs differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between healthy samples and early/advanced cancer samples were obtained using bioinformatics. Gene ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were used to identify the pathways and functional annotation of TEPs DEGs. Protein-protein interaction of these TEPs DEGs was analyzed based on the STRING database and visualized by Cytoscape software. The correlation analysis and diagnostic analysis were performed to evaluate the diagnostic value of TEPs mRNAs expression for early/advanced cancers. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was applied to validate the role of DEGs in cancers. RESULTS TEPs mRNAs were mostly involved in protein binding, extracellular matrix, and cellular protein metabolic process. RSL24D1 was negatively correlated to early-stage cancers compared to healthy controls and may be potentially used for early cancer diagnosis. In addition, HPSE, IFI27, LGALS3BP, CRYM, HBD, COL6A3, LAMB2, and IFITM3 showed an upward trend in the expression from early to advanced cancer stages. Moreover, ARL2, FCGR2A, and KLHDC8B were positively associated with advanced, metastatic cancers compared to healthy controls. Among the 12 selected DEGs, the expression of 7 DEGs, including RSL24D1, IFI27, CRYM, HBD, IFITM3, FCGR2A, and KLHDC8B, were verified by the qRT-PCR method. CONCLUSION This study suggests that the 7-gene TEPs liquid-biopsy biomarkers may be used for cancer diagnosis and monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Ge
- The First Affiliated Hospital and Collaborative Innovation Center of HematologyJiangsu Institute of HematologyCyrus Tang Medical InstituteState Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionKey Laboratory of Thrombosis and HemostasisMinistry of HealthNational Clinical Research Center for Hematological DiseasesSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Liuxia Yuan
- The First Affiliated Hospital and Collaborative Innovation Center of HematologyJiangsu Institute of HematologyCyrus Tang Medical InstituteState Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionKey Laboratory of Thrombosis and HemostasisMinistry of HealthNational Clinical Research Center for Hematological DiseasesSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Bin Cheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital and Collaborative Innovation Center of HematologyJiangsu Institute of HematologyCyrus Tang Medical InstituteState Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionKey Laboratory of Thrombosis and HemostasisMinistry of HealthNational Clinical Research Center for Hematological DiseasesSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Kesheng Dai
- The First Affiliated Hospital and Collaborative Innovation Center of HematologyJiangsu Institute of HematologyCyrus Tang Medical InstituteState Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionKey Laboratory of Thrombosis and HemostasisMinistry of HealthNational Clinical Research Center for Hematological DiseasesSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
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Shimada Y, Matsubayashi J, Saito A, Ohira T, Kuroda M, Ikeda N. Small RNA sequencing to differentiate lung squamous cell carcinomas from metastatic lung tumors from head and neck cancers. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248206. [PMID: 33668046 PMCID: PMC7935561 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Distinguishing lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSQCC) from a solitary metastatic lung tumor (MSQCC) from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSQCC) presents a difficult diagnostic challenge even after detailed pathological assessment. Treatment options and estimated survival outcomes after pulmonary resection differ between patients with LSQCC and MSQCC. This study aimed to investigate whether microRNA (miRNA) profiling by RNA sequencing of HNSQCC, MSQCC, and LSQCC was useful for differential diagnosis of MSQCC and LSQCC. RNA sequencing was performed to identify bioinformatically significant miRNAs from a formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) block from a derivation set. MiRNA levels were confirmed by validation sets using FFPE samples and serum extracellular vesicles from patients. Step-wise discriminant analysis and canonical discriminant analysis identified 13 miRNAs by which the different expression patterns of LSQCC, MSQCC, and HNSQCC groups were demonstrated. Six miRNAs (miR-10a/28/141/320b/3120) were assessed in validation sets, and 4 miRNAs (miR-10a/28/141/3120) were significantly upregulated in LSQCCs compared with MSQCCs and HNSQCCs. Serum extracellular vesicles from LSQCC patients demonstrated significantly elevated miR-10a (p = .042), miR-28 (p = .041), and miR-3120 (p = .047) levels compared with those from MSQCC patients. RNA sequencing is useful for differential diagnosis of LSQCC and MSQCC, and the expression level of miR-10a, miR-28, and miR-3120 in serum extracellular vesicles are promising noninvasive tools for this purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihisa Shimada
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Jun Matsubayashi
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Saito
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Ohira
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiko Kuroda
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norihiko Ikeda
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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Tran KD, Gross R, Rahimzadeh N, Chenathukattil S, Hoon DSB, Bustos MA. Assessment of Cell-Free microRNA by NGS Whole-Transcriptome Analysis in Cutaneous Melanoma Patients' Blood. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2265:475-486. [PMID: 33704735 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1205-7_34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) are small RNA molecules (18-22 nucleotides) that regulate the transcriptome at a post-transcriptional level by affecting the expression of specific genes. This regulatory mechanism is critical to maintain cell homeostasis and specific functions. Aberrant expression of miRs have been associated with pathobiological processes including cancer. There are few technologies available that are able to profile whole-genome miR expression using minimal amounts of blood samples and without the need for time-consuming extraction steps. Here, we describe the HTG EdgeSeq miR Whole-Transcriptome Assay (WTA) in serum and plasma samples. To identify specific cell-free miR (cfmiR) patterns we have first focused on the analysis of normal donor samples and have then compared these to patients with cutaneous melanoma. The identification of specific cfmiR for melanoma patients will allow for better patient surveillance during targeted and/or checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy (CII) treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin D Tran
- Department of Genomic Sequencing Center, John Wayne Cancer Institute (JWCI) at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Rebecca Gross
- Department of Translational Molecular Medicine, JWCI at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Negin Rahimzadeh
- Department of Translational Molecular Medicine, JWCI at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Shanthy Chenathukattil
- Department of Translational Molecular Medicine, JWCI at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Dave S B Hoon
- Department of Genomic Sequencing Center, John Wayne Cancer Institute (JWCI) at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, CA, USA
- Department of Translational Molecular Medicine, JWCI at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Matias A Bustos
- Department of Translational Molecular Medicine, JWCI at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, CA, USA.
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Farouk S, Khairy A, Salem AM, Soliman AF, Bader El Din NG. Differential Expression of miR-21, miR-23a, and miR-27a, and Their Diagnostic Significance in Egyptian Colorectal Cancer Patients. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2020; 24:825-834. [PMID: 33290159 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2020.0184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) rates are affected by genetics, ethnicity, and environmental factors; it is considered one of the most aggressive human malignancies with high mortality and morbidity rates worldwide due, in part, to its asymptomatic nature during the early stages of disease. Objective: Owing to the impact of microRNA (miRNA) dysregulation on CRC development and progression, this study was conducted to explore the expression levels of mir-21, -23a, and -27a in the sera and tissues of Egyptian CRC patients and to evaluate their diagnostic efficacy based on circulating levels. Methods: In the test phase, the relative expression levels of the studied miRNAs were evaluated in the sera of 70 participants (35 CRC patients and 35 healthy controls) using quantitative real-time-polymerase chain reaction and to verify their diagnostic value. The exploratory phase was designed to validate the tumor-derived trait by comparing the miRNA levels in the cancerous and adjacent noncancerous tissues. Results: The relative expression levels of the studied miRNAs were significantly upregulated in both serum and tumor tissues of the patients compared to their corresponding controls. In addition, significant positive correlations were found between the relative expression levels of the studied miRNAs in serum samples and their levels in the matched CRC tissues. The serum expression levels of mir-21 and -23a were more predictive of CRC than mir-27a. Conclusion: Circulating mir-21, -23a, and -27a expression levels appear to be valuable diagnostic biomarkers for CRC, especially when combined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Farouk
- Microbial Biotechnology Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Khairy
- Endemic Medicine Department, Kasr Elainy Hospitals, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Salem
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed F Soliman
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Chu YL, Li H, Ng PLA, Kong ST, Zhang H, Lin Y, Tai WCS, Yu ACS, Yim AKY, Tsang HF, Cho WCS, Wong SCC. The potential of circulating exosomal RNA biomarkers in cancer. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2020; 20:665-678. [PMID: 32188269 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2020.1745064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There are great potentials of using exosomal RNAs (exoRNA) as biomarkers in cancers. The isolation of exoRNA requires the use of ultracentrifugation to isolate cell-free RNA followed by detection using real-time PCR, microarray, next-generation sequencing, or Nanostring nCounter system. The use of exoRNA enrichment panels has largely increased the detection sensitivity and specificity when compared to traditional diagnostic tests. Moreover, using exoRNA as biomarkers can assist the early detection of chemo and radioresistance cancer, and in turn opens up the possibility of personalized treatment to patients. Finally, exoRNA can be detected at an early stage of cancer recurrence to improve the survival rate. AREAS COVERED In this review, the authors summarized the detection methods of exoRNA as well as its potential as a biomarker in cancer diagnosis and chemo and radioresistance. EXPERT OPINION The application of exoRNAs in clinical diagnosis is still in its infancy. Further researches on extracellular vesicles isolation, detection protocols, exoRNA classes and subclasses, and the regulatory biological pathways have to be performed before exoRNA can be applied translationally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Lam Chu
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Harriet Li
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Pik Lan Amanda Ng
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Siu Ting Kong
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Hao Zhang
- Institute of Precision Cancer Medicine and Pathology, Jinan University Medical College , Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yusheng Lin
- Department of Immunotherapy and Gastrointestinal Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College , Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - William Chi Shing Tai
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region , Kowloon, China
| | | | | | - Hin Fung Tsang
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | | | - Sze Chuen Cesar Wong
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Kowloon, Hong Kong
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Kashyap D, Kaur H. Cell-free miRNAs as non-invasive biomarkers in breast cancer: Significance in early diagnosis and metastasis prediction. Life Sci 2020; 246:117417. [PMID: 32044304 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the genetic diseases causing a high mortality among women around the world. Despite the availability of advanced diagnostic tools and treatment strategies, the incidence of breast cancer is increasing every year. This is due to the lack of accurate and reliable biomarkers whose deficiency creates difficulty in early breast cancer recognition, subtypes determination, and metastasis prophecy. Although biomarkers such as ER, PR, Her2, Ki-67, and other genetic platforms e.g. MammaPrint®, Oncotype DX®, Prosigna® or EndoPredict® are available for determination of breast cancer diagnosis and prognosis. However, pertaining to heterogeneous nature, lack of sensitivity, and specificity of these markers, it is still incessant to overcome breast cancer burden. Therefore, a novel biomarker is urgently needed for therapeutic diagnosis and improving prognosis. Lately, it has become more evident that cell-free miRNAs might be useful as good non-invasive biomarkers that are associated with different events in carcinogenesis. For example, some known biomarkers such as miR-21, miR-23a, miR-34a are associated with molecular subtyping and different biomolecular aspects i.e. apoptosis, angiogenesis, metastasis, and miR-1, miR-10b, miR-16 are associated with drug response. Cell-free miRNAs present in human body fluids have proven to be potential biomarkers with significant prognostic and predictive values. Numerous studies have found a distinct expression profile of circulating miRNAs in breast tumour versus non-tumour and in early and advanced-stage, thus implicating its clinical relevance. This review article will highlight the importance of different cell-free miRNAs as a biomarker for early breast cancer detection, subtype classification, and metastasis forecast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharambir Kashyap
- Department of Histopathology, Postgraduation Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Harmandeep Kaur
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Ren ZH, Wu K, Yang R, Liu ZQ, Cao W. Differential expression of matrix metalloproteinases and miRNAs in the metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma. BMC Oral Health 2020; 20:24. [PMID: 31996191 PMCID: PMC6988311 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-1013-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our study aimed to reveal the regulatory mechanisms of miRNAs and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). METHODS The mRNA and miRNA expression profiles of six metastatic tumour samples, six nonmetastatic tumour samples, and six normal tissue samples were used for microarray analysis. Moreover, the important genes and miRNAs were validated by published profiles in Oncomine and by qRT-PCR. RESULTS MMP7, MMP13, and MMP10 were upregulated, and MMP12 and MMP9 were downregulated in metastatic tumours compared with nonmetastatic tumours. MMP7 was regulated by miR-4697-5p and miR-7109-5p. MMP7 and MMP13 were upregulated in OSCC samples compared with normal samples in Oncomine. Moreover, qRT-PCR revealed that the expression of miR-7109-5p and miR-34b was decreased in metastatic tumours compared with nonmetastatic tumours. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggested that miR-7109-5p and miR-34b might play important roles in the metastasis of OSCC by regulating MMP7 and MMP13 expression, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Hu Ren
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Kun Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Rong Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Zhe-Qi Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Wei Cao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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Navi BB, Mathias R, Sherman CP, Wolfe J, Kamel H, Tagawa ST, Saxena A, Ocean AJ, Iadecola C, DeAngelis LM, Elkind MSV, Hull H, Jickling GC, Sharp FR, Ander BP, Stamova B. Cancer-Related Ischemic Stroke Has a Distinct Blood mRNA Expression Profile. Stroke 2019; 50:3259-3264. [PMID: 31510897 PMCID: PMC6817410 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.119.026143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background and Purpose- Comorbid cancer is common in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). As blood mRNA profiles can distinguish AIS mechanisms, we hypothesized that cancer-related AIS would have a distinctive gene expression profile. Methods- We evaluated 4 groups of 10 subjects prospectively enrolled at 3 centers from 2009 to 2018. This included the group of interest with active solid tumor cancer and AIS and 3 control groups with active cancer only, AIS only, or vascular risk factors only. Subjects in the AIS-only and cancer-only groups were matched to subjects in the cancer-stroke group by age, sex, and cancer type (if applicable). Subjects in the vascular risk factor group were matched to subjects in the cancer-stroke and stroke-only groups by age, sex, and vascular risk factors. Blood was drawn 72 to 120 hours after stroke. Total RNA was processed using 3' mRNA sequencing. ANOVA and Fisher least significant difference contrast methods were used to estimate differential gene expression between groups. Results- In the cancer-stroke group, 50% of strokes were cryptogenic. All groups had differentially expressed genes that could distinguish among them. Comparing the cancer-stroke group to the stroke-only group and after accounting for cancer-only genes, 438 genes were differentially expressed, including upregulation of multiple genes/pathways implicated in autophagy signaling, immunity/inflammation, and gene regulation, including IL (interleukin)-1, interferon, relaxin, mammalian target of rapamycin signaling, SQSTMI1 (sequestosome-1), and CREB1 (cAMP response element binding protein-1). Conclusions- This study provides evidence for a distinctive molecular signature in blood mRNA expression profiles of patients with cancer-related AIS. Future studies should evaluate whether blood mRNA can predict detection of occult cancer in patients with AIS. Clinical Trial Registration- URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT02604667.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak B Navi
- From the Department of Neurology and Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute (B.B.N, R.M., C.P.S., H.K., C.I., L.M.D.), Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering, New York, NY (B.B.N, J.W., L.M.D.)
| | - Ryna Mathias
- From the Department of Neurology and Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute (B.B.N, R.M., C.P.S., H.K., C.I., L.M.D.), Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Carla P Sherman
- From the Department of Neurology and Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute (B.B.N, R.M., C.P.S., H.K., C.I., L.M.D.), Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Julia Wolfe
- Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering, New York, NY (B.B.N, J.W., L.M.D.)
| | - Hooman Kamel
- From the Department of Neurology and Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute (B.B.N, R.M., C.P.S., H.K., C.I., L.M.D.), Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Scott T Tagawa
- Department of Medicine (S.T.T., A.S., A.J.O.), Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Ashish Saxena
- Department of Medicine (S.T.T., A.S., A.J.O.), Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Allyson J Ocean
- Department of Medicine (S.T.T., A.S., A.J.O.), Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Costantino Iadecola
- From the Department of Neurology and Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute (B.B.N, R.M., C.P.S., H.K., C.I., L.M.D.), Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Lisa M DeAngelis
- From the Department of Neurology and Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute (B.B.N, R.M., C.P.S., H.K., C.I., L.M.D.), Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering, New York, NY (B.B.N, J.W., L.M.D.)
| | - Mitchell S V Elkind
- Departments of Neurology (M.S.V.E.), Columbia University, New York, NY
- Epidemiology (M.S.V.E.), Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Heather Hull
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis (H.H., G.C.J., F.R.S., B.P.A., B.S.)
| | - Glen C Jickling
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis (H.H., G.C.J., F.R.S., B.P.A., B.S.)
| | - Frank R Sharp
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis (H.H., G.C.J., F.R.S., B.P.A., B.S.)
| | - Bradley P Ander
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis (H.H., G.C.J., F.R.S., B.P.A., B.S.)
| | - Boryana Stamova
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis (H.H., G.C.J., F.R.S., B.P.A., B.S.)
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Valbuena GN, Apostolidou S, Roberts R, Barnes J, Alderton W, Harper L, Jacobs I, Menon U, Keun HC. The 14q32 maternally imprinted locus is a major source of longitudinally stable circulating microRNAs as measured by small RNA sequencing. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15787. [PMID: 31673048 PMCID: PMC6823392 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51948-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the normal temporal variation of serum molecules is a critical factor for identifying useful candidate biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of chronic disease. Using small RNA sequencing in a longitudinal study of 66 women with no history of cancer, we determined the distribution and dynamics (via intraclass correlation coefficients, ICCs) of the miRNA profile over 3 time points sampled across 2-5 years in the course of the screening trial, UKCTOCS. We were able to define a subset of longitudinally stable miRNAs (ICC >0.75) that were individually discriminating of women who had no cancer over the study period. These miRNAs were dominated by those originating from the C14MC cluster that is subject to maternal imprinting. This assessment was not significantly affected by common confounders such as age, BMI or time to centrifugation nor alternative methods to data normalisation. Our analysis provides important benchmark data supporting the development of miRNA biomarkers for the impact of life-course exposure as well as diagnosis and prognostication of chronic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel N Valbuena
- Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Sophia Apostolidou
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, Institute of Clinical Trials & Methodology, University College London, Gower Street, London, UK
| | - Rhiannon Roberts
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, Institute of Clinical Trials & Methodology, University College London, Gower Street, London, UK
| | - Julie Barnes
- Abcodia Ltd, PO Box 268, Royston, SG8 1EL, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Wendy Alderton
- Abcodia Ltd, PO Box 268, Royston, SG8 1EL, Hertfordshire, UK
- Early Detection Programme, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lauren Harper
- Cancer Research UK, Angel Building, 407 St John Street, London, UK
| | - Ian Jacobs
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, Institute of Clinical Trials & Methodology, University College London, Gower Street, London, UK
- University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Usha Menon
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, Institute of Clinical Trials & Methodology, University College London, Gower Street, London, UK
| | - Hector C Keun
- Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, United Kingdom.
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13
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Huang LJ, Shen Y, Bai J, Wang FX, Feng YD, Chen HL, Peng Y, Zhang R, Li FM, Zhang PH, Lei XR, Xue F, Ma YP, Hu JS, He AL. High Expression Levels of Long Noncoding RNA Small Nucleolar RNA Host Gene 18 and Semaphorin 5A Indicate Poor Prognosis in Multiple Myeloma. Acta Haematol 2019; 143:279-288. [PMID: 31597158 DOI: 10.1159/000502404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to detect the expression of long noncoding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 18 (SNHG18) andsemaphorin 5A (SEMA5A) genes in multiple myeloma (MM) patients and to explore the correlation of the expression of these genes with the clinical characteristics and prognosis of MM patients. METHODS Forty-seven newly diagnosed MM, 18 complete remission MM, 13 refractory/relapse MM, and 22 iron deficiency anemia (serving as control) samples were extracted at the Department of Hematology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xian Jiaotong University between January 2015 and December 2016. The clinical features of the MM patients are summarized. Real-time quantitative PCR was performed to analyze the relative expression levels of the SNHG18 and SEMA5Agenes. The clinical characteristics and overall survival (OS) of the MM patients were statistically analyzed while measuring different levels of SNHG18 and SEMA5Agene expression. At the same time, the correlation between the expression of SNHG18 and SEMA5A was also analyzed. RESULTS The analysis confirmed that SNHG18 and its possible target gene SEMA5A were both highly expressed in newly diagnosed MM patients. After analyzing the clinical significance of SNHG18 and SEMA5A in MM patients, we found that the expression of SNHG18 and SEMA5A was related to the Durie-Salmon (DS), International Staging System (ISS), and Revised International Staging System (R-ISS) classification systems, and the Mayo Clinic Risk Stratification for Multiple Myeloma (mSMART; p < 0.05). Moreover, we observed a significant difference in OS between the SNHG18/SEMA5A high expression group and the low expression group. We found a positive correlation between SNHG18 and SEMA5A expression (r = 0.709, p < 0.01). Surprisingly, the expected median OS times of both the SNHG18 and SEMA5Ahigh expression groups were significantly decreased, which was in contrast to those of both the SNHG18 and SEMA5Alow expression groups and the single-gene high expression group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION High expression of both SNHG18 and SEMA5A is associated with poor prognosis in patients with MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Juan Huang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Department of General Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
- School of General Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ying Shen
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ju Bai
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fang-Xia Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuan-Dong Feng
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hong-Li Chen
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yue Peng
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ru Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fang-Mei Li
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Pei-Hua Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiao-Ru Lei
- Institute of Hematology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Feng Xue
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan-Ping Ma
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jin-Song Hu
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Ai-Li He
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China,
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14
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Ding H, An Y, Zhao T, Liu B, Wang Y, Zhang L, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Wang M, Dong Y, Hu L, Zhao BC, Li P. Large-scale rapid detection of circulating microRNAs in plasma for diagnosis and screening of specific diseases. Nanoscale 2019; 11:16879-16885. [PMID: 31482918 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr04407h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
microRNAs are a type of evolutionarily conserved small non-coding RNA with a length of 18-25 nucleotides. In recent years, increasing studies have shown that the content of specific miRNAs in the blood changes significantly during the occurrence and development of major diseases such as cardiovascular disease and cancer. Therefore, miRNAs may serve as important new biomarkers that can be used for disease diagnosis in the future. Here, we improved the polyethylene glycol layer on the surface of a traditional silicon sphere to specifically capture miRNAs by means of a full-function microplate detector, at 100 microliters. The detection limit for specific miRNAs per liter of plasma can reach 1 fM, and simultaneous detection of 96 samples can be achieved. Compared with the traditional real-time PCR technology, our detection eliminates the complex steps of miRNA extraction, reverse transcription, amplification, etc. and avoids more human error in the detection process. Using the full-featured microwell detector, we can rapidly detect specific miRNAs in plasma, which can be used in the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Ding
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qing Dao, 266071, China.
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15
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Wang C, Jiang Y, Lei Q, Wu Y, Shao J, Pu D, Li W. Potential Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers of Circular RNAs for Lung Cancer in China. Biomed Res Int 2019; 2019:8023541. [PMID: 31534962 PMCID: PMC6732606 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8023541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence demonstrated that circular RNAs (circRNAs) were dysregulated in lung cancer, indicating that circRNAs might serve as novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for lung cancer. However, the clinical value of circRNAs on lung cancer remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of circRNAs in the diagnosis and prognosis for lung cancer in China. 2122 Chinese individuals were enrolled in this investigation for assessment of diagnostic value and examination of prognostic analysis. In the diagnostic analysis, the pooled sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR, DOR, and AUC of the sROC curve with their 95% CIs were 0.80 (95%CI: 0.74-0.84), 0.80 (95%CI: 0.73-0.86), 3.97 (95%CI: 2.80-5.62) and 0.26 (95%CI: 0.19-0.34), 15.51 (95%CI: 8.76-24.47), and 0.85 (95%CI: 0.82-0.88), respectively. As for the prognostic power of circRNAs, lung cancer patients with higher expression levels of circRNAs tend to possess lower overall survival with the overall pooled HR (1.70, 95%CI: 1.26-2.29). Furthermore, in stratified analysis, upregulated and downregulated circRNAs were manifested to exert significant effects on prognosis with HR values of 2.17 (95%CI: 1.74-2.72) and 0.52 (95%CI: 0.34-0.80). This study validates that circRNAs are promising diagnostic and predictive biomarkers for lung cancer patients in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengdi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Medical School/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuting Jiang
- West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian Lei
- Department of Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yangping Wu
- Department of Clinical Research Management, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Shao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Medical School/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Pu
- Clinic Skill Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weimin Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Medical School/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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16
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Nimir M, Ma Y, Jeffreys SA, Opperman T, Young F, Khan T, Ding P, Chua W, Balakrishnar B, Cooper A, De Souza P, Becker TM. Detection of AR-V7 in Liquid Biopsies of Castrate Resistant Prostate Cancer Patients: A Comparison of AR-V7 Analysis in Circulating Tumor Cells, Circulating Tumor RNA and Exosomes. Cells 2019; 8:cells8070688. [PMID: 31288377 PMCID: PMC6678978 DOI: 10.3390/cells8070688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Detection of androgen receptor (AR) variant 7 (AR-V7) is emerging as a clinically important biomarker in castrate resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Detection is possible from tumor tissue, which is often inaccessible in the advanced disease setting. With recent progress in detecting AR-V7 in circulating tumor cells (CTCs), circulating tumor RNA (ctRNA) and exosomes from prostate cancer patients, liquid biopsies have emerged as an alternative to tumor biopsy. Therefore, it is important to clarify whether these approaches differ in sensitivity in order to achieve the best possible biomarker characterization for the patient. In this study, blood samples from 44 prostate cancer patients were processed for CTCs and ctRNA with subsequent AR-V7 testing, while exosomal RNA was isolated from 16 samples and tested. Detection of AR and AR-V7 was performed using a highly sensitive droplet digital PCR-based assay. AR and AR-V7 RNA were detectable in CTCs, ctRNA and exosome samples. AR-V7 detection from CTCs showed higher sensitivity and has proven specificity compared to detection from ctRNA and exosomes. Considering that CTCs are almost always present in the advanced prostate cancer setting, CTC samples should be considered the liquid biopsy of choice for the detection of this clinically important biomarker.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Alternative Splicing
- Biomarkers, Tumor/blood
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Cell-Free Nucleic Acids
- Exosomes
- Humans
- Liquid Biopsy/methods
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Neoplastic Cells, Circulating/chemistry
- Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant/blood
- Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant/diagnosis
- Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant/pathology
- Protein Isoforms/blood
- Protein Isoforms/genetics
- RNA, Neoplasm/blood
- RNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- Receptors, Androgen/blood
- Receptors, Androgen/genetics
- Sensitivity and Specificity
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Nimir
- Centre for Circulating Tumour Cell Diagnostics and Research, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, 1 Campbell St, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
- South Western Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Goulburn St, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
| | - Yafeng Ma
- Centre for Circulating Tumour Cell Diagnostics and Research, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, 1 Campbell St, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
- South Western Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Goulburn St, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
| | - Sarah A Jeffreys
- Centre for Circulating Tumour Cell Diagnostics and Research, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, 1 Campbell St, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
| | - Thomas Opperman
- Centre for Circulating Tumour Cell Diagnostics and Research, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, 1 Campbell St, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
- South Western Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Goulburn St, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
| | - Francis Young
- Centre for Circulating Tumour Cell Diagnostics and Research, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, 1 Campbell St, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
- South Western Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Goulburn St, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
| | - Tanzila Khan
- Centre for Circulating Tumour Cell Diagnostics and Research, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, 1 Campbell St, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
| | - Pei Ding
- Centre for Circulating Tumour Cell Diagnostics and Research, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, 1 Campbell St, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
- Liverpool Hospital, Elizabeth St & Goulburn St, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
| | - Wei Chua
- Liverpool Hospital, Elizabeth St & Goulburn St, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
| | | | - Adam Cooper
- Centre for Circulating Tumour Cell Diagnostics and Research, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, 1 Campbell St, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
- Liverpool Hospital, Elizabeth St & Goulburn St, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
| | - Paul De Souza
- Centre for Circulating Tumour Cell Diagnostics and Research, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, 1 Campbell St, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
- Liverpool Hospital, Elizabeth St & Goulburn St, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Therese M Becker
- Centre for Circulating Tumour Cell Diagnostics and Research, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, 1 Campbell St, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia.
- South Western Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Goulburn St, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia.
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia.
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17
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Xiang P, Liu Y, Liu L, Lin Q, Liu X, Zhang H, Xu J, Fang B. The Biological Function and Clinical Significance of miR-886-5p in Multiple Myeloma. Acta Haematol 2019; 142:208-216. [PMID: 31163428 DOI: 10.1159/000499620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND miR-886-5p plays an important role in many tumors, but it has been rarely investigated in multiple myeloma (MM). We studied the expression of miR-886-5p in the plasma of MM patients and in MM cell lines, and evaluated its biological function to identify its potential involvement in MM. METHODS We recruited 16 subjects including 10 newly diagnosed MM patients who had not received treatment and 6 healthy individuals. The expression of miR-886-5p in plasma and MM cell lines was examined by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Cell Counting Kit-8, colony formation assay, and 7-amino-actinomycin D/allophycocyanin double staining were performed to detect the function of miR-886-5p in MM cell lines. The expression of Bax and p53 was determined by western blot. RESULTS The expression of miR-886-5p in the plasma of MM patients was higher than that in normal individuals and its level in MM cell lines was higher than that in peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from healthy individuals. miR-886-5p could trigger the cell proliferation and inhibition of apoptosis and affect the cell cycle. CONCLUSION miR-886-5p triggered MM cell growth and may act as a diagnostic plasma biomarker for MM, potentially contributing to resistance to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Xiang
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuzhang Liu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lina Liu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Quande Lin
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiyang Liu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Baijun Fang
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,
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18
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Bademler S, Ucuncu MZ, Tilgen Vatansever C, Serilmez M, Ertin H, Karanlık H. Diagnostic and Prognostic Significance of Carboxypeptidase A4 (CPA4) in Breast Cancer. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9030103. [PMID: 30875843 PMCID: PMC6468575 DOI: 10.3390/biom9030103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent research focused on prolonged survival has suggested that carboxypeptidase A4 (CPA4) plays a role in both tumor microenvironment formation and distant metastasis in cancer. In some patients, serum and expression (mRNA) levels of CPA4 have been found to be correlated with the aggressiveness and progression of the disease. Accordingly, we conducted a first study to investigate the diagnostic and prognostic significance of CPA4 in the case of breast cancer (BC), the most common form of malignancy in women. The study included a total of 50 patients with BC and 20 healthy women as the control group. The participants’ serum CPA4 levels were determined by the ELISA test, and, for assessment of CPA4 mRNA, we used the PCR method. The serum CPA4 (p = 0.001) and CPA4 mRNA (p = 0.015) levels were found to be statistically significantly higher in the controls, compared to the patient group. When the results of patient group were statistically analyzed based on subgrouping by tumor characteristics, the measured CPA4 mRNA levels showed significant difference with respect to the molecular subtype (p = 0.006), pN status (p = 0.023), and pathological stage (p = 0.039), while the serum CPA4 measurements differed significantly in terms of pathological type only (p = 0.024). We conclude that CPA4 is diagnostically and prognostically not futile when used in combination with the other considerations and measurements in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suleyman Bademler
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Oncology, Istanbul University, 34093 Istanbul, Turkey.
| | | | - Ceren Tilgen Vatansever
- Department of Basic Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Istanbul University, 34093 Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Murat Serilmez
- Department of Basic Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Istanbul University, 34093 Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Hakan Ertin
- Department of Medical Ethics and History, Istanbul University, 34093 Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Hasan Karanlık
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Oncology, Istanbul University, 34093 Istanbul, Turkey.
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19
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Bahnassy AA, Salem SE, Mohanad M, Abulezz NZ, Abdellateif MS, Hussein M, Zekri CAN, Zekri ARN, Allahloubi NMA. Prognostic significance of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in Egyptian non-metastatic colorectal cancer patients: A comparative study for four different techniques of detection (Flowcytometry, CellSearch, Quantitative Real-time PCR and Cytomorphology). Exp Mol Pathol 2018; 106:90-101. [PMID: 30578762 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We assessed CTCs counts in NMCRC patients using four different techniques. METHODS CTCs were detected in 63 NMCRC patients, 40 benign bowel diseases (BBD) and 40 normal controls (NC) using, flow-cytometry (FCM), CellSearch (CS), cytomorphology and quantitative real time (qPCR) for CK19, MUC1, CD44, CD133, ALDH1 expression. Results were correlated to progression free (PFS) and overall (OS). RESULTS Positive CTCs (≥4 cells /7.5 mL blood) were detected in 50.8% (32/63) NMCRC by FCM and 7.5% (3/40) BBD (p < .001). CTCs were detected in 34/63 (54%) NMCRC, 4/40 (10%) BBD (p < .001) by CS. CK19, MUC1, CD44, CD133 and ALDH1 were expressed in 35 (55.6%), 29 (46.0%), 28 (44.4%), 26 (41.3%) and 25 (41.3%) cases of NMCRC. In BBD 4/40 (10%) cases expressed CK19, MUC1 and CD44, while 2/40 (5%) expressed CD133. Cytomorphology showed the lowest sensitivity (47.6%) and specificity (90%) for CTCs detection. The combined use of FCM or CS with CTCs-mRNA markers improved the sensitivity and specificity to 68.3%, and 95.0%; respectively. Positive CTCs and mRNA markers expression were significantly associated with shorter 5-yr PFS and OS. In multivariate analysis, CTCs mRNA markers were independent prognostic factors for PFS and OS. CONCLUSIONS Enumeration of CTCs by FCM and RNA expression for specific colon cancer markers are comparable to CS regarding sensitivity and specificity. CTCs also represent novel therapeutic targets for NMCRC cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer A Bahnassy
- Tissue culture and Cytogenetics Unit, Pathology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo 11976, Egypt.
| | - Salem E Salem
- Medical Oncology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo 11976, Egypt
| | - Marwa Mohanad
- Biochemistry Department, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, 6(th) of October 12945, Egypt
| | - Nermeen Z Abulezz
- Biochemistry Department, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, 6(th) of October 12945, Egypt
| | - Mona S Abdellateif
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo 11976, Egypt
| | - Marwa Hussein
- Medical Oncology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo 11976, Egypt
| | - Chahd A N Zekri
- Faculty of Medicine, 6(th) of October University, 6(th) of October, Egypt
| | - Abdel-Rahman N Zekri
- Virology and Immunology unit, Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo 11976, Egypt
| | - Nasr M A Allahloubi
- Medical Oncology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo 11976, Egypt
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20
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Yang Y, Kannisto E, Yu G, Reid ME, Patnaik SK, Wu Y. An Immuno-Biochip Selectively Captures Tumor-Derived Exosomes and Detects Exosomal RNAs for Cancer Diagnosis. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10:43375-43386. [PMID: 30451486 PMCID: PMC8628516 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b13971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-derived exosomes (TEXs) play instrumental roles in tumor growth, angiogenesis, immune modulation, metastasis, and drug resistance. TEX RNAs are a new class of noninvasive biomarkers for cancer. Neither current techniques, such as quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and next-generation sequencing, nor new ones, such as electrochemical or surface plasmon resonance-based biosensors, are able to selectively capture and separate TEXs from normal cell-derived exosomes, making TEX RNAs potentially less sensitive biomarkers. We developed an immuno-biochip that selectively captures TEXs using antibodies against tumor-associated proteins and quantifies in situ TEX RNAs using cationic lipoplexes containing molecular beacons. We used the immuno-biochip to measure the expression of miR-21 microRNA and TTF-1 mRNA in EGFR- or PD-L1-bearing exosomes from human sera and achieved absolute sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing normal controls from non-small cell lung cancer patients. Our results demonstrated that the effective separation of TEXs from other exosomes greatly improved the detection sensitivity and specificity. Compared with the traditional immunomagnetic separation-RNA isolation-qRT-PCR workflow, the immuno-biochip showed superior lung cancer diagnostic performance, consumed less samples (∼30 μL), and shortened assay time from ∼24 to 4 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunchen Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, 332 Bonner Hall, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Eric Kannisto
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Street, Buffalo, New York 14263, United States
| | - Guan Yu
- Department of Biostatistics, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, 710 Kimball Tower, Buffalo, New York 14214, United States
| | - Mary E. Reid
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Street, Buffalo, New York 14263, United States
| | - Santosh K. Patnaik
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Street, Buffalo, New York 14263, United States
- Corresponding Authors: . Phone: (716) 845-8364. Fax: (716) 845-8922 (S.K.P.). . Phone: (716) 645-8498. Fax: (716) 645-2207 (Y.W.)
| | - Yun Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, 332 Bonner Hall, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
- Corresponding Authors: . Phone: (716) 845-8364. Fax: (716) 845-8922 (S.K.P.). . Phone: (716) 645-8498. Fax: (716) 645-2207 (Y.W.)
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21
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Sedlarikova L, Bollova B, Radova L, Brozova L, Jarkovsky J, Almasi M, Penka M, Kuglík P, Sandecká V, Stork M, Pour L, Sevcikova S. Circulating exosomal long noncoding RNA PRINS-First findings in monoclonal gammopathies. Hematol Oncol 2018; 36:786-791. [PMID: 30144133 PMCID: PMC6585732 DOI: 10.1002/hon.2554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma is the second most common hematological malignancy characterized by focal lesions of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow. These lesions contain subclones that directly influence survival of patients. Bone marrow biopsies are single-site biopsies and thus cannot contain all information about the tumor. In contrast, liquid biopsies analyze circulating cells and molecules that are secreted from all sites of the tumor. Long noncoding RNA molecules are one class of these molecules. We performed a two-phase biomarker study investigating lncRNA expression profiles in exosomes of peripheral blood serum of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) patients, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) patients in comparison with healthy donors (HD). Surprisingly, this analysis revealed dysregulation of only one exosomal lncRNA PRINS in MM vs HD. Overall, MM and MGUS patients were distinguished from HD with sensitivity of 84.9% and specificity of 83.3%. Our study suggests a possible diagnostic role for exosomal lncRNA PRINS in monoclonal gammopathies patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Sedlarikova
- Babak Myeloma Group, Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of MedicineMasaryk UniversityBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Bozena Bollova
- Babak Myeloma Group, Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of MedicineMasaryk UniversityBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Lenka Radova
- Central European Institute of TechnologyMasaryk UniversityBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Lucie Brozova
- Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of MedicineMasaryk UniversityBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Jiri Jarkovsky
- Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of MedicineMasaryk UniversityBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Martina Almasi
- Department of Clinical HematologyUniversity Hospital BrnoBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Miroslav Penka
- Department of Clinical HematologyUniversity Hospital BrnoBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Petr Kuglík
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of ScienceMasaryk UniversityBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Viera Sandecká
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and OncologyUniversity Hospital BrnoBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Martin Stork
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and OncologyUniversity Hospital BrnoBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Ludek Pour
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and OncologyUniversity Hospital BrnoBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Sabina Sevcikova
- Babak Myeloma Group, Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of MedicineMasaryk UniversityBrnoCzech Republic
- Department of Clinical HematologyUniversity Hospital BrnoBrnoCzech Republic
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22
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Tavallaie R, McCarroll J, Le Grand M, Ariotti N, Schuhmann W, Bakker E, Tilley RD, Hibbert DB, Kavallaris M, Gooding JJ. Nucleic acid hybridization on an electrically reconfigurable network of gold-coated magnetic nanoparticles enables microRNA detection in blood. Nat Nanotechnol 2018; 13:1066-1071. [PMID: 30150634 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-018-0232-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
There is intense interest in quantifying the levels of microRNA because of its importance as a blood-borne biomarker. The challenge has been to develop methods that can monitor microRNA expression both over broad concentration ranges and in ultralow amounts directly in a patient's blood. Here, we show that, through electric-field-induced reconfiguration of a network of gold-coated magnetic nanoparticles modified by probe DNA (DNA-Au@MNPs), it is possible to create a highly sensitive sensor for direct analysis of nucleic acids in samples as complex as whole blood. The sensor is the first to be able to detect concentrations of microRNA from 10 aM to 1 nM in unprocessed blood samples. It can distinguish small variations in microRNA concentrations in blood samples of mice with growing tumours. The ultrasensitive and direct detection of microRNA using an electrically reconfigurable DNA-Au@MNPs network makes the reported device a promising tool for cancer diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Tavallaie
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Joshua McCarroll
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Tumour Biology and Targeting Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Children's Cancer Institute, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Marion Le Grand
- Tumour Biology and Targeting Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Children's Cancer Institute, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nicholas Ariotti
- Electron Microscope Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New I South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Wolfgang Schuhmann
- Analytical Chemistry - Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Eric Bakker
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Richard David Tilley
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Electron Microscope Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New I South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Brynn Hibbert
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Maria Kavallaris
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Tumour Biology and Targeting Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Children's Cancer Institute, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John Justin Gooding
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
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23
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Hu B, Hu H, Yin M, Sun Z, Chen X, Li Y, Sun Z, Liu C, Li L, Qiu Y. Sertad1 promotes prostate cancer progression through binding androgen receptor ligand binding domain. Int J Cancer 2018; 144:558-568. [PMID: 30230528 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Revised: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Androgen receptor (AR) signaling is involved in the initiation and progression of prostate cancer (PCa), which is the most frequently diagnosed nonskin cancer and remains a leading cause of cancer-related death in men. Further investigation of the involvement of AR signaling in PCa progression is urgently needed. In the present study, we performed a yeast two-hybrid screen and demonstrated that SERTA domain-containing protein 1 (Sertad1) is a novel AR-binding protein that binds to the AR ligand binding domain (LBD). The binding between AR-LBD and Sertad1 was confirmed by glutathione S-transferase (GST) pull-down assays and immunoprecipitation (IP) and confocal immunofluorescence co-localization experiments. Furthermore, we demonstrated that DHT inhibited Sertad1 protein degradation in prostate cancer cell lines and that Sertad1 knockdown inhibited the proliferation of prostate cancer cells in vitro. In human PCa tumor tissues, Sertad1 expression is positively correlated with AR expression and the Gleason score. Taken together, this report is the first to show that Sertad1 is a novel AR-LBD-binding protein, and DHT-liganded AR-LBD inhibits Sertad1 degradation. Thus, Sertad1 may represent a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of AR-positive PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqing Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Haidi Hu
- Department of Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingzhu Yin
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Zhengrong Sun
- Virus Laboratory, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoya Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyi Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Qiu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
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24
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Cheng L, Zhang Z, Zuo D, Zhu W, Zhang J, Zeng Q, Yang D, Li M, Zhao Y. Ultrasensitive Detection of Serum MicroRNA Using Branched DNA-Based SERS Platform Combining Simultaneous Detection of α-Fetoprotein for Early Diagnosis of Liver Cancer. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10:34869-34877. [PMID: 30238748 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b10252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We provided an ultrasensitive sensing strategy for microRNA detection by first employing branched DNA. With the aid of microcontact printing, we realized the multiplex sensing of different kinds of liver cancer biomarkers: microRNA and protein simultaneously. Delicately designed branched DNA included multiple complementary sticky ends as probe to microRNA capture and the double-stranded rigid branched core to increase the active sticky-ends distance and expose more DNA probes for sensitivity. The branched DNA enables 2 orders of magnitude increase in sensitivity for microRNA detection over single-stranded DNA. The limit of detection reaches as low as 10 attomolar (S/N = 3) for miR-223 and 10-12 M for α-fetoprotein. In addition, this system shows high selectivity and appropriate reproducibility (the relative standard deviation is less than 20%) in physiological media. Serum samples are tested and the results of α-fetoprotein are in good agreement with the current gold-standard method, electrochemiluminescence immunoassay analyzer. The results suggest the reliability of this approach in physiological media and show high potential in the sensing of low abundant microRNA in serum, especially for early diagnosis of primary liver cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linxiu Cheng
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , 19B, Yuquan Road , Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049 , China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) , Beijing 100190 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Zhikun Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Duo Zuo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy , Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer , Tianjin 300060 , China
| | - Wenfeng Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , 19B, Yuquan Road , Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Jie Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , 19B, Yuquan Road , Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049 , China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Qingdao Zeng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Dayong Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Min Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , 19B, Yuquan Road , Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Yuliang Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , 19B, Yuquan Road , Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049 , China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) , Beijing 100190 , China
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25
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Liu T, Yin L, Yan G, Li C, Wang L. A meta-analysis of microRNA-17 as a potential biomarker in diagnosis of colorectal cancer. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2018; 64:86-93. [PMID: 29808806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This meta-analysis was aimed to determine the diagnostic accuracy of circulating microRNA-17 for colorectal Cancer (CRC). Databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were searched up to February 23, 2018 for eligible studies. Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS) was employed to assess the quality of the included studies. Meta-analysis was performed in STATA 13.0. Ten studies with total 938 CRC patients and 638 control individuals were included in this meta-analysis. All of the included studies are of high quality. The summary estimates revealed that the pooled sensitivity is 0.75 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.60-0.85) and the specificity is 68% (95% CI: 0.56-0.77), for the diagnosis of CRC. In addition, the area under the summary ROC curve (AUC) is 0.76. The current evidence suggests that circulating miR-17 has the potential diagnostic value for CRC. More prospective studies on the diagnostic value of circulating miR-17 for CRC are needed in the future. Together, microRNA-17 might be a novel potential biomarker in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer, and more studies are needed to highlight the theoretical strengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Libin Yin
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Guoqiang Yan
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin 130021, China
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26
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Liang N, Chen Y, Yang L, He S, Liu T. Visfatin increases miR-21 to promote migration in HCC. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2018; 64:48-52. [PMID: 29808800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common human malignancy. In this study, we aimed to investigate the serum levels of visfatin and miR-21 in HCC patients, to analysis the relationship between the pathological features and the plasma level of visfatin or miR-21, and to explore the roles of visfatin and miR-21 in migration of HCC cells. Our results showed that the serum levels of visfatin and miR-21 were significant higher in HCC patients than healthy subjects. The diagnostic sensitivity of serum visfatin was 82.5% and the specificity was 65.0%. The serum visfatin was significantly associated with the histology and metastasis. Visfatin induced miR-21 expression and cell migration in HepG2 cells. Transfection of miR-21 inhibitor suppressed the visfatin-induced migration in HCC cells. These results suggested that visfatin induced HCC cell migration via upregulation of miR-21, which provides a novel basis for the diagnosis of HCC.
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MESH Headings
- Abdominal Fat/metabolism
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Biomarkers, Tumor/blood
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/blood
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/epidemiology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Cytokines/blood
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Cytokines/physiology
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Hep G2 Cells
- Humans
- Liver Neoplasms/blood
- Liver Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Liver Neoplasms/epidemiology
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Male
- MicroRNAs/biosynthesis
- MicroRNAs/blood
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/physiology
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Metastasis
- Neoplasm Proteins/blood
- Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism
- Neoplasm Proteins/physiology
- Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase/blood
- Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase/metabolism
- Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase/physiology
- RNA, Neoplasm/biosynthesis
- RNA, Neoplasm/blood
- RNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- RNA, Neoplasm/physiology
- Recombinant Proteins/metabolism
- Sensitivity and Specificity
- Up-Regulation
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Affiliation(s)
- Ninglin Liang
- The fourth inpatient area of digestive department, Central Hospital of Suining, Suining 629000, China
| | - Yongjun Chen
- The fourth inpatient area of digestive department, Central Hospital of Suining, Suining 629000, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Suyu He
- The fourth inpatient area of digestive department, Central Hospital of Suining, Suining 629000, China
| | - Tianyu Liu
- The fourth inpatient area of digestive department, Central Hospital of Suining, Suining 629000, China
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27
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Peng Z, Zhu W, Dai J, Ju F. MicroRNA-200 as potential diagnostic markers for colorectal cancer: meta-analysis and experimental validation. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2018; 64:77-85. [PMID: 29808805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Members of microRNA(miR)-200 family is proposed as promising biomarkers for colorectal cancer (CRC). However, their expression in CRC patients, and whether them could identify as new biomarkers of cancers are inconsistent and controversy. Therefore, a meta-analysis was performed to assess the diagnostic value of miR-200 family members in CRC patients. This meta-analysis screened 6 studies, including 191 patients with colorectal cancer at stage IV, 446 patients with colorectal cancer at stage I~III and 98 normal controls, and performed using bivariate and hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic (HSROC) models. The quality of the eligible studies was assessed according to Quality Assessment of Diagnosis Accuracy Studies-2. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of miR‑141 alone for CRC diagnosis were 82% and 75%, respectively. The diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) value was 13.21 [95% confidence interval (CI), 7.00‑24.95], and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.85 (95% CI, 0.82‑0.88). The pooled sensitivity and specificity of total miR-200 family members were 79% and 71%, respectively. In the HSROC model, the estimate for the "Lambda" was 2.48 (95% CI,1.50-3.46). Finally, we detected the miR-141 in 20 CRC patients and 20 healthy. Results showed that serum miR-141 was overexpressed in CRC patients. Overall, miR-141 in miR-200 family has a good sensitivity and moderate specificity for CRC diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongyu Peng
- Department of Healthcare, Qingdao Cancer Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao266042, Shandong, China
| | - Wenru Zhu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Qingdao Central Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao266042, Shandong, China
| | - Jinzhao Dai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Qingdao Central Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao266042, Shandong, China
| | - Fang Ju
- Department of Oncology, Qingdao Central Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao266042, Shandong, China
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28
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Swellam M, El Magdoub HM, Hassan NM, Hefny MM, Sobeih ME. Potential diagnostic role of circulating MiRNAs in breast cancer: Implications on clinicopathological characters. Clin Biochem 2018; 56:47-54. [PMID: 29679553 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2018.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating miRNAs are stable in body fluids and resembles their levels in cancer tissue/cells. They have been expressed in many cancers among them is breast cancer. Authors aimed to investigate the expression levels of three circulating oncomiRNAs (miRNA-21, miRNA-222 and miRNA-373) in serum samples as a minimally non-invasive method for early detection of breast cancer, and study their relation with clinicopathological characters. METHODS MiRNAs expression levels were determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in serum samples from three groups: primary breast cancer patients (n = 137), benign breast lesion patients (n = 60), and healthy individuals as control group (n = 38). Statistical analyses were carried out using SPSS. RESULTS Significant differences were observed between the expression levels of the studied miRNAs in the investigated groups, as their median levels were increased in breast cancer patients followed by benign group patients then the healthy individuals. MiRNA-373 reported the highest diagnostic efficacy as compared to miRNA-21 and miRNA-222 with high area under the curve (AUC equals 0.987). The relation between tested miRNAs and clinicopathological factors revealed significant difference with clinical stages and histological grades. Level of miRNA-21 and miRNA-373 were statistically significantly higher in invasive duct carcinoma (IDC) as compared to non-IDC. Similarly, their levels were increased in lymph node metastasis (P < 0.01). MiRNA-222 and miRNA-373 were significantly increased in positive PgR and positive Her-2/neu status, respectively. CONCLUSION Assessment of miRNAs in serum samples can be applied as minimally non-invasive markers for early detection of breast cancer, and as discriminator between different clinicopathological characters.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Biomarkers, Tumor/blood
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Breast/metabolism
- Breast/pathology
- Breast Neoplasms/blood
- Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/secondary
- Diagnosis, Differential
- Early Diagnosis
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Lymphatic Metastasis/diagnosis
- Lymphatic Metastasis/pathology
- MicroRNAs/blood
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Grading
- Neoplasm Staging
- RNA, Neoplasm/blood
- RNA, Neoplasm/metabolism
- Up-Regulation
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
- Menha Swellam
- Biochemistry Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Division, High Throughput Molecular and Genetic Laboratory, Center for Excellences for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Hekmat M El Magdoub
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Naglaa M Hassan
- Clinical Pathology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona M Hefny
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Pezzuto F, Buonaguro L, Buonaguro FM, Tornesello ML. The Role of Circulating Free DNA and MicroRNA in Non-Invasive Diagnosis of HBV- and HCV-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E1007. [PMID: 29597259 PMCID: PMC5979406 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third and the fifth leading cause of cancer related death worldwide in men and in women, respectively. HCC generally has a poor prognosis, with a very low 5-year overall survival, due to delayed diagnosis and treatment. Early tumour detection and timely intervention are the best strategies to reduce morbidity and mortality in HCC patients. Histological evaluation of liver biopsies is the gold standard for cancer diagnosis, although it is an invasive, time-consuming and expensive procedure. Recently, the analysis of circulating free DNA (cfDNA) and RNA molecules released by tumour cells in body fluids, such as blood serum, saliva and urine, has attracted great interest for development of diagnostic assays based on circulating liver cancer molecular biomarkers. Such "liquid biopsies" have shown to be useful for the identification of specific molecular signatures in nucleic acids released by cancer cells, such as gene mutations and altered methylation of DNA as well as variations in the levels of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Body fluids analysis may represent a valuable strategy to monitor liver disease progression in subjects chronically infected with hepatitis viruses or cancer relapse in HCC treated patients. Several studies showed that qualitative and quantitative assays evaluating molecular profiles of circulating cell-free nucleic acids could be successfully employed for early diagnosis and therapeutic management of HCC patients. This review describes the state of art on the use of liquid biopsy for cancer driver gene mutations, deregulated DNA methylation as well as miRNA levels in HCC diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Pezzuto
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Fondazione G. Pascale", 80131 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Luigi Buonaguro
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Fondazione G. Pascale", 80131 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Franco Maria Buonaguro
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Fondazione G. Pascale", 80131 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Maria Lina Tornesello
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS "Fondazione G. Pascale", 80131 Napoli, Italy.
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30
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Rampazzo E, Del Bianco P, Bertorelle R, Boso C, Perin A, Spiro G, Bergamo F, Belluco C, Buonadonna A, Palazzari E, Leonardi S, De Paoli A, Pucciarelli S, De Rossi A. The predictive and prognostic potential of plasma telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) RNA in rectal cancer patients. Br J Cancer 2018; 118:878-886. [PMID: 29449673 PMCID: PMC5877438 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2017.492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) followed by surgery is the standard care for locally advanced rectal cancer, but tumour response to CRT and disease outcome are variable. The current study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of plasma telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) levels in predicting tumour response and clinical outcome. METHODS 176 rectal cancer patients were included. Plasma samples were collected at baseline (before CRT=T0), 2 weeks after CRT was initiated (T1), post-CRT and before surgery (T2), and 4-8 months after surgery (T3) time points. Plasma TERT mRNA levels and total cell-free RNA were determined using real-time PCR. RESULTS Plasma levels of TERT were significantly lower at T2 (P<0.0001) in responders than in non-responders. Post-CRT TERT levels and the differences between pre- and post-CRT TERT levels independently predicted tumour response, and the prediction model had an area under curve of 0.80 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.73-0.87). Multiple analysis demonstrated that patients with detectable TERT levels at T2 and T3 time points had a risk of disease progression 2.13 (95% CI 1.10-4.11)-fold and 4.55 (95% CI 1.48-13.95)-fold higher, respectively, than those with undetectable plasma TERT levels. CONCLUSIONS Plasma TERT levels are independent markers of tumour response and are prognostic of disease progression in rectal cancer patients who undergo neoadjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Rampazzo
- Section of Oncology and Immunology, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Via Gattamelata 64, Padova 35128, Italy
| | - Paola Del Bianco
- Clinical Trials and Biostatistic Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto (IOV)-IRCCS, Via Gattamelata 64, Padova 35128, Italy
| | - Roberta Bertorelle
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, IOV- IRCCS, Via Gattamelata 64, Padova 35128, Italy
| | - Caterina Boso
- Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine Unit, IOV-IRCCS, Via Gattamelata 64, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandro Perin
- Section of Surgery, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, Via Giustiniani 1, University of Padova, Padova 35128, Italy
| | - Giovanna Spiro
- Section of Surgery, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, Via Giustiniani 1, University of Padova, Padova 35128, Italy
| | - Francesca Bergamo
- Medical Oncology Unit 1, IOV-IRCCS, Via Gattamelata 64, Padova 35128, Italy
| | - Claudio Belluco
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO)-IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | | | | | - Sara Leonardi
- Medical Oncology Unit 1, IOV-IRCCS, Via Gattamelata 64, Padova 35128, Italy
| | | | - Salvatore Pucciarelli
- Section of Surgery, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, Via Giustiniani 1, University of Padova, Padova 35128, Italy
| | - Anita De Rossi
- Section of Oncology and Immunology, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Via Gattamelata 64, Padova 35128, Italy
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, IOV- IRCCS, Via Gattamelata 64, Padova 35128, Italy
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31
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Musolino C, Oteri G, Allegra A, Mania M, D'Ascola A, Avenoso A, Innao V, Allegra AG, Campo S. Altered microRNA expression profile in the peripheral lymphoid compartment of multiple myeloma patients with bisphosphonate-induced osteonecrosis of the jaw. Ann Hematol 2018; 97:1259-1269. [PMID: 29546453 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-018-3296-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Bisphosphonates are formidable inhibitors of osteoclast-mediated bone resorption employed for therapy of multiple myeloma (MM) subjects with osteolytic lesions. Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is an uncommon drug-induced adverse event of these agents. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small, noncoding RNAs nucleotides, which are essential post-transcriptional controllers of gene expression. They have a central role in the normal bone development. The goal of our study was to investigate 18 miRNAs, whose targets were previously validated and described in MM subjects without ONJ, in peripheral lymphocytes of MM subjects with bisphosphonate-induced ONJ. Utilizing reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction, we evaluated miRNAs in five healthy subjects and in five MM patients with ONJ. Our experimental data revealed that a diverse miRNA signature for ONJ subjects emerged with respect to control subjects. Using the filter for in silico analysis, among the 18 miRNAs, we recognized 14 dysregulated miRNAs. All these miRNAs were significantly over-expressed in patients vs controls (MIR-16-1, MIR-21, MIR-23A, MIR-28, MIR-101-1, MIR-124-1, MIR-129, MIR-139, MIR-145, MIR-149, MIR-202, MIR-221, MIR-424, MIR-520). Among them, six were strongly upregulated (fourfold upregulated and more). These miRNAs target numerous pathways and genes implicated in calcium ion binding, bone resorption, mineralization of bone matrix, and differentiation and maintenance of bone tissue. A modified microRNA expression profile after zoledronate therapy could participate to the onset of ONJ. Targeting these miRNAs could provide a new opportunity for the prevention or treatment of ONJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Musolino
- Division of Hematology, Department of Patologia Umana dell'Adulto e dell'Età Evolutiva, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125, Messina, Italy
| | - Giacomo Oteri
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Science and Morphological and Functional Images, Dental School, Messina, Italy
| | - Alessandro Allegra
- Division of Hematology, Department of Patologia Umana dell'Adulto e dell'Età Evolutiva, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125, Messina, Italy.
| | - Manuela Mania
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Science and Morphological and Functional Images, Dental School, Messina, Italy
| | - Angela D'Ascola
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Science and Morphological and Functional Images, Dental School, Messina, Italy
| | - Angela Avenoso
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Science and Morphological and Functional Images, Dental School, Messina, Italy
| | - Vanessa Innao
- Division of Hematology, Department of Patologia Umana dell'Adulto e dell'Età Evolutiva, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125, Messina, Italy
| | - Andrea Gaetano Allegra
- Division of Hematology, Department of Patologia Umana dell'Adulto e dell'Età Evolutiva, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125, Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore Campo
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Science and Morphological and Functional Images, Dental School, Messina, Italy
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Sandlin RD, Wong KHK, Tessier SN, Swei A, Bookstaver LD, Ahearn BE, Maheswaran S, Haber DA, Stott SL, Toner M. Ultra-fast vitrification of patient-derived circulating tumor cell lines. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192734. [PMID: 29474365 PMCID: PMC5825040 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging technologies have enabled the isolation and characterization of rare circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from the blood of metastatic cancer patients. CTCs represent a non-invasive opportunity to gain information regarding the primary tumor and recent reports suggest CTCs have value as an indicator of disease status. CTCs are fragile and difficult to expand in vitro, so typically molecular characterization must be performed immediately following isolation. To ease experimental timelines and enable biobanking, cryopreservation methods are needed. However, extensive cellular heterogeneity and the rarity of CTCs complicates the optimization of cryopreservation methods based upon cell type, necessitating a standardized protocol. Here, we optimized a previously reported vitrification protocol to preserve patient-derived CTC cell lines using highly conductive silica microcapillaries to achieve ultra-fast cooling rates with low cryoprotectant concentrations. Using this vitrification protocol, five CTC cell lines were cooled to cryogenic temperatures. Thawed CTCs exhibited high cell viability and expanded under in vitro cell culture conditions. EpCAM biomarker expression was maintained for each CTC cell line. One CTC cell line was selected for molecular characterization, revealing that RNA integrity was maintained after storage. A qPCR panel showed no significant difference in thawed CTCs compared to fresh controls. The data presented here suggests vitrification may enable the standardization of cryopreservation methods for CTCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca D. Sandlin
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Center for Engineering in Medicine & Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Keith H. K. Wong
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Center for Engineering in Medicine & Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Shannon N. Tessier
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Center for Engineering in Medicine & Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Anisa Swei
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Center for Engineering in Medicine & Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Lauren D. Bookstaver
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Center for Engineering in Medicine & Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Bennett E. Ahearn
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Center for Engineering in Medicine & Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Shyamala Maheswaran
- Cancer Center & Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Daniel A. Haber
- Cancer Center & Department of Medicine, Massachusetts, MA General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Shannon L. Stott
- Cancer Center, Department of Medicine & BioMEMS Resource Center, Center for Engineering in Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Mehmet Toner
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Center for Engineering in Medicine & Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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de Souza MF, Kuasne H, Barros-Filho MDC, Cilião HL, Marchi FA, Fuganti PE, Paschoal AR, Rogatto SR, Cólus IMDS. Circulating mRNAs and miRNAs as candidate markers for the diagnosis and prognosis of prostate cancer. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184094. [PMID: 28910345 PMCID: PMC5598937 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating nucleic acids are found in free form in body fluids and may serve as minimally invasive tools for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Only a few studies have investigated the potential application of circulating mRNAs and microRNAs (miRNAs) in prostate cancer (PCa). The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was used for an in silico analysis to identify circulating mRNA and miRNA as potential markers of PCa. A total of 2,267 genes and 49 miRNAs were differentially expressed between normal and tumor samples. The prediction analyses of target genes and integrative analysis of mRNA and miRNA expression revealed eleven genes and eight miRNAs which were validated by RT-qPCR in plasma samples from 102 untreated PCa patients and 50 cancer-free individuals. Two genes, OR51E2 and SIM2, and two miRNAs, miR-200c and miR-200b, showed significant association with PCa. Expression levels of these transcripts distinguished PCa patients from controls (67% sensitivity and 75% specificity). PCa patients and controls with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) ≤ 4.0 ng/mL were discriminated based on OR51E2 and SIM2 expression levels. The miR-200c expression showed association with Gleason score and miR-200b, with bone metastasis, bilateral tumor, and PSA > 10.0 ng/mL. The combination of circulating mRNA and miRNA was useful for the diagnosis and prognosis of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hellen Kuasne
- CIPE, AC Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Alexandre Rossi Paschoal
- Department of Computing, Federal University of Technology—Paraná, UTFPR, Cornélio Procópio, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Silvia Regina Rogatto
- CIPE, AC Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Vejle Hospital and Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Vejle, Denmark
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Pelloni M, Coltrinari G, Paoli D, Pallotti F, Lombardo F, Lenzi A, Gandini L. Differential expression of miRNAs in the seminal plasma and serum of testicular cancer patients. Endocrine 2017; 57:518-527. [PMID: 27796811 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-016-1150-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Various microRNAs from the miR-371-3 and miR-302a-d clusters have recently been proposed as markers for testicular germ cell tumours. Upregulation of these miRNAs has been found in both the tissue and serum of testicular cancer patients, but they have never been studied in human seminal plasma. The aim of this study was, therefore, to assess the differences in the expression of miR-371-3 and miR-302a-d between the seminal plasma and serum of testicular cancer patients, and to identify new potential testicular cancer markers in seminal plasma. We investigated the serum and seminal plasma of 28 pre-orchiectomy patients subsequently diagnosed with testicular cancer, the seminal plasma of another 20 patients 30 days post-orchiectomy and a control group consisting of 28 cancer-free subjects attending our centre for an andrological check-up. Serum microRNA expression was analysed using RT-qPCR. TaqMan Array Card 3.0 platform was used for microRNA profiling in the seminal plasma of cancer patients. Results for both miR-371-3 and the miR-302 cluster in the serum of testicular cancer patients were in line with literature reports, while miR-371and miR-372 expression in seminal plasma showed the opposite trend to serum. On array analysis, 37 miRNAs were differentially expressed in the seminal plasma of cancer patients, and the upregulated miR-142 and the downregulated miR-34b were validated using RT-qPCR. Our study investigated the expression of miRNAs in the seminal plasma of patients with testicular cancer for the first time. Unlike in serum, miR-371-3 cannot be considered as markers in seminal plasma, whereas miR-142 levels in seminal plasma may be a potential marker for testicular cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Pelloni
- Laboratory of Seminology-Sperm Bank, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161, Roma, Italy
| | - Giulia Coltrinari
- Laboratory of Seminology-Sperm Bank, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161, Roma, Italy
| | - Donatella Paoli
- Laboratory of Seminology-Sperm Bank, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161, Roma, Italy.
| | - Francesco Pallotti
- Laboratory of Seminology-Sperm Bank, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161, Roma, Italy
| | - Francesco Lombardo
- Laboratory of Seminology-Sperm Bank, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161, Roma, Italy
| | - Andrea Lenzi
- Laboratory of Seminology-Sperm Bank, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161, Roma, Italy
| | - Loredana Gandini
- Laboratory of Seminology-Sperm Bank, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161, Roma, Italy
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Abstract
Molecular monitoring of BCR-ABL1 transcripts for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is now used to assess response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), including treatment failure that mandates a change of therapy. Therefore, many centers have adopted the molecular technique for measuring BCR-ABL1 and rely on conversion of values to the international reporting scale for appropriate clinical interpretation. However, the technique has a degree of inherent variability despite standardized procedures, which means care should be taken by the clinician when assessing response based on BCR-ABL1 cutoff limits. The last few years have witnessed the emergence of a new molecular response target, which is the achievement and maintenance of a deep molecular response. The ability to achieve treatment-free remission for some patients has shifted the relevant boundary for molecular response. However, the definitive safe BCR-ABL1 transcript level and length of the maintenance phase after which treatment cessation can be attempted has not yet been determined. For patients with TKI resistance, BCR-ABL1 kinase domain mutation analysis remains an essential assessment to guide therapy. Furthermore, low-level mutation detection is clinically relevant for response prediction to subsequent TKI therapy for some patients. Multiple low-level mutations may be a biomarker of a clonally diverse disease with the propensity for resistance evolution. Overall, molecular monitoring, including low-level monitoring is a fundamental component of management for patients with CML.
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MESH Headings
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/blood
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/enzymology
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- RNA, Messenger/blood
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Neoplasm/blood
- RNA, Neoplasm/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Branford
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia; School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia; School of Medicine; and School of Molecular and Biomedical Science, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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36
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Ribeiro BF, Vergílio BR, Miranda ECM, Almeida MH, Delamain MT, da Silveira RA, de Souza CA, Albuquerque DM, Santos AD, Duarte VO, Oliveira-Duarte GB, Lorand-Metze I, Pagnano KBB. BCR-ABL1 Transcript Levels at 3 and 6 Months Are Better for Identifying Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients with Poor Outcome in Response to Second-Line Second-Generation Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors after Imatinib Failure: A Report from a Single Institution. Acta Haematol 2016; 134:248-54. [PMID: 26159458 DOI: 10.1159/000430835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Early reduction of BCR-ABL1 transcript levels has been associated with improved outcome in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) treatment. We evaluated 54 chronic-phase CML patients treated with imatinib who switched therapy to dasatinib (n = 33) or nilotinib (n = 21). BCR-ABL1 transcript levels were measured in peripheral blood using real-time quantitative PCR (RQ-PCR) every 3 months from the start of second-line treatment. Patients with BCR-ABL transcript levels >10% at 3 months and >1% at 6 months had significantly inferior progression-free (PFS) and event-free survival (EFS) than patients with RQ-PCR <10% at 3 months and <1% at 6 months (66 vs. 100%, p = 0.01, and 33 vs. 73%, p = 0.02, respectively). Patients with RQ-PCR <10% at 3 months and >1% at 6 months also had inferior PFS and EFS than patients with RQ-PCR <10% at 3 months and <1% at 6 months (48 vs. 100%, p = 0.002, and 25 vs. 73%, p < 0.0001, respectively). Two measurements of BCR-ABL levels were better than a single one to stratify chronic-phase CML patients as failure after second-line therapy.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Female
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/blood
- Humans
- Imatinib Mesylate/administration & dosage
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/blood
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Male
- Middle Aged
- RNA, Messenger/blood
- RNA, Neoplasm/blood
- Treatment Failure
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Gold B, Cankovic M, Furtado LV, Meier F, Gocke CD. Do circulating tumor cells, exosomes, and circulating tumor nucleic acids have clinical utility? A report of the association for molecular pathology. J Mol Diagn 2016; 17:209-24. [PMID: 25908243 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2015.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2014] [Revised: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diagnosing and screening for tumors through noninvasive means represent an important paradigm shift in precision medicine. In contrast to tissue biopsy, detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and circulating tumor nucleic acids provides a minimally invasive method for predictive and prognostic marker detection. This allows early and serial assessment of metastatic disease, including follow-up during remission, characterization of treatment effects, and clonal evolution. Isolation and characterization of CTCs and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) are likely to improve cancer diagnosis, treatment, and minimal residual disease monitoring. However, more trials are required to validate the clinical utility of precise molecular markers for a variety of tumor types. This review focuses on the clinical utility of CTCs and ctDNA testing in patients with solid tumors, including somatic and epigenetic alterations that can be detected. A comparison of methods used to isolate and detect CTCs and some of the intricacies of the characterization of the ctDNA are also provided.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Biomarkers, Tumor/blood
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- DNA, Neoplasm/blood
- DNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- Epigenesis, Genetic
- Exosomes/pathology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Mutation
- Neoplasms/blood
- Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Neoplasms/genetics
- Neoplasms/pathology
- Neoplastic Cells, Circulating/pathology
- Pathology, Molecular
- RNA, Neoplasm/blood
- RNA, Neoplasm/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Bert Gold
- Circulating Tumor Cells Working Group of the Clinical Practice Committee, Association for Molecular Pathology, Bethesda, Maryland; Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland.
| | - Milena Cankovic
- Circulating Tumor Cells Working Group of the Clinical Practice Committee, Association for Molecular Pathology, Bethesda, Maryland; Department of Pathology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Larissa V Furtado
- Circulating Tumor Cells Working Group of the Clinical Practice Committee, Association for Molecular Pathology, Bethesda, Maryland; Department of Pathology, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Frederick Meier
- Circulating Tumor Cells Working Group of the Clinical Practice Committee, Association for Molecular Pathology, Bethesda, Maryland; Department of Pathology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Christopher D Gocke
- Circulating Tumor Cells Working Group of the Clinical Practice Committee, Association for Molecular Pathology, Bethesda, Maryland; Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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38
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Koutova L, Sterbova M, Pazourkova E, Pospisilova S, Svobodova I, Horinek A, Lysak D, Korabecna M. The impact of standard chemotherapy on miRNA signature in plasma in AML patients. Leuk Res 2015; 39:1389-95. [PMID: 26340914 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2015.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2014] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM In our pilot study, we used plasma samples as liquid biopsy to search for miRNA signatures in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) at diagnosis and in remission achieved after standard chemotherapy before planned transplantation. MATERIAL AND METHODS We examined 10 plasma samples from healthy volunteers and 8 paired samples from patients with AML at diagnosis and in remission using TaqMan MicroRNA Arrays. The results were validated using single-target qPCR reactions run in triplicates. RESULTS We selected 6 miRNAs with expressions significantly sensitive to therapy: miR-199b-5p, miR-301b, miR-326, miR-361-5p, miR-625 and miR-655. All selected miRNAs were not or very weakly expressed in healthy individuals. They were abundant in plasma in patients at diagnosis but their levels decreased after chemotherapy. CONCLUSION We detected a therapy sensitive miRNA signature in plasma of patients with AML.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Consolidation Chemotherapy
- Cytarabine/administration & dosage
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic/drug effects
- Humans
- Idarubicin/administration & dosage
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/blood
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Male
- MicroRNAs/biosynthesis
- MicroRNAs/blood
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- Middle Aged
- Mitoxantrone/administration & dosage
- Pilot Projects
- RNA, Neoplasm/biosynthesis
- RNA, Neoplasm/blood
- RNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Remission Induction
- Transcriptome
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Koutova
- Department of Hematoonocology, Charles University Hospital in Pilsen, Alej Svobody 80, 304 60 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Sterbova
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General Faculty Hospital in Prague, Albertov 4, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Pazourkova
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General Faculty Hospital in Prague, Albertov 4, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Sarka Pospisilova
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General Faculty Hospital in Prague, Albertov 4, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Iveta Svobodova
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General Faculty Hospital in Prague, Albertov 4, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ales Horinek
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General Faculty Hospital in Prague, Albertov 4, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Lysak
- Department of Hematoonocology, Charles University Hospital in Pilsen, Alej Svobody 80, 304 60 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Korabecna
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General Faculty Hospital in Prague, Albertov 4, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic; Medical Faculty in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Husova 3, 306 05 Pilsen, Czech Republic.
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Abstract
Cancer of the adrenal cortex (ACC) is a rare endocrine malignancy with limited treatment options. Patients typically present with autonomous hormonal overproduction and/or a large abdominal mass. Hormonal assays and medical imaging can be diagnostic, but urinary steroid profiling might be a more sensitive technique to assess malignancy in adrenal tumours. The stage of the disease at diagnosis is the most important prognostic factor. The current staging system needs refinement, especially to separate aggressive from indolent disease in stage IV patients and to select patients who need adjuvant treatment after complete surgical resection. Regarding the latter, assessing the proliferation index Ki-67 seems the best tool currently available. Genomic profiling is expected to become of clinical relevance in the future. Medical therapy is centred on the adrenolytic drug mitotane, which carries considerable toxicity and is not easy to manage. Its tolerability and long plasma level build-up phase may be improved by therapeutic drug monitoring based on pharmacokinetic modelling and intensive counselling of patients. Current chemotherapy regimens can offer disease stabilization in about 50% of patients, but an objective response should be expected in <25%. Research on targeted therapy and immunotherapy is difficult in this rare disease with often heavily pre-treated patients and has not yet been successful. Quality of care should be ensured by treating patients in centres with established experience in multidisciplinary oncologic care, who adhere to prevailing guidelines and state-of-the-art in diagnostic and treatment concepts. International collaboration in fundamental research and clinical trials is the key to further elucidate the pathogenesis and to improve patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M A Kerkhofs
- Department of Internal MedicineMaxima Medical Center, Ds. Th. Fliednerstraat 1, 5631 BM Eindhoven/Veldhoven, The NetherlandsDivision of General Internal MedicineDepartment of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The NetherlandsDepartment of Health Services Research and CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary CareMaastricht University Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | - M H T Ettaieb
- Department of Internal MedicineMaxima Medical Center, Ds. Th. Fliednerstraat 1, 5631 BM Eindhoven/Veldhoven, The NetherlandsDivision of General Internal MedicineDepartment of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The NetherlandsDepartment of Health Services Research and CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary CareMaastricht University Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | - I G C Hermsen
- Department of Internal MedicineMaxima Medical Center, Ds. Th. Fliednerstraat 1, 5631 BM Eindhoven/Veldhoven, The NetherlandsDivision of General Internal MedicineDepartment of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The NetherlandsDepartment of Health Services Research and CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary CareMaastricht University Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | - H R Haak
- Department of Internal MedicineMaxima Medical Center, Ds. Th. Fliednerstraat 1, 5631 BM Eindhoven/Veldhoven, The NetherlandsDivision of General Internal MedicineDepartment of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The NetherlandsDepartment of Health Services Research and CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary CareMaastricht University Medical Center, The Netherlands Department of Internal MedicineMaxima Medical Center, Ds. Th. Fliednerstraat 1, 5631 BM Eindhoven/Veldhoven, The NetherlandsDivision of General Internal MedicineDepartment of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The NetherlandsDepartment of Health Services Research and CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary CareMaastricht University Medical Center, The Netherlands Department of Internal MedicineMaxima Medical Center, Ds. Th. Fliednerstraat 1, 5631 BM Eindhoven/Veldhoven, The NetherlandsDivision of General Internal MedicineDepartment of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The NetherlandsDepartment of Health Services Research and CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary CareMaastricht University Medical Center, The Netherlands
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40
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Kalniņa Z, Meistere I, Kikuste I, Tolmanis I, Zayakin P, Linē A. Emerging blood-based biomarkers for detection of gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:11636-11653. [PMID: 26556992 PMCID: PMC4631966 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i41.11636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Revised: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Early detection and efficient monitoring of tumor dynamics are prerequisites for reducing disease burden and mortality, and for improving the management of patients with gastric cancer (GC). Blood-based biomarker assays for the detection of early-stage GC could be of great relevance both for population-wide or risk group-based screening programs, while circulating biomarkers that reflect the genetic make-up and dynamics of the tumor would allow monitoring of treatment efficacy, predict recurrences and assess the genetic heterogeneity of the tumor. Recent research to identify blood-based biomarkers of GC has resulted in the identification of a wide variety of cancer-associated molecules, including various proteins, autoantibodies against tumor associated antigens, cell-free DNA fragments, mRNAs and various non-coding RNAs, circulating tumor cells and cancer-derived extracellular vesicles. Each type of these biomarkers provides different information on the disease status, has different advantages and disadvantages, and distinct clinical usefulness. In the current review, we summarize the recent developments in blood-based GC biomarker discovery, discuss the origin of various types of biomarkers and their clinical usefulness and the technological challenges in the development of biomarker assays for clinical use.
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41
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Boeckx N, Laer CV, Roover JD, Wilmsen B, Bruyninckx K, Pauwels S. Comparison of molecular responses based on BCR-ABL1% (IS) results from an in-house TaqMan-based qPCR versus Xpert(®) assay in CML patients on tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy. Acta Clin Belg 2015; 70:237-43. [PMID: 26166681 DOI: 10.1179/2295333715y.0000000009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have drastically changed the prospects for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients. The European LeukemiaNet (ELN) recommends molecular monitoring of BCR-ABL1 mRNA levels at distinct time points to define an optimal response, warning, or failure of treatment. METHODS Sixty-four follow-up peripheral blood samples from CML patients on TKI were tested by two methods. Molecular responses based on BCR-ABL1% (IS) from an Xpert(®) BCR-ABL1 Monitor assay were compared with TaqMan-based qPCR. RESULTS Seven samples showed 'molecularly undetectable leukaemia' by both methods (11%). In-house qPCR showed 57 BCR-ABL1+ samples; 45/57 samples (79%) were concordant for 'major molecular response' (MMR, n = 32) and 'no MMR' (n = 13) by both assays, whereas nine were BCR-ABL1 negative by Xpert(®). Identical molecular responses (i.e. 'optimal') were defined in 41 samples. Discordances seen in patients < 10 months on TKI (n = 2) had no impact on clinical management, whereas for patients >12 months on TKI, a different molecular response was defined ('warning' versus 'optimal'). Thirteen samples had 'no MMR' by both methods. 10/13 showed identical intervals (>10%(IS), 1-10%(IS) or 0·1-1%(IS)), corresponding to seven 'failures' and three 'warnings'. Discordant intervals were seen in 3/13 samples (all defined as 'failures'). Deep molecular responses (MR(4·0) or MR(5·0)) with detectable BCR-ABL1 showed some fluctuations between both methods, nevertheless, all had 'optimal' responses. 'Molecularly undetectable leukaemia' was observed more frequently by Xpert(®) (n = 16) as by our in-house assay (n = 7). DISCUSSION Based on current ELN recommendations, Xpert(®) BCR-ABL1 assay defines identical molecular responses as TaqMan-based qPCR BCR-ABL1% (IS) data in 98% (63/64) of samples.
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42
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Hornick NI, Huan J, Doron B, Goloviznina NA, Lapidus J, Chang BH, Kurre P. Serum Exosome MicroRNA as a Minimally-Invasive Early Biomarker of AML. Sci Rep 2015; 5:11295. [PMID: 26067326 PMCID: PMC4650871 DOI: 10.1038/srep11295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Relapse remains the major cause of mortality for patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). Improved tracking of minimal residual disease (MRD) holds the promise of timely treatment adjustments to preempt relapse. Current surveillance techniques detect circulating blasts that coincide with advanced disease and poorly reflect MRD during early relapse. Here, we investigate exosomes as a minimally invasive platform for a microRNA (miRNA) biomarker. We identify a set of miRNA enriched in AML exosomes and track levels of circulating exosome miRNA that distinguish leukemic xenografts from both non-engrafted and human CD34+ controls. We develop biostatistical models that reveal circulating exosomal miRNA at low marrow tumor burden and before circulating blasts can be detected. Remarkably, both leukemic blasts and marrow stroma contribute to serum exosome miRNA. We propose development of serum exosome miRNA as a platform for a novel, sensitive compartment biomarker for prospective tracking and early detection of AML recurrence.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Biomarkers, Tumor/blood
- Exosomes/metabolism
- HL-60 Cells
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/blood
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, SCID
- MicroRNAs/blood
- Neoplasms, Experimental/blood
- Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- RNA, Neoplasm/blood
- U937 Cells
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah I. Hornick
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
- Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
- Papé Family Pediatric Research Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Jianya Huan
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
- Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
- Papé Family Pediatric Research Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Ben Doron
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
- Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
- Papé Family Pediatric Research Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Natalya A. Goloviznina
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
- Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
- Papé Family Pediatric Research Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Jodi Lapidus
- Department of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Bill H. Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
- Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
- Papé Family Pediatric Research Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Peter Kurre
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
- Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
- Papé Family Pediatric Research Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
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43
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Umemura T, Kuroki C. [Circulating MicroRNAs as Biomarkers of Colorectal Cancer]. Rinsho Byori 2015; 63:336-346. [PMID: 26524857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is a common tumor in Japan, causing almost 50,000 deaths per year. The development of new biomarkers is strongly desired, in order to detect the early stage of colorectal cancer with high sensitivity and specificity, using less invasive and high through-put methods. miRNA is a small non-coding RNA which regulates gene expression by digesting mRNA or suppressing translation. miRNAs are stable and present in blood, urine, stool, and other body fluids. The profiles of miRNAs in body fluid are specific to pathological states. There is accumulating data showing the usefulness of miRNAs as new biomarkers for colorectal cancer. We summarize the current knowledge in the previous literature (10 plasma analyses: sensitivity: 83.3 to 89%, specificity: 41 to 84.7%, AUC: 0.606 to 0.896; 13 serum analyses: sensitivity: 66.7 to 96.4%, specificity: 63.9 to 88.1%, AUC: 0.679 to 0.918; and 8 fecal analyses: sensitivity: 70.9 to 81.8%, specificity: 68.4 to 96.3%, AUC: 0.64 to 0.829). We focus on the standardization of miRNA analysis, namely: 1) preanalytical processes: difference of miRNA levels between plasma and serum, sampling methods, preparation of plasma or serum, and preservation of samples; 2) analytical processes: mRNA extraction methods, amplification, normalizer, and cut-off values. In conclusion, miRNAs are expected to become new biomarkers for colorectal cancer screening.
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44
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Zhang R, Pang B, Xin T, Guo H, Xing Y, Xu S, Feng B, Liu B, Pang Q. Plasma miR-221/222 Family as Novel Descriptive and Prognostic Biomarkers for Glioma. Mol Neurobiol 2015; 53:1452-1460. [PMID: 25636684 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-014-9079-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Glioma, the most common type of primary central nervous system cancers, was progressive with poor survival. MicroRNA, as a novel biomarker, was suspected to be novel biomarkers for glioma diagnosis and prognosis. The study aimed at investigating the diagnostic and predictive value of miR-221/222 family for glioma. In the first phase, we compared plasma miR-221/222 family levels between 50 glioma patients and 51 healthy controls by real-time qRT-PCR amplification. Meanwhile, a meta-analysis based on published studies and presents study was performed to explore the diagnostic performance of miR-221/222 family in human cancers. In the second phase, we correlated the miR-221/222 family expression level with prognosis of glioma using Kaplan-Meier survival curves. The plasma miR-221/222 family levels were found to be significantly upregulated in glioma patients (P = 0.001). The ROC curve analysis yielded an AUC values of 0.84 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.74-0.93) for miR-221 and 0.92 (95% CI 0.87-0.94) for miR-222. In the meta-analysis, the summary receiver operating characteristic (sROC) was plotted with an AUC of 0.82 (95% CI 0.78-0.85) for miR-221/222 family. It was also demonstrated that high positive plasma miR-221 and miR-222 were both correlated with poor survival rate (miR-221: HR = 2.13; 95% CI, 1.05-4.31; miR-222: HR = 2.09; 95% CI, 1.00-4.37). This study demonstrated that the detection of the miRNA-221/222 family should be considered as a new additional tool to better characterize glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, No.324 Jingwu Rd, Jinan, 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Pang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, No.107 Wenhuaxi Rd, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Xin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, No.324 Jingwu Rd, Jinan, 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, No.324 Jingwu Rd, Jinan, 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Xing
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, No.324 Jingwu Rd, Jinan, 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Shangchen Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, No.324 Jingwu Rd, Jinan, 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, No.324 Jingwu Rd, Jinan, 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, No.324 Jingwu Rd, Jinan, 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Pang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, No.324 Jingwu Rd, Jinan, 250021, People's Republic of China.
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45
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Vlasov VV, Rykova EI, Ponomareva AA, Zaporozhchenko IA, Morozkin ES, Cherdyntseva NV, Laktionov PP. [Circulating microRNAs in lung cancer: prospects for diagnostics, prognosis and prediction of antitumor treatment efficiency]. Mol Biol (Mosk) 2015; 49:55-66. [PMID: 25916110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The major methods of microRNA extraction from different biological fluids (particularly, serum and plasma), approaches to the analysis of microRNA concentration and composition, normalization methods used in data analysis are outlined in the review. The advantages and disadvantages of the described methodological approaches are being highlighted. Special attention is given to microRNAs, circulating in blood, which could be used as the markers for minimally invasive lung cancer diagnostics, prediction of antitumor treatment efficiency and disease prognosis. Prospects and limitations arising from the evaluation of clinical significance of microRNAs as the potential tumor markers, and emerging as roles of various microRNAs in the pathogenesis of lung cancer become known, are discussed.
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46
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Skondra M, Gkioka E, Kostakis ID, Pissimissis N, Lembessis P, Pectasides D, Koutsilieris M. Detection of circulating tumor cells in breast cancer patients using multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and specific primers for MGB, PTHRP and KRT19 correlation with clinicopathological features. Anticancer Res 2014; 34:6691-6699. [PMID: 25368276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to correlate the clinicopathological features of breast cancer patients with the positive detection of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHRP), cytokeratin protein 19 (KRT19) and mammaglobin (MGB) using a multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay developed to detect circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in peripheral blood of patients with breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Peripheral blood samples were collected from 54 breast cancer patients and 20 healthy blood donors. Subsequently, the samples were processed for RNA extraction and analyzed for the expression of PTHRP, KRT19 and MGB using specific primers and multiplex RT-PCR. RESULTS The positive detection rates in breast cancer patients for PTHRP, KRT19 and MGB were 68.5%, 63% and 22.2% and for healthy donors 10%, 0% and 10%, respectively. The statistical analysis revealed that PTHRP- and KRT19-positive detections correlated with the diagnosis of breast cancer while the combined positive detections of PTHRP-plus-KRT19 correlated with the presence of distant metastasis, especially with bone metastasis. Moreover, positive detections of KRT19 correlated with high proliferation rate of breast cancer tumors. MGB-positive detections did not add any diagnostic advantage in such analysis. CONCLUSION Multiplex-PCR based detection of CTCs using PTHRP and KRT19 primers can provide useful information for the disease.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Biomarkers, Tumor
- Bone Neoplasms/blood
- Bone Neoplasms/genetics
- Bone Neoplasms/secondary
- Breast Neoplasms/blood
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/blood
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/genetics
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/secondary
- Carcinoma, Lobular/blood
- Carcinoma, Lobular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Lobular/secondary
- Case-Control Studies
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Humans
- Keratin-19/genetics
- Lymphatic Metastasis
- Mammaglobin A/genetics
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Grading
- Neoplasm Staging
- Neoplastic Cells, Circulating/pathology
- Prognosis
- RNA, Messenger/blood
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Neoplasm/blood
- RNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- Receptor, Parathyroid Hormone, Type 1/genetics
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Skondra
- Department of Experimental Physiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece Second Department of Internal Medicine University of Athens, Hippokratio Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Eliona Gkioka
- Department of Experimental Physiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis D Kostakis
- Second Department of Propedeutic Surgery National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Pissimissis
- Department of Experimental Physiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Lembessis
- Department of Experimental Physiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Pectasides
- Second Department of Internal Medicine University of Athens, Hippokratio Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Michael Koutsilieris
- Department of Experimental Physiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
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47
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Kondratova VN, Botezatu IV, Shelepov VP, Likhtenshtein AV. [Transcripts of satellite DNA in blood plasma: probable markers of tumor growth]. Mol Biol (Mosk) 2014; 48:999-1007. [PMID: 25845241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A recent study of human normal and tumor tissues revealed a high transcriptional activity of pericentromeric satellite DNA repeats (they produce half of all transcripts in tumor cells that is many times higher than in normal ones). It was found also that the two subtypes of satellite DNA (HSATII and GSATII) are transcribed reciprocally, i.e. there is a sharp prevalence of HSATII transcription in tumors, while GSATII transcription prevails in the corresponding normal tissues. As different RNAs are present in blood plasma, and some of them serve as effectivetumor markers, we attempted for the first time to evaluate satellite HSATII and GSATII RNAs in the blood plasma of healthy donors and cancer patients. The RT-PCR protocol designed for this purpose allowed us to detect transcripts of both HSATII and GSATII repeats. As it has been shown, HSATII transcripts are more abundant than GSATII ones in plasma of healthy donors and vice versa in plasma of cancer patients; these ratios being diametrically opposed to those that exist within the cells. Some suggestions concerning origins of circulating satellite RNAs and their probable role as tumor markers are discussed.
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MESH Headings
- Biomarkers, Tumor/blood
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Colonic Neoplasms/blood
- Colonic Neoplasms/genetics
- Colonic Neoplasms/pathology
- DNA, Neoplasm/blood
- DNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- DNA, Satellite/blood
- DNA, Satellite/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- MCF-7 Cells
- RNA, Messenger/blood
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Neoplasm/blood
- RNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Transcription, Genetic
- Tumor Microenvironment/genetics
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48
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Kanwar SS, Dunlay CJ, Simeone DM, Nagrath S. Microfluidic device (ExoChip) for on-chip isolation, quantification and characterization of circulating exosomes. Lab Chip 2014; 14:1891-900. [PMID: 24722878 PMCID: PMC4134440 DOI: 10.1039/c4lc00136b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 422] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Membrane bound vesicles, including microvesicles and exosomes, are secreted by both normal and cancerous cells into the extracellular space and in blood circulation. These circulating extracellular vesicles (cirEVs) and exosomes in particular are recognized as a potential source of disease biomarkers. However, to exploit the use of circulatory exosomes as a biomarker, a rapid, high-throughput and reproducible method is required for their isolation and molecular analysis. We have developed a simple, low cost microfluidic-based platform to isolate cirEVs enriched in exosomes directly from blood serum allowing simultaneous capture and quantification of exosomes in a single device. To capture specific exosomes, we employed "ExoChip", a microfluidic device fabricated in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and functionalized with antibodies against CD63, an antigen commonly overexpressed in exosomes. Subsequent staining with a fluorescent carbocyanine dye (DiO) that specifically labels the exosomes, we quantitated exosomes using a standard plate-reader. Ten independent ExoChip experiments performed using serum obtained from five pancreatic cancer patients and five healthy individuals revealed a statistically significant increase (2.34 ± 0.31 fold, p < 0.001) in exosomes captured in cancer patients when compared to healthy individuals. Exosomal origins of ExoChip immobilized vesicles were further confirmed using immuno-electron-microscopy and Western blotting. In addition, we demonstrate the ability of ExoChip to recover exosomes with intact RNA enabling profiling of exosomal-microRNAs through openarray analysis, which has potential applications in biomarker discovery. Based on our findings, ExoChip is a well suited platform to be used as an exosome-based diagnostic and research tool for molecular screening of human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailender Singh Kanwar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering University of Michigan, 2300 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan-48109, USA.
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49
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Maio GD, Rengucci C, Zoli W, Calistri D. Circulating and stool nucleic acid analysis for colorectal cancer diagnosis. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:957-67. [PMID: 24574768 PMCID: PMC3921547 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i4.957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Revised: 12/05/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the need to identify molecular markers characterized by high sensitivity and specificity in detecting and monitoring early and colorectal cancer lesions has increased. Up to now, none of the markers or panels of markers analyzed have met the rigorous standards required of a screening program. The important discovery of circulating nucleic acids in biological fluids has aroused intense scientific interest because of their usefulness in malignant and non malignant diseases. Over time, their yield and stability have been identified and compared with other "standard" biomarkers. The analysis of circulating DNA from blood and stool is a relatively simple and non-invasive procedure, representing a very attractive marker to detect genetic and epigenetic mutations and to monitor disease progression. A correlation between blood and stool biomarkers could also help to enhance currently available diagnostic approaches. However, various processing and analytic problems need to be resolved before such an approach can be applied in clinical practice.
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Forner A, Liccioni A, Reig ME. [Are alpha-fetoprotein and other markers useful in the diagnosis and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma?]. Gastroenterol Hepatol 2014; 37:17-20. [PMID: 24332662 DOI: 10.1016/j.gastrohep.2013.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Forner
- Unidad de Oncología Hepática, Servicio de Hepatología, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, España; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd).
| | - Alexandre Liccioni
- Unidad de Oncología Hepática, Servicio de Hepatología, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, España
| | - María E Reig
- Unidad de Oncología Hepática, Servicio de Hepatología, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, España; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd)
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