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Sharma N, Maciejczyk M, Hall D, Li W, Liégeois V, Beljonne D, Olivier Y, Robertson N, Samuel IDW, Zysman-Colman E. Spiro-Based Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters with Reduced Nonradiative Decay for High-Quantum-Efficiency, Low-Roll-Off, Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:44628-44640. [PMID: 34516084 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c12234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report the use of spiro-configured fluorene-xanthene scaffolds as a novel, promising, and effective strategy in thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitter design to attain high photoluminescence quantum yields (ΦPL), short delayed luminescence lifetime, high external quantum efficiency (EQE), and minimum efficiency roll-off characteristics in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). The optoelectronic and electroluminescence properties of SFX (spiro-(fluorene-9,9'-xanthene))-based emitters (SFX-PO-DPA, SFX-PO-DPA-Me, and SFX-PO-DPA-OMe) were investigated both theoretically and experimentally. All three emitters exhibited sky blue to green emission enabled by a Herzberg-Teller mechanism in the excited state. They possess short excited-state delayed lifetimes (<10 μs), high photoluminescence quantum yields (ΦPL ∼ 70%), and small singlet-triplet splitting energies (ΔEST < 0.10 eV) in the doped films in an mCP host matrix. The OLEDs showed some of the highest EQEs using spiro-containing emitters where maximum external quantum efficiencies (EQEmax) of 11 and 16% were obtained for devices using SFX-PO-DPA and SFX-PO-DPA-OMe, respectively. Further, a record EQEmax of 23% for a spiro-based emitter coupled with a low efficiency roll-off (19% at 100 cd m-2) was attained with SFX-PO-DPA-Me.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Sharma
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews KY16 9SS, U.K
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, Fife, St Andrews KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Michal Maciejczyk
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh King's Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, U.K
| | - David Hall
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, Fife, St Andrews KY16 9ST, U.K
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc 20, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Wenbo Li
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews KY16 9SS, U.K
| | - Vincent Liégeois
- Unité de Chimie Physique Théorique et Structurale, Namur Institute of Structured Matter (NISM), Université de Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, 5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc 20, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Yoann Olivier
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc 20, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
- Unité de Chimie Physique Théorique et Structurale & Laboratoire de Physique du Solide, Namur Institute of Structured Matter (NISM), Université de Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, 5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Neil Robertson
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh King's Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, U.K
| | - Ifor D W Samuel
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews KY16 9SS, U.K
| | - Eli Zysman-Colman
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, Fife, St Andrews KY16 9ST, U.K
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Baisinger L, Andrés Castán JM, Simón Marqués P, Londi G, Göhler C, Deibel C, Beljonne D, Cabanetos C, Blanchard P, Benduhn J, Spoltore D, Leo K. Reducing Non-Radiative Voltage Losses by Methylation of Push-Pull Molecular Donors in Organic Solar Cells. ChemSusChem 2021; 14:3622-3631. [PMID: 34111333 PMCID: PMC8518810 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202100799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Organic solar cells are approaching power conversion efficiencies of other thin-film technologies. However, in order to become truly market competitive, the still substantial voltage losses need to be reduced. Here, the synthesis and characterization of four novel arylamine-based push-pull molecular donors was described, two of them exhibiting a methyl group at the para-position of the external phenyl ring of the arylamine block. Assessing the charge-transfer state properties and the effects of methylation on the open-circuit voltage of the device showed that devices based on methylated versions of the molecular donors exhibited reduced voltage losses due to decreased non-radiative recombination. Modelling suggested that methylation resulted in a tighter interaction between donor and acceptor molecules, turning into a larger oscillator strength to the charge-transfer states, thereby ensuing reduced non-radiative decay rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukasz Baisinger
- Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP) and Institute for Applied PhysicsTechnische Universität DresdenNöthnitzer Str. 6101187DresdenGermany
| | | | - Pablo Simón Marqués
- UNIV AngersCNRS, MOLTECH-AnjouSFR MATRIX2 bd Lavoisier49045ANGERS CedexFrance
| | - Giacomo Londi
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel MaterialsUniversity of MonsPlace du Parc, 207000MonsBelgium
| | - Clemens Göhler
- Institut für PhysikTechnische Universität ChemnitzReichenhainer Str. 7009126ChemnitzGermany
| | - Carsten Deibel
- Institut für PhysikTechnische Universität ChemnitzReichenhainer Str. 7009126ChemnitzGermany
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel MaterialsUniversity of MonsPlace du Parc, 207000MonsBelgium
| | - Clément Cabanetos
- UNIV AngersCNRS, MOLTECH-AnjouSFR MATRIX2 bd Lavoisier49045ANGERS CedexFrance
| | - Philippe Blanchard
- UNIV AngersCNRS, MOLTECH-AnjouSFR MATRIX2 bd Lavoisier49045ANGERS CedexFrance
| | - Johannes Benduhn
- Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP) and Institute for Applied PhysicsTechnische Universität DresdenNöthnitzer Str. 6101187DresdenGermany
| | - Donato Spoltore
- Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP) and Institute for Applied PhysicsTechnische Universität DresdenNöthnitzer Str. 6101187DresdenGermany
| | - Karl Leo
- Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP) and Institute for Applied PhysicsTechnische Universität DresdenNöthnitzer Str. 6101187DresdenGermany
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53
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Prodhan S, Giannini S, Wang L, Beljonne D. Long-Range Interactions Boost Singlet Exciton Diffusion in Nanofibers of π-Extended Polymer Chains. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:8188-8193. [PMID: 34415752 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c02275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Raising the distance covered by singlet excitons during their lifetimes to values maximizing light absorption (a few hundred nm) would solve the exciton diffusion bottleneck issue and lift the constraint for fine (∼10 nm) phase segregation in bulk heterojunction organic solar cells. In that context, the recent report of highly ordered conjugated polymer nanofibers featuring singlet exciton diffusion length, LD, in excess of 300 nm is both appealing and intriguing [Jin, X.; et al. Science 2018, 360 (6391), 897-900]. Here, on the basis of nonadiabatic molecular dynamics simulations, we demonstrate that singlet exciton diffusion in poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) fibers is highly sensitive to the interplay between delocalization along the polymer chains and long-range interactions along the stacks. Remarkably, the diffusion coefficient is predicted to rocket by 3 orders of magnitude when going beyond nearest-neighbor intermolecular interactions in fibers of extended (30-mer) polymer chains and to be resilient to interchain energetic and positional disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suryoday Prodhan
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Mons 7000, Belgium
| | - Samuele Giannini
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Mons 7000, Belgium
| | - Linjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Mons 7000, Belgium
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Wang Y, Iglesias D, Gali SM, Beljonne D, Samorì P. Light-Programmable Logic-in-Memory in 2D Semiconductors Enabled by Supramolecular Functionalization: Photoresponsive Collective Effect of Aligned Molecular Dipoles. ACS Nano 2021; 15:13732-13741. [PMID: 34370431 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c05167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, the unrelenting growth of the digital universe calls for radically novel strategies for data processing and storage. An extremely promising and powerful approach relies on the development of logic-in-memory (LiM) devices through the use of floating gate and ferroelectric technologies to write and erase data in a memory operating as a logic gate driven by electrical bias. In this work, we report an alternative approach to realize the logic-in-memory based on two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) where multiple memorized logic output states have been established via the interface with responsive molecular dipoles arranged in supramolecular arrays. The collective dynamic molecular dipole changes of the axial ligand coordinated onto self-assembled metal phthalocyanine nanostructures on the surface of 2D TMD enables large reversible modulation of the Fermi level of both n-type molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and p-type tungsten diselenide (WSe2) field-effect transistors (FETs), to achieve multiple memory states by programming and erasing with ultraviolet (UV) and with visible light, respectively. As a result, logic-in-memory devices were built up with our supramolecular layer/2D TMD architecture where the output logic is encoded by the motion of the molecular dipoles. Our strategy relying on the dynamic control of the 2D electronics by harnessing the functions of molecular-dipole-induced memory in a supramolecular hybrid layer represents a versatile way to integrate the functional programmability of molecular science into the next generation nanoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Wang
- University of Strasbourg,CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Daniel Iglesias
- University of Strasbourg,CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Sai Manoj Gali
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Université de Mons, Place du Parc 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Université de Mons, Place du Parc 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Paolo Samorì
- University of Strasbourg,CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
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55
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Tanaka H, Oda S, Ricci G, Gotoh H, Tabata K, Kawasumi R, Beljonne D, Olivier Y, Hatakeyama T. Hypsochromic Shift of Multiple-Resonance-Induced Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence by Oxygen Atom Incorporation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:17910-17914. [PMID: 34038618 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202105032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we reported an ultrapure blue multiple-resonance-induced thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF) material (ν-DABNA-O-Me) with a high photoluminescence quantum yield and a large rate constant for reverse intersystem crossing. Because of restricted π-conjugation of the HOMO rather than the LUMO induced by oxygen atom incorporation, ν-DABNA-O-Me shows a hypsochromic shift compared to the parent MR-TADF material (ν-DABNA). An organic light-emitting diode based on this material exhibits an emission at 465 nm, with a small full-width at half-maximum of 23 nm and Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage coordinates of (0.13, 0.10), and a high maximum external quantum efficiency of 29.5 %. Moreover, ν-DABNA-O-Me facilitates a drastically improved efficiency roll-off and a device lifetime compared to ν-DABNA, which demonstrates significant potential of the oxygen atom incorporation strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1337, Japan
- JNC Petrochemical Corporation, 5-1 Goi Kaigan, Ichihara, Chiba, 290-8551, Japan
| | - Susumu Oda
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1337, Japan
| | - Gaetano Ricci
- Unité de Chimie Physique Théorique et Structurale & Laboratoire de Physique du Solide, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, Université de Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, 5000, Namur, Belgium
| | - Hajime Gotoh
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1337, Japan
| | - Keita Tabata
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1337, Japan
- JNC Petrochemical Corporation, 5-1 Goi Kaigan, Ichihara, Chiba, 290-8551, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kawasumi
- JNC Petrochemical Corporation, 5-1 Goi Kaigan, Ichihara, Chiba, 290-8551, Japan
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Université de Mons, Place du Parc 20, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Yoann Olivier
- Unité de Chimie Physique Théorique et Structurale & Laboratoire de Physique du Solide, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, Université de Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, 5000, Namur, Belgium
| | - Takuji Hatakeyama
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1337, Japan
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56
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Sneyd AJ, Fukui T, Paleček D, Prodhan S, Wagner I, Zhang Y, Sung J, Collins SM, Slater TJA, Andaji-Garmaroudi Z, MacFarlane LR, Garcia-Hernandez JD, Wang L, Whittell GR, Hodgkiss JM, Chen K, Beljonne D, Manners I, Friend RH, Rao A. Efficient energy transport in an organic semiconductor mediated by transient exciton delocalization. Sci Adv 2021; 7:7/32/eabh4232. [PMID: 34348902 PMCID: PMC8336960 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abh4232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Efficient energy transport is desirable in organic semiconductor (OSC) devices. However, photogenerated excitons in OSC films mostly occupy highly localized states, limiting exciton diffusion coefficients to below ~10-2 cm2/s and diffusion lengths below ~50 nm. We use ultrafast optical microscopy and nonadiabatic molecular dynamics simulations to study well-ordered poly(3-hexylthiophene) nanofiber films prepared using living crystallization-driven self-assembly, and reveal a highly efficient energy transport regime: transient exciton delocalization, where energy exchange with vibrational modes allows excitons to temporarily re-access spatially extended states under equilibrium conditions. We show that this enables exciton diffusion constants up to 1.1 ± 0.1 cm2/s and diffusion lengths of 300 ± 50 nm. Our results reveal the dynamic interplay between localized and delocalized exciton configurations at equilibrium conditions, calling for a re-evaluation of exciton dynamics and suggesting design rules to engineer efficient energy transport in OSC device architectures not based on restrictive bulk heterojunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Sneyd
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Tomoya Fukui
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
| | - David Paleček
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Suryoday Prodhan
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Mons 7000, Belgium
| | - Isabella Wagner
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology and School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6010, New Zealand
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Jooyoung Sung
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Sean M Collins
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering and School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Thomas J A Slater
- Electron Physical Science Imaging Centre, Diamond Light Source Ltd., Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, UK
| | | | - Liam R MacFarlane
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
| | - J Diego Garcia-Hernandez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Linjun Wang
- Center for Chemistry of Novel & High-Performance Materials, and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | | | - Justin M Hodgkiss
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology and School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6010, New Zealand
| | - Kai Chen
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology and School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6010, New Zealand
- Robinson Research Institute, Faculty of Engineering, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
- The Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Mons 7000, Belgium.
| | - Ian Manners
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada.
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Richard H Friend
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Akshay Rao
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK.
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57
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Tanaka H, Oda S, Ricci G, Gotoh H, Tabata K, Kawasumi R, Beljonne D, Olivier Y, Hatakeyama T. Hypsochromic Shift of Multiple‐Resonance‐Induced Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence by Oxygen Atom Incorporation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202105032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry School of Science and Technology Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
- JNC Petrochemical Corporation 5-1 Goi Kaigan Ichihara Chiba 290-8551 Japan
| | - Susumu Oda
- Department of Chemistry School of Science and Technology Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Gaetano Ricci
- Unité de Chimie Physique Théorique et Structurale & Laboratoire de Physique du Solide Namur Institute of Structured Matter Université de Namur Rue de Bruxelles, 61 5000 Namur Belgium
| | - Hajime Gotoh
- Department of Chemistry School of Science and Technology Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Keita Tabata
- Department of Chemistry School of Science and Technology Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
- JNC Petrochemical Corporation 5-1 Goi Kaigan Ichihara Chiba 290-8551 Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kawasumi
- JNC Petrochemical Corporation 5-1 Goi Kaigan Ichihara Chiba 290-8551 Japan
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials Université de Mons Place du Parc 20 7000 Mons Belgium
| | - Yoann Olivier
- Unité de Chimie Physique Théorique et Structurale & Laboratoire de Physique du Solide Namur Institute of Structured Matter Université de Namur Rue de Bruxelles, 61 5000 Namur Belgium
| | - Takuji Hatakeyama
- Department of Chemistry School of Science and Technology Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
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58
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Wang H, Wang Y, Ni Z, Turetta N, Gali SM, Peng H, Yao Y, Chen Y, Janica I, Beljonne D, Hu W, Ciesielski A, Samorì P. 2D MXene-Molecular Hybrid Additive for High-Performance Ambipolar Polymer Field-Effect Transistors and Logic Gates. Adv Mater 2021; 33:e2008215. [PMID: 33844869 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202008215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
MXenes are highly conductive layered materials that are attracting a great interest for high-performance opto-electronics, photonics, and energy applications.. Their non-covalent functionalization with ad hoc molecules enables the production of stable inks of 2D flakes to be processed in thin-films. Here, the formation of stable dispersions via the intercalation of Ti3 C2 Tx with didecyldimethyl ammonium bromide (DDAB) yielding Ti3 C2 Tx -DDAB, is demonstrated. Such functionalization modulates the properties of Ti3 C2 Tx , as evidenced by a 0.47 eV decrease of the work function. It is also shown that DDAB is a powerful n-dopant capable of enhancing electron mobility in conjugated polymers and 2D materials. When Ti3 C2 Tx -DDAB is blended with poly(diketopyrrolopyrrole-co-selenophene) [(PDPP-Se)], a simultaneous increase by 170% and 152% of the hole and electron field-effect mobilities, respectively, is observed, compared to the neat conjugated polymer, with values reaching 2.0 cm2 V-1 s-1 . By exploiting the balanced ambipolar transport of the Ti3 C2 Tx -DDAB/PDPP-Se hybrid, complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) logic gates are fabricated that display well-centered trip points and good noise margin (64.6% for inverter). The results demonstrate that intercalant engineering represents an efficient strategy to tune the electronic properties of Ti3 C2 Tx yielding functionalized MXenes for polymer transistors with unprecedented performances and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanlin Wang
- Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires, University of Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Ye Wang
- Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires, University of Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Zhenjie Ni
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, P. R. China
| | - Nicholas Turetta
- Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires, University of Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Sai Manoj Gali
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Mons, 7000, Belgium
| | - Haijun Peng
- Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires, University of Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Yifan Yao
- Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires, University of Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Yusheng Chen
- Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires, University of Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Iwona Janica
- Center for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, Poznań, 61614, Poland
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, Poznań, 61614, Poland
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Mons, 7000, Belgium
| | - Wenping Hu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Artur Ciesielski
- Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires, University of Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, Strasbourg, 67000, France
- Center for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, Poznań, 61614, Poland
| | - Paolo Samorì
- Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires, University of Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, Strasbourg, 67000, France
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59
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Marqués PS, Londi G, Yurash B, Nguyen TQ, Barlow S, Marder SR, Beljonne D. Understanding how Lewis acids dope organic semiconductors: a "complex" story. Chem Sci 2021; 12:7012-7022. [PMID: 34123329 PMCID: PMC8153436 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc01268a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
We report on computational studies of the potential of three borane Lewis acids (LAs) (B(C6F5)3 (BCF), BF3, and BBr3) to form stable adducts and/or to generate positive polarons with three different semiconducting π-conjugated polymers (PFPT, PCPDTPT and PCPDTBT). Density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) calculations based on range-separated hybrid (RSH) functionals provide insight into changes in the electronic structure and optical properties upon adduct formation between LAs and the two polymers containing pyridine moieties, PFPT and PCPDTPT, unravelling the complex interplay between partial hybridization, charge transfer and changes in the polymer backbone conformation. We then assess the potential of BCF to induce p-doping in PCPDTBT, which does not contain pyridine groups, by computing the energetics of various reaction mechanisms proposed in the literature. We find that reaction of BCF(OH2) to form protonated PCPDTBT and [BCF(OH)]-, followed by electron transfer from a pristine to a protonated PCPDTBT chain is highly endergonic, and thus unlikely at low doping concentration. The theoretical and experimental data can, however, be reconciled if one considers the formation of [BCF(OH)BCF]- or [BCF(OH)(OH2)BCF]- counterions rather than [BCF(OH)]- and invokes subsequent reactions resulting in the elimination of H2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Simón Marqués
- Laboratoire MOLTECH-Anjou, UMR CNRS 6200, UNIV Angers, SFR MATRIX 2 Bd Lavoisier 49045 Angers Cedex France
| | - Giacomo Londi
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons Place du Parc, 20 7000 Mons Belgium
| | - Brett Yurash
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara California 93106 USA
| | - Thuc-Quyen Nguyen
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara California 93106 USA
| | - Stephen Barlow
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta Georgia 30332-0400 USA
| | - Seth R Marder
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta Georgia 30332-0400 USA
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons Place du Parc, 20 7000 Mons Belgium
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60
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Yao X, Zheng W, Osella S, Qiu Z, Fu S, Schollmeyer D, Müller B, Beljonne D, Bonn M, Wang HI, Müllen K, Narita A. Synthesis of Nonplanar Graphene Nanoribbon with Fjord Edges. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:5654-5658. [PMID: 33825484 PMCID: PMC8154539 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c01882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
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As a new family of
semiconductors, graphene nanoribbons (GNRs),
nanometer-wide strips of graphene, have appeared as promising candidates
for next-generation nanoelectronics. Out-of-plane deformation of π-frames
in GNRs brings further opportunities for optical and electronic property
tuning. Here we demonstrate a novel fjord-edged GNR (FGNR) with a nonplanar geometry obtained by regioselective cyclodehydrogenation.
Triphenanthro-fused teropyrene 1 and pentaphenanthro-fused
quateropyrene 2 were synthesized as model compounds,
and single-crystal X-ray analysis revealed their helically twisted
conformations arising from the [5]helicene substructures. The structures
and photophysical properties of FGNR were investigated
by mass spectrometry and UV–vis, FT-IR, terahertz, and Raman
spectroscopic analyses combined with theoretical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelin Yao
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Wenhao Zheng
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Silvio Osella
- Chemical and Biological Systems Simulation Lab, Center of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zijie Qiu
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Shuai Fu
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Dieter Schollmeyer
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Beate Müller
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Université de Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Mischa Bonn
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Hai I Wang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany.,Institute for Physical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Akimitsu Narita
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany.,Organic and Carbon Nanomaterials Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
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61
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Xiao M, Carey RL, Chen H, Jiao X, Lemaur V, Schott S, Nikolka M, Jellett C, Sadhanala A, Rogers S, Senanayak SP, Onwubiko A, Han S, Zhang Z, Abdi-Jalebi M, Zhang Y, Thomas TH, Mahmoudi N, Lai L, Selezneva E, Ren X, Nguyen M, Wang Q, Jacobs I, Yue W, McNeill CR, Liu G, Beljonne D, McCulloch I, Sirringhaus H. Charge transport physics of a unique class of rigid-rod conjugated polymers with fused-ring conjugated units linked by double carbon-carbon bonds. Sci Adv 2021; 7:eabe5280. [PMID: 33910909 PMCID: PMC8081371 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abe5280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the charge transport physics of a previously unidentified class of electron-deficient conjugated polymers that do not contain any single bonds linking monomer units along the backbone but only double-bond linkages. Such polymers would be expected to behave as rigid rods, but little is known about their actual chain conformations and electronic structure. Here, we present a detailed study of the structural and charge transport properties of a family of four such polymers. By adopting a copolymer design, we achieve high electron mobilities up to 0.5 cm2 V-1 s-1 Field-induced electron spin resonance measurements of charge dynamics provide evidence for relatively slow hopping over, however, long distances. Our work provides important insights into the factors that limit charge transport in this unique class of polymers and allows us to identify molecular design strategies for achieving even higher levels of performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfei Xiao
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Remington L Carey
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Hu Chen
- KSC, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xuechen Jiao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Australian Synchrotron, 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Vincent Lemaur
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, BE-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Sam Schott
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Mark Nikolka
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Cameron Jellett
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Aditya Sadhanala
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
- Centre for Nano Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Sarah Rogers
- ISIS Pulsed Neutron Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Satyaprasad P Senanayak
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
- School of Physical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - Ada Onwubiko
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Sanyang Han
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Zhilong Zhang
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Mojtaba Abdi-Jalebi
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
- Institute for Materials Discovery, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - Youcheng Zhang
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Tudor H Thomas
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Najet Mahmoudi
- ISIS Pulsed Neutron Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Lianglun Lai
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
- Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Ekaterina Selezneva
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Xinglong Ren
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Malgorzata Nguyen
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Qijing Wang
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Ian Jacobs
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Wan Yue
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Christopher R McNeill
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Guoming Liu
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, BE-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Iain McCulloch
- KSC, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Henning Sirringhaus
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK.
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62
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Stoeckel MA, Olivier Y, Gobbi M, Dudenko D, Lemaur V, Zbiri M, Guilbert AAY, D'Avino G, Liscio F, Migliori A, Ortolani L, Demitri N, Jin X, Jeong YG, Liscio A, Nardi MV, Pasquali L, Razzari L, Beljonne D, Samorì P, Orgiu E. Analysis of External and Internal Disorder to Understand Band-Like Transport in n-Type Organic Semiconductors. Adv Mater 2021; 33:e2007870. [PMID: 33629772 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202007870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Charge transport in organic semiconductors is notoriously extremely sensitive to the presence of disorder, both internal and external (i.e., related to interactions with the dielectric layer), especially for n-type materials. Internal dynamic disorder stems from large thermal fluctuations both in intermolecular transfer integrals and (molecular) site energies in weakly interacting van der Waals solids and sources transient localization of the charge carriers. The molecular vibrations that drive transient localization typically operate at low-frequency (<a-few-hundred cm-1 ), which makes it difficult to assess them experimentally. Hitherto, this has prevented the identification of clear molecular design rules to control and reduce dynamic disorder. In addition, the disorder can also be external, being controlled by the gate insulator dielectric properties. Here a comprehensive study of charge transport in two closely related n-type molecular organic semiconductors using a combination of temperature-dependent inelastic neutron scattering and photoelectron spectroscopy corroborated by electrical measurements, theory, and simulations is reported. Unambiguous evidence that ad hoc molecular design enables the electron charge carriers to be freed from both internal and external disorder to ultimately reach band-like electron transport is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc-Antoine Stoeckel
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Yoann Olivier
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc, 20, Mons, B-7000, Belgium
| | - Marco Gobbi
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Dmytro Dudenko
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc, 20, Mons, B-7000, Belgium
| | - Vincent Lemaur
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc, 20, Mons, B-7000, Belgium
| | - Mohamed Zbiri
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Anne A Y Guilbert
- Centre for Plastic Electronics and Department of Physics, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Gabriele D'Avino
- Grenoble Alpes University, CNRS Grenoble INP, Institut Néel, 25 rue des Martyrs, Grenoble, 38042, France
| | - Fabiola Liscio
- CNR - IMM Sezione di Bologna, Via P. Gobetti 101, Bologna, 40129, Italy
| | - Andrea Migliori
- CNR - IMM Sezione di Bologna, Via P. Gobetti 101, Bologna, 40129, Italy
| | - Luca Ortolani
- CNR - IMM Sezione di Bologna, Via P. Gobetti 101, Bologna, 40129, Italy
| | - Nicola Demitri
- Elettra - Sincrotrone Trieste, S.S. 14 Km 163.5 in Area Science Park, Basovizza, Trieste, I-34149, Italy
| | - Xin Jin
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, 1650 Blv. Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Québec, J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - Young-Gyun Jeong
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, 1650 Blv. Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Québec, J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - Andrea Liscio
- CNR - Institute for Microelectronic and Microsystems (IMM) Section of Roma-CNR, Via del fosso del cavaliere 100, Roma, 00133, Italy
| | - Marco-Vittorio Nardi
- Istituto dei Materiali per l'Elettronica ed il Magnetismo, IMEM-CNR, Sezione di Trento, Via alla Cascata 56/C, Povo, Trento, 38100, Italy
| | - Luca Pasquali
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali, IOM-CNR, s.s. 14, Km. 163.5 in AREA Science Park, Basovizza, Trieste, 34149, Italy
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria E. Ferrari, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, via Vivarelli 10, Modena, 41125, Italy
- Department of Physics, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa
| | - Luca Razzari
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, 1650 Blv. Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Québec, J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc, 20, Mons, B-7000, Belgium
| | - Paolo Samorì
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Emanuele Orgiu
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, Strasbourg, 67000, France
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, 1650 Blv. Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Québec, J3X 1S2, Canada
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63
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Marchal N, Mosconi E, García-Espejo G, Almutairi TM, Quarti C, Beljonne D, De Angelis F. Cation Engineering for Resonant Energy Level Alignment in Two-Dimensional Lead Halide Perovskites. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:2528-2535. [PMID: 33683137 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c03843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Low-dimensional metal halide perovskites are being intensively investigated because of their higher stability and chemical versatility in comparison to their 3D counterparts. Unfortunately, this comes at the expense of the electronic and charge transport properties, limited by the reduced perovskite dimensionality. Cation engineering can be envisaged as a solution to tune and possibly further improve the material's optoelectronic properties. In this work, we screen and design new electronically active A-site cations that can promote charge transport across the inorganic layers. We show that hybridization of the valence band electronic states of the perovskite inorganic sublattice and the highest occupied molecular orbitals of the A-site organic cations can be tuned to exhibit a variety of optoelectronic properties. A significant interplay of A-cation size, electronic structure, and steric constraints is revealed, suggesting intriguing means of further tuning the 2D perovskite electronic structure toward achieving stable and efficient solar cell devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadège Marchal
- Computational Laboratory for Hybrid/Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO), Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "Giulio Natta" (CNR-SCITEC), Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc, 20, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Edoardo Mosconi
- Computational Laboratory for Hybrid/Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO), Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "Giulio Natta" (CNR-SCITEC), Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Gonzalo García-Espejo
- Departamento de Química Física, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Química Fina y Nanoquímica, IUQFN, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Marie Curie, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Tahani M Almutairi
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Claudio Quarti
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc, 20, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc, 20, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Filippo De Angelis
- Computational Laboratory for Hybrid/Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO), Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "Giulio Natta" (CNR-SCITEC), Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
- CompuNet, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
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64
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Quintano V, Diez-Cabanes V, Dell’Elce S, Di Mario L, Pelli Cresi S, Paladini A, Beljonne D, Liscio A, Palermo V. Measurement of the conformational switching of azobenzenes from the macro- to attomolar scale in self-assembled 2D and 3D nanostructures. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:11698-11708. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cp00740h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We compare the cis–trans conformational switching of commercial azobenzene molecules in different chemical environments, ranging from isolated molecules in liquid to attomolar-2D and macro-scale 3D self-assembled structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanesa Quintano
- Institute of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF) – (CNR)
- 40129 Bologna
- Italy
| | | | | | - Lorenzo Di Mario
- Division of Ultrafast Processes in Materials (FLASHit)
- Institute of Structure of Matter (ISM) – CNR
- 00133 Rome
- Italy
| | - Stefano Pelli Cresi
- Division of Ultrafast Processes in Materials (FLASHit)
- Institute of Structure of Matter (ISM) – CNR
- 00133 Rome
- Italy
| | - Alessandra Paladini
- Division of Ultrafast Processes in Materials (FLASHit)
- Institute of Structure of Matter (ISM) – CNR
- 00133 Rome
- Italy
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials
- University of Mons
- B-7000 Mons
- Belgium
| | - Andrea Liscio
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM)
- National Research Council of Italy (CNR)
- 00133 Rome
- Italy
| | - Vincenzo Palermo
- Institute of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF) – (CNR)
- 40129 Bologna
- Italy
- Department of Industrial and Materials Science
- Chalmers University of Technology
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65
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Londi G, Khan SUZ, Muccioli L, D'Avino G, Rand BP, Beljonne D. Fate of Low-Lying Charge-Transfer Excited States in a Donor:Acceptor Blend with a Large Energy Offset. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:10219-10226. [PMID: 33206537 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c02858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In an effort to gain a comprehensive picture of the interfacial states in bulk heterojunction solar cells, we provide a combined experimental-theoretical analysis of the energetics and dynamics of low-lying electronic charge-transfer (CT) states in donor:acceptor blends with a large frontier orbital energy offset. By varying the blend composition and temperature, we unravel the static and dynamic contributions to the disordered density of states (DOS) of the CT-state manifold and assess their recombination to the ground state. Namely, we find that static disorder (conformational and electrostatic) shapes the CT DOS and that fast nonradiative recombination crops the low-energy tail of the distribution probed by external quantum efficiency (EQE) measurements (thereby largely contributing to voltage losses). Our results then question the standard practice of extracting microscopic parameters such as exciton energy and energetic disorder from EQE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Londi
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Saeed-Uz-Zaman Khan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Luca Muccioli
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Gabriele D'Avino
- Grenoble Alpes University, CNRS, Grenoble INP, Institut Néel, 25 rue des Martyrs, 38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Barry P Rand
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
- Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium
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66
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Fossépré M, Tuvi-Arad I, Beljonne D, Richeter S, Clément S, Surin M. Binding Mode Multiplicity and Multiscale Chirality in the Supramolecular Assembly of DNA and a π-Conjugated Polymer. Chemphyschem 2020; 21:2543-2552. [PMID: 32910539 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202000630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Water-soluble π-conjugated polymers are increasingly considered for DNA biosensing. However, the conformational rearrangement, supramolecular organization and dynamics upon interaction with DNA have been overlooked, which prevents the rational design of such detection tools. To elucidate the binding of a cationic polythiophene (CPT) to DNA with atomistic resolution, we performed molecular simulations of their supramolecular assembly. Comparison of replicated simulations show a multiplicity of CPT binding geometries that contribute to the wrapping of CPT around DNA. The different binding geometries are stabilized by both electrostatic interactions between CPT lateral cations and DNA phosphodiesters and van der Waals interactions between the CPT backbone and the DNA grooves. Simulated circular dichroism (CD) spectra show that the induced CD signal stems from a conserved geometrical feature across the replicated simulations, i. e. the presence of segments of syn configurations between thiophene units along the CPT chain. At the macromolecular scale, we inspected the different shapes related to the CPT binding modes around the DNA through symmetry metrics. Altogether, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, model Hamiltonian calculations of the CD spectra, and symmetry indices provide insights into the origin of induced chirality from the atomic to the macromolecular scale. Our multidisciplinary approach points out the hierarchical aspect of CPT chiral organization induced by DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Fossépré
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Centre of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), University of Mons - UMONS, 20 Place du Parc, Mons, 7000, Belgium
| | - Inbal Tuvi-Arad
- Department of Natural Sciences, The Open University of Israel, Raanana, Israel
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Centre of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), University of Mons - UMONS, 20 Place du Parc, Mons, 7000, Belgium
| | | | | | - Mathieu Surin
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Centre of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), University of Mons - UMONS, 20 Place du Parc, Mons, 7000, Belgium
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67
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Abstract
We analyze correlated-triplet-pair (TT) singlet-fission intermediates toward two-triplet separation (T...T) using spin-state-averaged density matrix renormalization group electronic-structure calculations. Specifically, we compare the triplet-triplet exchange (J) for tetracene dimers, bipentacene, a subunit of the benzodithiophene-thiophene dioxide polymer, and a carotenoid (neurosporene). Exchange-split energy gaps of J and 3J separate a singlet from a triplet and a singlet from a quintet, respectively. We draw two new insights: (a) the canonical tetracene singlet-fission unit cell supports precisely three low-lying TT intermediates with order-of-magnitude differences in J, and (b) the separable TT intermediate in carotenoids emanates from a pair of excitations to the second triplet state. Therefore, unlike with tetracenes, carotenoid fission requires above-gap excitations. In all cases, the distinguishability of the molecular triplets-that is, the extent of orbital overlap-determines the splitting within the spin manifold of TT states. Consequently, J represents a spectroscopic observable that distnguishes the resemblance between TT intermediates and the T...T product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliot J Taffet
- Department of Chemistry and the PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States.,SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - David Beljonne
- Department of Chemistry, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Gregory D Scholes
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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68
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Han S, Deng R, Gu Q, Ni L, Huynh U, Zhang J, Yi Z, Zhao B, Tamura H, Pershin A, Xu H, Huang Z, Ahmad S, Abdi-Jalebi M, Sadhanala A, Tang ML, Bakulin A, Beljonne D, Liu X, Rao A. Lanthanide-doped inorganic nanoparticles turn molecular triplet excitons bright. Nature 2020; 587:594-599. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2932-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Simón Marqués P, Castán JMA, Raul BAL, Londi G, Ramirez I, Pshenichnikov MS, Beljonne D, Walzer K, Blais M, Allain M, Cabanetos C, Blanchard P. Triphenylamine/Tetracyanobutadiene-Based π-Conjugated Push-Pull Molecules End-Capped with Arene Platforms: Synthesis, Photophysics, and Photovoltaic Response. Chemistry 2020; 26:16422-16433. [PMID: 32701173 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
π-Conjugated push-pull molecules based on triphenylamine and 1,1,4,4-tetracyanobuta-1,3-diene (TCBD) have been functionalized with different terminal arene units. In solution, these highly TCBD-twisted systems showed a strong internal charge transfer band in the visible spectrum and no detectable photoluminescence (PL). Photophysical and theoretical investigations revealed very short singlet excited state deactivation time of ≈10 ps resulting from significant conformational changes of the TCBD-arene moiety upon photoexcitation, opening a pathway for non-radiative decay. The PL was recovered in vacuum-processed films or when the molecules were dispersed in a PMMA matrix leading to a significant increase of the excited state deactivation time. As shown by cyclic voltammetry, these molecules can act as electron donors compared to C60 . Hence, vacuum-processed planar heterojunction organic solar cells were fabricated leading to a maximum power conversion efficiency of ca. 1.9 % which decreases with the increase of the arene size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Simón Marqués
- MOLTECH-Anjou, UMR CNRS 6200, UNIV Angers, SFR MATRIX, 2 bd Lavoisier, 49045, ANGERS Cedex, France
| | - José María Andrés Castán
- MOLTECH-Anjou, UMR CNRS 6200, UNIV Angers, SFR MATRIX, 2 bd Lavoisier, 49045, ANGERS Cedex, France
| | - Benedito A L Raul
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Giacomo Londi
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc, 20, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Ivan Ramirez
- HELIATEK GmbH, Treidlerstraße 3, 01139, Dresden, Germany
| | - Maxim S Pshenichnikov
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc, 20, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Karsten Walzer
- HELIATEK GmbH, Treidlerstraße 3, 01139, Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Blais
- MOLTECH-Anjou, UMR CNRS 6200, UNIV Angers, SFR MATRIX, 2 bd Lavoisier, 49045, ANGERS Cedex, France
| | - Magali Allain
- MOLTECH-Anjou, UMR CNRS 6200, UNIV Angers, SFR MATRIX, 2 bd Lavoisier, 49045, ANGERS Cedex, France
| | - Clément Cabanetos
- MOLTECH-Anjou, UMR CNRS 6200, UNIV Angers, SFR MATRIX, 2 bd Lavoisier, 49045, ANGERS Cedex, France
| | - Philippe Blanchard
- MOLTECH-Anjou, UMR CNRS 6200, UNIV Angers, SFR MATRIX, 2 bd Lavoisier, 49045, ANGERS Cedex, France
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70
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Niu W, Ma J, Soltani P, Zheng W, Liu F, Popov AA, Weigand JJ, Komber H, Poliani E, Casiraghi C, Droste J, Hansen MR, Osella S, Beljonne D, Bonn M, Wang HI, Feng X, Liu J, Mai Y. A Curved Graphene Nanoribbon with Multi-Edge Structure and High Intrinsic Charge Carrier Mobility. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:18293-18298. [PMID: 33078947 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c07013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Structurally well-defined graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) have emerged as highly promising materials for the next-generation nanoelectronics. The electronic properties of GNRs critically depend on their edge topologies. Here, we demonstrate the efficient synthesis of a curved GNR (cGNR) with a combined cove, zigzag, and armchair edge structure, through bottom-up synthesis. The curvature of the cGNR is elucidated by the corresponding model compounds tetrabenzo[a,cd,j,lm]perylene (1) and diphenanthrene-fused tetrabenzo[a,cd,j,lm]perylene (2), the structures of which are unambiguously confirmed by the X-ray single-crystal analysis. The resultant multi-edged cGNR exhibits a well-resolved absorption at the near-infrared (NIR) region with a maximum peak at 850 nm, corresponding to a narrow optical energy gap of ∼1.22 eV. Employing THz spectroscopy, we disclose a long scattering time of ∼60 fs, corresponding to a record intrinsic charge carrier mobility of ∼600 cm2 V-1 s-1 for photogenerated charge carriers in cGNR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Niu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.,Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Ji Ma
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Paniz Soltani
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Wenhao Zheng
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Fupin Liu
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexey A Popov
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jan J Weigand
- Department of Inorganic Molecular Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Hartmut Komber
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Emanuele Poliani
- Department of Chemistry, Manchester University, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Cinzia Casiraghi
- Department of Chemistry, Manchester University, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Jörn Droste
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität (WWU) Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Michael Ryan Hansen
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität (WWU) Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Silvio Osella
- Biological Systems Simulation Lab, Center of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2C, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Université de Mons, Place du Parc, 20, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Mischa Bonn
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Hai I Wang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Junzhi Liu
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany.,Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yiyong Mai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
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71
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Anichini C, Aliprandi A, Gali SM, Liscio F, Morandi V, Minoia A, Beljonne D, Ciesielski A, Samorì P. Ultrafast and Highly Sensitive Chemically Functionalized Graphene Oxide-Based Humidity Sensors: Harnessing Device Performances via the Supramolecular Approach. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:44017-44025. [PMID: 32880164 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c11236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Humidity sensors have been gaining increasing attention because of their relevance for well-being. To meet the ever-growing demand for new cost-efficient materials with superior performances, graphene oxide (GO)-based relative humidity sensors have emerged recently as low-cost and highly sensitive devices. However, current GO-based sensors suffer from important drawbacks including slow response and recovery, as well as poor stability. Interestingly, reduced GO (rGO) exhibits higher stability, yet accompanied by a lower sensitivity to humidity due to its hydrophobic nature. With the aim of improving the sensing performances of rGO, here we report on a novel generation of humidity sensors based on a simple chemical modification of rGO with hydrophilic moieties, i.e., triethylene glycol chains. Such a hybrid material exhibits an outstandingly improved sensing performance compared to pristine rGO such as high sensitivity (31% increase in electrical resistance when humidity is shifted from 2 to 97%), an ultrafast response (25 ms) and recovery in the subsecond timescale, low hysteresis (1.1%), excellent repeatability and stability, as well as high selectivity toward moisture. Such highest-key-performance indicators demonstrate the full potential of two-dimensional (2D) materials when decorated with suitably designed supramolecular receptors to develop the next generation of chemical sensors of any analyte of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosimo Anichini
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS, 8 alleé Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Alessandro Aliprandi
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS, 8 alleé Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Sai Manoj Gali
- CMN, Université de Mons, Place du Parc 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Fabiola Liscio
- Istituto per la Microelettronica e Microsistemi (IMM)-CNR, via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Vittorio Morandi
- Istituto per la Microelettronica e Microsistemi (IMM)-CNR, via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Minoia
- CMN, Université de Mons, Place du Parc 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - David Beljonne
- CMN, Université de Mons, Place du Parc 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Artur Ciesielski
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS, 8 alleé Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Paolo Samorì
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS, 8 alleé Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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72
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Dong Y, Nikolis VC, Talnack F, Chin YC, Benduhn J, Londi G, Kublitski J, Zheng X, Mannsfeld SCB, Spoltore D, Muccioli L, Li J, Blase X, Beljonne D, Kim JS, Bakulin AA, D'Avino G, Durrant JR, Vandewal K. Orientation dependent molecular electrostatics drives efficient charge generation in homojunction organic solar cells. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4617. [PMID: 32934236 PMCID: PMC7494863 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18439-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic solar cells usually utilise a heterojunction between electron-donating (D) and electron-accepting (A) materials to split excitons into charges. However, the use of D-A blends intrinsically limits the photovoltage and introduces morphological instability. Here, we demonstrate that polycrystalline films of chemically identical molecules offer a promising alternative and show that photoexcitation of α-sexithiophene (α-6T) films results in efficient charge generation. This leads to α-6T based homojunction organic solar cells with an external quantum efficiency reaching up to 44% and an open-circuit voltage of 1.61 V. Morphological, photoemission, and modelling studies show that boundaries between α-6T crystalline domains with different orientations generate an electrostatic landscape with an interfacial energy offset of 0.4 eV, which promotes the formation of hybridised exciton/charge-transfer states at the interface, dissociating efficiently into free charges. Our findings open new avenues for organic solar cell design where material energetics are tuned through molecular electrostatic engineering and mesoscale structural control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Dong
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Vasileios C Nikolis
- Dresden Integrated Centre for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP) and Institute for Applied Physics, Technische Universität Dresden, Nöthnitzer Str. 61, 01187, Dresden, Germany
- Heliatek GmbH, Treidlerstraße 3, 01139, Dresden, Germany
| | - Felix Talnack
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 18, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Yi-Chun Chin
- Department of Physics and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Johannes Benduhn
- Dresden Integrated Centre for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP) and Institute for Applied Physics, Technische Universität Dresden, Nöthnitzer Str. 61, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - Giacomo Londi
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc 20, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Jonas Kublitski
- Dresden Integrated Centre for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP) and Institute for Applied Physics, Technische Universität Dresden, Nöthnitzer Str. 61, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - Xijia Zheng
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Stefan C B Mannsfeld
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 18, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Donato Spoltore
- Dresden Integrated Centre for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP) and Institute for Applied Physics, Technische Universität Dresden, Nöthnitzer Str. 61, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - Luca Muccioli
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Jing Li
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, Institut Néel, 25 Rue des Martyrs, 38042, Grenoble, France
| | - Xavier Blase
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, Institut Néel, 25 Rue des Martyrs, 38042, Grenoble, France
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc 20, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Ji-Seon Kim
- Department of Physics and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Artem A Bakulin
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Gabriele D'Avino
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, Institut Néel, 25 Rue des Martyrs, 38042, Grenoble, France.
| | - James R Durrant
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK.
- SPECIFIC, College of Engineering, Swansea University, Bay Campus, Swansea, SA1 8EN, UK.
| | - Koen Vandewal
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO-IMOMEC), Hasselt University, Wetenschapspark 1, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
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73
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Cornil D, Rivolta N, Mercier V, Wiame H, Beljonne D, Cornil J. Enhanced Adhesion Energy at Oxide/Ag Interfaces for Low-Emissivity Glasses: Theoretical Insight into Doping and Vacancy Effects. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:40838-40849. [PMID: 32804476 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c07579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Low-emissivity glasses rely on multistacked architectures with a thin silver layer sandwiched between oxide layers. The mechanical stability of the silver/oxide interfaces is a critical parameter that must be maximized. Here, we demonstrate by means of quantum-chemical calculations that a low work of adhesion at interfaces can be significantly increased via doping and by introducing vacancies in the oxide layer. For the sake of illustration, we focus on the ZrO2(111)/Ag(111) interface exhibiting a poor adhesion in the pristine state and quantify the impact of introducing n-type dopants or p-type dopants in ZrO2 and vacancies in oxygen atoms (nVO; with n = 1, 2, 4, 8, 10, 16), zirconium atoms (mVZr; with m = 1, 2, 4, 8), or both (nVO + mVZr; with m/n = 1:2, 1:4, 2:2, 2:4). In the case of doping, interfacial electron transfer promotes an increase in the work of adhesion, from initially 0.16 to ∼0.8 J m-2 (n-type) and ∼2.0 J m-2 (p-type) at 10% doping. A similar increase in the work of adhesion is obtained by introducing vacancies, e.g., VO [VZr] in the oxide layer yields a work of adhesion of ∼1.5-2.0 J m-2 at 10% vacancies. An increase is also observed when mixing VO and VZr vacancies in a nonstoichiometric ratio (nVO + mVZr; with 2n ≠ m), while a stoichiometric ratio of VO and VZr has no impact on the interfacial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Cornil
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons (UMONS), Place du Parc 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Rivolta
- AGC Glass Europe Technovation Centre, rue Louis Blériot 12, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Virginie Mercier
- AGC Glass Europe Technovation Centre, rue Louis Blériot 12, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Hughes Wiame
- AGC Glass Europe Technovation Centre, rue Louis Blériot 12, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons (UMONS), Place du Parc 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Jérôme Cornil
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons (UMONS), Place du Parc 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium
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74
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Alvertis AM, Pandya R, Quarti C, Legrand L, Barisien T, Monserrat B, Musser AJ, Rao A, Chin AW, Beljonne D. First principles modeling of exciton-polaritons in polydiacetylene chains. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:084103. [PMID: 32872885 DOI: 10.1063/5.0019009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Exciton-polaritons in organic materials are hybrid states that result from the strong interaction of photons and the bound excitons that these materials host. Organic polaritons hold great interest for optoelectronic applications; however, progress toward this end has been impeded by the lack of a first principles approach that quantifies light-matter interactions in these systems, which would allow the formulation of molecular design rules. Here, we present a theoretical framework that combines first principles calculations for excitons with classical electrodynamics in order to quantify light-matter interactions. We exemplify our approach by studying variants of the conjugated polymer polydiacetylene, and we show that a large polymer conjugation length is critical toward strong exciton-photon coupling, hence underlying the importance of pure structures without static disorder. By comparing to our experimental reflectivity measurements, we show that the coupling of excitons to vibrations, manifested by phonon side bands in the absorption, has a strong impact on the magnitude of light-matter coupling over a range of frequencies. Our approach opens the way toward a deeper understanding of polaritons in organic materials, and we highlight that a quantitatively accurate calculation of the exciton-photon interaction would require accounting for all sources of disorder self-consistently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonios M Alvertis
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Raj Pandya
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Claudio Quarti
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc, 20, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Laurent Legrand
- Sorbonne Universite, CNRS-UMR 7588, Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, INSP, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Thierry Barisien
- Sorbonne Universite, CNRS-UMR 7588, Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, INSP, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Bartomeu Monserrat
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J Musser
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Akshay Rao
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Alex W Chin
- Sorbonne Universite, CNRS-UMR 7588, Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, INSP, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc, 20, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
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75
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Prodhan S, Qiu J, Ricci M, Roscioni OM, Wang L, Beljonne D. Design Rules to Maximize Charge-Carrier Mobility along Conjugated Polymer Chains. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:6519-6525. [PMID: 32692920 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of polymeric materials displaying high charge-carrier mobility values despite poor interchain structural order has spawned a renewal of interest in the identification of structure-property relationships pertaining to the transport of charges along conjugated polymer chains and the subsequent design of optimized architectures. Here, we present the results of intrachain charge transport simulations obtained by applying a robust surface hopping algorithm to a phenomenological Hamiltonian parametrized against first-principles simulations. Conformational effects are shown to provide a clear signature in the temperature-dependent charge-carrier mobility that complies with recent experimental observations. We further contrast against molecular crystals the evolution with electronic bandwidth and electron-phonon interactions of the room-temperature mobility in polymers, showing that intrachain charge-carrier mobility values in excess of 100 cm2/(V s) can be achieved through a proper chemical engineering of the backbones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suryoday Prodhan
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Mons 7000, Belgium
| | - Jing Qiu
- Center for Chemistry of Novel & High-Performance Materials and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | | | | | - Linjun Wang
- Center for Chemistry of Novel & High-Performance Materials and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Mons 7000, Belgium
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76
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Knöller JA, Meng G, Wang X, Hall D, Pershin A, Beljonne D, Olivier Y, Laschat S, Zysman‐Colman E, Wang S. Corrigendum: Intramolecular Borylation via Sequential B−Mes Bond Cleavage for the Divergent Synthesis of B,N,B‐Doped Benzo[4]helicenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:13149. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202007593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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77
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Knöller JA, Meng G, Wang X, Hall D, Pershin A, Beljonne D, Olivier Y, Laschat S, Zysman‐Colman E, Wang S. Berichtigung: Divergente Synthese von B,N,B‐Benzo[4]helicenen durch intramolekulare Borylierung unter sequenzieller B‐Mes‐Bindungsspaltung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202007593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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78
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Queloz VIE, Bouduban MEF, García‐Benito I, Fedorovskiy A, Orlandi S, Cavazzini M, Pozzi G, Trivedi H, Lupascu DC, Beljonne D, Moser J, Nazeeruddin MK, Quarti C, Grancini G. Spatial Charge Separation as the Origin of Anomalous Stark Effect in Fluorous 2D Hybrid Perovskites. Adv Funct Mater 2020; 30:2000228. [PMID: 32684906 PMCID: PMC7357595 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202000228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
2D hybrid perovskites (2DP) are versatile materials, whose electronic and optical properties can be tuned through the nature of the organic cations (even when those are seemingly electronically inert). Here, it is demonstrated that fluorination of the organic ligands yields glassy 2DP materials featuring long-lived correlated electron-hole pairs. Such states have a marked charge-transfer character, as revealed by the persistent Stark effect in the form of a second derivative in electroabsorption. Modeling shows that electrostatic effects associated with fluorination, combined with the steric hindrance due to the bulky side groups, drive the formation of spatially dislocated charge pairs with reduced recombination rates. This work enriches and broadens the current knowledge of the photophysics of 2DP, which will hopefully guide synthesis efforts toward novel materials with improved functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin I. E. Queloz
- Group for Molecular Engineering of Functional MaterialsInstitute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringEcole Polytéchnique Fédérale de LausanneSionCH‐1951Switzerland
| | - Marine E. F. Bouduban
- Photochemical Dynamics GroupInstitute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering and Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science (LACUS)École Polytéchnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneCH‐1015Switzerland
| | - Ines García‐Benito
- Group for Molecular Engineering of Functional MaterialsInstitute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringEcole Polytéchnique Fédérale de LausanneSionCH‐1951Switzerland
| | - Alexander Fedorovskiy
- Group for Molecular Engineering of Functional MaterialsInstitute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringEcole Polytéchnique Fédérale de LausanneSionCH‐1951Switzerland
| | - Simonetta Orlandi
- Consiglio Nazionale delle RicercheIstituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” (CNR‐SCITEC)Via Golgi 19MilanoI‐20133Italy
| | - Marco Cavazzini
- Consiglio Nazionale delle RicercheIstituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” (CNR‐SCITEC)Via Golgi 19MilanoI‐20133Italy
| | - Gianluca Pozzi
- Consiglio Nazionale delle RicercheIstituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” (CNR‐SCITEC)Via Golgi 19MilanoI‐20133Italy
| | - Harsh Trivedi
- Institute for Materials Science and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg‐Essen (CENIDE)University of Duisburg‐EssenEssen45141Germany
| | - Doru C. Lupascu
- Institute for Materials Science and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg‐Essen (CENIDE)University of Duisburg‐EssenEssen45141Germany
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel MaterialsUniversity of MonsPlace du Parc 20MonsB‐7000Belgium
| | - Jaques‐E Moser
- Photochemical Dynamics GroupInstitute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering and Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science (LACUS)École Polytéchnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneCH‐1015Switzerland
| | - Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin
- Group for Molecular Engineering of Functional MaterialsInstitute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringEcole Polytéchnique Fédérale de LausanneSionCH‐1951Switzerland
| | - Claudio Quarti
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel MaterialsUniversity of MonsPlace du Parc 20MonsB‐7000Belgium
- ENSCR, INSA Rennes, CNRSInstitut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR)University of RennesUMR 6226RennesF‐35000France
| | - Giulia Grancini
- Group for Molecular Engineering of Functional MaterialsInstitute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringEcole Polytéchnique Fédérale de LausanneSionCH‐1951Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry and INSTMUniversity of PaviaVia Taramelli 14Pavia27100Italy
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79
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Shin Y, Vranic S, Just-Baringo X, Gali SM, Kisby T, Chen Y, Gkoutzidou A, Prestat E, Beljonne D, Larrosa I, Kostarelos K, Casiraghi C. Stable, concentrated, biocompatible, and defect-free graphene dispersions with positive charge. Nanoscale 2020; 12:12383-12394. [PMID: 32490468 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr02689a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The outstanding properties of graphene offer high potential for biomedical applications. In this framework, positively charged nanomaterials show better interactions with the biological environment, hence there is strong interest in the production of positively charged graphene nanosheets. Currently, production of cationic graphene is either time consuming or producing dispersions with poor stability, which strongly limit their use in the biomedical field. In this study, we made a family of new cationic pyrenes, and have used them to successfully produce water-based, highly concentrated, stable, and defect-free graphene dispersions with positive charge. The use of different pyrene derivatives as well as molecular dynamics simulations allowed us to get insights on the nanoscale interactions required to achieve efficient exfoliation and stabilisation. The cationic graphene dispersions show outstanding biocompatibility and cellular uptake as well as exceptional colloidal stability in the biological medium, making this material extremely attractive for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyoung Shin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK.
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80
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Slassi A, Gali SM, Pershin A, Gali A, Cornil J, Beljonne D. Interlayer Bonding in Two-Dimensional Materials: The Special Case of SnP 3 and GeP 3. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:4503-4510. [PMID: 32419458 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c00780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Stacked two-dimensional (2D) heterostructures are evolving as the "next-generation" optoelectronic materials because of the possibility of designing atomically thin devices with outstanding characteristics. However, most of the existing 2D heterostructures are governed by weak van der Waals interlayer interactions that, as often is the case, exert limited impact on the resulting properties of heterostructures relative to their constituting components. In this work, we investigate the optoelectronic properties of a novel class of 2D MP3 (M = Ge and Sn) materials featuring strong interlayer interactions, applying a robust theoretical framework combining density functional theory and many-body perturbation theory. We demonstrate that the remarkable intrinsic vertical strain (of ∼40% relative to the monolayers) promotes the exfoliation of these materials into bilayers and profoundly impacts their electronic structure, charge transport, and optical properties. Most strikingly, we observe that the strong interlayer hybridization indicates continuous optical absorption across the entire visible range that, together with high charge carrier mobility, makes these 2D MP3 heterostructures attractive for photoconversion applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amine Slassi
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Université de Mons, Place du Parc 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Sai Manoj Gali
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Université de Mons, Place du Parc 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Anton Pershin
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Université de Mons, Place du Parc 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, PO Box 49, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Adam Gali
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, PO Box 49, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budafoki út 8, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Jérôme Cornil
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Université de Mons, Place du Parc 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Université de Mons, Place du Parc 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium
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81
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Tries A, Osella S, Zhang P, Xu F, Ramanan C, Kläui M, Mai Y, Beljonne D, Wang HI. Experimental Observation of Strong Exciton Effects in Graphene Nanoribbons. Nano Lett 2020; 20:2993-3002. [PMID: 32207957 PMCID: PMC7311082 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b04816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) with atomically precise width and edge structures are a promising class of nanomaterials for optoelectronics, thanks to their semiconducting nature and high mobility of charge carriers. Understanding the fundamental static optical properties and ultrafast dynamics of charge carrier generation in GNRs is essential for optoelectronic applications. Combining THz spectroscopy and theoretical calculations, we report a strong exciton effect with binding energy up to ∼700 meV in liquid-phase-dispersed GNRs with a width of 1.7 nm and an optical band gap of ∼1.6 eV, illustrating the intrinsically strong Coulomb interactions between photogenerated electrons and holes. By tracking the exciton dynamics, we reveal an ultrafast formation of excitons in GNRs with a long lifetime over 100 ps. Our results not only reveal fundamental aspects of excitons in GNRs (strong binding energy and ultrafast exciton formation etc.) but also highlight promising properties of GNRs for optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Tries
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
- Institute
of Physics and Graduate School of Excellence Material Sciences in
Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Silvio Osella
- Chemical
and Biological Systems Simulation Lab, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2C, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for
Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao
Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Fugui Xu
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for
Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao
Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Charusheela Ramanan
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Mathias Kläui
- Institute
of Physics and Graduate School of Excellence Material Sciences in
Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Yiyong Mai
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for
Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao
Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory
for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Université
de Mons, Place du Parc,
20, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Hai I. Wang
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
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82
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Nan G, Beljonne D, Zhang X, Quarti C. Organic Cations Protect Methylammonium Lead Iodide Perovskites against Small Exciton-Polaron Formation. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:2983-2991. [PMID: 32227856 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c00673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Working organic-inorganic lead halide perovskite-based devices are notoriously sensitive to surface and interface effects. Using a combination of density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT methods, we report a comprehensive study of the changes (with respect to the bulk) in geometric and electronic structures going on at the (001) surface of a (tetragonal phase) methylammonium lead iodide perovskite slab, in the dark and upon photoexcitation. The formation of a hydrogen bonding pattern between the -NH3 groups of the organic cations and the iodine atoms of the outer inorganic layout is found to critically contribute to the relative thermodynamic stability of slabs with varying surface compositions and terminations. Most importantly, our results show that the hydrogen bond locking effects induced by the MA groups tend to protect the external two-dimensional lattice against large local structural deformations, i.e., the formation of a small exciton-polaron, at variance with purely inorganic lead halide perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangjun Nan
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004, P. R. China
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc 20, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, California State University Northridge, Northridge, California 91330-8268, United States
| | - Claudio Quarti
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc 20, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
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83
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Taffet EJ, Fassioli F, Toa ZSD, Beljonne D, Scholes GD. Uncovering dark multichromophoric states in Peridinin-Chlorophyll-Protein. J R Soc Interface 2020; 17:20190736. [PMID: 32183641 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2019.0736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
It has long been recognized that visible light harvesting in Peridinin-Chlorophyll-Protein is driven by the interplay between the bright (S2) and dark (S1) states of peridinin (carotenoid), along with the lowest-lying bright (Qy) and dark (Qx) states of chlorophyll-a. Here, we analyse a chromophore cluster in the crystal structure of Peridinin-Chlorophyll-Protein, in particular, a peridinin-peridinin and a peridinin-chlorophyll-a dimer, and present quantum chemical evidence for excited states that exist beyond the confines of single peridinin and chlorophyll chromophores. These dark multichromophoric states, emanating from the intermolecular packing native to Peridinin-Chlorophyll-Protein, include a correlated triplet pair comprising neighbouring peridinin excitations and a charge-transfer interaction between peridinin and the adjacent chlorophyll-a. We surmise that such dark multichromophoric states may explain two spectral mysteries in light-harvesting pigments: the sub-200-fs singlet fission observed in carotenoid aggregates, and the sub-200-fs chlorophyll-a hole generation in Peridinin-Chlorophyll-Protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliot J Taffet
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Washington Road, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Francesca Fassioli
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Washington Road, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA.,SISSA - Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, Trieste, Italy
| | - Zi S D Toa
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Washington Road, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| | - David Beljonne
- Department of Chemistry, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Gregory D Scholes
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Washington Road, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
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84
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Suresh SM, Duda E, Hall D, Yao Z, Bagnich S, Slawin AMZ, Bässler H, Beljonne D, Buck M, Olivier Y, Köhler A, Zysman-Colman E. A Deep Blue B,N-Doped Heptacene Emitter That Shows Both Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence and Delayed Fluorescence by Triplet–Triplet Annihilation. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:6588-6599. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b13704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Subeesh Madayanad Suresh
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, U.K. KY16 9ST
| | - Eimantas Duda
- Soft Matter Optoelectronics, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - David Hall
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, U.K. KY16 9ST
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Zhen Yao
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, U.K. KY16 9ST
| | - Sergey Bagnich
- Soft Matter Optoelectronics, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Alexandra M. Z. Slawin
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, U.K. KY16 9ST
| | - Heinz Bässler
- BIMF, University of Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Manfred Buck
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, U.K. KY16 9ST
| | - Yoann Olivier
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
- Unité de Chimie Physique Théorique et Structurale & Laboratoire de Physique du Solide, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, Université de Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, 5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Anna Köhler
- Soft Matter Optoelectronics, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Eli Zysman-Colman
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, U.K. KY16 9ST
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85
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Knöller JA, Meng G, Wang X, Hall D, Pershin A, Beljonne D, Olivier Y, Laschat S, Zysman‐Colman E, Wang S. Intramolecular Borylation via Sequential B−Mes Bond Cleavage for the Divergent Synthesis of B,N,B‐Doped Benzo[4]helicenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:3156-3160. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201912340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julius A. Knöller
- Department of ChemistryQueen's University 90 Bader Lane Kingston Ontario K7L 3N6 Canada
- Institute for Organic ChemistryStuttgart University Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Guoyun Meng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringBeijing Institute of Technology Beijing China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of ChemistryQueen's University 90 Bader Lane Kingston Ontario K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - David Hall
- Organic Semiconductor CentreEaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of St Andrews St Andrews KY16 9ST UK
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel MaterialsUniversity of Mons 7000 Mons Belgium
| | - Anton Pershin
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel MaterialsUniversity of Mons 7000 Mons Belgium
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel MaterialsUniversity of Mons 7000 Mons Belgium
| | - Yoann Olivier
- Unité de Chimie Physique Théorique et Structurale & Laboratoire de Physique du SolideNamur Institute of Structured MatterUniversité de Namur Rue de Bruxelles, 61 5000 Namur Belgium
| | - Sabine Laschat
- Institute for Organic ChemistryStuttgart University Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Eli Zysman‐Colman
- Organic Semiconductor CentreEaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of St Andrews St Andrews KY16 9ST UK
| | - Suning Wang
- Department of ChemistryQueen's University 90 Bader Lane Kingston Ontario K7L 3N6 Canada
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringBeijing Institute of Technology Beijing China
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86
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Knöller JA, Meng G, Wang X, Hall D, Pershin A, Beljonne D, Olivier Y, Laschat S, Zysman‐Colman E, Wang S. Divergente Synthese von B,N,B‐Benzo[4]helicenen durch intramolekulare Borylierung unter sequenzieller B‐Mes‐Bindungsspaltung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201912340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Julius A. Knöller
- Department of Chemistry Queen's University 90 Bader Lane Kingston Ontario K7L 3N6 Kanada
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Stuttgart Deutschland
| | - Guoyun Meng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Peking China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Chemistry Queen's University 90 Bader Lane Kingston Ontario K7L 3N6 Kanada
| | - David Hall
- Organic Semiconductor Centre EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of St Andrews St Andrews KY16 9ST Großbritannien
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials University of Mons Belgien
| | - Anton Pershin
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials University of Mons Belgien
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials University of Mons Belgien
| | - Yoann Olivier
- Unité de Chimie Physique Théorique et Structurale, & Laboratoire de Physique du Solide Namur Institute of Structured Matter Université de Namur Belgien
| | - Sabine Laschat
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Stuttgart Deutschland
| | - Eli Zysman‐Colman
- Organic Semiconductor Centre EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of St Andrews St Andrews KY16 9ST Großbritannien
| | - Suning Wang
- Department of Chemistry Queen's University 90 Bader Lane Kingston Ontario K7L 3N6 Kanada
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Peking China
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87
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Chevrier M, Fattori A, Lasser L, Kotras C, Rose C, Cangiotti M, Beljonne D, Mehdi A, Surin M, Lazzaroni R, Dubois P, Ottaviani MF, Richeter S, Bouclé J, Clément S. In Depth Analysis of Photovoltaic Performance of Chlorophyll Derivative-Based "All Solid-State" Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. Molecules 2020; 25:E198. [PMID: 31947792 PMCID: PMC6983229 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25010198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlorophyll a derivatives were integrated in "all solid-state" dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) with a mesoporous TiO2 electrode and 2',2',7,7'-tetrakis[N,N-di(4-methoxyphenyl)amino]-9,9'-spirobifluorene as the hole-transport material. Despite modest power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) between 0.26% and 0.55% achieved for these chlorin dyes, a systematic investigation was carried out in order to elucidate their main limitations. To provide a comprehensive understanding of the parameters (structure, nature of the anchoring group, adsorption …) and their relationship with the PCEs, density functional theory (DFT) calculations, optical and photovoltaic studies and electron paramagnetic resonance analysis exploiting the 4-carboxy-TEMPO spin probe were combined. The recombination kinetics, the frontier molecular orbitals of these DSSCs and the adsorption efficiency onto the TiO2 surface were found to be the key parameters that govern their photovoltaic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michèle Chevrier
- ICGM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, CC1701, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France; (M.C.); (C.K.); (C.R.); (A.M.)
- Service des Matériaux Polymères et Composites (SMPC), Centre d’Innovation et de Recherche en Matériaux et Polymères (CIRMAP), Université de Mons, 20 Place du Parc, 7000 Mons, Belgium;
| | - Alberto Fattori
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences (DiSPeA), University of Urbino, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (A.F.); (M.C.); (M.F.O.)
| | - Laurent Lasser
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, CIRMAP, University of Mons UMONS, 20 Place du Parc, 7000 Mons, Belgium; (L.L.); (D.B.); (M.S.); (R.L.)
| | - Clément Kotras
- ICGM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, CC1701, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France; (M.C.); (C.K.); (C.R.); (A.M.)
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, CIRMAP, University of Mons UMONS, 20 Place du Parc, 7000 Mons, Belgium; (L.L.); (D.B.); (M.S.); (R.L.)
| | - Clémence Rose
- ICGM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, CC1701, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France; (M.C.); (C.K.); (C.R.); (A.M.)
| | - Michela Cangiotti
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences (DiSPeA), University of Urbino, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (A.F.); (M.C.); (M.F.O.)
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, CIRMAP, University of Mons UMONS, 20 Place du Parc, 7000 Mons, Belgium; (L.L.); (D.B.); (M.S.); (R.L.)
| | - Ahmad Mehdi
- ICGM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, CC1701, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France; (M.C.); (C.K.); (C.R.); (A.M.)
| | - Mathieu Surin
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, CIRMAP, University of Mons UMONS, 20 Place du Parc, 7000 Mons, Belgium; (L.L.); (D.B.); (M.S.); (R.L.)
| | - Roberto Lazzaroni
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, CIRMAP, University of Mons UMONS, 20 Place du Parc, 7000 Mons, Belgium; (L.L.); (D.B.); (M.S.); (R.L.)
| | - Philippe Dubois
- Service des Matériaux Polymères et Composites (SMPC), Centre d’Innovation et de Recherche en Matériaux et Polymères (CIRMAP), Université de Mons, 20 Place du Parc, 7000 Mons, Belgium;
| | - Maria Francesca Ottaviani
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences (DiSPeA), University of Urbino, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (A.F.); (M.C.); (M.F.O.)
| | - Sébastien Richeter
- ICGM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, CC1701, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France; (M.C.); (C.K.); (C.R.); (A.M.)
| | - Johann Bouclé
- CNRS, Univ. Limoges, XLIM, UMR 7252, F-87000 Limoges, France
| | - Sébastien Clément
- ICGM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, CC1701, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France; (M.C.); (C.K.); (C.R.); (A.M.)
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88
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Kim VO, Broch K, Belova V, Chen YS, Gerlach A, Schreiber F, Tamura H, Della Valle RG, D'Avino G, Salzmann I, Beljonne D, Rao A, Friend R. Singlet exciton fission via an intermolecular charge transfer state in coevaporated pentacene-perfluoropentacene thin films. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:164706. [PMID: 31675857 DOI: 10.1063/1.5130400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Singlet exciton fission is a spin-allowed process in organic semiconductors by which one absorbed photon generates two triplet excitons. Theory predicts that singlet fission is mediated by intermolecular charge-transfer states in solid-state materials with appropriate singlet-triplet energy spacing, but direct evidence for the involvement of such states in the process has not been provided yet. Here, we report on the observation of subpicosecond singlet fission in mixed films of pentacene and perfluoropentacene. By combining transient spectroscopy measurements to nonadiabatic quantum-dynamics simulations, we show that direct excitation in the charge-transfer absorption band of the mixed films leads to the formation of triplet excitons, unambiguously proving that they act as intermediate states in the fission process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent O Kim
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Katharina Broch
- Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faradayweg, 4-614195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Valentina Belova
- Eberhard-Karls Universität Tübingen, Institut für Angewandte Physik, Auf der Morgenstelle 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Y S Chen
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander Gerlach
- Eberhard-Karls Universität Tübingen, Institut für Angewandte Physik, Auf der Morgenstelle 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Frank Schreiber
- Eberhard-Karls Universität Tübingen, Institut für Angewandte Physik, Auf der Morgenstelle 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hiroyuki Tamura
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Raffaele Guido Della Valle
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Università di Bologna and INSTM-UdR Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Gabriele D'Avino
- Institut Néel, CNRS and Grenoble Alpes University, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Ingo Salzmann
- Department of Physics, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Centre for Research in Molecular Modeling (CERMM), Centre for NanoScience Research (CeNSR), Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Department of Chemistry, Université de Mons, Place du Parc 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Akshay Rao
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Friend
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
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89
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Londi G, Dilmurat R, D'Avino G, Lemaur V, Olivier Y, Beljonne D. Comprehensive modelling study of singlet exciton diffusion in donor-acceptor dyads: when small changes in chemical structure matter. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:25023-25034. [PMID: 31690890 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp05201a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
We compare two small π-conjugated donor-bridge-acceptor organic molecules differing mainly in the number of thiophene rings in their bridging motifs (1 ring in 1; 2 rings in 2) with the aim of rationalizing the origin of the enhancement in the singlet exciton diffusion coefficient and length of 1 with respect to 2. By combining force field molecular dynamics and micro electrostatic schemes with time-dependent density functional theory and kinetic Monte Carlo simulations, we dissect the nature of the lowest electronic excitations in amorphous thin films of these molecules and model the transport of singlet excitons across their broadly disordered energy landscapes. In addition to a longer excited-state lifetime associated with a more pronounced intramolecular charge-transfer character, our calculations reveal that singlet excitons in 1 are capable of funneling through long-distance hopping percolation pathways, presumably as a result of the less anisotropic shape of the molecule, which favours long-range 3D transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Londi
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc, 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium.
| | - Rishat Dilmurat
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc, 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium.
| | - Gabriele D'Avino
- Institut Néel, CNRS and Grenoble Alpes University, 38042, Grenoble, France
| | - Vincent Lemaur
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc, 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium.
| | - Yoann Olivier
- Unité de Chimie Physique Théorique et Structurale & Laboratoire de Physique du solid, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, Université de Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, 5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc, 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium.
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90
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Wang Y, Slassi A, Cornil J, Beljonne D, Samorì P. Tuning the Optical and Electrical Properties of Few-Layer Black Phosphorus via Physisorption of Small Solvent Molecules. Small 2019; 15:e1903432. [PMID: 31518053 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201903432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Black phosphorus (BP) is recently becoming more and more popular among semiconducting 2D materials for (opto)electronic applications. The controlled physisorption of molecules on the BP surface is a viable approach to modulate its optical and electronic properties. Solvents consisting of small molecules are often used for washing 2D materials or as liquid media for their chemical functionalization with larger molecules, disregarding their ability to change the opto-electronic properties of BP. Herein, it is shown that the opto-electronic properties of mechanically exfoliated few-layer BP are altered when physically interacting with common solvents. Significantly, charge transport analysis in field-effect transistors reveals that physisorbed solvent molecules induce a modulation of the charge carrier density which can be as high as 1012 cm-2 in BP, i.e., comparable to common dopants such as F4 -TCNQ and MoO3 . By combining experimental evidences with density functional theory calculations, it is confirmed that BP doping by solvent molecules not only depends on charge transfer, but is also influenced by molecular dipole. The results clearly demonstrate how an exquisite tuning of the opto-electronic properties of few-layer BP can be achieved through physisorption of small solvent molecules. Such findings are of interest both for fundamental studies and more technological applications in opto-electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Wang
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, 8 Alleé Gaspard Monge, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Amine Slassi
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Université de Mons, Place du Parc 20, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Jérôme Cornil
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Université de Mons, Place du Parc 20, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Université de Mons, Place du Parc 20, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Paolo Samorì
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, 8 Alleé Gaspard Monge, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
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91
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Zhang F, Lemaur V, Choi W, Kafle P, Seki S, Cornil J, Beljonne D, Diao Y. Repurposing DNA-binding agents as H-bonded organic semiconductors. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4217. [PMID: 31527590 PMCID: PMC6746806 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12248-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic semiconductors are usually polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their analogs containing heteroatom substitution. Bioinspired materials chemistry of organic electronics promises new charge transport mechanism and specific molecular recognition with biomolecules. We discover organic semiconductors from deoxyribonucleic acid topoisomerase inhibitors, featuring conjugated backbone decorated with hydrogen-bonding moieties distinct from common organic semiconductors. Using ellipticine as a model compound, we find that hydrogen bonds not only guide polymorph assembly, but are also critical to forming efficient charge transport pathways along π-conjugated planes when at a low dihedral angle by shortening the end-to-end distance of adjacent π planes. In the π-π stacking and hydrogen-bonding directions, the intrinsic, short-range hole mobilities reach as high as 6.5 cm2V-1s-1 and 4.2 cm2V-1s-1 measured by microwave conductivity, and the long-range apparent hole mobilities are up to 1.3 × 10-3 cm2V-1s-1 and 0.4 × 10-3 cm2V-1s-1 measured in field-effect transistors. We further demonstrate printed transistor devices and chemical sensors as potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjiao Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Vincent Lemaur
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc, 20, B-7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Wookjin Choi
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Center for Advanced Soft Electronics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Korea
| | - Prapti Kafle
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
| | - Shu Seki
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Jérôme Cornil
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc, 20, B-7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc, 20, B-7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Ying Diao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA.
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92
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Huaulmé Q, Aumaitre C, Kontkanen OV, Beljonne D, Sutter A, Ulrich G, Demadrille R, Leclerc N. Functional panchromatic BODIPY dyes with near-infrared absorption: design, synthesis, characterization and use in dye-sensitized solar cells. Beilstein J Org Chem 2019; 15:1758-1768. [PMID: 31435447 PMCID: PMC6664387 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.15.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
We report two novel functional dyes based on a boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) core displaying a panchromatic absorption with an extension to the near-infrared (NIR) range. An innovative synthetic approach for preparing the 2,3,5,6-tetramethyl-BODIPY unit is disclosed, and a versatile way to further functionalize this unit has been developed. The optoelectronic properties of the two dyes were computed by density functional theory modelling (DFT) and characterized through UV–vis spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements. Finally, we report preliminary results obtained using these functional dyes as photosensitizers in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Huaulmé
- CEA, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRIG, SyMMES, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Cyril Aumaitre
- CEA, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRIG, SyMMES, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Outi Vilhelmiina Kontkanen
- Chimie des Matériaux Nouveaux & Centre d'Innovation et de Recherche en Matériaux Polymères Université de Mons - UMONS / Materia Nova Place du Parc, 20, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - David Beljonne
- Chimie des Matériaux Nouveaux & Centre d'Innovation et de Recherche en Matériaux Polymères Université de Mons - UMONS / Materia Nova Place du Parc, 20, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Alexandra Sutter
- ICPEES - UMR7515, CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg CEDEX 02, France
| | - Gilles Ulrich
- ICPEES - UMR7515, CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg CEDEX 02, France
| | - Renaud Demadrille
- CEA, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRIG, SyMMES, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Nicolas Leclerc
- ICPEES - UMR7515, CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg CEDEX 02, France
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93
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Park KS, Kwok JJ, Dilmurat R, Qu G, Kafle P, Luo X, Jung SH, Olivier Y, Lee JK, Mei J, Beljonne D, Diao Y. Tuning conformation, assembly, and charge transport properties of conjugated polymers by printing flow. Sci Adv 2019; 5:eaaw7757. [PMID: 31448330 PMCID: PMC6688866 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw7757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Intrachain charge transport is unique to conjugated polymers distinct from inorganic and small molecular semiconductors and is key to achieving high-performance organic electronics. Polymer backbone planarity and thin film morphology sensitively modulate intrachain charge transport. However, simple, generic nonsynthetic approaches for tuning backbone planarity and the ensuing multiscale assembly process do not exist. We first demonstrate that printing flow is capable of planarizing the originally twisted polymer backbone to substantially increase the conjugation length. This conformation change leads to a marked morphological transition from chiral, twinned domains to achiral, highly aligned morphology, hence a fourfold increase in charge carrier mobilities. We found a surprising mechanism that flow extinguishes a lyotropic twist-bend mesophase upon backbone planarization, leading to the observed morphology and electronic structure transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Sun Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave., Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Justin J. Kwok
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1304 W. Green St., Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Rishat Dilmurat
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc, 20, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Ge Qu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave., Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Prapti Kafle
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave., Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Xuyi Luo
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Dr., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Seok-Heon Jung
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Incheon 402-751, South Korea
| | - Yoann Olivier
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc, 20, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Jin-Kyun Lee
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Incheon 402-751, South Korea
| | - Jianguo Mei
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Dr., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc, 20, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Ying Diao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave., Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1304 W. Green St., Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Beckman Institute, Molecular Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 N. Mathews Ave., Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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94
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Idé J, Cornil D, Jacques A, Navet B, Boulanger P, Ventelon L, Lazzaroni R, Beljonne D, Cornil J. Glass Hardness Modification by Means of Ion Implantation: Electronic Doping versus Surface Composition Effect. Adv Theory Simul 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adts.201900039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julien Idé
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel MaterialsUniversity of Mons Place du Parc 20 7000 Mons Belgium
| | - David Cornil
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel MaterialsUniversity of Mons Place du Parc 20 7000 Mons Belgium
| | - Amory Jacques
- AGC Technovation Center Rue Louis Blériot 12 6041 Charleroi Belgium
| | - Benjamine Navet
- AGC Technovation Center Rue Louis Blériot 12 6041 Charleroi Belgium
| | - Pierre Boulanger
- AGC Technovation Center Rue Louis Blériot 12 6041 Charleroi Belgium
| | - Lionel Ventelon
- AGC Technovation Center Rue Louis Blériot 12 6041 Charleroi Belgium
| | - Roberto Lazzaroni
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel MaterialsUniversity of Mons Place du Parc 20 7000 Mons Belgium
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel MaterialsUniversity of Mons Place du Parc 20 7000 Mons Belgium
| | - Jérôme Cornil
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel MaterialsUniversity of Mons Place du Parc 20 7000 Mons Belgium
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95
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Yurash B, Nakanotani H, Olivier Y, Beljonne D, Adachi C, Nguyen TQ. Photoluminescence Quenching Probes Spin Conversion and Exciton Dynamics in Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Materials. Adv Mater 2019; 31:e1804490. [PMID: 30957291 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201804490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent materials that efficiently convert triplet excitons into singlets through reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) rival the efficiencies of phosphorescent state-of-the-art organic light-emitting diodes. This upconversion process, a phenomenon known as thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF), is dictated by the rate of RISC, a material-dependent property that is challenging to determine experimentally. In this work, a new analytical model is developed which unambiguously determines the magnitude of RISC, as well as several other important photophysical parameters such as exciton diffusion coefficients and lengths, all from straightforward time-resolved photoluminescence measurements. From a detailed investigation of five TADF materials, important structure-property relationships are derived and a brominated derivative of 2,4,5,6-tetrakis(carbazol-9-yl)isophthalonitrile that has an exciton diffusion length of over 40 nm and whose excitons interconvert between the singlet and triplet states ≈36 times during one lifetime is identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett Yurash
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Hajime Nakanotani
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yoann Olivier
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc 20, B-7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc 20, B-7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Chihaya Adachi
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Thuc-Quyen Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
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96
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Thouin F, Valverde-Chávez DA, Quarti C, Cortecchia D, Bargigia I, Beljonne D, Petrozza A, Silva C, Srimath Kandada AR. Author Correction: Phonon coherences reveal the polaronic character of excitons in two-dimensional lead halide perovskites. Nat Mater 2019; 18:406. [PMID: 30765889 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-019-0316-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In the version of this Article originally published, the units of the Fig. 3a x axis were incorrectly given as meV. They should have been eV. This has now been corrected in all versions of the Article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix Thouin
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Claudio Quarti
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Department of Chemistry, Université de Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Daniele Cortecchia
- Center for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Milano, Italy
| | - Ilaria Bargigia
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Department of Chemistry, Université de Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Annamaria Petrozza
- Center for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Milano, Italy
| | - Carlos Silva
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Ajay Ram Srimath Kandada
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Center for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Milano, Italy.
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97
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Fossépré M, Trévisan ME, Cyriaque V, Wattiez R, Beljonne D, Richeter S, Clément S, Surin M. Detection of the Enzymatic Cleavage of DNA through Supramolecular Chiral Induction to a Cationic Polythiophene. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2019; 2:2125-2136. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Fossépré
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Centre of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), University of Mons (UMONS), 20 Place du Parc, Mons B-7000, Belgium
| | - Marie E. Trévisan
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Centre of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), University of Mons (UMONS), 20 Place du Parc, Mons B-7000, Belgium
| | - Valentine Cyriaque
- Proteomics and Microbiology Lab, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons (UMONS), Avenue du Champs de Mars 6, Mons 7000, Belgium
| | - Ruddy Wattiez
- Proteomics and Microbiology Lab, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons (UMONS), Avenue du Champs de Mars 6, Mons 7000, Belgium
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Centre of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), University of Mons (UMONS), 20 Place du Parc, Mons B-7000, Belgium
| | - Sébastien Richeter
- Institut Charles Gerhardt ICGM, UMR 5253 CNRS-ENSCM-UM, Université de Montpellier, CC1701 Place Eugène Bataillon, Montpellier Cedex 05F-34095, France
| | - Sébastien Clément
- Institut Charles Gerhardt ICGM, UMR 5253 CNRS-ENSCM-UM, Université de Montpellier, CC1701 Place Eugène Bataillon, Montpellier Cedex 05F-34095, France
| | - Mathieu Surin
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Centre of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), University of Mons (UMONS), 20 Place du Parc, Mons B-7000, Belgium
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98
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Thouin F, Valverde-Chávez DA, Quarti C, Cortecchia D, Bargigia I, Beljonne D, Petrozza A, Silva C, Srimath Kandada AR. Phonon coherences reveal the polaronic character of excitons in two-dimensional lead halide perovskites. Nat Mater 2019; 18:349-356. [PMID: 30643234 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-018-0262-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid organic-inorganic semiconductors feature complex lattice dynamics due to the ionic character of the crystal and the softness arising from non-covalent bonds between molecular moieties and the inorganic network. Here we establish that such dynamic structural complexity in a prototypical two-dimensional lead iodide perovskite gives rise to the coexistence of diverse excitonic resonances, each with a distinct degree of polaronic character. By means of high-resolution resonant impulsive stimulated Raman spectroscopy, we identify vibrational wavepacket dynamics that evolve along different configurational coordinates for distinct excitons and photocarriers. Employing density functional theory calculations, we assign the observed coherent vibrational modes to various low-frequency (≲50 cm-1) optical phonons involving motion in the lead iodide layers. We thus conclude that different excitons induce specific lattice reorganizations, which are signatures of polaronic binding. This insight into the energetic/configurational landscape involving globally neutral primary photoexcitations may be relevant to a broader class of emerging hybrid semiconductor materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix Thouin
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Claudio Quarti
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Department of Chemistry, Université de Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Daniele Cortecchia
- Center for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Milano, Italy
| | - Ilaria Bargigia
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Department of Chemistry, Université de Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Annamaria Petrozza
- Center for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Milano, Italy
| | - Carlos Silva
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Ajay Ram Srimath Kandada
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Center for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Milano, Italy.
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99
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Velpula G, Phillipson R, Lian JX, Cornil D, Walke P, Verguts K, Brems S, Uji-I H, De Gendt S, Beljonne D, Lazzaroni R, Mali KS, De Feyter S. Graphene Meets Ionic Liquids: Fermi Level Engineering via Electrostatic Forces. ACS Nano 2019; 13:3512-3521. [PMID: 30860809 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b09768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Graphene-based two-dimensional (2D) materials are promising candidates for a number of different energy applications. A particularly interesting one is in next generation supercapacitors, where graphene is being explored as an electrode material in combination with room temperature ionic liquids (ILs) as electrolytes. Because the amount of energy that can be stored in such supercapacitors critically depends on the electrode-electrolyte interface, there is considerable interest in understanding the structure and properties of the graphene/IL interface. Here, we report the changes in the properties of graphene upon adsorption of a homologous series of alkyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate ILs using a combination of experimental and theoretical tools. Raman spectroscopy reveals that these ILs cause n-type doping of graphene, and the magnitude of doping increases with increasing cation chain length despite the expected decrease in the density of surface-adsorbed ions. Molecular modeling simulations show that doping originates from the changes in the electrostatic potential at the graphene/IL interface. The findings described here represent an important step in developing a comprehensive understanding of the graphene/IL interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangamallaiah Velpula
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry , KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan, 200F , B-3001 Leuven , Belgium
| | - Roald Phillipson
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry , KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan, 200F , B-3001 Leuven , Belgium
| | - Jian Xiang Lian
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials , University of Mons , Place du Parc 20 , 7000 Mons , Belgium
| | - David Cornil
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials , University of Mons , Place du Parc 20 , 7000 Mons , Belgium
| | - Peter Walke
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry , KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan, 200F , B-3001 Leuven , Belgium
| | - Ken Verguts
- Molecular Design and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry , KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F , B-3001 Leuven , Belgium
- imec vzw , Kapeldreef 75 , B-3001 Leuven , Belgium
| | - Steven Brems
- imec vzw , Kapeldreef 75 , B-3001 Leuven , Belgium
| | - Hiroshi Uji-I
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry , KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan, 200F , B-3001 Leuven , Belgium
- RIES , Hokkaido University , N20 W10 , Kita-Ward, Sapporo 001-0020 , Japan
| | - Stefan De Gendt
- Molecular Design and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry , KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F , B-3001 Leuven , Belgium
- imec vzw , Kapeldreef 75 , B-3001 Leuven , Belgium
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials , University of Mons , Place du Parc 20 , 7000 Mons , Belgium
| | - Roberto Lazzaroni
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials , University of Mons , Place du Parc 20 , 7000 Mons , Belgium
| | - Kunal S Mali
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry , KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan, 200F , B-3001 Leuven , Belgium
| | - Steven De Feyter
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry , KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan, 200F , B-3001 Leuven , Belgium
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Wang Y, Slassi A, Stoeckel MA, Bertolazzi S, Cornil J, Beljonne D, Samorì P. Doping of Monolayer Transition-Metal Dichalcogenides via Physisorption of Aromatic Solvent Molecules. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:540-547. [PMID: 30649889 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b03697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) recently emerged as novel materials displaying a wide variety of physicochemical properties that render them unique scaffolds for high-performance (opto)electronics. The controlled physisorption of molecules on the TMD surface is a viable approach for tuning their optical and electronic properties. Solvents, made of small aromatic molecules, are frequently employed for the cleaning of the 2D materials or as a "dispersant" for their chemical functionalization with larger (macro)molecules, without considering their potential key effect in locally modifying the characteristics of 2D materials. In this work, we demonstrate how the electronic and optical properties of a mechanically exfoliated monolayer of MoS2 and WSe2 are modified when physically interacting with small aromatic molecules of common solvents. Low-temperature photoluminescence (PL) spectra recorded at 78 K revealed that physisorbed benzene derivatives could modulate the charge carrier density in monolayer TMDs, hence affecting the switching between a neutral exciton and trion (charged exciton). By combining experimental evidence with density functional theory calculations, we confirm that charge-transfer doping on TMDs depends not only on the difference in chemical potential between molecules and 2D materials but also on the thermodynamic stability of physisorption. Our results provide unambiguous evidences of the great potential of optical and electrical tuning of monolayer MoS2 and WSe2 by physisorption of small aromatic solvent molecules, which is highly relevant for both fundamental studies and device application purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Wang
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006 , 8 allée Gaspard Monge , F-67000 Strasbourg , France
| | - Amine Slassi
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials , Université de Mons , Place du Parc 20 , 7000 Mons , Belgium
| | - Marc-Antoine Stoeckel
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006 , 8 allée Gaspard Monge , F-67000 Strasbourg , France
| | - Simone Bertolazzi
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006 , 8 allée Gaspard Monge , F-67000 Strasbourg , France
| | - Jerôme Cornil
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials , Université de Mons , Place du Parc 20 , 7000 Mons , Belgium
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials , Université de Mons , Place du Parc 20 , 7000 Mons , Belgium
| | - Paolo Samorì
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006 , 8 allée Gaspard Monge , F-67000 Strasbourg , France
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