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Molenberghs F, Chiers K, Bakker J, Langermans J, Decostere A, Saunders J, Cornillie P, Bosseler L. Botpathologie bij apen van de Nieuwe en Oude Wereld. VLAAMS DIERGEN TIJDS 2015. [DOI: 10.21825/vdt.v84i1.16618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Primaten worden vaak gebruikt als diermodel in het biomedisch onderzoek wegens hun sterke overeenkomsten met de mens. Voornamelijk penseelapen (Callithrix jacchus) en resusapen (Macaca mulatta) zijn frequent gebruikte apensoorten in het wetenschappelijk onderzoek. In dit artikel wordt een systematisch overzicht gegeven van de belangrijkste botaandoeningen bij primaten. Botaandoeningen kunnen spontaan voorkomen maar ook experimenteel worden geïnduceerd in het kader van onderzoek naar humane ziekten. Een gedegen kennis van deze pathologieën is niet enkel belangrijk om preventieve of therapeutische interventies te onderbouwen bij zowel de aap als de mens, maar draagt ook bij tot een optimale keuze van het diermodel. De, voornamelijk historisch gezien, belangrijkste groep van aandoeningen die hier worden besproken zijn de metabole aandoeningen, waarbij de nadruk ligt op rachitis/osteomalacie en osteoporose. Congenitale aandoeningen, ontwikkelingsstoornissen, intoxicaties en deficiënties met effect op het skelet worden ook besproken. Tenslotte zijn er nog de bottumoren, die weliswaar minder frequent gerapporteerd worden, maar die toch een niet te verwaarlozen groep vormen.
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van de Velde J, Wilbers RHP, Westerhof LB, van Raaij DR, Stavrakaki I, Sonnenberg ASM, Bakker J, Schots A. Assessing the immunomodulatory potential of high-molecular-weight extracts from mushrooms; an assay based on THP-1 macrophages. J Sci Food Agric 2015; 95:344-350. [PMID: 24799300 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Revised: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food is a potential source of immunomodulating compounds that may be used to steer immune responses towards a desired status such as reducing inflammatory disorders. However, to identify and characterize such bioactive compounds, biologically relevant and standardized assays are required. Macrophages play an important role in immunomodulation and are suited for developing cell-based assays. An assay was developed based on macrophages, in a homogeneous differentiation state, using the human monocytic cell line THP-1 previously used to assess immunomodulatory properties of low-molecular-weight allergens, hormones, dietary supplements and therapeutic drugs. RESULTS Zymosan and mushroom polysaccharide extracts lead to a heterogeneous differentiation state of THP-1 monocytes, and these cells secrete low levels of cytokines upon stimulation. Differentiation into macrophages using a low concentration of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate improved responsiveness. Elevated levels of cytokines were secreted by cells in a homogenous differentiation state. In addition, it was determined that the assay performs best when using cells at a concentration of (2.5-5) × 10(5) cells mL(-1). CONCLUSION An assay was developed suitable to distinguish the immunomodulatory properties of food compounds in a reproducible manner. It was evaluated using eight mushroom species by measuring the secretion of relevant cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan van de Velde
- Plant Sciences Group, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Westerhof LB, Wilbers RHP, van Raaij DR, van Wijk CZ, Goverse A, Bakker J, Schots A. Transient Expression of Secretory IgA In Planta is Optimal Using a Multi-Gene Vector and may be Further Enhanced by Improving Joining Chain Incorporation. Front Plant Sci 2015; 6:1200. [PMID: 26793201 PMCID: PMC4707260 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.01200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Secretory IgA (sIgA) is a crucial antibody in host defense at mucosal surfaces. It is a promising antibody isotype in a variety of therapeutic settings such as passive vaccination and treatment of inflammatory disorders. However, heterologous production of this heteromultimeric protein complex is still suboptimal. The challenge is the coordinate expression of the four required polypeptides; the alpha heavy chain, the light chain, the joining chain, and part of the polymeric-Ig-receptor called the secretory component, in a 4:4:1:1 ratio. We evaluated the transient expression of three sIgAκ variants, harboring the heavy chain isotype α1, α2m1, or α2m2, of the clinical antibody Ustekinumab in planta. Ustekinumab is directed against the p40 subunit that is shared by the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-23. A sIgA variant of this antibody may enable localized treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Of the three different sIgA variants we obtained the highest yield with sIgA1κ reaching up to 373 μg sIgA/mg total soluble protein. The use of a multi-cassette vector containing all four expression cassettes was most efficient. However, not the expression strategy, but the incorporation of the joining chain turned out to be the limiting step for sIgA production. Our data demonstrate that transient expression in planta is suitable for the economic production of heteromultimeric protein complexes such as sIgA.
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Timsit JF, Citerio G, Lavilloniere M, Perner A, Smith M, Ruckly S, Bassetti M, Bakker J, Benoit D, Curtis JR, Doig G, Herridge M, Jaber S, Papazian L, Peters M, Singer P, Soares M, Torres A, Viellard-Baron A, Azoulay E. DETERMINANTS OF DOWNLOADS AND CITATIONS FOR ARTICLES PUBLISHED IN INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE. Intensive Care Med Exp 2015. [PMCID: PMC4796153 DOI: 10.1186/2197-425x-3-s1-a863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Westerhof LB, Wilbers RHP, van Raaij DR, Nguyen DL, Goverse A, Henquet MGL, Hokke CH, Bosch D, Bakker J, Schots A. Monomeric IgA can be produced in planta as efficient as IgG, yet receives different N-glycans. Plant Biotechnol J 2014; 12:1333-42. [PMID: 25196296 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Revised: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The unique features of IgA, such as the ability to recruit neutrophils and suppress the inflammatory responses mediated by IgG and IgE, make it a promising antibody isotype for several therapeutic applications. However, in contrast to IgG, reports on plant production of IgA are scarce. We produced IgA1κ and IgG1κ versions of three therapeutic antibodies directed against pro-inflammatory cytokines in Nicotiana benthamiana: Infliximab and Adalimumab, directed against TNF-α, and Ustekinumab, directed against the interleukin-12p40 subunit. We evaluated antibody yield, quality and N-glycosylation. All six antibodies had comparable levels of expression between 3.5 and 9% of total soluble protein content and were shown to have neutralizing activity in a cell-based assay. However, IgA1κ-based Adalimumab and Ustekinumab were poorly secreted compared to their IgG counterparts. Infliximab was poorly secreted regardless of isotype backbone. This corresponded with the observation that both IgA1κ- and IgG1κ-based Infliximab were enriched in oligomannose-type N-glycan structures. For IgG1κ-based Ustekinumab and Adalimumab, the major N-glycan type was the typical plant complex N-glycan, biantennary with terminal N-acetylglucosamine, β1,2-xylose and core α1,3-fucose. In contrast, the major N-glycan on the IgA-based antibodies was xylosylated, but lacked core α1,3-fucose and one terminal N-acetylglucosamine. This type of N-glycan occurs usually in marginal percentages in plants and was never shown to be the main fraction of a plant-produced recombinant protein. Our data demonstrate that the antibody isotype may have a profound influence on the type of N-glycan an antibody receives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotte B Westerhof
- Plant Sciences Department, Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Tapia P, Soto D, Bruhn A, Regueira T, Jarufe N, Alegria L, Bachler JP, Leon F, Vicuña C, Luengo C, Ospina-Tascón G, Bakker J, Hernandez G. 0101. Early and severe impairment of lactate clearance in endotoxic shock is not related to liver hypoperfusion: preliminary report. Intensive Care Med Exp 2014. [PMCID: PMC4796976 DOI: 10.1186/2197-425x-2-s1-p12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Sterken MG, Snoek LB, Bosman KJ, Daamen J, Riksen JAG, Bakker J, Pijlman GP, Kammenga JE. A heritable antiviral RNAi response limits Orsay virus infection in Caenorhabditis elegans N2. PLoS One 2014; 9:e89760. [PMID: 24587016 PMCID: PMC3933659 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Orsay virus (OrV) is the first virus known to be able to complete a full infection cycle in the model nematode species Caenorhabditis elegans. OrV is transmitted horizontally and its infection is limited by antiviral RNA interference (RNAi). However, we have no insight into the kinetics of OrV replication in C. elegans. We developed an assay that infects worms in liquid, allowing precise monitoring of the infection. The assay revealed a dual role for the RNAi response in limiting Orsay virus infection in C. elegans. Firstly, it limits the progression of the initial infection at the step of recognition of dsRNA. Secondly, it provides an inherited protection against infection in the offspring. This establishes the heritable RNAi response as anti-viral mechanism during OrV infections in C. elegans. Our results further illustrate that the inheritance of the anti-viral response is important in controlling the infection in the canonical wild type Bristol N2. The OrV replication kinetics were established throughout the worm life-cycle, setting a standard for further quantitative assays with the OrV-C. elegans infection model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark G. Sterken
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Virology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - L. Basten Snoek
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kobus J. Bosman
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jikke Daamen
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Joost A. G. Riksen
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap Bakker
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gorben P. Pijlman
- Laboratory of Virology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan E. Kammenga
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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Quist CW, Vervoort MTW, Van Megen H, Gort G, Bakker J, Van der Putten WH, Helder J. Selective alteration of soil food web components by invasive giant goldenrodSolidago giganteain two distinct habitat types. OIKOS 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.01067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Trogrlic Z, Van der Jagt M, Bakker J, Balas MC, Ely EW, Van den Voort PH, Ista E. Delirium screening, prevention and treatment in the ICU: a systematic review of implementation strategies. Crit Care 2014. [PMCID: PMC4069500 DOI: 10.1186/cc13613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Rybarczyk-Mydłowska K, van Megen H, van den Elsen S, Mooyman P, Karssen G, Bakker J, Helder J. Both SSU rDNA and RNA polymerase II data recognise that root-knot nematodes arose from migratory Pratylenchidae, but probably not from one of the economically high-impact lesion nematodes. NEMATOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1163/15685411-00002750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In 2000 Siddiqi formulated a hypothesis stating that root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) constitute a branch arising from yet another important group of plant parasites, the migratory Pratylenchidae. This hypothesis was solely based on morphological characteristics. Ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequence analysis supports this hypothesis in its broad sense, but the more precise question about the identity of a migratory Pratylenchidae representative being closest to the most basal Meloidogyne species could not be addressed due to a lack of backbone resolution (Holterman et al., 2009). Here we present an extended small subunit rDNA sequence analysis and a data set of partial RNA polymerase II sequences from Pratylenchidae and basal Meloidogynidae. Our data point at members of the genus Pratylenchus as being closest to the common ancestor of the root-knot nematodes, but it was not possible unequivocally to identify a candidate lesion nematode species. Pratylenchus is a species-rich genus (ca 70 valid species), and we suggest that the species closest to the most basal root-knot nematode should be sought outside of the group of relatively well-characterised, agronomically relevant, species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Rybarczyk-Mydłowska
- 1Laboratory of Nematology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
- 2Museum and Institute of Zoology PAS, Wilcza 64, 00-679 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Hanny van Megen
- 1Laboratory of Nematology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sven van den Elsen
- 1Laboratory of Nematology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Paul Mooyman
- 1Laboratory of Nematology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerrit Karssen
- 3Plant Protection Service, Wageningen Nematode Collection, P.O. Box 9102, 6700 HC Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap Bakker
- 1Laboratory of Nematology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes Helder
- 1Laboratory of Nematology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Arts M, Haart M, Bus S, Bakker J, Hacking H, Nollet F. Perceived usability and use of custom-made footwear in diabetic patients at high risk for foot ulceration. J Rehabil Med 2014; 46:357-62. [DOI: 10.2340/16501977-1272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Bergmans B, Egal M, Van Bommel J, Bakker J, Van der Jagt M. Effects of cardiac output-guided hemodynamic management on fluid administration after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Crit Care 2014. [PMCID: PMC4069990 DOI: 10.1186/cc13645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Bronkhorst MWGA, Lomax MAZ, Vossen RHAM, Bakker J, Patka P, van Lieshout EMM. Risk of infection and sepsis in severely injured patients related to single nucleotide polymorphisms in the lectin pathway. Br J Surg 2013; 100:1818-26. [PMID: 24227370 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.9319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infectious complications remain a serious threat to patients with multiple trauma. Susceptibility and response to infection is, in part, heritable. The lectin pathway plays a major role in innate immunity. The aim of this study was to assess whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in three key genes within the lectin pathway affect susceptibility to infectious complications in severely injured patients. METHODS A prospective cohort of severely injured patients admitted to a level I trauma centre between January 2008 and April 2011 were genotyped for SNPs in MBL2 (mannose-binding lectin 2), MASP2 (MBL-associated serine protease 2) and FCN2 (ficolin 2). Association of genotype with prevalence of positive culture findings and infection was tested by χ(2) and logistic regression analysis. RESULTS A total of 219 patients were included, of whom 112 (51·1 per cent) developed a positive culture from sputum, wounds, blood or urine. A systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) developed in 139 patients (63·5 per cent), sepsis in 79 (36·1 per cent) and septic shock in 37 (16·9 per cent). Patients with a MBL2 exon 1 variant allele were more prone to positive wound cultures (odds ratio (OR) 2·51, 95 per cent confidence interval 1·12 to 5·62; P = 0·025). A MASP2 Y371D DD genotype predisposed to SIRS (OR 4·78, 1·06 to 21·59; P = 0·042) and septic shock (OR 2·53, 1·12 to 4·33; P = 0·003). A FCN2 A258S AS genotype predisposed to positive wound cultures (OR 3·37, 1·45 to 7·85; P = 0·005) and septic shock (OR 2·18, 1·30 to 4·78; P = 0·011). CONCLUSION Severely injured patients with SNPs in MBL2, MASP2 Y371D and FCN2 A258S of the lectin pathway of complement activation are significantly more susceptible to positive culture findings, and to infectious complications, SIRS and septic shock than patients with a wildtype genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- M W G A Bronkhorst
- Trauma Research Unit, Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Bikker IG, Blankman P, Specht P, Bakker J, Gommers D. Global and regional parameters to visualize the 'best' PEEP during a PEEP trial in a porcine model with and without acute lung injury. Minerva Anestesiol 2013; 79:983-992. [PMID: 23811623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Setting the optimal level of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) in critically ill patients remains a matter of debate. "Best" PEEP is regarded as minimal lung collapse and overdistention to prevent lung injury. In this study, global and regional variables were evaluated in a porcine model to identify which variables should be used to visualize "best" PEEP. METHODS Eight pigs (28-31 kg) were studied during an incremental and decremental PEEP trial before and after the induction of acute lung injury (ALI) with oleic acid. Arterial oxygenation, compliance, lung volume, dead space, esophageal pressure and electrical impedance tomography (EIT) were recorded at the end of each PEEP step. RESULTS After ALI, "best" PEEP was comparable at 15 cmH2O between regional compliance of the dorsal lung region by EIT and the global indicators: dynamic compliance, arterial oxygenation, alveolar dead space and venous admixture. After ALI, the intratidal gas distribution was able to detect regional overdistention at 15 cmH2O PEEP. "Best" PEEP based on transpulmonary pressure was lower and no optimal level could be found based on lung volume measurements alone. In addition, the recruitment phase significantly improved end-expiratory lung volume, PaO2, venous admixture and regional and global compliance, both in ALI and the "healthy" lung. CONCLUSION Most of the evaluated parameters indicate comparable 'best' PEEP levels. However, a combination of these parameters, and especially EIT-derived intratidal gas distribution, might provide additional information. The application of lung recruitment was beneficial in both ALI and the "healthy" lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- I G Bikker
- Department of Intensive Care, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands -
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Slootweg EJ, Spiridon LN, Roosien J, Butterbach P, Pomp R, Westerhof L, Wilbers R, Bakker E, Bakker J, Petrescu AJ, Smant G, Goverse A. Structural determinants at the interface of the ARC2 and leucine-rich repeat domains control the activation of the plant immune receptors Rx1 and Gpa2. Plant Physiol 2013; 162:1510-28. [PMID: 23660837 PMCID: PMC3707565 DOI: 10.1104/pp.113.218842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Many plant and animal immune receptors have a modular nucleotide-binding-leucine-rich repeat (NB-LRR) architecture in which a nucleotide-binding switch domain, NB-ARC, is tethered to a LRR sensor domain. The cooperation between the switch and sensor domains, which regulates the activation of these proteins, is poorly understood. Here, we report structural determinants governing the interaction between the NB-ARC and LRR in the highly homologous plant immune receptors Gpa2 and Rx1, which recognize the potato cyst nematode Globodera pallida and Potato virus X, respectively. Systematic shuffling of polymorphic sites between Gpa2 and Rx1 showed that a minimal region in the ARC2 and N-terminal repeats of the LRR domain coordinate the activation state of the protein. We identified two closely spaced amino acid residues in this region of the ARC2 (positions 401 and 403) that distinguish between autoactivation and effector-triggered activation. Furthermore, a highly acidic loop region in the ARC2 domain and basic patches in the N-terminal end of the LRR domain were demonstrated to be required for the physical interaction between the ARC2 and LRR. The NB-ARC and LRR domains dissociate upon effector-dependent activation, and the complementary-charged regions are predicted to mediate a fast reassociation, enabling multiple rounds of activation. Finally, we present a mechanistic model showing how the ARC2, NB, and N-terminal half of the LRR form a clamp, which regulates the dissociation and reassociation of the switch and sensor domains in NB-LRR proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik J Slootweg
- Laboratory of Nematology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Delimitreva S, Wedi E, Bakker J, Tkachenko OY, Nikolova V, Nayudu PL. Numerical chromosome disorders in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus)--comparison between two captive colonies. J Med Primatol 2013; 42:177-85. [PMID: 23600894 DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chromosomal analyses were performed for marmosets from two colonies - Deutsches Primatenzentrum (DPZ) and Biomedical Primate Research Centre (BPRC). Chlorine-based disinfectants are used in DPZ; no chemical disinfection is applied in BPRC. METHODS The rates of chromosomal non-disjunction, polyploidy and endoreduplication were investigated after G-banding. RESULTS For DPZ monkeys, the mean rates of non-disjunction were 7.6% for bone marrow and 11.3% for lymphocytes. The polyploidy level was 2.5% in bone marrow and 0.8% in blood. Frequency of endoreduplication in bone marrow and in leucocytes was 0.5% and 0.8%, respectively. For BPRC, the rate of non-disjunction in leucocytes (1.3%) was significantly lower than that for DPZ; the polyploidy rate (0.2%) in blood was lower than that in DPZ; endoreduplication was not observed. CONCLUSION The levels of chromosomal disorders are elevated for DPZ colony. We suggest that the increased rate of chromosomal disorders in DPZ marmosets can be related to the chemical disinfection of their environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Delimitreva
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biomedicine, German Primate Center, Goettingen, Germany.
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Remels AHV, Gosker HR, Bakker J, Guttridge DC, Schols AMWJ, Langen RCJ. Regulation of skeletal muscle oxidative phenotype by classical NF-κB signalling. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2013; 1832:1313-25. [PMID: 23563317 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2013.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2012] [Revised: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impairments in skeletal muscle oxidative phenotype (OXPHEN) have been linked to the development of insulin resistance, metabolic inflexibility and progression of the metabolic syndrome and have been associated with progressive disability in diseases associated with chronic systemic inflammation. We previously showed that the inflammatory cytokine tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) directly impairs muscle OXPHEN but underlying molecular mechanisms remained unknown. Interestingly, the inflammatory signalling pathway classical nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is activated in muscle in abovementioned disorders. Therefore, we hypothesised that muscle activation of classical NF-κB signalling is sufficient and required for inflammation-induced impairment of muscle OXPHEN. METHODS Myotubes from mouse and human muscle cell lines were subjected to activation or blockade of the classical NF-κB pathway. In addition, wild-type and MISR (muscle-specific inhibition of classical NF-κB) mice were injected intra-muscularly with TNF-α. Markers and key regulators of muscle OXPHEN were investigated. RESULTS Classical NF-κB activation diminished expression of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) sub-units, slow myosin heavy chain expression, activity of mitochondrial enzymes and potently reduced intra-cellular ATP levels. Accordingly, PGC-1/PPAR/NRF-1/Tfam signalling, the main pathway controlling muscle OXPHEN, was impaired upon classical NF-κB activation which required intact p65 trans-activation domains and depended on de novo gene transcription. Unlike wild-type myotubes, IκBα-SR myotubes (blocked classical NF-κB signalling) were refractory to TNF-α-induced impairments in OXPHEN and its regulation by the PGC-1/PPAR/NRF-1/Tfam cascade. In line with in vitro data, NF-κB blockade in vivo abrogated TNF-α-induced reductions in PGC-1α expression. CONCLUSION Classical NF-κB activation impairs skeletal muscle OXPHEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H V Remels
- NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre +, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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Trogrlic Z, Van der Jagt M, Van der Voort P, Bakker J, Ista E. Current perspectives, beliefs and practices concerning delirium in critically ill patients: a multicenter survey among Dutch healthcare professionals. Crit Care 2013. [PMCID: PMC3642604 DOI: 10.1186/cc12335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Bosseler L, Cornillie P, Saunders J, Bakker J, Langermans J, Casteleyn C, Decostere A, Chiers K. Asymmetrical Campomelic Dysplasia-like Syndrome in a Colony of Common Marmosets (Callithrix jacchus). J Comp Pathol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2012.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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71
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Trogrlic Z, van der Jagt M, van der Voort P, Ponssen H, Schoonderbeek J, Schreiner F, Verbrugge S, Duran S, Bakker J, Ista E. Correction: Current perspectives, beliefs and practices concerning delirium in critically ill patients: a multicenter survey among Dutch healthcare professionals. Crit Care 2013. [PMCID: PMC4085464 DOI: 10.1186/cc12704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Rybarczyk-Mydłowska K, Mooyman P, van Megen H, van den Elsen S, Vervoort M, Veenhuizen P, van Doorn J, Dees R, Karssen G, Bakker J, Helder J. Small subunit ribosomal DNA-based phylogenetic analysis of foliar nematodes (Aphelenchoides spp.) and their quantitative detection in complex DNA backgrounds. Phytopathology 2012; 102:1153-1160. [PMID: 22913411 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-05-12-0114-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Foliar nematodes, plant-parasitic representatives of the genus Aphelenchoides, constitute a minority in a group dominated by fungivorous species. Distinction between (mostly harmless) fungal feeding Aphelenchoides species and high impact plant parasites such as A. besseyi, A. fragariae, A. ritzemabosi, and A. subtenuis is severely hampered by the scarcity of informative morphological characters, some of which are only observable in specific developmental stages. Poor description of a number of non-plant-parasitic Aphelenchoides species further complicates identification. Based on (nearly) full-length small subunit ribosomal DNA (SSU rDNA) sequences (≈1,700 bp), a phylogenetic tree was generated, and the four target species appeared as distinct, well-supported groups. Notably, this genus does not constitute a monophyletic group: A. besseyi and A. ritzemabosi cluster together and they are phylogenetically isolated from A. fragariae, A. subtenuis, and most other fungivorous species. A phylum-wide SSU rDNA framework was used to identify species-specific DNA motifs. For the molecular detection of four plant-parasitic Aphelenchoides species, polymerase chain reaction primers were developed with high, identical annealing temperatures (63°C). Within the molecular framework presented here, these primers can be used for the rapid screening of plant material and soil for the presence of one or multiple foliar nematode species.
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Meynaar IA, Van Den Boogaard M, Tangkau PL, Dawson L, Sleeswijk Visser S, Bakker J. Long-term survival after ICU treatment. Minerva Anestesiol 2012; 78:1324-1332. [PMID: 23032929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this paper was to study long-term survival in patients treated in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and who survived to hospital discharge. METHODS This was a single-center retrospective cohort study of patients admitted to a mixed intensivist-led 10 bed ICU in a teaching hospital between 2004 and 2009 and discharged alive from the hospital with complete follow-up until January 1, 2011. RESULTS A total of 3477 individual patients were admitted to the ICU, 491 (14.1%) of whom died in the hospital while 2986 survived to hospital discharge. In the first year after discharge 436 out of 2986 (14.6%) patients died. Mortality after hospital discharge was highest in the first three months. For patients discharged alive from the hospital the risk of dying during the first year increased significantly with age, APACHE II score at admission and being discharged to a place other than home. Sepsis on ICU admission, mechanical ventilation, renal replacement therapy during ICU treatment or admission type had no effect on one-year mortality rate. CONCLUSION Patients who survive ICU treatment have a high risk of dying during the next year. This risk is almost as great the risk of dying during ICU and hospital treatment and increases with age and illness severity on admission to the ICU.
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Affiliation(s)
- I A Meynaar
- Intensive Care Unit, Reinier de Graaf Hospital, The Netherlands.
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Rybarczyk-Mydłowska K, Maboreke HR, van Megen H, van den Elsen S, Mooyman P, Smant G, Bakker J, Helder J. Rather than by direct acquisition via lateral gene transfer, GHF5 cellulases were passed on from early Pratylenchidae to root-knot and cyst nematodes. BMC Evol Biol 2012; 12:221. [PMID: 23171084 PMCID: PMC3575306 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-12-221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2012] [Accepted: 11/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant parasitic nematodes are unusual Metazoans as they are equipped with genes that allow for symbiont-independent degradation of plant cell walls. Among the cell wall-degrading enzymes, glycoside hydrolase family 5 (GHF5) cellulases are relatively well characterized, especially for high impact parasites such as root-knot and cyst nematodes. Interestingly, ancestors of extant nematodes most likely acquired these GHF5 cellulases from a prokaryote donor by one or multiple lateral gene transfer events. To obtain insight into the origin of GHF5 cellulases among evolutionary advanced members of the order Tylenchida, cellulase biodiversity data from less distal family members were collected and analyzed. RESULTS Single nematodes were used to obtain (partial) genomic sequences of cellulases from representatives of the genera Meloidogyne, Pratylenchus, Hirschmanniella and Globodera. Combined Bayesian analysis of ≈ 100 cellulase sequences revealed three types of catalytic domains (A, B, and C). Represented by 84 sequences, type B is numerically dominant, and the overall topology of the catalytic domain type shows remarkable resemblance with trees based on neutral (= pathogenicity-unrelated) small subunit ribosomal DNA sequences. Bayesian analysis further suggested a sister relationship between the lesion nematode Pratylenchus thornei and all type B cellulases from root-knot nematodes. Yet, the relationship between the three catalytic domain types remained unclear. Superposition of intron data onto the cellulase tree suggests that types B and C are related, and together distinct from type A that is characterized by two unique introns. CONCLUSIONS All Tylenchida members investigated here harbored one or multiple GHF5 cellulases. Three types of catalytic domains are distinguished, and the presence of at least two types is relatively common among plant parasitic Tylenchida. Analysis of coding sequences of cellulases suggests that root-knot and cyst nematodes did not acquire this gene directly by lateral genes transfer. More likely, these genes were passed on by ancestors of a family nowadays known as the Pratylenchidae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Rybarczyk-Mydłowska
- Laboratory of Nematology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Vervoort MTW, Vonk JA, Mooijman PJW, Van den Elsen SJJ, Van Megen HHB, Veenhuizen P, Landeweert R, Bakker J, Mulder C, Helder J. SSU ribosomal DNA-based monitoring of nematode assemblages reveals distinct seasonal fluctuations within evolutionary heterogeneous feeding guilds. PLoS One 2012; 7:e47555. [PMID: 23112818 PMCID: PMC3480422 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0047555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2012] [Accepted: 09/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Soils are among the most complex, diverse and competitive habitats on Earth and soil biota are responsible for ecosystem services such as nutrient cycling, carbon sequestration and remediation of freshwater. The extreme biodiversity prohibits the making of a full inventory of soil life. Hence, an appropriate indicator group should be selected to determine the biological condition of soil systems. Due to their ubiquity and the diverse responses to abiotic and biotic changes, nematodes are suitable indicators for environmental monitoring. However, the time-consuming microscopic analysis of nematode communities has limited the scale at which this indicator group is used. In an attempt to circumvent this problem, a quantitative PCR-based tool for the detection of a consistent part of the soil nematofauna was developed based on a phylum-wide molecular framework consisting of 2,400 full-length SSU rDNA sequences. Taxon-specific primers were designed and tested for specificity. Furthermore, relationships were determined between the quantitative PCR output and numbers of target nematodes. As a first field test for this DNA sequence signature-based approach, seasonal fluctuations of nematode assemblages under open canopy (one field) and closed canopy (one forest) were monitored. Fifteen taxa from four feeding guilds (covering ∼ 65% of the free-living nematode biodiversity at higher taxonomical level) were detected at two trophic levels. These four feeding guilds are composed of taxa that developed independently by parallel evolution and we detected ecologically interpretable patterns for free-living nematodes belonging to the lower trophic level of soil food webs. Our results show temporal fluctuations, which can be even opposite within taxa belonging to the same guild. This research on nematode assemblages revealed ecological information about the soil food web that had been partly overlooked.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariëtte T. W. Vervoort
- Laboratory of Nematology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University (WUR), Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - J. Arie Vonk
- Laboratory for Ecological Risk Assessment, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Paul J. W. Mooijman
- Laboratory of Nematology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University (WUR), Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sven J. J. Van den Elsen
- Laboratory of Nematology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University (WUR), Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hanny H. B. Van Megen
- Laboratory of Nematology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University (WUR), Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Veenhuizen
- Laboratory for Soil and Crop Research (BLGG AgroXpertus), Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Renske Landeweert
- Laboratory for Soil and Crop Research (BLGG AgroXpertus), Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap Bakker
- Laboratory of Nematology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University (WUR), Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Mulder
- Laboratory for Ecological Risk Assessment, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes Helder
- Laboratory of Nematology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University (WUR), Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Westerhof LB, Wilbers RHP, Roosien J, van de Velde J, Goverse A, Bakker J, Schots A. 3D domain swapping causes extensive multimerisation of human interleukin-10 when expressed in planta. PLoS One 2012; 7:e46460. [PMID: 23049703 PMCID: PMC3462211 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0046460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 08/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterologous expression platforms of biopharmaceutical proteins have been significantly improved over the last decade. Further improvement can be established by examining the intrinsic properties of proteins. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an anti-inflammatory cytokine with a short half-life that plays an important role in re-establishing immune homeostasis. This homodimeric protein of 36 kDa has significant therapeutic potential to treat inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. In this study we show that the major production bottleneck of human IL-10 is not protein instability as previously suggested, but extensive multimerisation due to its intrinsic 3D domain swapping characteristic. Extensive multimerisation of human IL-10 could be visualised as granules in planta. On the other hand, mouse IL-10 hardly multimerised, which could be largely attributed to its glycosylation. By introducing a short glycine-serine-linker between the fourth and fifth alpha helix of human IL-10 a stable monomeric form of IL-10 (hIL-10(mono)) was created that no longer multimerised and increased yield up to 20-fold. However, hIL-10(mono) no longer had the ability to reduce pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion from lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages. Forcing dimerisation restored biological activity. This was achieved by fusing human IL-10(mono) to the C-terminal end of constant domains 2 and 3 of human immunoglobulin A (Fcα), a natural dimer. Stable dimeric forms of IL-10, like Fcα-IL-10, may not only be a better format for improved production, but also a more suitable format for medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotte B Westerhof
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Postma WJ, Slootweg EJ, Rehman S, Finkers-Tomczak A, Tytgat TO, van Gelderen K, Lozano-Torres JL, Roosien J, Pomp R, van Schaik C, Bakker J, Goverse A, Smant G. The effector SPRYSEC-19 of Globodera rostochiensis suppresses CC-NB-LRR-mediated disease resistance in plants. Plant Physiol 2012; 160:944-54. [PMID: 22904163 PMCID: PMC3461567 DOI: 10.1104/pp.112.200188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2012] [Accepted: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The potato cyst nematode Globodera rostochiensis invades roots of host plants where it transforms cells near the vascular cylinder into a permanent feeding site. The host cell modifications are most likely induced by a complex mixture of proteins in the stylet secretions of the nematodes. Resistance to nematodes conferred by nucleotide-binding-leucine-rich repeat (NB-LRR) proteins usually results in a programmed cell death in and around the feeding site, and is most likely triggered by the recognition of effectors in stylet secretions. However, the actual role of these secretions in the activation and suppression of effector-triggered immunity is largely unknown. Here we demonstrate that the effector SPRYSEC-19 of G. rostochiensis physically associates in planta with the LRR domain of a member of the SW5 resistance gene cluster in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). Unexpectedly, this interaction did not trigger defense-related programmed cell death and resistance to G. rostochiensis. By contrast, agroinfiltration assays showed that the coexpression of SPRYSEC-19 in leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana suppresses programmed cell death mediated by several coiled-coil (CC)-NB-LRR immune receptors. Furthermore, SPRYSEC-19 abrogated resistance to Potato virus X mediated by the CC-NB-LRR resistance protein Rx1, and resistance to Verticillium dahliae mediated by an unidentified resistance in potato (Solanum tuberosum). The suppression of cell death and disease resistance did not require a physical association of SPRYSEC-19 and the LRR domains of the CC-NB-LRR resistance proteins. Altogether, our data demonstrated that potato cyst nematodes secrete effectors that enable the suppression of programmed cell death and disease resistance mediated by several CC-NB-LRR proteins in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiebe J. Postma
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University, 6700 ES Wageningen, The Netherlands (W.J.P., E.J.S., S.R., A.F.-T., T.O.G.T., K.v.G., J.L.L.-T., J.R., R.P., C.v.S., J.B., A.G., G.S.); and Centre for BioSystems Genomics, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands (W.J.P., R.P., J.B., A.G., G.S.)
| | - Erik J. Slootweg
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University, 6700 ES Wageningen, The Netherlands (W.J.P., E.J.S., S.R., A.F.-T., T.O.G.T., K.v.G., J.L.L.-T., J.R., R.P., C.v.S., J.B., A.G., G.S.); and Centre for BioSystems Genomics, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands (W.J.P., R.P., J.B., A.G., G.S.)
| | | | - Anna Finkers-Tomczak
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University, 6700 ES Wageningen, The Netherlands (W.J.P., E.J.S., S.R., A.F.-T., T.O.G.T., K.v.G., J.L.L.-T., J.R., R.P., C.v.S., J.B., A.G., G.S.); and Centre for BioSystems Genomics, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands (W.J.P., R.P., J.B., A.G., G.S.)
| | | | | | - Jose L. Lozano-Torres
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University, 6700 ES Wageningen, The Netherlands (W.J.P., E.J.S., S.R., A.F.-T., T.O.G.T., K.v.G., J.L.L.-T., J.R., R.P., C.v.S., J.B., A.G., G.S.); and Centre for BioSystems Genomics, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands (W.J.P., R.P., J.B., A.G., G.S.)
| | - Jan Roosien
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University, 6700 ES Wageningen, The Netherlands (W.J.P., E.J.S., S.R., A.F.-T., T.O.G.T., K.v.G., J.L.L.-T., J.R., R.P., C.v.S., J.B., A.G., G.S.); and Centre for BioSystems Genomics, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands (W.J.P., R.P., J.B., A.G., G.S.)
| | - Rikus Pomp
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University, 6700 ES Wageningen, The Netherlands (W.J.P., E.J.S., S.R., A.F.-T., T.O.G.T., K.v.G., J.L.L.-T., J.R., R.P., C.v.S., J.B., A.G., G.S.); and Centre for BioSystems Genomics, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands (W.J.P., R.P., J.B., A.G., G.S.)
| | - Casper van Schaik
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University, 6700 ES Wageningen, The Netherlands (W.J.P., E.J.S., S.R., A.F.-T., T.O.G.T., K.v.G., J.L.L.-T., J.R., R.P., C.v.S., J.B., A.G., G.S.); and Centre for BioSystems Genomics, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands (W.J.P., R.P., J.B., A.G., G.S.)
| | - Jaap Bakker
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University, 6700 ES Wageningen, The Netherlands (W.J.P., E.J.S., S.R., A.F.-T., T.O.G.T., K.v.G., J.L.L.-T., J.R., R.P., C.v.S., J.B., A.G., G.S.); and Centre for BioSystems Genomics, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands (W.J.P., R.P., J.B., A.G., G.S.)
| | - Aska Goverse
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University, 6700 ES Wageningen, The Netherlands (W.J.P., E.J.S., S.R., A.F.-T., T.O.G.T., K.v.G., J.L.L.-T., J.R., R.P., C.v.S., J.B., A.G., G.S.); and Centre for BioSystems Genomics, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands (W.J.P., R.P., J.B., A.G., G.S.)
| | - Geert Smant
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University, 6700 ES Wageningen, The Netherlands (W.J.P., E.J.S., S.R., A.F.-T., T.O.G.T., K.v.G., J.L.L.-T., J.R., R.P., C.v.S., J.B., A.G., G.S.); and Centre for BioSystems Genomics, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands (W.J.P., R.P., J.B., A.G., G.S.)
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Szymanski L, Bakker J. Aromatase knockout mice show normal steroid-induced activation of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone neurones and luteinising hormone surges with a reduced population of kisspeptin neurones in the rostral hypothalamus. J Neuroendocrinol 2012; 24:1222-33. [PMID: 22577852 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2826.2012.02334.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We recently reported that female aromatase knockout (ArKO) mice show deficits in sexual behaviour and a decreased population of kisspeptin-immunoreactive neurones in the rostral periventricular area of the third ventricle (RP3V), resurrecting the question of whether oestradiol actively contributes to female-typical sexual differentiation. To further address this question, we assessed the capacity of ArKO mice to generate a steroid-induced luteinising hormone (LH) surge. Adult, gonadectomised wild-type (WT) and ArKO mice were given silastic oestradiol implants s.c. and, 1 week later, received s.c. injections of either oestradiol benzoate (EB) followed by progesterone, EB alone, or no additional steroids to activate gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurones and generate an LH surge. Treatment with EB and progesterone induced significant Fos/GnRH double-labelling and, consequently, an LH surge in female WT and in ArKO mice of both sexes but not in male WT mice. ArKO mice of both sexes had fewer cells expressing Kiss-1 mRNA in the RP3V compared to female WT mice but had more Kiss-1 mRNA-expressing cells compared to WT males, reflecting an incomplete sexual differentiation of this system. To determine the number of cells expressing kisspeptin, the same experimental design was repeated in Experiment 2 with the addition of groups of WT and ArKO mice that were given EB + progesterone and sacrificed 2 h before the expected LH surge. No differences were observed in the number of kisspeptin-immunoreactive cells 2 h before and at the time of the LH surge. The finding that ArKO mice of both sexes have a competent LH surge system suggests that oestradiol has predominantly defeminising actions on the GnRH/LH surge system in males and that the steroid-induced LH surge can occur in females even with a greatly reduced population of kisspeptin neurones in the RP3V.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Szymanski
- GIGA Neurosciences, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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79
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Casteleyn C, Bakker J, Breugelmans S, Kondova I, Saunders J, Langermans JAM, Cornillie P, Van den Broeck W, Van Loo D, Van Hoorebeke L, Bosseler L, Chiers K, Decostere A. Anatomical description and morphometry of the skeleton of the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus). Lab Anim 2012; 46:152-63. [DOI: 10.1258/la.2012.011167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Callithrix jacchus (common marmoset) is regularly used in biomedical research, including for studies involving the skeleton. To support these studies, skeletons of healthy animals that had been euthanized for reasons not interfering with skeletal anatomy were prepared. The marmoset dental formula 2I-1C-3P-2M of each oral quadrant is atypical for New World monkeys which commonly possess a third molar. Seven cervical, 12–13 thoracic, 7–6 lumbar, 2–3 sacral and 26–29 caudal vertebrae are present, the thoracolumbar region always comprising 19 vertebrae. A sigmoid clavicle connects the scapula with the manubrium of the sternum. Depending on the number of thoracic vertebrae, 4–5 sternebrae are located between the manubrium and xiphoid process. Wide interosseous spaces separate the radius from the ulna, and the tibia from the fibula. A small sesamoid bone is inserted in the m. abductor digiti primi longus at the medial border of the carpus, a pair of ovoid sesamoid bones is located at the palmar/plantar sides of the trochleae of each metapodial bone, and round fabellae articulate with the proximal surfaces of the femoral condyles. Male marmosets possess a small penile bone. Both the front and hind feet have five digits. The hallux possesses a flat nail, whereas all other digits present curved claws. Interestingly, a central bone is present in both the carpus and tarsus. This study provides a description and detailed illustrations of the skeleton of the common marmoset as an anatomical guide for further biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Casteleyn
- Applied Veterinary Morphology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biochemical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - J Bakker
- Animal Science Department, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands
| | - S Breugelmans
- Department of Morphology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - I Kondova
- Animal Science Department, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands
| | - J Saunders
- Department of Veterinary Medical Imaging and Small Animal Orthopaedics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - J A M Langermans
- Animal Science Department, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands
| | - P Cornillie
- Department of Morphology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - W Van den Broeck
- Department of Morphology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - D Van Loo
- Department of Soil Management, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- UGCT – Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - L Van Hoorebeke
- UGCT – Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - L Bosseler
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - K Chiers
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - A Decostere
- Department of Morphology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
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van den Elsen S, Ave M, Schoenmakers N, Landeweert R, Bakker J, Helder J. A rapid, sensitive, and cost-efficient assay to estimate viability of potato cyst nematodes. Phytopathology 2012; 102:140-146. [PMID: 21942733 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-02-11-0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Potato cyst nematodes (PCNs) are quarantine organisms, and they belong to the economically most relevant pathogens of potato worldwide. Methodologies to assess the viability of their cysts, which can contain 200 to 500 eggs protected by the hardened cuticle of a dead female, are either time and labor intensive or lack robustness. We present a robust and cost-efficient viability assay based on loss of membrane integrity upon death. This assay uses trehalose, a disaccharide present at a high concentration in the perivitelline fluid of PCN eggs, as a viability marker. Although this assay can detect a single viable egg, the limit of detection for regular field samples was higher, ≈10 viable eggs, due to background signals produced by other soil components. On the basis of 30 nonviable PCN samples from The Netherlands, a threshold level was defined (ΔA(trehalose) = 0.0094) below which the presence of >10 viable eggs is highly unlikely (true for ≈99.7% of the observations). This assay can easily be combined with a subsequent DNA-based species determination. The presence of trehalose is a general phenomenon among cyst nematodes; therefore, this method can probably be used for (for example) soybean, sugar beet, and cereal cyst nematodes as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven van den Elsen
- Laboratory of Nematology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
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81
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de Boer JM, Borm TJA, Jesse T, Brugmans B, Wiggers-Perebolte L, de Leeuw L, Tang X, Bryan GJ, Bakker J, van Eck HJ, Visser RGF. Correction: A hybrid BAC physical map of potato: a framework for sequencing a heterozygous genome. BMC Genomics 2012. [PMCID: PMC3507643 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-13-423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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82
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de Boer JM, Borm TJA, Jesse T, Brugmans B, Wiggers-Perebolte L, de Leeuw L, Tang X, Bryan GJ, Bakker J, van Eck HJ, Visser RGF. A hybrid BAC physical map of potato: a framework for sequencing a heterozygous genome. BMC Genomics 2011; 12:594. [PMID: 22142254 PMCID: PMC3261212 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-12-594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2011] [Accepted: 12/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Potato is the world's third most important food crop, yet cultivar improvement and genomic research in general remain difficult because of the heterozygous and tetraploid nature of its genome. The development of physical map resources that can facilitate genomic analyses in potato has so far been very limited. Here we present the methods of construction and the general statistics of the first two genome-wide BAC physical maps of potato, which were made from the heterozygous diploid clone RH89-039-16 (RH). RESULTS First, a gel electrophoresis-based physical map was made by AFLP fingerprinting of 64478 BAC clones, which were aligned into 4150 contigs with an estimated total length of 1361 Mb. Screening of BAC pools, followed by the KeyMaps in silico anchoring procedure, identified 1725 AFLP markers in the physical map, and 1252 BAC contigs were anchored the ultradense potato genetic map. A second, sequence-tag-based physical map was constructed from 65919 whole genome profiling (WGP) BAC fingerprints and these were aligned into 3601 BAC contigs spanning 1396 Mb. The 39733 BAC clones that overlap between both physical maps provided anchors to 1127 contigs in the WGP physical map, and reduced the number of contigs to around 2800 in each map separately. Both physical maps were 1.64 times longer than the 850 Mb potato genome. Genome heterozygosity and incomplete merging of BAC contigs are two factors that can explain this map inflation. The contig information of both physical maps was united in a single table that describes hybrid potato physical map. CONCLUSIONS The AFLP physical map has already been used by the Potato Genome Sequencing Consortium for sequencing 10% of the heterozygous genome of clone RH on a BAC-by-BAC basis. By layering a new WGP physical map on top of the AFLP physical map, a genetically anchored genome-wide framework of 322434 sequence tags has been created. This reference framework can be used for anchoring and ordering of genomic sequences of clone RH (and other potato genotypes), and opens the possibility to finish sequencing of the RH genome in a more efficient way via high throughput next generation approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan M de Boer
- Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Droevendaalstesteeg 1, 6708 PD Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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83
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Bakker E, Borm T, Prins P, van der Vossen E, Uenk G, Arens M, de Boer J, van Eck H, Muskens M, Vossen J, van der Linden G, van Ham R, Klein-Lankhorst R, Visser R, Smant G, Bakker J, Goverse A. A genome-wide genetic map of NB-LRR disease resistance loci in potato. Theor Appl Genet 2011; 123:493-508. [PMID: 21590328 PMCID: PMC3135832 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-011-1602-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2010] [Accepted: 04/26/2011] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Like all plants, potato has evolved a surveillance system consisting of a large array of genes encoding for immune receptors that confer resistance to pathogens and pests. The majority of these so-called resistance or R proteins belong to the super-family that harbour a nucleotide binding and a leucine-rich-repeat domain (NB-LRR). Here, sequence information of the conserved NB domain was used to investigate the genome-wide genetic distribution of the NB-LRR resistance gene loci in potato. We analysed the sequences of 288 unique BAC clones selected using filter hybridisation screening of a BAC library of the diploid potato clone RH89-039-16 (S. tuberosum ssp. tuberosum) and a physical map of this BAC library. This resulted in the identification of 738 partial and full-length NB-LRR sequences. Based on homology of these sequences with known resistance genes, 280 and 448 sequences were classified as TIR-NB-LRR (TNL) and CC-NB-LRR (CNL) sequences, respectively. Genetic mapping revealed the presence of 15 TNL and 32 CNL loci. Thirty-six are novel, while three TNL loci and eight CNL loci are syntenic with previously identified functional resistance genes. The genetic map was complemented with 68 universal CAPS markers and 82 disease resistance trait loci described in literature, providing an excellent template for genetic studies and applied research in potato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Bakker
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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84
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Ronden R, Houben A, Bakker J, Bierau J, Stehouwer C, De Leeuw P, Kroon A. LOW-GRADE RENAL ARTERY STENOSIS AND THE RENAL HANDLING OF THE NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE INHIBITOR ASYMMETRIC DIMETHYLARGININE (ADMA). J Hypertens 2011. [DOI: 10.1097/00004872-201106001-00247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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85
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Abstract
Depression is one of the most common, costly and severe psychopathologies worldwide. Its incidence, however, differs significantly between the sexes, and depression rates in women are twice those of men. Interestingly, this sex difference emerges during adolescence. Although the adolescent period is characterised by major physical and behavioural transformations, it is unclear why the incidence of depression increases so dramatically in girls during this otherwise generally healthy developmental period. Although psychological and environmental factors are also involved, we discuss the neuroendocrinological factors determining adolescent vulnerability to depression. In particular, we address the role of sex steroids in mood regulation, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis maturation and sexual differentiation of the brain, with a focus on hippocampal plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- E F G Naninck
- Centre for Neuroscience, Swammerdam Institute of Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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86
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Lima A, Van Genderen M, Klijn E, Bartels S, Van Bommel J, Bakker J. Perfusion index as a predictor for central hypovolemia in humans. Crit Care 2011. [PMCID: PMC3061699 DOI: 10.1186/cc9489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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87
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Senan S, Cardenal F, Vansteenkiste J, Stigt J, Akyol F, De Neve W, Bakker J, Dupont JM, Scagliotti G, Ricardi U, van Meerbeeck J. A randomized phase II study comparing induction or consolidation chemotherapy with cisplatin–docetaxel, plus radical concurrent chemoradiotherapy with cisplatin–docetaxel, in patients with unresectable locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. Ann Oncol 2011; 22:553-558. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdq388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
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88
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Klijn E, Van Genderen M, Betjes M, Bakker J, Van Bommel J. Effects of ultrafiltration on systemic hemodynamics and microcirculatory perfusion in patients with end-stage kidney disease. Crit Care 2011. [PMCID: PMC3061741 DOI: 10.1186/cc9531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
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89
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Finkers-Tomczak A, Bakker E, de Boer J, van der Vossen E, Achenbach U, Golas T, Suryaningrat S, Smant G, Bakker J, Goverse A. Comparative sequence analysis of the potato cyst nematode resistance locus H1 reveals a major lack of co-linearity between three haplotypes in potato (Solanum tuberosum ssp.). Theor Appl Genet 2011; 122:595-608. [PMID: 21049265 PMCID: PMC3026667 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-010-1472-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2010] [Accepted: 09/30/2010] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The H1 locus confers resistance to the potato cyst nematode Globodera rostochiensis pathotypes 1 and 4. It is positioned at the distal end of chromosome V of the diploid Solanum tuberosum genotype SH83-92-488 (SH) on an introgression segment derived from S. tuberosum ssp. andigena. Markers from a high-resolution genetic map of the H1 locus (Bakker et al. in Theor Appl Genet 109:146-152, 2004) were used to screen a BAC library to construct a physical map covering a 341-kb region of the resistant haplotype coming from SH. For comparison, physical maps were also generated of the two haplotypes from the diploid susceptible genotype RH89-039-16 (S. tuberosum ssp. tuberosum/S. phureja), spanning syntenic regions of 700 and 319 kb. Gene predictions on the genomic segments resulted in the identification of a large cluster consisting of variable numbers of the CC-NB-LRR type of R genes for each haplotype. Furthermore, the regions were interspersed with numerous transposable elements and genes coding for an extensin-like protein and an amino acid transporter. Comparative analysis revealed a major lack of gene order conservation in the sequences of the three closely related haplotypes. Our data provide insight in the evolutionary mechanisms shaping the H1 locus and will facilitate the map-based cloning of the H1 resistance gene.
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90
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Van Genderen M, Boszhuizen J, Lima AP, Gommers D, Bakker J, Van Bommel J. Dynamics of peripheral perfusion parameters in elective coronary artery bypass graft patients. Crit Care 2011. [PMCID: PMC3061707 DOI: 10.1186/cc9497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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91
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Van den Bosch J, Van Bommel J, Bakker J, Gommers D. Introduction of a remifentanil-based analgo-sedation protocol leads to a reduction of duration of mechanical ventilation and ICU stay in critically ill patients. Crit Care 2011. [PMCID: PMC3067035 DOI: 10.1186/cc9781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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92
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Terwiel M, De Geus H, Bakker J, Van der Jagt M. Increased plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin levels in poor-grade aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage at admission to the ICU. Crit Care 2011. [PMCID: PMC3066999 DOI: 10.1186/cc9745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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93
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Bakker J, Doroszuk A, van der Wurff A, Holterman M, Bongers T, van Megen H, Helder J, Korthals G. A strategy in searching for stress tolerance-correlated characteristics in nematodes while accounting for phylogenetic interdependence. NEMATOLOGY 2011. [DOI: 10.1163/138855410x518461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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94
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Slootweg E, Roosien J, Spiridon LN, Petrescu AJ, Tameling W, Joosten M, Pomp R, van Schaik C, Dees R, Borst JW, Smant G, Schots A, Bakker J, Goverse A. Nucleocytoplasmic distribution is required for activation of resistance by the potato NB-LRR receptor Rx1 and is balanced by its functional domains. Plant Cell 2010; 22:4195-215. [PMID: 21177483 PMCID: PMC3027179 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.110.077537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2010] [Revised: 10/18/2010] [Accepted: 11/19/2010] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The Rx1 protein, as many resistance proteins of the nucleotide binding-leucine-rich repeat (NB-LRR) class, is predicted to be cytoplasmic because it lacks discernable nuclear targeting signals. Here, we demonstrate that Rx1, which confers extreme resistance to Potato virus X, is located both in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Manipulating the nucleocytoplasmic distribution of Rx1 or its elicitor revealed that Rx1 is activated in the cytoplasm and cannot be activated in the nucleus. The coiled coil (CC) domain was found to be required for accumulation of Rx1 in the nucleus, whereas the LRR domain promoted the localization in the cytoplasm. Analyses of structural subdomains of the CC domain revealed no autonomous signals responsible for active nuclear import. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching and nuclear fractionation indicated that the CC domain binds transiently to large complexes in the nucleus. Disruption of the Rx1 resistance function and protein conformation by mutating the ATP binding phosphate binding loop in the NB domain, or by silencing the cochaperone SGT1, impaired the accumulation of Rx1 protein in the nucleus, while Rx1 versions lacking the LRR domain were not affected in this respect. Our results support a model in which interdomain interactions and folding states determine the nucleocytoplasmic distribution of Rx1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Slootweg
- Laboratory of Nematology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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95
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Slootweg E, Roosien J, Spiridon LN, Petrescu AJ, Tameling W, Joosten M, Pomp R, van Schaik C, Dees R, Borst JW, Smant G, Schots A, Bakker J, Goverse A. Nucleocytoplasmic distribution is required for activation of resistance by the potato NB-LRR receptor Rx1 and is balanced by its functional domains. Plant Cell 2010; 22:4195-4215. [PMID: 21177483 DOI: 10.2307/41059420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The Rx1 protein, as many resistance proteins of the nucleotide binding-leucine-rich repeat (NB-LRR) class, is predicted to be cytoplasmic because it lacks discernable nuclear targeting signals. Here, we demonstrate that Rx1, which confers extreme resistance to Potato virus X, is located both in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Manipulating the nucleocytoplasmic distribution of Rx1 or its elicitor revealed that Rx1 is activated in the cytoplasm and cannot be activated in the nucleus. The coiled coil (CC) domain was found to be required for accumulation of Rx1 in the nucleus, whereas the LRR domain promoted the localization in the cytoplasm. Analyses of structural subdomains of the CC domain revealed no autonomous signals responsible for active nuclear import. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching and nuclear fractionation indicated that the CC domain binds transiently to large complexes in the nucleus. Disruption of the Rx1 resistance function and protein conformation by mutating the ATP binding phosphate binding loop in the NB domain, or by silencing the cochaperone SGT1, impaired the accumulation of Rx1 protein in the nucleus, while Rx1 versions lacking the LRR domain were not affected in this respect. Our results support a model in which interdomain interactions and folding states determine the nucleocytoplasmic distribution of Rx1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Slootweg
- Laboratory of Nematology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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96
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Smit A, Bakker J. Investigations on sterols XXX: Synthesis and stereochemistry of 9β,10α-isomers of some adrenocortical hormones. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/recl.19660850710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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97
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Koopman H, Spruit FI, van Deursen F, Bakker J. The structure of the tetrachlorobisdimethylamino-and trichlorotrisdimethylamino-1,3,5,2,4,6-triazatriphosphorine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/recl.19650840310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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98
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Abstract
A central tenet of contemporary theories on mammalian brain and behavioural sexual differentiation is that an organisational action of testosterone, secreted by the male's testes, controls male-typical aspects of brain and behavioural development, whereas no active perinatal sex hormone signalling is required for female-typical sexual differentiation. Furthermore, the available evidence suggests that many, although not all, of the perinatal organisational actions of testosterone on the development of the male brain result from the cellular effects of oestradiol formed via neural aromatisation of testosterone. However, a default developmental programme for the female brain has been criticised. Indeed, we review new results obtained in aromatase knockout mice indicating that oestradiol actively contributes to the differentiation of female-typical aspects of brain and behavioural sexual differentiation. Furthermore, we propose that male-typical neural and behavioural differentiation occurs prenatally in genetic males under the influence of oestradiol, which is avoided in foetal genetic females by the neuroprotective actions of alpha-fetoprotein, whereas female-typical neural and behavioural differentiation normally occurs postnatally in genetic females under the influence of oestradiol that is presumably produced by the ovaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bakker
- GIGA Neurosciences, University of Liège, Belgium.
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99
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Pechenizkiy M, Bakker J, Žliobaitė I, Ivannikov A, Kärkkäinen T. Online mass flow prediction in CFB boilers with explicit detection of sudden concept drift. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1145/1809400.1809423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Fuel feeding and inhomogeneity of fuel typically cause fluctuations in the circulating fluidized bed (CFB) process. If control systems fail to compensate the fluctuations, the whole plant will suffer from dynamics that is reinforced by the closed-loop controls. This phenomenon causes reducing efficiency and the lifetime of process components. In this paper we address the problem of online mass flow prediction, which is a part of control. Particularly, we consider the problem of learning an accurate predictor with explicit detection of abrupt concept drift and noise handling mechanisms. We emphasize the importance of having domain knowledge concerning the considered case and constructing the ground truth for facilitating the quantitative evaluation of different approaches. We demonstrate the performance of change detection methods and show their effect on the accuracy of the online mass flow prediction with real datasets collected from the experimental laboratory-scale CFB boiler.
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100
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Brock O, Keller M, Veyrac A, Douhard Q, Bakker J. Short term treatment with estradiol decreases the rate of newly generated cells in the subventricular zone and main olfactory bulb of adult female mice. Neuroscience 2010; 166:368-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.12.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2009] [Revised: 12/18/2009] [Accepted: 12/21/2009] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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