51
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Kosanovic D, Platzek SM, Petrovic A, Sydykov A, Maripov A, Mamazhakypov A, Sartmyrzaeva M, Muratali Uulu K, Cholponbaeva M, Toktosunova A, Omurzakova N, Duishobaev M, Vroom C, Pak O, Weissmann N, Ghofrani HA, Sarybaev A, Schermuly RT. Circulating Apoptotic Signals During Acute and Chronic Exposure to High Altitude in Kyrgyz Population. Front Physiol 2019; 10:54. [PMID: 30804801 PMCID: PMC6370645 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Circulating apoptotic signals (CASs) have been described in the pathologies associated with dysregulated apoptosis, such as cancer, heart diseases, and pulmonary hypertension (PH). However, nothing is known about the expression profiles of these markers in the circulation of humans exposed to acute and chronic effects of high altitude (HA). Methods: Gene expression levels of different apoptotic signals (ASs) were analyzed in human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) upon hypoxia incubation. In addition, we measured the plasma values of relevant CAS in Kyrgyz volunteers during acute and chronic exposure to HA. Finally, we analyzed the effects of pro-apoptotic mediator Fas ligand (FasL) on apoptosis and proliferation of human PASMCs. Results: Several cellular AS were increased in PASMCs exposed to hypoxia, in comparison to normoxia condition. Among analyzed CAS, there was a prominent reduction of FasL in lowlanders exposed to HA environment. Furthermore, decreased circulatory levels of FasL were found in highlanders with HA-induced PH (HAPH), as compared to the lowland controls. Furthermore, FasL concentration in plasma negatively correlated with tricuspid regurgitant gradient values. Finally, FasL exerted pro-apoptotic and anti-proliferative effects on PASMCs. Conclusion: Our data demonstrated that circulating levels of FasL are reduced during acute and chronic exposure to HA environment. In addition, dysregulated FasL may play a role in the context of HAPH due to its relevant functions on apoptosis and proliferation of PASMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Djuro Kosanovic
- Chair for Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany.,Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Simon Maximilian Platzek
- Chair for Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
| | - Aleksandar Petrovic
- Chair for Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
| | - Akylbek Sydykov
- Chair for Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
| | - Abdirashit Maripov
- Kyrgyz National Centre for Cardiology and Internal Medicine, named after Academician Mirsaid Mirrakhimov, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Argen Mamazhakypov
- Chair for Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
| | - Meerim Sartmyrzaeva
- Kyrgyz National Centre for Cardiology and Internal Medicine, named after Academician Mirsaid Mirrakhimov, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Kubatbek Muratali Uulu
- Kyrgyz National Centre for Cardiology and Internal Medicine, named after Academician Mirsaid Mirrakhimov, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Meerim Cholponbaeva
- Kyrgyz National Centre for Cardiology and Internal Medicine, named after Academician Mirsaid Mirrakhimov, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Aidana Toktosunova
- Kyrgyz National Centre for Cardiology and Internal Medicine, named after Academician Mirsaid Mirrakhimov, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Nazgul Omurzakova
- Kyrgyz National Centre for Cardiology and Internal Medicine, named after Academician Mirsaid Mirrakhimov, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Melis Duishobaev
- Kyrgyz National Centre for Cardiology and Internal Medicine, named after Academician Mirsaid Mirrakhimov, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Christina Vroom
- Chair for Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
| | - Oleg Pak
- Chair for Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
| | - Norbert Weissmann
- Chair for Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
| | - Hossein Ardeschir Ghofrani
- Chair for Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
| | - Akpay Sarybaev
- Kyrgyz National Centre for Cardiology and Internal Medicine, named after Academician Mirsaid Mirrakhimov, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Ralph Theo Schermuly
- Chair for Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
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52
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Jandl K, Thekkekara Puthenparampil H, Marsh LM, Hoffmann J, Wilhelm J, Veith C, Sinn K, Klepetko W, Olschewski H, Olschewski A, Brock M, Kwapiszewska G. Long non-coding RNAs influence the transcriptome in pulmonary arterial hypertension: the role of PAXIP1-AS1. J Pathol 2019; 247:357-370. [PMID: 30450722 PMCID: PMC6900182 DOI: 10.1002/path.5195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH), global transcriptional changes induce a smooth muscle cell phenotype characterised by excessive proliferation, migration, and apoptosis resistance. Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are key regulators of cellular function. Using a compartment‐specific transcriptional profiling approach, we sought to investigate the link between transcriptional reprogramming by lncRNAs and the maladaptive smooth muscle cell phenotype in IPAH. Transcriptional profiling of small remodelled arteries from 18 IPAH patients and 17 controls revealed global perturbations in metabolic, neuronal, proliferative, and immunological processes. We demonstrated an IPAH‐specific lncRNA expression profile and identified the lncRNA PAXIP1‐AS1 as highly abundant. Comparative transcriptomic analysis and functional assays revealed an intrinsic role for PAXIP1‐AS1 in orchestrating the hyperproliferative and migratory actions of IPAH smooth muscle cells. Further, we showed that PAXIP1‐AS1 mechanistically interferes with the focal adhesion axis via regulation of expression and phosphorylation of its downstream target paxillin. Overall, we show that changes in the lncRNA transcriptome contribute to the disease‐specific transcriptional landscape in IPAH. Our results suggest that lncRNAs, such as PAXIP1‐AS1, can modulate smooth muscle cell function by affecting multiple IPAH‐specific transcriptional programmes. © 2018 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Jandl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Leigh M Marsh
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
| | - Julia Hoffmann
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
| | - Jochen Wilhelm
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
| | - Christine Veith
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, German Center for Lung Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
| | - Katharina Sinn
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter Klepetko
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Horst Olschewski
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria.,Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andrea Olschewski
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria.,Otto Loewi Research Center, Chair of Physiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Matthias Brock
- Division of Pulmonology, University Hospital Zürich, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Grazyna Kwapiszewska
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria.,Otto Loewi Research Center, Chair of Physiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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53
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Kitagawa MG, Reynolds JO, Durgan D, Rodney G, Karmouty‐Quintana H, Bryan R, Pandit LM. Twik-2 -/- mouse demonstrates pulmonary vascular heterogeneity in intracellular pathways for vasocontractility. Physiol Rep 2019; 7:e13950. [PMID: 30632293 PMCID: PMC6328926 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown Twik-2-/- mice develop pulmonary hypertension and vascular remodeling. We hypothesized that distal pulmonary arteries (D-PAs) of the Twik-2-/- mice are hypercontractile under physiological venous conditions due to altered electrophysiologic properties between the conduit and resistance vessels in the pulmonary vascular bed. We measured resting membrane potential and intracellular calcium through Fura-2 in freshly digested pulmonary artery smooth muscles (PASMCs) from both the right main (RM-PA) and D-PA (distal) regions of pulmonary artery from WT and Twik-2-/- mice. Whole segments of RM-PAs and D-PAs from 20 to 24-week-old wildtype (WT) and Twik-2-/- mice were also pressurized between two glass micropipettes and bathed in buffer with either arterial or venous conditions. Abluminally-applied phenylephrine (PE) and U46619 were added to the buffer at log increments and vessel diameter was measured. All values were expressed as averages with ±SEM. Vasoconstrictor responses did not differ between WT and Twik-2-/- RM-PAs under arterial conditions. Under venous conditions, Twik-2-/- RM-PAs showed an increased sensitivity to PE with a lower EC50 (P = 0.02). Under venous conditions, Twik-2-/- D-PAs showed an increase maximal vasoconstrictor response to both phenylephrine and U46619 compared to the WT mice (P < 0.05). Isolated PASMCs from Twik-2 -/- D-PA were depolarized and had higher intracellular calcium levels compared to PASMCs from RM-PA of both WT and Twik-2-/- mice. These studies suggest that hypercontractile responses and electrophysiologic properties unique to the anatomic location of the D-PAs may contribute to pulmonary hypertensive vasculopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Lavannya M. Pandit
- Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTexas
- Michael E.DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical CenterHoustonTexas
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54
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Luo J, Gu Y, Liu P, Jiang X, Yu W, Ye P, Chao Y, Yang H, Zhu L, Zhou L, Chen S. Berberine attenuates pulmonary arterial hypertension via protein phosphatase 2A signaling pathway both in vivo and in vitro. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:9750-9762. [PMID: 30078229 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Excessive proliferation, migration, and antiapoptosis of pulmonary artery (PA) smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) underlies the development of pulmonary vascular remodeling. The innervation of the PA is predominantly sympathetic, and increased levels of circulating catecholamines have been detected in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), suggesting that neurotransmitters released by sympathetic overactivation may play an essential role in PAH. However, the responsible mechanism remains unclear. Here, to investigate the effects of norepinephrine (NE) on PASMCs and the related mechanism, we used 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide, the proliferating cell nuclear antigen and the cell counting kit-8 assay to evaluate the proliferation of PASMCs, Boyden chamber migration, and wound-healing assays to assess migration and western blot analysis to investigate protein expression. We demonstrated that the phosphorylation level of the protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) catalytic subunit (Y307) was higher in PAH patients and PAH models than in controls, both in vivo and in vitro. In addition, NE induced the proliferation and migration of PASMCs, which was attenuated by berberine (BBR), a Chinese herbal medicine, and/or PP2A overexpression. PP2A inhibition worsened NE-induced PAH and could not be reversed by BBR. Thus, PP2A is critical in driving PAH, and BBR may alleviate PAH via PP2A signaling pathways, thereby offering a potential therapeutic option for PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Gu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaomin Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wande Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuelin Chao
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongfeng Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Linlin Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shaoliang Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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55
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Barnes EA, Lee L, Barnes SL, Brenner R, Alvira CM, Cornfield DN. β1-Subunit of the calcium-sensitive potassium channel modulates the pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cell response to hypoxia. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2018; 315:L265-L275. [PMID: 29644895 PMCID: PMC6139656 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00060.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Accessory subunits associated with the calcium-sensitive potassium channel (BKCa), a major determinant of vascular tone, confer functional and anatomical diversity. The β1 subunit increases Ca2+ and voltagesensitivity of the BKCa channel and is expressed exclusively in smooth muscle cells. Evidence supporting the physiological significance of the β1 subunit includes the observations that murine models with deletion of the β1 subunit are hypertensive and that humans with a gain-of-function β1 mutation are at a decreased risk of diastolic hypertension. However, whether the β1 subunit of the BKCa channel contributes to the low tone that characterizes the normal pulmonary circulation or modulates the pulmonary vascular response to hypoxia remains unknown. To determine the role of the BKCa channel β1 subunit in the regulation of pulmonary vascular tone and the response to acute and chronic hypoxia, mice with deletion of the Kcnmb1 gene that encodes for the β1 subunit ( Kcnmb1-/-) were placed in chronic hypoxia (10% O2) for 21-24 days. In normoxia, right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) did not differ between Kcnmb1+/+ (controls) and Kcnmb1-/- mice. After exposure to either acute or chronic hypoxia, RVSP was higher in Kcnmb1-/- mice compared with Kcnmb1+/+ mice, without increased vascular remodeling. β1 subunit expression was predominantly confined to pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) from vessels ≤ 150 µm. Peripheral PASMCs contracted collagen gels irrespective of β1 expression. Focal adhesion expression and Rho kinase activity were greater in Kcnmb1-/- compared with Kcnmb1+/+ PASMCs. Compromised PASMC β1 function may contribute to the heightened microvascular vasoconstriction that characterizes pulmonary hypertension.
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MESH Headings
- Acute Disease
- Animals
- Chronic Disease
- Focal Adhesions/genetics
- Focal Adhesions/metabolism
- Focal Adhesions/pathology
- Gene Deletion
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/genetics
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/metabolism
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/pathology
- Hypoxia/genetics
- Hypoxia/metabolism
- Hypoxia/pathology
- Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channel beta Subunits/genetics
- Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channel beta Subunits/metabolism
- Lung/blood supply
- Lung/metabolism
- Lung/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Pulmonary Artery/metabolism
- Pulmonary Artery/pathology
- Vasoconstriction
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Barnes
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California
| | - Lori Lee
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California
| | - Shayna L Barnes
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California
| | - Robert Brenner
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center , San Antonio, Texas
| | - Cristina M Alvira
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California
| | - David N Cornfield
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California
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56
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Wang Y, Huang X, Leng D, Li J, Wang L, Liang Y, Wang J, Miao R, Jiang T. DNA methylation signatures of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Physiol Genomics 2018; 50:313-322. [PMID: 29473816 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00069.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a life-threatening disease, which is often underpinned by vascular remodeling. Pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) are the main participants in vascular remodeling. However, their biological role in CTEPH is not entirely clear. In the present study, we analyzed the whole epigenome-wide DNA methylation profile of cultured PASMCs from CTEPH and control cell lines with the Illumina Human Methylation 450K BeadChip. A total of 6,829 significantly differentially methylated probes (DMPs) were detected between these two groups. Among these, 4,246 DMPs were hypermethylated, while 2,583 DMPs were hypomethylated. The functional enrichment analysis of 1,743 DMPs in the promoter regions and corresponding genes indicated that DNA hypermethylation and hypomethylation might be involved in the regulation of genes that have multifarious biological roles, including roles in cancer-related diseases, the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton, cell adhesion, and pattern specification processes. The observed methylations were categorized into the most important functions, including those involved in cell proliferation, immunity, and migration. We speculate that these methylations were most likely involved in the possible pathophysiology of CTEPH. Gene interaction analysis pertaining to signal networks confirmed that PIK3CA and PIK3R1 were important mediators in these whole networks. The mRNA levels of PIK3CA, HIC1, and SSH1 were verified by qPCR and corresponded with DNA methylation differences. Understanding epigenetic features associated with CTEPH may provide new insights into the mechanism that underlie this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Respiratory and Pulmonary Circulation Disorders, Institute of Respiratory Medicine , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory and Pulmonary Circulation Disorders, Institute of Respiratory Medicine , Beijing , People's Republic of China.,Medical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Leng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Respiratory and Pulmonary Circulation Disorders, Institute of Respiratory Medicine , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Jifeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory and Pulmonary Circulation Disorders, Institute of Respiratory Medicine , Beijing , People's Republic of China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Liang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Respiratory and Pulmonary Circulation Disorders, Institute of Respiratory Medicine , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Physiology, Capital Medical University , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Miao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Respiratory and Pulmonary Circulation Disorders, Institute of Respiratory Medicine , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , People's Republic of China.,Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University , Beijing , People's Republic of China
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57
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Wang GK, Li SH, Zhao ZM, Liu SX, Zhang GX, Yang F, Wang Y, Wu F, Zhao XX, Xu ZY. Inhibition of heat shock protein 90 improves pulmonary arteriole remodeling in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Oncotarget 2018; 7:54263-54273. [PMID: 27472464 PMCID: PMC5342340 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
While the molecular chaperone heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is involved in a multitude of physiological and pathological processes, its role relating to pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the effect in which HSP90 improves pulmonary arteriole remodeling, and explored the therapeutic utility of targeting HSP90 as therapeutic drug for PAH. By Elisa and immunohistochemistry, HSP90 was found to be increased in both plasma and membrane walls of pulmonary arterioles from PAH patients. Moreover, plasma HSP90 levels positively correlated with mean pulmonary arterial pressure and C-reactive protein. In a monocrotaline-induced rat model of PH, we found that 17-AAG, a HSP90-inhibitor, alleviated the progress of PH, demonstrated by lower pulmonary arterial pressure and absence of right ventricular hypertrophy. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that 17-AAG improved pulmonary arteriole remodeling on the basis of reduced wall thickness and wall area. The inflammatory response attributed to PH could be attenuated by 17-AAG through reduction of NF-κB signaling. Moreover, 17-AAG was found to suppress PDGF-stimulated proliferation and migration of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) through induction of cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase. In conclusion, HSP90 inhibitor 17-AAG could improve pulmonary arteriole remodeling via inhibiting the excessive proliferation of PASMCs, and inhibition of HSP90 may represent a therapeutic avenue for the treatment of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Kun Wang
- Institution of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Song-Hua Li
- Department of Cardiology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Min Zhao
- Institution of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Su-Xuan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guan-Xin Zhang
- Institution of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Institution of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Institution of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Wu
- Department of Cardiology, 98th Military Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xian-Xian Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Yun Xu
- Institution of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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58
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Kwon MY, Hwang N, Park YJ, Perrella MA, Chung SW. NOD2 deficiency exacerbates hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension and enhances pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. Oncotarget 2018; 9:12671-12681. [PMID: 29560100 PMCID: PMC5849164 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Expression of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain protein 2 (NOD2) is upregulated in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) during hypoxia. To investigate the involvement of NOD2 in the pulmonary vascular response to hypoxia, we subjected wild-type and NOD2-deficient mice to chronic normobaric hypoxic conditions. Compared to wild-type mice, NOD2-deficient mice developed severe pulmonary hypertension with exaggerated elevation of right ventricular systolic pressure, profound right ventricular hypertrophy and striking vascular remodeling after exposure to hypoxia. Pulmonary vascular remodeling in NOD2-deficient mice was characterized by increased PASMC proliferation. Furthermore, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α expression and Akt phosphorylation were upregulated in PASMCs from NOD2-deficient mice exposed to hypoxia. Our findings revealed that the absence of NOD2 exacerbated hypoxia-induced PASMC proliferation, pulmonary hypertension and vascular remodeling, but had no effect on PASMC migration or contractility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Young Kwon
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Narae Hwang
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Young-Jun Park
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Mark A Perrella
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, and Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Su Wol Chung
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, South Korea
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59
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Hu H, Ding Y, Wang Y, Geng S, Liu J, He J, Lu Y, Li X, Yuan M, Zhu S, Zhao S. MitoK ATP channels promote the proliferation of hypoxic human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells via the ROS/HIF/miR-210/ISCU signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:6105-6112. [PMID: 29285165 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous results have indicated that mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium (mitoKATP) channels are associated with the hypoxic proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). However, the mechanism underlying the promotive effects of mitoKATP channels on cell proliferation in response to hypoxia remains unknown. mitoKATP channel opening results in a collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential and generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS). As hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is a critical oxygen sensor and major transcriptional regulator of the hypoxic adaptive response, the current study assessed whether mitoKATP opening contributes to the chronic proliferation of human PASMCs (hPASMCs) in collaboration with HIF-1α and its downstream targets under hypoxic conditions. The present study demonstrated that there was crosstalk between mitoKATP channels and HIF-1α signaling in PASMCs under hypoxic conditions. The results suggest that mitoKATP channels are involved in the proliferation of PASMCs during hypoxia through upregulation of the ROS/HIF/microRNA-210/iron-sulfur cluster protein signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongling Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Yu Ding
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis of Hubei, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China.,Central Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Geng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Jue Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Jinrong He
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis of Hubei, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China.,Central Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Yang Lu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Xueying Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Mingli Yuan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Shan Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Su Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
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Lu Y, Huang J, Geng S, Chen H, Song C, Zhu S, Zhao S, Yuan M, Li X, Hu H. MitoKATP regulating HIF/miR210/ISCU signaling axis and formation of a positive feedback loop in chronic hypoxia-induced PAH rat model. Exp Ther Med 2017; 13:1697-1701. [PMID: 28565755 PMCID: PMC5443288 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we studied the mechanism of mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium (mitoKATP) channels regulating hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α/microRNA (miR)-210/mitochondrial iron-sulfur protein integrin (ISCU) signaling axis and forming a positive feedback loop in chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) by using in vivo animal model. Two hundred healthy adult SPF Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups: Control, a mimic miR-210 agent (mimic-210) intervention, a miR-210 inhibitor (anti-210) intervention, a chronic PAH and an anti-210 intervention PAH groups, with 40 rats in each group. After the chronic PAH rat model was successfully established, the rats were intervened with mimic-210 and anti-210. The pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) of rats in each group were acutely isolated and the activity of mitoKATP and mitochondria-derived oxygen free radicals reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected. RT-qPCR was used to detect the gene of HIF-1α/miR-210/ISCU and western blot analysis was used to detect the protein of HIF-1α and ISCU. The gene and protein expression were detected again after mitoKATP-specific opener diazoxide and blocker 5-HD was given via tail vein and took effect on each group of rats, respectively. Additionally, the indicators were detected again after ISCU recombinant protein was given via tail vein and ISCU small interfering RNA (siRNA) via nasal feeding and took effect on each group of rats, respectively. It was found that the activity of mitoKATP and ROS and the gene and protein levels of HIF-1α/miR-210/ISCU of the mimic-210 group were significantly higher than those of the control group while that of the anti-210 group was significantly reduced (P<0.05). The indicators in the chronic PAH group were significantly higher than those of the control group while those of the anti-210 intervention PAH group were significantly reduced (P<0.05). The indicators of all the groups were increased after being given mitoKATP specific opener diazoxide. The indicators of all the groups were significantly reduced after receiving blocker 5-HD (P<0.05). The indicators of all the groups were significantly reduced after given ISCU recombinant protein. The indicators of all the groups increased following ISCU siRNA, and there was a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). In conclusion, the mechanism of mitoKATP regulating the HIF-1α/miR-210/ISCU signaling axis and formation of a positive feedback loop exists in the PAH rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis of Hubei Province, Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430017, P.R. China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis of Hubei Province, Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430017, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Geng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis of Hubei Province, Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430017, P.R. China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis of Hubei Province, Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430017, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Song
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis of Hubei Province, Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430017, P.R. China
| | - Shan Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis of Hubei Province, Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430017, P.R. China
| | - Su Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis of Hubei Province, Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430017, P.R. China
| | - Mingli Yuan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis of Hubei Province, Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430017, P.R. China
| | - Xueying Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis of Hubei Province, Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430017, P.R. China
| | - Hongling Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis of Hubei Province, Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430017, P.R. China
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Yan L, Gao H, Li C, Han X, Qi X. Effect of miR-23a on anoxia-induced phenotypic transformation of smooth muscle cells of rat pulmonary arteries and regulatory mechanism. Oncol Lett 2016; 13:89-98. [PMID: 28123527 PMCID: PMC5245139 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the possible implication of miR-23a in anoxia-induced phenotypic transformation of the pulmonary arterial smooth muscle and studied the mechanism of upregulation of miR-23a expression in anoxia. The collagenase digestion method was used for preparing rat primary pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMC) culture. SM-MHC, SM-α-actin, calponin-1 and SM22α protein expression levels were evaluated using western blot analysis after the ASMCs were subjected to anoxia treatment (3% O2). Transfection with miR-23a mimics were conducted when PASMCs were under normoxia and anoxia conditions. EdU staining was used to detect the proliferative activity of PASMCs. Cells were transfected with HIF-1α specific siRNA under anoxia condition. RT-qPCR was used to detect miR-23a expression in PASMCs. Chromatin immunoprecipitation method was employed to verify the binding sites of HIF-1α. The dual-luciferase reporter gene was used to study the role of HIF-1 and its binding sites. Rat hypoxic pulmonary hypertension models were established to study the expression of miR-23a using RT-qPCR method and to verify the expression of miR-23a in the arteriole of the rat pulmonary. Our results showed that compared with normoxia condition, under anoxia condition (3% O2), the expression levels of the contractile phenotype marker proteins decreased significantly after 24 and 48 h. The positive rate of the EdU staining increased significantly and the expression of miR-23a increased. Transfection with miR-23a-mimic downregulated the expression of contractile marker proteins and improved the positive rate of the EdU staining under normoxia. Anoxia and transfection with HIF-1α enhanced the activity of the wild-type Luc-miR-23a-1 (WT) reporter gene. We concluded that miR-23a participated in the anoxia-induced phenotypic transformation of PASMCs. Increased expression of miR-23a under anoxia may primarily be due to miR-23a-1 and miR-23a-3 upregulation. The anoxia-induced upregulation of miR-23a was regulated by HIF-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, P.R. China; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Haixiang Gao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Chunzhi Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Xiaowen Han
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyong Qi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, P.R. China; Department of Heart Disease Center, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
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Fan J, Fan X, Li Y, Ding L, Zheng Q, Guo J, Xia D, Xue F, Wang Y, Liu S, Gong Y. Chronic Normobaric Hypoxia Induces Pulmonary Hypertension in Rats: Role of NF-κB. High Alt Med Biol 2016; 17:43-9. [PMID: 26788753 DOI: 10.1089/ham.2015.0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate whether nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation is involved in chronic normobaric hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (PH), rats were treated with saline or an NF-κB inhibitor, pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC, 150 mg/kg, sc, twice daily), and exposed to normoxia or chronic normobaric hypoxia with a fraction of inspired oxygen of ∼0.1 for 14 days. Lung tissue levels of NF-κB activity, and interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and cyclooxygenase-2 mRNAs, were determined, and mean pulmonary arterial pressure, right ventricular hypertrophy, and right heart function were evaluated. Compared to the normoxia exposure group, rats exposed to chronic normobaric hypoxia showed an increased NF-κB activity, measured by increased nuclear translocation of p50 and p65 proteins, an increased inflammatory gene expression in the lungs, elevated mean pulmonary arterial blood pressure and mean right ventricular pressure, right ventricular hypertrophy, as assessed by right ventricle-to-left ventricle plus septum weight ratio, and right heart dysfunction. Treatment of hypoxia-exposed rats with PDTC inhibited NF-κB activity, decreased pulmonary arterial blood pressure and right ventricular pressure, and ameliorated right ventricular hypertrophy and right heart dysfunction. Hypoxia exposure increased protein kinase C activity and promoted pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation in vitro. Our data suggest that NF-κB activation may contribute to chronic normobaric hypoxia-induced PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junming Fan
- 1 Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaofang Fan
- 1 Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yang Li
- 1 Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lu Ding
- 1 Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qingqing Zheng
- 1 Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinbin Guo
- 1 Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dongmei Xia
- 1 Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feng Xue
- 1 Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongyu Wang
- 1 Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shufang Liu
- 2 The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research and Hofstra North Shore LIJ School of Medicine , Manhasset, New York
| | - Yongsheng Gong
- 1 Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Yang Z, Zhuan B, Yan Y, Jiang S, Wang T. Roles of different mitochondrial electron transport chain complexes in hypoxia-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction. Cell Biol Int 2015; 40:188-95. [PMID: 26454147 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the roles of different mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) complexes (I, II, III, and IV) on hypoxia-induced hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV). The third and fourth pulmonary arteries were collected from the normal tissues adjacent to tumors in 16 patients with lung cancer who had undergone lung cancer resections to isolate pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). PASMCs were divided into seven groups and exposed to one of the following treatments: (1) normoxia (21% O(2), 5% CO(2), and 74% N(2)); (2) hypoxia (1% O(2), 5% CO(2), 94% N(2)); (3) hypoxia plus ETC complex I inhibitor MPP; (4) hypoxia plus ETC complex II inhibitor TTFA; (5) hypoxia plus ETC complex III Q(o) (pre) site inhibitor myxothiazol; (6) hypoxia plus ETC complex III Qi (post) site inhibitor antimycin A; (7) hypoxia plus ETC complex IV inhibitor NaN(3). Intracellular [Ca(2+) ]i and [ROS]i, mitochondrial [ROS]i, and PA rings tension were measured. Intracellular [Ca(2+) ]i and [ROS]i, mitochondrial [ROS]i, and PA ring tension were increased after hypoxia for 10 min. Mitochondrial ETC complex inhibitor MPP, TTFA, and myxothiazol significantly reduced [Ca(2+) ]i [ROS]i and PA tension (P < 0.01), whereas antimycin A and NaN(3) did not effectively reduce them. These results demonstrated it were mitochondrial ETC complex I, II, and III Q(o) site but not III Q(i) site and complex IV contribute to hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction and pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ningxia People's Hospital, Yinchuan, 750011, China
| | - Bing Zhuan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ningxia People's Hospital, Yinchuan, 750011, China
| | - Ying Yan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ningxia People's Hospital, Yinchuan, 750011, China
| | - Simin Jiang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
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Xu D, Gu JT, Yi B, Chen L, Wang GS, Qian GS, Lu KZ. Requirement of miR-9-dependent regulation of Myocd in PASMCs phenotypic modulation and proliferation induced by hepatopulmonary syndrome rat serum. J Cell Mol Med 2015; 19:2453-61. [PMID: 26147104 PMCID: PMC4594686 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) is characterized by a triad of severe liver disease, intrapulmonary vascular dilation and hypoxaemia. Pulmonary vascular remodelling (PVR) is a key feature of HPS pathology. Our previous studies have established the role of the pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMC) phenotypic modulation and proliferation in HPS-associated PVR. Myocardin, a robust transcriptional coactivator of serum response factor, plays a critical role in the vascular smooth muscle cell phenotypic switch. However, the mechanism regulating myocardin upstream signalling remains unclear. In this study, treatment of rat PASMCs with serum drawn from common bile duct ligation rats, which model symptoms of HPS, resulted in a significant increase in miR-9 expression correlated with a decrease in expression of myocardin and the phenotypic markers SM-α-actin and smooth muscle-specific myosin heavy chain (SM-MHC). Furthermore, miRNA functional analysis and luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that miR-9 effectively regulated myocardin expression by directly binding to its 3′-untranslated region. Both the knockdown of miR-9 and overexpression of myocardin effectively attenuated the HPS rat serum-induced phenotype switch and proliferation of PASMCs. Taken together, the findings of our present study demonstrate that miR-9 is required in HPS rat serum-induced phenotypic modulation and proliferation of PASMCs for targeting of myocardin and that miR-9 may serve as a potential therapeutic target in HPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Xu
- Department of Anaesthesia, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian-teng Gu
- Department of Anaesthesia, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bin Yi
- Department of Anaesthesia, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Anaesthesia, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guan-song Wang
- Institute of Respiratory Disease, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gui-sheng Qian
- Institute of Respiratory Disease, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kai-zhi Lu
- Department of Anaesthesia, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Dai ZK, Liu YW, Hsu JH, Yeh JL, Chen IJ, Wu JR, Wu BN. The Xanthine Derivative KMUP-1 Attenuates Serotonin-Induced Vasoconstriction and K⁺-Channel Inhibitory Activity via the PKC Pathway in Pulmonary Arteries. Int J Biol Sci 2015; 11:633-42. [PMID: 25999786 PMCID: PMC4440253 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.11127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is a potent pulmonary vasoconstrictor that promotes pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMC) proliferation. 5-HT-induced K+ channel inhibition increases [Ca2+]i in PASMCs, which is a major trigger for pulmonary vasoconstriction and development of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). This study investigated whether KMUP-1 reduces pulmonary vasoconstriction in isolated pulmonary arteries (PAs) and attenuates 5-HT-inhibited K+ channel activities in PASMCs. In endothelium-denuded PA rings, KMUP-1 (1 μM) dose-dependently reduced 5-HT (100 μM) mediated contractile responses. Responses to KMUP-1 were reversed by K+ channel inhibitors (TEA, 10 mM, 4-aminopyridine, 5 mM, and paxilline, 10 μM). In primary PASMCs, KMUP-1 also dose-dependently restored 5-HT-inhibited voltage-gated K+-channel (Kv1.5 and Kv2.1) and large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+-channel (BKCa) proteins, as confirmed by immunofluorescent staining. Furthermore, 5-HT (10 μM)-inhibited Kv1.5 protein was unaffected by the PKA inhibitor KT5720 (1 μM) and the PKC activator PMA (1 μM), but these effects were reversed by KMUP-1 (1 μM), 8-Br-cAMP (100 μM), chelerythrine (1 μM), and KMUP-1 combined with a PKA/PKC activator or inhibitor. Notably, KMUP-1 reversed 5-HT-inhibited Kv1.5 protein and this response was significantly attenuated by co-incubation with the PKC activator PMA, suggesting that 5-HT-mediated PKC signaling can be modulated by KMUP-1. In conclusion, KMUP-1 ameliorates 5-HT-induced vasoconstriction and K+-channel inhibition through the PKC pathway, which could be valuable to prevent the development of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zen-Kong Dai
- 1. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Pulmonology and Cardiology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wei Liu
- 2. Department of Pharmacology, Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jong-Hau Hsu
- 1. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Pulmonology and Cardiology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jwu-Lai Yeh
- 2. Department of Pharmacology, Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ing-Jun Chen
- 2. Department of Pharmacology, Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jiunn-Ren Wu
- 1. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Pulmonology and Cardiology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Bin-Nan Wu
- 2. Department of Pharmacology, Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Liu X, Meng L, Li J, Meng J, Teng X, Gu H, Hu S, Wei Y. Secretory clusterin is upregulated in rats with pulmonary arterial hypertension induced by systemic-to-pulmonary shunts and exerts important roles in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2015; 213:505-18. [PMID: 25069740 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 06/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM Phenotype modification of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) (excessive proliferation, migration and impaired apoptosis) plays central roles in pulmonary vascular remodelling of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH); however, the potential mechanism and contributing factors involved in the phenotype alteration in PASMCs are still not completely elucidated. This study attempted to investigate the expression pattern of secretory clusterin (sCLU), a prosurvival protein, in systemic-to-pulmonary shunt-induced PAH rats and the potential roles of sCLU in pulmonary vascular remodelling. METHODS An original rat model of systemic-to-pulmonary shunt-induced PAH was established by combined surgery as we previously reported. Lung tissues were harvested at specific time points for real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot and immunohistochemisty analysis; meanwhile, plasma was collected for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Cell culture experiments were performed using cultured human PASMCs (HPASMCs). RESULTS Expression of sCLU was significantly increased in lungs exposed to systemic-to-pulmonary shunt. Moreover, plasma sCLU levels were markedly elevated with the progression of PAH in rats and also presented a positive correlation with pulmonary hemodynamic indices. In vitro cell culture assay indicated that sCLU expression and secretion increased with the phenotype modification of HPASMCs; furthermore, sCLU promoted HPASMCs proliferation, migration and apoptosis resistance, at least in part, via Erk1/2 and Akt signalling pathways. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that sCLU is functionally an important phenotype modulator of PASMCs, and its upregulation in lung tissues may exert a deteriorative role in pulmonary vascular remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- X. Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease; National Center for Cardiovascular Disease; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Fuwai Hospital; Beijing China
- Medical Research Center; Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital; Capital Medical University; Beijing China
| | - L. Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease; National Center for Cardiovascular Disease; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Fuwai Hospital; Beijing China
| | - J. Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease; National Center for Cardiovascular Disease; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Fuwai Hospital; Beijing China
| | - J. Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease; National Center for Cardiovascular Disease; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Fuwai Hospital; Beijing China
| | - X. Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease; National Center for Cardiovascular Disease; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Fuwai Hospital; Beijing China
| | - H. Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease; National Center for Cardiovascular Disease; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Fuwai Hospital; Beijing China
| | - S. Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease; National Center for Cardiovascular Disease; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Fuwai Hospital; Beijing China
| | - Y. Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease; National Center for Cardiovascular Disease; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Fuwai Hospital; Beijing China
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Jin H, Wang Y, Zhou L, Liu L, Zhang P, Deng W, Yuan Y. Melatonin attenuates hypoxic pulmonary hypertension by inhibiting the inflammation and the proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells. J Pineal Res 2014; 57:442-50. [PMID: 25251287 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia-induced inflammation and excessive proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) play important roles in the pathological process of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH). Melatonin possesses anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative properties. However, the effect of melatonin on HPH remains unclear. In this study, adult Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to intermittent chronic hypoxia for 4 wk to mimic a severe HPH condition. Hemodynamic and pulmonary pathomorphology data showed that chronic hypoxia significantly increased right ventricular systolic pressures (RVSP), weight of the right ventricle/left ventricle plus septum (RV/LV+S) ratio, and median width of pulmonary arterioles. Melatonin attenuated the elevation of RVSP, RV/LV+S, and mitigated the pulmonary vascular structure remodeling. Melatonin also suppressed the hypoxia-induced high expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). In vitro, melatonin concentration-dependently inhibited the proliferation of PASMCs and the levels of phosphorylation of Akt and extracellular signal-regulated kinases1/2 (ERK1/2) caused by hypoxia. These results suggested that melatonin might potentially prevent HPH via anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Jin
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University Cancer Center, Dalian, China; Department of Anatomy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
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Chettimada S, Joshi SR, Alzoubi A, Gebb SA, McMurtry IF, Gupte R, Gupte SA. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase plays a critical role in hypoxia-induced CD133+ progenitor cells self-renewal and stimulates their accumulation in the lungs of pulmonary hypertensive rats. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2014; 307:L545-56. [PMID: 25063801 PMCID: PMC7199226 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00303.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Although hypoxia is detrimental to most cell types, it aids survival of progenitor cells and is associated with diseases like cancer and pulmonary hypertension in humans. Therefore, understanding the underlying mechanisms that promote survival of progenitor cells in hypoxia and then developing novel therapies to stop their growth in hypoxia-associated human diseases is important. Here we demonstrate that the proliferation and growth of human CD133(+) progenitor cells, which contribute to tumorigenesis and the development of pulmonary hypertension, are increased when cultured under hypoxic conditions. Furthermore, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity was increased threefold in hypoxic CD133(+) cells. The increased G6PD activity was required for CD133(+) cell proliferation, and their growth was arrested by G6PD inhibition or knockdown. G6PD activity upregulated expression of HIF1α, cyclin A, and phospho-histone H3, thereby promoting CD133(+) cell dedifferentiation and self-renewal and altering cell cycle regulation. When CD133(+) cells were cocultured across a porous membrane from pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), G6PD-dependent H2O2 production and release by PASMCs recruited CD133(+) cells to the membrane, where they attached and expressed smooth muscle markers (α-actin and SM22α). Inhibition of G6PD reduced smooth muscle marker expression in CD133(+) cells under normoxia but not hypoxia. In vivo, CD133(+) cells colocalized with G6PD(+) cells in the perivascular region of lungs from rats with hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. Finally, inhibition of G6PD by dehydroepiandrosterone in pulmonary arterial hypertensive rats nearly abolished CD133(+) cell accumulation around pulmonary arteries and the formation of occlusive lesions. These observations suggest G6PD plays a key role in increasing hypoxia-induced CD133(+) cell survival in hypertensive lungs that differentiate to smooth muscle cells and contribute to pulmonary arterial remodeling during development of pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukrutha Chettimada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Sachindra Raj Joshi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Abdallah Alzoubi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Sarah A Gebb
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama; and
| | - Ivan F McMurtry
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama; Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
| | - Rakhee Gupte
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama;
| | - Sachin A Gupte
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama; Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama
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Penumatsa KC, Toksoz D, Warburton RR, Hilmer AJ, Liu T, Khosla C, Comhair SAA, Fanburg BL. Role of hypoxia-induced transglutaminase 2 in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2014; 307:L576-85. [PMID: 25128524 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00162.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that transglutaminase 2 (TG2) activity is markedly elevated in lungs of hypoxia-exposed rodent models of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Since vascular remodeling of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) is important in PH, we undertook the present study to determine whether TG2 activity is altered in PASMCs with exposure to hypoxia and whether that alteration participates in their proliferative response to hypoxia. Cultured distal bovine (b) and proximal human (h) PASMCs were exposed to hypoxia (3% O2) or normoxia (21% O2). mRNA and protein expression were determined by PCR and Western blot analyses. TG2 activity and function were visualized and determined by fluorescent labeled 5-pentylamine biotin incorporation and immunoblotting of serotonylated fibronectin. Cell proliferation was assessed by [(3)H]thymidine incorporation assay. At 24 h, both TG2 expression and activity were stimulated by hypoxia in bPASMCs. Activation of TG2 by hypoxia was blocked by inhibition of the extracellular calcium-sensing receptor or the transient receptor potential channel V4. In contrast, TG2 expression was blocked by inhibition of the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, supporting the presence of separate mechanisms for stimulation of activity and expression of TG2. Pulmonary arterial hypertension patient-derived hPASMCs were found to proliferate significantly more rapidly and respond to hypoxia more strongly than control-derived hPASMCs. Similar to bovine cells, hypoxia-induced proliferation of patient-derived cells was blocked by inhibition of TG2 activity. Our results suggest an important role for TG2, mediated by intracellular calcium fluxes and HIF-1α, in hypoxia-induced PASMC proliferation and possibly in vascular remodeling in PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna C Penumatsa
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Division, Tufts Medical Center, Tupper Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Deniz Toksoz
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Division, Tufts Medical Center, Tupper Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rod R Warburton
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Division, Tufts Medical Center, Tupper Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andrew J Hilmer
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California; and
| | - Tiegang Liu
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Division, Tufts Medical Center, Tupper Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Chaitan Khosla
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California; and
| | - Suzy A A Comhair
- Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Barry L Fanburg
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Division, Tufts Medical Center, Tupper Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts;
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Montani D, Chaumais M, Guignabert C, Günther S, Girerd B, Jaïs X, Algalarrondo V, Price LC, Savale L, Sitbon O, Simonneau G, Humbert M. Targeted therapies in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Pharmacol Ther 2014; 141:172-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2013.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 08/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Ishii T, Warabi E, Siow RCM, Mann GE. Sequestosome1/p62: a regulator of redox-sensitive voltage-activated potassium channels, arterial remodeling, inflammation, and neurite outgrowth. Free Radic Biol Med 2013; 65:102-116. [PMID: 23792273 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Revised: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Sequestosome1/p62 (SQSTM1) is an oxidative stress-inducible protein regulated by the redox-sensitive transcription factor Nrf2. It is not an antioxidant but known as a multifunctional regulator of cell signaling with an ability to modulate targeted or selective degradation of proteins through autophagy. SQSTM1 implements these functions through physical interactions with different types of proteins including atypical PKCs, nonreceptor-type tyrosine kinase p56(Lck) (Lck), polyubiquitin, and autophagosomal factor LC3. One of the notable physiological functions of SQSTM1 is the regulation of redox-sensitive voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels which are composed of α and β subunits: (Kvα)4 (Kvβ)4. Previous studies have established that SQSTM1 scaffolds PKCζ, enhancing phosphorylation of Kvβ which induces inhibition of pulmonary arterial Kv1.5 channels under acute hypoxia. Recent studies reveal that Lck indirectly interacts with Kv1.3 α subunits and plays a key role in acute hypoxia-induced Kv1.3 channel inhibition in T lymphocytes. Kv1.3 channels provide a signaling platform to modulate the migration and proliferation of arterial smooth muscle cells and activation of T lymphocytes, and hence have been recognized as a therapeutic target for treatment of restenosis and autoimmune diseases. In this review, we focus on the functional interactions of SQSTM1 with Kv channels through two key partners aPKCs and Lck. Furthermore, we provide molecular insights into the functions of SQSTM1 in suppression of proliferation of arterial smooth muscle cells and neointimal hyperplasia following carotid artery ligation, in T lymphocyte differentiation and activation, and in NGF-induced neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuro Ishii
- School of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.
| | - Eiji Warabi
- School of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Richard C M Siow
- Cardiovascular Division, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Giovanni E Mann
- Cardiovascular Division, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
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