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Matsumoto M, Sawada H, Iwata K, Ibi M, Asaoka N, Katsuyama M, Shintani-Ishida K, Ikegaya H, Takegami S, Umemura A, Yabe-Nishimura C. Bortezomib is an effective enhancer for chemical probe-dependent superoxide detection. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:941180. [PMID: 36619644 PMCID: PMC9811382 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.941180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Various chemical probes for the detection of reactive oxygen species have been developed to examine oxidative stress associated with different pathologies. L-012, a luminol-based chemiluminescent probe, is widely used to detect extracellular superoxide because of its high sensitivity. We herein demonstrated that the co-application of the peptide boronic acid proteasome inhibitor, bortezomib, with L-012 significantly increased its luminescence without affecting the background. More than a 5-fold increase was detected in the total luminescence of L-012 in both NADPH oxidase-expressing cells and the xanthine oxidase-dependent cell-free superoxide generation system, but not in their background. Therefore, bortezomib increased the signal-to-background ratio and improved the detection of low levels of superoxide. The application of MLN2238, another peptide boronic acid proteasome inhibitor, also enhanced the luminescence of L-012. In contrast, carfilzomib, an epoxyketone proteasome inhibitor, did not increase luminescence, suggesting that the effects of bortezomib depend on the chemical structure of the peptide boronic acid, but not on its pharmacological effects. Bortezomib-induced enhancements appeared to be specific to the detection of superoxide because the detection of H2O2 by Amplex Red/HRP was not affected by the application of bortezomib. In the quantitative detection of the superoxide-specific oxidative product 2-hydroxyethidium (2-OH-E+), the application of bortezomib resulted in a 2-fold increase in the level of 2-OH-E+. Therefore, bortezomib sensitizes the detection of superoxide in both cell-based and cell-free systems, highlighting a novel feature of compounds containing the peptide boronic acid as powerful enhancers for the detection of superoxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misaki Matsumoto
- 1Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan,*Correspondence: Misaki Matsumoto,
| | - Hikari Sawada
- 1Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazumi Iwata
- 1Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masakazu Ibi
- 1Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nozomi Asaoka
- 1Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masato Katsuyama
- 2Radioisotope Center, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kaori Shintani-Ishida
- 3Department of Forensic Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ikegaya
- 3Department of Forensic Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shigehiko Takegami
- 4Department of Analytical Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Atsushi Umemura
- 1Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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Li X, Deng D, Cataltepe G, Román Á, Buckley CR, Cassano Monte‐Bello C, Skirycz A, Caldana C, Haydon MJ. A reactive oxygen species Ca 2+ signalling pathway identified from a chemical screen for modifiers of sugar-activated circadian gene expression. New Phytol 2022; 236:1027-1041. [PMID: 35842791 PMCID: PMC9804775 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Sugars are essential metabolites for energy and anabolism that can also act as signals to regulate plant physiology and development. Experimental tools to disrupt major sugar signalling pathways are limited. We performed a chemical screen for modifiers of activation of circadian gene expression by sugars to discover pharmacological tools to investigate and manipulate plant sugar signalling. Using a library of commercially available bioactive compounds, we identified 75 confident hits that modified the response of a circadian luciferase reporter to sucrose in dark-adapted Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. We validated the transcriptional effect on a subset of the hits and measured their effects on a range of sugar-dependent phenotypes for 13 of these chemicals. Chemicals were identified that appear to influence known and unknown sugar signalling pathways. Pentamidine isethionate was identified as a modifier of a sugar-activated Ca2+ signal that acts as a calmodulin inhibitor downstream of superoxide in a metabolic signalling pathway affecting circadian rhythms, primary metabolism and plant growth. Our data provide a resource of new experimental tools to manipulate plant sugar signalling and identify novel components of these pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- School of BioSciencesUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVic.3010Australia
| | - Dongjing Deng
- School of BioSciencesUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVic.3010Australia
| | - Gizem Cataltepe
- School of BioSciencesUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVic.3010Australia
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology14476PotsdamGermany
| | - Ángela Román
- School of BioSciencesUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVic.3010Australia
| | | | | | | | - Camila Caldana
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology14476PotsdamGermany
| | - Michael J. Haydon
- School of BioSciencesUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVic.3010Australia
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Fan H, Bhullar KS, Wang Z, Wu J. Soybean-Derived Tripeptide Leu-Ser-Trp (LSW) Protects Human Vascular Endothelial Cells from TNFα-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammation via Modulating TNFα Receptors and SIRT1. Foods 2022; 11. [PMID: 36359987 DOI: 10.3390/foods11213372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Soybean is a rich source of high-quality proteins and an excellent food source of bioactive peptides. A tripeptide, Leu−Ser−Trp (LSW), was previously identified from soybean as an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory peptide. In the present work, we further studied its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in human vascular endothelial cells (EA.hy926) and elucidated the mechanisms underlying these biological activities. In tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα)-stimulated EA.hy926 cells, LSW significantly inhibited oxidative stress, both reduced superoxide and malondialdehyde levels (p < 0.001), owing to its free-radical-scavenging ability. LSW treatment also mitigated the elevated protein expression of vascular adhesion molecule-1 (p < 0.001) and cyclooxygenase 2 (p < 0.01) via inhibition of NF-κB and p38/JNK signaling, respectively. Additionally, LSW also inhibited the endogenous formation of TNFα and attenuated the expression of its two receptors in EA.hy926 cells. Furthermore, LSW upregulated sirtuin-1 level, which partially contributed to its anti-inflammatory activity. These results demonstrate the multiple roles of LSW in ameliorating vascular endothelial oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, which support its uses as a nutraceutical or functional food ingredient for combating endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases.
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Caruso F, Incerpi S, Pedersen J, Belli S, Kaur S, Rossi M. Aromatic Polyphenol π-π Interactions with Superoxide Radicals Contribute to Radical Scavenging and Can Make Polyphenols Mimic Superoxide Dismutase Activity. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:5209-5220. [PMID: 36354666 PMCID: PMC9689449 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44110354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are valuable natural antioxidants present in our diet that likely mitigate aging effects, neurodegenerative conditions, and other diseases. However, because of their poor absorption in the gut and consequent low concentration in biological fluids (µM range), reservations about polyphenol antioxidant efficiency have been raised. In this review, it is shown that after scavenging superoxide radicals, coumarin, chalcone, and flavonoid polyphenols can reform themselves, becoming ready for additional cycles of scavenging, similar to the catalytic cycle in superoxide dismutase (SOD) action. The π-π interaction between one polyphenol ring and superoxide is associated with oxidation of the latter due to transfer of its unpaired electron to a polyphenolic aromatic ring, and consequent formation of a molecule of O2 (one product of SOD action). Mechanistically, it is very difficult to establish if this π-π interaction proceeds before or after the most common mode of scavenging superoxide, e.g., abstraction of an aromatic polyphenol H(hydroxyl), which then is used to form H2O2 (the other molecule produced by SOD action). At the end of this cycle of superoxide scavenging, 4-methyl-7,8-di-hydroxy-coumarin and the flavonoid galangin reform themselves. An alternative mechanistic pathway by galangin forms the η-(H2O2)-galangin-η-O2 complex that includes additional H2O2 and O2 molecules. Another mode of action is seen with the chalcone butein, in which the polyphenol system incorporates a molecule of O2, e.g., a η-O2-butein complex is formed, ready for additional scavenging. Of the several families of polyphenols analyzed in this review, only butein was able to circumvent an initial π-π interaction, directing the superoxide towards H(hydroxyl) in position 4, e.g., acting as a typical polyphenol scavenger of superoxide. This fact did not impede an additional superoxide to later react with the aromatic ring in π-π fashion. It is concluded that by mimicking SOD enzyme action, the low concentration of polyphenols in biological fluids is not a limiting factor for effective scavenging of superoxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Caruso
- Department of Chemistry, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, NY 12604, USA
| | - Sandra Incerpi
- Department of Sciences, University Roma Tre, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Jens Pedersen
- Department of Biology, University Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Stuart Belli
- Department of Chemistry, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, NY 12604, USA
| | - Sarjit Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, NY 12604, USA
| | - Miriam Rossi
- Department of Chemistry, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, NY 12604, USA
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Mace EH, Kimlinger MJ, No TJ, Dikalov SI, Hennessy C, Shotwell MS, Billings FT, Lopez MG. SOLUBLE GUANYLYL CYCLASE ACTIVATION RESCUES HYPEROXIA-INDUCED DYSFUNCTION OF VASCULAR RELAXATION. Shock 2022; 58:280-286. [PMID: 36018251 PMCID: PMC9588649 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Introduction: Perioperative alterations in perfusion lead to ischemia and reperfusion injury, and supplemental oxygen is administered during surgery to limit hypoxic injury but can lead to hyperoxia. We hypothesized that hyperoxia impairs endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent vasodilation but not the vasodilatory response to heme-independent soluble guanylyl cyclase activation. Methods: We measured the effect of oxygen on vascular reactivity in mouse aortas. Mice were ventilated with 21% (normoxia), 60% (moderate hyperoxia), or 100% (severe hyperoxia) oxygen during 30 minutes of renal ischemia and 30 minutes of reperfusion. After sacrifice, the thoracic aorta was isolated, and segments mounted on a wire myograph. We measured endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent vasodilation with escalating concentrations of acetylcholine (ACh) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP), respectively, and we measured the response to heme-independent soluble guanylyl cyclase activation with cinaciguat. Vasodilator responses to each agonist were quantified as the maximal theoretical response ( Emax ) and the effective concentration to elicit 50% relaxation (EC 50 ) using a sigmoid model and nonlinear mixed-effects regression. Aortic superoxide was measured with dihydroethidium probe and high-performance liquid chromatography quantification of the specific superoxide product 2-hydroxyethidium. Results: Hyperoxia impaired endothelium-dependent (ACh) and endothelium-independent (SNP) vasodilation compared with normoxia and had no effect on cinaciguat-induced vasodilation. The median ACh Emax was 76.4% (95% confidence interval = 69.6 to 83.3) in the normoxia group, 53.5% (46.7 to 60.3) in the moderate hyperoxia group, and 53.1% (46.3 to 60.0) in the severe hyperoxia group ( P < 0.001, effect across groups), while the ACh EC 50 was not different among groups. The SNP Emax was 133.1% (122.9 to 143.3) in normoxia, 128.3% (118.1 to 138.6) in moderate hyperoxia, and 114.8% (104.6 to 125.0) in severe hyperoxia ( P < 0.001, effect across groups), and the SNP EC 50 was 0.38 log M greater in moderate hyperoxia than in normoxia (95% confidence interval = 0.18 to 0.58, P < 0.001). Cinaciguat Emax and EC 50 were not different among oxygen treatment groups (median range Emax = 78.0% to 79.4% and EC 50 = -18.0 to -18.2 log M across oxygen groups). Aorta 2-hydroxyethidium was 1419 pmol/mg of protein (25th-75th percentile = 1178-1513) in normoxia, 1993 (1831-2473) in moderate hyperoxia, and 2078 (1936-2922) in severe hyperoxia ( P = 0.008, effect across groups). Conclusions: Hyperoxia, compared with normoxia, impaired endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent vasodilation but not the response to heme-independent soluble guanylyl cyclase activation, and hyperoxia increased vascular superoxide production. Results from this study could have important implications for patients receiving high concentrations of oxygen and at risk for ischemia reperfusion-mediated organ injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric H Mace
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | | | - Tom J No
- College of Arts and Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Sergey I Dikalov
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Cassandra Hennessy
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Matthew S Shotwell
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Frederic T Billings
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Marcos G Lopez
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
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Rangan P, Lobo F, Parrella E, Rochette N, Morselli M, Stephen TL, Cremonini AL, Tagliafico L, Persia A, Caffa I, Monacelli F, Odetti P, Bonfiglio T, Nencioni A, Pigliautile M, Boccardi V, Mecocci P, Pike CJ, Cohen P, LaDu MJ, Pellegrini M, Xia K, Tran K, Ann B, Chowdhury D, Longo VD. Fasting-mimicking diet cycles reduce neuroinflammation to attenuate cognitive decline in Alzheimer's models. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111417. [PMID: 36170815 PMCID: PMC9648488 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of fasting-mimicking diet (FMD) cycles in reducing many aging and disease risk factors indicate it could affect Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, we show that FMD cycles reduce cognitive decline and AD pathology in E4FAD and 3xTg AD mouse models, with effects superior to those caused by protein restriction cycles. In 3xTg mice, long-term FMD cycles reduce hippocampal Aβ load and hyperphosphorylated tau, enhance genesis of neural stem cells, decrease microglia number, and reduce expression of neuroinflammatory genes, including superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase (Nox2). 3xTg mice lacking Nox2 or mice treated with the NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin also display improved cognition and reduced microglia activation compared with controls. Clinical data indicate that FMD cycles are feasible and generally safe in a small group of AD patients. These results indicate that FMD cycles delay cognitive decline in AD models in part by reducing neuroinflammation and/or superoxide production in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Rangan
- Longevity Institute, School of Gerontology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, 3715 McClintock Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0191, USA
| | - Fleur Lobo
- Longevity Institute, School of Gerontology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, 3715 McClintock Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0191, USA
| | - Edoardo Parrella
- Longevity Institute, School of Gerontology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, 3715 McClintock Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0191, USA; Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, Brescia, BS 25123, Italy
| | - Nicolas Rochette
- Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, University of California, Los Angeles, 611 Charles E. Young Dr. E., Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, 612 Charles E. Young Dr. E., Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Marco Morselli
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Dr. S., Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, University of California, Los Angeles, 611 Charles E. Young Dr. E., Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Terri-Leigh Stephen
- Longevity Institute, School of Gerontology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, 3715 McClintock Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0191, USA
| | - Anna Laura Cremonini
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, Genova, GE 16132, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Luca Tagliafico
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, Genova, GE 16132, Italy
| | - Angelica Persia
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, Genova, GE 16132, Italy
| | - Irene Caffa
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, Genova, GE 16132, Italy
| | - Fiammetta Monacelli
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, Genova, GE 16132, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Patrizio Odetti
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, Genova, GE 16132, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Tommaso Bonfiglio
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, Genova, GE 16132, Italy
| | - Alessio Nencioni
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 6, Genova, GE 16132, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Martina Pigliautile
- Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Virginia Boccardi
- Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Patrizia Mecocci
- Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Christian J Pike
- Longevity Institute, School of Gerontology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, 3715 McClintock Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0191, USA
| | - Pinchas Cohen
- Longevity Institute, School of Gerontology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, 3715 McClintock Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0191, USA; USC Dornsife College of Letters, Arts & Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, 3551 Trousdale Pkwy., Los Angeles, CA 90089-0191, USA
| | - Mary Jo LaDu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Matteo Pellegrini
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Dr. S., Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, University of California, Los Angeles, 611 Charles E. Young Dr. E., Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Kyle Xia
- Longevity Institute, School of Gerontology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, 3715 McClintock Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0191, USA
| | - Katelynn Tran
- Longevity Institute, School of Gerontology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, 3715 McClintock Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0191, USA
| | - Brandon Ann
- Longevity Institute, School of Gerontology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, 3715 McClintock Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0191, USA
| | - Dolly Chowdhury
- Longevity Institute, School of Gerontology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, 3715 McClintock Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0191, USA
| | - Valter D Longo
- Longevity Institute, School of Gerontology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, 3715 McClintock Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0191, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at USC, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1425 San Pablo St., Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; IFOM FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, Milano, MI 20139, Italy.
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Kim J, Jeong J, Jung GY, Lee J, Lee JE, Baek K, Kang SJ, Kwak SK, Hwang C, Song HK. Amphi-Active Superoxide-Solvating Charge Redox Mediator for Highly Stable Lithium-Oxygen Batteries. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:40793-40800. [PMID: 36044267 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c07400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A multifunctional electrolyte additive for lithium oxygen batteries (LOBs) was designed to have (1) a redox-active moiety to mediate decomposition of lithium peroxide (Li2O2 as the final discharge product) during charging and (2) a solvent moiety to solvate and stabilize lithium superoxide (LiO2 as the intermediate discharge product) in electrolyte during discharging. 4-Acetamido-TEMPO (TEMPO = 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl)oxyl) or AAT was employed as the additive working for both charge and discharge processes (amphi-active). The redox-active moiety was rooted in TEMPO, while the acetamido (AA) functional group inherited the high donor number (DN) of N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc). Integrating two functional moieties (TEMPO and AA) into a single molecule resulted in the bifunctionality of AAT (1) facilitating Li2O2 decomposition by the TEMPO moiety and (2) encouraging the solvent mechanism of Li2O2 formation by the high-DN AA moiety. Significantly improved LOB performances were achieved by the superoxide-solvating charge redox mediator, which were not obtained by a simple cocktail of TEMPO and DMAc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonghak Kim
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Jinhyeon Jeong
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Gwan Yeong Jung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130 United States
| | - Jeongin Lee
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Ji Eun Lee
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Kyungeun Baek
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Seok Ju Kang
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Sang Kyu Kwak
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Chihyun Hwang
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Hyun-Kon Song
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan 44919, Korea
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Grabb KC, Pardis WA, Kapit J, Wankel SD, Hayden EB, Hansel CM. Design Optimization of a Submersible Chemiluminescent Sensor (DISCO) for Improved Quantification of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in Surface Waters. Sensors (Basel) 2022; 22:6683. [PMID: 36081142 PMCID: PMC9460491 DOI: 10.3390/s22176683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are key drivers of biogeochemical cycling while also exhibiting both positive and negative effects on marine ecosystem health. However, quantification of the ROS superoxide (O2-) within environmental systems is hindered by its short half-life. Recently, the development of the diver-operated submersible chemiluminescent sensor (DISCO), a submersible, handheld instrument, enabled in situ superoxide measurements in real time within shallow coral reef ecosystems. Here, we present a redesigned and improved instrument, DISCO II. Similar to the previous DISCO, DISCO II is a self-contained, submersible sensor, deployable to 30 m depth and capable of measuring reactive intermediate species in real time. DISCO II is smaller, lighter, lower cost, and more robust than its predecessor. Laboratory validation of DISCO II demonstrated an average limit of detection in natural seawater of 133.1 pM and a percent variance of 0.7%, with stable photo multiplier tube (PMT) counts, internal temperature, and flow rates. DISCO II can also be optimized for diverse environmental conditions by adjustment of the PMT supply voltage and integration time. Field tests showed no drift in the data with a percent variance of 3.0%. Wand tip adaptations allow for in situ calibrations and decay rates of superoxide using a chemical source of superoxide (SOTS-1). Overall, DISCO II is a versatile, user-friendly sensor that enables measurements in diverse environments, thereby improving our understanding of the cycling of reactive intermediates, such as ROS, across various marine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalina C. Grabb
- MIT-WHOI Joint Program in Oceanography, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
| | - William A. Pardis
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Applied Ocean Physics and Engineering, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
| | - Jason Kapit
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Applied Ocean Physics and Engineering, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
| | - Scott D. Wankel
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
| | - Eric B. Hayden
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Applied Ocean Physics and Engineering, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
| | - Colleen M. Hansel
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
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59
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Abstract
Significance: This review highlights the many intracellular processes generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the peripheral nervous system in the context of type 1 diabetes. The major sources of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) are described, and scavenging systems are explained. Important roles of ROS in regulating normal redox signaling and in a disease setting, such as diabetes, contributing to oxidative stress and cellular damage are outlined. The primary focus is the role of hyperglycemia in driving elevated ROS production and oxidative stress contributing to neurodegeneration in diabetic neuropathy (within the dorsal root ganglia [DRG] and peripheral nerve). Recent Advances: Contributors to ROS production under high intracellular glucose concentration such as mitochondria and the polyol pathway are discussed. The primarily damaging impact of ROS on multiple pathways including mitochondrial function, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, autophagy, and epigenetic signaling is covered. Critical Issues: There is a strong focus on mechanisms of diabetes-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and how this may drive ROS production (in particular superoxide). The mitochondrial sites of superoxide/H2O2 production via mitochondrial metabolism and aerobic respiration are reviewed. Future Directions: Areas for future development are highlighted, including the need to clarify diabetes-induced changes in autophagy and ER function in neurons and Schwann cells. In addition, more clarity is needed regarding the sources of ROS production at mitochondrial sites under high glucose concentration (and lack of insulin signaling). New areas of study should be introduced to investigate the role of ROS, nuclear lamina function, and epigenetic signaling under diabetic conditions in peripheral nerve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eftekhar Eftekharpour
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology and Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Paul Fernyhough
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.,Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, Canada
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60
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Foyer CH, Hanke G. ROS production and signalling in chloroplasts: cornerstones and evolving concepts. Plant J 2022; 111:642-661. [PMID: 35665548 PMCID: PMC9545066 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as singlet oxygen, superoxide (O2●- ) and hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) are the markers of living cells. Oxygenic photosynthesis produces ROS in abundance, which act as a readout of a functional electron transport system and metabolism. The concept that photosynthetic ROS production is a major driving force in chloroplast to nucleus retrograde signalling is embedded in the literature, as is the role of chloroplasts as environmental sensors. The different complexes and components of the photosynthetic electron transport chain (PETC) regulate O2●- production in relation to light energy availability and the redox state of the stromal Cys-based redox systems. All of the ROS generated in chloroplasts have the potential to act as signals and there are many sulphhydryl-containing proteins and peptides in chloroplasts that have the potential to act as H2 O2 sensors and function in signal transduction. While ROS may directly move out of the chloroplasts to other cellular compartments, ROS signalling pathways can only be triggered if appropriate ROS-sensing proteins are present at or near the site of ROS production. Chloroplast antioxidant systems serve either to propagate these signals or to remove excess ROS that cannot effectively be harnessed in signalling. The key challenge is to understand how regulated ROS delivery from the PETC to the Cys-based redox machinery is organised to transmit redox signals from the environment to the nucleus. Redox changes associated with stromal carbohydrate metabolism also play a key role in chloroplast signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine H. Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonB15 2TTUK
| | - Guy Hanke
- School of Biological and Chemical SciencesQueen Mary University of LondonMile End RoadLondonE1 4NSUK
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61
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Jin T, Wu H, Deng Z, Cai T, Li J, Liu Z, Waterhouse PM, White RG, Liang D. Control of root-to-shoot long-distance flow by a key ROS-regulating factor in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell Environ 2022; 45:2476-2491. [PMID: 35689480 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Inter-tissue communication is instrumental to coordinating the whole-body level behaviour for complex multicellular organisms. However, little is known about the regulation of inter-tissue information exchange. Here we carried out genetic screens for root-to-shoot mobile silencing in Arabidopsis plants with a compromised small RNA-mediated gene silencing movement rate and identified radical-induced cell death 1 (RCD1) as a critical regulator of root-shoot communication. RCD1 belongs to a family of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase proteins, which are highly conserved across land plants. We found that RCD1 coordinates symplastic and apoplastic movement by modulating the sterol level of lipid rafts. The higher superoxide production in rcd1-knockout plants resulted in lower plasmodesmata (PD) frequency and altered PD structure in the symplasm of the hypocotyl cortex. Furthermore, the mutants showed increased lateral area of tracheary pits, which reduced axial movement. Our study highlights a novel mechanism through which root-to-shoot long-distance signalling can be modulated both symplastically and apoplastically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianling Jin
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, School of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei Province, China
| | - Huiyan Wu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, School of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zhuying Deng
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, School of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei Province, China
| | - Tingting Cai
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, School of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei Province, China
| | - Junkai Li
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, School of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zhangyong Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetlandy, Ministry of Education/Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Wetland Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei Province, China
| | - Peter M Waterhouse
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Rosemary G White
- Department of Plant Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Dacheng Liang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, School of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei Province, China
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetlandy, Ministry of Education/Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Wetland Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei Province, China
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62
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Dikalov SI, Dikalova AE, Kirilyuk IA. Coupling of phagocytic NADPH oxidase activity and mitochondrial superoxide production. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:942736. [PMID: 35966537 PMCID: PMC9366351 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.942736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Superoxide radical plays an important role in redox cell signaling and physiological processes; however, overproduction of superoxide or insufficient activity of antioxidants leads to oxidative stress and contributes to the development of pathological conditions such as endothelial dysfunction and hypertension. Meanwhile, the studies of superoxide in biological systems represent unique challenges associated with short lifetime of superoxide, insufficient reactivity of the superoxide probes, and lack of site-specific detection of superoxide. In this work we have developed 15N-and deuterium-enriched spin probe 15N-CAT1H for high sensitivity and site-specific detection of extracellular superoxide. We have tested simultaneous tracking of extracellular superoxide by 15N-CAT1H and intramitochondrial superoxide by conventional 14N-containing spin probe mitoTEMPO-H in immune cells isolated from spleen, splenocytes, under basal conditions or stimulated with inflammatory cytokines IL-17A and TNFα, NADPH oxidase activator PMA, or treated with inhibitors of mitochondrial complex I rotenone or complex III antimycin A. 15N-CAT1H provides two-fold increase in sensitivity and improves detection since EPR spectrum of 15N-CAT1 nitroxide does not overlap with biological radicals. Furthermore, concurrent use of cell impermeable 15N-CAT1H and mitochondria-targeted 14N-mitoTEMPO-H allows simultaneous detection of extracellular and mitochondrial superoxide. Analysis of IL-17A- and TNFα-induced superoxide showed parallel increase in 15N-CAT1 and 14N-mitoTEMPO signals suggesting coupling between phagocytic NADPH oxidase and mitochondria. The interplay between mitochondrial superoxide production and activity of phagocytic NADPH oxidase was further investigated in splenocytes isolated from Sham and angiotensin II infused C57Bl/6J and Nox2KO mice. Angiotensin II infusion in wild-type mice increased the extracellular basal splenocyte superoxide which was further enhanced by complex III inhibitor antimycin A, mitochondrial uncoupling agent CCCP and NADPH oxidase activator PMA. Nox2 depletion attenuated angiotensin II mediated stimulation and inhibited both extracellular and mitochondrial PMA-induced superoxide production. These data indicate that splenocytes isolated from hypertensive angiotensin II-infused mice are "primed" for enhanced superoxide production from both phagocytic NADPH oxidase and mitochondria. Our data demonstrate that novel 15N-CAT1H provides high sensitivity superoxide measurements and combination with mitoTEMPO-H allows independent and simultaneous detection of extracellular and mitochondrial superoxide. We suggest that this new approach can be used to study the site-specific superoxide production and analysis of important sources of oxidative stress in cardiovascular conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna E. Dikalova
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Igor A. Kirilyuk
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
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63
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Wu X, Wang X, Li Z, Chen L, Zhou S, Zhang H, Qiao Y, Yue H, Huang L, Sun SG. Stabilizing Li-O 2 Batteries with Multifunctional Fluorinated Graphene. Nano Lett 2022; 22:4985-4992. [PMID: 35686884 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c01713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
As a full cell system with attractive theoretical energy density, challenges faced by Li-O2 batteries (LOBs) are not only the deficient actual capacity and superoxide-derived parasitic reactions on the cathode side but also the stability of Li-metal anode. To solve simultaneously intrinsic issues, multifunctional fluorinated graphene (CFx, x = 1, F-Gr) was introduced into the ether-based electrolyte of LOBs. F-Gr can accelerate O2- transformation and O2--participated oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) process, resulting in enhanced discharge capacity and restrained O2--derived side reactions of LOBs, respectively. Moreover, F-Gr induced the F-rich and O-depleted solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) film formation, which have improved Li-metal stability. Therefore, energy storage capacity, efficiency, and cyclability of LOBs have been markedly enhanced. More importantly, the method developed in this work to disperse F-Gr into an ether-based electrolyte for improving LOBs' performances is convenient and significant from both scientific and engineering aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P.R. China
| | - Xiaotong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P.R. China
| | - Zhengang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P.R. China
| | - Libin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P.R. China
| | - Shiyuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P.R. China
| | - Haitang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P.R. China
| | - Yu Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P.R. China
- Fujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Energy Materials of China (Tan Kah Kee Innovation Laboratory), Xiamen 361005, P.R. China
| | - Hongjun Yue
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China
| | - Ling Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Gang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P.R. China
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64
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Norton CE, Shaw RL, Mittler R, Segal SS. Endothelial cells promote smooth muscle cell resilience to H 2 O 2 -induced cell death in mouse cerebral arteries. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2022; 235:e13819. [PMID: 35380737 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIM Brain injury produces reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, little is known of how acute oxidative stress affects cell survival in the cerebral vascular supply. We hypothesized that endothelial cells (ECs) are more resilient to H2 O2 and protect vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) during acute oxidative stress. METHODS Mouse posterior cerebral arteries (PCAs; diameter, ~80 µm) were exposed to H2 O2 (200 µM, 50 min, 37°C). Nuclear staining identified dead and live cells of intact and endothelium-disrupted vessels. SMC [Ca2+ ]i was assessed with Fura-2 fluorescence, and superoxide production was assessed by dihydroethidium and MitoSOX fluorescence. RESULTS In response to H2 O2 : SMC death (21%) exceeded EC death (5%) and increased following endothelial disruption (to 48%) with a corresponding increase in SMC Ca2+ entry through transient receptor potential (TRP) channels. Whereas pharmacological inhibition of TRPV4 channels prevented SMC death and reduced Ca2+ entry for intact vessels, both remained elevated following endothelial disruption. In contrast, pharmacological inhibition or genetic deletion of TRPC3 prevented SMC death and attenuated Ca2+ entry for both intact and endothelium-disrupted vessels. Inhibiting gap junctions increased EC death (to 22%) while SMC death and [Ca2+ ]i responses were attenuated by inhibiting nitric oxide synthesis or scavenging superoxide/peroxynitrite. Inhibiting NADPH oxidases also prevented SMC Ca2+ entry and death. H2 O2 increased mitochondrial ROS production while scavenging mitochondria-derived superoxide prevented SMC death but not Ca2+ entry. CONCLUSIONS During acute exposure of cerebral arteries to acute oxidative stress, ECs are more resilient than SMCs and the endothelium may protect SMCs by reducing Ca2+ entry through TRPC3 channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles E. Norton
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology University of Missouri Columbia Missouri USA
| | - Rebecca L. Shaw
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology University of Missouri Columbia Missouri USA
| | - Ron Mittler
- Department of Surgery University of Missouri Columbia Missouri USA
| | - Steven S. Segal
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology University of Missouri Columbia Missouri USA
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center Columbia Missouri USA
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65
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Lee CC, Chen SY, Lee TM. 17β-Oestradiol facilitates M2 macrophage skewing and ameliorates arrhythmias in ovariectomized female infarcted rats. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:3396-3409. [PMID: 35514058 PMCID: PMC9189348 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have suggested a lower incidence of arrhythmia‐induced sudden cardiac death in women than in men. 17β‐oestradiol (E2) has been reported to have a post‐myocardial infarction antiarrhythmic effect, although the mechanisms have yet to be elucidated. We investigated whether E2‐mediated antioxidation regulates macrophage polarization and affects cardiac sympathetic reinnervation in rats after MI. Ovariectomized Wistar rats were randomly assigned to placebo pellets, E2 treatment, or E2 treatment +3‐morpholinosydnonimine (a peroxynitrite generator) and followed for 4 weeks. The infarct sizes were similar among the infarcted groups. At Day 3 after infarction, post‐infarction was associated with increased superoxide levels, which were inhibited by administering E2. E2 significantly increased myocardial IL‐10 levels and the percentage of regulatory M2 macrophages compared with the ovariectomized infarcted alone group as assessed by immunohistochemical staining, Western blot and RT‐PCR. Nerve growth factor colocalized with both M1 and M2 macrophages at the magnitude significantly higher in M1 compared with M2. At Day 28 after infarction, E2 was associated with attenuated myocardial norepinephrine levels and sympathetic hyperinnervation. These effects of E2 were functionally translated in inhibiting fatal arrhythmias. The beneficial effect of E2 on macrophage polarization and sympathetic hyperinnervation was abolished by 3‐morpholinosydnonimine. Our results indicated that E2 polarized macrophages into the M2 phenotype by inhibiting the superoxide pathway, leading to attenuated nerve growth factor‐induced sympathetic hyperinnervation after myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Syue-Yi Chen
- Cardiovascular Institute, An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Ming Lee
- Cardiovascular Institute, An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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66
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Greaney JL, Saunders EFH, Alexander LM. Short-term salicylate treatment improves microvascular endothelium-dependent dilation in young adults with major depressive disorder. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2022; 322:H880-H889. [PMID: 35363580 PMCID: PMC9018008 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00643.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated reductions in nitric oxide (NO)-dependent dilation are evident in adults with major depressive disorder (MDD); however, the upstream mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we hypothesized that nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation-induced ROS production contributes to microvascular endothelial dysfunction in MDD. Thirteen treatment-naive adults with MDD (6 women; 19-23 yr) and 10 healthy nondepressed adults (HAs; 5 women; 20-25 yr) were tested before and after (open-label design) systemic NF-κB knockdown (nonacetylated salicylate; 3,000-4,500 mg/day × 4 days). Red cell flux (laser Doppler flowmetry) was measured during graded intradermal microdialysis perfusion of the endothelium-dependent agonist acetylcholine (ACh), alone and in combination with NO synthase inhibition [NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME)] or ROS scavenging (apocynin). Serum salicylate concentrations following treatment were not different between groups (22.8 ± 7.4 HAs vs. 20.8 ± 4.3 mg/dL MDD; P = 0.46). When compared with HAs, the NO-dependent component of ACh-induced dilation was blunted in adults with MDD before (P = 0.023), but not after (P = 0.27), salsalate treatment. In adults with MDD, the magnitude of improvement in endothelium-dependent dilation following salsalate treatment was inversely related to the degree of functional impairment at baseline (R2 = 0.43; P = 0.025). Localized ROS scavenging improved NO-dependent dilation before (P < 0.01), but not after (P > 0.05), salsalate treatment. Salsalate did not alter systemic concentrations of pro- or anti-inflammatory cytokines (all P > 0.05). These data suggest that NF-κB activation, via increased vascular ROS production, contributes to blunted NO-dependent dilation in young adults with MDD but otherwise free of clinical disease. These data provide the first direct evidence for a mechanistic role of vascular inflammation-associated endothelial dysfunction in human depression.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our data indicate that short-term treatment with therapeutic doses of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) inhibitor salsalate improved nitric oxide (NO)-mediated endothelium-dependent dilation in adults with major depressive disorder (MDD). In adults with MDD, acute localized scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS) with apocynin improved NO-dependent dilation before, but not after, salsalate administration. These data suggest that activation of NF-κB, in part via stimulation of vascular ROS production, contributes to blunted NO-mediated endothelium-dependent dilation in young adults with MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jody L Greaney
- Noll Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
- Department of Kinesiology, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas
| | - Erika F H Saunders
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavior Health, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Lacy M Alexander
- Noll Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
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Paul A, Nair RR, Jakkala K, Pradhan A, Ajitkumar P. Elevated Levels of Three Reactive Oxygen Species and Fe(II) in the Antibiotic-Surviving Population of Mycobacteria Facilitate De Novo Emergence of Genetic Resisters to Antibiotics. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2022;:e0228521. [PMID: 35435709 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02285-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We had earlier reported the de novo emergence of genetic resisters of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium smegmatis to rifampicin and moxifloxacin from the antibiotic-surviving population containing elevated levels of the non-DNA-specific mutagenic reactive oxygen species (ROS) hydroxyl radical. Since hydroxyl radical is generated by Fenton reaction between Fe(II) and H2O2, which is produced by superoxide dismutation, we here report significantly elevated levels of these three ROS and Fe(II) in the M. smegmatis rifampicin-surviving population. Elevated levels of superoxide and the consequential formation of high levels of H2O2 and Fe(II) led to the generation of hydroxyl radical, facilitating de novo high frequency emergence of antibiotic resisters. The M. smegmatis cultures, exposed to nontoxic concentrations of the ROS scavenger, thiourea (TU), and the NADH oxidase (one of the superoxide producers) inhibitor, diphenyleneiodonium chloride (DPI), showed a reduction in the levels of the three ROS, Fe(II), and antibiotic resister generation frequency. The non-antibiotic-exposed cultures grown in the absence/presence of TU/DPI did not show increased ROS, Fe(II) levels, or antibiotic resister generation frequency. The antibiotic-surviving population showed significantly increased expression and activity of superoxide-producing genes and decreased expression of antioxidant and DNA repair genes, revealing an environment conducive for the acquisition and retention of mutations. Since we recently reported significant comparability between the antibiotic-survival gene expression profiles of the saprophyte-cum-opportunistic pathogens M. smegmatis and the M. tuberculosis in tuberculosis patients undergoing treatment, we discuss the clinical relevance of the findings on the mechanism of emergence of antibiotic-resistant mycobacterial strains.
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Tomczyk MM, Cheung KG, Xiang B, Tamanna N, Fonseca Teixeira AL, Agarwal P, Kereliuk SM, Spicer V, Lin L, Treberg J, Tong Q, Dolinsky VW. Mitochondrial Sirtuin-3 (SIRT3) Prevents Doxorubicin-Induced Dilated Cardiomyopathy by Modulating Protein Acetylation and Oxidative Stress. Circ Heart Fail 2022; 15:e008547. [PMID: 35418250 PMCID: PMC9117478 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.121.008547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High doses of doxorubicin put cancer patients at risk for developing dilated cardiomyopathy. Previously, we showed that doxorubicin treatment decreases SIRT3 (sirtuin 3), the main mitochondrial deacetylase and increases protein acetylation in rat cardiomyocytes. Here, we hypothesize that SIRT3 expression can attenuate doxorubicin induced dilated cardiomyopathy in vivo by preventing the acetylation of mitochondrial proteins. METHODS Nontransgenic, M3-SIRT3 (truncated SIRT3; short isoform), and M1-SIRT3 (full-length SIRT3; mitochondrial localized) transgenic mice were treated with doxorubicin for 4 weeks (8 mg/kg body weight per week). Echocardiography was performed to assess cardiac structure and function and validated by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence (n=4-10). Mass spectrometry was performed on cardiac mitochondrial peptides in saline (n=6) and doxorubicin (n=5) treated hearts. Validation was performed in doxorubicin treated primary rat and human induced stem cell derived cardiomyocytes transduced with adenoviruses for M3-SIRT3 and M1-SIRT3 and deacetylase deficient mutants (n=4-10). RESULTS Echocardiography revealed that M3-SIRT3 transgenic mice were partially resistant to doxorubicin induced changes to cardiac structure and function whereas M1-SIRT3 expression prevented cardiac remodeling and dysfunction. In doxorubicin hearts, 37 unique acetylation sites on mitochondrial proteins were altered. Pathway analysis revealed these proteins are involved in energy production, fatty acid metabolism, and oxidative stress resistance. Increased M1-SIRT3 expression in primary rat and human cardiomyocytes attenuated doxorubicin-induced superoxide formation, whereas deacetylase deficient mutants were unable to prevent oxidative stress. CONCLUSIONS Doxorubicin reduced SIRT3 expression and markedly affected the cardiac mitochondrial acetylome. Increased M1-SIRT3 expression in vivo prevented doxorubicin-induced cardiac dysfunction, suggesting that SIRT3 could be a potential therapeutic target for mitigating doxorubicin-induced dilated cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz M Tomczyk
- Diabetes Research Envisioned and Accomplished in Manitoba (DREAM) Theme of the Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba' Winnipeg' Canada (M.M.T., K.G.C., B.X., P.A., S.M.K., V.W.D.).,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (M.M.T., K.G.C., B.X., P.A., S.M.K., V.W.D.), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.,Rady Faculty of Health Science, College of Medicine (M.M.T., K.G.C., B.X., P.A., S.M.K., V.S., V.W.D.), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Kyle G Cheung
- Diabetes Research Envisioned and Accomplished in Manitoba (DREAM) Theme of the Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba' Winnipeg' Canada (M.M.T., K.G.C., B.X., P.A., S.M.K., V.W.D.).,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (M.M.T., K.G.C., B.X., P.A., S.M.K., V.W.D.), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.,Rady Faculty of Health Science, College of Medicine (M.M.T., K.G.C., B.X., P.A., S.M.K., V.S., V.W.D.), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Bo Xiang
- Diabetes Research Envisioned and Accomplished in Manitoba (DREAM) Theme of the Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba' Winnipeg' Canada (M.M.T., K.G.C., B.X., P.A., S.M.K., V.W.D.).,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (M.M.T., K.G.C., B.X., P.A., S.M.K., V.W.D.), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.,Rady Faculty of Health Science, College of Medicine (M.M.T., K.G.C., B.X., P.A., S.M.K., V.S., V.W.D.), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Nahid Tamanna
- Department of Biological Sciences (N.T., A.L.F.T., J.T.), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Ana L Fonseca Teixeira
- Department of Biological Sciences (N.T., A.L.F.T., J.T.), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Prasoon Agarwal
- Diabetes Research Envisioned and Accomplished in Manitoba (DREAM) Theme of the Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba' Winnipeg' Canada (M.M.T., K.G.C., B.X., P.A., S.M.K., V.W.D.).,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (M.M.T., K.G.C., B.X., P.A., S.M.K., V.W.D.), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.,Rady Faculty of Health Science, College of Medicine (M.M.T., K.G.C., B.X., P.A., S.M.K., V.S., V.W.D.), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.,KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Stockholm, Sweden (P.A.).,Science for Life Laboratory, Solna, Sweden (P.A.)
| | - Stephanie M Kereliuk
- Diabetes Research Envisioned and Accomplished in Manitoba (DREAM) Theme of the Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba' Winnipeg' Canada (M.M.T., K.G.C., B.X., P.A., S.M.K., V.W.D.).,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (M.M.T., K.G.C., B.X., P.A., S.M.K., V.W.D.), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.,Rady Faculty of Health Science, College of Medicine (M.M.T., K.G.C., B.X., P.A., S.M.K., V.S., V.W.D.), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Victor Spicer
- Department of Internal Medicine (V.S.), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.,Rady Faculty of Health Science, College of Medicine (M.M.T., K.G.C., B.X., P.A., S.M.K., V.S., V.W.D.), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.,Manitoba Center for Proteomics and Systems Biology, Winnipeg, Canada (V.S.)
| | - Ligen Lin
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (L.L., Q.T.).,Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, China (L.L.)
| | - Jason Treberg
- Department of Biological Sciences (N.T., A.L.F.T., J.T.), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Qiang Tong
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (L.L., Q.T.)
| | - Vernon W Dolinsky
- Diabetes Research Envisioned and Accomplished in Manitoba (DREAM) Theme of the Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba' Winnipeg' Canada (M.M.T., K.G.C., B.X., P.A., S.M.K., V.W.D.).,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (M.M.T., K.G.C., B.X., P.A., S.M.K., V.W.D.), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.,Rady Faculty of Health Science, College of Medicine (M.M.T., K.G.C., B.X., P.A., S.M.K., V.S., V.W.D.), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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Paul A, Nair RR, Jakkala K, Ajitkumar P. Mycobacterium smegmatis strains genetically resistant to moxifloxacin emerge de novo from the moxifloxacin-surviving population containing high levels of superoxide, H 2O 2, hydroxyl radical, and Fe (II). Int J Mycobacteriol 2022; 11:150-158. [PMID: 35775547 DOI: 10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_58_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The antibiotic-exposed bacteria often contain the reactive oxygen species (ROS), hydroxyl radical, which inflicts genome-wide mutations, causing the de novo formation of antibiotic-resistant strains. Hydroxyl radical is generated by Fenton reaction of Fe (II) with the ROS, H2O2, which, in turn, is formed by the dismutation of the ROS, superoxide. Therefore, for the emergence of bacterial strains genetically resistant to antibiotics, increased levels of superoxide, H2O2, hydroxyl radical, and Fe (II) should be present in the antibiotic-exposed bacteria. Here, we verified this premise by finding out whether the in vitro cultures of M. smegmatis, exposed to MBC of moxifloxacin for a prolonged duration, contain significantly high levels of superoxide, H2O2, hydroxyl radical, and Fe (II). Methods Biological triplicate cultures of M. smegmatis, were exposed to MBC of moxifloxacin for 84 h. The colony-forming units (CFUs) of the cultures were determined on moxifloxacin-free and moxifloxacin-containing plates for the entire 84 h at a regular interval of 6 h. The cultures were analyzed at specific time points of killing phase (KP), antibiotic-surviving phase (ASP), and regrowth phase (RGP) for the presence of superoxide, H2O2, hydroxyl radical, and Fe (II) using the ROS- and Fe (II)-detecting fluorescence probes. The experimental cultures were grown in the presence of ROS and Fe (II) quenchers also and determined the levels of fluorescence corresponding to the ROS- and Fe (II)-specific probes. This was performed to establish the specificity of detection of ROS and Fe (II). Biological triplicate cultures, unexposed to moxifloxacin but cultured for 84 h, were used as the control for the measurement of ROS and Fe (II) levels. The CFUs of the cultures were determined on moxifloxacin-free and moxifloxacin-containing plates for the entire 84 h at regular intervals of 6 h. Flow cytometry analyses were performed for the detection and quantitation of the levels of fluorescence of the ROS-and Fe (II)-specific probes. The experimental cultures were grown in the presence of thiourea and bipyridyl as the ROS and Fe (II) quenchers, respectively, for the determination of the levels of fluorescence corresponding to the ROS- and Fe (II)-specific probes. Paired t-test was used to calculate statistical significance (n = 3). Results The moxifloxacin-exposed cultures, but not the cultures unexposed to moxifloxacin, showed a triphasic response with a KP, ASP, and RGP. The cells in the late KP and ASP contained significantly elevated levels of superoxide, H2O2, hydroxyl radical, and Fe (II). Thus, high levels of the ROS and Fe (II) were found in the small population (in the ASP) of M. smegmatis cells that survived the moxifloxacin-mediated killing. From this moxifloxacin-surviving population (in the ASP), moxifloxacin-resistant genetic resisters emerged de novo at high frequency, regrew, divided, and populated the cultures. The levels of these ROS, Fe (II), and the high moxifloxacin resister generation frequency were quenched in the cultures grown in the presence of the respective ROS and Fe (II) quenchers. The cultures unexposed to moxifloxacin did not show any of these responses, indicating that the whole response was specific to antibiotic exposure. Conclusions Significantly high levels of superoxide, H2O2, hydroxyl radical, and Fe (II) were generated in the M. smegmatis cultures exposed to moxifloxacin for a prolonged duration. It promoted the de novo emergence of genetic resisters to moxifloxacin at high frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avraneel Paul
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Rashmi Ravindran Nair
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Kishor Jakkala
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Parthasarathi Ajitkumar
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Kikuchi H, Harata K, Akiyoshi S, Sagara T, Madhyastha H, Kuribayashi F. Potential role of green tea amino acid L-theanine in activation of innate immune response via enhancing expression of cytochrome b 558 responsible for the reactive oxygen species-generating ability of leukocytes. Microbiol Immunol 2022; 66:342-349. [PMID: 35338668 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
L-Theanine (N-ethyl-L-glutamine) is an analog of L-glutamine and L-glutamic acid, accounts for up to 50% of all free amino acids in green tea, and elicits an umami taste. Since L-theanine also shows various physiological activities including immune response-modifying activities, it is expected as an excellent health-promoting phytochemical agent. To know the influences of L-theanine on the human innate immune response, we investigated the effect of L-theanine on the superoxide anion (O2 - )-generating system of leukocytes using U937 cells. The O2 - -generating system in leukocytes is consisted of membrane cytochrome b 558 protein (a complex of p22-phox and gp91-phox proteins) and cytosolic p40-phox, p47-phox and p67-phox proteins. Addition of 500 μM L-theanine caused remarkable enhancement of the all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)-induced O2 - -generating activity (to ~470% of ATRA-treated cells), but not L-glutamine and L-glutamic acid. Semiquantitative RT-PCR showed that the transcription level of gp91-phox is significantly increased in ATRA and L-theanine-cotreated cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay revealed that L-theanine enhances acetylations of Lys-9 and Lys-14 residues of histone H3 within chromatin surrounding the promoter region of gp91-phox gene. Immunoblotting demonstrated that membrane cytochrome b 558 proteins remarkably accumulate in ATRA plus L-theanine-treated cells. These results suggested that L-theanine brings about remarkable accumulation of cytochrome b 558 protein via up-regulating the transcription of gp91-phox gene during leukocyte differentiation, resulting in marked augmentation of the O2 - -generating ability, which is one of the most important functions of leukocytes responsible for the innate immune system. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidehiko Kikuchi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Shokei University Junior College, 2-6-78 Kuhonji, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-8678, Japan
| | - Kaori Harata
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Shokei University Junior College, 2-6-78 Kuhonji, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-8678, Japan
| | - Sumiko Akiyoshi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Shokei University Junior College, 2-6-78 Kuhonji, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-8678, Japan
| | - Takefumi Sagara
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Shokei University Junior College, 2-6-78 Kuhonji, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-8678, Japan
| | - Harishkumar Madhyastha
- Department of Applied Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200, Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, 889-1692, Japan
| | - Futoshi Kuribayashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan
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Chandler CE, Hernandez FG, Totten M, Robinett NG, Schatzman SS, Zhang SX, Culotta VC. Biochemical Analysis of CaurSOD4, a Potential Therapeutic Target for the Emerging Fungal Pathogen Candida auris. ACS Infect Dis 2022; 8:584-595. [PMID: 35179882 PMCID: PMC9906785 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Candida auris is an emerging multidrug-resistant fungal pathogen. With high mortality rates, there is an urgent need for new antifungals to combat C. auris. Possible antifungal targets include Cu-only superoxide dismutases (SODs), extracellular SODs that are unique to fungi and effectively combat the superoxide burst of host immunity. Cu-only SODs are essential for the virulence of diverse fungal pathogens; however, little is understood about these enzymes in C. auris. We show here that C. auris secretes an enzymatically active Cu-only SOD (CaurSOD4) when cells are starved for Fe, a condition mimicking host environments. Although predicted to attach to cell walls, CaurSOD4 is detected as a soluble extracellular enzyme and can act at a distance to remove superoxide. CaurSOD4 selectively binds Cu and not Zn, and Cu binding is labile compared to bimetallic Cu/Zn SODs. Moreover, CaurSOD4 is susceptible to inhibition by various metal-binding drugs that are without effect on mammalian Cu/Zn SODs. Our studies highlight CaurSOD4 as a potential antifungal target worthy of consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney E Chandler
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Francisco G Hernandez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Marissa Totten
- Divsion of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Division of Microbiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Natalie G Robinett
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Sabrina S Schatzman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Sean X Zhang
- Divsion of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Division of Microbiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Valeria C Culotta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
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Hu SH, Jinn TL. Impacts of Mn, Fe, and Oxidative Stressors on MnSOD Activation by AtMTM1 and AtMTM2 in Arabidopsis. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:619. [PMID: 35270089 PMCID: PMC8912514 DOI: 10.3390/plants11050619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
It has been reported that the mitochondrial carrier family proteins of AtMTM1 and AtMTM2 are necessary for manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) activation in Arabidopsis, and are responsive to methyl viologen (MV)-induced oxidative stress. In this study, we showed that MnSOD activity was enhanced specifically by Mn treatments. By using AtMnSOD-overexpressing and AtMnSOD-knockdown mutant plants treated with the widely used oxidative stressors including MV, NaCl, H2O2, and tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BH), we revealed that Arabidopsis MnSOD was crucial for root-growth control and superoxide scavenging ability. In addition, it has been reported that E. coli MnSOD activity is inhibited by Fe and that MTM1-mutated yeast cells exhibit elevated Fe content and decreased MnSOD activity, which can be restored by the Fe2+-specific chelator, bathophenanthroline disulfonate (BPS). However, we showed that BPS inhibited MnSOD activity in AtMTM1 and AtMTM2 single- and double-mutant protoplasts, implying that altered Fe homeostasis affected MnSOD activation through AtMTM1 and AtMTM2. Notably, we used inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) analysis to reveal an abnormal Fe/Mn ratio in the roots and shoots of AtMTM1 and AtMTM2 mutants under MV stress, indicating the importance of AtMTM1 in roots and AtMTM2 in shoots for maintaining Fe/Mn balance.
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Taenzer L, Grabb K, Kapit J, Pardis W, Wankel SD, Hansel CM. Development of a Deep-Sea Submersible Chemiluminescent Analyzer for Sensing Short-Lived Reactive Chemicals. Sensors (Basel) 2022; 22:1709. [PMID: 35270854 PMCID: PMC8914954 DOI: 10.3390/s22051709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Based on knowledge of their production pathways, and limited discrete observations, a variety of short-lived chemical species are inferred to play active roles in chemical cycling in the sea. In some cases, these species may exert a disproportionate impact on marine biogeochemical cycles, affecting the redox state of metal and carbon, and influencing the interaction between organisms and their environment. One such short-lived chemical is superoxide, a reactive oxygen species (ROS), which undergoes a wide range of environmentally important reactions. Yet, due to its fleeting existence which precludes traditional shipboard analyses, superoxide concentrations have never been characterized in the deep sea. To this end, we have developed a submersible oceanic chemiluminescent analyzer of reactive intermediate species (SOLARIS) to enable continuous measurements of superoxide at depth. Fluidic pumps on SOLARIS combine seawater for analysis with reagents in a spiral mixing cell, initiating a chemiluminescent reaction that is monitored by a photomultiplier tube. The superoxide in seawater is then related to the quantity of light produced. Initial field deployments of SOLARIS have revealed high-resolution trends in superoxide throughout the water column. SOLARIS presents the opportunity to constrain the distributions of superoxide, and any number of chemiluminescent species in previously unexplored environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Taenzer
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA; (L.T.); (K.G.); (S.D.W.)
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Kalina Grabb
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA; (L.T.); (K.G.); (S.D.W.)
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jason Kapit
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Applied Ocean Physics and Engineering, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA; (J.K.); (W.P.)
| | - William Pardis
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Applied Ocean Physics and Engineering, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA; (J.K.); (W.P.)
| | - Scott D. Wankel
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA; (L.T.); (K.G.); (S.D.W.)
| | - Colleen M. Hansel
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA; (L.T.); (K.G.); (S.D.W.)
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Garcia-Quintana L, Ortiz-Vitoriano N, Zhu H, Nolis GM, Herrero-Martín J, Echeverría M, López Del Amo JM, Forsyth M, Bond AM, Howlett PC, Pozo-Gonzalo C. Unveiling the Impact of the Cations and Anions in Ionic Liquid/Glyme Hybrid Electrolytes for Na-O 2 Batteries. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:4022-4034. [PMID: 35019264 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c20257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
A series of hybrid electrolytes composed of diglyme and ionic liquids (ILs) have been investigated for Na-O2 batteries, as a strategy to control the growth and purity of the discharge products during battery operation. The dependence of chemical composition of the ILs on the size, purity, and distribution of the discharge products has been evaluated using a wide range of experimental and spectroscopic techniques. The morphology and composition of the discharge products found in the Na-O2 cells have a complex dependence on the physicochemical properties of the electrolyte as well as the speciation of the Na+ and superoxide radical anion. All of these factors control the nucleation and growth phenomena as well as electrolyte stability. Smaller discharge particle sizes and largely homogeneous (2.7 ± 0.5 μm) sodium superoxide (NaO2) crystals with only 9% of side products were found in the hybrid electrolyte containing the pyrrolidinium IL with a linear alkyl chain. The long-term cyclability of Na-O2 batteries with high Coulombic efficiency (>90%) was obtained for this electrolyte with fewer side products (20 cycles at 0.5 mA h cm-2). In contrast, rapid failure was observed with the use of the phosphonium-based electrolyte, which strongly stabilizes the superoxide anion. A high discharge capacity (4.46 mA h cm-2) was obtained for the hybrid electrolyte containing the pyrrolidinium-based IL bearing a linear alkyl chain with a slightly lower value (3.11 mA h cm-2) being obtained when the hybrid electrolyte contained similar pyrrolidinium-based IL bearing an alkoxy chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Garcia-Quintana
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3200, Australia
| | - Nagore Ortiz-Vitoriano
- Centre for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Alava, Albert Einstein 48, Vitoria-Gasteiz 01510, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, María Díaz de Haro 3, Bilbao 48013, Spain
| | - Haijin Zhu
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Gene M Nolis
- Centre for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Alava, Albert Einstein 48, Vitoria-Gasteiz 01510, Spain
- ALBA Synchrotron, CELLS, Cerdanyola de Vallès 08290, Spain
| | | | - María Echeverría
- Centre for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Alava, Albert Einstein 48, Vitoria-Gasteiz 01510, Spain
| | - Juan Miguel López Del Amo
- Centre for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Alava, Albert Einstein 48, Vitoria-Gasteiz 01510, Spain
| | - Maria Forsyth
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3200, Australia
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, María Díaz de Haro 3, Bilbao 48013, Spain
| | - Alan M Bond
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science and School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Patrick C Howlett
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3200, Australia
| | - Cristina Pozo-Gonzalo
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3200, Australia
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Sacramento JJD, Albert T, Siegler M, Moënne-Loccoz P, Goldberg DP. An Iron(III) Superoxide Corrole from Iron(II) and Dioxygen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202111492. [PMID: 34850509 PMCID: PMC8789326 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202111492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A new structurally characterized ferrous corrole [FeII (ttppc)]- (1) binds one equivalent of dioxygen to form [FeIII (O2-. )(ttppc)]- (2). This complex exhibits a 16/18 O2 -isotope sensitive ν(O-O) stretch at 1128 cm-1 concomitantly with a single ν(Fe-O2 ) at 555 cm-1 , indicating it is an η1 -superoxo ("end-on") iron(III) complex. Complex 2 is the first well characterized Fe-O2 corrole, and mediates the following biologically relevant oxidation reactions: dioxygenation of an indole derivative, and H-atom abstraction from an activated O-H bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jireh Joy D. Sacramento
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Therese Albert
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239-3098, United States
| | - Maxime Siegler
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Pierre Moënne-Loccoz
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239-3098, United States
| | - David P. Goldberg
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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Zweier JL, Hemann C, Kundu T, Ewees MG, Khaleel SA, Samouilov A, Ilangovan G, El-Mahdy MA. Cytoglobin has potent superoxide dismutase function. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2105053118. [PMID: 34930834 PMCID: PMC8719900 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2105053118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytoglobin (Cygb) was discovered as a novel type of globin that is expressed in mammals; however, its functions remain uncertain. While Cygb protects against oxidant stress, the basis for this is unclear, and the effect of Cygb on superoxide metabolism is unknown. From dose-dependent studies of the effect of Cygb on superoxide catabolism, we identify that Cygb has potent superoxide dismutase (SOD) function. Initial assays using cytochrome c showed that Cygb exhibits a high rate of superoxide dismutation on the order of 108 M-1 ⋅ s-1 Spin-trapping studies also demonstrated that the rate of Cygb-mediated superoxide dismutation (1.6 × 108 M-1 ⋅ s-1) was only ∼10-fold less than Cu,Zn-SOD. Stopped-flow experiments confirmed that Cygb rapidly dismutates superoxide with rates within an order of magnitude of Cu,Zn-SOD or Mn-SOD. The SOD function of Cygb was inhibited by cyanide and CO that coordinate to Fe3+-Cygb and Fe2+-Cygb, respectively, suggesting that dismutation involves iron redox cycling, and this was confirmed by spectrophotometric titrations. In control smooth-muscle cells and cells with siRNA-mediated Cygb knockdown subjected to extracellular superoxide stress from xanthine/xanthine oxidase or intracellular superoxide stress triggered by the uncoupler, menadione, Cygb had a prominent role in superoxide metabolism and protected against superoxide-mediated death. Similar experiments in vessels showed higher levels of superoxide in Cygb-/- mice than wild type. Thus, Cygb has potent SOD function and can rapidly dismutate superoxide in cells, conferring protection against oxidant injury. In view of its ubiquitous cellular expression at micromolar concentrations in smooth-muscle and other cells, Cygb can play an important role in cellular superoxide metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay L Zweier
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210;
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Craig Hemann
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Tapan Kundu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Mohamed G Ewees
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Sahar A Khaleel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Alexandre Samouilov
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Govindasamy Ilangovan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Mohamed A El-Mahdy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
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Rothwell JG, Alam D, Carter DA, Soltani B, McConchie R, Zhou R, Cullen PJ, Mai-Prochnow A. The Antimicrobial Efficacy Of Plasma Activated Water Against Listeria and E. coli Is Modulated By Reactor Design And Water Composition. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 132:2490-2500. [PMID: 34957649 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to compare the efficacy of plasma activated water (PAW) generated by two novel plasma reactors against pathogenic foodborne illness organisms. METHODS AND RESULTS The antimicrobial efficacy of PAW produced by a bubble spark discharge (BSD) reactor and a dielectric barrier discharge-diffuser (DBDD) reactor operating at atmospheric conditions with air, multiple discharge frequencies and Milli-Q and tap water, was investigated with model organisms Listeria innocua and Escherichia coli in situ. Optimal conditions were subsequently employed for pathogenic bacteria Listeria monocytogenes, E. coli and Salmonella enterica. DBDD-PAW reduced more than 6-log of bacteria within 1 minute. The BSD-PAW, while attaining high log reduction, was less effective. Analysis of physicochemical properties revealed that BSD-PAW had a greater variety of reactive species than DBDD-PAW. Scavenger assays designed to specifically sequester reactive species demonstrated a critical role of superoxide, particularly in DBDD-PAW. CONCLUSIONS DBDD-PAW demonstrated rapid antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria, with superoxide the critical reactive species. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF STUDY This study demonstrates the potential of DBDD-PAW produced using tap water and air as a feasible and cost-effective option for antimicrobial applications, including food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna G Rothwell
- ARC Training Centre for Food Safety in the Fresh Produce Industry, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Sydney Institute of Agriculture, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Alam
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Dee A Carter
- ARC Training Centre for Food Safety in the Fresh Produce Industry, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Sydney Institute of Agriculture, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,The Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Behdad Soltani
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Robyn McConchie
- ARC Training Centre for Food Safety in the Fresh Produce Industry, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Sydney Institute of Agriculture, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Renwu Zhou
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Patrick J Cullen
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anne Mai-Prochnow
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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78
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Serreli G, Le Sayec M, Diotallevi C, Teissier A, Deiana M, Corona G. Conjugated Metabolites of Hydroxytyrosol and Tyrosol Contribute to the Maintenance of Nitric Oxide Balance in Human Aortic Endothelial Cells at Physiologically Relevant Concentrations. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26247480. [PMID: 34946563 PMCID: PMC8707355 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is an important signaling molecule involved in many pathophysiological processes. NO mediates vasodilation and blood flow in the arteries, and its action contributes to maintaining vascular homeostasis by inhibiting vascular smooth muscle contraction and growth, platelet aggregation, and leukocyte adhesion to the endothelium. Dietary antioxidants and their metabolites have been found to be directly and/or indirectly involved in the modulation of the intracellular signals that lead to the production of NO. The purpose of this study was to investigate the contribution of conjugated metabolites of hydroxytyrosol (HT) and tyrosol (TYR) to the release of NO at the vascular level, and the related mechanism of action, in comparison to their parental forms. Experiments were performed in human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC) to evaluate the superoxide production, the release of NO and production of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), the activation of serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (Akt1), and the activation state of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). It was observed that the tested phenolic compounds enhanced NO and cGMP concentration, inhibiting its depletion caused by superoxide overproduction. Moreover, some of them enhanced the activation of Akt (TYR, HT metabolites) and eNOS (HT, HVA, TYR-S, HT-3S). Overall, the obtained data showed that these compounds promote NO production and availability, suggesting that HT and TYR conjugated metabolites may contribute to the effects of parental extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) phenolics in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Serreli
- School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Roehampton, London SW15 4JD, UK;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Melanie Le Sayec
- School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Roehampton, London SW15 4JD, UK;
| | - Camilla Diotallevi
- School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Roehampton, London SW15 4JD, UK;
| | - Alice Teissier
- School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Roehampton, London SW15 4JD, UK;
| | - Monica Deiana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Giulia Corona
- School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Roehampton, London SW15 4JD, UK;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-(0)20-8392-3622
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79
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Park JM, Jeong H, Seo YS, Do VQ, Choi SJ, Lee K, Choi KC, Choi WJ, Lee MY. Cigarette Smoke Extract Produces Superoxide in Aqueous Media by Reacting with Bicarbonate. Toxics 2021; 9:316. [PMID: 34822707 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9110316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The toxicity of cigarette smoke (CS) is largely attributed to its ability to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). Reportedly, CS generates superoxide in cell culture systems by stimulating the cells to produce superoxide and through direct chemical reactions with components of the culture media. In this study, we investigated CS-induced superoxide formation in biocompatible aqueous media and its characteristics. Cigarette smoke extract (CSE) and total particulate matter (TPM) were prepared from the mainstream smoke of 3R4F reference cigarettes. CSE and TPM generated superoxide in Hank’s balanced salt solution (HBSS), Dulbecco’s modified Eagle media (DMEM), and blood plasma, but not in distilled water and phosphate-buffered saline. Each constituent of HBSS in solution was tested, and bicarbonate was found to be responsible for the superoxide generation. More than half of the superoxide formation was abolished by pretreating CSE or TPM with peroxidase, indicating that the substrates of peroxidase, presumably peroxides and peroxy acids, mainly contributed to the superoxide production. In conclusion, the presence of bicarbonate in experimental conditions should be considered carefully in studies of the biological activity of CS. Furthermore, the local amount of bicarbonate in exposed tissues may be a determinant of tissue sensitivity to oxidative damage by CS.
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80
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Chen NW, Jin J, Xu H, Wei XC, Wu LF, Xie WH, Cheng YX, He Y, Gao JL. Effect of thermophilic bacterium HB27 manganese superoxide dismutase in a rat model of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS). Asian J Androl 2021; 24:323-331. [PMID: 34747725 PMCID: PMC9226703 DOI: 10.4103/aja202157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the therapeutic effects of superoxide dismutase (SOD) from thermophilic bacterium HB27 on chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) and its underlying mechanisms. A Sprague–Dawley rat model of CP/CPPS was prepared and then administered saline or Thermus thermophilic (Tt)-SOD intragastrically for 4 weeks. Prostate inflammation and fibrosis were analyzed by hematoxylin and eosin staining, and Masson staining. Alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), serum creatinine (CR), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels were assayed for all animals. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were performed to analyze serum cytokine concentrations and tissue levels of malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, SOD, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. Reactive oxygen species levels were detected using dichlorofluorescein diacetate. The messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression of tissue cytokines was analyzed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and infiltrating inflammatory cells were examined using immunohistochemistry. Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) P65, P38, and inhibitor of nuclear factor-κBα (I-κBα) protein levels were determined using western blot. Tt-SOD significantly improved histopathological changes in CP/CPPS, reduced inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrosis, increased pain threshold, and reduced the prostate index. Tt-SOD treatment showed no significant effect on ALT, AST, CR, or BUN levels. Furthermore, Tt-SOD reduced inflammatory cytokine expression in prostate tissue and increased antioxidant capacity. This anti-inflammatory activity correlated with decreases in the abundance of cluster of differentiation 3 (CD3), cluster of differentiation 45 (CD45), and macrophage inflammatory protein 1α (MIP1α) cells. Tt-SOD alleviated inflammation and oxidative stress by reducing NF-κB P65 and P38 protein levels and increasing I-κBα protein levels. These findings support Tt-SOD as a potential drug for CP/CPPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nai-Wen Chen
- Department of Surgery, The Second Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310000, China.,Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314000, China
| | - Jing Jin
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314000, China
| | - Hong Xu
- Department of Surgery, The Second Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310000, China.,Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314000, China
| | - Xue-Cheng Wei
- Department of Surgery, The Second Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310000, China.,Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314000, China
| | - Ling-Feng Wu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314000, China
| | - Wen-Hua Xie
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314000, China
| | - Yu-Xiang Cheng
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314000, China.,Department of Surgery, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - Yi He
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314000, China
| | - Jin-Lai Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medical, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314000, China
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81
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Douglass M, Dikalova A, Kaplowitz MR, Zhang Y, Cunningham G, Summar M, Fike CD. Folic acid, either solely or combined with L-citrulline, improves NO signaling and ameliorates chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension in newborn pigs. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e15096. [PMID: 34762361 PMCID: PMC8582293 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Concomitant with developing pulmonary hypertension (PH), newborn piglets exposed to chronic hypoxia develop pulmonary vascular NO signaling impairments. PH is reduced and NO signaling is improved in chronically hypoxic piglets treated with the NO-arginine precursor, L-citrulline. Folic acid positively impacts NO signaling. We evaluated whether the effect on NO signaling and PH is greater using co-treatment with folic acid and L-citrulline than either alone. From day 3 to day 10 of hypoxia, piglets were treated solely with folic acid, solely with L-citrulline, or co-treated with both. Catheters were placed to measure in vivo hemodynamics. NO production was measured in vitro in dissected pulmonary arteries. Compared to normoxic piglets, pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) was elevated and NO production was reduced in untreated hypoxic piglets. Regardless of treatment strategy, PVR was less in all three treated groups of hypoxic piglets when compared to the untreated hypoxic group. In addition, for all three groups of treated hypoxic piglets, NO production was higher than the untreated group. Improvements in PVR and NO production did not differ between piglets co-treated with folic acid and L-citrulline and those treated solely with either. Thus, the impact on NO production and PVR was not augmented by combining folic acid and L-citrulline treatments. Nonetheless, treatment with folic acid, either singly or when combined with L-citrulline, increases NO production and inhibits PH in chronically hypoxic newborn piglets. Folic acid merits consideration as a therapy for PH in human infants with chronic heart and lung conditions that are associated with chronic hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Douglass
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Utah HealthSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
| | - Anna Dikalova
- Department of MedicineVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Mark R. Kaplowitz
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Utah HealthSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
| | - Yongmei Zhang
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Utah HealthSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
| | - Gary Cunningham
- Division of Genetics and MetabolismChildren’s National Medical CenterWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA
| | - Marshall Summar
- Division of Genetics and MetabolismChildren’s National Medical CenterWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA
| | - Candice D. Fike
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Utah HealthSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
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82
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Okoye I, Yu S, Caruso F, Rossi M. X-ray Structure Determination, Antioxidant Voltammetry Studies of Butein and 2',4'-Dihydroxy-3,4-dimethoxychalcone. Computational Studies of 4 Structurally Related 2',4'-diOH Chalcones to Examine Their Antimalarial Activity by Binding to Falcipain-2. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216511. [PMID: 34770920 PMCID: PMC8588236 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria is a huge global health burden with resistance to currently available medicines resulting in the search for newer antimalarial compounds from traditional medicinal plants in malaria-endemic regions. Previous studies on two chalcones, homobutein and 5-prenylbutein, present in E. abyssinica, have shown moderate antiplasmodial activity. Here, we describe results from experimental and computational investigations of four structurally related chalcones, butein, 2′,4′-dihydroxy-3,4-dimethoxychalcone (DHDM), homobutein and 5-prenylbutein to elucidate possible molecular mechanisms by which these compounds clear malaria parasites. The crystal structures of butein and DHDM show that butein engages in more hydrogen bonding and consequently, more intermolecular interactions than DHDM. Rotating ring-disk electrode (RRDE) voltammetry results show that butein has a higher antioxidant activity towards the superoxide radical anion compared to DHDM. Computational docking experiments were conducted to examine the inhibitory potential of all four compounds on falcipain-2, a cysteine protease that is involved in the degradation of hemoglobin in plasmodium-infected red blood cells of the host. Overall, this work suggests butein as a better antimalarial compound due to its structural features which allow it to have greater intermolecular interactions, higher antioxidant activity and to create a covalent complex at the active site of falcipain-2.
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83
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Spooner RK, Taylor BK, Ahmad IM, Dyball KN, Emanuel K, Fox HS, Stauch KL, Zimmerman MC, Wilson TW. Neural oscillatory activity serving sensorimotor control is predicted by superoxide-sensitive mitochondrial redox environments. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2104569118. [PMID: 34686594 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2104569118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial integrity and associated redox profiles have long been revered as key contributors to a host of age- and disease-related pathologies, which eventually lead to neuronal and behavioral dysfunction in the sensorimotor and other systems. However, the precise role of the mitochondrial redox environment in human sensorimotor brain systems and motor behavior remains poorly understood. Herein, we provide evidence for a strong predictive capacity of superoxide and its scavenger, superoxide dismutase, on the neural oscillatory dynamics serving motor planning and execution above and beyond the effects of mitochondrial respiratory capacities alone. Importantly, these data provide insight regarding the impact of the redox environment on the population-level neural oscillations that serve motor function in healthy humans. Motor control requires a coordinated ensemble of spatiotemporally precise neural oscillations across a distributed motor network, particularly in the beta range (15 to 30 Hz) to successfully plan and execute volitional actions. While substantial evidence implicates beta activity as critical to motor control, the molecular processes supporting these microcircuits and their inherent oscillatory dynamics remain poorly understood. Among these processes are mitochondrial integrity and the associated redox environments, although their direct impact on human neurophysiological function is unknown. Herein, 40 healthy adults completed a motor sequence paradigm during magnetoencephalography (MEG). MEG data were imaged in the time–frequency domain using a beamformer to evaluate beta oscillatory profiles during distinct phases of motor control (i.e., planning and execution) and subsequent behavior. To comprehensively quantify features of the mitochondrial redox environment, we used state-of-the-art systems biology approaches including Seahorse Analyzer to assess mitochondrial respiration and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy to measure superoxide levels in whole blood as well as antioxidant activity assays. Using structural equation modeling, we tested the relationship between mitochondrial function and sensorimotor brain-behavior dynamics through alterations in the redox environment (e.g., generation of superoxide and alteration in antioxidant defenses). Our results indicated that superoxide-sensitive but not hydrogen peroxide–sensitive features of the redox environment had direct and mediating effects on the bioenergetic–neural pathways serving motor performance in healthy adults. Importantly, our results suggest that alterations in the redox environment may directly impact behavior above and beyond mitochondrial respiratory capacities alone and further may be effective targets for age- and disease-related declines in cognitive–motor function.
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84
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Golubewa L, Kulahava T, Timoshchenko I, Shuba M, Svirko Y, Kuzhir P. Rapid and delayed effects of single-walled carbon nanotubes in glioma cells. Nanotechnology 2021; 32:505103. [PMID: 34547739 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac28da] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) demonstrate a strong potential as an optically activated theranostic nano-agent. However, using SWCNTs in theranostics still requires revealing mechanisms of the SWCNT-mediated effects on cellular functions. Even though rapid and delayed cellular responses can differ significantly and may lead to undesirable consequences, understanding of these mechanisms is still incomplete. We demonstrate that introducing short (150-250 nm) SWCNTs into C6 rat glioma cells leads to SWCNT-driven effects that show pronounced time dependence. Accumulation of SWCNTs is carried out due to endocytosis with modification of the actin cytoskeleton but not accompanied with autophagy. Its initial stage launches a rapid cellular response via significantly heightened mitochondrial membrane potential and superoxide anion radical production, satisfying the cell demand of energy for SWCNT transfer inside the cytoplasm. In the long term, SWCNTs agglomerate to micron-sized structures surrounded by highly active mitochondria having parameters return to control values. SWCNTs postponed effects are also manifested themselves in the suppression of the cell proliferative activity with further restoration after five passages. These results demonstrate relative cellular inertness and safety of SWCNTs eliminating possible side effects caused by optically activated theranostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Golubewa
- Department of Molecular Compounds Physics, State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Saulėtekio av. 3, Vilnius, 10257, Lithuania
- Laboratory of Nanoelectromagnetics, Institute for Nuclear Problems of Belarusian State University, Bobruiskaya str. 11, Minsk, 220006, Belarus
| | - Tatsiana Kulahava
- Laboratory of Nanoelectromagnetics, Institute for Nuclear Problems of Belarusian State University, Bobruiskaya str. 11, Minsk, 220006, Belarus
| | - Igor Timoshchenko
- Laboratory of Nanoelectromagnetics, Institute for Nuclear Problems of Belarusian State University, Bobruiskaya str. 11, Minsk, 220006, Belarus
- Department of Computer Modelling, Physics Faculty, Belarusian State University, Bobruiskaya str. 5, Minsk, 220030, Belarus
| | - Mikhail Shuba
- Laboratory of Nanoelectromagnetics, Institute for Nuclear Problems of Belarusian State University, Bobruiskaya str. 11, Minsk, 220006, Belarus
| | - Yuri Svirko
- Institute of Photonics, Department of Physics and Mathematics, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, Joensuu, FI-80101, Finland
| | - Polina Kuzhir
- Laboratory of Nanoelectromagnetics, Institute for Nuclear Problems of Belarusian State University, Bobruiskaya str. 11, Minsk, 220006, Belarus
- Institute of Photonics, Department of Physics and Mathematics, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, Joensuu, FI-80101, Finland
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85
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Shaw TJ, Luther GW, Rosas R, Oldham VE, Coffey NR, Ferry JL, Dias DMC, Yücel M, Thibault de Chanvalon A. Fe-catalyzed sulfide oxidation in hydrothermal plumes is a source of reactive oxygen species to the ocean. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2026654118. [PMID: 34593633 PMCID: PMC8501876 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2026654118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Historically, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the ocean has been attributed to photochemical and biochemical reactions. However, hydrothermal vents emit globally significant inventories of reduced Fe and S species that should react rapidly with oxygen in bottom water and serve as a heretofore unmeasured source of ROS. Here, we show that the Fe-catalyzed oxidation of reduced sulfur species in hydrothermal vent plumes in the deep oceans supported the abiotic formation of ROS at concentrations 20 to 100 times higher than the average for photoproduced ROS in surface waters. ROS (measured as hydrogen peroxide) were determined in hydrothermal plumes and seeps during a series of Alvin dives at the North East Pacific Rise. Hydrogen peroxide inventories in emerging plumes were maintained at levels proportional to the oxygen introduced by mixing with bottom water. Fenton chemistry predicts the production of hydroxyl radical under plume conditions through the reaction of hydrogen peroxide with the abundant reduced Fe in hydrothermal plumes. A model of the hydroxyl radical fate under plume conditions supports the role of plume ROS in the alteration of refractory organic molecules in seawater. The ocean's volume circulates through hydrothermal plumes on timescales similar to the age of refractory dissolved organic carbon. Thus, plume-generated ROS can initiate reactions that may affect global ocean carbon inventories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Shaw
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208;
| | - George W Luther
- School of Marine Science and Policy, University of Delaware, Lewes, DE 19958
| | - Richard Rosas
- School of Marine Science and Policy, University of Delaware, Lewes, DE 19958
| | - Véronique E Oldham
- School of Marine Science and Policy, University of Delaware, Lewes, DE 19958
| | - Nicole R Coffey
- School of Marine Science and Policy, University of Delaware, Lewes, DE 19958
| | - John L Ferry
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208
| | - Dewamunnage M C Dias
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208
| | - Mustafa Yücel
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Middle East Technical University, 33731 Mersin, Turkey
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86
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Watson MA, Pattavina B, Hilsabeck TAU, Lopez‐Dominguez J, Kapahi P, Brand MD. S3QELs protect against diet-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction. Aging Cell 2021; 20:e13476. [PMID: 34521156 PMCID: PMC8520719 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The underlying causes of aging remain elusive, but may include decreased intestinal homeostasis followed by disruption of the intestinal barrier, which can be mimicked by nutrient‐rich diets. S3QELs are small‐molecule suppressors of site IIIQo electron leak; they suppress superoxide generation at complex III of the mitochondrial electron transport chain without inhibiting oxidative phosphorylation. Here we show that feeding different S3QELs to Drosophila on a high‐nutrient diet protects against greater intestinal permeability, greater enterocyte apoptotic cell number, and shorter median lifespan. Hif‐1α knockdown in enterocytes also protects, and blunts any further protection by S3QELs. Feeding S3QELs to mice on a high‐fat diet also protects against the diet‐induced increase in intestinal permeability. Our results demonstrate by inference of S3QEL use that superoxide produced by complex III in enterocytes contributes to diet‐induced intestinal barrier disruption in both flies and mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A. Watson
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging Novato California USA
| | | | | | | | - Pankaj Kapahi
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging Novato California USA
| | - Martin D. Brand
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging Novato California USA
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87
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d’Hose D, Isenborghs P, Brusa D, Jordan BF, Gallez B. The Short-Term Exposure to SDHI Fungicides Boscalid and Bixafen Induces a Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Selective Human Cell Lines. Molecules 2021; 26:5842. [PMID: 34641386 PMCID: PMC8510389 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungicides are used to suppress the growth of fungi for crop protection. The most widely used fungicides are succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHIs) that act by blocking succinate dehydrogenase, the complex II of the mitochondrial electron transport chain. As recent reports suggested that SDHI-fungicides could not be selective for their fungi targets, we tested the mitochondrial function of human cells (Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells or PBMCs, HepG2 liver cells, and BJ-fibroblasts) after exposure for a short time to Boscalid and Bixafen, the two most used SDHIs. Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy was used to assess the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and the level of mitochondrial superoxide radical. The OCR was significantly decreased in the three cell lines after exposure to both SDHIs. The level of mitochondrial superoxide increased in HepG2 after Boscalid and Bixafen exposure. In BJ-fibroblasts, mitochondrial superoxide was increased after Bixafen exposure, but not after Boscalid. No significant increase in mitochondrial superoxide was observed in PBMCs. Flow cytometry revealed an increase in the number of early apoptotic cells in HepG2 exposed to both SDHIs, but not in PBMCs and BJ-fibroblasts, results consistent with the high level of mitochondrial superoxide found in HepG2 cells after exposure. In conclusion, short-term exposure to Boscalid and Bixafen induces a mitochondrial dysfunction in human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatienne d’Hose
- Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (D.d.); (P.I.); (B.F.J.)
| | - Pauline Isenborghs
- Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (D.d.); (P.I.); (B.F.J.)
| | - Davide Brusa
- CytoFlux-Flow Cytometry Platform, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Bénédicte F. Jordan
- Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (D.d.); (P.I.); (B.F.J.)
| | - Bernard Gallez
- Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (D.d.); (P.I.); (B.F.J.)
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Fernando LM, Adeel S, Basar MA, Allen AK, Duttaroy A. In-gel SOD assay reveals SOD-2 is the single active, water-soluble SOD enzyme in C. elegans. Free Radic Res 2021; 55:619-624. [PMID: 34514925 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2021.1979228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The nematode C. elegans has a contingent of five sod genes, one of the largest among aerobic organisms. Earlier studies revealed each of the five sod genes is capable of making perfectly active SOD proteins in heterologous expression systems therefore none appears to be a pseudogene. Yet deletion of the entire contingent of sod genes fails to impose any effect on the survival of C. elegans except these animals appear more sensitive to extraneously applied oxidative stress conditions. We asked how many of the five sod genes are actually making active SOD enzymes in C. elegans through the usage of in-gel SOD activity analysis and by using KCN as a selective inhibitor against Cu-ZnSOD enzyme(s). Here we provide evidence that out of the five SOD proteins only the mitochondrial SOD is active in the water-soluble fraction of C. elegans extracts albeit at an apparently much lower activity than the multiple active SODs in D. melanogaster and E. coli. We had no opportunity to test the activity of Sod-4a isoform which is possibly a membrane-bound form of SOD. The mutant analysis further confirmed that among the two mitochondrial SOD proteins, SOD-2 is the only naturally active SOD in C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourds M Fernando
- Department of Biology, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA.,St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Silwat Adeel
- Department of Biology, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Mohammed Abul Basar
- Department of Biology, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA.,Stem Cell Biochemistry Unit, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Anna K Allen
- Department of Biology, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Atanu Duttaroy
- Department of Biology, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
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Condeles AL, Toledo Junior JC. The Labile Iron Pool Reacts Rapidly and Catalytically with Peroxynitrite. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1331. [PMID: 34572543 PMCID: PMC8466499 DOI: 10.3390/biom11091331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
While investigating peroxynitrite-dependent oxidation in murine RAW 264.7 macrophage cells, we observed that removal of the Labile Iron Pool (LIP) by chelation increases the intracellular oxidation of the fluorescent indicator H2DCF, so we concluded that the LIP reacts with peroxynitrite and decreases the yield of peroxynitrite-derived oxidants. This was a paradigm-shifting finding in LIP biochemistry and raised many questions. In this follow-up study, we address fundamental properties of the interaction between the LIP and peroxynitrite by using the same cellular model and fluorescence methodology. We have identified that the reaction between the LIP and peroxynitrite has catalytic characteristics, and we have estimated that the rate constant of the reaction is in the range of 106 to 107 M-1s-1. Together, these observations suggest that the LIP represents a constitutive peroxynitrite reductase system in RAW 264.7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José Carlos Toledo Junior
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, Brazil;
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Thengchaisri N, Hein TW, Ren Y, Kuo L. Activation of Coronary Arteriolar PKCβ2 Impairs Endothelial NO-Mediated Vasodilation: Role of JNK/Rho Kinase Signaling and Xanthine Oxidase Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22189763. [PMID: 34575925 PMCID: PMC8471475 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase C (PKC) activation can evoke vasoconstriction and contribute to coronary disease. However, it is unclear whether PKC activation, without activating the contractile machinery, can lead to coronary arteriolar dysfunction. The vasoconstriction induced by the PKC activator phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu) was examined in isolated porcine coronary arterioles. The PDBu-evoked vasoconstriction was sensitive to a broad-spectrum PKC inhibitor but not affected by inhibiting PKCβ2 or Rho kinase. After exposure of the vessels to a sub-vasomotor concentration of PDBu (1 nmol/L, 60 min), the endothelium-dependent nitric oxide (NO)-mediated dilations in response to serotonin and adenosine were compromised but the dilation induced by the NO donor sodium nitroprusside was unaltered. PDBu elevated superoxide production, which was blocked by the superoxide scavenger Tempol. The impaired NO-mediated vasodilations were reversed by Tempol or inhibition of PKCβ2, xanthine oxidase, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and Rho kinase but were not affected by a hydrogen peroxide scavenger or inhibitors of NAD(P)H oxidase and p38 kinase. The PKCβ2 protein was detected in the arteriolar wall and co-localized with endothelial NO synthase. In conclusion, activation of PKCβ2 appears to compromise NO-mediated vasodilation via Rho kinase-mediated JNK signaling and superoxide production from xanthine oxidase, independent of the activation of the smooth muscle contractile machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naris Thengchaisri
- Department of Medical Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA; (N.T.); (T.W.H.); (Y.R.)
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Travis W. Hein
- Department of Medical Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA; (N.T.); (T.W.H.); (Y.R.)
| | - Yi Ren
- Department of Medical Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA; (N.T.); (T.W.H.); (Y.R.)
| | - Lih Kuo
- Department of Medical Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA; (N.T.); (T.W.H.); (Y.R.)
- Correspondence:
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Akhtar MJ, Ahamed M, Alhadlaq H. Anti-Inflammatory CeO 2 Nanoparticles Prevented Cytotoxicity Due to Exogenous Nitric Oxide Donors via Induction Rather Than Inhibition of Superoxide/Nitric Oxide in HUVE Cells. Molecules 2021; 26:5416. [PMID: 34500851 PMCID: PMC8434366 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism behind the cytoprotective potential of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) against cytotoxic nitric oxide (NO) donors and H2O2 is still not clear. Synthesized and characterized CeO2 NPs significantly ameliorated the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α. The main goal of this study was to determine the capacities of NPs regarding signaling effects that could have occurred due to reactive oxygen species (ROS) and/or NO, since NP-induced ROS/NO did not lead to toxicity in HUVE cells. Concentrations that induced 50% cell death (i.e., IC50s) of two NO donors (DETA-NO; 1250 ± 110 µM and sodium nitroprusside (SNP); 950 ± 89 µM) along with the IC50 of H2O2 (120 ± 7 µM) were utilized to evaluate cytoprotective potential and its underlying mechanism. We determined total ROS (as a collective marker of hydrogen peroxide, superoxide radical (O2•-), hydroxyl radical, etc.) by DCFH-DA and used a O2•- specific probe DHE to decipher prominent ROS. The findings revealed that signaling effects mediated mainly by O2•- and/or NO are responsible for the amelioration of toxicity by CeO2 NPs at 100 µg/mL. The unaltered effect on mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) due to NP exposure and, again, CeO2 NPs-mediated recovery in the loss of MMP due to exogenous NO donors and H2O2 suggested that NP-mediated O2•- production might be extra-mitochondrial. Data on activated glutathione reductase (GR) and unaffected glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities partially explain the mechanism behind the NP-induced gain in GSH and persistent cytoplasmic ROS. The promoted antioxidant capacity due to non-cytotoxic ROS and/or NO production, rather than inhibition, by CeO2 NP treatment may allow cells to develop the capacity to tolerate exogenously induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Javed Akhtar
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Maqusood Ahamed
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hisham Alhadlaq
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
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Elkhatib SK, Moshfegh CM, Watson GF, Schwab AD, Katsurada K, Patel KP, Case AJ. Splenic denervation attenuates repeated social defeat stress-induced T-lymphocyte inflammation. Biol Psychiatry Glob Open Sci 2021; 1:190-200. [PMID: 35330608 PMCID: PMC8941638 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2021.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a devastating psychological disorder. Patients with PTSD canonically demonstrate an increased risk for inflammatory diseases, as well as increased sympathetic tone and norepinephrine (NE) outflow. Yet, the exact etiology and causal nature of these physiologic changes remain unclear. Previously, we demonstrated that exogenous NE alters mitochondrial superoxide in T-lymphocytes to produce a pro-inflammatory T-helper 17 (TH17) phenotype, and observed similar TH17 polarization in a preclinical model of PTSD. Therefore, we hypothesized sympathetic-driven neuroimmune interactions could mediate psychological trauma-induced T-lymphocyte inflammation. Methods Repeated social defeat stress (RSDS) is a preclinical murine model that recapitulates the behavioral, autonomic, and inflammatory aspects of PTSD. Targeted splenic denervation (Dnx) was performed to deduce the contribution of splenic sympathetic nerves to RSDS-induced inflammation. Eighty-five C57BL/6J mice underwent Dnx or sham-operation, followed by RSDS or control paradigms. Animals were assessed for behavioral, autonomic, inflammatory, and redox profiles. Results Dnx did not alter the antisocial or anxiety-like behavior induced by RSDS. In circulation, RSDS Dnx animals exhibited diminished levels of T-lymphocyte-specific cytokines (IL-2, IL-17A, and IL-22) compared to intact animals, whereas other non-specific inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10) were unaffected by Dnx. Importantly, Dnx specifically ameliorated the increases in RSDS-induced T-lymphocyte mitochondrial superoxide, TH17 polarization, and pro-inflammatory gene expression with minimal impact to non-T-lymphocyte immune populations. Conclusions Overall, our data suggest that sympathetic nerves regulate RSDS-induced splenic T-lymphocyte inflammation, but play less of a role in the behavioral and non-T-lymphocyte inflammatory phenotypes induced by this psychological trauma paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safwan K. Elkhatib
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Cassandra M. Moshfegh
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Gabrielle F. Watson
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Aaron D. Schwab
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Kenichi Katsurada
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
- School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Kaushik P. Patel
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Adam J. Case
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Bryan, Texas
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93
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Li D, He Q, Yang H, Du Y, Yu K, Yang J, Tong X, Guo Y, Xu J, Qin L. Daily Dose of Bovine Lactoferrin Prevents Ethanol-Induced Liver Injury and Death in Male Mice by Regulating Hepatic Alcohol Metabolism and Modulating Gut Microbiota. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e2100253. [PMID: 34331394 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Lactoferrin (Lf) possess a protective potential to liver, but whether it can prevent alcoholic liver injury (ALI) remains unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS Four groups of male C57BL/6J mice are fed with different diets, namely, AIN-93G diet for control (CON) and ethanol (EtOH) groups, and AIN-93G diet with 0.4% and 4% casein replaced by Lf for low-dose Lf (LLf) and high-dose Lf (HLf) groups, respectively. ALI is induced by giving 20% ethanol ad libitum combined with four "binges". Lf can remarkably decrease EtOH-induced mortality. Lf promotes aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH2) expression and suppressing cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) overexpression, resulting in the reduced hepatic superoxide and inflammation levels, which ultimately leads to the hepatic injury alleviation. However, HLf increases acetyl-CoA carboxylase and fatty acid synthase protein levels, which suggests that excessive intake may weaken the beneficial effects of Lf. Moreover, LLf increases the relative abundances of Akkermansia and Lactobacillus. Additionally, the study shows that Lf likely exerts action in its digestive product forms rather than intact Lf molecular in normal condition. CONCLUSION LLf can ameliorate ALI, which is associated with the regulation of hepatic alcohol metabolism and the modulation of gut microbiota. However, excessive Lf intake may result in a diminished benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deming Li
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Qian He
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Huanhuan Yang
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Yafang Du
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Kangqing Yu
- Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610209, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xing Tong
- Laboratory Center, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yaxin Guo
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Jiaying Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Liqiang Qin
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
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Abstract
Understanding the alteration mechanisms of UO2-based nuclear fuel has a range of practical implications for both short- and long-term storage of spent fuel rods and environmental ramifications for the mobility of radioactive material at the Chernobyl and Fukushima sites. The major identified alteration phases on the surface of nuclear waste are analogues of schoepite UO3·2H2O, studtite UO2(O2)·4H2O, rutherfordine UO2CO3, and čejkaite Na4UO2(CO3)3. While α-radiolysis has been shown to cause the ingrowth of uranyl peroxide alteration phases, the prevalence of uranyl carbonate phases on solid waste forms has not been mechanistically explained to date, especially since the alteration chemistry is largely affected by the high temperatures of the spent nuclear material. Herein, we demonstrate the first mechanistic link between the formation of the uranyl superoxide (KUPS-1) phase, its reactivity at temperature ranges relevant to the spent nuclear fuel (40-350 °C), and its thermodynamic transformation into a potassium uranyl carbonate mineral phase, agricolaite K4[UO2(CO3)3], using thermogravimetric analysis, calorimetry, vibrational spectroscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction techniques. The thermodynamics data reveal the metastability of the uranyl superoxide KUPS-1 phase through decomposition of the hydrogen peroxide within the solid-state lattice. Increasing the temperature does not result in the breakdown of the superoxide anion bound to the uranyl cation but instead enhances its reactivity in the presence of CO2 gas, resulting in potassium carbonate phases at intermediate temperatures (150 °C) and in uranyl carbonate phases at higher temperatures (350 °C).
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95
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Mapuskar KA, Steinbach EJ, Zaher A, Riley DP, Beardsley RA, Keene JL, Holmlund JT, Anderson CM, Zepeda-Orozco D, Buatti JM, Spitz DR, Allen BG. Mitochondrial Superoxide Dismutase in Cisplatin-Induced Kidney Injury. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10091329. [PMID: 34572961 PMCID: PMC8469643 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is a chemotherapy agent commonly used to treat a wide variety of cancers. Despite the potential for both severe acute and chronic side effects, it remains a preferred therapeutic option for many malignancies due to its potent anti-tumor activity. Common cisplatin-associated side-effects include acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). These renal injuries may cause delays and potentially cessation of cisplatin therapy and have long-term effects on renal function reserve. Thus, developing mechanism-based interventional strategies that minimize cisplatin-associated kidney injury without reducing efficacy would be of great benefit. In addition to its action of cross-linking DNA, cisplatin has been shown to affect mitochondrial metabolism, resulting in mitochondrially derived reactive oxygen species (ROS). Increased ROS formation in renal proximal convoluted tubule cells is associated with cisplatin-induced AKI and CKD. We review the mechanisms by which cisplatin may induce AKI and CKD and discuss the potential of mitochondrial superoxide dismutase mimetics to prevent platinum-associated nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kranti A. Mapuskar
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (K.A.M.); (E.J.S.); (C.M.A.); (J.M.B.); (D.R.S.)
| | - Emily J. Steinbach
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (K.A.M.); (E.J.S.); (C.M.A.); (J.M.B.); (D.R.S.)
| | - Amira Zaher
- Biomedical Science Program, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
| | - Dennis P. Riley
- Galera Therapeutics, Inc., Malvern, PA 19355, USA; (D.P.R.); (R.A.B.); (J.L.K.); (J.T.H.)
| | - Robert A. Beardsley
- Galera Therapeutics, Inc., Malvern, PA 19355, USA; (D.P.R.); (R.A.B.); (J.L.K.); (J.T.H.)
| | - Jeffery L. Keene
- Galera Therapeutics, Inc., Malvern, PA 19355, USA; (D.P.R.); (R.A.B.); (J.L.K.); (J.T.H.)
| | - Jon T. Holmlund
- Galera Therapeutics, Inc., Malvern, PA 19355, USA; (D.P.R.); (R.A.B.); (J.L.K.); (J.T.H.)
| | - Carryn M. Anderson
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (K.A.M.); (E.J.S.); (C.M.A.); (J.M.B.); (D.R.S.)
| | - Diana Zepeda-Orozco
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA;
- College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - John M. Buatti
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (K.A.M.); (E.J.S.); (C.M.A.); (J.M.B.); (D.R.S.)
| | - Douglas R. Spitz
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (K.A.M.); (E.J.S.); (C.M.A.); (J.M.B.); (D.R.S.)
| | - Bryan G. Allen
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (K.A.M.); (E.J.S.); (C.M.A.); (J.M.B.); (D.R.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-319-335-8019; Fax: +1-319-335-8039
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Cucarull B, Tutusaus A, Hernáez-Alsina T, García de Frutos P, Reig M, Colell A, Marí M, Morales A. Antioxidants Threaten Multikinase Inhibitor Efficacy against Liver Cancer by Blocking Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1336. [PMID: 34572967 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sorafenib and regorafenib, multikinase inhibitors (MKIs) used as standard chemotherapeutic agents for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) during cancer treatment. Antioxidant supplements are becoming popular additions to our diet, particularly glutathione derivatives and mitochondrial-directed compounds. To address their possible interference during HCC chemotherapy, we analyzed the effect of common antioxidants using hepatoma cell lines and tumor spheroids. In liver cancer cell lines, sorafenib and regorafenib induced mitochondrial ROS production and potent cell death after glutathione depletion. In contrast, cabozantinib only exhibited oxidative cell death in specific HCC cell lines. After sorafenib and regorafenib administration, antioxidants such as glutathione methyl ester and the superoxide scavenger MnTBAP decreased cell death and ROS production, precluding the MKI activity against hepatoma cells. Interestingly, sorafenib-induced mitochondrial damage caused PINK/Parkin-dependent mitophagy stimulation, altered by increased ROS production. Finally, in sorafenib-treated tumor spheroids, while ROS induction reduced tumor growth, antioxidant treatments favored tumor development. In conclusion, the anti-tumor activity of specific MKIs, such as regorafenib and sorafenib, is altered by the cellular redox status, suggesting that uncontrolled antioxidant intake during HCC treatment should be avoided or only endorsed to diminish chemotherapy-induced side effects, always under medical scrutiny.
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Román Á, Li X, Deng D, Davey JW, James S, Graham IA, Haydon MJ. Superoxide is promoted by sucrose and affects amplitude of circadian rhythms in the evening. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2020646118. [PMID: 33674383 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2020646118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants must coordinate photosynthetic metabolism with the daily environment and adapt rhythmic physiology and development to match carbon availability. Circadian clocks drive biological rhythms which adjust to environmental cues. Products of photosynthetic metabolism, including sugars and reactive oxygen species (ROS), are closely associated with the plant circadian clock, and sugars have been shown to provide metabolic feedback to the circadian oscillator. Here, we report a comprehensive sugar-regulated transcriptome of Arabidopsis and identify genes associated with redox and ROS processes as a prominent feature of the transcriptional response. We show that sucrose increases levels of superoxide (O2 -), which is required for transcriptional and growth responses to sugar. We identify circadian rhythms of O2 --regulated transcripts which are phased around dusk and find that O2 - is required for sucrose to promote expression of TIMING OF CAB1 (TOC1) in the evening. Our data reveal a role for O2 - as a metabolic signal affecting transcriptional control of the circadian oscillator in Arabidopsis.
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98
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Misak A, Brezova V, Chovanec M, Luspai K, Nasim MJ, Grman M, Tomasova L, Jacob C, Ondrias K. EPR Study of KO 2 as a Source of Superoxide and •BMPO-OH/OOH Radical That Cleaves Plasmid DNA and Detects Radical Interaction with H 2S and Se-Derivatives. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10081286. [PMID: 34439533 PMCID: PMC8389328 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Superoxide radical anion (O2•−) and its derivatives regulate numerous physiological and pathological processes, which are extensively studied. The aim of our work was to utilize KO2 as a source of O2•− and the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spin trapping 5-tert-butoxycarbonyl-5-methyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (BMPO) technique for the preparation of •BMPO-OOH and/or •BMPO-OH radicals in water solution without DMSO. The method distinguishes the interactions of various compounds with •BMPO-OOH and/or •BMPO-OH radicals over time. Here, we show that the addition of a buffered BMPO-HCl mixture to powdered KO2 formed relatively stable •BMPO-OOH and •BMPO-OH radicals and H2O2, where the •BMPO-OOH/OH ratio depended on the pH. At a final pH of ~6.5–8.0, the concentration of •BMPO-OOH radicals was ≥20 times higher than that of •BMPO-OH, whereas at pH 9.0–10.0, the •BMPO-OH radicals prevailed. The •BMPO-OOH/OH radicals effectively cleaved the plasmid DNA. H2S decreased the concentration of •BMPO-OOH/OH radicals, whereas the selenium derivatives 1-methyl-4-(3-(phenylselanyl) propyl) piperazine and 1-methyl-4-(4-(phenylselanyl) butyl) piperazine increased the proportion of •BMPO-OH over the •BMPO-OOH radicals. In conclusion, the presented approach of using KO2 as a source of O2•−/H2O2 and EPR spin trap BMPO for the preparation of •BMPO-OOH/OH radicals in a physiological solution could be useful to study the biological effects of radicals and their interactions with compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Misak
- Biomedical Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology, Institute of Clinical and Translational Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.M.); (M.G.); (L.T.)
| | - Vlasta Brezova
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, 81237 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.B.); (K.L.)
| | - Miroslav Chovanec
- Biomedical Research Center, Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Karol Luspai
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, 81237 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.B.); (K.L.)
| | - Muhammad Jawad Nasim
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Saarland, D-66123 Saarbruecken, Germany; (M.J.N.); (C.J.)
| | - Marian Grman
- Biomedical Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology, Institute of Clinical and Translational Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.M.); (M.G.); (L.T.)
| | - Lenka Tomasova
- Biomedical Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology, Institute of Clinical and Translational Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.M.); (M.G.); (L.T.)
| | - Claus Jacob
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Saarland, D-66123 Saarbruecken, Germany; (M.J.N.); (C.J.)
| | - Karol Ondrias
- Biomedical Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology, Institute of Clinical and Translational Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.M.); (M.G.); (L.T.)
- Correspondence:
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Zhang Z, Gao Y, Li Z, Qiao L, Xiong Q, Deng L, Zhang Z, Long R, Zhou Q, Du Y, Lan Z, Zhao Y, Li C, Müllen K, Gao P. Marked Passivation Effect of Naphthalene-1,8-Dicarboximides in High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells. Adv Mater 2021; 33:e2008405. [PMID: 34176162 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202008405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
As game-changers in the photovoltaic community, perovskite solar cells are making unprecedented progress while still facing grand challenges such as improving lifetime without impairing efficiency. Herein, two structurally alike polyaromatic molecules based on naphthalene-1,8-dicarboximide (NMI) and perylene-3,4-dicarboximide (PMI) with different molecular dipoles are applied to tackle this issue. Contrasting the electronically pull-pull cyanide-substituted PMI (9CN-PMI) with only Lewis-base groups, the push-pull 4-hydroxybiphenyl-substituted NMI (4OH-NMI) with both protonic and Lewis-base groups can provide better chemical passivation for both shallow- and deep-level defects. Moreover, combined theoretical and experimental studies show that the 4OH-NMI can bind more firmly with perovskite and the polyaromatic backbones create benign midgap states in the excited perovskite to suppress the damage by superoxide anions (energetic passivation). The polar and protonic nature of 4OH-NMI facilitates band alignment and regulates the viscosity of the precursor solution for thicker perovskite films with better morphology. Consequently, the 4OH-NMI-passivated perovskite films exhibit reduced grain boundaries and nearly three-times lower defect density, boosting the device efficiency to 23.7%. A more effective design of the passivator for perovskites with multi-passivation mechanisms is provided in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Yifeng Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Zicheng Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Lu Qiao
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Qiu Xiong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Longhui Deng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Zilong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Run Long
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yitian Du
- Institute of Materials Physical Chemistry, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Zhang Lan
- Institute of Materials Physical Chemistry, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Yanfei Zhao
- Dongguan University of Technology, No.1 Daxue Road, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Chen Li
- Dongguan University of Technology, No.1 Daxue Road, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Peng Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
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Todorov L, Saso L, Benarous K, Traykova M, Linani A, Kostova I. Synthesis, Structure and Impact of 5-Aminoorotic Acid and Its Complexes with Lanthanum(III) and Gallium(III) on the Activity of Xanthine Oxidase. Molecules 2021; 26:4503. [PMID: 34361656 PMCID: PMC8348579 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The superoxide radical ion is involved in numerous physiological processes, associated with both health and pathology. Its participation in cancer onset and progression is well documented. Lanthanum(III) and gallium(III) are cations that are known to possess anticancer properties. Their coordination complexes are being investigated by the scientific community in the search for novel oncological disease remedies. Their complexes with 5-aminoorotic acid suppress superoxide, derived enzymatically from xanthine/xanthine oxidase (X/XO). It seems that they, to differing extents, impact the enzyme, or the substrate, or both. The present study closely examines their chemical structure by way of modern methods-IR, Raman, and 1H NMR spectroscopy. Their superoxide-scavenging behavior in the presence of a non-enzymatic source (potassium superoxide) is compared to that in the presence of an enzymatic source (X/XO). Enzymatic activity of XO, defined in terms of the production of uric acid, seems to be impacted by both complexes and the pure ligand in a concentration-dependent manner. In order to better relate the compounds' chemical characteristics to XO inhibition, they were docked in silico to XO. A molecular docking assay provided further proof that 5-aminoorotic acid and its complexes with lanthanum(III) and gallium(III) very probably suppress superoxide production via XO inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lozan Todorov
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Khedidja Benarous
- Laboratoire des Sciences Fondamentales, Université Amar Telidji, Laghouat 03000, Algeria; (K.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Maria Traykova
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Abderahmane Linani
- Laboratoire des Sciences Fondamentales, Université Amar Telidji, Laghouat 03000, Algeria; (K.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Irena Kostova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria;
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