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Sato N, Yako Y, Maruyama T, Ishikawa S, Kuromiya K, Tokuoka SM, Kita Y, Fujita Y. The COX-2/PGE 2 pathway suppresses apical elimination of RasV12-transformed cells from epithelia. Commun Biol 2020; 3:132. [PMID: 32188886 PMCID: PMC7080752 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-0847-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
At the initial stage of carcinogenesis, when RasV12-transformed cells are surrounded by normal epithelial cells, RasV12 cells are apically extruded from epithelia through cell competition with the surrounding normal cells. In this study, we demonstrate that expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 is upregulated in normal cells surrounding RasV12-transformed cells. Addition of COX inhibitor or COX-2-knockout promotes apical extrusion of RasV12 cells. Furthermore, production of Prostaglandin (PG) E2, a downstream prostanoid of COX-2, is elevated in normal cells surrounding RasV12 cells, and addition of PGE2 suppresses apical extrusion of RasV12 cells. In a cell competition mouse model, expression of COX-2 is elevated in pancreatic epithelia harbouring RasV12-exressing cells, and the COX inhibitor ibuprofen promotes apical extrusion of RasV12 cells. Moreover, caerulein-induced chronic inflammation substantially suppresses apical elimination of RasV12 cells. These results indicate that intrinsically or extrinsically mediated inflammation can promote tumour initiation by diminishing cell competition between normal and transformed cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanami Sato
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0815, Japan
| | - Yuta Yako
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0815, Japan
| | - Takeshi Maruyama
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0815, Japan
| | - Susumu Ishikawa
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0815, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kuromiya
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0815, Japan
| | - Suzumi M Tokuoka
- Department of Lipidomics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kita
- Department of Lipidomics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
- Life Sciences Core Facility, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Fujita
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0815, Japan.
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52
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Hudlikar RR, Sargsyan D, Wu R, Su S, Zheng M, Kong AN. Triterpenoid corosolic acid modulates global CpG methylation and transcriptome of tumor promotor TPA induced mouse epidermal JB6 P+ cells. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 321:109025. [PMID: 32135139 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation is one of the driving forces in the process of carcinogenesis. Corosolic acid (CA); triterpenoid abundantly found in Lagerstroemia speciosa L. is known to modulate various cellular process including cellular oxidative stress and signaling kinases in various diseases, including skin cancer. Genetic mutations in early stages of skin cancer are well-documented, the epigenetic alterations remain elusive. In the present study, we identified the transcriptomic gene expression changes with RNAseq and genome-wide DNA CpG methylation changes with DNA methylseq to profile the early stage transcriptomic and epigenomic changes using tumor promoter TPA-mediated mouse epidermal epithelial JB6 P+ cells. JB6 P+ cells were treated with TPA and Corosolic acid by 7.5uM optimized by MTS assay. Differentiated expressed genes (DEGs) and Differentially methylated genes (DMRs) were analyzed by R software. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) was employed to understand the differential regulation of specific pathways. Novel TPA induced differentially overexpressed genes like tumor promoter Prl2c2, small prolin rich protein (Sprr2h) was reported which was downregulated by corosolic acid treatment. Several cancer related pathways were identified by Ingenuity Pathways Analysis (IPA) including p53, Erk, TGF beta signaling pathways. Moreover, differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in genes like Dusp22 (Dual specificity protein phosphatase 22), Rassf (tumor suppressor gene family, Ras association domain family) in JB6 P+ cells were uncovered which are altered by TPA and are reversed by CA treatment. Interestingly, genes like CDK1 (Cyclin-dependent kinases 1) and RASSF2 (Ras association domain family member 2) observed to be differentially methylated and expressed which was further modulated by corosolic acid treatment, validated by qPCR. Given study indicated gene expression changes to DNA CpG methylation epigenomic changes modulated various molecular pathways in TPA-induced JB6 cells and revealed that CA can potentially reverse these changes which deciphering novel molecular targets for future prevention of early stages of skin cancer studies in human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasika R Hudlikar
- Center for Phytochemical Epigenome Studies, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA; Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Davit Sargsyan
- Center for Phytochemical Epigenome Studies, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA; Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Renyi Wu
- Center for Phytochemical Epigenome Studies, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA; Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Shan Su
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Meinizi Zheng
- Center for Phytochemical Epigenome Studies, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA; Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Ah-Ng Kong
- Center for Phytochemical Epigenome Studies, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA; Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.
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53
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Yuan L, Alexander PB, Wang XF. Cellular senescence: from anti-cancer weapon to anti-aging target. Sci China Life Sci 2020; 63:332-342. [PMID: 32060861 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-019-1629-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cellular senescence (CS) is a state of stable cell cycle arrest characterized by the production and secretion of inflammatory molecules. Early studies described oncogene-induced senescence (OIS) as a barrier to tumorigenesis, such that the therapeutic induction of CS might represent a rational anti-cancer strategy. Indeed, the validity of this approach has been borne out by the development and approval of the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor palbociclib for the treatment of breast cancer. Apart from tumors, senescent cells have also been shown to accumulate during natural mammalian aging, where they produce detrimental effects on the physiology of surrounding tissues. Thus, pharmacological senescent cell depletion has been proposed as an approach to delay age-related functional decline; this has been formally demonstrated in animal models. In this review article, we describe the current mechanistic understanding of cellular senescence at the molecular level and how it informs the development of new therapeutic strategies to combat cancer and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Yuan
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | | | - Xiao-Fan Wang
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
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Abstract
The link between asbestos exposure and the onset of thoracic malignancies is well established. However epidemiological studies have provided evidences that asbestos may be also involved in the development of gastrointestinal tumors, including intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). In line with this observation, asbestos fibers have been detected in the liver of patients with ICC. Although the exact mechanism still remains unknown, the presence of asbestos fibers in the liver could be explained in the light of their translocation pathway following ingestion/inhalation. In the liver, thin and long asbestos fibers could remain trapped in the smaller bile ducts, particularly in the stem cell niche of the canals of Hering, and exerting their carcinogenic effect for a long time, thus inducing hepatic stem/progenitor cells (HpSCs) malignant transformation. In this scenario, chronic liver damage induced by asbestos fibers over the years could be seen as a classic model of stem cell-derived carcinogenesis, where HpSC malignant transformation represents the first step of this process. This phenomenon could explain the recent epidemiological findings, where asbestos exposure seems mainly involved in ICC, rather than extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Brandi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Simona Tavolari
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
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Gao M, Zhang P, Huang L, Shao H, Duan S, Li C, Zhang Q, Wang W, Wu Y, Wang J, Liu H, Feng F. Is NLRP3 or NLRP6 inflammasome activation associated with inflammation-related lung tumorigenesis induced by benzo(a)pyrene and lipopolysaccharide? Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019; 185:109687. [PMID: 31561077 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation has been shown to play a vital role in lung tumorigenesis. Recently, we have successfully developed a C57BL/6 mouse model of inflammation-related lung tumorigenesis induced by benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)p] and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which will contribute to better understand the association between pulmonary inflammation and cancer. In this study, we aim to explore the role of NLRP3 and NLRP6 inflammasome in lung tumorigenesis in the animal model that we set up previously. Levels of NLRP3, NLRP6, interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18 protein in lung tissues were detected by using immunohistochemistry. The co-localization of NLRP3 or NLRP6 with caspase-1 was examined using immunofluorescence and confocal. Western blotting was used to evaluate the levels of caspase-1 p10 and cleaved-IL-1β protein. The expression of IL-18 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was measured using ELISA kit. The expression of NLRP3, NLRP6 and IL-18 protein in the lung tissues of mice exposed to B(a)p plus LPS was upregulated significantly compared with those in Vehicle control group. Immunofluorescent results indicated the co-localization of NLRP3 with caspase-1 was increased in the lung tissues of LPS-, B(a)p- or B(a)p plus LPS-exposed mice than that in Vehicle control group, but no co-localization of NLRP6 with caspase-1. Additionally, caspase-1 activation was induced, cleaved-IL-1β in lung tissues and IL-18 protein in BALF were increased in B(a)p plus LPS-exposed mice compared with those in B(a)p group. In conclusion, our results from this study demonstrate that NLRP3 inflammasome, not NLRP6 inflammasome, activation is involved in B(a)p plus LPS-induced inflammation-related lung tumorigenesis in mice, but the mechanisms of NLRP6 participate in the development of lung cancer should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Gao
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Cancer, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Henan Cancer Hospital), Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hua Shao
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shuyin Duan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chunyang Li
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qiao Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yongjun Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Feifei Feng
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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56
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Wang Z, Lin HP, Li Y, Tao H, Yang P, Xie J, Maddy D, Kondo K, Yang C. Chronic Hexavalent Chromium Exposure Induces Cancer Stem Cell-Like Property and Tumorigenesis by Increasing c-Myc Expression. Toxicol Sci 2019; 172:252-264. [PMID: 31504995 PMCID: PMC6876261 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfz196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] is one of the most common environmental carcinogen causing lung cancer in humans; however, the mechanism of Cr(VI) carcinogenesis remains elusive. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are considered as cancer initiating and maintaining cells. Ours and other recent studies showed that chronic Cr(VI) exposure induces CSC-like property representing an important mechanism of Cr(VI) carcinogenesis. However, how Cr(VI) exposure induces CSC-like property remains largely unknown. In this study, we found that stably knocking down the expression of c-Myc, a proto-oncogene and one of key stemness factors playing critical roles in cancer initiation and progression, in Cr(VI)-transformed human bronchial epithelial cells [BEAS-2B-Cr(VI)] significantly decreased their CSC-like property and tumorigenicity in mice. Moreover, stably knocking down c-Myc expression in parental nontransformed BEAS-2B cells significantly impaired the capability of chronic Cr(VI) exposure to induce CSC-like property and cell transformation. It was also found that stably overexpressing c-Myc alone in parental nontransformed BEAS-2B cells is capable of causing CSC-like property and cell transformation. Mechanistic studies showed that chronic Cr(VI) exposure increases c-Myc expression by down-regulating the level of microRNA-494 (miR-494). It was further determined that overexpressing miR-494 significantly reduces Cr(VI)-induced CSC-like property, cell transformation, and tumorigenesis mainly through down-regulating c-Myc expression. Together, these findings indicate that chronic low dose Cr(VI) exposure induces CSC-like property and tumorigenesis by increasing c-Myc expression through down-regulating the level of miR-494, revealing an important role of the proto-oncogene c-Myc in Cr(VI) carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhishan Wang
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky 40536
| | - Hsuan-Pei Lin
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky 40536
| | - Yunfei Li
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky 40536
| | - Hua Tao
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky 40536
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky 40536
- School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Jie Xie
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky 40536
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Drew Maddy
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky 40536
| | - Kazuya Kondo
- Department of Oncological Medical Services, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima City 770-8509, Japan
| | - Chengfeng Yang
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky 40536
- Center for Research on Environmental Disease, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky 40536
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57
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Wang Z, Lin HP, Li Y, Tao H, Yang P, Xie J, Maddy D, Kondo K, Yang C. Chronic Hexavalent Chromium Exposure Induces Cancer Stem Cell-Like Property and Tumorigenesis by Increasing c-Myc Expression. Toxicol Sci 2019. [PMID: 31504995 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfzl96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] is one of the most common environmental carcinogen causing lung cancer in humans; however, the mechanism of Cr(VI) carcinogenesis remains elusive. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are considered as cancer initiating and maintaining cells. Ours and other recent studies showed that chronic Cr(VI) exposure induces CSC-like property representing an important mechanism of Cr(VI) carcinogenesis. However, how Cr(VI) exposure induces CSC-like property remains largely unknown. In this study, we found that stably knocking down the expression of c-Myc, a proto-oncogene and one of key stemness factors playing critical roles in cancer initiation and progression, in Cr(VI)-transformed human bronchial epithelial cells [BEAS-2B-Cr(VI)] significantly decreased their CSC-like property and tumorigenicity in mice. Moreover, stably knocking down c-Myc expression in parental nontransformed BEAS-2B cells significantly impaired the capability of chronic Cr(VI) exposure to induce CSC-like property and cell transformation. It was also found that stably overexpressing c-Myc alone in parental nontransformed BEAS-2B cells is capable of causing CSC-like property and cell transformation. Mechanistic studies showed that chronic Cr(VI) exposure increases c-Myc expression by down-regulating the level of microRNA-494 (miR-494). It was further determined that overexpressing miR-494 significantly reduces Cr(VI)-induced CSC-like property, cell transformation, and tumorigenesis mainly through down-regulating c-Myc expression. Together, these findings indicate that chronic low dose Cr(VI) exposure induces CSC-like property and tumorigenesis by increasing c-Myc expression through down-regulating the level of miR-494, revealing an important role of the proto-oncogene c-Myc in Cr(VI) carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhishan Wang
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky 40536
| | - Hsuan-Pei Lin
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky 40536
| | - Yunfei Li
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky 40536
| | - Hua Tao
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky 40536
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky 40536
- School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Jie Xie
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky 40536
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Drew Maddy
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky 40536
| | - Kazuya Kondo
- Department of Oncological Medical Services, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima City 770-8509, Japan
| | - Chengfeng Yang
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky 40536
- Center for Research on Environmental Disease, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky 40536
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58
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Bhagat TD, Von Ahrens D, Dawlaty M, Zou Y, Baddour J, Achreja A, Zhao H, Yang L, Patel B, Kwak C, Choudhary GS, Gordon-Mitchell S, Aluri S, Bhattacharyya S, Sahu S, Bhagat P, Yu Y, Bartenstein M, Giricz O, Suzuki M, Sohal D, Gupta S, Guerrero PA, Batra S, Goggins M, Steidl U, Greally J, Agarwal B, Pradhan K, Banerjee D, Nagrath D, Maitra A, Verma A. Lactate-mediated epigenetic reprogramming regulates formation of human pancreatic cancer-associated fibroblasts. eLife 2019; 8:e50663. [PMID: 31663852 PMCID: PMC6874475 DOI: 10.7554/elife.50663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Even though pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is associated with fibrotic stroma, the molecular pathways regulating the formation of cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are not well elucidated. An epigenomic analysis of patient-derived and de-novo generated CAFs demonstrated widespread loss of cytosine methylation that was associated with overexpression of various inflammatory transcripts including CXCR4. Co-culture of neoplastic cells with CAFs led to increased invasiveness that was abrogated by inhibition of CXCR4. Metabolite tracing revealed that lactate produced by neoplastic cells leads to increased production of alpha-ketoglutarate (aKG) within mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). In turn, aKG mediated activation of the demethylase TET enzyme led to decreased cytosine methylation and increased hydroxymethylation during de novo differentiation of MSCs to CAF. Co-injection of neoplastic cells with TET-deficient MSCs inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Thus, in PDAC, a tumor-mediated lactate flux is associated with widespread epigenomic reprogramming that is seen during CAF formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tushar D Bhagat
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Dagny Von Ahrens
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Meelad Dawlaty
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Yiyu Zou
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Joelle Baddour
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborUnited States
| | - Abhinav Achreja
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborUnited States
| | - Hongyun Zhao
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborUnited States
| | - Lifeng Yang
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborUnited States
| | | | - Changsoo Kwak
- Department of Pathology, Sheikh Ahmed Pancreatic Cancer Research CenterUT MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonUnited States
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Sheikh Ahmed Pancreatic Cancer Research CenterUT MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonUnited States
| | - Gaurav S Choudhary
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | | | - Srinivas Aluri
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | | | - Srabani Sahu
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Prafulla Bhagat
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Yiting Yu
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Matthias Bartenstein
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Orsi Giricz
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Masako Suzuki
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - Davendra Sohal
- Department of MedicineCleveland ClinicClevelandUnited States
| | - Sonal Gupta
- Department of Pathology, Sheikh Ahmed Pancreatic Cancer Research CenterUT MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonUnited States
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Sheikh Ahmed Pancreatic Cancer Research CenterUT MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonUnited States
| | - Paola A Guerrero
- Department of Pathology, Sheikh Ahmed Pancreatic Cancer Research CenterUT MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonUnited States
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Sheikh Ahmed Pancreatic Cancer Research CenterUT MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonUnited States
| | | | | | - Ulrich Steidl
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | - John Greally
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | | | - Kith Pradhan
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
| | | | - Deepak Nagrath
- Biointerfaces InstituteUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborUnited States
| | - Anirban Maitra
- Department of Pathology, Sheikh Ahmed Pancreatic Cancer Research CenterUT MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonUnited States
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Sheikh Ahmed Pancreatic Cancer Research CenterUT MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonUnited States
| | - Amit Verma
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
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59
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Moeini A, Torrecilla S, Tovar V, Montironi C, Andreu-Oller C, Peix J, Higuera M, Pfister D, Ramadori P, Pinyol R, Solé M, Heikenwälder M, Friedman SL, Sia D, Llovet JM. An Immune Gene Expression Signature Associated With Development of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Identifies Mice That Respond to Chemopreventive Agents. Gastroenterology 2019; 157:1383-1397.e11. [PMID: 31344396 PMCID: PMC6815707 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2019.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Cirrhosis and chronic inflammation precede development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in approximately 80% of cases. We investigated immune-related gene expression patterns in liver tissues surrounding early-stage HCCs and chemopreventive agents that might alter these patterns to prevent liver tumorigenesis. METHODS We analyzed gene expression profiles of nontumor liver tissues from 392 patients with early-stage HCC (training set, N = 167 and validation set, N = 225) and liver tissue from patients with cirrhosis without HCC (N = 216, controls) to identify changes in expression of genes that regulate the immune response that could contribute to hepatocarcinogenesis. We defined 172 genes as markers for this deregulated immune response, which we called the immune-mediated cancer field (ICF). We analyzed the expression data of liver tissues from 216 patients with cirrhosis without HCC and investigated the association between this gene expression signature and development of HCC and outcomes of patients (median follow-up, 10 years). Human liver tissues were also analyzed by histology. C57BL/6J mice were given a single injection of diethylnitrosamine (DEN) followed by weekly doses of carbon tetrachloride to induce liver fibrosis and tumorigenesis. Mice were then orally given the multiple tyrosine inhibitor nintedanib or vehicle (controls); liver tissues were collected and histology, transcriptome, and protein analyses were performed. We also analyzed transcriptomes of liver tissues collected from mice on a choline-deficient high-fat diet, which developed chronic liver inflammation and tumors, orally given aspirin and clopidogrel or the anti-inflammatory agent sulindac vs mice on a chow (control) diet. RESULTS We found the ICF gene expression pattern in 50% of liver tissues from patients with cirrhosis without HCC and in 60% of nontumor liver tissues from patients with early-stage HCC. The liver tissues with the ICF gene expression pattern had 3 different features: increased numbers of effector T cells; increased expression of genes that suppress the immune response and activation of transforming growth factor β signaling; or expression of genes that promote inflammation and activation of interferon gamma signaling. Patients with cirrhosis and liver tissues with the immunosuppressive profile (10% of cases) had a higher risk of HCC (hazard ratio, 2.41; 95% confidence interval, 1.21-4.80). Mice with chemically induced fibrosis or diet-induced steatohepatitis given nintedanib or aspirin and clopidogrel down-regulated the ICF gene expression pattern in liver and developed fewer and smaller tumors than mice given vehicle. CONCLUSIONS We identified an immune-related gene expression pattern in liver tissues of patients with early-stage HCC, called the ICF, that is associated with risk of HCC development in patients with cirrhosis. Administration of nintedanib or aspirin and clopidogrel to mice with chronic liver inflammation caused loss of this gene expression pattern and development of fewer and smaller liver tumors. Agents that alter immune regulatory gene expression patterns associated with carcinogenesis might be tested as chemopreventive agents in patients with cirrhosis.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Anticarcinogenic Agents/pharmacology
- Aspirin/pharmacology
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/immunology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Case-Control Studies
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/immunology
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/pathology
- Clopidogrel/pharmacology
- Diethylnitrosamine
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Gene Regulatory Networks
- Humans
- Indoles/pharmacology
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/immunology
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/prevention & control
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Transcriptome
- Tumor Escape/genetics
- Tumor Microenvironment
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Affiliation(s)
- Agrin Moeini
- Liver Cancer Translational Research Liver Cancer Translational Research Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)-Hospital Clínic, Liver Unit, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Sara Torrecilla
- Liver Cancer Translational Research Liver Cancer Translational Research Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)-Hospital Clínic, Liver Unit, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Victoria Tovar
- Liver Cancer Translational Research Liver Cancer Translational Research Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)-Hospital Clínic, Liver Unit, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Carla Montironi
- Liver Cancer Translational Research Liver Cancer Translational Research Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)-Hospital Clínic, Liver Unit, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Mount Sinai Liver Cancer Program, Department of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Carmen Andreu-Oller
- Liver Cancer Translational Research Liver Cancer Translational Research Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)-Hospital Clínic, Liver Unit, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Judit Peix
- Liver Cancer Translational Research Liver Cancer Translational Research Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)-Hospital Clínic, Liver Unit, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Mónica Higuera
- Liver Cancer Translational Research Liver Cancer Translational Research Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)-Hospital Clínic, Liver Unit, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Liver diseases, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dominik Pfister
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pierluigi Ramadori
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Roser Pinyol
- Liver Cancer Translational Research Liver Cancer Translational Research Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)-Hospital Clínic, Liver Unit, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Manel Solé
- Liver Cancer Translational Research Liver Cancer Translational Research Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)-Hospital Clínic, Liver Unit, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Mathias Heikenwälder
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Scott L Friedman
- Mount Sinai Liver Cancer Program, Department of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Daniela Sia
- Mount Sinai Liver Cancer Program, Department of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA.
| | - Josep M Llovet
- Liver Cancer Translational Research Liver Cancer Translational Research Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)-Hospital Clínic, Liver Unit, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Mount Sinai Liver Cancer Program, Department of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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60
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Zhang Y, Gundelach J, Lindquist LD, Baker DJ, van Deursen J, Bram RJ. Chemotherapy-induced cellular senescence suppresses progression of Notch-driven T-ALL. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0224172. [PMID: 31661505 PMCID: PMC6818774 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a serious hematologic malignancy that occurs in children and young adults. Current therapies include intensive chemotherapy and ionizing radiation that preferentially kill malignant cells. Unfortunately, they are frequently accompanied by unintended negative impacts, including the induction of cellular senescence and long-term toxicities in normal host tissues. Whether these senescent cells resulting from therapy increase the susceptibility to relapse or secondary cancers is unknown. Using transgenic and pharmacological approaches to eliminate doxorubicin-induced senescent cells in a Notch-driven T-ALL relapse mouse model, we find that these cells inhibit tumor recurrence, suggesting that senescence in response to treatment suppresses tumorigenesis. This finding, together with extensive evidence from others demonstrating that age-associated health problems develop dramatically earlier among childhood cancer survivors compared to age-matched counterparts, suggests a relationship between therapy-induced senescence and tumorigenesis. Although cancer risk is increased through accelerated premature-aging in the long run, therapy-induced senescence appears to protect survivors from recurrence, at least in the short run.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Justin Gundelach
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Lonnie D. Lindquist
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Darren J. Baker
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Jan van Deursen
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Richard J. Bram
- Department of Immunology, and Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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61
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Han KH, Kwak M, Lee TH, Park MS, Jeong IH, Kim MJ, Jin JO, Lee PCW. USP14 Inhibition Regulates Tumorigenesis by Inducing Autophagy in Lung Cancer In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215300. [PMID: 31653087 PMCID: PMC6862215 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin–proteasome system is an essential regulator of several cellular pathways involving oncogenes. Deubiquitination negatively regulates target proteins or substrates linked to both hereditary and sporadic forms of cancer. The deubiquitinating enzyme ubiquitin-specific protease 14 (USP14) is associated with proteasomes where it trims the ubiquitin chain on the substrate. Here, we found that USP14 is highly expressed in patients with lung cancer. We also demonstrated that USP14 inhibitors (IU1-47 and siRNA-USP14) significantly decreased cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in lung cancer. Remarkably, we found that USP14 negatively regulates lung tumorigenesis not only through apoptosis but also through the autophagy pathway. Our findings suggest that USP14 plays a crucial role in lung tumorigenesis and that USP14 inhibitors are potent drugs in lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Ho Han
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea.
| | - Minseok Kwak
- Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea.
| | - Tae Hyeong Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea.
| | - Min-Soo Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea.
| | - In-Ho Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea.
| | - Min Ji Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea.
| | - Jun-O Jin
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea.
| | - Peter Chang-Whan Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea.
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Chen S, Li D, Zhang H, Yu D, Chen R, Zhang B, Tan Y, Niu Y, Duan H, Mai B, Chen S, Yu J, Luan T, Chen L, Xing X, Li Q, Xiao Y, Dong G, Niu Y, Aschner M, Zhang R, Zheng Y, Chen W. The development of a cell-based model for the assessment of carcinogenic potential upon long-term PM2.5 exposure. Environ Int 2019; 131:104943. [PMID: 31295644 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.104943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To assess the carcinogenic potential of PM2.5 exposure, we developed a cell-based experimental protocol to examine the cell transformation activity of PM2.5 samples from different regions in China. The seasonal ambient PM2.5 samples were collected from three megacities, Beijing (BJ), Wuhan (WH), and Guangzhou (GZ), from November 2016 to October 2017. The mean concentrations of PM2.5 were much higher in the winter season (BJ: 109.64 μg/m3, WH: 79.99 μg/m3, GZ: 49.99 μg/m3) than that in summer season (BJ: 42.40 μg/m3, WH: 25.82 μg/m3, GZ: 19.82 μg/m3). The organic extracts (OE) of PM2.5 samples from combined summer (S) (June, July, August) or winter (W) (November, December, January) seasons were subjected to characterization of chemical components. We treated human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells expressing CYP1A1 (HBE-1A1) with PM2.5 samples at doses ranging from 0 to 100 μg/mL (0, 1.563, 3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100 μg/mL) and determined the phenotype of malignant cell transformation. A dose-response relationship was analyzed by benchmark dose (BMD) modeling, and the potential were indicated by BMDL10. The order of the carcinogenic risk of seasonal PM2.5 samples from high to low was BJ-W, WH-W, GZ-W, WH-S, BJ-S, and GZ-S. Notably, we found that the alteration in the lung cancer-related biomarkers, KRAS, PTEN, p53, c-Myc, PCNA, pAKT/AKT, and pERK/ERK was congruent with the activity of cell transformation and the content of specific components of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) bound to PM2.5. Taken together, we have successfully developed a cell-based alternative model for the evaluation of potent carcinogenicity upon long-term PM2.5 exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Chen
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Daochuan Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Dianke Yu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Wuhan Children's Hospital & Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430015, China
| | - Yafei Tan
- Wuhan Children's Hospital & Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430015, China
| | - Yong Niu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Huawei Duan
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Bixian Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Shejun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jianzhen Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tiangang Luan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Liping Chen
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiumei Xing
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Qiong Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yongmei Xiao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Guanghui Dong
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yujie Niu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Forchheimer 209, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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Abstract
Atypical protein kinase C (aPKC) isozymes, PKCλ/ι and PKCζ, are now considered fundamental regulators of tumorigenesis. However, the specific separation of functions that determine their different roles in cancer is still being unraveled. Both aPKCs have pleiotropic context-dependent functions that can translate into tumor-promoter or -suppressive functions. Here, we review early and more recent literature to discuss how the different tumor types, and their microenvironments, might account for the selective signaling of each aPKC isotype. This is of clinical relevance because a better understanding of the roles of these kinases is essential for the design of new anti-cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Reina-Campos
- Cancer Metabolism and Signaling Networks Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Maria T Diaz-Meco
- Cancer Metabolism and Signaling Networks Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jorge Moscat
- Cancer Metabolism and Signaling Networks Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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Gianì F, Pandini G, Scalisi NM, Vigneri P, Fazzari C, Malandrino P, Russo M, Masucci R, Belfiore A, Pellegriti G, Vigneri R. Effect of low-dose tungsten on human thyroid stem/precursor cells and their progeny. Endocr Relat Cancer 2019; 26:713-725. [PMID: 31146257 DOI: 10.1530/erc-19-0176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer incidence is increased in volcanic areas where environment pollution biocontaminates residents. Tungsten (W) is the most increased heavy metal in drinking water of Mount Etna volcanic area where it exceeds the normal range in the urine of 27% inhabitants. The possible connection between increased tungsten and thyroid cancer has never been studied. We investigated in vitro the effect tungsten on both human thyrocytes in primary culture, thyrospheres (aggregates of stem/precursor thyroid cells) and thyrocytes differentiated from tungsten-exposed thyrospheres. Chronic exposure to low-dose (nanomolar range, as in the urines of volcanic area residents) soluble tungsten had major biological effects on thyroid stem/precursor cells, promoting growth with a biphasic (hormetic) dose-response and reducing apoptosis. No such effects were observed in mature thyrocytes. In addition, tungsten-exposed thyrospheres had abnormal expression of genes commonly altered also in thyroid cancer and increased activation of the DNA-repair proteins H2AX and 53BP1. Moreover, exposure to tungsten decreased thyrosphere differentiation, as indicated by the reduced expression of thyroid-specific genes in derived thyrocytes that also showed preneoplastic changes such as increased anchorage-independent growth, clonogenic growth and migration capacity. The mechanism of action of tungsten on thyroid stem/precursor cells is unclear but involves membrane G-proteins and activation of the ERK signaling pathway. These data indicate that chronic exposure to slightly increased tungsten, harmless for mature thyrocytes, importantly affects the biology of stem/precursor thyroid cells and of their progeny, inducing characteristics of preneoplastic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiorenza Gianì
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pandini
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, Catania, Italy
| | - Nunzio Massimo Scalisi
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, Catania, Italy
| | - Paolo Vigneri
- Medical Oncology and Center of Experimental Oncology and Hematology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, A.O.U Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Pasqualino Malandrino
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, Catania, Italy
| | - Marco Russo
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, Catania, Italy
| | - Romilda Masucci
- Surgical Oncology, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, Catania, Italy
| | - Antonino Belfiore
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, Catania, Italy
| | - Gwabriella Pellegriti
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, Catania, Italy
| | - Riccardo Vigneri
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, Catania, Italy
- IC Crystallography Institute, National Research Council, CNR, Catania, Italy
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65
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Malouf C, Ottersbach K. Fetal liver Mll-AF4+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells respond directly to poly(I:C), but not to a single maternal immune activation. Exp Hematol 2019; 76:49-59. [PMID: 31381950 PMCID: PMC6859497 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2019.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
T(4;11) MLL-AF4 acute leukemia is one of the most aggressive malignancies in infant and pediatric populations. Epidemiological and functional studies have highlighted the influence of an overstimulation of the immune system on leukemia development. This study aimed at assessing if the cell-of-origin of t(4;11) MLL-AF4 acute leukemia is sensitive to a viral or bacterial mimic and if maternal immune activation can lead to a full-blown leukemia. To answer this, we used the Mll-AF4 pre-leukemia mouse model that initiates the expression of Mll-AF4 in the first definitive hematopoietic cells formed during embryonic development. We observed an increase in proliferation upon hematopoietic differentiation of fetal liver Mll-AF4+ Lineage-Sca1+ckit+ (LSK) cells exposed to the immune stimulants, poly(I:C) or LPS/lipopolysaccharide. This was accompanied by increased expression of a subset of MLL-AF4 signature genes and members of the Toll-like receptor signaling pathways in fetal liver Mll-AF4+ LSK exposed to poly(I:C), suggesting that the cell-of-origin responds to inflammatory stimuli. Maternal immune activation using a single dose of poly(I:C) did not lead to the development of leukemia in Mll-AF4+ and control offspring. Instead, aging MLL-AF4+ mice showed an increased proportion of T-lymphoid cells in the spleen, lost their B-lymphoid bias, and had decreased frequencies of hematopoietic stem and multipotent progenitor cells. Overall, this study suggests that the fetal liver Mll-AF4+ LSK cells are sensitive to direct exposure to inflammatory stimuli, especially poly(I:C); however, maternal immune activation induced by a single exposure to poly(I:C) is not sufficient to initiate MLL-AF4 leukemogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Malouf
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, United Kingdom
| | - Katrin Ottersbach
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, United Kingdom.
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66
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Chen G, Luo Y, Warncke K, Sun Y, Yu DS, Fu H, Behera M, Ramalingam SS, Doetsch PW, Duong DM, Lammers M, Curran WJ, Deng X. Acetylation regulates ribonucleotide reductase activity and cancer cell growth. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3213. [PMID: 31324785 PMCID: PMC6642173 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11214-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) catalyzes the de novo synthesis of deoxyribonucleoside diphosphates (dNDPs) to provide dNTP precursors for DNA synthesis. Here, we report that acetylation and deacetylation of the RRM2 subunit of RNR acts as a molecular switch that impacts RNR activity, dNTP synthesis, and DNA replication fork progression. Acetylation of RRM2 at K95 abrogates RNR activity by disrupting its homodimer assembly. RRM2 is directly acetylated by KAT7, and deacetylated by Sirt2, respectively. Sirt2, which level peak in S phase, sustains RNR activity at or above a threshold level required for dNTPs synthesis. We also find that radiation or camptothecin-induced DNA damage promotes RRM2 deacetylation by enhancing Sirt2-RRM2 interaction. Acetylation of RRM2 at K95 results in the reduction of the dNTP pool, DNA replication fork stalling, and the suppression of tumor cell growth in vitro and in vivo. This study therefore identifies acetylation as a regulatory mechanism governing RNR activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Chen
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, 1365C Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, 510632, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yin Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, 1510 Clifton Rd. NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Kurt Warncke
- Department of Physics, Emory University, 400 Dowman Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Youwei Sun
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, 1365C Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - David S Yu
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, 1365C Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Haian Fu
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, 1510 Clifton Rd. NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Madhusmita Behera
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, 1365C Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Suresh S Ramalingam
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, 1365C Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Paul W Doetsch
- Laboratory of Genome Integrity and Structural Biology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Duc M Duong
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, 1510 Clifton Rd. NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Michael Lammers
- Institute of Biochemistry, Synthetic and Structural Biochemistry, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 4, Greifswald, 17487, Germany
| | - Walter J Curran
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, 1365C Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Xingming Deng
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, 1365C Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
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Sin-Chan P, Mumal I, Suwal T, Ho B, Fan X, Singh I, Du Y, Lu M, Patel N, Torchia J, Popovski D, Fouladi M, Guilhamon P, Hansford JR, Leary S, Hoffman LM, Mulcahy Levy JM, Lassaletta A, Solano-Paez P, Rivas E, Reddy A, Gillespie GY, Gupta N, Van Meter TE, Nakamura H, Wong TT, Ra YS, Kim SK, Massimi L, Grundy RG, Fangusaro J, Johnston D, Chan J, Lafay-Cousin L, Hwang EI, Wang Y, Catchpoole D, Michaud J, Ellezam B, Ramanujachar R, Lindsay H, Taylor MD, Hawkins CE, Bouffet E, Jabado N, Singh SK, Kleinman CL, Barsyte-Lovejoy D, Li XN, Dirks PB, Lin CY, Mack SC, Rich JN, Huang A. A C19MC-LIN28A-MYCN Oncogenic Circuit Driven by Hijacked Super-enhancers Is a Distinct Therapeutic Vulnerability in ETMRs: A Lethal Brain Tumor. Cancer Cell 2019; 36:51-67.e7. [PMID: 31287992 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Embryonal tumors with multilayered rosettes (ETMRs) are highly lethal infant brain cancers with characteristic amplification of Chr19q13.41 miRNA cluster (C19MC) and enrichment of pluripotency factor LIN28A. Here we investigated C19MC oncogenic mechanisms and discovered a C19MC-LIN28A-MYCN circuit fueled by multiple complex regulatory loops including an MYCN core transcriptional network and super-enhancers resulting from long-range MYCN DNA interactions and C19MC gene fusions. Our data show that this powerful oncogenic circuit, which entraps an early neural lineage network, is potently abrogated by bromodomain inhibitor JQ1, leading to ETMR cell death.
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MESH Headings
- Biomarkers, Tumor
- Brain Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Brain Neoplasms/etiology
- Brain Neoplasms/therapy
- Cell Cycle/genetics
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2
- DNA Copy Number Variations
- Enhancer Elements, Genetic
- Epigenesis, Genetic
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Gene Regulatory Networks
- Genetic Association Studies
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Humans
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- Models, Biological
- Multigene Family
- N-Myc Proto-Oncogene Protein/genetics
- Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal/diagnosis
- Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal/etiology
- Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal/therapy
- Oncogenes
- RNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Sin-Chan
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, Division of Haematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G0A4, Canada
| | - Iqra Mumal
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, Division of Haematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G0A4, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S1A8, Canada
| | - Tannu Suwal
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, Division of Haematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G0A4, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S1A8, Canada
| | - Ben Ho
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, Division of Haematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G0A4, Canada
| | - Xiaolian Fan
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, Division of Haematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G0A4, Canada
| | - Irtisha Singh
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yuchen Du
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mei Lu
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, Division of Haematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G0A4, Canada
| | - Neilket Patel
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, Division of Haematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G0A4, Canada
| | - Jonathon Torchia
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center-OICR Translational Genomics Laboratory, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada
| | - Dean Popovski
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, Division of Haematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G0A4, Canada
| | - Maryam Fouladi
- Division of Oncology, Department of Cancer and Blood Diseases, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Paul Guilhamon
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program and Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G0A4, Canada
| | - Jordan R Hansford
- Children's Cancer Centre, Royal Children's Hospital, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Sarah Leary
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Lindsey M Hoffman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jean M Mulcahy Levy
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Alvaro Lassaletta
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Department, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Madrid 28009, Spain
| | - Palma Solano-Paez
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hospital Infantil Virgen del Rocio, Seville 41013, Spain
| | - Eloy Rivas
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology Division, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio, Seville 41013, Spain
| | - Alyssa Reddy
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - G Yancey Gillespie
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham AL 35294, USA
| | - Nalin Gupta
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0112, USA
| | - Timothy E Van Meter
- Department of Pediatrics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0631, USA
| | - Hideo Nakamura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kurume University, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Tai-Tong Wong
- Pediatric Brain Tumor Program, Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Young-Shin Ra
- Department of Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 138-736, Korea
| | - Seung-Ki Kim
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Luca Massimi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Richard G Grundy
- Children's Brain Tumor Research Centre, Queen's Medical Centre University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG72UH, UK
| | - Jason Fangusaro
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology at Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Donna Johnston
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON K1H8L1, Canada
| | - Jennifer Chan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N1N4, Canada
| | - Lucie Lafay-Cousin
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, AB T3B6A8, Canada
| | - Eugene I Hwang
- Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Yin Wang
- Department of Neuropathology Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Daniel Catchpoole
- The Tumor Bank, Children's Cancer Research Unit, Kids Research, the Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Jean Michaud
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H8M5, Canada
| | - Benjamin Ellezam
- Department of Pathology, CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T1C5, Canada
| | - Ramya Ramanujachar
- Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Southampton Children's Hospital, Southampton SO166YD, UK
| | - Holly Lindsay
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Michael D Taylor
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S1A8, Canada; Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, Division of Neurosurgery, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G0A4, Canada
| | - Cynthia E Hawkins
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S1A8, Canada; Department of Pathology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G1X8, Canada
| | - Eric Bouffet
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G0A4, Canada
| | - Nada Jabado
- Departments of Pediatrics and Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A0C7, Canada
| | - Sheila K Singh
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S4K1, Canada
| | - Claudia L Kleinman
- Departments of Pediatrics and Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A0C7, Canada
| | | | - Xiao-Nan Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Peter B Dirks
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S1A8, Canada; Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, Division of Neurosurgery, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G0A4, Canada
| | - Charles Y Lin
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Stephen C Mack
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jeremy N Rich
- Department of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Annie Huang
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, Division of Haematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G0A4, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S1A8, Canada; Division of Hematology-Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G0A4, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G1L7, Canada.
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68
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Li Z, Zhang Y, Meng L, Yang S, Zhang P, Zhang J, Li C, Feng F, Zhang Q. LncRNA-ENST00000501520 promotes the proliferation of malignant-transformed BEAS-2B cells induced with coal tar pitch mediated by target genes. Environ Toxicol 2019; 34:869-877. [PMID: 31033183 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
As a human carcinogen, coal tar pitch (CTP) can significantly increase the risk of lung cancer. However, the mechanism underlying CTP-induced lung carcinogenesis has not been well understood. This study aims to explore the role of the LncRNA-ENST00000501520 in the proliferation of malignant-transformed human bronchial epithelial cells (BAES-2B) induced by CTP extract for the first time. BEAS-2B cells were stimulated with 2.4 μg/mL CTP extract, and then passaged for three times, which were named passage 1 and then passaged until passage 30 (named as CTP group). The ENST000001520 of cells in CTP group was interfered using siRNA. The results showed that ENST000001520 located in cell nucleus (>80%) had no or weak ability of protein encoding. After interference of ENST000001520, the migration and proliferation of cells in CTP group were inhibited, and the cell cycle was arrested in the G0/G1 phase; however, the apoptosis of cells in CTP group was promoted. The target genes (SKB1, CLTB, TAP2, PIPK2, and SOCS3) of ENST000001520 were screened out, and the mRNA and protein expression of SBK1 and SOCS3 was significantly decreased after ENST000001520 interference. SBK1 and SOCS3 may play a promoting role in occurrence and development of cancers. The study suggests that LncRNA-ENST00000501520 could promote the proliferation in malignant-transformed BEAS-2B cells induced with CTP extract which may be mediated by target genes. This study may provide a new target for prevention and treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongqiu Li
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yaping Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Liya Meng
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Sa Yang
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Bone and soft tissue cancer, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Henan Cancer Hospital), Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jiatong Zhang
- Department of Disease Control and Prevention, Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chunyang Li
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Feifei Feng
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qiao Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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69
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Kollmann S, Grundschober E, Maurer B, Warsch W, Grausenburger R, Edlinger L, Huuhtanen J, Lagger S, Hennighausen L, Valent P, Decker T, Strobl B, Mueller M, Mustjoki S, Hoelbl-Kovacic A, Sexl V. Twins with different personalities: STAT5B-but not STAT5A-has a key role in BCR/ABL-induced leukemia. Leukemia 2019; 33:1583-1597. [PMID: 30679796 PMCID: PMC6755975 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-018-0369-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Deregulation of the Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway is found in cancer with STAT5A/B controlling leukemic cell survival and disease progression. As mutations in STAT5B, but not STAT5A, have been frequently described in hematopoietic tumors, we used BCR/ABL as model systems to investigate the contribution of STAT5A or STAT5B for leukemogenesis. The absence of STAT5A decreased cell survival and colony formation. Even more drastic effects were observed in the absence of STAT5B. STAT5B-deficient cells formed BCR/ABL+ colonies or stable cell lines at low frequency. The rarely evolving Stat5b-/- cell lines expressed enhanced levels of BCR/ABL oncoprotein compared to wild-type cells. In line, Stat5b-/- leukemic cells induced leukemia with a significantly prolonged disease onset, whereas Stat5a-/- cells rapidly caused a fatal disease superimposable to wild-type cells. RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) profiling revealed a marked enhancement of interferon (IFN)-α and IFN-γ signatures in Stat5b-/- cells. Inhibition of IFN responses rescued BCR/ABL+ colony formation of Stat5b-/--deficient cells. A downregulated IFN response was also observed in patients suffering from leukemia carrying STAT5B mutations. Our data define STAT5B as major STAT5 isoform driving BCR/ABL+ leukemia. STAT5B enables transformation by suppressing IFN-α/γ, thereby facilitating leukemogenesis. Our findings might help explain the high frequency of STAT5B mutations in hematopoietic tumors.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Cell Proliferation
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/pathology
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/metabolism
- Humans
- Interferons/pharmacology
- Leukemia, Large Granular Lymphocytic/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Large Granular Lymphocytic/metabolism
- Leukemia, Large Granular Lymphocytic/pathology
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, SCID
- Mutation
- STAT5 Transcription Factor/genetics
- STAT5 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- Survival Rate
- Tumor Suppressor Proteins/genetics
- Tumor Suppressor Proteins/metabolism
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Kollmann
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Grundschober
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Maurer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Warsch
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Reinhard Grausenburger
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Leo Edlinger
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jani Huuhtanen
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, P.O.Box 700, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sabine Lagger
- Unit of Laboratory Animal Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lothar Hennighausen
- Laboratory of Genetics and Physiology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Peter Valent
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Decker
- Max F. Perutz Laboratories (MFPL), University of Vienna, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Birgit Strobl
- Department for Biomedical Sciences Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mathias Mueller
- Department for Biomedical Sciences Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Satu Mustjoki
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, P.O.Box 700, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Andrea Hoelbl-Kovacic
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Veronika Sexl
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210, Vienna, Austria.
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70
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Kim S, Yang X, Yin A, Zha J, Beharry Z, Bai A, Bielawska A, Bartlett MG, Yin H, Cai H. Dietary palmitate cooperates with Src kinase to promote prostate tumor progression. Prostate 2019; 79:896-908. [PMID: 30900312 PMCID: PMC6502658 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Numerous genetic alterations have been identified during prostate cancer progression. The influence of environmental factors, particularly the diet, on the acceleration of tumor progression is largely unknown. Expression levels and/or activity of Src kinase are highly elevated in numerous cancers including advanced stages of prostate cancer. In this study, we demonstrate that high-fat diets (HFDs) promoted pathological transformation mediated by the synergy of Src and androgen receptor in vivo. Additionally, a diet high in saturated fat significantly enhanced proliferation of Src-mediated xenograft tumors in comparison with a diet high in unsaturated fat. The saturated fatty acid palmitate, a major constituent in a HFD, significantly upregulated the biosynthesis of palmitoyl-CoA in cancer cells in vitro and in xenograft tumors in vivo. The exogenous palmitate enhanced Src-dependent mitochondrial β-oxidation. Additionally, it elevated the amount of C16-ceramide and total saturated ceramides, increased the level of Src kinase localized in the cell membrane, and Src-mediated downstream signaling, such as the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase and focal adhesion kinase. Our results uncover how the metabolism of dietary palmitate cooperates with elevated Src kinase in the acceleration of prostate tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungjin Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Xiangkun Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Amelia Yin
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Junyi Zha
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Zanna Beharry
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida 33965
| | - Aiping Bai
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425
| | - Alicja Bielawska
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425
| | - Michael G. Bartlett
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Hang Yin
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Houjian Cai
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
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71
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Marconi GD, Gallorini M, Carradori S, Guglielmi P, Cataldi A, Zara S. The Up-Regulation of Oxidative Stress as a Potential Mechanism of Novel MAO-B Inhibitors for Glioblastoma Treatment. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24102005. [PMID: 31130597 PMCID: PMC6572653 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24102005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are malignant brain tumors characterized by rapid spread and growth into neighboring tissues and graded I–IV by the World Health Organization. Glioblastoma is the fastest growing and most devastating IV glioma. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the biological effects of two potent and selective Monoamine Oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibitors, Cmp3 and Cmp5, in C6 glioma cells and in CTX/TNA2 astrocytes in terms of cell proliferation, apoptosis occurrence, inflammatory events and cell migration. These compounds decrease C6 glioma cells viability sparing normal astrocytes. Cell cycle analysis, the Mitochondrial Membrane Potential (MMP) and Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) production were detected, revealing that Cmp3 and Cmp5 induce a G1 or G2/M cell cycle arrest, as well as a MMP depolarization and an overproduction of ROS; moreover, they inhibit the expression level of inducible nitric oxide synthase 2, thus contributing to fatal drug-induced oxidative stress. Cmp5 notably reduces glioma cell migration via down-regulating Matrix Metalloproteinases 2 and 9. This study demonstrated that our novel MAO-B inhibitors increase the oxidative stress level resulting in a cell cycle arrest and markedly reduces glioma cells migration thus reinforcing the hypothesis of a critical role-played by MAO-B in mediating oncogenesis in high-grade gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guya Diletta Marconi
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Marialucia Gallorini
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Simone Carradori
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Paolo Guglielmi
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Amelia Cataldi
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Susi Zara
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
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72
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Cleveland KH, Liang S, Chang A, Huang KM, Chen S, Guo L, Huang Y, Andresen BT. Carvedilol inhibits EGF-mediated JB6 P+ colony formation through a mechanism independent of adrenoceptors. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217038. [PMID: 31107911 PMCID: PMC6527222 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Carvedilol is reported to prevent cancers in humans and animal models. However, a molecular mechanism has yet to be established, and the extent to which other β-blockers are chemopreventive remains relatively unknown. A comparative pharmacological approach was utilized with the expectation that a mechanism of action could be devised. JB6 Cl 41-5a (JB6 P+) murine epidermal cells were used to elucidate the chemopreventative properties of β-blockers, as JB6 P+ cells recapitulate in vivo tumor promotion and chemoprevention. The initial hypothesis was that β-blockers that are GRK/β-arrestin biased agonists, like carvedilol, are chemopreventive. Sixteen β-blockers of different classes, isoproterenol, and HEAT HCl were individually co-administered with epidermal growth factor (EGF) to JB6 P+ cells to examine the chemopreventative properties of each ligand. Cytotoxicity was examined to ensure that the anti-transformation effects of each ligand were not due to cellular growth inhibition. Many of the examined β-blockers suppressed EGF-induced JB6 P+ cell transformation in a non-cytotoxic and concentration-dependent manner. However, the IC50 values are high for the most potent inhibitors (243, 326, and 431 nM for carvedilol, labetalol, and alprenolol, respectively) and there is no correlation between pharmacological properties and inhibition of transformation. Therefore, the role of α1- and β2-adrenergic receptors (AR) was examined by standard competition assays and shRNA targeting β2-ARs, the only β-AR expressed in JB6 P+ cells. The results reveal that pharmacological inhibition of α1- and β2-ARs and genetic knockdown of β2-ARs did not abrogate carvedilol-mediated inhibition of EGF-induced JB6 P+ cell transformation. Furthermore, topical administration of carvedilol protected mice from UV-induced skin damage, while genetic ablation of β2-ARs increased carvedilol-mediated effects. Therefore, the prevailing hypothesis that the chemopreventive property of carvedilol is mediated through β-ARs is not supported by this data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristan H. Cleveland
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, United States of America
| | - Sherry Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, United States of America
| | - Andy Chang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, United States of America
| | - Kevin M. Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, United States of America
| | - Si Chen
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Lei Guo
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (YH); (BTA)
| | - Bradley T. Andresen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (YH); (BTA)
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Xiang Y, Zhang L, Huang Y, Ling J, Zhuo W. Microarray-based data mining reveals key genes and potential therapeutic drugs for Cadmium-induced prostate cell malignant transformation. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2019; 68:141-147. [PMID: 30897525 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2019.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence showed that Cadmium (Cd) can accumulate in the body and damage cells, resulting in cancerigenesis of the prostate with complex mechanisms. In the present study, we aimed to explore the possible key genes, pathways and therapeutic drugs using bioinformatics methods. Microarray-based data were retrieved and analyzed to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between Cd-treated prostate cells and controls. Then, functions of the DEGs were annotated and hub genes were screened. Next, key genes were selected from the hub genes via validation in a prostate cancer cohort from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Afterward, potential drugs were further predicted. Consequently, a gene expression profile, GSE9951, was retrieved. Then, 361 up-regulated and 30 down-regulated DEGs were screened out, which were enriched in various pathways. Among the DEGs, seven hub genes (HSPA5, HSP90AB1, RHOA, HSPD1, MAD2L1, SKP2, and CCT2) were dysregulated in prostate cancer compared to normal controls, and two of them (HSPD1 and CCT2) might influence the prostate cancer prognosis. Lastly, ionomycin was predicted to be a potential agent reversing Cd-induced prostate cell malignant transformation. In summary, the present study provided novel evidence regarding the mechanisms of Cd-induced prostate cell malignant transformation, and identified ionomycin as a potential small molecule against Cd toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xiang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of Invasive Technology, Cancer Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Junjun Ling
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Wenlei Zhuo
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.
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Duan S, Wang N, Huang L, Shao H, Zhang P, Wang W, Wu Y, Wang J, Liu H, Zhang Q, Feng F. NLRP3 inflammasome activation involved in LPS and coal tar pitch extract-induced malignant transformation of human bronchial epithelial cells. Environ Toxicol 2019; 34:585-593. [PMID: 30698909 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory microenvironment has been found as a new characteristic of cancer; however, the mechanisms of inflammation-related lung cancer remain unclear. To explore the role of NLRP3 inflammsome activation in inflammation-related lung carcinogenesis, a cell model was set up. Human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) were stimulated with 1 μg/mL lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 24 hours, and then treated with 2.4 μg/mL coal tar pitch extract (CTPE) for 24 hours, after removal of LPS and CTPE, the cells were numbered passage 1 and were passaged and treated in this way until passage 30, which was called LPS + CTPE group. DMSO and Saline were used as vehicle controls. Malignant transformation of cells in passage 30 was evaluated by morphological change, platelet clone formation assay, and tumor formation in nude mice. The mRNA levels of NLRP3 and IL-1β were detected by real time-PCR. The combination of NLRP3 and caspase-1 were determined using immunofluorescence and confocal. The protein expression of NLRP3, cleaved caspase-1(p10), and cleaved IL-1β was detected using Western blot. It was shown that CTPE, LPS + CTPE-stimulated BEAS-2B cells of passage 30 changed a lot morphologically. The clone formation rates, the rates of positive cells of NLRP3 and caspase-1 combination, the mRNA levels of NLRP3 and IL-1β, the protein expression of NLRP3, cleaved caspase-1(p10) and cleaved IL-1β of cells exposed with CTPE and LPS + CTPE at passage 30 were significantly increased compared to vehicle controls. Furthermore, the ability of tumor formation in nude mice, the rates of clone formation and positive cells, mRNA and protein levels of NLRP3 inflammasome activation-related factors in LPS + CTPE-induced cells were all higher than those in cells stimulated with CTPE alone. In conclusion, the cell model of inflammation-related lung cancer is set up successfully, and NLRP3 inflammasome activation may be involved in the malignant transformation of BEAS-2B cells which induced by CTPE alone or LPS combined with CTPE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyin Duan
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Na Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Li Huang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hua Shao
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Bone and Soft tissue sarcoma, The Affiliated Cancer hospital of Zhengzhou University (Henan Cancer Hospital), Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yongjun Wu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Pulmonary, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Pulmonary, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qiao Zhang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Feifei Feng
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Bi YH, Han WQ, Li RF, Wang YJ, Du ZS, Wang XJ, Jiang Y. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 promotes the Warburg effect possibly by inducing pyruvate kinase M2 phosphorylation in liver precancerous lesions. World J Gastroenterol 2019; 25:1936-1949. [PMID: 31086462 PMCID: PMC6487376 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i16.1936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Study shows that signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) can increase the Warburg effect by stimulating hexokinase 2 in breast cancer and upregulate lactate dehydrogenase A and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 in myeloma. STAT3 and pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) can also be activated and enhance the Warburg effect in hepatocellular carcinoma. Precancerous lesions are critical to human and rodent hepatocarcinogenesis. However, the underlying molecular mechanism for the development of liver precancerous lesions remains unknown. We hypothesized that STAT3 promotes the Warburg effect possibly by upregulating p-PKM2 in liver precancerous lesions in rats.
AIM To investigate the mechanism of the Warburg effect in liver precancerous lesions in rats.
METHODS A model of liver precancerous lesions was established by a modified Solt-Farber method. The liver pathological changes were observed by HE staining and immunohistochemistry. The transformation of WB-F344 cells induced with N-methyl-N’-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine and hydrogen peroxide was evaluated by the soft agar assay and aneuploidy. The levels of glucose and lactate in the tissue and culture medium were detected with a spectrophotometer. The protein levels of glutathione S-transferase-π, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), STAT3, and PKM2 were examined by Western blot and immunofluorescence.
RESULTS We found that the Warburg effect was increased in liver precancerous lesions in rats. PKM2 and p-STAT3 were upregulated in activated oval cells in liver precancerous lesions in rats. The Warburg effect, p-PKM2, and p-STAT3 expression were also increased in transformed WB-F344 cells. STAT3 activation promoted the clonal formation rate, aneuploidy, alpha-fetoprotein expression, PCNA expression, G1/S phase transition, the Warburg effect, PKM2 phosphorylation, and nuclear translocation in transformed WB-F344 cells. Moreover, the Warburg effect was inhibited by stattic, a specific inhibitor of STAT3, and further reduced in transformed WB-F344 cells after the intervention for PKM2.
CONCLUSION The Warburg effect is initiated in liver precancerous lesions in rats. STAT3 activation promotes the Warburg effect by enhancing the phosphorylation of PKM2 in transformed WB-F344 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Hui Bi
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Wen-Qi Han
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Ruo-Fei Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yun-Jiao Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Zun-Shu Du
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xue-Jiang Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
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Merrick BA, Phadke DP, Bostrom MA, Shah RR, Wright GM, Wang X, Gordon O, Pelch KE, Auerbach SS, Paules RS, DeVito MJ, Waalkes MP, Tokar EJ. Arsenite malignantly transforms human prostate epithelial cells in vitro by gene amplification of mutated KRAS. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215504. [PMID: 31009485 PMCID: PMC6476498 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Inorganic arsenic is an environmental human carcinogen of several organs including the urinary tract. RWPE-1 cells are immortalized, non-tumorigenic, human prostate epithelia that become malignantly transformed into the CAsE-PE line after continuous in vitro exposure to 5μM arsenite over a period of months. For insight into in vitro arsenite transformation, we performed RNA-seq for differential gene expression and targeted sequencing of KRAS. We report >7,000 differentially expressed transcripts in CAsE-PE cells compared to RWPE-1 cells at >2-fold change, q<0.05 by RNA-seq. Notably, KRAS expression was highly elevated in CAsE-PE cells, with pathway analysis supporting increased cell proliferation, cell motility, survival and cancer pathways. Targeted DNA sequencing of KRAS revealed a mutant specific allelic imbalance, ‘MASI’, frequently found in primary clinical tumors. We found high expression of a mutated KRAS transcript carrying oncogenic mutations at codons 12 and 59 and many silent mutations, accompanied by lower expression of a wild-type allele. Parallel cultures of RWPE-1 cells retained a wild-type KRAS genotype. Copy number analysis and sequencing showed amplification of the mutant KRAS allele. KRAS is expressed as two splice variants, KRAS4a and KRAS4b, where variant 4b is more prevalent in normal cells compared to greater levels of variant 4a seen in tumor cells. 454 Roche sequencing measured KRAS variants in each cell type. We found KRAS4a as the predominant transcript variant in CAsE-PE cells compared to KRAS4b, the variant expressed primarily in RWPE-1 cells and in normal prostate, early passage, primary epithelial cells. Overall, gene expression data were consistent with KRAS-driven proliferation pathways found in spontaneous tumors and malignantly transformed cell lines. Arsenite is recognized as an important environmental carcinogen, but it is not a direct mutagen. Further investigations into this in vitro transformation model will focus on genomic events that cause arsenite-mediated mutation and overexpression of KRAS in CAsE-PE cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Alex Merrick
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Dhiral P. Phadke
- Sciome, LLC, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Meredith A. Bostrom
- David H. Murdock Research Institute, Kannapolis, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Ruchir R. Shah
- Sciome, LLC, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Garron M. Wright
- David H. Murdock Research Institute, Kannapolis, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Xinguo Wang
- David H. Murdock Research Institute, Kannapolis, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Oksana Gordon
- David H. Murdock Research Institute, Kannapolis, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Katherine E. Pelch
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Scott S. Auerbach
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Richard S. Paules
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Michael J. DeVito
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Michael P. Waalkes
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Erik J. Tokar
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
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Jeon YJ, Kim S, Kim JH, Youn UJ, Suh SS. The Comprehensive Roles of ATRANORIN, A Secondary Metabolite from the Antarctic Lichen Stereocaulon caespitosum, in HCC Tumorigenesis. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24071414. [PMID: 30974882 PMCID: PMC6480312 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24071414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most deadly genetic diseases, but surprisingly chemotherapeutic approaches against HCC are only limited to a few targets. In particular, considering the difficulty of a chemotherapeutic drug development in terms of cost and time enforces searching for surrogates to minimize effort and maximize efficiency in anti-cancer therapy. In spite of the report that approximately one thousand lichen-derived metabolites have been isolated, the knowledge about their functions and consequences in cancer development is relatively limited. Moreover, one of the major second metabolites from lichens, Atranorin has never been studied in HCC. Regarding this, we comprehensively analyze the effect of Atranorin by employing representative HCC cell lines and experimental approaches. Cell proliferation and cell cycle analysis using the compound consistently show the inhibitory effects of Atranorin. Moreover, cell death determination using Annexin-V and (Propidium Iodide) PI staining suggests that it induces cell death through necrosis. Lastly, the metastatic potential of HCC cell lines is significantly inhibited by the drug. Taken these together, we claim a novel functional finding that Atranorin comprehensively suppresses HCC tumorigenesis and metastatic potential, which could provide an important basis for anti-cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Jun Jeon
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Sanghee Kim
- Division of Polar Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Korea.
- Department of Polar Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Incheon 21990, Korea.
| | - Ji Hee Kim
- Division of Polar Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Korea.
- Department of Polar Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Incheon 21990, Korea.
| | - Ui Joung Youn
- Division of Polar Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Korea.
- Department of Polar Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Incheon 21990, Korea.
| | - Sung-Suk Suh
- Department of Bioscience, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Korea.
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Greene CJ, Sharma NJ, Fiorica PN, Forrester E, Smith GJ, Gross KW, Kauffman EC. Suppressive effects of iron chelation in clear cell renal cell carcinoma and their dependency on VHL inactivation. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 133:295-309. [PMID: 30553971 PMCID: PMC10038186 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Increasing data implicate iron accumulation in tumorigenesis of the kidney, particularly the clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) subtype. The von Hippel Lindau (VHL)/hypoxia inducible factor-α (HIF-α) axis is uniquely dysregulated in ccRCC and is a major regulator and regulatory target of iron metabolism, yet the role of iron in ccRCC tumorigenesis and its potential interplay with VHL inactivation remains unclear. We investigated whether ccRCC iron accumulation occurs due to increased cell dependency on iron for growth and survival as a result of VHL inactivation. Free iron levels were compared between four VHL-mutant ccRCC cell lines (786-0, A704, 769-P, RCC4) and two benign renal tubule epithelial cell lines (RPTEC, HRCEp) using the Phen Green SK fluorescent iron stain. Intracellular iron deprivation was achieved using two clinical iron chelator drugs, deferasirox (DFX) and deferoxamine (DFO), and chelator effects were measured on cell line growth, cell cycle phase, apoptosis, HIF-1α and HIF-2α protein levels and HIF-α transcriptional activity based on expression of target genes CA9, OCT4/POU5F1 and PDGFβ/PDGFB. Similar assays were performed in VHL-mutant ccRCC cells with and without ectopic wild-type VHL expression. Baseline free iron levels were significantly higher in ccRCC cell lines than benign renal cell lines. DFX depleted cellular free iron more rapidly than DFO and led to greater growth suppression of ccRCC cell lines (>90% at ~30-150 µM) than benign renal cell lines (~10-50% at up to 250 µM). Similar growth responses were observed using DFO, with the exception that a prolonged treatment duration was necessary to deplete cellular iron adequately for differential growth suppression of the less susceptible A704 ccRCC cell line relative to benign renal cell lines. Apoptosis and G1-phase cell cycle arrest were identified as potential mechanisms of chelator growth suppression based on their induction in ccRCC cell lines but not benign renal cell lines. Iron chelation in ccRCC cells but not benign renal cells suppressed HIF-1α and HIF-2α protein levels and transcriptional activity, and the degree and timing of HIF-2α suppression correlated with the onset of apoptosis. Restoration of wild-type VHL function in ccRCC cells was sufficient to prevent chelator-induced apoptosis and G1 cell cycle arrest, indicating that ccRCC susceptibility to iron deprivation is VHL inactivation-dependent. In conclusion, ccRCC cells are characterized by high free iron levels and a cancer-specific dependency on iron for HIF-α overexpression, cell cycle progression and apoptotic escape. This iron dependency is introduced by VHL inactivation, revealing a novel interplay between VHL/HIF-α dysregulation and ccRCC iron metabolism. Future study is warranted to determine if iron deprivation using chelator drugs provides an effective therapeutic strategy for targeting HIF-2α and suppressing tumor progression in ccRCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Greene
- Department of Urology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, United States
| | - Nitika J Sharma
- Department of Urology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, United States
| | - Peter N Fiorica
- Department of Urology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, United States
| | - Emily Forrester
- Department of Urology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, United States
| | - Gary J Smith
- Department of Urology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, United States
| | - Kenneth W Gross
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, United States
| | - Eric C Kauffman
- Department of Urology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, United States; Department of Cancer Genetics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, United States; Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, United States.
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Iams WT, Beckermann KE, Almodovar K, Hernandez J, Vnencak-Jones C, Lim LP, Raymond CK, Horn L, Lovly CM. Small Cell Lung Cancer Transformation as a Mechanism of Resistance to PD-1 Therapy in KRAS-Mutant Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Report of Two Cases. J Thorac Oncol 2019; 14:e45-e48. [PMID: 30543839 PMCID: PMC6382512 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wade T. Iams
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Kathryn E. Beckermann
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Karinna Almodovar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | | | - Cindy Vnencak-Jones
- Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Lee P. Lim
- Resolution Bioscience, Bellevue, Washington
| | | | - Leora Horn
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Christine M. Lovly
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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Gronke K, Hernández PP, Zimmermann J, Klose CSN, Kofoed-Branzk M, Guendel F, Witkowski M, Tizian C, Amann L, Schumacher F, Glatt H, Triantafyllopoulou A, Diefenbach A. Interleukin-22 protects intestinal stem cells against genotoxic stress. Nature 2019; 566:249-253. [PMID: 30700914 PMCID: PMC6420091 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-0899-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Environmental genotoxic factors pose a challenge to the genomic integrity of epithelial cells at barrier surfaces that separate host organisms from the environment. They can induce mutations that, if they occur in epithelial stem cells, contribute to malignant transformation and cancer development1-3. Genome integrity in epithelial stem cells is maintained by an evolutionarily conserved cellular response pathway, the DNA damage response (DDR). The DDR culminates in either transient cell-cycle arrest and DNA repair or elimination of damaged cells by apoptosis4,5. Here we show that the cytokine interleukin-22 (IL-22), produced by group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) and γδ T cells, is an important regulator of the DDR machinery in intestinal epithelial stem cells. Using a new mouse model that enables sporadic inactivation of the IL-22 receptor in colon epithelial stem cells, we demonstrate that IL-22 is required for effective initiation of the DDR following DNA damage. Stem cells deprived of IL-22 signals and exposed to carcinogens escaped DDR-controlled apoptosis, contained more mutations and were more likely to give rise to colon cancer. We identified metabolites of glucosinolates, a group of phytochemicals contained in cruciferous vegetables, to be a widespread source of genotoxic stress in intestinal epithelial cells. These metabolites are ligands of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)6, and AhR-mediated signalling in ILC3 and γδ T cells controlled their production of IL-22. Mice fed with diets depleted of glucosinolates produced only very low levels of IL-22 and, consequently, the DDR in epithelial cells of mice on a glucosinolate-free diet was impaired. This work identifies a homeostatic network protecting stem cells against challenge to their genome integrity by AhR-mediated 'sensing' of genotoxic compounds from the diet. AhR signalling, in turn, ensures on-demand production of IL-22 by innate lymphocytes directly regulating components of the DDR in epithelial stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Gronke
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
- Mucosal and Developmental Immunology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Medical Centre, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Pedro P Hernández
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
- Macrophages and Development of Immunity, Institute Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Jakob Zimmermann
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christoph S N Klose
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael Kofoed-Branzk
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
- Mucosal and Developmental Immunology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Medical Centre, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Guendel
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
- Mucosal and Developmental Immunology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Medical Centre, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mario Witkowski
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
- Mucosal and Developmental Immunology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Medical Centre, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Caroline Tizian
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
- Mucosal and Developmental Immunology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Medical Centre, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Lukas Amann
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Schumacher
- Department of Nutritional Toxicology, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Hansruedi Glatt
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Potsdam, Germany
- Department Food Safety, Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Antigoni Triantafyllopoulou
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Innate Immunity in Rheumatic Diseases, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Diefenbach
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany.
- Mucosal and Developmental Immunology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, Berlin, Germany.
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Medical Centre, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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Xie C, Zhu J, Wang X, Chen J, Geng S, Wu J, Zhong C, Li X. Tobacco smoke induced hepatic cancer stem cell-like properties through IL-33/p38 pathway. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2019; 38:39. [PMID: 30691509 PMCID: PMC6350284 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1052-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco smoke (TS) critically contributes to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) induced by TS is an early event in the initiation of carcinogenesis. Tumor specific microenvironment including inflammatory factors is key mediator for maintaining the stemness of CSCs through various pathways such as p38 MAPK. However, the mechanisms of inflammatory factors in TS-induced acquisition of liver CSCs properties remain undefined. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of IL-33/p38 axis in long term TS-induced acquisition of hepatic CSCs properties in mouse liver tissues and human liver cells. METHODS BALB/c mice were exposed to TS for 12 weeks, along with or without 1 mg/kg SB203580 (p38 inhibitors) treatment. Histopathological analysis, alterations in the levels of IL-33, liver CSCs markers, EMT-like changes and p38 MAPK activation in liver tissues of mice were analyzed by immunohistochemical staining, immunofluorescence assay and Western blot analysis. Moreover, LO2 immortalized human liver cells were exposed to cigarette smoke extract (CSE) and the tumorsphere formation ability was determined. LO2 cells were further treated with IL-33 or CSE and the expression of phosphorylated p38, liver CSCs markers and EMT-related proteins was examined. RESULTS Long term TS exposure increased the levels of CSCs markers, induced epithelial-to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and inflammatory factor IL-33 expression. Moreover, we showed that p38 MAPK modulated TS-stimulated hepatic CSC-like properties, as evidenced by the findings that long term TS exposure activated p38, and that TS-induced stemness was abolished by p38 inhibition. In addition, data from in vitro model showed that similar to cigarette smoke extract (CSE), IL-33 treatment promoted the activation of p38, increased the levels of liver CSCs markers expression and EMT-like changes. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these data suggested that IL-33/p38 axis plays an important role in long term TS exposure-induced acquisition of hepatic CSC-like properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunfeng Xie
- Department of Toxicology and Nutritional Science, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Ave, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211166 Jiangsu China
| | - Jianyun Zhu
- Suzhou Digestive Diseases and Nutrition Research Center, North District of Suzhou Municipal Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 242 Guangji Road, Suzhou, 215008 Jiangsu China
| | - Xueqi Wang
- Department of Toxicology and Nutritional Science, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Ave, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211166 Jiangsu China
| | - Jiaqi Chen
- Department of Toxicology and Nutritional Science, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Ave, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211166 Jiangsu China
| | - Shanshan Geng
- Department of Toxicology and Nutritional Science, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Ave, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211166 Jiangsu China
| | - Jieshu Wu
- Department of Toxicology and Nutritional Science, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Ave, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211166 Jiangsu China
| | - Caiyun Zhong
- Department of Toxicology and Nutritional Science, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Ave, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211166 Jiangsu China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166 China
| | - Xiaoting Li
- Department of Toxicology and Nutritional Science, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Ave, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211166 Jiangsu China
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82
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Knight T, Luedtke D, Edwards H, Taub JW, Ge Y. A delicate balance - The BCL-2 family and its role in apoptosis, oncogenesis, and cancer therapeutics. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 162:250-261. [PMID: 30668936 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Evasion of apoptosis is fundamental to the pathogenesis of cancer. Members of the B-cell Lymphoma 2 (BCL-2) protein family are key pro- and anti-apoptotic regulators, and in healthy cells are held in a fine, delicate balance - perturbations of which may tip a cell irreversibly towards cellular death or, conversely, allow a cell to permanently escape apoptosis and immortalize itself as a malignant clone. The restoration of this balance or, indeed, adjustment in favor of apoptosis via manipulation of the BCL-2 family, is a promising area in the realm of molecular therapeutics, and one in which breathtaking advances are currently being made. The purpose of this review is to outline the role of the BCL-2 family in apoptosis, to contrast its optimal functioning with those disruptions seen in malignancy, and to provide an overview of the medications both presently available and currently under development which selectively target members of this family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tristan Knight
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Daniel Luedtke
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Holly Edwards
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Molecular Therapeutics Program, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Jeffrey W Taub
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Molecular Therapeutics Program, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Yubin Ge
- Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Molecular Therapeutics Program, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
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83
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Abstract
We experienced two cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurring immediately after treatment with direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs). Case 1 was a 75-year-old woman in whom HCC was detected immediately after completion of DAA treatment. Case 2 was a 75-year-old woman who had a hypovascular nodule in liver. The hypovascular nodule became hypervascular without enlargement of the nodule size immediately after DAA treatment completion. Although the association between DAA treatment and hepatocarcinogenesis is unknown, sufficient surveillance after achieving a sustained viral response is required, as a large number of patients at a high risk of hepatocarcinogenesis are treated with DAAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norihiro Nishijima
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Japan
| | - Akihiro Nasu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Japan
| | - Toru Kimura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Japan
| | - Yukio Osaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Japan
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84
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Abstract
Multifaceted relations link ribosome biogenesis to cancer. Ribosome biogenesis takes place in the nucleolus. Clarifying the mechanisms involved in this nucleolar function and its relationship with cell proliferation: (1) allowed the understanding of the reasons for the nucleolar changes in cancer cells and their exploitation in tumor pathology, (2) defined the importance of the inhibition of ribosome biogenesis in cancer chemotherapy and (3) focused the attention on alterations of ribosome biogenesis in the pathogenesis of cancer. This review summarizes the research milestones regarding these relevant relationships between ribosome biogenesis and cancer. The structure and function of the nucleolus will also be briefly described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Penzo
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy.
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Lorenzo Montanaro
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy.
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Davide Treré
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy.
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85
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Fararjeh AFS, Tu SH, Chen LC, Cheng TC, Liu YR, Chang HL, Chang HW, Huang CC, Wang HCR, Hwang-Verslues WW, Wu CH, Ho YS. Long-term exposure to extremely low-dose of nicotine and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) induce non-malignant breast epithelial cell transformation through activation of the a9-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor-mediated signaling pathway. Environ Toxicol 2019; 34:73-82. [PMID: 30259641 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer affecting women worldwide and has been associated with active tobacco smoking. Low levels of nicotine (Nic) and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), have been detected in cases of second-hand smoke (SHS). However, the correlation between SHS and BC risk remains controversial. In this study, we investigated whether the physiological SHS achievable dose of Nic and tobacco specific nitrosamine, NNK act together to induce breast carcinogenesis using an in vitro breast cell carcinogenesis model. Immortalized non-tumorigenic breast epithelial cell line, HBL-100 used for a time-course assay, was exposed to very low levels of either Nic or NNK, or both. The time-course assay consisted of 23 cycles of nitrosamines treatment. In each cycle, HBL-100 cells were exposed to 1pM of Nic and/or 100 femtM of NNK for 48 hours. Cells were passaged every 3 days and harvested after 10, 15, and 23 cycles. Our results demonstrated that the tumorigenicity of HBL-100, defined by soft agar colony forming, proliferation, migration and invasion abilities, was enhanced by co-exposure to physiologically SHS achievable doses of Nic and NNK. In addition, α9-nAChR signaling activation, which plays an important role in cellular proliferation and cell survival, was also observed. Importantly, an increase in stemness properties including the prevalence of CD44+/CD24- cells, increase Nanog expression and mammosphere-forming ability were also observed. Our results indicate that chronic and long term exposure to environmental tobacco smoke, may induce breast cell carcinogenesis even at extremely low doses.
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MESH Headings
- Acetylcholine/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/chemically induced
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Carcinogens/toxicity
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/genetics
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Epithelial Cells/drug effects
- Epithelial Cells/physiology
- Female
- Humans
- Mammary Glands, Human/drug effects
- Mammary Glands, Human/pathology
- Mammary Glands, Human/physiology
- Nicotine/toxicity
- Nitrosamines/toxicity
- Receptors, Nicotinic/genetics
- Receptors, Nicotinic/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- Time Factors
- Toxicity Tests, Chronic
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul-Fattah Salah Fararjeh
- PhD Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsin Tu
- Breast Medical Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ching Chen
- Breast Medical Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chun Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ru Liu
- TMU Research Center of cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Joint Biobank, Office of Human Research, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hang-Lung Chang
- Department of General Surgery, En Chun Kong Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Wen Chang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Cheng Huang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Fu-Jen Catholic University Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hwa-Chain Robert Wang
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | | | - Chih-Hsiung Wu
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of General Surgery, En Chun Kong Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Soon Ho
- TMU Research Center of cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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86
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Nakanishi Y, Duran A, L'Hermitte A, Shelton PM, Nakanishi N, Reina-Campos M, Huang J, Soldevila F, Baaten BJG, Tauriello DVF, Castilla EA, Bhangoo MS, Bao F, Sigal D, Diaz-Meco MT, Moscat J. Simultaneous Loss of Both Atypical Protein Kinase C Genes in the Intestinal Epithelium Drives Serrated Intestinal Cancer by Impairing Immunosurveillance. Immunity 2018; 49:1132-1147.e7. [PMID: 30552022 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2018.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Serrated adenocarcinoma, an alternative pathway for colorectal cancer (CRC) development, accounts for 15%-30% of all CRCs and is aggressive and treatment resistant. We show that the expression of atypical protein kinase C ζ (PKCζ) and PKCλ/ι was reduced in human serrated tumors. Simultaneous inactivation of the encoding genes in the mouse intestinal epithelium resulted in spontaneous serrated tumorigenesis that progressed to advanced cancer with a strongly reactive and immunosuppressive stroma. Whereas epithelial PKCλ/ι deficiency led to immunogenic cell death and the infiltration of CD8+ T cells, which repressed tumor initiation, PKCζ loss impaired interferon and CD8+ T cell responses, which resulted in tumorigenesis. Combined treatment with a TGF-β receptor inhibitor plus anti-PD-L1 checkpoint blockade showed synergistic curative activity. Analysis of human samples supported the relevance of these kinases in the immunosurveillance defects of human serrated CRC. These findings provide insight into avenues for the detection and treatment of this poor-prognosis subtype of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Nakanishi
- Cancer Metabolism and Signaling Networks Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Angeles Duran
- Cancer Metabolism and Signaling Networks Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Antoine L'Hermitte
- Cancer Metabolism and Signaling Networks Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Phillip M Shelton
- Cancer Metabolism and Signaling Networks Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Naoko Nakanishi
- Cancer Metabolism and Signaling Networks Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Miguel Reina-Campos
- Cancer Metabolism and Signaling Networks Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Sanford Burnham Prebys Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jianfeng Huang
- Cancer Metabolism and Signaling Networks Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Ferran Soldevila
- Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Bas J G Baaten
- Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Daniele V F Tauriello
- Oncology Program, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elias A Castilla
- Cancer Metabolism and Signaling Networks Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Munveer S Bhangoo
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Fei Bao
- Department of Pathology, Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Darren Sigal
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Maria T Diaz-Meco
- Cancer Metabolism and Signaling Networks Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jorge Moscat
- Cancer Metabolism and Signaling Networks Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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87
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Xu J, Shen W, Pei B, Wang X, Sun D, Li Y, Xiu L, Liu X, Lu Y, Zhang X, Yue X. Xiao Tan He Wei Decoction reverses MNNG-induced precancerous lesions of gastric carcinoma in vivo and vitro: Regulation of apoptosis through NF-κB pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 108:95-102. [PMID: 30218863 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, Chinese medicine has played an important role in the prognosis of gastric cancer. Precancerous lesions of gastric carcinoma (PLGC) is a class of gastric cancer which is closely related to the gastric mucosal pathology changes in the role of carcinogenic incentives, and plays key role in the progression of normal gastric mucosal cells into gastric cancerous cells. In current experiment, we explore the relationship between Chinese traditional medicine (Xiao Tan He Wei Decoction) and gastric cancer in the PLGC rat animal models and epithelial-mesenchymal transitioned GES-1 cells which were induced useing 1- Methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG). PLGC rat model showed significant deterioration in the gastric mucosa with terrible growth rate in body weight and more atypical hyperplasia in gastric mucosa. MC cells, MNNG induced GES-1 cells which epithelial- mesenchymal-transition (EMT)-related proteins have a great change compare with normal GES-1 cells. The cells had characteristics of malignant cells including proliferation, invasion and metastasis ability. Our research founds that Xiao Tan He Wei Decoction could inhibit cell proliferation and increased apoptosis by increase the level of pro-apoptotic proteins like Bax and caspase-3 and decreased the level of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, block the cells in G0/G1 phase simultaneously. Furthermore, Xiao Tan He Wei Decoction could inhibit nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer (NF-kB) activity and inhibit its transfer from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. However, when we incubated with NF-κB activator PMA, the effect of Xiao Tan He Wei Decoction was reversed. These results suggested that Xiao Tan He Wei Decoction could be used as a method for the treatment of gastric precancerous lesions, and possibly provide a theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of gastric cancer and gastric precancerous lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Xu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Wei Shen
- Changjiang Road Community Health Service Center, NO. 639, Tonghe Road, Zhangmiao Street, Baoshan Qv, Shanghai, 200431, China
| | - Bei Pei
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Dazhi Sun
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Yongjin Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - LiJuan Xiu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Ye Lu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China.
| | - XiaoQiang Yue
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China.
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88
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Vuong NH, Cook DP, Forrest LA, Carter LE, Robineau-Charette P, Kofsky JM, Hodgkinson KM, Vanderhyden BC. Single-cell RNA-sequencing reveals transcriptional dynamics of estrogen-induced dysplasia in the ovarian surface epithelium. PLoS Genet 2018; 14:e1007788. [PMID: 30418965 PMCID: PMC6258431 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen therapy increases the risk of ovarian cancer and exogenous estradiol accelerates the onset of ovarian cancer in mouse models. Both in vivo and in vitro, ovarian surface epithelial (OSE) cells exposed to estradiol develop a subpopulation that loses cell polarity, contact inhibition, and forms multi-layered foci of dysplastic cells with increased susceptibility to transformation. Here, we use single-cell RNA-sequencing to characterize this dysplastic subpopulation and identify the transcriptional dynamics involved in its emergence. Estradiol-treated cells were characterized by up-regulation of genes associated with proliferation, metabolism, and survival pathways. Pseudotemporal ordering revealed that OSE cells occupy a largely linear phenotypic spectrum that, in estradiol-treated cells, diverges towards cell state consistent with the dysplastic population. This divergence is characterized by the activation of various cancer-associated pathways including an increase in Greb1 which was validated in fallopian tube epithelium and human ovarian cancers. Taken together, this work reveals possible mechanisms by which estradiol increases epithelial cell susceptibility to tumour initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nhung H. Vuong
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - David P. Cook
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Laura A. Forrest
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Lauren E. Carter
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Pascale Robineau-Charette
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Joshua M. Kofsky
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Kendra M. Hodgkinson
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Barbara C. Vanderhyden
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- * E-mail:
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89
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Renz BW, Tanaka T, Sunagawa M, Takahashi R, Jiang Z, Macchini M, Dantes Z, Valenti G, White RA, Middelhoff MA, Ilmer M, Oberstein PE, Angele MK, Deng H, Hayakawa Y, Westphalen CB, Werner J, Remotti H, Reichert M, Tailor YH, Nagar K, Friedman RA, Iuga AC, Olive KP, Wang TC. Cholinergic Signaling via Muscarinic Receptors Directly and Indirectly Suppresses Pancreatic Tumorigenesis and Cancer Stemness. Cancer Discov 2018; 8:1458-1473. [PMID: 30185628 PMCID: PMC6214763 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-18-0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In many solid tumors, parasympathetic input is provided by the vagus nerve, which has been shown to modulate tumor growth. However, whether cholinergic signaling directly regulates progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has not been defined. Here, we found that subdiaphragmatic vagotomy in LSL-Kras +/G12D;Pdx1-Cre (KC) mice accelerated PDAC development, whereas treatment with the systemic muscarinic agonist bethanechol restored the normal KC phenotype, thereby suppressing the accelerated tumorigenesis caused by vagotomy. In LSL-Kras +/G12D;LSL-Trp53 +/R172H;Pdx1-Cre mice with established PDAC, bethanechol significantly extended survival. These effects were mediated in part through CHRM1, which inhibited downstream MAPK/EGFR and PI3K/AKT pathways in PDAC cells. Enhanced cholinergic signaling led to a suppression of the cancer stem cell (CSC) compartment, CD11b+ myeloid cells, TNFα levels, and metastatic growth in the liver. Therefore, these data suggest that cholinergic signaling directly and indirectly suppresses growth of PDAC cells, and therapies that stimulate muscarinic receptors may be useful in the treatment of PDAC.Significance: Subdiaphragmatic vagotomy or Chrm1 knockout accelerates pancreatic tumorigenesis, in part via expansion of the CSC compartment. Systemic administration of a muscarinic agonist suppresses tumorigenesis through MAPK and PI3K/AKT signaling, in early stages of tumor growth and in more advanced, metastatic disease. Therefore, CHRM1 may represent a potentially attractive therapeutic target. Cancer Discov; 8(11); 1458-73. ©2018 AACR. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1333.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/pathology
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/prevention & control
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/pathology
- Cholinergic Agents/pharmacology
- Genes, ras
- Humans
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, SCID
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/drug effects
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/pathology
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/metabolism
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/prevention & control
- Receptor, Muscarinic M1/physiology
- Signal Transduction
- Pancreatic Neoplasms
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard W Renz
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Hospital of the University of Munich, Munich, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich; and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Takayuki Tanaka
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Masaki Sunagawa
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Ryota Takahashi
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Zhengyu Jiang
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Marina Macchini
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Zahra Dantes
- Department of Medicine II, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Giovanni Valenti
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Ruth A White
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Moritz A Middelhoff
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Matthias Ilmer
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Hospital of the University of Munich, Munich, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich; and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Paul E Oberstein
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Martin K Angele
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Hospital of the University of Munich, Munich, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich; and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Huan Deng
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Pathology, and Molecular Medicine and Genetics Center, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yoku Hayakawa
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - C Benedikt Westphalen
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hospital of the University of Munich, Munich, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich; and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jens Werner
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Hospital of the University of Munich, Munich, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich; and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Helen Remotti
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Maximilian Reichert
- Department of Medicine II, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Yagnesh H Tailor
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Karan Nagar
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Richard A Friedman
- Biomedical Informatics Shared Resource of the Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Alina C Iuga
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Kenneth P Olive
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Timothy C Wang
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York.
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90
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Lubet RA, Steele VE, Shoemaker RH, Grubbs CJ. Screening of Chemopreventive Agents in Animal Models: Results on Reproducibility, Agents of a Given Class, and Agents Tested During Tumor Progression. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2018; 11:595-606. [PMID: 30045934 PMCID: PMC6186395 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-18-0084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Because of the importance of testing reproducibility of results, we present our findings regarding screening agents in preclinical chemoprevention studies in rodent models performed by the Chemopreventive Agent Development Research Group (CADRG) of the Division of Cancer Prevention of the NCI. These studies were performed via contracts to various commercial and academic laboratories. Primarily, results with positive agents are reported because positive agents may progress to the clinics. In testing reproducibility, a limited number of direct repeats of our standard screening assays were performed; which entailed initiating treatment shortly after carcinogen administration or in young transgenic mice and continuing treatment until the end of the study. However, three additional protocols were employed relating to reproducibility: (i) testing agents at lower doses to determine efficacy and reduced toxicity; (ii) testing agents later in tumor progression when microscopic lesions existed and, (iii) testing multiple agents of the same mechanistic class. Data with six models that were routinely employed are presented: MNU-induced ER-positive mammary cancer in rats; MMTV-Neu ER-negative mammary cancers in transgenic mice; AOM-induced colon tumors in rats; intestinal adenomas in Min mice; OH-BBN-induced invasive rat urinary bladder cancers in rats; and UV-induced skin squamous carcinomas in mice. It was found that strongly positive results were highly reproducible in the preclinical models evaluated. Cancer Prev Res; 11(10); 595-606. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald A Lubet
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Vernon E Steele
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Robert H Shoemaker
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Clinton J Grubbs
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.
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91
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Sun XL, Li D, Fang J, Casto B, Noyes I, Milo GE. Metastatic conversion of chemically transformed human cells. Gene Expr 2018; 8:327-39. [PMID: 10947081 PMCID: PMC6157377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
A linear model for human cell metastasis has been developed in vitro from chemically transformed normal human cells. The chemically transformed cells are nontumorigenic in nude mice, but can be converted to a tumorigenic phenotype by transfection with a nondirectional cDNA library or antisense cDNA to the ML-1 gene. The primary transfected cell line (TR1T) forms localized, progressively growing tumors in nude mice that do not invade into the surrounding tissue. This tumorigenic TR1T cell line could be advanced into a metastatic stage following an additional transfection (TR2M cell line) with the cDNA expression library or antisense cDNA to the ML-1 gene. Metastatic cells, selected from tumors that were attached to internal organs, exhibited an increase in invasiveness as measured in vitro using an invasion chamber. The metastatic cells also exhibited an increased expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), although MMP-1 was not part of the cDNA that was transfected into either the TR1T cells or the doubly transfected metastatic TR2M cells. These data suggest that the increase in MMP-1 expression was a secondary downstream event responding to an upstream genetic change that initiated the conversion of cells from a tumorigenic to a metastatic stage. In summary, human cell lines representing premalignant, malignant, and metastatic phenotypes have been established in culture that can be used to identify gene changes that occur as normal human cells progress to a metastatic stage during tumor development. One gene, ML-1, that is found in the expression library appears to be involved in malignant progression, because ML-1 antisense cDNA will convert chemically transformed cells to both tumorigenic and metastatic stages, and cells from both local and metastatic tumors have a reduced or complete loss of expression of the ML-1 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- X L Sun
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Public Health, Columbus 43210, USA.
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92
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García-Vilas JA, Medina MÁ. Updates on the hepatocyte growth factor/c-Met axis in hepatocellular carcinoma and its therapeutic implications. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:3695-3708. [PMID: 30197476 PMCID: PMC6127652 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i33.3695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer and is the second leading cause of cancer death. Since the diagnosis of HCC is difficult, in many cases patients with HCC are diagnosed advanced stage of development. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-mesenchymal-epithelial transition receptor (c-Met) axis is a key signaling pathway in HCC, either via canonical or non-canonical pathways. Available treatments against HCC based upon HGF/c-Met inhibition can increase patient lifespan, but do not reach the expected therapeutic benefits. In HCC, c-Met monomers can bind other receptor monomers, activating several noncanonical signaling pathways, leading to increased cell proliferation, invasion, motility, and drug resistance. All of these processes are enhanced by the tumor microenvironment, with stromal cells contributing to boost tumor progression through oxidative stress, angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, inflammation, and fibrosis. Novel treatments against HCC are being explored to modulate other targets such as microRNAs, methyltransferases, and acetyltransferases, which are all involved in the regulation of gene expression in cancer. This review compiles basic knowledge regarding signaling pathways in HCC, and compounds already used or showing potential to be used in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Miguel Ángel Medina
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Andalucía Tech, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga 29071, Spain
- Unidad 741 de CIBER “de Enfermedades Raras” (CIBERER), Málaga 29071, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research in Málaga, Málaga 29071, Spain
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93
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Ngalame NNO, Luz AL, Makia N, Tokar EJ. Arsenic Alters Exosome Quantity and Cargo to Mediate Stem Cell Recruitment Into a Cancer Stem Cell-Like Phenotype. Toxicol Sci 2018; 165:40-49. [PMID: 30169766 PMCID: PMC6111788 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inorganic arsenic is a human carcinogen that can target the prostate. Accumulating evidence suggests arsenic can disrupt stem cell (SC) dynamics during the carcinogenic process. Previous work demonstrated arsenic-transformed prostate epithelial (CAsE-PE) cells can recruit prostate SCs into rapidly acquiring a cancer SC (CSC) phenotype via the secretion of soluble factors. Exosomes are small, membrane-derived vesicles that contain lipids, RNA, and proteins, and actively contribute to cancer initiation and progression when taken up by target cells. Here we hypothesized that CAsE-PE cells are recruiting SCs to a CSC-like phenotype via exosomal signaling. CAsE-PE cells secreted 700% more exosomes than parental RWPE-1 cells. CAsE-PE exosomes were enriched with oncogenic factors, including oncogenes (KRAS, NRAS, VEFGA, MYB, and EGFR), inflammation-related (cyclooxygenase-2, interleukin 1B (IL1B), IL6, transforming growth factor-β, and tumor necrosis factor-A), and apoptosis-related (CASP7, CASP9, and BCL2) transcripts, and oncogenesis-associated microRNAs. When compared with SCs cultured in exosome-depleted conditioned medium (CM), SCs cultured in CM containing CAsE-PE-derived exosomes showed increased (198%) matrix metalloproteinase activity and underwent an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in morphology, suggesting an exosome-mediated transformation. KRAS plays an important role in arsenic carcinogenesis. Although KRAS transcript (>24 000%) and protein (866%) levels were elevated in CAsE-PE exosomes, knock-down of KRAS in these cells only partially mitigated the CSC-like phenotype in cocultured SCs. Collectively, these results suggest arsenic impacts both exosomal quantity and cargo. Exosomal KRAS is only minimally involved in this recruitment, and additional factors (eg, cancer-associated miRNAs) likely also play a role. This work furthers our mechanistic understanding of how arsenic disrupts SC dynamics and influences the tumor microenvironment during carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ntube N O Ngalame
- Stem Cell Toxicology Group, National Toxicology Program Laboratory, Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - Anthony L Luz
- Stem Cell Toxicology Group, National Toxicology Program Laboratory, Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - Ngome Makia
- Stem Cell Toxicology Group, National Toxicology Program Laboratory, Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - Erik J Tokar
- Stem Cell Toxicology Group, National Toxicology Program Laboratory, Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
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94
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Mirzoeva S, Tong X, Bridgeman BB, Plebanek MP, Volpert OV. Apigenin Inhibits UVB-Induced Skin Carcinogenesis: The Role of Thrombospondin-1 as an Anti-Inflammatory Factor. Neoplasia 2018; 20:930-942. [PMID: 30118999 PMCID: PMC6098219 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that apigenin promotes the expression of antiangiogenic protein thrombospondin-1 (TSP1) via a mechanism driven by mRNA-binding protein HuR. Here, we generated a novel mouse model with whole-body THBS-1 gene knockout on SKH-1 genetic background, which allows studies of UVB-induced acute skin damage and carcinogenesis and tests TSP1 involvement in apigenin's anticancer effects. Apigenin significantly inhibited UVB-induced carcinogenesis in the wild-type (WT) animals but not in TSP1 KO (TKO) mice, suggesting that TSP1 is a critical component of apigenin's chemopreventive function in UVB-induced skin cancer. Importantly, TKO mice presented with the elevated cutaneous inflammation at baseline, which was manifested by increased inflammatory infiltrates (neutrophils and macrophages) and elevated levels of the two key inflammatory cytokines, IL-6 and IL-12. In agreement, maintaining normal TSP1 expression in the UVB-irradiated skin of WT mice using topical apigenin application caused a marked decrease of circulating inflammatory cytokines. Finally, TKO mice showed an altered population dynamics of the bone marrow myeloid progenitor cells (CD11b+), with dramatic expansion of the population of neutrophil progenitors (Ly6ClowLy6Ghigh) compared to the WT control. Our results indicate that the cutaneous tumor suppressor TSP1 is a critical mediator of the in vivo anticancer effect of apigenin in skin, specifically of its anti-inflammatory action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salida Mirzoeva
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Xin Tong
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611.
| | - Bryan B Bridgeman
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Michael P Plebanek
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Olga V Volpert
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054
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95
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Wise SS, Aboueissa AEM, Martino J, Wise JP. Hexavalent Chromium-Induced Chromosome Instability Drives Permanent and Heritable Numerical and Structural Changes and a DNA Repair-Deficient Phenotype. Cancer Res 2018; 78:4203-4214. [PMID: 29880483 PMCID: PMC6072558 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-0531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A key hypothesis for how hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] causes cancer is that it drives chromosome instability (CIN), which leads to neoplastic transformation. Studies show chronic Cr(VI) can affect DNA repair and induce centrosome amplification, which can lead to structural and numerical CIN. However, no studies have considered whether these outcomes are transient or permanent. In this study, we exposed human lung cells to particulate Cr(VI) for three sequential 24-hour periods, each separated by about a month. After each treatment, cells were seeded at colony-forming density, cloned, expanded, and retreated, creating three generations of clonal cell lines. Each generation of clones was tested for chromium sensitivity, chromosome complement, DNA repair capacity, centrosome amplification, and the ability to grow in soft agar. After the first treatment, Cr(VI)-treated clones exhibited a normal chromosome complement, but some clones showed a repair-deficient phenotype and amplified centrosomes. After the second exposure, more than half of the treated clones acquired an abnormal karyotype including numerical and structural alterations, with many exhibiting deficient DNA double-strand break repair and amplified centrosomes. The third treatment produced new abnormal clones, with previously abnormal clones acquiring additional abnormalities and most clones exhibiting repair deficiency. CIN, repair deficiency, and amplified centrosomes were all permanent and heritable phenotypes of repeated Cr(VI) exposure. These outcomes support the hypothesis that CIN is a key mechanism of Cr(VI)-induced carcinogenesis.Significance: Chromium, a major public health concern and human lung carcinogen, causes fundamental changes in chromosomes and DNA repair in human lung cells. Cancer Res; 78(15); 4203-14. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra S Wise
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky
| | | | - Julieta Martino
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - John Pierce Wise
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky.
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96
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Huang N, Pei X, Lin W, Chiu JF, Tao T, Li G. DNA methylation of a non-CpG island promoter represses NQO1 expression in rat arsenic-transformed lung epithelial cells. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2018; 50:733-739. [PMID: 29889218 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmy063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), a phase II flavoenzyme that catalyzes reduction reactions to protect cells against electrophiles and oxidants, is involved in tumorigenesis. Altered methylation of the NQO1 gene has been observed and is speculated to result in aberrant NQO1 expression in rat cells undergoing chemical carcinogenesis, although this has not been proven experimentally. In this study, we first investigated the potential epigenetic mechanisms underlying the phenomenon of NQO1 differential expression in individual subclones of rat arsenic-transformed lung epithelial cells (TLECs). NQO1 expression of TLEC subclones with or without 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-CdR) treatment was assessed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), western blot analysis, and real-time PCR. Methylation status of the NQO1 promoter in TLEC subclones was analyzed by bisulfite sequencing. Transcriptional activity of NQO1 promoter in vitro methylated was determined by luciferase assay using a CpG-free luciferase reporter driven by the NQO1 promoter region (-435 to +229). We found that non-CpG island (non-CpGI) within the NQO1 promoter was hyper- or hypo-methylated in TLEC subclones and corresponded to low and high gene expressions, respectively. Following the treatment with 5-Aza-CdR, transcription of the NQO1 gene in the hypermethylated subclones was restored, accompanied by demethylation of the NQO1 promoter. In vitro promoter methylation almost completely silenced reporter activity in TLECs. These results indicate that DNA methylation of the non-CpGI promoter contributes to epigenetic silencing of NQO1 in rat TLECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningyu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiaojuan Pei
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenbo Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jen-Fu Chiu
- Department of Biochemistry, The Key Lab of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tao Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Guanwu Li
- Department of Biochemistry, The Key Lab of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
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97
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Wang J, Chen J, Jiang Y, Shi Y, Zhu J, Xie C, Geng S, Wu J, Zhang Q, Wang X, Meng Y, Li Y, Chen Y, Cao W, Wang X, Zhong C, Li X. Wnt/β-catenin modulates chronic tobacco smoke exposure-induced acquisition of pulmonary cancer stem cell properties and diallyl trisulfide intervention. Toxicol Lett 2018; 291:70-76. [PMID: 29626521 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide; tobacco smoke (TS) constitutes the main causes of lung cancer. Acquisition of cancer stem cells (CSCs)-like properties is the essential progression for the initiation of lung cancer. However, the mechanisms for tobacco smoke-induced lung carcinogenesis remain elusive. In the present study, we demonstrated that long-term exposure of human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells to TS resulted in malignant transformation and acquisition of CSC-like properties. Moreover, Wnt/β-catenin pathway was involved in acquisition of the CSC-like phenotype during neoplastic transformation of HBE cells induced by TS. Downregulation of β-catenin reduced the tumorsphere and decreased the protein expression of lung CSCs markers in TS-transformated HBE sphere-forming cells. Furthermore, Diallyl trisulfide (DATS) inhibited the CSCs activity of TS-transformed HBE cells, as well as Wnt/β-catenin suppression. Activation of Wnt/β-catenin diminished the inhibitory effects of DATS on TS-induced stemness of HBE cells. Together, the present investigation elucidates the modulation of Wnt/β-catenin in chronic TS exposure-triggered pulmonary acquisition of CSCs properties and DATS intervention, which may provide new insights into the interventional strategies against lung CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaye Wang
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Jiaqi Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Ye Jiang
- Department of Food and School Hygiene, Taizhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taizhou, Zhejiang, 318000, China
| | - Yingying Shi
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Jianyun Zhu
- Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215008, China
| | - Chunfeng Xie
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Shanshan Geng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Jieshu Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Xiaoqian Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Yu Meng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Wanshuang Cao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Xueqi Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Caiyun Zhong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China; The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China.
| | - Xiaoting Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China.
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98
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Sundaram S, Yan L. Dietary Supplementation with Methylseleninic Acid Inhibits Mammary Tumorigenesis and Metastasis in Male MMTV-PyMT Mice. Biol Trace Elem Res 2018; 184:186-195. [PMID: 29032404 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-017-1188-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Male breast cancer, which makes up approximately 1% of all breast cancers, is an aggressive disease with poor prognosis. We investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with selenium in the form of methylseleninic acid [(MSeA) 2.5 mg selenium/kg] on mammary tumorigenesis in male MMTV-PyMT mice. The mammary tumor latency was 14.6 weeks for the MSeA-fed group and 13.8 weeks for the controls fed the AIN93G diet (p < 0.05). Dietary supplementation with MSeA, versus the control, resulted in a 72% reduction in tumor progression, a 46% reduction in both final volume and weight of mammary tumors, and a 70% reduction in the number of lung metastases. Mammary tumorigenesis in MMTV-PyMT mice, versus non-tumor-bearing wild-type mice, resulted in significant increases in concentrations of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, urokinase plasminogen activator, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, and vascular endothelial growth factor, but not aromatase and estrogen, in the plasma. Concentrations of all variables mentioned above in both plasma and mammary tumors were lower in MSeA-fed mice. Mammary tumorigenesis reduced plasma levels of adiponectin compared to non-tumor-bearing controls. Adiponectin concentrations in mammary tumors, but not in plasma, were higher in MSeA-fed mice than in controls. In summary, dietary supplementation with selenium in the form of MSeA inhibits mammary tumorigenesis and its pulmonary metastasis in male MMTV-PyMT mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Sundaram
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, ND, 58202, USA
| | - Lin Yan
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, ND, 58202, USA.
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99
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Wasonga C, Omwandho C. Inhibitory effects of mushroom extracts on progression of carcinogenesis in mice. J Exp Ther Oncol 2018; 12:231-237. [PMID: 29790315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is a common primary malignancy of hepatocytes that has caused many fatalities globally. To manage the increasing cases of hepatocellular carcinoma, natural products like mushrooms have been tested for their anti-oxidant, anti-tumour and therapeutic properties. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Agaricus bisporus on progression of chemically induced carcinogenesis in mice. Carcinogenesis was induced in experimental and positive group of mice. Development and progression of carcinogenesis was monitored by quantifying levels of Lactate dehydrogenase, total sialic acid and by histological analysis. The results of the study showed that, unlike lactate dehydrogenase, the levels of sialic acid consistently decreased throughout the experimental period in mice that were fed on mushroom extracts compared to the positive control. Histological analysis also showed protection of the hepatocytes from carcinogenesis progression. Overall, the results from tumour markers and histological analysis, showed that addition of Agaricus bisporus extracts to diet slowed down progression of carcinogenesis and these extracts therefore may be useful as supplementary diet to conventional cancer therapies.
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MESH Headings
- Agaricus/chemistry
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/isolation & purification
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Biomarkers, Tumor/blood
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/blood
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/chemically induced
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/chemically induced
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/pathology
- Diethylnitrosamine
- L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/blood
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/blood
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/chemically induced
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Mice, Inbred CBA
- N-Acetylneuraminic Acid/blood
- Polysaccharides/isolation & purification
- Polysaccharides/pharmacology
- Time Factors
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Wasonga
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197-00100, GPO, Nairobi, Kenya
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100
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Yao Y, Zhu Z, Wu Y, Chai Y. Histologic transformation from adenocarcinoma to both small cell lung cancer and squamous cell carcinoma after treatment with gefitinib: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e0650. [PMID: 29718881 PMCID: PMC6393132 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000010650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE In the past decade, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) treatment had been an important therapy for treating advanced EGFR-mutated lung cancer patients. However, a large number of these patients with EGFR-TKIs treatment always acquired resistance to these drugs in one year. The histologic transformation is an important resistance mechanism. PATIENT CONCERNS Here we reported a 41-year-old man with EGFR-mutated lung adenocarcinoma and he showed histologic transformation to both small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) after treatment of gefitinib. DIAGNOSES A case of EGFR-mutated lung cancer. INTERVENTIONS Medical thoracoscopy examination was performed and the patient was diagnosed as a EGFR-mutated lung adenocarcinoma. Then gefitinib was administered orally at a dose of 250 mg daily. The patient received treatment with chemotherapy (etoposide 0.1 g day 2-5 + cis-platinum 30 mg day 2-4) after acquiring resistance to gefitinib. OUTCOMES The patient died in April 2017 that survived for 32 months from lung cancer was found for the first time. LESSONS To the best of our knowledge, it is the first case of EGFR-mutated lung adenocarcinoma transforming to both SCLC and SCC which was treated with and responded to gefitinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Yao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhouyu Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University
| | - Yimin Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University
| | - Ying Chai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University
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