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Abstract
PURPOSE Unlike hyperprolactinemia, clinical significance of prolactin deficiency remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to assess the cardiometabolic profile of patients with low prolactin levels. METHODS The study population consisted of three groups of young women. Two groups were chronically treated with cabergoline but differed in prolactin levels, which were either abnormally low (group A; n = 16) or within the reference range (group B, n = 23). Group C, serving as a control group, included 28 drug-naïve women with normal prolactin levels. The dose of cabergoline in group A was then tapered down. Glucose homeostasis markers, plasma lipids and circulating levels of hormones, uric acid, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), fibrinogen and homocysteine, as well as the carotid intima-media thickness were assessed at baseline and 6 months later. RESULTS Compared with subjects with normal prolactin levels, women with hypoprolactinemia had higher levels of 2-h postchallenge glucose, glycated hemoglobin, triglycerides, uric acid, hsCRP and fibrinogen, lower values of HDL-cholesterol, total testosterone and free androgen index, as well as reduced insulin sensitivity. No differences in these variables were observed between groups B and C. Apart from prolactin normalization, cabergoline dose reduction reversed all laboratory disturbances reported in group A. CONCLUSION The obtained results suggest that hypoprolactinemia in women of reproductive age may increase cardiometabolic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Krysiak
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
| | - Karolina Kowalcze
- Department of Pediatrics in Bytom, School of Health Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Bogusław Okopień
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
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102
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Kim SO, Albrecht ED, Pepe GJ. Estrogen promotes fetal skeletal muscle myofiber development important for insulin sensitivity in offspring. Endocrine 2022; 78:32-41. [PMID: 35715687 PMCID: PMC9474690 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-022-03108-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Using our nonhuman primate baboon model, we showed that offspring born to mothers deprived of estrogen during the second half of gestation exhibited insulin resistance and a deficit in first phase insulin release. Although insulin resistance was not due to an impairment of fetal or offspring growth, nor to an alteration in adipose or hepatic sensitivity to insulin, skeletal muscle microvacularization critical for delivery of nutrients/insulin was significantly reduced in fetuses and offspring deprived of estrogen in utero. Skeletal muscle myofiber maturation occurs in utero and estrogen modulates myofiber growth in adults. Therefore, the current study determined whether fetal skeletal muscle development was altered in baboons in which estradiol levels were suppressed/restored during the second half of gestation by maternal treatment with letrozole ± estradiol benzoate. In estrogen-suppressed animals, fetal skeletal muscle fascicles were structurally less organized, smaller, and comprised of slow type I and fast type II fibers, the size, but not the number of which were smaller than in untreated baboons. Moreover, the proportion of non-muscle fiber tissue was greater and that of muscle fibers lower in estrogen-deprived fetuses. Thus, the maintenance of fetal body weight in estrogen-deprived animals was maintained at the expense of muscle fibers and likely reflected increased deposition of non-muscle proteins. Importantly, fetal skeletal muscle development, including fascicle organization, myofiber size and composition was normal in baboons treated with letrozole and estradiol benzoate. Collectively, these and our previous findings support our proposal that exposure of the fetus to estrogen is important for fetal skeletal muscle development and glucose homeostasis in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon Ok Kim
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Eugene D Albrecht
- Departments of Obstetrics/Gynecology/Reproductive Sciences and Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gerald J Pepe
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA.
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Ferreira PPR, Silva LFR, Dias-Peixoto MF, Cassilhas RC, Gripp F, Amorim FT, Mang ZA, Esteves EA, Tricoli VA, Ferraresi C, Magalhães FDC. Effects of the association of different volumes of strength training with photobiomodulation therapy on insulin resistance: A protocol for a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2022; 29:100984. [PMID: 36052175 PMCID: PMC9424937 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2022.100984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Insulin resistance (IR) is the main risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes. Both strength training (ST) and photobiomodulation therapy (PBMt) reduce IR, but the effect of combining different volumes of ST with PBMt is unknown. Methods Overweight/obese individuals will be assigned to 4 groups (n = 12/group): ST with volume following international guidelines (3 sets per exercise - high volume) or one-third of this volume (1 set per exercise - low volume), combined with PBMt or placebo. ST will be performed for 20 sessions over 10 weeks and will consist of 7 exercises. The PBMt will be applied after training sessions using blankets with light emitters (LEDs) placed over the skin on the frontal and the posterior region of the body, following the parameters recommended by the literature. The placebo group will undergo an identical procedure, but blankets will emit insignificant light. To measure plasma glucose and insulin concentrations, oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) will be performed before and after the training period. Thereafter, IR, the area under the curve of glucose and insulin, and OGTT-derived indices of insulin sensitivity/resistance will be calculated. Expected impact on the field This study will determine the effects of different ST volumes on IR and whether the addition of PBMt potentiates the effects of ST. Because previously sedentary, obese, insulin-resistant individuals might not comply with recommended volumes of exercise, the possibility that adding PBMt to low-volume ST enhances ST effects on IR bears practical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Paulo Ribeiro Ferreira
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Campus JK, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
| | - Luís Filipe Rocha Silva
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Campus JK, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
| | - Marco Fabrício Dias-Peixoto
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Campus JK, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Cardoso Cassilhas
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Campus JK, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
| | - Fernando Gripp
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Campus JK, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
| | - Fabiano Trigueiro Amorim
- Department of Health, Exercise, and Sports Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Zachary A Mang
- Department of Health, Exercise, and Sports Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Elizabethe Adriana Esteves
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Campus JK, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
| | - Valmor A Tricoli
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Cleber Ferraresi
- Deparment of Physical Therapy, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Flávio de Castro Magalhães
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Campus JK, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
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Unger AL, Jetton TL, Kraft J. Dietary fat quality impacts metabolic impairments of type 2 diabetes risk differently in male and female CD-1(®) mice. Br J Nutr 2022; 128:1013-28. [PMID: 34605388 DOI: 10.1017/S0007114521004001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic impairments associated with type 2 diabetes, including insulin resistance and loss of glycaemic control, disproportionately impact the elderly. Lifestyle interventions, such as manipulation of dietary fat quality (i.e. fatty acid (FA) composition), have been shown to favourably modulate metabolic health. Yet, whether or not chronic consumption of beneficial FAs can protect against metabolic derangements and disease risk during ageing is not well defined. We sought to evaluate whether long-term dietary supplementation of fish-, dairy- or echium-derived FAs to the average FA profile in a U.S. American diet may offset metabolic impairments in males and females during ageing. One-month-old CD-1® mice were fed isoenergetic, high-fat (40 %) diets with the fat content composed of either 100 % control fat blend (CO) or 70 % CO with 30 % fish oil, dairy fat or echium oil for 13 months. Every 3 months, parameters of glucose homoeostasis were evaluated via glucose and insulin tolerance tests. Glucose tolerance improved in males consuming a diet supplemented with fish oil or echium oil as ageing progressed, but not in females. Yet, females were more metabolically protected than males regardless of age. Additionally, Spearman correlations were performed between indices of glucose homoeostasis and previously reported measurements of diet-derived FA content in tissues and colonic bacterial composition, which also revealed sex-specific associations. This study provides evidence that long-term dietary fat quality influences risk factors of metabolic diseases during ageing in a sex-dependent manner; thus, sex is a critical factor to be considered in future dietary strategies to mitigate type 2 diabetes risk.
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105
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Yan S, Lu W, Zhou J, Guo X, Li J, Cheng H, Zhu X, Zhao Y, Duan M, Yang H, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Chen L, Zheng T. Aqueous extract of Scrophularia ningpoensis improves insulin sensitivity through AMPK-mediated inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Phytomedicine 2022; 104:154308. [PMID: 35792447 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl. is a commonly used medicinal plant in China for the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM), but its mechanism of action remains poorly described. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) accounts for > 90% of all DM cases and is characterized by insulin resistance. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate whether the insulin sensitivity can be improved by treatment with aqueous extract of S. ningpoensis (AESN) and further explore its mechanism(s) of activity. METHODS Primary mouse hepatocytes and human HepG2 hepatocytes were used to investigate the effects of AESN on cell viability, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation and glucose output under normal culture conditions. To mimic hyperglycemia and insulin resistance in vitro, hepatocytes were exposed to high glucose (HG), and the influences of AESN on AMPK phosphorylation, NLRP3 inflammation activation, insulin signaling, lipid accumulation and glucose output were investigated. Increasing doses of AESN (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg/day) were administered by gavage to db/db mice for 8 weeks, and then biochemical analysis and histopathological examinations were performed. RESULTS AESN significantly activated AMPK and inhibited glucose output in hepatocytes, but did not impact cell viability under normal culture conditions. Moreover, in HG-treated hepatocytes, AESN protected against aberrant AMPK activity, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, insulin signaling, and lipid accumulation. AMPK inhibition abolished the regulatory effects of AESN on the NLRP3 inflammasome, insulin signaling, lipid accumulation, and glucose output of hepatocytes following HG exposure. Furthermore, AESN administration reduced blood glucose and serum insulin levels, improved lipid profiles and insulin resistance, and corrected the aberrant AMPK activity and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in liver tissues. CONCLUSION AESN improves insulin sensitivity via AMPK-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Yan
- Institute of Wudang Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China; Department of Pharmacy, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China; College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Institute of Wudang Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China; Department of Pharmacy, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China; College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Xu Guo
- Institute of Wudang Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China; Department of Pharmacy, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China; College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Juyi Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hongbo Cheng
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Institute of Wudang Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China; Department of Pharmacy, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China; College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Mingzhu Duan
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Hongxu Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Qibin Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China; College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Li Chen
- Institute of Wudang Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China; Department of Pharmacy, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China; College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China,.
| | - Tao Zheng
- Institute of Wudang Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China; Department of Pharmacy, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China; College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China,.
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106
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Bianchi M, Manco M. Circulating levels of PIN1 and glucose metabolism in young people with obesity. J Endocrinol Invest 2022; 45:1741-1748. [PMID: 35585295 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-022-01812-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Impaired activity of the peptidylprolyl cis/trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1 (PIN1) isomerase might contribute to link disturbed glucose metabolism and risk of glucose related neurotoxicity, neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. The isomerase modulates also pathways of peripheral insulin sensitivity and secretion. We aimed at investigating the levels of circulating PIN1 in adolescents with obesity and any association with their glucose metabolism. METHODS We enrolled 145 adolescents (age 12-17.8 years); 67 lean controls (46.2%) and 78 (53.8%) with overweight or obesity (males n = 62, 46%). We estimated glucose and insulin in fasting condition and after a standard oral glucose tolerance test; fasting serum levels of PIN1, amyloid β-protein 42 (Aβ42), presenilin 1 (PSEN1), glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1) and Non Esterified Fatty Acids (NEFA). We calculated the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), the β cell function (HOMA-β) and the Adipo-IR. RESULTS There was no difference in PIN1 serum levels between normal weight individuals and patients with obesity. However, there was an inverse correlation between serum fasting PIN1 and glucose (r - 0.183 and p = 0.027). We confirmed levels of Aβ42 and PSEN1 were higher in teens with obesity than in lean controls and their correlation with the body mass index (Aβ42: r = 0.302, p = 0.0001, PSEN1 r = 0.231, p = 0.005) and the HOMA-IR (Aβ42: r = 0.219, p = 0.009, r = 0.170, p < 0.042). CONCLUSIONS There was no significant rise of circulating PIN1 levels in young individuals with obesity. Increased levels reported in the literature in adult patients are likely to occur late in the natural history of the disease with the onset of an overt impairment of glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bianchi
- Research Area for Multi-Factorial Diseases, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, viale di San Paolo 15, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - M Manco
- Research Area for Multi-Factorial Diseases, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, viale di San Paolo 15, 00146, Rome, Italy.
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107
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Karppinen JE, Juppi HK, Hintikka J, Wiklund P, Haapala EA, Hyvärinen M, Tammelin TH, Aukee P, Kujala UM, Laukkanen J, Laakkonen EK. Associations of resting and peak fat oxidation with sex hormone profile and blood glucose control in middle-aged women. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 32:2157-2167. [PMID: 35752543 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Menopause may reduce fat oxidation. We investigated whether sex hormone profile explains resting fat oxidation (RFO) or peak fat oxidation (PFO) during incremental cycling in middle-aged women. Secondarily, we studied associations of RFO and PFO with glucose regulation. METHOD AND RESULTS We measured RFO and PFO of 42 women (age 52-58 years) with indirect calorimetry. Seven participants were pre- or perimenopausal, 26 were postmenopausal, and nine were postmenopausal hormone therapy users. Serum estradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone, progesterone, and testosterone levels were quantified with immunoassays. Insulin sensitivity (Matsuda index) and glucose tolerance (area under the curve) were determined by glucose tolerance testing. Body composition was assessed with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; physical activity with self-report and accelerometry; and diet, with food diaries. Menopausal status or sex hormone levels were not associated with the fat oxidation outcomes. RFO determinants were fat mass (β = 0.44, P = 0.006) and preceding energy intake (β = -0.40, P = 0.019). Cardiorespiratory fitness (β = 0.59, P = 0.002), lean mass (β = 0.49, P = 0.002) and physical activity (self-reported β = 0.37, P = 0.020; accelerometer-measured β = 0.35, P = 0.024) explained PFO. RFO and PFO were not related to insulin sensitivity. Higher RFO was associated with poorer glucose tolerance (β = 0.52, P = 0.002). CONCLUSION Among studied middle-aged women, sex hormone profile did not explain RFO or PFO, and higher fat oxidation capacity did not indicate better glucose control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jari E Karppinen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Hanna-Kaarina Juppi
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Jukka Hintikka
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Petri Wiklund
- Exercise Translational Medicine Center, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Huawei Helsinki R&D Center, Huawei Technologies Ltd, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eero A Haapala
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland; Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Matti Hyvärinen
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | | | - Pauliina Aukee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Central Finland Health Care District, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Urho M Kujala
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Jari Laukkanen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland; Department of Internal Medicine, Central Finland Healthcare District, Jyväskylä, Finland; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Eija K Laakkonen
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Yang Z, Li Z, Cheng Y, Chen P, Wang D, Chen H, Chen W, Wang Z. Association between lipid trajectories during pregnancy and risk of postpartum glucose intolerance after gestational diabetes mellitus: a cohort study. Acta Diabetol 2022; 59:1209-1218. [PMID: 35790604 PMCID: PMC9329422 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-022-01905-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To assess lipid trajectories throughout pregnancy in relation to early postpartum glucose intolerance in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). METHODS This prospective cohort study included 221 Chinese women with GDM who completed plasma lipid test in each trimester of pregnancy and oral glucose tolerance test at 6-9 weeks postdelivery between January 1, 2018 and January 8, 2020. Using the group-based trajectory modeling, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c), and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-c) were identified separately as three trajectories: low, moderate, and high trajectory. The associations between lipid trajectories and early postpartum glucose intolerance were all evaluated. RESULTS Seventy-three participants developed postpartum glucose intolerance. For patients in low, moderate and high trajectory, the incidence of postpartum glucose intolerance was 38.4%, 34.9%, and 17.9%, respectively. GDM women with lower LDL-c trajectories presented a higher risk of postpartum glucose intolerance. The adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) for glucose intolerance was 3.14 (1.17-8.39) in low LDL-c trajectory and 2.68 (1.05-6.85) in moderate trajectory when compared with the high one. However, TC trajectory was not associated with the risk of postpartum glucose intolerance, nor were TG trajectory and HDL-c trajectory. Moreover, a significant difference of insulin sensitivity was observed in participants with different LDL-c trajectories; participants in high LDL-c trajectory had the highest insulin sensitivity, whereas the women in low LDL-c trajectory had the lowest insulin sensitivity (P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS The high trajectory of LDL-c during pregnancy may play a protective role on postpartum glucose intolerance in women with GDM. Further studies are warranted to explore the underlying mechanism. Trial registration The study was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board of The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University (reference number: [2014]No. 93). All participants provided written informed consent forms, and the ethics committee approved this consent procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuofan Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhongshan Rd II, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zhuyu Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhongshan Rd II, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yunjiu Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peisong Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongyu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhongshan Rd II, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Haitian Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhongshan Rd II, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhongshan Rd II, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zilian Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhongshan Rd II, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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Arjmand B, Ebrahimi Fana S, Ghasemi E, Kazemi A, Ghodssi-Ghassemabadi R, Dehghanbanadaki H, Najjar N, Kakaii A, Forouzanfar K, Nasli-Esfahani E, Farzadfar F, Larijani B, Razi F. Metabolic signatures of insulin resistance in non-diabetic individuals. BMC Endocr Disord 2022; 22:212. [PMID: 36002887 PMCID: PMC9404631 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-022-01130-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin resistance (IR) evolved from excessive energy intake and poor energy expenditure, affecting the patient's quality of life. Amino acid and acylcarnitine metabolomic profiles have identified consistent patterns associated with metabolic disease and insulin sensitivity. Here, we have measured a wide array of metabolites (30 acylcarnitines and 20 amino acids) with the MS/MS and investigated the association of metabolic profile with insulin resistance. METHODS The study population (n = 403) was randomly chosen from non-diabetic participants of the Surveillance of Risk Factors of NCDs in Iran Study (STEPS 2016). STEPS 2016 is a population-based cross-sectional study conducted periodically on adults aged 18-75 years in 30 provinces of Iran. Participants were divided into two groups according to the optimal cut-off point determined by the Youden index of HOMA-IR for the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome. Associations were investigated using regression models adjusted for age, sex, and body mass index (BMI). RESULTS People with high IR were significantly younger, and had higher education level, BMI, waist circumference, FPG, HbA1c, ALT, triglyceride, cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol, uric acid, and a lower HDL-C level. We observed a strong positive association of serum BCAA (valine and leucine), AAA (tyrosine, tryptophan, and phenylalanine), alanine, and C0 (free carnitine) with IR (HOMA-IR); while C18:1 (oleoyl L-carnitine) was inversely correlated with IR. CONCLUSIONS In the present study, we identified specific metabolites linked to HOMA-IR that improved IR prediction. In summary, our study adds more evidence that a particular metabolomic profile perturbation is associated with metabolic disease and reemphasizes the significance of understanding the biochemistry and physiology which lead to these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Arjmand
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran, Iran
- Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Ebrahimi Fana
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Erfan Ghasemi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ameneh Kazemi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hojat Dehghanbanadaki
- Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloufar Najjar
- Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ardeshir Kakaii
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular -Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Katayoon Forouzanfar
- Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ensieh Nasli-Esfahani
- Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshad Farzadfar
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farideh Razi
- Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Lee-Ødegård S, Ueland T, Thorsby PM, Aukrust P, Michelsen AE, Halvorsen B, Drevon CA, Birkeland KI. Fetuin-A mediates the difference in adipose tissue insulin resistance between young adult pakistani and norwegian patients with type 2 diabetes. BMC Endocr Disord 2022; 22:208. [PMID: 35978354 PMCID: PMC9386965 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-022-01127-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND South-Asian immigrants to Western countries have a high prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and increased adipose tissue insulin resistance (AT-IR), as compared to their Western counterparts. Fetuin-A is a hepatokine known to influence AT-IR. AIM Can plasma fetuin-A concentrations explain an ethnic difference in adipose tissue insulin resistance? METHODS We performed a two-step euglycemic-hyperinsulinaemic clamp and measured plasma concentrations of fetuin-A and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), in 18 Pakistani and 21 Norwegians with T2DM (age 29-45y) in Norway. AT-IR was calculated as NEFA-suppression during the clamp. The adipokines/cytokines leptin, adiponectin, visfatin, PTX3, IL-1β, INF-γ, and IL-4 were measured in fasting plasma. Liver fat was estimated by CT-scans. RESULTS Despite a lower BMI, Pakistani patients displayed higher AT-IR than Norwegians. NEFA-suppression during clamp was lower in Pakistani than Norwegians (mean=-20.6%, 95%CI=[-40.8, -0.01] and p = 0.046). Plasma fetuin-A concentration was higher in Pakistani than Norwegians (43.4 ng/mL[12.7,74.0], p = 0.007) and correlated negatively to %NEFA-suppression during clamp (rho=-0.39, p = 0.039). Plasma fetuin-A concentration explained 22% of the ethnic difference in NEFA-suppression during the clamp. Pakistani patients exhibited higher plasma leptin and lower PTX3 levels than Norwegian, and plasma visfatin correlated positively to plasma fetuin-A levels in the Pakistani patients. We observed no correlation between plasma fetuin-A and liver fat, but fetuin-A correlated negatively with plasma IL-1β, INF-γ, and IL-4 concentrations. Plasma IL-4 concentration was lower in Pakistani than in Norwegian patients. CONCLUSION Fetuin-A may contribute to explain the discrepancy in T2DM prevalence between Pakistani and Norwegians patients by influencing AT-IR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thor Ueland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Per M Thorsby
- Hormone Laboratory, Dep of Medical Biochemistry and Biochemical endocrinology and metabolism research group, Oslo University Hospital, Aker, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pål Aukrust
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Annika E Michelsen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bente Halvorsen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Christian A Drevon
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kåre I Birkeland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Sinha K, Kumar S, Rawat B, Singh R, Purohit R, Kumar D, Padwad Y. Kutkin, iridoid glycosides enriched fraction of Picrorrhiza kurroa promotes insulin sensitivity and enhances glucose uptake by activating PI3K/Akt signaling in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Phytomedicine 2022; 103:154204. [PMID: 35671635 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Therapeutic failure and drug resistance are common sequelae to insulin resistance associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Consequently, there is an unmet need of alternative strategies to overcome insulin resistance associated complications. PURPOSE To demonstrate whether Kutkin (KT), iridoid glycoside enriched fraction of Picrorhiza kurroa extract (PKE) has potential to increase the insulin sensitivity vis à vis glucose uptake in differentiated adipocytes. METHODS Molecular interaction of KT phytoconstituents, picroside-I (P-I) & picroside- II (P-II) with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase B (Akt) were analyzed in silico. Cellular viability and adipogenesis were determined by following 3-(4, 5-Dimethylthiazol-2-Yl)-2, 5-Diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and Oil Red-O staining. Further, ELISA kit based triglycerides and diacylglycerol-O-Acyltransferase-1 (DGAT1) were assessed in differentiated adipocytes. ELISA based determination were performed to check the levels of adiponectin and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). However, Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence based assays were employed to measure the glucose uptake and glucose transporter 4 (glut4) expression in differentiated adipocytes, respectively. Further to explore the targeted signaling axis, mRNA expression levels of PPARγ, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (CEBPα), and glut4 were determined using qRT-PCR and insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), Insulin receptor substrate-2 (IRS-2), PI3K/Akt, AS160, glut4 followed by protein validation using immunoblotting in differentiated adipocytes. RESULTS In silico analysis revealed the binding affinities of major constituents of KT (P-I& P-II) with PPARγ/PI3K/Akt. The enhanced intracellular accumulation of triglycerides with concomitant activation of PPARγ and C/EBPα in KT treated differentiated adipocytes indicates augmentation of adipogenesis in a concentration-dependent manner. Additionally, at cellular level, KT upregulated the expression of DAGT1, and decreases fatty acid synthase (FAS), and lipoprotein lipase (LPL), further affirmed improvement in lipid milieu. It was also observed that KT upregulated the levels of adiponectin and reduced TNFα expression, thus improving the secretory functions of adipocytes along with enhanced insulin sensitivity. Furthermore, KT significantly promoted insulin mediated glucose uptake by increasing glut4 translocation to the membrane via PI3/Akt signaling cascade. The results were further validated using PI3K specific inhibitor, wortmannin and findings revealed that KT treatment significantly enhanced the expression and activation of p-PI3K/PI3K and p-Akt/Akt even in case of treatment with PI3K inhibitor wortmannin alone and co-treatment with KT in differentiated adipocytes and affirmed that KT as activator of PI3K/Akt axis in the presence of inhibitor as well. CONCLUSION Collectively, KT fraction of PKE showed anti-diabetic effects by enhancing glucose uptake in differentiated adipocytes via activation of PI3K/Akt signaling cascade. Therefore, KT may be used as a promising novel natural therapeutic agent for managing T2DMand to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report, showing the efficacy and potential molecular mechanism of KT in enhancing insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake in differentiated adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajal Sinha
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, 176061 H.P., India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Shiv Kumar
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, 176061 H.P., India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Bindu Rawat
- Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, 176061 HP., India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Rahul Singh
- Structural Bioinformatics Lab, Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, 176061 H.P., India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Rituraj Purohit
- Structural Bioinformatics Lab, Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, 176061 H.P., India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, 176061 HP., India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Yogendra Padwad
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, 176061 H.P., India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India.
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de Sousa Melo SR, Dos Santos LR, da Cunha Soares T, Cardoso BEP, da Silva Dias TM, Morais JBS, de Paiva Sousa M, de Sousa TGV, da Silva NC, da Silva LD, Cruz KJC, do Nascimento Marreiro D. Participation of Magnesium in the Secretion and Signaling Pathways of Insulin: an Updated Review. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:3545-3553. [PMID: 35666386 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02966-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have demonstrated the participation of various minerals in mechanisms involving insulin. Magnesium, in particular, plays an important role in the secretion and action of this hormone. Therefore, this review aimed to examine the latest insights into the biochemical and molecular aspects of the participation of magnesium in insulin sensitivity. Magnesium plays a vital role in the activity of intracellular proteins involved in insulin secretion in β-pancreatic cells, such as glucokinase, ATPase, and protein kinase C. In addition, evidence suggests that this mineral participates directly in insulin sensitivity and signaling in peripheral tissues, acting in the phosphorylation of the receptor tyrosine kinase and the insulin receptor substrates 1, insulin receptor substrates 2, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, and protein kinase B, and indirectly by reducing oxidative stress and chronic low-grade inflammation, which also lead to insulin resistance. Thus, magnesium deficiency is associated with glucose intolerance, while magnesium supplementation stimulates insulin secretion in pancreatic cells and improves insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues. However, studies must consider assess short- and long-term nutritional status of mineral before performing intervention, the relevance of the balance of other nutrients that influence hormone secretion and sensibility, and health status of the assessed population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Loanne Rocha Dos Santos
- Graduate Program in Food and Nutrition, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina (Piauí), Brasil
| | - Tamires da Cunha Soares
- Graduate Program in Food and Nutrition, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina (Piauí), Brasil
| | | | | | | | - Mickael de Paiva Sousa
- Graduate Program in Food and Nutrition, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina (Piauí), Brasil
| | | | | | | | - Kyria Jayanne Clímaco Cruz
- Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Piauí, Rua Hugo Napoleão, 665, Ed. Palazzo Reale, Apto 2001, Jockey, CEP 64048-320, Teresina, Piauí, Brasil
| | - Dilina do Nascimento Marreiro
- Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Piauí, Rua Hugo Napoleão, 665, Ed. Palazzo Reale, Apto 2001, Jockey, CEP 64048-320, Teresina, Piauí, Brasil.
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Gong Z, Qin Y, Wang Y, Liu X, Jiang L, Cui D, Zhang M. β-cell function and insulin sensitivity contributions on incident diabetes in patients with endogenous Cushing's syndrome. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2022; 190:109994. [PMID: 35843312 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2022.109994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the relative contributions of β-cell function and insulin sensitivity on the deterioration of glucose tolerance from OGTT in patients with endogenous CS. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the data of 60 patients with CS and determined the glucose metabolism and β-cell function through OGTT. Their general characteristics were retrieved. A series of parameters for assessing insulin sensitivity and β-cell function was calculated. The logistic regression model was used to investigate insulin sensitivity and β-cell function contributions on incident diabetes. RESULTS Of the 60 patients with CS, 10 (16.7%), 21 (35%), and 29 (48.3%) were classified as CS/ normal glucose tolerance (NGT), CS/prediabetes, and CS/diabetes mellitus (DM). Compared with the HCs, the CS/NGT patients had higher HOMA-IR and lower ISI-Matsuda but with a compensatory increase in HOMA-β. Significant decreasing trends were observed in HOMA-β, AUCI/G and ΔI30/ΔG30 among CS/NGT, CS/prediabetes and CD/DM groups. The OR of incident diabetes compared with the high AUCI/G/high ISI group was significant in the low AUCI/G/high ISI group. CONCLUSION Impairment of the β-cell function had a more profound effect on incident diabetes than decreased insulin sensitivity. An approach based on an OGTT has utility for diagnosing dysglycaemia and β-cell dysfunction in patients with CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziye Gong
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yao Qin
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yucheng Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xiaoyun Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Lin Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Dai Cui
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China.
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Suppasit P, Vilaiyuk S, Poomthavorn P, Pongratanakul S, Khlairit P, Mahachoklertwattana P. Glucose metabolism in systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2022; 20:55. [PMID: 35906625 PMCID: PMC9335468 DOI: 10.1186/s12969-022-00714-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SJIA) is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease in children. Overproduction of inflammatory cytokines in SJIA resembles that in adult onset Still disease. Chronic inflammation causes insulin resistance and consequently leading to abnormal glucose metabolism. Adults with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have increased risks of abnormal glucose metabolism and diabetes. To date, glucose metabolism in patients with SJIA has not been elucidated. METHODS Patients with SJIA aged 4-25 years were recruited. All patients underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Indices of insulin sensitivity [homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and whole-body insulin sensitivity index (WBISI)] and β-cell function [insulinogenic index (IGI) and disposition index (DI)] were calculated. Obese children with normoglycemia who underwent the OGTT were served as a control group. RESULTS A total of 39 patients with SJIA, aged 4-25 years, median (IQR) BMI SDS was 0.1 (-0.5 to 1.7). Patients were divided into 2 groups, overweight/obese (OW/OB) (n = 11) and lean (n = 28). Only one obese patient had prediabetes and none had diabetes. In comparison with sex- and age-matched OW/OB controls (n = 33), OW/OB patients with SJIA had higher insulin resistance [median (IQR) HOMA-IR: 2.6 (2.1-3.3) vs 1.5 (0.8-2.0), p = 0.001], lower insulin sensitivity [median (IQR) WBISI: 3.7 (2.7-5.9) vs 5.4 (4.5-8.7), p = 0.024], and higher insulin secretion [median (IQR) IGI: 2.5 (2.0-3.5) vs 1.0 (0.8-1.9), p = 0.001]. In lean patients with SJIA, insulin sensitivity indices seemed to be comparable with those of lean controls. CONCLUSIONS Overweight/obese children with SJIA seemed to have increased insulin resistance and thus may have an increased risk for developing diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Papatsorn Suppasit
- grid.10223.320000 0004 1937 0490Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, 270 Rama VI Road, Bangkok, 10400 Thailand
| | - Soamarat Vilaiyuk
- grid.10223.320000 0004 1937 0490Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, 270 Rama VI Road, Bangkok, 10400 Thailand
| | - Preamrudee Poomthavorn
- grid.10223.320000 0004 1937 0490Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, 270 Rama VI Road, Bangkok, 10400 Thailand
| | - Sarunyu Pongratanakul
- grid.10223.320000 0004 1937 0490Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, 270 Rama VI Road, Bangkok, 10400 Thailand
| | - Patcharin Khlairit
- grid.10223.320000 0004 1937 0490Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, 270 Rama VI Road, Bangkok, 10400 Thailand
| | - Pat Mahachoklertwattana
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, 270 Rama VI Road, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
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Stefanovski D, Robinson MA, Van Eps A. Effect of a GLP-1 mimetic on the insulin response to oral sugar testing in horses. BMC Vet Res 2022; 18:294. [PMID: 35906619 PMCID: PMC9336084 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-022-03394-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin dysregulation (ID) is the most important risk factor for the development of laminitis in horses and therapies to control it are needed. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of a single dose of the synthetic GLP-1 analog exenatide on postprandial insulin dynamics. We hypothesized that exenatide would improve insulin sensitivity and lower postprandial blood insulin concentrations. STUDY DESIGN Randomized, crossover, experimental study. ANIMALS Six horses (3 mares, 3 geldings; 2 with normal insulin regulation [NIR] and 4 with mild ID). METHODS Horses completed both study arms: subcutaneous administration of exenatide (or no treatment) 30 min before an oral sugar test (0.15 ml/kg of Karo Syrup). Blood samples obtained over 240 min were assayed for glucose, insulin, lactate, c-peptide and total GLP-1. The area under the curve (AUC) was calculated using the trapezoidal rule. Insulin sensitivity (SI) was estimated using a mathematical model. RESULTS Exenatide resulted in a postprandial decrease of 20% (effect size: 2673 µU·min/ml; 95% CI: 900 - 4446 µU·min/ml; P = 0.003) in AUC of plasma insulin (control; mean AUC insulin: 11,989 µU·min/ml; 95% CI: 9673 - 14,305 µU·min/ml, exenatide; mean AUC insulin: 9316 µU·min/ml; 95% CI: 7430 - 11,202 µU·min/ml). Exenatide resulted in an approximately threefold increase (effect size: 5.56 10-4· µU/ml-1·min-1; 95% CI: 0.95 - 10.1 10-4· µU/ml-1·min-1; P = 0.02) in estimated insulin sensitivity (control mean SI: 1.93 10-4· µU/ml-1·min-1; 95% CI: 0.005 - 3.86 10-4·µU/ml-1·min-1 vs. exenatide mean SI: 7.49 10-4· µU/ml-1·min-1; 95% CI: 3.46 - 11.52 10-4· µU/ml-1·min-1). CONCLUSIONS The decrease in insulin response to carbohydrates was due to an increase in whole-body insulin sensitivity. GLP-1 agonists may have therapeutic potential for ID in horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darko Stefanovski
- Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, New Bolton Center Campus, 382 West Street Road, Kennett Square, PA, 19348, USA.
| | - Mary A Robinson
- Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, New Bolton Center Campus, 382 West Street Road, Kennett Square, PA, 19348, USA.,PA Equine Toxicology & Research Laboratory, 220 East Rosedale Avenue, West Chester, PA, 19382, USA
| | - Andrew Van Eps
- Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, New Bolton Center Campus, 382 West Street Road, Kennett Square, PA, 19348, USA
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Li L, Soll D, Leupelt V, Spranger J, Mai K. Weight loss-induced improvement of body weight and insulin sensitivity is not amplified by a subsequent 12-month weight maintenance intervention but is predicted by adaption of adipose atrial natriuretic peptide system: 48-month results of a randomized controlled trial. BMC Med 2022; 20:238. [PMID: 35897098 PMCID: PMC9330651 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-022-02435-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Behavioral weight loss interventions are frequently hampered by long-term inefficacy. As metabolic improvements and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) are diminished by weight regain, effective long-term strategies are highly desirable. We aimed to analyze whether an additional weight maintenance intervention could delay body weight regain and can induce a long-term improvement of metabolism and HRQoL for up to 48 months in humans. Given the short-term metabolic effects of natriuretic peptides (NP), we also investigated the role of the adipose atrial NP (ANP) system in this long-term context. METHODS After a successful 12-week weight reduction program 143 subjects (age>18; BMI≥27 kg/m2) were randomized (1:1) to a control group or a 12-month multimodal weight maintenance intervention focusing on nutritional counseling and physical exercises. Secondary trial outcomes including course of BMI, HOMA-IR, glucose response after oGTT (glucoseAUC), and HRQoL (SF-36) were analyzed yearly for 48 months. Adipose ANP receptor mRNA expression was analyzed during weight loss. RESULTS Initial weight loss (- 4.7±1.5 kg/m2) improved glucoseAUC, HOMA-IR, and HRQoL. Although BMI was still reduced after 48 months (-1.98 [95% CI -2.61, -1.35] kg/m2), benefits on HOMA-IR, glucoseAUC, and mental health disappeared after 36 (-0.49 [-1.00, 0.02]), 18 (0.61 [-9.57, 10.79] mg dl-1 min-1), and 18 months (2.06 [-0.08, 4.20]), respectively, while improved physical health persisted up to months 48 (2.95 [0.49, 5.40]). Weight maintenance intervention inhibited weight regain and delayed impairment of HOMA-IR and glucoseAUC (but not HRQoL) for up to 12 months. However, no metabolic long-term effect was seen beyond the intervention period. Lower adipose NPR-C and higher NPR-A mRNA expression after weight loss predicted smaller regain of weight (r=0.398; p<0.05)/fat mass (FM) (r=0.391; p<0.05) and longer improvement of HOMA-IR (r=-0.422; p<0.05), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Additional benefits of a behavioral 12-month weight maintenance intervention after weight loss regarding body weight regain and metabolic improvement does not persist beyond the intervention period. However, weight loss-induced modulation of the adipose ANP system is probably involved in the long-term control of body weight regain and insulin sensitivity. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00850629 . Registered on February 25, 2009.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linna Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany.,Charité-Center for Cardiovascular Research (CCR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Dominik Soll
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany.,Charité-Center for Cardiovascular Research (CCR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Verena Leupelt
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany.,Charité-Center for Cardiovascular Research (CCR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim Spranger
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany.,Charité-Center for Cardiovascular Research (CCR), Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Knut Mai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany. .,Charité-Center for Cardiovascular Research (CCR), Berlin, Germany. .,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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Rast IT, Zini E, Wolfrum C, Lutz TA, Reusch CE, Salesov E. Effect of tetra-hydroxylated bile acid on size and insulin sensitivity of subcutaneous adipocytes in healthy lean cats. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2022; 80:106722. [PMID: 35366568 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2022.106722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Obesity leads to insulin resistance and is a major risk factor for the development of diabetes mellitus in cats. Prevention of obesity and obesity-induced insulin resistance is difficult, and reliable long-term strategies are currently lacking. Retinoid-related orphan receptor gamma (RORγ) was recently identified as an important transcription factor in the development of large insulin-resistant adipocytes in mice and humans. RORγ negatively affects adipocyte differentiation through expression of its target gene matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP3) and promotes the development of large insulin-resistant adipocytes. Preliminary studies in mice showed that RORγ can be inhibited by its ligand tetra-hydroxylated bile acid (THBA). In the present study, serum THBA levels were determined in healthy and diabetic cats. Moreover, potential side effects and the effects of THBA supplementation on adipocyte size, mRNA expression of RORγ, MMP3, interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor α, adiponectin and leptin in feline subcutaneous adipocytes and insulin sensitivity were investigated in healthy normal weight cats. Thirteen healthy and 13 diabetic cats were used for determination of serum THBA level, and six healthy normal-weight cats were included in a feeding trial. Similar THBA levels were determined in serum of healthy and diabetic cats. Supplementation of 5 mg/kg THBA for 8 wk did not cause any negative effect on feeding behavior, general condition and blood parameters of tested cats. It significantly reduced adipocyte size and mRNA expression of MMP3, interleukin 6, and tumor necrosis factor α in adipocytes, while mRNA expression of adiponectin significantly increased and mRNA expression of RORγ and leptin remained unchanged. Administration of THBA did not influence fasting blood glucose levels or the response of cats to acute insulin administration. Based on these results, THBA is palatable and is considered safe for use in cats. It reduces expression of MMP3 and promotes the development of small adipocytes with increased expression of adiponectin and reduced expression of interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor α. Further studies are recommended to evaluate the effect of THBA on adipocyte size and insulin sensitivity in obese cats.
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Affiliation(s)
- I T Rast
- Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - E Zini
- Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Legnaro (PD), Italy; AniCura Istituto Veterinario Novara, Granozzo con Monticello (NO), Italy
| | - C Wolfrum
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - T A Lutz
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - C E Reusch
- Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - E Salesov
- Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
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Huta-Osiecka A, Wochna K, Stemplewski R, Marciniak K, Podgórski T, Kasprzak Z, Leszczyński P, Nowak A. Influence of Nordic walking with poles with an integrated resistance shock absorber on carbohydrate and lipid metabolic indices and white blood cell subpopulations in postmenopausal women. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13643. [PMID: 35791365 PMCID: PMC9250761 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Regular and individualised physical activities have been shown to prevent adverse changes associated with the aging process. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and white blood cell (WBC) subpopulations in postmenopausal women participating in Nordic walking (NW) training and to compare the use of poles with an integrated resistance shock absorber (RSA) with the use of classic poles. Materials & Methods A total of 23 postmenopausal women participated in a 8-week programme of systematic physical activity between February and April. Before and after the training programme, somatic features and serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, glucose, and insulin, were assessed, as well as lipid profile and WBC count and its specific subpopulations. Results Analysis of differences in somatic features and biochemical indices before and after training in the group of women who used RSA poles showed significant decreases in fat mass content (p < 0.05), insulin (p < 0.05), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (p < 0.05), triglycerides (p < 0.05), total cholesterol (p < 0.05) and monocytes (p ≤ 0.01). In the group of women who used classic poles (NW), there was a significant decrease in WBC (p ≤ 0.01), lymphocytes (p < 0.05), monocytes (p ≤ 0.01) and granulocytes (p < 0.05). Conclusion Increasing the training load through the use of RSA poles resulted in greater changes in carbohydrate and lipid metabolic indices compared to the use of classic NW poles. In turn, the more significant effect on WBC and its specific subpopulations count in the NW, compared to the RSA training programme, may indicate that specificity of training load is an important factor in modifying the immune system response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Huta-Osiecka
- Department of Hygiene, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
| | - Krystian Wochna
- Laboratory of Swimming and Water Lifesaving, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
| | - Rafał Stemplewski
- Department of Physical Activity Sciences and Health Promotion, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Marciniak
- Department of Physical Activity Sciences and Health Promotion, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
| | - Tomasz Podgórski
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Kasprzak
- Department of Hygiene, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
| | - Piotr Leszczyński
- Department of Rheumatology, Rehabilitation and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Alicja Nowak
- Department of Hygiene, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
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Ahonen MA, Höring M, Nguyen VD, Qadri S, Taskinen JH, Nagaraj M, Wabitsch M, Fischer-Posovszky P, Zhou Y, Liebisch G, Haridas PAN, Yki-Järvinen H, Olkkonen VM. Insulin-inducible THRSP maintains mitochondrial function and regulates sphingolipid metabolism in human adipocytes. Mol Med 2022; 28:68. [PMID: 35715726 PMCID: PMC9204892 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00496-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid hormone responsive protein (THRSP) is a lipogenic nuclear protein that is highly expressed in murine adipose tissue, but its role in humans remains unknown. METHODS We characterized the insulin regulation of THRSP in vivo in human adipose tissue biopsies and in vitro in Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome (SGBS) adipocytes. To this end, we measured whole-body insulin sensitivity using the euglycemic insulin clamp technique in 36 subjects [age 40 ± 9 years, body mass index (BMI) 27.3 ± 5.0 kg/m2]. Adipose tissue biopsies were obtained at baseline and after 180 and 360 min of euglycemic hyperinsulinemia for measurement of THRSP mRNA concentrations. To identify functions affected by THRSP, we performed a transcriptomic analysis of THRSP-silenced SGBS adipocytes. Mitochondrial function was assessed by measuring mitochondrial respiration as well as oxidation and uptake of radiolabeled oleate and glucose. Lipid composition in THRSP silencing was studied by lipidomic analysis. RESULTS We found insulin to increase THRSP mRNA expression 5- and 8-fold after 180 and 360 min of in vivo euglycemic hyperinsulinemia. This induction was impaired in insulin-resistant subjects, and THRSP expression was closely correlated with whole-body insulin sensitivity. In vitro, insulin increased both THRSP mRNA and protein concentrations in SGBS adipocytes in a phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-dependent manner. A transcriptomic analysis of THRSP-silenced adipocytes showed alterations in mitochondrial functions and pathways of lipid metabolism, which were corroborated by significantly impaired mitochondrial respiration and fatty acid oxidation. A lipidomic analysis revealed decreased hexosylceramide concentrations, supported by the transcript concentrations of enzymes regulating sphingolipid metabolism. CONCLUSIONS THRSP is regulated by insulin both in vivo in human adipose tissue and in vitro in adipocytes, and its expression is downregulated by insulin resistance. As THRSP silencing decreases mitochondrial respiration and fatty acid oxidation, its downregulation in human adipose tissue could contribute to mitochondrial dysfunction. Furthermore, disturbed sphingolipid metabolism could add to metabolic dysfunction in obese adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Ahonen
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Biomedicum 2U, Tukholmankatu 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland.,Doctoral Programme in Clinical Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marcus Höring
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Van Dien Nguyen
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Sami Qadri
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Biomedicum 2U, Tukholmankatu 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juuso H Taskinen
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Biomedicum 2U, Tukholmankatu 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Meghana Nagaraj
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Biomedicum 2U, Tukholmankatu 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Martin Wabitsch
- Systems Immunity University Research Institute, and Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Pamela Fischer-Posovszky
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - You Zhou
- Systems Immunity University Research Institute, and Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Gerhard Liebisch
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - P A Nidhina Haridas
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Biomedicum 2U, Tukholmankatu 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hannele Yki-Järvinen
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Biomedicum 2U, Tukholmankatu 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Vesa M Olkkonen
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Biomedicum 2U, Tukholmankatu 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland. .,Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Weight loss has multiple beneficial effects on body composition and metabolism, but whether these depend on the rate at which body weight is lost is not clear. We analyzed data from studies in which the same amount of weight loss was induced rapidly or gradually. RECENT FINDINGS Thirteen studies were included in which the same percentage weight loss was achieved at slow or fast rates (range: 0.2 to 3.2 kg/week) by means of dietary calorie restriction, exercise, and bariatric surgery. Faster rates of weight loss may result in more fat-free mass and less fat mass being lost during the dynamic phase of weight reduction compared with slower rates of weight loss, in conjunction with greater declines in resting energy expenditure. However, these differences are attenuated after 2-4 weeks of stabilization at the new, lower body weight, and do not affect the rate and amount of weight regain 9-33 months later (nor the tissue composition of regained weight). Differences in waist circumference, visceral and liver fat contents, resting blood pressure, fasting blood lipid profile, and insulin and adipokine concentrations in response to different rates of weight loss are trivial. The decline in fasting glucose concentration and the improvement in insulin sensitivity after 6-11% weight loss are both greater with rapid than gradual weight loss, but not different after 18-20% weight loss. Changes in body composition and metabolism after losing the same amount of body weight at different rates are largely similar, and occasional differences are likely not meaningful clinically for the long-term management of obesity and cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Fogarasi
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Katherine Gonzalez
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Maria Dalamaga
- Department of Biological Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Faidon Magkos
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
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121
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Jaccard E, Seyssel K, Gouveia A, Vergely C, Baratali L, Gubelmann C, Froissart M, Favrat B, Marques-Vidal P, Tappy L, Waeber G. Effect of acute iron infusion on insulin secretion: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. EClinicalMedicine 2022; 48:101434. [PMID: 35706490 PMCID: PMC9092517 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic exposure to high iron levels increases diabetes risk partly by inducing oxidative stress, but the consequences of acute iron administration on beta cells are unknown. We tested whether the acute administration of iron for the correction of iron deficiency influenced insulin secretion and the production of reactive oxygen species. Methods Single-center, double-blinded, randomized controlled trial conducted between June 2017 and March 2020. 32 women aged 18 to 47 years, displaying symptomatic iron deficiency without anaemia, were recruited from a community setting and randomly allocated (1:1) to a single infusion of 1000 mg intravenous ferric carboxymaltose (iron) or saline (placebo). The primary outcome was the between group mean difference from baseline to day 28 in first and second phase insulin secretion, assessed by a two-step hyperglycaemic clamp. All analyses were performed by intention to treat. This trial was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03191201. Findings Iron infusion did not affect first and second phase insulin release. For first phase, the between group mean difference from baseline to day 28 was 0 μU × 10 min/mL [95% CI, -22 to 22, P = 0.99]. For second phase, it was -5 μUx10min/mL [95% CI, -161 to 151; P = 0.95] at the first plateau of the clamp and -249 μUx10min/mL [95% CI, -635 to 137; P = 0.20] at the second plateau. Iron infusion increased serum ascorbyl/ascorbate ratio, a marker of plasma oxidative stress, at day 14, with restoration of normal ratio at day 28 relative to placebo. Finally, high-sensitive C-reactive protein levels remained similar among groups. Interpretation In iron deficient women without anaemia, intravenous administration of 1000 mg of iron in a single sitting did not impair glucose-induced insulin secretion despite a transient increase in the levels of circulating reactive oxygen species. Funding The Swiss National Science Foundation, University of Lausanne and Leenaards, Raymond-Berger and Placide Nicod Foundations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evrim Jaccard
- Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, rue du Bugnon 46, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland
| | - Kévin Seyssel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, rue du Bugnon 7a, Lausanne 1005, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Gouveia
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health, University of Lausanne, rue du Bugnon 44, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Catherine Vergely
- Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Cerebro-Cardiovascular Diseases (PEC2, EA7460),UFR des Sciences de Santé, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 7 boulevard Jeanne d’ Arc, Dijon 21079, France
| | - Laila Baratali
- Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, rue du Bugnon 46, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland
| | - Cédric Gubelmann
- Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, rue du Bugnon 46, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland
| | - Marc Froissart
- Clinical Research Center, CHUV, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bernard Favrat
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health, University of Lausanne, rue du Bugnon 44, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Marques-Vidal
- Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, rue du Bugnon 46, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland
| | - Luc Tappy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, rue du Bugnon 7a, Lausanne 1005, Switzerland
| | - Gérard Waeber
- Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, rue du Bugnon 46, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland
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Brennan AM, Standley RA, Anthony SJ, Grench KE, Helbling NL, DeLany JP, Cornnell HH, Yi F, Stefanovic-Racic M, Toledo FGS, Coen PM, Carnero EA, Goodpaster BH. Weight Loss and Exercise Differentially Affect Insulin Sensitivity, Body Composition, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, and Muscle Strength in Older Adults With Obesity: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2022; 77:1088-1097. [PMID: 34406407 PMCID: PMC9071425 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glab240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging-related disease risk is exacerbated by obesity and physical inactivity. It is unclear how weight loss and increased activity improve risk in older adults. We aimed to determine the effects of diet-induced weight loss with and without exercise on insulin sensitivity, VO2peak, body composition, and physical function in older obese adults. METHODS Physically inactive older (68.6 ± 4.5 years) obese (body mass index 37.4 ± 4.9 kg/m2) adults were randomized to health education control (HEC; n = 25); diet-induced weight loss (WL; n = 31); or weight loss and exercise (WLEX; n = 28) for 6 months. Insulin sensitivity was measured by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and MRI, strength by isokinetic dynamometry, and VO2peak by graded exercise test. RESULTS WLEX improved (p < .05) peripheral insulin sensitivity (+75 ± 103%) versus HEC (+12 ± 67%); WL (+36 ± 47%) versus HEC did not reach statistical significance. WLEX increased VO2peak (+7 ± 12%) versus WL (-2 ± 24%) and prevented reductions in strength and lean mass induced by WL (p < .05). WLEX decreased abdominal adipose tissue (-16 ± 9%) versus HEC (-3 ± 8%) and intermuscular adipose tissue (-15 ± 13%) versus both HEC (+9 ± 15%) and WL (+2 ± 11%; p < .01). CONCLUSIONS Exercise with weight loss improved insulin sensitivity and VO2peak, decreased ectopic fat, and preserved lean mass and strength. Weight loss alone decreased lean mass and strength. Older adults intending to lose weight should perform regular exercise to promote cardiometabolic and functional benefits, which may not occur with calorie restriction-induced weight loss alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea M Brennan
- AdventHealth, Translational Research Institute, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Robert A Standley
- AdventHealth, Translational Research Institute, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Steven J Anthony
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kory E Grench
- AdventHealth, Translational Research Institute, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Nicole L Helbling
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - James P DeLany
- AdventHealth, Translational Research Institute, Orlando, Florida, USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Fanchao Yi
- AdventHealth, Translational Research Institute, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Maja Stefanovic-Racic
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Frederico G S Toledo
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Paul M Coen
- AdventHealth, Translational Research Institute, Orlando, Florida, USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elvis A Carnero
- AdventHealth, Translational Research Institute, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Bret H Goodpaster
- AdventHealth, Translational Research Institute, Orlando, Florida, USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Zitting KM, Vetrivelan R, Yuan RK, Vujovic N, Wang W, Bandaru SS, Quan SF, Klerman EB, Scheer FAJL, Buxton OM, Williams JS, Duffy JF, Saper CB, Czeisler CA. Chronic circadian disruption on a high-fat diet impairs glucose tolerance. Metabolism 2022; 130:155158. [PMID: 35150732 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nearly 14% of Americans experience chronic circadian disruption due to shift work, increasing their risk of obesity, diabetes, and other cardiometabolic disorders. These disorders are also exacerbated by modern eating habits such as frequent snacking and consumption of high-fat foods. METHODS We investigated the effects of recurrent circadian disruption (RCD) on glucose metabolism in C57BL/6 mice and in human participants exposed to non-24-h light-dark (LD) schedules vs. those on standard 24-h LD schedules. These LD schedules were designed to induce circadian misalignment between behaviors including rest/activity and fasting/eating with the output of the near-24-h central circadian pacemaker, while minimizing sleep loss, and were maintained for 12 weeks in mice and 3 weeks in humans. We examined interactions of these circadian-disrupted schedules compared to control 24-h schedules with a lower-fat diet (LFD, 13% in mouse and 25-27% in humans) and high-fat diet (HFD, 45% in mouse and 45-50% in humans). We also used young vs. older mice to determine whether they would respond differently to RCD. RESULTS When combined with a HFD, we found that RCD caused significant weight gain in mice and increased body fat in humans, and significantly impaired glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in both mice and humans, but this did not occur when RCD was combined with a LFD. This effect was similar in both young and older mice. CONCLUSION These results in both humans and a model organism indicate that circadian disruption has an adverse effect on metabolism among individuals eating a high-fat Western-style diet, even in the absence of significant sleep loss, and suggest that reducing dietary fat may protect against the metabolic consequences of a lifestyle (such as shift work) that involves chronic circadian disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsi-Marja Zitting
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ramalingam Vetrivelan
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Neurology, Program in Neuroscience and Division of Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Robin K Yuan
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nina Vujovic
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sathyajit S Bandaru
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Neurology, Program in Neuroscience and Division of Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Stuart F Quan
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Elizabeth B Klerman
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Frank A J L Scheer
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Orfeu M Buxton
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biobehavioral Health, University Park PA 16802, USA
| | - Jonathan S Williams
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jeanne F Duffy
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Clifford B Saper
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Neurology, Program in Neuroscience and Division of Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Charles A Czeisler
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Manickam R, Tur J, Badole SL, Chapalamadugu KC, Sinha P, Wang Z, Russ DW, Brotto M, Tipparaju SM. Nampt activator P7C3 ameliorates diabetes and improves skeletal muscle function modulating cell metabolism and lipid mediators. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2022; 13:1177-1196. [PMID: 35060352 PMCID: PMC8977983 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt), a key enzyme in NAD salvage pathway is decreased in metabolic diseases, and its precise role in skeletal muscle function is not known. We tested the hypothesis, Nampt activation by P7C3 (3,6-dibromo-α-[(phenylamino)methyl]-9H-carbazol-9-ethanol) ameliorates diabetes and muscle function. METHODS We assessed the functional, morphometric, biochemical, and molecular effects of P7C3 treatment in skeletal muscle of type 2 diabetic (db/db) mice. Nampt+/- mice were utilized to test the specificity of P7C3. RESULTS Insulin resistance increased 1.6-fold in diabetic mice compared with wild-type mice and after 4 weeks treatment with P7C3 rescued diabetes (P < 0.05). In the db-P7C3 mice fasting blood glucose levels decreased to 0.96-fold compared with C57Bl/6J wild-type naïve control mice. The insulin and glucose tolerance tests blood glucose levels were decreased to 0.6-fold and 0.54-folds, respectively, at 120 min along with an increase in insulin secretion (1.76-fold) and pancreatic β-cells (3.92-fold) in db-P7C3 mice. The fore-limb and hind-limb grip strengths were increased to 1.13-fold and 1.17-fold, respectively, together with a 14.2-fold increase in voluntary running wheel distance in db-P7C3 mice. P7C3 treatment resulted in a 1.4-fold and 7.1-fold increase in medium-sized and larger-sized myofibres cross-sectional area, with a concomitant 0.5-fold decrease in smaller-sized myofibres of tibialis anterior (TA) muscle. The transmission electron microscopy images also displayed a 1.67-fold increase in myofibre diameter of extensor digitorum longus muscle along with 2.9-fold decrease in mitochondrial area in db-P7C3 mice compared with db-Veh mice. The number of SDH positive myofibres were increased to 1.74-fold in db-P7C3 TA muscles. The gastrocnemius and TA muscles displayed a decrease in slow oxidative myosin heavy chain type1 (MyHC1) myofibres expression (0.46-fold) and immunostaining (6.4-fold), respectively. qPCR analysis displayed a 2.9-fold and 1.3-fold increase in Pdk4 and Cpt1, and 0.55-fold and 0.59-fold decrease in Fgf21 and 16S in db-P7C3 mice. There was also a 3.3-fold and 1.9-fold increase in Fabp1 and CD36 in db-Veh mice. RNA-seq differential gene expression volcano plot displayed 1415 genes to be up-regulated and 1726 genes down-regulated (P < 0.05) in db-P7C3 mice. There was 1.02-fold increase in serum HDL, and 0.9-fold decrease in low-density lipoprotein/very low-density lipoprotein ratio in db-P7C3 mice. Lipid profiling of gastrocnemius muscle displayed a decrease in inflammatory lipid mediators n-6; AA (0.83-fold), and n-3; DHA (0.69-fold) and EPA (0.81-fold), and a 0.66-fold decrease in endocannabinoid 2-AG and 2.0-fold increase in AEA in db-P7C3 mice. CONCLUSIONS Overall, we demonstrate that P7C3 activates Nampt, improves type 2 diabetes and skeletal muscle function in db/db mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravikumar Manickam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jared Tur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Sachin L Badole
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Kalyan C Chapalamadugu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Puja Sinha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Zhiying Wang
- Bone-Muscle Research Center, College of Nursing & Health Innovation, University of Texas-Arlington (UTA), Arlington, TX, USA
| | - David W Russ
- School of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Marco Brotto
- Bone-Muscle Research Center, College of Nursing & Health Innovation, University of Texas-Arlington (UTA), Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Srinivas M Tipparaju
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
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Sato Y, Isojima T, Takamiya K, Motoyama K, Enkai S, Ogawa E, Kodama H, Yorifuji T, Mimaki M. Longitudinal Glycaemic Profiles during Remission in 6q24-Related Transient Neonatal Diabetes Mellitus. Horm Res Paediatr 2022; 94:229-234. [PMID: 34348302 DOI: 10.1159/000518617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Transient neonatal diabetes mellitus (TNDM) is a rare condition that is characterized by the presence of diabetes mellitus during the first 6 months of life and remission by 18 months of age. It usually relapses at a median age of 14 years. Hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia is a relatively common complication during remission. Although β-cell function is reported to be impaired at relapse, the clinical course of glycaemic profiles during remission in patients with TNDM remains largely unknown. CASE PRESENTATION Longitudinal glycaemic profiles were investigated annually from remission (185 days) to relapse (14.5 years) in a patient with TNDM due to paternal 6q24 duplication using the oral glucose tolerance test (glucose intake: 1.75 g/kg to a maximum of 75 g). The patient's β-cell function and insulin sensitivity were assessed by calculating the insulinogenic index, homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-β), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), quantitative insulin sensitivity check index, and Matsuda index. Early insulin response to glucose intake was impaired throughout remission, whereas fasting insulin and β-cell function by HOMA-β gradually increased in the first few years since remission, followed by a gradual decline in function. In contrast, HOMA-IR fluctuated and peaked at 6.5 years of age. CONCLUSION This is the first report of annual longitudinal glycaemic profiles in a patient with 6q24-related TNDM during remission. We identified fluctuations in β-cell function and insulin resistance during remission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Sato
- Department of Pediatrics, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Isojima
- Department of Pediatrics, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyomi Takamiya
- Department of Pediatrics, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kahoko Motoyama
- Department of Pediatrics, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigehiro Enkai
- Department of Pediatrics, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eishin Ogawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Minatocho Kodomo Clinic, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Hiroko Kodama
- Department of Pediatrics, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, Teikyo Heisei University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tohru Yorifuji
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masakazu Mimaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Soll D, Gawron J, Pletsch-Borba L, Spranger J, Mai K. Long-term impact of the metabolic status on weight loss-induced health benefits. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2022; 19:25. [PMID: 35346256 PMCID: PMC8962471 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-022-00660-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background While short-term effects of weight loss on quality of life and metabolic aspects appear to be different in metabolically healthy (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO), respective long-term data is still missing. Given the high relevance of long-term changes, we aimed to address these in this post-hoc analysis of the MAINTAIN trial. Methods We analyzed 143 overweight/obese subjects (BMI ≥ 27 kg/m2, age ≥ 18 years) before and after a 3-month weight loss program (≥ 8% weight loss), after a 12-month period of a randomized weight maintenance intervention (n = 121), and after another 6 months without intervention (n = 112). Subjects were retrospectively grouped into MHO and MUO by the presence of metabolic syndrome and secondarily by estimates of insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IR and ISIClamp). Quality of life (QoL), blood pressure, lipids, HOMA-IR, and ISIClamp were assessed and evaluated using mixed model analyses. Results Despite similar short- and long-term weight loss, weight loss-induced improvement of HOMA-IR was more pronounced in MUO than MHO after 3 months (MHO: 2.4[95%-CI: 1.9–2.9] vs. 1.6[1.1–2.1], p = 0.004; MUO: 3.6[3.2–4.0] vs. 2.0[1.6–2.4], p < 0.001; p = 0.03 for inter-group comparison). After 21 months, the beneficial effect was no longer seen in MHO (2.0[1.5–2.6], p = 1.0), while it remained partially preserved in MUO (2.9[2.4–3.3], p = 0.002). QueryShort-term improvements of lipid parameters were similar in both groups. However, long-term improvements of HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides were only seen in MUO (44.4[41.5–47.4] vs. 49.3[46.2, 52.3] mg/dl, p < 0.001; 176.8[158.9–194.8] vs. 138.8[119.4–158.3] mg/dl, p < 0.001, respectively) but not in MHO. Weight loss-induced improvements in the QoL and particularly the physical health status were maintained in MUO until the end of the trial, while benefits disappeared over time in MHO. Group allocation by HOMA-IR and ISIClamp revealed higher benefits for MUO mainly in parameters of the glucose metabolism and QoL. Conclusions Our data demonstrates stronger and longer-lasting improvements of metabolism and QoL in MUO after weight loss. Trial registration (ClinicalTrials.gov): NCT00850629. Registered 25 February 2009, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00850629. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12986-022-00660-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Soll
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Chariteplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Gawron
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Chariteplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Laura Pletsch-Borba
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Chariteplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.,NutriAct-Competence Cluster Nutrition Research Berlin-Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Joachim Spranger
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Chariteplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.,Charité Center for Cardiovascular Research, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,NutriAct-Competence Cluster Nutrition Research Berlin-Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Knut Mai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Chariteplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany. .,Charité Center for Cardiovascular Research, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany. .,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany. .,NutriAct-Competence Cluster Nutrition Research Berlin-Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany.
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Stewart NR, Heiston EM, Miller SL, Ballantyne AC, Cheema US, Spaeth AM, Kokkinos P, Malin SK. Role of Blood Pressure Responses to Exercise and Vascular Insulin Sensitivity with Nocturnal Blood Pressure Dipping in Metabolic Syndrome. J Vasc Res 2022; 59:151-162. [PMID: 35272284 PMCID: PMC10848781 DOI: 10.1159/000522063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nocturnal systolic blood pressure (SBP) dipping is independently related to cardiovascular disease risk, but it is unclear if vascular insulin sensitivity associates with SBP dipping in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS). METHODS Eighteen adults with MetS (ATP III criteria 3.3 ± 0.6; 53.2 ± 6.5 years; body mass index 35.8 ± 4.5 kg/m2) were categorized as "dippers" (≥10% change in SBP; n = 4 F/3 M) or "non-dippers" (<10%; n = 9 F/2 M). Twenty-four-hour ambulatory blood pressure was recorded to assess SBP dipping. A euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp (40 mU/m2/min, 90 mg/dL) with ultrasound (flow mediated dilation) was performed to test vascular insulin sensitivity. A graded, incremental exercise test was conducted to estimate sympathetic activity. Heart rate (HR) recovery after exercise was then used to determine parasympathetic activity. Metabolic panels and body composition (DXA) were also tested. RESULTS Dippers had greater drops in SBP (16.63 ± 5.2 vs. 1.83 ± 5.6%, p < 0.01) and experienced an attenuated rise in both SBPslope (4.7 ± 2.3 vs. 7.2 ± 2.5 mm Hg/min, p = 0.05) and HRslope to the incremental exercise test compared to non-dippers (6.5 ± 0.9 vs. 8.2 ± 1.7 bpm/min, p = 0.03). SBP dipping correlated with higher insulin-stimulated flow-mediated dilation (r = 0.52, p = 0.03), although the relationship was no longer significant after covarying for HRslope (r = 0.42, p = 0.09). CONCLUSION Attenuated rises in blood pressure and HR to exercise appear to play a larger role than vascular insulin sensitivity in SBP dipping in adults with MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan R. Stewart
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick NJ, USA
| | - Emily M. Heiston
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville VA, USA
- Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond VA, USA
| | | | - Anna C. Ballantyne
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville VA, USA
| | - Udeyvir S. Cheema
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville VA, USA
| | - Andrea M. Spaeth
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick NJ, USA
| | - Peter Kokkinos
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick NJ, USA
| | - Steven K. Malin
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick NJ, USA
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville VA, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition, Rutgers University, New Brunswick NJ, USA
- Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond VA, USA
- New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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Abstract
Bariatric surgery determines a rearrangement of the gastrointestinal tract that influences nutrient handling and plays a role in the metabolic changes observed after surgery. Most of the changes depend on the accelerated gastric emptying observed in Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and, to a lesser extent, in sleeve gastrectomy (SG). The rapid delivery of meal into the jejunum, particularly after RYGB, contributes to the prompt appearance of glucose in peripheral circulation. Glucose increase is the principal determinant of GLP-1 increase with the consequent stimulation of insulin secretion, the latter balanced by a paradoxical glucagon increase that stimulates EGP to prevent hypoglycaemia. Protein digestion and amino acid absorption appear accelerated after RYGB but not after SG. After RYGB, the adaptation of the gut to the new condition participates to the metabolic change. The intestinal transit is delayed, the gut microbioma is changed, the epithelium becomes hypertrophic and increases the expression of glucose transporter and of the number of cell secreting hormones. These changes are not observed after SG. After RYGB-less after SG-bile acids (BA) increase, influencing glucose metabolism probably modulating FXR and TGR5 with an effect on insulin sensitivity. Muscle, hepatic and adipose tissue insulin sensitivity improve, and the gut reinforces the recovery of IS by enhancing glucose uptake and through the effect of the BA. The intestinal changes observed after RYGB result in a light malabsorption of lipid but not of carbohydrate and protein. In conclusion, functional and morphological adaptations of the gut after RYGB and SG activate inter-organs cross-talk that modulates the metabolic changes observed after surgery.Level of evidence Level V, narrative literature review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Camastra
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma, 67, 56126, Pisa, Italy. .,Interdepartmental Research Center "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Maria Palumbo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma, 67, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ferruccio Santini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma, 67, 56126, Pisa, Italy.,Interdepartmental Research Center "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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129
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Dai H, Fu Q, Xu K, Sun M, Kasyanju SM, Shi Y, Yang T. Constructing a metabolic integral score model for the quantification of metabolic dysfunction and tendency. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 32:658-665. [PMID: 35109997 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The binary nature of metabolic syndrome (MetS) cannot quantitatively describe the severity of metabolic abnormalities. We aim to establish a metabolic integral score (MIS) model to quantify the severity and polarity of metabolic disorders and their relationship with insulin sensitivity and secretion. METHODS AND RESULTS We performed factor analysis on 9950 participants from a cross-sectional study conducted in China. The MIS model was established using 10 variables including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, hip circumference, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting and 2-h plasma glucose (FPG, 2h-PG), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and triglyceride (TG) levels. Four common factors were identified as "glucose factor," "obesity factor," "blood pressure factor," and "lipid factor," respectively, in MIS model (KMO = 0.755, P < 0.001). MIS = 0.433 × Factor 1 + 0.267 × Factor 2 + 0.172 × Factor 3 + 0.128 × Factor 4. Insulin sensitivity and β-cell function decreased with the increase of MIS (P < 0.001). We classified four metabolic tendencies according to factor quartiles. Individuals in Tendency 1 (severe hyperglycemia) had the worst β-cell function. Tendency 3 (severe hypertension) had the best insulin sensitivity. Tendency 4 (severe dyslipidemia) had preferable β-cell function (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our MIS model provides a quantitative scoring system to assess various patterns of metabolic abnormality that indicate different underlying pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Dai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Qi Fu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Kuanfeng Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Min Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Sania M Kasyanju
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Yun Shi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, PR China.
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130
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Bódis K, Knebel B, Nowotny B, Bobrov P, Kupriyanova Y, Zaharia OP, Karusheva Y, Schön M, Wolkersdorfer M, Burkart V, Al-Hasani H, Markgraf D, Müssig K, Roden M, Szendroedi J. Hepatic energy metabolism in a family with a glucokinase gene mutation and dysglycemia. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2022; 185:109779. [PMID: 35176401 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2022.109779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Carriers heterozygous for the D124N (c.370, GAC > AAC in exon 4) variant of GCK not only exhibit reduced insulin-secretion, but also impaired adipose insulin sensitivity, which may shift fatty acids towards the liver. This could contribute to increased hepatic lipid-accumulation and alterations of liver energy metabolism resulting in dysglycemia. ClinicalTrial.gov registration no: NCT01055093.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kálmán Bódis
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Birgit Knebel
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bettina Nowotny
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Pavel Bobrov
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Yuliya Kupriyanova
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Oana-Patricia Zaharia
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Yanislava Karusheva
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin Schön
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | - Volker Burkart
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Hadi Al-Hasani
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Daniel Markgraf
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Karsten Müssig
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Julia Szendroedi
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
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Magkos F, Lee MH, Lim M, Cook AR, Chhay V, Loh TP, Chia KS, Baig S, Ang IYH, Tay JYY, Khoo CM, Halter JB, Toh SA. Dynamic assessment of insulin secretion and insulin resistance in Asians with prediabetes. Metabolism 2022; 128:154957. [PMID: 34942192 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2021.154957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Prediabetes and type 2 diabetes are highly prevalent in Asia. Understanding the pathophysiology of abnormal glucose homeostasis in Asians will have important implications for reducing disease burden, but there have been conflicting reports on the relative contributions of insulin secretion and action in disease progression. In this study, we aimed to assess the contribution of β-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance in the Asian prediabetes phenotype. METHODS We recruited 1679 Asians with prediabetes (n = 659) or normoglycemia (n = 1020) from a multi-ethnic population in Singapore. Participants underwent an oral glucose tolerance test, an intravenous glucose challenge, and a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp procedure to determine glucose tolerance, β-cell responsivity, insulin secretion, insulin clearance and insulin sensitivity. RESULTS Participants with prediabetes had significantly higher glucose concentrations in the fasting state and after glucose ingestion than did normoglycemic participants. Insulin sensitivity (M/I ratio) was ~15% lower, acute insulin response (AIR) to intravenous glucose and β-cell responsivity to oral glucose were ~35% lower, but total insulin secretion rate in the fasting state and after glucose ingestion was ~10% greater in prediabetic than in normoglycemic participants. The decrease in β-cell function with worsening glucose homeostasis in Asians with prediabetes was associated with progressively greater defects in AIR rather than M/I. However, analysis using static surrogate measures (HOMA indices) of insulin resistance and β-cell function revealed a different pattern. CONCLUSIONS Lower AIR to intravenous glucose and β-cell responsivity to oral glucose, on a background of mild insulin resistance, are the major contributors to the dysregulation of glucose homeostasis in Asians with prediabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faidon Magkos
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michelle H Lee
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Maybritte Lim
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Alex R Cook
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Vanna Chhay
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tze Ping Loh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Kee Seng Chia
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Sonia Baig
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ian Yi Han Ang
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | | | - Chin Meng Khoo
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Jeffrey B Halter
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Division of Geriatric and Palliative Medicine, University of Michigan, USA
| | - Sue-Anne Toh
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; NOVI Health, Singapore; Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore; Regional Health System Office, National University Health System, Singapore; Singapore Population HEalth ImpRovement Centre (SPHERiC), National University Health System, Singapore.
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132
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Serra CA, dos Reis AF, Calsa B, Bueno CS, Helaehil JV, de Souza SAR, de Oliveira CA, Vanzella EC, do Amaral MEC. Quercetin prevents insulin dysfunction in hypertensive animals. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2022; 21:407-417. [PMID: 35673430 PMCID: PMC9167338 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-022-00987-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Angiotensin II induced increase in hypertension enhances oxidative stress and compromises insulin action and pancreatic function. Quercetin-rich foods are beneficial for hypertensive and diabetic animals owing to their antioxidant function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant effects of quercetin in hypertensive rats on insulin action, signaling, and secretion. Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham, hypertensive rats (H), and hypertensive rats supplemented with quercetin (HQ). After three months of initial hypertension, quercetin was administered at 50 mg/kg/day for 30 days. Our results indicate that hypertension and serum lipid peroxidation levels were reduced by quercetin supplementation. We observed increased insulin sensitivity in adipose tissue, corroborating the insulin tolerance test, HOMA index, and improvements in lipid profile. Despite normal insulin secretion at 2.8 and 20 mM of glucose, animals treated with quercetin exhibited increased number of islets per section; increased protein expression of muscarinic receptor type 3, VEGF, and catalase in islets; and hepatic mRNA levels of Ide were normalized. In conclusion, supplementation with quercetin improved insulin action and prevented pancreatic and metabolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane Alves Serra
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Centro Universitário da Fundação Hermínio Ometto, FHO, Av. Maximiliano Barutto n° 500, Jardim Universitário, Araras, SP 13607-339 Brazil
| | - Alexandre Freire dos Reis
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Centro Universitário da Fundação Hermínio Ometto, FHO, Av. Maximiliano Barutto n° 500, Jardim Universitário, Araras, SP 13607-339 Brazil
| | - Bruno Calsa
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Centro Universitário da Fundação Hermínio Ometto, FHO, Av. Maximiliano Barutto n° 500, Jardim Universitário, Araras, SP 13607-339 Brazil
| | - Cintia Sena Bueno
- Biomedical College, Centro Universitário da Fundação Hermínio Ometto, FHO, Araras, SP Brazil
| | - Júlia Venturini Helaehil
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Centro Universitário da Fundação Hermínio Ometto, FHO, Av. Maximiliano Barutto n° 500, Jardim Universitário, Araras, SP 13607-339 Brazil
| | | | - Camila Andrea de Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Centro Universitário da Fundação Hermínio Ometto, FHO, Av. Maximiliano Barutto n° 500, Jardim Universitário, Araras, SP 13607-339 Brazil
| | - Emerielle Cristine Vanzella
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP Brazil
| | - Maria Esméria Corezola do Amaral
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Centro Universitário da Fundação Hermínio Ometto, FHO, Av. Maximiliano Barutto n° 500, Jardim Universitário, Araras, SP 13607-339 Brazil
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Dai Z, Xue B, Xu L, Feng Z, Wu Z, Qiu Y, Zhu Z. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 is associated with myogenesis in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis possibly via mediation of insulin sensitivity. J Orthop Surg Res 2022; 17:82. [PMID: 35139864 PMCID: PMC8827187 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-022-02978-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Abnormal metabolic features have been previously described in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients. As an important regulator involved in energy metabolism, DPP-4 activity was reported to be remarkably decreased in osteoblasts of AIS patients. To date, there was still a lack of knowledge concerning the role of DPP-4 in the myogenesis of AIS. Methods Circulation DPP-4 level was assessed in the serum of 80 AIS girls and 50 healthy controls by ELISA. Myoblasts were purified from muscle specimens of AIS patients and LDH controls, and then treated with metabolic effectors including glucose and insulin. CCK-8 assay was used to assess the cell viability and myotube fusion index was calculated to evaluate myogenesis ability. Gene expressions of downstream signals of DPP-4 were evaluated by RT-qPCR and Western blot respectively. Results AIS girls had remarkably down-expressed DPP-4 in both serum level (0.76 fold) and tissue (0.68 fold) level. Treatment with metabolic effectors led to significantly increased DPP-4 expression in the control cells, while there was no increase of DPP-4 in AIS cells. CCK-8 assay showed that the proliferation rate of control cells was significantly increased after being treated. Remarkably higher fusion index was also observed in the treated control cells. By contrast, the fusion index and cell proliferation rate were comparable between the treated and the untreated AIS cells. Conclusions Our study suggested a potential role of DPP-4 in abnormal metabolic condition of AIS patients. Compared with control cells, AIS myoblasts presented obviously impaired sensitivity to the treatment of glucose and insulin. Aberrant DPP-4 expression could lead to impaired insulin sensitivity in myoblasts and further influence the cell viability during myogenesis. The molecular mechanism connecting DPP-4 and insulin-related signaling in AIS is worthy of further investigation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13018-022-02978-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Dai
- Department of Spine Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Zhongshan Road 321, Nanjing, 210008, China.,Department of Spine Surgery, Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Bingchuan Xue
- Department of Spine Surgery, Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Leilei Xu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenhua Feng
- Department of Spine Surgery, Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhichong Wu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Qiu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Zhongshan Road 321, Nanjing, 210008, China.,Department of Spine Surgery, Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Zezhang Zhu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Zhongshan Road 321, Nanjing, 210008, China. .,Department of Spine Surgery, Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
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Gallardo-Hernández AG, González-Olvera MA, Castellanos-Fuentes M, Escobar J, Revilla-Monsalve C, Hernandez-Perez AL, Leder R. Minimally-Invasive and Efficient Method to Accurately Fit the Bergman Minimal Model to Diabetes Type 2. Cell Mol Bioeng 2022; 15:267-79. [PMID: 35611162 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-022-00719-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Diabetes mellitus is a global burden that is expected to grow 25 % by 2030. This will increase the need for prevention, diagnosis and treatment of diabetes. Animal and individualized in silico models will allow understanding and compensation for inter and intra-individual differences in treatment and management strategies for diabetic patients. The method presented here can advance the concept of personalized medicine. Methods Twenty experiments were performed with Sprague-Dawley rats with streptozotocin induced experimental diabetes in which the insulin-glucose response curve was recorded over 60-100 min using only an insulin pump and a percutaneous glucose sensor. The information was used to fit the five-parameter Bergman Minimal Model to the experimental results using a genetic algorithm with a root-mean-squared optimization rule. Results The Bergman Minimal Model parameters were estimated with high accuracy, low prediction bias, and low average root-mean-squared error of 15.27 mg/dl glucose. Conclusions This study demonstrates a simple method to accurately parameterize the Bergman Minimal Model. We used Sprague-Dawley rats since their physiology is close to that of humans. The parameters can be used to objectively characterize the physiological severity of diabetes. In this way, planned treatments can compensate for natural variations of conditions both inter and intra patients. Changes in parameters indicate the patient's diabetic condition using values of glucose effectiveness ( S G = p 1 ) and insulin sensitivity ( S I = p 3 / p 2 ). Quantifying the diabetic patient's condition is consistent with the trend toward personalized medicine. Parameter values can also be used to explain atypical research results of other studies and increase understanding of diabetes.
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Tidblad A, Gustafsson J, Marcus C, Ritzén M, Ekström K. Metabolic Effects of Growth Hormone Treatment in Short Prepubertal Children: A Double-Blinded Randomized Clinical Trial. Horm Res Paediatr 2022; 93:519-528. [PMID: 33684919 DOI: 10.1159/000513518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Growth hormone (GH) is a central hormone for regulating linear growth during childhood and also highly involved in the metabolism of lipids, carbohydrates, and protein. However, few studies report on how treatment with GH during childhood influences metabolic parameters. Our aim was to investigate metabolic effects of different doses of GH in short children with GH peak levels in the low to normal range. DESIGN Thirty-five prepubertal short children (<-2.5 SDS), aged 7-10 years, with peak levels of GH between 7 and 14 μg/L during an arginine-insulin tolerance test, were randomized to 3 different doses (11/33/100 μg/kg/day) of GH treatment for 2 years. Auxological and metabolic investigations were performed. These included metabolites in blood and interstitial microdialysis fluid, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test (FSIVGTT), and stable isotope examinations of rates of glucose production and lipolysis. RESULTS At 24 months, the high-dose group (HD) had higher fasting insulin compared with the standard-dose (SD) and low-dose (LD) groups (HD: 111.7 vs. SD: 61.2 and LD: 46.0 pmol/L [p < 0.001]) and showed signs of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR, HD: 4.20 vs. SD: 2.17 and LD: 1.71 (LD) [p < 0.001]). The FSIVGTT also demonstrated higher acute insulin response (p < 0.05). Few other metabolic differences were found at 24 months, but a decreased insulin sensitivity index (Si) could already be seen at 12 months for both SD and HD compared with the LD group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Treatment with GH resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in insulin sensitivity, demonstrated by higher levels of fasting insulin and signs of insulin resistance in both HOMA indices and FSIVGTT examinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Tidblad
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,
| | - Jan Gustafsson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Claude Marcus
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Ritzén
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Klas Ekström
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Camastra S, Ferrannini E. Role of anatomical location, cellular phenotype and perfusion of adipose tissue in intermediary metabolism: A narrative review. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2022; 23:43-50. [PMID: 35031911 PMCID: PMC8873050 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-021-09708-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
It is well-established that adipose tissue accumulation is associated with insulin resistance through multiple mechanisms. One major metabolic link is the classical Randle cycle: enhanced release of free fatty acids (FFA) from hydrolysis of adipose tissue triglycerides impedes insulin-mediated glucose uptake in muscle tissues. Less well studied are the different routes of this communication. First, white adipose tissue depots may be regionally distant from muscle (i.e., gluteal fat and diaphragm muscle) or contiguous to muscle but separated by a fascia (Scarpa's fascia in the abdomen, fascia lata in the thigh). In this case, released FFA outflow through the venous drainage and merge into arterial plasma to be transported to muscle tissues. Next, cytosolic triglycerides can directly, i.e., within the cell, provide FFA to myocytes (but also pancreatic ß-cells, renal tubular cells, etc.). Finally, adipocyte layers or lumps may be adjacent to, but not anatomically segregated, from muscle, as is typically the case for epicardial fat and cardiomyocytes. As regulation of these three main delivery paths is different, their separate contribution to substrate competition at the whole-body level is uncertain. Another important link between fat and muscle is vascular. In the resting state, blood flow is generally higher in adipose tissue than in muscle. In the insulinized state, fat blood flow is directly related to whole-body insulin resistance whereas muscle blood flow is not; consequently, fractional (i.e., flow-adjusted) glucose uptake is stimulated in muscle but not fat. Thus, reduced blood supply is a major factor for the impairment of in vivo insulin-mediated glucose uptake in both subcutaneous and visceral fat. In contrast, the insulin resistance of glucose uptake in resting skeletal muscle is predominantly a cellular defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Camastra
- Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
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137
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Abstract
AIMS The two predominant pathophysiological defects resulting in glucose intolerance are beta-cell dysfunction and insulin insensitivity. This study aimed to re-examine beta-cell function and insulin sensitivity across a continuum from normal glucose tolerance (NGT) to early type 2 diabetes (T2DM) employing highly specific insulin, C-peptide and intact proinsulin assays. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 104 persons with NGT, 85 with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and 554 with newly diagnosed T2DM were investigated. Following an overnight fast, all underwent a 4-h standardised mixed meal tolerance test (MTT), and on a second day, a sub-group underwent a frequently sampled insulin-modified intravenous glucose tolerance test (FSIVGTT) over a 3-h period. The participants were stratified according to fasting glucose and BMI for analysis. RESULTS The MTT revealed that increasing FPG was accompanied by progressively elevated and delayed postprandial glucose peaks. In parallel, following an initial compensatory increase in fasting and postprandial insulin responses there followed a progressive demise in overall beta-cell secretory capacity. FSIVGTT demonstrated a major reduction in the early insulin response to IV glucose in persons with IGT accompanied by a dramatic fall in insulin sensitivity. Beyond pre-diabetes, ever-increasing fasting and postprandial hyperglycaemia resulted predominantly from a progressively decreasing beta-cell secretory function. CONCLUSION This study utilising improved assay technology re-affirms that beta-cell dysfunction is evident throughout the spectrum of glucose intolerance, whereas the predominant fall in insulin sensitivity occurs early in its evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth J Dunseath
- Diabetes Research Group, Grove Building, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK.
| | - Stephen D Luzio
- Diabetes Research Group, Grove Building, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Rajesh Peter
- Diabetes Research Group, Grove Building, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK
| | - David R Owens
- Diabetes Research Group, Grove Building, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK
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138
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Momo AS, Ama Moor VJ, Tankeu AT, Amazia F, Sadeu Wafeu G, Guewo-Fokeng M, Mbono Samba EA, Nkeck JR, Djieka Y, Chemaga Nkonpawa C, Djapa Tofeun F, Guifo S, Dohbit Sama J, Choukem SP. Adiponectin levels and its relation with insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity in a group of sub-Saharan African women with polycystic ovary syndrome. BMC Res Notes 2022; 15:24. [PMID: 35090546 PMCID: PMC8796504 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-021-05878-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Low levels of adiponectin have been reported in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). In sub-Saharan Africa, little data are available on the topic. We aimed to investigate the levels of adiponectin and its relation with insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity in women with PCOS in Yaoundé, Cameroon. A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in 32 women presenting PCOS and 32 controls matched for age and Body Mass Index. For each participant, adiponectin levels were measured. We estimated insulin sensitivity using Homeostasis model index (HOMA-IR) and insulin secretion with C-peptide levels. Results Women with PCOS had higher insulin secretion levels than controls (C-peptide: 4.98 ± 3.83 vs 3.25 ± 1.62 mUI/l; p = 0.02). Also, the HOMA-IR index was higher compared to that of women without PCOS (1.15 ± 0.90 vs 0.77 ± 0.38; p = 0.03) suggesting greater insulin resistance. The median [25th–75th percentile] values of adiponectin concentrations were similar between the two groups (22.68 [21.72–23.41] μg/ml vs 22.03 [21.40–22.93] μg/ml; p = 0.1). There was no association between insulin sensitivity and adiponectin levels in the PCOS group. PCOS is not associated with changes in adiponectin in a population of sub-Saharan African women. Further studies are needed to shed more light on this condition. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13104-021-05878-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Synthia Momo
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Vicky Jocélyne Ama Moor
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.,Laboratory of Biochemistry, University Teaching Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Aurel T Tankeu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Falmata Amazia
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Guy Sadeu Wafeu
- Center for Research on Filariasis and Other Tropical Diseases, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Magellan Guewo-Fokeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Esther Astrid Mbono Samba
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Jan Réné Nkeck
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.,Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Yannick Djieka
- Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Christelle Chemaga Nkonpawa
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Floriane Djapa Tofeun
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Serge Guifo
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Julius Dohbit Sama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Siméon Pierre Choukem
- Health and Human Development Research Network, Douala, Cameroon.,Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon.,Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
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Nag D, Goel A, Padwad Y, Singh D. In Vitro Characterisation Revealed Himalayan Dairy Kluyveromyces marxianus PCH397 as Potential Probiotic with Therapeutic Properties. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2022; 15:761-773. [PMID: 35040023 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-021-09874-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Recently, probiotics have gained much attention for their roles against various clinical conditions. Obesity is a worldwide health problem that triggers various other major complications like type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Earlier, Kluyveromyces marxianus PCH397 isolated from yak (Bos grunniens) milk has been characterised by us for its efficient β-galactosidase-producing ability, an important probiotic property. In the present study, yeast PCH397 has been evaluated for various parameters for its probiotic use. PCH397 exhibited tolerance to GI tract conditions (low pH, pancreatin, pepsin, and bile salts) with 78 to 99% survivability, possessed around 81% cell surface hydrophobicity, and 96% autoaggregation ability. The cell-free extract (CFE) and cell-free supernatant (CFS) from PCH397 improved insulin sensitisation by enhancing 2-NBDG (a glucose analogue) uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, an approach useful in T2D treatment. They also exhibited lower intracellular lipid accumulation, triglyceride storage, and reactive oxygen species in differentiated adipocytes, indicating their anti-adipogenic ability. Also, CFE and intact cells (ICs) exhibited 73.33 ± 1.11% and 34.88 ± 2.80% DPPH radical scavenging activity, respectively. Furthermore, CFS showed a cytotoxic effect on SW-480 colorectal cancer (CRC) cells and induced the cell cycle phase arrest after 24 h of treatment. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that K. marxianus PCH397 could be used as a potential probiotic yeast and presents a therapeutic potential against obesity, T2D, and colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Nag
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176 061, India.,Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143 005, India
| | - Abhishek Goel
- Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176 061, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India
| | - Yogendra Padwad
- Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176 061, India. .,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India.
| | - Dharam Singh
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176 061, India. .,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India.
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Meza CA, Amador M, McAinch AJ, Begum K, Roy S, Bajpeyi S. Eight weeks of combined exercise training do not alter circulating microRNAs-29a, -133a, -133b, and -155 in young, healthy men. Eur J Appl Physiol 2022; 122:921-933. [PMID: 35015112 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-022-04886-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Individuals with a family history of type 2 diabetes (FH +) have an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated as biomarkers of type 2 diabetes risk. Here, we investigated if four circulating miRNAs related to glucose metabolism were altered in men with a FH + and we conducted a preliminary analysis to determine if miRNA expressions were responsive to 8 weeks of combined exercise training. METHODS Sixteen young healthy men (mean ± SD; age 22.5 ± 2.5; BMI 26.4 ± 4.0) with FH + or without a family history of type 2 diabetes (FH -) underweight 8 weeks of combined endurance and resistance exercise training (n = 8 FH -; n = 8 FH +). The expression of miR-29a, miR-133a, miR-133b, and miR-155 were measured in serum before and after exercise training. QIAGEN's Ingenuity® Pathway Analysis was used to examine miRNA target genes and their involvement in glucose metabolism signaling pathways. RESULTS There were no differences in miRNA expressions between FH - and FH + . Exercise training did not alter miRNA expressions in either FH - or FH + despite improvements in insulin sensitivity, aerobic capacity, and muscular strength. miR-29a and miR-155 were inversely related to fasting glucose, and miR-133a and miR-133b were negatively correlated with glucose tolerance; however, correlations were not observed with insulin sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS The circulating miRNAs- miR-29a, miR-133a, miR-133b, and miR-155 are related to measures of glucose metabolism in healthy, normoglycemic men, but do not reflect peripheral insulin sensitivity or improvements in metabolic health following 8 weeks of combined exercise training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar A Meza
- Metabolic, Nutrition and Exercise Research (MiNER) Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Ave, El Paso, TX, 79902, USA
| | - Manuel Amador
- Metabolic, Nutrition and Exercise Research (MiNER) Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Ave, El Paso, TX, 79902, USA
| | - Andrew J McAinch
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Victoria University, St. Albans, VIC, Australia
| | - Khodeza Begum
- Department of Biological Sciences, Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Ave, El Paso, TX, 79902, USA
| | - Sourav Roy
- Department of Biological Sciences, Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Ave, El Paso, TX, 79902, USA
| | - Sudip Bajpeyi
- Metabolic, Nutrition and Exercise Research (MiNER) Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Ave, El Paso, TX, 79902, USA.
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141
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Semiz S. Vanadium as potential therapeutic agent for COVID-19: A focus on its antiviral, antiinflamatory, and antihyperglycemic effects. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 69:126887. [PMID: 34798510 PMCID: PMC8555110 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
An increasing evidence suggests that vanadium compounds are novel potential drugs in the treatment of diabetes, atherosclerosis, and cancer. Vanadium has also demonstrated activities against RNA viruses and is a promising candidate for treating acute respiratory diseases. The antidiabetic, antihypertensive, lipid-lowering, cardioprotective, antineoplastic, antiviral, and other potential effects of vanadium are summarized here. Given the beneficial antihyperglycemic and antiinflammatory effects as well as the potential mechanistic link between the COVID-19 and diabetes, vanadium compounds could be considered as a complement to the prescribed treatment of COVID-19. Thus, further clinical trials are warranted to confirm these favorable effects of vanadium treatment in COVID-19 patients, which appear not to be studied yet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Semiz
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Association South East European Network for Medical Research-SOVE.
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142
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Sharma G, Prossnitz ER. Assessment of Metabolic Regulation by Estrogen Receptors. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2418:383-404. [PMID: 35119676 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1920-9_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Estrogens, predominantly 17β-estradiol (E2), are a class of steroid hormones critical for diverse functions in the body both during normal physiology and disease. Primary actions of E2 include reproduction and development of secondary sexual characteristics. In addition, E2 action is involved in the nervous, immune, vascular, muscular, skeletal, and endocrine systems, all of which contribute to multiple aspects of metabolism. The actions of E2 have traditionally been attributed to the classical nuclear estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ) that largely mediate transcriptional/genomic activities. However, over the last decade, the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER/GPR30) has become recognized as a mediator of rapid as well as transcriptional actions of E2, employing both in vitro and in vivo approaches. Recent evidence strongly supports the role of GPER in metabolic regulation. Murine genetic knockout (KO) models and pharmacological tools (agonists and antagonists) represent important approaches to understand the mechanisms of E2 action in physiology and disease via GPER. Studies in cells and GPER KO mice have revealed functions for GPER in the regulation of body weight and metabolism. This chapter focuses on methods relevant for the evaluation of metabolic parameters in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro. We have emphasized glucose homeostasis through the determination of glucose and insulin tolerance, pancreatic islet function, and glucose uptake. In addition, we describe methods of adipocyte isolation, differentiation of preadipocytes, and evaluation of mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geetanjali Sharma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Molecular Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
- Center of Biomedical Research Excellence in Autophagy, Inflammation and Metabolism, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
| | - Eric R Prossnitz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Molecular Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
- Center of Biomedical Research Excellence in Autophagy, Inflammation and Metabolism, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
- University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
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Ghanbari M, Sadeghimahalli F. Aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Artemisia annua L. improved insulin resistance via decreasing TNF-alpha, IL-6 and free fatty acids in high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Avicenna J Phytomed 2022; 12:54-66. [PMID: 35145895 PMCID: PMC8801215 DOI: 10.22038/ajp.2021.18829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease that influences many people worldwide. Management of insulin resistance in T2DM without side effects of chemical drugs, is the ultimate goal of the medical community. Artemisia annua L. is used for the treatment of diabetes in folkloric medicine. The present study investigated the effects of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of A. annua (AA) on insulin resistance in high-fat diet/STZ-induced diabetic mice. Material and Methods: Mice were divided into groups including control with a normal diet, un-treated high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice, and diabetic mice treated by oral administration of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg body weight of water (hot and cold) and alcoholic extracts of AA. After four weeks of treatment with AA, blood sampling was carried out to measure factors involved in insulin resistance such as low-density lipoprotein/ High-density lipoprotein (LDL/HDL) ratio, free fatty acids, Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) as an index of insulin resistance. Results: The results showed that all AA extracts (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) and metformin (250 mg/kg) significantly reduced the serum levels of free fatty acids, TNF-alpha, IL-6, LDL/HDL ratio, and HOMA-IR in diabetic mice compared to untreated diabetic mice (p<0.0001). Notably, the 400 mg/kg dose of cold-water extract was more effective than metformin in reduction of TNF-alpha and IL-6 (p<0.01 and p<0.05, respectively). Conclusion: These data illustrated that AA extracts attenuated insulin resistance by reducing the lipid profile and adipocytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahshid Ghanbari
- Department of Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Forouzan Sadeghimahalli
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Immunogenetics Research Center, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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144
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Fang P, Ge R, She Y, Zhao J, Yan J, Yu X, Jin Y, Shang W, Zhang Z. Adipose tissue spexin in physical exercise and age-associated diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 73:101509. [PMID: 34752956 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
It is known that a strong association exists between a suboptimal lifestyle (physical inactivity and sedentary behavior and/or high calorie diet) and increased propensity of developing age-associated diseases, such as obesity and T2DM. Physical exercise can alleviate obesity-induced insulin resistance and T2DM, however, the precise mechanism for this outcome is not fully understood. The endocrine disorder of adipose tissue in obesity plays a critical role in the development of insulin resistance. In this regard, spexin has been recently described as an adipokine that plays an important role in the pathophysiology of obesity-induced insulin resistance and T2DM. In obese states, expression of adipose tissue spexin is reduced, inducing the adipose tissue and skeletal muscle more susceptible to insulin resistance. Emerging evidences point out that exercise can increase spexin expression. In return, spexin could exert the exercise-protective roles to ameliorate insulin resistance, suggesting that spexin is a potential mediator for exercise to ameliorate obesity-induced insulin resistance and T2DM, namely, the beneficial effect of exercise on insulin sensitivity is at least partly mediated by spexin. This review summarizes our and others' recent studies regarding the effects of obesity on adipose tissue spexin induction, along with the potential effect of exercise on this response in obese context, and provides a new insight into the multivariate relationship among exercise, spexin and T2DM. It should be therefore taken into account that a combination of spexin and exercise training is an effective therapeutic strategy for age-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penghua Fang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Department of Physiology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Hanlin College, Taizhou, China.
| | - Ran Ge
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Hanlin College, Taizhou, China
| | - Yuqing She
- Department of Endocrinology, Pukou Branch of Jiangsu People's Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Yan
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xizhong Yu
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Jin
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenbin Shang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Zhenwen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
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Soll D, Beer F, Spranger L, Li L, Spranger J, Mai K. Effects of Weight Loss on Adipose and Muscular Neuropilin 1 mRNA Expression in Obesity: Potential Implication in SARS-CoV-2 Infections? Obes Facts 2022; 15:90-98. [PMID: 34903696 PMCID: PMC8820135 DOI: 10.1159/000520419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neuropilin 1 (NRP-1) is a novel co-receptor promoting SARS-CoV-2 infectivity. Animal data indicate a role in trans-endothelial lipid transport and storage. As human data are sparse, we aimed to assess the role of NRP-1 in 2 metabolic active tissues in human obesity and in the context of weight loss-induced short- and long-term metabolic changes. METHODS After a standardized 12-week weight reduction program, 143 subjects (age >18; body mass index ≥27 kg/m2, 78% female) were randomized to a 12-month lifestyle intervention or a control group using a stratified randomization scheme. This was followed by 6-month follow-up without any intervention. Phenotyping was performed before and after weight loss, after 12-month intervention and after subsequent 6 months of follow-up. Tissue-specific insulin sensitivity was estimated by HOMA-IR (whole body and mostly driven by liver), insulin sensitivity index (ISI)Clamp (predominantly skeletal muscle), and free fatty acid (FFA) suppression during hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp (FFASupp) (predominantly adipose tissue). NRP-1 mRNA expression was measured in subcutaneous adipose tissue (NRP-1AT) and skeletal muscle (NRP-1SM) before and after weight loss. RESULTS NRP-1 was highly expressed in adipose tissue (7,893 [7,303-8,536] counts), but neither NRP-1AT nor NRP-1SM were related to estimates of obesity. Higher NRP-1AT was associated with stronger FFASupp (r = -0.343, p = 0.003) and a tendency to higher ISIClamp (r = 0.202, p = 0.085). Weight loss induced a decline of NRP-1AT but not NRP-1SM. This was more pronounced in subjects with stronger reduction of adipose ACE-2 mRNA expression (r = 0.250; p = 0.032) but was not associated with short- and long-term improvement of FFASupp and ISIClamp. CONCLUSION NRP-1AT is related to adipose insulin sensitivity in obesity. Weight loss-induced decline of NRP-1AT seems not to be involved in metabolic short- and long-term improvements after weight loss. However, weight loss-induced reduction of both NRP-1AT and ACE-2AT indicates a lower susceptibility of adipose tissue for SARS-CoV-2 after body weight reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Soll
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Berlin, Germany
| | - Finja Beer
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Berlin, Germany
| | - Leonard Spranger
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Berlin, Germany
| | - Linna Li
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim Spranger
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charité Center for Cardiovascular Research, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- NutriAct-Competence Cluster Nutrition Research Berlin-Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Knut Mai
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Berlin, Germany,
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charité Center for Cardiovascular Research, Berlin, Germany,
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany,
- NutriAct-Competence Cluster Nutrition Research Berlin-Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany,
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Peters EC, Safayan L, Marx TJ, Ngu E, Vasileva A, Zappia I, Powell WH, Duca FA, Stern JH. Metabolic and physical function are improved with lifelong 15% calorie restriction in aging male mice. Biogerontology 2022; 23:741-55. [PMID: 36315375 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-022-09996-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chronic calorie restriction (CR) results in lengthened lifespan and reduced disease risk. Many previous studies have implemented 30-40% calorie restriction to investigate these benefits. The goal of our study was to investigate the effects of calorie restriction, beginning at 4 months of age, on metabolic and physical changes induced by aging. Male C57BL/6NCrl calorie restricted and ad libitum fed control mice were obtained from the National Institute on Aging (NIA) and studied at 10, 18, 26, and 28 months of age to better understand the metabolic changes that occur in response to CR in middle age and advanced age. Food intake was measured in ad libitum fed controls to assess the true degree of CR (15%) in these mice. We found that 15% CR decreased body mass and liver triglyceride content, improved oral glucose clearance, and increased all limb grip strength in 10- and 18-month-old mice. Glucose clearance in ad libitum fed 26- and 28-month-old mice is enhanced relative to younger mice but was not further improved by CR. CR decreased basal insulin concentrations in all age groups and improved insulin sensitivity and rotarod time to fall in 28-month-old mice. The results of our study demonstrate that even a modest reduction (15%) in caloric intake may improve metabolic and physical health. Thus, moderate calorie restriction may be a dietary intervention to promote healthy aging with improved likelihood for adherence in human populations.
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147
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Gan L, Huang S, Hu Y, Zhang J, Wang X. Heat treatment reduced the expression of miR-7-5p to facilitate insulin-stimulated lactate secretion by targeting IRS2 in boar Sertoli cells. Theriogenology 2021; 180:161-170. [PMID: 34973648 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Insulin dysfunction of diabetes mellitus (DM) disorders the glucose metabolism in Sertoli cells (SCs), resulting in the impairment of spermatogenesis.Insulin signaling system in Sertoli cells (SCs) plays an important role in regulating lactate secretion. Heat treatment could increase the lactate secretion of boar SCs, but whether heat treatment participates in lactate secretion by improving the sensitivity of insulin is unknown. In the current study, the primary SCs from 21-day-old boar were employed to treat with 100 nM insulin for 24 h or heat treatment (43 °C, 30 min). Heat treatment strengthened the effect of insulin on the effect of lactate secretion. In addition, heat treatment increased the expression of insulin-induced insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2), but reduced the expression of miR-7-5p. Using dual luciferase reporter assay and Western blot, the study found that IRS2 is a potential target gene of miR-7-5p. Heat treatment also enhanced the Phosphorylation of insulin-stimulated PI3K/Akt, and increased lactate secretion by promoting the expression of Glucose Transporter 3 (GLUT3), Lactate Dehydrogenase-A (LDHA) and monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1). Furthermore, miR-7-5p inhibitor could partly mimic the effects of heat treatment on lactate production of SCs, indicating that heat treatment improves insulin sensitivity by regulating the expression of miR-7-5p/IRS2/PI3K/Akt. These results reveal a novel miRNA-mediated mechanism of heat treatment on the regulation of lactate metabolism production, and suggest that targeting miR-7-5p is a probably therapeutic method to insulin dysfunction-induced metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Gan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, College of Veterinary Medicnie, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Sha Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, College of Veterinary Medicnie, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Yu Hu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, College of Veterinary Medicnie, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - JiaoJiao Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, College of Veterinary Medicnie, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - XianZhong Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, College of Veterinary Medicnie, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, PR China.
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148
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Kudiarasu C, Rohadhia W, Katsura Y, Koeda T, Singh F, Nosaka K. Eccentric-only versus concentric-only resistance training effects on biochemical and physiological parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2021; 13:162. [PMID: 34930480 PMCID: PMC8686274 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-021-00384-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background The benefits of resistance training for patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are well documented; however, the effects of exercise with different muscle contraction types such as eccentric versus concentric contractions on physiological outcomes for this population are not clear. This study compared eccentric-only (ECC) and concentric-only resistance training (CON) to test the hypothesis that ECC would be superior to CON to improve insulin sensitivity, lipid profile, body composition, muscle strength and physical function of patients with T2D. Methods Adults with T2D (50–79 years) were allocated to the ECC (n = 9) or CON group (n = 9). Resistance exercises (chest press, lateral pulldown, bicep curl, triceps extension, leg extension, leg curl, calf raise, abdominal crunch) consisting of 2–3 sets of 10 eccentric-only (5 s) or concentric-only contractions (1–2 s) was performed twice a week for 12 weeks. Changes in blood biomarkers, body composition, muscle strength and physical function from pre- to post-intervention were compared between groups. Results Overall rating of perceived exertion (RPE, 1–10 Borg scale) was lower (p < 0.05) for ECC (2.9 ± 1.2) than CON (5.4 ± 1.1). No significant changes in blood biomarkers were found for both groups. Lean mass increased [effect size (ES) = 0.148, ECC 3.2 ± 6.9%; CON 3.6 ± 2.3%], and fat mass decreased (ES = 0.545, ECC − 6.1 ± 12.4%; CON − 7.1 ± 16.4%) (p < 0.05) similarly. One-repetition maximal strength of each exercise increased (p < 0.05) for both ECC (12–37%) and CON (27–68%). Both groups improved (p < 0.05) 6-min walk distance (ES = 0.083, ECC 12.2 ± 2.3%; CON 12.5 ± 15.3%) and chair rise time (ES = 0.463, ECC − 13.4 ± 25.4%; CON − 20.0 ± 53.3%) but only ECC improved (p < 0.05) the timed up-and-go test (− 11.3 ± 13.6%, ES 0.014). No significant changes in balance tests were found for both groups. Conclusion These results did not fully support the hypothesis but showed that ECC was as effective as CON to improve body composition, muscle strength, and physical function with lesser RPE. Future studies should investigate whether larger differences between ECC and CON are evident when increasing the exercise frequency and matching the intensities of the two-exercise protocols. Trial registration ACTRN12621001026819 (retrospectively registered on 5th Aug 2021).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Kudiarasu
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia. .,Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.
| | - Wafina Rohadhia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Yoshihiro Katsura
- Centre for Promotion of Higher Education, Kogakuin University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Koeda
- Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Nagoya Gakuin University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Favil Singh
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.,Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Kazunori Nosaka
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.,Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
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Lund J, Krapf SA, Sistek M, Bakke HG, Bartesaghi S, Peng XR, Rustan AC, Thoresen GH, Kase ET. SENP2 is vital for optimal insulin signaling and insulin-stimulated glycogen synthesis in human skeletal muscle cells. Curr Res Pharmacol Drug Discov 2021; 2:100061. [PMID: 34909683 PMCID: PMC8663970 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphar.2021.100061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sentrin-specific protease (SENP) 2 has been suggested as a possible novel drug target for the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus after observations of a palmitate-induced increase in SENP2 that lead to increased fatty acid oxidation and improved insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle cells from mice. However, no precedent research has examined the role of SENP2 in human skeletal muscle cells. In the present work, we have investigated the impact of SENP2 on fatty acid and glucose metabolism as well as insulin sensitivity in human skeletal muscle using cultured primary human myotubes. Acute (4 h) oleic acid oxidation was reduced in SENP2-knockdown (SENP2-KD) cells compared to control cells, with no difference in uptake. After prelabeling (24 h) with oleic acid, total lipid content and incorporation into triacylglycerol was decreased, while incorporation into other lipids, as well as complete oxidation and β-oxidation was increased in SENP2-KD cells. Basal glucose uptake (i.e., not under insulin-stimulated conditions) was higher in SENP2-KD cells, whereas oxidation was similar to control myotubes. Further, basal glycogen synthesis was not different in SENP2-KD myotubes, but both insulin-stimulated glycogen synthesis and AktSer473 phosphorylation was completely blunted in SENP2-KD cells. In conclusion, SENP2 plays an important role in fatty acid and glucose metabolism in human myotubes. Interestingly, it also appears to have a pivotal role in regulating myotube insulin sensitivity. Future studies should examine the role of SENP2 in regulation of insulin sensitivity in other tissues and in vivo, defining the potential for SENP2 as a drug target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Lund
- Section for Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Norway
- Corresponding author. Section for Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Solveig A. Krapf
- Section for Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Medina Sistek
- Section for Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Hege G. Bakke
- Section for Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Stefano Bartesaghi
- Bioscience Metabolism, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM) BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Xiao-Rong Peng
- Bioscience Metabolism, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM) BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Arild C. Rustan
- Section for Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - G. Hege Thoresen
- Section for Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Norway
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Eili T. Kase
- Section for Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Norway
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de Melo Yamamoto AP, Chiba FY, Astolphi RD, de Oliveira da Mota MS, Louzada MJQ, de Lima Coutinho Mattera MS, Garbin CAS, Ervolino E, Tsosura TVS, Belardi BE, Dos Santos RM, Okamoto MM, Machado UF, Matsushita DH. Effect of resistance training on osteopenic rat bones in neonatal streptozotocin-induced diabetes: Analysis of GLUT4 content and biochemical, biomechanical, densitometric, and microstructural evaluation. Life Sci 2021; 287:120143. [PMID: 34785192 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the effect of resistance training-RT on glycemia, expression of the glucose transporter-GLUT4, bone mineral density-BMD, and microstructural and biomechanical properties of osteopenic rat bones in neonatal streptozotocin-induced diabetes. MAIN METHODS Sixty-four 5-day-old male rats were divided into two groups: control and diabetic rats injected with vehicle or streptozotocin, respectively. After 55 days, densitometric analysis-DA of the tibia was performed. These groups were subdivided into four subgroups: non-osteopenic control-CN, osteopenic control-OC, non-osteopenic diabetic-DM, and osteopenic diabetic-OD. The OC and OD groups were suspended by their tails for 21 days to promote osteopenia in the hindlimb; subsequently, a second DA was performed. The rats were subdivided into eight subgroups: sedentary control-SC, sedentary osteopenic control-SOC, exercised control-EC, exercised osteopenic control-EOC, sedentary diabetic-SD, sedentary osteopenic diabetic-SOD, exercised diabetic-ED, and exercised osteopenic diabetic-EOD. For RT, the rats climbed a ladder with weights secured to their tails for 12 weeks. After RT, a third DA was performed, and blood samples, muscles, and tibias were assessed to measure glycemia, insulinemia, GLUT4 content, bone maximum strength, fracture energy, extrinsic stiffness, BMD, cancellous bone area, trabecular number, and trabecular width. KEY FINDINGS After RT, glycemia, GLUT4 content, BMD, and bone microstructural and biomechanical properties were improved in diabetic rats (osteopenic and non-osteopenic). However, RT had no effect on these parameters in the EC and SC groups. SIGNIFICANCE These results suggest that RT improves GLUT4 content, BMD, and microstructural and biomechanical properties of bone in osteopenic and non-osteopenic diabetic rats and is effective in controlling glycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Pedro de Melo Yamamoto
- Programa de Pós-graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, PPGMCF, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Fernando Yamamoto Chiba
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil.
| | - Rafael Dias Astolphi
- Programa de Pós-graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, PPGMCF, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Max Sander de Oliveira da Mota
- Programa de Pós-graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, PPGMCF, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Mário Jefferson Quirino Louzada
- Programa de Pós-graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, PPGMCF, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Sara de Lima Coutinho Mattera
- Programa de Pós-graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, PPGMCF, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Cléa Adas Saliba Garbin
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil.
| | - Edilson Ervolino
- Programa de Pós-graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, PPGMCF, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Thaís Verônica Saori Tsosura
- Programa de Pós-graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, PPGMCF, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Bianca Elvira Belardi
- Programa de Pós-graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, PPGMCF, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo Martins Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, PPGMCF, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Maristela Mitiko Okamoto
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, São Paulo Institute of Biomedical Sciences, USP, Brazil.
| | - Ubiratan Fabres Machado
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, São Paulo Institute of Biomedical Sciences, USP, Brazil.
| | - Doris Hissako Matsushita
- Programa de Pós-graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, PPGMCF, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
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