101
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He Z, Gao Y, Lieu L, Afrin S, Cao J, Michael NJ, Dong Y, Sun J, Guo H, Williams KW. Direct and indirect effects of liraglutide on hypothalamic POMC and NPY/AgRP neurons - Implications for energy balance and glucose control. Mol Metab 2019; 28:120-134. [PMID: 31446151 PMCID: PMC6822260 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2019.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The long-acting glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist, liraglutide, stimulates insulin secretion and efficiently suppresses food intake to reduce body weight. As such, liraglutide is growing in popularity in the treatment of diabetes and chronic weight management. Within the brain, liraglutide has been shown to alter the activity of hypothalamic proopiomelanocortin (POMC) and Neuropeptide Y/Agouti-related peptide (NPY/AgRP) neurons. Moreover, the acute activities of POMC and NPY neurons have been directly linked to feeding behavior, body weight, and glucose metabolism. Despite the increased usage of liraglutide and other GLP-1 analogues as diabetic and obesity interventions, the cellular mechanisms by which liraglutide alters the activity of metabolically relevant neuronal populations are poorly understood. Methods In order to resolve this issue, we utilized neuron-specific transgenic mouse models to identify POMC and NPY neurons for patch-clamp electrophysiology experiments. Results We found that liraglutide directly activated arcuate POMC neurons via TrpC5 channels, sharing a similar mechanistic pathway to the adipose-derived peptide leptin. Liraglutide also indirectly increases excitatory tone to POMC neurons. In contrast, liraglutide inhibited NPY/AgRP neurons through post-synaptic GABAA receptors and enhanced activity of pre-synaptic GABAergic neurons, which required both TrpC5 subunits and K-ATP channels. In support of an additive role of leptin and liraglutide in suppressing food intake, leptin potentiated the acute effects of liraglutide to activate POMC neurons. TrpC5 subunits in POMC neurons were also required for the intact pharmacological effects of liraglutide on food intake and body weight. Thus, the current study adds to recent work from our group and others, which highlight potential mechanisms to amplify the effects of GLP-1 agonists in vivo. Moreover, these data highlight multiple sites of action (both pre- and post-synaptic) for GLP-1 agonists on this circuit. Conclusions Taken together, our results identify critical molecular mechanisms linking GLP-1 analogues in arcuate POMC and NPY/AgRP neurons with metabolism. Liraglutide directly activates arcuate POMC neurons, while also increasing pre-synaptic excitatory inputs to POMC neurons. Leptin potentiates the acute effects of liraglutide to activate POMC neurons. Liraglutide indirectly inhibits arcuate NPY/AgRP neurons via presynaptic TrpC 5 subunits and KATP channels. TrpC5 subunits in POMC neurons are required for the intact pharmacological effects of liraglutide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyan He
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China; Division of Hypothalamic Research, the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yong Gao
- Division of Hypothalamic Research, the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA; National Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Linh Lieu
- Division of Hypothalamic Research, the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Sadia Afrin
- Division of Hypothalamic Research, the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jianhong Cao
- Division of Hypothalamic Research, the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA; Pi-wei Institute, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Natalie J Michael
- Division of Hypothalamic Research, the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yanbin Dong
- Division of Hypothalamic Research, the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA; Pi-wei Institute, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Jia Sun
- Division of Hypothalamic Research, the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Hongbo Guo
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Kevin W Williams
- Division of Hypothalamic Research, the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA.
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Giacco V, Panattoni G, Medelin M, Bonechi E, Aldinucci A, Ballerini C, Ballerini L. Cytokine inflammatory threat, but not LPS one, shortens GABAergic synaptic currents in the mouse spinal cord organotypic cultures. J Neuroinflammation 2019; 16:127. [PMID: 31238967 PMCID: PMC6593520 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-019-1519-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Synaptic dysfunction, named synaptopathy, due to inflammatory status of the central nervous system (CNS) is a recognized factor potentially underlying both motor and cognitive dysfunctions in neurodegenerative diseases. To gain knowledge on the mechanistic interplay between local inflammation and synapse changes, we compared two diverse inflammatory paradigms, a cytokine cocktail (CKs; IL-1β, TNF-α, and GM-CSF) and LPS, and their ability to tune GABAergic current duration in spinal cord cultured circuits. Methods We exploit spinal organotypic cultures, single-cell electrophysiology, immunocytochemistry, and confocal microscopy to explore synaptic currents and resident neuroglia reactivity upon CK or LPS incubation. Results Local inflammation in slice cultures induced by CK or LPS stimulations boosts network activity; however, only CKs specifically reduced GABAergic current duration. We pharmacologically investigated the contribution of GABAAR α-subunits and suggested that a switch of GABAAR α1-subunit might have induced faster GABAAR decay time, weakening the inhibitory transmission. Conclusions Lower GABAergic current duration could contribute to providing an aberrant excitatory transmission critical for pre-motor circuit tasks and represent a specific feature of a CK cocktail able to mimic an inflammatory reaction that spreads in the CNS. Our results describe a selective mechanism that could be triggered during specific inflammatory stress. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12974-019-1519-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Giacco
- International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA/ISAS), 34136, Trieste, Italy.,Present address: Wolfson Centre for Age Related Disease, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Giulia Panattoni
- International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA/ISAS), 34136, Trieste, Italy
| | - Manuela Medelin
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Elena Bonechi
- Department NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Clara Ballerini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, University of Florence, 50139, Florence, Italy.
| | - Laura Ballerini
- International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA/ISAS), 34136, Trieste, Italy.
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103
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Szulczyk B, Pasierski M, Nurowska E. Valproic acid potently inhibits interictal-like epileptiform activity in prefrontal cortex pyramidal neurons. Neurosci Lett 2019; 708:134350. [PMID: 31247226 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Valproic acid has a long-standing reputation of effectively treating the symptoms of not only epilepsy but also psychiatric conditions. In the latter, the exact mechanism by which valproate exerts its effect remains unclear. In this study, epileptiform bursts were recorded from pyramidal neurons in the prefrontal cortex (the brain region thought to be involved in psychiatric disorders) using the patch-clamp technique. An extracellular solution with no magnesium ions and elevated potassium levels that is known to induce epileptiform activity in vitro was used. Because of their short durations, the epileptiform bursts were regarded as interictal-like epileptiform activity, which is believed to be involved in cognitive impairment. Interictal discharges occur in many neuropsychiatric disorders as well as in healthy population. Epileptic activity in prefrontal cortex pyramidal neurons was potently inhibited by two therapeutic concentrations of valproic acid (20 μM and 200 μM). Moreover, valproate suppressed spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic potentials. Epileptiform bursts were fully inhibited by NMDA receptor antagonist, which suggests that epileptiform activity is driven by NMDA receptors. The inhibition of excitability in prefrontal cortex pyramidal neurons by valproate was also shown. This study shows that it is possible to evoke NMDA-dependent epileptiform activity in prefrontal cortex pyramidal neurons in vitro. We suggest that the prefrontal cortex is a good region for studying the influence of drugs on interictal epileptiform activity.
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104
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Abstract
The largest biomass of channel proteins is located in unicellular organisms and bacteria that have no organs. However, orchestrated bidirectional ionic currents across the cell membrane via the channels are important for the functioning of organs of organisms, and equally concern both fauna or flora. Several ion channels are activated in the course of action potentials. One of the hallmarks of voltage-dependent channels is a 'tail current' - deactivation as observed after prior and sufficient activation predominantly at more depolarized potentials e.g. for Kv while upon hyperpolarization for HCN α subunits. Tail current also reflects the timing of channel closure that is initiated upon termination of stimuli. Finally, deactivation of currents during repolarization could be a selective estimate for given channel as in case of HERG, if dedicated long and more depolarized 'tail pulse' is used. Since from a holding potential of e.g. -70 mV are often a family of outward K+ currents comprising IA and IK are simultaneously activated in native cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sodikdjon A Kodirov
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia; Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Almazov Federal Heart, Blood and Endocrinology Centre, Saint Petersburg, 197341, Russia; Institute of Experimental Medicine, I. P. Pavlov Department of Physiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia; Laboratory of Emotions' Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, 02-093, Poland.
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105
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Valdés-Abadía B, Morán-Zendejas R, Rangel-Flores JM, Rodríguez-Menchaca AA. Chloroquine inhibits tumor-related Kv10.1 channel and decreases migration of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells in vitro. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 855:262-6. [PMID: 31082369 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Chloroquine (CQ) is an old antimalarial drug currently being investigated for its anti-tumor properties. As chloroquine has been shown to inhibits several potassium channels, we decided to study its effect on the tumor-related Kv10.1 channel by using patch-clamp electrophysiology and cell migration assays. We found that chloroquine inhibited Kv10.1 channels transiently expressed in HEK-293 cells in a concentration- and voltage-dependent manner acting from the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane. Chloroquine also inhibited the outward potassium currents from MDA-MB-231 cells, which are mainly carried through Kv10.1 channels as was confirmed using astemizole. Additionally, chloroquine decreased MDA-MB-231 cell migration in the in vitro scratch wound healing assay. In conclusion, our data suggest that chloroquine decreases MDA-MB-231 cell migration by inhibiting Kv10.1 channels. The inhibition of Kv10.1 channels could represent another mechanism of the antitumoral action of chloroquine, besides autophagy inhibition and tumor vessel normalization.
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106
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Gao F, Chen D, Ma X, Sudweeks S, Yorgason JT, Gao M, Turner D, Eaton JB, McIntosh JM, Lukas RJ, Whiteaker P, Chang Y, Steffensen SC, Wu J. Alpha6-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptor is a highly sensitive target of alcohol. Neuropharmacology 2019; 149:45-54. [PMID: 30710570 PMCID: PMC7323585 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a serious public health problem that results in tremendous social, legal and medical costs to society. Unlike other addictive drugs, there is no specific molecular target for ethanol (EtOH). Here, we report a novel molecular target that mediates EtOH effects at concentrations below those that cause legally-defined inebriation. Using patch-clamp recording of human α6*-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α6*-nAChR) function when heterologously expressed in SH-EP1 human epithelial cells, we found that 0.1-5 mM EtOH significantly enhances α6*-nAChR-mediated currents with effects that are dependent on both EtOH and nicotine concentrations. EtOH exposure increased both whole-cell current rising slope and decay constants. This EtOH modulation was selective for α6*-nAChRs since it did not affect α3β4-, α4β2-, or α7-nAChRs. In addition, 5 mM EtOH also increased the frequency and amplitude of dopaminergic neuron transients in mouse brain nucleus accumbens slices, that were blocked by the α6*-nAChR antagonist, α-conotoxin MII, suggesting a role for native α6*-nAChRs in low-dose EtOH effects. Collectively, our data suggest that α6*-nAChRs are sensitive targets mediating low-dose EtOH effects through a positive allosteric mechanism, which provides new insight into mechanisms involved in pharmacologically-relevant alcohol effects contributing to AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenfei Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 51504, China; Division of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA
| | - Dejie Chen
- Division of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA; Department of Neurology, Yunfu People's Hospital, Yunfu, Guangdong, 527300, China
| | - Xiaokuang Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 51504, China; Division of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA
| | - Sterling Sudweeks
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Jordan T Yorgason
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Ming Gao
- Division of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA
| | - Dharshaun Turner
- Division of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA
| | - Jason Brek Eaton
- Division of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA
| | - J Michael McIntosh
- George E. Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT, USA 84108, USA
| | - Ronald J Lukas
- Division of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA
| | - Paul Whiteaker
- Division of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA
| | - Yongchang Chang
- Division of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA
| | - Scott C Steffensen
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 51504, China; Division of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA; Department of Neurology, Yunfu People's Hospital, Yunfu, Guangdong, 527300, China.
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Butorac C, Muik M, Derler I, Stadlbauer M, Lunz V, Krizova A, Lindinger S, Schober R, Frischauf I, Bhardwaj R, Hediger MA, Groschner K, Romanin C. A novel STIM1-Orai1 gating interface essential for CRAC channel activation. Cell Calcium 2019; 79:57-67. [PMID: 30831274 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2019.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Calcium signalling through store-operated calcium (SOC) entry is of crucial importance for T-cell activation and the adaptive immune response. This entry occurs via the prototypic Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channel. STIM1, a key molecular component of this process, is located in the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and is initially activated upon Ca2+ store depletion. This activation signal is transmitted to the plasma membrane via a direct physical interaction that takes place between STIM1 and the highly Ca2+-selective ion channel Orai1. The activation of STIM1 induces an extended cytosolic conformation. This, in turn, exposes the CAD/SOAR domain and leads to the formation of STIM1 oligomers. In this study, we focused on a small helical segment (STIM1 α3, aa 400-403), which is located within the CAD/SOAR domain. We determined this segment's specific functional role in terms of STIM1 activation and Orai1 gating. The STIM1 α3 domain appears not essential for STIM1 to interact with Orai1. Instead, it represents a key domain that conveys STIM1 interaction into Orai1 channel gating. The results of cysteine crosslinking experiments revealed the close proximity of STIM1 α3 to a region within Orai1, which was located at the cytosolic extension of transmembrane helix 3, forming a STIM1-Orai1 gating interface (SOGI). We suggest that the interplay between STIM1 α3 and Orai1 TM3 allows STIM1 coupling to be transmitted into physiological CRAC channel activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Butorac
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Gruberstrasse 40, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Martin Muik
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Gruberstrasse 40, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Isabella Derler
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Gruberstrasse 40, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Michael Stadlbauer
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Gruberstrasse 40, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Victoria Lunz
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Gruberstrasse 40, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Adéla Krizova
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Gruberstrasse 40, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Sonja Lindinger
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Gruberstrasse 40, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Romana Schober
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Gruberstrasse 40, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Irene Frischauf
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Gruberstrasse 40, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Rajesh Bhardwaj
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, Buehlstrasse 28, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Matthias A Hediger
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, Buehlstrasse 28, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Klaus Groschner
- Gottfried Schatz Forschungszentrum, Medizinische Universität Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Christoph Romanin
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Gruberstrasse 40, 4020 Linz, Austria.
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108
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Lou X. Real-Time Endocytosis Measurements by Membrane Capacitance Recording at Central Nerve Terminals. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1847:95-108. [PMID: 30129012 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8719-1_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
Endocytosis is fundamental to cell function. It can be monitored by capacitance measurements under patch-clamp recordings. Membrane capacitance recording measures the cell membrane surface area and its changes at high temporal-resolution and sensitivity, and it is a powerful biophysical approach in the field of exocytosis and endocytosis. A popular one is the frequency domain method that entails processing passive sinusoidal membrane currents induced by a sinusoidal voltage. This technique requires a phase-sensitive detector or "lock-in amplifier" implemented in hardware or software during patch-clamp recordings. It has been widely used in many secretory cells, but its application directly at central presynaptic terminals is technically challenging. We have applied this technique to study synaptic endocytosis in the calyx of Held, a large glutamatergic synaptic terminal, as well as mouse pancreatic β-cells. The presynaptic capacitance measurements provide a unique alternative to measuring transmitter release and presynaptic endocytosis. Here, we describe this method at the calyx of Held in acute brain slices and provide a practical guide to obtaining high quality capacitance measurements at presynaptic terminals.
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109
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Cabanas H, Muraki K, Balinas C, Eaton-Fitch N, Staines D, Marshall-Gradisnik S. Validation of impaired Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 3 ion channel activity in natural killer cells from Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/ Myalgic Encephalomyelitis patients. Mol Med 2019; 25:14. [PMID: 31014226 PMCID: PMC6480905 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-019-0083-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/ Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME) is a complex multifactorial disorder of unknown cause having multi-system manifestations. Although the aetiology of CFS/ME remains elusive, immunological dysfunction and more particularly reduced cytotoxic activity in natural killer (NK) cells is the most consistent laboratory finding. The Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) superfamily of cation channels play a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of immune diseases and are therefore potential therapeutic targets. We have previously identified single nucleotide polymorphisms in TRP genes in peripheral NK cells from CFS/ME patients. We have also described biochemical pathway changes and calcium signaling perturbations in NK cells from CFS/ME patients. Notably, we have previously reported a decrease of TRP cation channel subfamily melastatin member 3 (TRPM3) function in NK cells isolated from CFS/ME patients compared with healthy controls after modulation with pregnenolone sulfate and ononetin using a patch-clamp technique. In the present study, we aim to confirm the previous results describing an impaired TRPM3 activity in a new cohort of CFS/ME patients using a whole cell patch-clamp technique after modulation with reversible TRPM3 agonists, pregnenolone sulfate and nifedipine, and an effective TRPM3 antagonist, ononetin. Indeed, no formal research has commented on using pregnenolone sulfate or nifedipine to treat CFS/ME patients while there is evidence that clinicians prescribe calcium channel blockers to improve different symptoms. Methods Whole-cell patch-clamp technique was used to measure TRPM3 activity in isolated NK cells from twelve age- and sex-matched healthy controls and CFS/ME patients, after activation with pregnenolone sulfate and nifedipine and inhibition with ononetin. Results We confirmed a significant reduction in amplitude of TRPM3 currents after pregnenolone sulfate stimulation in isolated NK cells from another cohort of CFS/ME patients compared with healthy controls. The pregnenolone sulfate-evoked ionic currents through TRPM3 channels were again significantly modulated by ononetin in isolated NK cells from healthy controls compared with CFS/ME patients. In addition, we used nifedipine, another reversible TRPM3 agonist to support the previous findings and found similar results confirming a significant loss of the TRPM3 channel activity in CFS/ME patients. Conclusions Impaired TRPM3 activity was validated in NK cells isolated from CFS/ME patients using different pharmacological tools and whole-cell patch-clamp technique as the gold standard for ion channel research. This investigation further helps to establish TRPM3 channels as a prognostic marker and/ or a potential therapeutic target for CFS/ME.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Cabanas
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia. .,The National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Southport, QLD, 4222, Australia. .,Consortium Health International for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis, National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.
| | - K Muraki
- Laboratory of Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Aichi-Gakuin University, Chikusa, Nagoya, Japan.,Consortium Health International for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis, National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - C Balinas
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.,The National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Southport, QLD, 4222, Australia.,Consortium Health International for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis, National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - N Eaton-Fitch
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.,The National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Southport, QLD, 4222, Australia.,Consortium Health International for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis, National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - D Staines
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.,The National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Southport, QLD, 4222, Australia.,Consortium Health International for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis, National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - S Marshall-Gradisnik
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.,The National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Southport, QLD, 4222, Australia.,Consortium Health International for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis, National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
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110
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Van De Vijver S, Missault S, Van Soom J, Van Der Veken P, Augustyns K, Joossens J, Dedeurwaerdere S, Giugliano M. The effect of pharmacological inhibition of Serine Proteases on neuronal networks in vitro. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6796. [PMID: 31065460 PMCID: PMC6485206 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurons are embedded in an extracellular matrix (ECM), which functions both as a scaffold and as a regulator of neuronal function. The ECM is in turn dynamically altered through the action of serine proteases, which break down its constituents. This pathway has been implicated in the regulation of synaptic plasticity and of neuronal intrinsic excitability. In this study, we determined the short-term effects of interfering with proteolytic processes in the ECM, with a newly developed serine protease inhibitor. We monitored the spontaneous electrophysiological activity of in vitro primary rat cortical cultures, using microelectrode arrays. While pharmacological inhibition at a low dosage had no significant effect, at elevated concentrations it altered significantly network synchronization and functional connectivity but left unaltered single-cell electrical properties. These results suggest that serine protease inhibition affects synaptic properties, likely through its actions on the ECM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiaan Van De Vijver
- Molecular, Cellular, and Network Excitability, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Flanders, Belgium
| | - Stephan Missault
- Experimental Laboratory of Translational Neuroscience and Otolaryngology, Department of Translational Neurosciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Flanders, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Van Soom
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Flanders, Belgium
| | - Pieter Van Der Veken
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Flanders, Belgium
| | - Koen Augustyns
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Flanders, Belgium
| | - Jurgen Joossens
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Flanders, Belgium
| | - Stefanie Dedeurwaerdere
- Laboratory of Experimental Haematology, VAXINFECTIO, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Flanders, Belgium
| | - Michele Giugliano
- Molecular, Cellular, and Network Excitability, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Flanders, Belgium
- Neuroscience sector, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, Trieste, Italy
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111
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Telias M, Segal M. Patch-Clamp Recordings from Human Embryonic Stem Cells-Derived Fragile X Neurons. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1942:131-9. [PMID: 30900181 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9080-1_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
Performing electrophysiological recordings from human neurons that have been differentiated in vitro, as compared to primary cultures, raises many challenges. However, patch-clamp recording from neurons derived from stem cells provides an abundance of valuable information, reliably and fast. Here, we describe a protocol that is used successfully in our lab for recording from both control and Fragile X neurons, derived in vitro from human embryonic stem cells.
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112
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Grosmaitre X, Ma M. Odor-Induced Electrical and Calcium Signals from Olfactory Sensory Neurons In Situ. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1820:147-55. [PMID: 29884944 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8609-5_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
Electrophysiological recording and optical imaging enable the characterization of membrane and odorant response properties of olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) in the nasal neuroepithelium. Here we describe a method to record the responses of mammalian OSNs to odorant stimulations in an ex vivo preparation of intact olfactory epithelium. The responses of individual OSNs with defined odorant receptor types can be monitored via patch-clamp recording or calcium imaging.
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113
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Begemann A, Acuña MA, Zweier M, Vincent M, Steindl K, Bachmann-Gagescu R, Hackenberg A, Abela L, Plecko B, Kroell-Seger J, Baumer A, Yamakawa K, Inoue Y, Asadollahi R, Sticht H, Zeilhofer HU, Rauch A. Further corroboration of distinct functional features in SCN2A variants causing intellectual disability or epileptic phenotypes. Mol Med 2019; 25:6. [PMID: 30813884 PMCID: PMC6391808 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-019-0073-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deleterious variants in the voltage-gated sodium channel type 2 (Nav1.2) lead to a broad spectrum of phenotypes ranging from benign familial neonatal-infantile epilepsy (BFNIE), severe developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE) and intellectual disability (ID) to autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Yet, the underlying mechanisms are still incompletely understood. METHODS To further elucidate the genotype-phenotype correlation of SCN2A variants we investigated the functional effects of six variants representing the phenotypic spectrum by whole-cell patch-clamp studies in transfected HEK293T cells and in-silico structural modeling. RESULTS The two variants p.L1342P and p.E1803G detected in patients with early onset epileptic encephalopathy (EE) showed profound and complex changes in channel gating, whereas the BFNIE variant p.L1563V exhibited only a small gain of channel function. The three variants identified in ID patients without seizures, p.R937C, p.L611Vfs*35 and p.W1716*, did not produce measurable currents. Homology modeling of the missense variants predicted structural impairments consistent with the electrophysiological findings. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the hypothesis that complete loss-of-function variants lead to ID without seizures, small gain-of-function variants cause BFNIE and EE variants exhibit variable but profound Nav1.2 gating changes. Moreover, structural modeling was able to predict the severity of the variant impact, supporting a potential role of structural modeling as a prognostic tool. Our study on the functional consequences of SCN2A variants causing the distinct phenotypes of EE, BFNIE and ID contributes to the elucidation of mechanisms underlying the broad phenotypic variability reported for SCN2A variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Begemann
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, 8952, Schlieren, Zurich, Switzerland.,radiz-Rare Disease Initiative Zürich, Clinical Research Priority Program for Rare Diseases, University of Zurich, 8006, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mario A Acuña
- radiz-Rare Disease Initiative Zürich, Clinical Research Priority Program for Rare Diseases, University of Zurich, 8006, Zurich, Switzerland.,Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Markus Zweier
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, 8952, Schlieren, Zurich, Switzerland.,radiz-Rare Disease Initiative Zürich, Clinical Research Priority Program for Rare Diseases, University of Zurich, 8006, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marie Vincent
- Service de génétique médicale, CHU Nantes, 44093, Nantes, France
| | - Katharina Steindl
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, 8952, Schlieren, Zurich, Switzerland.,radiz-Rare Disease Initiative Zürich, Clinical Research Priority Program for Rare Diseases, University of Zurich, 8006, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Annette Hackenberg
- Division of Child Neurology, University Children's Hospital Zurich, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lucia Abela
- radiz-Rare Disease Initiative Zürich, Clinical Research Priority Program for Rare Diseases, University of Zurich, 8006, Zurich, Switzerland.,Division of Child Neurology, University Children's Hospital Zurich, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Barbara Plecko
- radiz-Rare Disease Initiative Zürich, Clinical Research Priority Program for Rare Diseases, University of Zurich, 8006, Zurich, Switzerland.,Division of Child Neurology, University Children's Hospital Zurich, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland.,Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Judith Kroell-Seger
- Children's department, Swiss Epilepsy Centre, Clinic Lengg, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alessandra Baumer
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, 8952, Schlieren, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kazuhiro Yamakawa
- Laboratory for Neurogenetics, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yushi Inoue
- National Epilepsy Center, NHO Shizuoka Institute of Epilepsy and Neurological Disorders, Shizuoka, 420-8688, Japan
| | - Reza Asadollahi
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, 8952, Schlieren, Zurich, Switzerland.,radiz-Rare Disease Initiative Zürich, Clinical Research Priority Program for Rare Diseases, University of Zurich, 8006, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Heinrich Sticht
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hanns Ulrich Zeilhofer
- radiz-Rare Disease Initiative Zürich, Clinical Research Priority Program for Rare Diseases, University of Zurich, 8006, Zurich, Switzerland.,Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland.,Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anita Rauch
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, 8952, Schlieren, Zurich, Switzerland. .,radiz-Rare Disease Initiative Zürich, Clinical Research Priority Program for Rare Diseases, University of Zurich, 8006, Zurich, Switzerland. .,Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland. .,Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
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114
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Ferrera L, Baroni D, Moran O. Lumacaftor-rescued F508del-CFTR has a modified bicarbonate permeability. J Cyst Fibros 2019; 18:602-605. [PMID: 30738802 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2019.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Deletion of phenylalanine at position 508, F508del, the most frequent mutation among Cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, destabilizes the protein, thus causing both a folding and a trafficking defect, resulting in a dramatic reduction in expression of CFTR. In vitro treatment with lumacaftor produces an enhancement of anion transport in cells. We studied the permeability properties of the CFTR mutant F508del treated with the corrector lumacaftor, showing that the rescued protein has selectivity properties different than the wild type CFTR, showing an augmented bicarbonate permeability. This difference would indicate a diverse conformation of the rescued F508del-CFTR, that is plausibly reflected on an improper regulation of the airway surface liquid, lessening the efficacy of the corrector. Our findings rather support the idea that a combination of correctors would be required to address the CFTR-dependent bicarbonate permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loretta Ferrera
- Istituto Giannina Gaslini, U.O.C. Genetica Medica, Genova, Italy.
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115
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Bassetto Junior CAZ, Passianoto LVG, González ERP, Varanda WA. Benzenesulfonamides act as open-channel blockers on K V3.1 potassium channel. Amino Acids 2019; 51:355-364. [PMID: 30361851 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-018-2669-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
KV3.1 blockers can serve as modulators of the rate of action potential firing in neurons with high rates of firing such as those of the auditory system. We studied the effects of several bioisosteres of N-alkylbenzenesulfonamides, and molecules derived from sulfanilic acid on KV3.1 channels, heterologously expressed in L-929 cells, using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. Only the N-alkyl-benzenesulfonamides acted as open-channel blockers on KV3.1, while molecules analogous to PABA (p-aminobenzoic acid) and derived from sulfanilic acids did not block the channel. The IC50 of six N-alkyl-benzenesulfonamides ranged from 9 to 55 µM; and the Hill coefficient suggests the binding of two molecules to block KV3.1. Also, the effects of all molecules on KV3.1 were fully reversible. We look for similar features amongst the molecules that effectively blocked the channel and used them to model a blocker prototype. We found that bulkier groups and amino-lactams decreased the effectiveness of the blockage, while the presence of NO2 increased the effectiveness of the blockage. Thus, we propose N-alkylbenzenesulfonamides as a new class of KV3.1 channel blockers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Alberto Zanutto Bassetto Junior
- Fine Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp)-Campus of Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, SP, CEP 19060-900, Brazil
| | - Luana Vitorino Gushiken Passianoto
- Fine Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp)-Campus of Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, SP, CEP 19060-900, Brazil
| | - Eduardo René Pérez González
- Fine Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp)-Campus of Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, SP, CEP 19060-900, Brazil.
| | - Wamberto Antonio Varanda
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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116
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Magnani D, Chandran S, Wyllie DJA, Livesey MR. In Vitro Generation and Electrophysiological Characterization of OPCs and Oligodendrocytes from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1936:65-77. [PMID: 30820893 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9072-6_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The in vitro generation of defined cellular populations from induced human pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) provides the opportunity to work routinely with human material and, importantly, allows examination of material derived from patients with clinically and genetically diagnosed disorders. In this regard, the ability to derive oligodendrocytes in vitro represents an important resource to examine human oligodendrocyte-lineage cell biology in normal and disease contexts. Oligodendrocytes undergo characteristic physiological maturation during differentiation in vitro, and patch-clamp electrophysiology allows a detailed examination of maturation state and, potentially, pathologically related variations of ion channel expression and regulation. Here, we detail our methodology to generate oligodendrocyte precursor cells and oligodendrocytes and characterize them electrophysiologically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Magnani
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. .,Euan MacDonald Centre, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
| | - Siddharthan Chandran
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Euan MacDonald Centre, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - David J A Wyllie
- Centre For Discovery Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Matthew R Livesey
- Centre For Discovery Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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117
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He Z, Gao Y, Alhadeff AL, Castorena CM, Huang Y, Lieu L, Afrin S, Sun J, Betley JN, Guo H, Williams KW. Cellular and synaptic reorganization of arcuate NPY/AgRP and POMC neurons after exercise. Mol Metab 2018; 18:107-119. [PMID: 30292523 PMCID: PMC6308029 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2018.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hypothalamic Pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) and Neuropeptide Y/Agouti-Related Peptide (NPY/AgRP) neurons are critical nodes of a circuit within the brain that sense key metabolic cues as well as regulate metabolism. Importantly, these neurons retain an innate ability to rapidly reorganize synaptic inputs and electrophysiological properties in response to metabolic state. While the cellular properties of these neurons have been investigated in the context of obesity, much less is known about the effects of exercise training. METHODS In order to further investigate this issue, we utilized neuron-specific transgenic mouse models to identify POMC and NPY/AgRP neurons for patch-clamp electrophysiology experiments. RESULTS Using whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology, we found exercise depolarized and increased firing rate of arcuate POMC neurons. The increased excitability of POMC neurons was concomitant with increased excitatory inputs to these neurons. In agreement with recent work suggesting leptin plays an important role in the synaptic (re)organization of POMC neurons, POMC neurons which express leptin receptors were more sensitive to exercise-induced changes in biophysical properties. Opposite to effects observed in POMC neurons, NPY neurons were shunted toward inhibition following exercise. CONCLUSIONS Together, these data support a rapid reorganization of synaptic inputs and biophysical properties in response to exercise, which may facilitate adaptations to altered energy balance and glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyan He
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, China; Division of Hypothalamic Research, Department of Internal Medicine, the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yong Gao
- Division of Hypothalamic Research, Department of Internal Medicine, the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA; National Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Amber L Alhadeff
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Carlos M Castorena
- Division of Hypothalamic Research, Department of Internal Medicine, the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yiru Huang
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, China; Division of Hypothalamic Research, Department of Internal Medicine, the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Linh Lieu
- Division of Hypothalamic Research, Department of Internal Medicine, the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Sadia Afrin
- Division of Hypothalamic Research, Department of Internal Medicine, the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jia Sun
- Division of Hypothalamic Research, Department of Internal Medicine, the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - J Nicholas Betley
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Hongbo Guo
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, China
| | - Kevin W Williams
- Division of Hypothalamic Research, Department of Internal Medicine, the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA.
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118
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Namer B, Schmidt D, Eberhardt E, Maroni M, Dorfmeister E, Kleggetveit IP, Kaluza L, Meents J, Gerlach A, Lin Z, Winterpacht A, Dragicevic E, Kohl Z, Schüttler J, Kurth I, Warncke T, Jorum E, Winner B, Lampert A. Pain relief in a neuropathy patient by lacosamide: Proof of principle of clinical translation from patient-specific iPS cell-derived nociceptors. EBioMedicine 2018; 39:401-408. [PMID: 30503201 PMCID: PMC6354557 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small fiber neuropathy (SFN) is a severe and disabling chronic pain syndrome with no causal and limited symptomatic treatment options. Mechanistically based individual treatment is not available. We report an in-vitro predicted individualized treatment success in one therapy-refractory Caucasian patient suffering from SFN for over ten years. METHODS Intrinsic excitability of human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) derived nociceptors from this patient and respective controls were recorded on multi-electrode (MEA) arrays, in the presence and absence of lacosamide. The patient's pain ratings were assessed by a visual analogue scale (10: worst pain, 0: no pain) and treatment effect was objectified by microneurography recordings of the patient's single nerve C-fibers. FINDINGS We identified patient-specific changes in iPSC-derived nociceptor excitability in MEA recordings, which were reverted by the FDA-approved compound lacosamide in vitro. Using this drug for individualized treatment of this patient, the patient's pain ratings decreased from 7.5 to 1.5. Consistent with the pain relief reported by the patient, microneurography recordings of the patient's single nerve fibers mirrored a reduced spontaneous nociceptor (C-fiber) activity in the patient during lacosamide treatment. Microneurography recordings yielded an objective measurement of altered peripheral nociceptor activity following treatment. INTERPRETATION Thus, we are here presenting one example of successful patient specific precision medicine using iPSC technology and individualized therapeutic treatment based on patient-derived sensory neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Namer
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; Department of Experimental Pain Research, Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, Germany; Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research within the faculty of Medicine at the RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Diana Schmidt
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Esther Eberhardt
- Department of Anesthesiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michele Maroni
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; Department of Anesthesiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Eva Dorfmeister
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Luisa Kaluza
- Institute of Physiology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jannis Meents
- Institute of Physiology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | | | | | - Andreas Winterpacht
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Zacharias Kohl
- Department of Molecular Neurology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Schüttler
- Department of Anesthesiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ingo Kurth
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Torhild Warncke
- Department of Anesthesiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ellen Jorum
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Section of Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Beate Winner
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany; Center of Rare Diseases Erlangen (ZSEER), Germany.
| | - Angelika Lampert
- Institute of Physiology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
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119
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Korkka I, Viheriälä T, Juuti-Uusitalo K, Uusitalo-Järvinen H, Skottman H, Hyttinen J, Nymark S. Functional Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels Are Present in Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Retinal Pigment Epithelium. Stem Cells Transl Med 2018; 8:179-193. [PMID: 30394009 PMCID: PMC6344904 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.18-0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) performs important functions for the maintenance of photoreceptors and vision. Malfunctions within the RPE are implicated in several retinal diseases for which transplantations of stem cell‐derived RPE are promising treatment options. Their success, however, is largely dependent on the functionality of the transplanted cells. This requires correct cellular physiology, which is highly influenced by the various ion channels of RPE, including voltage‐gated Ca2+ (CaV) channels. This study investigated the localization and functionality of CaV channels in human embryonic stem cell (hESC)‐derived RPE. Whole‐cell patch‐clamp recordings from these cells revealed slowly inactivating L‐type currents comparable to freshly isolated mouse RPE. Some hESC‐RPE cells also carried fast transient T‐type resembling currents. These findings were confirmed by immunostainings from both hESC‐ and mouse RPE that showed the presence of the L‐type Ca2+ channels CaV1.2 and CaV1.3 as well as the T‐type Ca2+ channels CaV3.1 and CaV3.2. The localization of the major subtype, CaV1.3, changed during hESC‐RPE maturation co‐localizing with pericentrin to the base of the primary cilium before reaching more homogeneous membrane localization comparable to mouse RPE. Based on functional assessment, the L‐type Ca2+ channels participated in the regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor secretion as well as in the phagocytosis of photoreceptor outer segments in hESC‐RPE. Overall, this study demonstrates that a functional machinery of voltage‐gated Ca2+ channels is present in mature hESC‐RPE, which is promising for the success of transplantation therapies. stem cells translational medicine2019;8:179&15
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Affiliation(s)
- Iina Korkka
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, BioMediTech, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Taina Viheriälä
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, BioMediTech, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland.,Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, BioMediTech, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kati Juuti-Uusitalo
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, BioMediTech, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Hannele Uusitalo-Järvinen
- Eye Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.,Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Heli Skottman
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, BioMediTech, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jari Hyttinen
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, BioMediTech, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Soile Nymark
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, BioMediTech, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland
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Cabanas H, Muraki K, Eaton N, Balinas C, Staines D, Marshall-Gradisnik S. Loss of Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 3 ion channel function in natural killer cells from Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis patients. Mol Med 2018; 24:44. [PMID: 30134818 PMCID: PMC6092868 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-018-0046-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS)/ Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (ME) is a debilitating disorder that is accompanied by reduced cytotoxic activity in natural killer (NK) cells. NK cells are an essential innate immune cell, responsible for recognising and inducing apoptosis of tumour and virus infected cells. Calcium is an essential component in mediating this cellular function. Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 3 (TRPM3) cation channels have an important regulatory role in mediating calcium influx to help maintain cellular homeostasis. Several single nucleotide polymorphisms have been reported in TRPM3 genes from isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells, NK and B cells in patients with CFS/ME and have been proposed to correlate with illness presentation. Moreover, a significant reduction in both TRPM3 surface expression and intracellular calcium mobilisation in NK cells has been found in CFS/ME patients compared with healthy controls. Despite the functional importance of TRPM3, little is known about the ion channel function in NK cells and the epiphenomenon of CFS/ME. The objective of the present study was to characterise the TRPM3 ion channel function in NK cells from CFS/ME patients in comparison with healthy controls using whole cell patch-clamp techniques. Methods NK cells were isolated from 12 age- and sex-matched healthy controls and CFS patients. Whole cell electrophysiology recording has been used to assess TRPM3 ion channel activity after modulation with pregnenolone sulfate and ononetin. Results We report a significant reduction in amplitude of TRPM3 current after pregnenolone sulfate stimulation in isolated NK cells from CFS/ME patients compared with healthy controls. In addition, we found pregnenolone sulfate-evoked ionic currents through TRPM3 channels were significantly modulated by ononetin in isolated NK cells from healthy controls compared with CFS/ME patients. Conclusions TRPM3 activity is impaired in CFS/ME patients suggesting changes in intracellular Ca2+ concentration, which may impact NK cellular functions. This investigation further helps to understand the intracellular-mediated roles in NK cells and confirm the potential role of TRPM3 ion channels in the aetiology and pathomechanism of CFS/ME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Cabanas
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia. .,The National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.
| | - Katsuhiko Muraki
- Laboratory of Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Aichi-Gakuin University, Chikusa, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Natalie Eaton
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.,The National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Cassandra Balinas
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.,The National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Donald Staines
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.,The National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Sonya Marshall-Gradisnik
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.,The National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
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121
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Kaluza L, Meents JE, Hampl M, Rösseler C, Hautvast PAI, Detro-Dassen S, Hausmann R, Schmalzing G, Lampert A. Loss-of-function of Nav1.8/D1639N linked to human pain can be rescued by lidocaine. Pflugers Arch 2018; 470:1787-801. [PMID: 30099632 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-018-2189-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in voltage-gated sodium channels are associated with altered pain perception in humans. Most of these mutations studied to date present with a direct and intuitive link between the altered electrophysiological function of the channel and the phenotype of the patient. In this study, we characterize a variant of Nav1.8, D1639N, which has been previously identified in a patient suffering from the chronic pain syndrome "small fiber neuropathy". Using a heterologous expression system and patch-clamp analysis, we show that Nav1.8/D1639N reduces current density without altering biophysical gating properties of Nav1.8. Therefore, the D1639N variant causes a loss-of-function of the Nav1.8 sodium channel in a patient suffering from chronic pain. Using immunocytochemistry and biochemical approaches, we show that Nav1.8/D1639N impairs trafficking of the channel to the cell membrane. Neither co-expression of β1 or β3 subunit, nor overnight incubation at 27 °C rescued current density of the D1639N variant. On the other hand, overnight incubation with lidocaine fully restored current density of Nav1.8/D1639N most likely by overcoming the trafficking defect, whereas phenytoin failed to do so. Since lidocaine rescues the loss-of-function of Nav1.8/D1639N, it may offer a future therapeutic option for the patient carrying this variant. These results demonstrate that the D1639N variant, identified in a patient suffering from chronic pain, causes loss-of-function of the channel due to impaired cell surface trafficking and that this trafficking defect can be rescued by lidocaine.
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Musial TF, Molina-Campos E, Bean LA, Ybarra N, Borenstein R, Russo ML, Buss EW, Justus D, Neuman KM, Ayala GD, Mullen SA, Voskobiynyk Y, Tulisiak CT, Fels JA, Corbett NJ, Carballo G, Kennedy CD, Popovic J, Ramos-Franco J, Fill M, Pergande MR, Borgia JA, Corbett GT, Pahan K, Han Y, Chetkovich DM, Vassar RJ, Byrne RW, Matthew Oh M, Stoub TR, Remy S, Disterhoft JF, Nicholson DA. Store depletion-induced h-channel plasticity rescues a channelopathy linked to Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2018; 154:141-57. [PMID: 29906573 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Voltage-gated ion channels are critical for neuronal integration. Some of these channels, however, are misregulated in several neurological disorders, causing both gain- and loss-of-function channelopathies in neurons. Using several transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer's disease (AD), we find that sub-threshold voltage signals strongly influenced by hyperpolarization-activated, cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels progressively deteriorate over chronological aging in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons. The degraded signaling via HCN channels in the transgenic mice is accompanied by an age-related global loss of their non-uniform dendritic expression. Both the aberrant signaling via HCN channels and their mislocalization could be restored using a variety of pharmacological agents that target the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Our rescue of the HCN channelopathy helps provide molecular details into the favorable outcomes of ER-targeting drugs on the pathogenesis and synaptic/cognitive deficits in AD mouse models, and implies that they might have beneficial effects on neurological disorders linked to HCN channelopathies.
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123
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Medelin M, Porrelli D, Aurand ER, Scaini D, Travan A, Borgogna MA, Cok M, Donati I, Marsich E, Scopa C, Scardigli R, Paoletti S, Ballerini L. Exploiting natural polysaccharides to enhance in vitro bio-constructs of primary neurons and progenitor cells. Acta Biomater 2018; 73:285-301. [PMID: 29621637 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Current strategies in Central Nervous System (CNS) repair focus on the engineering of artificial scaffolds for guiding and promoting neuronal tissue regrowth. Ideally, one should combine such synthetic structures with stem cell therapies, encapsulating progenitor cells and instructing their differentiation and growth. We used developments in the design, synthesis, and characterization of polysaccharide-based bioactive polymeric materials for testing the ideal composite supporting neuronal network growth, synapse formation and stem cell differentiation into neurons and motor neurons. Moreover, we investigated the feasibility of combining these approaches with engineered mesenchymal stem cells able to release neurotrophic factors. We show here that composite bio-constructs made of Chitlac, a Chitosan derivative, favor hippocampal neuronal growth, synapse formation and the differentiation of progenitors into the proper neuronal lineage, that can be improved by local and continuous delivery of neurotrophins. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE In our work, we characterized polysaccharide-based bioactive platforms as biocompatible materials for nerve tissue engineering. We show that Chitlac-thick substrates are able to promote neuronal growth, differentiation, maturation and formation of active synapses. These observations support this new material as a promising candidate for the development of complex bio-constructs promoting central nervous system regeneration. Our novel findings sustain the exploitation of polysaccharide-based scaffolds able to favour neuronal network reconstruction. Our study shows that Chitlac-thick may be an ideal candidate for the design of biomaterial scaffolds enriched with stem cell therapies as an innovative approach for central nervous system repair.
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124
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Yaakob NS, Nguyen DT, Exintaris B, Irving HR. The C and E subunits of the serotonin 5-HT 3 receptor subtly modulate electrical properties of the receptor. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 97:1701-1709. [PMID: 29793334 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Serotonin type 3 (5-hydroxytrptamine-3, 5-HT3) receptors are ligand-gated cation channels present in both central and peripheral nervous systems. In humans there are five different subunits (A, B, C, D and E) of 5-HT3 receptors which can form homomeric or heteromeric receptors that may account for discrepancies in patient responses to treatments. The present study commences characterisation of the profiles of human 5-HT3 receptors containing C and/or E subunits. Recombinant 5-HT3 receptors were expressed transiently in HEK293T cells and expression was checked via immunocytochemistry staining against each epitope-tagged subunits. Functional characterisation of different combinations of 5-HT3 receptor complexes was studied via patch clamp whole cell recordings. In this study, increased current was seen in cells containing A and C subunits but only subtle changes were seen in the electrical properties of cells expressing A, AE, or ACE subunits in response to the ligand, 5-HT. Both di- and tri-heteromeric 5-HT3 receptors were significantly inhibited by the antagonists, ondansetron and palonosetron. Notably, palonosetron exerted stronger and more rapid inhibition on the 5-HT3 receptor ACE tri-heteromer compared to homomeric and di-heteromeric counterparts. This study demonstrated that the C and E subunits when assembled as simple or complex heteromeric 5-HT3 receptors may alter efficacies of 5-HT and clinically used antagonists such as ondansetron and palonosetron, and this in turn may have implications for patient responses to therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nor Syafinaz Yaakob
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville Campus), 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Dan-Thanh Nguyen
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville Campus), 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Betty Exintaris
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville Campus), 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Helen Ruth Irving
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville Campus), 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.
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125
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Telezhkin V, Straccia M, Yarova P, Pardo M, Yung S, Vinh NN, Hancock JM, Barriga GGD, Brown DA, Rosser AE, Brown JT, Canals JM, Randall AD, Allen ND, Kemp PJ. Kv7 channels are upregulated during striatal neuron development and promote maturation of human iPSC-derived neurons. Pflugers Arch 2018; 470:1359-1376. [PMID: 29797067 PMCID: PMC6096767 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-018-2155-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Kv7 channels determine the resting membrane potential of neurons and regulate their excitability. Even though dysfunction of Kv7 channels has been linked to several debilitating childhood neuronal disorders, the ontogeny of the constituent genes, which encode Kv7 channels (KNCQ), and expression of their subunits have been largely unexplored. Here, we show that developmentally regulated expression of specific KCNQ mRNA and Kv7 channel subunits in mouse and human striatum is crucial to the functional maturation of mouse striatal neurons and human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons. This demonstrates their pivotal role in normal development and maturation, the knowledge of which can now be harnessed to synchronise and accelerate neuronal differentiation of stem cell-derived neurons, enhancing their utility for disease modelling and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vsevolod Telezhkin
- School of Dental Sciences, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4BW, UK. .,School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, The Sir Martin Evans Building, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK. .,Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, London University College, London, UK.
| | - Marco Straccia
- Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, August Pi Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Polina Yarova
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, The Sir Martin Evans Building, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK
| | - Monica Pardo
- Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, August Pi Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sun Yung
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, The Sir Martin Evans Building, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK
| | - Ngoc-Nga Vinh
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, The Sir Martin Evans Building, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK
| | - Jane M Hancock
- School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Gerardo Garcia-Diaz Barriga
- Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, August Pi Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
| | - David A Brown
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, London University College, London, UK
| | - Anne E Rosser
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, The Sir Martin Evans Building, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK.,Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Hadyn Ellis Building, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Jonathan T Brown
- Hatherly Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Josep M Canals
- Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, August Pi Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrew D Randall
- School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,Hatherly Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Nicholas D Allen
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, The Sir Martin Evans Building, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK
| | - Paul J Kemp
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, The Sir Martin Evans Building, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK
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126
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Wang C, Fujita T, Kumamoto E. Modulation by orexin A of spontaneous excitatory and inhibitory transmission in adult rat spinal substantia gelatinosa neurons. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 501:100-5. [PMID: 29705705 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.04.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Hypothalamic neuropeptides, orexins A and B, differently inhibit nociceptive behavior. This difference is possibly due to a distinction between orexins A and B in modulating synaptic transmission in spinal substantia gelatinosa (SG) neurons that play a pivotal role in regulating nociceptive transmission. Although we previously reported a modulatory action of orexin B on synaptic transmission in adult rat SG neurons, it has not been fully examined how the transmission is affected by orexin A. The present study examined the effects of orexin A on spontaneous excitatory and inhibitory transmission in SG neurons of adult rat spinal cord slices by using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. Like orexin B, orexin A produced an inward current at -70 mV and/or increased the frequency of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic current without changing its amplitude. Half-maximal effective concentration values for their effects were 0.0045 and 0.030 μM, respectively; the former value was four-fold smaller than that of orexin B while the latter value was comparable to that of orexin B. Orexin A enhanced not only glycinergic but also GABAergic transmission, although only glycinergic transmission was facilitated by orexin B in the majority of neurons tested. Orexin A activities were inhibited by an orexin-1 receptor antagonist (SB334867) but not an orexin-2 receptor antagonist (JNJ10397049), as different from orexin B whose activation was depressed by JNJ10397049 but not SB334867. These results indicate that orexin A has a different action from orexin B in SG neurons in efficacy for inward current production and in GABAergic transmission enhancement, possibly owing to orexin-1 but not orexin-2 receptor activation. This difference could contribute to at least a part of the distinction between orexins A and B in antinociceptive effects.
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127
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Nieto-Marín P, Jiménez-Jáimez J, Tinaquero D, Alfayate S, Utrilla RG, Rodríguez Vázquez Del Rey MDM, Perin F, Sarquella-Brugada G, Monserrat L, Brugada J, Tercedor L, Tamargo J, Delpón E, Caballero R. Digenic Heterozigosity in SCN5A and CACNA1C Explains the Variable Expressivity of the Long QT Phenotype in a Spanish Family. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 72:324-32. [PMID: 29691127 DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2018.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES A known long QT syndrome-related mutation in Nav1.5 cardiac channels (p.R1644H) was found in 4 members of a Spanish family but only 1 of them showed prolongation of the QT interval. In the other 3 relatives, a novel missense mutation in Cav1.2 cardiac channels was found (p.S1961N). Here, we functionally analyzed p.S1961N Cav1.2 channels to elucidate whether this mutation regulates the expressivity of the long QT syndrome phenotype in this family. METHODS L-type calcium current (ICaL) recordings were performed by using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique in Chinese hamster ovary cells transiently transfected with native and/or p.S1961N Cav1.2 channels. RESULTS Expression of p.S1961N channels significantly decreased ICaL density. Using Ba as a charge carrier to suppress the Ca-dependent inactivation of Cav1.2 channels, we demonstrated that the mutation significantly accelerates the voltage-dependent inactivation of Cav1.2 channels decreasing the inactivation time constant. As a consequence, the total charge flowing through p.S1961N Cav1.2 channels significantly decreased. The effects of the p.S1961N Cav1.2 and p.R1644H Nav1.5 mutations alone or their combination on the action potential (AP) morphology were simulated using a validated model of the human ventricular AP. The p.S1961N Cav1.2 mutation shortens the AP duration and abrogates the prolongation induced by p.R1644H Nav1.5 channels. CONCLUSIONS The p.S1961N mutation in Cav1.2 channels decreased the ICaL, an effect which might shorten ventricular AP. The presence of the loss-of-function Cav1.2 mutation could functionally compensate the prolonging effects produced by the Nav1.5 gain-of-function mutation.
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128
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Tyutyaev P, Grissmer S. Characterization of the σ-Pore in Mutant hKv1.3 Potassium Channels. Cell Physiol Biochem 2018; 46:1112-1121. [PMID: 29669325 DOI: 10.1159/000488840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The replacement of the amino acid valine at position 388 (Shaker position 438) in hKv1.3 channels or at the homologue position 370 in hKv1.2 channels resulted in a channel with two different ion conducting pathways: One pathway was the central, potassium-selective α-pore, that was sensitive to block by peptide toxins (CTX or KTX in the hKv1.3_V388C channel and CTX or MTX in the hKv1.2_V370C channel). The other pathway (σ-pore) was behind the central α-pore creating an inward current at potentials more negative than -100 mV, a potential range where the central α-pore was closed. In addition, current through the σ-pore could not be reduced by CTX, KTX or MTX in the hKv1.3_V388C or the hKv1.2_V370C channel, respectively. METHODS For a more detailed characterization of the σ-pore, we created a trimer consisting of three hKv1.3_V388C α-subunits linked together and characterized current through this trimeric hKv1.3_V388C channel. Additionally, we determined which amino acids line the σ-pore in the tetrameric hKv1.3_V388C channel by replacing single amino acids in the tetrameric hKv1.3_V388C mutant channel that could be involved in σ-pore formation. RESULTS Overexpression of the trimeric hKv1.3_V388C channel in COS-7 cells yielded typical σ-pore currents at potentials more negative than -100 mV similar to what was observed for the tetrameric hKv1.3_V388C channel. Electrophysiological properties of the trimeric and tetrameric channel were similar: currents could be observed at potentials more negative than -100 mV, were not carried by protons or chloride ions, and could not be reduced by peptide toxins (CTX, MTX) or TEA. The σ-pore was mostly permeable to Na+ and Li+. In addition, in our site-directed mutagenesis experiments, we created a number of new double mutant channels in the tetrameric hKv1.3_V388C background channel. Two of these tetrameric double mutant channels (hKv1.3_V388C_T392Y and hKv1.3_V388C_Y395W) did not show currents through the σ-pore. CONCLUSIONS From our experiments with the trimeric hKv1.3_V388C channel we conclude that the σ-pore exists in hKv1.3_V388C channels independently of the α-pore. From our site-directed mutagenesis experiments in the tetrameric hKv1.3_V388C channel we conclude that amino acid position 392 and 395 (Shaker position 442 and 445) line the σ-pore.
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129
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Haverinen J, Hassinen M, Korajoki H, Vornanen M. Cardiac voltage-gated sodium channel expression and electrophysiological characterization of the sodium current in the zebrafish (Danio rerio) ventricle. Prog Biophys Mol Biol 2018; 138:59-68. [PMID: 29655910 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Na+ channel α-subunit composition of the zebrafish heart and electrophysiological properties of Na+ current (INa) of zebrafish ventricular myocytes were examined. Eight Na+ channel α-subunits were expressed in both atrium and ventricle of the zebrafish heart. Nav1.5Lb, an orthologue to the human Nav1.5, was clearly the predominant isoform in both chambers representing 65.2 ± 4.1% and 83.1 ± 2.1% of all Na+ channel transcripts in atrium and ventricle, respectively. Nav1.4b, an orthologue to human Nav1.4, formed 34.1 ± 4.1 and 16.2 ± 2.0% of the Na+ channel transcripts in atrium and ventricle, respectively. The density of INa and the rate of action potential upstroke in zebrafish ventricular myocytes at 28 °C were similar to those of human ventricles at the comparable temperature. Na+ channel isoforms and the main electrophysiological characteristics of the INa are largely similar in zebrafish and human hearts indicating evolutionary conservation of Na+ channel composition and function. The zebrafish INa differs from the human cardiac INa in terms of higher tetrodotoxin sensitivity (IC50-value = 5.3 ± 0.1 nM) and slower inactivation kinetics. The zebrafish INa was inhibited with tricaine (MS-222) with an IC50-value of 1.2 ± 0.18 mM (336 mg l-1), suggesting some care in the use of MS-222 as an anesthetic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaakko Haverinen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Finland
| | - Minna Hassinen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Finland
| | - Hanna Korajoki
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Finland
| | - Matti Vornanen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Finland.
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Carpaneto A, Gradogna A. Modulation of calcium and potassium permeation in plant TPC channels. Biophys Chem 2018; 236:1-7. [PMID: 29486387 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Plant two-pore channels (TPCs) are non-selective cation channels permeable both to monovalent potassium and divalent calcium. We previously developed a technique that allowed the simultaneous determination of the fluxes of these two ions across the channel by a combined use of patch-clamp and fluorescence. In this paper we studied how potassium and calcium fluxes were influenced by modification of cytosolic concentrations of K+ and Ca2+. A decrease in cytosolic calcium from 2 to 0.5 mM led to a shift of the activation curve of about +60 mV; although at positive potentials currents were very similar, calcium ion permeation was significantly reduced and the ratio between the total and calcium-mediated current increased about two-fold. Upon removal of cytosolic potassium, in the presence of 2 mM cytosolic calcium, the voltage-dependent activation curve was not modified but a dramatic reduction of the currents at positive voltages was apparent. However, calcium permeation did not change significantly in this condition. This work demonstrated that the electrophysiological measurements alone were not capable to predict the extent of the flow of different ions through cation channels. The parallel use of calcium detection by fluorescent dyes proved to be a valuable tool for the correct quantification of the permeation mechanisms in non-selective ion channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armando Carpaneto
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 5, 16132 Genova, Italy; Institute of Biophysics, CNR, Via De Marini 6, 16149 Genova, Italy.
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Li J, Yu T, Shi F, Zhang Y, Duan Z, Fu B, Zhang Y. Involvement of Ventral Periaqueductal Gray Dopaminergic Neurons in Propofol Anesthesia. Neurochem Res 2018; 43:838-847. [PMID: 29417470 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-018-2486-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
It has been reported that central dopaminergic system is implicated in the mechanism underlying general anesthesia. Whether dopamine (DA) neurons in midbrain ventral periaqueductal gray (vPAG) are involved in general anesthesia and how general anesthetics affect these neurons remain sparsely documented. To determine the role of vPAG DA neurons in propofol-induced anesthesia, we performed microinjection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) into vPAG to damage DA neurons and investigated the alteration in somatosensory electroencephalogram (EEG), as well as the induction and recovery time of propofol anesthesia. Subsequently, we examined the effect of propofol on the electrophysiological activity of DA neurons in vPAG using whole-cell patch clamp. Two weeks after 6-OHDA microinfusion, DA neurons in the vPAG were markedly reduced by 63.6% in the 6-OHDA-treated rats compared with vehicle rats. This lesion significantly shortened the induction time (7.15 ± 3.97 s vs. 11.18 ± 2.83 s, P < 0.05) and prolonged the recovery time of propofol anesthesia (780.26 ± 150.86 s vs. 590.68 ± 107.97 s, P < 0.05). Meanwhile, EEG in somatosensory cortex revealed that delta power (0-4 Hz) was significantly higher in 6-OHDA-treated rats than vehicle rats. In the electrophysiological experiment, propofol decreased the frequency of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents rather than the amplitude and decay time. In addition, propofol preferentially increased the frequency and prolonged the decay time of spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents without affecting the amplitude. SIGNIFICANCE Propofol can promote presynaptic GABA release, inhibit presynaptic glutamate release and increase postsynaptic GABAA receptor sensitivity, which eventually inhibits the activity of vPAG DA neurons and thereby influences the state of consciousness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical College, No. 48 Fenghao West Road, Xi'an, 710077, China
| | - Tian Yu
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - Fu Shi
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - Zikun Duan
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - Bao Fu
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China. .,Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, 563000, China.
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132
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Andharia N, Hayashi M, Matsuda H. Electrophysiological properties of anion exchangers in the luminal membrane of guinea pig pancreatic duct cells. Pflugers Arch 2018; 470:897-907. [PMID: 29399744 PMCID: PMC5945753 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-018-2116-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The pancreatic duct epithelium secretes the HCO3−-rich pancreatic juice. The HCO3− transport across the luminal membrane has been proposed to be mediated by SLC26A Cl−–HCO3− exchangers. To examine the electrophysiological properties of Cl−–HCO3− exchangers, we directly measured HCO3− conductance in the luminal membrane of the interlobular pancreatic duct cells from guinea pigs using an inside-out patch-clamp technique. Intracellular HCO3− increased the HCO3− conductance with a half-maximal effective concentration value of approximately 30 mM. The selectivity sequence based on permeability ratios was SCN− (1.4) > Cl− (1.2) = gluconate (1.1) = I− (1.1) = HCO3− (1.0) > methanesulfonate (0.6). The sequence of the relative conductance was HCO3− (1.0) > SCN− (0.7) = I− (0.7) > Cl− (0.5) = gluconate (0.4) > methanesulfonate (0.2). The current dependent on intracellular HCO3− was reduced by replacement of extracellular Cl− with gluconate or by H2DIDS, an inhibitor of Cl−–HCO3− exchangers. RT-PCR analysis revealed that the interlobular and main ducts expressed all SLC26A family members except Slc26a5 and Slc26a8. SLC26A1, SLC26A4, SLC26A6, and SLC26A10 were found to be localized to the luminal membrane of the guinea pig pancreatic duct by immunohistochemistry. These results demonstrate that these SLC26A Cl−–HCO3− exchangers may mediate the electrogenic HCO3− transport through the luminal membrane and may be involved in pancreatic secretion in guinea pig ducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Andharia
- Department of Physiology, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, 573-1010, Japan
| | - M Hayashi
- Department of Physiology, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, 573-1010, Japan.
| | - H Matsuda
- Department of Physiology, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, 573-1010, Japan
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133
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Nielsen BE, Minguez T, Bermudez I, Bouzat C. Molecular function of the novel α7β2 nicotinic receptor. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:2457-2471. [PMID: 29313059 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2741-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The α7 nicotinic receptor is a promising drug target for neurological and inflammatory disorders. Although it is the homomeric member of the family, a novel α7β2 heteromeric receptor has been discovered. To decipher the functional contribution of the β2 subunit, we generated heteromeric receptors with fixed stoichiometry by two different approaches comprising concatenated and unlinked subunits. Receptors containing up to three β2 subunits are functional. As the number of β2 subunits increases in the pentameric arrangement, the durations of channel openings and activation episodes increase progressively probably due to decreased desensitization. The prolonged activation episodes conform the kinetic signature of α7β2 and may have an impact on neuronal excitability. For activation of α7β2 receptors, an α7/α7 binding-site interface is required, thus indicating that the three β2 subunits are located consecutively in the pentameric arrangement. α7-positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) are emerging as novel therapeutic drugs. The presence of β2 in the pentamer affects neither type II PAM potentiation nor activation by an allosteric agonist whereas it impairs type I PAM potentiation. This first single-channel study provides fundamental basis required to decipher the role and function of the novel α7β2 receptor and opens doors to develop selective therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz E Nielsen
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca, Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (UNS-CONICET), 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Teresa Minguez
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, OX3 0BP, UK
| | - Isabel Bermudez
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, OX3 0BP, UK
| | - Cecilia Bouzat
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca, Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (UNS-CONICET), 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
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Abstract
Polyamines (PAs) are unique polycationic metabolites, which modulate plants' growth, development, and stress responses. As polycations, PAs interfere with cationic transport systems as ion channels and ionotropic pumps. Here, we describe the application of two techniques, MIFE to study the effects of PAs on cation fluxes in vivo and conventional patch-clamp to evaluate the PA blockage of ion currents in isolated plant vacuoles. Preparation of vacuoles for patch-clamp assays is described and solutions and voltage protocols are given, which allow separate recordings of major vacuolar channel currents and quantify their blockage by PAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Zepeda-Jazo
- Universidad de La Ciénega del Estado de Michoacán de Ocampo, Av. Universidad 3000, Lomas de la Universidad, Sahuayo, 59103, Michoacán, México
| | - Igor Pottosin
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Av. 25 de julio 965, Villa de San Sebastian, 28045, Colima, Colima, México.
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135
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Babateen O, Korol SV, Jin Z, Bhandage AK, Ahemaiti A, Birnir B. Liraglutide modulates GABAergic signaling in rat hippocampal CA3 pyramidal neurons predominantly by presynaptic mechanism. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2017; 18:83. [PMID: 29246184 PMCID: PMC5732397 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-017-0191-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain where it regulates activity of neuronal networks. The receptor for glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is expressed in the hippocampus, which is the center for memory and learning. In this study we examined effects of liraglutide, a GLP-1 analog, on GABA signaling in CA3 hippocampal pyramidal neurons. Methods We used patch-clamp electrophysiology to record synaptic and tonic GABA-activated currents in CA3 pyramidal neurons in rat hippocampal brain slices. Results We examined the effects of liraglutide on the neurons at concentrations ranging from one nM to one μM. Significant changes of the spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents (sIPSCs) were only recorded with 100 nM liraglutide and then in just ≈50% of the neurons tested at this concentration. In neurons affected by liraglutide both the sIPSC frequency and the most probable amplitudes increased. When the action potential firing was inhibited by tetrodotoxin (TTX) the frequency and amplitude of IPSCs in TTX and in TTX plus 100 nM liraglutide were similar. Conclusions The results demonstrate that liraglutide regulation of GABA signaling of CA3 pyramidal neurons is predominantly presynaptic and more limited than has been observed for GLP-1 and exendin-4 in hippocampal neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Babateen
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, 75124, Uppsala, SE, Sweden
| | - Sergiy V Korol
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, 75124, Uppsala, SE, Sweden
| | - Zhe Jin
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, 75124, Uppsala, SE, Sweden
| | - Amol K Bhandage
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, 75124, Uppsala, SE, Sweden
| | - Aikeremu Ahemaiti
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, 75124, Uppsala, SE, Sweden
| | - Bryndis Birnir
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, 75124, Uppsala, SE, Sweden.
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136
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He BH, Christin M, Mouchbahani-Constance S, Davidova A, Sharif-Naeini R. Mechanosensitive ion channels in articular nociceptors drive mechanical allodynia in osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2017; 25:2091-2099. [PMID: 28882752 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2017.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disabling and highly prevalent condition affecting millions worldwide. Pain is the major complaint of OA patients and is presently inadequately managed. It manifests as mechanical allodynia, a painful response to innocuous stimuli such as joint movement. Allodynia is due in part to the sensitization of articular nociceptors to mechanical stimuli. These nociceptors respond to noxious mechanical stimuli applied to their terminals via the expression of depolarizing high-threshold mechanosensitive ion channels (MSICs) that convert painful mechanical forces into electrical signals. In this study, we examined the contribution of MSICs to mechanical allodynia in a mouse model of OA. METHOD Sodium mono-iodoacetate (MIA) was injected in the left knee of adult male Trpv1:Cre; GFP mice. Primary mechanical allodynia was monitored using the knee-bend test. Single-channel patch clamp electrophysiology was performed on visually-identified knee-innervating nociceptors. Dorsal horn neuronal activation was assessed by Fos immunoreactivity. RESULTS In examining the gating properties of MSICs of naïve and OA mice, we discovered that their activation threshold is greatly reduced, causing their opening at significantly lower stimuli intensities. Consequently, nociceptors are activated by mild mechanical stimuli. These channels are reversibly inhibited by the selective MSIC inhibitor GsMTx4, and the intra-articular injection of this peptide significantly reduced the activation of dorsal horn nociceptive circuits and primary mechanical allodynia in OA mice. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that MSICs are sensitized during OA and directly contribute to mechanical allodynia. They therefore represent potential therapeutic targets in the treatment of OA pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- B H He
- Department of Physiology and Cell Information Systems, McGill University, Canada.
| | - M Christin
- Department of Physiology and Cell Information Systems, McGill University, Canada.
| | | | - A Davidova
- Department of Physiology and Cell Information Systems, McGill University, Canada.
| | - R Sharif-Naeini
- Department of Physiology and Cell Information Systems, McGill University, Canada.
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137
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Zhu G, Ma S, Li X, Zhang P, Tang L, Cao L, Liu A, Sugita T, Tomoda T. The effect of ethanol extract of Glycyrrhiza uralensis on the voltage-gated sodium channel subtype 1.4. J Pharmacol Sci 2017; 136:57-65. [PMID: 29433959 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the inhibitory effect of Glycyrrhiza uralensis (G. uralensis) and its monomeric compounds on Nav1.4 voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) and analyze the relationship between the content of its marker compounds and the inhibitory rate. Based on this study, we found that 4 mg/ml ethanol extract of G. uralensis at 30%, 50%, 70% and 90% (v/v) exhibited 77.00 ± 0.03%, 34.75 ± 0.09%, 100.00 ± 0.01% and 2.00 ± 0.01% inhibitory rates on INav1.4 respectively, and 8 mg/ml ethanol extract of G. uralensis at 30%, 50%, 70% and 90% (v/v) exhibited 99.00 ± 0.01%, 97.10 ± 0.02%, 100.00 ± 0.01% and 17.00 ± 0.04% inhibitory rates on INav1.4 respectively. Isoliquiritigenin, echinatin, liquiritin and glycyrrhizic acid exhibited higher inhibitory rates of 39.98 ± 4.55%, 33.20 ± 1.61%, 22.62 ± 0.30% and 20.54 ± 4.82% respectively. However, liquiritigenin, formononetin, neoisoliquiritin and glycyrrhetinic acid exhibited lower inhibitory rates of less than 20%. Further, liquiritin apioside, isoliquiritin and neoliquiritin exhibited almost no effect on INav1.4. These findings showed that glycyrrhizic acid reached a maximum concentration of 49.15 μg/ml, while echinatin had the lowest concentration. The ethanol extract of G. uralensis has significant inhibitory effects on Nav1.4 VGSCs. This may be an important mechanism in the treatment of gastrocnemius spasm and could guide further research regarding material basis and mechanism of the treatment of gastrocnemius spasm with peony and licorice decoction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangwei Zhu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Shengjun Ma
- School of Food Sciences and Pharmacy, Xinjiang Agriculture University, Urumqi, 830052, China.
| | - Xiwen Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Peng Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Lin Tang
- China Medico Corporation, Tianjin, 300301, China.
| | - Lijuan Cao
- China Medico Corporation, Tianjin, 300301, China.
| | - Aoxue Liu
- School of Chinese Materia, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100102, China.
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Rodrigues AL, Brescia M, Koschinski A, Moreira TH, Cameron RT, Baillie G, Beirão PSL, Zaccolo M, Cruz JS. Increase in Ca 2+ current by sustained cAMP levels enhances proliferation rate in GH3 cells. Life Sci 2017; 192:144-150. [PMID: 29183797 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Ca2+ and cAMP are important intracellular modulators. In order to generate intracellular signals with various amplitudes, as well as different temporal and spatial properties, a tightly and precise control of these modulators in intracellular compartments is necessary. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of elevated and sustained cAMP levels on voltage-dependent Ca2+ currents and proliferation in pituitary tumor GH3 cells. MAIN METHODS Effect of long-term exposure to forskolin and dibutyryl-cyclic AMP (dbcAMP) on Ca2+ current density and cell proliferation rate were determined by using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique and real time cell monitoring system. The cAMP levels were assayed, after exposing transfected GH3 cells with the EPAC-1 cAMP sensor to forskolin and dbcAMP, by FRET analysis. KEY FINDINGS Sustained forskolin treatment (24 and 48h) induced a significant increase in total Ca2+ current density in GH3 cells. Accordingly, dibutyryl-cAMP incubation (dbcAMP) also elicited increase in Ca2+ current density. However, the maximum effect of dbcAMP occurred only after 72h incubation, whereas forskolin showed maximal effect at 48h. FRET-experiments confirmed that the time-course to elevate intracellular cAMP was distinct between forskolin and dbcAMP. Mibefradil inhibited the fast inactivating current component selectively, indicating the recruitment of T-type Ca2+ channels. A significant increase on cell proliferation rate, which could be related to the elevated and sustained intracellular levels of cAMP was observed. SIGNIFICANCE We conclude that maintaining high levels of intracellular cAMP will cause an increase in Ca2+ current density and this phenomenon impacts proliferation rate in GH3 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andréia Laura Rodrigues
- Laboratório CaCIA, Faculdade de Ciências Humanas Sociais e da Saúde, Universidade FUMEC, Brazil.
| | - Marcella Brescia
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - Andreas Koschinski
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - Thaís Helena Moreira
- Laboratório de Membranas Excitáveis e de Biologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Ryan T Cameron
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, Glasgow University, Glasgow, UK
| | - George Baillie
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, Glasgow University, Glasgow, UK
| | - Paulo S L Beirão
- Laboratório de Membranas Excitáveis e de Biologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Manuela Zaccolo
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - Jader S Cruz
- Laboratório de Membranas Excitáveis e de Biologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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139
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Fusi F, Sgaragli G, Valoti M. Gold nanoparticles potentiate Ca V channel currents in rat tail artery myocytes. Toxicol In Vitro 2017; 47:89-93. [PMID: 29158021 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2017.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 11/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to unveil effects of 5-nm sized, polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on vascular CaV1.2 and CaV3.1 channels. Ba2+ currents through both channels (IBa1.2 and IBa3.1) were recorded in single myocytes isolated from the rat tail main artery by means of the whole-cell patch-clamp method. AuNPs increased IBa1.2 and IBa3.1 amplitude in a concentration- and Vh-dependent manner. Neither the voltage dependence of inactivation and activation curves nor inactivation and activation kinetics were affected by AuNPs. In conclusion, these findings warrant further investigation to clarify whether different types of NPs possess the same stimulatory activity and may represent a toxic hazard to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Fusi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Siena, via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Giampietro Sgaragli
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Siena, via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Massimo Valoti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Siena, via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.
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Fukumoto D, Ding WG, Wada Y, Fujii Y, Ichikawa M, Takayama K, Fukuyama M, Kato K, Itoh H, Makiyama T, Omatsu-Kanbe M, Matsuura H, Horie M, Ohno S. Novel intracellular transport-refractory mutations in KCNH2 identified in patients with symptomatic long QT syndrome. J Cardiol 2017; 71:401-408. [PMID: 29146210 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Missense mutations in KCNH2, a gene encoding the Kv11.1 channel, cause long QT syndrome (LQTS) type 2 primarily by disrupting the intracellular transport of Kv11.1 to the plasma membrane. The present study aimed to clarify the functional changes by two novel KCNH2 missense mutations. METHODS We performed genetic screening of three unrelated symptomatic LQTS probands with family histories of cardiac symptoms. Chinese hamster ovary cells were transfected with wild-type (WT) and/or mutant KCNH2 plasmid and examined by patch-clamp technique. Immunostaining and confocal microscopy were performed to evaluate the intracellular localization of WT and homozygous mutant Kv11.1 in human embryonic kidney cells. For the study of trafficking rescue, we used low-temperature incubation (30°C). We also examined pharmacological rescue of homozygous mutant Kv11.1 current in cells treated with E-4031 or dofetilide. RESULTS We identified two novel KCNH2 missense mutations, G785D and T826I. Electrophysiological study showed that both mutant channels were nonfunctional in homozygous condition and reduced current densities by half in heterozygous condition compared with WT Kv11.1. Heterozygous Kv11.1-G785D produced a significant positive shift in activation and a significant negative shift in inactivation, whereas heterozygous Kv11.1-T826I caused no kinetic changes. Immunostaining revealed that both were transport-refractory mutations. Incubation at 30°C rescued plasma membrane expression of Kv11.1-T826I but not G785D. We confirmed low-temperature-induced restoration of homozygous Kv11.1-T826I transport by functional current measurements. In contrast, incubation with E-4031 or dofetilide failed to produce measurable currents in both homozygous mutant channels. CONCLUSIONS Two novel KCNH2 mutations disrupted the intracellular transport of Kv11.1. Low-temperature incubation rescued plasma membrane expression of Kv11.1-T826I but not G785D. Both mutations exerted loss-of-function effects on Kv11.1 and explained the phenotypes of the mutation carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Fukumoto
- Department of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Wei-Guang Ding
- Department of Physiology, Division of Cell Physiology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Yuko Wada
- Department of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Yusuke Fujii
- Department of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Mari Ichikawa
- Department of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Koichiro Takayama
- Department of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Megumi Fukuyama
- Department of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Koichi Kato
- Department of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Hideki Itoh
- Department of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Takeru Makiyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mariko Omatsu-Kanbe
- Department of Physiology, Division of Cell Physiology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Matsuura
- Department of Physiology, Division of Cell Physiology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Minoru Horie
- Department of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Seiko Ohno
- Department of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan; Center for Epidemiologic Research in Asia, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan.
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141
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Diesch AK, Grissmer S. Kinetic Aspects of Verapamil Binding (On-Rate) on Wild-Type and Six hKv1.3 Mutant Channels. Cell Physiol Biochem 2017; 44:172-184. [PMID: 29131061 DOI: 10.1159/000484625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The human-voltage gated Kv1.3 channel (hKv1.3) is expressed in T- and B lymphocytes. Verapamil is able to block hKv1.3 channels. We characterized the effect of verapamil on currents through hKv1.3 channels paying special attention to the on-rate (kon) of verapamil. By comparing on-rates obtained in wild-type (wt) and mutant channels a binding pocket for verapamil and impacts of different amino acid residues should be investigated. METHODS Using the whole-cell patch clamp technique the action of verapamil on currents through wild-type and six hKv1.3 mutant channels in the open state was investigated by measuring the time course of the open channel block in order to calculate kon of verapamil. RESULTS The on-rate of verapamil to block current through hKv1.3_T419C mutant channels is similar to that obtained for hKv1.3_wt channels whereas the on-rate of verapamil to block currents through hKv1.3_L417C and hKv1.3_L418C mutant channels was ∼ 3 times slower compared to in wt channels. The on-rate of verapamil to block currents through hKv1.3_L346C and the double mutant hKv1.3_L346C_L418C channel was ∼ 2 times slower compared to that obtained in the wt channel. The hKv1.3_I420C mutant channel reduced the on-rate of verapamil to block currents ∼ 6 fold. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that position 420 in hKv1.3 channels maximally interferes with verapamil reaching its binding site to block the channel. Positions 417 and 418 in hKv1.3 channels partially hinder verapamil reaching its binding site to block the channel whereas position 419 may not interfere with verapamil at all. Mutant hKv1.3_L346C and hKv1.3_L346C_L418C mutant channels might indirectly influence the ability of verapamil reaching its binding site to block current.
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142
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Albillos A, McIntosh JM. Human nicotinic receptors in chromaffin cells: characterization and pharmacology. Pflugers Arch 2017; 470:21-27. [PMID: 29058146 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-017-2073-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
During the last 10 years, we have been working on human chromaffin cells obtained from the adrenal gland of organ donors that suffered encephalic or cardiac death. We first electrophysiologically characterized the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) activated by acetylcholine, and their contribution to the exocytosis of chromaffin vesicles and release of catecholamines. We have shown that these cells possess an adrenergic phenotype. This phenotype may contribute to an increased expression of α7 nAChRs in these cells, allowing for recording of α7 nAChR currents, something that had previously not been achieved in non-human species. The use of α-conotoxins allowed us to characterize non-α7 nAChR subtypes and, together with molecular biology experiments, conclude that the predominant nAChR subtype in human chromaffin cells is α3β4* (asterisk indicates the posible presence of additional subunits). In addition, there is a minor population of αxβ2 nAChRs. Both α7 and non-α7 nAChR subtypes contribute to the exocytotic process. Exocytosis mediated by nAChRs could be as large in magnitude as that elicited by calcium entry through voltage-dependent calcium channels. Finally, we have also investigated the effect of nAChR-targeted tobacco cessation drugs on catecholamine release in chromaffin cells. We have concluded that at therapeutic concentrations, varenicline alone does not increase the frequency of action potentials evoked by ACh. However, varenicline in the presence of nicotine does increase this frequency, and thus, in the presence of both drugs, the probability of increased catecholamine release in human chromaffin cells is high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Almudena Albillos
- Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Calle Arzobispo Morcillo 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - J Michael McIntosh
- George E. Whalen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.,Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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143
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Abstract
The membrane potential is an essential parameter of a living cell. However, measurements of the membrane potential using conventional techniques are associated with a number of artifacts. Cell-attached recordings of the currents through NMDA receptor channels enable noninvasive measurements of the neuronal membrane potential. This approach overcomes the problem of a leak conductance introduced during intracellular sharp electrode recordings and whole-cell patch-clamp recordings. Here, we describe the procedures of using cell-attached recordings of NMDA receptor channels to measure the true membrane potential.
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144
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Bassetto Junior CAZ, Varanda WA, González ERP. 4-Chloro-3-nitro-N-butylbenzenesulfonamide acts on K V3.1 channels by an open-channel blocker mechanism. Amino Acids 2017; 49:1895-1906. [PMID: 28900735 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-017-2488-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The effects of 4-chloro-3-nitro-N-butylbenzenesulfonamide (SMD2) on KV3.1 channels, heterologous expressed in L-929 cells, were studied with the whole cell patch-clamp technique. SMD2 blocks KV3.1 in a reversible and use-dependent manner, with IC50 around 10 µM, and a Hill coefficient around 2. Although the conductance vs. voltage relationship in control condition can be described by a single Boltzmann function, two terms are necessary to describe the data in the presence of SMD2. The activation and deactivation time constants are weakly voltage dependent both for control and in the presence of SMD2. SMD2 does not change the channel selectivity and tail currents show a typical crossover phenomenon. The time course of inactivation has a fast and a slow component, and SMD2 significantly decreased their values. Steady-state inactivation is best described by a Boltzmann equation with V 1/2 (the voltage where the probability to find the channels in the inactivated state is 50%) and K (slope factor) equals to -22.9 ± 1.5 mV and 5.3 ± 0.9 mV for control, and -30.3 ± 1.3 mV and 6 ± 0.8 mV for SMD2, respectively. The action of SMD2 is enhanced by high frequency stimulation, and by the time the channel stays open. Taken together, our results suggest that SMD2 blocks the open conformation of KV3.1. From a pharmacological and therapeutic point of view, N-alkylsulfonamides may constitute a new class of pharmacological modulators of KV3.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Alberto Zanutto Bassetto Junior
- Fine Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp)-Campus of Presidente Prudente, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil. .,Post-Graduate Program in Science and Material Technology, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil.
| | - Wamberto Antonio Varanda
- Department of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Eduardo René Pérez González
- Fine Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp)-Campus of Presidente Prudente, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil.,Post-Graduate Program in Science and Material Technology, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
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145
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Simakova MN, Bisen S, Dopico AM, Bukiya AN. Statin therapy exacerbates alcohol-induced constriction of cerebral arteries via modulation of ethanol-induced BK channel inhibition in vascular smooth muscle. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 145:81-93. [PMID: 28865873 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Statins constitute the most commonly prescribed drugs to decrease cholesterol (CLR). CLR is an important modulator of alcohol-induced cerebral artery constriction (AICAC). Using rats on a high CLR diet (2% CLR) we set to determine whether atorvastatin administration (10mg/kg daily for 18-23weeks) modified AICAC. Middle cerebral arteries were pressurized in vitro at 60mmHg and AICAC was evoked by 50mM ethanol, that is within the range of blood alcohol detected in humans following moderate-to-heavy drinking. AICAC was evident in high CLR+atorvastatin group but not in high CLR diet+placebo. Statin exacerbation of AICAC persisted in de-endothelialized arteries, and was blunted by CLR enrichment in vitro. Fluorescence imaging of filipin-stained arteries showed that atorvastatin decreased vascular smooth muscle (VSM) CLR when compared to placebo, this difference being reduced by CLR enrichment in vitro. Voltage- and calcium-gated potassium channels of large conductance (BK) are known VSM targets of ethanol, with their beta1 subunit being necessary for ethanol-induced channel inhibition and resulting AICAC. Ethanol-induced BK inhibition in excised membrane patches from freshly isolated myocytes was exacerbated in the high CLR diet+atorvastatin group when compared to high CLR diet+placebo. Unexpectedly, atorvastatin decreased the amount and function of BK beta1 subunit as documented by immunofluorescence imaging and functional patch-clamp studies. Atorvastatin exacerbation of ethanol-induced BK inhibition disappeared upon artery CLR enrichment in vitro. Our study demonstrates for the first time statin's ability to exacerbate the vascular effect of a widely consumed drug of abuse, this exacerbation being driven by statin modulation of ethanol-induced BK channel inhibition in the VSM via CLR-mediated mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria N Simakova
- Dept. Pharmacology, University of Tennessee HSC, Memphis, TN 38103, United States
| | - Shivantika Bisen
- Dept. Pharmacology, University of Tennessee HSC, Memphis, TN 38103, United States
| | - Alex M Dopico
- Dept. Pharmacology, University of Tennessee HSC, Memphis, TN 38103, United States
| | - Anna N Bukiya
- Dept. Pharmacology, University of Tennessee HSC, Memphis, TN 38103, United States.
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146
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Groen C, Bähring R. Modulation of human Kv4.3/KChIP2 channel inactivation kinetics by cytoplasmic Ca 2. Pflugers Arch 2017; 469:1457-1470. [PMID: 28735419 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-017-2039-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The transient outward current (I to) in the human heart is mediated by Kv4.3 channels complexed with Kv channel interacting protein (KChIP) 2, a cytoplasmic Ca2+-binding EF-hand protein known to modulate Kv4.3 inactivation gating upon heterologous co-expression. We studied Kv4.3 channels co-expressed with wild-type (wt) or EF-hand-mutated (ΔEF) KChIP2 in human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells. Co-expression took place in the absence or presence of BAPTA-AM, and macroscopic currents were recorded in the whole-cell patch-clamp configuration with different free Ca2+ concentrations in the patch-pipette. Our data indicate that Ca2+ is not necessary for Kv4.3/KChIP2 complex formation. The Kv4.3/KChIP2-mediated current decay was faster and the recovery of Kv4.3/KChIP2 channels from inactivation slower with 50 μM Ca2+ than with BAPTA (nominal Ca2+-free) in the patch-pipette. The apparent Ca2+-mediated slowing of recovery kinetics was still observed when EF-hand 4 of KChIP2 was mutated (ΔEF4) but not when EF-hand 2 (ΔEF2) was mutated, and turned into a Ca2+-mediated acceleration of recovery kinetics when EF-hand 3 (ΔEF3) was mutated. In the presence of the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) inhibitor KN-93 cytoplasmic Ca2+ (50 μM) induced an acceleration of Kv4.3/KChIP2 recovery kinetics, which was still observed when EF-hand 2 was mutated (ΔEF2) but not when EF-hand 3 (ΔEF3) or EF-hand 4 (ΔEF4) was mutated. Our results support the notion that binding of Ca2+ to KChIP2 EF-hands can acutely modulate Kv4.3/KChIP2 channel inactivation gating, but the Ca2+-dependent gating modulation depends on CaMKII action. Our findings speak for an acute modulation of I to kinetics and frequency-dependent I to availability in cardiomyocytes under conditions with elevated Ca2+ levels and CaMKII activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Groen
- Institut für Zelluläre und Integrative Physiologie, Zentrum für Experimentelle Medizin, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Robert Bähring
- Institut für Zelluläre und Integrative Physiologie, Zentrum für Experimentelle Medizin, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
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147
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Mitoh Y, Ueda H, Ichikawa H, Fujita M, Kobashi M, Matsuo R. Effects of cevimeline on excitability of parasympathetic preganglionic neurons in the superior salivatory nucleus of rats. Auton Neurosci 2017; 206:1-7. [PMID: 28600120 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2017.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The superior salivatory nucleus (SSN) contains parasympathetic preganglionic neurons innervating the submandibular and sublingual salivary glands. Cevimeline, a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) agonist, is a sialogogue that possibly stimulates SSN neurons in addition to the salivary glands themselves because it can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). In the present study, we examined immunoreactivities for mAChR subtypes in SSN neurons retrogradely labeled with a fluorescent tracer in neonatal rats. Additionally, we examined the effects of cevimeline in labeled SSN neurons of brainstem slices using a whole-cell patch-clamp technique. Mainly M1 and M3 receptors were detected by immunohistochemical staining, with low-level detection of M4 and M5 receptors and absence of M2 receptors. Most (110 of 129) SSN neurons exhibited excitatory responses to application of cevimeline. In responding neurons, voltage-clamp recordings showed that 84% (101/120) of the neurons exhibited inward currents. In the neurons displaying inward currents, the effects of the mAChR antagonists were examined. A mixture of M1 and M3 receptor antagonists most effectively reduced the peak amplitude of inward currents, suggesting that the excitatory effects of cevimeline on SSN neurons were mainly mediated by M1 and M3 receptors. Current-clamp recordings showed that application of cevimeline induced membrane depolarization (9/9 neurons). These results suggest that most SSN neurons are excited by cevimeline via M1 and M3 muscarinic receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Mitoh
- Department of Oral Physiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8525, Japan; Advanced Research Center for Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Okayama University Dental School, Okayama 700-8525, Japan.
| | - Hirotaka Ueda
- Department of Orthodontics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ichikawa
- Division of Oral and Craniofacial Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Masako Fujita
- Department of Oral Physiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8525, Japan
| | - Motoi Kobashi
- Department of Oral Physiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8525, Japan
| | - Ryuji Matsuo
- Department of Oral Physiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8525, Japan.
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148
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Fusi F, Trezza A, Spiga O, Sgaragli G, Bova S. Ca v1.2 channel current block by the PKA inhibitor H-89 in rat tail artery myocytes via a PKA-independent mechanism: Electrophysiological, functional, and molecular docking studies. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 140:53-63. [PMID: 28583845 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
To characterize the role of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) in regulating vascular Ca2+ current through Cav1.2 channels [ICa1.2], we have documented a marked capacity of the isoquinoline H-89, widely used as a PKA inhibitor, to reduce current amplitude. We hypothesized that the ICa1.2 inhibitory activity of H-89 was mediated by mechanisms unrelated to PKA inhibition. To support this, an in-depth analysis of H-89 vascular effects on both ICa1.2 and contractility was undertaken by performing whole-cell patch-clamp recordings and functional experiments in rat tail main artery single myocytes and rings, respectively. H-89 inhibited ICa1.2 with a pIC50 (M) value of about 5.5, even under conditions where PKA activity was either abolished by both the PKA antagonists KT5720 and protein kinase inhibitor fragment 6-22 amide or enhanced by the PKA stimulators 6-Bnz-cAMP and 8-Br-cAMP. Inhibition of ICa1.2 by H-89 appeared almost irreversible upon washout, was charge carrier- and voltage-dependent, and antagonised by the Cav1.2 channel agonist (S)-(-)-Bay K 8644. H-89 did not alter both potency and efficacy of verapamil, did not affect current kinetics or voltage-dependent activation, while shifting to the left the 50% voltage of inactivation in a concentration-dependent manner. H-89 docked at the α1C subunit in a pocket region close to that of (S)-(-)-Bay K 8644 docking, forming a hydrogen bond with the same, key amino acid residue Tyr-1489. Finally, both high K+- and (S)-(-)-Bay K 8644-induced contractions of rings were fully reverted by H-89. In conclusion, these results indicate that H-89 inhibited vascular ICa1.2 and, consequently, the contractile function through a PKA-independent mechanism. Therefore, caution is recommended when interpreting experiments where H-89 is used to inhibit vascular smooth muscle PKA.
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Key Words
- (S)-(-)-Bay K 8644 ((S)-(-)-methyl-1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-3-nitro-4-(2-trifluoromethylphenyl)pyridine-5-carboxylate) (PubChem CID: 6603728)
- 8-Bromoadenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate (PubChem CID: 32014)
- Ca(V)1.2 channel
- H-89
- H-89 (N-[2-[[3-(4-bromophenyl)-2-propen-1-yl]amino]ethyl]-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide) (PubChem CID: 449241)
- KT5720 ((9R,10S,12S)-2,3,9,10,11,12-hexahydro-10-hydroxy-9-methyl-1-oxo-9,12-epoxy-1H-diindolo[1,2,3-fg:3′,2′,1′-kl]pyrrolo[3,4-][1,6]benzodiazocine-10-carboxylic acid, hexyl ester) (PubChem CID: 3844)
- Molecular docking
- N(6)-Benzoyladenosine-3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate (PubChem CID: 17757210)
- PKA
- PKA inhibitor fragment 6-22 (PubChem CID: 16155227)
- Patch-clamp
- Rat tail artery
- Verapamil (PubChem CID: 62969)
- nifedipine (PubChem CID: 4485)
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149
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Jiménez Garduño AM, Juárez-Hernández LJ, Polanco MJ, Tosatto L, Michelatti D, Arosio D, Basso M, Pennuto M, Musio C. Altered ionic currents and amelioration by IGF-1 and PACAP in motoneuron-derived cells modelling SBMA. Biophys Chem 2017; 229:68-76. [PMID: 28511915 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA), also known as Kennedy's disease, is a motor neuron disease caused by the expansion of a polymorphic CAG tandem repeat encoding a polyglutamine (polyQ) tract in the androgen receptor (AR) gene. SBMA is triggered by the binding of mutant AR to its natural ligands, testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT). To investigate the neuronal alterations of motor neuron cell models of SBMA, we applied patch-clamp methods to verify how polyQ expansions in the AR alter cell ionic currents. We used mouse motoneuron-derived MN-1 cells expressing normal AR (MN24Q) and mutant AR (MN100Q treated cells with vehicle EtOH and DHT). We observed a reduction of the current flux mainly at depolarizing potentials in the DHT-treated cells, while the dissection of macroscopic currents showed single different cationic currents belonging to voltage-gated channels. Also, we treated the cells with IGF-1 and PACAP, which have previously been shown to protect MN-1 cells from the toxicity of mutant AR, and we found an amelioration of the altered currents. Our results suggest that the electrophysiological correlate of SBMA is a suitable reference point for the identification of disease symptoms and for future therapeutic targets.
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150
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Wang HF, Chang M, Peng TT, Yang Y, Li N, Luo T, Cheng YM, Zhou MZ, Zeng XH, Zheng LP. Exposure to Cadmium Impairs Sperm Functions by Reducing CatSper in Mice. Cell Physiol Biochem 2017; 42:44-54. [PMID: 28554186 DOI: 10.1159/000477113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cadmium (Cd), a common environmental heavy metal and endocrine disruptor, is known to exert toxic effects on the testes. However, the mechanisms accounting for its toxicity in mature spermatozoa remain unclear. METHODS Adult male C57BL/6 mice were orally administered with CdCl2 for 5 weeks at 3 mg·kg-1·day-1. Additionally, mouse spermatozoa were incubated in vitro with different doses of CdCl2 (0, 10, 50, 250 µM). Several sperm functions including the sperm motility, viability and acrosome reaction (AR) ratio were then examined. Furthermore, the current and expression levels of both the sperm-specific Ca2+ channel (CatSper) and the sperm-specific K+ channel (KSper) were evaluated by patch-clamping and western blotting, respectively. RESULTS Our data showed that the motility, viability and AR of sperm exposed to cadmium significantly decreased in vivo and in vitro. Interestingly, these changes were correlated with changes in CatSper but not KSper. CONCLUSION The findings indicate sperm dysfunction during both chronic and acute cadmium exposure as well as a specific role for CatSper in the reproductive toxicity of cadmium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Feng Wang
- Institute of Life Science and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology and Pathology, Nanchang, China
| | - Meng Chang
- Medical Teaching Laboratory Center, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology and Pathology, Nanchang, China
| | - Ting-Ting Peng
- Medical Teaching Laboratory Center, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology and Pathology, Nanchang, China
| | - Yi Yang
- School of the 1st Clinical Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Na Li
- Institute of Life Science and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Tao Luo
- Institute of Life Science and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology and Pathology, Nanchang, China
| | - Yi-Min Cheng
- Institute of Life Science and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology and Pathology, Nanchang, China
| | - Meng-Zhi Zhou
- Medical Teaching Laboratory Center, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Institute of Life Science and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology and Pathology, Nanchang, China
| | - Xu-Hui Zeng
- Institute of Life Science and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology and Pathology, Nanchang, China
| | - Li-Ping Zheng
- Medical Teaching Laboratory Center, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Institute of Life Science and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology and Pathology, Nanchang, China
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