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Choudhary B, Khandwal D, Gupta NK, Patel J, Mishra A. Nutrient Composition, Physicobiochemical Analyses, Oxidative Stability and Antinutritional Assessment of Abundant Tropical Seaweeds from the Arabian Sea. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:2302. [PMID: 37375927 DOI: 10.3390/plants12122302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Foods enriched with nutritional compounds and biological activities, especially antioxidants, are considered healthier for human and/or animal consumption. Seaweeds are rich sources of biologically active metabolites and are used as functional foods. In this study, proximate compositions, physicobiochemical characteristics and oil oxidative stability were analyzed for 15 abundant tropical seaweeds (four green-Acrosiphonia orientalis, Caulerpa scalpelliformis, Ulva fasciata, Ulva lactuca; six brown-Iyengaria stellata, Lobophora variegate, Padina boergesenii, Sargassum linearifolium, Spatoglossum asperum, Stoechospermum marginatum; and five red-Amphiroa anceps, Grateloupia indica, Halymenia porphyriformis, Scinaia carnosa, Solieria chordalis). All seaweeds were analyzed for the proximate composition, including moisture content, ash content, total sugar content, total proteins, total lipids, crude fiber, carotenoid content, total chlorophyll content, proline, iodine content, nitrogen-free extract, total phenolic content and total flavonoid content. Green seaweeds showed higher nutritional proximate composition, followed by brown and red seaweeds. Among the different seaweeds, Ulva, Caulerpa, Sargassum, Spatoglossum and Amphiroa showed high nutritional proximate composition compared to other seaweeds. High cation scavenging, free radical scavenging and total reducing activities were observed for Acrosiphonia, Caulerpa, Ulva, Sargassum, Spatoglossum and Iyengaria. It was also observed that 15 tropical seaweeds contained negligible amounts of antinutritional compounds, including tannic acid, phytic acid, saponins, alkaloids and terpenoids. Nutritionally, green and brown seaweeds provided higher sources of energy (150-300 calories per 100 g) compared to red seaweeds (80-165 calories per 100 g). Additionally, this study also confirmed that tropical seaweeds improved the oxidative stability of food oils and, therefore, might be recommended as natural antioxidant additives. The overall results confirm that tropical seaweeds are potential sources of nutrition and antioxidants and may be explored as functional food, dietary supplementation or animal feed. Additionally, they may also be explored as food supplements for fortifying food products, as food toppings or for garnishing and seasoning foods. However, a human or animal toxicity analysis is required before any conclusive recommendation for daily food or feed intake can be made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babita Choudhary
- Division of Applied Phycology and Biotechnology, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Deepesh Khandwal
- Division of Applied Phycology and Biotechnology, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Nirmala Kumari Gupta
- Division of Applied Phycology and Biotechnology, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Jaykumar Patel
- Division of Applied Phycology and Biotechnology, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Avinash Mishra
- Division of Applied Phycology and Biotechnology, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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102
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Alsharairi NA. Antioxidant Intake and Biomarkers of Asthma in Relation to Smoking Status-A Review. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:5099-5117. [PMID: 37367073 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45060324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is considered a chronic inflammatory disorder associated with airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). Increased oxidative stress (OS) is a clinical feature of asthma, which promotes the inflammatory responses in bronchial/airway epithelial cells. Smokers and nonsmokers with asthma have been shown to have increases in several OS and inflammatory biomarkers. However, studies suggest significant differences in OS and inflammation biomarkers between smokers and nonsmokers. A few studies suggest associations between antioxidant intake from diet/supplements and asthma in patients with different smoking status. Evidence is lacking on the protective role of antioxidant vitamin and/or mineral consumption against asthma by smoking status with respect to inflammation and OS biomarkers. Therefore, the aim of this review is to highlight current knowledge regarding the relations between antioxidant intake, asthma, and its associated biomarkers, according to smoking status. This paper can be used to guide future research directions towards the health consequences of antioxidant intake in smoking and nonsmoking asthmatics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naser A Alsharairi
- Heart, Mind & Body Research Group, Griffith University, Gold Coast P.O. Box 4222, QLD, Australia
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103
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Vasquez-Rojas WV, Martín D, Fornari T, Cano MP. Brazil Nut ( Bertholletia excelsa) Beverage Processed by High-Pressure Homogenization: Changes in Main Components and Antioxidant Capacity during Cold Storage. Molecules 2023; 28:4675. [PMID: 37375230 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
High-pressure homogenization (HPH) is an emerging technology for obtaining physical and microbial stability of plant-based milks, but there is little information on the effects of this technology on the phytochemical components of the processed plant food beverage and during its cold storage. The effect of three selected HPH treatments (180 MPa/25 °C, 150 MPa/55 °C, and 50 MPa/75 °C) and pasteurization (PAS) (63 °C, 20 min) on minor lipid constituents, total proteins, phenolic compounds, antioxidant capacity, and essential minerals of Brazil nut beverage (BNB) were studied. Additionally, the study of the possible changes in these constituents was carried out during cold storage at 5 °C for 21 days. The fatty acid profile (dominated by oleic acid and linoleic acid), free fatty acid content, protein, and essential minerals (notable source of Se and Cu) of the processed BNB remained almost stable to treatments (HPH and PAS). Specifically, reductions in squalene (22.7 to 26.4%) and γ-γ-tocopherol (28.4 to 36%) were observed in beverages processed via both non-thermal HPH and thermal PAS, but β-sitosterol remained unchanged. Total phenolics were reduced (24 to 30%) after both treatments, a factor that influenced the observed antioxidant capacity. The studied individual phenolics in BNB were gallic acid, catechin, epicatechin, catechin gallate, and ellagic acid, being the most abundant compounds. During cold storage (5 °C) up to 21 days, changes in the content of phytochemicals, minerals, and total proteins were not noticeable for any treated beverages, and no lipolysis processes were promoted. Therefore, after the application of HPH processing, Brazil nut beverage (BNB) maintained almost unaltered levels of bioactive compounds, essential minerals, total protein, and oxidative stability, remarkable characteristics for its potential development as a functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilson Valerio Vasquez-Rojas
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology of Foods, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Diana Martín
- Department of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Tiziana Fornari
- Department of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Pilar Cano
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology of Foods, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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104
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Sandgruber F, Gielsdorf A, Schenz B, Müller SM, Schwerdtle T, Lorkowski S, Griehl C, Dawczynski C. Variability in Macro- and Micronutrients of 15 Rarely Researched Microalgae. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:355. [PMID: 37367680 DOI: 10.3390/md21060355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Microalgae have enormous potential for human nutrition, yet the European Commission has authorized the consumption of only eleven species. Strains of fifteen rarely researched microalgae from two kingdoms were screened regarding their nutritional profile and value for human health in two cultivation phases. Contents of protein, fiber, lipids, fatty acids, minerals, trace elements and heavy metals were determined. In the growth phase, microalgae accumulated more arginine, histidine, ornithine, pure and crude protein, Mg, Mn, Fe and Zn and less Ni, Mo and I2 compared to the stationary phase. Higher contents of total fat, C14:0, C14:1n5, C16:1n7, C20:4n6, C20:5n3 and also As were observed in microalgae from the chromista kingdom in comparison to microalgae from the plantae kingdom (p < 0.05). Conversely, the latter had higher contents of C20:0, C20:1n9 and C18:3n3 as well as Ca and Pb (p < 0.05). More precisely, Chrysotila carterae appeared to have great potential for human nutrition because of its high nutrient contents such as fibers, carotenoids, C20:6n3, Mg, Ca, Mn, Fe, Se, Zn, Ni, Mo and I2. In summary, microalgae may contribute to a large variety of nutrients, yet the contents differ between kingdoms, cultivation phases and also species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Sandgruber
- Junior Research Group Nutritional Concepts, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Competence Cluster for Nutritional and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Dornburger Str. 25, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Annekathrin Gielsdorf
- Competence Center Algal Biotechnology, Anhalt University of Applied Sciences, 06406 Bernburg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Schenz
- Junior Research Group Nutritional Concepts, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Competence Cluster for Nutritional and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Dornburger Str. 25, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Sandra Marie Müller
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, 14469 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Tanja Schwerdtle
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, 14469 Potsdam, Germany
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Lorkowski
- Competence Cluster for Nutritional and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Dornburger Str. 25, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Carola Griehl
- Competence Center Algal Biotechnology, Anhalt University of Applied Sciences, 06406 Bernburg, Germany
| | - Christine Dawczynski
- Junior Research Group Nutritional Concepts, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Competence Cluster for Nutritional and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Dornburger Str. 25, 07743 Jena, Germany
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105
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Besharati M, Fathi L, Amirdahri S, Nemati Z, Palangi V, Lorenzo JM, Maggiolino A, Centoducati G. Reserves of Calcium, Copper, Iron, Potassium, Magnesium, Manganese, Sodium, Phosphorus, Strontium and Zinc in Goose Egg Yolk during Embryo Development. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:1925. [PMID: 37370435 DOI: 10.3390/ani13121925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the changes in calcium (Ca), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), sodium (Na), phosphorus (P), strontium (Sr) and zinc (Zn) values in goose egg yolk during the incubation period. This study was conducted on a completely random selection using 200 fertile eggs from a local flock of geese. A selection of 30 fertile eggs were randomly sampled on days 0, 9.5, 19.5, 25 and 30 of incubation (total: 150 eggs), and the yolks of 5 eggs in each replicate were mixed together and considered as one replicate (six replicates in each incubation period). The mineral content of the yolks was measured using the inductively coupled plasma (ICP) spectroscopy method. The results of this study show that, during the incubation of goose eggs from 0 to 30 days of embryo growth, except for Ca, the yolk content (absolute weight) of all the measured minerals, including Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Sr and Zn, on day 30 of incubation were statistically significantly lower than on day 0 of incubation. Additionally, the yolk concentrations of Fe, K, Mg, Na, P and Zn declined, the yolk concentrations of Ca and Sr increased, and the yolk concentrations of Cu and Mn were unchanged on day 30 compared to the first day of incubation. The results of the current study demonstrate that goose egg yolks' mineral concentrations change in absolute value during the incubation period, which could be the basis for further studies on chick feeding during the embryonic and post-embryonic phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maghsoud Besharati
- Department of Animal Science, Ahar Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tabriz, Ahar 5451785354, Iran
| | - Leila Fathi
- Department of Animal Science, Ahar Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tabriz, Ahar 5451785354, Iran
| | - Saeid Amirdahri
- Department of Animal Science, Ahar Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tabriz, Ahar 5451785354, Iran
| | - Zabihollah Nemati
- Department of Animal Science, Ahar Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tabriz, Ahar 5451785354, Iran
| | - Valiollah Palangi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ege University, Izmir 35100, Türkiye
| | - Jose Manuel Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Avd. Galicia 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, 32900 Ourense, Spain
- Facultad de Ciencias de Ourense, Área de Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidade de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
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106
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Turkiewicz J, Garcia M, Li Z, Surampudi V. Micronutrient deficiencies in patients with gastrointestinal cancer: To treat or not to treat. Nutr Clin Pract 2023. [PMID: 37280762 DOI: 10.1002/ncp.11025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutrition supplements are widely used among patients with cancer. The general public perceives supplements as more natural anticancer and antitoxicity agents, and often supplements are used without the knowledge of the treating physician. In the clinical setting, there are concerns that supplements may decrease effectiveness of chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy and, as a result, supplementation is avoided. There is a body of literature evaluating micronutrient deficiencies, supplementation, and cancer risk; however, little is known about the risks of treatment of micronutrient deficiencies in specific cancers. Of the types of cancers, patients with gastrointestinal cancers are at high risk of developing malnutrition and, subsequently, possible micronutrient deficiencies. This review aims to evaluate the effects of supplementation of specific micronutrients in patients with cancer of the digestive tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Turkiewicz
- Department of Medicine, Olive View-UCLA Medical Center, Sylmar, California, USA
| | - Michael Garcia
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Zhaoping Li
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Vijaya Surampudi
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
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107
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Golea CM, Stroe SG, Gâtlan AM, Codină GG. Physicochemical Characteristics and Microstructure of Ancient and Common Wheat Grains Cultivated in Romania. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:plants12112138. [PMID: 37299117 DOI: 10.3390/plants12112138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Different wheat species, common wheat (Triticum aestivum subsp. aestivum), spelt (Triticum aestivum subsp. spelta) and einkorn (Triticum monococcum subsp. monococcum), were analyzed for physicochemical (moisture, ash, protein, wet gluten, lipid, starch, carbohydrates, test weight and thousand-kernel mass) and mineral elements (Ca, Mg, K, Na, Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu) concentrations in grains. Additionally, wheat grain microstructure was determined using a scanning electron microscope. SEM micrographs of wheat grains show that einkorn has smaller type A starch granule diameters and more compact protein bonds compared to common wheat and spelt grains, making it easier to digest. The ancient wheat grains presented higher values for ash, protein, wet gluten and lipid content compared to the common wheat grains, whereas the carbohydrates and starch content were significantly (p < 0.05) lower. The mean values showed that spelt (Triticum aestivum subsp. spelta) grains presented the highest values for Ca, Mg and K, while einkorn (Triticum monococcum subsp. monococcum) grains had the highest values for the microelements Zn, Mn and Cu. The highest values of Fe were recorded for common wheat varieties whereas no significant differences among the species were obtained for Na content. The principal component analysis (p > 0.05) between wheat flours characteristics showed a close association between wheat grain species and between the chemical characteristics of gluten and protein content (r = 0.994), lipid and ash content (r = 0.952) and starch and carbohydrate content (r = 0.927), for which high positive significant correlations (p < 0.05) were obtained. Taking into account that Romania is the fourth largest wheat producer at the European level, this study is of great global importance. According to the results obtained, the ancient species have higher nutritional value from the point of view of chemical compounds and macro elements of minerals. This may be of great importance for consumers who demand bakery products with high nutritional quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camelia Maria Golea
- Faculty of Food Engineering, "Ştefan cel Mare" University, 720229 Suceava, Romania
- Vegetal Genetic Resources Bank "Mihai Cristea", 720224 Suceava, Romania
| | - Silviu-Gabriel Stroe
- Faculty of Food Engineering, "Ştefan cel Mare" University, 720229 Suceava, Romania
| | - Anca-Mihaela Gâtlan
- Faculty of Food Engineering, "Ştefan cel Mare" University, 720229 Suceava, Romania
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108
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Grabež V, Devle H, Kidane A, Mydland LT, Øverland M, Ottestad S, Berg P, Kåsin K, Ruud L, Karlsen V, Živanović V, Egelandsdal B. Sugar Kelp ( Saccharina latissima) Seaweed Added to a Growing-Finishing Lamb Diet Has a Positive Effect on Quality Traits and on Mineral Content of Meat. Foods 2023; 12:foods12112131. [PMID: 37297376 DOI: 10.3390/foods12112131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Supplementing ruminants' diet with seaweed has shown positive effect on meat quality and micronutrients important for human health. The objective of the present study was to investigate the use of Saccharina latissima in a lamb diet to improve the eating quality and nutritional value of meat. Six-month-old female Norwegian White lambs (n = 24) were fed, 35 days pre-slaughter, three different diets: a control (CON) and two seaweed diets (SW); supplemented with either 2.5% (SW1) or 5% (SW2). The quality properties of longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL) and semimembranosus with adductor (SM+ADD) muscles were examined. The dietary inclusion of seaweed reduced cooking loss and shear force of lamb meat, although the effect was not significant at both supplementation levels. SW1 fed lambs showed a significantly (p < 0.05) improved meat color stability and antioxidant potential. Seaweed also reduced lipid oxidation (TBARS) and the warm-over flavor in SM+ADD compared to the CON lamb. Seaweed fed lambs showed an increased content of selenium and iodine in LTL, thereby fulfilling the requirements for the label "source of nutrient" and "significant source of nutrient", respectively. An increased arsenic content in LTL was, however, also observed with seaweed inclusion (to 1.54 and 3.09 μg/100 g in SW1 and SW2 group, respectively). While relevant positive effects were found in meat using seaweed in lamb feed, some optimization of this feed approach will be desirable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladana Grabež
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Hanne Devle
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Alemayehu Kidane
- Faculty of Bioscience, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Liv Torunn Mydland
- Faculty of Bioscience, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Margareth Øverland
- Faculty of Bioscience, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway
| | | | - Per Berg
- Nortura SA, P.O. Box 360, 0513 Oslo, Norway
| | - Karoline Kåsin
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Lene Ruud
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Victoria Karlsen
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Valentina Živanović
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Bjørg Egelandsdal
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway
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109
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Ghazzawi HA, Hussain MA, Raziq KM, Alsendi KK, Alaamer RO, Jaradat M, Alobaidi S, Al Aqili R, Trabelsi K, Jahrami H. Exploring the Relationship between Micronutrients and Athletic Performance: A Comprehensive Scientific Systematic Review of the Literature in Sports Medicine. Sports (Basel) 2023; 11:109. [PMID: 37368559 DOI: 10.3390/sports11060109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review is twofold: (i) to examine the effects of micronutrient intake on athletic performance and (ii) to determine the specific micronutrients, such as vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, that offer the most significant enhancements in terms of athletic performance, with the goal of providing guidance to athletes and coaches in optimizing their nutritional strategies. The study conducted a systematic search of electronic databases (i.e., PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus) using keywords pertaining to micronutrients, athletic performance, and exercise. The search involved particular criteria of studies published in English between 1950 and 2023. The findings suggest that vitamins and minerals are crucial for an athlete's health and physical performance, and no single micronutrient is more important than others. Micronutrients are necessary for optimal metabolic body's functions such as energy production, muscle growth, and recovery, which are all important for sport performance. Meeting the daily intake requirement of micronutrients is essential for athletes, and while a balanced diet that includes healthy lean protein sources, whole grains, fruits, and vegetables is generally sufficient, athletes who are unable to meet their micronutrient needs due to malabsorption or specific deficiencies may benefit from taking multivitamin supplements. However, athletes should only take micronutrient supplements with the consultation of a specialized physician or nutritionist and avoid taking them without confirming a deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadeel Ali Ghazzawi
- Department Nutrition and Food Technology, School of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Mariam Ali Hussain
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama 323, Bahrain
| | - Khadija Majdy Raziq
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama 323, Bahrain
| | - Khawla Khaled Alsendi
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama 323, Bahrain
| | - Reem Osama Alaamer
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama 323, Bahrain
| | - Manar Jaradat
- Department Nutrition and Food Technology, School of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Sondos Alobaidi
- Department Nutrition and Food Technology, School of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Raghad Al Aqili
- Department Nutrition and Food Technology, School of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Khaled Trabelsi
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia
- Research Laboratory-Education, Motricity, Sport and Health, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia
| | - Haitham Jahrami
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama 323, Bahrain
- Government Hospitals, Ministry of Health, Manama 323, Bahrain
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110
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Toledano JM, Puche-Juarez M, Moreno-Fernandez J, Ochoa JJ, Diaz-Castro J. Antioxidant and Immune-Related Implications of Minerals in COVID-19: A Possibility for Disease Prevention and Management. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051104. [PMID: 37237970 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic appeared, both governments and the scientific community have focused their efforts on the search for prophylactic and therapeutic alternatives in order to reduce its effects. Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 have been approved and administered, playing a key role in the overcoming of this situation. However, they have not reached the whole world population, and several doses will be needed in the future in order to successfully protect individuals. The disease is still here, so other strategies should be explored with the aim of supporting the immune system before and during the infection. An adequate diet is certainly associated with an optimal inflammatory and oxidative stress status, as poor levels of different nutrients could be related to altered immune responses and, consequently, an augmented susceptibility to infections and severe outcomes derived from them. Minerals exert a wide range of immune-modulatory, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities, which may be useful for fighting this illness. Although they cannot be considered as a definitive therapeutic solution, the available evidence to date, obtained from studies on similar respiratory diseases, might reflect the rationality of deeper investigations of the use of minerals during this pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M Toledano
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Ph.D. Program, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - María Puche-Juarez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Ph.D. Program, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Jorge Moreno-Fernandez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (IBS), 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Julio J Ochoa
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (IBS), 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Javier Diaz-Castro
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (IBS), 18016 Granada, Spain
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111
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Agarwal S, Fulgoni VL. Association of Pork (All Pork, Fresh Pork and Processed Pork) Consumption with Nutrient Intakes and Adequacy in US Children (Age 2-18 Years) and Adults (Age 19+ Years): NHANES 2011-2018 Analysis. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15102293. [PMID: 37242176 DOI: 10.3390/nu15102293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Pork is a rich source of high-quality protein and select nutrients. The objective of this work was to assess the intakes of all pork (AP), fresh pork (FP) and processed pork (PP) and their association with nutrient intake and meeting nutrient recommendations using 24 h dietary recall data. Usual intake was determined using the NCI method and the percentage of the population with intakes below the Estimated Average Requirement, or above the Adequate Intake for pork consumers and non-consumers, was estimated. About 52, 15 and 45% of children and 59, 20 and 49% of adults were consumers of AP, FP and PP, respectively, with mean intakes in consumers of 47, 60 and 38 g/day for children and 61, 77 and 48 g/day for adults, respectively. Among consumers of AP, FP and PP, the intakes of copper, potassium, selenium, sodium, zinc, thiamine, niacin, vitamin B6 and choline were higher (p < 0.05) and a higher (p < 0.05) proportion met nutrient recommendations for copper, potassium, zinc, thiamin and choline compared to non-consumers. There were additional differences (p < 0.05) in intakes and adequacies for other nutrients between consumers and non-consumers depending upon the age group and pork type. In conclusion, pork intake was associated with higher intakes and adequacies in children and adults for certain key nutrients.
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de la Fuente B, Aspevik T, Barba FJ, Kousoulaki K, Berrada H. Mineral Bioaccessibility and Antioxidant Capacity of Protein Hydrolysates from Salmon ( Salmo salar) and Mackerel ( Scomber scombrus) Backbones and Heads. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21050294. [PMID: 37233488 DOI: 10.3390/md21050294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Information on the bioaccessibility of minerals is essential to consider a food ingredient as a potential mineral fortifier. In this study, the mineral bioaccessibility of protein hydrolysates from salmon (Salmo salar) and mackerel (Scomber scombrus) backbones and heads was evaluated. For this purpose, the hydrolysates were submitted to simulated gastrointestinal digestion (INFOGEST method), and the mineral content was analyzed before and after the digestive process. Ca, Mg, P, Fe, Zn, and Se were then determined using an inductively coupled plasma spectrometer mass detector (ICP-MS). The highest bioaccessibility of minerals was found in salmon and mackerel head hydrolysates for Fe (≥100%), followed by Se in salmon backbone hydrolysates (95%). The antioxidant capacity of all protein hydrolysate samples, which was measured by Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC), increased (10-46%) after in vitro digestion. The heavy metals As, Hg, Cd, and Pb were determined (ICP-MS) in the raw hydrolysates to confirm the harmlessness of these products. Except for Cd in mackerel hydrolysates, all toxic elements were below the legislation levels for fish commodities. These results suggest the possibility of using protein hydrolysates from salmon and mackerel backbones and heads for food mineral fortification, as well as the need to verify their safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz de la Fuente
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Avda Vicent Andrés Estellés, 46100 València, Spain
| | - Tone Aspevik
- Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Nofima, 5141 Fyllingsdalen, Norway
| | - Francisco J Barba
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Avda Vicent Andrés Estellés, 46100 València, Spain
| | - Katerina Kousoulaki
- Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Nofima, 5141 Fyllingsdalen, Norway
| | - Houda Berrada
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Avda Vicent Andrés Estellés, 46100 València, Spain
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113
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Srivarathan S, Addepalli R, Adiamo OQ, Kodagoda GK, Phan ADT, Wright ORL, Sultanbawa Y, Osborne S, Netzel ME. Edible Halophytes with Functional Properties: In Vitro Protein Digestibility and Bioaccessibility and Intestinal Absorption of Minerals and Trace Elements from Australian Indigenous Halophytes. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104004. [PMID: 37241743 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Halophytes are considered emerging functional foods as they are high in protein, minerals, and trace elements, although studies investigating halophyte digestibility, bioaccessibility, and intestinal absorption are limited. Therefore, this study investigated the in vitro protein digestibility, bioaccessibility and intestinal absorption of minerals and trace elements in saltbush and samphire, two important Australian indigenous halophytes. The total amino acid contents of samphire and saltbush were 42.5 and 87.3 mg/g DW, and even though saltbush had a higher total protein content overall, the in vitro digestibility of samphire protein was higher than the saltbush protein. The in vitro bioaccessibility of Mg, Fe, and Zn was higher in freeze-dried halophyte powder compared to the halophyte test food, suggesting that the food matrix has a significant impact on mineral and trace element bioaccessibility. However, the samphire test food digesta had the highest intestinal Fe absorption rate, whereas the saltbush digesta exhibited the lowest (37.7 vs. 8.9 ng/mL ferritin). The present study provides crucial data about the digestive "fate" of halophyte protein, minerals, and trace elements and increases the understanding of these underutilized indigenous edible plants as future functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukirtha Srivarathan
- ARC Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Uniquely Australian Foods, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Indooroopilly, QLD 4068, Australia
- Department of Biosystems Technology, Faculty of Technology, University of Jaffna, Ariviyal Nagar, Kilinochchi 44000, Sri Lanka
| | - Rama Addepalli
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Agriculture and Food, St Lucia, QLD 4067, Australia
| | - Oladipupo Qudus Adiamo
- ARC Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Uniquely Australian Foods, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Indooroopilly, QLD 4068, Australia
| | - Gethmini Kavindya Kodagoda
- ARC Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Uniquely Australian Foods, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Indooroopilly, QLD 4068, Australia
| | - Anh Dao Thi Phan
- ARC Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Uniquely Australian Foods, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Indooroopilly, QLD 4068, Australia
| | - Olivia Renee Louise Wright
- ARC Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Uniquely Australian Foods, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Indooroopilly, QLD 4068, Australia
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Yasmina Sultanbawa
- ARC Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Uniquely Australian Foods, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Indooroopilly, QLD 4068, Australia
| | - Simone Osborne
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Agriculture and Food, St Lucia, QLD 4067, Australia
| | - Michael Erich Netzel
- ARC Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Uniquely Australian Foods, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Indooroopilly, QLD 4068, Australia
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114
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Zhang S, Cheng L, Zuo X, Cai D, Tong K, Hu Y, Ni J. (Fe, Cr)(OH) 3 Coprecipitation in Solution and on Soil: Roles of Surface Functional Groups and Solution pH. Environ Sci Technol 2023; 57:7516-7525. [PMID: 37130379 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c09216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The simultaneous precipitation of (Fe, Cr)(OH)3 nanoparticles in solution (homogeneous) and on soil surfaces (heterogeneous), which controls Cr transport in soil and aquatic systems, was quantified for the first time in the presence of model surfaces, i.e., bare and natural organic matter (NOM)-coated SiO2 and Al2O3. Various characterization techniques were combined to explore the surface-ion-precipitate interactions and the controlling mechanisms. (Fe, Cr)(OH)3 accumulation on negatively charged SiO2 was mainly governed by electrostatic interactions between hydrolyzed ion species or homogeneous (Fe, Cr)(OH)3 and surfaces. The elevated pH through protonation of Al2O3 surface hydroxyls resulted in higher Cr/Fe ratios in both homogeneous and heterogeneous coprecipitates. Due to ignorable NOM adsorption onto SiO2, the amounts of (Fe, Cr)(OH)3 precipitates on bare/NOM-SiO2 were similar; contrarily, attributed to favored NOM adsorption onto Al2O3 and consequently carboxyl association with metal ions or (Fe, Cr)(OH)3 nanoparticles, remarkably more heterogeneous precipitates harvested on NOM-Al2O3 than bare-Al2O3. With the same solution supersaturation, the total amounts of homogeneous and heterogeneous precipitates were similar irrespective of the substrate type. With lower pH, decreased electrostatic forces between substrates and precipitates shifted (Fe, Cr)(OH)3 distribution from heterogeneous to homogeneous phases. The quantitative knowledge of (Fe, Cr)(OH)3 distribution and the controlling mechanisms can assist in better Cr sequestration in natural and engineered settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suona Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems; College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Liang Cheng
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems; College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaobing Zuo
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Dawei Cai
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems; College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ke Tong
- School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Yandi Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems; College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jinren Ni
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems; College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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115
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Bering J, DiBaise JK. Short bowel syndrome: Complications and management. Nutr Clin Pract 2023; 38 Suppl 1:S46-S58. [PMID: 37115034 DOI: 10.1002/ncp.10978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Short bowel syndrome (SBS) occurs when a patient loses bowel length or function significantly enough to cause malabsorption, oftentimes requiring lifelong parenteral support. In adults, this occurs most commonly in the setting of massive intestinal resection, whereas congenital anomalies and necrotizing enterocolitis predominate in children. Many patients with SBS develop long-term clinical complications over time related to their altered intestinal anatomy and physiology or to various treatment interventions such as parenteral nutrition and the central venous catheter through which it is administered. Identifying, preventing, and treating these complications can be challenging. This review will focus on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of several complications that can occur in this patient population, including diarrhea, fluid and electrolyte imbalance, vitamin and trace element derangements, metabolic bone disease, biliary disorders, small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, d-lactic acidosis, and complications of central venous catheters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Bering
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | - John K DiBaise
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
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116
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Kelly EM, Egan MJ, Colόn A, Angel SM, Sharma SK. Remote Raman Sensing Using a Single-Grating Monolithic Spatial Heterodyne Raman Spectrometer: A Potential Tool for Planetary Exploration. Appl Spectrosc 2023; 77:534-549. [PMID: 36223496 DOI: 10.1177/00037028221121304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Advances in Raman instrumentation have led to the implementation of a remote dispersive Raman spectrometer on the Perseverance rover on Mars, which is used for remote sensing. For remote applications, dispersive spectrometers suffer from a few setbacks such as relatively larger sizes, low light throughput, limited spectral ranges, relatively low resolutions for small devices, and high sensitivity to misalignment. A spatial heterodyne Raman spectrometer (SHRS), which is a fixed grating interferometer, helps overcome some of these problems. Most SHRS devices that have been described use two fixed diffraction gratings, but a variance of the SHRS called the one-grating SHRS (1g-SHRS) replaces one of the gratings with a mirror, which makes it more compact. In a recent paper we described monolithic two-gratings SHRS, and in this paper, we investigate a single-grating monolithic SHRS (1g-mSHRS), which combines the 1g-SHRS with a monolithic setup previously tested at the University of South Carolina. This setup integrates the beamsplitter, grating, and mirror into a single monolithic device. This reduces the number of adjustable components, allows for easier alignment, and reduces the footprint of the device (35 × 35 × 25 mm with a weight of 80 g). This instrument provides a high spectral resolution (∼9 cm-1) and large spectral range (7327 cm-1) while decreasing the sensitivity to alignment with a field of view of 5.61 mm at 3m. We discuss the characteristics of the 1g-mSHRS by measuring the time-resolved remote Raman spectra of a few inorganic salts, organics, and minerals at 3 m. The 1g-mSHRS makes a good candidate for planetary exploration because of its large spectral range, greater sensitivity, competitively higher spectral resolution, low alignment sensitivity, and high light throughput in a compact easily aligned system with no moving parts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan M Kelly
- Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Miles J Egan
- Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Arelis Colόn
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - S Michael Angel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Shiv K Sharma
- Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
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117
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Kaplan RC, Williams-Nguyen JS, Huang Y, Mossavar-Rahmani Y, Yu B, Boerwinkle E, Gellman MD, Daviglus M, Chilcoat A, Van Horn L, Faurot K, Qi Q, Greenlee H. Identification of Dietary Supplements Associated with Blood Metabolites in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos Cohort Study. J Nutr 2023; 153:1483-1492. [PMID: 36822396 PMCID: PMC10356961 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolomics approaches have been widely used to define the consumption of foods but have less often been used to study exposure to dietary supplements. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to identify dietary supplements associated with metabolite levels and to examine whether these metabolites predicted incident diabetes risk. METHODS We studied 3972 participants from a prospective cohort study of 18-74-y-old Hispanic/Latino adults. At a baseline examination, we ascertained use of dietary supplements using recall methods and concurrently, a serum metabolomic panel. After adjustment for potential confounders, we identified dietary supplements associated with metabolites. We then examined the association of these metabolites with incident diabetes at the 6-y study examination. RESULTS We observed a total of 110 dietary supplement-metabolite associations that met the criteria for statistical significance adjusted for age, sex, field center, Hispanic/Latino background, body mass index, diet, smoking, physical activity, and number of medications (adjusted P < 0.05). This included 13 metabolites uniquely associated with only one dietary supplement ingredient. Vitamin C had the most associated metabolites (n = 15), including positive associations with oxalate, tartronate, threonate, and isocitrate, which were each in turn protective for the risk of incident diabetes. Vitamin C was also associated with higher N-acetylvaline level, which was an unfavorable diabetes risk factor. Other findings related to branched chain amino acid related compounds including α-hydroxyisovalerate and 2-hydroxy-3-methylvalerate, which were inversely associated with thiamine or riboflavin intake and also predicted higher diabetes risk. Vitamin B12 had an inverse association with γ-glutamylvaline, levels of which were positively associated with the risk of diabetes. CONCLUSIONS Our data point to potential metabolite changes associated with vitamin C and B vitamins, which may have favorable metabolic effects. Knowledge of blood metabolites that can be modified by dietary supplement intake may aid understanding the health effects of dietary supplements and identify potential biological mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert C Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | | | - Yuhan Huang
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yasmin Mossavar-Rahmani
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Bing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Marc D Gellman
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Martha Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Aisha Chilcoat
- Program on Integrative Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Linda Van Horn
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kim Faurot
- Program on Integrative Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Qibin Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Heather Greenlee
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
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118
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Kollander B, Rodushkin I, Sundström B. Multi-Element Assessment of Potentially Toxic and Essential Elements in New and Traditional Food Varieties in Sweden. Foods 2023; 12:foods12091831. [PMID: 37174369 PMCID: PMC10178162 DOI: 10.3390/foods12091831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
With the global movement toward the consumption of a more sustainable diet that includes a higher proportion of plant-based foods, it is important to determine how such a change could alter the intake of cadmium and other elements, both essential and toxic. In this study, we report on the levels of a wide range of elements in foodstuffs that are both traditional and "new" to the Swedish market. The data were obtained using analytical methods providing very low detection limits and include market basket data for different food groups to provide the general levels in foods consumed in Sweden and to facilitate comparisons among traditional and "new" food items. This dataset could be used to estimate changes in nutritional intake as well as exposure associated with a change in diet. The concentrations of known toxic and essential elements are provided for all the food matrices studied. Moreover, the concentrations of less routinely analyzed elements are available in some matrices. Depending on the food variety, the dataset includes the concentrations of inorganic arsenic and up to 74 elements (Ag, Al, As, Au, B, Ba, Be, Bi, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Fe, Ga, Ge, Hf, Hg, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Nb, Ni, P, Pb, Rb, S, Sb, Sc, Se, Si, Sn, Sr, Ta, Te, Th, Ti, Tl, U, W, V, Y, Zn, Zr, rare Earth elements (REEs) (Ce, Dy, Er, Eu, Gd, Ho, La, Lu, Nd, Pr, Sm, Tb, Tm, and Yb), platinum group elements (PGEs) (Ir, Os, Pd, Pr, Pt, Re, Rh, Ru, and Pr), and halogens (Br, Cl, and I)). The main focus (and thus the most detailed information on variation within a given food group) is on foods that are currently the largest contributors to dietary cadmium exposure in Sweden, such as pasta, rice, potato products, and different sorts of bread. Additionally, elemental concentrations in selected food varieties regarded as relatively new or "novel" to the Swedish market are provided, including teff flour, chia seeds, algae products, and gluten-free products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ilia Rodushkin
- Division of Geosciences, Luleå University of Technology, SE-971 87 Luleå, Sweden
- ALS Scandinavia AB, SE-971 87 Luleå, Sweden
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Grabia M, Socha K, Soroczyńska J, Bossowski A, Markiewicz-Żukowska R. Determinants Related to Oxidative Stress Parameters in Pediatric Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Nutrients 2023; 15:2084. [PMID: 37432230 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Adequate glycemic management is one of the main goals in treating type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and preventing the early onset of diabetic complications. Improperly controlled diabetes mellitus (DM) will result in oxidative stress (OS) and lead to further related health issues. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the body's ability to defend against OS depending on the duration of T1DM, metabolic management, antioxidant intake and modern glycemic monitoring systems (GMS). The study included 103 adolescents with T1DM aged 10-17 years. The control group consisted of 65 healthy peers. The patients' blood was assayed for antioxidant enzymes, minerals and toxic elements. In addition, their dietary intake of antioxidant components was assessed. The T1DM group had higher total oxidant status, oxidative stress index and Cu/Zn ratio values, higher concentrations of malondialdehyde and lower total antioxidant status (TAS) and chromium, zinc, superoxide dismutase and catalase levels than their healthy peers. The comparison between GMS types revealed favorable changes in OS parameters for the flash and continuous systems. Furthermore, an effect of vitamin A and C dietary intake on serum TAS concentrations was detected. More than 82% of the patients with high TAS fulfilled the estimated average requirement norm for vitamin A, and more than 60% fulfilled the vitamin C requirement. In youths with T1DM, it is advisable to observe the antioxidant activity of the body to prevent the accelerated development of diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Grabia
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2D Street, 15-222 Białystok, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Socha
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2D Street, 15-222 Białystok, Poland
| | - Jolanta Soroczyńska
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2D Street, 15-222 Białystok, Poland
| | - Artur Bossowski
- Clinic of Pediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology with the Subdivision of Cardiology, Children's University Clinical Hospital in Białystok, Waszyngtona 17 Street, 15-274 Białystok, Poland
| | - Renata Markiewicz-Żukowska
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2D Street, 15-222 Białystok, Poland
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120
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Bhatt V, Muthusamy V, Panda KK, Katral A, Chhabra R, Mishra SJ, Gopinath I, Zunjare RU, Neeraja CN, Rakshit S, Yadava DK, Hossain F. Expression Dynamics of lpa1 Gene and Accumulation Pattern of Phytate in Maize Genotypes Possessing opaque2 and crtRB1 Genes at Different Stages of Kernel Development. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:plants12091745. [PMID: 37176803 PMCID: PMC10180721 DOI: 10.3390/plants12091745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Phytic acid (PA) acts as a storehouse for the majority of the mineral phosphorous (P) in maize; ~80% of the total P stored as phytate P is not available to monogastric animals and thereby causes eutrophication. In addition, phytic acid chelates positively charged minerals making them unavailable in the diet. The mutant lpa1-1 allele reduces PA more than the wild-type LPA1 allele. Further, mutant gene opaque2 (o2) enhances lysine and tryptophan and crtRB1 enhances provitamin-A (proA) more than wild-type O2 and CRTRB1 alleles, respectively. So far, the expression pattern of the mutant lpa1-1 allele has not been analysed in maize genotypes rich in lysine, tryptophan and proA. Here, we analysed the expression pattern of wild and mutant alleles of LPA1, O2 and CRTRB1 genes in inbreds with (i) mutant lpa1-1, o2 and crtRB1 alleles, (ii) wild-type LPA1 allele and mutant o2 and crtRB1 alleles and (iii) wild-type LPA1, O2 and CRTRB1 alleles at 15, 30 and 45 days after pollination (DAP). The average reduction of PA/total phosphorous (TP) in lpa1-1 mutant inbreds was 29.30% over wild-type LPA1 allele. The o2 and crtRB1-based inbreds possessed ~two-fold higher amounts of lysine and tryptophan, and four-fold higher amounts of proA compared to wild-type alleles. The transcript levels of lpa1-1, o2 and crtRB1 genes in lpa1-1-based inbreds were significantly lower than their wild-type versions across kernel development. The lpa1-1, o2 and crtRB1 genes reached their highest peak at 15 DAP. The correlation of transcript levels of lpa1-1 was positive for PA/TP (r = 0.980), whereas it was negative with inorganic phosphorous (iP) (r = -0.950). The o2 and crtRB1 transcripts showed negative correlations with lysine (r = -0.887) and tryptophan (r = -0.893), and proA (r = -0.940), respectively. This is the first comprehensive study on lpa1-1 expression in the maize inbreds during different kernel development stages. The information generated here offers great potential for comprehending the dynamics of phytic acid regulation in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Bhatt
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
- AMITY Institute of Biotechnology, AMITY University, Noida 201313, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vignesh Muthusamy
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Kusuma Kumari Panda
- AMITY Institute of Biotechnology, AMITY University, Noida 201313, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashvinkumar Katral
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Rashmi Chhabra
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Subhra J Mishra
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Ikkurti Gopinath
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Rajkumar U Zunjare
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | | | - Sujay Rakshit
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Maize Research, Ludhiana 141004, India
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi 834010, India
| | - Devendra K Yadava
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Firoz Hossain
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
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121
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Coţovanu I, Mironeasa C, Mironeasa S. Incorporation of Buckwheat Flour at Different Particle Sizes and Distinctive Doses in Wheat Flour to Manufacture an Improved Wheat Bread. Foods 2023; 12:foods12081730. [PMID: 37107525 PMCID: PMC10137971 DOI: 10.3390/foods12081730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study explored the effect of substituting wheat flour (WF) with distinctive optimal doses of buckwheat flour (BF) corresponding to large, medium, and small particle sizes (PS), previously established based on an optimization process, on composite flour characteristics, dough rheology, and bread quality. The optimal dose for each PS was established in a previous study. The highest value for protein, lipid, mineral, and amino acids was found in the optimal composite flour with medium PS, with significant differences between those with large and small PS. The addition of BF in WF at doses corresponding to each fraction provides optimum rheological properties, with the large and medium PS providing higher performance compared to the small one. The same tendency was observed for volume and texture parameters of bread made from optimal composite flours with medium and large PS, respectively, but the crust and crumb lightness presented lower values than bread with small PS. Regarding the bread nutritional profile, the sample with medium PS possessed the highest protein, lipid, and ash content. Compared to the wheat bread, a considerably higher amino acid content, up to 21.22%, was found in bread made from optimal composite flours with medium and small PS, respectively. The bread samples with medium and large PS, respectively were superior in minerals, the value being up to 2.63 times higher compared to the control. Sensory characteristics results revealed that the bread samples containing 9.13% large and 10.57% medium PS were the most preferred by panelists. The results of this research make an important base to suitably develop wheat-buckwheat bread applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ionica Coţovanu
- Faculty of Food Engineering, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, 13 Universitatii Street, 720229 Suceava, Romania
| | - Costel Mironeasa
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Automotive and Robotics, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, 13 Universitatii Street, 720229 Suceava, Romania
| | - Silvia Mironeasa
- Faculty of Food Engineering, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, 13 Universitatii Street, 720229 Suceava, Romania
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Chang CY, Yang PX, Yu TL, Lee CL. Cordyceps cicadae NTTU 868 Mycelia Fermented with Deep Ocean Water Minerals Prevents D-Galactose-Induced Memory Deficits by Inhibiting Oxidative Inflammatory Factors and Aging-Related Risk Factors. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081968. [PMID: 37111188 PMCID: PMC10145131 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cordyceps cicadae, a medicinal fungus that is abundant in bioactive compounds such as N6-(2-hydroxyethyl)-adenosine (HEA) and polysaccharides, possesses remarkable anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and nerve damage recovery properties. Deep ocean water (DOW) contains minerals that can be absorbed and transformed into organic forms by fungi fermentation. Recent studies have shown that culturing C. cicadae in DOW can enhance its therapeutic benefits by increasing the levels of bioactive compounds and minerals' bioavailibility. In this study, we investigated the effects of DOW-cultured C. cicadae (DCC) on brain damage and memory impairment induced by D-galactose in rats. Our results indicate that DCC and its metabolite HEA can improve memory ability and exhibit potent antioxidant activity and free radical scavenging in D-galactose-induced aging rats (p < 0.05). Additionally, DCC can mitigate the expression of inflammatory factors, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), thereby preventing brain aging. Furthermore, DCC showed a significant decrease in the expression of the aging-related proteins glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and presenilin 1 (PS1). By reducing brain oxidation and aging-related factors, DOW-cultured C. cicadae demonstrate enhanced anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects, making it a promising therapeutic agent for preventing and treating age-related brain damage and cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Yu Chang
- Marine Industry and Engineer Research Center, National Academy of Marine Research, Kaohsiung 806614, Taiwan
- Department of Life Science, National Taitung University, 369, Section 2, University Rd., Taitung 95092, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Xin Yang
- Department of Life Science, National Taitung University, 369, Section 2, University Rd., Taitung 95092, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Luen Yu
- Marine Industry and Engineer Research Center, National Academy of Marine Research, Kaohsiung 806614, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Lin Lee
- Department of Life Science, National Taitung University, 369, Section 2, University Rd., Taitung 95092, Taiwan
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123
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Groce B, Lane EE, Gary DP, Ngo DT, Ngo DT, Shaon F, Belgodere JA, Pojman JA. Kinetic and Chemical Effects of Clays and Other Fillers in the Preparation of Epoxy-Vinyl Ether Composites Using Radical-Induced Cationic Frontal Polymerization. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:19403-19413. [PMID: 37027250 PMCID: PMC10119861 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c00187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Addition of fillers to formulations can generate composites with improved mechanical properties and lower the overall cost through a reduction of chemicals needed. In this study, fillers were added to resin systems consisting of epoxies and vinyl ethers that frontally polymerized through a radical-induced cationic frontal polymerization (RICFP) mechanism. Different clays, along with inert fumed silica, were added to increase the viscosity and reduce the convection, results of which did not follow many trends present in free-radical frontal polymerization. The clays were found to reduce the front velocity of RICFP systems overall compared to systems with only fumed silica. It is hypothesized that chemical effects and water content produce this reduction when clays are added to the cationic system. Mechanical and thermal properties of composites were studied, along with filler dispersion in the cured material. Drying the clays in an oven increased the front velocity. Comparing thermally insulating wood flour to thermally conducting carbon fibers, we observed that the carbon fibers resulted in an increase in front velocity, while the wood flour reduced the front velocity. Finally, it was shown that acid-treated montmorillonite K10 polymerizes RICFP systems containing vinyl ether even in the absence of an initiator, resulting in a short pot life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brecklyn
R. Groce
- Department
of Chemistry and the Macromolecular Studies Group, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Emma E. Lane
- Department
of Chemistry and the Macromolecular Studies Group, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Daniel P. Gary
- Department
of Chemistry and the Macromolecular Studies Group, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Douglas T. Ngo
- Department
of Chemistry and the Macromolecular Studies Group, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Dylan T. Ngo
- Department
of Chemistry and the Macromolecular Studies Group, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Fahima Shaon
- Department
of Chemistry and the Macromolecular Studies Group, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Jorge A. Belgodere
- Department
of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton
Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - John A. Pojman
- Department
of Chemistry and the Macromolecular Studies Group, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
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Abstract
Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) exhibit tremendously elevated risk for cardiovascular disease, particularly ischemic heart disease, due to premature vascular and cardiac aging and accelerated ectopic calcification. The presence of cardiovascular calcification associates with increased risk in patients with CKD. Disturbed mineral homeostasis and diverse comorbidities in these patients drive increased systemic cardiovascular calcification in different manifestations with diverse clinical consequences, like plaque instability, vessel stiffening, and aortic stenosis. This review outlines the heterogeneity in calcification patterning, including mineral type and location and potential implications on clinical outcomes. The advent of therapeutics currently in clinical trials may reduce CKD-associated morbidity. Development of therapeutics for cardiovascular calcification begins with the premise that less mineral is better. While restoring diseased tissues to a noncalcified homeostasis remains the ultimate goal, in some cases, calcific mineral may play a protective role, such as in atherosclerotic plaques. Therefore, developing treatments for ectopic calcification may require a nuanced approach that considers individual patient risk factors. Here, we discuss the most common cardiac and vascular calcification pathologies observed in CKD, how mineral in these tissues affects function, and the potential outcomes and considerations for therapeutic strategies that seek to disrupt the nucleation and growth of mineral. Finally, we discuss future patient-specific considerations for treating cardiac and vascular calcification in patients with CKD-a population in need of anticalcification therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D Hutcheson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL (J.D.H.)
| | - Claudia Goettsch
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Cardiology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Germany (C.G.)
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125
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Ureta-Velasco N, Keller K, Escuder-Vieco D, Fontecha J, Calvo MV, Megino-Tello J, Serrano JCE, Romero Ferreiro C, García-Lara NR, Pallás-Alonso CR. Human Milk Composition and Nutritional Status of Omnivore Human Milk Donors Compared with Vegetarian/Vegan Lactating Mothers. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081855. [PMID: 37111074 PMCID: PMC10146700 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Women of childbearing age in Western societies are increasingly adopting vegetarian diets. These women are sometimes rejected as milk donors, but little about the composition of their milk is known. The present study aimed to compare the intake, nutritional status, and nutritional composition of human milk from omnivore human milk donors (Donors) and vegetarian/vegan lactating mothers (Veg). Milk, blood, and urine samples from 92 Donors and 20 Veg were used to determine their fatty acid profiles, as well as vitamins and minerals. In a representative sample of both groups, we also determined the lipid class profile as a distribution of neutral and polar lipids, the molecular species of triacylglycerols, and the relative composition of phospholipids in their milk. A dietary assessment was conducted with a five-day dietary record (while considering the intake of supplements). We highlight the following results, expressed as the mean (SE), for the Veg vs. Donors: (1) Their docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intake was 0.11 (0.03) vs. 0.38 (0.03) g/day; the plasma DHA was 0.37 (0.07) vs. 0.83 (0.06)%; and the milk DHA was 0.15 (0.04) vs. 0.33 (0.02)%. (2) Their milk B12 levels were 545.69 (20.49) vs. 482.89 (4.11) pM; 85% of the Veg reported taking B12 supplements (mean dose: 312.1 mcg/day); and the Veg group showed no differences with Donors in terms of total daily intake or plasma B12. (3) Their milk phosphatidylcholine levels were 26.88 (0.67) vs. 30.55 (1.10)%. (4) Their milk iodine levels were 126.42 (13.37) vs. 159.22 (5.13) mcg/L. In conclusion, the Vegs' milk was shown to be different from the Donors' milk, mainly due to its low DHA content, which is concerning. However, raising awareness and ensuring proper supplementation could bridge this gap, as has already been achieved for cobalamin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Ureta-Velasco
- Department of Neonatology, Research Institute i+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Complutense University of Madrid, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Kristin Keller
- "Aladina-MGU"-Regional Human Milk Bank, Research Institute i+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Diana Escuder-Vieco
- "Aladina-MGU"-Regional Human Milk Bank, Research Institute i+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Fontecha
- Food Lipid Biomarkers and Health Group, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), CSIC-UAM, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - María V Calvo
- Food Lipid Biomarkers and Health Group, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), CSIC-UAM, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Megino-Tello
- Food Lipid Biomarkers and Health Group, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), CSIC-UAM, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - José C E Serrano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lleida, 25008 Lleida, Spain
| | - Carmen Romero Ferreiro
- Scientific Support Unit, Research Institute i+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nadia Raquel García-Lara
- Department of Neonatology, Research Institute i+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Complutense University of Madrid, 28041 Madrid, Spain
- "Aladina-MGU"-Regional Human Milk Bank, Research Institute i+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen R Pallás-Alonso
- Department of Neonatology, Research Institute i+12, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Complutense University of Madrid, 28041 Madrid, Spain
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126
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Taroncher M, Rodríguez-Carrasco Y, Barba FJ, Ruiz MJ. Enhancement of the Antioxidant Effect of Natural Products on the Proliferation of Caco-2 Cells Produced by Fish Protein Hydrolysates and Collagen. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076871. [PMID: 37047844 PMCID: PMC10095121 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
A large amount of fish side streams are produced each year, promoting huge economic and environmental problems. In order to address this issue, a potential alternative is to isolate the high-added-value compounds with beneficial properties on human health. The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of hydrolyzed fish protein and collagen samples on cell proliferation, as well as to determine the specific influence of minerals and metals on this effect and whether dietary antioxidants can enhance cell proliferation. The results of hydrolyzed fish protein and collagen samples showed negative effects on Caco-2 cell proliferation at the highest concentrations tested. Moreover, the pre-treatment of these hydrolyzates with vitamin C and E, quercetin and resveratrol increased the proliferation of bioaccessible fractions of hydrolyzated fish protein and collagen samples compared to the bioaccessible fractions without pre-treatment. The highest mineral concentrations were found for P, Ca and Mg. The metals found in the pure hydrolyzates were As, Cd, Hg and Pb; however, they appeared at almost undetectable levels in bioavailable fractions. It can be concluded that the consumption of hydrolyzates of fish by-products is an interesting strategy for complying with EFSA recommendations regarding fish consumption while at the same time reducing fish waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Taroncher
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Yelko Rodríguez-Carrasco
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco J Barba
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - María-José Ruiz
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain
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127
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Jaroszewska A, Jedrejek D, Sobolewska M, Kowalska I, Dzięcioł M. Mineral, Nutritional, and Phytochemical Composition and Baking Properties of Teff and Watermelon Seed Flours. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28073255. [PMID: 37050018 PMCID: PMC10096663 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Demonstrated limitations in the mineral and nutritional composition of refined flours have led to calls for the possibility of enriching them with health-promoting supplements, such as high-value non-cereal seeds. Teff and watermelon seeds have been found suitable for the production of gluten-free flour, but so far, their potential to enrich conventional baking flours has not been comprehensively studied. Hence, the present study aimed at farinographic evaluation of dough based on refined wheat flour with additions of whole white teff (TF) and watermelon seed (WSF) and pomace (DWSF) flours (tested levels 10%, 20%, and 30%), as well as possibly extensive chemical characterization of the plant material tested, including LC-MS/MS, GC-MS, total phenolics, flavonoids, melatonin, and antioxidant potential. Most of the rheological traits were improved in the flour mixtures compared to the base white flour: development time and quality number (above 1.6-fold increase), softening and stability time (up to 1.3-fold change), and water absorption (up to 6%). Overall, the best results were achieved after the addition of watermelon seed pomace. The DWSF material was characterized by the highest levels of P, Mg, Na (7.5, 1.7, 0.4 g/kg, respectively), and Fe and Zn (124 and 27 mg/kg), while TF was the richest in Ca (0.9 g/kg) and Mn (43 mg/kg). Protein and fat levels were significantly higher in watermelon seeds compared to teff (about double and up to 10-fold, respectively). Phytochemical analyses highlighted the abundance of phenolics, especially flavones, in TF, WSF and DWSF flours (244, 93, and 721 mg/kg, respectively). However, the value of total polyphenols was low in all materials (<2 mg GAE/g), which also correlates with the low antioxidant potential of the samples. Watermelon seed pomace was characterized by significantly higher melatonin concentration (60 µg/kg) than teff (3.5 µg/kg). This study provides new information on the chemical composition and application opportunities of teff and watermelon seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Jaroszewska
- Department of Agroengineering, Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Pawła VI Street, 71-459 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Dariusz Jedrejek
- Department of Biochemistry and Crop Quality, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation-State Research Institute, Czartoryskich 8 Street, 24-100 Puławy, Poland
| | - Magdalena Sobolewska
- Department of Agroengineering, Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Pawła VI Street, 71-459 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Iwona Kowalska
- Department of Biochemistry and Crop Quality, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation-State Research Institute, Czartoryskich 8 Street, 24-100 Puławy, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Dzięcioł
- Department of Chemical Organic Technology and Polymeric Materials, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów Ave. 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland
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Khare S. The Efficacy and Safety of Dr. SKS Hair Booster Serum (a Cocktail of Micronutrients and Multivitamins) in Adult Males and Females With Androgenetic Alopecia: An Open-Label, Non-randomized, Prospective Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e37424. [PMID: 37182050 PMCID: PMC10174677 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.37424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is frequently encountered in dermatological practice; however, there is a lack of approved treatment. At present, only three therapies have been approved for on-label use in androgenetic alopecia: minoxidil, finasteride, and lower-level laser therapy. Micronutrients are primary elements in the normal hair follicle cycle, and their role in androgenetic alopecia is a growing matter of research nowadays. This study aims to investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of Dr. SKS Hair Booster Serum, a cocktail of micronutrients and multivitamins (copper, niacinamide, hyaluronic acid, thiamine, riboflavin, and biotin), in male and female patients with androgenetic alopecia. Methods We did an open-label, non-randomized, multicenter, prospective study across five hair clinic chains in India (Mumbai, Hyderabad, Jabalpur, Balaghat, and Nagpur). Eligible participants were patients with a confirmed diagnosis of androgenetic alopecia based on clinical examination and trichoscopic findings, age of 18 years or older, and any gender. Each patient received Dr. SKS Hair Booster Serum, 1 ml in volume, once a month by mesotherapy or derma roller/derma pen for up to six months. All patients were subjected to a 60-second hair count test (comb test), hair pull test, global photographic assessment (GPA), trichoscopy assessment, patient self-assessment questionnaire, and safety assessment at baseline and six months after the treatment. Results One thousand patients (500 males and females each) with androgenetic alopecia were analyzed. There was a significant reduction in hair fall with bulb (<0.0001) and without bulb (<0.0001) six months after the treatment versus baseline. There was a significant improvement in the number of hairs removed per pull (<0.0001), global photographic assessment score (<0.0001), hair growth rate (<0.0001), follicular hair density (<0.0001), vellus hair density (<0.0001), and terminal hair density (<0.0001) six months after the treatment versus baseline. The majority of patients (95%) were satisfied with six-month treatment of Dr. SKS Hair Booster Serum. No major adverse events were reported during the study. Conclusion Dr. SKS Hair Booster Serum was found to be a safe and effective treatment for androgenetic alopecia, with 95% patient self-assessment score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuti Khare
- Department of Dermatology, Elements of Aesthetics, Mumbai, IND
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129
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Virgolici B, Popescu L, Virgolici H, Stefan C, Mohora M, Timnea O. EFFECTS OF OMEGA-3 FATTY ACIDS ASSOCIATED WITH ANTIOXIDANT VITAMINS IN OVERWEIGHT AND OBESE CHILDREN. Acta Endocrinol (Buchar) 2023; 19:221-227. [PMID: 37908888 PMCID: PMC10614586 DOI: 10.4183/aeb.2023.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Antioxidants and unsaturated fatty acids have protective effects in obesity. Aim We investigated the benefits of Omega-3 fatty acids associated with antioxidant vitamins in obese children. Magnesemia and calcemia were observed in relation with other metabolic parameters, before and after the treatment. Materials and methods 60 obese children were compared with 35 normal weight children. Each obese child received daily, one pill, containing: 130mg docosahexaenoic acid, 25mg of eicosapentaenoic acid, vitamin A 200µg, vitamin D 1,25µg, vitamin E 2,5mg and vitamin C 30mg for three months. All the participants were instructed not to change their lifestyle. Results The serum values for these minerals and for 25(OH) vitamin D were lower in obese children. The obese children had insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and an imbalance of serum adipocytokines. In obese children, the body mass index was negatively correlated with calcemia (r=-0.34) and serum 25(OH) vitamin D (r=-0.33). The HOMA-IR was negatively correlated with magnesemia (r=-0.34) and serum adiponectin (r=-0.29). The treatment improved the mineral serum level, the insulin sensitivity and the adipocytokines levels. Conclusion In obese children, the intake of Omega-3 fatty acids associated with antioxidant vitamins, for three months improved calcemia and magnesemia and increased insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Virgolici
- “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - L.A. Popescu
- “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - H.M. Virgolici
- “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - C.D. Stefan
- “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - M. Mohora
- “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - O. Timnea
- Romanian-American University, Bucharest, Romania
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Brandt EJ, Brandt DJ, Desai NR, Spatz ES, Nasir K, Mani A. Association of vitamins, minerals, and lead with lipoprotein(a) in a cross-sectional cohort of US adults. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2023; 93:99-110. [PMID: 34024154 PMCID: PMC8964024 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Lipoprotein(a)(Lp[a]) is a low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C)-like particle with potent pro-atherothrombotic properties. The association of Lp(a) with several circulating factors, including vitamins, remains unresolved. We performed an observational analysis using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III cohort, a cohort used to monitor the nutrition status of US-citizens. We used multivariable linear regression to test associations of Lp(a) and LDL-C with levels of serum vitamins and minerals and whole-blood lead. Analyses controlled for factors known to associate with Lp(a) (age, sex, race/ethnicity, statin use, hemoglobin A1c, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes, glomerular filtration rate, alcohol intake, and saturated fat intake). LDL-C was corrected for Lp(a) mass. Multiple sensitivity tests were performed, including considering factors as categorical variables (deficient, normal, elevated). Among 7,662 subjects, Lp(a) correlated (β-coefficient) positively (change per 1 conventional unit increase) with carotenoids (lycopene (0.17(0.06,0.28), p=0.005), lutein (0.19(0.07,0.30), p=0.002), β-cryptoxanthin (0.21(0.05,0.37), p=0.01), β-carotene (0.05(0.02,0.09), p=0.003), and α-carotene (0.15(0.01,0.30), p=0.04)) and lead (0.54(0.03,1.05), p=0.04) levels when tested as continuous variables. LDL-C had similar associations. Lp(a) did not associate with vitamins A, B12, C, or E retinyl esters, folate, RBC-folate, selenium, ferritin, transferrin saturation, or calcium. With factors as categorical variables, Lp(a) but not LDL-C negatively associated with elevated vitamin B12 (-5.41(-9.50, -1.53), p=0.01) and folate (-2.86(-5.09, -0.63), p=0.01). In conclusion, Lp(a) associated similarly to LDL-C when vitamins, minerals, and lead were tested as continuous variables, while only Lp(a) correlated with vitamin B12 and folate when tested as categorical variables. These observations are hypotheses generating and require further studies to determine causality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J. Brandt
- National Clinician Scholars Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Daniel J. Brandt
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Nihar R. Desai
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Erica S. Spatz
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Khurram Nasir
- Center for Outcomes Research, Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Arya Mani
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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Mahmoudi M, Guemri I, Boughalleb F, Zaidi S, Hessini K, Abdellaoui R. Minerals, fatty acids, and antioxidant activity in sea knotgrass ( Polygonum maritimum L.) seeds. Nat Prod Res 2023; 37:1372-1376. [PMID: 34749556 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.2000411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The design of the current study was to determine the functional properties of P. maritimum seeds by evaluating their mineral content, fatty acid composition, and biactive compounds. Results showed that seeds contained remarkable amounts of Na, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, and Fe. The oil yield was found to be 4.58% and contained higher unsaturated fatty acids predominated by linoleic and oleic acids. The colorimetric investigation revealed high total polyphenol (33.56 mg gallic acid equivalent/g), flavonoid (46.3 mg quercetin equivalent/g), and condensed tannin (22.3 mg catechin equivalent/g) contents. Furthermore, the LC-ESI/MS analysis revealed the presence of 13 phenolics mostly predominated by (+) catechin, quercetin-3-O-galactoside, gallic acid, and quinic acid. The seeds possessed strong antioxidant potential evidenced by ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activities, total antioxidant capacity, and reducing power. The present findings suggest that P. maritimum seeds may be used as a potential source of biologically active natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maher Mahmoudi
- Faculty of Sciences of Gabes, University of Gabes, Gabes, Tunisia
- Arid Regions Institute, LR16IRA03 Laboratory of Rangeland Ecosystems and Valorization of Spontaneous Plants and Associated Microorganisms, University of Gabes, Medenine, Tunisia
| | - Ichraf Guemri
- Arid Regions Institute, LR16IRA03 Laboratory of Rangeland Ecosystems and Valorization of Spontaneous Plants and Associated Microorganisms, University of Gabes, Medenine, Tunisia
| | - Fayçal Boughalleb
- Arid Regions Institute, LR16IRA03 Laboratory of Rangeland Ecosystems and Valorization of Spontaneous Plants and Associated Microorganisms, University of Gabes, Medenine, Tunisia
| | - Slah Zaidi
- Arid Regions Institute, Platform Advances Analysis, University of Gabes, Medenine, Tunisia
| | - Kamel Hessini
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raoudha Abdellaoui
- Arid Regions Institute, LR16IRA03 Laboratory of Rangeland Ecosystems and Valorization of Spontaneous Plants and Associated Microorganisms, University of Gabes, Medenine, Tunisia
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Wentrup C. The Alchemist, Metal-Divider and Transmuter Carl F. Wenzel and his 1776 Award from the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences through Professor C. G. Kratzenstein. Chempluschem 2023; 88:e202300091. [PMID: 36976519 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
C. F. Wenzel was a chemist and an alchemist. He had deep knowledge of acids, bases and salts, and he was credited with the first formulation of the Law of Mass Action. Yet he was also an alchemist, who on the eve of the Chemical Revolution published his beliefs in transmutation and in the division of metals into their constituents, for which he was rewarded with the gold medal of the Royal Danish Academy of the Sciences. His promoter, Professor C. G. Kratzenstein, was himself a believer in transmutation, even if he voiced some reservations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Curt Wentrup
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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Tardugno R, Virga A, Nava V, Mannino F, Salvo A, Monaco F, Giorgianni M, Cicero N. Toxic and Potentially Toxic Mineral Elements of Edible Gastropods Land Snails (Mediterranean Escargot). Toxics 2023; 11:317. [PMID: 37112544 PMCID: PMC10144157 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11040317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The meat of snails can be considered a high-quality food for the human diet and demand is already increasing across Europe. Due to the bioaccumulation of trace elements in their tissues, land snails can be a significant tool also for environmental pollution evaluation. In this study, 28 mineral elements (Ag, Al, As, B, Ba, Be, Bi, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, K, Li, Na, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Sr, Ti, Tl, V, Zn) in both the edible part and the shell of edible land snails commercially available in Southern Italy belonging to Cernuella virgata, Helix aperta, Theba pisana species were investigated by ICP-MS and direct mercury analyser. The concentration of trace elements was variable among the samples. The variability demonstrates the close connection among the type of snail, the geographical origin, and the habitat in which the species grows. The edible part of the snails analysed in this study was found to be a good source of macro-nutrients. Toxic elements were detected in some samples, especially in shells; nevertheless, the values fell within the safety limits. Further investigations and monitoring of mineral contents in edible land snails are suggested both for human health and environmental pollution evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Tardugno
- Department of Pharmacy—Drug Sciences, University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonino Virga
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Sciences, University of Palermo, 90121 Palermo, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Nava
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Image Sciences (BIOMORF), University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy
| | - Federica Mannino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via C. Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Andrea Salvo
- Department of Chemistry and Drug Technology, University of Roma La Sapienza, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Francesco Monaco
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Image Sciences (BIOMORF), University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy
| | - Mario Giorgianni
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Image Sciences (BIOMORF), University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy
| | - Nicola Cicero
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Image Sciences (BIOMORF), University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy
- Science4life srl, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy
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134
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Kim H, Park SG. Effect of a Single Multi-Vitamin and Mineral Supplement on Nutritional Intake in Korean Elderly: Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2018-2020. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071561. [PMID: 37049402 PMCID: PMC10097026 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Inadequate nutritional intake is common, especially among elderly individuals. Although micronutrient intake may help fill nutritional gaps, the effects of multi-vitamin and mineral supplements (MVMS) among the Korean elderly are not well known. Therefore, we investigated the nutrition-improving effects of a single MVMS. A total of 2478 people aged ≥65 years who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey 2018-2020 were analyzed. Nutrient intake from food and supplements was measured using the 24 h recall method. We compared the nutritional intake and insufficiency between the food-only group (n = 2170) and the food and MVMS group (n = 308). We also evaluated the differences in inadequate nutritional intake after taking MVMS with food. The analysis included vitamins A and C, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, calcium, iron, and phosphorus. The proportion of insufficient intake ranged from 6.2% to 80.5% for men and from 21.2% to 82.4% for women, depending on the nutrients. Intake of MVMS with food was associated with lower rates of inadequacy (3.8-68.5% for men and 3.3-75.5% for women) compared to the food-only group. The results suggest that micronutrient deficiency frequently occurs in the Korean elderly population and can be improved by MVMS intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyoeun Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan 48108, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Guk Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan 48108, Republic of Korea
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135
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Fagbohun OF, Gillies CR, Murphy KPJ, Rupasinghe HPV. Role of Antioxidant Vitamins and Other Micronutrients on Regulations of Specific Genes and Signaling Pathways in the Prevention and Treatment of Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076092. [PMID: 37047063 PMCID: PMC10093825 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is an escalating global issue, with 19.3 million new cases and 9.9 million deaths in 2020. Therefore, effective approaches to prevent cancer are urgently required. Diet plays a significant role in determining cancer risk. Nutrients and food bioactives influence specific signaling pathways in the body. Recently, there have been significant advances in cancer prevention research through nutrigenomics or with the effects of dietary components on the genome. Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus databases were used to search for peer-reviewed articles between 2017 and 2023. Criteria used were vitamins, minerals, tumors, cancer, genes, inflammation, signaling pathways, and nutrigenomics. Among the total of 1857 articles available, the highest relevant 90 articles that specifically discussed signaling pathways and genes on cancer cell lines and human cancer patients were selected and reviewed. Food sources are rich in antioxidant micronutrients, which are effective in activating or regulating signaling pathways involved in pathogenesis and cancer therapy by activating enzymes such as mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), protein kinase C (PKC), and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). The micronutrients are involved in the regulation of β-catenin (WNT/β-catenin) including mutations in Kras and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) alongside inhibition of the NF-kB pathway. The most common mechanism of cancer prevention by these micronutrients is their antioxidative, anti-inflammation, and anti-apoptosis effects. This review discusses how nutrigenomics is essential and beneficial for developing cancer prevention and treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oladapo F Fagbohun
- Department Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 2R8, Canada
| | - Caroline R Gillies
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 2R8, Canada
| | - Kieran P J Murphy
- Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - H P Vasantha Rupasinghe
- Department Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 2R8, Canada
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
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Shkembi B, Huppertz T. Impact of Dairy Products and Plant-Based Alternatives on Dental Health: Food Matrix Effects. Nutrients 2023; 15:1469. [PMID: 36986199 PMCID: PMC10056336 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The impact of dairy products on dental health has been researched widely and shows an important role of various constituents, as well as the specific product matrix, in maintaining and improving dental health. These include, for instance, the position of lactose as the least cariogenic fermentable sugar, the high levels of calcium and phosphate, the presence of phosphopeptides as well as the antibacterial peptides lactoferrin and lysozyme and high buffering capacity. With plant-based alternatives for dairy products being developed and marketed these days, the specific benefits of dairy products in relation to dental health are often overlooked and most products contain more cariogenic carbohydrates, lack phosphopeptides, and have fewer minerals and less buffering capacity. Comparative studies performed to date indeed suggest that plant-based products do not match dairy counterparts when it comes to maintaining and improving dental health. Careful consideration of these aspects is required in relation to future developments of products and human diets. In this paper, we review the impact of dairy products and plant-based dairy alternatives on dental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blerina Shkembi
- Food Quality & Design Group, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Thom Huppertz
- Food Quality & Design Group, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
- FrieslandCampina, 3818 LE Amersfoort, The Netherlands
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137
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Sulieman AME, Alanaizy E, Alanaizy NA, Abdallah EM, Idriss H, Salih ZA, Ibrahim NA, Ali NA, Ibrahim SE, Abd El Hakeem BS. Unveiling Chemical, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Properties of Fagonia indica Grown in the Hail Mountains, Saudi Arabia. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:1354. [PMID: 36987042 PMCID: PMC10054747 DOI: 10.3390/plants12061354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The Aja and Salma mountains in the Hail region are home to a variety of indigenous wild plants, some of which are used in Bedouin folk medicine to treat various ailments. The purpose of the current study was to unveil the chemical, antioxidant and antibacterial properties of Fagonia indica (Showeka) grown widely in these mountains, as data on the biological activities of this plant in this remote area are scarce. XRF spectrometry indicated the presence of some essential elements, which were in the order of Ca > S > K > AL > CL > Si > P > Fe > Mg > Na > Ti > Sr > Zn > Mn. Qualitative chemical screening revealed the presence of saponins, terpenes, flavonoids, tannins, phenols and cardiac glycosides in the methanolic extract (80% v/v). GC-MS showed the presence of 2-chloropropanoic acid 18.5%, tetrahydro-2-methylfuran 20.1%, tridecanoic acid 12-methyl-, methyl ester 2.2%, hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester 8.6%, methyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate 13.4%, methyl linoleate 7.0%, petroselinic acid methyl ester 15%, erucylamide 6.7% and diosgenin 8.5%. Total phenols, total tannins, flavonoids, DPPH, reducing power, -carotene and ABTS IC50 (mg/mL) scavenging activity were used to measure the antioxidant capabilities of Fagonia indica, which exhibited prominent antioxidant properties at low concentrations when compared to ascorbic acid, butylate hydroxytoluene and beta-carotene. The antibacterial investigation revealed significant inhibitory effects against Bacillus subtilis MTCC121 and Pseudomona aeruginosa MTCC 741 with inhibition zones of 15.00 ± 1.5 and 12.0 ± 1.0 mm, respectively. The MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) and MBC (minimum bactericidal concentration) ranged between 125 to 500 μg/mL. The MBC/MIC ratio indicated possible bactericidal efficacy against Bacillus subtilis and bacteriostatic activity against Pseudomona aeruginosa. The study also showed that this plant has anti-biofilm formation activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel Moneim E. Sulieman
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Hail University, Hail 2440, Saudi Arabia; (E.A.); (N.A.A.)
| | - Eida Alanaizy
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Hail University, Hail 2440, Saudi Arabia; (E.A.); (N.A.A.)
| | - Naimah A. Alanaizy
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Hail University, Hail 2440, Saudi Arabia; (E.A.); (N.A.A.)
| | - Emad M. Abdallah
- Department of Science Laboratories, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Ar Rass 51921, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hajo Idriss
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia;
- Deanship of Scientific Research, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zakaria A. Salih
- Department of Research and Training, Research and Training Station, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Nasir A. Ibrahim
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Nahid Abdelraheem Ali
- Department of Home Economic, College of Home Economic, King Khalid University (KKU), Guraiger, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia; (N.A.A.); (S.E.I.); (B.S.A.E.H.)
| | - Salwa E. Ibrahim
- Department of Home Economic, College of Home Economic, King Khalid University (KKU), Guraiger, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia; (N.A.A.); (S.E.I.); (B.S.A.E.H.)
| | - Bothaina S. Abd El Hakeem
- Department of Home Economic, College of Home Economic, King Khalid University (KKU), Guraiger, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia; (N.A.A.); (S.E.I.); (B.S.A.E.H.)
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Lopes M, Silva AS, Séndon R, Barbosa-Pereira L, Cavaleiro C, Ramos F. Towards the Sustainable Exploitation of Salt-Tolerant Plants: Nutritional Characterisation, Phenolics Composition, and Potential Contaminants Analysis of Salicornia ramosissima and Sarcocornia perennis alpini. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062726. [PMID: 36985696 PMCID: PMC10059647 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing soil salinisation represents a serious threat to food security, and therefore the exploitation of high-yielding halophytes, such as Salicornia and Sarcocornia, needs to be considered not merely in arid regions but worldwide. In this study, Salicornia ramosissima and Sarcocornia perennis alpini were evaluated for nutrients, bioactive compounds, antioxidant capacity, and contaminants. Both were shown to be nutritionally relevant, exhibiting notable levels of crude fibre and ash, i.e., 11.26-15.34 and 39.46-40.41% dry weight (dw), respectively, and the major minerals were Na, K, and Mg. Total phenolics thereof were 67.05 and 38.20 mg of gallic acid equivalents/g extract dw, respectively, mainly p-coumaric acid and quercetin. Both species displayed antioxidant capacity, but S. ramossima was prominent in both the DPPH and ß-carotene bleaching assays. Aflatoxin B1 was detected in S. ramosissima, at 5.21 µg/Kg dw, which may pose a health threat. The Cd and Pb levels in both were low, but the 0.01 mg/Kg Hg in S. perennis alpini met the maximum legal limit established for marine species including algae. Both species exhibit high potential for use in the agro-food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical sectors, but specific regulations and careful cultivation strategies need to be implemented, in order to minimise contamination risks by mycotoxins and heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lopes
- University of Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry (LAQV) of the Network of Chemistry and Technology (REQUIMTE), R. D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Sanches Silva
- University of Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- National Institute for Agricultural and Veterinary Research (INIAV), I.P., Rua dos Lagidos, Lugar da Madalena, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal
- Centre for Study in Animal Science (CECA), ICETA, University of Porto, 4051-501 Porto, Portugal
| | - Raquel Séndon
- Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science Department, Pharmacy Faculty, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Letricia Barbosa-Pereira
- Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science Department, Pharmacy Faculty, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carlos Cavaleiro
- University of Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Chemical Process Engineering and Forest Products Research Centre, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima, Polo II, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Fernando Ramos
- University of Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry (LAQV) of the Network of Chemistry and Technology (REQUIMTE), R. D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal
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139
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Mamet T, Xu BJ, Li X, Zhang J, Li C, Wang L. Chemical and nutritional composition of Pamir yak milk from Xinjiang. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2023; 107:350-356. [PMID: 35522695 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Pamir yak milk is considered to be ideal food for local people, but its nutritional profile has not yet been reported. This study investigated the chemical and nutritional composition of Pamir yak milk, and compared the results with reference composition of goat and cow milk. We found that the Pamir yak milk had higher contents of protein (4.30%), fat (4.63), lactose (5.21%) and total solid (14.84%) than that of goat and cow milk. The predominant amino acids were glutamate (20%), proline (10%), lysine (10%) and leucine (10%), of which the essential amino acids accounted for 48% of the total amino acids. Meanwhile, Pamir yak milk was rich in minerals such as Ca, Fe, Zn and Mg and thiamine (B1 ), niacin (B3 ), Pyridoxine (B6 ) and cobalamin (B12 ) were higher than those of cow and goat milk. Also, medium-chain fatty acids (C12-C16) exhibited the highest level. However, The α -linolenic acid (C18:3), eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid were found in yak milk. All of the above-mentioned differences were demonstrated by the fact that the yak milk quality may be affecting by pasture production, animal species and nutritive value of the herbage. Therefore, Pamir yak milk is a promising alternative food that may contribute to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torkun Mamet
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China.,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Bing-Jie Xu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiaotong Li
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Caihong Li
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China.,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
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140
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Statsenko ES, Korneva NY, Pokotilo OV, Litvinenko OV. Development of technology for producing wheat bread enriched with soy ingredient. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2023; 29:97-104. [PMID: 34866464 DOI: 10.1177/10820132211062991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nutritional supplements produced from soy and being rich in protein, fat and many other valuable substances have become a promising source of fortification of bakery products. This study aimed to develop a technology for producing wheat bread enriched with a protein-vitamin-mineral ingredient (PVMI) obtained from germinated soybeans. When kneading the dough, PVMI was added together with wheat flour and other dry components. Mathematical modeling of the wheat bread sensory evaluation showed the optimal content of PVMI in the recipe was 20% of the weight of wheat flour. As a result of the correlation-regression analysis, the most rational production characteristics for obtaining bread enriched with BVMI have been established. The amount of protein in the bread sample increased by 71.9%, dietary fiber - by 40.9%, vitamin E - by 34.7%, vitamin B1 - by 190%, vitamin B2 - by 80%, choline - by 186%. The fat quantity was 4.1 times more. At the same time, the total carbohydrate content decreased by 18.1% compared to the control sample. The improved chemical composition makes it possible to classify wheat bread with PVMI as an enriched food product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina S Statsenko
- 509418All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Soybean, Blagoveshchensk, Amur Region, Russia
| | - Nadezhda Yu Korneva
- 509418All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Soybean, Blagoveshchensk, Amur Region, Russia
| | - Olesya V Pokotilo
- 509418All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Soybean, Blagoveshchensk, Amur Region, Russia
| | - Oksana V Litvinenko
- 509418All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Soybean, Blagoveshchensk, Amur Region, Russia
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141
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Alves JB, Rodrigues MHP, Duarte FA, Furlong EB, Christ-Ribeiro A. Rice Bran and Its Potential To Complement the Nutritional Needs of Children and Elderly. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 2023; 78:86-92. [PMID: 36334233 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-022-01014-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Rice bran is an agro-industrial by-product of low added value that can be used to complement human nutritional needs. In this work, the profile of minerals, fatty acids and amino acids in brown rice bran was determined, aiming to evaluate its potential to complement the nutritional needs of different age groups, according to recommendations of regulatory agencies. The brown rice bran was supplied by a rice processing industry located in the south of the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Minerals were quantified using an emission spectrometer; the fatty acid profile was determined by gas chromatography and the amino acids were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence (HPLC-FL). The main minerals were phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg), potassium (K) and calcium (Ca) (2,933, 1,029, 211 and 56 mg / 100 g of rice bran). Saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids in rice bran were 22.4, 36.2 and 34.5% of lipid content, respectively. The polar, neutral and charged amino acids represented 8.8, 9.3 and 12.8% of the protein content, respectively. The composition of this co-product of rice supply chain is a good alternative to the new demand on plant-based food supplying the recommended daily intake (RDI) of national and international food polices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janaína Barreto Alves
- Laboratório de Micotoxinas e Ciência de Alimentos, Curso de Engenharia de Alimentos, Escola de Química e Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brasil
| | - Marcy Heli Paiva Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Micotoxinas e Ciência de Alimentos, Curso de Engenharia de Alimentos, Escola de Química e Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brasil
| | - Fabio Andrei Duarte
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Eliana Badiale Furlong
- Laboratório de Micotoxinas e Ciência de Alimentos, Curso de Engenharia de Alimentos, Escola de Química e Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brasil
| | - Anelise Christ-Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Micotoxinas e Ciência de Alimentos, Curso de Engenharia de Alimentos, Escola de Química e Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brasil.
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142
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Cimmino F, Catapano A, Petrella L, Villano I, Tudisco R, Cavaliere G. Role of Milk Micronutrients in Human Health. FRONT BIOSCI-LANDMRK 2023; 28:41. [PMID: 36866551 DOI: 10.31083/j.fbl2802041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this review is to provide an overview of different compositions, in terms of main minerals and vitamins, of milk from animal species that represent the most common source of this food for humans, highlighting the uniqueness of nutritional qualities linked to animal species. It is known that milk is an important and valuable food for human nutrition, representing an excellent source of nutrients. Indeed, it contains both macronutrients (proteins, carbohydrates, and fat) that contribute to its nutritive and biological value and micronutrients represented by minerals and vitamins, which play a relevant role in the body's various vital functions. Although their supply is represented by small quantities, vitamins and minerals are important components for a healthy diet. Milk composition in terms of minerals and vitamins differs between various animal species. Micronutrients are important components for human health as their deficiency is causes of malnutrition. Furthermore, we report on the most significant metabolic and beneficial effects of certain micronutrients in the milk, emphasizing the importance of this food for human health and the need for some milk enrichment procedures with the most relevant micronutrients to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiano Cimmino
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", 84126 Naples, Italy.,Centro Servizi Metrologici e Tecnologici Avanzati (CeSMA), Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Catapano
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", 84126 Naples, Italy
| | - Lidia Petrella
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", 84126 Naples, Italy
| | - Ines Villano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaella Tudisco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples "Federico II", 80100 Naples, Italy
| | - Gina Cavaliere
- Centro Servizi Metrologici e Tecnologici Avanzati (CeSMA), Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, 80126 Naples, Italy.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
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143
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Clemente-Villalba J, Burló F, Hernández F, Carbonell-Barrachina ÁA. Valorization of Wild Edible Plants as Food Ingredients and Their Economic Value. Foods 2023; 12:foods12051012. [PMID: 36900530 PMCID: PMC10001278 DOI: 10.3390/foods12051012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Wild Edible Plants (WEPs) are plants that grow without human help, by simply using the available resources. These types of plants are undervalued, because there is a lack of knowledge about their bioactive composition and nutritional/functional potential. (2) Scope and Approach: The main aim of this review is to fully identify the potential uses and importance of WEPs in certain regions based on (i) their sustainability, because they grow with their own resources, (ii) their content of bioactive compounds and consequently nutritional and functional value, (iii) their socio-economic relevance, and (iv) their ability to be useful in the agri-food industry in the short term. (3) Results: This review found evidence that a consumption of between 100 and 200 g of some of these WEPs can cover up to 50% of the recommended daily intake of proteins and fiber, being also a natural source of macro- and micro-minerals. Regarding their bioactive composition, most of these plants contain phenolic compounds and flavonoids, which determine their antioxidant capacity. (4) Conclusions: These reported results clearly demonstrate the high potential of the WEPs from a nutritional, economic and social point of view; although further studies are needed to gather deeper scientific information about their potential role in the socio-economic sustainability of specific groups of farmers worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Clemente-Villalba
- Research Group “Food Quality and Safety”, Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentaria y Agroambiental (CIAGRO-UMH), Miguel Hernández University, 03312 Orihuela, Spain
| | - Francisco Burló
- Research Group “Food Quality and Safety”, Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentaria y Agroambiental (CIAGRO-UMH), Miguel Hernández University, 03312 Orihuela, Spain
| | - Francisca Hernández
- Grupo de Investigación en Fruticultura y Técnicas de Producción, Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentaria y Agroambiental (CIAGRO-UMH), Miguel Hernández University, 03312 Orihuela, Spain
| | - Ángel A. Carbonell-Barrachina
- Research Group “Food Quality and Safety”, Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentaria y Agroambiental (CIAGRO-UMH), Miguel Hernández University, 03312 Orihuela, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-96-674-97-54
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144
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Gonçalves B, Pinto T, Aires A, Morais MC, Bacelar E, Anjos R, Ferreira-Cardoso J, Oliveira I, Vilela A, Cosme F. Composition of Nuts and Their Potential Health Benefits-An Overview. Foods 2023; 12:942. [PMID: 36900459 PMCID: PMC10000569 DOI: 10.3390/foods12050942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The possibility that nut intake may defend human health is an interesting point of view and has been investigated worldwide. Consequently, nuts are commonly promoted as healthy. In recent decades, the number of investigations proposing a correlation between nut consumption and a decrease in the risk of key chronic diseases has continued to increase. Nuts are a source of intake of fiber, and dietary fiber is associated with a reduced occurrence of obesity and cardiovascular diseases. Nuts likewise provide minerals and vitamins to the diet and supply phytochemicals that function as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and phytoestrogens agents and other protective mechanisms. Therefore, the main goal of this overview is to summarize current information and to describe the utmost new investigation concerning the health benefits of certain nuts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berta Gonçalves
- CITAB, Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Inov4Agro, Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Trás-of-Montes and Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Teresa Pinto
- CITAB, Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Inov4Agro, Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Trás-of-Montes and Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Alfredo Aires
- CITAB, Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Inov4Agro, Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Trás-of-Montes and Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Maria Cristina Morais
- CITAB, Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Inov4Agro, Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Trás-of-Montes and Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Eunice Bacelar
- CITAB, Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Inov4Agro, Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Trás-of-Montes and Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Rosário Anjos
- CITAB, Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Inov4Agro, Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Trás-of-Montes and Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Jorge Ferreira-Cardoso
- CITAB, Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Inov4Agro, Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Trás-of-Montes and Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ivo Oliveira
- CITAB, Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Inov4Agro, Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Trás-of-Montes and Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Alice Vilela
- CQ-VR, Chemistry Research Centre—Vila Real, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Cosme
- CQ-VR, Chemistry Research Centre—Vila Real, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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145
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Garhwal R, Bhardwaj A, Sangwan K, Mehra R, Pal Y, Nayan V, Iquebal MA, Jaiswal S, Kumar H. Milk from Halari Donkey Breed: Nutritional Analysis, Vitamins, Minerals, and Amino Acids Profiling. Foods 2023; 12:foods12040853. [PMID: 36832927 PMCID: PMC9957152 DOI: 10.3390/foods12040853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
This current research set out to characterize Halari donkey milk by investigating its nutritional constituents, including its proximate analysis, water activity, titratable acidity, energy, and microbiological analysis. A comprehensive profiling of vitamins, minerals, and amino acids was also carried out. It was found that the composition of Halari donkey milk was consistent with previously published donkey milk literature and was comparable to that of human milk. Halari donkey milk has low 0.86 ± 0.04% fat content, 2.03 ± 0.03% protein content, 0.51 ± 0.05% ash content, and high 5.75 ± 0.15% lactose content making it sweet and palatable. The energy content of Halari donkey milk was 40.39 ± 0.31 kcal/100 g, and the water activity ranged from 0.973 to 0.975. Titratable acidity was 0.03 ± 0.01%. Halari donkey milk can be considered acceptable and microbiologically safe, having low total plate count and yeast and mould counts. Mineral testing revealed that Halari donkey milk included significant amounts of magnesium, sodium, calcium, potassium, phosphorus, and zinc. The concentration of different vitamins and amino acids such as isoleucine and valine also contribute to the nutritional value of Halari donkey milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renu Garhwal
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur 303002, India
| | - Anuradha Bhardwaj
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research—National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar 125001, India
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (H.K.); Tel.: +91-9802249964 (A.B.); +91-9805027899 (H.K.)
| | - Karnam Sangwan
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur 303002, India
| | - Rahul Mehra
- Food Science & Technology MMICT & BM(HM), Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana, Ambala 133203, India
| | - Yash Pal
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research—National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar 125001, India
| | - Varij Nayan
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research—Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar 125001, India
| | - Mir Asif Iquebal
- Division of Agricultural Bioinformatics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Sarika Jaiswal
- Division of Agricultural Bioinformatics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Harish Kumar
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur 303002, India
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (H.K.); Tel.: +91-9802249964 (A.B.); +91-9805027899 (H.K.)
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146
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Lovegrove A, Dunn J, Pellny TK, Hood J, Burridge AJ, America AHP, Gilissen L, Timmer R, Proos-Huijsmans ZAM, van Straaten JP, Jonkers D, Ward JL, Brouns F, Shewry PR. Comparative Compositions of Grain of Bread Wheat, Emmer and Spelt Grown with Different Levels of Nitrogen Fertilisation. Foods 2023; 12. [PMID: 36832918 DOI: 10.3390/foods12040843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Five cultivars of bread wheat and spelt and three of emmer were grown in replicate randomised field trials on two sites for two years with 100 and 200 kg nitrogen fertiliser per hectare, reflecting low input and intensive farming systems. Wholemeal flours were analysed for components that are suggested to contribute to a healthy diet. The ranges of all components overlapped between the three cereal types, reflecting the effects of both genotype and environment. Nevertheless, statistically significant differences in the contents of some components were observed. Notably, emmer and spelt had higher contents of protein, iron, zinc, magnesium, choline and glycine betaine, but also of asparagine (the precursor of acrylamide) and raffinose. By contrast, bread wheat had higher contents of the two major types of fibre, arabinoxylan (AX) and β-glucan, than emmer and a higher AX content than spelt. Although such differences in composition may be suggested to result in effects on metabolic parameters and health when studied in isolation, the final effects will depend on the quantity consumed and the composition of the overall diet.
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147
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Zheng J, Wu F, Wang F, Cheng J, Zou H, Li Y, Du J, Kan J. Biomarkers of Micronutrients and Phytonutrients and Their Application in Epidemiological Studies. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15040970. [PMID: 36839326 PMCID: PMC9959711 DOI: 10.3390/nu15040970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutritional biomarkers can be used as important indicators of nutritional status and play crucial roles in the prevention as well as prognosis optimization of various metabolism-related diseases. Measuring dietary with the deployment of biomarker assessments provides quantitative nutritional information that can better predict the health outcomes. With the increased availability of nutritional biomarkers and the development of assessment tools, the specificity and sensitivity of nutritional biomarkers have been greatly improved. This enables efficient disease surveillance in nutrition research. A wide range of biomarkers have been used in different types of studies, including clinical trials, observational studies, and qualitative studies, to reflect the relationship between diet and health. Through a comprehensive literature search, we reviewed the well-established nutritional biomarkers of vitamins, minerals, and phytonutrients, and their association with epidemiological studies, to better understand the role of nutrition in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianheng Zheng
- Nutrilite Health Institute, 720 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Feng Wu
- Sequanta Technologies Co., Ltd., 240 Hedan Road, Shanghai 200131, China
| | - Feijie Wang
- Nutrilite Health Institute, 720 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Junrui Cheng
- Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Hong Zou
- Sequanta Technologies Co., Ltd., 240 Hedan Road, Shanghai 200131, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Sequanta Technologies Co., Ltd., 240 Hedan Road, Shanghai 200131, China
| | - Jun Du
- Nutrilite Health Institute, 720 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Juntao Kan
- Nutrilite Health Institute, 720 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-21-2305-6982
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148
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Colon S, Paige A, Bolarinho R, Young H, Gerdon AE. Secondary Structure of DNA Aptamer Influences Biomimetic Mineralization of Calcium Carbonate. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:6274-6282. [PMID: 36715729 PMCID: PMC9924263 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c15626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Calcium materials, such as calcium carbonate, are produced in natural and industrial settings that range from oceanic to biomedical. An array of biological and biomimetic template molecules have been employed in controlling and understanding the mineralization reaction but have largely focused on small molecule additives or disordered polyelectrolytes. DNA aptamers are synthetic and programmable biomolecules with polyelectrolyte characteristics but with predictable and controllable secondary structure akin to native extracellular moieties. This work demonstrates for the first time the influence of DNA aptamers with known G-quadruplex structures on calcium carbonate mineralization. Aptamers demonstrate kinetic inhibition of mineral formation, sequence and pH-dependent uptake into the mineral, and morphological control of the primarily calcite material in controlled solution conditions. In reactions initiated from the complex matrix of ocean water, DNA aptamers demonstrated enhancement of mineralization kinetics and resulting amorphous material. This work provides new biomimetic tools to employ in controlled mineralization and demonstrates the influence that template secondary structure can have in material formation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rylie Bolarinho
- Department of Chemistry and
Physics, Emmanuel College, 400 The Fenway, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Hailey Young
- Department of Chemistry and
Physics, Emmanuel College, 400 The Fenway, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Aren E Gerdon
- Department of Chemistry and
Physics, Emmanuel College, 400 The Fenway, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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149
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Rotta PP, Marcondes MI, Engle T. Editorial: Nutritional requirements in production animals. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1138636. [PMID: 36825230 PMCID: PMC9941735 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1138636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcos Inácio Marcondes
- Department of Animal Sciences Dairy Cattle Nutrition, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Terry Engle
- Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States,*Correspondence: Terry Engle ✉
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150
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Jiang Z, Zhou S, Peng Y, Wen X, Ni Y, Li M. Effect of Milling on Nutritional Components in Common and Zinc-Biofortified Wheat. Nutrients 2023; 15. [PMID: 36839191 DOI: 10.3390/nu15040833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofortification is one of the most successful approaches to enhance the level of micronutrients in wheat. In the present study, wheats with zinc biofortification (foliar fertilization and breeding strategies) were milled into five components (whole flour, break flour, reduction flour, fine bran, and coarse bran) and their mineral content and nutritional components were evaluated. The results revealed that biofortification greatly increased the Zn concentration (by 30.58%-30.86%) and soluble Zn content (by 28.57%-42.86%) of whole flour after digestion. This improvement is mainly in break flour, reduction flour, and fine bran. Meanwhile, the contents of macronutrients including ash, lipids, and proteins and micronutrients containing iron, calcium, and vitamins (B1, B6, and B9) increased after biofortification. In addition, there was a decline in the concentrations of vitamins B2 and B5. Although dietary fibers and starch are the major carbohydrates, total dietary fiber exhibited a declining trend in coarse bran, and starch exhibited a rising trend in break and reduction flour. There was a decrease in the molar ratio of phytates: zinc did not promote a significant improvement in zinc bioaccessibility. These results can be useful for generating wheat varieties rich in micronutrients as well as having better nutritional traits.
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