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Chang MEK, Lange J, Cartier JM, Moore TW, Soriano SM, Albracht B, Krawitzky M, Guturu H, Alavi A, Stukalov A, Zhou X, Elgierari EM, Chu J, Benz R, Cuevas JC, Ferdosi S, Hornburg D, Farokhzad O, Siddiqui A, Batzoglou S, Leach RJ, Liss MA, Kopp RP, Flory MR. A Scaled Proteomic Discovery Study for Prostate Cancer Diagnostic Markers Using Proteograph TM and Trapped Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8010. [PMID: 39125581 PMCID: PMC11311733 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
There is a significant unmet need for clinical reflex tests that increase the specificity of prostate-specific antigen blood testing, the longstanding but imperfect tool for prostate cancer diagnosis. Towards this endpoint, we present the results from a discovery study that identifies new prostate-specific antigen reflex markers in a large-scale patient serum cohort using differentiating technologies for deep proteomic interrogation. We detect known prostate cancer blood markers as well as novel candidates. Through bioinformatic pathway enrichment and network analysis, we reveal associations of differentially abundant proteins with cytoskeletal, metabolic, and ribosomal activities, all of which have been previously associated with prostate cancer progression. Additionally, optimized machine learning classifier analysis reveals proteomic signatures capable of detecting the disease prior to biopsy, performing on par with an accepted clinical risk calculator benchmark.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew E. K. Chang
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97201, USA; (M.E.K.C.); (S.M.S.)
| | - Jane Lange
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97201, USA; (M.E.K.C.); (S.M.S.)
| | - Jessie May Cartier
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97201, USA; (M.E.K.C.); (S.M.S.)
| | - Travis W. Moore
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97201, USA; (M.E.K.C.); (S.M.S.)
| | - Sophia M. Soriano
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97201, USA; (M.E.K.C.); (S.M.S.)
| | - Brenna Albracht
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ryan Benz
- Seer Inc., Redwood City, CA 94065, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Robin J. Leach
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Michael A. Liss
- Roger L. & Laura D. Zeller Charitable Foundation in Urologic Oncology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Ryan P. Kopp
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97201, USA; (M.E.K.C.); (S.M.S.)
| | - Mark R. Flory
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97201, USA; (M.E.K.C.); (S.M.S.)
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Samaržija I. The Potential of Extracellular Matrix- and Integrin Adhesion Complex-Related Molecules for Prostate Cancer Biomarker Discovery. Biomedicines 2023; 12:79. [PMID: 38255186 PMCID: PMC10813710 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is among the top five cancer types according to incidence and mortality. One of the main obstacles in prostate cancer management is the inability to foresee its course, which ranges from slow growth throughout years that requires minimum or no intervention to highly aggressive disease that spreads quickly and resists treatment. Therefore, it is not surprising that numerous studies have attempted to find biomarkers of prostate cancer occurrence, risk stratification, therapy response, and patient outcome. However, only a few prostate cancer biomarkers are used in clinics, which shows how difficult it is to find a novel biomarker. Cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix (ECM) through integrins is among the essential processes that govern its fate. Upon activation and ligation, integrins form multi-protein intracellular structures called integrin adhesion complexes (IACs). In this review article, the focus is put on the biomarker potential of the ECM- and IAC-related molecules stemming from both body fluids and prostate cancer tissue. The processes that they are involved in, such as tumor stiffening, bone turnover, and communication via exosomes, and their biomarker potential are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Samaržija
- Laboratory for Epigenomics, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Li D, Ju F, Wang H, Fan C, Jacob JC, Gul S, Zaliani A, Wartmann T, Polidori MC, Bruns CJ, Zhao Y. Combination of the biomarkers for aging and cancer? - Challenges and current status. Transl Oncol 2023; 38:101783. [PMID: 37716258 PMCID: PMC10514562 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The proportion of patients diagnosed with cancer has been shown to rise with the increasing aging global population. Advanced age is a major risk factor for morbidity and mortality in older adults. As individuals experience varying health statuses, particularly with age, it poses a challenge for medical professionals in the cancer field to obtain standardized treatment outcomes. Hence, relying solely on chronological age and disease-related parameters is inadequate for clinical decision-making for elderly patients. With functional, multimorbidity-related, and psychosocial changes that occur with aging, oncologic diseases may develop and be treated differently from younger patients, leading to unique challenges in treatment efficacy and tolerance. To overcome this challenge, personalized therapy using biomarkers has emerged as a promising solution. Various categories of biomarkers, including inflammatory, hematological, metabolic, endocrine, and DNA modification-related indicators, may display features related to both cancer and aging, aiding in the development of innovative therapeutic approaches for patients with cancer in old age. Furthermore, physical functional measurements as non-molecular phenotypic biomarkers are being investigated for their potential complementary role in structured multidomain strategies to combat age-related diseases such as cancer. This review provides insight into the current developments, recent discoveries, and significant challenges in cancer and aging biomarkers, with a specific focus on their application in advanced age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dai Li
- Department of General, Visceral, Tumor and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Department of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Ju
- Department of General, Visceral, Tumor and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunfu Fan
- Medical faculty, University of Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Sheraz Gul
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Schnackenburgallee 114, d-22525 Hamburg, Germany; Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Immune-Mediated Diseases CIMD, Hamburg Site, Schnackenburgallee 114, d-22525 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Zaliani
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Schnackenburgallee 114, d-22525 Hamburg, Germany; Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Immune-Mediated Diseases CIMD, Hamburg Site, Schnackenburgallee 114, d-22525 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Wartmann
- Department of General, Visceral und Vascular Surgery, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, Magdeburg, 39120, Germany
| | - Maria Cristina Polidori
- Ageing Clinical Research, Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress-Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne Germany
| | - Christiane J Bruns
- Department of General, Visceral, Tumor and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Aachen, Bonn, Cologne and Düsseldorf, Cologne, Germany
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of General, Visceral, Tumor and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany.
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Zhang B, Hong CQ, Lin YW, Luo Y, Ding TY, Xu YW, Peng YH, Wu FC. Association between IGFBP1 expression and cancer risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16470. [PMID: 37251476 PMCID: PMC10220379 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The results regarding the association between insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 (IGFBP1) expression and cancer risk were controversial. We performed a meta-analysis to provide novel evidence on relationship between IGFBP1 expression and cancer risk. Methods PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library and Web of science were searched for relevant cohort and case-control studies exploring the relationship between IGFBP1 expression and cancer risk. Odds ratios (ORs) were pooled in this meta-analysis using random model. Subgroup analyses were performed based on ethnicity, tumor types, publication year, study type, Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) score and sex. Results A total of 27 studies including 16 cohort and 11 case-control studies were identified by literature search. No significant association was found between IGFBP1 expression and risk of various cancers [0.90, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.79, 1.03]. The overall results showed that the pooled ORs were 0.71 (95% CI: 0.57, 0.88] for prostate cancer risk and 0.66 (95%CI: 0.44, 0.99) for colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. However, there is no significant association between IGFBP1 expression and risk for ovarian cancer (1.70, 95%CI: 0.41, 6.99), breast cancer (1.02, 95%CI: 0.85, 1.23), endometrial cancer (1.19, 95%CI: 0.64, 2.21), colorectal adenoma (0.93; 95%CI: 0.81, 1.07), lung cancer (0.81, 95%CI: 0.39, 1.68) or multiple myeloma (1.20, 95%CI: 0.98, 1.47). Conclusion In this study, compared with individuals at low IGFBP1 expression adjusted for age, smoking status, alcohol intake and so on, risk of the prostate cancer and CRC were decreased among individuals of high IGFBP1 expression. There needs further study to confirm this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou China
| | - Chao-Qun Hong
- Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Control Research Center, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College Shantou China
| | - Yi-Wei Lin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Control Research Center, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College Shantou China
| | - Yun Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Control Research Center, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College Shantou China
| | - Tian-Yan Ding
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Control Research Center, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College Shantou China
| | - Yi-Wei Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Control Research Center, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College Shantou China
| | - Yu-Hui Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Control Research Center, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College Shantou China
| | - Fang-Cai Wu
- Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Control Research Center, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College Shantou China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
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Liu Y, Shen S, Yan Z, Yan L, Ding H, Wang A, Xu Q, Sun L, Yuan Y. Expression characteristics and their functional role of IGFBP gene family in pan-cancer. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:371. [PMID: 37088808 PMCID: PMC10124011 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10832-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) are critical regulators of the biological activities of insulin-like growth factors. The IGFBP family plays diverse roles in different types of cancer, which we still lack comprehensive and pleiotropic understandings so far. METHODS Multi-source and multi-dimensional data, extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Oncomine, Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE), and the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) was used for bioinformatics analysis by R language. Immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR were performed to validate the results of the database analysis results. Bibliometrics and literature review were used for summarizing the research progress of IGFBPs in the field of tumor. RESULTS The members of IGFBP gene family are differentially expressed in various cancer types. IGFBPs expression can affect prognosis of different cancers. The expression of IGFBPs expression is associated with multiple signal transduction pathways. The expression of IGFBPs is significantly correlated with tumor mutational burden, microsatellite instability, tumor stemness and tumor immune microenvironment. The qRT-PCR experiments verified the lower expression of IGFBP2 and IGFBP6 in gastric cancer and the lower expression of IGFBP6 in colorectal cancer. Immunohistochemistry validated a marked downregulation of IGFBP2 protein in gastric cancer tissues. The keywords co-occurrence analysis of IGFBP related publications in cancer showed relative research have been more concentrating on the potential of IGFBPs as tumor diagnostic and prognostic markers and developing cancer therapies. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide frontier trend of IGFBPs related research and new clues for identifying novel therapeutic targets for various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingnan Liu
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Education Department, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
- Key Laboratory of GI Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Shixuan Shen
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Education Department, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
- Key Laboratory of GI Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Ziwei Yan
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Education Department, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
- Key Laboratory of GI Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Lirong Yan
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Education Department, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
- Key Laboratory of GI Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Hanxi Ding
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Education Department, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
- Key Laboratory of GI Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Ang Wang
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Education Department, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
- Key Laboratory of GI Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Education Department, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China.
- Key Laboratory of GI Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China.
| | - Liping Sun
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Education Department, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China.
- Key Laboratory of GI Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China.
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Education Department, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China.
- Key Laboratory of GI Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China.
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Emerging Role of IGF-1 in Prostate Cancer: A Promising Biomarker and Therapeutic Target. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041287. [PMID: 36831629 PMCID: PMC9954466 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a highly heterogeneous disease driven by gene alterations and microenvironmental influences. Not only enhanced serum IGF-1 but also the activation of IGF-1R and its downstream signaling components has been increasingly recognized to have a vital driving role in the development of PCa. A better understanding of IGF-1/IGF-1R activity and regulation has therefore emerged as an important subject of PCa research. IGF-1/IGF-1R signaling affects diverse biological processes in cancer cells, including promoting survival and renewal, inducing migration and spread, and promoting resistance to radiation and castration. Consequently, inhibitory reagents targeting IGF-1/IGF-1R have been developed to limit cancer development. Multiple agents targeting IGF-1/IGF-1R signaling have shown effects against tumor growth in tumor xenograft models, but further verification of their effectiveness in PCa patients in clinical trials is still needed. Combining androgen deprivation therapy or cytotoxic chemotherapeutics with IGF-1R antagonists based on reliable predictive biomarkers and developing and applying novel agents may provide more desirable outcomes. This review will summarize the contribution of IGF-1 signaling to the development of PCa and highlight the relevance of this signaling axis in potential strategies for cancer therapy.
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Associations between Body Mass Index and Prostate Cancer: The Impact on Progression-Free Survival. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:medicina59020289. [PMID: 36837490 PMCID: PMC9967817 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59020289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background and objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of body mass index on PCa outcomes in our institution and also to find if there are statistically significant differences between the variables. Materials and Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed to extract information about all male patients with prostate cancer between 1 February 2015, and 25 October 2022, and with information about age, weight, height, follow-up, and PSA. We identified a group of 728 patients, of which a total of 219 patients resulted after the inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival, which was defined as the length of time that the patient lives with the disease, but no relapses occur, and this group included 105 patients. In this case, 114 patients had a biological, local or metastatic relapse and were included in the progression group. Results: Our study suggests that prostate cancer incidence rises with age (72 ± 7.81 years) in men with a normal BMI, but the diagnostic age tends to drop in those with higher BMIs, i.e., overweight, and obese in the age range of 69.47 ± 6.31 years, respectively, 69.1 ± 7.51 years. A statistically significant difference was observed in the progression group of de novo metastases versus the absent metastases group at diagnostic (p = 0.04). The progression group with metastases present (n = 70) at diagnostic had a shorter time to progression, compared to the absent metastases group (n = 44), 18.04 ± 11.37 months, respectively, 23.95 ± 16.39 months. Also, PSA levels tend to diminish with increasing BMI classification, but no statistically significant difference was observed. Conclusions: The median diagnostic age decreases with increasing BMI category. Overweight and obese patients are more likely to have an advanced or metastatic prostate cancer at diagnosis. The progression group with metastatic disease at diagnostic had a shorter time to progression, compared to the absent metastases group. Regarding prostate serum antigen, the levels tend to become lower in the higher BMI groups, possibly leading to a late diagnosis.
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Sufianova G, Gareev I, Beylerli O, Wu J, Shumadalova A, Sufianov A, Chen X, Zhao S. Modern aspects of the use of natural polyphenols in tumor prevention and therapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1011435. [PMID: 36172282 PMCID: PMC9512088 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1011435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are secondary plant metabolites or organic compounds synthesized by them. In other words, these are molecules that are found in plants. Due to the wide variety of polyphenols and the plants in which they are found, these compounds are divided according to the source of origin, the function of the polyphenols, and their chemical structure; where the main ones are flavonoids. All the beneficial properties of polyphenols have not yet been studied, since this group of substances is very extensive and diverse. However, most polyphenols are known to be powerful antioxidants and have anti-inflammatory effects. Polyphenols help fight cell damage caused by free radicals and immune system components. In particular, polyphenols are credited with a preventive effect that helps protect the body from certain forms of cancer. The onset and progression of tumors may be related directly to oxidative stress, or inflammation. These processes can increase the amount of DNA damage and lead to loss of control over cell division. A number of studies have shown that oxidative stress uncontrolled by antioxidants or an uncontrolled and prolonged inflammatory process increases the risk of developing sarcoma, melanoma, and breast, lung, liver, and prostate cancer. Therefore, a more in-depth study of the effect of polyphenolic compounds on certain signaling pathways that determine the complex cascade of oncogenesis is a promising direction in the search for new methods for the prevention and treatment of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina Sufianova
- Department of Pharmacology, Tyumen State Medical University, Tyumen, Russia
| | - Ilgiz Gareev
- Educational and Scientific Institute of Neurosurgery, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Ozal Beylerli
- Educational and Scientific Institute of Neurosurgery, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Jianing Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Alina Shumadalova
- Department of General Chemistry, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russia
| | - Albert Sufianov
- Educational and Scientific Institute of Neurosurgery, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
- *Correspondence: Albert Sufianov, ; Xin Chen, ; Shiguang Zhao,
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Albert Sufianov, ; Xin Chen, ; Shiguang Zhao,
| | - Shiguang Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Neurosurgical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Albert Sufianov, ; Xin Chen, ; Shiguang Zhao,
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Chau CH, Till C, Price DK, Goodman PJ, Neuhouser ML, Pollak MN, Thompson IM, Figg WD. Serum markers, obesity and prostate cancer risk: results from the prostate cancer prevention trial. Endocr Relat Cancer 2022; 29:99-109. [PMID: 34889205 PMCID: PMC8776589 DOI: 10.1530/erc-21-0107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Molecular mechanisms linking obesity to prostate cancer involve steroid hormone and insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) pathways. We investigated the association of circulating serum markers (e.g. androgens and IGFs/IGFBPs) with BMI and in modifying the association of obesity with prostate cancer risk. Data and specimens for this nested case-control study are from the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial, a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of finasteride for prostate cancer prevention. Presence or absence of cancer was determined by prostate biopsy. Serum samples were assayed for sex steroid hormone concentrations and IGF1 axis analytes. Logistic regression estimated odds ratio and 95% CIs for risk of overall, low-grade (Gleason 2-6), and high-grade (Gleason 7-10) cancers. We found significant associations between BMI with serum steroids and IGFs/IGFBPs; the IGF1 axis was significantly associated with several serum steroids. Serum steroid levels did not affect the association of BMI with prostate cancer risk; however, IGFBP2 and IGFs modified the association of obesity with low- and high-grade disease. While serum steroids and IGFs/IGFBPs are associated with BMI, only the IGF1 axis contributed to obesity-related prostate cancer risk. Understanding the biological mechanisms linking obesity to prostate cancer risk as it relates to circulating serum markers will aid in developing effective prostate cancer prevention strategies and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy H. Chau
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Cathee Till
- SWOG Statistical Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Douglas K. Price
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Phyllis J. Goodman
- SWOG Statistical Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Marian L. Neuhouser
- Cancer Prevention Program, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Ian M. Thompson
- CHRISTUS Santa Rosa Hospital Medical Center, San Antonio, TX
| | - William D. Figg
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
- Corresponding author: William D. Figg, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bldg. 10/Room 5A01, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA, Tel: +1-240-760-6179/Fax: +1-240-858-3020,
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Key genes affecting the progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma identified by RNA-sequencing and bioinformatic analysis. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:22176-22187. [PMID: 34544905 PMCID: PMC8507278 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background: The present work was conducted to screen the potential biomarkers affecting nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) progression through RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq), bioinformatic analysis and functional experiments. Materials and Methods: Six normal samples and five NPC clinical samples were collected for RNA-seq analysis. The expression levels in both groups were determined through student’s t-test. We identified genes of P < 0.01 as the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). In addition, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was conducted. Afterwards, STRING V10 database was employed to extract protein interactions among the DEGs. Later, we established a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and used the Cytoscape software for network visualization. qRT-PCR was conducted to verify hub genes from clinical samples. Then, the function of CXCL10 in cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and migration was evaluated. Results: A total of 2024 DEGs were identified, among which, 1449 were down-regulated and 575 were up-regulated. The PPI was constructed, and the hub genes including Insulin Like Growth Factor 1 (IGF1), C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 10 (CXCL10), Interleukin 13 (IL13), Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 (ICAM1), G Protein Subunit Gamma Transducin 1 (GNGT1), Matrix Metallopeptidase 1 (MMP1), Neurexin 1 (NRXN1) and Matrix Metallopeptidase 3 (MMP3) were obtained. The expression levels of CXCL10, IGF1, MMP3, MMP1, ICAM1, and IL-13 were significantly up-regulated in tumor tissues. High expression levels of CXCL10, MMP3 and ICAM1 predicted poor prognosis of NPC patients. CXCL10 silencing suppressed NPC cell proliferation and migration. Conclusions: CXCL10 may serve as a potential key gene affecting NPC genesis and progression.
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11
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Sattayapiwat O, Wan P, Hernandez BY, Le Marchand L, Wilkens L, Haiman CA. Association of Anthropometric Measures With the Risk of Prostate Cancer in the Multiethnic Cohort. Am J Epidemiol 2021; 190:1770-1783. [PMID: 33751036 PMCID: PMC8675395 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwab054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In studies of anthropometric measures and prostate cancer risk, conducted primarily in White men, positive associations with advanced disease have been reported. We assessed body size in relation to incident prostate cancer risk in 79,950 men from the Multiethnic Cohort, with 8,819 cases identified over 22 years (1993-2015). Height was associated with increased risk of advanced prostate cancer (≥68 inches (≥ 173 cm) vs. < 66 inches (168 cm); hazard ratio (HR) = 1.24, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.04, 1.48) and high-grade disease (HR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.31). Compared with men of normal weight, men overweight at baseline were at higher risk of high-grade cancer (HR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.26). Greater weight was positively associated with localized and low-grade disease in Blacks and Native Hawaiians (by race, P for heterogeneity = 0.0002 and 0.008, respectively). Weight change since age 21 years was positively associated with high-grade disease (for ≥ 40 pounds (18 kg) vs. 10 pounds (4.5 kg), HR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.37; P for trend = 0.005). Comparing highest versus lowest quartile, waist-to-hip ratio was associated with a 1.78-fold increase (95% CI: 1.28, 2.46) in the risk of advanced prostate cancer. Positive associations with the majority of anthropometric measures were observed in all 5 racial/ethnic groups, suggesting a general impact of anthropometric measures on risk across populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Christopher A Haiman
- Correspondence to Dr. Christopher A. Haiman, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Harlyne Norris Research Tower, 1450 Biggy Street, Room 1504A, Mail Code LG591 MC9601, Los Angeles, CA 90033 (e-mail: )
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12
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Lin YW, Weng XF, Huang BL, Guo HP, Xu YW, Peng YH. IGFBP-1 in cancer: expression, molecular mechanisms, and potential clinical implications. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:813-832. [PMID: 33841624 PMCID: PMC8014352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) belongs to the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system, which plays an indispensable role in normal growth and development, and in the pathophysiology of various tumors. IGFBP-1 has been shown to be associated with the risk of various tumors, and has a vital function in regulating tumor behaviors such as proliferation, migration, invasion and adhesion through different molecular mechanisms. The biological actions of IGFBP-1 in cancer are found to be related to its phosphorylation state, and the IGF-dependent and -independent mechanisms. In this review, we provided an overview of IGFBP-1 in normal physiology, and its aberrantly expression and the underlying molecular mechanisms in a range of common tumors, as well as discussed the potential clinical implications of IGFBP-1 as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wei Lin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Precision Medicine Research Center, Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue-Fen Weng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Precision Medicine Research Center, Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin-Liang Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Precision Medicine Research Center, Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hai-Peng Guo
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou 515041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi-Wei Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Precision Medicine Research Center, Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu-Hui Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Precision Medicine Research Center, Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
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13
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Ollewagen T, Myburgh KH, van de Vyver M, Smith C. Rheumatoid cachexia: the underappreciated role of myoblast, macrophage and fibroblast interplay in the skeletal muscle niche. J Biomed Sci 2021; 28:15. [PMID: 33658022 PMCID: PMC7931607 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-021-00714-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Although rheumatoid arthritis affects 1% of the global population, the role of rheumatoid cachexia, which occurs in up to a third of patients, is relatively neglected as research focus, despite its significant contribution to decreased quality of life in patients. A better understanding of the cellular and molecular processes involved in rheumatoid cachexia, as well as its potential treatment, is dependent on elucidation of the intricate interactions of the cells involved, such as myoblasts, fibroblasts and macrophages. Persistent RA-associated inflammation results in a relative depletion of the capacity for regeneration and repair in the satellite cell niche. The repair that does proceed is suboptimal due to dysregulated communication from the other cellular role players in this multi-cellular environment. This includes the incomplete switch in macrophage phenotype resulting in a lingering pro-inflammatory state within the tissues, as well as fibroblast-associated dysregulation of the dynamic control of the extracellular matrix. Additional to this endogenous dysregulation, some treatment strategies for RA may exacerbate muscle wasting and no multi-cell investigation has been done in this context. This review summarizes the most recent literature characterising clinical RA cachexia and links these features to the roles of and complex communication between multiple cellular contributors in the muscle niche, highlighting the importance of a targeted approach to therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ollewagen
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Science Faculty, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - K H Myburgh
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Science Faculty, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - M van de Vyver
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Parow, South Africa
| | - C Smith
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Parow, South Africa.
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14
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Fu BC, Tabung FK, Pernar CH, Wang W, Gonzalez-Feliciano AG, Chowdhury-Paulino IM, Clinton SK, Folefac E, Song M, Kibel AS, Giovannucci EL, Mucci LA. Insulinemic and Inflammatory Dietary Patterns and Risk of Prostate Cancer. Eur Urol 2021; 79:405-412. [PMID: 33422354 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2020.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperinsulinemia and inflammation are inter-related pathways that link diet with the risk of several chronic diseases. Evidence suggests that these pathways may also increase prostate cancer risk. OBJECTIVE To determine whether hyperinsulinemic diet and inflammatory diet are associated with prostate cancer incidence and mortality. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS We prospectively followed 41 209 men in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1986-2014). Scores for two validated dietary patterns were calculated from food frequency questionnaires at baseline and updated every 4 yr. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Total, advanced, and lethal prostate cancer outcomes were assessed. Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were determined for associations between two empirical hypothesis-oriented dietary patterns-empirical dietary index for hyperinsulinemia and empirical dietary inflammatory pattern-and prostate cancer risk estimated using Cox proportional hazard regression. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS During 28 yr of follow-up, 5929 incident cases of total prostate cancer, including 1019 advanced and 667 fatal, were documented. In multivariable-adjusted models, there was a 7% higher risk of advanced prostate cancer (HR: 1.07; 95% CI: 1.01-1.15) and a 9% higher risk of fatal prostate cancer (HR: 1.09; 95% CI: 1.00-1.18) per standard deviation (SD) increase in the hyperinsulinemic diet. When stratified by age, the hyperinsulinemic diet was associated with only earlier-onset aggressive prostate cancer (men under 65 yr), with per SD HRs of 1.20 (95% CI: 1.06-1.35) for advanced, 1.22 (1.04-1.42) for fatal, and 1.20 (1.04-1.38) for lethal. The inflammatory diet was not associated with prostate cancer risk in the overall study population, but was associated with earlier-onset lethal prostate cancer (per SD increase HR: 1.16; 95% CI: 1.00-1.35). CONCLUSIONS Hyperinsulinemia and inflammation may be potential mechanisms linking dietary patterns with the risk of aggressive prostate cancer, particularly earlier-onset disease. PATIENT SUMMARY Avoiding inflammatory and hyperinsulinemic dietary patterns may be beneficial for the prevention of clinically relevant prostate cancer, especially among younger men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin C Fu
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Fred K Tabung
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center-Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Claire H Pernar
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Weike Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Steven K Clinton
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center-Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Edmund Folefac
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center-Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mingyang Song
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adam S Kibel
- Division of Urology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edward L Giovannucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lorelei A Mucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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15
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Endurance Exercise Mitigates Immunometabolic Adipose Tissue Disturbances in Cancer and Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249745. [PMID: 33371214 PMCID: PMC7767095 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is considered an endocrine organ whose complex biology can be explained by the diversity of cell types that compose this tissue. The immune cells found in the stromal portion of adipose tissue play an important role on the modulation of inflammation by adipocytokines secretion. The interactions between metabolic active tissues and immune cells, called immunometabolism, is an important field for discovering new pathways and approaches to treat immunometabolic diseases, such as obesity and cancer. Moreover, physical exercise is widely known as a tool for prevention and adjuvant treatment on metabolic diseases. More specifically, aerobic exercise training is able to increase the energy expenditure, reduce the nutrition overload and modify the profile of adipocytokines and myokines with paracrine and endocrine effects. Therefore, our aim in this review was to cover the effects of aerobic exercise training on the immunometabolism of adipose tissue in obesity and cancer, focusing on the exercise-related modification on adipose tissue or immune cells isolated as well as their interaction.
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16
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Growth Hormone Upregulates Mediators of Melanoma Drug Efflux and Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition In Vitro and In Vivo. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12123640. [PMID: 33291663 PMCID: PMC7761932 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Growth hormone (GH) action is strongly implicated in the progression and therapy resistance in several types of solid tumors which overexpress the GH receptor (GHR). The aim of our study was to characterize the effects of GH and its downstream effector insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) on melanoma using in vitro and in vivo models. We confirmed an IGF-1-independent role of elevated circulating GH in upregulating key mechanisms of therapy resistance and malignancy with analyses conducted at the molecular and cellular level. We identified that GH upregulates key mechanisms of therapy resistance and metastases in melanoma tumors in an IGF-1 dependent and independent manner by upregulating multidrug efflux pumps and EMT transcription factors. Our study reveals that GH action renders an intrinsic drug resistance phenotype to the melanoma tumors—a clinically crucial property of GH verifiable in other human cancers with GHR expression. Abstract Growth hormone (GH) and the GH receptor (GHR) are expressed in a wide range of malignant tumors including melanoma. However, the effect of GH/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) on melanoma in vivo has not yet been elucidated. Here we assessed the physical and molecular effects of GH on mouse melanoma B16-F10 and human melanoma SK-MEL-30 cells in vitro. We then corroborated these observations with syngeneic B16-F10 tumors in two mouse lines with different levels of GH/IGF: bovine GH transgenic mice (bGH; high GH, high IGF-1) and GHR gene-disrupted or knockout mice (GHRKO; high GH, low IGF-1). In vitro, GH treatment enhanced mouse and human melanoma cell growth, drug retention and cell invasion. While the in vivo tumor size was unaffected in both bGH and GHRKO mouse lines, multiple drug-efflux pumps were up regulated. This intrinsic capacity of therapy resistance appears to be GH dependent. Additionally, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) gene transcription markers were significantly upregulated in vivo supporting our current and recent in vitro observations. These syngeneic mouse melanoma models of differential GH/IGF action can be valuable tools in screening for therapeutic options where lowering GH/IGF-1 action is important.
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17
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Lavalette C, Cordina Duverger E, Artaud F, Rébillard X, Lamy P, Trétarre B, Cénée S, Menegaux F. Body mass index trajectories and prostate cancer risk: Results from the EPICAP study. Cancer Med 2020; 9:6421-6429. [PMID: 32639678 PMCID: PMC7476828 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated body mass index (BMI) has been inconsistently associated with prostate cancer occurrence but it has been suggested that life course adulthood obesity may be associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer. However, few studies have investigated lifetime BMI and prostate cancer risk. We analyzed life course BMI trajectories on prostate cancer risk based on data from the Epidemiological study of Prostate Cancer (EPICAP). We included in our analyses 781 incident prostate cancer cases and 829 controls frequency matched by age. Participants were asked about their weight every decade from age 20 to two years before reference date. BMI trajectories were determined using group-based trajectory modeling to identify groups of men with similar patterns of BMI changes. We identified five BMI trajectories groups. Men with a normal BMI at age 20 developing overweight or obesity during adulthood were at increased risk of aggressive prostate cancer compared to men who maintained a normal BMI. Our results suggest that BMI trajectories resulting in overweight or obesity during adulthood are associated with an increased risk of aggressive prostate cancer, particularly in never smokers, emphasizing the importance of maintaining a healthy BMI throughout adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fanny Artaud
- Université Paris‐SaclayUVSQInsermCESPVillejuifFrance
| | | | - Pierre‐Jean Lamy
- Service UrologieClinique Beau SoleilMontpellierFrance
- LabosudInstitut médical d’Analyse Génomique‐ImagenomeMontpellierFrance
| | | | - Sylvie Cénée
- Université Paris‐SaclayUVSQInsermCESPVillejuifFrance
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18
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Mansor R, Holly J, Barker R, Biernacka K, Zielinska H, Koupparis A, Rowe E, Oxley J, Sewell A, Martin RM, Lane A, Hackshaw-McGeagh L, Perks C. IGF-1 and hyperglycaemia-induced FOXA1 and IGFBP-2 affect epithelial to mesenchymal transition in prostate epithelial cells. Oncotarget 2020; 11:2543-2559. [PMID: 32655839 PMCID: PMC7335671 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Localized prostate cancer (PCa) is a manageable disease but for most men with metastatic disease, it is often fatal. A western diet has been linked with PCa progression and hyperglycaemia has been associated with the risk of lethal and fatal prostate cancer. Using PCa cell lines, we examined the impact of IGF-I and glucose on markers of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), migration and invasion. We examined the underlying mechanisms using cell lines and tumour tissue samples. IGF-I had differential effects on the process of EMT: inhibiting in normal and promoting in cancer cells, whereas hyperglycamia alone had a stimulatory effect in both. These effects were independent of IGF and in both cases, hyperglycaemia induced an increase IGFBP-2(tumour promoter) and FOXA1. A positive correlation existed between levels of IGFBP-2 and FOXA1 in benign and cancerous prostate tissue samples and in vitro and in vivo data indicated that FOXA1 strongly interacted with the IGFBP-2 gene in normal prostate epithelial cells that was associated with a negative regulation of IGFBP-2, whereas in cancer cells the level of FOXA1 associating with the IGFBP-2 gene was minimal, suggesting loss of this negative regulation. IGF-I and hyperglycaemia-induced FOXA1/IGFBP-2 play important roles in EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehanna Mansor
- IGFs and Metabolic Endocrinology Group, Bristol Medical School, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK
- Faculty of Medicine, Royal College of Medicine Perak, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh, MY
| | - Jeff Holly
- IGFs and Metabolic Endocrinology Group, Bristol Medical School, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK
| | - Rachel Barker
- IGFs and Metabolic Endocrinology Group, Bristol Medical School, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK
| | - Kalina Biernacka
- IGFs and Metabolic Endocrinology Group, Bristol Medical School, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK
| | - Hanna Zielinska
- IGFs and Metabolic Endocrinology Group, Bristol Medical School, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK
| | - Anthony Koupparis
- Department of Urology, Bristol Urological Institute, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK
| | - Edward Rowe
- Department of Urology, Bristol Urological Institute, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK
| | - Jon Oxley
- Department of Cellular Pathology, North Bristol NHS Trust, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK
| | - Alex Sewell
- Department of Cellular Pathology, North Bristol NHS Trust, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK
| | - Richard M. Martin
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Level 3, University Hospitals Bristol Education Centre, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Athene Lane
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Level 3, University Hospitals Bristol Education Centre, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Lucy Hackshaw-McGeagh
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Level 3, University Hospitals Bristol Education Centre, Bristol, UK
| | - Claire Perks
- IGFs and Metabolic Endocrinology Group, Bristol Medical School, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK
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Abstract
The insulin-like growth factors (IGFs; IGF1/IGF2), known for their regulation of cell and organismal growth and development, are evolutionarily conserved ligands with equivalent peptides present in flies (
D. melanogaster), worms (
C. elegans) among others. Two receptor tyrosine kinases, the IGF1 receptor and the insulin receptor mediate the actions of these ligands with a family of IGF binding proteins serving as selective inhibitors of IGF1/2. This treatise reviews recent findings on IGF signaling in cancer biology and central nervous system function. This includes overexpression of IGF1 receptors in enhancing tumorigenesis, acquired resistance and contributions to metastasis in multiple cancer types. There is accumulating evidence that insulin resistance, a hallmark of type 2 diabetes, occurs in the central nervous system, independent of systemic insulin resistance and characterized by reduced insulin and IGF1 receptor signaling, and may contribute to dementias including Alzheimer’s Disease and cognitive impairment. Controversy over the role(s) of IGF signaling in cancer and whether its inhibition would be of benefit, still persist and extend to IGF1’s role in longevity and central nervous system function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven A Rosenzweig
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
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20
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Wang J, Hu ZG, Li D, Xu JX, Zeng ZG. Gene expression and prognosis of insulin‑like growth factor‑binding protein family members in non‑small cell lung cancer. Oncol Rep 2019; 42:1981-1995. [PMID: 31545451 PMCID: PMC6787967 DOI: 10.3892/or.2019.7314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Approximately 85% of all lung cancer cases are classified as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Currently, there is no standard method to predict the survival of patients with NSCLC. Insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins (IGFBPs) function as modulators of IGF signaling and are attracting increasing attention for their role in NSCLC. However, the prognostic values of individual IGFBPs in NSCLC, particularly at the mRNA level, remain unknown. In the present study, the distinct expression patterns and prognostic values of IGFBP family members in patients with NSCLC through bioinformatics analysis were reported using a series of databases, including Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis, Kaplan-Meier Plotter, cBioPortal, GeneMANIA, and the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery. In patients with NSCLC, IGFBP2 and IGFBP3 were significantly upregulated, while IGFBP6 was downregulated. High IGFBP1/2/4 expression was correlated with poor overall survival (OS) in all NSCLC types, especially adenocarcinoma; however, high IGFBP2/5 expression was significantly correlated with favorable OS only in patients with squamous cell carcinoma. In addition, aberrant IGFBP1/2/3/4/5 mRNA levels were associated with the prognosis of subsets of NSCLC with different clinicopathological features. These results indicated that various IGFBPs can serve as useful prognostic biomarkers and as potential targets for NSCLC therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Guo Hu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010017, P.R. China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Ji-Xion Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Zhen-Guo Zeng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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21
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Rahmani J, Kord Varkaneh H, Clark C, Zand H, Bawadi H, Ryan PM, Fatahi S, Zhang Y. The influence of fasting and energy restricting diets on IGF-1 levels in humans: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ageing Res Rev 2019; 53:100910. [PMID: 31116995 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2019.100910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fasting and energy restricting diets have a potential means of delaying or preventing the onset of a range of age-related metabolic and neoplastic diseases. Consistently at the centre of this effect appears to be a significant reduction in circulating IGF-1 levels. The aim of the current systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the influence of fasting and energy restriction on IGF-1 levels in human subjects. METHODS A comprehensive systematic search was conducted from onset of the database to February 2019 in Embase, MEDLINE/PubMed, and SCOPUS to identify randomized clinical trials that investigating the impact of fasting or energy restriction circulating IGF-1 levels. Effect size was reported as weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using a random-effects models. Subgroup analysis was performed to identify the probable source of heterogeneity among trials. RESULTS Total pooling of fasting and energy restriction randomised controlled trials in WMD analysis revealed no significant effect on circulating IGF-1 levels (WMD: -16.41 ng/ml, 95% CI: -35.88, 3.07). Sub grouped analysis fasting regimens appeared to substantially reduce IGF-1 (WMD: -28.87 ng/ml, 95% CI: -43.69, -14.05, I2 = 00%), energy restricting regimens failed to do the same (WMD: -10.98 ng/ml, 95% CI: -33.08, 11.11, I2 = 90%). Within this final subgrouping, it was observed that only energy restriction regimens of 50% or greater of normal daily energy intake were capable of significantly reducing IGF-1 levels (WMD: -36.57 ng/ml, 95% CI: -59.19, -13.95, I2 = 00%). Finally, a meta regression were noted in which the percentage restriction of daily energy intake inversely correlated with plasma IGF-1 levels (p = 0.04). CONCLUSION This study uncovered that fasting significantly reduced levels of IGF-1, while energy restriction diets were successful only when intake was reduced by 50% or more.
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22
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Wu L, Shu X, Bao J, Guo X, Kote-Jarai Z, Haiman CA, Eeles RA, Zheng W. Analysis of Over 140,000 European Descendants Identifies Genetically Predicted Blood Protein Biomarkers Associated with Prostate Cancer Risk. Cancer Res 2019; 79:4592-4598. [PMID: 31337649 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-3997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Several blood protein biomarkers have been associated with prostate cancer risk. However, most studies assessed only a small number of biomarkers and/or included a small sample size. To identify novel protein biomarkers of prostate cancer risk, we studied 79,194 cases and 61,112 controls of European ancestry, included in the PRACTICAL/ELLIPSE consortia, using genetic instruments of protein quantitative trait loci for 1,478 plasma proteins. A total of 31 proteins were associated with prostate cancer risk including proteins encoded by GSTP1, whose methylation level was shown previously to be associated with prostate cancer risk, and MSMB, SPINT2, IGF2R, and CTSS, which were previously implicated as potential target genes of prostate cancer risk variants identified in genome-wide association studies. A total of 18 proteins inversely correlated and 13 positively correlated with prostate cancer risk. For 28 of the identified proteins, gene somatic changes of short indels, splice site, nonsense, or missense mutations were detected in patients with prostate cancer in The Cancer Genome Atlas. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that relevant genes were significantly enriched in cancer-related pathways. In conclusion, this study identifies 31 candidates of protein biomarkers for prostate cancer risk and provides new insights into the biology and genetics of prostate tumorigenesis. SIGNIFICANCE: Integration of genomics and proteomics data identifies biomarkers associated with prostate cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang Wu
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Population Sciences in the Pacific Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii.,Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Xiang Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Jiandong Bao
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | | | - Zsofia Kote-Jarai
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher A Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Rosalind A Eeles
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
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23
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Circulating IGF-1 promotes prostate adenocarcinoma via FOXO3A/BIM signaling in a double-transgenic mouse model. Oncogene 2019; 38:6338-6353. [DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0880-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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24
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Ahearn TU, Peisch S, Pettersson A, Ebot EM, Zhou CK, Graff RE, Sinnott JA, Fazli L, Judson GL, Bismar TA, Rider JR, Gerke T, Chan JM, Fiorentino M, Flavin R, Sesso HD, Finn S, Giovannucci EL, Gleave M, Loda M, Li Z, Pollak M, Mucci LA. Expression of IGF/insulin receptor in prostate cancer tissue and progression to lethal disease. Carcinogenesis 2018; 39:1431-1437. [PMID: 30165429 PMCID: PMC6314328 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgy112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is consistently associated with prostate cancer risk. IGF-1 binds to IGF-1 receptor (IGF1R) and insulin receptor (IR), activating cancer hallmark pathways. Experimental evidence suggests that TMPRSS2:ERG may interact with IGF/insulin signaling to influence progression. We investigated IGF1R and IR expression and its association with lethal prostate cancer among 769 men. Protein expression of IGF1R, IR and ERG (i.e. a surrogate of ERG fusion genes) were assayed by immunohistochemistry. Cox models estimated hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) adjusted for clinical characteristics. Among patients, 29% had strong tumor IGF1R expression and 10% had strong IR expression. During a mean follow-up of 13.2 years through 2012, 80 men (11%) developed lethal disease. Tumors with strong IGF1R or IR expression showed increased cell proliferation, decreased apoptosis and a higher prevalence of ERG. In multivariable models, strong IGF1R was associated with a borderline increased risk of lethal prostate cancer (HR 1.7; 95% CI 0.9-3.1). The association appeared greater in ERG-positive tumors (HR 2.8; 95% CI 0.9-8.4) than in ERG-negative tumors (HR 1.3; 95% CI 0.6-3.0, p-heterogeneity 0.08). There was no association between IR and lethal prostate cancer (HR 0.8; 95% CI 0.4-1.9). These results suggest that tumor IGF1R expression may play a role in prostate cancer progression to a lethal phenotype and that ERG-positive tumors may be more sensitive to IGF signaling. These data may improve our understanding of IGF signaling in prostate cancer and suggest therapeutic options for disease subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas U Ahearn
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sam Peisch
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andreas Pettersson
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ericka M Ebot
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cindy Ke Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rebecca E Graff
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer A Sinnott
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ladan Fazli
- Vancouver Prostate Center, Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Gregory L Judson
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tarek A Bismar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary and Calgary Laboratory Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jennifer R Rider
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Travis Gerke
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - June M Chan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Richard Flavin
- Department of Histopathology Research, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Howard D Sesso
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Divisions of Preventive Medicine and Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephen Finn
- Department of Histopathology Research, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Edward L Giovannucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Martin Gleave
- Vancouver Prostate Center, Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Massimo Loda
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zhe Li
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael Pollak
- Cancer Prevention Research Unit, Departments of Medicine and Oncology, Lady Davis Research Institute of the Jewish General Hospital and McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lorelei A Mucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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25
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Abdominal obesity and prostate cancer risk: epidemiological evidence from the EPICAP study. Oncotarget 2018; 9:34485-34494. [PMID: 30349643 PMCID: PMC6195387 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with an increased risk of several cancers, but inconsistent results have been observed between body mass index (BMI) and prostate cancer (PCa) risk. However, some associations have been reported with other indicators such as waist circumference (WC) and waist-hip ratio (WHR). We investigated the role of anthropometric indicators in PCa risk based on data from the Epidemiological study of Prostate Cancer (EPICAP). EPICAP is a population-based case-control study that included 819 incident PCa in 2012–2013 and 879 controls frequency matched by age. Anthropometric indicators (weight, height, WC, and hip circumference) have been measured at interview. Logistic regression models were used to assess odds ratios (ORs) for the associations between anthropometric indicators (BMI, WC and WHR) and PCa risk. We observed a slight, but not significant increased risk of PCa for men with a WC > 94 cm (OR 1.20, 95% CI 0.92–1.56) and for men with a WHR ≥ 0.95 (OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.00–1.70 between 0.95 and 1.00, OR 1.25, 95% CI 0.96–1.61 above 1.00). Associations were more pronounced after adjustment and stratification for BMI and in men with aggressive PCa. Our results suggest that abdominal obesity may be associated with an increased risk of PCa, especially aggressive PCa.
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26
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Inactivation of Stat3 and crosstalk of miRNA155-5p and FOXO3a contribute to the induction of IGFBP1 expression by beta-elemene in human lung cancer. Exp Mol Med 2018; 50:1-14. [PMID: 30209296 PMCID: PMC6135838 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-018-0146-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
β-Elemene, an active component of natural plants, has been shown to exhibit anticancer properties. However, the detailed mechanism underlying these effects has yet to be determined. In this study, we show that β-elemene inhibits the growth of lung cancer cells. Mechanistically, we found that β-elemene decreased the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) and miRNA155-5p mRNA but induced the protein expression of human forkhead box class O (FOXO)3a; the latter two were abrogated in cells with overexpressed Stat3. Notably, miRNA155-5p mimics reduced FOXO3a luciferase reporter activity in the 3-UTR region and protein expression, whereas overexpressed FOXO3a countered the reduction of the miRNA155-5p levels by β-elemene. Moreover, β-elemene increased the mRNA and protein expression levels as well as promoter activity of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1 (IGFBP1); this finding was not observed in cells with a silenced FOXO3a gene and miRNA155-5p mimics. Finally, silencing of IGFBP1 blocked β-elemene-inhibited cell growth. Similar findings were observed in vivo. In summary, our results indicate that β-elemene increases IGFBP1 gene expression via inactivation of Stat3 followed by a reciprocal interaction between miRNA155-5p and FOXO3a. This effect leads to inhibition of human lung cancer cell growth. These findings reveal a novel molecular mechanism underlying the inhibitory effects of β-elemene on lung cancer cells. A compound found in one Chinese medicinal herb inhibits the growth of lung cancer cells by indirectly activating a protein with anti-proliferative properties. Hann and colleagues from the Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, China, uncovered the molecular pathways by which β-elemene, a natural compound isolated from the Curcuma wenyujin plant, mediates the anti-cancer effects. They showed that β-elemene inactivates the two important regulatory molecules, one protein and another small RNA, while also inducing the expression of one protein that promotes in killing cancer cells. These changes lead to elevated levels of the protein that prevents cell invasion and spread. Collectively, this altered signaling inside the lung cancer cell lead to reduced growth, in both cell-based culture and mouse model. The findings help explain why β-elemene has potential as a therapeutic agent in lung cancer.
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27
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Wenric S, Shemirani R. Using Supervised Learning Methods for Gene Selection in RNA-Seq Case-Control Studies. Front Genet 2018; 9:297. [PMID: 30123241 PMCID: PMC6085558 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Whole transcriptome studies typically yield large amounts of data, with expression values for all genes or transcripts of the genome. The search for genes of interest in a particular study setting can thus be a daunting task, usually relying on automated computational methods. Moreover, most biological questions imply that such a search should be performed in a multivariate setting, to take into account the inter-genes relationships. Differential expression analysis commonly yields large lists of genes deemed significant, even after adjustment for multiple testing, making the subsequent study possibilities extensive. Here, we explore the use of supervised learning methods to rank large ensembles of genes defined by their expression values measured with RNA-Seq in a typical 2 classes sample set. First, we use one of the variable importance measures generated by the random forests classification algorithm as a metric to rank genes. Second, we define the EPS (extreme pseudo-samples) pipeline, making use of VAEs (Variational Autoencoders) and regressors to extract a ranking of genes while leveraging the feature space of both virtual and comparable samples. We show that, on 12 cancer RNA-Seq data sets ranging from 323 to 1,210 samples, using either a random forests-based gene selection method or the EPS pipeline outperforms differential expression analysis for 9 and 8 out of the 12 datasets respectively, in terms of identifying subsets of genes associated with survival. These results demonstrate the potential of supervised learning-based gene selection methods in RNA-Seq studies and highlight the need to use such multivariate gene selection methods alongside the widely used differential expression analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephane Wenric
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, GIGA-Research, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ruhollah Shemirani
- Department of Computer Science, Information Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, United States
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28
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Kim M, Kim JW, Kim JK, Lee SM, Song C, Jeong IG, Hong JH, Kim C, Ahn H. Association between serum levels of insulin-like growth factor-1, bioavailable testosterone, and pathologic Gleason score. Cancer Med 2018; 7:4170-4180. [PMID: 29992746 PMCID: PMC6089192 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We evaluated the association between serum levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), bioavailable testosterone, and surgical Gleason score (GS). METHODS We analyzed 793 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy and 272 men with negative prostate biopsy. Serum levels of IGF-1 and testosterone were measured before surgery or biopsy. RESULTS The mean IGF-1 levels of prostate cancer patients and men with a negative biopsy were 143.8 and 118.9 ng/mL, respectively (P < 0.001). Men with high serum IGF-1 were more likely to have prostate cancer (highest vs lowest quartile, odds ratio [OR] = 3.35; Ptrend < 0.001). However, among men with prostate cancer, the mean IGF-1 levels of those with low (GS ≤ 6), intermediate (GS = 7), and high surgical GS (GS ≥8) were 151.7, 144.1, and 132.9 ng/mL, respectively (P < 0.001). Using quartile analysis, high serum IGF-1 levels were shown to be associated with a low risk of high surgical GS (OR = 0.464; Ptrend = 0.006). Serum bioavailable testosterone concentration was positively correlated with serum IGF-1 level (r = 0.157, P < 0.001). High bioavailable testosterone level was also associated with a low risk of high surgical GS in patients without diabetes mellitus (OR = 0.569; Ptrend = 0.040). Among men with biopsy GS ≤ 3 + 4 (n = 460), upgrading to high surgical GS was more frequent in patients with low IGF-1 level (≤116.0 ng/mL; 9.9%) or low bioavailable testosterone level (≤0.85 ng/mL; 9.3%) than in patients with normal IGF-1 and bioavailable testosterone levels (2.6%; P = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS Serum levels of IGF-1 and bioavailable testosterone show inverse associations with high surgical GS. This suggests that high-grade prostate cancer develops independently of these two substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myong Kim
- Department of UrologyAsan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Jong Won Kim
- Department of UrologyKorea Cancer Center HospitalSeoulKorea
| | - Jong Keun Kim
- Department of UrologyAsan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Sang Mi Lee
- Department of UrologyAsan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Cheryn Song
- Department of UrologyAsan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - In Gab Jeong
- Department of UrologyAsan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Jun Hyuk Hong
- Department of UrologyAsan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Choung‐Soo Kim
- Department of UrologyAsan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Hanjong Ahn
- Department of UrologyAsan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
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29
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Chen M, Luo Y, Yang S, Xu L, Li N, Li H, Qu S. Association of diabetes mellitus with prostate cancer grade and prostate-specific antigen in Chinese biopsy population. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2018; 141:80-87. [PMID: 29684617 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2018.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the association of diabetes mellitus with prostate cancer (PCa) grade and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in Chinese biopsy population. METHODS We retrospectively evaluated data from 2032 patients who underwent prostate biopsies from 2010 to 2016 at our hospital. All diabetes cases were divided into sub-groups according to HbA1c (<6.5%, 6.5%-7.49% and ≥7.5%) and diabetes duration (0-5 years, 6-10 years and >10 years). RESULTS Among 2032 men, 467 (23.0%) were diabetic and 674 (33.2%) were diagnosed with PCa. Diabetes increased the overall risk of PCa (OR = 1.51, 95%CI: 1.12-2.05, P = 0.007), especially high-grade PCa (OR = 2.30, 95%CI: 1.47-3.61, P < 0.001), but was not associated with low- or intermediate-grade PCa. High-grade PCa risk was markedly increased in patients with increased diabetic duration and HbA1c. Moreover, diabetics had a 22.8% lower geometric mean PSA level than non-diabetics (6.42 vs. 8.31 ng/mL, P < 0.001) and the difference increased with diabetic duration. CONCLUSIONS Diabetes was associated with a higher risk of PCa detection, especially high-grade disease in Chinese biopsy patients. We speculate that low PSA levels in diabetics might delay and/or interfere with PCa detection, eventually leading to higher degree PCa on diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Yili Luo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Shaoling Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Lu Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
| | - Shen Qu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
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McSkane M, Stintzing S, Heinemann V, Puccini A, Naseem M, Cao S, Lenz HJ, Jelas I. Association Between Height and Clinical Outcome in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients Enrolled Onto a Randomized Phase 3 Clinical Trial: Data From the FIRE-3 Study. Clin Colorectal Cancer 2018; 17:215-222.e3. [PMID: 29880436 DOI: 10.1016/j.clcc.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have found significant relationships between height and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. Increased growth has been associated with activated pathways such as insulin-like growth factor 1. This study examined the impact of height on outcomes in metastatic CRC patients enrolled onto the FIRE-3 study, a randomized phase 3 clinical trial. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 695 patients with metastatic CRC were studied and height was measured in centimeters. Male patients were grouped as ≤ 165, 166-175, 176-185, and ≥ 186 cm in height; female patients were grouped as ≤ 154, 155-164, 165-174, and ≥ 175 cm in height. Primary end point was overall survival (OS); secondary end point was progression-free survival. RESULTS When patients' heights were categorized into 4 groups, the tallest group showed a worse OS compared to the shortest group; however, there was no linear relationship between height and OS. To investigate this, we showed the association between height as a continuous variable and OS. Patients shorter than 172 cm had a worse OS as their height decreased. Patients taller than 172 cm had a worse OS as their height increased. Moreover, patients with heights between 165 and 179 cm had a better OS compared to other patients (P = .05). This effect was independent of treatment arm and gender. CONCLUSION Patients shorter than 165 cm and taller than 179 cm have a worse OS, while those between 165 and 179 cm have a better OS. Hence, clinicians should consider height as an important prognostic factor when treating metastatic CRC patients. Future prospective studies are warranted to shed light on the mechanisms underlying the worse OS in taller patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle McSkane
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Sebastian Stintzing
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ludwig-Maximilian-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Volker Heinemann
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ludwig-Maximilian-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alberto Puccini
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Madiha Naseem
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Shu Cao
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Heinz-Josef Lenz
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; Department of Preventive Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.
| | - Ivan Jelas
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ludwig-Maximilian-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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31
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Frater J, Lie D, Bartlett P, McGrath JJ. Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) as a marker of cognitive decline in normal ageing: A review. Ageing Res Rev 2018; 42:14-27. [PMID: 29233786 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) and its signaling pathway play a primary role in normal growth and ageing, however serum IGF-1 is known to reduce with advancing age. Recent findings suggest IGF-1 is essential for neurogenesis in the adult brain, and this reduction of IGF-1 with ageing may contribute to age-related cognitive decline. Experimental studies have shown manipulation of the GH/GF-1 axis can slow rates of cognitive decline in animals, making IGF-1 a potential biomarker of cognition, and/or its signaling pathway a possible therapeutic target to prevent or slow age-related cognitive decline. A systematic literature review and qualitative narrative summary of current evidence for IGF-1 as a biomarker of cognitive decline in the ageing brain was undertaken. Results indicate IGF-1 concentrations do not confer additional diagnostic information for those with cognitive decline, and routine clinical measurement of IGF-1 is not currently justified. In cases of established cognitive impairment, it remains unclear whether increasing circulating or brain IGF-1 may reverse or slow down the rate of further decline. Advances in neuroimaging, genetics, neuroscience and the availability of large well characterized biobanks will facilitate research exploring the role of IGF-1 in both normal ageing and age-related cognitive decline.
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Yajun C, Yuan T, Zhong W, Bin X. Investigation of the molecular mechanisms underlying postoperative recurrence in prostate cancer by gene expression profiling. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:761-768. [PMID: 29399083 PMCID: PMC5772610 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to identify potential genes associated with prostate cancer (PCa) recurrence following radical prostatectomy (RP) in order to improve the prediction of the prognosis of patients with PCa. The GSE25136 microarray dataset, including 39 recurrent and 40 non-recurrent PCa samples, was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Differentially-expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using limma packages, and the pheatmap package was used to present the DEGs screened using a hierarchical cluster analysis. Furthermore, gene ontology functional enrichment analysis was used to predict the potential functions of the DEGs. Subsequently, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses were performed to analyze pathway enrichment of DEGs in the regulatory network. Lastly, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of the DEGs was constructed using Cytoscape software to understand the interactions between these DEGs. A total of 708 DEGs were identified in the recurrent and non-recurrent PCa samples. Functional annotation revealed that these DEGs were primarily involved in cell adhesion, negative regulation of growth, and the cyclic adenosine monophosphate and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. Furthermore, five key genes, including cluster of differentiation 22, insulin-like growth factor-1, inhibin β A subunit, MAPK kinase 5 and receptor tyrosine kinase like orphan receptor 1, were identified through PPI network analysis. The results of the present study have provided novel ideas for predicting the prognosis of patients with PCa following RP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Yajun
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Tang Yuan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Wang Zhong
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Xu Bin
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
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The Role of Actin Dynamics and Actin-Binding Proteins Expression in Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition and Its Association with Cancer Progression and Evaluation of Possible Therapeutic Targets. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:4578373. [PMID: 29581975 PMCID: PMC5822767 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4578373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis causes death of 90% of cancer patients, so it is the most significant issue associated with cancer disease. Thus, it is no surprise that many researchers are trying to develop drugs targeting or preventing them. The secondary tumour site formation is closely related to phenomena like epithelial-to-mesenchymal and its reverse, mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition. The change of the cells' phenotype to mesenchymal involves the acquisition of migratory potential. Cancer cells movement is possible due to the development of invasive structures like invadopodia, lamellipodia, and filopodia. These changes are dependent on the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. In turn, the polymerization and depolymerization of actin are controlled by actin-binding proteins. In many tumour cells, the actin and actin-associated proteins are accumulated in the cell nucleus, suggesting that it may also affect the progression of cancer by regulating gene expression. Once the cancer cell reaches a new habitat it again acquires epithelial features and thus proliferative activity. Targeting of epithelial-to-mesenchymal or/and mesenchymal-to-epithelial transitions through regulation of their main components expression may be a potential solution to the problem of metastasis. This work focuses on the role of these processes in tumour progression and the assessment of therapeutic potential of agents targeting them.
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McQuown B, Burgess KE, Heinze CR. Preliminary investigation of blood concentrations of insulin-like growth factor, insulin, lactate and β-hydroxybutyrate in dogs with lymphoma as compared with matched controls. Vet Comp Oncol 2017; 16:262-267. [DOI: 10.1111/vco.12376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. McQuown
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine; Tufts University; North Grafton Massachusetts
| | - K. E. Burgess
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine; Tufts University; North Grafton Massachusetts
| | - C. R. Heinze
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine; Tufts University; North Grafton Massachusetts
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Dickerman BA, Ahearn TU, Giovannucci E, Stampfer MJ, Nguyen PL, Mucci LA, Wilson KM. Weight change, obesity and risk of prostate cancer progression among men with clinically localized prostate cancer. Int J Cancer 2017; 141:933-944. [PMID: 28543830 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with an increased risk of fatal prostate cancer. We aimed to elucidate the importance and relevant timing of obesity and weight change for prostate cancer progression. We identified 5,158 men diagnosed with localized prostate cancer (clinical stage T1/T2) from 1986 to 2012 in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study. Men were followed for biochemical recurrence and lethal prostate cancer (development of distant metastasis or prostate cancer-specific mortality) until 2012. Cox regression estimated hazard ratios (HRs) for body mass index (BMI) at age 21, BMI at diagnosis, "long-term" weight change from age 21 to diagnosis and "short-term" weight change over spans of 4 and 8 years preceding diagnosis. Because weight, weight change and mortality are strongly associated with smoking, we repeated analyses among never smokers only (N = 2,559). Among all patients, neither weight change nor BMI (at age 21 or at diagnosis) was associated with lethal prostate cancer. Among never smokers, long-term weight gain was associated with an increased risk of lethal disease (HR for gaining >30 pounds vs. stable weight [±10 pounds] 1.59, 95% CI, 1.01-2.50, p-trend = 0.06). Associations between weight change, BMI and lethal prostate cancer were stronger for men with BMI ≥ 25 at age 21 compared to those with BMI < 25. Weight change and obesity were not associated with an increased risk of biochemical recurrence. Our findings among never smoker men diagnosed with localized prostate cancer suggest a positive association between long-term weight gain and risk of lethal prostate cancer. Metabolic changes associated with weight gain may promote prostate cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbra A Dickerman
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Thomas U Ahearn
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Edward Giovannucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Meir J Stampfer
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Paul L Nguyen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center
| | - Lorelei A Mucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Kathryn M Wilson
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Iyer P, Radhakrishnan V, Vyas R, Trivedi S. Study on the Effect of Chemo-Radiation on the Serum Levels of IGF-I in Patients with Cancer Cervix Stage IIIB. INDIAN JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40944-017-0127-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Yu Y, Fu L, Wang S, Jin Y, Han S, Chu P, Lu J, Guo Y, He L, Ni X. Investigation of IGF2, IGFBP2 and p63 proteins in rhabdomyosarcoma tumors. Growth Horm IGF Res 2017; 33:17-22. [PMID: 28129571 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Many efforts have been made to address involvement of the insulin-like growth-factor (IGF) pathway in rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) pathogenesis, but the actual role of IGF in RMS is still controversial. OBJECTIVE To investigate the implications of IGF2, IGFBP2 and p63 in RMS, and further explored their potential interaction. DESIGN A total of 114 specimens of RMS along with clinic-pathologic characteristics were collected from the year of 2003 to 2013. Protein abundance was detected by immunohistochemical staining, potential relationships between protein levels and clinic-pathological parameters were applied using correlation analysis. RESULTS The results showed positive correlation between IGFBP2 and p63 (r=0.271, p=0.003), suggesting that the interaction of IGFBP2 and p63 might account for the pathogenesis of RMS. In the subtype analysis, positive correlation was still found in embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS, r=0.214, p=0.034) and alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS, r=0.498, p=0.048). By focusing on the interaction of IGF pathway and p63, our results reveal additional signs to elucidate difference of pathogenesis and severity between ERMS and ARMS. CONCLUSIONS The present study provides novel evidence to elucidate RMS pathogenesis and may be beneficial to clinical diagnosis and therapy for RMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbo Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Libing Fu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shen Wang
- Clinical Diagnostic Center, 302nd Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqiong Jin
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shujing Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Chu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongli Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lejian He
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Xin Ni
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Feng X, Lin J, Xing S, Liu W, Zhang G. Higher IGFBP-1 to IGF-1 serum ratio predicts unfavourable survival in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:90. [PMID: 28143425 PMCID: PMC5286734 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3068-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system plays an important role in the development and progression of cancer. However, little is known about the expression of the IGF system components and their clinicopathological significance and prognostic value in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods IGF system components (IGF-1, IGF-2, IGF-1SR, IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2, IGFBP-3, IGFBP-4 and IGFBP-6) were quantified from the plasma of NPC patients and healthy individuals using the RayBio Human Cytokine Antibody Array. IGFBP-1 and IGF-1 mRNA levels were quantified by real-time qPCR, and protein expression was detected by western blot in nine NPC cell lines and four immortalized nasopharyngeal epithelial (NPE) cell lines. Tissue-specific expression of IGFBP-1 and IGF-1 was detected by immunohistochemistry in paraffin-embedded NPC tissues. ELISA analysis was used to measure the serum levels of IGFBP-1 and IGF-1 in 142 NPC patients and 128 healthy controls and determine potential correlation with clinicopathological parameters. Results Significantly higher levels of circulating IGFBP-1 and lower levels of IGF-1 and IGF-2 were detected in NPC patients compared to healthy controls by Cytokine Antibody Array analyses (P = 0.034, 0.012, 0.046, respectively). IGFBP-1 expression was detected in the majority of NPC cell lines, but not in NPE cell lines, and was shown to localize to the nucleus of tumour cells, in contrast to the cytoplasmic staining observed in normal cells. Importantly, IGFBP-1 expression was stronger in NPC tumour tissues compared to peritumoural tissues. In contrast, IGF-1 expression was weak or absent in NPC and NPE cell lines, with the exception of the EBV-infected C666 cell line, and was found to be expressed at lower levels in tumour tissues compared to tumour-adjacent normal tissue. Levels of serum IGFBP-1 were shown to be significantly higher in patients with NPCs compared to healthy control individuals (55.23 ± 41.25 μg/L vs. 32.08 ± 29.73 μg/L, P < 0.001), whereas serum levels of IGF-1 were significantly lower in NPC patients compared to healthy controls (98.14 ± 71.48 μg/L vs. 164.01 ± 92.08 μg/L, P = 0.001). Consistently, the IGFBP-1/IGF-1 serum ratio was shown to be significantly higher in NPC patients compared to healthy control individuals (P = 0.002). Serum levels of IGFBP-1 and the IGFBP-1/IGF-1 ratio significantly correlated with age (P = 0.020; P = 0.016), WHO histological classification (P = 0.044; P = 0.048), titre of EA (EB Virus Capsid Antigen-IgA) and NPC (P = 0.015; P = 0.016). In contrast, higher IGFBP-1 serum levels and IGFBP-1/IGF-1 ratio significantly correlated with poor RFS (P = 0.046; P = 0.037) and OS (P = 0.038; P = 0.009). Multivariate analysis revealed that the IGFBP-1/IGF-1 ratio, but not serum IGFBP-1 level, represents an independent risk factor for poor RFS (P = 0.044) and OS (P = 0.035). Conclusions A higher IGFBP-1/IGF-1 serum ratio is significantly associated with poor prognosis in NPC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Feng
- Department of Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, No.132 Waihuandong Road, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jianhua Lin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shan Xing
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanli Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Department of Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, No.132 Waihuandong Road, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Bonilla C, Lewis SJ, Rowlands MA, Gaunt TR, Davey Smith G, Gunnell D, Palmer T, Donovan JL, Hamdy FC, Neal DE, Eeles R, Easton D, Kote-Jarai Z, Al Olama AA, Benlloch S, Muir K, Giles GG, Wiklund F, Grönberg H, Haiman CA, Schleutker J, Nordestgaard BG, Travis RC, Pashayan N, Khaw KT, Stanford JL, Blot WJ, Thibodeau S, Maier C, Kibel AS, Cybulski C, Cannon-Albright L, Brenner H, Park J, Kaneva R, Batra J, Teixeira MR, Pandha H, Lathrop M, Martin RM, Holly JMP. Assessing the role of insulin-like growth factors and binding proteins in prostate cancer using Mendelian randomization: Genetic variants as instruments for circulating levels. Int J Cancer 2016; 139:1520-33. [PMID: 27225428 PMCID: PMC4957617 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Circulating insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and their binding proteins (IGFBPs) are associated with prostate cancer. Using genetic variants as instruments for IGF peptides, we investigated whether these associations are likely to be causal. We identified from the literature 56 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the IGF axis previously associated with biomarker levels (8 from a genome-wide association study [GWAS] and 48 in reported candidate genes). In ∼700 men without prostate cancer and two replication cohorts (N ∼ 900 and ∼9,000), we examined the properties of these SNPS as instrumental variables (IVs) for IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3. Those confirmed as strong IVs were tested for association with prostate cancer risk, low (< 7) vs. high (≥ 7) Gleason grade, localised vs. advanced stage, and mortality, in 22,936 controls and 22,992 cases. IV analysis was used in an attempt to estimate the causal effect of circulating IGF peptides on prostate cancer. Published SNPs in the IGFBP1/IGFBP3 gene region, particularly rs11977526, were strong instruments for IGF-II and IGFBP-3, less so for IGF-I. Rs11977526 was associated with high (vs. low) Gleason grade (OR per IGF-II/IGFBP-3 level-raising allele 1.05; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.10). Using rs11977526 as an IV we estimated the causal effect of a one SD increase in IGF-II (∼265 ng/mL) on risk of high vs. low grade disease as 1.14 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.31). Because of the potential for pleiotropy of the genetic instruments, these findings can only causally implicate the IGF pathway in general, not any one specific biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Bonilla
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- MRC/University of Bristol Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah J Lewis
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- MRC/University of Bristol Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Mari-Anne Rowlands
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Tom R Gaunt
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- MRC/University of Bristol Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - George Davey Smith
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- MRC/University of Bristol Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - David Gunnell
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Tom Palmer
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Jenny L Donovan
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Freddie C Hamdy
- Nuffield Department of Surgery, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - David E Neal
- Nuffield Department of Surgery, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Surgical Oncology (Uro-Oncology: S4), University of Cambridge, Box 279, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Rosalind Eeles
- The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
- Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Fulham and Sutton, London and Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Doug Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Zsofia Kote-Jarai
- The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Ali Amin Al Olama
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sara Benlloch
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kenneth Muir
- University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
- Institute of Population Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Graham G Giles
- The Cancer Council Victoria, 615 St. Kilda Road, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, the University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Fredrik Wiklund
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Henrik Grönberg
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christopher A Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Johanna Schleutker
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Institute of Biomedical Technology/BioMediTech, University of Tampere and FimLab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Børge G Nordestgaard
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, Herlev, DK, 2730, Denmark
| | - Ruth C Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nora Pashayan
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Applied Health Research, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7HB, United Kingdom
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- Forvie Site, Cambridge Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0SR, United Kingdom
| | - Janet L Stanford
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - William J Blot
- International Epidemiology Institute, 1455 Research Blvd, Suite 550, Rockville, Maryland
| | | | - Christiane Maier
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Ulm, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Ulm, Germany
| | - Adam S Kibel
- Brigham and Women's Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 45 Francis Street-ASB II-3, Boston, Massachussets
- Washington University, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Cezary Cybulski
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Lisa Cannon-Albright
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jong Park
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, 12902 Magnolia Dr, Tampa, Florida
| | - Radka Kaneva
- Molecular Medicine Center and Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical University - Sofia, 2 Zdrave St, Sofia, 1431, Bulgaria
| | - Jyotsna Batra
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Qld, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Manuel R Teixeira
- Department of Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute, Porto, Portugal
- Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICBAS), Porto University, Porto, Portugal
| | - Hardev Pandha
- The University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Lathrop
- Commissariat à L'Energie Atomique, Center National De Génotypage, Evry, France
- McGill University-Génome Québec Innovation Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Richard M Martin
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- MRC/University of Bristol Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Unit in Nutrition, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Jeff M P Holly
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Unit in Nutrition, Bristol, United Kingdom
- IGFs and Metabolic Endocrinology Group, School of Clinical Sciences North Bristol, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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Tang Q, Wu J, Zheng F, Chen Y, Hann SS. WITHDRAWN: Emodin increases expression of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 through activation of MEK/ERK/AMPKα and interaction of PPARγ and Sp1 in lung cancer. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2016:S0925-4439(16)30223-X. [PMID: 27615428 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Due to an error in the publishing process, this article has been withdrawn at the request of the editors. We wish to clarify that this is in no way related to the integrity of the authors. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Tang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China, 510120
| | - JingJing Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China, 510120
| | - Fang Zheng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China, 510120
| | - YuQing Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China, 510120
| | - Swei Sunny Hann
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China, 510120.
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Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis in cancerogenesis. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2016; 772:78-104. [PMID: 28528692 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 08/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Determination of the role of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) family components in carcinogenesis of several human tumors is based on numerous epidemiological and pre-clinical studies, experiments in vivo and in vitro and on attempts at application of drugs affecting the IGF axis. Investigative hypotheses in original studies were based on biological functions manifested by the entire family of IGF (ligands, receptors, linking proteins, adaptor molecules). In the context of carcinogenesis the most important functions of IGF family involve intensification of proliferation and inhibition of cell apoptosis and effect on cell transformation through synthesis of several regulatory proteins. IGF axis controls survival and influences on metastases of cells. Interactions of IGF axis components may be of a direct or indirect nature. The direct effects are linked to activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, in which the initiating role is first of all played by IGF-1 and IGF-1R. Activity of this signaling pathway leads to an increased mitogenesis, cell cycle progression, and protection against different apoptotic stresses. Indirect effects of the axis depend on interactions between IGF and other molecules important for cancer etiology (e.g. sex hormones, products of suppressor genes, viruses, and other GFs) and the style of life (nutrition, physical activity). From the clinical point of view, components of IGF system are first of all considered as diagnostic serous and/or tissue biomarkers of a given cancer, prognostic factors and attractive target of modern anti-tumor therapies. Several mechanisms in which IGF system components act in the process of carcinogenesis need to be clarified, mainly due to multifactorial etiology of the neoplasms. Pin-pointing of the role played in carcinogenesis by any single signaling pathway remains particularly difficult. The aim of this review is to summarize the current data of several epidemiological studies, experiments in vitro and on animal models, to increase our understanding of the complex role of IGF family components in the most common human cancers.
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Evaluating serum insulin-like growth factor 1 and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 as markers in prostate cancer diagnosis. Int J Biol Markers 2016; 31:e317-23. [PMID: 26954072 DOI: 10.5301/jbm.5000200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) lacks specificity and sensitivity in discriminating prostate cancer (PCa) from benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) when the total PSA (tPSA) level is between 4 and 10 ng/mL. It remains to be investigated if additional tumor-associated molecules may improve the PCa diagnostic accuracy. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether serum levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) and their combinations with PSA may enhance the diagnosis of PCa. METHODS Serum tPSA and free PSA (fPSA) levels were measured using an automated chemiluminescence-based method. IGF1 and IGFBP3 levels were evaluated by radioimmunoassays in a prospectively and consecutively enrolled subset of 149 patients with tPSA ≤10 ng/mL made up of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH; n = 113) and PCa (n = 36). RESULTS IGF1 and IGFBP3 serum levels did not significantly differ between the PCa and BPH groups. No important correlation was found between the IGF molecules and PSA isoforms in both groups. Statistical analysis of the combination of markers indicated that only the free/total PSA ratio (f/tPSA%) was informative and independent in predicting the presence of PCa, considering that for high values of this percentage (17%) the probability of finding PCa decreased. Receiver operating characteristics areas under the curve (AUC) for IGF1 and IGFBP3 were not informative (AUC ~0.5 in both cases) contrary to the AUC for f/tPSA% (AUC = 0.689, p = 0.0002). CONCLUSIONS The present study showed that neither IGF1 and IGFBP3 alone nor in combination with PSA enhance the diagnostic performance of PSA in PCa.
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Wu S, Kanda T, Nakamoto S, Jiang X, Nakamura M, Sasaki R, Haga Y, Shirasawa H, Yokosuka O. Cooperative effects of hepatitis B virus and TNF may play important roles in the activation of metabolic pathways through the activation of NF-κB. Int J Mol Med 2016; 38:475-81. [PMID: 27315566 PMCID: PMC4935457 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-1β are often observed in the sera of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected patients. It is well known that these cytokines activate nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)-signaling, and are associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. We investigated whether HBV or HBV X protein (HBx) enhanced the activation of NF-κB in the presence of TNF and/or IL-1β, and their effects on the expression of metabolic pathway-associated genes. We examined whether HBV or HBx enhanced cytokine-induced activation of NF-κB in hepatocytes, using a reporter assay, in the presence or absence of TNF and/or IL-1β. The expression of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 (IGFBP1), one of the NF-κB target genes was also examined. The expression of metabolic pathway-associated genes in HepG2 and HepG2.2.15 cells in the presence or absence of TNF was evaluated by RT-qPCR. Human hepatocytes expressed TNF receptors and IL-1 receptors. NF-κB was activated by cooperation between HBx and TNF in human hepatocytes. We observed IGFBP1 expression in HBV infection and that a number of metabolic pathway-associated genes were upregulated in HepG2.2.15 cells, compared with HepG2 cells with or without TNF treatment. We observed the cooperative effects of HBV and TNF which enhanced the activation of NF-κB as well as upregulated the expression of metabolic pathway-associated genes in hepatocytes. These effects may be important in the development of HBV-associated metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8677, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Kanda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8677, Japan
| | - Shingo Nakamoto
- Department of Molecular Virology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8677, Japan
| | - Xia Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8677, Japan
| | - Masato Nakamura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8677, Japan
| | - Reina Sasaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8677, Japan
| | - Yuki Haga
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8677, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shirasawa
- Department of Molecular Virology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8677, Japan
| | - Osamu Yokosuka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8677, Japan
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Milman S, Huffman DM, Barzilai N. The Somatotropic Axis in Human Aging: Framework for the Current State of Knowledge and Future Research. Cell Metab 2016; 23:980-989. [PMID: 27304500 PMCID: PMC4919980 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2016.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mutations resulting in reduced signaling of the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-1 (GH/IGF-1) axis are associated with increased life- and healthspan across model organisms. Similar findings have been noted in human cohorts with functional mutations in the somatotropic axis, suggesting that this pathway may also be relevant to human aging and protection from age-related diseases. While epidemiological data indicate that low circulating IGF-1 level may protect aging populations from cancer, results remain inconclusive regarding most other diseases. We propose that studies in humans and animals need to consider differences in sex, pathway function, organs, and time-specific effects of GH/IGF-1 signaling in order to better define the role of the somatotropic axis in aging. Agents that modulate signaling of the GH/IGF-1 pathway are available for human use, but before they can be implemented in clinical studies that target aging and age-related diseases, researchers need to address the challenges discussed in this Review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofiya Milman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
| | - Derek M Huffman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Nir Barzilai
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
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M'hamdi H, Baizig NM, ELHadj OE, M'hamdi N, Attia Z, Gritli S, Gamoudi A, El May MV, A El May. Usefulness of IGF-1 serum levels as diagnostic marker of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Immunobiology 2016; 221:1304-8. [PMID: 27312888 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2016.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of IGF-1 in promoting cancer has been investigated for many years. The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between rates of IGF-1 and NPC and to evaluate association of IGF-1 with clinical parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS IGF-1 levels was measured by Elisa test among 82 NPC patients and 60 healthy controls RESULTS Our results showed, for the first time, a significant increased levels of IGF-I in NPC by in comparison with healthy controls (p<0.01). According to the age, sex and tumor size of NPC patients, we demonstrated that IGF-1 concentrations are significantly higher in NPC aged over 30 years compared to patients aged less than 30 years (p<0.01). The IGF-1 levels are, also, higher among women compared to men (p<0.01). The concentrations of IGF-1 were positively correlated with tumor size of NPC patients (p<0.01). CONCLUSION IGF-I could be a good nasopharyngeal cancer diagnostic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M'hamdi
- Laboratory of Immuno-Histo-Cytology, Institute of Carcinology; Salah Azaiz, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - N Mokni Baizig
- Laboratory of Immuno-Histo-Cytology, Institute of Carcinology; Salah Azaiz, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - O ElAmine ELHadj
- Laboratory of Immuno-Histo-Cytology, Institute of Carcinology; Salah Azaiz, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - N M'hamdi
- Department of Animal Sciences National Institute of Agronomy of Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Z Attia
- Department of ORL. Institute of Carcinology Salah Azaiz of Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - S Gritli
- Department of ORL. Institute of Carcinology Salah Azaiz of Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - A Gamoudi
- Laboratory of Immuno-Histo-Cytology, Institute of Carcinology; Salah Azaiz, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - M Veronique El May
- Research Unit 01/UR/08-07.Faculty of Medicine, Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar,Tunisia.
| | - A El May
- Laboratory of Immuno-Histo-Cytology, Institute of Carcinology; Salah Azaiz, Tunis, Tunisia.
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Kwasniewski W, Gozdzicka-Jozefiak A, Wolun-Cholewa M, Polak G, Sierocinska-Sawa J, Kwasniewska A, Kotarski J. Microsatellite polymorphism in the P1 promoter region of the IGF‑1 gene is associated with endometrial cancer. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:4950-8. [PMID: 27121258 PMCID: PMC4878573 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is the most common type of gynecological malignancy. Studies have demonstrated that the insulin growth factor (IGF) pathway is implicated in the development of endometrial tumors and that the serum levels of IGF-1 are affected by estrogen. Most EC cells with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) accumulate mutations at a microsatellite sequence in the IGF-1 gene. The present study investigated the CA repeat polymorphism in the P1 promoter region of the IGF-1 gene among Caucasian females with endometrial hyperplasia, EC and healthy control subjects, whose blood serum and surgical tissue specimens were analyzed. Differences or correlations between the analyzed parameters [serum levels of IGF-1 and IGF binding protein (IGFBP)-1 and IGFBP-3 as well as estrogens among the polymorphisms] were verified using the χ2, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis or Spearman's rank correlation tests. A PCR amplification and DNA sequencing analysis was used for identification of (CA)n repeats in the P1 region of IGF-1. ELISA was used to determine the blood serum levels of IGF-1, IGFBP-1, IGFBP-3 and estrogens. Furthermore, IGF-1 was assessed in endometrial tissues by immunohistochemical analysis. The present study indicated no statistically significant differences between serum levels of IGF-1, IGFBP-1, IGFBP-3 and estrone, estriol and estradiol in the control and study groups. A significant correlation was identified between the IGF-1 levels and estrone levels in the MSI-H polymorphism (r=−0.41, P=0.012) as well as a highly negative correlation between IGF-1 levels and the estradiol levels in the MSI-H polymorphism (r=−0.6, P=0.002). Genotypes without the 19 CA allele were predominantly found in EC. Furthermore, statistical analysis indicated that the number of IGF-1-expressing cells was significantly elevated in MSI-H type 18-20 (P= 0.0072), MSI-L type 19-20 (P=0.025) and microsatellite-stable MSS type 19-19 (P=0.024) compared with those in the MSI-H 20-20 genotype. The present study suggested that it is rather likely that the polymorphisms in the IGF-1 promoter are associated with EC in Caucasian females with regard to its development. In the present study, polymorphisms of the IGF-1 promoter may have been introduced during the genesis of EC and contributed to it by leading to aberrant expression of IGF-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Kwasniewski
- Department of Gynecological Oncology and Gynecology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin 20‑081, Poland
| | | | - Maria Wolun-Cholewa
- Department of Cell Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan 60‑806, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Polak
- Department of Gynecological Oncology and Gynecology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin 20‑081, Poland
| | | | - Anna Kwasniewska
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin 20‑081, Poland
| | - Jan Kotarski
- Department of Gynecological Oncology and Gynecology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin 20‑081, Poland
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Abstract
Prostate cancer is a complex, heterogeneous disease. Factors related to detection, particularly PSA screening, further increase heterogeneity in the manifestation of the disease. It is thus not possible to provide a simple summary of the relationship between obesity and prostate cancer. Findings on obesity, often defined using body mass index (BMI), and total prostate cancer risk have been mixed; however, obesity is relatively consistently associated with a higher risk of aggressive prostate cancer, with aggressiveness defined in various ways (e.g., advanced stage, fatal, poorer prognosis in men with prostate cancer). Many methodologic issues (e.g., influence of PSA screening, detection bias and treatment) need to be thoroughly considered in both existing and future etiologic and prognostic research. Biological mechanisms supporting the link are under investigation, but may involve insulin and IGF axis, sex steroid hormones and alterations in metabolism. Some promising data suggest that molecular sub-types of prostate cancer may offer insights into etiology, but further study is required. A full evaluation of body fatness and weight change over the life course would not only provide insights to the underlying mechanisms but also allow more effective interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Cao
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edward Giovannucci
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. .,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. .,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Grosman H, Fabre B, Lopez M, Scorticati C, Lopez Silva M, Mesch V, Mazza O, Berg G. Complex relationship between sex hormones, insulin resistance and leptin in men with and without prostatic disease. Aging Male 2016; 19:40-5. [PMID: 26526283 DOI: 10.3109/13685538.2015.1100600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess sex hormones, leptin and insulin-resistance in men with prostate cancer (PCa) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and to study associations between androgens and histologic score of prostate tissue in PCa. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Two hundred ten men older than 45 years selected from 2906 participants of a population screening for PCa were studied: 70 with PCa, 70 with BPH and 70 controls (CG), matched by body mass index and age. Insulin, IGF-1, PSA, leptin, total, free (fT) and bioavailable testosterone (bT) and estradiol were measured. Each group was subdivided into two subgroups considering the presence of metabolic syndrome (MS); androgens and leptin levels were analyzed in the subgroups. RESULTS Prostate cancer and BPH patients presented higher total, fT and bT levels than CG. IGF-1, insulin and HOMA index were higher in BPH than in the other two groups. PCa presented higher leptin [median (range) 6.5 (1.3-28.0) versus 4.8 (1.1-12.3) ng/ml; p < 0.01] and estradiol [median (range) 37.0 (20-90) versus 29.0 (20-118) pg/ml; p = 0.025] levels than CG. After dividing men considering the presence of MS, leptin was higher and total testosterone was lower in MS patients in all the groups. CONCLUSIONS It was observed a coexistence of an altered hormone profile with increased sex hormones and leptin in PCa patients, in accordance with the new perspective of PCa pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halina Grosman
- a Clinical Biochemistry Department, INFIBIOC, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires , Buenos Aires , Argentina and
| | - Bibiana Fabre
- a Clinical Biochemistry Department, INFIBIOC, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires , Buenos Aires , Argentina and
| | - Miguel Lopez
- b Urology Division, Hospital de Clínicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires , Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - Carlos Scorticati
- b Urology Division, Hospital de Clínicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires , Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - Maximiliano Lopez Silva
- b Urology Division, Hospital de Clínicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires , Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - Viviana Mesch
- a Clinical Biochemistry Department, INFIBIOC, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires , Buenos Aires , Argentina and
| | - Osvaldo Mazza
- b Urology Division, Hospital de Clínicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires , Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - Gabriela Berg
- a Clinical Biochemistry Department, INFIBIOC, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires , Buenos Aires , Argentina and
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Goldhamer AC, Klaper M, Foorohar A, Myers TR. Water-only fasting and an exclusively plant foods diet in the management of stage IIIa, low-grade follicular lymphoma. BMJ Case Rep 2015; 2015:bcr-2015-211582. [PMID: 26655228 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2015-211582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Follicular lymphoma (FL), the second most common non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), is well characterised by a classic histological appearance and an indolent course. Current treatment protocols for FL range from close observation to immunotherapy, chemotherapy and/or radiotherapies. We report the case of a 42-year-old woman diagnosed by excisional biopsy with stage IIIa, grade 1 FL. In addition to close observation, the patient underwent a medically supervised, 21-day water-only fast after which enlarged lymph nodes were substantially reduced in size. The patient then consumed a diet of minimally processed plant foods free of added sugar, oil and salt (SOS), and has remained on the diet since leaving the residential facility. At 6 and 9-month follow-up visits, the patient's lymph nodes were non-palpable and she remained asymptomatic. This case establishes a basis for further studies evaluating water-only fasting and a plant foods, SOS-free diet as a treatment protocol for FL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan C Goldhamer
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, TrueNorth Health Center, Santa Rosa, California, USA
| | - Michael Klaper
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, TrueNorth Health Center, Santa Rosa, California, USA
| | - Afsoon Foorohar
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, TrueNorth Health Center, Santa Rosa, California, USA
| | - Toshia R Myers
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, TrueNorth Health Center, Santa Rosa, California, USA
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Yao X, Sun S, Zhou X, Guo W, Zhang L. IGF-binding protein 2 is a candidate target of therapeutic potential in cancer. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:1451-9. [PMID: 26662106 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4561-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-binding protein 2(IGFBP2), a key member of IGF family, has been reported as a notable oncogene in most human epithelium cancers. Increasing evidences suggested that IGFBP2 might be a candidate target of therapuetic potential by regulating key cancer metastasis and invasion-associated signaling networks, but there is still confusion about the mechanism on how IGFBP2 takes part in these processes. In this review, we summarized the current points of view that IGFBP2 functions in signaling pathways during tumorigenesis and tumor progression and discussed its potential clinical applications as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Yao
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Sun
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyu Guo
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Lun Zhang
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China. .,National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
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