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Li J, Jin L, Yan K, Xu P, Pan Y, Shang Q. STAT5B, Akt and p38 Signaling Activate FTZ-F1 to Regulate the Xenobiotic Tolerance-Related Gene SlCyp9a75b in Spodoptera litura. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:20331-20342. [PMID: 39253853 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c04465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases in insects have been verified to implicated in insecticide and phytochemical detoxification metabolism. However, the regulation of P450s, which are modulated by signal-regulated transcription factors (TFs), is less well studied in insects. Here, we found that the Malpighian tubule specific P450 gene SlCYP9A75b in Spodoptera litura is induced by xenobiotics. The transgenic Drosophila bioassay and RNAi results indicated that this P450 gene contributes to α-cypermethrin, cyantraniliprole, and nicotine tolerance. In addition, functional analysis revealed that the MAPKs p38, PI3K/Akt, and JAK-STAT activate the transcription factor fushi tarazu factor 1 (FTZ-F1) to regulate CYP9A75b expression. These findings provide mechanistic insights into the contributions of CYP9A genes to xenobiotic detoxification and support the possible involvement of different signaling pathways and TFs in tolerance to xenobiotics in insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyi Li
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Long Jin
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Kunpeng Yan
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Pengjun Xu
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, PR China
| | - Yiou Pan
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Qingli Shang
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
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Kientega M, Clarkson CS, Traoré N, Hui TYJ, O'Loughlin S, Millogo AA, Epopa PS, Yao FA, Belem AMG, Brenas J, Miles A, Burt A, Diabaté A. Whole-genome sequencing of major malaria vectors reveals the evolution of new insecticide resistance variants in a longitudinal study in Burkina Faso. Malar J 2024; 23:280. [PMID: 39285410 PMCID: PMC11406867 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-024-05106-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intensive deployment of insecticide based malaria vector control tools resulted in the rapid evolution of phenotypes resistant to these chemicals. Understanding this process at the genomic level is important for the deployment of successful vector control interventions. Therefore, longitudinal sampling followed by whole genome sequencing (WGS) is necessary to understand how these evolutionary processes evolve over time. This study investigated the change in genetic structure and the evolution of the insecticide resistance variants in natural populations of Anopheles gambiae over time and space from 2012 to 2017 in Burkina Faso. METHODS New genomic data have been generated from An. gambiae mosquitoes collected from three villages in the western part of Burkina Faso between 2012 and 2017. The samples were whole-genome sequenced and the data used in the An. gambiae 1000 genomes (Ag1000G) project as part of the Vector Observatory. Genomic data were analysed using the analysis pipeline previously designed by the Ag1000G project. RESULTS The results showed similar and consistent nucleotide diversity and negative Tajima's D between An. gambiae sensu stricto (s.s.) and Anopheles coluzzii. Principal component analysis (PCA) and the fixation index (FST) showed a clear genetic structure in the An. gambiae sensu lato (s.l.) species. Genome-wide FST and H12 scans identified genomic regions under divergent selection that may have implications in the adaptation to ecological changes. Novel voltage-gated sodium channel pyrethroid resistance target-site alleles (V402L, I1527T) were identified at increasing frequencies alongside the established alleles (Vgsc-L995F, Vgsc-L995S and N1570Y) within the An. gambiae s.l. POPULATIONS Organophosphate metabolic resistance markers were also identified, at increasing frequencies, within the An. gambiae s.s. populations from 2012 to 2017, including the SNP Ace1-G280S and its associated duplication. Variants simultaneously identified in the same vector populations raise concerns about the long-term efficacy of new generation bed nets and the recently organophosphate pirimiphos-methyl indoor residual spraying in Burkina Faso. CONCLUSION These findings highlighted the benefit of genomic surveillance of malaria vectors for the detection of new insecticide resistance variants, the monitoring of the existing resistance variants, and also to get insights into the evolutionary processes driving insecticide resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahamadi Kientega
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS), 01 BP 545, Bobo-Dioulasso 01, Burkina Faso.
- Université Nazi Boni, 01 BP 1091, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
| | - Chris S Clarkson
- Vector Surveillance Programme, Genomic Surveillance Unit, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nouhoun Traoré
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS), 01 BP 545, Bobo-Dioulasso 01, Burkina Faso
- Université Nazi Boni, 01 BP 1091, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - Tin-Yu J Hui
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, Ascot, SL5 7PY, UK
| | - Samantha O'Loughlin
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, Ascot, SL5 7PY, UK
| | - Abdoul-Azize Millogo
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS), 01 BP 545, Bobo-Dioulasso 01, Burkina Faso
- Institut des Sciences des Sociétés, 03 BP 7047, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | - Patric Stephane Epopa
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS), 01 BP 545, Bobo-Dioulasso 01, Burkina Faso
| | - Franck A Yao
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS), 01 BP 545, Bobo-Dioulasso 01, Burkina Faso
| | | | - Jon Brenas
- Vector Surveillance Programme, Genomic Surveillance Unit, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alistair Miles
- Vector Surveillance Programme, Genomic Surveillance Unit, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Austin Burt
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, Ascot, SL5 7PY, UK
| | - Abdoulaye Diabaté
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS), 01 BP 545, Bobo-Dioulasso 01, Burkina Faso.
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Ibrahim SS, Kouamo MFM, Muhammad A, Irving H, Riveron JM, Tchouakui M, Wondji CS. Functional Validation of Endogenous Redox Partner Cytochrome P450 Reductase Reveals the Key P450s CYP6P9a/- b as Broad Substrate Metabolizers Conferring Cross-Resistance to Different Insecticide Classes in Anopheles funestus. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8092. [PMID: 39125661 PMCID: PMC11311542 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The versatility of cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) in transferring electrons to P450s from other closely related species has been extensively exploited, e.g., by using An. gambiae CPR (AgCPR), as a homologous surrogate, to validate the role of An. funestus P450s in insecticide resistance. However, genomic variation between the AgCPR and An. funestus CPR (AfCPR) suggests that the full metabolism spectrum of An. funestus P450s might be missed when using AgCPR. To test this hypothesis, we expressed AgCPR and AfCPR side-by-side with CYP6P9a and CYP6P9b and functionally validated their role in the detoxification of insecticides from five different classes. Major variations were observed within the FAD- and NADP-binding domains of AgCPR and AfCPR, e.g., the coordinates of the second FAD stacking residue AfCPR-Y456 differ from that of AgCPR-His456. While no significant differences were observed in the cytochrome c reductase activities, when co-expressed with their endogenous AfCPR, the P450s significantly metabolized higher amounts of permethrin and deltamethrin, with CYP6P9b-AfCPR membrane metabolizing α-cypermethrin as well. Only the CYP6P9a-AfCPR membrane significantly metabolized DDT (producing dicofol), bendiocarb, clothianidin, and chlorfenapyr (bioactivation into tralopyril). This demonstrates the broad substrate specificity of An. funestus CYP6P9a/-b, capturing their role in conferring cross-resistance towards unrelated insecticide classes, which can complicate resistance management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulaiman S. Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry, Bayero University, Kano PMB 3011, Nigeria
- Center for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), Yaoundé P.O. Box 13591, Cameroon; (M.F.M.K.); (J.M.R.); (M.T.)
- Vector Biology Department, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine (LSTM), Liverpool L3 5QA, UK; (A.M.); (H.I.)
| | - Mersimine F. M. Kouamo
- Center for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), Yaoundé P.O. Box 13591, Cameroon; (M.F.M.K.); (J.M.R.); (M.T.)
| | - Abdullahi Muhammad
- Vector Biology Department, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine (LSTM), Liverpool L3 5QA, UK; (A.M.); (H.I.)
- Center of Biotechnology Research, Bayero University, Kano PMB 3011, Nigeria
| | - Helen Irving
- Vector Biology Department, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine (LSTM), Liverpool L3 5QA, UK; (A.M.); (H.I.)
| | - Jacob M. Riveron
- Center for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), Yaoundé P.O. Box 13591, Cameroon; (M.F.M.K.); (J.M.R.); (M.T.)
| | - Magellan Tchouakui
- Center for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), Yaoundé P.O. Box 13591, Cameroon; (M.F.M.K.); (J.M.R.); (M.T.)
| | - Charles S. Wondji
- Center for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), Yaoundé P.O. Box 13591, Cameroon; (M.F.M.K.); (J.M.R.); (M.T.)
- Vector Biology Department, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine (LSTM), Liverpool L3 5QA, UK; (A.M.); (H.I.)
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Mottet C, Caddoux L, Fontaine S, Plantamp C, Bass C, Barrès B. Myzus persicae resistance to neonicotinoids-unravelling the contribution of different mechanisms to phenotype. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024. [PMID: 39041680 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deciphering the mechanisms underlying insecticide resistance is key to devising appropriate strategies against this economically important trait. Myzus persicae, the green peach-potato aphid, is a major pest that has evolved resistance to many insecticide classes, including neonicotinoids. M. persicae resistance to neonicotinoids has previously been shown to result from two main mechanisms: metabolic resistance resulting from P450 overexpression and a targetsite mutation, R81T. However, their respective contribution to resistant phenotypes remains unclear. RESULTS By combining extensive insecticide bioassays with and without addition of the synergist PBO, and gene copy number and expression quantification of two key P450 enzymes (CYP6CY3 and CYP6CY4) in a 23 clone collection, we, (i) confirmed that metabolic resistance is correlated with P450 expression level, up to a threshold, (ii) demonstrated that the R81T mutation, in the homozygous state and in combination with P450 overexpression, leads to high levels of resistance to neonicotinoids, and, (iii) showed that there is a synergistic interaction between the P450 and R81T mechanisms, and that this interaction has the strongest impact on the strength of resistance phenotypes. However, even though the R81T mutation has a great effect on the resistance phenotype, different R81T genotypes can exhibit variation in the level of resistance, explained only partially by P450 overexpression. CONCLUSION To comprehend resistance phenotypes, it is important to take into account every mechanism at play, as well as the way these mechanisms interact. © 2024 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Mottet
- Université de Lyon, Anses, INRAE, USC CASPER, Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | - Chris Bass
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn, UK
| | - Benoît Barrès
- Université de Lyon, Anses, INRAE, USC CASPER, Lyon, France
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Li J, Yan K, Jin L, Xu P, Pan Y, Shang Q. A Malpighian Tubule-Specific P450 Gene SlCYP9A75a Contributes to Xenobiotic Tolerance in Spodoptera litura. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:15624-15632. [PMID: 38952111 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c03069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Phytophagous insects are more predisposed to evolve insecticide resistance than other insect species due to the "preadaptation hypothesis". Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases have been strongly implicated in insecticide and phytochemical detoxification in insects. In this study, RNA-seq results reveal that P450s of Spodoptera litura, especially the CYP3 clan, are dominant in cyantraniliprole, nicotine, and gossypol detoxification. The expression of a Malpighian tubule-specific P450 gene, SlCYP9A75a, is significantly upregulated in xenobiotic treatments except α-cypermethrin. The gain-of-function and loss-of-function analyses indicate that SlCYP9A75a contributes to cyantraniliprole, nicotine, and α-cypermethrin tolerance, and SlCYP9A75a is capable of binding to these xenobiotics. This study indicates the roles of inducible SlCYP9A75a in detoxifying man-made insecticides and phytochemicals and may provide an insight into the development of cross-tolerance in omnivorous insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyi Li
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, P. R. China
| | - Kunpeng Yan
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, P. R. China
| | - Long Jin
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, P. R. China
| | - Pengjun Xu
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, P. R. China
| | - Yiou Pan
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, P. R. China
| | - Qingli Shang
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, P. R. China
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Li H, Zhao P, Li S, Guo J, Hao D. Trial and error: New insights into recombinant expression of membrane-bound insect cytochromes P450 in Escherichia coli systems. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 273:133183. [PMID: 38897522 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Insect cytochromes P450 (CYP450s) are key enzymes responsible for a wide array of oxidative transformations of both endogenous and exogenous substrates. However, there is currently no a universal guideline established for heterologous expression of membrane-bound CYP450s, which hampers their downstream biochemical and structural studies. In this study, we conducted large-scale screening of protein overexpression in Escherichia coli using 71 insect CYP450 sequences and optimized the expression of a difficult-to-express CYP450 (CYP6HX3) using eight different optimizations, including selection of host strains and expression vectors, alternative of leader signal peptides, and N-terminal modifications. We confirmed that 1) Only insect CYP450s belonging to the CYP347 family could be expressed with N-terminal fusion of ompA2+ signal peptide in E. coli expression system. 2) E. coli Lemo 21 (DE3) effectively improved the expression of CYP6HX3 in the plasma membrane. 3) A brick-red appearance occurred frequently in the expressed thallus or membrane proteins, but this phenomenon could not necessarily indicate successful overexpression of target CYP450s. These findings provide new insights into the recombinant expression of insect CYP450s in E. coli systems and will facilitate the theoretical approaches for functional expression and production of eukaryotic CYP450s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China; College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Peiyuan Zhao
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China; College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Shouyin Li
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China; College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Jinyan Guo
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China; College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Dejun Hao
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China; College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China.
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7
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Krestonoshina K, Melnichuk A, Kinareikina A, Maslakova K, Yangirova L, Silivanova E. The P450-Monooxygenase Activity and CYP6D1 Expression in the Chlorfenapyr-Resistant Strain of Musca domestica L. INSECTS 2024; 15:461. [PMID: 38921174 PMCID: PMC11203901 DOI: 10.3390/insects15060461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
The house fly Musca domestica L. is one of the most common insects of veterinary and medical importance worldwide; its ability to develop resistance to a large number of insecticides is well known. Many studies support the involvement of cytochrome P-450-dependent monooxygenases (P450) in the development of resistance to pyrethroids, neonicotinoids, carbamates, and organophosphates among insects. In this paper, the monooxygenase activity and expression level of CYP6D1 were studied for the first time in a chlorfenapyr-resistant strain of house fly. Our studies demonstrated that P450 activity in adults of the susceptible strain (Lab TY) and chlorfenapyr-resistant strain (ChlA) was 1.56-4.05-fold higher than that in larvae. In females of the Lab TY and ChlA strains, this activity was 1.53- and 1.57-fold higher, respectively (p < 0.05), than that in males, and in contrast, the expression level of CYP6D1 was 21- and 8-fold lower, respectively. The monooxygenase activity did not vary between larvae of the susceptible strain Lab TY and the chlorfenapyr-resistant strain ChlA. Activity in females and males of the ChlA strain exceeded that in the Lab TY strain specimens by 1.54 (p = 0.08) and 1.83 (p < 0.05) times, respectively, with the same level of CYP6D1 expression. PCR-RFLP analysis revealed a previously undescribed mutation in the promoter region of the CYP6D1 gene in adults of the Lab TY and ChlA strains, and it did not affect the gene expression level. The obtained results show that the development of resistance to chlorfenapyr in M. domestica is accompanied by an increase in P450-monooxygenase activity without changes in CYP6D1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Elena Silivanova
- All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Veterinary Entomology and Arachnology—Branch of Federal State Institution Federal Research Centre Tyumen Scientific Centre of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ASRIVEA)—Branch of Tyumen Scientific Centre SB RAS Institutskaya St. 2, Tyumen 625041, Russia; (K.K.); (A.M.); (A.K.); (K.M.); (L.Y.)
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8
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Zhang SP, Bai B, Chen GM, Wang YQ, Hu C, Liu XF, Gao P, Li YT, Fu NX, Yang XQ. Secondary metabolites in host pears defense against two fruit borers and cytochrome-P450-mediated counter-defense. iScience 2024; 27:109518. [PMID: 38585662 PMCID: PMC10995863 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Herbivorous insects have evolved metabolic strategies to survive the challenges posed by plant secondary metabolites (SMs). This study reports an exploration of SMs present in pears, which serve as a defense against invasive Cydia pomonella and native Grapholita molesta and their counter-defense response. The feeding preferences of fruit borers are influenced by the softening of two pear varieties as they ripen. The content of SMs, such as quercetin and rutin, increases due to feeding by fruit borers. Notably, quercetin levels only increase after C. pomonella feeding. The consumption of SMs affects the growth of fruit borer population differently, potentially due to the activation of P450 genes by SMs. These two fruit borers are equipped with specific P450 enzymes that specialize in metabolizing quercetin and rutin, enabling them to adapt to these SMs in their host fruits. These findings provide valuable insights into the coevolution of plants and herbivorous insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Pan Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Major Agricultural Invasion Biological Monitoring and Control, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Bing Bai
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Major Agricultural Invasion Biological Monitoring and Control, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Gao-Man Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Major Agricultural Invasion Biological Monitoring and Control, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Ya-Qi Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Major Agricultural Invasion Biological Monitoring and Control, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Chao Hu
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Major Agricultural Invasion Biological Monitoring and Control, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Xu-Fei Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Major Agricultural Invasion Biological Monitoring and Control, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Ping Gao
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Major Agricultural Invasion Biological Monitoring and Control, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Yu-Ting Li
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Major Agricultural Invasion Biological Monitoring and Control, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Nan-Xia Fu
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Xue-Qing Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Major Agricultural Invasion Biological Monitoring and Control, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
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Dominguez JAJ, Luque-Vilca OM, Mallma NES, FLores DDC, Zea CYH, Huayhua LLA, Lizárraga-Gamarra FB, Cáceres CGM, Yauricasa-Tornero SV, Paricanaza-Ticona DC, Cajavilca HLV. Antifungal chemicals promising function in disease prevention, method of action and mechanism. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 83:e275055. [PMID: 38422253 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.275055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The increasing use of antimicrobial drugs has been linked to the rise of drug-resistant fungus in recent years. Antimicrobial resistance is being studied from a variety of perspectives due to the important clinical implication of resistance. The processes underlying this resistance, enhanced methods for identifying resistance when it emerges, alternate treatment options for infections caused by resistant organisms, and so on are reviewed, along with strategies to prevent and regulate the formation and spread of resistance. This overview will focus on the action mechanism of antifungals and the resistance mechanisms against them. The link between antibacterial and antifungal resistance is also briefly discussed. Based on their mechanism action, antifungals are divided into three distinct categories: azoles, which target the ergosterol synthesis; 5-fluorocytosine, which targets macromolecular synthesis and polyenes, which interact physiochemically with fungal membrane sterols. Antifungal resistance can arise through a wide variety of ways. Overexpression of the target of the antifungal drug, changes to the drug target, changes to sterol biosynthesis, decreased intercellular concentration of the target enzyme, and other processes. A correlation exists between the mechanisms of resistance to antibacterial and antifungals, despite the fact that the comparison between the two is inevitably constrained by various parameters mentioned in the review. Drug extrusion via membrane pumps has been thoroughly documented in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, and development of new antifungal compounds and strategies has also been well characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - N E S Mallma
- Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú, Huancayo, Perú
| | - D D C FLores
- Universidad Nacional de Huancavelica, Huancavelica, Perú
| | - C Y H Zea
- Universidad Nacional de Juliaca, Juliaca, Perú
| | - L L A Huayhua
- Universidad Nacional de Huancavelica, Huancavelica, Perú
| | | | - C G M Cáceres
- Universidad Nacional de Huancavelica, Huancavelica, Perú
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10
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Ding Y, Li J, Yan K, Jin L, Fan C, Bi R, Kong H, Pan Y, Shang Q. CF2-II Alternative Splicing Isoform Regulates the Expression of Xenobiotic Tolerance-Related Cytochrome P450 CYP6CY22 in Aphis gossypii Glover. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:3406-3414. [PMID: 38329423 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
The expression of P450 genes is regulated by trans-regulatory factors or cis-regulatory elements and influences how endogenous or xenobiotic substances are metabolized in an organism's tissues. In this study, we showed that overexpression of the cytochrome P450 gene, CYP6CY22, led to resistance to cyantraniliprole in Aphis gossypii. The expression of CYP6CY22 increased in the midgut and remaining carcass of the CyR strain, and after repressing the expression of CYP6CY22, the mortality of cotton aphids increased 2.08-fold after exposure to cyantraniliprole. Drosophila ectopically expressing CYP6CY22 exhibited tolerance to cyantraniliprole and cross-tolerance to xanthotoxin, quercetin, 2-tridecanone, tannic acid, and nicotine. Moreover, transcription factor CF2-II (XM_027994540.2) is transcribed only as the splicing variant isoform CF2-II-AS, which was found to be 504 nucleotides shorter than CF2-II in A. gossypii. RNAi and yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) results indicated that CF2-II-AS positively regulates CYP6CY22 and binds to cis-acting element p (-851/-842) of CYP6CY22 to regulate its overexpression. The above results indicated that CYP6CY22 was regulated by the splicing isoform CF2-II-AS, which will help us further understand the mechanism of transcriptional adaption of cross-tolerance between synthetic insecticides and plant secondary metabolites mediated by P450s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Ding
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Jianyi Li
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Kunpeng Yan
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Long Jin
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Chengcheng Fan
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Rui Bi
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, PR China
| | - Haoran Kong
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Yiou Pan
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Qingli Shang
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
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Yuan X, Li H, Guo X, Jiang H, Zhang Q, Zhang L, Wang G, Li W, Zhao M. Functional roles of two novel P450 genes in the adaptability of Conogethes punctiferalis to three commonly used pesticides. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1186804. [PMID: 37457033 PMCID: PMC10338330 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1186804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Insect cytochrome P450 (CYP450) genes play important roles in the detoxification and metabolism of xenobiotics, such as plant allelochemicals, mycotoxins and pesticides. The polyphagous Conogethes punctiferalis is a serious economic pest of fruit trees and agricultural crops, and it shows high adaptability to different living environments. Methods: The two novel P450 genes CYP6CV1 and CYP6AB51 were identified and characterized. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) technology was used to study the expression patterns of the two target genes in different larval developmental stages and tissues of C. punctiferalis. Furthermore, RNA interference (RNAi) technology was used to study the potential functions of the two P450 genes by treating RNAi-silenced larvae with three commonly used pesticides. Results: The CYP6CV1 and CYP6AB51 genes were expressed throughout various C. punctiferalis larval stages and in different tissues. Their expression levels increased along with larval development, and expression levels of the two target genes in the midgut were significantly higher than in other tissues. The toxicity bioassay results showed that the LC50 values of chlorantraniliprole, emamectin benzoate and lambda-cyhalothrin on C. punctiferalis larvae were 0.2028 μg/g, 0.0683 μg/g and 0.6110 mg/L, respectively. After treating with different concentrations of chlorantraniliprole, emamectin benzoate and lambda-cyhalothrin (LC10, LC30, LC50), independently, the relative expressions of the two genes CYP6CV1 and CYP6AB51 were significantly induced. After the dsRNA injection, the expression profiles of the two CYP genes were reduced 72.91% and 70.94%, respectively, and the mortality rates of the larvae significantly increased when treated with the three insecticides independently at LC10 values. Discussion: In the summary, after interfering with the CYP6CV1 and CYP6AB51 in C. punctiferalis, respectively, the sensitivity of C. punctiferalis to chlorantraniliprole, emamectin benzoate and lambda-cyhalothrin was significantly increased, indicating that the two CYP6 genes were responsible for the adaptability of C. punctiferalis to the three chemical insecticides in C. punctiferalis. The results from this study demonstrated that CYP6CV1 and CYP6AB51 in C. punctiferalis play crucial roles in the detoxification of chlorantraniliprole, emamectin benzoate and lambda-cyhalothrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Yuan
- Henan International Laboratory for Green Pest Control, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Han Li
- Henan International Laboratory for Green Pest Control, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xianru Guo
- Henan International Laboratory for Green Pest Control, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - He Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Henan International Laboratory for Green Pest Control, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Henan International Laboratory for Green Pest Control, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Gaoping Wang
- Henan International Laboratory for Green Pest Control, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Weizheng Li
- Henan International Laboratory for Green Pest Control, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Man Zhao
- Henan International Laboratory for Green Pest Control, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
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Xu X, Murphy LA. Simultaneous Determination of Pyrethrins, Pyrethroids, and Piperonyl Butoxide in Animal Feeds by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:401. [PMID: 37368701 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15060401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of insecticides like pyrethrins and synthetic pyrethroids, combined with the synergist piperonyl butoxide, in animal feeds can pose a risk to both animal and human health by contaminating the food chain. In this study, a simple and fast method was developed for the simultaneous determination of these compounds in contaminated animal feeds using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Sample preparation was carried out using a QuEChERS-based approach, and the method was validated with acceptable accuracy ranging from 84 to 115% and precision below 10%. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were between 0.15 and 3 and 1 and 10 µg/kg, respectively. The method detected insecticide contaminations in various livestock and poultry feeds. Furthermore, the method was applied to a toxicology case, where it identified and quantified piperonyl butoxide and deltamethrin in the submitted horse feed sample. These results demonstrate that the method can be a valuable tool in animal health and food safety diagnostic applications, as well as veterinary toxicology investigations concerning pyrethrin-related feed contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xu
- Pennsylvania Animal Diagnostic Laboratory System Toxicology Laboratory, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, 382 W Street Rd., Kennett Square, PA 19348, USA
| | - Lisa A Murphy
- Pennsylvania Animal Diagnostic Laboratory System Toxicology Laboratory, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, 382 W Street Rd., Kennett Square, PA 19348, USA
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Li X, Lin L, Li Z, Hadiatullah H, Sharma S, Du H, Yang X, Chen W, You S, Bureik M, Yuchi Z. Development of an efficient insecticide substrate and inhibitor screening system of insect P450s using fission yeast. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 157:103958. [PMID: 37182814 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2023.103958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic resistance is one of the most frequent mechanisms of insecticide resistance, characterized by an increased expression of several important enzymes and transporters, especially cytochrome P450s (CYPs). Due to the large number of P450s in pests, determining the precise relationship between these enzymes and the insecticide substrates is a challenge. Herein, we developed a luminescence-based screening system for efficient identification of insecticide substrates and insect P450 inhibitors. We recombinantly expressed Bemisia tabaci CYP6CM1vQ (Bt CYP6CM1vQ) in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe and subsequently permeabilized the yeast cells to convert them into "enzyme bags". We exploited these enzyme bags to screen the activity of twelve luciferin substrates and identified Luciferin-FEE as the optimal competing probe that was further used to characterize the metabolism of eight candidate commercial insecticides. Among them, Bt CYP6CM1vQ exhibited notable activity against pymetrozine and imidacloprid. Their binding modes were predicted by homology modeling and molecular docking, revealing the mechanisms of the metabolism. We also tested the inhibitory effect of eight known P450 inhibitors using our system and identified letrozole and 1-benzylimidazole as showing significant activity against Bt CYP6CM1vQ, with IC50 values of 23.74 μM and 1.30 μM, respectively. Their potential to be developed as an insecticide synergist was further proven by an in vitro toxicity assay using imidacloprid-resistant Bemisia tabaci. Overall, our luciferin-based enzyme bag method is capable of providing a robust and efficient screening of insect P450 substrates and, more importantly, inhibitors to overcome the resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lianyun Lin
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hadiatullah Hadiatullah
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shishir Sharma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - He Du
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Shijun You
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Matthias Bureik
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiguang Yuchi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.
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14
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Takano K, de Hayr L, Carver S, Harvey RJ, Mounsey KE. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic considerations for treating sarcoptic mange with cross-relevance to Australian wildlife. Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist 2023; 21:97-113. [PMID: 36906936 PMCID: PMC10023865 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2023.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Sarcoptes scabiei is the microscopic burrowing mite responsible for sarcoptic mange, which is reported in approximately 150 mammalian species. In Australia, sarcoptic mange affects a number of native and introduced wildlife species, is particularly severe in bare-nosed wombats (Vombatus ursinus) and an emerging issue in koala and quenda. There are a variety of acaricides available for the treatment of sarcoptic mange which are generally effective in eliminating mites from humans and animals in captivity. In wild populations, effective treatment is challenging, and concerns exist regarding safety, efficacy and the potential emergence of acaricide resistance. There are risks where acaricides are used intensively or inadequately, which could adversely affect treatment success rates as well as animal welfare. While reviews on epidemiology, treatment strategies, and pathogenesis of sarcoptic mange in wildlife are available, there is currently no review evaluating the use of specific acaricides in the context of their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties, and subsequent likelihood of emerging drug resistance, particularly for Australian wildlife. This review critically evaluates acaricides that have been utilised to treat sarcoptic mange in wildlife, including dosage forms and routes, pharmacokinetics, mode of action and efficacy. We also highlight the reports of resistance of S. scabiei to acaricides, including clinical and in vitro observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotaro Takano
- School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Queensland, Australia; Sunshine Coast Health Institute, Birtinya, QLD, Australia
| | - Lachlan de Hayr
- School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Queensland, Australia; Sunshine Coast Health Institute, Birtinya, QLD, Australia
| | - Scott Carver
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Robert J Harvey
- School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Queensland, Australia; Sunshine Coast Health Institute, Birtinya, QLD, Australia
| | - Kate E Mounsey
- School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Queensland, Australia; Sunshine Coast Health Institute, Birtinya, QLD, Australia.
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15
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Boff JS, Reis AC, de Oliveira JL, Gross RB, Fraceto LF, Melo AA, Bernardi O. Development and biological evaluation of nanoencapsulated-based pyrethroids with synergists for resistance management of two soybean pests: insights for new insecticide formulations. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:1204-1212. [PMID: 36412537 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemical control is commonly used against Euschistus heros (F.) and Chrysodeixis includens (Walker) in soybean fields in South America. However, previous studies reported that these pests have reduced susceptibility to pyrethroids in Brazil. On this basis, we developed and evaluated nanoencapsulated-based bifenthrin (BFT) and λ-cyhalothrin (LAM) with the synergists piperonyl butoxide (PBO) and diethyl maleate (DEM) for insect resistance management (IRM). RESULTS Nanoformulations of BFT and LAM with PBO and DEM presented good physical-chemical characteristics and were stable. The spherical morphology of all systems and the encapsulation efficiency in nanostructured lipid carriers did not change when synergists were added. Nanoencapsulated BFT with DEM applied topically increased the susceptibility of E. heros to BFT by 3.50-fold. Similarly, nanoencapsulated BFT and LAM with PBO in diet-overlay bioassays increased the susceptibility of C. includens to both chemicals by up to 2.16-fold. Nanoencapsulated BFT and LAM with synergists also improve control efficacy of both species, causing higher mortality than commercial products containing these chemistries. CONCLUSIONS It is possible to develop nanoencapsulated-based formulations of BFT and LAM with PBO or DEM, and these nanoformulations have the potential to improve control of E. heros and C. includens with recognized low susceptibility to pyrethroids. This study provides updates for designing new insecticide formulations for IRM. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica S Boff
- Department of Plant Protection, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexandre C Reis
- Department of Plant Protection, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Jhones L de Oliveira
- Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Renata B Gross
- Department of Plant Protection, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Leonardo F Fraceto
- Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriano A Melo
- Department of Plant Protection, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Oderlei Bernardi
- Department of Plant Protection, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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16
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Xu K, Song Z, Liu J, Yang L, Sun G, Lei L, Huang S, Gao F, Chen L, Zhou X. Compositions analysis and insecticidal activity of Aconitum polycarpum Chang ex W.T.Wang petroleum ether fractions and essential oils. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 303:115989. [PMID: 36509259 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The Aconitum genus plants as a natural pesticide for insecticide and rodent control has been recorded in Chinese folk. However, the insecticide effect, mechanism, and active composition of Aconitum polycarpum Chang ex W.T.Wang have not been studied further. AIM OF THE STUDY This study was designed to analyze the chemical composition, evaluate contact toxicity of petroleum ether extracts (PEEs) and essential oils (EOs) of A. polycarpum, and further explore their possible insecticidal mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS The roots of A. polycarpum were extracted with 90% methanol, and then extracted with petroleum ether to obtain PEEs; the EOs was extracted by distillation. The chemical compositions of PEEs and EOs were analyzed by GC-MS. Contact toxicity was evaluated by the immersion method. Exploring insecticidal mechanisms through in vitro enzyme inhibitory activity. RESULTS 12 compounds were identified from PEEs by GC-MS, mainly including aliphatic (94.8%), the main compositions were Octadecadienol (ODO) (aliphatic, 53.2%) and L-Ascorbyl dipalmitate (LADP) (aliphatic, 36.1%). 24 compounds were identified in EOs. About 44.6% of the identified components were terpenoids and their derivatives, and the rest were mainly aliphatic (34.7%) and phenols (3.0%). The main chemical components were L (-)-Borneol (LB) (terpenoid, 28.3%), LADP (aliphatic, 19.1%), and Isoborneol (terpenoid, 9.1%). The contact toxicity indicated that the PEEs showed great contact toxicity against Spodoptera exigua (LC50 = 126.2 mg/L). Meanwhile, LADP (LC50 = 128.1 mg/L) and ODO (LC50 = 121.3 mg/L) was similar to that of Cyhalothrin (LC50 = 124.2 mg/L) in contact toxicity. In addition, we found that LADP and ODO exhibited excellent inhibitory activity against CarE (IC50 = 58.0, 56.1 mg/L, respectively) by measuring in vitro enzyme inhibitory activity, which was superior than Cyhalothrin (IC50 = 68.1 mg/L). CONCLUSIONS The chemical compositions and contact toxicity of EOs and PEEs of A. polycarpum were analyzed and evaluated, and their insecticidal mechanisms were preliminarily discussed for the first time. It proved PEEs of A. polycarpum and its main components (LADP and ODO) exhibited excellent contact toxicity against S. exigua, and CarE was identified as a potential target for contact toxicity. This study indicated that the insecticidal activity of petroleum ether extracts from A. polycarpum is quite promising, and provides a practical and scientific basis for the development and application of botanical pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, PR China.
| | - Ziyu Song
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, PR China.
| | - Junqi Liu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, PR China.
| | - Liu Yang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, PR China.
| | - Guoqing Sun
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, PR China.
| | - Lijie Lei
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, PR China.
| | - Shuai Huang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, PR China.
| | - Feng Gao
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, PR China.
| | - Lin Chen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, PR China.
| | - Xianli Zhou
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, PR China; Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University & the Third People Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, PR China.
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Alkassab AT, Kunz N, Bischoff G, Lüken D, Janke M, Wallner K, Kirchner WH, Pistorius J. Large-scale study investigating the effects of a tank mixture containing thiacloprid-prochloraz on honey bees (Apis mellifera). CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 313:137396. [PMID: 36442678 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Risk assessment of plant protection products (PPPs) will be conducted before authorization for their possible effects on non-target organisms, including honey bees. Tank mixtures are often common practice by farmers, and mostly their effects on honey bees are not routinely assessed. To enable a realistic assessment of laboratory-reported effects of a combination of the insecticide thiacloprid and fungicide prochloraz on honey bees, a large-scale field study with spray application in winter oilseed rape was conducted in four regions in Germany. Several parameters were investigated, including mortality, flight activity, and colony development. Residue analysis of various materials (e.g., dead bees, nectar, and pollen) was conducted to assess exposure level. We observed several intoxication symptoms 2 h after application, including a high number of moribund bees and dead bees on the first day after application (DAA +1) compared to the control. Adverse effects were observed on the number of open brood cells, with a significant reduction of approximately 22% compared to control over the experimental period. High residue concentrations were detected on flowers and dead bees on the day of application, which decreased rapidly within six days. The residue concentrations detected were higher in bee-collected materials than in materials stored in the hive. In conclusion, exposure to a combination containing thiacloprid-prochloraz poses a high risk to honey bees. Thus, the application of such a mixture on flowering crops is restricted in Germany.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahim T Alkassab
- Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI) - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Bee Protection, Messeweg 11-12, 38104, Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Nadine Kunz
- Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI) - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Bee Protection, Messeweg 11-12, 38104, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Gabriela Bischoff
- Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI) - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Bee Protection, Königin-Luise-Straße 19, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dorothee Lüken
- Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI) - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Bee Protection, Messeweg 11-12, 38104, Braunschweig, Germany; LAVES Institut für Bienenkunde, Herzogin-Eleonore-Allee 5, 29221, Celle, Germany
| | - Martina Janke
- LAVES Institut für Bienenkunde, Herzogin-Eleonore-Allee 5, 29221, Celle, Germany
| | - Klaus Wallner
- University of Hohenheim, Apicultural State Institute, Erna-Hruschka-Weg 6, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Wolfgang H Kirchner
- Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Jens Pistorius
- Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI) - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Bee Protection, Messeweg 11-12, 38104, Braunschweig, Germany
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18
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Liu B, Chen H. Disruption of CYP6DF1 and CYP6DJ2 increases the susceptibility of Dendroctonus armandi to (+)-α-pinene. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 188:105270. [PMID: 36464375 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Bark beetles rely on detoxifying enzymes to resist the defensive oleoresin terpenes of the host tree. Insect cytochrome P450 (CYPs) plays a key role in the detoxification of plant allelochemicals and pesticides. CYP6 family is unique to Insecta, and its biochemical function is basically related to catabolize heterologous substances. In this study, two Dendroctonus armandi CYP6 genes, CYP6DF1 and CYP6DJ2, were characterized. Spatiotemporal expression profiling revealed that CYP6DF1 and CYP6DJ2 expressions were higher in larvae and adult stages of D. armandi than in egg and pupae stages, and that two genes predominantly expressed in brain, midgut, fat body, or Malpighian tubules. Moreover, CYP6DF1 and CYP6DJ2 expressions were significantly induced after exposure to (+)-α-pinene. Importantly, silencing CYP6DF1 and CYP6DJ2 significantly inhibited the CYP activity and increased the mortality in the adults fumigated with (+)-α-pinene. Additionally, piperonyl butoxide exposure to adults also increase the sensitivity after treatment with (+)-α-pinene, which led to a significant reduction of the CYP activity, resulting a significant increase in adult mortality. These results suggest that the CYP6 family plays a key role in determining the susceptibility of D. armandi to (+)-α-pinene, which may have implications for the development of novel therapeutics to control this important pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Hui Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
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Fan Y, Zhang C, Qin Y, Yin X, Dong X, Desneux N, Zhou H. Monitoring the Methyl Eugenol Response and Non-Responsiveness Mechanisms in Oriental Fruit Fly Bactrocera dorsalis in China. INSECTS 2022; 13:1004. [PMID: 36354828 PMCID: PMC9695349 DOI: 10.3390/insects13111004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Bactrocera dorsalis is a notorious polyphagous pest in China, and its management strategies largely depend on methyl eugenol (ME), which has been widely used as an attractant to monitor and eradicate B. dorsalis populations for seven decades. However, the non-responsiveness levels in field B. dorsalis populations to ME is unknown. In this study, we monitored the response to ME in field populations from the four most heavily infested provinces in China, and the results showed that the populations had lower sensitivity to ME relative to GZS susceptible strain. The percent responsiveness of the lowest sensitivity population was 5.88-, 3.47-, and 1.47-fold lower relative to the susceptible strain at doses of 1, 10, and 100 µL of ME, respectively. Gene expression analysis and inhibitor assays further revealed that odorant binding protein (BdorOBP2, BdorOBP83b) and the P450 enzyme system may be associated with the lower response to ME. To our knowledge, this work is the first to report that the P450 enzyme system confers a lower responsiveness to lure insects. These findings provided valuable insights for exploiting ME non-responsiveness to protect sterile males from ME-based control strategies and the use of lures combined with insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinjun Fan
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, China-Australia Cooperative Research Center for Crop Health and Biological Invasions, College of Plant Health & Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Changzhen Zhang
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, China-Australia Cooperative Research Center for Crop Health and Biological Invasions, College of Plant Health & Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Yu Qin
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, China-Australia Cooperative Research Center for Crop Health and Biological Invasions, College of Plant Health & Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Xinhui Yin
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, China-Australia Cooperative Research Center for Crop Health and Biological Invasions, College of Plant Health & Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Xinyi Dong
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, China-Australia Cooperative Research Center for Crop Health and Biological Invasions, College of Plant Health & Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Nicolas Desneux
- Université Côte d’Azur, INRAE, CNRS, UMR ISA, 06000 Nice, France
| | - Hongxu Zhou
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, China-Australia Cooperative Research Center for Crop Health and Biological Invasions, College of Plant Health & Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
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20
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Kotze AC, Bagnall NH, Ruffell AP, George SD, Rolls NM. Resistance to dicyclanil and imidacloprid in the sheep blowfly, Lucilia cuprina, in Australia. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:4195-4206. [PMID: 35690912 PMCID: PMC9540573 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The sheep blowfly, Lucila cuprina, is a myiasis-causing parasite responsible for significant production losses and welfare issues for the Australian sheep industry. Control relies largely on the use of insecticides. The pyrimidine compound, dicyclanil, is the predominant control chemical, although other insecticides also are used, including imidacloprid, ivermectin, cyromazine and spinosad. We investigated in vitro resistance patterns and mechanisms in field-collected blowfly strains. RESULTS The Walgett 2019 strain showed significant levels of resistance to both dicyclanil and imidacloprid, with resistance factors at the IC50 of 26- and 17-fold, respectively, in in vitro bioassays. Co-treatment with the cytochrome P450 inhibitor, aminobenzotriazole, resulted in significant levels of synergism for dicyclanil and imidacloprid (synergism ratios of 7.2- and 6.1-fold, respectively), implicating cytochrome P450 in resistance to both insecticides. Cyp12d1 transcription levels were increased up to 40-fold throughout the larval life stages in the resistant strain compared to a reference susceptible strain, whereas transcription levels of some other cyp genes (6g1, 4d1, 28d1) did not differ between the strains. Similar resistance levels also were observed in flies collected from the same property in two subsequent years. CONCLUSION This study indicates that in vitro resistance to both dicyclanil and imidacloprid in this field-collected blowfly strain is likely mediated by cytochrome P450, with Cyp12d1 implicated as the enzyme responsible; however, it remains possible that another P450 also may be involved. A common resistance mechanism for the two drugs has important implications for drug rotation strategies designed to prolong the useful life of flystrike control chemicals. © 2022 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C Kotze
- CSIRO Agriculture and FoodSt. Lucia, BrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Neil H Bagnall
- CSIRO Agriculture and FoodSt. Lucia, BrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Angela P Ruffell
- CSIRO Agriculture and FoodSt. Lucia, BrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Sarah D George
- Elanco Australasia Pty LtdKemps CreekNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Nicholas M Rolls
- Elanco Australasia Pty Ltd.Macquarie ParkNew South WalesAustralia
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21
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Antonelli P, Duval P, Luis P, Minard G, Valiente Moro C. Reciprocal interactions between anthropogenic stressors and insect microbiota. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:64469-64488. [PMID: 35864395 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21857-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Insects play many important roles in nature due to their diversity, ecological role, and impact on agriculture or human health. They are directly influenced by environmental changes and in particular anthropic activities that constitute an important driver of change in the environmental characteristics. Insects face numerous anthropogenic stressors and have evolved various detoxication mechanisms to survive and/or resist to these compounds. Recent studies highligted the pressure exerted by xenobiotics on insect life-cycle and the important role of insect-associated bacterial microbiota in the insect responses to environmental changes. Stressor exposure can have various impacts on the composition and structure of insect microbiota that in turn may influence insect biology. Moreover, bacterial communities associated with insects can be directly or indirectly involved in detoxification processes with the selection of certain microorganisms capable of degrading xenobiotics. Further studies are needed to assess the role of insect-associated microbiota as key contributor to the xenobiotic metabolism and thus as a driver for insect adaptation to polluted habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Antonelli
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Ecologie Microbienne, 69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Pénélope Duval
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Ecologie Microbienne, 69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Patricia Luis
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Ecologie Microbienne, 69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Guillaume Minard
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Ecologie Microbienne, 69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Claire Valiente Moro
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Ecologie Microbienne, 69622, Villeurbanne, France.
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22
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Qiao JW, Fan YL, Wu BJ, Bai TT, Wang YH, Zhang ZF, Wang D, Liu TX. Downregulation of NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase via RNA interference increases the susceptibility of Acyrthosiphon pisum to desiccation and insecticides. INSECT SCIENCE 2022; 29:1105-1119. [PMID: 34723412 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) is involved in the metabolism of endogenous and exogenous substances, and detoxification of insecticides. RNA interference (RNAi) of CPR in certain insects causes developmental defects and enhanced susceptibility to insecticides. However, the CPR of Acyrthosiphon pisum has not been characterized, and its function is still not understood. In this study, we investigated the biochemical functions of A. pisum CPR (ApCPR). ApCPR was found to be transcribed in all developmental stages and was abundant in the embryo stage, and in the gut, head, and abdominal cuticle. After optimizing the dose and silencing duration of RNAi for downregulating ApCPR, we found that ApCPR suppression resulted in a significant decrease in the production of cuticular and internal hydrocarbon contents, and of cuticular waxy coatings. Deficiency in cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) decreased the survival rate of A. pisum under desiccation stress and increased its susceptibility to contact insecticides. Moreover, desiccation stress induced a significant increase in ApCPR mRNA levels. We further confirmed that ApCPR participates in CHC production. These results indicate that ApCPR modulates CHC production, desiccation tolerance, and insecticide susceptibility in A. pisum, and presents a novel target for pest control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Wen Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yong-Liang Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Bing-Jin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Tian-Tian Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Ying-Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zhan-Feng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Dun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Tong-Xian Liu
- Key Lab of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
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23
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Valmorbida I, Hohenstein JD, Coates BS, Bevilaqua JG, Menger J, Hodgson EW, Koch RL, O'Neal ME. Association of voltage-gated sodium channel mutations with field-evolved pyrethroid resistant phenotypes in soybean aphid and genetic markers for their detection. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12020. [PMID: 35835854 PMCID: PMC9283502 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16366-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The frequent use of insecticides to manage soybean aphids, Aphis glycines (Hemiptera: Aphididae), in the United States has contributed to field-evolved resistance. Pyrethroid-resistant aphids have nonsynonymous mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel (vgsc). We identified a leucine to phenylalanine mutation at position 1014 (L1014F) and a methionine to isoleucine mutation (M918I) of the A. glycines vgsc, both suspected of conferring knockdown resistance (kdr) to lambda-cyhalothrin. We developed molecular markers to identify these mutations in insecticide-resistant aphids. We determined that A. glycines which survived exposure to a diagnostic concentration of lambda-cyhalothrin and bifenthrin via glass-vial bioassays had these mutations, and showed significant changes in the resistance allele frequency between samples collected before and after field application of lambda-cyhalothrin. Thus, a strong association was revealed between aphids with L1014F and M918I vgsc mutations and survival following exposure to pyrethroids. Specifically, the highest survival was observed for aphids with the kdr (L1014F) and heterozygote super-kdr (L1014F + M918I) genotypes following laboratory bioassays and in-field application of lambda-cyhalothrin. These genetic markers could be used as a diagnostic tool for detecting insecticide-resistant A. glycines and monitoring the geographic distribution of pyrethroid resistance. We discuss how generating these types of data could improve our efforts to mitigate the effects of pyrethroid resistance on crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Brad S Coates
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Júlia G Bevilaqua
- Department of Crop Protection, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - James Menger
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA
| | - Erin W Hodgson
- Department of Entomology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Robert L Koch
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA
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24
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Tepa A, Kengne-Ouafo JA, Djova VS, Tchouakui M, Mugenzi LMJ, Djouaka R, Pieme CA, Wondji CS. Molecular Drivers of Multiple and Elevated Resistance to Insecticides in a Population of the Malaria Vector Anopheles gambiae in Agriculture Hotspot of West Cameroon. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:1206. [PMID: 35885989 PMCID: PMC9316901 DOI: 10.3390/genes13071206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Malaria remains a global public health problem. Unfortunately, the resistance of malaria vectors to commonly used insecticides threatens disease control and elimination efforts. Field mosquitoes have been shown to survive upon exposure to high insecticide concentrations. The molecular mechanisms driving this pronounced resistance remain poorly understood. Here, we elucidated the pattern of resistance escalation in the main malaria vector Anopheles gambiae in a pesticide-driven agricultural hotspot in Cameroon and its impact on vector control tools; (2) Methods: Larval stages and indoor blood-fed female mosquitoes (F0) were collected in Mangoum in May and November and forced to lay eggs; the emerged mosquitoes were used for WHO tube, synergist and cone tests. Molecular identification was performed using SINE PCR, whereas TaqMan-based PCR was used for genotyping of L1014F/S and N1575Y kdr and the G119S-ACE1 resistance markers. The transcription profile of candidate resistance genes was performed using qRT-PCR methods. Characterization of the breeding water and soil from Mangoum was achieved using the HPLC technique; (3) Results: An. gambiae s.s. was the only species in Mangoum with 4.10% infection with Plasmodium. These mosquitoes were resistant to all the four classes of insecticides with mortality rates <7% for pyrethroids and DDT and <54% for carbamates and organophophates. This population also exhibited high resistance intensity to pyrethroids (permethrin, alpha-cypermethrin and deltamethrin) after exposure to 5× and 10× discriminating doses. Synergist assays with PBO revealed only a partial recovery of susceptibility to permethrin, alpha-cypermethrin and deltamethrin. Only PBO-based nets (Olyset plus and permaNet 3.0) and Royal Guard showed an optimal efficacy. A high amount of alpha-cypermethrin was detected in breeding sites (5.16-fold LOD) suggesting ongoing selection from agricultural pesticides. The 1014F-kdr allele was fixed (100%) whereas the 1575Y-kdr (37.5%) and the 119S Ace-1R (51.1%) were moderately present. Elevated expression of P450s, respectively, in permethrin and deltamethrin resistant mosquitoes [CYP6M2 (10 and 34-fold), CYP6Z1(17 and 29-fold), CYP6Z2 (13 and 65-fold), CYP9K1 (13 and 87-fold)] supports their role in the observed resistance besides other mechanisms including chemosensory genes as SAP1 (28 and 13-fold), SAP2 (5 and 5-fold), SAP3 (24 and 8-fold) and cuticular genes as CYP4G16 (6 and 8-fold) and CYP4G17 (5 and 27-fold). However, these candidate genes were not associated with resistance escalation as the expression levels did not differ significantly between 1×, 5× and 10× surviving mosquitoes; (4) Conclusions: Intensive and multiple resistance is being selected in malaria vectors from a pesticide-based agricultural hotspot of Cameroon leading to loss in the efficacy of pyrethroid-only nets. Further studies are needed to decipher the molecular basis underlying such resistance escalation to better assess its impact on control interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Tepa
- Medical Entomology Department, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), Yaoundé P.O. Box 13591, Cameroon; (J.A.K.-O.); (V.S.D.); (M.T.); (L.M.J.M.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde 1, Yaoundé P.O. Box 1364, Cameroon;
| | - Jonas A. Kengne-Ouafo
- Medical Entomology Department, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), Yaoundé P.O. Box 13591, Cameroon; (J.A.K.-O.); (V.S.D.); (M.T.); (L.M.J.M.)
| | - Valdi S. Djova
- Medical Entomology Department, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), Yaoundé P.O. Box 13591, Cameroon; (J.A.K.-O.); (V.S.D.); (M.T.); (L.M.J.M.)
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Bamenda, Bambili P.O. Box 39, Cameroon
| | - Magellan Tchouakui
- Medical Entomology Department, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), Yaoundé P.O. Box 13591, Cameroon; (J.A.K.-O.); (V.S.D.); (M.T.); (L.M.J.M.)
| | - Leon M. J. Mugenzi
- Medical Entomology Department, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), Yaoundé P.O. Box 13591, Cameroon; (J.A.K.-O.); (V.S.D.); (M.T.); (L.M.J.M.)
| | - Rousseau Djouaka
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Cotonou P.O. Box 0932, Benin;
| | - Constant A. Pieme
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde 1, Yaoundé P.O. Box 1364, Cameroon;
| | - Charles S. Wondji
- Medical Entomology Department, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), Yaoundé P.O. Box 13591, Cameroon; (J.A.K.-O.); (V.S.D.); (M.T.); (L.M.J.M.)
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Yaoundé P.O. Box 2008, Cameroon
- Vector Biology Department, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK
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25
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Wu Y, Lian Y, Peng S, Wang A, Yang H, Li J, Yang S, Zhou S. Comparative Genomic-Based Study of Reproduction-Related Genes in Three Fruit Fly Species. Front Genet 2022; 13:893695. [PMID: 35692817 PMCID: PMC9185124 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.893695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett), Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), and Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) are important pests of fruit and vegetable crops and are difficult to control because of their rapid reproduction rate and egg production. To investigate the key genes regulating reproduction in three fruit fly species, we selected genomic information of three fruit fly species, screened specific genes and single-copy homolog genes, and performed KEGG and GO enrichment analysis on specific genes and single-copy homolog genes of the strong positive select (SP); the results showed that Z. cucurbitae (Coquillett), B. dorsalis (Hendel), and C. capitata (Wiedemann) had seven, 11, and one Vitellogenin-related genes, respectively; Z. cucurbitae (Coquillett) had 84 specific genes enriched in immune system-related pathways; B. dorsalis (Hendel) had 1,121 specific genes enriched in signaling pathways related to cell growth and differentiation; C. capitata (Wiedemann) had 42 specific genes enriched in the degradation and metabolism pathways of exogenous organisms; Z. cucurbitae (Coquillett) may have a stronger immune system; B. dorsalis (Hendel) has a faster developmental and reproductive rate; and C. capitata (Wiedemann) has a higher detoxification capacity. Only one SP single-copy homolog gene (gene name: very long-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial) is enriched in the fatty acid metabolic pathway in both Z. cucurbitae (Coquillett) and B. dorsalis (Hendel) as well as in Z. cucurbitae (Coquillett) and C. capitata (Wiedemann). This study provides a molecular basis for studying the reproductive mechanisms of three fruit fly species and provides a scientific basis for developing effective control strategies for fruit flies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinggu Wu
- College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Yuyang Lian
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya, China
| | - Sihua Peng
- College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Aqiang Wang
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya, China
| | - Heming Yang
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya, China
| | - Jinlei Li
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya, China
| | - Shuyan Yang
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya, China
| | - Shihao Zhou
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya, China
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26
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Boff JS, Reis AC, Patricia DSG, Pretto VE, Garlet CG, Melo AA, Bernardi O. The Effect of Synergistic Compounds on the Susceptibility of Euschistus heros (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) and Chrysodeixis includens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to Pyrethroids. ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 51:421-429. [PMID: 35137018 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvac005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The Neotropical brown stink bug, Euschistus heros (F.), and the soybean looper, Chrysodeixis includens (Walker), are key pests of soybean in South America. Low susceptibility to pyrethroids has been reported for both species in Brazil. Here, we evaluate the addition of synergistic compounds piperonyl butoxide (PBO) and diethyl maleate (DEM) to manage E. heros and C. includens with resistance to λ-cyhalothrin and bifenthrin. The LD50 of technical grade and commercial products containing λ-cyhalothrin and bifenthrin decreased against field-collected E. heros exposed to PBO and DEM relative to unexposed insects; synergistic ratios up to 4.75-fold. The mortality also increased when E. heros were exposed to commercial formulations containing λ-cyhalothrin (from 4 to 44%) and bifenthrin (from 44 to 88%) in the presence of synergists. There was also a higher susceptibility of field-collected C. includens to technical grade λ-cyhalothrin when PBO was used; synergistic ratio of 5.50-fold. High lethally of technical grade λ-cyhalothrin was also verified in the presence of PBO, with mortality increasing from 6 to 57%. Our findings indicate the potential utility of synergists in reversing the resistance to λ-cyhalothrin and bifenthrin in E. heros and C. includens and suggest a significant role of metabolic mechanisms underlying the detoxification of both pyrethroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica S Boff
- Department of Plant Protection, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Roraima avenue 1000, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Alexandre C Reis
- Department of Plant Protection, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Roraima avenue 1000, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul 97105-900, Brazil
| | - da S Gubiani Patricia
- Department of Plant Protection, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Roraima avenue 1000, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Venicius E Pretto
- Department of Plant Protection, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Roraima avenue 1000, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Cínthia G Garlet
- Department of Plant Protection, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Roraima avenue 1000, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Adriano A Melo
- Department of Plant Protection, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Roraima avenue 1000, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Oderlei Bernardi
- Department of Plant Protection, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Roraima avenue 1000, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul 97105-900, Brazil
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27
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Cheng X, Dai T, Hu Z, Cui T, Wang W, Han P, Hu M, Hao J, Liu P, Liu X. Cytochrome P450 and Glutathione S-Transferase Confer Metabolic Resistance to SYP-14288 and Multi-Drug Resistance in Rhizoctonia solani. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:806339. [PMID: 35387083 PMCID: PMC8977892 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.806339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
SYP-14288 is a fungicide as an uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation, which is effective in controlling fungal pathogens like Rhizoctonia solani. To determine whether R. solani can develop SYP-14288 resistance and possibly multi-drug resistance (MDR), an SYP-14288-resistant mutant of R. solani X19-7 was generated from wild-type strain X19, and the mechanism of resistance was studied through metabolic and genetic assays. From metabolites of R. solani treated with SYP-14288, three compounds including M1, M2, and M3 were identified according to UPLC-MS/MS analysis, and M1 accumulated faster than M2 and M3 in X19-7. When X19-7 was treated by glutathione-S-transferase (GST) inhibitor diethyl maleate (DEM) and SYP-14288 together, or by DEM plus one of tested fungicides that have different modes of action, a synergistic activity of resistance occurred, implying that GSTs promoted metabolic resistance against SYP-14288 and therefore led to MDR. By comparing RNA sequences between X19-7 and X19, six cytochrome P450s (P450s) and two GST genes were selected as a target, which showed a higher expression in X19-7 than X19 both before and after the exposure to SYP-14288. Furthermore, heterologous expression of P450 and GST genes in yeast was conducted to confirm genes involved in metabolic resistance. In results, the P450 gene AG1IA_05136 and GST gene AG1IA_07383 were related to fungal resistance to multiple fungicides including SYP-14288, fluazinam, chlorothalonil, and difenoconazole. It was the first report that metabolic resistance of R. solani to uncouplers was associated with P450 and GST genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingkai Cheng
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Tan Dai
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihong Hu
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tongshan Cui
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Weizhen Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Han
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Maolin Hu
- Shenzhen Agricultural Technology Promotion Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianjun Hao
- School of Food and Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, ME, United States
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xili Liu
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Zhou G, Li Y, Jeang B, Wang X, Cummings RF, Zhong D, Yan G. Emerging Mosquito Resistance to Piperonyl Butoxide-Synergized Pyrethroid Insecticide and Its Mechanism. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 59:638-647. [PMID: 35050361 PMCID: PMC8924976 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjab231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Piperonyl butoxide (PBO)-synergized pyrethroid products are widely available for the control of pyrethroid-resistant mosquitoes. To date, no study has examined mosquito resistance after pre-exposure to PBO and subsequent enzymatic activity when exposed to PBO-synergized insecticides. We used Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae), an important vector of arboviruses and lymphatic filariasis, as a model to examine the insecticide resistance mechanisms of mosquitoes to PBO-synergized pyrethroid using modified World Health Organization tube bioassays and biochemical analysis of metabolic enzyme expressions pre- and post-PBO exposure. Mosquito eggs and larvae were collected from three cities in Orange County in July 2020 and reared in insectary, and F0 adults were used in this study. A JHB susceptible strain was used as a control. Mosquito mortalities and metabolic enzyme expressions were examined in mosquitoes with/without pre-exposure to different PBO concentrations and exposure durations. Except for malathion, wild strain Cx quinquefasciatus mosquitoes were resistant to all insecticides tested, including PBO-synergized pyrethroids (mortality range 3.7 ± 4.7% to 66.7 ± 7.7%). Wild strain mosquitoes had elevated levels of carboxylesterase (COE, 3.8-fold) and monooxygenase (P450, 2.1-fold) but not glutathione S-transferase (GST) compared to susceptible mosquitoes. When wild strain mosquitoes were pre-exposed to 4% PBO, the 50% lethal concentration of deltamethrin was reduced from 0.22% to 0.10%, compared to 0.02% for a susceptible strain. The knockdown resistance gene mutation (L1014F) rate was 62% in wild strain mosquitoes. PBO pre-exposure suppressed P450 enzyme expression levels by 25~34% and GST by 11%, but had no impact on COE enzyme expression. Even with an optimal PBO concentration (7%) and exposure duration (3h), wild strain mosquitoes had significantly higher P450 enzyme expression levels after PBO exposure compared to the susceptible laboratory strain. These results further demonstrate other studies that PBO alone may not be enough to control highly pyrethroid-resistant mosquitoes due to multiple resistance mechanisms. Mosquito resistance to PBO-synergized insecticide should be closely monitored through a routine resistance management program for effective control of mosquitoes and the pathogens they transmit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofa Zhou
- Program in Public Health, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Yiji Li
- Program in Public Health, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Brook Jeang
- Program in Public Health, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Program in Public Health, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Robert F Cummings
- Orange County Mosquito and Vector Control District, Garden Grove, CA, USA
| | - Daibin Zhong
- Program in Public Health, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Guiyun Yan
- Program in Public Health, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
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Mukhtar MM, Ibrahim SS. Temporal Evaluation of Insecticide Resistance in Populations of the Major Arboviral Vector Aedes Aegypti from Northern Nigeria. INSECTS 2022; 13:187. [PMID: 35206760 PMCID: PMC8876019 DOI: 10.3390/insects13020187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
To support evidence-based control measures, two Nigerian Aedes populations (BUK and Pantami) were characterised. Larval bioassay using temephos and deltamethrin revealed a significant increase in deltamethrin resistance, with LC50 of 0.018mg/L (resistance ratio compared to New Orleans, RR = 2.250) in 2018 increasing ~6-fold, by 2019 (LC50 = 0.100mg/L, RR = 12.5), and ~11-fold in 2020 (LC50 = 0.198mg/L, RR = 24.750). For the median deltamethrin concentration (0.05mg/L), a gradual decrease in mortality was observed, from 50.6% in 2018, to 44.9% in 2019, and 34.2% in 2020. Extremely high DDT resistance was observed, with <3% mortalities and LT50s of 352.87 min, 369.19 min and 406.94 min in 2018, 2019 and 2020, respectively. Significant temporal increase in resistance was observed towards ƛ-cyhalothrin (a type II pyrethroid) over three years. Synergist bioassays with diethylmaleate and piperonylbutoxide significantly recovered DDT and ƛ-cyhalothrin susceptibility respectively, implicating glutathione S-transferases and CYP450s. Cone bioassays revealed increased resistance to the PermaNet® 3.0, side panels (mortalities of 94% in 2018, 66.4% in 2019, and 73.6% in 2020), while full susceptibility was obtained with the roof of PermaNet® 3.0. The F1534C kdr mutation occurred in low frequency, with significant correlation between heterozygote genotypes and DDT resistance. This temporal increase in resistance is a major challenge for control of this vector of public health importance.
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Matowo J, Weetman D, Pignatelli P, Wright A, Charlwood JD, Kaaya R, Shirima B, Moshi O, Lukole E, Mosha J, Manjurano A, Mosha F, Rowland M, Protopopoff N. Expression of pyrethroid metabolizing P450 enzymes characterizes highly resistant Anopheles vector species targeted by successful deployment of PBO-treated bednets in Tanzania. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0249440. [PMID: 35073324 PMCID: PMC8786186 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Long lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are a proven tool to reduce malaria transmission, but in Africa efficacy is being reduced by pyrethroid resistance in the major vectors. A previous study that was conducted in Muleba district, Tanzania indicated possible involvement of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases in a pyrethroid resistance in An. gambiae population where pre-exposure to piperonyl butoxide (PBO) followed by permethrin exposure in CDC bottle bioassays led to partial restoration of susceptibility. PBO is a synergist that can block pyrethroid-metabolizing enzymes in a mosquito. Insecticide resistance profiles and underlying mechanisms were investigated in Anopheles gambiae and An. funestus from Muleba during a cluster randomized trial. Diagnostic dose bioassays using permethrin, together with intensity assays, suggest pyrethroid resistance that is both strong and very common, but not extreme. Transcriptomic analysis found multiple P450 genes over expressed including CYP6M2, CYP6Z3, CYP6P3, CYP6P4, CYP6AA1 and CYP9K1 in An. gambiae and CYP6N1, CYP6M7, CYP6M1 and CYP6Z1 in An. funestus. Indeed, very similar suites of P450 enzymes commonly associated with resistant populations elsewhere in Africa were detected as over expressed suggesting a convergence of mechanisms across Sub-Saharan African malaria vectors. The findings give insight into factors that may correlate with pyrethroid PBO LLIN success, broadly supporting model predictions, but revision to guidelines previously issued by the World Health Organization is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnson Matowo
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Entomology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
- * E-mail:
| | - David Weetman
- Department of Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Patricia Pignatelli
- Department of Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandra Wright
- Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jacques D. Charlwood
- Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Kaaya
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Entomology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Boniface Shirima
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Entomology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Oliva Moshi
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Entomology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Eliud Lukole
- Department of Parasitology, National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza Medical Research Centre, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Jacklin Mosha
- Department of Parasitology, National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza Medical Research Centre, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Alphaxard Manjurano
- Department of Parasitology, National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza Medical Research Centre, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Franklin Mosha
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Entomology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Mark Rowland
- Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Natacha Protopopoff
- Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
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Zhao P, Xue H, Zhu X, Wang L, Zhang K, Li D, Ji J, Niu L, Gao X, Luo J, Cui J. Silencing of cytochrome P450 gene CYP321A1 effects tannin detoxification and metabolism in Spodoptera litura. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 194:895-902. [PMID: 34843814 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.11.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450 or CYP) plays an important role in the metabolism of insecticides and plant allelochemicals by insects. CYP321B1, a novel Spodoptera litura P450 gene, was identified and characterized. CYP321B1 contains a 1488 bp open reading frame (ORF) that encodes a 495 amino acid protein. In fourth instar larvae, the highest CYP321B1 expression levels were found in the midgut and fat body. In the tannin feeding test, tannin can significantly induce the expression of CYP321B1 in the midgut and fat body of 4th instar larvae. To verify the function of CYP321B1, RNA interference and metabolome analysis were performed. The results showed that silencing CYP321B1 significantly reduced the rate of weight gain under tannin induction. Metabolome analysis showed silencing affected 47 different metabolites, mainly involved in secondary metabolite biosynthesis and amino acid metabolism, including amino acids, lipid fatty acids, organic acids and their derivatives. Henoxyacetic acid and cysteamine are the most highly regulated metabolites, respectively. These findings demonstrate that CYP321B1 plays an important role in tannin detoxification and metabolism. Functional knowledge about metabolite detoxification genes in this major herbivorous insect pest can provide new insights into this biological process and provide new targets for agricultural pest control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Hui Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Xiangzhen Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China; Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China; Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
| | - Kaixin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China; Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
| | - Dongyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China; Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
| | - Jichao Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China; Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
| | - Lin Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China; Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
| | - Xueke Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China; Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
| | - Junyu Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China; Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
| | - Jinjie Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China; Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
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Salehipourshirazi G, Bruinsma K, Ratlamwala H, Dixit S, Arbona V, Widemann E, Milojevic M, Jin P, Bensoussan N, Gómez-Cadenas A, Zhurov V, Grbic M, Grbic V. Rapid specialization of counter defenses enables two-spotted spider mite to adapt to novel plant hosts. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 187:2608-2622. [PMID: 34618096 PMCID: PMC8644343 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Genetic adaptation, occurring over a long evolutionary time, enables host-specialized herbivores to develop novel resistance traits and to efficiently counteract the defenses of a narrow range of host plants. In contrast, physiological acclimation, leading to the suppression and/or detoxification of host defenses, is hypothesized to enable broad generalists to shift between plant hosts. However, the host adaptation mechanisms used by generalists composed of host-adapted populations are not known. Two-spotted spider mite (TSSM; Tetranychus urticae) is an extreme generalist herbivore whose individual populations perform well only on a subset of potential hosts. We combined experimental evolution, Arabidopsis thaliana genetics, mite reverse genetics, and pharmacological approaches to examine mite host adaptation upon the shift of a bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)-adapted population to Arabidopsis. We showed that cytochrome P450 monooxygenases are required for mite adaptation to Arabidopsis. We identified activities of two tiers of P450s: general xenobiotic-responsive P450s that have a limited contribution to mite adaptation to Arabidopsis and adaptation-associated P450s that efficiently counteract Arabidopsis defenses. In approximately 25 generations of mite selection on Arabidopsis plants, mites evolved highly efficient detoxification-based adaptation, characteristic of specialist herbivores. This demonstrates that specialization to plant resistance traits can occur within the ecological timescale, enabling the TSSM to shift to novel plant hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kristie Bruinsma
- Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B8, Canada
| | - Huzefa Ratlamwala
- Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B8, Canada
| | - Sameer Dixit
- Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B8, Canada
| | - Vicent Arbona
- Departament de Ciències Agràries i del Medi Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, E-12071, Spain
| | - Emilie Widemann
- Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B8, Canada
| | - Maja Milojevic
- Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B8, Canada
| | - Pengyu Jin
- Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B8, Canada
| | - Nicolas Bensoussan
- Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B8, Canada
| | - Aurelio Gómez-Cadenas
- Departament de Ciències Agràries i del Medi Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, E-12071, Spain
| | - Vladimir Zhurov
- Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B8, Canada
| | - Miodrag Grbic
- Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B8, Canada
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y el Vino (CSIC, UR, Gobiernode La Rioja), Logrono 26006, Spain
- Department of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vojislava Grbic
- Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B8, Canada
- Author for communication:
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Zhang S, Gao X, Wang L, Jiang W, Su H, Jing T, Cui J, Zhang L, Yang Y. Chromosome-level genome assemblies of two cotton-melon aphid Aphis gossypii biotypes unveil mechanisms of host adaption. Mol Ecol Resour 2021; 22:1120-1134. [PMID: 34601821 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The cotton-melon aphid Aphis gossypii is a sap-sucking insect that is considered a serious global pest. The species is distributed over a large geographical range and uses a wide variety of hosts, with some populations being specialized to attack different plant species. Here, we provide de novo chromosome-level genome assemblies of a cotton specialist population (Hap1) and a cucurbit specialist population (Hap3). We achieved this by using a combination of third-generation sequencing platforms, namely Illumina and Hi-C sequencing technologies. We were able to anchor a total of 334.89 Mb (scaffold N50 of 89.13 Mb) and 359.95 Mb (scaffold N50 of 68.88 Mb) to four chromosomes for Hap1 and Hap3, respectively. Moreover, our results showed that the X-chromosome of Hap3 (113.01 Mb) was significantly longer than that of Hap1 (100.26 Mb), with a high level of sequence conservation between the aphid species. We also report variation in the number of protein-coding genes and repeat sequences between Hap1 and Hap3. In particular, olfactory and gustatory receptor genes underwent a high level of gene duplication and expansion events in A. gossypii, including between Hap1 and Hap3. Moreover, we identified two glutathione S-transferase genes which underwent single gene duplications in Hap3, and tandem duplication and inversion events affecting the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase between Hap1 and Hap3, all of which include the CYP3 family. Our results illustrate the variance in the genomic composition of two specialized A. gossypii populations and provide a helpful resource for the study of aphid population evolution, host adaption and insecticide resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhang
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xueke Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Weili Jiang
- Basic Experimental Teaching Center of Life Sciences, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Honghua Su
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tianxing Jing
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jinjie Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yizhong Yang
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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34
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Faidah AN, Zhao H, Sun L, Cao C. Effects of elevated CO 2 treatment of Populus davidiana × P. bolleana on growth and detoxifying enzymes in gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 248:109079. [PMID: 34015537 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
To date, elevated CO2 concentrations in the environment caused by various human activities influence diverse areas of life, including the interactions between insects and plants. The Lymantria dispar is one of the most severely destructive pests, which further could inflict ecological and economical damage. In this experiment, one-year-old Populus davidiana × P. bolleana plants were grown in CO2-enhanced environments for one month at three different CO2 concentrations: 397 ppm (atmospheric CO2 concentration), 550 ppm and 750 ppm (two predicted elevated CO2 concentrations). The 3rd instar L. dispar larvae then fed on the treated poplar seedlings covered in a nylon bag. The L. dispar larvae fed on poplar seedling treated for 96 h showed the highest growth rate at all CO2 concentrations. Enzymatic activity of treated larvae showed the highest GST and P450 activity at 750 ppm CO2. The relative expressions of seven CYP and ten GST genes in L. dispar larvae were analyzed quantitatively using real-time RT-PCR, which the results were expressed variably. Compared to 397 ppm CO2, the expression of CYP4L23 was down-regulated, while the expressions of other CYP genes were up-regulated. Meanwhile, only GSTo1 gene showed down-regulated at 48 h and 96 h in 750 ppm CO2 treatment, while GST expression level for the other nine GST genes showed up-regulated at 48 h and 72 h. These results offer the insight into plant-insect interactions under global climate change and furthermore will provide essential information for strategic pest control based on biochemical and molecular levels changes in gypsy moths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arina Nur Faidah
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Hongying Zhao
- Institute of Forestry Protection, Heilongjiang Forestry Academy, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Lili Sun
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Chuanwang Cao
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
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do Prado CCA, Queiroz LG, da Silva FT, de Paiva TCB. Ecotoxicological effect of ketoconazole on the antioxidant system of Daphnia similis. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 246:109080. [PMID: 34015536 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The occurrence of emerging pharmaceutical pollutants (i.e. small drugs, antibiotics) present in aquatic environments shown to be a current environmental problem still without apparent solution. In this regard, the use of ecotoxicological techniques has been shown fundamental for the appraisal of damage to affected living organisms. Herein, ecotoxicological tests were conducted, focusing on the evaluation of the effects of ketoconazole (KTZ) on the antioxidant system of the model body Daphnia similis. In order to study the biochemical changes caused by KTZ in the antioxidant system, the enzymatic biomarkers glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) were monitored. Toxicological tests were conducted using KTZ concentrations (0-10 μg·L-1). Prolonged exposure to KTZ (336 h) caused changes upon the expression of antioxidant enzymes and simultaneously affected the reproductive system in those organisms. Moreover, a decrease in GST and APX activity was observed caused by KTZ exposure, respectively 79.2% (3.53 μmol min-1 mg-1 protein) and 24.4% (0.88 μmol min-1 mg-1 protein). On the other hand, it was observed an increase of 27% (0.17 μmol min-1 mg-1 protein) in CAT activity. Through this study, it was possible to observe the toxicological effects of KTZ, which proves its action as an oxidative stress-inducing agent and endocrine modifier in daphnids organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caio César Achiles do Prado
- Engineering School of Lorena, University of Sao Paulo, Department of Biotechnology, Lorena 12602-810, Brazil.
| | - Lucas Gonçalves Queiroz
- Engineering School of Lorena, University of Sao Paulo, Department of Biotechnology, Lorena 12602-810, Brazil.
| | - Flávio Teixeira da Silva
- Engineering School of Lorena, University of Sao Paulo, Department of Biotechnology, Lorena 12602-810, Brazil.
| | - Teresa Cristina Brazil de Paiva
- Engineering School of Lorena, University de Sao Paulo, Department of Basic and Environmental Sciences, Lorena 12602-810, Brazil.
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Wang YC, Chang YW, Bai J, Zhang XX, Iqbal J, Lu MX, Hu J, Du YZ. High temperature stress induces expression of CYP450 genes and contributes to insecticide tolerance in Liriomyza trifolii. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 174:104826. [PMID: 33838719 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2021.104826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Liriomyza trifolii is an invasive leafminer fly that inflicts damage on many horticultural and vegetable crops. In this study, the effects of elevated temperatures on L. trifolii tolerance to insecticides abamectin (AB), monosultap (MO) and a mixture of abamectin and monosultap (AM) were firstly investigated, then five CYP450 genes (LtCYPs) were cloned, and expression patterns and NADPH cytochrome C reductase (NCR) activity in L. trifolii were compared in response to high temperature stress and insecticide exposure. Results showed elevated temperatures induced expression of LtCYP450s, the expression level of LtCYP4g1, LtCYP4g15 and LtCYP301A1 after exposed to different high temperature were significantly up-regulated compared with the control (25 °C), while there was no significant difference in LtCYP4E21 and LtCYP18A1. Under the joint high temperature and insecticide stress, the expression of LtCYP4g15, LtCYP18A1 and LtCYP301A1 was significantly higher under elevated temperatures than that of only under AB exposure. For MO and AM exposure, only 40 °C could induce the expression of LtCYP4g15, LtCYP18A1 and LtCYP301A1. In general, the LtCYPs expression pattern was correlated with increased NCR activity and decreased mortality in response to insecticide exposure under elevated temperatures. These all demonstrated that insecticide tolerance in L. trifolii could be mediated by high temperature. This study improves our understanding of L. trifolii physiology and offers a theoretical context for improved control that ultimately reduces the abuse of insecticides and decreases exposure to non-target organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Cheng Wang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ya-Wen Chang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jing Bai
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Xiang Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Junaid Iqbal
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ming-Xing Lu
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jie Hu
- Plant Protection and Quarantine Station of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu-Zhou Du
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
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Talipouo A, Mavridis K, Nchoutpouen E, Djiappi-Tchamen B, Fotakis EA, Kopya E, Bamou R, Kekeunou S, Awono-Ambene P, Balabanidou V, Balaska S, Wondji CS, Vontas J, Antonio-Nkondjio C. High insecticide resistance mediated by different mechanisms in Culex quinquefasciatus populations from the city of Yaoundé, Cameroon. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7322. [PMID: 33795804 PMCID: PMC8017000 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86850-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Culex mosquitoes particularly Culex quinquefasciatus are important arboviral and filariasis vectors, however despite this important epidemiological role, there is still a paucity of data on their bionomics. The present study was undertaken to assess the insecticide resistance status of Cx. quinquefasciatus populations from four districts of Yaoundé (Cameroon). All Culex quinquefasciatus populations except one displayed high resistance to bendiocarb and malathion with mortalities ranging from 0 to 89% while high resistance intensity against both permethrin and deltamethrin was recorded. Molecular analyses revealed high frequencies of the ACE-1 G119S mutation (ranging from 0 to 33%) and kdr L1014F allele (ranging from 55 to 74%) in all Cx. quinquefasciatus populations. Significant overexpression was detected for cytochrome P450s genes CYP6AA7 and CYP6Z10, as well as for Esterase A and Esterase B genes. The total cuticular hydrocarbon content, a proxy of cuticular resistance, was significantly increased (compared to the S-lab strain) in one population. The study confirms strong insecticide resistance mediated by different mechanisms in Cx. quinquefasciatus populations from the city of Yaoundé. The expansion of insecticide resistance in Culex populations could affect the effectiveness of current vector control measures and stress the need for the implementation of integrated vector control strategies in urban settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdou Talipouo
- Laboratoire de Recherche Sur Le PaludismeLaboratoire de Recherche Sur Le Paludisme, Organisation de Coordination Pour la Lutte Contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale (OCEAC), B. P. 288, Yaoundé, Cameroun.
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 337, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Konstantinos Mavridis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, 70013, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Elysée Nchoutpouen
- Laboratoire de Recherche Sur Le PaludismeLaboratoire de Recherche Sur Le Paludisme, Organisation de Coordination Pour la Lutte Contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale (OCEAC), B. P. 288, Yaoundé, Cameroun
| | - Borel Djiappi-Tchamen
- Laboratoire de Recherche Sur Le PaludismeLaboratoire de Recherche Sur Le Paludisme, Organisation de Coordination Pour la Lutte Contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale (OCEAC), B. P. 288, Yaoundé, Cameroun
- Vector Borne Diseases Laboratory of the Research Unit Biology and Applied Ecology (VBID-RUBAE), Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science of the University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Emmanouil Alexandros Fotakis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, 70013, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Edmond Kopya
- Laboratoire de Recherche Sur Le PaludismeLaboratoire de Recherche Sur Le Paludisme, Organisation de Coordination Pour la Lutte Contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale (OCEAC), B. P. 288, Yaoundé, Cameroun
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 337, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Roland Bamou
- Laboratoire de Recherche Sur Le PaludismeLaboratoire de Recherche Sur Le Paludisme, Organisation de Coordination Pour la Lutte Contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale (OCEAC), B. P. 288, Yaoundé, Cameroun
- Vector Borne Diseases Laboratory of the Research Unit Biology and Applied Ecology (VBID-RUBAE), Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science of the University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Sévilor Kekeunou
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 337, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Parfait Awono-Ambene
- Laboratoire de Recherche Sur Le PaludismeLaboratoire de Recherche Sur Le Paludisme, Organisation de Coordination Pour la Lutte Contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale (OCEAC), B. P. 288, Yaoundé, Cameroun
| | - Vasileia Balabanidou
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, 70013, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Sofia Balaska
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, 70013, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Charles Sinclair Wondji
- Department of Vector Biology Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Pembroke Place, Liverpool, L3 5QA, UK
- Centre for Research in Infectious Disease (CRID), P.O. Box 13591, Yaoundé, Cameroun
| | - John Vontas
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, 70013, Heraklion, Greece
- Pesticide Science Laboratory, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855, Athens, Greece
| | - Christophe Antonio-Nkondjio
- Laboratoire de Recherche Sur Le PaludismeLaboratoire de Recherche Sur Le Paludisme, Organisation de Coordination Pour la Lutte Contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale (OCEAC), B. P. 288, Yaoundé, Cameroun.
- Department of Vector Biology Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Pembroke Place, Liverpool, L3 5QA, UK.
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Zhang C, Shi Q, Li T, Cheng P, Guo X, Song X, Gong M. Comparative proteomics reveals mechanisms that underlie insecticide resistance in Culex pipiens pallens Coquillett. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009237. [PMID: 33764997 PMCID: PMC7993597 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mosquito control based on chemical insecticides is considered as an important element of the current global strategies for the control of mosquito-borne diseases. Unfortunately, the development of insecticide resistance of important vector mosquito species jeopardizes the effectiveness of insecticide-based mosquito control. In contrast to target site resistance, other mechanisms are far from being fully understood. Global protein profiles among cypermethrin-resistant, propoxur-resistant, dimethyl-dichloro-vinyl-phosphate-resistant and susceptible strain of Culex pipiens pallens were obtained and proteomic differences were evaluated by using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification labeling coupled with liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometric analysis. A susceptible strain of Culex pipiens pallens showed elevated resistance levels after 25 generations of insecticide selection, through iTRAQ data analysis detected 2,502 proteins, of which 1,513 were differentially expressed in insecticide-selected strains compared to the susceptible strain. Finally, midgut differential protein expression profiles were analyzed, and 62 proteins were selected for verification of differential expression using iTRAQ and parallel reaction monitoring strategy, respectively. iTRAQ profiles of adaptation selection to three insecticide strains combined with midgut profiles revealed that multiple insecticide resistance mechanisms operate simultaneously in resistant insects of Culex pipiens pallens. Significant molecular resources were developed for Culex pipiens pallens, potential candidates were involved in metabolic resistance and reducing penetration or sequestering insecticide. Future research that is targeted towards RNA interference of the identified metabolic targets, such as cuticular proteins, cytochrome P450s, glutathione S-transferases and ribosomal proteins proteins and biological pathways (drug metabolism—cytochrome P450, metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450, oxidative phosphorylation, ribosome) could lay the foundation for a better understanding of the genetic basis of insecticide resistance in Culex pipiens pallens. Global protein profiles were compared among a susceptible strain of Cx. pipiens pallens and strains that were cypermethrin-resistant, propoxur-resistant, and dimethyl-dichloro-vinyl-phosphate-resistant after 25 generations of selection by distinct chemical insecticide families, multiple mechanisms were found to operate simultaneously in resistant mosquitoes of Cx. pipiens pallens, including mechanisms to lower penetration of or sequester the insecticide or to increase biodegradation of the insecticide via subtle alterations in either the cuticular protein levels or the activities of detoxification enzymes (P450s and glutathione S-transferases).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongxing Zhang
- Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jining, Shandong, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (ZCX); (GMQ)
| | - Qiqi Shi
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, MOH, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Li
- Nanning MHelixProTech Co., Ltd., Nanning Hi-tech Zone Bioengineering Center, Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Peng Cheng
- Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jining, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Xiuxia Guo
- Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jining, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Song
- Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jining, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Maoqing Gong
- Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jining, Shandong, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (ZCX); (GMQ)
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Muhammad A, Ibrahim SS, Mukhtar MM, Irving H, Abajue MC, Edith NMA, Da’u SS, Paine MJI, Wondji CS. High pyrethroid/DDT resistance in major malaria vector Anopheles coluzzii from Niger-Delta of Nigeria is probably driven by metabolic resistance mechanisms. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247944. [PMID: 33705436 PMCID: PMC7951933 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Entomological surveillance of local malaria vector populations is an important component of vector control and resistance management. In this study, the resistance profile and its possible mechanisms was characterised in a field population of the major malaria vector Anopheles coluzzii from Port Harcourt, the capital of Rivers state, in the Niger-Delta Region of Nigeria. Larvae collected in Port-Harcourt, were reared to adulthood and used for WHO bioassays. The population exhibited high resistance to permethrin, deltamethrin and DDT with mortalities of 6.7% ± 2.4, 37.5% ± 3.2 and 6.3% ± 4.1, respectively, but were fully susceptible to bendiocarb and malathion. Synergist bioassays with piperonylbutoxide (PBO) partially recovered susceptibility, with mortalities increasing to 53% ± 4, indicating probable role of CYP450s in permethrin resistance (χ2 = 29.48, P < 0.0001). Transcriptional profiling revealed five major resistance-associated genes overexpressed in the field samples compared to the fully susceptible laboratory colony, Ngoussou. Highest fold change (FC) was observed with GSTe2 (FC = 3.3 in permethrin exposed and 6.2 in unexposed) and CYP6Z3 (FC = 1.4 in exposed and 4.6 in unexposed). TaqMan genotyping of 32 F0 females detected the 1014F and 1575Y knockdown resistance (kdr) mutations with frequencies of 0.84 and 0.1, respectively, while 1014S mutation was not detected. Sequencing of a fragment of the voltage-gated sodium channel, spanning exon 20 from 13 deltamethrin-resistant and 9 susceptible females revealed only 2 distinct haplotypes with a low haplotype diversity of 0.33. The findings of high pyrethroid resistance but with a significant degree of recovery after PBO synergist assay suggests the need to move to PBO-based nets. This could be complemented with carbamate- or organophosphate-based indoor residual spraying in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullahi Muhammad
- Vector Biology Department, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine (LSTM), Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Centre for Biotechnology Research, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Sulaiman S. Ibrahim
- Vector Biology Department, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine (LSTM), Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Department of Biochemistry, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria
- LSTM Research Unit, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | | | - Helen Irving
- Vector Biology Department, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine (LSTM), Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Maduamaka C. Abajue
- Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Noutcha M. A. Edith
- Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Sabitu S. Da’u
- Department of Science, School of Continuing Education, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Mark J. I. Paine
- Vector Biology Department, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine (LSTM), Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Charles S. Wondji
- Vector Biology Department, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine (LSTM), Liverpool, United Kingdom
- LSTM Research Unit, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), Yaoundé, Cameroon
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Herron GA, Langfield KL, Chen Y, Wilson LJ. Development of abamectin resistance in Tetranychus urticae in Australian cotton and the establishment of discriminating doses for T. lambi. EXPERIMENTAL & APPLIED ACAROLOGY 2021; 83:325-341. [PMID: 33587238 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-021-00592-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Since the 1980s Tetranychus urticae Koch has dominated Australian cotton due to its ability to develop resistance. Here we give screening data for a range of chemicals tested against T. urticae including abamectin, bifenthrin, diafenthiuron, etoxazole and propargite and speculate why abamectin resistance emerged without warning. Abamectin resistance was not detected in T. urticae in Australian cotton before season 2007-2008 when a few resistant individuals were detected in a single strain. Resistance was detected again in season 2010-2011 and continued to be detected in every subsequent season comprising 80% of strains tested in 2018-2019. We speculate the reason may relate to prophylactic abamectin use to prevent mite flare with Creontiades dilutes Stål mirid sprays. With the introduction of transgenic Bt-cotton, spraying significantly reduced and anecdotally Tetranychus lambi became more abundant. Although T. lambi may now be more common than T. urticae its response to chemical controls is completely unknown. Tetranychus lambi conspecific dose responses were established to support resistance monitoring against abamectin, diafenthiuron and propargite that generated discriminating dose (DD) estimates of 0.0007 g/L abamectin, 0.03 g/L diafenthiuron and 0.7 g/L propargite. These DD were used in season 2018-2019 but resistance was not detected against any product including abamectin. The reason why T. lambi may now dominate despite T. urticae being still resistant is speculated and thought related to the progressive reduction in insecticide use in Australian cotton and/or the changing weed complex in the transgenic cotton era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grant A Herron
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Elizabeth MacArthur Agricultural Institute, PMB 4008, Narellan, 2567, Australia.
| | - Kate L Langfield
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Elizabeth MacArthur Agricultural Institute, PMB 4008, Narellan, 2567, Australia
| | - Yizhou Chen
- New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Elizabeth MacArthur Agricultural Institute, PMB 4008, Narellan, 2567, Australia
| | - Lewis J Wilson
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Locked Bag 59, Narrabri, NSW, 2390, Australia
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Smith LB, Silva JJ, Chen C, Harrington LC, Scott JG. Fitness costs of individual and combined pyrethroid resistance mechanisms, kdr and CYP-mediated detoxification, in Aedes aegypti. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009271. [PMID: 33760828 PMCID: PMC7990171 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aedes aegypti is an important vector of many human diseases and a serious threat to human health due to its wide geographic distribution and preference for human hosts. A. aegypti also has evolved widespread resistance to pyrethroids due to the extensive use of this insecticide class over the past decades. Mutations that cause insecticide resistance result in fitness costs in the absence of insecticides. The fitness costs of pyrethroid resistance mutations in A. aegypti are still poorly understood despite their implications for arbovirus transmission. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPLE FINDINGS We evaluated fitness based both on allele-competition and by measuring specific fitness components (i.e. life table and mating competition) to determine the costs of the different resistance mechanisms individually and in combination. We used four congenic A. aegypti strains: Rockefeller (ROCK) is susceptible to insecticides; KDR:ROCK (KR) contains only voltage-sensitive sodium channel (Vssc) mutations S989P+V1016G (kdr); CYP:ROCK (CR) contains only CYP-mediated resistance; and CYP+KDR:ROCK (CKR) contains both CYP-mediated resistance and kdr. The kdr allele frequency decreased over nine generations in the allele-competition study regardless of the presence of CYP-mediated resistance. Specific fitness costs were variable by strain and component measured. CR and CKR had a lower net reproductive rate (R0) than ROCK or KR, and KR was not different than ROCK. There was no correlation between the level of permethrin resistance conferred by the different mechanisms and their fitness cost ratio. We also found that CKR males had a reduced mating success relative to ROCK males when attempting to mate with ROCK females. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Both kdr and CYP-mediated resistance have a fitness cost affecting different physiological aspects of the mosquito. CYP-mediated resistance negatively affected adult longevity and mating competition, whereas the specific fitness costs of kdr remains elusive. Understanding fitness costs helps us determine whether and how quickly resistance will be lost after pesticide application has ceased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia B. Smith
- Department of Entomology, Comstock Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Juan J. Silva
- Department of Entomology, Comstock Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Connie Chen
- Department of Entomology, Comstock Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Laura C. Harrington
- Department of Entomology, Comstock Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey G. Scott
- Department of Entomology, Comstock Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
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Wan L, Zhou A, Xiao W, Zou B, Jiang Y, Xiao J, Deng C, Zhang Y. Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase genes in the wild silkworm, Bombyx mandarina. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10818. [PMID: 33604192 PMCID: PMC7866900 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Wild (Bombyx mandarina) and domestic silkworms (B. mori) are good models for investigating insect domestication, as 5000 years of artificial breeding and selection have resulted in significant differences between B. mandarina and B. mori. In this study, we improved the genome assemblies to the chromosome level and updated the protein-coding gene annotations for B. mandarina. Based on this updated genome, we identified 68 cytochrome P450 genes in B. mandarina. The cytochrome P450 repository in B. mandarina is smaller than in B. mori. Certain currently unknown key genes, rather than gene number, are critical for insecticide resistance in B. mandarina, which shows greater resistance to insecticides than B. mori. Based on the physical maps of B. mandarina, we located 66 cytochrome P450s on 18 different chromosomes, and 27 of the cytochrome P450 genes were concentrated into seven clusters. KEGG enrichment analysis of the P450 genes revealed the involvement of cytochrome P450 genes in hormone biosynthesis. Analyses of the silk gland transcriptome identified candidate cytochrome P450 genes (CYP306A) involved in ecdysteroidogenesis and insecticide metabolism in B. mandarina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linrong Wan
- Sericultural Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchong, Sichuan, China.,College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Anlian Zhou
- Sericultural Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenfu Xiao
- Sericultural Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Bangxing Zou
- Sericultural Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Yaming Jiang
- Sericultural Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Jinshu Xiao
- Sericultural Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Cao Deng
- Research and Development Center, Genefang, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Departments of Bioinformatics, DNA Stories Bioinformatics Center, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Youhong Zhang
- Sericultural Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
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Nauen R, Zimmer CT, Vontas J. Heterologous expression of insect P450 enzymes that metabolize xenobiotics. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2021; 43:78-84. [PMID: 33186746 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2020.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Insect cytochrome P450-monooxygenases (P450s) are an enzyme superfamily involved in the oxidative transformation of endogenous and exogenous substrates, including insecticides. They were also shown to determine insecticide selectivity in beneficial arthropods such as bee pollinators, and to detoxify plant secondary metabolites. The recent explosion in numbers of P450s due to increased invertebrate genomes sequenced, allowed researchers to study their functional relevance for xenobiotic metabolism by recombinant expression using different expression systems. Troubleshooting strategies, including different systems and protein modifications typically adapted from mammalian P450s, have been applied to improve the functional expression, with partial success. The aim of this mini review is to critically summarize different strategies recently developed and used to produce recombinant insect P450s for xenobiotic metabolism studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Nauen
- Bayer AG, Crop Science Division, R&D, Alfred Nobel-Strasse 50, 40789 Monheim, Germany.
| | - Christoph T Zimmer
- Syngenta Crop Protection, Werk Stein, Schaffhauserstrasse, Stein CH4332, Switzerland
| | - John Vontas
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), Foundation for Research and Technology (FORTH), Nikolaou Plastira Street 100, 70013, Heraklion, Crete, Greece; Pesticide Science Laboratory, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 9 75, 11855, Athens, Greece.
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Xu X, Li X, Liu Z, Wang F, Fan L, Wu C, Yao Y. Knockdown of CYP301B1 and CYP6AX1v2 increases the susceptibility of the brown planthopper to beta-asarone, a potential plant-derived insecticide. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 171:150-157. [PMID: 33418039 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The cytochrome P450 monooxygenases of insects play crucial roles in the metabolic detoxification of insecticides. Our previous finding showed that two cytochrome P450 genes, both CYP301B1 and CYP6AX1v2, in the BPH underwent overexpression due to β-asarone. In this study, we investigated the molecular characteristics, expression patterns and functions of these two cytochrome P450 genes. The results showed that CYP301B1 had the highest expression level in the eggs, while CYP6AX1v2 was expressed in macropterous female adults. Moreover, the expression level of CYP301B1 in the head was higher than that in the integument, fat body and gut. The expression level of CYP6AX1v2 in the fat body and gut was higher than that in head and integument. Importantly, silencing CYP301B1 and CYP6AX1v2 separately could increase the sensitivity, resulting in significant higher mortality of BPH following treatment with β-asarone. Our findings indicated that CYP301B1 and CYP6AX1v2 could contribute to the resistance of BPH to β-asarone, and these two genes may be involved in the detoxification metabolism of β-asarone in BPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueliang Xu
- Applied Agricultural Micro-organism Research, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, China; Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiang Li
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Zirong Liu
- Applied Agricultural Micro-organism Research, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, China
| | - Fenshan Wang
- Applied Agricultural Micro-organism Research, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, China
| | - Linjuan Fan
- Applied Agricultural Micro-organism Research, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, China
| | - Caiyun Wu
- Applied Agricultural Micro-organism Research, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, China
| | - Yingjuan Yao
- Applied Agricultural Micro-organism Research, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, China.
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Kariyanna B, Prabhuraj A, Asokan R, Agrawal A, Gandhi Gracy R, Jyoti P, Venkatesan T, Bheemanna M, Kalmath B, Diwan JR, Pampanna Y, Mohan M. Genome Mining and Expression Analysis of Carboxylesterase and Glutathione S-Transferase Genes Involved in Insecticide Resistance in Eggplant Shoot and Fruit Borer, Leucinodes orbonalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). Front Physiol 2020; 11:594845. [PMID: 33329043 PMCID: PMC7713791 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.594845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) is the major cause of low productivity in eggplant and insecticides being the mainstay of management of L. orbonalis. However, field control failures are widespread due to the evolution of insecticide resistance. Taking advantage of the whole genome sequence information, the present study investigated the level of insecticide resistance and the expression pattern of individual carboxylesterase (CE) and glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) genes in various field collected populations of L. orbonalis. Dose-mortality bioassays revealed a very high level of resistance development against fenvalerate (48.2–160-fold), phosalone (94-534.6-fold), emamectin benzoate (7.2–55-fold), thiodicarb (9.64–22.7-fold), flubendiamide (187.4–303.0-fold), and chlorantraniliprole (1.6–8.6-fold) in field populations as compared to laboratory-reared susceptible iso-female colony (Lo-S). Over-production of detoxification enzymes viz., CE and GST were evident upon enzyme assays. Mining of the draft genome of L. orbonalis yielded large number of genes potentially belonging to the CE and GST gene families with known history of insecticide resistance in other insects. Subsequent RT-qPCR studies on relative contribution of individual genes revealed over-expression of numerous GSTs and few CEs in field populations, indicating their possible involvement of metabolic enzymes in insecticide resistance. The genomic information will facilitate the development of novel resistance management strategies against this pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Kariyanna
- Department of Agricultural Entomology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, India.,ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru, India
| | - A Prabhuraj
- Department of Agricultural Entomology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, India
| | - R Asokan
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - A Agrawal
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru, India
| | - R Gandhi Gracy
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru, India
| | - P Jyoti
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru, India
| | - T Venkatesan
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru, India
| | - M Bheemanna
- Department of Agricultural Entomology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, India
| | - B Kalmath
- Department of Agricultural Entomology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, India
| | - J R Diwan
- Department of Genetics and Breeding, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, India
| | - Y Pampanna
- Department of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, India
| | - M Mohan
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru, India
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46
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Ullah F, Gul H, Tariq K, Desneux N, Gao X, Song D. Functional analysis of cytochrome P450 genes linked with acetamiprid resistance in melon aphid, Aphis gossypii. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 170:104687. [PMID: 32980055 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2020.104687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) are highly conserved multifunctional enzymes that play crucial roles in insecticide resistance development. In this study, the molecular mechanisms of P450s in acetamiprid resistance development to melon aphid, Aphis gossypii was investigated. Acetamiprid resistant (32.64-fold resistance) population (Ace-R) of A. gossypii was established by continuous selection with acetamiprid for 24 generations. Quantitative Real Time PCR was carried out to analyze the expression of P450 genes in both acetamiprid resistant (Ace-R) and susceptible (Ace-S) strains. Result showed that nine genes (CYP6CY14, CYP6DC1, CYP6CZ1, CYP6DD1, CYP6CY5, CYP6CY9, CYP6DA1, CYP6CY18, and CYP6CY16) of CYP3 clade, four genes (CYP302A1, CYP315A1, CYP301A1, and CYP314A1) of CYP2 clade, two genes (CYP4CK1, CYP4G51) of CYP4 clade and three genes (CYP306A1, CYP305E1, CYP307A1) of mitochondrial clade (Mito clad) were significantly up-regulated, in Ace-R compared to Ace-S strain. Whilst CYP4CJ2 gene from (CYP4 clade) was significantly down-regulated in Ace-R strain. Furthermore, RNA interference-mediated knockdown of CYP6CY14, CYP6DC1, and CYP6CZ1 genes significantly increased the sensitivity of Ace-R strain to acetamiprid. Taken together, this study showed that P450 genes especially CYP6CY14, CYP6DC1 and CYP6CZ1 are potentially involved in acetamiprid resistance development in A. gossypii. This study could be useful to understand the molecular basis of acetamiprid resistance mechanism in A. gossypii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farman Ullah
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Hina Gul
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Kaleem Tariq
- Department of Agriculture Entomology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan; Entomology and Nematology Department, Steinmetz Hall, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - Nicolas Desneux
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, UMR ISA, 06000 Nice, France
| | - Xiwu Gao
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Dunlun Song
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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47
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Prado FSRD, Dos Santos DM, de Almeida Oliveira TM, Micheletti Burgarelli JA, Castele JB, Vieira EM. Determination and uptake of abamectin and difenoconazole in the stingless bee Melipona scutellaris Latreille, 1811 via oral and topic acute exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 265:114313. [PMID: 32806434 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Bees are considered as important providers of ecosystem services, acting via pollination process in crops and native plants, and contributing significantly to the maintenance of biodiversity. However, the decrease of bee's population has been observed worldwide and besides other factors, this collapse is also related to the extensive use of pesticides. In this sense, studies involving the assessment of adverse effects and the uptake of pesticides by bees are of great concern. This work presents an analytical method for the determination of the insecticide abamectin and the fungicide difenoconazole in the stingless bee Melipona scutellaris exposed via oral and topic to endpoints concentrations of active ingredients (a.i.) alone and in commercial formulations and the discussion about its mortality and uptake. For this purpose, QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Efficient, Rugged and Safe) acetate modified method was used for extraction and pesticides were determined by LC-MS/MS. The validation parameters have included: a linear range between 0.01 and 1.00 μg mL-1; and LOD and LOQ of 0.038 and 0.076 μg g-1 for abamectin and difenoconazole, respectively. The uptake of tested pesticides via oral and topic was verified by the accumulation in adult forager bees, mainly when the commercial product was tested. Mortality was observed to be higher in oral exposure than in topic tests for both pesticides. For abamectin in a commercial formulation (a.i.) no differences were observed for oral or topic exposure. On the other hand, for difenoconazole, topic exposure had demonstrated higher accumulation in bees, according to the increase of received dose. Through the results, uptake and the possible consequences of bioaccumulated pesticides are also discussed and can contribute to the knowledge about the risks involving the exposure of bees to these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Janete Brigante Castele
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil; São Carlos Engineering School, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Eny Maria Vieira
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil.
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48
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McLeman A, Troczka BJ, Homem RA, Duarte A, Zimmer C, Garrood WT, Pym A, Beadle K, Reid RJ, Douris V, Vontas J, Davies TGE, Ffrench Constant R, Nauen R, Bass C. Fly-Tox: A panel of transgenic flies expressing pest and pollinator cytochrome P450s. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 169:104674. [PMID: 32828379 PMCID: PMC7482442 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2020.104674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
There is an on-going need to develop new insecticides that are not compromised by resistance and that have improved environmental profiles. However, the cost of developing novel compounds has increased significantly over the last two decades. This is in part due to increased regulatory requirements, including the need to screen both pest and pollinator insect species to ensure that pre-existing resistance will not hamper the efficacy of a new insecticide via cross-resistance, or adversely affect non-target insect species. To add to this problem the collection and maintenance of toxicologically relevant pest and pollinator species and strains is costly and often difficult. Here we present Fly-Tox, a panel of publicly available transgenic Drosophila melanogaster lines each containing one or more pest or pollinator P450 genes that have been previously shown to metabolise insecticides. We describe the range of ways these tools can be used, including in predictive screens to avoid pre-existing cross-resistance, to identify potential resistance-breaking inhibitors, in the initial assessment of potential insecticide toxicity to bee pollinators, and identifying harmful pesticide-pesticide interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy McLeman
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall, UK
| | - Bartlomiej J Troczka
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall, UK.
| | - Rafael A Homem
- Department of Biointeractions and Crop Protection, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, UK
| | - Ana Duarte
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall, UK
| | - Christoph Zimmer
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall, UK
| | - William T Garrood
- Department of Biointeractions and Crop Protection, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, UK
| | - Adam Pym
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall, UK
| | - Katherine Beadle
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall, UK
| | - Rebecca J Reid
- Department of Biointeractions and Crop Protection, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, UK
| | - Vassilis Douris
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Foundation for Research & Technology Hellas, Crete, Greece; Department of Biological Applications and Technology, University of Ioannina,45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - John Vontas
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Foundation for Research & Technology Hellas, Crete, Greece; Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - T G Emyr Davies
- Department of Biointeractions and Crop Protection, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, UK
| | - Richard Ffrench Constant
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall, UK
| | - Ralf Nauen
- Bayer AG, Crop Science Division, R&D, Alfred Nobel-Strasse 50, 40789.Monheim, Germany
| | - Chris Bass
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall, UK.
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49
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Wang K, Liu M, Wang Y, Song W, Tang P. Identification and functional analysis of cytochrome P450 CYP346 family genes associated with phosphine resistance in Tribolium castaneum. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 168:104622. [PMID: 32711762 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2020.104622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Resistance to phosphine fumigation has been frequently reported in insect pests of stored products and remains one of the obstacles in controlling these pests, including Tribolium castaneum. In this study, six field populations of T. castaneum were collected from different localities in China. Bioassay data showed that SZ population was strongly resistant to phosphine, followed by moderate-resistance populations WL and SF and three susceptible populations JX, YN, and ML. In addition, synergism assays showed that piperonyl butoxide significantly increased the toxicity of phosphine in resistant population SZ. Furthermore, CYP346B subfamily genes, CYP346B1, CYP346B2, and CYP346B3, were significantly overexpressed in resistant populations. Expression of CYP346B1, CYP346B2, and CYP346B3 were significantly upregulated following exposure to phosphine. RNAi assays showed that depletions on the expression levels of CYP346B1, CYP346B2, and CYP346B3 resulted in an increase of susceptibility to phosphine in T. castaneum, respectively. Our data demonstrated that CYP346B subfamily genes in T. castaneum were associated with the resistance of phosphine. Moreover, the study also increased our understanding of the molecular basis of phosphine resistance in stored pest insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangxu Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Manwen Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yazhou Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Song
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peian Tang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China.
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50
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Kariyanna B, Prabhuraj A, Asokan R, Ramkumar G, Venkatesan T, Gracy RG, Mohan M. Genome mining and functional analysis of cytochrome P450 genes involved in insecticide resistance in Leucinodes orbonalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2020; 68:971-982. [PMID: 32744379 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Genome-wide analysis of cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (CYP) genes from the advanced genome project of the Leucinodes orbonalis and the expression analysis provided significant information about the metabolism-mediated insecticide resistance. A total of 72 putative CYP genes were identified from the genome and transcriptome of L. orbonalis. The genes were classified under 30 families and 46 subfamilies based on the standard nomenclature. In the present study, a novel CYP gene, CYP324F1, was identified and it has not been reported from any other living system so far. Biochemical assays showed enhanced titers (5.81-18.5-fold) of O-demethylase of CYP in five field-collected populations. We selected 34 homologous CYP gene sequences, seemed to be involved in insecticide resistance for primer design and quantitative real-time PCR studies. Among the many overexpressed genes (>10 fold), the expression levels of CYP324F1 and CYP306A1 were prominent across all the field populations as compared with the susceptible iso-female line. Oral delivery of ds-CYP324F1 and ds-CYP306A1 directed against CYP324F1 and CYP306A1 to the larvae of one of the insecticide resistance populations caused reduced expression of these two transcripts in a dose-dependent manner (53.4%-85.0%). It appears that the increased titer of O-demethylase is the result of increased transcription level of CYP genes in resistant populations. The data provide insight for identifying the novel resistance management strategies against L. orbonalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bheeranna Kariyanna
- University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, Karnataka, India.,ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Ramasamy Asokan
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | | | | | - Ramasamy G Gracy
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Muthugounder Mohan
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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