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Alu'datt MH, Rababah T, Al-Ali S, Tranchant CC, Gammoh S, Alrosan M, Kubow S, Tan TC, Ghatasheh S. Current perspectives on fenugreek bioactive compounds and their potential impact on human health: A review of recent insights into functional foods and other high value applications. J Food Sci 2024; 89:1835-1864. [PMID: 38407443 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Despite long-standing uses in several food and medicine traditions, the full potential of the leguminous crop fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) remains to be realized in the modern diet. Not only its seeds, which are highly prized for their culinary and medicinal properties, but also its leaves and stems abound in phytochemicals with high nutritional and health promoting attributes. Fenugreek dual food-medicine applications and reported metabolic activities include hypoglycemic, antihyperlipidemic, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antiatherogenic, antihypertensive, anticarcinogenic, immunomodulatory, and antinociceptive effects, with potential organ-protective effects at the cardiovascular, digestive, hepatic, endocrine, and central nervous system levels. Effectiveness in alleviating certain inflammatory skin conditions and dysfunctions of the reproductive system was also suggested. As a food ingredient, fenugreek can enhance the sensory, nutritional, and nutraceutical qualities of a wide variety of foods. Its high nutritive density can assist with the design of dietary items that meet the demand for novelty, variety, and healthier foods. Its seeds provide essential protective nutrients and other bioactive compounds, notably galactomannans, flavonoids, coumarins, saponins, alkaloids, and essential oils, whose health benefits, alone or in conjunction with other bioactives, are only beginning to be tapped into in the food industries. This review summarizes the current state of evidence on fenugreek potential for functional food development, focusing on the nutrients and non-nutrient bioactive components of interest from a dietary perspective, and their applications for enhancing the functional and nutraceutical value of foods and beverages. New developments, safety, clinical evidence, presumed mechanisms of action, and future perspectives are discussed. HIGHLIGHTS: Fenugreek seeds and leaves have long-standing uses in the food-medicine continuum. Fenugreek phytochemicals exert broad-spectrum biological and pharmacological activities. They show high preventive and nutraceutical potential against common chronic diseases. Current evidence supports multiple mechanisms of action mediated by distinct bioactives. Opportunities for fenugreek-based functional foods and nutraceuticals are expanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad H Alu'datt
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Life Sciences, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Taha Rababah
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Saleh Al-Ali
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Life Sciences, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Carole C Tranchant
- School of Food Science, Nutrition and Family Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences and Community Services, Université de Moncton, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Sana Gammoh
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Mohammad Alrosan
- Food Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, George Town, Penang, Malaysia
- Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Stan Kubow
- School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Thuan-Chew Tan
- Food Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, George Town, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Salsabeel Ghatasheh
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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Cantero-Bahillo E, Navarro del Hierro J, de las Nieves Siles-Sánchez M, Jaime L, Santoyo S, Martin D. Combination of Fenugreek and Quinoa Husk as Sources of Steroidal and Triterpenoid Saponins: Bioactivity of Their Co-Extracts and Hydrolysates. Foods 2024; 13:562. [PMID: 38397539 PMCID: PMC10888084 DOI: 10.3390/foods13040562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Saponins, both steroidal and triterpenoid, exhibit distinct bioactivities. However, they are not commonly found together in natural sources; instead, sources tend to be rich in one type or another and mainly in the form of saponins rather than the sapogenin aglycones. Developing co-extracts containing both saponin or sapogenin types would be a strategy to harness their respective bioactivities, yielding multibioactive extracts. Therefore, this study evaluates the bioactivity (hypolipidemic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities) of co-extracts from fenugreek seeds (steroidal-rich saponins) and quinoa husk (triterpenoid-rich saponins), co-extracted at varying proportions, alongside their respective sapogenin-rich hydrolysates. Pancreatic lipase inhibition increased with fenugreek content in co-extracts, especially in sapogenin-rich variants. The latter substantially interfered with cholesterol bioaccessibility (90% vs. 15% in sapogenin-rich extracts). Saponin-rich co-extracts exhibited reduced cytokine release with increased fenugreek content, while sapogenin-rich counterparts showed greater reductions with higher quinoa husk content. Limited cellular antioxidant activities were observed in all extracts, with improved post-hydrolysis bioactivity. Therefore, simultaneous co-extraction of steroidal and triterpenoid sources, such as fenugreek and quinoa husk, as well as their subsequent hydrolysis, are innovative strategies for obtaining multibioactive natural extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Cantero-Bahillo
- Sección Departamental de Ciencias de la Alimentación, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (E.C.-B.); (M.d.l.N.S.-S.); (L.J.); (S.S.); (D.M.)
- Departamento de Producción y Caracterización de Nuevos Alimentos, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquín Navarro del Hierro
- Departamento de Producción y Caracterización de Nuevos Alimentos, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Sección Departamental de Tecnología Alimentaria, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María de las Nieves Siles-Sánchez
- Sección Departamental de Ciencias de la Alimentación, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (E.C.-B.); (M.d.l.N.S.-S.); (L.J.); (S.S.); (D.M.)
- Departamento de Producción y Caracterización de Nuevos Alimentos, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Jaime
- Sección Departamental de Ciencias de la Alimentación, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (E.C.-B.); (M.d.l.N.S.-S.); (L.J.); (S.S.); (D.M.)
- Departamento de Producción y Caracterización de Nuevos Alimentos, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Santoyo
- Sección Departamental de Ciencias de la Alimentación, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (E.C.-B.); (M.d.l.N.S.-S.); (L.J.); (S.S.); (D.M.)
- Departamento de Producción y Caracterización de Nuevos Alimentos, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Diana Martin
- Sección Departamental de Ciencias de la Alimentación, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (E.C.-B.); (M.d.l.N.S.-S.); (L.J.); (S.S.); (D.M.)
- Departamento de Producción y Caracterización de Nuevos Alimentos, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
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Shaukat TM, Omer MO, Javeed A, Rehman HU, Shaukat TM. Isolation of alkaloidal and glycosidal fractions from leaves of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. cv. Desi indigenous to Pakistan for antiprostaglandin evaluation as substitute of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 317:116730. [PMID: 37336337 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Trigonella foenum graecum (fenugreek) has been in use for a long time as a traditional medicine and natural food additive. The reported gastro-protective property makes it unique among other herbs. Seeds and leaves have been shown to exert significant antiatherogenic, antidiabetic, antianorexic, antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, antihyperlipidemic, galactogogue and anti-inflammatory effects in several animal and human models. But its use as a substitute for ulcerative nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs needs to be confirmed. AIM OF THE STUDY Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are in common use in treating inflammation associated with a variety of ailments, fever and pain such as menstrual cramps, back pain, arthritic pain and headaches. Their toxicity profile includes the risk of severe gastro-intestinal adverse events like increased bleeding tendency, ulceration, perforation, etc. Conventional NSAIDs have also been reported to reduce the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) by affecting afferent arterioles in nephrons. Exacerbated potassium levels were noted in patients using NSAIDs concomitantly with antihypertensive drugs belonging to the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) classes. In this context, the need of the hour is to discover and isolate new compounds from the reported medicinal plants for evaluation of antiprostaglandin potential and safety profile in terms of the hepato-renal system. These compounds may be used as substitutes for NSAIDs in the future management of inflammation and pain with therapeutic equivalency and organ safety. In this scenario, the present study aimed to assess the antiprostaglandin potential of alkaloidal and glycosidal fractions from the leaves of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. cv. Desi variety, indigenous to Pakistan, in albino mice along with safety profile. The herb has been used as folk medicine since ancient times for treating inflammation and pain. MATERIAL AND METHODS Alkaloidal and glycosidal fractions were separated from a methanol extract of leaves of the fenugreek Desi variety. After separation of fractions, their subsiding effects on carrageenan-induced inflammation, air pouch exudate prostaglandin-E2 levels, Brewer's yeast induced pyrexia and acetic acid induced abdominal constrictions were assessed in adult male albino mice. The safety profile of fractions was assessed by measuring their effects on mice sera hepato-renal biomarkers. RESULT Alkaloidal fraction of T. foenum Desi variety was found to be significantly effective in reducing inflammation, air pouch exudate PGE2 levels, fever (≤37 °C) and pain by inhibiting writhes (up to 96.58%) Gradual inhibition of paw edema was observed 1-6 h post-dose, with maximum reduction percentages of 62.82% and 62.57% for 100 mg and 200 mg, respectively. Both fractions did not disturb the normal physiology of the hepato-renal system by showing normal biomarker values. CONCLUSION In summary, the results demonstrate the potent antiprostaglandin potential of the alkaloidal fraction of gastroprotective fenugreek "Desi" leaves with hepato-renal system safety and hence justify its use as a substitute for ulcerative nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Mahmood Shaukat
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Ovais Omer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Aqeel Javeed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Habib Ur Rehman
- Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Mahmood Shaukat
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
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Lin PH, Chen ZW, Liu JY, Ye JC. Dietary supplementation of Ocimum gratissimum improves growth performance and immune response in broilers under high ambient temperature. J Anim Sci 2023; 101:skad212. [PMID: 37348050 PMCID: PMC10430788 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skad212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Ocimum gratissimum (OG) was found to have immunity boosting effect on Taiwan country chickens and broiler chickens raised in moderate ambient temperature in previous studies, and the current study investigates its potential on the growth performance, blood traits, intestinal traits, and immune responses in Ross 308 broilers raised in high ambient temperature which can induce mild heat-stress (26 to 33 ˚C, average 30 ˚C). Two hundred 1-d-old male/female chicks were randomly assigned to a control group, three OG (1 g/kg, 3 g/kg, and 5 g/kg)/basal diet groups, and one Amoxicillin group. Data collected during the experiment indicated that the weight gain increase of 1742 g/bird to 1815 g/bird comparing control to 5 g/kg OG supplementation was statistically significant. In addition, the production efficiency factor was also noticeably increased by OG, particularly in the 5 g/kg group, and the uric acid levels were decreased in the 3 and 5 g/kg OG groups (from 4.26 to 2.91 and 2.90 mg/dL, respectively), indicating heat-stress alleviation was observed. Several areas of the carcass saw desirable growth changes, including the increase of breast muscle ratio observed in the 5 g/kg OG group, an overall decrease in abdominal fat in all OG groups, as well as dimensional changes in several areas of the digestive system. Lastly, the hemaglutination, hemaglutination inhibition, and phytohemaglutinin tests indicated elevated immuno-response in all OG groups. In conclusion, OG has exhibited the ability to alleviate symptoms of mild heat-stress, leading to improvement of the digestive organ development and increase of carcass mass and mean weight gain for birds, and we find OG to be a potentially beneficial feed supplement for poultry raising in high ambient temperature conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Hung Lin
- Department of Animal Science, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Zheng-Wen Chen
- Department of Animal Science, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Yuh Liu
- Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Je-Chiuan Ye
- Department of Bachelor’s Degree Program for Indigenous Peoples in Senior Health and Care Management, National Taitung University, Taitung, Taiwan
- Master Program in Biomedical Science, National Taitung University, Taitung, Taiwan
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Foroumandi E, Javan R, Moayed L, Fahimi H, Kheirabadi F, Neamatshahi M, Shogofteh F, Zarghi A. The effects of fenugreek seed extract supplementation in patients with Alzheimer's disease: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Phytother Res 2023; 37:285-294. [PMID: 36199177 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the current randomized control trial (RCT) study was to investigate the effects of fenugreek seed extract on memory, depression, quality of life, blood pressure, and serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels in adult AD patients. This randomized clinical trial was conducted in geriatric homes in Iran. The study participants included 82 AD patients with mild-to-moderate memory deficit. Patients in the intervention group received 5 cc of fenugreek seed extract for 4 months and subjects in the control group received a placebo. Memory, depression, quality of life, and BP levels, as well as serum MDA and TAC, were assessed before and after the intervention. There was a significant increase in serum levels of TAC (p < 0.001) and a reduction in serum MDA status (p < 0.001) after 4 months of fenugreek seed extract supplementation. In addition, increasing levels of memory (p < 0.001) and quality of life (p < 0.001), as well as reduction of depression (p = 0.002), systolic BP (p < 0.001), and diastolic BP (p < 0.001) levels were detected in the intervention group compared with baseline. Fenugreek seed extract supplementation in AD patients shows promising positive effects on memory, quality of life, BP, and selective oxidative indices levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaheh Foroumandi
- Iranian Research Center on Healthy Aging, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.,Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Roghayeh Javan
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Leili Moayed
- M.Sc. Geriatric Nursing, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Hossein Fahimi
- Assistant Professor of Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Kheirabadi
- Rehabilitation Counseling Charity Foundation Mother's Nursing Home, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Mahboubeh Neamatshahi
- Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Fazeleh Shogofteh
- Department of Medical Nursing, School of Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azam Zarghi
- M.Sc. in Nursing Care, Non- Communicable Diseases Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
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Sirasanagandla SR, Al-Huseini I, Sakr H, Moqadass M, Das S, Juliana N, Abu IF. Natural Products in Mitigation of Bisphenol A Toxicity: Future Therapeutic Use. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175384. [PMID: 36080155 PMCID: PMC9457803 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a ubiquitous environmental toxin with deleterious endocrine-disrupting effects. It is widely used in producing epoxy resins, polycarbonate plastics, and polyvinyl chloride plastics. Human beings are regularly exposed to BPA through inhalation, ingestion, and topical absorption routes. The prevalence of BPA exposure has considerably increased over the past decades. Previous research studies have found a plethora of evidence of BPA’s harmful effects. Interestingly, even at a lower concentration, this industrial product was found to be harmful at cellular and tissue levels, affecting various body functions. A noble and possible treatment could be made plausible by using natural products (NPs). In this review, we highlight existing experimental evidence of NPs against BPA exposure-induced adverse effects, which involve the body’s reproductive, neurological, hepatic, renal, cardiovascular, and endocrine systems. The review also focuses on the targeted signaling pathways of NPs involved in BPA-induced toxicity. Although potential molecular mechanisms underlying BPA-induced toxicity have been investigated, there is currently no specific targeted treatment for BPA-induced toxicity. Hence, natural products could be considered for future therapeutic use against adverse and harmful effects of BPA exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasa Rao Sirasanagandla
- Department of Human and Clinical Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman
| | - Isehaq Al-Huseini
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman
| | - Hussein Sakr
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman
| | - Marzie Moqadass
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman
| | - Srijit Das
- Department of Human and Clinical Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman
- Correspondence: or
| | - Norsham Juliana
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
| | - Izuddin Fahmy Abu
- Institute of Medical Science Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur 50250, Malaysia
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Enhanced recovery of bioactive compounds from Trigonella-foenum graecum seeds by ultrasonic-assisted extraction. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-021-01240-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Kandil NH, Ayoub IM, El-Ahmady SH, El-Moghazy SA. Advances in the quality control of fenugreek seeds using chromatographic, spectroscopic and DNA-based techniques: A comprehensive review. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2022; 33:155-169. [PMID: 34672396 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Fenugreek has been used in traditional remedies since ancient times. It has a long history of use against medical ailments as an antidiabetic, anticarcinogenic, hypocholesterolemic, antioxidant, antibacterial, hypoglycemic, gastric stimulant, and anti-anorexia agent. The major active constituents include alkaloids, fibres, saponins, proteins, and amino acids. OBJECTIVES To provide a comprehensive overview of the application of chromatographic and spectroscopic methods, in addition to DNA-profiling methods to assess the quality of fenugreek. Also, to highlight the recent application of chemometrics combined with quality control methods during the last two decades. METHODOLOGY A literature search conducted from January 2000 up to December 2020 using various scientific databases (e.g., Scopus, Medline, PubMed, EBSCO, JSTOR, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Web of Science and Egyptian Knowledge Bank, Academic Journals, and Springer Link); general web searches were also undertaken using Google applying some related search terms. Studies involving the application of quality control analyses were classified into three categories according to the conducted analysis method including chromatographic [high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC), and gas chromatography (GC)], spectroscopic [ultraviolet (UV), infrared (IR), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)], and DNA-based markers. RESULTS This review shed the light on relevant studies covering the past two decades, presenting the application of spectroscopic and chromatographic methods and DNA profiling in the quality control of fenugreek. CONCLUSION The reviewed chromatographic and spectroscopic methods combined with chemometrics provide a powerful tool that could be applied widely for the quality control of fenugreek.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nariman H Kandil
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Iriny M Ayoub
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sherweit H El-Ahmady
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Safaa A El-Moghazy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
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Abu-Zaid AA, Al-Barty A, Morsy K, Hamdi H. In vitro study of antimicrobial activity of some plant seeds against bacterial strains causing food poisoning diseases. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 82:e256409. [PMID: 34852157 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.256409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In this research, some plant seeds powder was evaluated to find their potential effect to rule diseases of food poisoning. Antimicrobial effect of five plant seeds was examined contra Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella. pneumonia and Candida albicans by using well diffusion method. Antimicrobial activity studies revealed high potential activity of plant seeds powder of Nigella sativa L., cucurbita pepo, Sesamum radiatum, Trigonella foenum-graecum, Linum usitatissimum with variable efficiency contra tested microbial strains with concentration of 100 mg/ml, except Sesamum radiatum scored no effect. The T. foenum and N. sativa seed powder showed the largest inhibition zone (24-20 mm) contra K. pneumonia, followed by S. aureus (20-18 mm) and C. albicans (15mm) respectively. The five plant seeds powder exhibited bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects with MIC's 20 and MBC 40 mg/ml against K. pneumonia, and MIC's 40 and MBC 60 mg/ml against S. aureus. The results of this study indicated that plants seeds powder have promising antimicrobial activities and their potential applications in food process. It could be utilized as a natural medicinal alternative instead of chemical substance.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Abu-Zaid
- Taif University, Alkhurmah University College, Department of Biology, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Al-Barty
- Taif University, College of Science, Department of Biology, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - K Morsy
- Cairo University, Faculty of Science, Zoology Department, Cairo, Egypt.,King Khalid University, College of Science, Biology Department, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - H Hamdi
- Taif University, College of Science, Department of Biology, Taif, Saudi Arabia
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Khaled Abd-Elhaleim El Azazy M, Kamel Mohamed EA, Ismail Abo El-Fadl HM, Abd El-Razik FH, Abu Elfotuh K. Omega-3 Rich Oils Attenuate ADHD-Like Behaviour Induced by Dietary Monosodium Glutamate in Rats. Pak J Biol Sci 2021; 24:868-880. [PMID: 34486354 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2021.868.880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
<b>Background and Objective:</b> Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattention, hyperactivity and cognitive dysfunction. The present study was designed to examine the possible modulatory effect of Fish, Walnuts or Fenugreek Oils against Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)-like Behavior induced by Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) in Rats. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Fifty weaning rats were divided into five groups, (each group contain 10 rats) as follows: Group 1: Normal control rats were fed on a balanced diet. Groups from 2-5 rats were fed on a balanced diet+MSG (0.4 g kg<sup></sup><sup>1</sup> diet), Group 2 served as a positive control group whereas group 3, 4 and 5 treated with Fish, Walnuts and Fenugreek oil, respectively, (200 mg kg<sup></sup><sup>1</sup> b.wt.) by intra-gastric tube. Biochemical and behavioural parameters were tested as well as microscopic examination of brain tissue was done. <b>Results:</b> MSG ingestion caused marked disruption in locomotors activity, memory function and brain tissue structure along with significant abnormalities in some bio-markers and reduction in the gene expression level of Bcl-2 in brain tissue. However, treatment with the tested oils showed remarkable effect by reversing the condition. <b>Conclusion:</b> Dietary supplementation with walnut; fenugreek or fish oils at the tested dose could modulate the condition of ADHD in rats.
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Schreiner TB, Colucci G, Santamaria-Echart A, Fernandes IP, Dias MM, Pinho SP, Barreiro MF. Evaluation of saponin-rich extracts as natural alternative emulsifiers: A comparative study with pure Quillaja Bark saponin. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Comparative analysis on bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of Algerian fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) and Syrian cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) seeds. HERBA POLONICA 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/hepo-2021-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Summary
Introduction: Natural products represent a gold mine for scientists looking for compounds for the treatment of health problems and diseases with their different biological and pharmacological activities. However, recent research is focused on finding natural sources of antioxidants.
Objective: The objective of current research was to determine the phytochemical profile of Algerian fenu-greek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.), and Syrian cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) seeds in order to characterize their phenolic compounds and to determine their antioxidant activities.
Methods: Total phenolic, flavonoids, condensed and hydrolysable tannins contents were quantified using Folin-Ciocalteu, aluminium chloride, vanillin and ferric chloride methods, respectively. Phenolic compounds were identified by HPLC method and antioxidant activity was measured using DPPH assay.
Results: The higher amounts of total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, condensed and hydrolysable tannins were given by fenugreek. Results of HPLC analysis of our plants showed that eight phytochemical compounds were found in cumin extract, and seven molecules in fenugreek extract. Moreover, fenugreek possessed higher antioxidant activity.
Conclusion: This study confirmed that our plants are a good source of phenolic contents and possess a high antioxidant activity.
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Dębski H, Wiczkowski W, Horbowicz M. Effect of Elicitation with Iron Chelate and Sodium Metasilicate on Phenolic Compounds in Legume Sprouts. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26051345. [PMID: 33802449 PMCID: PMC7959454 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Seven-day-old sprouts of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.), lentil (Lens culinaris L.), and alfalfa (Medicagosativa L.) were studied. The legume seeds and then sprouts were soaked each day for 30 min during 6 days with water (control) or mixture of Fe-EDTA and sodium silicate (Optysil), or sodium silicate (Na-Sil) alone. Germination and sprout growing was carried out at temperature 20 ± 2 °C in 16/8 h (day/night) conditions. Phenolic compounds (free, ester, and glycosides) content were determined by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS using a multiple reaction monitoring of selected ions. Flavonoids and phenolic acids were released from their esters after acid hydrolysis and from glycosides by alkaline hydrolysis. The presence and high content of (−)-epicatechin (EC) in fenugreek sprouts was demonstrated for the first time. Applied elicitors decreased the level of free EC in fenugreek and alfalfa sprouts but enhanced the content of its esters. Besides, elicitors decreased the content of quercetin glycosides in lentil and fenugreek sprouts but increased the content of quercetin and apigenin glycosides in alfalfa sprouts. The applied elicitors decreased the glycoside levels of most phenolic acids in lentil and p-hydroxybenzoic acid in fenugreek, while they increased the content of this acid in alfalfa. The mixture of iron chelate and sodium silicate had less effect on changes in flavonoid and phenolic acid content in legume sprouts than silicate alone. In general, the used elicitors increased the content of total phenolic compounds in fenugreek and alfalfa sprouts and decreased the content in lentil sprouts. Among the evaluated elicitors, Optysil seems to be worth recommending due to the presence of iron chelate, which can be used to enrich sprouts with this element.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henryk Dębski
- Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Prusa 14, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland;
| | - Wiesław Wiczkowski
- Department of Chemistry and Biodynamics of Food, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Marcin Horbowicz
- Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Prusa 14, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-25-643-1232
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Idris S, Mishra A, Khushtar M. Recent Therapeutic Interventions of Fenugreek Seed: A Mechanistic Approach. Drug Res (Stuttg) 2020; 71:180-192. [PMID: 33378775 DOI: 10.1055/a-1320-0479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Fenugreek seeds have widespread relations with Ayurveda, Unani, and Arabic medicine. The seeds were useful for the treatment and prevention of different ailments. Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) or methi is from the Leguminosae family and are primarily known for its anti-diabetic and hypocholesterolemic activities. The germinated fenugreek seeds were used in the treatment of E.coli infection in Germany and France. The important phytoconstituents responsible for such medicinal applications are saponins, polyunsaturated fatty acids, galactomannans, trigonelline, and 4-hydroxy isoleucine. Flavonoids, apigenin 6,8-di-C-glucoside, apigenin-6-C-glucosyl-8-C-galactoside, 6-Cgalactosyl- 8-C-arabinoside are the chief ingredients of fenugreek seeds; responsible for reducing blood glucose while given to diabetic rats, whereas important flavones are epigenin, luteolin and vitexin. The other major bioactive components in fenugreek seeds are polyphenols like rhaponticin and isovitexin. Fenugreek seeds contain phosphorus and are categorized into different classes such as inorganic phosphorus, phospholipids, phytates, phosphor-proteins, and nucleic acid. Germinated seeds profusely filled with amino acids with amino acids, proteins, ascorbic acid, sugars. Further, this review shares information about the recent therapeutic intervention not covered earlier; on in vivo and in vitro and some clinical applications against certain interesting ailments other than older applications. This review includes certain nano delivery systems of Fenugreek seeds and their medicinal application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Idris
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Anuradha Mishra
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Md Khushtar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
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Al-Homidan I, Ebeid T, Al-Muzaini A, Abou-Emera O, Mostafa M, Fathi M. Impact of dietary fenugreek, mung bean, and garden cress on growth performance, carcass traits, blood measurements, and immune response in broiler chickens. Livest Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2020.104318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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16
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Sharma P, Sharma A, Rasane P, Dey A, Choudhury A, Singh J, Kaur S, Dhawan K, Kaur D. Optimization of a process for microgreen and fruit-based functional beverage. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2020; 92:e20190596. [PMID: 33111819 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202020190596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Microgreen based functional juice blends containing fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum), kinnow mandarin (Citrus reticulate) and aloe vera (Aloe brobadensis) in different ratios were blended with sorbitol and stevia. The different ratios of juice blends were analyzed for total soluble solids, sedimentation, viscosity and titrable acidity. They were also screened for total phenolic content, total carotenoid content and antioxidant properties such as DPPH, reducing power and metal chelating activity. The formulation with highest TPC, TCC and antioxidant property was selected to optimize a microgreen based functional juice. The optimized microgreen blend formulation had 20 ml 100-1 ml microgreen juice, 40 ml 100-1 ml kinnow juice, 8.5 ml 100-1 ml sorbitol, 1.78 g 100-1 ml stevia and 29.72 ml 100-1 ml aloe vera juice. It had high protein, minerals (sodium and potassium) and vitamin (vitamin C) content as well as good source beta-carotene, phenols and antioxidants. Antioxidant helps in reducing diabetic complications by reducing the oxidative stress and because of their protective action against reactive oxygen species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Sharma
- Lovely Professional University, Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Jalandhar-Delhi, G.T. Road, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Anjali Sharma
- Lovely Professional University, Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Jalandhar-Delhi, G.T. Road, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Prasad Rasane
- Lovely Professional University, Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Jalandhar-Delhi, G.T. Road, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India.,Banaras Hindu University, Department of Dairy Science and Food Technology (Formerly known as Centre of Food Science and Technology), Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anirban Dey
- Lovely Professional University, Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Jalandhar-Delhi, G.T. Road, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India.,Pimpernel Food Products Pvt. Ltd., Nilkantha Sarkar Street Bagbazar, Chandannagar, Hooghly, 712136, West Bengal, India
| | - Asish Choudhury
- Lovely Professional University, Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Jalandhar-Delhi, G.T. Road, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Jyoti Singh
- Lovely Professional University, Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Jalandhar-Delhi, G.T. Road, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Sawinder Kaur
- Lovely Professional University, Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Jalandhar-Delhi, G.T. Road, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Kajal Dhawan
- Lovely Professional University, Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Jalandhar-Delhi, G.T. Road, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Damanpreet Kaur
- Lovely Professional University, Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Jalandhar-Delhi, G.T. Road, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
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Hafeez A, Sohail M, Ahmad A, Shah M, Din S, Khan I, Shuiab M, Nasrullah, Shahzada W, Iqbal M, Khan RU. Selected herbal plants showing enhanced growth performance, ileal digestibility, bone strength and blood metabolites in broilers. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2020.1818569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Hafeez
- Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sohail
- Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Altaf Ahmad
- Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Muqader Shah
- College of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Salahud Din
- Livestock and Dairy Development, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Imad Khan
- College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shuiab
- Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Nasrullah
- Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Walikhan Shahzada
- Ministry of Agriculture, Irrigation and Livestock (MAIL) Kabul-Afghanistan, Veterinary Research Institute, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | | | - Rifat Ullah Khan
- College of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
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Fenugreek ( Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) Seeds Dietary Supplementation Regulates Liver Antioxidant Defense Systems in Aging Mice. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12092552. [PMID: 32846876 PMCID: PMC7551560 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Fenugreek seeds are widely used in Asia and other places of the world for their nutritive and medicinal properties. In Asia, fenugreek seeds are also recommended for geriatric populations. Here, we evaluated for the first time the effect of fenugreek seed feed supplementation on the liver antioxidant defense systems in aging mice. The study was conducted on 12-months aged mice which were given fenugreek seed dietary supplement. We evaluated the activities of various antioxidant defense enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and also estimated the phenolics and free radical scavenging properties in mice liver upon fenugreek supplementation. The estimation of SOD, GPx, and GR activities in aged mice liver revealed a significant (p < 0.01) difference among all the liver enzymes. Overall, this study reveals that fenugreek seed dietary supplementation has a positive effect on the activities of the hepatic antioxidant defense enzymes in the aged mice.
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The Effects of Fenugreek on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Complement Ther Med 2020; 52:102416. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2020.102416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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20
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Khalili Samani S, Ghorbani MR, Fayazi J, Salari S. The effect of different levels of Fenugreek ( Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) powder and extract on performance, egg quality, blood parameters and immune responses of laying hens in second production cycle. VETERINARY RESEARCH FORUM : AN INTERNATIONAL QUARTERLY JOURNAL 2020; 11:53-57. [PMID: 32537107 PMCID: PMC7282217 DOI: 10.30466/vrf.2019.80961.2072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The present study was carried out to determine the effects of fenugreek powder (FP) and extract (FE) on performance, egg quality, blood parameters and immune responses of laying hens. One-hundred and fifty Leghorn laying hens were used in a completely randomized design with five treatments and five replicates for eight weeks. Treatments were various levels of FP and FE including zero (control; T1), 1.00% FP (T2), 2.00% FP (T3), 0.10% FE (T4) and 0.20% FE (T5). The results of this experiment showed that feed intake was increased linearly by the inclusion of FP compared to the control group. Supplementation of laying hens diet with 2.00% FP adversely affected feed conversion ratio (FCR). The FCR was decreased by 0.10% inclusion of FE compared to 0.20%. Egg yolk color was the highest when 1.00% FP added to laying hens diets compared to the other treatments. Serum metabolites and immune responses of laying hens were not affected significantly by fenugreek supplementation. From the results of the present study, it can be concluded that using 1.00% FP can improve feed intake by supporting FCR. Inclusion of 1.00% FP in laying hens diet enhanced egg yolk color of laying hens in the second production cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solmaz Khalili Samani
- Graduated Student, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Technology, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohamad Reza Ghorbani
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Technology, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Jamal Fayazi
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Technology, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Somayyeh Salari
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Technology, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Ahvaz, Iran
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21
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Dhull SB, Kaur M, Sandhu KS. Antioxidant characterization and in vitro DNA damage protection potential of some Indian fenugreek ( Trigonella foenum- graecum) cultivars: effect of solvents. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2020; 57:3457-3466. [PMID: 32728292 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-020-04380-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Indian fenugreek cultivars were characterized for their antioxidant properties and bioactive compounds were quantified using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The extraction efficiencies were compared for two extraction solvents [aqueous ethanol (50%) and methanol]. The bioactive properties studied were total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoids content (TFC), condensed tannin content (CTC), 2,2'-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS+), 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and reducing power activity (RPA). Aqueous ethanol extracts showed higher TPC, TFC, ABTS+, TAC and RPA as compared to methanol. However, methanolic extracts showed higher CTC and DPPH activity. Higher TPC [45.3 and 45.4 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g dry weight basis (dwb)], DPPH (93.0 and 93.2%), ABTS+ (98.3 and 98.5%), RPA [40.9 and 44.9 mg quercetin equivalents (QE)/g dwb], were observed for cv.RMT-143 and cv.RMT-365, respectively. TFC (20.5 mg catechin equivalents (CE)/g dwb) and CTC (9.3 mg CE/g dwb) were found the highest for cv. Kasoori methi. Quantification of phenolic compounds using HPLC revealed higher amount of gallic acid (in Kasoori methi), ascorbic and p-coumaric acid (HM-57), benzoic and cinnamic acid (RMT-143) and catechol (only in RMT-365). Significant (p < 0.05) protection against in vitro plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) (pBR322) oxidative damage was observed for fenugreek extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanju Bala Dhull
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chaudhary Devi Lal University, Sirsa, India
| | - Maninder Kaur
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Kawaljit Singh Sandhu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University, Bathinda, India
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Trigonella foenum-graecum L. Sprouted Seed Extract: Its Chemical HPLC Analysis, Abortive Effect, and Neurodevelopmental Toxicity on Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:1615794. [PMID: 32328121 PMCID: PMC7166263 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1615794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The Trigonella foenum-graecum L. seeds, in a dormant or sprouted state, have been largely investigated for their therapeutic activities such as being antidiabetic, antioxidant, cholesterol-lowering, and as a digestive enhancer too. Nevertheless, there are no studies evaluating the potential developmental toxicity of germinated grains despite the availability of numerous research studies demonstrating the teratogenicity effect of unsprouted seeds. Therefore, this research work was conducted to assess the impact of fenugreek sprouts on maternal and neurobehavioral developmental toxicities on mice. The lyophilized aqueous extract of germinated seeds was administered via oral gavage on a daily basis to five groups of mated female mice throughout pregnancy at doses of 200, 500, 800, and 1000 mg/kg/day and the control group was administered distilled water. Maternal reproductive toxicity was evaluated, and the surviving pups were assessed for their physical development, malformation, and neurobehavioral toxicity by using a battery of tests from birth to the 25th postnatal day. Additionally, the aqueous extract of germinated and ungerminated seeds was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for a comparison of their major compounds. For pregnant treated female mice, no death and no intoxication symptoms have been registered during the test. However, the sprouts' extract has provoked a significant decrease in fertility, spontaneous abortion, pup's mortality, and neurobehavioral disorder in offspring. HPLC analysis reveals an increase in total phenolic compound concentration by the process of sprouting.
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Elkhawaga AA, Hetta HF, Osman NS, Hosni A, El-Mokhtar MA. Emergence of Cronobacter sakazakii in Cases of Neonatal Sepsis in Upper Egypt: First Report in North Africa. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:215. [PMID: 32210926 PMCID: PMC7075355 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Cronobacter sakazakii (C. sakazakii) has attracted considerable attention as an emerging neonatal pathogen and has been associated with outbreaks of life-threatening septicemia, necrotizing enterocolitis, and meningitis in neonates and infants globally. No data about the role of C. sakazakii as a cause of neonatal sepsis in North Africa is availale. Herein, we aimed to study the incidence of C. sakazakii in cases of neonatal sepsis, its distribution in different food samples in Egypt, antimicrobial profile, and the ability of the strains to form biofilms. Methods A total of 100 positive blood cultures from cases of neonatal sepsis admitted to the neonatal ICU at Assiut University Children's Hospital, Egypt, were analyzed. In addition, 1,100 food samples, including 400 powdered infant formula (PIF), 500 herbs, and 200 water samples were screened for the presence of C. sakazakii. We evaluated the antimicrobial profile and the ability of the strains to form biofilms. Results Cronobacter sakazakii was detected in 12 out of 100 cases of neonatal sepsis. The organism was also isolated from PIF, herbs, and water in percentages of 17.5, 9.2, and 7.5%, respectively. Regarding the antimicrobial sensitivity, all strains were resistant to ampicillin, amoxicillin, ampicillin/sulbactam, clindamycin, cephalothin, and cephalexin. In addition, C. sakazakii strains showed the ability to form biofilms, but with variable degrees of cell density. Conclusion We reported, for the first time, cases of neonatal sepsis caused by the emerging life-threatening pathogen C. sakazakii in Egypt. The organism was also detected in contaminated PIF, herbs, and water, which may be sources of infection for neonates, especially in countries where natural herbs are widely used as an alternative medicine. Finally, collective efforts by the parents, manufacturers of PIF, and healthcare personnel are essential to prevent serious infections caused by C. sakazakii, particularly in infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal A Elkhawaga
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Helal F Hetta
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Naglaa S Osman
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Amal Hosni
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A El-Mokhtar
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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Kong Z, Che K, Hu J, Chen Y, Wang Y, Wang X, Lü W, Wang Y, Chi J. Orientin Protects Podocytes from High Glucose Induced Apoptosis through Mitophagy. Chem Biodivers 2020; 17:e1900647. [PMID: 31951311 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201900647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zi‐Li Kong
- Department of EndocrinologyAffiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao 266003 P. R. China
| | - Kui Che
- Department of EndocrinologyAffiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao 266003 P. R. China
| | - Jian‐Xia Hu
- Department of EndocrinologyAffiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao 266003 P. R. China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of EndocrinologyAffiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao 266003 P. R. China
| | - Yun‐Yang Wang
- Department of EndocrinologyAffiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao 266003 P. R. China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of EndocrinologyAffiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao 266003 P. R. China
| | - Wen‐Shan Lü
- Department of EndocrinologyAffiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao 266003 P. R. China
| | - Yan‐Gang Wang
- Department of EndocrinologyAffiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao 266003 P. R. China
| | - Jing‐Wei Chi
- Department of EndocrinologyAffiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao 266003 P. R. China
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Nithyananthan S, Sushmaa D, Myrthong I, Valluru L, Guha S, Hassan Mir I, Behera J, Thirunavukkarasu C. Curcuma longa and Trigonella foenum graecum-enriched nutrient mixture from germinated Macrotyloma uniflorum and Vigna radiate ameliorate nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases in rats. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13159. [PMID: 32017151 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver is increasing due to modern lifestyle. Germinated and dehulled Macrotyloma uniflorum and Vigna radiate were shown to have enhanced nutrients. Curcuma longa and Trigonella foenum graecum were proven hepatoprotective.The supplementation of the nutrient herbal mixture to the MCD diet-induced steatosis shows reduced hepatic fat accumulation and lipid profile, and liver injury markers in serum also reserved in normal. Increased serum albumin in the treatment group indicates that the liver function is enhanced than that of steatosis. The supplementation of the herbal mixture has preserved the hepatic antioxidant. Zymographic analysis of matrix metalloproteinase, western blot determination of α-SMA, and histological evolution (H&E, Sirius red) depicted reduced fibrosis and reveled management of hepatic stellate cells in quiescent form. The present study concludes that the herbal mixture has reduced hepatocyte fat accumulation in steatotic animals, and curtailed the oxidative stress, further it prevents the progression of steatohepatitis. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Fatty liver diseases can be treated by modulating the diet composition such as consuming food rich in the nutrient herbal mixture. In this study, the nutrient mixture was made with dynamic food processing techniques such as germination, dehulling, and milling to augment the nutritional contents. Besides, Macrotyloma uniflorum, Vigna radiate, Curcuma longa, and Trigonella foenum graecum were used to improve the medicinal value and antioxidant. This formulation could target the various stages of NAFLD. This study revealed that the nutrient herbal mixture reduces the steatosis of the liver and curtailed the progression of steatohepatitis from hepatic steatosis. Since the edible foodstuff was used to make the nutrient mixture, it has excellent clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dangudubiyyam Sushmaa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Ibansiewdor Myrthong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | | | - Shreyoshi Guha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Ishfaq Hassan Mir
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Jajnasenee Behera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
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Yu H, Liang H, Ren M, Ji K, Yang Q, Ge X, Xi B, Pan L. Effects of dietary fenugreek seed extracts on growth performance, plasma biochemical parameters, lipid metabolism, Nrf2 antioxidant capacity and immune response of juvenile blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 94:211-219. [PMID: 31499200 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Dietary administration of some plant-derived substances have been proved of great economic value in aquaculture. In order to investigate the effects of dietary fenugreek seed extracts (FSE) on juvenile blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala), a feeding trial was conducted for 8 weeks. The results showed that final weight (FW), weight gain (WG), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and specific growth rate (SGR) were not significantly affected by dietary FSE levels. The whole body lipid contents of fish fed with 0.04%, 0.08% and 0.16% FSE diets were significantly lowered compared to the control group. Dietary FSE diets significantly affected plasma complement component 3 (C3), immunoglobulin M (IgM), albumin (ALB) and total protein (TP). The relative expressions of acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC), fatty acid synthase (FAS) and sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 (SREBP1) mRNA in the liver of fish decreased significantly with increasing dietary FSE levels from 0% up to 0.04%. FSE supplementation diets lowered the liver pro-inflammatory genes expressions by regulating tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin 8 (IL-8) mRNA levels and increased anti-inflammatory genes expression by regulating transforming growth factor (TGF-β) and interleukin 10 (IL-10). FSE diets increased growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and target of rapamycin (TOR) mRNA levels from 0% up to 0.04%, 0.04% FSE diets significantly increased growth factor-1 (IGF-1) mRNA levels and S6 kinase-polypeptide 1 (S6K1) mRNA levels compared to the control group. 0.04% FSE diets significantly increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and 0.08% FSE diets significantly increased catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities, 0.16% FSE diets significantly increased total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) activities compared to the control group. Additionally, compared to the control group, 0.04% dietary FSE significantly up-regulated nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) mRNA levels and glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPx1) mRNA levels, at the same time, 0.02%, 0.04%, 0.08%, 0.16% FSE diets significantly down-regulated kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) mRNA levels. However, no significant effects were observed on copper zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD) and manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD). Our study indicated that dietary FSE could improve plasma biochemical parameters, regulate lipid metabolism related genes, promote Nrf2 antioxidant capacity and enhance immune response of juvenile blunt snout bream.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Yu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Hualiang Liang
- Key Laboratory for Genetic Breeding of Aquatic Animals and Aquaculture Biology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center (FFRC), Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Mingchun Ren
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China; Key Laboratory for Genetic Breeding of Aquatic Animals and Aquaculture Biology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center (FFRC), Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Wuxi, 214081, China.
| | - Ke Ji
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Qiang Yang
- Jiangsu Tianshen Co., Ltd, Huai'an, 223003, China
| | - Xianping Ge
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China; Key Laboratory for Genetic Breeding of Aquatic Animals and Aquaculture Biology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center (FFRC), Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Bingwen Xi
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China; Key Laboratory for Genetic Breeding of Aquatic Animals and Aquaculture Biology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center (FFRC), Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Liangkun Pan
- Key Laboratory for Genetic Breeding of Aquatic Animals and Aquaculture Biology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center (FFRC), Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Wuxi, 214081, China
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Fenugreek seeds estrogenic activity in ovariectomized female rats. CURRENT ISSUES IN PHARMACY AND MEDICAL SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.2478/cipms-2019-0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The estrogenic activities of fenugreek seeds (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.), widely used in traditional pharmacopoeia, are reflected in the uterus of ovariectomized female rats, with a slight increase in dry and wet weight, a thickening of the stroma and the uterine epithelium and the development of the endometrial glands. In the vagina, the estrogenic action is shown through an increase in the epidermal cell number and a tendency to keratinization, leading to vaginal opening.
Furthermore, this estrogenic potential of fenugreek seeds is confirmed by the over-expression of progesterone receptors in the uterine tissues supporting possible interactions between phytoestrogens and estrogen receptors.
Therefore, Fenugreek seeds may be capable of promoting the development of reproductive tissues of immature ovariectomized rats, and its estrogenic activity may take its action by holding phystoestrogens that interact with estrogen binding sites and activate the same estradiol-mediated cell signaling pathways.
Thus, our results give added scientific support to the popular use of Fenugreek seeds as an alternative for several health problems such as fertility and menopause related disorders.
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Malik SA, Khole S, Mittal SPK, Urmode T, Kusurkar R, Ghaskadbi SS. Differential response of antioxidant defense in HepG2 cells on exposure of Livotrit ®, in a concentration dependent manner. J Tradit Complement Med 2019; 9:38-44. [PMID: 30671364 PMCID: PMC6335567 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Livotrit®, a polyherbal formulation (Zandu, India) is commonly prescribed for liver health. The present study was undertaken to elucidate possible mechanism of antioxidant potential of Livotrit®. Livotrit® exhibited concentration dependent radical scavenging activity, inhibition of lipid peroxidation as well as activation and gene expression of antioxidant enzymes. Interestingly, lower concentration of Livotrit® (0.05%) significantly increased activities and gene expression of catalase, Glutathione reductase (GR) and Gluthathione peroxidase (GPx), while higher concentration of Livotrit® (0.5%) significantly increased antioxidant enzyme Heme-oxygenase 1(HO-1) and not catalase (CAT), GR and GPx. Transcription factor, Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) required for expression of catalase, GR, GPx and HO-1 was efficiently translocated into the nucleus at both concentrations. Inspite of this, concentration dependent activation of these enzymes was found to be mediated through miRNAs involved in regulation of their gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Malik
- Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India
| | - S Khole
- Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India
| | - S P K Mittal
- Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India
| | - T Urmode
- Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India
| | - R Kusurkar
- Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India
| | - S S Ghaskadbi
- Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India
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Chen X, Yang Y, Liu C, Chen Z, Wang D. Astragaloside IV ameliorates high glucose‑induced renal tubular epithelial‑mesenchymal transition by blocking mTORC1/p70S6K signaling in HK‑2 cells. Int J Mol Med 2018; 43:709-716. [PMID: 30483732 PMCID: PMC6317658 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Astragaloside IV (AST) is the major active saponin in Astragalus membranaceus and, reportedly, has a variety of pharmacological activities. However, the potential of AST to ameliorate high glucose‑mediated renal tubular epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) remains undetermined. The aim of the present research was to explore the effect and mechanism of AST in EMT of renal tubular epithelial cells, as an underlying mechanism of renal fibrosis and a vital feature involved in diabetic nephropathy. The effect of AST on the EMT of renal tubular epithelial cells (HK‑2) stimulated by high glucose was investigated and it was attempted to elucidate the potential underlying mechanism. The expression of E‑cadherin and α‑smooth muscle actin were determined by western blotting and immunofluorescence assays. The expression of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1)/ ribosomal protein S6 kinase β‑1 (p70S6K) signaling pathway and protein levels of four transcriptional factors (snail, slug, twist and zinc finger E‑box‑binding homeobox 1) were also determined by western blotting. Additionally, extracellular matrix components, including fibronectin (FN) and collagen type IV (Col IV) were detected by ELISA. The results suggested that the EMT of HK‑2 cells and the mTORC1/p70S6K pathway were activated by high glucose. The expression of snail and twist in HK‑2 cells was elevated by high glucose. Furthermore, extracellular matrix components, FN and Col IV, were increased in HK‑2 cells cultured with high glucose. In turn, treatment with AST reduced EMT features in HK‑2 cells, inhibited mTORC1/p70S6K pathway activation, downregulated expression of snail and twist, and reduced secretion of FN and Col IV. In summary, the findings suggested that AST ameliorates high glucose‑mediated renal tubular EMT by blocking the mTORC1/p70S6K signaling pathway in HK‑2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The People's Hospital of Jiangyin, Jiangyin, Jiangsu 214400, P.R. China
| | - Yang Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Chenxu Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Zhigao Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The People's Hospital of Jiangyin, Jiangyin, Jiangsu 214400, P.R. China
| | - Dongdong Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, P.R. China
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Pravalika K, Sarmah D, Kaur H, Vats K, Saraf J, Wanve M, Kalia K, Borah A, Yavagal DR, Dave KR, Bhattacharya P. Trigonelline therapy confers neuroprotection by reduced glutathione mediated myeloperoxidase expression in animal model of ischemic stroke. Life Sci 2018; 216:49-58. [PMID: 30414429 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM Stroke is devastating with a limited choice of intervention. Many pharmacological entities are available but none of them have evolved successfully in counteracting the multifaceted molecular alterations following stroke. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) has been reported to play an important role in neuroinflammation following neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, using it as a therapeutic target may be a strategy to confer neuroprotection in stroke. Trigonelline (TG), a plant alkaloid has shown neuroprotective effects in the past. Here we explore its neuroprotective effects and its role in glutathione mediated MPO inhibition in ischemic stroke. METHODS An in silico study was performed to confirm effective TG and MPO interaction. An in vitro evaluation of toxicity with biochemical estimations was performed. Further, in vivo studies were undertaken where rats were treated with 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg TG or standard MPO inhibiting drug4‑Aminobenzoic hydrazide (4‑ABH) at 60 min prior, post immediate and an hour post 90 min of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) followed by 24 h reperfusion. Rats were evaluated for neurodeficit and motor function tests. Brains were further harvested for infarct size evaluation, biochemical analysis, and western blot experiments. KEY FINDINGS TG at 100 mg/kg dose i.p. administered immediately post ischemia confers neuroprotection by reducing cerebral infarct with improvement in motor and neurodeficit scores. Furthermore, elevated nitrite and MDA levels were also found to be reduced in brain regions in the treated group. TG also potentiated intrinsic antioxidant status and markedly inhibited reduced glutathione mediated myeloperoxidase expression in the cortical brain region. SIGNIFICANCE TG confers neuroprotection by reduced glutathione mediated myeloperoxidase inhibition in ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanta Pravalika
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Deepaneeta Sarmah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Kanchan Vats
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Jackson Saraf
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Madhuri Wanve
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Kiran Kalia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Anupom Borah
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India
| | - Dileep R Yavagal
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Kunjan R Dave
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Pallab Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India.
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Selvaraj S, Duraipandy N, Kiran MS, Fathima NN. Anti-oxidant enriched hybrid nanofibers: Effect on mechanical stability and biocompatibility. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 117:209-217. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.05.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Wang DD, Chen X, Yang Y, Liu CX. Association of K ir6.2 gene rs5219 variation with type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis of 21,464 individuals. Prim Care Diabetes 2018; 12:345-353. [PMID: 29685723 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcd.2018.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS rs5219 is in Potassium inwardly-rectifying channel, subfamily J, member 11 (KCNJ11) E23K gene, located at 11p15.1. Researches on the association between rs5219 gene polymorphism with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were performed extensively, but the results remain controversial. To investigate the relationship, a meta-analysis involving 21,464 individuals was conducted. METHODS Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to assess the strength of this association. Publication bias was evaluated with Begg's test. Our research includes three gene models: allelic genetic model (K-allele vs. E-allele), recessive genetic model (KK vs. EK+EE) and dominant genetic model (EE vs. EK+KK). RESULTS In allelic genetic model, subgroup analysis demonstrated rs5219 K-allele was relevant to T2DM risk in Caucasian (OR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.09-1.24, P=0.000) and East Asian (OR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.13-1.26, P=0.000), recessive genetic model indicated rs5219 KK genotype was related to T2DM risk in Caucasian, East Asian, South Asian, and North African (OR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.17-1.38, P=0.000), dominant genetic model pointed out rs5219 EE genotype was an opposite association with T2DM risk in Caucasian (OR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.78-0.94, P=0.001). No obvious evidence of publication bias was found. CONCLUSIONS There was a believable evidence to verify that rs5219 variation was associated with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Dong Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201102, PR China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The People's Hospital of Jiangyin, Jiangyin, Jiangsu 214400, PR China.
| | - Yang Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, PR China
| | - Chen-Xu Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, PR China
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Wang D, Zhang G, Chen X, Wei T, Liu C, Chen C, Gong Y, Wei Q. Sitagliptin ameliorates diabetic nephropathy by blocking TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway. Int J Mol Med 2018; 41:2784-2792. [PMID: 29484381 PMCID: PMC5846674 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage failure of the kidney, but the efficacy of current strategies available for the prevention of DN remains unsatisfactory. The purpose of this study was to assess whether sitagliptin (SIT) has therapeutic potential for prevention of DN and to investigate its possible mechanism. The effects of SIT on DN were investigated in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and rat mesangial cells (MCs) induced by high glucose. T2DM rats were administered at a dose of 10 mg/kg SIT. The kidney index, 24 h urinary protein, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Cr), accumulation of glycogen and collagens were investigated by different methods. MCs were administered with SIT at doses of 0.1, 1 and 10 µmol/ml. The possible mechanism of SIT on protection of diabetic kidney injury was examined by expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)/Smad pathway. The results showed that the SIT-treated diabetic rats significantly reduced diabetic kidney injury by inhibiting the kidney index and attenuating 24 h urinary protein, reducing BUN and serum creatinine, inhibiting progressive renal fibrosis and increassing extracellular matrix including collagen IV and fibronectin. Further studies showed that inhibition of renal fibrosis in SIT-treated diabetic rats and MCs were associated with rebalancing of TGF-β1/Smad pathway. Sitagliptin may be a potent agent for preventing the progression of DN through inhabiting TGF-β1/Smad-mediated renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Guanying Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The People's Hospital of Jiangyin, Jiangyin, Jiangsu 214400, P.R. China
| | - Tong Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Chenxu Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Chun Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Yinhan Gong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Qunli Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
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El-Gindy Y, Zeweil H. Effects of parsley supplementation on the seminal quality, blood lipid profile and oxidant status of young and old male rabbits. WORLD RABBIT SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.4995/wrs.2017.6532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
<p>The high unsaturation levels of spermatozoal membrane make it very susceptible to oxidative damage and this problem increases with advancing age. In this study, the aim is to investigate whether parsley seed (PS) has a protective effect on semen quality, serum lipid profile and antioxidative status of old and young bucks. Male rabbits (n= 36) (18 young 9-12 mo old and 18 old 36-42 mo old) were each assigned to 3 dietary treatments (a control and 2 levels of PS: 0.3 and 0.6 kg/100 kg diet) to evaluate the ability of parsley to enhance bucks’ reproductive status. Most of the studied traits were adversely affected by age of rabbit bucks. On the other hand, the inclusion of PS significantly boosted ejaculate volume and improved mass motility concentration and total sperm output. Seminal plasma and blood serum total antioxidant capacity increased, while serum lipid peroxidase decreased with parsley treatments. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of parsley seed alleviates most semen quality parameters and counteracts oxidative stress, especially with the advance of age (seminal plasma and blood serum of total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde.</p>
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El Bairi K, Ouzir M, Agnieszka N, Khalki L. Anticancer potential of Trigonella foenum graecum: Cellular and molecular targets. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 90:479-491. [PMID: 28391170 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.03.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence supported by numerous studies on tumorigenesis confirms that it is possible to target various hallmarks of cancer. Recent studies have shown that plant-derived molecules may be used in targeting different signaling pathways for cancer drug discovery. The present paper gives an insight into the anticancer potential of fenugreek and lists the existing studies that have been carried out to demonstrate the advantages of the use of fenugreek in cancer treatment and prevention. It also aims at opening up new perspectives in the development of new drugs of natural origins in the future clinical trials. This review article will discuss; (1) the chemical constituents and bioactive compounds of fenugreek; (2) effects on oxidative stress and inflammation; (3) effects on proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion; (4) toxicity of fenugreek; and 5) future directions in cancer drug development. All of the experimental studies discussed in this paper suggest that multiple signaling pathways (hallmarks) are involved in the anticancer activities of fenugreek, but their efficacy is still unclear, which requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid El Bairi
- Independent Research Team in Cancer Biology and Bioactive Compounds, Mohamed 1st University, Oujda, Morocco.
| | - Mounir Ouzir
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Najda Agnieszka
- Quality Laboratory of Vegetable and Medicinal Materials, Department of Vegetable Crops and Medicinal Plants, University of Life Sciences in Lublin,Leszczyńskiego Street 58, 20-068 Lublin, Poland
| | - Loubna Khalki
- Neuroscience Laboratory, UM6SS-Research Center, Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences, Casablanca, Morocco
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Zameer S, Najmi AK, Vohora D, Akhtar M. A review on therapeutic potentials of Trigonella foenum graecum (fenugreek) and its chemical constituents in neurological disorders: Complementary roles to its hypolipidemic, hypoglycemic, and antioxidant potential. Nutr Neurosci 2017; 21:539-545. [DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2017.1327200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Saima Zameer
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, JamiaHamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Abul Kalam Najmi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, JamiaHamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Divya Vohora
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, JamiaHamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Mohd Akhtar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, JamiaHamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi 110062, India
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Nagulapalli Venkata KC, Swaroop A, Bagchi D, Bishayee A. A small plant with big benefits: Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum Linn.) for disease prevention and health promotion. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61. [PMID: 28266134 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201600950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Plant-derived natural products have long-standing utility toward treating degenerative diseases. It is estimated that about two-thirds of world population depend on traditional medicine for primary medical needs. Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum Linn.), a short-living annual medicinal plant belonging to Fabaceae family, is used extensively in various parts of the world as herb, food, spice, and traditional medicine. Fenugreek is considered as one of the oldest medicinal plants and its health-promoting effects have been cited in Ayurveda and traditional Chinese medicine. The investigations into the chemical composition and pharmacological actions have seen a renaissance in recent years. Extensive preclinical and clinical research have outlined the pharmaceutical uses of fenugreek as antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic, antiobesity, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antifungal, antibacterial, galactogogue and for miscellaneous pharmacological effects, including improving women's health. The pharmacological actions of fenugreek are attributed to diverse array of phytoconstituents. The phytochemical analysis reveals the presence of steroids, alkaloids, saponins, polyphenols, flavonoids, lipids, carbohydrates, amino acids, and hydrocarbons. This review aims to summarize and critically analyze the current available literature to understand the potential of fenugreek for disease prevention and health improvement with special emphasis on cellular and molecular mechanisms. Current challenges and new directions of research on fenugreek are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Debasis Bagchi
- Cepham Research Center, Piscataway, NJ, USA.,Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Larkin University, Miami, FL, USA
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Guardiola FA, Bahi A, Messina CM, Mahdhi A, Santulli A, Arena R, Bakhrouf A, Esteban MA. Quality and antioxidant response of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) to dietary supplements of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum) alone or combined with probiotic strains. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 63:277-284. [PMID: 28232283 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to determine the potential effect of the dietary intake of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum) seeds alone or in combination with Bacillus licheniformis, Lactobacillus plantarum or B. subtilis on gilthead seabream quality and antioxidant response after 2 and 3 weeks of experimental feeding. The results showed that the supplements did not affect the percentage of the fatty acid profiles of muscle, demonstrating that all the additives tested can be administrated without any negative effect on biochemical composition and quality of gilthead seabream. The quantification of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in muscle demonstrated the significant beneficial effect of the experimental diets compared with the control one. Besides, an increase in superoxide dismutase and catalase in liver was recorded after 3 weeks of administration of experimental diets. Furthermore, real time qPCR revealed that dietary supplementation with FEBS significantly enhances the expression of scavenging enzymes, such as cat and gr genes in the liver after 3 weeks. The findings suggest that the administration of fenugreek supplement alone or combined with probiotic strains could be considered as a good source of natural antioxidants and as a functional aquafeed ingredient for gilthead seabream.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Guardiola
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus Regional de Excelencia Internacional "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain; Fish Nutrition & Immunobiology Group, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Porto, Portugal
| | - A Bahi
- Laboratory of Analysis, Treatment and Valorization of Pollutants of the Environment and Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Tunisia
| | - C M Messina
- University of Palermo, Department of Earth and Sea Science, Marine Biochemistry and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, (Trapani), Via Barlotta 4, 91100, Italy
| | - A Mahdhi
- Laboratory of Analysis, Treatment and Valorization of Pollutants of the Environment and Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Tunisia
| | - A Santulli
- University of Palermo, Department of Earth and Sea Science, Marine Biochemistry and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, (Trapani), Via Barlotta 4, 91100, Italy
| | - R Arena
- University of Palermo, Department of Earth and Sea Science, Marine Biochemistry and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, (Trapani), Via Barlotta 4, 91100, Italy
| | - A Bakhrouf
- Laboratory of Analysis, Treatment and Valorization of Pollutants of the Environment and Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Tunisia
| | - M A Esteban
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus Regional de Excelencia Internacional "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
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Mbarki S, Alimi H, Bouzenna H, Elfeki A, Hfaiedh N. Phytochemical study and protective effect of Trigonella foenum graecum (Fenugreek seeds) against carbon tetrachloride-induced toxicity in liver and kidney of male rat. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 88:19-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.12.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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Balasubramanian S, Roselin P, Singh KK, Zachariah J, Saxena SN. Postharvest Processing and Benefits of Black Pepper, Coriander, Cinnamon, Fenugreek, and Turmeric Spices. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 56:1585-607. [PMID: 25747463 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2012.759901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Spices are prime source for flavor, aroma, and taste in cuisines and play an active role as medicines due to their high antioxidant properties. As medicine or food, the importance of spices cannot be overemphasized. The medicinal values of spices are very well established in treating various ailments like cancer, fever, malaria, stomach offset, nausea, and many more. A spice may be available in several forms: fresh, whole dried, or pre-ground dried which requires further processing to be utilized in the form of value-added product. This review paper deals with the cultivation, postharvesting, chemical composition, uses, health, and medicinal benefits of the selected spice viz., black pepper, coriander, cinnamon, fenugreek, turmeric, and technological advances in processing of spices viz., super critical fluid extraction, cryogenic grinding, and microencapsulation etc. This paper also focuses on issues related to utilization of spices toward its high end-product development and characterization in pharmaceuticals and other medicinal purposes. The availability of different spices and their varietal differences and location have their pertinent characters, which are much demanding to refine postharvest and processing to assure its quality in the international market.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Balasubramanian
- a ICAR-Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering Regional Centre (Indian Council of Agricultural Research) , Coimbatore , Tamilnadu , India
| | - P Roselin
- b Department of Food Processing & Engineering , Karunya University , Coimbatore , Tamilnadu , India
| | - K K Singh
- c ICAR-Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering (Indian Council of Agricultural Research) , Nabibagh , Bhopal , India
| | - John Zachariah
- d ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research (Indian Council of Agricultural Research), Kozhikode (Calicut) , Kerala , India
| | - S N Saxena
- e Plant Physiology, National Seed Centre on Seed Spices , Ajmer , Rajasthan , India
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Optimization of supercritical CO 2 extraction of fenugreek seed ( Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) and calculating of extracts solubility. J Supercrit Fluids 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2016.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Alterations in Plasma Glucose and Cardiac Antioxidant Enzymes Activity in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats: Effects of Trigonella foenum-graecum Extract and Swimming Training. Can J Diabetes 2016; 40:135-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2015.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Revised: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Al-Juhaimi F, Adiamo OQ, Ghafoor K, Babiker EE. Optimization of ultrasonic-assisted extraction of phenolic compounds from fenugreek ( Trigonella foenum-graecumL.) seed. CYTA - JOURNAL OF FOOD 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/19476337.2015.1110202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Hamza N, Berke B, Cheze C, Marais S, Lorrain S, Abdouelfath A, Lassalle R, Carles D, Gin H, Moore N. Effect of Centaurium erythraea Rafn, Artemisia herba-alba Asso and Trigonella foenum-graecum L. on liver fat accumulation in C57BL/6J mice with high-fat diet-induced type 2 diabetes. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 171:4-11. [PMID: 26023031 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Revised: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Centaurium erythraea Rafn (CE), Artemisia herba-alba Asso (AHA) and Trigonella foenum-graecum L. (TFG) are traditionally used to treat type 2 diabetes in Algeria, previous studies have found that extracts of these plants were effective to treat or prevent experimental diabetes induced by high-fat diet (HFD). AIM OF THE STUDY Describe the additional effects of these extracts on lipid tissue deposition in HFD. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male C57BL/6J mice were fed with HFD to induce type 2 Diabetes. Groups of mice were given plant extracts orally at 2g/kg/bodyweight daily for 20 weeks during establishment of diabetes, or for 18 weeks after confirmation of diabetes at the 17th week. Liver and other tissue samples were stained with Oil Red O. RESULTS Liver steatosis was confirmed with HFD. CE, AHA and TFG extracts improved liver steatosis by the end of the preventive (20 weeks) and curative periods (35 weeks). This was most marked for CE extract (p<0.05), less so with TFG and AHA. No steatosis was found in other tissues. CONCLUSION CE extract had a clear hepatoprotective effect in this mouse model of diet-induced type 2 diabetes. AHA and TFG had a minimal or no significant effect on steatosis. Beyond its effect as an antidiabetic agent, CE may also be promising to prevent or treat non-alcoholic liver steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawel Hamza
- Département de Pharmacologie, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; Département de Nutrition, Université des frères Mentouri, INATAA, Constantine, Algerie.
| | - Bénédicte Berke
- Département de Pharmacologie, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Catherine Cheze
- Département de Pharmacologie, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sébastien Marais
- Bordeaux Imaging Center, UMS 3420 CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Simon Lorrain
- Département de Pharmacologie, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Regis Lassalle
- Département de Pharmacologie, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Dominique Carles
- Unité de pathologie fœtoplacentaire, Université de Bordeaux, CHU de Bordeaux, Hôpital Pellegrin, Bordeaux, France
| | - Henri Gin
- Service de Nutrition Diabétologie et Maladies Métaboliques, CHU de Bordeaux, Haut-Levèque, Bordeaux, France
| | - Nicholas Moore
- Département de Pharmacologie, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
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Haritha C, Reddy AG, Reddy YR, Anilkumar B. Pharmacodynamic interaction of fenugreek, insulin and glimepiride on sero-biochemical parameters in diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats. Vet World 2015; 8:656-63. [PMID: 27047152 PMCID: PMC4774730 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2015.656-663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2015] [Revised: 04/12/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM This study was undertaken to assess the pharmacodynamic interaction of fenugreek, insulin and glimepiride on sero-biochemical parameters in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 56 male Sprague-Dawley rats, randomly divided into seven Groups. Group 1: Non-diabetic control; Group 2: Streptozotocin induced diabetic control; Groups 3, 4 and 5 were treated with insulin, glimepiride and fenugreek seed powder, respectively; Groups 6 and 7: Insulin + fenugreek seed powder treatment and glimepiride + fenugreek seed powder treatment respectively, in diabetic rats. Body weights, blood glucose, lipids total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides (TG) and proteins (total protein, albumin, globulin, A/G ratios) were studied at different time intervals. Rats were sacrified at the end of 8 weeks, pancreas and aorta collected for histopathological study. RESULTS The results of Group 2 showed significantly (p<0.05) higher concentration of glucose, TC, TG, LDL, globulin, A/G ratios and significantly (p<0.05) lower concentration of albumin, total protein, HDL and body weights when compared to Group 1 at the end of 4(th) and 8(th) weeks intervals with marked alteration in histopathology of pancreas and aorta. All the treatment Groups 3-7 showed significantly (p<0.05) improvement in the all the parameters and the Groups 6 and 7 showed highest decrease in the concentration blood glucose, TC, TG, LDL and increase in the albumin, total protein and body weights during 6(th) and 8(th) week, respectively. CONCLUSION The treatment with fenugreek, insulin and glimepiride countered the alteration in the sero biochemical parameters in diabetic rats, and their combination was found a positive interaction in improving the sero biochemical status of diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Haritha
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Science, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Korutla, Telangana, India
| | - A. Gopala Reddy
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Science, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Y. Ramana Reddy
- Department of Animal Nurtition, College of Veterinary Science, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - B. Anilkumar
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Science, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Korutla, Telangana, India
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Neha S, Anand K, Sunanda P. Administration of Fenugreek Seed Extract Produces Better Effects in Glibenclamide-Induced Inhibition in Hepatic Lipid Peroxidation: An in vitro Study. Chin J Integr Med 2015; 25:278-284. [PMID: 25749901 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-015-1793-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the comparative effects of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum) seed extract (FSE) alone and in combination with an antidiabetic conventional medicine, glibenclamide (GLB), on the inhibition of in vitro lipid peroxidation (LPO) in liver, the major target organ of a drug. METHODS LPO was induced by ferrous sulphate (FeSo4), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and the effects of test seed extract and/or GLB were evaluated. RESULTS While FeSo4, H2O2 and CCl4 markedly enhanced the hepatic LPO, simultaneous administration of FSE reduced it in a concentration dependent manner. However, when both FSE and GLB were added to the incubation mixture, chemically induced hepatic LPO was further inhibited. The test extract also exhibited high antioxidative activity in 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical and in 2,2'-azinobis, 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid radical scavenging assays. CONCLUSION FSE therapy in moderate concentration along with a hypoglycemic drug may prove to be advantageous in ameliorating diabetes mellitus and other diseases that are LPO mediated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharma Neha
- School of Life Sciences, Devi Ahilya University, Takshashila Campus, Indore, 452017, India.
| | - Kar Anand
- School of Life Sciences, Devi Ahilya University, Takshashila Campus, Indore, 452017, India
| | - Panda Sunanda
- School of Life Sciences, Devi Ahilya University, Takshashila Campus, Indore, 452017, India
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He Y, Ding C, Wang X, Wang H, Suo Y. Using Response Surface Methodology to Optimize Countercurrent Chromatographic Separation of Polyphenol Compounds from Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) Seeds. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2013.864981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanfeng He
- a Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research , Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xining , P. R. China
- b University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , P. R. China
| | - Chenxu Ding
- a Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research , Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xining , P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- a Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research , Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xining , P. R. China
| | - Honglun Wang
- a Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research , Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xining , P. R. China
| | - Yourui Suo
- a Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research , Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xining , P. R. China
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Fenugreek Prevents the Development of STZ-Induced Diabetic Nephropathy in a Rat Model of Diabetes. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 2014:259368. [PMID: 25057273 PMCID: PMC4099218 DOI: 10.1155/2014/259368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The present study aims to examine the protective effect of fenugreek and the underlying mechanism against the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN) in streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced diabetic rats. A rat model of diabetes was successfully established by direct injection of STZ and then the rats were administered an interventional treatment of fenugreek. Parameters of renal function, including blood glucose, albuminuria, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), dimethyl formamide (DMF), blood urine nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Scr), and kidney index (KI), were detected in the three groups (Con, DN, and DF). Oxidative stress was determined by the activity of antioxidase. Extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation and other morphological alterations were evaluated by means of immunohistochemistry and electron microscope. Quantitive (q)PCR was employed to detect the mRNA expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and protein expression was determined with western blot analysis. DN rats in the present study demonstrated a significant renal dysfunction, ECM accumulation, pathological alteration, and oxidative stress, while the symptoms were evidently reduced by fenugreek treatment. Furthermore, the upregulation of TGF-β1 and CTGF at a transcriptional and translational level in DN rats was distinctly inhibited by fenugreek. Consequently, fenugreek prevents DN development in a STZ-induced diabetic rat model.
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Yadav UCS, Baquer NZ. Pharmacological effects of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. in health and disease. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2014; 52:243-254. [PMID: 24102093 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2013.826247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The health benefits and medicinal properties of herbal food products are known since antiquity. Fenugreek [Trigonella foenum-graecum Linn. (Fabaceae)], a seed spice used to enhance flavor, color and texture of food, is employed for medicinal purposes in many traditional systems. A number of epidemiological studies and laboratory research have unraveled the biological actions of fenugreek. OBJECTIVE Research on fenugreek in recent years has identified a number of health benefits and physiological attributes in both experimental animals as well as clinical trials in humans. In this study we have reviewed the available scientific literature on fenugreek. METHODS This review article summarizes and reviews published experimental studies and scientific literature from the databases including PubMed, Google and local library searches. RESULTS The information available in the literature on the health benefits and pharmaceutical effects of Trigonella accounts for its known medicinal properties and adds new therapeutic effects in newer indications. Besides its known medicinal properties such as carminative, gastric stimulant, antidiabetic and galactogogue (lactation-inducer) effects, newer research has identified hypocholesterolemic, antilipidemia, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, antiulcer, antilithigenic, anticarcinogenic and other miscellaneous medicinal effects of fenugreek. Although most of these studies have used whole seed powder or different forms of extracts, some have identified active constituents from seeds and attributed them medicinal values for different indications. CONCLUSION The resarch on Trigonella exhibits its health benefits and potential medicinal properties in various indications and has little or no side effects, suggesting its pharmaceutical, therapeutic and nutritional potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umesh C S Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, TX , USA and
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