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Mit C, Beaudouin R, Palluel O, Turiès C, Daniele G, Giroud B, Bado-Nilles A. Exposure and hazard of bisphenol A, S and F: a multi-biomarker approach in three-spined stickleback. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-28462-4. [PMID: 37436621 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28462-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Due to the estrogenic behavior of bisphenol (BP) A, industries have developed many substitutes, such as BPS and BPF. However, due to their structural similarities, adverse effects on reproduction are currently observed in various organisms, including fish. Even if new results have shown impacts of these bisphenols on many other physiological functions, their mode of action remains unclear. In this context, we proposed to better understand the impact of BPA, BPS, and BPF on immune responses (leucocyte sub-populations, cell death, respiratory burst, lysosomal presence, and phagocytic activity) and on biomarkers of metabolic detoxification (ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase, EROD, and glutathione S-transferase, GST) and oxidative stress (glutathione peroxidase, GPx, and lipid peroxidation with thiobarbituric acid reactive substance method, TBARS) in an adult sentinel fish species, the three-spined stickleback. In order to enhance our understanding of how biomarkers change over time, it is essential to determine the internal concentration responsible for the observed responses. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the toxicokinetics of bisphenols. Thus, sticklebacks were exposed either to 100 μg/L of BPA, BPF or BPS for 21 days, or for seven days to 10 and 100 μg/L of BPA or BPS followed by seven days of depuration. Although BPS has very different TK, due to its lower bioaccumulation compared to BPA and BPF, BPS affect oxidative stress and phagocytic activity in the same way. For those reasons, the replacement of BPA by any substitute should be made carefully in terms of risk assessment on aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corentin Mit
- Experimental Toxicology and Modelling Unit, INERIS, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, 65550, Verneuil en Halatte, France
- Ecotoxicology of Substances and Fields Unit, INERIS, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, 65550, Verneuil en Halatte, France
| | - Rémy Beaudouin
- Experimental Toxicology and Modelling Unit, INERIS, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, 65550, Verneuil en Halatte, France
| | - Olivier Palluel
- Ecotoxicology of Substances and Fields Unit, INERIS, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, 65550, Verneuil en Halatte, France
| | - Cyril Turiès
- Ecotoxicology of Substances and Fields Unit, INERIS, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, 65550, Verneuil en Halatte, France
| | - Gaëlle Daniele
- CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, F-69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Barbara Giroud
- CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, F-69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Anne Bado-Nilles
- Ecotoxicology of Substances and Fields Unit, INERIS, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, 65550, Verneuil en Halatte, France.
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Ben Ameur W, El Megdiche Y, Ennaceur S, Mhadhbi T, Ben Hassine S, Annabi A, de Lapuente J, Driss MR, Borràs M, Eljarrat E. Biomarkers responses and polybrominated diphenyl ethers and their methoxylated analogs measured in Sparus aurata from the Lagoon of Bizerte, Tunisia. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:38618-38632. [PMID: 35083694 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18769-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to the examination of the levels and effects of organobromine compounds (polybrominated diphenyl ethers: PBDEs and methoxylated brominated diphenyl ethers: MeO-PBDEs), in Sparus aurata native to the Lagoon of Bizerte. For that, different biomarkers of exposure (somatic indices, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activities) and effect (malondialdehyde level, histopathologic alterations, and DNA damage) as well as pollutant levels were measured in specimens collected from this impacted ecosystem and the Mediterranean Sea as a reference site. Bizerte Lagoon PBDE fish levels were higher than the Mediterranean Sea, whereas MeO-PBDEs were higher in the reference site. Fish from Bizerte Lagoon presented a higher hepatosomatic index, lower catalase and superoxide dismutase activity, higher level of malondialdehyde, and higher percentage of DNA tail in comparison to fish from the reference area. The histological study of the liver indicated substantial lesions in fish from the polluted site. The results showed strong positive correlations between the concentrations of the PBDE or MeO-PBDE and the MDA and DNA tail % levels and negative correlations for the activities of enzymes of SOD and CAT. Consequently, these findings could suggest a potential link between exposure to these pollutants and the observed biomarker responses in the Bizerte Lagoon seabream. Taken together, these results highlight the importance of biomarker selection and the selected sentinel fish species as useful tools for biomonitoring of aquatic pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid Ben Ameur
- Laboratory of Heteroatom Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021, Jarzouna, Tunisia.
- Ecologie de La Faune Terrestre UR17ES44, Département Des Sciences de La Vie, Faculté Des Sciences de Gabès, Université de Gabès, Gabes, Tunisia.
| | - Yassine El Megdiche
- Laboratory of Heteroatom Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021, Jarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Soukaina Ennaceur
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Saudi Electronic University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Takoua Mhadhbi
- Laboratory of Heteroatom Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021, Jarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Sihem Ben Hassine
- Laboratory of Heteroatom Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021, Jarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Ali Annabi
- Ecologie de La Faune Terrestre UR17ES44, Département Des Sciences de La Vie, Faculté Des Sciences de Gabès, Université de Gabès, Gabes, Tunisia
| | - Joaquin de Lapuente
- Unit of Experimental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology, UTOX-PCB, Parc Científic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mohamed Ridha Driss
- Laboratory of Heteroatom Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021, Jarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Miquel Borràs
- Unit of Experimental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology, UTOX-PCB, Parc Científic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ethel Eljarrat
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
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Integration of Genotoxic Biomarkers in Environmental Biomonitoring Analysis Using a Multi-Biomarker Approach in Three-Spined Stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus Linnaeus, 1758). TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10030101. [PMID: 35324726 PMCID: PMC8950626 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10030101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Water is impacted by a variety of increasing pressures, such as contaminants, including genotoxic pollutants. The proposed multi-biomarker approach at a sub-individual level gives a complementary indicator to the chemical and ecological parameters of the Water Framework Directive (WFD, 2000/60/EC). By integrating biomarkers of genotoxicity and erythrocyte necrosis in the sentinel fish species the three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) through active biomonitoring of six stations of the Artois-Picardie watershed, north France, our work aimed to improve the already existing biomarker approach. Even if fish in all stations had high levels of DNA strand breaks, the multivariate analysis (PCA), followed by hierarchical agglomerative clustering (HAC), improved discrimination among stations by detecting an increase of nuclear DNA content variation (Etaing, St Rémy du Nord, Artres and Biache-St-Vaast) and erythrocyte necrosis (Etaing, St Rémy du Nord). The present work highlighted that the integration of these biomarkers of genotoxicity in a multi-biomarker approach is appropriate to expand physiological parameters which allow the targeting of new potential effects of contaminants.
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Guedegba NL, Imorou Toko I, Ben Ammar I, François L, Oreins N, Palluel O, Mandiki SNM, Jauniaux T, Porcher JM, Scippo ML, Kestemont P. Chronic effects of a binary insecticide Acer 35 EC on Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus through a multi-biomarker approach. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 273:128530. [PMID: 33268085 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Acer 35 EC is a widely used insecticide (a binary mixture of lambda-cyhalothrin and acetamiprid) in pest control in many West African countries, particularly in the cotton culture in north Benin. The aim of this study was to investigate the chronic effects of Acer 35 EC on Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus juveniles using a multi-biomarker approach under laboratory conditions. For this purpose, fish were exposed to sublethal concentrations of Acer 35 EC (0, 1 and 10% of LC50- 96 h value). After 28 and 56 days of exposure, several biomarkers were measured in males and females including enzymatic activities related to detoxification and oxidative stress, neurotoxicity and immune responses, sex steroid hormones (testosterone, 17β-estradiol and 11-keto-testosterone) and histological alterations of liver, kidney and gonads. An Integrated Biomarker Response (IBR) was then calculated. The results showed a reduction of cholinesterase activity in muscles, and intercellular superoxide anion production in both sexes. Female steroidogenesis and gametogenesis were affected, especially testosterone levels and oocyte growth. More alterations were observed in liver after exposure to Acer 35 EC. In both sexes, IBR values were higher after 56 days than after 28 days of exposure. In conclusion, based on a large set of biomarkers and IBR values, the chronic exposure to low doses of insecticide Acer 35 EC seems to impair different physiological functions in Nile tilapia juveniles on a time-dependent manner, with a stronger impact on females than on males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicresse Léa Guedegba
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life-Earth-Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, 61 Rue de Bruxelles, 5000, Namur, Belgium; Research Laboratory in Aquaculture and Aquatic Ecotoxicology (LaRAEAq), University of Parakou, Faculty of Agronomy, 03 BP 61, Parakou, Benin.
| | - Ibrahim Imorou Toko
- Research Laboratory in Aquaculture and Aquatic Ecotoxicology (LaRAEAq), University of Parakou, Faculty of Agronomy, 03 BP 61, Parakou, Benin.
| | - Imen Ben Ammar
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life-Earth-Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, 61 Rue de Bruxelles, 5000, Namur, Belgium.
| | - Loïc François
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life-Earth-Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, 61 Rue de Bruxelles, 5000, Namur, Belgium.
| | - Noëlle Oreins
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life-Earth-Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, 61 Rue de Bruxelles, 5000, Namur, Belgium.
| | - Olivier Palluel
- Institut National de L'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Parc Technologique Alata, BP 2, 60550, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.
| | - Syaghalirwa N M Mandiki
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life-Earth-Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, 61 Rue de Bruxelles, 5000, Namur, Belgium.
| | - Thierry Jauniaux
- Department of General Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Belgium.
| | - Jean-Marc Porcher
- Institut National de L'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Parc Technologique Alata, BP 2, 60550, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.
| | - Marie-Louise Scippo
- Laboratory of Food Analysis, Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health (FARAH), Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, 10 Avenue de Cureghem, Sart-Tilman, B-4000, Liège, Belgium.
| | - Patrick Kestemont
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life-Earth-Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, 61 Rue de Bruxelles, 5000, Namur, Belgium.
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Han J, Park JS, Park Y, Lee J, Shin HH, Lee KW. Effects of paralytic shellfish poisoning toxin-producing dinoflagellate Gymnodinium catenatum on the marine copepod Tigriopus japonicus. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 163:111937. [PMID: 33341583 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To understand how the marine copepod Tigriopus japonicus responds to the toxic marine dinoflagellate Gymnodinium catenatum, we assessed acute toxicity and investigated swimming behavior parameters (e.g., swimming speed, swimming path trajectory, and swimming distance) in response to G. catenatum exposure. In addition, the mRNA expression levels of detoxification-related genes (e.g., phase I cytochrome P450 [CYP] and phase II glutathione-S transferase [GST]) were measured in G. catenatum-exposed copepods. No significant change in survival was observed in response to G. catenatum, but swimming speed was significantly decreased (P < 0.05) at a high concentration of G. catenatum (600 cells/mL). Furthermore, the swimming distance was significantly decreased (P < 0.05) compared to that of the control at 600 cells/mL G. catenatum, while no significant change in swimming path trajectory was observed, suggesting that G. catenatum potentially has adverse effects on the swimming behavior of T. japonicus. In addition, the transcriptional regulation of T. japonicus CYPs and -GSTs were significantly upregulated and downregulated (P < 0.05), respectively, in response to G. catenatum. In particular, certain genes (e.g., CYPs [CYP307E1, CYP3041A1, and CYP3024A2] and GSTs [GST-kappa, GST-mu5, and GST-omega]) were significantly induced (P < 0.05) by G. catenatum, suggesting that these genes likely play a critical role in detoxification mechanisms and might be useful as potential molecular biomarkers in response to G. catenatum exposure. Overall, these results elucidate the potential impacts of the dinoflagellate G. catenatum on the swimming behavior and detoxification system of the marine copepod T. japonicus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghoon Han
- Department of Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Sang Park
- Library of Marine Samples, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Geoje 53201, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeun Park
- Department of Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea; University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihoon Lee
- Department of Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ho Shin
- Library of Marine Samples, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Geoje 53201, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyun-Woo Lee
- Department of Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea.
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Peluso J, Aronzon CM, Ríos de Molina MDC, Rojas DE, Cristos D, Pérez Coll CS. Integrated analysis of the quality of water bodies from the lower Paraná River basin with different productive uses by physicochemical and biological indicators. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 263:114434. [PMID: 32259719 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The Paraná River basin is one of the most important in South America and is affected by human activities that take place on its margins. In particular, the De la Cruz stream flows through an industrial pole and the Arrecifes River goes mainly through agricultural fields. The aim of this study was to evaluate the water quality of the De la Cruz stream (S1) and the Arrecifes River (S2) by means of physicochemical parameters, including metals and pesticides concentrations. Since amphibians are good indicators of environmental quality, bioassays with Rhinella arenarum were carried on. For lethal and sublethal parameters, embryos and larvae were exposed to a dilution gradient of water samples and AMPHITOX Solution (AS) as negative control for 504 h. For the determination of oxidative stress biomarkers (Catalase -CAT-, Glutathione S-Transferase -GST-, Reduced Glutathione -GSH-, and lipid peroxidation -TBARS-), embryos and larvae were exposed to undiluted water samples and AS. For the determination of micronuclei, larvae at hind limb bud stage (S.28) were exposed to undiluted water samples, simultaneously with negative and positive controls (AS and cyclophosphamide 40 mg/L, respectively). Dissolved oxygen was low in both sites and the copper levels exceeded the Argentine limit for the protection of aquatic life. In embryos exposure, water sample from S1 caused lethal effects (504h-LC50 = 49 (28-71.6)%), increased TBARS levels, and GST and CAT activities. In larvae exposure, water sample from this site decreased CAT activity, while the water sample from S2 caused important lethal effects (504h-LC50 = 98.72 (60.60-302.52)%), low GSH levels and increased GST activity. Water samples from both sites induced higher micronuclei frequency than the negative control. This study alerts about the degradation of water quality of the studied sites including lethal and sublethal effects in R. arenarum that can jeopardize the native populations of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julieta Peluso
- Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental, IIIA, UNSAM, CONICET, 3iA, Campus Miguelete, 25 de Mayo y Francia, 1650-San Martín, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Carolina M Aronzon
- Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental, IIIA, UNSAM, CONICET, 3iA, Campus Miguelete, 25 de Mayo y Francia, 1650-San Martín, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - María Del Carmen Ríos de Molina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina; Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Instituto Tecnología de los Alimentos, Argentina
| | - Dante E Rojas
- Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego Cristos
- Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cristina S Pérez Coll
- Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental, IIIA, UNSAM, CONICET, 3iA, Campus Miguelete, 25 de Mayo y Francia, 1650-San Martín, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina.
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Varea R, Piovano S, Ferreira M. Knowledge gaps in ecotoxicology studies of marine environments in Pacific Island Countries and Territories - A systematic review. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 156:111264. [PMID: 32510405 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The Pacific Island Countries and Territories (PICTs) are heavily dependent on the marine resources for food security, employment, government revenue and economic development, hence the concern about the potential exposure of these resources to pollutants. The main goal of this review was to identify ecotoxicology studies published that were done in PICTs. Four major gaps were identified: i) a quantitative gap, with low number of studies published on the PICTs; ii) a geographic gap, where ecotoxicology studies have unevenly covered the different PICTs; iii) a temporal gap, as no biological effect monitoring study has so far been published for the PICTs; and, iv) a pollutants gap, as all of the PICTs studies focused mainly on environmental monitoring studying on average two types of pollutants (heavy metals and pesticides) per PICT only. We suggest, therefore, the potential risk to the marine environment to be estimated by assessing the fate of pollutants via chemical and biological effect monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rufino Varea
- School of Marine Studies, Faculty of Science Technology and Environment, The University of the South Pacific, Laucala Bay Road, Suva, Fiji
| | - Susanna Piovano
- School of Marine Studies, Faculty of Science Technology and Environment, The University of the South Pacific, Laucala Bay Road, Suva, Fiji
| | - Marta Ferreira
- School of Marine Studies, Faculty of Science Technology and Environment, The University of the South Pacific, Laucala Bay Road, Suva, Fiji; CIIMAR/CIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
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Choi BS, Park JC, Kim MS, Han J, Kim DH, Hagiwara A, Sakakura Y, Hwang UK, Lee BY, Lee JS. The reference genome of the selfing fish Kryptolebias hermaphroditus: Identification of phases I and II detoxification genes. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2020; 35:100684. [PMID: 32464543 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2020.100684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The selfing fish Kryptolebias hermaphroditus has unique reproductive system for self-fertilization, making genetically homozygous offsprings. Here, we report on high density genetic map-based genome assembly for the K. hermaphroditus Panama line (PanRS). The numbers of scaffolds were 5212 and the genome was 683,992,224 bp (N50 = 27.45 Mb). The length of anchored scaffold onto 24 linkage groups was 652,231,070 bp (95.3% of genome) with 0.01% of the gap and 39.33% of GC content and complete Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologs value was 96.6%. The numbers of annotated genes were 36,756 (average gene length 1368 bp) with the GC content of 54.1%. To examine the difference between the two sister species in the genus Kryptolebias, we compared the genomes of K. hermaphroditus PanRS and Kryptolebias marmoratus PAN line on the composition of transposable elements. To demonstrate applications of genome library, phase I and II detoxification related gene families have been analyzed, and compared the syntenies containing loci of CYP and GST genes on linkage groups. This K. hermaphroditus genome information will be helpful for a better understanding on genome-wide mechanistic view of detoxification and antioxidant-related genes over evolution in the view of fish environmental ecotoxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jun Chul Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Min-Sub Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Jeonghoon Han
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Duck-Hyun Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Atsushi Hagiwara
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan; Organization for Marine Science and Technology, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Sakakura
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan; Organization for Marine Science and Technology, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Un-Ki Hwang
- Marine Ecological Risk Assessment Center, West Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Incheon 46083, South Korea
| | - Bo-Young Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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Gao Y, Xu H, Li L, Niu C. Immune defense parameters of wild fish as sensitive biomarkers for ecological risk assessment in shallow sea ecosystems: A case study with wild mullet (Liza haematocheila) in Liaodong Bay. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 194:110337. [PMID: 32120173 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Environmental monitoring is important to the health management of an ecosystem. Biomarkers are particularly relevant because they are direct indicators of any toxic effects on organisms and are cheaper to use compared with chemical indicators, especially for extremely low-level organic contaminants. Fish can be significantly affected by pollutants, given their high trophic levels in aquatic food chains. Their immune function is closely related to their survival. The present study compared immune function-related parameters of wild mullet (Liza haematocheila) samples from low (Jinzhou) and high (Yingkou) polluted sites during the pre-winter (PW) and pre-breeding (PB) periods in Liaodong Bay, to evaluate the effect of water pollution on fish health and to explore potential biomarkers of coast water pollution. Compared with Jinzhou mullet, there was a significantly higher level of hematocrit in Yingkou mullet, but a significantly lower serum lysozyme level (P < 0.001), indicating that these fish were immunosuppressed. Significant differences occurred in the spleen between the two site populations. The abnormal: normal fish ratio in Yingkou L. haematochila was significantly higher than that of Jinzhou L. haematochila (2.5 times of that of Jinzhou during PB and nine times during PW). The splenic index of male Yingkou L. haematochila was 47.2% higher than that of Jinzhou L. haematochila in PW (P = 0.001). Moreover, histological observations showed that the spleen of the former was more congestive, with increased numbers (39.6% more) of melanomacrophage centers (MMCs) and changes in pigments (hemosiderin 8.3% higher and melanin 29.4% higher), compared with the latter. The splenic MMC area of Yingkou L. haematochila was significantly smaller than that of Jinzhou L. haematochila (P < 0.05) in PB, but showed no clear difference in PW (P > 0.05). Splenic MMC number was significantly higher in individual Yingkou L. haematochila with abnormal livers compared with normal Yingkou L. haematochila during both sampling periods. The splenic MMC area in abnormal livers was approximately four times those of normal individuals during PB in Yingkou L. haematochila. The number of splenic melanomacrophages (MM) in abnormal livers was approximately nine times those of the normal livers during PW. There were also differences in pigments in normal Yingkou individuals compared with normal Jinzhou samples during PW (melanin 29.4% higher and hemosiderin 8.3% higher). Based on these results, we suggest that serum lysozyme activity, splenic MM number and MMC (both number and area), and melanin of local fish have potential as sensitive biomarkers for the assessment of coastal water pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Gao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Huanhuan Xu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Li Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Cuijuan Niu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
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10
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Bonnard M, Barjhoux I, Dedourge-Geffard O, Goutte A, Oziol L, Palos-Ladeiro M, Geffard A. Experience Gained from Ecotoxicological Studies in the Seine River and Its Drainage Basin Over the Last Decade: Applicative Examples and Research Perspectives. THE HANDBOOK OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/698_2019_384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe Seine River and its drainage basin are recognised as one of the most urbanised water systems in France. This chapter gathers typical applications of complementary ecotoxicological tools that were used in PIREN-Seine programmes for a decade to reflect the Seine River contamination as well as its biological repercussions on organisms. Ecotoxicological studies focused on both (1) specific bioassays and (2) (sub)-individual biological responses (i.e. biomarkers) measured in diverse taxa (i.e. crustaceans, mussels and fishes) representative of the trophic network. Experience gained from these studies made it possible to establish reference and threshold values for numerous biological endpoints. They now can be combined with chemical measurements within integrated models (i.e. the Weight of Evidence [WOE] approach) generating a global index of waterbody pollution. These biological endpoints today appear sufficiently relevant and mature to be proposed to water stakeholders as efficient tools to support environmental management strategies.
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11
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Catteau A, Le Guernic A, Marchand A, Hani YMI, Palluel O, Turiès C, Bado-Nilles A, Dedourge-Geffard O, Geffard A, Porcher JM. Impact of confinement and food access restriction on the three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus, L.) during caging: a multi-biomarker approach. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2019; 45:1261-1276. [PMID: 31222662 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-019-00670-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Caging is an active biomonitoring strategy that employs a sentinel species, sometimes a species naturally absent from the studied site, in the surveillance of water bodies to verify whether biota may be at risk. The main advantage of caging is the possibility to standardize several biotic and abiotic parameters. However, little knowledge is available about the effects of confinement on physiology and metabolism of caged organisms. The aim of this study is to characterize confinement and food access restriction effects, induced via caging experiments using a multi-biomarker approach (biometric data, immunity, antioxidant, metabolic detoxication, and digestive enzymes). The study has been undertaken using the same experiment conducted in ecosystem conditions using three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) during two different periods: one in April, corresponding to breeding season, and the other in October, outside breeding season. Fifteen fish were maintained for 21 days in different conditions (caged or uncaged and with or without food supply). The main result was that confinement stress had little impact on the biological markers of sticklebacks. However, the stressors seemed to increase the negative effects of food restriction on these biomarkers, when sticklebacks needed more energy, that is, during their breeding period. Outside breeding period, most investigated biomarkers were not impacted by caging. This study showed a way to specify the conditions of application and interpretation of biomarkers during active monitoring to ensure an effective, reliable diagnosis of water body quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Catteau
- UMR-I 02 SEBIO (Stress Environnementaux et Biosurveillance des milieux aquatiques), Institut National de l'Environnement et des Risques (INERIS), BP 2, 60550, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.
| | - Antoine Le Guernic
- UMR-I 02 SEBIO (Stress Environnementaux et Biosurveillance des milieux aquatiques), Institut National de l'Environnement et des Risques (INERIS), BP 2, 60550, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
- UMR-I 02 SEBIO, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Campus Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039, 51687, Reims, France
| | - Adrien Marchand
- UMR-I 02 SEBIO (Stress Environnementaux et Biosurveillance des milieux aquatiques), Institut National de l'Environnement et des Risques (INERIS), BP 2, 60550, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Younes M I Hani
- UMR-I 02 SEBIO (Stress Environnementaux et Biosurveillance des milieux aquatiques), Institut National de l'Environnement et des Risques (INERIS), BP 2, 60550, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
- UMR-I 02 SEBIO, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Campus Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039, 51687, Reims, France
| | - Olivier Palluel
- UMR-I 02 SEBIO (Stress Environnementaux et Biosurveillance des milieux aquatiques), Institut National de l'Environnement et des Risques (INERIS), BP 2, 60550, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Cyril Turiès
- UMR-I 02 SEBIO (Stress Environnementaux et Biosurveillance des milieux aquatiques), Institut National de l'Environnement et des Risques (INERIS), BP 2, 60550, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Anne Bado-Nilles
- UMR-I 02 SEBIO (Stress Environnementaux et Biosurveillance des milieux aquatiques), Institut National de l'Environnement et des Risques (INERIS), BP 2, 60550, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Odile Dedourge-Geffard
- UMR-I 02 SEBIO, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Campus Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039, 51687, Reims, France
| | - Alain Geffard
- UMR-I 02 SEBIO, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Campus Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039, 51687, Reims, France
| | - Jean-Marc Porcher
- UMR-I 02 SEBIO (Stress Environnementaux et Biosurveillance des milieux aquatiques), Institut National de l'Environnement et des Risques (INERIS), BP 2, 60550, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.
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12
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Erraud A, Bonnard M, Geffard O, Chaumot A, Duflot A, Geffard A, Forget-Leray J, Xuereb B. Assessment of sperm DNA integrity within the Palaemon longirostris (H. ) population of the Seine estuary. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 245:485-493. [PMID: 30458378 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The interpretation of biomarkers in natura should be based on a referential of expected values in uncontaminated conditions. Nevertheless, to build a reference data set of biomarker responses in estuarine areas, which receive chronic pollution loads due to their transition position between continent and sea, is impossible. In this context, the aim of the present work was to propose the use of laboratory recovery period to define a baseline for the measurement of sperm DNA damage by Comet assay in the estuarine prawn Palaemon longirostris. For that, sperm DNA integrity was observed after both a passive (i.e. 20 days in a clean environment) and an active (i.e. forced renewal of spermatophores) recovery of wild P. longirostris specimens from the Seine estuary, in laboratory conditions. Then, the levels of sperm DNA damage recorded within the P. longirostris population of the Seine estuary, during six campaigns of sampling from April 2015 to October 2017, have been interpreted according to the defined threshold values. The results showed a persistence in the level of DNA damage after 20-day in clean environment with the passive recovery. This strategy was inconclusive to reach a baseline level but it revealed the lack of DNA repair mechanisms. For the active recovery, a decrease of 54% of the level of DNA damage has been observed after the first renewal of spermatophores and this level stabilized after the second renewal. On the basis of this second strategy, we defined a mean basal value of sperm DNA damage of 54.9 A.U. and a maximum threshold of 69.7 A.U. (i.e. 95 %CI). The analysis of the results using the reference value highlighted significant abnormal sperm DNA damage within the native population of P. longirostris from the Seine estuary on all stations during the six-sampling campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Erraud
- Normandie Univ, UNIHAVRE, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, 76600, Le Havre, France
| | - Marc Bonnard
- Université Reims Champagne Ardenne, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, 51100, Reims, France
| | - Olivier Geffard
- IRSTEA, UR RiverLY Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, F-69625, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Arnaud Chaumot
- IRSTEA, UR RiverLY Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, F-69625, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Aurélie Duflot
- Normandie Univ, UNIHAVRE, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, 76600, Le Havre, France
| | - Alain Geffard
- Université Reims Champagne Ardenne, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, 51100, Reims, France
| | - Joëlle Forget-Leray
- Normandie Univ, UNIHAVRE, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, 76600, Le Havre, France
| | - Benoit Xuereb
- Normandie Univ, UNIHAVRE, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, 76600, Le Havre, France.
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13
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Erraud A, Bonnard M, Chaumot A, Geffard O, Duflot A, Forget-Leray J, Le Foll F, Geffard A, Xuereb B. Use of sperm DNA integrity as a marker for exposure to contamination in Palaemon serratus (Pennant 1777): Intrinsic variability, baseline level and in situ deployment. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 132:124-134. [PMID: 29324292 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.12.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In a previous study, the Comet assay was optimized for Palaemon serratus prawns in order to propose a biomarker for sperm quality in this species. However, better knowledge of its basal level and its natural variability, related to intrinsic biotic and environmental abiotic factors, is required before any relevant use of this biomarker in the field. To fulfill this goal, the present study proceeded in three steps: (i) the temporal variability of DNA integrity was followed monthly in a reference population over a 2-year period, (ii) the correlation between the main intrinsic biotic (i.e. size, weight and molting stage) and abiotic factors (i.e. water temperature) were recorded in the field, and the basal DNA integrity was assessed in order to scrutinize any confounding influence of factors unrelated to toxic response, (iii) the baseline level was used to discriminate biomarker response among different stations displaying contrasting contamination levels. The results of the two-year monitoring in the reference population revealed no correlation between the levels of spermatozoa DNA damage and temperature, body size, weight or molting stage. Only a slight variability between monthly samplings was detected. On the basis of these field-collected data, we defined a reference distribution (i.e. 52.6 ± 5.6 A.U) with a threshold value (i.e. 61.7 A.U). Finally, this threshold value proved its relevance to discriminate among stations with contrasting pollution levels around the Seine Bay. Indeed, the results suggest significant DNA damage in populations nearest the Seine estuary, a major source of contaminants in the Bay, and a lower effect in populations further away from the estuary. The overall conclusion was that the Comet assay on P. serratus spermatozoa could be a useful tool for the monitoring of the toxicological print within sperm and main globally the contamination exposure of crustaceans in marine waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Erraud
- Normandie Univ, UNIHAVRE, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, 76600 Le Havre, France
| | - Marc Bonnard
- Université Reims Champagne Ardenne, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Arnaud Chaumot
- IRSTEA, UR MALY Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Olivier Geffard
- IRSTEA, UR MALY Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Aurélie Duflot
- Normandie Univ, UNIHAVRE, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, 76600 Le Havre, France
| | - Joëlle Forget-Leray
- Normandie Univ, UNIHAVRE, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, 76600 Le Havre, France
| | - Frank Le Foll
- Normandie Univ, UNIHAVRE, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, 76600 Le Havre, France
| | - Alain Geffard
- Université Reims Champagne Ardenne, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Benoit Xuereb
- Normandie Univ, UNIHAVRE, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, 76600 Le Havre, France.
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14
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Hussain B, Sultana T, Sultana S, Al-Ghanim KA, Masoud MS, Mahboob S. Use of statistical analysis to validate ecogenotoxicology findings arising from various comet assay components. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:9730-9736. [PMID: 29368200 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1268-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cirrhinus mrigala, Labeo rohita, and Catla catla are economically important fish for human consumption in Pakistan, but industrial and sewage pollution has drastically reduced their population in the River Chenab. Statistics are an important tool to analyze and interpret comet assay results. The specific aims of the study were to determine the DNA damage in Cirrhinus mrigala, Labeo rohita, and Catla catla due to chemical pollution and to assess the validity of statistical analyses to determine the viability of the comet assay for a possible use with these freshwater fish species as a good indicator of pollution load and habitat degradation. Comet assay results indicated a significant (P < 0.05) degree of DNA fragmentation in Cirrhinus mrigala followed by Labeo rohita and Catla catla in respect to comet head diameter, comet tail length, and % DNA damage. Regression analysis and correlation matrices conducted among the parameters of the comet assay affirmed the precision and the legitimacy of the results. The present study, therefore, strongly recommends that genotoxicological studies conduct appropriate analysis of the various components of comet assays to offer better interpretation of the assay data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Hussain
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Tayyaba Sultana
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Salma Sultana
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Shahreef Masoud
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Mahboob
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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15
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Louiz I, Palluel O, Ben-Attia M, Aït-Aïssa S, Hassine OKB. Liver histopathology and biochemical biomarkers in Gobius niger and Zosterisessor ophiocephalus from polluted and non-polluted Tunisian lagoons (Southern Mediterranean Sea). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 128:248-258. [PMID: 29571371 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to appraise the response of a multi-marker approach in fish species, Gobius niger and Zosterisessor ophiocephalus, in a polluted lagoon (Bizerte lagoon: MB and ML sites) and in a reference site (Ghar-El-Melh lagoon entrance) by the analysis of physiological indexes, liver histopathology and some biochemical biomarkers. The results showed liver hypertrophy in fish collected from Bizerte lagoon as well as many non-specific lesions, unlike the reference site. All Bizerte lagoon sites had the same prevalence of histopathological lesions, but the mean intensity (MI) of parasites seemed to be more sensible as an indicator of pollution levels. Indeed, parasite MI was more important in MB site that has a higher pollution level. Also, biochemical biomarkers showed an induction in Bizerte lagoon sites with some differences within sites and species. The impact of the continuous release of pollution on the biomarker's response is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibtissem Louiz
- Université de Carthage, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Laboratoire de Biosurveillance de l'Environnement (LR01/ES14), 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia; Université de Tunis-El-Manar, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Unité de Recherche de Biologie Intégrative et Écologie Évolutive et Fonctionnelle des Milieux Aquatiques (UR11/ES08), 2092 El Manar, Tunisia.
| | - Olivier Palluel
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Unité d'Écotoxicologie In Vitro et In Vivo, f-60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Mossadok Ben-Attia
- Université de Carthage, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Laboratoire de Biosurveillance de l'Environnement (LR01/ES14), 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Sélim Aït-Aïssa
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Unité d'Écotoxicologie In Vitro et In Vivo, f-60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.
| | - Oum Kalthoum Ben Hassine
- Université de Tunis-El-Manar, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Unité de Recherche de Biologie Intégrative et Écologie Évolutive et Fonctionnelle des Milieux Aquatiques (UR11/ES08), 2092 El Manar, Tunisia
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16
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Ghisi NC, Oliveira EC, Guiloski IC, de Lima SB, Silva de Assis HC, Longhi SJ, Prioli AJ. Multivariate and integrative approach to analyze multiple biomarkers in ecotoxicology: A field study in Neotropical region. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 609:1208-1218. [PMID: 28787795 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic pollution has dramatically worsened in developing countries, due to the discharge of a mixture of pollutants into water bodies, to the lack of stringent laws, and the inadequate treatment of effluents. In this study, the Neotropical fish Astyanax aff. paranae was sampled from three sites with different pollution levels: 1) a Biological Reserve (Rebio), protected by the Brazilian government; 2) an agricultural area in one of the most productive regions of Brazil, upstream of an urban zone; and 3) a site downstream from urban zone, characterized by the influx of different effluents, including wastes from industry, a sewer treatment plant, and agricultural areas. We assess biomarkers at multiple levels, such as the comet assay, hepatic histopathological analysis, brain and muscle acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and the hepatic enzymes glutathione-S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), and lipoperoxidation (LPO), during winter and summer. The interpretation of field results is always a very complex operation, since many factors can influence the variables analyzed in uncontrollable conditions. For this reason, we apply an integrative multivariate analysis. The results showed that the environmental risk of the three sites was significantly different. We can see a gradient in data distribution in discriminant analysis: separating, from one side, the fish of Rebio; in the middle are the fish from agricultural area and, in the other side are the animals from downstream site. Overall, the biomarkers responses were more greatly altered in the downstream site, whereas fish from the agricultural area showed an intermediate level of damage. The greatest changes were likely caused by agriculture, industrial chemical effluents and ineffective sewage treatments, in a synergic interaction in downstream site. In conclusion, the use of multiple biomarkers at different response levels to assess the toxic effects of mixed pollutants in a natural aquatic environment is an important tool for monitoring polluted regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nédia C Ghisi
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos e Continentais (PEA)/Nupélia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Av. Colombo, 5790, Zona 7, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil; Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Campus Dois Vizinhos, Estrada para Boa Esperança, km 04, P.O. Box 157, 85660-000 Dois Vizinhos, PR, Brazil.
| | - Elton C Oliveira
- Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Campus Dois Vizinhos, Estrada para Boa Esperança, km 04, P.O. Box 157, 85660-000 Dois Vizinhos, PR, Brazil
| | - Izonete C Guiloski
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Rua Coronel Fco. H. dos Santos, s/n, P.O. Box 19031, 81531-990 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Sonia Barbosa de Lima
- Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Campus Campo Mourão, Via Rosalina Maria dos Santos, 1233, P. O. Box 271, 87301-899 Campo Mourão, PR, Brazil
| | - Helena C Silva de Assis
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Rua Coronel Fco. H. dos Santos, s/n, P.O. Box 19031, 81531-990 Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | - Solon Jonas Longhi
- Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Campus Dois Vizinhos, Estrada para Boa Esperança, km 04, P.O. Box 157, 85660-000 Dois Vizinhos, PR, Brazil
| | - Alberto J Prioli
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos e Continentais (PEA)/Nupélia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Av. Colombo, 5790, Zona 7, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil.
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17
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Han J, Kim DH, Kim HS, Kim HJ, Declerck SAJ, Hagiwara A, Lee JS. Genome-wide identification of 31 cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes in the freshwater rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus and analysis of their benzo[α]pyrene-induced expression patterns. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2017; 25:26-33. [PMID: 29126086 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
While marine invertebrate cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes and their roles in detoxification mechanisms have been studied, little information is available regarding freshwater rotifer CYPs and their functions. Here, we used genomic sequences and RNA-seq databases to identify 31 CYP genes in the freshwater rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus. The 31 Bc-CYP genes with a few tandem duplications were clustered into CYP 2, 3, 4, mitochondrial, and 46 clans with two marine rotifers Brachionus plicatilis and Brachionus koreanus. To understand the molecular responses of these 31 Bc-CYP genes, we also examined their expression patterns in response to benzo[α]pyrene (B[α]P). Three Bc-CYP genes (Bc-CYP3044B3, Bc-CYP3049B4, Bc-CYP3049B6) were significantly upregulated (P<0.05) in response to B[α]P, suggesting that these CYP genes can be involved in detoxification in response to B[α]P exposure. These genes might be useful as biomarkers of B[α]P exposure in B. calyciflorus. Overall, our findings expand the repertoire of known CYPs and shed light on their potential roles in xenobiotic detoxification in rotifers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghoon Han
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Duck-Hyun Kim
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Hui-Su Kim
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Hee-Jin Kim
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Steven A J Declerck
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), PO Box 50, 6700 AB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Atsushi Hagiwara
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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18
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Santos R, Joyeux A, Palluel O, Palos-Ladeiro M, Besnard A, Blanchard C, Porcher JM, Bony S, Devaux A, Sanchez W. Characterization of a genotoxicity biomarker in three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus L.): Biotic variability and integration in a battery of biomarkers for environmental monitoring. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2016; 31:415-426. [PMID: 25346099 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2014] [Revised: 09/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
As a large array of hazardous substances exhibiting genotoxicity are discharged into surface water, this work aimed at assessing the relevance of adding a genotoxicity biomarker in a battery of biomarkers recently developed in the model fish three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus). First the confounding influence of gender, body length, and season (used as a proxy of age and of the fish reproductive status, respectively) on the level of primary DNA damage in erythrocytes was investigated in wild sticklebacks. Then, the genotoxity biomarker was included in a large battery of biomarkers assessing xenobiotic biotransformation, oxidative stress and neurotoxicity, and implemented in five sites. Gender, age and reproductive status did not influence DNA damage level in fish from the reference site. A significant relationship between the level of primary DNA damage and fish length (as a proxy of age also correlated to the season) was highlighted in the contaminated site. Among all biomarkers investigated in the field, the level of DNA damage was one of the four most discriminating biomarkers with EROD, catalase activity and the level of lipid peroxidation representing together 75.40% of the discriminating power in sampled fish. The level of DNA damage was correlated to the EROD activity and to the level of peroxidation, which mainly discriminated fish from sites under urban pressure. Finally, Integrated Biomarker Response indexes (IBRv2), which were calculated with the whole biomarker response dataset exhibited higher values in the Reveillon (9.62), the Scarpe and Rhonelle contaminated sites (5.11 and 4.90) compared with the two reference sites (2.38 and 2.55). The present work highlights that integration of a genotoxicity biomarker in a multiparametric approach is relevant to assess ecotoxicological risk in freshwater aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Santos
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Unité d'écotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, BP 2, F-60550, Verneuil en Halatte, France
- Université de Lyon, UMR 5023 LEHNA, F-69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Aude Joyeux
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Unité d'écotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, BP 2, F-60550, Verneuil en Halatte, France
| | - Olivier Palluel
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Unité d'écotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, BP 2, F-60550, Verneuil en Halatte, France
- UMR-I 02 Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques, INERIS, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Université du Havre, France
| | - Mélissa Palos-Ladeiro
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Unité d'écotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, BP 2, F-60550, Verneuil en Halatte, France
| | - Aurélien Besnard
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (UMR 5175), Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Biogéographie et Ecologie des Vertébrés, campus CNRS, 1919 route de Mende, 34 293 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - Christophe Blanchard
- Office National de l'Eau et des Milieux Aquatiques, Délégation Inter-Régionale Nord-Ouest, 60200, Compiègne, France
| | - Jean Marc Porcher
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Unité d'écotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, BP 2, F-60550, Verneuil en Halatte, France
- UMR-I 02 Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques, INERIS, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Université du Havre, France
| | - Sylvie Bony
- Université de Lyon, UMR 5023 LEHNA, F-69100, Villeurbanne, France
- INRA, USC LEHNA 1369, ENTPE, F-69518, Vaulx en Velin, France
| | - Alain Devaux
- Université de Lyon, UMR 5023 LEHNA, F-69100, Villeurbanne, France
- INRA, USC LEHNA 1369, ENTPE, F-69518, Vaulx en Velin, France
| | - Wilfried Sanchez
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Unité d'écotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, BP 2, F-60550, Verneuil en Halatte, France
- UMR-I 02 Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques, INERIS, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Université du Havre, France
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Capela R, Raimundo J, Santos MM, Caetano M, Micaelo C, Vale C, Guimarães L, Reis-Henriques MA. The use of biomarkers as integrative tools for transitional water bodies monitoring in the Water Framework Directive context - A holistic approach in Minho river transitional waters. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 539:85-96. [PMID: 26356181 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.08.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The Water Framework Directive (WFD) provides an important legislative opportunity to promote and implement an integrated approach for the protection of inland surface waters, transitional waters, coastal waters and groundwaters. The transitional waters constitute a central piece as they are usually under high environmental pressure and by their inherent characteristics present monitoring challenges. Integrating water quality monitoring with biological monitoring can increase the cost-effectiveness of monitoring efforts. One way of doing this is with biomarkers, which effectively integrate physical-chemical status and biological quality elements, dealing holistically with adverse consequences on the health of water bodies. The new Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) already incorporates the biomarker approach. Given the recent activities of OSPAR and HELCOM to harmonize existing monitoring guidelines between MSFD and WFD the use of similar methodologies should be fostered. To illustrate the potential of the biomarker approach, juveniles of flounder (Platichthys flesus) were used to evaluate the quality of the Minho river-estuary water bodies. The use of juveniles instead of adults eliminates several confounding factors such changes on the biological responses associated with reproduction. Here, a panel of well-established biomarkers, EROD, AChE, SOD, CAT, GST, LPO, ENA and FACs (1-Hydroxyrene) were selected and measured along with a gradient of different physical conditions, and integrated with trace elements characterization on both biota and sediments. In general, a clear profile along the water bodies was found, with low seasonal and spatial variation, consistent with a low impacted area. Overall, the results support the use of both the battery of biomarkers and the use of juvenile flounders in the monitoring of the water quality status within the WFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Capela
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre for Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas, 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal.
| | - J Raimundo
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre for Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas, 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal; IPMA - Portuguese Institute of the Sea and Atmosphere, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - M M Santos
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre for Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas, 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal; FCUP - Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - M Caetano
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre for Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas, 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal; IPMA - Portuguese Institute of the Sea and Atmosphere, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - C Micaelo
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre for Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas, 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal; IPMA - Portuguese Institute of the Sea and Atmosphere, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - C Vale
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre for Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas, 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal; IPMA - Portuguese Institute of the Sea and Atmosphere, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - L Guimarães
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre for Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas, 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal
| | - M A Reis-Henriques
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre for Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas, 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal.
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20
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Fortes Carvalho Neta RN, Pinheiro Sousa DB, de Macêdo Sobrinho IC, Yarbrough Horton E, da Silva de Almeida Z, Tchaicka L, de Sousa AL. Genotoxic and hematological parameters in Colossoma macropomum (Pisces, Serrasalmidae) as biomarkers for environmental impact assessment in a protected area in northeastern Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:15994-16003. [PMID: 26062456 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4748-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Genotoxic and hematological parameters in tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum), a native freshwater fish, were used as biomarkers to assess exposure to environmental stressors within the Maracanã Protected Area of Maranhão State, Brazil. Fish were sampled at two sites-Serena Lagoon (control) and Ambude River-on four occasions (dry and rainy season), and biometric data (length and weight) recorded and blood collected from all fish for analysis. Erythrocyte indices-mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration-were calculated. Blood samples were stained with Giemsa and acridine orange, and microscopically examined for micronuclei and morphological nuclear abnormalities. Micronuclei were observed in fish from both sites, although the frequency was significantly higher in fish from the Ambude River and morphological nuclear abnormalities were only observed in fish from the Ambude River. More morphological nuclear abnormalities and a larger number of micronuclei were observed in erythrocytes stained with acridine orange compared with those stained with Giemsa. On average, erythrocyte indices were lower in fish from the Ambude River than from the Serena Lagoon. The results confirm that genotoxic and hematological parameters in C. macropomum can be used as indicators of environmental health and could be valuable tools for monitoring environmental conditions within protected areas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Débora Batista Pinheiro Sousa
- Postgraduate Program of Aquatic Resources and Fishery (PPGRAP/UEMA), State University of Maranhão (UEMA), Campus Paulo VI, São Luis, Maranhão, Brazil
| | | | - Emily Yarbrough Horton
- Department of Anthropology, Ecological and Environmental, University of Georgia (UGA), Athens, GA, USA
| | - Zafira da Silva de Almeida
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, State University of Maranhão (UEMA), Campus Paulo VI, São Luis, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Lígia Tchaicka
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, State University of Maranhão (UEMA), Campus Paulo VI, São Luis, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Alana Lislea de Sousa
- Department of Clinical Veterinary, State University of Maranhão (UEMA), Campus Paulo VI, São Luis, Maranhão, Brazil
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21
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Anbumani S, Mohankumar MN. Cytogenotoxicity assessment of monocrotophos and butachlor at single and combined chronic exposures in the fish Catla catla (Hamilton). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:4964-4976. [PMID: 25378033 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3782-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Cytogenotoxic effects in the form of micronuclei and deformed nucleus, nuclear buds, binucleated cells, vacuolated nucleus, vacuolated cytoplasm, echinocytes, and enucleus induced by two compounds belonging to two different chemical classes of agrochemicals (monocrotophos and butachlor) at sublethal concentrations (0.625, 1.3, and 2.3 ppm and 0.016, 0.032, and 0.064 ppm) in single and combined chronic exposures were studied under laboratory conditions for a period of 35 days in the economically important Indian fish Catla catla. Statistically significant duration-dependent increases in the frequencies of micronucleus (MN) and other cytological anomalies were observed. Compared to single exposures, a twofold increase in micronuclei frequency was noted at combined exposures indicating the synergistic phenomenon. Binucleated and enucleated cells appeared only in fishes exposed to sublethal concentrations of butachlor. The present study is the first of its kind in exploring a significant positive correlation between micronuclei and other nuclear anomalies suggesting them as new possible biomarkers of genotoxicity after agrochemical exposures. The study highlights the sensitivity of the assay in exploring various predictive biomarkers of genotoxic and cytotoxic events and also elicits the synergistic effects of agrochemicals in apparently healthy fishes. C. catla can be considered as a suitable aquatic biomonitoring sentinel species of contaminated water bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Anbumani
- Radiological Safety Division, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR), Kalpakkam, Tamilnadu, 603102, India,
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22
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Hackenberger BK, Velki M, Lončarić Z, Hackenberger DK, Ečimović S. Effect of different river flow rates on biomarker responses in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2015; 112:153-160. [PMID: 25463866 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Revised: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated effects of different river flow rates on basal activities of selected biomarkers and the occurrence of oxidative stress in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Juvenile carp were exposed to different river flow rates (5-120 cm/s) by caging for 3 weeks. After this period, one half of the fish were sacrificed and used for analysis. The other half received a single intraperitoneal injection of 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC) and after 6 days were sacrificed and used for analysis. In order to investigate whether the physical activity of carp in the environment will influence the condition status of carp, following biomarkers were measured - activities of glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT) and ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) and concentration of protein carbonyls (PC). The results showed that different flow rates significantly influenced biochemical biomarkers. The basal activity of GST did not change significantly after exposure to different river flow rates, whereas the activity of CAT increased with increasing river flow rates. The application of 3-MC caused significant increases in GST and CAT activities, but there were no difference between 3-MC control and 3-MC different flow rates. The occurrence of oxidative stress as a result of exposure to increased physical activity, i.e. increased river flow rates, was confirmed by measurement of PC levels - the level of PC increased with increasing river flow rates. Measurement of EROD basal activity showed that at lower river flow rates the EROD activity increased and at higher river flow rates decreased towards control levels demonstrating a close relationship between oxidative stress, PC levels and EROD activity. Obviously, biomarker responses in carp of different condition status can differ substantially. It can be concluded that flow rate may be an important factor in biomonitoring of rivers using biomarkers and since at different locations river water flow rate can vary significantly, the site selection is extremely important for proper design of river biomonitoring studies involving caging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Branimir K Hackenberger
- Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8/A, 31000 Osijek, Croatia.
| | - Mirna Velki
- Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8/A, 31000 Osijek, Croatia.
| | - Zeljka Lončarić
- Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8/A, 31000 Osijek, Croatia.
| | - Davorka K Hackenberger
- Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8/A, 31000 Osijek, Croatia.
| | - Sandra Ečimović
- Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8/A, 31000 Osijek, Croatia.
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23
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Gao Y, Li X, Guo J, Sun Z. Reproductive responses of the earthworm (Eisenia fetida) to antiparasitic albendazole exposure. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 120:1-7. [PMID: 25462294 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Revised: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Albendazole (ABZ) is a veterinary drug with a high efficiency against helminths. Here reproductive responses of earthworms Eisenia fetida to ABZ exposure (0, 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 mg kg(-1) soil dry weight) were investigated for 56 d in chronic reproduction test, and deformed sperm were counted and morphological alterations in the seminal vesicles were qualitatively assessed by light and transmission electron microscopy. Results have showed that cocoon number of earthworms was more sensitive to low concentrations of ABZ than cocoon hatching success and hatching survival, showing a significant dose-related decrease in cocoon number at 3, 6, 9 and 12 mg kg(-1). In short-time exposure of 14 d, the sperm deformity (%) of earthworms increased at 6, 9 and 12 mg kg(-1), and the microstructural alteration in seminal vesicles was also observed at these concentrations, whereas ultrastructural alteration of germ cells, particularly morphology of mitochondria, was observed at 3 mg kg(-1) and above, suggesting the high sensitivity of germ cell ultrastructure to low concentrations of ABZ in short-time exposure. The results can provide important information for prediction of ecologically significant toxic effects.
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24
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Ghisi NDC, de Oliveira EC, Fávaro LF, Silva de Assis HC, Prioli AJ. In situ assessment of a neotropical fish to evaluate pollution in a river receiving agricultural and urban wastewater. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2014; 93:699-709. [PMID: 25319198 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-014-1403-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to assess the quality of a midsize river that receives agricultural and urban wastewater. Nuclear abnormalities (NA), comet assays of blood and gills, and gill histopathology were evaluated in fish Astyanax aff. paranae during the summer and winter 2011 at three sites in Paraná State, Brazil: (1) a biological reserve (Rebio-reference area); (2) an agricultural site; (3) a downstream site that accumulates agricultural and urban effluents. We found the highest effects of pollutants in fish at the downstream site during the summer. The agricultural site showed an intermediate damage rate, and fish at Rebio generally had the least damage, with the exception of NA. Despite conflicting results from the biomarkers used, we observed an increase in damage associated with the accumulation of pollutants. Pesticides are probable xenobiotics in the agricultural area. Additionally, metals and substances such as pharmaceuticals and ammonia may be present at the downstream site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nédia de Castilhos Ghisi
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais (PEA)/Nupélia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Maringá, PR, Brazil,
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25
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Dupuy C, Galland C, Devaux A, Bony S, Loizeau V, Danion M, Pichereau V, Fournier M, Laroche J. Responses of the European flounder (Platichthys flesus) to a mixture of PAHs and PCBs in experimental conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:13789-13803. [PMID: 24504773 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-2563-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A multibiomarker approach was developed to evaluate the juvenile European flounder responses to a complex mixture of 9 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and 12 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Exposure was performed through contaminated food pellets displaying: (1) PAH and PCB levels similar to those detected in the heavily polluted Seine estuary, respectively in sediments and in flatfish and (2) ten times these concentrations. Several biomarkers of the immune system (e.g., lysozyme concentration and gene expression of complement component C3 and TNF-receptor), DNA damage (e.g., Comet assay), energetic metabolism (e.g., activity of cytochrome C oxidase), detoxification process (e.g., cytochrome P450 1A1 expression level: CYP1A1; betaine homocysteine methyl transferase expression level: BHMT) were investigated after 14 and 29 days of contamination, followed by a 14-days recovery period. After 29 days of contamination, the detoxification activity (CYP1A1 expression level) was positively correlated with DNA damages; the increase of the BHMT expression level could also be related to the detoxification process. Furthermore, after the recovery period, some biomarkers were still upregulated (i.e., CYP1A1 and BHMT expression levels). The immune system was significantly modulated by the chemical stress at the two concentration levels, and the lysozyme appeared to be the most sensitive marker of the mixture impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Célie Dupuy
- UMR 6539 CNRS/UBO/IRD/Ifremer, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin LEMAR, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Université de Bretagne occidentale, Plouzané, 29280, France,
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26
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Sunjog K, Kolarević S, Kračun-Kolarević M, Gačić Z, Skorić S, Ðikanović V, Lenhardt M, Vuković-Gačić B. Variability in DNA damage of chub (Squalius cephalus L.) blood, gill and liver cells during the annual cycle. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2014; 37:967-974. [PMID: 24709324 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2014.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Revised: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this work the genotoxic potential of water in three localities in Serbia, which differ by the nature and degree of pollution, was determined in tissues of European chub (Squalius cephalus L.) on monthly basis over the 2011/2012 year season using the alkaline comet assay. Specimen samples of chub were taken from Special Nature Reserve "Uvac", as control site, and Pestan and Beljanica Rivers, as polluted sites at Kolubara basin, surrounded with coal mines. Three tissues, blood, gills and liver were used for assessing the level of DNA damage. Analysis was done by software (Comet Assay IV). The control site at Reserve "Uvac" showed the lowest DNA damage values for all three tissues compared to Pestan and Beljanica. Blood has the lowest level of DNA damage in comparison with liver and gills. Decreased damage for all three tissues was observed at summer, while during the spring and autumn damage increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sunjog
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Kneza Višeslava 1, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - S Kolarević
- Center for Genotoxicology and Ecogenotoxicology, Chair of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Studenski Trg 16, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - M Kračun-Kolarević
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", Despota Stefana 142, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Z Gačić
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Kneza Višeslava 1, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - S Skorić
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Kneza Višeslava 1, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - V Ðikanović
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", Despota Stefana 142, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - M Lenhardt
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Kneza Višeslava 1, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - B Vuković-Gačić
- Center for Genotoxicology and Ecogenotoxicology, Chair of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Studenski Trg 16, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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27
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Lee JH, Kim JH, Oh HM, An KG. Multi-level stressor analysis from the DNA/biochemical level to community levels in an urban stream and integrative health response (IHR) assessments. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2013; 48:211-222. [PMID: 23043344 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2012.717818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to identify multi-level stressors at the DNA/biochemical level to the community level in fish in an urban stream and to develop an integrative health response (IHR) model for ecological health diagnosis. A pristine control site (S (c) ) and an impacted site (S (i) ) were selected from among seven pre-screened sites studied over seven years. Various chemical analyses indicated that nutrient enrichment (Nitrogen, Phosphorus) and organic pollution were significantly greater (t > 8.783, p < 0.01) at the S (i) site compared to the S (c) site. Single-cell gel electrophoresis (comet assays) of DNA-level impairment indicated significantly (t = 5.678, p < 0.01) greater tail intensity, expressed as % tail-DNA, at the S (i) site and genotoxic responses were detected in the downstream reach. Ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) assays, as a physiological bioindicator, were 2.8-fold higher (p < 0.05, NK-test after ANOVA) at the S (i) site. Tissue analysis using a necropsy-based health assessment index (NHAI) showed distinct internal organ disorders in three tissues, i.e., liver, kidney, and gill, at the S (i) site. Population-level analysis using the sentinel species Zacco platypus showed that the regression coefficient (b) was 3.012 for the S (i) site and 2.915 for the S (c) site, indicating population skewness in the downstream reach. Community-level health was impaired at the S (i) site based on an index of biological integrity (IBI), and physical habitat modifications were identified by a qualitative habitat evaluation index (QHEI). Overall, the model values for the integrative health response (IHR), developed using the star plot approach, were 3.22 (80.5%) at the S (c) site and 0.74 (18.5%) at the S (i) site, indicating that, overall, ecological health impairments were evident in the urban reach. Our study was based on multi-level approaches using biological organization and the results suggest that there is a pivotal point of linkage between mechanistic understanding and real ecological consequences of environmental stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hoon Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
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28
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Copat C, Brundo MV, Arena G, Grasso A, Oliveri Conti G, Ledda C, Fallico R, Sciacca S, Ferrante M. Seasonal variation of bioaccumulation in Engraulis encrasicolus (Linneaus, 1758) and related biomarkers of exposure. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2012; 86:31-7. [PMID: 23020986 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2012] [Revised: 09/03/2012] [Accepted: 09/06/2012] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
In the last years, the development of new techniques and the increase of sophisticated assays has improved the environmental monitoring programs by using fish as bioindicators of marine ecosystems, applying a multibiomarkers approach. The aim of this study was to assess the contamination level of the Catania Gulf through bioaccumulation and contaminant exposure response in Engraulis encrasicolus (Linnaeus, 1758). Heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were analyzed in muscle tissue of the species. Furthermore we evaluated biomarkers of exposure to such contaminants: the metallothioneins (MTs), the ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) and stress protein or "heat shock proteins" (HSP70). In total, three sampling of 30 specimens each were performed during 2011. Comparison between classes of contaminants was performed using Student's t-test for paired samples Data showed that: the populations of E. encrasicolus accumulated a certain amount of metals, PAHs and organochlorine compounds in their tissues, that, however, did not exceed the legal limits set by Regulation 1881/2006 for contaminants in fish muscle; essential metals accumulate more during the reproductive periods of the species; the accumulation of heavy metals and PAHs are more closely related to natural and anthropogenic events; the presence of PCBs, although in traces, is the confirmation that banned compounds persist in the environment for several years; the levels of contaminants found in the tissues of the species do not seem to be likely to cause toxic effects both in the studied fish species. In conclusion, environmental risk assessment came out in this study for the Catania Gulf, showed a positive picture, although the contaminants detected are related to a certain degree of anthropic impact, and should be constantly monitored to ensure quality standards of the studied area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Copat
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health G.F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 87, 95123 Catania, Italy
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29
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Tomasello B, Copat C, Pulvirenti V, Ferrito V, Ferrante M, Renis M, Sciacca S, Tigano C. Biochemical and bioaccumulation approaches for investigating marine pollution using Mediterranean rainbow wrasse, Coris julis (Linneaus 1798). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2012; 86:168-175. [PMID: 23025894 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2012] [Revised: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 09/10/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A multibiomarkers approach was used in order to estimate and monitor marine pollution. Coris julis (Linneaus, 1758) was chosen as a sentinel organism, and the specimens were collected from three well-known sites along the Ionic coast of Sicily: the protected marine area (P.M.A) "Cyclop's Islands" of Acitrezza (CT), used as a control site, Riposto (CT), and the industrial site of Augusta (SR). Abiotic levels of contaminants were also detected. High levels of biotic and abiotic accumulation were found at the industrial site in which the presence of genotoxic and oxidative damage were also evidenced, measured by Micronuclei, Alkaline and Fpg-modified Comet assays. The protein expression analysis showed metallothioneins (MTs) as good tissue-specific markers of metal accumulation. Their levels were significantly higher in muscle than in liver tissue for all the sampling sites, with a positive correlation among tissue levels and the degree of pollution at the sites. Conversely, heat shock proteins 70 (HSP70) expression was higher in Augusta and Riposto than in the control site, but no significant difference was found between the examined tissues among all sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Tomasello
- Department of Drug's Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
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Otter RR, Meier J, Kubach KM, Lazorchak JM, Klaine SJ. The effects of urbanization on Lepomis macrochirus using the comet assay. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2012; 84:299-303. [PMID: 22885057 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2012] [Revised: 07/25/2012] [Accepted: 07/27/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Urbanization has been linked to increased concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in natural waterways. This study was designed to examine the impact of urbanization and a wastewater treatment plant by investigating the impact on field-collected bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus). Results show a significant increase in DNA strand breaks in blood cells (comet assay) linked to urbanization and a reduction in DNA strand breaks downstream of the WWTP, likely the result of dilution. A laboratory study exposing L. macrochirus to the known mutagen, methyl methanesulfonate, was performed to validate the comet assay endpoints in this species. Results of the laboratory study showed that the comet assay endpoints of tail length and tail extent moment responded in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Habitat quality assessments, along with chemical concentrations of polycyclic hydrocarbons in sediments showed that habitat quality between all sites were similar and that hydrocarbons likely contributed to the DNA strand breaks observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan R Otter
- Clemson Institute of Environmental Toxicology, Clemson University, Pendleton, SC, USA.
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31
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Jolly S, Bado-Nilles A, Lamand F, Turies C, Chadili E, Porcher JM, Betoulle S, Sanchez W. Multi-biomarker approach in wild European bullhead, Cottus sp., exposed to agricultural and urban environmental pressures: practical recommendations for experimental design. CHEMOSPHERE 2012; 87:675-683. [PMID: 22265682 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.12.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2011] [Revised: 12/20/2011] [Accepted: 12/20/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In freshwater ecosystems, a large number of chemical substances are able to disturb homeostasis of fish by modulating one or more physiological functions including the immune system. The aim of this study was to assess multi-biomarker responses including immunotoxicity induced by urban and agricultural pressure in European bullheads living in a small French river basin. For this purpose, a set of biochemical, immunological, physiological and histological parameters was measured in wild bullheads from five locations characterized by various environmental pressures. Moreover, to address effects of physiological status and contamination level variation on biomarker responses, fish were sampled during three periods (April, July and October). Results revealed a clear impact of environmental pressure on fish health and particularly on immunological status. An increase of EROD activity was recorded between upstream and downstream sites. Upstream sites were also characterized by neurotoxicological effects. Fish exhibited upstream/downstream variations of immunological status but strong differences were observed according to sampling season. Conversely, regarding biochemical and immunological effects, no significant response of physiological indexes was recorded related to environmental pressures. According to these results, the European bullhead appears as a valuable model fish species to assess adverse effects in wildlife due to urban and agricultural pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Jolly
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Unité d'Ecotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, BP2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
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32
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Endocrine disruptions induced by artificial induction of mercury chloride on sea bream. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00580-012-1465-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Ben Ameur W, de Lapuente J, El Megdiche Y, Barhoumi B, Trabelsi S, Camps L, Serret J, Ramos-López D, Gonzalez-Linares J, Driss MR, Borràs M. Oxidative stress, genotoxicity and histopathology biomarker responses in mullet (Mugil cephalus) and sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) liver from Bizerte Lagoon (Tunisia). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2012; 64:241-251. [PMID: 22206722 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Revised: 11/27/2011] [Accepted: 11/30/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of environmental contaminants on oxidative stress, genotoxic and histopathologic biomarkers in liver of mullet (Mugil cephalus) and sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) collected from a polluted coastal lagoon (Bizerte Lagoon) in comparison to a reference site (the Mediterranean Sea). Antioxidant enzyme activities were lower in fish from the polluted site compared with fish from the reference site, suggesting deficiency of the antioxidant system to compensate for oxidative stress. DNA damage was higher in both fish species from the contaminated site indicating genotoxic effects. The liver histopathological analysis revealed alterations in fish from Bizerte Lagoon. Hepatocytes from both fish species featured extensive lipid-type vacuolation and membrane disruption. Results suggest that the selected biomarkers in both fish species are useful for the assessment of pollution impacts in coastal environments influenced by multiple pollution sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid Ben Ameur
- Laboratory of Environmental Analytical Chemistry (05/UR/12-03), University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences, Bizerte, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia
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Gupta AK, Ahmad M. Assessment of cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of refinery waste effluent using plant, animal and bacterial systems. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2012; 201-202:92-99. [PMID: 22169142 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2011] [Revised: 10/19/2011] [Accepted: 11/11/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The work described here presents the toxic effect of Mathura refinery wastewater (MRWW) in plant (Allium cepa), bacterial (E. coli K12) and human (blood) system. The samples were collected from adjoining area of Mathura refinery, Dist. Mathura, U.P. (India). Chromosomal aberration test and micronucleus assay in (A. cepa) system, E. coli K12 survival assay as well as hemolysis assay in human blood were employed to assess the toxicity of MRWW. MRWW exposure resulted in the formation of micronuclei and bridges in chromosomes of A. cepa cells. A significant decline occurred in survival of DNA repair defective mutants of E. coli K12 exposed to MRWW. On incubation with MRWW, calf thymus DNA-EtBr fluorescence intensity decreased and percent hemolysis of human blood cells increased. An induction in the MDA levels of MRWW treated A. cepa roots indicated lipid peroxidation also. Collectively, the results demonstrate a significant genotoxic and cytotoxic potential of MRWW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002 U.P., India
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Biochemical markers for the assessment of aquatic environment contamination. Interdiscip Toxicol 2011; 1:169-81. [PMID: 21218108 PMCID: PMC2993484 DOI: 10.2478/v10102-010-0034-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2008] [Revised: 08/01/2008] [Accepted: 08/18/2008] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The need for assessment of aquatic ecosystem contamination and of its impact on water dwelling organisms was developed in response to rising aquatic environmental pollution. In this field study, liver enzymes of phase I and phase II of xenobiotic transformation, namely cytochrome P450, ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase, glutathione-S-transferase and tripeptide glutathione were used to assess the contamination of the aquatic environment at different rivers in the Czech Republic. The indicator species selected was the male chub (Leuciscus cephalus L.) and male brown trout (Salmo trutta fario). Chemical analyses included also the assessment of the most important inductors of previously mentioned biochemical markers. The major inductors of monitored biomarkers are industrial contaminants which belong to a large group of organic pollutants (PCB, PAH, PCDD/F, DDT, HCH, HCB and OCS), persistent in the environment. Four different groups of river basins were assessed: the River Tichá Orlice and its tributary the Kralický brook; important tributaries of the River Elbe (the rivers Orlice, Chrudimka, Cidlina, Jizera, Vltava, Ohře and Bílina); major rivers in the Czech Republic (the rivers Lužnice, Otava, Sázava, Berounka, Vltava, Labe, Ohře, Svratka, Dyje, Morava and Odra) and the River Vltava. The use of the biochemical markers together with chemical analyses seems to be an effective way to monitor the quality of aquatic environment.
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Pavlica M, Stambuk A, Malović L, Mladinić M, Klobučar GIV. DNA integrity of chub erythrocytes (Squalius cephalus L.) as an indicator of pollution-related genotoxicity in the River Sava. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2011; 177:85-94. [PMID: 20661769 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-010-1620-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2009] [Accepted: 07/09/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
An alkaline comet assay and a micronucleus test were carried out on erythrocytes of the European chub, Squalius cephalus L., collected in spring and autumn in 2005 and 2006 at three sampling sites in River Sava, near Zagreb, Croatia. The results of comet assay showed the lowest genotoxic influence at the least polluted site, while higher DNA damage was observed at the polluted sites. Although the basal levels of DNA damage were elevated, a clear gradation of DNA damage was found due to pollution intensity in all sampling periods. The lowest cytogenetic damage as revealed by the micronucleus test (MNT) was observed as well at the least polluted site. High variations in MN frequency were observed between sampling periods, although the number of micronucleated erythrocytes was consistently the highest one at the polluted site. The comet assay as a biomarker of genotoxic effect exhibited higher sensitivity in discriminating the genotoxic capacity of studied polluted sites while the MNT was less sensitive. However, both tests should be used together in biomonitoring studies because they can reveal different aspects of DNA damage; comet assay, the early event of genotoxic exposure, and MNT, its final result as a mutagenic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjana Pavlica
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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Wang C, Gu X, Wang X, Guo H, Geng J, Yu H, Sun J. Stress response and potential biomarkers in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) seedlings exposed to soil lead. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2011; 74:41-47. [PMID: 20933285 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2009.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2008] [Revised: 02/20/2009] [Accepted: 02/21/2009] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and biochemical responses of spinach seedlings to soil Pb stress were investigated by pot experiments. The seedlings were exposed to 0-500 mg kg(-1) extraneous Pb. After 30 days of germination, production of O(2)(-), HSP 70, HSP 60, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, carbonyl groups and lipid peroxidation was significantly induced by soil Pb. After 50 days, HSP 70 and HSP 60 decreased, and HSP 60 was significantly inhibited at 500 mg kg(-1). The results indicated that Pb probably induced oxidative stress and proteotoxicity to the seedlings through O(2)(-) accumulation, and that SOD, HSP 70 and HSP 60 were important defense mechanisms to alleviate the oxidative stress. It is found that O(2)(-), HSP 70 and HSP 60 were the most sensitive parameters and had the potential to act as biomarkers for early warning of soil Pb contamination. Concentrations of soil Pb, exposing time and combination of multiple parameters should be also taken into consideration when assessing soil Pb pollution by these biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengrun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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Rechenmacher C, Siebel AM, Goldoni A, Klauck CR, Sartori T, Rodrigues MT, Rodrigues MAS, Gehlen G, Ardenghi PG, Silva LB. A multibiomarker approach in rats to assess the impact of pollution on Sinos River, Southern Brazil. BRAZ J BIOL 2010; 70:1223-30. [DOI: 10.1590/s1519-69842010000600012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2010] [Accepted: 12/31/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of combining water quality analysis with different biomarkers to characterise the relationship between anthropogenic contamination and biotic response in the Sinos River, southern Brazil. Wistar rats were studied using three biomarkers combined with physical, chemical and microbiological analysis to assess the effects of pollution at four sampling sites. The induction of oxidative stress was quantified by MDA levels in peripheral blood, lymphocyte DNA damage was determined using the comet assay, and histopathological changes were analysed in the liver. After sampling, animals were allowed to drink the river water during a 48 hours period. No increase in oxidative stress and DNA damage was observed. However, liver damage was observed in the animals exposed to water samples, indicating that the Sinos River is contaminated with hepatotoxic substances. Water analyses confirmed that water quality decreased downriver.
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Presence of ecotoxicologically relevant Pgp and MRP transcripts and proteins in Cyprinid fish. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2010; 61:175-82. [PMID: 20587391 DOI: 10.2478/10004-1254-61-2010-2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most intriguing defence strategies which aquatic organisms developed through evolution is multixenobiotic resistance (MXR). The key mediators of MXR activity are ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transport proteins. They provide resistance of aquatic organisms by binding xenobiotics and extruding them from cells in an energy-dependent manner. Since Cyprinid fish species are common target in freshwater biomonitoring programs, we have studied the presence of two main MDR/MXR efflux transporters P-glycoprotein (Pgp, Abcb1) and MRP-like protein(s) (Abcc) in the liver of five Cyprinid species: common carp, European chub, sneep, barbel, and silver prussian carp. Their presence was evaluated on the mRNA and protein level. Various pairs of primers were designed to clone homologous fragments of MXR-related genes. At the protein level, we used Western blotting with specific monoclonal antibodies against human Pgp (Abcb1, Ab C219), MRP1 (Abcc1; Ab MRPm6) or MRP2 (Abcc2; Ab M2I-4). Transcripts of both key types of MXR transporters were identified in all species examined and here we provide the phylogenetic analysis of new partial sequences. Immunochemical determinations with mammalian antibodies failed to identify the presence of MRP(s), but Pgp expression was found in all five Cyprinid species. These results support that MXR is a defence system mediated by both Pgp and MRP types of ABC transport proteins.
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Deér AK, Henczová M, Banka L, Varanka Z, Nemcsók J. Effects of crude oil and oil fractions on the liver P450-dependent monooxygenase activities and antioxidant defence system of different freshwater fish species. ACTA BIOLOGICA HUNGARICA 2010; 61:262-73. [PMID: 20724273 DOI: 10.1556/abiol.61.2010.3.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The effects of crude oil (Szeged-Algyo, Hungary) and oil fractions (F1: rich in aromatics; F2 fraction: free from aromatics) were investigated on liver CYP1A isoenzymes and antioxidant defence system following their i.p. injection into different freshwater fish species: carp (Cyprinus carpio L.), silver carp (Hyphothalmichtys molitrix V.), and European eel (Anquilla anquilla). A dose of 2 mL kg -1 crude oil enhanced EROD activity 8-fold in carp and only 5-fold in eel after 3 days. Oil fraction F1 caused only a 2-fold induction in EROD activity only in carp, while F2 fraction caused significant inhibition in all three investigated fish species. The antioxidant parameters [lipid peroxidation (LP), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione (GSH)] were measured following the treatment. A decrease of 50% in CAT activity was observed after oil treatment. The GSH level enhanced, resulting the protective effects against LP. The same dose of crude oil but a longer duration time resulted in lower CYP1A induction in carp and antioxidant parameters had returned close to control. In all treatments the EROD isoenzymes proved to be more sensitive and the effects of oil treatment showed species to be different. Carp proved to be more sensitive than eel or silver carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aranka Kiss Deér
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.
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Han ZX, Wang JH, Lv WZ, Min L. Multibiomarker Approaches in Common Carp to Assess the Effects of Phenanthrene. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/15533171003766550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Xiang Han
- a School of Chemical Engineering, Huaihai Institute of Technology , Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jia-Hong Wang
- b School of the Environment, Nanjiing University , Nanjiing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wen-Zhou Lv
- c Faculty of Architectural, Civil Engineering, and Environment , Ningbo University , Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lin Min
- a School of Chemical Engineering, Huaihai Institute of Technology , Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
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Evrard E, Devaux A, Bony S, Burgeot T, Riso R, Budzinski H, Le Du M, Quiniou L, Laroche J. Responses of the European flounder Platichthys flesus to the chemical stress in estuaries: load of contaminants, gene expression, cellular impact and growth rate. Biomarkers 2010; 15:111-27. [PMID: 19842850 DOI: 10.3109/13547500903315598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
European flounder responses to the chemical stress were assessed by a comparative approach on four estuaries displaying contrasted patterns of contamination. The contamination typology of the estuaries was investigated by individual measurements of contaminants in fish. Molecular and physiological responses were studied by gene expression, genotoxicity, neurotoxicity and growth rate. Fishes in contaminated estuaries were characterized by high levels of bioaccumulated contaminants, slow energetic metabolism and reduced growth rate, in contrast to the fish responses in the reference site. A seasonal effect was highlighted for contaminated flounder populations, with high PCB levels, high genotoxicity and elevated detoxification rate in summer compared with winter.
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Klobucar GIV, Stambuk A, Pavlica M, Sertić Perić M, Kutuzović Hackenberger B, Hylland K. Genotoxicity monitoring of freshwater environments using caged carp (Cyprinus carpio). ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2010; 19:77-84. [PMID: 19626438 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-009-0390-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2009] [Accepted: 07/04/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The present study deals with genotoxicity assessment of freshwaters using caged carp (Cyprinus carpio). Carps were transplanted from a fish-farm to three differently polluted sites in eastern Croatia. Two polluted sites were situated in the river Drava, downstream from the cities of Belisće and Osijek, while the reference site was in the Nature Park Kopacki rit, a preserved wetland area with limited anthropogenic influence. Exposure lasted for 3 weeks and was repeated for 3 years (2002-2004). DNA damage was assessed in erythrocytes of the exposed animals by the Comet assay and micronucleus test (MNT). In order to evaluate possible differences in stress responses to polluted water in situ and in aquaria a laboratory exposure was performed with water from the studied location in the second year of the study. Carp from the sites with high anthropogenic influence (Belisće and Osijek) had higher average DNA damage as expressed in both the MNT and Comet assay. Of the two, the Comet assay appeared to be more sensitive following both caging and aquaria exposures. The results from this study suggest that 3 weeks caging exposure of C. carpio may be a useful strategy to monitor for genotoxic agents in freshwater ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Göran I V Klobucar
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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Cazenave J, Bacchetta C, Parma MJ, Scarabotti PA, Wunderlin DA. Multiple biomarkers responses in Prochilodus lineatus allowed assessing changes in the water quality of Salado River basin (Santa Fe, Argentina). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2009; 157:3025-3033. [PMID: 19589632 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2009.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2009] [Revised: 05/14/2009] [Accepted: 05/27/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This field study assessed water quality of Salado River basin by using a set of biomarkers in the fish Prochilodus lineatus. Multiple biomarkers were measured, including morphological indexes (condition factor, liver somatic index), hematological (red and white blood cells) and biochemical (glucose, total protein and cholinesterase activity) parameters. Besides, detoxication and oxidative stress markers (antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation) were measured in liver, gills and kidney. Despite water quality assessment did not show marked differences among sites, biomarkers responses indicate that fish are living under stressful environmental conditions. According to multivariate analysis glucose, glutathione S-transferase activity, lipid peroxidation levels and the count of white blood cells are key biomarkers to contribute to discrimination of sites. So, we suggest use those biomarkers in future monitoring of freshwater aquatic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimena Cazenave
- Laboratorio de Ictiología, Instituto Nacional de Limnología (INALI-CONICET-UNL), Paraje El Pozo, Ciudad Universitaria UNL, Santa Fe, Argentina.
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Tigano C, Tomasello B, Pulvirenti V, Ferrito V, Copat C, Carpinteri G, Mollica E, Sciacca S, Renis M. Assessment of environmental stress in Parablennius sanguinolentus (Pallas, 1814) of the Sicilian Ionian coast. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2009; 72:1278-86. [PMID: 19217660 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2008.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2007] [Revised: 06/23/2008] [Accepted: 09/01/2008] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The blenny Parablennius sanguinolentus was selected as a useful bioindicator of environmental pollution. Chemical parameters in water and sediments from three different sampling sites along the Sicilian Ionian coast were determined and metal concentrations in fish muscle were measured. DNA fragmentation and oxidation in erythrocytes and hepatocytes was determined by the Comet assay and HSP70 expression levels were evaluated in the liver. The results show an increased level of chromium in sediments and high polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations in water at one site. The bioaccumulation of metals in muscle tissue shows high concentrations of lead in some samples. A high percentage of DNA damage in blood and liver cells, as well as high hepatic levels of HSP70, were found in all the sites. The results demonstrate the usefulness of an integrated chemical and biological approach for the determination of environmental stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Tigano
- Department of Animal Biology M. La Greca, University of Catania, Via Androne 81, 95124 Catania, Italy.
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Na N, Guo H, Zhang S, Li Z, Yin L. In vitro and in vivo acute toxicity of fenpyroximate to flounder Paralichthys olivaceus and its gill cell line FG. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2009; 92:76-85. [PMID: 19185358 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2008.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2008] [Revised: 12/16/2008] [Accepted: 12/20/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Fenpyroximate, an acaricide, is widely used in the prevention of acarids (mites) in plants. In this study, the in vitro and in vivo acute toxicity of fenpyroximate was examined using the marine flounder Paralichthys olivaceus and its gill cell line (FG). The 48h-IC(50) (95% confidence limits) values of fenpyroximate in the FG cells were 890 (790-990)nM, 950 (881-1019)nM and 1250 (1159-1341)nM, and 96h-IC(50) (95% confidence limits) were 480 (388-572)nM, 490 (454-526)nM and 510 (469-551)nM, for methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay, neutral red (NR) uptake and cell protein assay, respectively. The 48h- and 96h-LC(50) (95% confidence limits) values of fenpyroximate in living flounders were 28.84 (14.28-58.26)nM and 11.74 (6.06-22.8)nM, respectively. This indicated that fenpyroximate was highly toxic to both flounders and FG cells. Moreover, comparisons of the ratios of average 48h-IC(50) to 48h-LC(50) and average 96h-IC(50) to 96h-LC(50) showed that the length of exposure time did not significantly affect the correlation between the FG cells and living flounders in the acute toxicity estimation of fenpyroximate provided the selected exposure time is the same. Thus, we suggest that FG cells could be a good bioassay system in rapid estimation of the corresponding LC(50) values of pollutants to living fish, instead of whole living fish. Histopathological examinations showed that liver and gill were the major target organs of fenpyroximate, especially the damage of gill tissues may account much for the high lethality of exposed flounders. Consistent with the histopathological observations, analysis of the activities of two key detoxification metabolism-related enzymes, glutathione S-transferase (GST) and cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1)-dependent ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD), in the liver and gill tissues of exposed flounders indicated that liver has much higher detoxification capacity than gills, and this contributes to the higher tolerance of liver to the toxicity of fenpyroximate in the exposed flounders. Fenpyroximate can initially induce a quick and significant increase of the activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in all the exposed FG cells, and liver and gill tissues of exposed flounders. Upon continuation of the exposure the enzyme activities were inhibited, implying the occurrence of oxidative stress in the exposed fish cells and the possible interruption of the mitochondrial respiratory chain which involves redox reactions by fenpyroximate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Na
- Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
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Randak T, Zlabek V, Pulkrabova J, Kolarova J, Kroupova H, Siroka Z, Velisek J, Svobodova Z, Hajslova J. Effects of pollution on chub in the River Elbe, Czech Republic. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2009; 72:737-746. [PMID: 19019432 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2008.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2008] [Revised: 09/22/2008] [Accepted: 09/23/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The Elbe River is one of the most polluted aquatic ecosystems in the Czech Republic. The effect of three major chemical plants located on the Elbe River (at Pardubice, Neratovice, and Usti nad Labem) on fish was studied in 2004. Health status, chemical concentrations (Hg, PCB, DDT, HCH, HCB, OCS, 4-tert-nonylphenols, 4-tert-octylphenol) in muscle, and biomarkers (hepatic ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD), plasma vitellogenin, and plasma 11-ketotestosterone) were assessed in male chub (Leuciscus cephalus L.). Differences between localities upstream (US) and downstream (DS) from the monitored source of pollution were identified. Fish from DS sampling sites showed significantly higher levels of contaminants than fish from US sampling sites. Generally, the concentrations of pollutants in fish from the Elbe sites were significantly higher compared to the reference site. Reduced gonad size, decreased plasma levels of 11-ketotestosterone, EROD and vitellogenin induction, and histopathologies of male gonads indicated harmful effects of aquatic pollution in fish from the Czech portion of the Elbe River.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Randak
- Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology Vodnany, University of South Bohemia Ceske Budejovice, Zatisi 728/II, 398 25 Vodnany, Czech Republic
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Villa-Cruz V, Davila J, Viana MT, Vazquez-Duhalt R. Effect of broccoli (Brassica oleracea) and its phytochemical sulforaphane in balanced diets on the detoxification enzymes levels of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) exposed to a carcinogenic and mutagenic pollutant. CHEMOSPHERE 2009; 74:1145-1151. [PMID: 19144376 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.11.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2008] [Revised: 11/22/2008] [Accepted: 11/30/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) were fed with enriched diets containing broccoli and its phytochemical sulforaphane over 30 d. The levels of cytochrome P450, superoxide dismutase, catalase, lipid peroxidation and glutathione-S-transferase activities were measured. Basal value of cytochrome P450 activity was significantly increased as consequence of the broccoli and sulforaphane enriched diets, while no statistically significant changes were found on catalase and lipid peroxidation activities. After benzo(a)pyrene exposure, the cytochrome P450 activity increased to higher levels in the fish feed with broccoli and sulforaphane when compared with the control fish. Activities of antioxidant enzymes also varied but without significant difference with the control fish. Supported by the lower concentrations of BaP metabolites in bile from fish fed with broccoli or with sulforaphane enriched diets (indicating a better xenobiotic elimination) the cytochrome P450 induction could be considered beneficial for the detoxification because this transformation is the first step for PAH elimination by the phase II system. The protection of aquaculture organism against pollution effects by designing special diets able to modulate the enzymes involved in the phase-I and phase-II detoxification mechanism are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Villa-Cruz
- Centro de Investigación Científica y Educación Superior de Ensenada, CICESE, Ensenada BC, Mexico
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Comet assay on tetraploid yeast cells. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2009; 673:53-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2008.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2008] [Revised: 11/20/2008] [Accepted: 11/30/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Sanchez W, Porcher JM. Fish biomarkers for environmental monitoring within the Water Framework Directive of the European Union. Trends Analyt Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2008.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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