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Wan H, Chen H, Liu J, Yang B, Zhang Y, Bai Y, Chen X, Wang J, Liu T, Zhang Y, Hua Q. PARP1 inhibition prevents oxidative stress in age-related hearing loss via PAR-Ca 2+-AIF axis in cochlear strial marginal cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 220:222-235. [PMID: 38735540 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Studies have highlighted oxidative damage in the inner ear as a critical pathological basis for sensorineural hearing loss, especially the presbycusis. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP1) activation responds to oxidative stress-induced DNA damage with pro-repair and pro-death effects resembling two sides of the same coin. PARP1-related cell death, known as parthanatos, whose underlying mechanisms are attractive research hotspots but remain to be clarified. In this study, we observed that aged rats showed stria vascularis degeneration and oxidative damage, and PARP1-dependent cell death was prominent in age-related cochlear disorganization and dysfunction. Based on oxidative stress model of primary cultured stria marginal cells (MCs), we revealed that upregulated PARP1 and PAR (Poly(ADP-ribose)) polymers are responsible for MCs oxidative death with high mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) collapse, while inhibition of PARP1 ameliorated the adverse outcomes. Importantly, the PARylation of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) is essential for its conformational change and translocation, which subsequently causes DNA break and cell death. Concretely, the interaction of PAR and truncated AIF (tAIF) is the mainstream in the parthanatos pathway. We also found that the effects of AIF cleavage and release were achieved through calpain activity and mPTP opening, both of which could be regulated by PARP1 via mediation of mitochondria Ca2+ concentration. In conclusion, the PAR-Ca2+-tAIF signaling pathway in parthanatos contributes to the oxidative stress damage observed in MCs. Targeting PAR-Ca2+-tAIF might be a potential therapeutic strategy for the early intervention of presbycusis and other oxidative stress-associated sensorineural deafness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanzhi Wan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China; Research Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China; The First Clinical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Huidong Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China; Research Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China; The First Clinical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jingchun Liu
- The First Clinical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Bingqian Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China; Research Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China; The First Clinical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yunlong Zhang
- Research Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China; The First Clinical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yutong Bai
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China; Research Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China; The First Clinical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiaoying Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China; Research Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China; The First Clinical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China; Research Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China; The First Clinical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Tianyi Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China; Research Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China; Research Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Qingquan Hua
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China; Research Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China.
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Forenzo C, Larsen J. Bridging clinical radiotherapy and space radiation therapeutics through reactive oxygen species (ROS)-triggered delivery. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 219:88-103. [PMID: 38631648 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.04.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
This review explores the convergence of clinical radiotherapy and space radiation therapeutics, focusing on ionizing radiation (IR)-generated reactive oxygen species (ROS). IR, with high-energy particles, induces precise cellular damage, particularly in cancer treatments. The paper discusses parallels between clinical and space IR, highlighting unique characteristics of high-charge and energy particles in space and potential health risks for astronauts. Emphasizing the parallel occurrence of ROS generation in both clinical and space contexts, the review identifies ROS as a crucial factor with dual roles in cellular responses and potential disease initiation. The analysis covers ROS generation mechanisms, variations, and similarities in terrestrial and extraterrestrial environments leading to innovative ROS-responsive delivery systems adaptable for both clinical and space applications. The paper concludes by discussing applications of personalized ROS-triggered therapeutic approaches and discussing the challenges and prospects of implementing these strategies in clinical radiotherapy and extraterrestrial missions. Overall, it underscores the potential of ROS-targeted delivery for advancing therapeutic strategies in terrestrial clinical settings and space exploration, contributing to human health improvement on Earth and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe Forenzo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29631, USA
| | - Jessica Larsen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29631, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29631, USA.
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Yamamuro-Tanabe A, Oshima Y, Iyama T, Ishimaru Y, Yoshioka Y. Proteasome inhibitors induce apoptosis by superoxide anion generation via NADPH oxidase 5 in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. J Pharmacol Sci 2024; 155:52-62. [PMID: 38677786 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is a major proteolytic system that plays an important role in the regulation of various cell processes, such as cell cycle, stress response, and transcriptional regulation, especially in neurons, and dysfunction of UPS is considered to be a cause of neuronal cell death in neurodegenerative diseases. However, the mechanism of neuronal cell death caused by UPS dysfunction has not yet been fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of neuronal cell death induced by proteasome inhibitors using human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Z-Leu-D-Leu-Leu-al (MG132), a proteasome inhibitor, induced apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Antioxidants N-acetylcysteine and EUK-8 attenuated MG132-induced apoptosis. Apocynin and diphenyleneiodonium, inhibitors of NADPH oxidase (NOX), an enzyme that produces superoxide anions, also attenuated MG132-induced apoptosis. It was also found that MG132 treatment increased the expression of NOX5, a NOX family member, and that siRNA-mediated silencing of NOX5 and BAPTA-AM, which inhibits NOX5 by chelating calcium, suppressed MG132-induced apoptosis and production of reactive oxygen species in SH-SY5Y cells. These results suggest that MG132 induces apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells through the production of superoxide anion by NOX5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Yamamuro-Tanabe
- Laboratory of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-0101, Japan
| | - Yu Oshima
- Laboratory of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-0101, Japan
| | - Takumi Iyama
- Laboratory of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-0101, Japan
| | - Yuki Ishimaru
- Laboratory of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-0101, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yoshioka
- Laboratory of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-0101, Japan.
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Kimsa-Dudek M, Kruszniewska-Rajs C, Adamska J, Strzałka-Mrozik B, Matwijczuk A, Karcz D, Gagoś M, Gola JM. Redox homeostasis in human renal cells that had been treated with amphotericin B in combination with selected 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives. Pharmacol Rep 2024; 76:557-571. [PMID: 38587587 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-024-00592-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of amphotericin B (AmB) in the therapy of systemic mycosis is associated with strong side effects, including nephrotoxicity, and hepatotoxicity. Therefore, agents that can reduce the toxic effects of AmB while acting synergistically as antifungal agents are currently being sought. 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives are promising compounds that have an antifungal activity and act synergically with AmB. Such combinations might allow the dose of AmB, which is essential for preventing patients from having serious side effects, to be decreased. This might result from the antioxidant properties of 1,3,4-thiadiazoles. Thus, the aim of the study was to investigate redox homeostasis in human renal proximal tubule epithelial cells (RPTEC) after they had been treated with AmB in combination with 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives. METHODS Cellular redox homeostasis was assessed by investigating the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of cells, the malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, and the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and catalase (CAT). TAC was measured using an ABTS method. The MDA concentration, and the activity of SOD, GPX, and CAT were determined spectrophotometrically using commercially available assays. Additionally, the antioxidant defense system-related gene expression profile was determined using oligonucleotide microarrays (HG-U133A 2.0). Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to confirm the microarray results. RESULTS Amphotericin B and selected 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives had a significant effect on the total antioxidant capacity of the RPTEC cells, and the activity of the antioxidant enzymes. We also revealed that the effect of thiadiazoles on the SOD and CAT activities is dependent on the treatment of RPTEC cells with AmB. At the transcriptional level, the expression of several genes was affected by the studied compounds and their combinations. CONCLUSIONS The results confirmed that thiadiazoles can stimulate the RPTEC cells to defend against the oxidative stress that is generated by AmB. In addition, together with the previously demonstrated synergistic antifungal activity, and low nephrotoxicity, these compounds have the potential to be used in new therapeutic strategies in the treatment of fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Kimsa-Dudek
- Department of Nutrigenomics, and Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, 40-055, Poland.
| | - Celina Kruszniewska-Rajs
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, 40-055, Poland
| | - Jolanta Adamska
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, 40-055, Poland
| | - Barbara Strzałka-Mrozik
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, 40-055, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Matwijczuk
- Department of Biophysics, University of Life Sciences, Akademicka 13, Lublin, 20-950, Poland
- ECOTECH-COMPLEX-Analytical, and Programme Centre for Advanced Environmentally- Friendly Technologies, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Głęboka 39, Lublin, 20-033, Poland
| | - Dariusz Karcz
- Department of Chemical Technology, and Environmental Analytics, Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, 31-155, Poland
- ECOTECH-COMPLEX-Analytical, and Programme Centre for Advanced Environmentally- Friendly Technologies, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Głęboka 39, Lublin, 20-033, Poland
| | - Mariusz Gagoś
- Department of Cell Biology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, Lublin, 20-033, Poland
- Department of Biochemistry, and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, 20-093, Poland
| | - Joanna Magdalena Gola
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, 40-055, Poland
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Zhang X, Yuan S, Fan H, Zhang W, Zhang H. Liensinine alleviates sepsis-induced acute liver injury by inhibiting the NF-κB and MAPK pathways in an Nrf2-dependent manner. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 396:111030. [PMID: 38692452 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.111030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Sepsis remains a serious public health issue that needs to be addressed globally. Severe liver injury caused by sepsis increases the risk of death in patients with sepsis. Liensinine (Lie) is one of the primary active components in Plumula nelumbinis and has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Nevertheless, the effects of Lie on septic liver injury are unclear. This research investigated the protective effect of Lie (10, 20 and 40 mg/kg) on liver damage via intraperitoneal administration of LPS (10 mg/kg) to C57BL/6 mice. Lie was given through intraperitoneal injection once a day for five days. Mice were treated with LPS intraperitoneally for 6 h at 1 h after Lie administration on the last day. The results suggested that Lie could decrease AST and ALT levels in serum, ameliorate histopathological changes and inhibit cell apoptosis in mice with LPS-induced septic liver injury. In addition, Lie inhibited increases in the mRNA levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, iNOS and IL-6. Lie also increased the mRNA level of IL-10. Lie reduced the content of MDA, a marker of lipid peroxidation, and increased the activity of the antioxidant enzymes GSH-Px, CAT and SOD. Our results also showed that Lie could suppress the LPS-activated MAPK and NF-κB pathways and trigger the Nrf2 signaling pathway both in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, an Nrf2 inhibitor (ML385) weakened the suppressive effect of Lie on the MAPK and NF-κB pathways. Our results demonstrated that the suppressive effect of Lie on the MAPK and NF-κB pathways was partially reliant on activation of the Nrf2 pathway. In summary, these results indicate that Lie can improve inflammation and oxidative stress by activating Nrf2, which is a prospective therapeutic drug for alleviating septic liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, 222005, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Silong Yuan
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Hui Fan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Honggang Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, 222005, China.
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Bertanza G, Abbà A, Alias C, Amatucci A, Binelli A, Castiglioni S, Fossati M, Cruzeiro C, Torre CD, Domini M, Feretti D, Gilioli G, Magni S, Mazzoleni G, Menghini M, Pedrazzani R, Schroeder P, Simonetto A, Steimberg N, Ventura V, Vezzoli S, Zerbini I. To spread or not to spread? Assessing the suitability of sewage sludge and other biogenic wastes for agriculture reuse. MethodsX 2024; 12:102599. [PMID: 38379723 PMCID: PMC10876616 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2024.102599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Sewage sludge (biosolids) management represents a worldwide issue. Due to its valuable properties, approximately one half of the EU production is recovered in agriculture. Nevertheless, growing attention is given to potential negative effects deriving from the presence of harmful pollutants. It is recognized that a (even very detailed) chemical characterization is not able to predict ecotoxicity of a mixture. However, this can be directly measured by bioassays. Actually, the choice of the most suitable tests is still under debate. This paper presents a multilevel characterization protocol of sewage sludge and other organic residues, based on bioassays and chemical-physical-microbiological analyses. The detailed description of the experimental procedure includes all the involved steps: the criteria for selecting the organic matrices to be tested and compared; the sample pre-treatment required before the analyses execution; the chemical, physical and microbiological characterisation; the bioassays, grouped in three classes (baseline toxicity; specific mode of action; reactive mode of action); data processing. The novelty of this paper lies in the integrated use of advanced tools, and is based on three pillars:•the direct ecosafety assessment of the matrices to be reused.•the adoption of innovative bioassays and analytical procedures.•the original criteria for data normalization and processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Bertanza
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Architettura, Territorio e Ambiente e di Matematica, Università degli Studi di Brescia. Via Branze 43, Brescia I-25123, Italy
- MISTRAL, Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca, Milano Bicocca e Verona “Modelli Integrati di Studio per la Tutela della Salute e la Prevenzione negli Ambienti di Vita e di Lavoro”, Università di Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Abbà
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Architettura, Territorio e Ambiente e di Matematica, Università degli Studi di Brescia. Via Branze 43, Brescia I-25123, Italy
| | - Carlotta Alias
- Dipartimento di Specialità Medico-Chirurgiche, Scienze Radiologiche e Sanità Pubblica, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Viale Europa 11, Brescia I-25123, Italy
| | - Achille Amatucci
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Architettura, Territorio e Ambiente e di Matematica, Università degli Studi di Brescia. Via Branze 43, Brescia I-25123, Italy
| | - Andrea Binelli
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, Milano I-20133, Italy
| | - Sara Castiglioni
- Dipartimento Ambiente e Salute, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, IRCCS. Via Mario Negri 2, Milano I-20156, Italy
| | - Marco Fossati
- Dipartimento Ambiente e Salute, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, IRCCS. Via Mario Negri 2, Milano I-20156, Italy
| | - Catarina Cruzeiro
- Helmholtz Zentrum München – Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, Neuherberg D-85764, Germany
| | - Camilla Della Torre
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, Milano I-20133, Italy
| | - Marta Domini
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Architettura, Territorio e Ambiente e di Matematica, Università degli Studi di Brescia. Via Branze 43, Brescia I-25123, Italy
| | - Donatella Feretti
- MISTRAL, Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca, Milano Bicocca e Verona “Modelli Integrati di Studio per la Tutela della Salute e la Prevenzione negli Ambienti di Vita e di Lavoro”, Università di Brescia, Italy
- Dipartimento di Specialità Medico-Chirurgiche, Scienze Radiologiche e Sanità Pubblica, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Viale Europa 11, Brescia I-25123, Italy
| | - Gianni Gilioli
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Architettura, Territorio e Ambiente e di Matematica, Università degli Studi di Brescia. Via Branze 43, Brescia I-25123, Italy
| | - Stefano Magni
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, Milano I-20133, Italy
| | - Giovanna Mazzoleni
- MISTRAL, Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca, Milano Bicocca e Verona “Modelli Integrati di Studio per la Tutela della Salute e la Prevenzione negli Ambienti di Vita e di Lavoro”, Università di Brescia, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Sperimentali, Università degli Studi di Brescia. Viale Europa 11, Brescia I-25123, Italy
| | - Michele Menghini
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica e Industriale, Università degli Studi di Brescia. Via Branze 38, Brescia I-25123, Italy
| | - Roberta Pedrazzani
- MISTRAL, Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca, Milano Bicocca e Verona “Modelli Integrati di Studio per la Tutela della Salute e la Prevenzione negli Ambienti di Vita e di Lavoro”, Università di Brescia, Italy
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica e Industriale, Università degli Studi di Brescia. Via Branze 38, Brescia I-25123, Italy
| | - Peter Schroeder
- Helmholtz Zentrum München – Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, Neuherberg D-85764, Germany
| | - Anna Simonetto
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Architettura, Territorio e Ambiente e di Matematica, Università degli Studi di Brescia. Via Branze 43, Brescia I-25123, Italy
| | - Nathalie Steimberg
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Sperimentali, Università degli Studi di Brescia. Viale Europa 11, Brescia I-25123, Italy
| | - Vera Ventura
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Architettura, Territorio e Ambiente e di Matematica, Università degli Studi di Brescia. Via Branze 43, Brescia I-25123, Italy
| | - Simona Vezzoli
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Architettura, Territorio e Ambiente e di Matematica, Università degli Studi di Brescia. Via Branze 43, Brescia I-25123, Italy
| | - Ilaria Zerbini
- Dipartimento di Specialità Medico-Chirurgiche, Scienze Radiologiche e Sanità Pubblica, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Viale Europa 11, Brescia I-25123, Italy
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Dimitrijević MG, Roschger C, Lang K, Zierer A, Paunović MG, Obradović AD, Matić MM, Pocrnić M, Galić N, Ćirić A, Joksović MD. Discovery of a new class of potent pyrrolo[3,4-c]quinoline-1,3-diones based inhibitors of human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase: Synthesis, pharmacological and toxicological evaluation. Bioorg Chem 2024; 147:107359. [PMID: 38613925 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Twenty N-substituted pyrrolo[3,4-c]quinoline-1,3-diones 3a-t were synthesized by a cyclization reaction of Pfitzinger's quinoline ester precursor with the selected aromatic, heteroaromatic and aliphatic amines. The structures of all derivatives were confirmed by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HRMS spectra, while their purity was determined using HPLC techniques. Almost all compounds were identified as a new class ofpotent inhibitors against hDHODH among which 3a and 3t were the most active ones with the same IC50 values of 0.11 μM, about seven times better than reference drug leflunomide. These two derivatives also exhibited very low cytotoxic effects toward healthy HaCaT cells and the optimal lipophilic properties with logP value of 1.12 and 2.07 respectively, obtained experimentally at physiological pH. We further evaluated the comparative differences in toxicological impact of the three most active compounds 3a, 3n and 3t and reference drug leflunomide. The rats were divided into five groups and were treated intraperitoneally, control group (group I) with a single dose of leflunomide (20 mg/kg) group II and the other three groups, III, IV and V were treated with 3a, 3n and 3t (20 mg/kg bw) separately. The investigation was performed in liver, kidney and blood by examining serum biochemical parameters and parameters of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina G Dimitrijević
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, R. Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Cornelia Roschger
- University Clinic for Cardiac-, Vascular- and Thoracic Surgery, Medical Faculty, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Krankenhausstraße 7a, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Kevin Lang
- University Clinic for Cardiac-, Vascular- and Thoracic Surgery, Medical Faculty, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Krankenhausstraße 7a, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Andreas Zierer
- University Clinic for Cardiac-, Vascular- and Thoracic Surgery, Medical Faculty, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Krankenhausstraße 7a, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Milica G Paunović
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology and Ecology, Radoja Domanovića 12, P.O. Box 60, Kragujevac 34000, Serbia
| | - Ana D Obradović
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology and Ecology, Radoja Domanovića 12, P.O. Box 60, Kragujevac 34000, Serbia
| | - Miloš M Matić
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology and Ecology, Radoja Domanovića 12, P.O. Box 60, Kragujevac 34000, Serbia
| | - Marijana Pocrnić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nives Galić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Andrija Ćirić
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, R. Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Milan D Joksović
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, R. Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
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Zhang Z, Yu C, Wu Y, Wang Z, Xu H, Yan Y, Zhan Z, Yin S. Semiconducting polymer dots for multifunctional integrated nanomedicine carriers. Mater Today Bio 2024; 26:101028. [PMID: 38590985 PMCID: PMC11000120 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The expansion applications of semiconducting polymer dots (Pdots) among optical nanomaterial field have long posed a challenge for researchers, promoting their intelligent application in multifunctional nano-imaging systems and integrated nanomedicine carriers for diagnosis and treatment. Despite notable progress, several inadequacies still persist in the field of Pdots, including the development of simplified near-infrared (NIR) optical nanoprobes, elucidation of their inherent biological behavior, and integration of information processing and nanotechnology into biomedical applications. This review aims to comprehensively elucidate the current status of Pdots as a classical nanophotonic material by discussing its advantages and limitations in terms of biocompatibility, adaptability to microenvironments in vivo, etc. Multifunctional integration and surface chemistry play crucial roles in realizing the intelligent application of Pdots. Information visualization based on their optical and physicochemical properties is pivotal for achieving detection, sensing, and labeling probes. Therefore, we have refined the underlying mechanisms and constructed multiple comprehensive original mechanism summaries to establish a benchmark. Additionally, we have explored the cross-linking interactions between Pdots and nanomedicine, potential yet complete biological metabolic pathways, future research directions, and innovative solutions for integrating diagnosis and treatment strategies. This review presents the possible expectations and valuable insights for advancing Pdots, specifically from chemical, medical, and photophysical practitioners' standpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery II, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, PR China
| | - Chenhao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronic, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, No.2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, PR China
| | - Yuyang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronic, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, No.2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, PR China
| | - Zhe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronic, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, No.2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, PR China
| | - Haotian Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, PR China
| | - Yining Yan
- Department of Radiology, The Third Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, PR China
| | - Zhixin Zhan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, PR China
| | - Shengyan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronic, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, No.2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, PR China
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Liu H, Zhang Y, Hou X, Zhu C, Yang Q, Li K, Fan L, Zhang X, Jiang X, Jin X, Lei H, Chen T, Zhang F, Zhang Z, Song J. CRHR1 antagonist alleviated depression-like behavior by downregulating p62 in a rat model of post-stroke depression. Exp Neurol 2024; 378:114822. [PMID: 38823676 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Post-stroke depression (PSD) is a complication of cerebrovascular disease, which can increase mortality after stroke. CRH is one of the main signaling peptides released after activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in response to stress. It affects synaptic plasticity by regulating inflammation, oxidative stress and autophagy in the central nervous system. And the loss of spines exacerbates depression-like behavior. Therefore, synaptic deficits induced by CRH may be related to post-stroke depression. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The Keap1-Nrf2 complex is one of the core components of the antioxidant response. As an autophagy associated protein, p62 participates in the Keap1-NrF2 pathway through its Keap1 interaction domain. Oxidative stress is involved in the feedback regulation between Keap1-Nrf2 pathway and p62.However, whether the relationship between CRH and the Keap1-Nrf2-p62 pathway is involved in PSD remains unknown. This study found that serum levels of CRH in 22 patients with PSD were higher than those in healthy subjects. We used MCAO combined with CUMS single-cage SD rats to establish an animal model of PSD. Animal experiments showed that CRHR1 antagonist prevented synaptic loss in the hippocampus of PSD rats and alleviated depression-like behavior. CRH induced p62 accumulation in the prefrontal cortex of PSD rats through CRHR1. CRHR1 antagonist inhibited Keap1-Nrf2-p62 pathway by attenuating oxidative stress. In addition, we found that abnormal accumulation of p62 induces PSD. It alleviates depression-like behavior by inhibiting the expression of p62 and promoting the clearance of p62 in PSD rats. These findings can help explore the pathogenesis of PSD and design targeted treatments for PSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Physical Diagnostics and Treatment Technology for the Mental and Neurological Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Prevention and treatment of mental disorder, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University
| | - Yunfei Zhang
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Physical Diagnostics and Treatment Technology for the Mental and Neurological Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Prevention and treatment of mental disorder, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University; The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoli Hou
- General Hospital of Pingmei Shenma Group, Pingdingshan, Henan, China
| | - Chuanzhou Zhu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Physical Diagnostics and Treatment Technology for the Mental and Neurological Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Prevention and treatment of mental disorder, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University
| | - Qianling Yang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Physical Diagnostics and Treatment Technology for the Mental and Neurological Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Prevention and treatment of mental disorder, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University
| | - Kun Li
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Physical Diagnostics and Treatment Technology for the Mental and Neurological Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Prevention and treatment of mental disorder, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University; The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Lifei Fan
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Physical Diagnostics and Treatment Technology for the Mental and Neurological Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Prevention and treatment of mental disorder, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University; The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Physical Diagnostics and Treatment Technology for the Mental and Neurological Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Prevention and treatment of mental disorder, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University
| | - Xinhui Jiang
- The Third People's Hospital of Luoyang, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Xuejiao Jin
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Physical Diagnostics and Treatment Technology for the Mental and Neurological Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Prevention and treatment of mental disorder, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University
| | - Hao Lei
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Physical Diagnostics and Treatment Technology for the Mental and Neurological Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Prevention and treatment of mental disorder, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University; The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Tengfei Chen
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Prevention and treatment of mental disorder, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University
| | - Fuping Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Physical Diagnostics and Treatment Technology for the Mental and Neurological Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Prevention and treatment of mental disorder, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University.
| | - Zhaohui Zhang
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Physical Diagnostics and Treatment Technology for the Mental and Neurological Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Prevention and treatment of mental disorder, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University; The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China.
| | - Jinggui Song
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Physical Diagnostics and Treatment Technology for the Mental and Neurological Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Prevention and treatment of mental disorder, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University.
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10
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Wu G, Gu M, Zhu J, Gu R, Yang B, Ji S, Zhao Y, Gu K. Prognostic prediction of oxidative stress related hematological biomarkers in locally advanced cervical cancer patients undergoing chemoradiotherapy. Biomarkers 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38767430 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2024.2358300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This investigation aimed to develop and validate a novel oxidative stress score for prognostic prediction in locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) patients receiving chemoradiotherapy. METHODS A total of 301 LACC patients were enrolled and randomly divided into a training and a validation set. The association between oxidative stress parameters and prognosis was analyzed for oxidative stress score (OSS) establishment. A Cox regression model was conducted for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). A nomogram prediction model was developed using independent prognostic factors from the training set and validated in the validation set. RESULTS A novel OSS was established with four oxidative stress parameters, including albumin, total bilirubin, blood urea nitrogen, and lactate dehydrogenase. Multivariate regression analysis identified OSS as an independent prognostic factor for OS (p = 0.001) and PFS (p < 0.001). A predictive nomogram based on the OSS was established and validated. The C-indexes of the nomogram in the training set were 0.772 for OS and 0.781 for PFS, while in the validation set the C-indexes were 0.642 for OS and 0.621 for PFS. CONCLUSION This study confirmed that preoperative OSS could serve as a useful independent prognostic factor in LACC patients who received CCRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wu
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Mengxuan Gu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Jiahao Zhu
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Ruike Gu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medical, Suzhou Rehabilitation Hospital (Suzhou Municipal Hospital Rehabilitation Medical Center), Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Shengjun Ji
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Yutian Zhao
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Ke Gu
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P.R. China
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11
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Lu Y, Yin L, Yang W, Wu Z, Niu J. Antioxidant effects of Paeoniflorin and relevant molecular mechanisms as related to a variety of diseases: A review. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116772. [PMID: 38810407 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Paeoniflorin (PF), which is the main component of the Paeonia lactiflora Pall extract, is one of the traditional Chinese medicines. The pharmacological effects associated with PF include antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antidepressant-like and neuroprotective effects. Our previous studies had revealed that PF protected melanocytes and inhibited photodamage through the suppression of oxidative stress (OS). As OS plays a vital role in the progression of a variety of diseases, the capacity for PF to suppress OS may exert important effects upon them. However, no review exists on these antioxidant effects of PF as related to various diseases. Therefore, in this review we summarized studies involved with examining the antioxidant effects and molecular mechanisms of PF. Through its capacity to inhibit OS, PF has been shown to exert beneficial effects upon several systems including nervous, cardiac/vascular, digestive, and respiratory as well as specific diseases such as diabetes, autoimmune, pregnancy related, ocular, kidney, dermatology, along with suppression of distal flap necrosis, postoperative adhesions, and hearing loss. Such findings provide new insights and directions for future research directed at the development of PF as a natural antioxidant for the treatment of clinical diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yansong Lu
- Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No. 83 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Lu Yin
- Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No. 83 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No. 83 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Ze Wu
- Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No. 83 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jun Niu
- Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No. 83 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China.
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12
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Chary PS, Shaikh S, Rajana N, Bhavana V, Mehra NK. Unlocking nature's arsenal: Nanotechnology for targeted delivery of venom toxins in cancer therapy. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 162:213903. [PMID: 38824828 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
AIM The aim of the present review is to shed light on the nanotechnological approaches adopted to overcome the shortcomings associated with the delivery of venom peptides which possess inherent anti-cancer properties. BACKGROUND Venom peptides although have been reported to demonstrate anti-cancer effects, they suffer from several disadvantages such as in vivo instability, off-target adverse effects, limited drug loading and low bioavailability. This review presents a comprehensive compilation of different classes of nanocarriers while underscoring their advantages, disadvantages and potential to carry such peptide molecules for in vivo delivery. It also discusses various nanotechnological aspects such as methods of fabrication, analytical tools to assess these nanoparticulate formulations, modulation of nanocarrier polymer properties to enhance loading capacity, stability and improve their suitability to carry toxic peptide drugs. CONCLUSION Nanotechnological approaches bear great potential in delivering venom peptide-based molecules as anticancer agents by enhancing their bioavailability, stability, efficacy as well as offering a spatiotemporal delivery approach. However, the challenges associated with toxicity and biocompatibility of nanocarriers must be duly addressed. PERSPECTIVES The everlasting quest for new breakthroughs for safer delivery of venom peptides in human subjects is fuelled by unmet clinical needs in the current landscape of chemotherapy. In addition, exhaustive efforts are required in obtaining and purifying the venom peptides followed by designing and optimizing scale up technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padakanti Sandeep Chary
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Samia Shaikh
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Naveen Rajana
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Valamla Bhavana
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Neelesh Kumar Mehra
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
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13
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Morales NP, Loahachanwanich W, Korwutthikulrangsri E, Ruangchainikom M, Sutipornpalangkul W. Lipid Peroxidation, Reduced Glutathione, and Glutathione Peroxidase Levels in Intervertebral Discs of Patients with Lumbar Degenerative Disc Disease. Med Sci Monit 2024; 30:e944335. [PMID: 38783538 PMCID: PMC11131429 DOI: 10.12659/msm.944335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Either a reduction in antioxidant levels or an accumulation of reactive oxygen species can heighten susceptibility to oxidative damage in disc cells. To date, no research has investigated the levels of lipid peroxidation products (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances [TBARs]), reduced glutathione (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in excised human lumbar disc tissues affected by degenerative disease. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate lipid peroxidation products in excised disc tissues from patients with degenerative disc disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty-two patients were enrolled. Patients were divided into lumbar disc degeneration (LDD) and nonlumbar disc degeneration (nonLDD) groups according to Pfirrmann classification. Intervertebral discs were obtained from all patients during the operation and were homogenized for analysis. TBARs levels were measured using fluorometry. GSH levels and GPx activity were quantified spectrophotometrically using a kinetic method. RESULTS TBARs levels in excised discs from LDD patients (5.18±4.14) were significantly higher than those from nonLDD patients (2.56±1.23, P=0.008). The levels of TBARs tended to increase with the severity of degeneration according to the Pfirrmann classification. However, these 2 groups showed no significant differences in reduced glutathione levels or glutathione peroxidase activity (P>0.05). Patients with LDD exhibited a worse health-related quality of life, reflected in lower utility and EQ-VAS scores and higher Oswestry disability index scores. CONCLUSIONS There was a notable increase in lipid peroxidation products in the excised intervertebral discs of patients with LDD. This finding suggests that oxidative stress may contribute to the development of disc degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Witcharat Loahachanwanich
- Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Monchai Ruangchainikom
- Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Werasak Sutipornpalangkul
- Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Wei Y, Gao S, Li C, Huang X, Xie B, Geng J, Dai H, Wang C. Acetaldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 Deficiency Aggravates Lung Fibrosis through Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Aging in Fibroblasts. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2024:S0002-9440(24)00176-7. [PMID: 38777148 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2024.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, a fatal interstitial lung disease, is characterized by fibroblast activation and aberrant extracellular matrix accumulation. Effective therapeutic development is limited because of incomplete understanding of the mechanisms by which fibroblasts become aberrantly activated. Here, we show acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) in fibroblasts as a potential therapeutic target for pulmonary fibrosis. A decrease in ALDH2 expression was observed in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and bleomycin-treated mice. ALDH2 deficiency spontaneously induces collagen accumulation in the lungs of aged mice. Furthermore, young ALDH2 knockout mice exhibited exacerbated bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis and increased mortality compared with that in control mice. Mechanistic studies revealed that transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 induction and ALDH2 depletion constitute a positive feedback loop that exacerbates fibroblast activation. TGF-β1 down-regulated ALDH2 through a TGF-β receptor 1/Smad3-dependent mechanism. The subsequent deficiency in ALDH2 resulted in fibroblast dysfunction that manifested as impaired mitochondrial autophagy and senescence, leading to fibroblast activation and extracellular matrix production. ALDH2 overexpression markedly suppressed fibroblast activation, and this effect was abrogated by PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) knockdown, indicating that the profibrotic effects of ALDH2 are PINK1- dependent. Furthermore, Alda-1-induced ALDH2 activation reversed the established pulmonary fibrosis in both young and aged mice. In conclusion, ALDH2 expression inhibits the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. Strategies to up-regulate or activate ALDH2 expression could be potential therapies for pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiu Wei
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China; National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shuwei Gao
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Li
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxi Huang
- Department of Medical Research Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bingbing Xie
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Geng
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Huaping Dai
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Chen Wang
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China; National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
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15
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Zhou N, Cao Y, Luo Y, Wang L, Li R, Di H, Gu T, Cao Y, Zeng T, Zhu J, Chen L, An D, Ma Y, Xu W, Tian Y, Lu L. The Effects of Resveratrol and Apigenin on Jejunal Oxidative Injury in Ducks and on Immortalized Duck Intestinal Epithelial Cells Exposed to H 2O 2. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:611. [PMID: 38790716 PMCID: PMC11117746 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress increases the apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells and impairs intestinal epithelial cell renewal, which further promotes intestinal barrier dysfunction and even death. Extensive evidence supports that resveratrol and apigenin have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative properties. Here, we investigated the ability of these two compounds to alleviate diquat-induced jejunal oxidative stress and morphological injury, using the duck as a model, as well as the effects of apigenin on oxidative stress induced by H2O2 in immortalized duck intestinal epithelial cells (IDECs). Ducks were randomly assigned to the following four groups, with five replicates: a control (CON) group, a diquat-challenged (DIQ) group, a resveratrol (500 mg/kg) + diquat (RES) group, and an apigenin (500 mg/kg) + diquat (API) group. We found that serum catalase (CAT) activity and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) markedly reduced in the RES and API groups as compared to the DIQ group (p < 0.05); moreover, serum S superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels increased significantly in the API group as compared to the DIQ group (p < 0.05). In jejunal mucosa, the malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the RES and API groups decreased more than that in the DIQ group (p < 0.05). In addition, the jejunal expression levels of the NRF2 and GCLM genes in the RES and API groups increased notably compared with those in the DIQ group (p < 0.05); meanwhile, CAT activity in the RES and API groups was markedly elevated compared with that in the CON group (p < 0.05). In IDECs, apigenin significantly restrained the H2O2-mediated increase in MDA content and decrease in CAT levels (p < 0.05). Furthermore, apigenin increased the protein expression of p-NRF2, NRF2, p-AKT, and p-P38; downregulated that of cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-9; and reduced the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 in H2O2-treated IDECs (p < 0.05). In conclusion, resveratrol and apigenin can be used as natural feed additives to protect against jejunal oxidative stress in ducks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhou
- College of Pet Sciences, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (N.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.W.); (H.D.); (Y.C.); (J.Z.); (D.A.); (Y.M.)
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yongqing Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Science & Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310000, China; (Y.C.); (R.L.); (T.G.); (T.Z.); (L.C.); (W.X.)
| | - Youwen Luo
- College of Pet Sciences, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (N.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.W.); (H.D.); (Y.C.); (J.Z.); (D.A.); (Y.M.)
| | - Lihua Wang
- College of Pet Sciences, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (N.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.W.); (H.D.); (Y.C.); (J.Z.); (D.A.); (Y.M.)
| | - Ruiqing Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Science & Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310000, China; (Y.C.); (R.L.); (T.G.); (T.Z.); (L.C.); (W.X.)
| | - Heshuang Di
- College of Pet Sciences, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (N.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.W.); (H.D.); (Y.C.); (J.Z.); (D.A.); (Y.M.)
| | - Tiantian Gu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Science & Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310000, China; (Y.C.); (R.L.); (T.G.); (T.Z.); (L.C.); (W.X.)
| | - Yun Cao
- College of Pet Sciences, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (N.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.W.); (H.D.); (Y.C.); (J.Z.); (D.A.); (Y.M.)
| | - Tao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Science & Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310000, China; (Y.C.); (R.L.); (T.G.); (T.Z.); (L.C.); (W.X.)
| | - Jianping Zhu
- College of Pet Sciences, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (N.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.W.); (H.D.); (Y.C.); (J.Z.); (D.A.); (Y.M.)
| | - Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Science & Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310000, China; (Y.C.); (R.L.); (T.G.); (T.Z.); (L.C.); (W.X.)
| | - Dong An
- College of Pet Sciences, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (N.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.W.); (H.D.); (Y.C.); (J.Z.); (D.A.); (Y.M.)
| | - Yue Ma
- College of Pet Sciences, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (N.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.W.); (H.D.); (Y.C.); (J.Z.); (D.A.); (Y.M.)
| | - Wenwu Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Science & Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310000, China; (Y.C.); (R.L.); (T.G.); (T.Z.); (L.C.); (W.X.)
| | - Yong Tian
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Science & Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310000, China; (Y.C.); (R.L.); (T.G.); (T.Z.); (L.C.); (W.X.)
| | - Lizhi Lu
- College of Pet Sciences, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (N.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.W.); (H.D.); (Y.C.); (J.Z.); (D.A.); (Y.M.)
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Science & Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310000, China; (Y.C.); (R.L.); (T.G.); (T.Z.); (L.C.); (W.X.)
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16
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Maurotti S, Geirola N, Frosina M, Mirarchi A, Scionti F, Mare R, Montalcini T, Pujia A, Tirinato L. Exploring the impact of lipid droplets on the evolution and progress of hepatocarcinoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1404006. [PMID: 38818407 PMCID: PMC11137176 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1404006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the past 10 years, the biological role of lipid droplets (LDs) has gained significant attention in the context of both physiological and pathological conditions. Considerable progress has been made in elucidating key aspects of these organelles, yet much remains to be accomplished to fully comprehend the myriad functions they serve in the progression of hepatic tumors. Our current perception is that LDs are complex and active structures managed by a distinct set of cellular processes. This understanding represents a significant paradigm shift from earlier perspectives. In this review, we aim to recapitulate the function of LDs within the liver, highlighting their pivotal role in the pathogenesis of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) (Hsu and Loomba, 2024) and their contribution to the progression towards more advanced pathological stages up to hepatocellular carcinoma (HC) (Farese and Walther, 2009). We are aware of the molecular complexity and changes occurring in the neoplastic evolution of the liver. Our attempt, however, is to summarize the most important and recent roles of LDs across both healthy and all pathological liver states, up to hepatocarcinoma. For more detailed insights, we direct readers to some of the many excellent reviews already available in the literature (Gluchowski et al., 2017; Hu et al., 2020; Seebacher et al., 2020; Paul et al., 2022).
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Maurotti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Nadia Geirola
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Miriam Frosina
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Angela Mirarchi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca Scionti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rosario Mare
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Tiziana Montalcini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Arturo Pujia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Luca Tirinato
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
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17
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Zhang Y, Chen Y, Wang B, Cai Y, Zhang M, Guo X, Wu A, Wang W, Liu N, Wang X, Gong Y, Pan J, Jin Y. A novel selenium nanocomposite modified by AANL inhibits tumor growth by upregulating CLK2 in lung cancer. Bioorg Chem 2024; 148:107459. [PMID: 38761707 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer is a malignant tumor with high mortality and drug resistance. Therefore, it is urgent to explore natural and nontoxic drugs to treat lung cancer. In this study, the natural active ingredient AANL extracted from Agrocybe aegirita was used to modify nanoselenium by an oxidation-reduction method. Transmission electron microscope detection and infrared spectroscopy showed that a novel selenium nanocomposite named AANL-SeNPs was successfully prepared. The results of nanoscale characterization showed that AANL-SeNPs had good stability and uniform dispersion in aqueous solution by zeta potential and spectrum analysis. At the cellular level, we found that AANL-SeNPs significantly inhibited the cell viability of lung cancer cells, and the cell inhibition rate of 60 nM AANL-SeNPs was 39 % in H157 cells, 67 % in H147 cells, and 62 % in A549 cells. The IC50 value of AANL-SeNPs was 51.85 nM in A549 cells and 81.57 nM in H157 cells. Moreover, AANL-SeNPs could inhibit the cell proliferation and migration, and enhance the sensitivity of lung cancer cells to osimertinib and has no toxic to normal cells. In vivo, AANL-SeNPs significantly slowed tumor growth in tumor-bearing mice by establishing a subcutaneous transplantation tumor model for lung cancer, and the tumor size was smaller and was reduced about 79 % in 2 mg/kg AANL-SeNPs group compared with PBS group. Mechanistically, a total of 38 differentially expressed proteins were identified by data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry. A significantly upregulated protein, CDC-like kinase 2 (CLK2), was screened and validated for further analysis, which showed that the expression levels of CLK2 were increased in H157 and H1437 cells after AANL-SeNPs treatment. The results obtained in this study suggest that a novel selenium nanocomposite AANL-SeNPs, which inhibits lung cancer by upregulating the expression of CLK2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyang Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, College of Life Sciences, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435002, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, College of Life Sciences, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435002, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ying Cai
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, College of Life Sciences, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435002, China
| | - Menghang Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, College of Life Sciences, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435002, China
| | - Xin Guo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, College of Life Sciences, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435002, China
| | - Aobo Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, College of Life Sciences, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435002, China
| | - Weidong Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, College of Life Sciences, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435002, China
| | - Na Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, College of Life Sciences, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435002, China
| | - Xianping Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, College of Life Sciences, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435002, China
| | - Yongsheng Gong
- Suzhou Municipal Hospital, the Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215002, China
| | - Jicheng Pan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, College of Life Sciences, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435002, China.
| | - Yanxia Jin
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, College of Life Sciences, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435002, China.
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18
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Cho EC, Ahn S, Hwang HJ, Shin KO, Kim S, Choi YJ. Investigating the Nutritional and Functional Properties of Protaetia brevitarsis Larvae and Isolated Soy Protein Mixtures as Alternative Protein Sources. Foods 2024; 13:1540. [PMID: 38790840 PMCID: PMC11121311 DOI: 10.3390/foods13101540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The growing demand for sustainable and alternative protein sources has spurred interest in insect-based and plant-based proteins. Protaetia brevitarsis (PB) larvae and isolated soy protein (ISP) are notable in this regard, offering potential health benefits and nutritional enhancements. We assessed the feasibility of PB larvae and ISP mixtures as alternative food ingredients. Methods included the optimized purification and freeze-drying of PB larvae, extraction and refinement of legume proteins, physicochemical and antioxidant capacity evaluations, DPPH radical scavenging activity measurement, total phenolic and flavonoids content quantification, general component analysis, amino acid profiling using HPLC, fatty acid profiling through gas chromatography, and mineral content analysis using inductively coupled plasma spectrometry. The study found that certain PB:ISP ratios, particularly a 7:3 ratio, significantly improved the blend's antioxidant capacity, as evidenced by DPPH scavenging activity. This ratio also impacted the nutritional profile by altering the mixture's general components, with a notable increase in moisture, crude protein, and fiber and a decrease in crude fat and ash. Amino acid analysis revealed a balanced presence of essential and non-essential amino acids. The fatty acid profile was rich in unsaturated fatty acids, especially in certain ratios. Mineral analysis showed a complex interplay between PB larvae and ISP, with some minerals decreasing and others increasing in the blend. PB larvae and ISP mixtures have significant potential as alternative protein sources, offering a diversified nutritional profile and enhanced antioxidant properties. The 7:3 ratio of PB larvae to ISP has been shown to be particularly effective, suggesting that this ratio may offer an optimal balance for enhancing the overall nutritional quality of the mixture. This study sets the stage for future research to further explore and optimize the potential of these mixtures for human consumption while considering the challenges of consumer acceptance and long-term safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Chae Cho
- Department of Convergence Science, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea; (E.-C.C.); (S.A.)
| | - Surin Ahn
- Department of Convergence Science, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea; (E.-C.C.); (S.A.)
| | - Hyo-Jeong Hwang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea; (H.-J.H.); (K.-O.S.)
| | - Kyung-Ok Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea; (H.-J.H.); (K.-O.S.)
| | - Suwan Kim
- Suwan Co., Ltd., Jecheon, Chungbuk 27159, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yean-Jung Choi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea; (H.-J.H.); (K.-O.S.)
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Marrone G, Cornali K, Di Lauro M, Ceravolo MJ, Di Marco L, Manca di Villahermosa S, Mitterhofer AP, Noce A. Innovative Treatments to Counteract Endothelial Dysfunction in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1085. [PMID: 38791047 PMCID: PMC11117580 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12051085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, several risk factors contribute to the development of endothelial dysfunction (ED), which can be described as an alteration in the cell structure or in the function of the endothelium. Among the well-known CKD-related risk factors capable of altering the production of endothelium-derived relaxing factors, we include asymmetric dimethylarginine increase, reduced dimethylarginine dimethylamine hydrolase enzyme activity, low-grade chronic systemic inflammation, hyperhomocysteinemia, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, alteration of calcium phosphorus metabolism, and early aging. In this review, we also examined the most important techniques useful for studying ED in humans, which are divided into indirect and direct methods. The direct study of coronary endothelial function is considered the gold standard technique to evaluate if ED is present. In addition to the discussion of the main pharmacological treatments useful to counteract ED in CKD patients (namely sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist), we elucidate innovative non-pharmacological treatments that are successful in accompanying the pharmacological ones. Among them, the most important are the consumption of extra virgin olive oil with high intake of minor polar compounds, adherence to a plant-dominant, low-protein diet (LPD), an adaptive physical activity program and, finally, ketoanalogue administration in combination with the LPD or the very low-protein diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Marrone
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy (K.C.); (L.D.M.); (S.M.d.V.); (A.P.M.)
| | - Kevin Cornali
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy (K.C.); (L.D.M.); (S.M.d.V.); (A.P.M.)
| | - Manuela Di Lauro
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy (K.C.); (L.D.M.); (S.M.d.V.); (A.P.M.)
| | - Maria Josè Ceravolo
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University Hospital of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Di Marco
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy (K.C.); (L.D.M.); (S.M.d.V.); (A.P.M.)
| | - Simone Manca di Villahermosa
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy (K.C.); (L.D.M.); (S.M.d.V.); (A.P.M.)
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University Hospital of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Paola Mitterhofer
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy (K.C.); (L.D.M.); (S.M.d.V.); (A.P.M.)
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University Hospital of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Noce
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy (K.C.); (L.D.M.); (S.M.d.V.); (A.P.M.)
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University Hospital of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
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20
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Chang L, Fan WW, Yuan HL, Liu X, Wang Q, Ruan GP, Pan XH, Zhu XQ. Role of umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells in skin rejuvenation. NPJ Regen Med 2024; 9:20. [PMID: 38729990 PMCID: PMC11087646 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-024-00363-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is the main cause of many degenerative diseases. The skin is the largest and the most intuitive organ that reflects the aging of the body. Under the interaction of endogenous and exogenous factors, there are cumulative changes in the structure, function, and appearance of the skin, which are characterized by decreased synthesis of collagen and elastin, increased wrinkles, relaxation, pigmentation, and other aging characteristics. skin aging is inevitable, but it can be delayed. The successful isolation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) in 1991 has greatly promoted the progress of cell therapy in human diseases. The International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT) points out that the MSC is a kind of pluripotent progenitor cells that have self-renewal ability (limited) in vitro and the potential for mesenchymal cell differentiation. This review mainly introduces the role of perinatal umbilical cord-derived MSC(UC-MSC) in the field of skin rejuvenation. An in-depth and systematic understanding of the mechanism of UC-MSCs against skin aging is of great significance for the early realization of the clinical transformation of UC-MSCs. This paper summarized the characteristics of skin aging and summarized the mechanism of UC-MSCs in skin rejuvenation reported in recent years. In order to provide a reference for further research of UC-MSCs to delay skin aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Chang
- The Basic Medical Laboratory of the 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, The Transfer Medicine Key Laboratory of Cell Therapy Technology of Yunan Province, The Integrated Engineering Research Center of Cell Biological Medicine of State and Regions, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Wei-Wen Fan
- The Basic Medical Laboratory of the 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, The Transfer Medicine Key Laboratory of Cell Therapy Technology of Yunan Province, The Integrated Engineering Research Center of Cell Biological Medicine of State and Regions, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, China
| | - He-Ling Yuan
- The Basic Medical Laboratory of the 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, The Transfer Medicine Key Laboratory of Cell Therapy Technology of Yunan Province, The Integrated Engineering Research Center of Cell Biological Medicine of State and Regions, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Xin Liu
- The Basic Medical Laboratory of the 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, The Transfer Medicine Key Laboratory of Cell Therapy Technology of Yunan Province, The Integrated Engineering Research Center of Cell Biological Medicine of State and Regions, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- The Basic Medical Laboratory of the 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, The Transfer Medicine Key Laboratory of Cell Therapy Technology of Yunan Province, The Integrated Engineering Research Center of Cell Biological Medicine of State and Regions, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Guang-Ping Ruan
- The Basic Medical Laboratory of the 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, The Transfer Medicine Key Laboratory of Cell Therapy Technology of Yunan Province, The Integrated Engineering Research Center of Cell Biological Medicine of State and Regions, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Xing-Hua Pan
- The Basic Medical Laboratory of the 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, The Transfer Medicine Key Laboratory of Cell Therapy Technology of Yunan Province, The Integrated Engineering Research Center of Cell Biological Medicine of State and Regions, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, China.
| | - Xiang-Qing Zhu
- The Basic Medical Laboratory of the 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, The Transfer Medicine Key Laboratory of Cell Therapy Technology of Yunan Province, The Integrated Engineering Research Center of Cell Biological Medicine of State and Regions, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, China.
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21
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Zaher A, Mapuskar KA, Petronek MS, Tanas MR, Isaacson AL, Dodd RD, Milhem M, Furqan M, Spitz DR, Miller BJ, Beardsley RA, Allen BG. Superoxide Dismutase Mimetic Avasopasem Manganese Enhances Radiation Therapy Effectiveness in Soft Tissue Sarcomas and Accelerates Wound Healing. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:587. [PMID: 38790692 PMCID: PMC11117842 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) are mesenchymal malignant lesions that develop in soft tissues. Despite current treatments, including radiation therapy (RT) and surgery, STSs can be associated with poor patient outcomes and metastatic recurrences. Neoadjuvant radiation therapy (nRT), while effective, is often accompanied by severe postoperative wound healing complications due to damage to the surrounding normal tissues. Thus, there is a need to develop therapeutic approaches to reduce nRT toxicities. Avasopasem manganese (AVA) is a selective superoxide dismutase mimetic that protects against IR-induced oral mucositis and lung fibrosis. We tested the efficacy of AVA in enhancing RT in STSs and in promoting wound healing. Using colony formation assays and alkaline comet assays, we report that AVA selectively enhanced the STS (liposarcoma, fibrosarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, and MPNST) cellular response to radiation compared to normal dermal fibroblasts (NDFs). AVA is believed to selectively enhance radiation therapy by targeting differential hydrogen peroxide clearance in tumor cells compared to non-malignant cells. STS cells demonstrated increased catalase protein levels and activity compared to normal fibroblasts. Additionally, NDFs showed significantly higher levels of GPx1 activity compared to STSs. The depletion of glutathione using buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) sensitized the NDF cells to AVA, suggesting that GPx1 may, in part, facilitate the selective toxicity of AVA. Finally, AVA significantly accelerated wound closure in a murine model of wound healing post RT. Our data suggest that AVA may be a promising combination strategy for nRT therapy in STSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Zaher
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (A.Z.); (K.A.M.); (M.S.P.); (D.R.S.)
| | - Kranti A. Mapuskar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (A.Z.); (K.A.M.); (M.S.P.); (D.R.S.)
| | - Michael S. Petronek
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (A.Z.); (K.A.M.); (M.S.P.); (D.R.S.)
| | - Munir R. Tanas
- Department of Pathology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (M.R.T.); (A.L.I.)
| | - Alexandra L. Isaacson
- Department of Pathology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (M.R.T.); (A.L.I.)
- Department of Pathology, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Rebecca D. Dodd
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (R.D.D.); (M.M.); (M.F.)
| | - Mohammed Milhem
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (R.D.D.); (M.M.); (M.F.)
| | - Muhammad Furqan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (R.D.D.); (M.M.); (M.F.)
| | - Douglas R. Spitz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (A.Z.); (K.A.M.); (M.S.P.); (D.R.S.)
| | - Benjamin J. Miller
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
| | - Robert A. Beardsley
- Galera Therapeutics Inc., 2 West Liberty Blvd., Suite 110, Malvern, PA 19355, USA;
| | - Bryan G. Allen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (A.Z.); (K.A.M.); (M.S.P.); (D.R.S.)
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22
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Chen M, Qin Y, Peng Y, Mai R, Teng H, Qi Z, Mo J. Advancing stroke therapy: the potential of MOF-based nanozymes in biomedical applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1363227. [PMID: 38798955 PMCID: PMC11119330 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1363227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we explored the growing use of metal-organic framework (MOF)-based Nanozymes in biomedical research, with a specific emphasis on their applications in stroke therapy. We have discussed the complex nature of stroke pathophysiology, highlighting the crucial role of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and acknowledging the limitations of natural enzymes in addressing these challenges. We have also discussed the role of nanozymes, particularly those based on MOFs, their structural similarities to natural enzymes, and their potential to improve reactivity in various biomedical applications. The categorization of MOF nanozymes based on enzyme-mimicking activities is discussed, and their applications in stroke therapy are explored. We have reported the potential of MOF in treating stroke by regulating ROS levels, alleviation inflammation, and reducing neuron apoptosis. Additionally, we have addressed the challenges in developing efficient antioxidant nanozyme systems for stroke treatment. The review concludes with the promise of addressing these challenges and highlights the promising future of MOF nanozymes in diverse medical applications, particularly in the field of stroke treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meirong Chen
- The Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- Medical College of Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Yang Qin
- Department of Graduate and Postgraduate Education Management, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Yongmei Peng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Ruyu Mai
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Huanyao Teng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Zhongquan Qi
- Medical College of Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Jingxin Mo
- The Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- Lab of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
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23
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Pérez-Díaz C, Pérez-Carrascosa FM, Riquelme-Gallego B, Villegas-Arana E, Armendariz AJ, Galindo-Ángel J, Frederiksen H, León J, Requena P, Arrebola JP. Serum Phthalate Concentrations and Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Adipose Tissue in a Spanish Adult Cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:7719-7730. [PMID: 38651840 PMCID: PMC11080070 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c07150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The relationship between phthalates, a group of chemical pollutants classified as endocrine disruptors, and oxidative stress is not fully understood. The aim of the present hospital-based study was to explore the associations between circulating levels of 10 phthalate metabolites and 8 biomarkers of oxidative stress in adipose tissue. The study population (n = 143) was recruited in two hospitals in the province of Granada (Spain). Phthalate metabolite concentrations were analyzed by isotope diluted online-TurboFlow-LC-MS/MS in serum samples, while oxidative stress markers were measured by commercially available kits in adipose tissue collected during routine surgery. Statistical analyses were performed by MM estimators' robust linear regression and weighted quantile sum regression. Mainly, positive associations were observed of monomethyl phthalate (MMP), monoiso-butyl phthalate (MiBP), and mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP) (all low molecular weight phthalates) with glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), while an inverse association was found between monoiso-nonyl phthalate (MiNP) (high molecular weight phthalate) and the same biomarkers. WQS analyses showed significant effects of the phthalate mixture on GSH (β = -30.089; p-value = 0.025) and GSSG levels (β = -19.591; p-value = 0.030). Despite the limitations inherent to the cross-sectional design, our novel study underlines the potential influence of phthalate exposure on redox homeostasis, which warrants confirmation in further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Pérez-Díaz
- Department
of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Pharmacy School, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto
de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), Avda. de Madrid, 15. Pabellón de Consultas
Externas 2, 2a Planta, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco M. Pérez-Carrascosa
- Department
of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Pharmacy School, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Blanca Riquelme-Gallego
- Department
of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Pharmacy School, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Department
of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, C/ Cortadura del Valle Sn, 51001 Ceuta, Spain
| | - Elena Villegas-Arana
- Department
of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Pharmacy School, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Alejandro Joaquín Armendariz
- Department
of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Pharmacy School, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Javier Galindo-Ángel
- Department
of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Pharmacy School, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Hanne Frederiksen
- Department
of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University
Hospital, Rigshospitalet,
Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- International
Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption
of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Josefa León
- Instituto
de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), Avda. de Madrid, 15. Pabellón de Consultas
Externas 2, 2a Planta, 18012 Granada, Spain
- CIBER
en
Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón
11. Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Unidad
de Gestión Clínica de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio de Granada, Av. del Conocimiento, s/n, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Pilar Requena
- Department
of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Pharmacy School, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto
de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), Avda. de Madrid, 15. Pabellón de Consultas
Externas 2, 2a Planta, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Consortium
for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11. Planta
0, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Pedro Arrebola
- Department
of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Pharmacy School, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto
de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), Avda. de Madrid, 15. Pabellón de Consultas
Externas 2, 2a Planta, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Consortium
for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11. Planta
0, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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24
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Basyal D, Lee S, Kim HJ. Antioxidants and Mechanistic Insights for Managing Dry Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:568. [PMID: 38790673 PMCID: PMC11117704 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) severely affects central vision due to progressive macular degeneration and its staggering prevalence is rising globally, especially in the elderly population above 55 years. Increased oxidative stress with aging is considered an important contributor to AMD pathogenesis despite multifaceted risk factors including genetic predisposition and environmental agents. Wet AMD can be managed with routine intra-vitreal injection of angiogenesis inhibitors, but no satisfactory medicine has been approved for the successful management of the dry form. The toxic carbonyls due to photo-oxidative degradation of accumulated bisretinoids within lysosomes initiate a series of events including protein adduct formation, impaired autophagy flux, complement activation, and chronic inflammation, which is implicated in dry AMD. Therapy based on antioxidants has been extensively studied for its promising effect in reducing the impact of oxidative stress. This paper reviews the dry AMD pathogenesis, delineates the effectiveness of dietary and nutrition supplements in clinical studies, and explores pre-clinical studies of antioxidant molecules, extracts, and formulations with their mechanistic insights.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hye Jin Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Dauge 42601, Republic of Korea
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25
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Mohr P, Hanna C, Powell A, Penman S, Blum K, Sharafshah A, Lewandrowski KU, Badgaiyan RD, Bowirrat A, Pinhasov A, Thanos PK. Selenoprotein P in a Rodent Model of Exercise; Theorizing Its Interaction with Brain Reward Dysregulation, Addictive Behavior, and Aging. J Pers Med 2024; 14:489. [PMID: 38793071 PMCID: PMC11122084 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14050489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Exercise promotes health and wellness, including its operation as a protective factor against a variety of psychological, neurological, and chronic diseases. Selenium and its biomarker, selenoprotein P (SEPP1), have been implicated in health, including cancer prevention, neurological function, and dopamine signaling. SEPP1 blood serum levels were compared with a one-way ANOVA between sedentary (SED), moderately exercised (MOD) [10 m/min starting at 10 min, increasing to 60 min], and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) exercised rats [30 min in intervals of 2-min followed by a 1-min break, speed progressively increased from 10 to 21 m/min]. HIIT rats showed significantly higher serum SEPP1 concentrations compared to MOD and SED. More specifically, HIIT exercise showed an 84% increase in SEPP1 levels compared to sedentary controls. MOD rats had greater serum SEPP1 concentrations compared to SED, a 33% increase. The results indicated that increased exercise intensity increases SEPP1 levels. Exercise-induced increases in SEPP1 may indicate an adaptive response to the heightened oxidative stress. Previous studies found a significant increase in dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) binding in these same rats, suggesting a potential association between SEPP1 and dopamine signaling during exercise. Modulating antioxidants like SEPP1 through personalized therapies, including exercise, has broad implications for health, disease, and addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Mohr
- Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions, Clinical Research Institute on Addictions, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacob School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203-1014, USA
| | - Colin Hanna
- Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions, Clinical Research Institute on Addictions, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacob School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203-1014, USA
| | - Aidan Powell
- Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions, Clinical Research Institute on Addictions, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacob School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203-1014, USA
| | - Samantha Penman
- Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions, Clinical Research Institute on Addictions, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacob School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203-1014, USA
| | - Kenneth Blum
- Department of Molecular Biology, Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
- Division of Addiction Research & Education, Center for Sports, Exercise, and Mental Health, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Alireza Sharafshah
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht 8813833435, Iran
| | - Kai-Uwe Lewandrowski
- Department of Orthopaedics, Universitaria Sanitas, Fundación, Bogotá P.O. Box 011, Colombia
| | | | - Abdalla Bowirrat
- Department of Molecular Biology, Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - Albert Pinhasov
- Department of Molecular Biology, Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - Panayotis K. Thanos
- Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions, Clinical Research Institute on Addictions, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacob School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203-1014, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
- Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260-4110, USA
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26
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Jomova K, Alomar SY, Alwasel SH, Nepovimova E, Kuca K, Valko M. Several lines of antioxidant defense against oxidative stress: antioxidant enzymes, nanomaterials with multiple enzyme-mimicking activities, and low-molecular-weight antioxidants. Arch Toxicol 2024; 98:1323-1367. [PMID: 38483584 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-024-03696-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are well recognized for playing a dual role, since they can be either deleterious or beneficial to biological systems. An imbalance between ROS production and elimination is termed oxidative stress, a critical factor and common denominator of many chronic diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases, neurological disorders (Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases), and other disorders. To counteract the harmful effects of ROS, organisms have evolved a complex, three-line antioxidant defense system. The first-line defense mechanism is the most efficient and involves antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). This line of defense plays an irreplaceable role in the dismutation of superoxide radicals (O2•-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The removal of superoxide radicals by SOD prevents the formation of the much more damaging peroxynitrite ONOO- (O2•- + NO• → ONOO-) and maintains the physiologically relevant level of nitric oxide (NO•), an important molecule in neurotransmission, inflammation, and vasodilation. The second-line antioxidant defense pathway involves exogenous diet-derived small-molecule antioxidants. The third-line antioxidant defense is ensured by the repair or removal of oxidized proteins and other biomolecules by a variety of enzyme systems. This review briefly discusses the endogenous (mitochondria, NADPH, xanthine oxidase (XO), Fenton reaction) and exogenous (e.g., smoking, radiation, drugs, pollution) sources of ROS (superoxide radical, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical, peroxyl radical, hypochlorous acid, peroxynitrite). Attention has been given to the first-line antioxidant defense system provided by SOD, CAT, and GPx. The chemical and molecular mechanisms of antioxidant enzymes, enzyme-related diseases (cancer, cardiovascular, lung, metabolic, and neurological diseases), and the role of enzymes (e.g., GPx4) in cellular processes such as ferroptosis are discussed. Potential therapeutic applications of enzyme mimics and recent progress in metal-based (copper, iron, cobalt, molybdenum, cerium) and nonmetal (carbon)-based nanomaterials with enzyme-like activities (nanozymes) are also discussed. Moreover, attention has been given to the mechanisms of action of low-molecular-weight antioxidants (vitamin C (ascorbate), vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol), carotenoids (e.g., β-carotene, lycopene, lutein), flavonoids (e.g., quercetin, anthocyanins, epicatechin), and glutathione (GSH)), the activation of transcription factors such as Nrf2, and the protection against chronic diseases. Given that there is a discrepancy between preclinical and clinical studies, approaches that may result in greater pharmacological and clinical success of low-molecular-weight antioxidant therapies are also subject to discussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Jomova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine The Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, 949 74, Slovakia
| | - Suliman Y Alomar
- Doping Research Chair, Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh H Alwasel
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Hradec Kralove, 50005, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Hradec Kralove, 50005, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Marian Valko
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, 812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia.
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27
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Hwangbo H, Park C, Bang E, Kim HS, Bae SJ, Kim E, Jung Y, Leem SH, Seo YR, Hong SH, Kim GY, Hyun JW, Choi YH. Morroniside Protects C2C12 Myoblasts from Oxidative Damage Caused by ROS-Mediated Mitochondrial Damage and Induction of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2024; 32:349-360. [PMID: 38602043 PMCID: PMC11063479 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2024.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress contributes to the onset of chronic diseases in various organs, including muscles. Morroniside, a type of iridoid glycoside contained in Cornus officinalis, is reported to have advantages as a natural compound that prevents various diseases. However, the question of whether this phytochemical exerts any inhibitory effect against oxidative stress in muscle cells has not been well reported. Therefore, the current study aimed to evaluate whether morroniside can protect against oxidative damage induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in murine C2C12 myoblasts. Our results demonstrate that morroniside pretreatment was able to inhibit cytotoxicity while suppressing H2O2-induced DNA damage and apoptosis. Morroniside also significantly improved the antioxidant capacity in H2O2-challenged C2C12 cells by blocking the production of cellular reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial superoxide and increasing glutathione production. In addition, H2O2-induced mitochondrial damage and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress were effectively attenuated by morroniside pretreatment, inhibiting cytoplasmic leakage of cytochrome c and expression of ER stress-related proteins. Furthermore, morroniside neutralized H2O2-mediated calcium (Ca2+) overload in mitochondria and mitigated the expression of calpains, cytosolic Ca2+-dependent proteases. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that morroniside protected against mitochondrial impairment and Ca2+-mediated ER stress by minimizing oxidative stress, thereby inhibiting H2O2-induced cytotoxicity in C2C12 myoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Hwangbo
- Basic Research Laboratory for the Regulation of Microplastic-Mediated Diseases, Department of Biochemistry, College of Korean Medicine, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Park
- Department Division of Basic Sciences, College of Liberal Studies, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
| | - EunJin Bang
- Basic Research Laboratory for the Regulation of Microplastic-Mediated Diseases, Department of Biochemistry, College of Korean Medicine, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk Soon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Natural Science and Department of Health Sciences, The Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Jin Bae
- Department of Molecular Biology and Immunology, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan 49267, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjeong Kim
- BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, School of Life Sciences, College of National Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngmi Jung
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Hee Leem
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Natural Science and Department of Health Sciences, The Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Rok Seo
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Department of Life Science, Dongguk University Biomedi Campus, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Hyun Hong
- Basic Research Laboratory for the Regulation of Microplastic-Mediated Diseases, Department of Biochemistry, College of Korean Medicine, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Young Kim
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Won Hyun
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, and Jeju Research Center for Natural Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Basic Research Laboratory for the Regulation of Microplastic-Mediated Diseases, Department of Biochemistry, College of Korean Medicine, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
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28
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Tavakolpournegari A, Villacorta A, Morataya-Reyes M, Arribas Arranz J, Banaei G, Pastor S, Velázquez A, Marcos R, Hernández A, Annangi B. Harmful effects of true-to-life nanoplastics derived from PET water bottles in human alveolar macrophages. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 348:123823. [PMID: 38513942 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
The increasing presence of secondary micro/nanoplastics (MNPLs) in the environment requires knowing if they represent a real health concern. To such end, an important point is to test representative MNPLs such as the denominated true-to-life MNPLs, resulting from the degradation of plastic goods in lab conditions. In this study, we have used polyethylene terephthalate (PET) NPLs resulting from the degradation of PET water bottles. Since inhalation is an important exposure route to environmental MNPLS, we have used mouse alveolar macrophages (MH-S) as a target cell, and the study focused only on the cells that have internalized them. This type of approach is novel as it may capture the realistic adverse effects of PETNPLs only in the internalized cells, thereby mitigating any biases while assessing the risk of these MNPLs. Furthermore, the study utilized a set of biomarkers including intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, variations on the mitochondrial membrane potential values, and the macrophage polarization to M1 (pro-inflammatory response) and M2 (anti-proinflammatory response) as possible cellular effects due to PETNPLs in only the cells that internalized PETNPLs. After exposures lasting for 3 and 24 h to a range of concentrations (0, 25, 50, and 100 μg/mL) the results indicate that no toxicity was induced despite the 100% internalization observed at the highest concentration. Significant intracellular levels of ROS were observed, mainly at exposures lasting for 24 h, in an indirect concentration-effect relationship. Interestingly, a reduction in the mitochondrial membrane potential was observed, but only at exposures lasting for 24 h, but without a clear concentration-effect relationship. Finally, PETNPL exposure shows a significant polarization from M0 to M1 and M2 subtypes. Polarization to M1 (pro-inflammatory stage) was more marked and occurred at both exposure times. Polarization to M2 (anti-inflammatory stage) was only observed after exposures lasting for 24 h. Due to the relevance of the described biomarkers, our results underscore the need for further research, to better understand the health implications associated with MNPL exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Tavakolpournegari
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aliro Villacorta
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain; Facultad de Recursos Naturales Renovables, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique, Chile
| | - Michelle Morataya-Reyes
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jéssica Arribas Arranz
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gooya Banaei
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Pastor
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonia Velázquez
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ricard Marcos
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Alba Hernández
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Balasubramanyam Annangi
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
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29
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Abdelhafez HEDH, Abdallah AA, Abdel-Razik RK, Hamed NA, Elshatory A, Awad W, Khalaf AAA, Mekkawy AM. Sex comparison of oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis triggers induced by single-dose Abamectin in albino rats. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 201:105903. [PMID: 38685225 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.105903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Abamectin (AB) is widely used in agriculture and has been employed as an insecticide, nematicide, and livestock pest control agent. However, it may also pose a serious threat to mammals. The primary purpose of this research was to compare the sex variations between male and female rats during exposure and to assess the risk of toxicity of abamectin, which are still largely unknown. The twenty albino rats were divided randomly into four groups (n = 5): 1) the male control group; 2) the male treatment group treated with AB (1 mg/kg B.W.); 3) the female control group; and 4) the female treatment group treated with AB (1 mg/kg B.W.). AB administration caused a drop in body weight in females more than males with showing oxidative stress in both sexes of animals, as characterized by an increase in MDA content and a decrease in glutathione (GSH) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Reported sex-specific effects suggested that females are more susceptible from males in brain tissues for alteration of antioxidant markers while females' liver and kidney tissues showed more level of lipid peroxidation than males. In addition, mitochondrial dysfunction was associated with a significant decrease in NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) and a significant decrease in mitochondrial ATPase, which led to apoptosis and histopathological alterations in the targeted tissues, indicating that females are higher sensitive than males to these biological events. In brief, the results of this study led to female rats are generally more sensitive than male rats to neurobehavioral and hepatic complications associated with abamectin treatment. Further evaluation should be performed to determine the adverse outcome pathways involved and to determine the effects of sex on improving the risk assessment of abamectin in both sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossam El Din H Abdelhafez
- Mammalian and Aquatic Toxicology Department, Central Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, P.O. Box 12618, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Amr A Abdallah
- Mammalian and Aquatic Toxicology Department, Central Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, P.O. Box 12618, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Reda K Abdel-Razik
- Mammalian and Aquatic Toxicology Department, Central Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, P.O. Box 12618, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Nadia A Hamed
- Mammalian and Aquatic Toxicology Department, Central Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, P.O. Box 12618, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Elshatory
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Walaa Awad
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Abo El-Reesh Al Mounira Hospital, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdel Azeim A Khalaf
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Aya M Mekkawy
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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30
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Yu PR, Tseng CY, Hsu CC, Chen JH, Lin HH. In vitro and in vivo protective potential of quercetin-3-glucuronide against lipopolysaccharide-induced pulmonary injury through dual activation of nuclear factor-erythroid 2 related factor 2 and autophagy. Arch Toxicol 2024; 98:1415-1436. [PMID: 38436694 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-024-03691-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
In vitro and in vivo models of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced pulmonary injury, quercetin-3-glucuronide (Q3G) has been previously revealed the lung-protective potential via downregulation of inflammation, pyroptotic, and apoptotic cell death. However, the upstream signals mediating anti-pulmonary injury of Q3G have not yet been clarified. It has been reported that concerted dual activation of nuclear factor-erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) and autophagy may prove to be a better treatment strategy in pulmonary injury. In this study, the effect of Q3G on antioxidant and autophagy were further investigated. Noncytotoxic doses of Q3G abolished the LPS-caused cell injury, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation with inductions in Nrf2-antioxidant signaling. Moreover, Q3G treatment repressed Nrf2 ubiquitination, and enhanced the association of Keap1 and p62 in the LPS-treated cells. Q3G also showed potential in inducing autophagy, as demonstrated by formation of acidic vesicular organelles (AVOs) and upregulation of autophagy factors. Next, the autolysosomes formation and cell survival were decreased by Q3G under pre-treatment with a lysosome inhibitor, chloroquine (CQ). Furthermore, mechanistic assays indicated that anti-pulmonary injury effects of Q3G might be mediated via Nrf2 signaling, as confirmed by the transfection of Nrf2 siRNA. Finally, Q3G significantly alleviated the development of pulmonary injury in vivo, which may result from inhibiting the LPS-induced lung dysfunction and edema. These findings emphasize a toxicological perspective, providing new insights into the mechanisms of Q3G's protective effects on LPS-induced pulmonary injury and highlighting its role in dual activating Nrf2 and autophagy pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Rong Yu
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Yun Tseng
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chin Hsu
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Hsien Chen
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan
- Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Hsuan Lin
- Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo N. Road, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan.
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31
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Kumar S, Dhiman M. Helicobacter pylori secretary Proteins-Induced oxidative stress and its role in NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Cell Immunol 2024; 399-400:104811. [PMID: 38518686 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2024.104811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori-associated stomach infection is a leading cause of gastric ulcer and related cancer. H. pylori modulates the functions of infiltrated immune cells to survive the killing by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) produced by these cells. Uncontrolled immune responses further produce excess ROS and RNS which lead to mucosal damage. The persistent oxidative stress is a major cause of gastric cancer. H. pylori regulates nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases (NOXs), nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2), and polyamines to control ROS and RNS release through lesser-known mechanisms. ROS and RNS produced by these pathways differentiate macrophages and T cells from protective to inflammatory phenotype. Pathogens-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) induced ROS activates nuclear oligomerization domain (NOD), leucine rich repeats (LRR) and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome for the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. This study evaluates the role of H. pylori secreted concentrated proteins (HPSCP) related oxidative stress role in NLRP3 inflammasome activation and macrophage differentiation. To perceive the role of ROS/RNS, THP-1 and AGS cells were treated with 10 μM diphenyleneiodonium (DPI), 50 μM salicyl hydroxamic acid (SHX), 5 μM Carbonyl cyanide-4-(trifluoromethoxy) phenylhydrazone (FCCP), which are specific inhibitors of NADPH oxidase (NOX), Myeloperoxidase (MPO), and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation respectively. Cells were also treated with 10 μM of NOS2 inhibitor l-NMMA and 10 μM of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), a free radical scavenger·H2O2 (100 μM) treated and untreated cells were used as positive controls and negative control respectively. The expression of gp91phox (NOX2), NOS2, NLRP3, CD86 and CD163 was analyzed through fluorescent microscopy. THP-1 macrophages growth was unaffected whereas the gastric epithelial AGS cells proliferated in response to higher concentration of HPSCP. ROS and myeloperoxidase (MPO) level increased in THP-1 cells and nitric oxide (NO) and lipid peroxidation significantly decreased in AGS cells. gp91phox expression was unchanged, whereas NOS2 and NLRP3 downregulated in response to HPSCP, but increased after inhibition of NO, ROS and MPO in THP-1 cells. HPSCP upregulated the expression of M1 and M2 macrophage markers, CD86 and CD163 respectively, which was decreased after the inhibition of ROS. This study concludes that there are multiple pathways which are generating ROS during H. pylori infection which further regulates other cellular processes. NO is closely associated with MPO and inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome. The low levels of NO and MPO regulates gastrointestinal tract homeostasis and overcomes the inflammatory response of NLRP3. The ROS also plays crucial role in macrophage polarization hence alter the immune responses duing H. pylori pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151 401 Punjab, India
| | - Monisha Dhiman
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151 401 Punjab, India.
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32
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Taviano MF, Arena P, Davì F, Cavò E, Spadaro V, Raimondo FM, Cacciola F, Laganà Vinci R, Mondello L, Miceli N. Contribution of Phenolic Compounds to the Antioxidant Activity of Leaf and Flower Extracts of Sinapis pubescens L. subsp. pubescens (Brassicaceae). Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202400272. [PMID: 38489001 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Within a study focused on Sinapis pubescens subsp. pubescens wild from Sicily (Italy), an edible species still unexplored, our earlier published work has demonstrated good in vitro antioxidant properties for the flower and leaf hydroalcoholic extracts, exhibiting quite different qualitative-quantitative phenolic profiles. Herein, further research was designed to elucidate the role played by phenolic compounds in the different antioxidant mechanisms highlighted for the extracts. To achieve this goal, the crude extracts were subjected to liquid-liquid partitioning with solvents of increasing polarity; then, the fractions were investigated for their antioxidant properties using different in vitro assays. For both flowers and leaves, the ethyl acetate fractions exhibited the best activity in DPPH and reducing power assays, followed by n-butanol. The total phenolic content determination indicated these fractions as the phenolic-rich ones, which were characterized by HPLC-PDA/ESI-MS analysis. Conversely, the phenolic-rich fractions did not show any chelating activity, which was highlighted for the more hydrophobic ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fernanda Taviano
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Paola Arena
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166, Messina, Italy
- Foundation "Prof. Antonio Imbesi", University of Messina, Piazza Pugliatti 1, 98122, Messina, Italy
| | - Federica Davì
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166, Messina, Italy
- Foundation "Prof. Antonio Imbesi", University of Messina, Piazza Pugliatti 1, 98122, Messina, Italy
| | - Emilia Cavò
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Vivienne Spadaro
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Section of Botany, Anthropology and Zoology, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 38, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Maria Raimondo
- PLANTA/Research, Documentation and Training Center, Via Serraglio Vecchio 28, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Cacciola
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125, Messina, Italy
| | - Roberto Laganà Vinci
- Messina Institute of Technology c/o Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, former Veterinary School, University of Messina, Viale G. Palatucci snc, 98168 -, Messina, Italy
| | - Luigi Mondello
- Messina Institute of Technology c/o Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, former Veterinary School, University of Messina, Viale G. Palatucci snc, 98168 -, Messina, Italy
- Chromaleont s.r.l., c/o Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, former Veterinary School, University of Messina, Viale G. Palatucci snc, 98168 -, Messina, Italy
| | - Natalizia Miceli
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166, Messina, Italy
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33
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Deepu V, Rai V, Agrawal DK. Quantitative Assessment of Intracellular Effectors and Cellular Response in RAGE Activation. ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE RESEARCH 2024; 7:80-103. [PMID: 38784044 PMCID: PMC11113086 DOI: 10.26502/aimr.0168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The review delves into the methods for the quantitative assessment of intracellular effectors and cellular response of Receptor for Advanced Glycation End products (RAGE), a vital transmembrane receptor involved in a range of physiological and pathological processes. RAGE bind to Advanced Glycation End products (AGEs) and other ligands, which in turn activate diverse downstream signaling pathways that impact cellular responses such as inflammation, oxidative stress, and immune reactions. The review article discusses the intracellular signaling pathways activated by RAGE followed by differential activation of RAGE signaling across various diseases. This will ultimately guide researchers in developing targeted and effective interventions for diseases associated with RAGE activation. Further, we have discussed how PCR, western blotting, and microscopic examination of various molecules involved in downstream signaling can be leveraged to monitor, diagnose, and explore diseases involving proteins with unique post-translational modifications. This review article underscores the pressing need for advancements in molecular approaches for disease detection and management involving RAGE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinitha Deepu
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California 91763, USA
| | - Vikrant Rai
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California 91763, USA
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California 91763, USA
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Li TF, Xu Z, Zhang K, Yang X, Thakur A, Zeng S, Yan Y, Liu W, Gao M. Effects and mechanisms of N6-methyladenosine RNA methylation in environmental pollutant-induced carcinogenesis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 277:116372. [PMID: 38669875 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Environmental pollution, including air pollution, plastic contamination, and heavy metal exposure, is a pressing global issue. This crisis contributes significantly to pollution-related diseases and is a critical risk factor for chronic health conditions, including cancer. Mounting evidence underscores the pivotal role of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) as a crucial regulatory mechanism in pathological processes and cancer progression. Governed by m6A writers, erasers, and readers, m6A orchestrates alterations in target gene expression, consequently playing a vital role in a spectrum of RNA processes, covering mRNA processing, translation, degradation, splicing, nuclear export, and folding. Thus, there is a growing need to pinpoint specific m6A-regulated targets in environmental pollutant-induced carcinogenesis, an emerging area of research in cancer prevention. This review consolidates the understanding of m6A modification in environmental pollutant-induced tumorigenesis, explicitly examining its implications in lung, skin, and bladder cancer. We also investigate the biological mechanisms that underlie carcinogenesis originating from pollution. Specific m6A methylation pathways, such as the HIF1A/METTL3/IGF2BP3/BIRC5 network, METTL3/YTHDF1-mediated m6A modification of IL 24, METTL3/YTHDF2 dynamically catalyzed m6A modification of AKT1, METTL3-mediated m6A-modified oxidative stress, METTL16-mediated m6A modification, site-specific ATG13 methylation-mediated autophagy, and the role of m6A in up-regulating ribosome biogenesis, all come into play in this intricate process. Furthermore, we discuss the direction regarding the interplay between pollutants and RNA metabolism, particularly in immune response, providing new information on RNA modifications for future exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong-Fei Li
- Shiyan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Nanoformulation Research, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Renmin road No. 30, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, China
| | - Zhijie Xu
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Kui Zhang
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Xiaoxin Yang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Abhimanyu Thakur
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Shuangshuang Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Yuanliang Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.
| | - Wangrui Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China.
| | - Ming Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
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35
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Belenichev I, Popazova O, Bukhtiyarova N, Savchenko D, Oksenych V, Kamyshnyi O. Modulating Nitric Oxide: Implications for Cytotoxicity and Cytoprotection. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:504. [PMID: 38790609 PMCID: PMC11118938 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the significant progress in the fields of biology, physiology, molecular medicine, and pharmacology; the designation of the properties of nitrogen monoxide in the regulation of life-supporting functions of the organism; and numerous works devoted to this molecule, there are still many open questions in this field. It is widely accepted that nitric oxide (•NO) is a unique molecule that, despite its extremely simple structure, has a wide range of functions in the body, including the cardiovascular system, the central nervous system (CNS), reproduction, the endocrine system, respiration, digestion, etc. Here, we systematize the properties of •NO, contributing in conditions of physiological norms, as well as in various pathological processes, to the mechanisms of cytoprotection and cytodestruction. Current experimental and clinical studies are contradictory in describing the role of •NO in the pathogenesis of many diseases of the cardiovascular system and CNS. We describe the mechanisms of cytoprotective action of •NO associated with the regulation of the expression of antiapoptotic and chaperone proteins and the regulation of mitochondrial function. The most prominent mechanisms of cytodestruction-the initiation of nitrosative and oxidative stresses, the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, and participation in apoptosis and mitosis. The role of •NO in the formation of endothelial and mitochondrial dysfunction is also considered. Moreover, we focus on the various ways of pharmacological modulation in the nitroxidergic system that allow for a decrease in the cytodestructive mechanisms of •NO and increase cytoprotective ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Belenichev
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Formulation with Course of Normal Physiology, Zaporizhzhia State Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 69000 Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine
| | - Olena Popazova
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Zaporizhzhia State Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 69000 Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine
| | - Nina Bukhtiyarova
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Zaporizhzhia State Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 69000 Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine
| | - Dmytro Savchenko
- Department of Pharmacy and Industrial Drug Technology, Bogomolets National Medical University, 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Valentyn Oksenych
- Broegelmann Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Oleksandr Kamyshnyi
- Department of Microbiology, Virology and Immunology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil State Medical University, 46001 Ternopil, Ukraine;
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36
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Smołucha G, Steg A, Oczkowicz M. The Role of Vitamins in Mitigating the Effects of Various Stress Factors in Pigs Breeding. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1218. [PMID: 38672365 PMCID: PMC11047633 DOI: 10.3390/ani14081218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Good practices in farm animal care are crucial for upholding animal well-being, efficiency, and health. Pigs, like other farm animals, are exposed to various stressors, including environmental, nutritional, chemical, psychological, physiological, and metabolic stressors, which can disrupt their internal balance and compromise their well-being. Oxidative stress can adversely affect animal performance, fertility, and immunity, leading to economic losses for farmers. Dietary considerations are hugely important in attaining these objectives. This paper reviews studies investigating the impact of additional vitamin supplementation on stress reduction in pigs. Vitamin A can be beneficial in counteracting viral and parasitic threats. Vitamin B can be a potential solution for reproductive issues, but it might also be beneficial in reducing the effects of inappropriate nutrition. Vitamin C plays a vital role in reducing the effects of heat stress or exposure to toxins in pigs. Vitamin D proves to be beneficial in addressing stress induced mostly by infections and weaning, while vitamin E has been shown to mitigate the effects of toxins, heat stress, or transport stress. This review highlights the potential benefits of these dietary antioxidants in maintaining pig health, enhancing productivity, and counteracting the adverse effects of various stressors. Understanding the role of vitamins in pig nutrition and stress management is vital for optimising farm animal welfare and production efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Smołucha
- Department of Animal Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, ul. Krakowska 1, 32-083 Balice, Poland; (A.S.); (M.O.)
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Yang S, Yang X, Hou Z, Zhu L, Yao Z, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Teng J, Fang C, Chen S, Jia M, Liu Z, Kang S, Chen Y, Li G, Niu Y, Cai Q. Rationale for immune checkpoint inhibitors plus targeted therapy for advanced renal cell carcinoma. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29215. [PMID: 38623200 PMCID: PMC11016731 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a frequent urological malignancy characterized by a high rate of metastasis and lethality. The treatment strategy for advanced RCC has moved through multiple iterations over the past three decades. Initially, cytokine treatment was the only systemic treatment option for patients with RCC. With the development of medicine, antiangiogenic agents targeting vascular endothelial growth factor and mammalian target of rapamycin and immunotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have emerged and received several achievements in the therapeutics of advanced RCC. However, ICIs have still not brought completely satisfactory results due to drug resistance and undesirable side effects. For the past years, the interests form researchers have been attracted by the combination of ICIs and targeted therapy for advanced RCC and the angiogenesis and immunogenic tumor microenvironmental variations in RCC. Therefore, we emphasize the potential principle and the clinical progress of ICIs combined with targeted treatment of advanced RCC, and summarize the future direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwei Yang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xianrui Yang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zekai Hou
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Liang Zhu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhili Yao
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Yanzhuo Chen
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Teng
- Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Cheng Fang
- Taihe County People's Hospital, Anhui, China
| | - Songmao Chen
- Department of Urology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian, China
- Provincial Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Mingfei Jia
- Department of Urology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Hebei, China
| | - Zhifei Liu
- Department of Urology, Tangshan People's Hospital, Hebei, China
| | - Shaosan Kang
- Department of Urology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Hebei, China
| | - Yegang Chen
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuanjie Niu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiliang Cai
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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38
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Izu GO, Mfotie Njoya E, Tabakam GT, Nambooze J, Otukile KP, Tsoeu SE, Fasiku VO, Adegoke AM, Erukainure OL, Mashele SS, Makhafola TJ, Sekhoacha MP, Chukwuma CI. Unravelling the Influence of Chlorogenic Acid on the Antioxidant Phytochemistry of Avocado ( Persea americana Mill.) Fruit Peel. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:456. [PMID: 38671904 PMCID: PMC11047442 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is pivotal in the pathology of many diseases. This study investigated the antioxidant phytochemistry of avocado (Persea americana Mill.) peel. Different solvent extracts (dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and water) of avocado peel were subjected to total phenol and flavonoid quantification, as well as in vitro radical scavenging and ferric reducing evaluation. The methanol extract was subjected to gradient column chromatographic fractionation. Fraction 8 (eluted with hexane:chloroform:methanol volume ratio of 3:6.5:0.5, respectively) was subjected to LC-MS analysis. It was assessed for cellular inhibition of lipid peroxidation and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ROS and NO production. The DPPH radical scavenging mechanism of chlorogenic acid was investigated using Density Functional Theory (DFT). The methanol extract and fraction 8 had the highest phenol content and radical scavenging activity. Chlorogenic acid (103.5 mg/mL) and 1-O-caffeoylquinic acid (102.3 mg/mL) were the most abundant phenolics in the fraction. Fraction 8 and chlorogenic acid dose-dependently inhibited in vitro (IC50 = 5.73 and 6.17 µg/mL) and cellular (IC50 = 15.9 and 9.34 µg/mL) FeSO4-induced lipid peroxidation, as well as LPS-induced ROS (IC50 = 39.6 and 28.2 µg/mL) and NO (IC50 = 63.5 and 107 µg/mL) production, while modulating antioxidant enzyme activity. The fraction and chlorogenic acid were not cytotoxic. DFT analysis suggest that an electron transfer, followed by proton transfer at carbons 3'OH and 4'OH positions may be the radical scavenging mechanism of chlorogenic acid. Considering this study is bioassay-guided, it is logical to conclude that chlorogenic acid strongly influences the antioxidant capacity of avocado fruit peel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria O. Izu
- Centre for Quality of Health and Living (CQHL), Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa; (G.O.I.); (E.M.N.); (G.T.T.); (S.S.M.); (T.J.M.)
| | - Emmanuel Mfotie Njoya
- Centre for Quality of Health and Living (CQHL), Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa; (G.O.I.); (E.M.N.); (G.T.T.); (S.S.M.); (T.J.M.)
| | - Gaetan T. Tabakam
- Centre for Quality of Health and Living (CQHL), Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa; (G.O.I.); (E.M.N.); (G.T.T.); (S.S.M.); (T.J.M.)
| | - Jennifer Nambooze
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa; (J.N.); (K.P.O.)
| | - Kgalaletso P. Otukile
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa; (J.N.); (K.P.O.)
| | - Seiso E. Tsoeu
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Wits 2050, South Africa;
| | - Victoria O. Fasiku
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa; (V.O.F.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Ayodeji M. Adegoke
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa; (V.O.F.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Ochuko L. Erukainure
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa
| | - Samson S. Mashele
- Centre for Quality of Health and Living (CQHL), Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa; (G.O.I.); (E.M.N.); (G.T.T.); (S.S.M.); (T.J.M.)
| | - Tshepiso J. Makhafola
- Centre for Quality of Health and Living (CQHL), Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa; (G.O.I.); (E.M.N.); (G.T.T.); (S.S.M.); (T.J.M.)
| | - Mamello P. Sekhoacha
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa; (V.O.F.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Chika I. Chukwuma
- Centre for Quality of Health and Living (CQHL), Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa; (G.O.I.); (E.M.N.); (G.T.T.); (S.S.M.); (T.J.M.)
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Mallamaci R, Conforti F, Statti G, Avato P, Barbarossa A, Meleleo D. Phenolic Compounds from Tropea Red Onion as Dietary Agents for Protection against Heavy Metals Toxicity. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:495. [PMID: 38672765 PMCID: PMC11051521 DOI: 10.3390/life14040495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to highlight the cell protective effect of Tropea red onion (TRO) hydroalcoholic extract and some of its components against "non-essential" heavy metals. For this purpose, the cytoprotective roles of cyanidin, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and quercetin against Cd, Hg and Pb and of TRO extract against Hg and Pb have been investigated, and data are reported here. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first detailed evaluation of the protective effect against cell damage induced by "non-essential" heavy metals through the simultaneous administration of cyanidin, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and quercetin with CdCl2, HgCl2 or PbCl2 and the TRO extract against HgCl2 and PbCl2. Present data are also compared with our previous results from the TRO extract against Cd. The antioxidant capacity of the extract was also determined by the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and the bovine brain peroxidation assay. Both of the assays indicated a good antioxidant capacity of the extract. Cell viability and the impact on necrotic cell death were examined by the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) test and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay. After 24 h of exposure, Caco-2 cell viability decreased by approximately 50% at 0.25 μM for Cd, Hg and Pb and, after 72 h, the ranking order of "non-essential" heavy metal toxicity on cell viability was PbCl2 > CdCl2 > HgCl2. Cell viability was assessed by treating the cells with the biomolecules at doses of 25, 50 and 100 µg/mL for 24 and 72 h. The same analysis was carried out on Caco-2 cells treated with combinations of TRO extract, cyanidin, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, or quercetin and "non-essential" heavy metals. Treatments with the bioactive metabolites did not significantly improve cell viability. The identical treatment of Caco-2 cells produced instead LDH release, suggesting a decrease in cell viability. Consistently with the finding that TRO extract showed a good antioxidant activity, we suggest that its higher cytotoxicity, compared to that of the individual assayed phytochemicals, may be derived by the combined antioxidant and chelating properties of all the molecules present in the extract. Therefore, from all the acquired experimental evidence, it appears that the TRO extract may be a better promising protective agent against the toxic effect of Cd, Hg and Pb compared to its bioactive metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Mallamaci
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Filomena Conforti
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria-DFSSN, 87036 Rende, Italy;
| | - Giancarlo Statti
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria-DFSSN, 87036 Rende, Italy;
| | - Pinarosa Avato
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy; (P.A.); (A.B.)
| | - Alexia Barbarossa
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy; (P.A.); (A.B.)
| | - Daniela Meleleo
- Department of Science of Agriculture, Food, Natural Resources and Engineering, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
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Artamonov MY, LeBaron TW, Pyatakovich FA, Minenko IA. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Priming: Potential Benefits of Administration of Molecular Hydrogen. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:469. [PMID: 38675429 PMCID: PMC11054387 DOI: 10.3390/ph17040469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Stem cell therapy has emerged as a promising avenue for regenerative medicine, offering the potential to treat a wide range of debilitating diseases and injuries. Among the various types of stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have garnered significant attention due to their unique properties and therapeutic potential. In recent years, researchers have been exploring novel approaches to enhance the effectiveness of MSC-based therapies. One such approach that has gained traction is the priming of MSCs with molecular hydrogen (H2). This article delves into the fascinating world of mesenchymal stem cell priming with molecular hydrogen and the potential benefits it holds for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tyler W. LeBaron
- Department of Kinesiology and Outdoor Recreation, Southern Utah University, Cedar City, UT 84720, USA
- Molecular Hydrogen Institute, Enoch, UT 84721, USA
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Scharf RM, Gonçalves CO, da Silva Fernandes A, Mazzei JL, Raquel Anastácio Ferraz E, Fernando Araujo Lima C, Felzenszwalb I. Antimutagenic and antitumor activities of a water-soluble fraction of soursop ( syn Graviola, Annona muricata L.) fruit pulp. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2024; 87:310-324. [PMID: 38285000 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2024.2309335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Soursop (Annona muricata) is a tropical tree whose decoction derived from bark, root, seed, or leaf has been used for medicinal uses. In addition, the fruit itself is considered a food, and the juice is utilized to treat heart and liver diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the phenolic content. In addition, a water-soluble fraction of the soursop fruit pulp (WSSP) was examined for the following properties: antioxidant, mutagenic, and antimutagenicity. UV-visible spectrophotometry determined total phenolic content by the Folin-Ciocalteu method to be 11.22 ± 0.6 mg of gallic acid equivalent per gram dried extract, and free-radical scavenging activity by the 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH•) showed an EC50 of 1032 µg/ml. In the Salmonella/microsome assay, no marked mutagenicity was induced following WSSP treatment, and a chemopreventive capacity was observed in the antimutagenic assay. The cytotoxicity assays were carried out using the water-soluble tetrazolium salt and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays demonstrated that WSSP induced significant cytotoxicity in MCF-7 and Caco-2 cells, indicating greater effectiveness of cytotoxic action by destroying cell membrane integrity. Data suggest that WSSP may exert beneficial effects as a DNA chemopreventive and antitumor agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raissa Miranda Scharf
- Laboratory of Environmental Mutagenesis, Department of Biophysics and Biometry, University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carine Oliveira Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Environmental Mutagenesis, Department of Biophysics and Biometry, University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Andreia da Silva Fernandes
- Laboratory of Environmental Mutagenesis, Department of Biophysics and Biometry, University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - José Luiz Mazzei
- Department of Natural Products, Institute of Drug Technology, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Elisa Raquel Anastácio Ferraz
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Administration, Pharmacy College, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Carlos Fernando Araujo Lima
- Laboratory of Environmental Mutagenesis, Department of Biophysics and Biometry, University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical and Technological Innovation, Molecular and Cell Biology Graduate Program, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Israel Felzenszwalb
- Laboratory of Environmental Mutagenesis, Department of Biophysics and Biometry, University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Yang Z, Chen G. Inhibition of Proliferation and Induction of Apoptosis in Prostatic Carcinoma DU145 Cells by Polysaccharides from Yunnan Rosa roxburghii Tratt. Molecules 2024; 29:1575. [PMID: 38611854 PMCID: PMC11013296 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate methodologies for the extraction and purification of polysaccharides from Rosa roxburghii Tratt fruits and their impact on various cellular processes in prostate cancer DU145 cells, including survival rate, migration, invasion, cell cycle, and apoptosis. RESULTS Compared to the control group, the polysaccharide exhibited a significant reduction in the viability, migration, and invasion rates of DU145 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner within the polysaccharide-treated groups. Additionally, it effectively arrested the cell cycle of DU145 cells at the G0/G1 phase by downregulating the expressions of CDK-4, CDK-6, and Cyclin D1. Furthermore, it induced apoptosis by upregulating the expressions of Caspase 3, Caspase 8, Caspase 9, and BAX. METHODS Polysaccharides were extracted from Rosa roxburghii Tratt sourced from Yunnan, China. Extraction and decolorization methods were optimized using response surface methodology, based on a single-factor experiment. Polysaccharide purification was carried out using DEAE-52 cellulose and Sephadex G-100 column chromatography. The optimal dosage of R. roxburghii Tratt polysaccharide affecting DU145 cells was determined using the CCK-8 assay. Cell migration and invasion were assessed using transwell and scratch assays. Flow cytometry was employed to analyze the effects on the cell cycle and apoptosis. Western blotting and Quantitative real-time PCR were utilized to examine protein and mRNA expressions in DU145 cells, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Rosa roxburghii Tratt polysaccharides, consisting of D-mannose, L-rhamnose, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, D-galacturonic acid, D-glucose, D-galactcose, D-xylose, L-arabinose, and L-fucose, possess the ability to hinder DU145 cell proliferation, migration, and invasion while inducing apoptosis through the modulation of relevant protein and gene expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guiyuan Chen
- School of Basic Medicine, Dali University, Dali 671003, China;
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Althaher AR, Oran SA, Awadallah MW, Ameen HH, Shehabi RF, Bourghli LMS, Mastinu A. Chemical Composition, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Activity of Ruta chalepensis L. Ethanolic Extract. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202400026. [PMID: 38372467 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Ruta chalepensis L. is a versatile herb used in culinary arts and traditional medicine. The study aimed to determine the chemical composition of an ethanolic extract from R. chalepensis and the total phenolic and flavonoid content. Additionally, the extracts' antimicrobial and antioxidant activities were tested. The disc diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) were used to test the antibacterial properties on four types of bacteria: Escherichia coli, Proteus penneri, Bacillus cereus, and Staphylococcus aureus. A colorimetric assay was used to evaluate the total phenolic and flavonoid content, and the DPPH method was used to assess the antioxidant activity. The phytochemical constituents were determined using LC-MS/MS. The results indicated that R. chalepensis ethanolic extract had 34 compounds, and the predominant compounds were quercetin (9.2 %), myricetin (8.8 %), and camphene (8.0 %). Moreover, the extract had a good level of polyphenols and flavonoids, as demonstrated by inhibiting free radicals (DPPH) (IC50 was 41.2±0.1). Also, the extract exhibited robust antimicrobial activity against P. penneri and S. aureus with an MIC of 12.5 and 25.0 μg/mL, respectively. In conclusion, the results suggest that the R. chalepensis ethanolic extract has good antioxidant and antibacterial properties that could be utilized to develop new antibacterial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arwa R Althaher
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, 11733, Jordan
| | - Sawsan A Oran
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Mirna W Awadallah
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, 11733, Jordan
| | - Hanan H Ameen
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Reham F Shehabi
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | | | - Andrea Mastinu
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Brescia, 25123, Brescia, Italy
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Pederiva VC, de Castro A, Belló-Klein A, Araujo ASDR, Turck P. Vascular Response of Triiodothyronine on Isolated Aortic Rings: Contribution of Redox Mechanisms. Arq Bras Cardiol 2024; 121:e20230236. [PMID: 38695407 PMCID: PMC11098570 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20230236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular dysfunction constitutes the etiology of many diseases, such as myocardial infarction and hypertension, with the disruption of redox homeostasis playing a role in the imbalance of the vasomotor control mechanism. Our group previously has shown that thyroid hormones exert protective effects on the aortic tissue of infarcted rats by improving angiogenesis signaling. OBJECTIVE Investigate the role of triiodothyronine (T3) on vascular response, exploring its effects on isolated aortas and whether there is an involvement of vascular redox mechanisms. METHODS Isolated aortic rings (intact- and denuded-endothelium) precontracted with phenylephrine were incubated with T3 (10-8, 10-7, 10-6, 10-5, and 10-4 M), and tension was recorded using a force-displacement transducer coupled with an acquisition system. To assess the involvement of oxidative stress, aortic rings were preincubated with T3 and subsequently submitted to an in vitro reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation system. The level of significance adopted in the statistical analysis was 5%. RESULTS T3 (10-4 M) promoted vasorelaxation of phenylephrine precontracted aortic rings in both intact- and denuded-endothelium conditions. Aortic rings preincubated in the presence of T3 (10-4 M) also showed decreased vasoconstriction elicited by phenylephrine (1 µM) in intact-endothelium preparations. Moreover, T3 (10-4 M) vasorelaxation effect persisted in aortic rings preincubated with NG-nitro-L-arginine methylester (L-NAME, 10 µM), a nonspecific NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor. Finally, T3 (10-4 M) exhibited, in vitro, an antioxidant role by reducing NADPH oxidase activity and increasing SOD activity in the aorta's homogenates. CONCLUSION T3 exerts dependent- and independent-endothelium vasodilation effects, which may be related to its role in maintaining redox homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviane Cristina Pederiva
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulDepartamento de FisiologiaLaboratório de Fisiologia CardiovascularPorto AlegreRSBrasilUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - Departamento de Fisiologia, Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Porto Alegre, RS – Brasil
| | - Alexandre de Castro
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulDepartamento de FisiologiaLaboratório de Fisiologia CardiovascularPorto AlegreRSBrasilUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - Departamento de Fisiologia, Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Porto Alegre, RS – Brasil
| | - Adriane Belló-Klein
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulDepartamento de FisiologiaLaboratório de Fisiologia CardiovascularPorto AlegreRSBrasilUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - Departamento de Fisiologia, Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Porto Alegre, RS – Brasil
| | - Alex Sander da Rosa Araujo
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulDepartamento de FisiologiaLaboratório de Fisiologia CardiovascularPorto AlegreRSBrasilUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - Departamento de Fisiologia, Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Porto Alegre, RS – Brasil
| | - Patrick Turck
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulDepartamento de FisiologiaLaboratório de Fisiologia CardiovascularPorto AlegreRSBrasilUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - Departamento de Fisiologia, Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Porto Alegre, RS – Brasil
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Zhou Z, Li G, Gao L, Zhou Y, Xiao Y, Bi H, Yang H. Lichen pectin-containing polysaccharide from Xanthoria elegans and its ability to effectively protect LX-2 cells from H 2O 2-induced oxidative damage. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 265:130712. [PMID: 38471602 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Xanthoria elegans, a drought-tolerant lichen, is the original plant of the traditional Chinese medicine "Shihua" and effectively treats a variety of liver diseases. However, thus far, the hepatoprotective effects of polysaccharides, the most important chemical constituents of X. elegans, have not been determined. The aim of this study was to screen the polysaccharide fraction for hepatoprotective activity by using free radical scavenging assays and a H2O2-induced Lieming Xu-2 cell (LX-2) oxidative damage model and to elucidate the chemical composition of the bioactive polysaccharide fraction. In the present study, three polysaccharide fractions (XEP-50, XEP-70 and XEP-90) were obtained from X. elegans by hot-water extraction, DEAE-cellulose anion exchange chromatography separation and ethanol gradient precipitation. Among the three polysaccharide fractions, XEP-70 exhibited the best antioxidant activity in free radical scavenging capacity and reducing power assays. Structural studies showed that XEP-70 was a pectin-containing heteropolysaccharide fraction that was composed mainly of (1 → 4)-linked and (1 → 4,6)-linked α-D-Glcp, (1 → 4)-linked α-D-GalpA, (1 → 2)-linked, (1 → 6)-linked and (1 → 2,6)-linked α-D-Manp, and (1 → 6)-linked and (1 → 2,6)-linked β-D-Galf. Furthermore, XEP-70 exhibited effectively protect LX-2 cells against H2O2-induced oxidative damage by enhancing cellular antioxidant capacity by activating the Nrf2/Keap1/ARE signaling pathway. Thus, XEP-70 has good potential to protect hepatic stellate cells against oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhou
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Xining 810001, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guoqiang Li
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Xining 810001, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liang Gao
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Xining 810001, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yubi Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Xining 810001, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuancan Xiao
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Xining 810001, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongtao Bi
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Hongxia Yang
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Xining 810001, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Zhou T, Chen S, Mao J, Fei Y, Yu X, Han L. Composite Dietary Antioxidant Index is negatively associated with olfactory dysfunction among adults in the United States: A cross-sectional study. Nutr Res 2024; 124:85-93. [PMID: 38428291 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
The Comprehensive Dietary Antioxidant Index (CDAI) plays a crucial role as an indicator of diets rich in antioxidants. Despite its importance, the clinical significance of CDAI concerning olfactory dysfunction (OD) remains unknown. Our study aims to investigate whether there is an association between CDAI and OD within the general adult population aged 20 years and older. We hypothesized a negative correlation between CDAI and OD in the general adult population. A cross-sectional study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (n = 1624; >20 y of age). A multivariate logistic regression model examined the connection between CDAI and OD. Smooth-fitted curves were used to investigate the nonlinear relationship between CDAI and OD. A threshold effect analysis was then used to pinpoint the inflection point. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on gender and age. Multivariate regression analysis revealed a negative correlation between CDAI and OD. After controlling for variables, the risk of OD in the highest quartile of CDAI was significantly lower than in the lowest quartile (Q1) (odds ratio = 0.64; 95% confidence interval, 0.44-0.92; P = .0148). Stratified analysis indicated a significant association between CDAI and OD in individuals younger than age 60 years and male. This research suggests that increasing the co-ingestion of antioxidants within a moderate range can reduce the incidence of OD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingfeng Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325015, China
| | - Shihao Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325015, China
| | - Jiesheng Mao
- Department of Neurology, Postgraduate training base Alliance of Wenzhou Medical University (Wenzhou People's Hospital), China
| | - Yijiao Fei
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325015, China
| | - Xinru Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325015, China
| | - Liang Han
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325015, China.
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Wdowiak N, Wójtowicz K, Wdowiak-Filip A, Pucek W, Wróbel A, Wróbel J, Wdowiak A. Environmental Factors as the Main Hormonal Disruptors of Male Fertility. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1986. [PMID: 38610751 PMCID: PMC11012640 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13071986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE Many scientific reports confirm a systematic decline in male semen parameters over the last decades. This phenomenon has been observed in all parts of the world, and its occurrence is associated, among others, with the hazardous effects of some environmental factors. The environmental factors for which the adverse effect on male fertility has been proven include water, air, and soil pollution, as well as electromagnetic fields and ionizing radiation. The aim of this article was the evaluation of the effect of selected environmental factors on male reproductive capacity based on an analysis of the current scientific reports. REVIEW METHODS A systematic literature review was carried out using three databases: PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus. The search was limited to the period from 2015 until the end of December 2023. Brief description of the state of knowledge: Environmental factors, such as heavy metals, tobacco smoke, pesticides, dioxins, furans, phthalates, and bisphenols, are well-tested substances that exert an adverse effect on male fertility. A harmful effect of electromagnetic fields and water and air pollution on reproductive functions may be expected; however, this has not been fully proven. SUMMARY Results obtained by many researchers published to date should evoke great concern regarding the quality of the environment in which we live, as well as fears about the effect of environmental factors not only on male fertility, but also on all aspects of human health. The majority of environmental pollutants affect the male body by causing oxidative stress and through their effect on the endocrine system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Wdowiak
- Chair of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 4-6 Street, 20-081 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Kamila Wójtowicz
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics. Municipal Hospital, Saint Michael the Archangel in Łańcut, Parens, Infertility Clinic in Rzeszów, 35-309 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Anita Wdowiak-Filip
- Department of Cosmetology and Aesthetic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Weronika Pucek
- National Medical Institute of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Andrzej Wróbel
- Second Department of Gynecology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Jan Wróbel
- Medical Faculty, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Artur Wdowiak
- Chair of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 4-6 Street, 20-081 Lublin, Poland;
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Schmidt J, Juhasz K, Bona A. Exploring the Chemical Profile, In Vitro Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Santolina rosmarinifolia Extracts. Molecules 2024; 29:1515. [PMID: 38611794 PMCID: PMC11013006 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, the phytochemical composition, in vitro antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects of the aqueous and 60% ethanolic (EtOH) extracts of Santolina rosmarinifolia leaf, flower, and root were examined. The antioxidant activity of S. rosmarinifolia extracts was determined by 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assays. The total phenolic content (TPC) of the extracts was measured by the Folin-Ciocalteu assay. The anti-inflammatory effect of the extracts was monitored by the Griess assay. The chemical composition of S. rosmarinifolia extracts was analysed using the LC-MS technique. According to our findings, 60% EtOH leaf extracts showed the highest Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) values in both ABTS (8.39 ± 0.43 µM) and DPPH (6.71 ± 0.03 µM) antioxidant activity assays. The TPC values of the samples were in good correspondence with the antioxidant activity measurements and showed the highest gallic acid equivalent value (130.17 ± 0.01 µg/mL) in 60% EtOH leaf extracts. In addition, the 60% EtOH extracts of the leaves were revealed to possess the highest anti-inflammatory effect. The LC-MS analysis of S. rosmarinifolia extracts proved the presence of ascorbic acid, catalpol, chrysin, epigallocatechin, geraniol, isoquercitrin, and theanine, among others, for the first time. However, additional studies are needed to investigate the direct relationship between the chemical composition and physiological effects of the herb. The 60% EtOH extracts of S. rosmarinifolia leaves are potential new sources of natural antioxidants and anti-inflammatory molecules in the production of novel nutraceutical products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Agnes Bona
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (J.S.); (K.J.)
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Lu Z, Yang Y, Zhao G, Zhang Y, Sun Y, Liao Y, Kang Z, Feng X, Sun J, Yue W. The Association of Redox Regulatory Drug Target Genes with Psychiatric Disorders: A Mendelian Randomization Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:398. [PMID: 38671846 PMCID: PMC11047424 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Redox regulatory drug (RRD) targets may be considered potential novel drug targets of psychosis due to the fact that the brain is highly susceptible to oxidative stress imbalance. The aim of the present study is to identify potential associations between RRD targets' perturbation and the risk of psychoses; to achieve this, Mendelian randomization analyses were conducted. The expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) and protein QTL data were used to derive the genetic instrumental variables. We obtained the latest summary data of genome-wide association studies on seven psychoses as outcomes, including schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar disorder (BD), major depressive disorder (MDD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism, obsessive-compulsive disorder and anorexia nervosa. In total, 95 unique targets were included in the eQTL panel, and 48 targets in the pQTL one. Genetic variations in the vitamin C target (OGFOD2, OR = 0.784, p = 2.14 × 10-7) and melatonin target (RORB, OR = 1.263, p = 8.80 × 10-9) were significantly related to the risk of SCZ. Genetic variation in the vitamin E (PRKCB, OR = 0.248, p = 1.24 × 10-5) target was related to an increased risk of BD. Genetic variation in the vitamin C target (P4HTM: cerebellum, OR = 1.071, p = 4.64 × 10-7; cerebellar hemisphere, OR = 1.092, p = 1.98 × 10-6) was related to an increased risk of MDD. Cognitive function mediated the effects on causal associations. In conclusion, this study provides supportive evidence for a causal association between RRD targets and risk of SCZ, BD or MDD, which were partially mediated by cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Lu
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, No. 51 Hua Yuan Bei Road, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.L.); (G.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (Z.K.); (X.F.); (J.S.)
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China;
| | - Guorui Zhao
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, No. 51 Hua Yuan Bei Road, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.L.); (G.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (Z.K.); (X.F.); (J.S.)
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuyanan Zhang
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, No. 51 Hua Yuan Bei Road, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.L.); (G.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (Z.K.); (X.F.); (J.S.)
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yaoyao Sun
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, No. 51 Hua Yuan Bei Road, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.L.); (G.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (Z.K.); (X.F.); (J.S.)
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yundan Liao
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, No. 51 Hua Yuan Bei Road, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.L.); (G.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (Z.K.); (X.F.); (J.S.)
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhewei Kang
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, No. 51 Hua Yuan Bei Road, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.L.); (G.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (Z.K.); (X.F.); (J.S.)
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaoyang Feng
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, No. 51 Hua Yuan Bei Road, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.L.); (G.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (Z.K.); (X.F.); (J.S.)
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Junyuan Sun
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, No. 51 Hua Yuan Bei Road, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.L.); (G.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (Z.K.); (X.F.); (J.S.)
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Weihua Yue
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, No. 51 Hua Yuan Bei Road, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.L.); (G.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (Z.K.); (X.F.); (J.S.)
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 102206, China
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Bondy SC. Mitochondrial Dysfunction as the Major Basis of Brain Aging. Biomolecules 2024; 14:402. [PMID: 38672420 PMCID: PMC11048299 DOI: 10.3390/biom14040402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The changes in the properties of three biological events that occur with cerebral aging are discussed. These adverse changes already begin to develop early in mid-life and gradually become more pronounced with senescence. Essentially, they are reflections of the progressive decline in effectiveness of key processes, resulting in the deviation of essential biochemical trajectories to ineffective and ultimately harmful variants of these programs. The emphasis of this review is the major role played by the mitochondria in the transition of these three important processes toward more deleterious variants as brain aging proceeds. The immune system: the shift away from an efficient immune response to a more unfocused, continuing inflammatory condition. Such a state is both ineffective and harmful. Reactive oxygen species are important intracellular signaling systems. Additionally, microglial phagocytic activity utilizing short lived reactive oxygen species contribute to the removal of aberrant or dead cells and bacteria. These processes are transformed into an excessive, untargeted, and persistent generation of pro-oxidant free radicals (oxidative stress). The normal efficient neural transmission is modified to a state of undirected, chronic low-level excitatory activity. Each of these changes is characterized by the occurrence of continuous activity that is inefficient and diffused. The signal/noise ratio of several critical biological events is thus reduced as beneficial responses are gradually replaced by their impaired and deleterious variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen C. Bondy
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Health, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA;
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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