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Fernandes AS, de Melo Bisneto AV, Silva LS, Flávia Luiz Cardoso Bailão E, Cardoso CG, Carneiro CC, da Costa Santos S, Chen-Chen L. Tellimagrandin-I and camptothin a exhibit chemopreventive effects in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strains and human lymphocytes. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2024; 87:185-198. [PMID: 38073488 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2023.2290641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Tellimagrandin-I (TL) and camptothin A (CA) are ellagitannins widely found in diverse plant species. Numerous studies demonstrated their significant biological activities, which include antitumor, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective properties. Despite this protective profile, the effects of TL and CA on DNA have not been comprehensively investigated. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the mutagenic and antimutagenic effects attributed to TL and CA exposure on Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strains using the Ames test. In addition, the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects were examined on human lymphocytes, employing both trypan blue exclusion and CometChip assay. The antigenotoxic effect was determined following TL and CA exposure in the presence of co-treatment with doxorubicin (DXR). Our results from the Ames test indicated that TL or CA did not display marked mutagenic activity. However, TL or CA demonstrated an ability to protect DNA against the damaging effects of the mutagens 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide and sodium azide, thereby exhibiting antimutagenic properties. In relation to human lymphocytes, TL or CA did not induce significant cytotoxic or genotoxic actions on these cells. Further, these ellagitannins exhibited an ability to protect DNA from damage induced by DOX during co-treatment, indicating their potential beneficial usefulness as antigenotoxic agents. In conclusion, the protective effects of TL or CA against mutagens, coupled with their absence of genotoxic and cytotoxic effects on human lymphocytes, emphasize their potential therapeutic value in chemopreventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Silva Fernandes
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Abel Vieira de Melo Bisneto
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Luana Santos Silva
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Clever Gomes Cardoso
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Cristiene Costa Carneiro
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Lee Chen-Chen
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
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2
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Mamun MAA, Rakib A, Mandal M, Kumar S, Singla B, Singh UP. Polyphenols: Role in Modulating Immune Function and Obesity. Biomolecules 2024; 14:221. [PMID: 38397458 PMCID: PMC10887194 DOI: 10.3390/biom14020221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols, long-used components of medicinal plants, have drawn great interest in recent years as potential therapeutic agents because of their safety, efficacy, and wide range of biological effects. Approximately 75% of the world's population still use plant-based medicinal compounds, indicating the ongoing significance of phytochemicals for human health. This study emphasizes the growing body of research investigating the anti-adipogenic and anti-obesity functions of polyphenols. The functions of polyphenols, including phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, glycosides, and phenolic acids, are distinct due to changes in chemical diversity and structural characteristics. This review methodically investigates the mechanisms by which naturally occurring polyphenols mediate obesity and metabolic function in immunomodulation. To this end, hormonal control of hunger has the potential to inhibit pro-obesity enzymes such as pancreatic lipase, the promotion of energy expenditure, and the modulation of adipocytokine production. Specifically, polyphenols affect insulin, a hormone that is essential for regulating blood sugar, and they also play a role, in part, in a complex web of factors that affect the progression of obesity. This review also explores the immunomodulatory properties of polyphenols, providing insight into their ability to improve immune function and the effects of polyphenols on gut health, improving the number of commensal bacteria, cytokine production suppression, and immune cell mediation, including natural killer cells and macrophages. Taken together, continuous studies are required to understand the prudent and precise mechanisms underlying polyphenols' therapeutic potential in obesity and immunomodulation. In the interim, this review emphasizes a holistic approach to health and promotes the consumption of a wide range of foods and drinks high in polyphenols. This review lays the groundwork for future developments, indicating that the components of polyphenols and their derivatives may provide the answer to urgent worldwide health issues. This compilation of the body of knowledge paves the way for future discoveries in the global treatment of pressing health concerns in obesity and metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Udai P. Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Avenue, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; (M.A.A.M.); (A.R.); (M.M.); (S.K.); (B.S.)
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3
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Fernandes AS, de Melo Bisneto AV, Silva LS, Bailão EFLC, Cardoso CG, Carneiro CC, da Costa Santos S, Chen-Chen L. Pedunculagin and tellimagrandin-I stimulate inflammation and angiogenesis and upregulate vascular endothelial growth factor and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in vivo. Microvasc Res 2024; 151:104615. [PMID: 37797833 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2023.104615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Pedunculagin (PD) and tellimagrandin-I (TL), isolated from Myrciaria cauliflora seeds and Eucaliptus microcorys leaves, respectively, have attracted great attention owing to their relevant biological activities, such as antitumor, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective activities. This study investigated the angiogenic potential of PD and TL using a chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. Using the CAM assay, our results showed that both PD and TL promoted a significant increase in the number and caliber of blood vessels, the thickness of the CAM, and the presence of fibroblasts and inflammatory cells. Moreover, an increase of tumor necrosis factor-α and vascular endothelial growth factor was observed in the CAM treated with PD and TL, indicating the induction of angiogenic factors. Thus, the remarkable profile of PD and TL in inducing angiogenesis opens up new perspectives for their potential utilization in different therapeutic approaches involving neovascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Silva Fernandes
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Abel Vieira de Melo Bisneto
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Luana Santos Silva
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Clever Gomes Cardoso
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Cristiene Costa Carneiro
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Lee Chen-Chen
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
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4
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Suominen E, Savila S, Sillanpää M, Damlin P, Karonen M. Affinity of Tannins to Cellulose: A Chromatographic Tool for Revealing Structure-Activity Patterns. Molecules 2023; 28:5370. [PMID: 37513244 PMCID: PMC10384774 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Food, feed and beverage processing brings tannins into contact with macromolecules, such as proteins and polysaccharides, leading to different chemical and physical interactions. The interactions of tannins with proteins are well known but less is known about the affinity of tannins to polysaccharides. We used bacterial cellulose from nata de coco as a model compound to investigate how tannins and cellulose interact by adsorption measurements using UPLC-DAD. We also explored how the structure of tannins influences these interactions. The model tannins included nine individual structurally different hydrolysable tannins (HTs) and eight well-defined proanthocyanidin (PA) fractions with different monomeric units, mean degree of polymerization and both A- and B-type linkages. Tannins were found to have both strong and weak interactions with bacterial cellulose, depending on the exact structure of the tannin. For HTs, the main structural features affecting the interactions were the structural flexibility of the HT molecule and the number of free galloyl groups. For PAs, prodelphinidins were found to have a higher affinity to cellulose than procyanidins. Similarly to HTs, the presence of free galloyl groups in galloylated PAs and the flexibility of the PA molecule led to a stronger interaction. Adsorption measurements by UPLC-DAD proved to be a sensitive and rapid tool to evaluate the affinity of tannins to cellulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essi Suominen
- Natural Chemistry Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Santeri Savila
- Natural Chemistry Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Mimosa Sillanpää
- Natural Chemistry Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Pia Damlin
- Materials Chemistry Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Maarit Karonen
- Natural Chemistry Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
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5
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Bhat S, Pradeep S, Patil SS, Flores-Holguín N, Glossman-Mitnik D, Frau J, Sommano SR, Ali N, Mohany M, Shivamallu C, Prasad SK, Kollur SP. Preliminary Evaluation of Lablab purpureus Phytochemicals for Anti-BoHV-1 Activity Using In Vitro and In Silico Approaches. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:22684-22697. [PMID: 37396248 PMCID: PMC10308559 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Lablab purpureus from the Fabaceae family has been reported to have antiviral properties and used in traditional medical systems like ayurveda and Chinese medicine and has been employed to treat a variety of illnesses including cholera, food poisoning, diarrhea, and phlegmatic diseases. The bovine alphaherpesvirus-1 (BoHV-1) is notorious for causing significant harm to the veterinary and agriculture industries. The removal of the contagious BoHV-1 from host organs, particularly in those reservoir creatures, has required the use of antiviral drugs that target infected cells. This study developed LP-CuO NPs from methanolic crude extracts, and FTIR, SEM, and EDX analyses were used to confirm their formation. SEM analysis revealed that the LP-CuO NPs had a spherical shape with particle sizes between 22 and 30 nm. Energy-dispersive X-ray pattern analysis revealed the presence of only copper and oxide ions. By preventing viral cytopathic effects in the Madin-Darby bovine kidney cell line, the methanolic extract of Lablab purpureus and LP-CuO NPs demonstrated a remarkable dose-dependent anti-BoHV-1 action in vitro. Furthermore, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation studies of bio-actives from Lablab purpureus against the BoHV-1 viral envelope glycoprotein disclosed effective interactions between all phytochemicals and the protein, although kievitone was found to have the highest binding affinity, with the greatest number of interactions, which was also validated with molecular dynamics simulation studies. Understanding the chemical reactivity qualities of the four ligands was taken into consideration facilitated by the global and local descriptors, which aimed to predict the chemical reactivity descriptors of the studied molecules through the conceptual DFT methodology, which, along with ADMET finding, support the in vitro and in silico results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smitha
S. Bhat
- Department
of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, JSS
Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570 015, India
| | - Sushma Pradeep
- Department
of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, JSS
Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570 015, India
| | - Sharanagouda S. Patil
- ICAR-National
Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI), Yelahanka, Bengaluru 560 064, India
| | - Norma Flores-Holguín
- Laboratorio
Virtual NANOCOSMOS, Departamento de Medio Ambiente y Energía, Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, Chihuahua, Chihuahua 31136, Mexico
| | - Daniel Glossman-Mitnik
- Laboratorio
Virtual NANOCOSMOS, Departamento de Medio Ambiente y Energía, Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, Chihuahua, Chihuahua 31136, Mexico
| | - Juan Frau
- Departament
de Química, Facultat de Ciences, Universitat de les Illes Balears, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Sarana Rose Sommano
- Plant
Bioactive Compound Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Nemat Ali
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Mohany
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chandan Shivamallu
- Department
of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, JSS
Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570 015, India
| | - Shashanka K. Prasad
- Department
of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, JSS
Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570 015, India
- Plant
Bioactive Compound Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Shiva Prasad Kollur
- School
of Physical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham,
Mysuru Campus, Mysuru, Karnataka 570 026, India
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6
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Murata T, Jamsransuren D, Matsuda S, Ogawa H, Takeda Y. Rapid Virucidal Activity of Japanese Saxifraga Species-Derived Condensed Tannins against SARS-CoV-2, Influenza A Virus, and Human Norovirus Surrogate Viruses. Appl Environ Microbiol 2023:e0023723. [PMID: 37184410 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00237-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), influenza A virus (IAV), and norovirus are global threats to human health. The application of effective virucidal agents, which contribute to the inactivation of viruses on hands and environmental surfaces, is important to facilitate robust virus infection control measures. Naturally derived virucidal disinfectants have attracted attention owing to their safety and eco-friendly properties. In this study, we showed that multiple Japanese Saxifraga species-derived fractions demonstrated rapid, potent virucidal activity against the SARS-CoV-2 ancestral strain and multiple variant strains, IAV, and two human norovirus surrogates: feline calicivirus (FCV) and murine norovirus (MNV). Condensed tannins were identified as active chemical constituents that play a central role in the virucidal activities of these fractions. At a concentration of 25 μg/mL, the purified condensed tannin fraction Sst-2R induced significant reductions in the viral titers of the SARS-CoV-2 ancestral strain, IAV, and FCV (reductions of ≥3.13, ≥3.00, and 2.50 log10 50% tissue culture infective doses [TCID50]/mL, respectively) within 10 s of reaction time. Furthermore, at a concentration of 100 μg/mL, Sst-2R induced a reduction of 1.75 log10 TCID50/mL in the viral titers of MNV within 1 min. Western blotting and transmission electron microscopy analyses revealed that Sst-2R produced structural abnormalities in viral structural proteins and envelopes, resulting in the destruction of viral particles. Furthermore, Saxifraga species-derived fraction-containing cream showed virucidal activity against multiple viruses within 10 min. Our findings indicate that Saxifraga species-derived fractions containing condensed tannins can be used as disinfectants against multiple viruses on hands and environmental surfaces. IMPORTANCE SARS-CoV-2, IAV, and norovirus are highly contagious pathogens. The use of naturally derived components as novel virucidal/antiviral agents is currently attracting attention. We showed that fractions from extracts of Saxifraga species, in the form of a solution as well as a cream, exerted potent, rapid virucidal activities against SARS-CoV-2, IAV, and surrogates of human norovirus. Condensed tannins were found to play a central role in this activity. The in vitro cytotoxicity of the purified condensed tannin fraction at a concentration that exhibited some extent of virucidal activity was lower than that of 70% ethanol or 2,000 ppm sodium hypochlorite solution, which are popular virucidal disinfectants. Our study suggests that Saxifraga species-derived fractions containing condensed tannins can be used on hands and environmental surfaces as safe virucidal agents against multiple viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Murata
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Dulamjav Jamsransuren
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Sachiko Matsuda
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Haruko Ogawa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yohei Takeda
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan
- Research Center for Global Agromedicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan
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7
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Kumar S, Verma AK, Singh SP, Awasthi A. Immunostimulants for shrimp aquaculture: paving pathway towards shrimp sustainability. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:25325-25343. [PMID: 35025041 PMCID: PMC8755978 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18433-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
At present, food security is a matter of debate of global magnitude and fulfilling the feeding requirement of > 8 billion human populations by 2030 is one of the major concerns of the globe. Aquaculture plays a significant role to meet the global food requirement. Shrimp species such as Litopenaeus vannamei, Penaeus monodon, and Macrobrachium rosenbergii are among the most popular food commodities worldwide. As per Global Outlook for Aquaculture Leadership survey, disease outbreaks have been a matter of concern from the past many decades regarding the shrimp aquaculture production. Among the past disease outbreaks, white spot disease caused by the white spot syndrome virus is considered to be one of the most devastating ones that caused colossal losses to the shrimp industry. Since the virus is highly contagious, it spreads gregariously among the shrimp population; hence, practicing proper sanitization practices is crucial in order to have disease-free shrimps. Additionally, in order to control the disease, antibiotics were used that further leads to bioaccumulation and biomagnification of antibiotics in several food webs. The bioaccumulation of the toxic residues in the food webs further adversely affected human too. Recently, immunostimulants/antivirals were used as an alternative to antibiotics. They were found to enhance the immune system of shrimps in eco-friendly manner. In context to this, the present paper presents a critical review on the immunostimulants available from plants, animals, and chemicals against WSSV in shrimps. Looking into this scenario, maintaining proper sanitation procedures in conjunction with the employment of immunostimulants may be a viable approach for preserving shrimp aquaculture across the globe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kumar
- Department of Zoology, Maharaja Agrasen University, Baddi, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Arunima Kumar Verma
- Department of Zoology, Government Autonomous P.G. College, Madhya Pradesh, Satna, India
| | - Shivesh Pratap Singh
- Department of Zoology, Government Autonomous P.G. College, Madhya Pradesh, Satna, India
| | - Abhishek Awasthi
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharaja Agrasen University, Baddi, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India.
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de Araujo IG, Pattaro-Júnior JR, Barbosa CG, Philippsen GS, Silva AR, Ioshino RS, Moraes CB, Freitas-Junior LH, Barros L, Peralta RM, Fernandez MA, Seixas FAV. Potential of plant extracts in targeting SARS-CoV-2 main protease: an in vitro and in silico study. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:12204-12213. [PMID: 36651196 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2166589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The deaths caused by the covid-19 pandemic have recently decreased due to a worldwide effort in vaccination campaigns. However, even vaccinated people can develop a severe form of the disease that requires ICU admission. As a result, the search for antiviral drugs to treat these severe cases has become a necessity. In this context, natural products are an interesting alternative to synthetic medicines used in drug repositioning, as they have been consumed for a long time through traditional medicine. Many natural compounds found in plant extracts have already been shown to be effective in treating viral and bacterial diseases, making them possible hits to exploit against covid-19. The objective of this work was to evaluate the antiviral activity of different plant extracts available in the library of natural products of the Universidade Estadual de Maringá, by inhibiting the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro), and by preventing viral infection in a cellular model. As a result, the extract of Cytinus hypocistis, obtained by ultrasound, showed a Mpro inhibition capacity greater than 90%. In the infection model assays using Vero cells, an inhibition of 99.6% was observed, with a selectivity index of 42.7. The in silico molecular docking simulations using the extract compounds against Mpro, suggested Tellimagrandin II as the component of C. hypocistis extract most likely to inhibit the viral enzyme. These results demonstrate the potential of C. hypocistis extract as a promising source of natural compounds with antiviral activity against covid-19.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cecilia Gomes Barbosa
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Universidade Municipal de São Caetano do Sul (USCS), São Caetano, Brazil
- Bela Vista, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Rita Silva
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha, (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, CIETUS-IBSAL, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, España
| | | | | | | | - Lillian Barros
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha, (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
| | | | - Maria Aparecida Fernandez
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, P.R. Brazil
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9
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Shahagadkar P, Shah H, Palani A, Munirathinam G. Berry derived constituents in suppressing viral infection: Potential avenues for viral pandemic management. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2021; 46:14-20. [PMID: 34857187 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.09.728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Berries are acknowledged as a rich source of major dietary antioxidants and the fact that berry phenolics exhibit antioxidant property is widely accepted. Berries are abundant in Vitamin C and polyphenols such as anthocyanins, flavonoids, and phenolic acids. Polyphenols are found to have several therapeutic effects such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties. Increasing studies are focusing on natural products and their components for alternative therapeutics against viral infections. In particular, berries such as elderberry, blueberry, raspberry, and cranberry have proven to be effective against viral infections. Of note, the decoction of Honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica) has been shown to treat viral epidemic diseases. Owing to the rich source of various antiviral constituents, berries could be an alternative source for managing viral infections. In this review, we provide insights into how berry derived components inhibit viral infection and their clinical usefulness in viral disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preksha Shahagadkar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, IL, USA
| | - Hillary Shah
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, IL, USA
| | - Arvind Palani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, IL, USA
| | - Gnanasekar Munirathinam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, IL, USA.
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10
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Abe H, Imai H, Kanzaka Y, Sunatsuki Y. Synthesis of Nilotinin M3: An Ellagitannin Containing an Isodehydrodigalloyl Group. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1508-9541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AbstractTotal synthesis of nilotinin M3, which is a member of the ellagitannin family of natural products containing an isodehydrodigalloyl (isoDHDG) group, was achieved using the Ullmann reaction to construct a highly functionalized diaryl ether.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Abe
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Toyama
| | - Haruka Imai
- Graduate School of Innovative Life Science, University of Toyama
| | | | - Yukinari Sunatsuki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
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11
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Sakagami H, Nakatani S, Enomoto A, Ota S, Kaneko M, Sugimoto M, Horiuchi M, Toeda K, Oizumi T. Multi-Omics Analysis of Anti-Inflammatory Action of Alkaline Extract of the Leaves of Sasa sp. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10102100. [PMID: 34068182 PMCID: PMC8152990 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10102100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Efficient utilization of alkaline extracts of several plants for the treatment of oral diseases has been reported. To investigate the mechanism of anti-inflammatory activity of alkaline extract of the leaves of Sasa sp. (SE), multi-omics analysis using metabolomics and DNA array was performed. Human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) were treated for IL-1β to induce inflammation (detected by PGE2 production in culture medium) in the presence or absence of SE. Both IL-1β and SE showed slight hormetic growth stimulation against HGF. SE inhibited PGE2 production dose- and time-dependently. Its inhibitory action was more pronounced by first treating the cells with SE, rather than with IL-1β. At 3 h after IL-1β treatment, 18 amino acids (except cysteine and glutamic acid), total glutathione (GSH, GSSG, Cys-GSH disulfide), Met-sulfoxide, 5-oxoproline, and SAM declined, whereas DNA expressions of AKT, CASP3, and CXCL3 were elevated. These changes were reversed by simultaneous treatment with SE. The present study suggests that the anti-inflammatory action of SE is mediated via various metabolic pathways for cell survival, apoptosis, and leukocyte recruitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Sakagami
- Meikai University Research Institute of Odontology (M-RIO), Meikai University School of Dentistry, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama 350-0283, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-049-279-2758
| | - Sachie Nakatani
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama 350-0295, Japan;
| | - Ayame Enomoto
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka 997-0052, Japan; (A.E.); (S.O.); (M.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Sana Ota
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka 997-0052, Japan; (A.E.); (S.O.); (M.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Miku Kaneko
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka 997-0052, Japan; (A.E.); (S.O.); (M.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Masahiro Sugimoto
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka 997-0052, Japan; (A.E.); (S.O.); (M.K.); (M.S.)
- Research and Development Center for Minimally Invasive Therapies, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-0022, Japan
| | - Misaki Horiuchi
- Daiwa Biological Research Institute Co., Ltd., Sakado 3-2-1, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 213-0012, Japan; (M.H.); (K.T.); (T.O.)
| | - Kazuki Toeda
- Daiwa Biological Research Institute Co., Ltd., Sakado 3-2-1, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 213-0012, Japan; (M.H.); (K.T.); (T.O.)
| | - Takaaki Oizumi
- Daiwa Biological Research Institute Co., Ltd., Sakado 3-2-1, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 213-0012, Japan; (M.H.); (K.T.); (T.O.)
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12
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Imai H, Koyama R, Horino Y, Abe H. Preparation of Isodehydrodigallic Acid Using Ullmann Condensation. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2021; 69:298-301. [PMID: 33642480 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c20-00937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Isodehydrodigallic acid, which is an important component of several ellagitannin compounds, was easily synthesized using a classical Ullmann condensation reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruka Imai
- Graduate School of Innovative Life Science, University of Toyama
| | - Ryo Koyama
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Toyama
| | | | - Hitoshi Abe
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Toyama
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13
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Quantification of the Ability of Natural Products to Prevent Herpes Virus Infection. MEDICINES 2020; 7:medicines7100064. [PMID: 33036124 PMCID: PMC7601274 DOI: 10.3390/medicines7100064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background: Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is usually dormant and becomes apparent when body conditions decline. We investigated the anti-HSV activity of various natural and synthetic compounds for future clinical application. Methods: Mock- and HSV-infected Vero cells were treated for three days with various concentrations of samples. For short exposure, 100-fold concentrated virus were preincubated for 3 min with samples, diluted to normal multiplicity of infection (MOI), before the addition to the cells. Anti-HSV activity was evaluated by the chemotherapy index. Results: Alkaline extracts of the leaves of Sasa sp. (SE) and pine cone (PCE) showed higher anti-HSV activity than 20 Japanese traditional herb medicines (Kampo formulas), four popular polyphenols, and 119 chromone-related compounds. Exposure of HSV to SE or PCE for 3 min almost completely eliminated the infectivity of HSV, whereas much longer exposure time was required for Kakkonto, the most active Kampo formulae. Anti-HSV activity of PCE and Kakkonto could be detected only when they were dissolved by alkaline solution (pH 8.0), but not by neutral buffer (pH 7.4). Anti-HSV activity of SE and povidone iodine was stable if they were diluted with neutral buffer. Conclusions: The present study suggests the applicability of SE and PCE for treatment of oral HSV and possibly other viruses.
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14
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Konishi H, Hirokane T, Hashimoto H, Ikeuchi K, Matsumoto S, Wakamori S, Yamada H. Synthesis of diaryl ether components of ellagitannins using ortho-quinone with consonant mesomeric effects. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:3991-3994. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc00889c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Methods for synthesizing C–O digallate structures, the basic unit of diaryl ether components of natural ellagitannins, are described. In the designed building block, consonantly overlapped mesomeric effects enhanced its electrophilicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Konishi
- School of Science and Technology
- Kwansei Gakuin University
- Hyogo 669-1337
- Japan
| | - Tsukasa Hirokane
- School of Science and Technology
- Kwansei Gakuin University
- Hyogo 669-1337
- Japan
| | - Hajime Hashimoto
- School of Science and Technology
- Kwansei Gakuin University
- Hyogo 669-1337
- Japan
| | - Kazutada Ikeuchi
- School of Science and Technology
- Kwansei Gakuin University
- Hyogo 669-1337
- Japan
| | - Shintaro Matsumoto
- School of Science and Technology
- Kwansei Gakuin University
- Hyogo 669-1337
- Japan
| | - Shinnosuke Wakamori
- School of Science and Technology
- Kwansei Gakuin University
- Hyogo 669-1337
- Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Yamada
- School of Science and Technology
- Kwansei Gakuin University
- Hyogo 669-1337
- Japan
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15
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Ramalho RRF, Barbosa JMG, Ferri PH, Santos SDC. Variability of polyphenols and volatiles during fruit development of three pitanga (Eugenia uniflora L.) biotypes. Food Res Int 2019; 119:850-858. [PMID: 30884725 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.10.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Changes in volatile constituents and phenolic compounds were investigated during fruit development of three pitanga biotypes. Constituents were submitted to multivariate analysis and fruit samples were differentiated by selina-1,3,7(11)-trien-8-one (38.2 ± 2.9%) and its epoxide (26.4 ± 7.2%) for the red-orange biotype; by curzerene (15.04 ± 2.1%) and atractylone (8.47 ± 2.1%) for the red biotype; and by spathulenol (3.7 ± 0.8%) and germacrone (54.7 ± 3.1%) for the purple biotype. Hydrolysable tannins such as mono-O-galloyl-d-glucose, 1,2,6-tri-O-galloyl-β-d-glucose, tellimagrandin II, and eugeniflorin D2 were identified, as well as oenothein B as the major compound (32.43 ± 7.1 mg/g dry fruit). During pitanga's maturation, anthocyanin content increased, while flavonoid and tannin contents decreased. Higher contents of the majority of phenolic compounds occurred in the red-orange biotype. Biosynthesis of phenolic compounds was influenced by biotype and degree of maturation, whereas chemovariation in essential oil constituents was mainly due to biotypes, thus confirming essential oil chemotypes of E. uniflora.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pedro Henrique Ferri
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
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16
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Joshi SS, Howell AB, D'Souza DH. Antiviral effects of blueberry proanthocyanidins against Aichi virus. Food Microbiol 2019; 82:202-208. [PMID: 31027775 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Blueberry polyphenols are known for their high antioxidant and antimicrobial potential. Aichi virus (AiV) is an emerging human enteric virus that causes gastroenteritis outbreaks worldwide. This study aimed to (1) determine the time- and dose-dependent effects of blueberry proanthocyanidins (B-PAC) against AiV over 24 h at 37 °C; (2) gain insights on their mode of action using pre- and post-treatment of host cells and Transmission Electron Microscopy; and (3) determine their anti-AiV effects in model foods and under simulated gastric conditions. AiV at ∼5 log PFU/ml was incubated with equal volumes of commercial blueberry juice (BJ, pH 2.8), neutralized BJ (pH 7.0), B-PAC (2, 4, and 10 mg/ml) prepared either in 10% ethanol, apple juice (AJ), 2% milk, simulated gastric fluid (SGF, pH 1.5) or simulated intestinal fluid (SIF, pH 7.5), and controls (malic acid (pH 3.0), phosphate buffered saline (pH 7.2), apple juice (pH 3.6) and 2% milk) over 24 h at 37 °C, followed by standard plaque assays. Each experiment was replicated thrice and data were statistically analyzed. Differences in AiV titers with 1 mg/ml B-PAC were 2.13 ± 0.06 log PFU/ml lower after 24 h and ≥3 log PFU/ml (undetectable levels) lower with 2 and 5 mg/ml B-PAC compared to AiV titers in PBS after 24 h and 3 h, respectively. BJ at 37 °C resulted in titer differences (lower titers compared to PBS) of 0.17 ± 0.06, 1.27 ± 0.01, and 1.73 ± 0.23 log PFU/ml after 1, 3, and 6 h and ≥3 log PFU/ml after 24 h. Pre- and post-treatment of host cells with 0.5 mg/ml B-PAC caused titer decreases of 0.62 ± 0.33 and 0.30 ± 0.06 log PFU/ml, respectively suggesting a moderate effect on viral-host cell binding. B-PAC at 2 mg/ml in AJ caused titer differences of ≥3 log PFU/ml after 0.5 h, while differences of 0.84 ± 0.03 log PFU/ml with 5 mg/ml B-PAC in milk, and ≥3 log PFU/ml with B-PAC at 5 mg/ml in SIF after 30 min were obtained. This study shows the ability of BJ and B-PAC to decrease AiV titers to potentially prevent AiV-related illness and outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snehal S Joshi
- Department of Food Science, University of Tennessee-Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Amy B Howell
- Rutgers University, Marucci Center for Blueberry Cranberry Research, Chatsworth, NJ, 08019, USA
| | - Doris H D'Souza
- Department of Food Science, University of Tennessee-Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA.
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17
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Shimozu Y, Hirai T, Hatano T. Coriariin M, a trimeric hydrolysable tannin with dehydrodigalloyl and valoneoyl groups as linking units, and accompanying dimeric hydrolysable tannins from Coriaria japonica. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2018; 151:110-118. [PMID: 29679876 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Three oligomeric hydrolysable tannins, coriariins K, L, and M, which were previously undescribed, together with five known hydrolysable tannins were isolated from dried leaves of Coriaria japonica. Their structures were determined based on 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, HR-ESI-MS, and ECD spectroscopy experiments. Among the isolated compounds, coriariin M has a unique trimer structure where both dehydrodigalloyl and valoneoyl group linkages were found between the hydrolysable tannin monomers. Dimeric hydrolysable tannins coriariins K and L, having a dehydrodigalloyl group as the linking unit, were structurally related to coriariin A, the main hydrolysable tannin of this plant species. Additionally, the complexation of the eight hydrolysable tannins isolated in this study with bovine serum albumin (BSA) to form water-soluble macromolecules was analyzed using native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). A comparison of the behaviors of the oligomeric hydrolysable tannins suggested the participation of the hexahydroxydiphenoyl group and the importance of the molecular sizes of the hydrolysable tannins in the formation of macromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuuki Shimozu
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Takayasu Hirai
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Hatano
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
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18
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Ilic DV, Radicevic BA, Nedelcheva A, Djurovic I, Ostojic D. Traditional dentistry knowledge among Serbs in several Balkan countries. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE RESEARCH 2017; 6:223-233. [PMID: 28512604 PMCID: PMC5429083 DOI: 10.5455/jice.20170325055450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background/Aim: There are still unrevealed treasures of traditional dental medicine, that is, the reason to investigate and present various ways in treatment of oral and orofacial tissues, as well as magic and religious elements involved in representative areas among Serbs. Materials and Methods: Information was collected from the elderly non-professional folk dentists and herbalists with the additional help of local physicians and dentists that was done through questionnaire and personal interviews. Results: Classified and prepared material consists of total 1038 inquiry sheets. The 41 data were averagely obtained by inquiry form, i.e. 41,984 information for the whole research. The most voluminous was the group of 64 recipes, including 39 for gums diseases and 25 for toothache, while only seven ones were mentioned for magic way of treatment. Among them, 18 prescriptions were of nonherbal origin. The study revealed 84 herbal original prescriptions, including 67 plant species (29 families) including local name, synonyms, and preparation mode. Traditional healers used predominantly herbal recipes to treat painful tooth, gum disease, blisters - herpetic ulcers/lips and mouth/, stomatitis/painful mouth, ptyalismus/, maxillary sinusitis, bad breath, teeth cleaning and bleaching. Very few methods of treatment appeared as inadequate (magical practice), whereas majority were noted as beneficial ones (herbal medicine). Still many people in distant nonurban areas use various plant recipes, especially as the first aid in oral disease healing. Conclusions: The significance of plants obtained from unpolluted areas, whose active ingredients have not yet been used in dental pharmaceutics, should be further investigated in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragan V Ilic
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Belgrade University, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Anely Nedelcheva
- Department of Botany, Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski", Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - Dejan Ostojic
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Belgrade University, Belgrade, Serbia
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Papa V, Ginocchietti L, Budriesi R, Micucci M, Costa R, Biondi R, Cevenini R, Chiarini A, Aldini R, Donati M, Pollini GM, Cenacchi G. In vitro activity of a partially purified and characterized bark extract of Castanea sativa Mill. (ENC®) against Chlamydia spp. Ultrastruct Pathol 2017; 41:147-153. [PMID: 28277149 DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2016.1275909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Castanea sativa Mill (ENC®), containing tannins against 33 Chlamydia strains, was compared to SMAP-29 with inhibitory effect against C. trachomatis and C. pneumoniae. The ENC® activity against Chlamydia spp. was evaluated determining the lowest concentration to achieve more than half reduction of intact chlamydial inclusions versus controls. ENC® reduced all Chlamydia strains tested at 1 µg/mL, while SMAP-29 induced reductions of C. trachomatis and C. pneumoniae infectivity at 10 µg/mL. A great reduction of C. trachomatis, C. pneumoniae, and C. abortus infectivity was achieved with a 10 µg/mL ENC® concentration, whereas their infectivity was almost inhibited at 100 µg/mL ENC® concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Papa
- a Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences Department, Pathology , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - Laura Ginocchietti
- b Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine Department, Microbiology , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - Roberta Budriesi
- c Pharmacy and Biotechnology Department , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - Matteo Micucci
- c Pharmacy and Biotechnology Department , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - Roberta Costa
- a Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences Department, Pathology , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - Roberta Biondi
- b Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine Department, Microbiology , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - Roberto Cevenini
- b Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine Department, Microbiology , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - Alberto Chiarini
- b Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine Department, Microbiology , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - Rita Aldini
- c Pharmacy and Biotechnology Department , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - Manuela Donati
- b Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine Department, Microbiology , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - Gian Matteo Pollini
- b Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine Department, Microbiology , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - Giovanna Cenacchi
- a Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences Department, Pathology , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
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20
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Lavoie S, Côté I, Pichette A, Gauthier C, Ouellet M, Nagau-Lavoie F, Mshvildadze V, Legault J. Chemical composition and anti-herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) activity of extracts from Cornus canadensis. Altern Ther Health Med 2017; 17:123. [PMID: 28228101 PMCID: PMC5322616 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1618-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many plants of boreal forest of Quebec have been used by Native Americans to treat a variety of microbial infections. However, the antiviral activities of these plants have been seldom evaluated on cellular models to validate their in vitro efficiencies. In this study, Cornus canadensis L. (Cornaceae), a plant used in Native American traditional medicine to treat possible antiviral infections, has been selected for further examination. METHODS The plant was extracted by decoction and infusion with water, water/ethanol 1:1 and ethanol to obtain extracts similar to those used by Native Americans. The effects of the extracts were tested on herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) using a plaque reduction assay. Moreover, bioassay-guided fractionation was achieved to isolate bioactive compounds. RESULTS Water/ethanol 1:1 infusion of C. canadensis leaves were the most active extracts to inhibit virus absorption with EC50 of about 9 μg mL-1, whereas for direct mode, both extraction methods using water or water/ethanol 1:1 as solvent were relatively similar with EC50 ranging from 11 to 17 μg mL-1. The fractionation led to the identification of active fractions containing hydrolysable tannins. Tellimagrandin I was found the most active compound with an EC50 of 2.6 μM for the direct mode and 5.0 μM for the absorption mode. CONCLUSION Altogether, the results presented in this work support the antiviral activity of Cornus canadensis used in Native American traditional medicine.
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21
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Joshi SS, Howell AB, D'Souza DH. Reduction of Enteric Viruses by Blueberry Juice and Blueberry Proanthocyanidins. FOOD AND ENVIRONMENTAL VIROLOGY 2016; 8:235-243. [PMID: 27299641 DOI: 10.1007/s12560-016-9247-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Blueberry and blueberry extracts are known for their health benefits and antimicrobial properties. Natural therapeutic or preventive options to decrease the incidences of foodborne viral illnesses are becoming popular and being researched. This study aimed to determine the antiviral effects of blueberry juice (BJ) and blueberry proanthocyanidins (BB-PAC, B-type PAC structurally different from A-type PAC found in cranberries) against the infectivity of hepatitis A virus (HAV) and human norovirus surrogates (feline calicivirus (FCV-F9) and murine norovirus (MNV-1)) at 37 °C over 24 h using standard plaque assays. Viruses at ~5 log PFU/ml were mixed with equal volumes of BJ (pH 2.8), neutralized BJ (pH 7.0), BB-PAC (1, 2, 4, and 10 mg/ml), malic acid (pH 3.0), or phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.2) and incubated over 24 h at 37 °C. Each experiment was carried out in duplicate and replicated thrice. FCV-F9 titers were found to be reduced to undetectable levels with 1 and 2 mg/ml BB-PAC after 5 min, with 0.5 mg/ml BB-PAC after 1-h, and with BJ after 3-h. MNV-1 titers were reduced to undetectable levels after 3 h with 1, 2, and 5 mg/ml BB-PAC and after 6 h with BJ. HAV titers were reduced to undetectable levels after 30 min with 2 and 5 mg/ml BB-PAC, after 3 h with 1 mg/ml BB-PAC, and by ~2 log PFU/ml with BJ after 24-h. BB-PAC shows preventive potential against infection by the tested enteric viruses in a dose- and time-dependent manner, although further in vitro studies in model food systems and in vivo studies using animal models are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snehal S Joshi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Amy B Howell
- Marucci Center for Blueberry and Cranberry Research, Rutgers, State University of New Jersey, Chatsworth, NJ, USA
| | - Doris H D'Souza
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.
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22
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Schepetkin IA, Ramstead AG, Kirpotina LN, Voyich JM, Jutila MA, Quinn MT. Therapeutic Potential of Polyphenols from Epilobium Angustifolium (Fireweed). Phytother Res 2016; 30:1287-97. [PMID: 27215200 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Epilobium angustifolium is a medicinal plant used around the world in traditional medicine for the treatment of many disorders and ailments. Experimental studies have demonstrated that Epilobium extracts possess a broad range of pharmacological and therapeutic effects, including antioxidant, anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and anti-aging properties. Flavonoids and ellagitannins, such as oenothein B, are among the compounds considered to be the primary biologically active components in Epilobium extracts. In this review, we focus on the biological properties and the potential clinical usefulness of oenothein B, flavonoids, and other polyphenols derived from E. angustifolium. Understanding the biochemical properties and therapeutic effects of polyphenols present in E. angustifolium extracts will benefit further development of therapeutic treatments from this plant. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor A Schepetkin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Andrew G Ramstead
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Liliya N Kirpotina
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Jovanka M Voyich
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Mark A Jutila
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Mark T Quinn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
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Abstract
Tannins are considered as valuable plant secondary metabolites providing many benefits for human health. In this review information was gathered about bioactivity in vitro and in vivo, as well as about conducted clinical trials. The literature research was based on ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Cochrane databases and presents a wide range of tested activities of tannins. The described clinical trials verify laboratory tests and show the effective health benefits taken from supplementation with tannins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elwira Sieniawska
- Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plant Unit, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin 20-093, Poland
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24
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Akhtar S, Ismail T, Fraternale D, Sestili P. Pomegranate peel and peel extracts: chemistry and food features. Food Chem 2014; 174:417-25. [PMID: 25529700 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 277] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2013] [Revised: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The present review focuses on the nutritional, functional and anti-infective properties of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) peel (PoP) and peel extract (PoPx) and on their applications as food additives, functional food ingredients or biologically active components in nutraceutical preparations. Due to their well-known ethnomedical relevance and chemical features, the biomolecules available in PoP and PoPx have been proposed, for instance, as substitutes of synthetic food additives, as nutraceuticals and chemopreventive agents. However, because of their astringency and anti-nutritional properties, PoP and PoPx are not yet considered as ingredients of choice in food systems. Indeed, considering the prospects related to both their health promoting activity and chemical features, the nutritional and nutraceutical potential of PoP and PoPx seems to be still underestimated. The present review meticulously covers the wide range of actual and possible applications (food preservatives, stabilizers, supplements, prebiotics and quality enhancers) of PoP and PoPx components in various food products. Given the overall properties of PoP and PoPx, further investigations in toxicological and sensory aspects of PoP and PoPx should be encouraged to fully exploit the health promoting and technical/economic potential of these waste materials as food supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Akhtar
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.
| | - Tariq Ismail
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Daniele Fraternale
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Via Saffi, 2, 61029 Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Piero Sestili
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Via Saffi, 2, 61029 Urbino, PU, Italy
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Kawakami K, Li P, Uraji M, Hatanaka T, Ito H. Inhibitory Effects of Pomegranate Extracts on Recombinant Human Maltase-Glucoamylase. J Food Sci 2014; 79:H1848-53. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.12568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kayoko Kawakami
- Okayama Prefectural Technology Center for Agriculture; Forestry and Fisheries; Research Inst. for Biological Sciences (RIBS); Okayama 7549-1 Kibichuo-cho Kaga-gun Okayama 716-1241 Japan
| | - Peng Li
- Graduate School of Medicine; Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences; Okayama Univ; 1-1-1 Tsushima-naka Kita-ku Okayama 700-8530 Japan
| | - Misugi Uraji
- Okayama Prefectural Technology Center for Agriculture; Forestry and Fisheries; Research Inst. for Biological Sciences (RIBS); Okayama 7549-1 Kibichuo-cho Kaga-gun Okayama 716-1241 Japan
| | - Tadashi Hatanaka
- Okayama Prefectural Technology Center for Agriculture; Forestry and Fisheries; Research Inst. for Biological Sciences (RIBS); Okayama 7549-1 Kibichuo-cho Kaga-gun Okayama 716-1241 Japan
| | - Hideyuki Ito
- Graduate School of Medicine; Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences; Okayama Univ; 1-1-1 Tsushima-naka Kita-ku Okayama 700-8530 Japan
- Faculty of Health and Welfare Sciences; Okayama Prefectural Univ; 111 Kuboki Soja Okayama 719-1197 Japan
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Orlowski P, Tomaszewska E, Gniadek M, Baska P, Nowakowska J, Sokolowska J, Nowak Z, Donten M, Celichowski G, Grobelny J, Krzyzowska M. Tannic acid modified silver nanoparticles show antiviral activity in herpes simplex virus type 2 infection. PLoS One 2014; 9:e104113. [PMID: 25117537 PMCID: PMC4130517 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction between silver nanoparticles and herpesviruses is attracting great interest due to their antiviral activity and possibility to use as microbicides for oral and anogenital herpes. In this work, we demonstrate that tannic acid modified silver nanoparticles sized 13 nm, 33 nm and 46 nm are capable of reducing HSV-2 infectivity both in vitro and in vivo. The antiviral activity of tannic acid modified silver nanoparticles was size-related, required direct interaction and blocked virus attachment, penetration and further spread. All tested tannic acid modified silver nanoparticles reduced both infection and inflammatory reaction in the mouse model of HSV-2 infection when used at infection or for a post-infection treatment. Smaller-sized nanoparticles induced production of cytokines and chemokines important for anti-viral response. The corresponding control buffers with tannic acid showed inferior antiviral effects in vitro and were ineffective in blocking in vivo infection. Our results show that tannic acid modified silver nanoparticles are good candidates for microbicides used in treatment of herpesvirus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Orlowski
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Emilia Tomaszewska
- Department of Materials Technology and Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Piotr Baska
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Julita Nowakowska
- Laboratory of Electron and Confocal Microscopy, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Justyna Sokolowska
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Nowak
- Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Faculty of Animal Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mikolaj Donten
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Celichowski
- Department of Materials Technology and Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Jaroslaw Grobelny
- Department of Materials Technology and Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Krzyzowska
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Warsaw, Poland
- * E-mail:
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Silva CA, Silva CR, Véras JH, Chen-Chen L, Ferri PH, Santos SDC. Genotoxicity and cytotoxicity evaluation of oenothein B and its protective effect against mitomycin C-induced mutagenic action. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2014; 767:8-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2014.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2014] [Revised: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Cantatore A, Randall SD, Traum D, Adams SD. Effect of black tea extract on herpes simplex virus-1 infection of cultured cells. Altern Ther Health Med 2013; 13:139. [PMID: 23777309 PMCID: PMC3698045 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background The purpose of this investigation was to determine if black tea extract (BTE), consisting primarily of flavanol compounds called theaflavins, could inhibit herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) infection in cultured A549 (human epithelial) and Vero cells. Methods The effect of BTE both on A549 and Vero cultured cells and on HSV-1 was assessed by using phase contrast and fluorescent microscopy, and cell viability and proliferation assays. After establishing the maximum non-cytotoxic concentration of BTE, A549 and Vero cells and HSV-1 virions were treated with varying concentrations of BTE, respectively. A549 and Vero cells were infected with HSV-1 with green fluorescent protein (GFP) insert at the UL46 gene. The effect of infectivity was determined by viral DNA extraction followed by PCR, plaque assays, adsorption assays, and electrophoresis of PCR products. Results BTE was not cytotoxic to A549 and Vero cells, as confirmed by cell viability and proliferation assays, in which BTE treated groups paralleled the positive control group. For both cell lines, plaque assays and fluorescent microscopy indicated an inverse relationship between BTE concentration (from 0.14 μM – 1.4 mM) and HSV-1 infectivity. Specifically, PCR and electrophoresis showed a reduction in the viral genome following treatment with BTE. In addition, there was a noticeable decrease in the amount of viral plaques for BTE treated samples in the adsorption assays. Conclusions BTE consisting primarily of theaflavins is not cytotoxic and can reduce or block the production of infectious HSV-1 virions in cultured A549 and Vero cells, thus inhibiting the infectivity of the virus by interfering in the attachment, penetration and viral DNA replication of HSV-1 particles. These findings indicate that BTE enriched with theaflavins has the potential to be developed as a safe, therapeutic antiviral agent to prevent the spread of HSV-1.
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Orabi MAA, Taniguchi S, Sakagami H, Yoshimura M, Yoshida T, Hatano T. Hydrolyzable tannins of tamaricaceous plants. V. Structures of monomeric-trimeric tannins and cytotoxicity of macrocyclic-type tannins isolated from Tamarix nilotica (1). JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2013; 76:947-956. [PMID: 23675651 DOI: 10.1021/np4001625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Three new ellagitannin monomers, nilotinins M5-M7 (1-3), a dimer, nilotinin D10 (4), and a trimer, nilotinin T1 (5), together with three known dimers, hirtellin D (7) and tamarixinins B (8) and C (9), and a trimer, hirtellin T2 (6), were isolated from Tamarix nilotica dried leaves. The structures of the tannins were elucidated by intensive spectroscopic methods and chemical conversions into known tannins. The new trimer (5) is a unique macrocyclic type whose monomeric units are linked together by an isodehydrodigalloyl and two dehydrodigalloyl moieties. Additionally, dimeric and trimeric macrocyclic-type tannins isolated from T. nilotica in this study were assessed for possible cytotoxic activity against four human tumor cell lines. Tumor-selective cytotoxicities of the tested compounds were higher than those of synthetic and natural potent cytotoxic compounds, including polyphenols, and comparable with those of 5-fluorouracil and melphalan.
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Zang X, Shang M, Xu F, Liang J, Wang X, Mikage M, Cai S. A-type proanthocyanidins from the stems of Ephedra sinica (Ephedraceae) and their antimicrobial activities. Molecules 2013; 18:5172-89. [PMID: 23648595 PMCID: PMC6269821 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18055172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Revised: 05/01/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytochemical investigation of the n-BuOH-soluble fraction of the EtOH extract of the herbaceous stems of Ephedra sinica, which is known as Ephedrae Herba in Traditional Chinese Medicine, led to the isolation and identification of 12 A-type proanthocyanidins, containing five dimers, two trimers and five tetramers [i.e., (+)-epigallocatechin-(2α→O→7,4α→8)-(-)-catechin, named ephedrannin D1, a dimer; epigallocatechin-(2α→O→7,4α→8)-epigallocatechin-(4α→8)-catechin (ephedrannin Tr1), a trimer; and epigallocatechin-(2α→O→7,4α→8)-epigallocatechin-(4α→8)-epigallocatechin-(2α→O→7,4α→8)-gallocatechin, named ephedrannin Te1, a tetramer). Tetramers composed of gallocatechin are reported for the first time in Ephedraceae. Catechin, epicatechin, gallocatechin, epigallocatechin and four known dimers were also isolated. The structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis. The absolute configurations of the 4α linkages, which were confirmed by NOESY and CD experiments, are the outstanding characteristic of most of these isolated A-type proanthocyanidins. The antimicrobial activities of these compounds were tested by measuring the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) against bacteria (both Gram positive and Gram negative) and fungi, and were found to be in the range of 0.00515–1.38 mM. Compounds 6, 8, 10 and 11 exhibited moderate antimicrobial activities against Canidia albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Mingying Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: (M.S.); (S.C.); Tel./Fax: +86-010-8280-2534 (M.S.); Tel./Fax: +86-010-8280-1693 (S.C.)
| | - Feng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Masayuki Mikage
- Graduate School of Natural Science & Technology, Kanazawa University; Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 441-1212, Japan
| | - Shaoqing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: (M.S.); (S.C.); Tel./Fax: +86-010-8280-2534 (M.S.); Tel./Fax: +86-010-8280-1693 (S.C.)
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Ueda K, Kawabata R, Irie T, Nakai Y, Tohya Y, Sakaguchi T. Inactivation of pathogenic viruses by plant-derived tannins: strong effects of extracts from persimmon (Diospyros kaki) on a broad range of viruses. PLoS One 2013; 8:e55343. [PMID: 23372851 PMCID: PMC3555825 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2012] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tannins, plant-derived polyphenols and other related compounds, have been utilized for a long time in many fields such as the food industry and manufacturing. In this study, we investigated the anti-viral effects of tannins on 12 different viruses including both enveloped viruses (influenza virus H3N2, H5N3, herpes simplex virus-1, vesicular stomatitis virus, Sendai virus and Newcastle disease virus) and non-enveloped viruses (poliovirus, coxsachievirus, adenovirus, rotavirus, feline calicivirus and mouse norovirus). We found that extracts from persimmon (Diospyros kaki), which contains ca. 22% of persimmon tannin, reduced viral infectivity in more than 4-log scale against all of the viruses tested, showing strong anti-viral effects against a broad range of viruses. Other tannins derived from green tea, acacia and gallnuts were effective for some of the viruses, while the coffee extracts were not effective for any of the virus. We then investigated the mechanism of the anti-viral effects of persimmon extracts by using mainly influenza virus. Persimmon extracts were effective within 30 seconds at a concentration of 0.25% and inhibited attachment of the virus to cells. Pretreatment of cells with the persimmon extracts before virus infection or post-treatment after virus infection did not inhibit virus replication. Protein aggregation seems to be a fundamental mechanism underlying the anti-viral effect of persimmon tannin, since viral proteins formed aggregates when purified virions were treated with the persimmon extracts and since the anti-viral effect was competitively inhibited by a non-specific protein, bovine serum albumin. Considering that persimmon tannin is a food supplement, it has a potential to be utilized as a safe and highly effective anti-viral reagent against pathogenic viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Ueda
- Department of Virology, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Ryoko Kawabata
- Department of Virology, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takashi Irie
- Department of Virology, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | | | - Yukinobu Tohya
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Biosource Sciences, Nihon University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takemasa Sakaguchi
- Department of Virology, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Ramstead AG, Schepetkin IA, Quinn MT, Jutila MA. Oenothein B, a cyclic dimeric ellagitannin isolated from Epilobium angustifolium, enhances IFNγ production by lymphocytes. PLoS One 2012; 7:e50546. [PMID: 23226309 PMCID: PMC3511557 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0050546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2012] [Accepted: 10/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Oenothein B is a polyphenol isolated from Epilobium angustifolium and other plant sources, which has been reported to exhibit immunomodulatory properties. Oenothein B is known to activate myeloid cells and induce the production of IL-1 and other cytokines. However, its effects on lymphocytes are unknown. In this report, we show that oenothein B stimulated innate lymphocytes, including bovine and human γδ T cells and NK cells, resulting in either increased CD25 and/or CD69 expression. We also demonstrate that oenothein B enhanced the production of interferon-γ (IFNγ) by bovine and human NK cells alone and in combination with interleukin-18 (IL-18), a response not observed with other commonly studied polyphenols. Furthermore, we demonstrate that oenothein B enhanced the production of IFNγ by human T cells. Since IFNγ contributes to antitumor, antibacterial, and antiviral cell responses, these data suggest an additional mechanism that could account, at least in part, for the immune enhancing properties of oenothein B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew G. Ramstead
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, United States of America
| | - Igor A. Schepetkin
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, United States of America
| | - Mark T. Quinn
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, United States of America
| | - Mark A. Jutila
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Granica S, Bazylko A, Kiss AK. Determination of macrocyclic ellagitannin oenothein B in plant materials by HPLC-DAD-MS: method development and validation. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2012; 23:582-587. [PMID: 22396107 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2011] [Revised: 01/23/2012] [Accepted: 01/25/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oenothein B (OeB) is a dimeric macrocyclic ellagitannin occurring mainly in the genus Oenothera. In the literature no validated HPLC method for quantification of this compound has been reported. OBJECTIVE To develop and validate an efficient HPLC method for quantification of OeB in plant materials. METHODOLOGY Extraction conditions of OeB from plant material were optimised. Then the first validated HPLC method for quantification was developed. RESULTS We have shown that ultrasonic-assisted extraction at 40 °C in 15 min using water are the most optimal conditions for OeB extraction. We have quantified OeB in several plant materials belonging to Oenotheraceae family. The lowest amount of OeB was present in Circaea lutetiana herb (27.64 ± 0.26 mg/g) and the highest was quantified in Epilobium hirsutum aerial parts (72.91 ± 1.38 mg/g). CONCLUSION The first HPLC method for quantification of OeB in plant materials was developed and validated. We also for the first time optimised the extraction conditions for OeB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Granica
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland.
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Park CH, Tanaka T, Cho EJ, Park JC, Shibahara N, Yokozawa T. Glycerol-induced renal damage improved by 7-O-galloyl-D-sedoheptulose treatment through attenuating oxidative stress. Biol Pharm Bull 2012; 35:34-41. [PMID: 22223334 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.35.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The protective effect of 7-O-galloyl-D-sedoheptulose (GS), isolated from Corni Fructus as an active component, against acute renal failure (ARF) induced by glycerol was investigated. The administration of GS led to a decline in the levels of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine; on the other hand, it did not have a significant effect on creatinine clearance. Furthermore, GS also significantly decreased the urine volume and fractional excretion of sodium, but it increased the urine osmolarity, suggesting the protective role of GS against renal dysfunction. Oxidative stress under ARF was attenuated by GS through the inhibition of lipid peroxidation, scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and elevation of the antioxidative status. Renal oxidative stress is related to the overproduction of ROS by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAD(P)H) oxidase; therefore, in the present study, the protein expression of p22(phox) and NAD(P)H oxidase-4 (Nox-4) was investigated. GS down-regulated the protein expression of p22(phox); on the other hand, it did not significantly affect the expression of Nox-4. This indicates that GS inhibits the production of superoxide by regulating a component of NAD(P)H oxidase, p22(phox). Furthermore, GS down-regulated the expressions of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κΒ) and inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS), suggesting that GS protects against NO-induced inflammatory pathological conditions under ARF through the regulation of NF-κB and iNOS expressions. The present study indicates that GS exerts a protective effect against ARF through the recovery of renal dysfunction and attenuation of renal oxidative stress by regulating related protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Hum Park
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Sugitani, Toyama 930–0194, Japan
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Nugraha AS, Keller PA. Revealing Indigenous Indonesian Traditional Medicine: Anti-infective Agents. Nat Prod Commun 2011. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1100601240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Indonesia is rich in medicinal plants which the population has used traditionally from generation to generation for curing diseases. Our interest in the treatment of infectious diseases has lead to the investigation of traditional Indonesian treatments. In this review, we present a comprehensive review of ethnopharmacologically directed screening in Indonesian medicinal plants to search for new antiviral, antimalarial, antibacterial and antifungal agents. Some potent drug leads have been isolated from Indonesian medicinal plants. Further research is still required for the lead development as well as the search for new bioactive compounds from the enormous medicinal plant resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ari S. Nugraha
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia 2522
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jember, Jember, Indonesia 68121
| | - Paul A. Keller
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia 2522
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Killday KB, Davey MH, Glinski JA, Duan P, Veluri R, Proni G, Daugherty FJ, Tempesta MS. Bioactive A-type proanthocyanidins from Cinnamomum cassia. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2011; 74:1833-1841. [PMID: 21875098 DOI: 10.1021/np1007944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Two trimeric proanthocyanidins, cinnamtannin B-1 (1) and cinnamtannin D-1 (2), have been isolated from the bark of Cinnamomum cassia along with the known tetramer parameritannin A-1 (3) and a previously unreported tetramer, named cassiatannin A (4). The structures of 1-4 were elucidated on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR, MS, and CD analyses and compared to the reported data. Proanthocyanidins (1-4) possess significant in vitro inhibitory activity against cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) at micromolar concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Brian Killday
- Bruker Biospin Corporation, Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
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Bekhit AEDA, Cheng VJ, McConnell M, Zhao JH, Sedcole R, Harrison R. Antioxidant activities, sensory and anti-influenza activity of grape skin tea infusion. Food Chem 2011; 129:837-45. [PMID: 25212307 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2011] [Revised: 03/16/2011] [Accepted: 05/05/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Grape skin extracts from pinot noir and pinot gris exhibited significant in vitro antiviral (influenza virus) activity. Five tea infusions from grape skins (Vitis vinifera var. pinot noir and pinot gris) without any additives (control pinot noir and control pinot gris) or by adding variable amounts of green tea and hibiscus were investigated as a means to utilise wine wastes. The antioxidant activities (DPPH scavenging capacity and superoxide anion radical scavenging capacity), total phenolics, the polyphenolics profile and objective colour measurements (CIELab) were determined on freeze-dried water extracts of all five tea infusions, hibiscus and green tea. The colour parameters, L(∗) and a(∗) values, varied widely (P<0.05) for all the infusions as a result of having different levels and variety of pigments. The tea infusions exhibited weak antioxidant activity and the antiviral activity in grape skin appears not related to phenolics contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa El-Din A Bekhit
- Department of Food Science, Division of Sciences, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand.
| | - Vern Jou Cheng
- Department of Food Science, Division of Sciences, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Michelle McConnell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Health Sciences, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Jenny H Zhao
- Agriculture and Life Sciences Division, Lincoln University, P.O. Box 84, Canterbury, New Zealand
| | - Richard Sedcole
- Agriculture and Life Sciences Division, Lincoln University, P.O. Box 84, Canterbury, New Zealand
| | - Roland Harrison
- Agriculture and Life Sciences Division, Lincoln University, P.O. Box 84, Canterbury, New Zealand
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Hydrolyzable tannins (chebulagic acid and punicalagin) target viral glycoprotein-glycosaminoglycan interactions to inhibit herpes simplex virus 1 entry and cell-to-cell spread. J Virol 2011; 85:4386-98. [PMID: 21307190 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01492-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) is a common human pathogen that causes lifelong latent infection of sensory neurons. Non-nucleoside inhibitors that can limit HSV-1 recurrence are particularly useful in treating immunocompromised individuals or cases of emerging acyclovir-resistant strains of herpesvirus. We report that chebulagic acid (CHLA) and punicalagin (PUG), two hydrolyzable tannins isolated from the dried fruits of Terminalia chebula Retz. (Combretaceae), inhibit HSV-1 entry at noncytotoxic doses in A549 human lung cells. Experiments revealed that both tannins targeted and inactivated HSV-1 viral particles and could prevent binding, penetration, and cell-to-cell spread, as well as secondary infection. The antiviral effect from either of the tannins was not associated with induction of type I interferon-mediated responses, nor was pretreatment of the host cell protective against HSV-1. Their inhibitory activities targeted HSV-1 glycoproteins since both natural compounds were able to block polykaryocyte formation mediated by expression of recombinant viral glycoproteins involved in attachment and membrane fusion. Our results indicated that CHLA and PUG blocked interactions between cell surface glycosaminoglycans and HSV-1 glycoproteins. Furthermore, the antiviral activities from the two tannins were significantly diminished in mutant cell lines unable to produce heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate and could be rescued upon reconstitution of heparan sulfate biosynthesis. We suggest that the hydrolyzable tannins CHLA and PUG may be useful as competitors for glycosaminoglycans in the management of HSV-1 infections and that they may help reduce the risk for development of viral drug resistance during therapy with nucleoside analogues.
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Bringmann G, Gulder T, Gulder TAM, Breuning M. Atroposelective Total Synthesis of Axially Chiral Biaryl Natural Products. Chem Rev 2010; 111:563-639. [DOI: 10.1021/cr100155e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 909] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Bringmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tanja Gulder
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tobias A. M. Gulder
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Breuning
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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Xiang YF, Ju HQ, Li S, Zhang YJ, Yang CR, Wang YF. Effects of 1,2,4,6-tetra-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose from P. emblica on HBsAg and HBeAg secretion in HepG2.2.15 cell culture. Virol Sin 2010; 25:375-80. [PMID: 20960184 PMCID: PMC7090425 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-010-3144-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2010] [Accepted: 06/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A polyphenolic compound, 1,2,4,6-tetra-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (1246TGG), was isolated from the traditional Chinese medicine Phyllanthus emblica L. (Euphorbiaceae) and assayed for its potential as an anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) agent. The cytotoxicity of 1246TGG on HepG2.2.15 as well as HepG2 cells was determined by observing cytopathic effects, and the effects of 1246TGG on secretion of HBsAg and HBeAg in HepG2.2.15 cells were assayed by enzyme immunoassay. Results indicates that treatment with 1246TGG (6.25 μg/mL, 3.13 μg/mL), reduced both HBsAg and HBeAg levels in culture supernatant, yet the inhibitory effects tend to decline with the assay time. This study provides a basis for further investigation of the anti-HBV activity and possible mechanism of action of 1246TGG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Fei Xiang
- Biomedicine Research & Development Center, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
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Saha RK, Takahashi T, Kurebayashi Y, Fukushima K, Minami A, Kinbara N, Ichitani M, Sagesaka YM, Suzuki T. Antiviral effect of strictinin on influenza virus replication. Antiviral Res 2010; 88:10-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2010.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2010] [Revised: 06/22/2010] [Accepted: 06/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Sakagami H, Kushida T, Oizumi T, Nakashima H, Makino T. Distribution of lignin–carbohydrate complex in plant kingdom and its functionality as alternative medicine. Pharmacol Ther 2010; 128:91-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2010.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2010] [Accepted: 05/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Yokozawa T, Park CH, Noh JS, Tanaka T, Cho EJ. Novel action of 7-O-galloyl-d-sedoheptulose isolated from Corni Fructus as a hypertriglyceridaemic agent. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010. [DOI: 10.1211/jpp.61.05.0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
We investigated the lipid-lowering activity of 7-O-galloyl-d-sedoheptulose, an active component of Corni Fructus, and related mechanisms.
Methods
Rats were fed a high-fructose diet for 6 days, followed by treatment with 7-O-galloyl-d-sedoheptulose, 5, 10 or 20 mg/kg per day, or fenofibrate (positive control).
Key findings
The high-fructose diet induced an increase in body weight, hypertriglyceridaemia, hyperglycaemia and hypertension. Administration of 7-O-galloyl-d-sedoheptulose significantly reduced the levels of triglyceride in the serum and liver (being more effective than fenofibrate) but did not lead to changes in liver weight or hepatic function, whereas fenofibrate increased the liver weight markedly. The preventive effect of 7-O-galloyl-d-sedoheptulose against the accumulation of triglyceride and cholesterol was related to the up-regulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α expression.
Conclusions
The present study supports the role of 7-O-galloyl-d-sedoheptulose as a promising agent against hypertriglyceridaemia without hepatic side-effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takako Yokozawa
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Sugitani, Toyama, Japan
| | - Chan Hum Park
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Sugitani, Toyama, Japan
| | - Jeong Sook Noh
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Sugitani, Toyama, Japan
| | - Takashi Tanaka
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Eun Ju Cho
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
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Serrano J, Puupponen-Pimiä R, Dauer A, Aura AM, Saura-Calixto F. Tannins: current knowledge of food sources, intake, bioavailability and biological effects. Mol Nutr Food Res 2009; 53 Suppl 2:S310-29. [PMID: 19437486 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.200900039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 445] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Tannins are a unique group of phenolic metabolites with molecular weights between 500 and 30 000 Da, which are widely distributed in almost all plant foods and beverages. Proanthocyanidins and hydrolysable tannins are the two major groups of these bioactive compounds, but complex tannins containing structural elements of both groups and specific tannins in marine brown algae have also been described. Most literature data on food tannins refer only to oligomeric compounds that are extracted with aqueous-organic solvents, but a significant number of non-extractable tannins are usually not mentioned in the literature. The biological effects of tannins usually depend on their grade of polymerisation and solubility. Highly polymerised tannins exhibit low bioaccessibility in the small intestine and low fermentability by colonic microflora. This review summarises a new approach to analysis of extractable and non-extractable tannins, major food sources, and effects of storage and processing on tannin content and bioavailability. Biological properties such as antioxidant, antimicrobial and antiviral effects are also described. In addition, the role of tannins in diabetes mellitus has been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Serrano
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Depto. Nutrición y Bromatología I, Madrid, Spain
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Freitas AM, Almeida MTR, Andrighetti-Fröhner CR, Cardozo FTGS, Barardi CRM, Farias MR, Simões CMO. Antiviral activity-guided fractionation from Araucaria angustifolia leaves extract. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2009; 126:512-517. [PMID: 19761825 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2009] [Revised: 08/21/2009] [Accepted: 09/03/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Kuntze (Araucariaceae) is a Brazilian medicinal plant traditionally used for the treatment of various illnesses including dried skin, wounds, shingles, and sexually transmitted diseases. AIM OF THE STUDY The rationale of the study was to provide evidence of its antiherpes activity in order to confirm its popular use that could be related to herpes disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS The crude hydroethanolic extract (HE) obtained from Araucaria angustifolia leaves was submitted to a sequential liquid-liquid extraction with solvents of increased polarity. The HE and fractions obtained were evaluated for cytotoxicity and antiherpes activity (Herpes Simplex Virus type 1) by MTT assay. The most active fractions were selected to perform an in vitro antiviral activity-guided chromatographic fractionation. RESULTS The ethyl acetate (EA) and n-butanol (NB) fractions have shown the best results for antiherpetic activity and their further fractionation yielded 22 subfractions. From these subfractions, 14 were active, and the most potent antiherpetic activity was obtained for NB1-4 subfraction with selectivity index (SI) of 57.51. Chemical analysis of NB1-4 subfractions revealed the presence of proanthocyanidins and the known biflavonoids (bilobetin, II-7-O-methyl-robustaflavone and cupressuflavone). The same biflavonoids have been detected in EA subfractions. CONCLUSION The present study has shown that the hydroethanolic extract from Araucaria angustifolia leaves as well as many different fractions and subfractions exhibited antiherpes activity, supporting the use of this plant species in folk medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Freitas
- Departamento de Química, Centro Politécnico, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19.081, CEP 81.531-990, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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Lupini C, Cecchinato M, Scagliarini A, Graziani R, Catelli E. In vitro antiviral activity of chestnut and quebracho woods extracts against avian reovirus and metapneumovirus. Res Vet Sci 2009; 87:482-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2009.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2008] [Revised: 02/11/2009] [Accepted: 04/15/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Schepetkin IA, Kirpotina LN, Jakiw L, Khlebnikov AI, Blaskovich CL, Jutila MA, Quinn MT. Immunomodulatory activity of oenothein B isolated from Epilobium angustifolium. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2009; 183:6754-66. [PMID: 19846877 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0901827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Epilobium angustifolium has been traditionally used to treat of a number of diseases; however, not much is known regarding its effect on innate immune cells. In this study, we report that extracts of E. angustifolium activated functional responses in neutrophils and monocyte/macrophages. Activity-guided fractionation, followed by mass spectroscopy and NMR analysis, resulted in the identification of oenothein B as the primary component responsible for phagocyte activation. Oenothein B, a dimeric hydrolysable tannin, dose-dependently induced a number of phagocyte functions in vitro, including intracellular Ca(2+) flux, production of reactive oxygen species, chemotaxis, NF-kappaB activation, and proinflammatory cytokine production. Furthermore, oenothein B was active in vivo, inducing keratinocyte chemoattractant production and neutrophil recruitment to the peritoneum after intraperitoneal administration. Biological activity required the full oenothein B structure, as substructures of oenothein B (pyrocatechol, gallic acid, pyrogallol, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid) were all inactive. The ability of oenothein B to modulate phagocyte functions in vitro and in vivo suggests that this compound is responsible for at least part of the therapeutic properties of E. angustifolium extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor A Schepetkin
- Departments of Veterinary Molecular Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Yarnell
- President of the Botanical Medicine Academy, a specialty board for using medicinal herbs, and is a faculty member at Bastyr University in Kenmore, Washington
| | - Kathy Abascal
- Executive director of the Botanical Medicine Academy in Vashon, Washington
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Tomczyk M, Latté KP. Potentilla--a review of its phytochemical and pharmacological profile. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2009; 122:184-204. [PMID: 19162156 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2008.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2008] [Revised: 12/16/2008] [Accepted: 12/18/2008] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The genus Potentilla is a member of the family Rosaceae, subfamily Rosoideae, which is mainly distributed in temperate, arctic and Alpine zones of the Northern hemisphere. This genus has been known since ancient times for its curative properties. Extracts of the aerial and/or underground parts have been applied in traditional medicine for the treatment of inflammations, wounds, certain forms of cancer, infections due to bacteria, fungi and viruses, diarrhoea, diabetes mellitus and other ailments. This comprehensive review provides a botanical description of Potentilla species and their phytochemical constituents in the aerial and underground parts. In vitro and in vivo pharmacological studies are reviewed and discussed, focussing on antidiarrhoic, anti-ulcerogenic, anti-neoplastic, antiviral and antimicrobial, antihyperglycemic, anti-inflammatory, spasmolytic, hepatoprotective and antioxidative activities of Potentilla species. Most of the pharmacological effects can be explained by the high amount of tannins and to a lesser extent by triterpenes, present in all plant parts. However, future efforts should concentrate more on in vitro and in vivo studies and also on clinical trials in order to confirm traditional wisdom in the light of a rational phytotherapy. Especially the efficacy of Potentilla erecta rhizome extracts in the treatment of colitis ulcerosa and of viral infections should be further substantiated in clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Tomczyk
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2a, 15-089 Białystok, Poland.
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