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Xu S, Lan H, Huang C, Ge X, Zhu J. Mechanisms and emerging strategies for irinotecan-induced diarrhea. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 974:176614. [PMID: 38677535 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Irinotecan (also known as CPT-11) is a topoisomerase I inhibitor first approved for clinical use as an anticancer agent in 1996. Over the past more than two decades, it has been widely used for combination regimens to treat various malignancies, especially in gastrointestinal and lung cancers. However, severe dose-limiting toxicities, especially gastrointestinal toxicity such as late-onset diarrhea, were frequently observed in irinotecan-based therapy, thus largely limiting the clinical application of this agent. Current knowledge regarding the pathogenesis of irinotecan-induced diarrhea is characterized by the complicated metabolism of irinotecan to its active metabolite SN-38 and inactive metabolite SN-38G. A series of enzymes and transporters were involved in these metabolic processes, including UGT1A1 and CYP3A4. Genetic polymorphisms of these metabolizing enzymes were significantly associated with the occurrence of irinotecan-induced diarrhea. Recent discoveries and progress made on the detailed mechanisms enable the identification of potential biomarkers for predicting diarrhea and as such guiding the proper patient selection with a better range of tolerant dosages. In this review, we introduce the metabolic process of irinotecan and describe the pathogenic mechanisms underlying irinotecan-induced diarrhea. Based on the mechanisms, we further outline the potential biomarkers for predicting the severity of diarrhea. Finally, based on the current experimental evidence in preclinical and clinical studies, we discuss and prospect the current and emerging strategies for the prevention of irinotecan-induced diarrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengkun Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China; Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Huiyin Lan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China; Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Chengyi Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China; Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Xingnan Ge
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China; Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Ji Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China; Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China.
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2
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Zenjanab MK, Pakchin PS, Fathi M, Abdolahinia ED, Adibkia K. Niosomes containing paclitaxel and gold nanoparticles with different coating agents for efficient chemo/photothermal therapy of breast cancer. Biomed Mater 2024; 19:035015. [PMID: 38422524 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad2ed5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common cancers in women, and chemotherapy is usually used to overcome this cancer. To improve drug delivery to cancer sites and reduce their side effects, nanocarriers such as niosomes (NIOs) are used. Moreover, a combination of other therapeutic methods like photothermal therapy (PTT) can help to enhance the chemotherapy effect. The aim of this research is the design a nanocarrier that simultaneously delivers chemotherapy and PTT agents. To achieve this goal, NIOs containing paclitaxel (PTX) as a chemotherapeutic agent and spherical gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) coated with citrate, chitosan (CS), and polyamidoamine (PAMAM) as a PTT agent were synthesized by thin hydration methods. Their physicochemical properties were determined by dynamic light scattering, UV-Vis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. Cellular uptake, cell cytotoxicity, hyperthermia, and apoptosis effects of the proposed system were investigated in the MCF-7 BC cell line. The cellular uptake of NIOs/AuNPs-PAMAM (99.21%) and NIOs/AuNPs-CS (98.93%) by MCF-7 cells was higher than that of NIOs/AuNPs (79.55%), demonstrating that surface charge plays a key role in the cellular uptake of NPs. The MTT assay showed the cell viability of 45.48% for NIOs/AuNPs/PTX, 34.24% for NIOs/AuNPs-CS/PTX, and 37.67% for NIOs/AuNPs-PAMAM/PTX after 48 h of treatment. However, the application of hyperthermia significantly decreased the viability of cells treated with NIOs/AuNPs/PTX (37.72%), NIOs/AuNPs-CS/PTX (10.49%), and NIOs/AuNPs-PAMAM/PTX (4.1%) after 48 h. The apoptosis rate was high in NIOs/AuNPs-PAMAM/PTX (53.24%) and NIOs/AuNPs-CS/PTX (55.4%) confirming the data from MTT. In conclusion, the result revealed that combined PTT with chemotherapy increased cell cytotoxicity effects against the MCF-7 cells, and the AuNPs with various coating agents affected cellular uptake and hyperthermia which can be considered for efficient BC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masuomeh Kaveh Zenjanab
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parvin Samadi Pakchin
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Fathi
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elaheh Dalir Abdolahinia
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Khosro Adibkia
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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3
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Chen X, Zhou JL, Yu J, Chen N, Chen W, Lu H, Xin GZ, Lin Y. Development of target-based cell membrane affinity ultrafiltration technology for a simplified approach to discovering potential bioactive compounds in natural products. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:1647-1655. [PMID: 38305859 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05166-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Target-based drug discovery technology based on cell membrane targets has gained significant traction and has been steadily advancing. However, current methods still face certain limitations that need to be addressed. One of the challenges is the laborious preparation process of screening materials, which can be time-consuming and resource-intensive. Additionally, there is a potential issue of non-specific adsorption caused by carrier materials, which can result in false-positive results and compromise the accuracy of the screening process. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a target-based cell membrane affinity ultrafiltration technology for active ingredient discovery in natural products. In this technique, the cell membranes of human lung adenocarcinoma epithelial cells (A549) with a high expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) were incubated with candidate drugs and then transferred to an ultrafiltration tube. Through centrifugation, components that interacted with EGFR were retained in the ultrafiltration tube as "EGFR-ligand" complex, while the components that did not interact with EGFR were separated. After thorough washing and eluting, the components interacting with EGFR were dissociated and further identified using LC-MS, enabling the discovery of bioactive compounds. Moreover, the target-based cell membrane affinity ultrafiltration technology exhibited commendable binding capacity and selectivity. Ultimately, this technology successfully screened and identified two major components from the Curcumae Rhizoma-Sparganii Rhizoma (CS) herb pair extracts, which were further validated for their potential anti-tumor activity through pharmacological experiments. By eliminating the need for laborious preparation of screening materials and the potential non-specific adsorption caused by carriers, the development of target-based cell membrane affinity ultrafiltration technology provides a simplified approach and method for bioactive compounds discovery in natural sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian-Liang Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinhao Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ningbo Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenda Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huaqiu Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gui-Zhong Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Chinese Medicines Analysis, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yuanyuan Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China.
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China.
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4
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Liu JCT, De La Peña R, Tocol C, Sattely ES. Reconstitution of early paclitaxel biosynthetic network. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1419. [PMID: 38360800 PMCID: PMC10869802 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45574-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Paclitaxel is an anticancer therapeutic produced by the yew tree. Over the last two decades, a significant bottleneck in the reconstitution of early paclitaxel biosynthesis has been the propensity of heterologously expressed pathway cytochromes P450, including taxadiene 5α-hydroxylase (T5αH), to form multiple products. Here, we structurally characterize four new products of T5αH, many of which appear to be over-oxidation of the primary mono-oxidized products. By tuning the promoter strength for T5αH expression in Nicotiana plants, we observe decreased levels of these proposed byproducts with a concomitant increase in the accumulation of taxadien-5α-ol, the paclitaxel precursor, by three-fold. This enables the reconstitution of a six step biosynthetic pathway, which we further show may function as a metabolic network. Our result demonstrates that six previously characterized Taxus genes can coordinatively produce key paclitaxel intermediates and serves as a crucial platform for the discovery of the remaining biosynthetic genes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ricardo De La Peña
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Christian Tocol
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth S Sattely
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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5
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Bao MF, Yang XN, Wu J, Liu JX, Cai XH. Discovery and biological evaluation of a new type of dual inhibitors of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase from ethnomedicinal plant Dactylicapnos scandens. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2023; 214:113794. [PMID: 37499850 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The root of Dactylicapnos scandens (D.Don.) Hutch (Papaveraceae), one of the most famous ethno-medicinal plants from the Bai communities in P. R. China, is used to treat various inflammations and tumours. Bioassay-guided phytochemical research on D. scandens followed by semi-synthesis led to a series of undescribed tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids with dual inhibitory activities against indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO). The previously undescribed dark-green alkaloid dactycapnine A exhibited the best dual inhibitor effects among the identified compounds. Structure-activity relationship analysis revealed the importance of the base skeleton with a hyperconjugation system. The performed semi-synthesis further yielded bioactive dimeric and trimeric compounds with hyperconjugated systems. Performed STD NMR experiments disclosed direct interactions between dactycapnine A and IDO1/TDO. Inhibition kinetics indicated dactycapnine A as a mixed-type dual inhibitor. These findings provided a possible explanation for the anticancer properties of the ethno-medicinal plant species D. scandens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Fen Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xin-Ni Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Jiang-Xin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China.
| | - Xiang-Hai Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China.
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6
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Sadri A. Is Target-Based Drug Discovery Efficient? Discovery and "Off-Target" Mechanisms of All Drugs. J Med Chem 2023; 66:12651-12677. [PMID: 37672650 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Target-based drug discovery is the dominant paradigm of drug discovery; however, a comprehensive evaluation of its real-world efficiency is lacking. Here, a manual systematic review of about 32000 articles and patents dating back to 150 years ago demonstrates its apparent inefficiency. Analyzing the origins of all approved drugs reveals that, despite several decades of dominance, only 9.4% of small-molecule drugs have been discovered through "target-based" assays. Moreover, the therapeutic effects of even this minimal share cannot be solely attributed and reduced to their purported targets, as they depend on numerous off-target mechanisms unconsciously incorporated by phenotypic observations. The data suggest that reductionist target-based drug discovery may be a cause of the productivity crisis in drug discovery. An evidence-based approach to enhance efficiency seems to be prioritizing, in selecting and optimizing molecules, higher-level phenotypic observations that are closer to the sought-after therapeutic effects using tools like artificial intelligence and machine learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Sadri
- Lyceum Scientific Charity, Tehran, Iran, 1415893697
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Research Program (INRP), Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, 1417755331
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, 1417614411
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7
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Chun-Ting Liu J, De La Pena R, Tocol C, Sattely ES. Reconstitution of Early Paclitaxel Biosynthetic Network. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.27.559859. [PMID: 37808792 PMCID: PMC10557666 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.27.559859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Paclitaxel is an anticancer therapeutic produced by the yew tree. Over the last two decades, a significant bottleneck in the reconstitution of early paclitaxel biosynthesis has been the propensity of heterologously expressed pathway cytochromes P450, including taxadiene 5α-hydroxylase (T5αH), to form multiple products. This diverts metabolic flux away from the paclitaxel precursor, taxadien-5α-ol, thus previous attempts of reconstitution have not yielded sufficient material for characterization, regardless of the heterologous host. Here, we structurally characterized four new products of T5αH, many of which appear to be over-oxidation of the primary mono-oxidized products. By tuning the promoter strength for T5αH expression, levels of these proposed byproducts decrease with a concomitant increase in the accumulation of taxadien-5α-ol by four-fold. This engineered system enabled the reconstitution of a six step biosynthetic pathway to produce isolatable 5α,10β-diacetoxy-taxadien-13α-ol. Furthermore, we showed that this pathway may function as a metabolic network rather than a linear pathway. The engineering of the paclitaxel biosynthetic network demonstrates that Taxus genes can coordinatively function for the biosynthetic production of key early stage paclitaxel intermediates and serves as a crucial platform for the discovery of the remaining biosynthetic genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Chun-Ting Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Ricardo De La Pena
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Christian Tocol
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Elizabeth S Sattely
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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8
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Jiang M, Poudel S, Song K. Androgen receptor and hyaluronan-mediated motility receptor as new molecular targets of baicalein: new molecular mechanisms for its anticancer properties. Arch Pharm Res 2023; 46:679-693. [PMID: 37691050 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-023-01461-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Natural compounds known as phytochemicals have served as valuable resources for the development of new anti-cancer drugs and treatment of malignancies. Among these phytochemicals, baicalein is an emerging anti-tumor flavonoid obtained from Scutellaria baicaleinsis (Lamiaceae), but its underlying mechanisms of action and molecular targets have not yet been completely elucidated. Here, we identified new mechanisms for the anti-tumor activities of baicalein, providing evidence that hyaluronan-mediated motility receptor (HMMR) and androgen receptor (AR) are new molecular targets of baicalein in human cancer cells. We observed that HMMR, known to be highly associated with poor prognosis in a wide range of human cancers, was substantially downregulated by baicalein at mRNA and protein levels. Reporter assays further revealed that the suppression of HMMR by baicalein might occur through a transcriptional regulatory mechanism with the participation of Egr-1, E2F3α, and serum response factor (SRF). We also found that baicalein significantly inhibits androgenic responses in hormone-responsive prostate cancer cells, indicating that this might be attributed to the downregulation of AR promoter activity by baicalein. Additionally, baicalein markedly induced the expression of tumor suppressive miR-30C, which might be partly involved in baicalein-mediated autophagy and anti-cancer effects. Overall, our study sheds light on new diverse mechanisms of the anti-cancer effects exhibited by baicalein, implying that baicalein could be a potential therapeutic agent against human cancers and function as an inhibitor of HMMR and AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Jiang
- Department of Herbal Resources, Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Suman Poudel
- Department of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Song
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, and Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, 54538, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, 54538, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Herbal Resources, Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, 54538, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, 54538, Republic of Korea.
- Integrated Omics Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, 54538, Republic of Korea.
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Bhowmick J, Nag M, Ghosh P, Rajmani RS, Chatterjee R, Karmakar K, Chandra K, Chatterjee J, Chakravortty D, Varadarajan R. A CcdB toxin-derived peptide acts as a broad-spectrum antibacterial therapeutic in infected mice. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e55338. [PMID: 37166011 PMCID: PMC10328072 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202255338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The bacterial toxin CcdB (Controller of Cell death or division B) targets DNA Gyrase, an essential bacterial topoisomerase, which is also the molecular target for fluoroquinolones. Here, we present a short cell-penetrating 24-mer peptide, CP1-WT, derived from the Gyrase-binding region of CcdB and examine its effect on growth of Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus and a carbapenem- and tigecycline-resistant strain of Acinetobacter baumannii in both axenic cultures and mouse models of infection. The CP1-WT peptide shows significant improvement over ciprofloxacin in terms of its in vivo therapeutic efficacy in treating established infections of S. Typhimurium, S. aureus and A. baumannii. The molecular mechanism likely involves inhibition of Gyrase or Topoisomerase IV, depending on the strain used. The study validates the CcdB binding site on bacterial DNA Gyrase as a viable and alternative target to the fluoroquinolone binding site.
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Grants
- Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India - Indian Institute of Science (DBT-IISc) partnership program
- BT/COE/34/SP15219/2015 Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India
- DT.20/11/2015 Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India
- Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India (DST FIST)
- Ministry of Education, India (MHRD)
- University Grants Commission, Ministry of Education, India (UGC Centre for Advanced Studies)
- Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India
- Ministry of Education, India (MHRD)
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayantika Bhowmick
- Molecular Biophysics Unit (MBU)Indian Institute of ScienceBangaloreIndia
| | - Manish Nag
- Molecular Biophysics Unit (MBU)Indian Institute of ScienceBangaloreIndia
| | - Pritha Ghosh
- Molecular Biophysics Unit (MBU)Indian Institute of ScienceBangaloreIndia
| | - Raju S Rajmani
- Molecular Biophysics Unit (MBU)Indian Institute of ScienceBangaloreIndia
| | - Ritika Chatterjee
- Department of Microbiology and Cell BiologyIndian Institute of ScienceBangaloreIndia
| | - Kapudeep Karmakar
- Department of Microbiology and Cell BiologyIndian Institute of ScienceBangaloreIndia
| | - Kasturi Chandra
- Department of Microbiology and Cell BiologyIndian Institute of ScienceBangaloreIndia
| | - Jayanta Chatterjee
- Molecular Biophysics Unit (MBU)Indian Institute of ScienceBangaloreIndia
| | - Dipshikha Chakravortty
- Department of Microbiology and Cell BiologyIndian Institute of ScienceBangaloreIndia
- School of BiologyIndian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER TVM)ThiruvananthapuramIndia
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10
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Notaro A, Lauricella M, Di Liberto D, Emanuele S, Giuliano M, Attanzio A, Tesoriere L, Carlisi D, Allegra M, De Blasio A, Calvaruso G, D'Anneo A. A Deadly Liaison between Oxidative Injury and p53 Drives Methyl-Gallate-Induced Autophagy and Apoptosis in HCT116 Colon Cancer Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1292. [PMID: 37372022 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Methyl gallate (MG), which is a gallotannin widely found in plants, is a polyphenol used in traditional Chinese phytotherapy to alleviate several cancer symptoms. Our studies provided evidence that MG is capable of reducing the viability of HCT116 colon cancer cells, while it was found to be ineffective on differentiated Caco-2 cells, which is a model of polarized colon cells. In the first phase of treatment, MG promoted both early ROS generation and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, sustained by elevated PERK, Grp78 and CHOP expression levels, as well as an upregulation in intracellular calcium content. Such events were accompanied by an autophagic process (16-24 h), where prolonging the time (48 h) of MG exposure led to cellular homeostasis collapse and apoptotic cell death with DNA fragmentation and p53 and γH2Ax activation. Our data demonstrated that a crucial role in the MG-induced mechanism is played by p53. Its level, which increased precociously (4 h) in MG-treated cells, was tightly intertwined with oxidative injury. Indeed, the addition of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), which is a ROS scavenger, counteracted the p53 increase, as well as the MG effect on cell viability. Moreover, MG promoted p53 accumulation into the nucleus and its inhibition by pifithrin-α (PFT-α), which is a negative modulator of p53 transcriptional activity, enhanced autophagy, increased the LC3-II level and inhibited apoptotic cell death. These findings provide new clues to the potential action of MG as a possible anti-tumor phytomolecule for colon cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonietta Notaro
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Marianna Lauricella
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Diana Di Liberto
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Sonia Emanuele
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Michela Giuliano
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandro Attanzio
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Luisa Tesoriere
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniela Carlisi
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Mario Allegra
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Anna De Blasio
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Calvaruso
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonella D'Anneo
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
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11
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Savchenko T, Degtyaryov E, Radzyukevich Y, Buryak V. Therapeutic Potential of Plant Oxylipins. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314627. [PMID: 36498955 PMCID: PMC9741157 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
For immobile plants, the main means of protection against adverse environmental factors is the biosynthesis of various secondary (specialized) metabolites. The extreme diversity and high biological activity of these metabolites determine the researchers' interest in plants as a source of therapeutic agents. Oxylipins, oxygenated derivatives of fatty acids, are particularly promising in this regard. Plant oxylipins, which are characterized by a diversity of chemical structures, can exert protective and therapeutic properties in animal cells. While the therapeutic potential of some classes of plant oxylipins, such as jasmonates and acetylenic oxylipins, has been analyzed thoroughly, other oxylipins are barely studied in this regard. Here, we present a comprehensive overview of the therapeutic potential of all major classes of plant oxylipins, including derivatives of acetylenic fatty acids, jasmonates, six- and nine-carbon aldehydes, oxy-, epoxy-, and hydroxy-derivatives of fatty acids, as well as spontaneously formed phytoprostanes and phytofurans. The presented analysis will provide an impetus for further research investigating the beneficial properties of these secondary metabolites and bringing them closer to practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana Savchenko
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Evgeny Degtyaryov
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
- Puschchino State Institute of Natural Sciences, Prospect Nauki st., 3, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Yaroslav Radzyukevich
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Vlada Buryak
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, str. 51, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Branch of Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
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12
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Tam JSY, Pei JV, Coller JK, Prestidge CA, Bowen JM. Structural insight and analysis of TLR4 interactions with IAXO-102, TAK-242 and SN-38: an in silico approach. In Silico Pharmacol 2022; 11:1. [PMID: 36438853 PMCID: PMC9681971 DOI: 10.1007/s40203-022-00137-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) has attracted interest due to its role in chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal inflammation. This structural study aimed to provide in silico rational of the recognition and potential binding of TLR4 ligands IAXO-102, TAK-242, and SN-38 (the toxic metabolite of the chemotherapeutic irinotecan hydrochloride), which could contribute to rationale development of therapeutic anti-inflammation drugs targeting TLR4 in the gastrointestinal tract. Methods In silico docking was performed between the human TLR4-MD-2 complex and ligands (IAXO-102, TAK-242, SN-38) using Autodock Vina, setting the docking grids to cover either the upper or the lower bound of TLR4. The conformation having the lowest binding energy value (kcal/mol) was processed for post-hoc analysis of the best-fit model. Hydrogen bonding was calculated by using ChimeraX. Results Binding energies of IAXO-102, TAK-242 and SN-38 at the upper bound of TLR4-MD-2 ranged between - 3.8 and - 3.1, - 6.9 and - 6.3, and - 9.0 and - 7.0, respectively. Binding energies of IAXO-102, TAK-242 and SN-38 at the lower bound ranged between - 3.9 and - 3.5, - 6.5 and - 5.8, and - 8.2 and - 6.8, respectively. Hydrogen bonding at the upper bound of TLR4/MD-2 with IAXO-102, TAK-242 and SN-38 was to aspartic acid 70, cysteine 133 and serine 120, respectively. Hydrogen bonding at the lower bound of TLR4-MD-2 with IAXO-102, TAK-242 and SN-38 was to serine 528, glycine 480 and glutamine 510, respectively. Conclusion The in silico rational presented here supports further investigation of the binding activity of IAXO-102 and TAK-242 for their potential application in the prevention of gastrointestinal inflammation caused by SN-38.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine S. Y. Tam
- Discipline of Physiology, Department of Physiology, School of Biomedicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005 Australia
| | - Jinxin V. Pei
- Research School of Biology, College of Science, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory Australia
| | - Janet K. Coller
- Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Biomedicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia Australia
| | - Clive A. Prestidge
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia Australia
| | - Joanne M. Bowen
- Discipline of Physiology, Department of Physiology, School of Biomedicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005 Australia
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13
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Smith ER, Huang M, Schlumbrecht MP, George SH, Xu XX. Rationale for combination of paclitaxel and CDK4/6 inhibitor in ovarian cancer therapy — non-mitotic mechanisms of paclitaxel. Front Oncol 2022; 12:907520. [PMID: 36185294 PMCID: PMC9520484 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.907520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Taxanes and CDK4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) are two families of successful anti-mitotic drugs used in the treatment of solid tumors. Paclitaxel, representing taxane compounds, has been used either alone or in combination with other agents (commonly carboplatin/cisplatin) in the treatment of many solid tumors including ovarian, breast, lung, prostate cancers, and Kaposi’s sarcoma. Paclitaxel has been routinely prescribed in cancer treatment since the 1990s, and its prominent role is unlikely to be replaced in the foreseeable future. Paclitaxel and other taxanes work by binding to and stabilizing microtubules, causing mitotic arrest, aberrant mitosis, and cell death. CDK4/6i (palbociclib, ribociclib, abemaciclib) are relatively new cell cycle inhibitors that have been found to be effective in breast cancer treatment, and are currently being developed in other solid tumors. CDK4/6i blocks cell cycle progression at the G1 phase, resulting in cell death by mechanisms not yet fully elucidated. At first glance, paclitaxel and CDK4/6i are unlikely synergistic agents as both are cell cycle inhibitors that work at different phases of the cell cycle, and few clinical trials have yet considered adding CDK4/6i to existing paclitaxel chemotherapy. However, recent findings suggest the importance of a non-mitotic mechanism of paclitaxel in cancer cell death and pre-clinical data support rationale for a strategic paclitaxel and CDK4/6i combination. In mouse tumor model studies, drug sequencing resulted in differential efficacy, indicating complex biological interactions of the two drugs. This article reviews the rationales of combining paclitaxel with CDK4/6i as a potential therapeutic option in recurrent ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth R. Smith
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Marilyn Huang
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Matthew P. Schlumbrecht
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Sophia H.L. George
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Xiang-Xi Xu
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- *Correspondence: Xiang-Xi Xu,
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14
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Xie MH, Fu ZL, Hua AL, Zhou JF, Chen Q, Li JB, Yao S, Cai XJ, Ge M, Zhou L, Wu J. A new core–shell-type nanoparticle loaded with paclitaxel/norcantharidin and modified with APRPG enhances anti-tumor effects in hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:932156. [PMID: 36185205 PMCID: PMC9515951 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.932156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticle delivery systems have been shown to improve the therapeutic efficacy of anti-cancer drugs, including a variety of drugs for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the current systems show some limitations, and the delivery of more effective nanoparticle systems for anti-HCC drugs with better targeting ability are needed. Here, we created paclitaxel (PTX)/norcantharidin (NCTD)-loaded core–shell lipid nanoparticles modified with a tumor neovasculature-targeted peptide (Ala-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly, APRPG) and investigated their anti-tumor effects in HCC. Core–shell-type lipid nanoparticles (PTX/NCTD-APRPG-NPs) were established by combining poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)-wrapped PTX with phospholipid-wrapped NCTD, followed by modification with APRPG. For comparison, PTX-loaded PLGA nanoparticles (PTX-NPs) and PTX/NCTD-loaded core–shell-type nanoparticles without APRPG (PTX/NCTD-NPs) were prepared. The in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor effects were examined in HepG2 cells and tumor-bearing mice, respectively. Morphological and release characterization showed that PTX/NCTD-APRPG-NPs were prepared successfully and achieved up to 90% release of PTX in a sustained manner. Compared with PTX/NCTD-NPs, PTX/NCTD-APRPG-NPs significantly enhanced the uptake of PTX. Notably, the inhibition of proliferation and migration of hepatoma cells was significantly higher in the PTX/NCTD-APRPG-NP group than those in the PTX-NP and PTX/NCTD-NP groups, which reflected significantly greater anti-tumor properties as well. Furthermore, key molecules in cell proliferation and apoptosis signaling pathways were altered most in the PTX/NCTD-APRPG-NP group, compared with the PTX-NP and PTX/NCTD-NP groups. Collectively, PTX/NCTD-loaded core–shell lipid nanoparticles modified with APRPG enhance the effectiveness of anti-HCC drugs and may be an effective system for the delivery of anti-HCC drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hua Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, First People’s Hospital of Linping District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zai-Lin Fu
- Department of Pharmacy, First People’s Hospital of Linping District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ai-Lian Hua
- Department of Pharmacy, First People’s Hospital of Linping District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ji-Fang Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, First People’s Hospital of Linping District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, First People’s Hospital of Linping District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Bo Li
- Department of Pharmacy, First People’s Hospital of Linping District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shen Yao
- Department of Pharmacy, First People’s Hospital of Linping District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin-Jun Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Ge
- Department of Pharmacy, First People’s Hospital of Linping District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Oncology, First People’s Hospital of Linping District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, First People’s Hospital of Linping District, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jia Wu,
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Ali A, Ali A, Salahuddin, Bakht MA, Ahsan MJ. Synthesis and Biological Evaluations of N-(4-Substituted Phenyl)-7-Hydroxy-4-Methyl-2-Oxoquinoline-1(2 H)-Carbothioamides. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2021.1924210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amena Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abuzer Ali
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salahuddin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Noida Institute of Technology (Pharmacy Institute), Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohammad Afroz Bakht
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanity Studies, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Jawed Ahsan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Maharishi Arvind College of Pharmacy, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
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16
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In Vitro Investigation of the Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Potential of Tabernaemontana ventricosa Hochst. ex A. DC. Leaf, Stem, and Latex Extracts. HORTICULTURAE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8020091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Tabernaemontana ventricosa (Apocynaceae) a latex-bearing plant is used in traditional medicine for its therapeutic benefits in reducing fever and hypertension and wound healing. Due to limited information on the plant’s pharmacological activities, this study aimed to investigate the antioxidant potential of the leaf, stem, and latex extracts of T. ventricosa, using the Folin-Ciocalteu (total phenolics), aluminum chloride colorimetric (total flavonoids), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. The cytotoxic activity was evaluated in the human HEK293 (embryonic kidney), HeLa (cervical carcinoma), and MCF-7 (breast adenocarcinoma) cell lines using the MTT assay. The latex extracts possessed the highest total phenolic content (115.36 ± 2.89 mg GAE/g), followed by the stem hexane extracts (21.33 ± 0.42 mg GAE/g), the chloroform leaf (7.89 ± 0.87 mg GAE/g), and the chloroform stem (4.69 ± 0.21 mg GAE/g) extracts. The flavonoid content was substantially high ranging from 946.92 ± 6.29 mg QE/g in the stem hexane, 768.96 ± 5.43 mg QE/g in the latex, 693.24 ± 4.12 mg QE/g in the stem chloroform, and 662.20 ± 1.00 mg QE/g in the leaf hexane extracts. The DPPH assays showed the highest percentage of inhibition at 240 µg/mL, for the stem hexane (70.10%), stem methanol (65.24%), and stem chloroform (60.26%) extracts, with their respective IC50 values of 19.26 µg/mL (stem hexane), 6.19 µg/mL (stem methanol), and 22.56 µg/mL (stem chloroform). The FRAP assays displayed minimal inhibition ranging from 4.73% to 14.40%, except for the latex extracts which displayed moderate inhibition at 15 µg/mL (21.82%) and substantial inhibition at 240 µg/mL (98.48%). The HeLa and MCF-7 cell lines were the most sensitive to the extracts, with the hexane, chloroform, and methanol leaf and stem, and latex extracts significantly affecting the percentage cell survival. Overall, the various parts of T. ventricosa exhibited strong antioxidant activity correlating to its cytotoxicity. Further studies should focus on the isolation of specific antioxidant compounds that could be investigated for their anticancer potential.
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Dou J, Weathers P. Specialty molecules from plants and in vitro cultures as new drugs: regulatory considerations from flask to patient. PLANT CELL, TISSUE AND ORGAN CULTURE 2022; 149:105-111. [PMID: 35345535 PMCID: PMC8942155 DOI: 10.1007/s11240-022-02287-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Few therapeutic specialty molecules from in vitro cultures beyond paclitaxel have come to market and although other more complex products like ginseng have also appeared, success has been limited. Often it is not the science that is limiting, but rather regulatory issues that limit considerations of potential products mainly because of costs in getting the product to market. Here we discuss broader thinking of such specialty molecules in the form of dietary supplements, nutraceuticals, herbal medicines, botanical drugs, and pure molecules along with potential complex products from a regulatory standpoint and especially within the realm of approved botanical drugs, e.g., Veregen and Fulyzaq, that have new drug applications (NDAs). The United States food and drug administration (US FDA) regulatory categories are used to provide examples of alternative product options that could prove useful for taking specialty molecules to market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhui Dou
- Jiangsu Tripod Preclinical Research Laboratories Co. LTD, Nanjing, China
| | - Pamela Weathers
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 100 Institute Rd, Worcester, MA 01609 USA
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18
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19
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Determination of Paclitaxel Solubility and Stability in the Presence of Injectable Excipients. Pharm Chem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-021-02526-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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20
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Muhammed Ashraf VK, Kalaichelvan VK, Venkatachalam VV, Ragunathan R. Evaluation of in vitro cytotoxic activity of different solvent extracts of Clerodendrum thomsoniae Balf.f and its active fractions on different cancer cell lines. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-021-00206-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractBackgroundClerodendrumis a genus of about 500 species belongs to the family Lamiaceae. Many species of this genus have been proved for the treatment of various diseases. This study was aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of different solvents and their most active fractions ofClerodendrum thomsoniaeBalf.f. in different human cancer cell lines. Aerial parts of the plant were subjected to Soxhlet extraction. Phytochemical analysis was done by using standard tests. In vitro anti-cancer activity on MCF-7, Hep-G2, A549, HT-29, MOLT-4, Hela, and Vero cell lines were evaluated by MTT assay.ResultsPhytochemical analysis confirmed the presence of most of the phytoconstituents in ethyl acetate extracts and the same extracts were found to be more cytotoxic activity to cancer cell lines MCF-7,Hep-G2,A549,HT–29, MOLT-4, and Hela with IC50values 29.43 ± 1.44 μg/ml, 43.22 ± 1.02 μg/ml, 56.93 ± 1.41 μg/ml, 60.68 ± 1.05 μg/ml, 69.83 ± 1.33 μg/ml, and 40.02 ± 1.14 μg/ml respectively, while it had no cytotoxic effect on normal Vero cells IC50= 367.5 ± 1.03 μg/ml. Ethyl acetate extracts were selected for the fractionation and MCF-7 cell line was used repeat MTT assay and found that fraction F5 was the most active fraction with IC5017.33 ± 0.54 μg/ml.ConclusionThese findings have proved thatClerodendrum thomsoniaeBalf.f. have significant cytotoxicity especially for breast cancer cell lines. Further studies are required for the isolation of constituents and to explore the mechanism of action.
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21
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Caesar LK, Montaser R, Keller NP, Kelleher NL. Metabolomics and genomics in natural products research: complementary tools for targeting new chemical entities. Nat Prod Rep 2021; 38:2041-2065. [PMID: 34787623 PMCID: PMC8691422 DOI: 10.1039/d1np00036e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Covering: 2010 to 2021Organisms in nature have evolved into proficient synthetic chemists, utilizing specialized enzymatic machinery to biosynthesize an inspiring diversity of secondary metabolites. Often serving to boost competitive advantage for their producers, these secondary metabolites have widespread human impacts as antibiotics, anti-inflammatories, and antifungal drugs. The natural products discovery field has begun a shift away from traditional activity-guided approaches and is beginning to take advantage of increasingly available metabolomics and genomics datasets to explore undiscovered chemical space. Major strides have been made and now enable -omics-informed prioritization of chemical structures for discovery, including the prospect of confidently linking metabolites to their biosynthetic pathways. Over the last decade, more integrated strategies now provide researchers with pipelines for simultaneous identification of expressed secondary metabolites and their biosynthetic machinery. However, continuous collaboration by the natural products community will be required to optimize strategies for effective evaluation of natural product biosynthetic gene clusters to accelerate discovery efforts. Here, we provide an evaluative guide to scientific literature as it relates to studying natural product biosynthesis using genomics, metabolomics, and their integrated datasets. Particular emphasis is placed on the unique insights that can be gained from large-scale integrated strategies, and we provide source organism-specific considerations to evaluate the gaps in our current knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay K Caesar
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
| | - Rana Montaser
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
| | - Nancy P Keller
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology and Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Neil L Kelleher
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
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22
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Soren BC, Babu Dasari J, Ottaviani A, Messina B, Andreotti G, Romeo A, Iacovelli F, Falconi M, Desideri A, Fiorani P. In Vitro and In Silico Characterization of an Antimalarial Compound with Antitumor Activity Targeting Human DNA Topoisomerase IB. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7455. [PMID: 34299074 PMCID: PMC8306514 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Human DNA topoisomerase IB controls the topological state of supercoiled DNA through a complex catalytic cycle that consists of cleavage and religation reactions, allowing the progression of fundamental DNA metabolism. The catalytic steps of human DNA topoisomerase IB were analyzed in the presence of a drug, obtained by the open-access drug bank Medicines for Malaria Venture. The experiments indicate that the compound strongly and irreversibly inhibits the cleavage step of the enzyme reaction and reduces the cell viability of three different cancer cell lines. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations suggest that the drug binds to the human DNA topoisomerase IB-DNA complex sitting inside the catalytic site of the enzyme, providing a molecular explanation for the cleavage-inhibition effect. For all these reasons, the aforementioned drug could be a possible lead compound for the development of an efficient anti-tumor molecule targeting human DNA topoisomerase IB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bini Chhetri Soren
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (B.C.S.); (J.B.D.); (B.M.); (G.A.); (A.R.); (F.I.); (M.F.); (A.D.); (P.F.)
| | - Jagadish Babu Dasari
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (B.C.S.); (J.B.D.); (B.M.); (G.A.); (A.R.); (F.I.); (M.F.); (A.D.); (P.F.)
| | - Alessio Ottaviani
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (B.C.S.); (J.B.D.); (B.M.); (G.A.); (A.R.); (F.I.); (M.F.); (A.D.); (P.F.)
| | - Beatrice Messina
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (B.C.S.); (J.B.D.); (B.M.); (G.A.); (A.R.); (F.I.); (M.F.); (A.D.); (P.F.)
| | - Giada Andreotti
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (B.C.S.); (J.B.D.); (B.M.); (G.A.); (A.R.); (F.I.); (M.F.); (A.D.); (P.F.)
| | - Alice Romeo
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (B.C.S.); (J.B.D.); (B.M.); (G.A.); (A.R.); (F.I.); (M.F.); (A.D.); (P.F.)
| | - Federico Iacovelli
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (B.C.S.); (J.B.D.); (B.M.); (G.A.); (A.R.); (F.I.); (M.F.); (A.D.); (P.F.)
| | - Mattia Falconi
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (B.C.S.); (J.B.D.); (B.M.); (G.A.); (A.R.); (F.I.); (M.F.); (A.D.); (P.F.)
| | - Alessandro Desideri
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (B.C.S.); (J.B.D.); (B.M.); (G.A.); (A.R.); (F.I.); (M.F.); (A.D.); (P.F.)
| | - Paola Fiorani
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (B.C.S.); (J.B.D.); (B.M.); (G.A.); (A.R.); (F.I.); (M.F.); (A.D.); (P.F.)
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council, CNR, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy
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23
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Shang Y, Wu C, Gao Q, Liu C, Li L, Zhang X, Cheng HG, Liu S, Zhou Q. Diversity-oriented functionalization of 2-pyridones and uracils. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2988. [PMID: 34016986 PMCID: PMC8137914 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23058-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterocycles 2-pyridone and uracil are privileged pharmacophores. Diversity-oriented synthesis of their derivatives is in urgent need in medicinal chemistry. Herein, we report a palladium/norbornene cooperative catalysis enabled dual-functionalization of iodinated 2-pyridones and uracils. The success of this research depends on the use of two unique norbornene derivatives as the mediator. Readily available alkyl halides/tosylates and aryl bromides are utilized as ortho-alkylating and -arylating reagents, respectively. Widely accessible ipso-terminating reagents, including H/DCO2Na, boronic acid/ester, terminal alkene and alkyne are compatible with this protocol. Thus, a large number of valuable 2-pyridone derivatives, including deuterium/CD3-labeled 2-pyridones, bicyclic 2-pyridones, 2-pyridone-fenofibrate conjugate, axially chiral 2-pyridone (97% ee), as well as uracil and thymine derivatives, can be quickly prepared in a predictable manner (79 examples reported), which will be very useful in new drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Shang
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, and The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenggui Wu
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, and The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qianwen Gao
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, and The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, and The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan, China
| | - Lisha Li
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, and The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinping Zhang
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, and The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong-Gang Cheng
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, and The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan, China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, and The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan, China
| | - Qianghui Zhou
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, and The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan, China.
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Daley SK, Cordell GA. Biologically Significant and Recently Isolated Alkaloids from Endophytic Fungi. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2021; 84:871-897. [PMID: 33534564 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c01195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A selection of the established and recently characterized alkaloids from the exploration of plant- and some marine-associated endophytic fungi is reviewed, with reference to alkaloids of biological significance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Geoffrey A Cordell
- Natural Products Inc., Evanston, Illinois 60202, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
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25
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Huang M, Lu JJ, Ding J. Natural Products in Cancer Therapy: Past, Present and Future. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2021; 11:5-13. [PMID: 33389713 PMCID: PMC7933288 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-020-00293-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Natural products, with remarkable chemical diversity, have been extensively investigated for their anticancer potential for more than a half-century. The collective efforts of the community have achieved the tremendous advancements, bringing natural products to clinical use and discovering new therapeutic opportunities, yet the challenges remain ahead. With remarkable changes in the landscape of cancer therapy and growing role of cutting-edge technologies, we may have come to a crossroads to revisit the strategies to understand nature products and to explore their therapeutic utility. This review summarizes the key advancements in nature product-centered cancer research and calls for the implementation of systematic approaches, new pharmacological models, and exploration of emerging directions to revitalize natural products search in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Jian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Jian Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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26
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Koygun GK, Kars MD, Emsen A, Artac H, Aksoy F, Cakir M, Tavli L, Artac M. Response to trastuzumab and investigation of expression profiles of matrix metalloproteinase-related proteins in primary breast cancer stem cells. Clin Exp Med 2021; 21:447-456. [PMID: 33471244 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-021-00685-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the leading cause of cancer deaths in women. One of the reasons for the failure of BC treatment is reportedly the ineffectiveness of chemotherapeutic drugs against breast cancer stem-like cells (BCSCs). HER2 receptors have an important role in the self-renewal of BCSCs. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and cytokine levels were found to be higher in BCSCs, which demonstrates their potential metastatic capacity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the response of BCSCs to trastuzumab and to investigate the MMP levels in primary breast cancer cells and HER2+ BCSCs. Tumour tissue samples were obtained during surgical intervention from ten breast cancer patients, and primary culture cells were established from these tissues. Four major molecular subgroups were sorted from the primary culture: HER2+ BCSCs (CD44+CD24-HER2+), HER2- BCSCs (CD44+CD24-HER2-), HER2- primary culture cells (CD44+CD24+HER2-) and triple positive primary culture cells (CD44+CD24+HER2+). These cells were cultured and treated with trastuzumab, paclitaxel, carboplatin, and the combination of those three drugs for 96 h. Cellular responses to these drugs were determined by XTT cytotoxicity test. MMPs and cytokine array analysis showed that MMPs and TIMP-1, TIMP-2 proteins were expressed more in HER2+ BCSCs than in primary culture. HER2- BCSCs were more resistant to drugs than HER2+ BCSCs. Our findings suggest that the presence of HER2- BCSCs may be responsible for primary trastuzumab resistance in HER2+ BC cell population. Further studies investigating the function of MMPs are needed for drug targeting of BCSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gozde Kayadibi Koygun
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Advanced Technology Research and Application Center, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Meltem Demirel Kars
- Meram Vocational School, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Program, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ayca Emsen
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Hasibe Artac
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Faruk Aksoy
- Meram Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Murat Cakir
- Meram Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Lema Tavli
- Meram Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Artac
- Meram Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey.
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27
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Singh A, Singh DK, Kharwar RN, White JF, Gond SK. Fungal Endophytes as Efficient Sources of Plant-Derived Bioactive Compounds and Their Prospective Applications in Natural Product Drug Discovery: Insights, Avenues, and Challenges. Microorganisms 2021; 9:197. [PMID: 33477910 PMCID: PMC7833388 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9010197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal endophytes are well-established sources of biologically active natural compounds with many producing pharmacologically valuable specific plant-derived products. This review details typical plant-derived medicinal compounds of several classes, including alkaloids, coumarins, flavonoids, glycosides, lignans, phenylpropanoids, quinones, saponins, terpenoids, and xanthones that are produced by endophytic fungi. This review covers the studies carried out since the first report of taxol biosynthesis by endophytic Taxomyces andreanae in 1993 up to mid-2020. The article also highlights the prospects of endophyte-dependent biosynthesis of such plant-derived pharmacologically active compounds and the bottlenecks in the commercialization of this novel approach in the area of drug discovery. After recent updates in the field of 'omics' and 'one strain many compounds' (OSMAC) approach, fungal endophytes have emerged as strong unconventional source of such prized products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Singh
- Department of Botany, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India;
- Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Dheeraj K. Singh
- Department of Botany, Harish Chandra Post Graduate College, Varanasi 221001, India
| | - Ravindra N. Kharwar
- Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - James F. White
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Surendra K. Gond
- Department of Botany, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India;
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Lerksuthirat T, Wikiniyadhanee R, Chitphuk S, Stitchantrakul W, Sampattavanich S, Jirawatnotai S, Jumpathong J, Dejsuphong D. DNA Repair Biosensor-Identified DNA Damage Activities of Endophyte Extracts from Garcinia cowa. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E1680. [PMID: 33339185 PMCID: PMC7765599 DOI: 10.3390/biom10121680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent developments in chemotherapy focus on target-specific mechanisms, which occur only in cancer cells and minimize the effects on normal cells. DNA damage and repair pathways are a promising target in the treatment of cancer. In order to identify novel compounds targeting DNA repair pathways, two key proteins, 53BP1 and RAD54L, were tagged with fluorescent proteins as indicators for two major double strand break (DSB) repair pathways: non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) and homologous recombination (HR). The engineered biosensor cells exhibited the same DNA repair properties as the wild type. The biosensor cells were further used to investigate the DNA repair activities of natural biological compounds. An extract from Phyllosticta sp., the endophyte isolated from the medicinal plant Garcinia cowa Roxb. ex Choisy, was tested. The results showed that the crude extract induced DSB, as demonstrated by the increase in the DNA DSB marker γH2AX. The damaged DNA appeared to be repaired through NHEJ, as the 53BP1 focus formation in the treated fraction was higher than in the control group. In conclusion, DNA repair-based biosensors are useful for the preliminary screening of crude extracts and biological compounds for the identification of potential targeted therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tassanee Lerksuthirat
- Research Center, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (T.L.); (S.C.); (W.S.)
| | - Rakkreat Wikiniyadhanee
- Section for Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Sermsiri Chitphuk
- Research Center, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (T.L.); (S.C.); (W.S.)
| | - Wasana Stitchantrakul
- Research Center, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (T.L.); (S.C.); (W.S.)
| | - Somponnat Sampattavanich
- Siriraj Center of Research for Excellence (SiCORE) for Systems Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (S.S.); (S.J.)
| | - Siwanon Jirawatnotai
- Siriraj Center of Research for Excellence (SiCORE) for Systems Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (S.S.); (S.J.)
| | - Juangjun Jumpathong
- Center of Excellent in Research for Agricultural Biotechnology and Department of Agricultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Natural Resources and Environment, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Donniphat Dejsuphong
- Section for Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
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Wani AR, Yadav K, Khursheed A, Rather MA. An updated and comprehensive review of the antiviral potential of essential oils and their chemical constituents with special focus on their mechanism of action against various influenza and coronaviruses. Microb Pathog 2020; 152:104620. [PMID: 33212200 PMCID: PMC9159739 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Essential oils and their chemical constituents have been reported with well documented antimicrobial effects against a range of bacterial, fungal and viral pathogens. By definition, essential oils are a complex mixture of volatile organic compounds which are synthesized naturally in different parts of the plant as part of plants secondary metabolism. The chemical composition of the essential oils is dominated by the presence of a range of compounds including phenolics, terpenoids, aldehydes, ketones, ethers, epoxides and many others inferring that essential oils must be effective against a wide range of pathogens. This review article mainly focuses on the antiviral potential of essential oils and their chemical constituents especially against influenza and coronaviruses. Essential oils have been screened against several pathogenic viruses, including influenza and other respiratory viral infections. The essential oils of cinnamon, bergamot, lemongrass, thyme, lavender have been reported to exert potent antiviral effects against influenza type A virus. The essential oil of Citrus reshni leaves has been shown to be effective against H5N1 virus. The essential oil of Lippia species at a concentration of 11.1 μg/mL has been shown to induce 100% inhibition of yellow fever virus in Vero cells. Essential oils and oleoresins have been shown through in vitro and in vivo experiments to induce antiviral effects against Coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus. A study reported 221 phytochemical compounds and essential oils to be effective against severe acute respiratory syndrome associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) using a cell-based assay measuring SARS-CoV-induced cytopathogenic effect on Vero E6 cells. The main mechanism of antiviral effects of essential oils has been found to cause capsid disintegration and viral expansion which prevents the virus to infect host cells by adsorption via the capsid. Essential oils also inhibit hemagglutinin (an important membrane protein of various viruses) of certain viruses; this membrane protein allows the virus to enter the host cell. Many essential oils and their components could inhibit the late stages of viral life cycle by targeting the redox signalling pathway. Essential oils of Thymus vulgaris, cymbopogon citratus and Rosmarinus officinalis have been found to destabilize the Tat/TAR-RNA complex of HIV-1 virus, this complex being essential for HIV-1 replication. Being lipophilic in nature, essential oils can penetrate viral membranes easily leading to membrane disintegration. The current comprehensive review will facilitate researchers to find chemical entities from plant sources as possible inhibitory agents against various viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Rouf Wani
- Department of Botany, Madhyanchal Professional University, Madhya Pradesh, Bhopal, 462044, India
| | - Kanchan Yadav
- Department of Botany, Madhyanchal Professional University, Madhya Pradesh, Bhopal, 462044, India.
| | - Aadil Khursheed
- Department of Chemistry, Madhyanchal Professional University, Madhya Pradesh, Bhopal, 462044, India
| | - Manzoor Ahmad Rather
- Department of Chemistry, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, 192122, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
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30
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Schmidt KT, Huitema ADR, Dorlo TPC, Peer CJ, Cordes LM, Sciuto L, Wroblewski S, Pommier Y, Madan RA, Thomas A, Figg WD. Population pharmacokinetic analysis of nanoparticle-bound and free camptothecin after administration of NLG207 in adults with advanced solid tumors. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2020; 86:475-486. [PMID: 32897402 PMCID: PMC7515962 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-020-04134-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE NLG207 (formerly CRLX101) is a nanoparticle-drug conjugate (NDC) of the potent topoisomerase I inhibitor, camptothecin (CPT). The present study sought to characterize the complex pharmacokinetics (PK) of NLG207 and better describe CPT release from nanoparticles using a population PK (popPK) model. METHODS From 27 patients enrolled on two phase II clinical trials (NCT02769962 and NCT03531827), dense sampling was performed up to 48 h post-administration of NLG207 during cycle one and six of treatment; samples were also collected at ~ 360 h post-dose. Conjugated and free CPT concentrations were quantified from each sample, resulting in 477 observations to build a popPK model using non-linear mixed-effects modeling. RESULTS The PK of NLG207 was characterized by combining two linear two-compartment models with first-order kinetics each to describe nanoparticle-bound (conjugated) and free CPT. Allometric scaling based on body weight provided the best body-size descriptor for all PK parameters. The typical volumes of distribution of the conjugated CPT central and free CPT central compartments were 3.16 L (BSV CV%; 18.1%) and 21.1 L (CV%; 79.8%), respectively. CPT release from the nanoparticle formulation was characterized via an initial rapid clearance of 5.71 L/h (CV%; 62.6%), which decreased via first-order decay (estimated half-life of 0.307 h) to the steady-state value of 0.0988 L/h (CV%; 33.5%) by ~ 4 h after end of infusion. Renal clearance of free CPT was 0.874 L/h (CV%; 42.2%). CONCLUSION The popPK model confirmed nanoparticle behavior of conjugated CPT and mechanistically characterized CPT release from NLG207. The current analysis provides a strong foundation for future study as a potential predictive tool in ongoing NLG207 clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith T Schmidt
- Clinical Pharmacology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Building 10/Room 5A03, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Alwin D R Huitema
- Department Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas P C Dorlo
- Department Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cody J Peer
- Clinical Pharmacology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Building 10/Room 5A03, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Lisa M Cordes
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Linda Sciuto
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Susan Wroblewski
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yves Pommier
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ravi A Madan
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Anish Thomas
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - William D Figg
- Clinical Pharmacology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Building 10/Room 5A03, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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31
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Cain JW, Miller KI, Kalaitzis JA, Chau R, Neilan BA. Genome mining of a fungal endophyte of Taxus yunnanensis (Chinese yew) leads to the discovery of a novel azaphilone polyketide, lijiquinone. Microb Biotechnol 2020; 13:1415-1427. [PMID: 32281262 PMCID: PMC7415360 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome mining of Ascomycete sp. F53 (F53), a fungal endophyte of the traditional Chinese medicinal plant Taxus yunnanensis (Chinese yew), revealed 35 putative specialized metabolite biosynthesis gene clusters, one of which encodes a rarely seen tandem polyketide synthase pathway with close homology to azaphilone biosynthesis pathways. A novel compound, lijiquinone 1, was subsequently isolated from F53 and structurally and functionally characterized. The m/z 385 [M + H+ ]+ compound, comprised of a cyclohexenone side group attached to a core bicyclic ring, displayed cytotoxicity against human myeloma cells (IC50 = 129 μM), as well as antifungal activity against Candida albicans (IC50 = 79 μM) and Cryptococcus albidus (IC50 = 141 μM). Our results suggest that enzymes encoded on the lij gene cluster are responsible for the synthesis of 1 and that the medicinal properties of T. yunnanensis could be partially mediated by this novel azaphilone. This study highlights the utility of combining traditional knowledge with contemporary genomic approaches for the discovery of new bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse W Cain
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Kristin I Miller
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - John A Kalaitzis
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Rocky Chau
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Brett A Neilan
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
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Hoppenz P, Els-Heindl S, Beck-Sickinger AG. Peptide-Drug Conjugates and Their Targets in Advanced Cancer Therapies. Front Chem 2020; 8:571. [PMID: 32733853 PMCID: PMC7359416 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer became recently the leading cause of death in industrialized countries. Even though standard treatments achieve significant effects in growth inhibition and tumor elimination, they cause severe side effects as most of the applied drugs exhibit only minor selectivity for the malignant tissue. Hence, specific addressing of tumor cells without affecting healthy tissue is currently a major desire in cancer therapy. Cell surface receptors, which bind peptides are frequently overexpressed on cancer cells and can therefore be considered as promising targets for selective tumor therapy. In this review, the benefits of peptides as tumor homing agents are presented and an overview of the most commonly addressed peptide receptors is given. A special focus was set on the bombesin receptor family and the neuropeptide Y receptor family. In the second part, the specific requirements of peptide-drug conjugates (PDC) and intelligent linker structures as an essential component of PDC are outlined. Furthermore, different drug cargos are presented including classical and recent toxic agents as well as radionuclides for diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. In the last part, boron neutron capture therapy as advanced targeted cancer therapy is introduced and past and recent developments are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Hoppenz
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sylvia Els-Heindl
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
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33
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Braicu C, Zanoaga O, Zimta AA, Tigu AB, Kilpatrick KL, Bishayee A, Nabavi SM, Berindan-Neagoe I. Natural compounds modulate the crosstalk between apoptosis- and autophagy-regulated signaling pathways: Controlling the uncontrolled expansion of tumor cells. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 80:218-236. [PMID: 32502598 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Due to the high number of annual cancer-related deaths, and the economic burden that this malignancy affects today's society, the study of compounds isolated from natural sources should be encouraged. Most cancers are the result of a combined effect of lifestyle, environmental factors, and genetic and hereditary components. Recent literature reveals an increase in the interest for the study of phytochemicals from traditional medicine, this being a valuable resource for modern medicine to identify novel bioactive agents with potential medicinal applications. Phytochemicals are components of traditional medicine that are showing promising application in modern medicine due to their antitumor activities. Recent studies regarding two major mechanisms underlying cancer development and regulation, apoptosis and autophagy, have shown that the signaling pathways of both these processes are significantly interconnected through various mechanisms of crosstalk. Phytochemicals are able to activate pro-autophagic and pro-apoptosis mechanisms. Understanding the molecular mechanism involved in apoptosis-autophagy relationship modulated by phytochemicals plays a key role in development of a new therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. The purpose of this review is to outline the bioactive properties of the natural phytochemicals with validated antitumor activity, focusing particularly on their role in the regulation of apoptosis and autophagy crosstalk that triggers the uncontrolled expansion of tumor cells. Furthermore, we have also critically discussed the limitations and challenges of existing research strategies and the prospective research directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Braicu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 40015, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Oana Zanoaga
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 40015, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alina-Andreea Zimta
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 40015, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adrian Bogdan Tigu
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 40015, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Babeș-Bolyai University, Faculty of Biology and Geology, 42 Republicii Street, 400015, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | | | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, 34211, USA
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1435916471, Iran
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 40015, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta", 400015, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
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Huang HW, Bow YD, Wang CY, Chen YC, Fu PR, Chang KF, Wang TW, Tseng CH, Chen YL, Chiu CC. DFIQ, a Novel Quinoline Derivative, Shows Anticancer Potential by Inducing Apoptosis and Autophagy in NSCLC Cell and In Vivo Zebrafish Xenograft Models. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12051348. [PMID: 32466291 PMCID: PMC7281296 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the deadliest cancers worldwide due to chemoresistance in patients with late-stage disease. Quinoline derivatives show biological activity against HIV, malaria, bacteriuria, and cancer. DFIQ is a novel synthetic quinoline derivative that induces cell death in both in vitro and in vivo zebrafish xenograft models. DFIQ induced cell death, including apoptosis, and the IC50 values were 4.16 and 2.31 μM at 24 and 48 h, respectively. DFIQ was also found to induce apoptotic protein cleavage and DNA damage, reduce cell cycle-associated protein expression, and disrupt reactive oxygen species (ROS) reduction, thus resulting in the accumulation of superoxide radicals. Autophagy is also a necessary process associated with chemotherapy-induced cell death. Lysosome accumulation and lysosome-associated membrane protein-2 (LAMP2) depletion were observed after DFIQ treatment, and cell death induction was restored upon treatment with the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA). Nevertheless, ROS production was found to be involved in DFIQ-induced autophagy activation and LAMP2 depletion. Our data provide the first evidence for developing DFIQ for clinical usage and show the regulatory mechanism by which DFIQ affects ROS, autophagy, and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hurng-Wern Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan;
| | - Yung-Ding Bow
- Ph.D Program in Life Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University; Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
| | - Chia-Yih Wang
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan;
| | - Yen-Chun Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (Y.-C.C.); (P.-R.F.); (K.-F.C.); (T.-W.W.)
| | - Pei-Rong Fu
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (Y.-C.C.); (P.-R.F.); (K.-F.C.); (T.-W.W.)
| | - Kuo-Feng Chang
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (Y.-C.C.); (P.-R.F.); (K.-F.C.); (T.-W.W.)
| | - Tso-Wen Wang
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (Y.-C.C.); (P.-R.F.); (K.-F.C.); (T.-W.W.)
| | - Chih-Hua Tseng
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
| | - Yeh-Long Chen
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-L.C.); (C.-C.C.); Tel.: +886-7-312-1101 (ext. 2684) (Y.-L.C.); +886-7-312-1101 (ext. 2368) (C.-C.C.); Fax: +886-7-312-5339 (Y.-L.C. & C.-C.C.)
| | - Chien-Chih Chiu
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (Y.-C.C.); (P.-R.F.); (K.-F.C.); (T.-W.W.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- The Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-L.C.); (C.-C.C.); Tel.: +886-7-312-1101 (ext. 2684) (Y.-L.C.); +886-7-312-1101 (ext. 2368) (C.-C.C.); Fax: +886-7-312-5339 (Y.-L.C. & C.-C.C.)
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Worm DJ, Els‐Heindl S, Beck‐Sickinger AG. Targeting of peptide‐binding receptors on cancer cells with peptide‐drug conjugates. Pept Sci (Hoboken) 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pep2.24171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dennis J. Worm
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Institute of BiochemistryLeipzig University Leipzig Germany
| | - Sylvia Els‐Heindl
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Institute of BiochemistryLeipzig University Leipzig Germany
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Yang F, Zhu W, Sun S, Ai Q, Edirisuriya P, Zhou K. Isolation and Structural Characterization of Specific Bacterial β-Glucuronidase Inhibitors from Noni ( Morinda citrifolia) Fruits. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:825-833. [PMID: 32083868 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
An extract of noni (Morinda citrifolia) fruits has shown potent inhibitory activity on gut bacterial β-glucuronidase, which could help reduce irinotecan-induced diarrhea. In this study, four bacterial β-glucuronidase inhibitors were obtained following bioactive assay-guided isolation, including two sesquineolignans, (7S,8S,7'R,8'R)-isoamericanol B (1) and americanol B (2), and two dineolignans, moricitrins A (3) and B (4). Compounds 2-4 are new, and the absolute configuration of compound 1 was determined for the first time. Their chemical structures were elucidated through HRESIMS and NMR spectra, and their absolute configurations were established via the comparison of the experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism spectra. These compounds showed potent inhibition against gut bacterial β-glucuronidase with IC50 values in the range 0.62-6.91 μM. The inhibition presented specificity for β-glucuronidase, as all the compounds showed no or weak effects on digestive enzymes such as α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and lipase, suggesting that their gastrointestinal side effects could be minimized. These specific inhibitors as naturally occurring dietary compounds may be developed as promising candidates to alleviate irinotecan-induced diarrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Wenjun Zhu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Shi Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Qing Ai
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Paba Edirisuriya
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Kequan Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
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Hagar M, Chaieb K, Parveen S, Ahmed H, Alnoman R. N-alkyl 2-pyridone versus O-alkyl 2-pyridol: Ultrasonic synthesis, DFT, docking studies and their antimicrobial evaluation. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.126926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Abstract
Plants are naturally God gifted for the synthesis of medicinal compound and provide a great help in a new discovery in the area of chemical diversity because of the unknown availability either as a standardized extract or as a pure compound. The medicinal plant Veronica biloba extracts obtained through Soxhlet and maceration methods were subjected to preliminary antimicrobial screening against pathogenic microorganisms. Fractionation was performed using liquid-liquid extracts such as ethyl acetate, water, dichloromethane, and hexane extract of plant, and the fractions were tested for antifungal activity and antibacterial activity using well-diffusion method at sample concentration of 10–30 μL. The result indicated that all extracts exhibited antimicrobial activity against all test pathogens. The ethyl acetate extract showed greater activity than other corresponding extracts. Among various extracts, only the ethyl acetate extract show potential against bacterial (gram negative and gram positive) and fungus test strain greater than standard Nystatin test control. Thus, the extract of Veronica biloba could be used to treat microbial (fungus and bacterial strain) infection.
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Dutt R, Garg V, Khatri N, Madan AK. Phytochemicals in Anticancer Drug Development. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2019; 19:172-183. [PMID: 30398123 DOI: 10.2174/1871520618666181106115802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In spite of major technological advances in conventional therapies, cancer continues to remain the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Phytochemicals are gradually emerging as a rich source of effective but safer agents against many life-threatening diseases. METHODS Various phytochemicals with reported anticancer activity have been simply categorized into major phytoconstituents- alkaloids, polyphenols, saponins, tannins and terpenoids. RESULTS The adverse effects associated with currently available anticancer medications may be overcome by using plant-derived compounds either alone or in combination. Exploration of plant kingdom may provide new leads for the accelerated development of new anticancer agents. CONCLUSION Although numerous potent synthetic drugs have been introduced for cancer chemotherapy, yet their serious toxicity concerns to normal cells apart from drug resistance have emerged as the major obstacles for their clinical utility over a prolonged duration of time. Current status and potential of phytochemicals and their derivatives in cancer therapy have been briefly reviewed in the present manuscript.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Dutt
- Department of Pharmacy, G.D. Goenka University, Gurgaon-122103, India
| | - Vandana Garg
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, M. D. University, Rohtak-124001, India
| | - Naveen Khatri
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pt. B. D. Sharma University of Health Sciences Rohtak- 124001, India
| | - Anil K Madan
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pt. B. D. Sharma University of Health Sciences Rohtak- 124001, India
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Wang F, Cao M, Fan M, Wu H, Huang W, Zhang Y, Hu Z, Jin X. AMPK‐mTOR‐ULK1 axis activation‐dependent autophagy promotes hydroxycamptothecin‐induced apoptosis in human bladder cancer cells. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:4302-4315. [PMID: 31621074 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feifan Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Min Cao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Mengjing Fan
- Central Lab of Biomedical Research Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital School of Medicine, Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Hongshen Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Zhenghui Hu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Xiaodong Jin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou Zhejiang China
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41
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He JS, Soo P, Evers M, Parsons KM, Hein N, Hannan KM, Hannan RD, George AJ. High-Content Imaging Approaches to Quantitate Stress-Induced Changes in Nucleolar Morphology. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2019; 16:320-332. [PMID: 30148664 DOI: 10.1089/adt.2018.861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The nucleolus is a dynamic subnuclear compartment that has a number of different functions, but its primary role is to coordinate the production and assembly of ribosomes. For well over 100 years, pathologists have used changes in nucleolar number and size to stage diseases such as cancer. New information about the nucleolus' broader role within the cell is leading to the development of drugs which directly target its structure as therapies for disease. Traditionally, it has been difficult to develop high-throughput image analysis pipelines to measure nucleolar changes due to the broad range of morphologies observed. In this study, we describe a simple high-content image analysis algorithm using Harmony software (PerkinElmer), with a PhenoLOGIC™ machine-learning component, that can measure and classify three different nucleolar morphologies based on nucleolin and fibrillarin staining ("normal," "peri-nucleolar rings" and "dispersed"). We have utilized this algorithm to determine the changes in these classes of nucleolar morphologies over time with drugs known to alter nucleolar structure. This approach could be further adapted to include other parameters required for the identification of new therapies that directly target the nucleolus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Shu He
- 1 ANU Centre for Therapeutic Discovery, The Australian National University , Acton, Australia
| | - Priscilla Soo
- 2 ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University , Acton, Australia
| | - Maurits Evers
- 2 ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University , Acton, Australia
| | - Kate M Parsons
- 1 ANU Centre for Therapeutic Discovery, The Australian National University , Acton, Australia
| | - Nadine Hein
- 2 ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University , Acton, Australia
| | - Katherine M Hannan
- 2 ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University , Acton, Australia .,3 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne , Parkville, Australia
| | - Ross D Hannan
- 2 ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University , Acton, Australia .,3 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne , Parkville, Australia .,4 Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne , Parkville, Australia .,5 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne , Parkville, Australia .,6 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University , Clayton, Australia .,7 School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland , St Lucia, Australia
| | - Amee J George
- 1 ANU Centre for Therapeutic Discovery, The Australian National University , Acton, Australia .,2 ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University , Acton, Australia .,7 School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland , St Lucia, Australia .,8 Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne , Parkville, Australia
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Barreiro EJ. What is hidden in the biodiversity? The role of natural products and medicinal chemistry in the drug discovery process. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2019; 91:e20190306. [PMID: 31365612 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201920190306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
This manuscript describes the role of natural products in the process of drug discovery. In fact, several different natural compounds have been used as inspiration to develop new drugs. Some relevant examples are presented in chronological order.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliezer J Barreiro
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas (LASSBio), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Bloco K, 2o andar, Sala 023, 21941-910 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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43
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Zeng X, Sun J, Liu C, Ji C, Peng Y. Catalytic Asymmetric Cyanation Reactions of Aldehydes and Ketones in Total Synthesis. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201900015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xing‐Ping Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Small Functional Organic MoleculeMinistry of EducationJiangxi Normal University Nanchang Jiangxi 330022 People's Republic of China
| | - Jun‐Chao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Small Functional Organic MoleculeMinistry of EducationJiangxi Normal University Nanchang Jiangxi 330022 People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Small Functional Organic MoleculeMinistry of EducationJiangxi Normal University Nanchang Jiangxi 330022 People's Republic of China
| | - Cong‐Bin Ji
- Jiangxi Provincial Research of Targeting Pharmaceutical Engineering TechnologyShangrao Normal University Shangrao Jiangxi 334001 People's Republic of China
| | - Yi‐Yuan Peng
- Key Laboratory of Small Functional Organic MoleculeMinistry of EducationJiangxi Normal University Nanchang Jiangxi 330022 People's Republic of China
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Gezici S, Şekeroğlu N. Current Perspectives in the Application of Medicinal Plants Against Cancer: Novel Therapeutic Agents. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2019; 19:101-111. [DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666181224121004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Cancer is a disease characterized by uncontrolled cell growth and proliferation. It
has become a major health problem in the past decades and is now the second leading cause of death globally.
Although, there are different types of treatment such as chemotherapy, immune therapy, radiation, hormone
therapy and targeted therapy used against cancer, they have possible side effects and significant deficiencies.
Methods:
This review aims to outline the benefits of medicinal plants and plant-derived products and highlight
why they should be used as novel anti-cancer therapeutics. Electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus,
ScienceDirect, Cochrane library, and MedlinePlus were searched to summarize in vitro, in vivo and clinical
studies on anticancer effects of medicinal plants and their bioactive compounds up-to-date.
Results:
In recent years, a number of medicinal plants have been administered to cancer patients in order to
prevent and treat cancer as an alternative therapy. These plants were used because of their rich anticarcinogenic
and chemoprotective potentials. In addition to these remarkable properties, these plants have less toxic anticancer,
anti-tumor and anti-proliferation agents than traditional therapeutics. Nevertheless, only a small number
of natural anti-tumor products including vinblastine, vincristine, podophyllotoxin, paclitaxel (Taxol) and camptothecin
have been tested clinically, while vinflunine ditartrate, anhydrovinblastine, NK-611, tafluposide, paclitaxel
poliglumex, combretastatins, salvicine, curcumin, indirubin, triptolide, homoharringtonine are still on trial.
Conclusion:
Consequently, more effective anticancer compounds are identified during the clinical trials; these
natural products could be a key source of antitumor agents in modern anticancer therapy. It is expected that
novel anticancer phytopharmaceuticals produced from medicinal plants could be effectively used in prevention
and therapy for the cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevgi Gezici
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Literature; Advanced Technology Application and Research Center, Kilis 7 Aralik University, 79000 Kilis, Turkey
| | - Nazım Şekeroğlu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture; Advanced Technology Application and Research Center, Kilis 7 Aralik University, 79000 Kilis, Turkey
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Alqahtani FY, Aleanizy FS, El Tahir E, Alkahtani HM, AlQuadeib BT. Paclitaxel. PROFILES OF DRUG SUBSTANCES, EXCIPIENTS, AND RELATED METHODOLOGY 2019; 44:205-238. [PMID: 31029218 DOI: 10.1016/bs.podrm.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Paclitaxel is the first microtubule-stabilizing agent identified and considered to be the most significant advance in chemotherapy of the past two decades. It is considered one of the most widely used antineoplastic agents with broad activity in several cancers including breast cancer, endometrial cancer, non-small-cell lung cancer, bladder cancer, and cervical carcinoma. It is also used for treating AIDS-related Kaposi sarcoma as a second line treatment. This comprehensive profile of paclitaxel gives overview of nomenclature, formulae, elemental analysis, appearance, application and uses. In addition, mechanism of action and resistance, different dosage forms and methods of drug preparation are elaborated. Moreover, the physicochemical properties involving X-ray powder diffraction pattern, drug solubility, melting point, differential scanning calorimetry, and stability were summarized. Furthermore, method of drug analysis including compendial, spectrophotometric, and chromatographic was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulwah Yahya Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fadilah Sfouq Aleanizy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eram El Tahir
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamad M Alkahtani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bushra T AlQuadeib
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan S. Bryan
- Department of Molecular and Human GeneticsBaylor College of Medicine One Baylor Plaza Alkek Building for Biomedical Research R-850 Houston TX 77030
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Chou CK, Huang HW, Yang CF, Dahms HU, Liang SS, Wang TN, Kuo PL, Hsi E, Tsai EM, Chiu CC. Reduced camptothecin sensitivity of estrogen receptor-positive human breast cancer cells following exposure to di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) is associated with DNA methylation changes. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2019; 34:401-414. [PMID: 30720231 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) has been considered as an estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) agonist due to its ability to interact with ERα and promote the cell proliferation of ERα-positive breast cancer cells. The impact of DEHP on the chemical therapy in breast cancer is little known. Two breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 (ERα-dependent) and MDA-MB-231 (ERα-independent) were examined. We found that DEHP impaired the effectiveness of camptothecin (CPT) and alleviated the CPT-induced formation of reactive oxygen species in ERα-positive MCF-7 cells, but not in ERα-negative MDA-MB-231 cells. DEHP also significantly protected MCF-7 cells against the genotoxicity of CPT. Genome-wide DNA methylation profiling revealed that after 48 hours of exposure to 100 μM DEHP, MCF-7 cells exhibited a significant change in their DNA methylation pattern, including hypermethylation of 700 genes and hypomethylation of 221 genes. The impaired therapeutic response to CPT in DEHP-exposed MCF-7 cells is probably mediated by epigenetic changes, especially through Wnt/β-catenin signaling. A zebrafish xenograft model confirmed the disruptive effect of DEHP on CPT-induced anti-growth of MCF-7 cells. In summary, DEHP exposure induces acquired CPT-resistance in breast cancer cells and epigenetic changes associated with Wnt/β-catenin signaling activation are probably depending on an ER-positive status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chon-Kit Chou
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Hurng-Wern Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Feng Yang
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hans-Uwe Dahms
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Shin Liang
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tsu-Nai Wang
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Lin Kuo
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Edward Hsi
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Eing-Mei Tsai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chih Chiu
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Translational Research Center, Cancer Center and Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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48
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Masarkar N, Mukherjee S, Goel SK, Nema R. Naturally Derived Formulations and Prospects towards Cancer. Health (London) 2019. [DOI: 10.4236/health.2019.117078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Lai CH, Chang CC, Weng YL, Chuang TH. Synthesis, Experimental and Density Functional Theory (DFT) Studies on Solubility of Camptothecin Derivatives. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23123170. [PMID: 30513778 PMCID: PMC6320962 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23123170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Two camptothecin derivatives, 10-cyclohexyl-7-methyl-20(S)-camptothecin and 7-methyl-10-morpholino-20(S)-camptothecin, were synthesized and their differences in solubility were investigated using four chosen solvent systems. Based on our results, 10-cyclohexyl-7-methyl-20(S)-camptothecin exhibited higher solubilities than 7-methyl-10-morpholino-20(S)-camptothecin in polar aprotic solvents. However, these two camptothecin derivatives did not exhibit apparent differences in solubility between 5% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)/95% normal saline co-solvent system and 5% dimethylacetamide (DMAC)/95% normal saline co-solvent system. To rationalize their differences in solubility, we also tried to perform a DFT-B3LYP study to investigate their interaction with one water molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Hung Lai
- Department of Medical Applied Chemistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Education, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Chin Chang
- Master Program for Pharmaceutical Manufacture, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Lin Weng
- Master Program for Pharmaceutical Manufacture, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Ta-Hsien Chuang
- Master Program for Pharmaceutical Manufacture, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
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Two novel camptothecin derivatives inhibit colorectal cancer proliferation via induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 123:546-559. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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