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Iqbal A, Hafeez Kamran S, Siddique F, Ishtiaq S, Hameed M, Manzoor M. Modulatory effects of rutin and vitamin A on hyperglycemia induced glycation, oxidative stress and inflammation in high-fat-fructose diet animal model. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0303060. [PMID: 38723008 PMCID: PMC11081234 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
In the current study we investigated the impact of combination of rutin and vitamin A on glycated products, the glyoxalase system, oxidative markers, and inflammation in animals fed a high-fat high-fructose (HFFD) diet. Thirty rats were randomly divided into six groups (n = 5). The treatments, metformin (120 mg/kg), rutin (100 mg/kg), vitamin A (43 IU/kg), and a combination of rutin (100 mg/kg) and vitamin A (43 IU/kg) were given to relevant groups of rats along with high-fructose high-fat diet for 42 days. HbA1c, D-lactate, Glyoxylase-1, Hexokinase 2, malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), nuclear transcription factor-B (NF-κB), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8) and histological examinations were performed after 42 days. The docking simulations were conducted using Auto Dock package. The combined effects of rutin and vitamin A in treated rats significantly (p < 0.001) reduced HbA1c, hexokinase 2, and D-lactate levels while preventing cellular damage. The combination dramatically (p < 0.001) decreased MDA, CAT, and GPx in treated rats and decreased the expression of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 andIL-8, as well as the transcription factor NF-κB. The molecular docking investigations revealed that rutin had a strong affinity for several important biomolecules, including as NF-κB, Catalase, MDA, IL-6, hexokinase 2, and GPx. The results propose beneficial impact of rutin and vitamin A as a convincing treatment strategy to treat AGE-related disorders, such as diabetes, autism, alzheimer's, atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aqsa Iqbal
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Allied Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Sairah Hafeez Kamran
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Allied Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Farhan Siddique
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Saiqa Ishtiaq
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Allama Iqbal Campus, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Misbah Hameed
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Allied Health Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Mobina Manzoor
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Allied Health Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
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Zhou M, Ma J, Kang M, Tang W, Xia S, Yin J, Yin Y. Flavonoids, gut microbiota, and host lipid metabolism. Eng Life Sci 2024; 24:2300065. [PMID: 38708419 PMCID: PMC11065335 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.202300065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are widely distributed in nature and have a variety of beneficial biological effects, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-obesity effects. All of these are related to gut microbiota, and flavonoids also serve as a bridge between the host and gut microbiota. Flavonoids are commonly used to modify the composition of the gut microbiota by promoting or inhibiting specific microbial species within the gut, as well as modifying their metabolites. In turn, the gut microbiota extensively metabolizes flavonoids. Hence, this reciprocal relationship between flavonoids and the gut microbiota may play a crucial role in maintaining the balance and functionality of the metabolism system. In this review, we mainly highlighted the biological effects of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiobesity, and discussed the interaction between flavonoids, gut microbiota and lipid metabolism, and elaborated the potential mechanisms on host lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Zhou
- College of Animal Science and TechnologyHunan Agricultural UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Jie Ma
- College of Animal Science and TechnologyHunan Agricultural UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Meng Kang
- College of Animal Science and TechnologyHunan Agricultural UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Wenjie Tang
- Sichuan Animal Science AcademyLivestock and Poultry Biological Products Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan Animtech Feed Co., LtdChengduSichuanChina
| | - Siting Xia
- College of Animal Science and TechnologyHunan Agricultural UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Jie Yin
- College of Animal Science and TechnologyHunan Agricultural UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Yulong Yin
- College of Animal Science and TechnologyHunan Agricultural UniversityChangshaChina
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Dong X, Ye Z, Li C, Li K, Zhong X, Li H. Mogroside Ⅴ Inhibits M1 Polarization and Inflammation of Diabetic Mouse Macrophages via p38 MAPK/NF-Κb Signaling Pathway. Immunol Invest 2024; 53:604-621. [PMID: 38415803 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2024.2321353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mogroside V (MV) has anti-inflammatory properties. However, its impact on macrophage polarization under diabetic condition is yet unclear. This study aimed to investigate effects and underlying mechanisms of MV on inflammatory response and M1 polarization of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) from diabetic mice. METHODS BMDMs were isolated from normal and diabetic C57BL/6 mice. LPS and IFN-γwere used to produce M1-polarized BMDMs. MV treatment was administered throughout the M1 polarization process with or without SB203580 or PDTC. Surface markers CD11b, F4/80 and CD86 of macrophages were identified using flow cytometry or immunofluorescence staining. Inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6 and phosphorylation levels of p65 and p38 were examined by western blot. RESULTS High glucose increased proportion of CD11b+F4/80+CD86+ cells, protein levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6 and phosphorylation levels of p65 and p38 in LPS+IFN-γ-induced BMDMs, while they were decreased upon MV treatment. Additionally, these effects were further downregulated when MV was co-added with SB203580 or PDTC. CONCLUSIONS MV suppressed M1 macrophage polarization and inflammatory response, which was partially through NF-κB and p38 MAPK in LPS+IFN-γ induced BMDMs under high glucose condition, implying the potential of MV in treatment for inflammatory complications of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Dong
- Department of Prosthodontics, College & Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhimao Ye
- Department of Prosthodontics, College & Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Cuiping Li
- Department of Prosthodontics, College & Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Kongmei Li
- Department of Prosthodontics, College & Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaoxia Zhong
- Department of Prosthodontics, College & Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Prosthodontics, College & Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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Fu H, He J, Li C, Chang H. Theaflavin-3,3'-Digallate Protects Liver and Kidney Functions in Diabetic Rats by Up-Regulating Circ-ITCH and Nrf2 Signaling Pathway. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024. [PMID: 38634619 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Theaflavin-3,3'-digallate (TFDG) in black tea has a strong antioxidant capacity. However, its effect on diabetic liver and kidney injury and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, our findings indicated that TFDG administration effectively lowers the fasting blood glucose and serum lipid concentrations and enhances the functionality and cellular architecture of the liver and kidney in rats with diabetes. The data also showed that TFDG mitigates oxidative harm in the liver and kidney of rats afflicted with diabetes. Additionally, metformin combined with TFDG was significantly more effective in reducing blood glucose and oxidative stress. Further studies suggested that TFDG upregulates the Nrf2 signal pathway and circ-ITCH (hsa_circ_0001141) expression. Silencing of circ-ITCH by transfection of the interfering plasmid apparently reduces the effects of TFDG on the Nrf2 signal pathway and oxidative stress in high-glucose-treated hepatic and renal cells. In conclusion, the present study highlights the great potential of TFDG in ameliorating diabetic liver and kidney injury by up-regulating circ-ITCH to promote the Nrf2 signal pathway and provides a potential option for the prevention and treatment of diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjuan Fu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jianbo He
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Cong Li
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Hui Chang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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Noori Z, Sharifi M, Dastghaib S, Kejani FB, Roohy F, Ansari Z, Maleki MH, Siri M, Shafiee SM. Quercetin declines LPS induced inflammation and augments adiponectin expression in 3T3-L1 differentiated adipocytes SIRT-1 dependently. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:445. [PMID: 38520487 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09334-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation is an important factor contributing to obesity-induced metabolic disorders. Different investigations confirm that local inflammation in adipose issues is the primary reason for such disorder, resulting in low-grade systemic inflammation. Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and epigenetic modification are among the varied properties of Quercetin (QCT) as a natural flavonoid. OBJECTIVE The precise molecular mechanism followed by QCT to alleviate inflammation has been unclear. This study explores whether the anti-inflammatory effects of QCT in 3T3-L1 differentiated adipocytes may rely on SIRT-1. METHODS The authors isolated 3T3-L1 pre-adipocyte cells and exposed them to varying concentrations of QCT, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and a selective inhibitor of silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT-1) called EX-527. After determining the optimal dosages of QCT, LPS, and EX-527, they assessed the mRNA expression levels of IL-18, IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α, SIRT-1, and adiponectin using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). RESULTS The study showed considerable cytotoxic effects of LPS (200 ng/mL) + QCT (100 µM) + EX-527 (10 µM) on 3T3-L1 differentiated adipocytes after 48 h of incubation. QCT significantly upregulated the expression levels of adiponectin and SIRT-1 (p < 0.0001). However, introducing SIRT-1 inhibitor (p < 0.0001) reversed the impact of QCT on adiponectin expression. Additionally, QCT reduced SIRT-1-dependent pro-inflammatory cytokines in 3T3-L1 differentiated adipocytes (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION This study revealed that QCT treatment reduced crucial pro-inflammatory cytokines levels and increased adiponectin levels following LPS treatment. This finding implies that SIRT-1 may be a crucial factor for the anti-inflammatory activity of QCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Noori
- Department of Anatomical sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sharifi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sanaz Dastghaib
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
- Autophagy Research center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Basiri Kejani
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of advanced sciences and technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Roohy
- Department of Genetics, Islamic Azad University, Kazerun, Iran
| | - Zahra Ansari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Technology, Shahid Ashrafi Esfahani university, Esfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hasan Maleki
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Morvarid Siri
- Autophagy Research Centre, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sayed Mohammad Shafiee
- Autophagy Research Centre, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Wang FH, Tan HX, Hu JH, Duan XY, Bai WT, Wang XB, Wang BL, Su Y, Hu JP. Inhibitory interaction of flavonoids with organic anion transporter 3 and their structure-activity relationships for predicting nephroprotective effects. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2024; 26:353-371. [PMID: 37589480 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2023.2240722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
The organic anion transporter 3 (OAT3), an important renal uptake transporter, is associated with drug-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). Screening and identifying potent OAT3 inhibitors with little toxicity in natural products, especially flavonoids, in reducing OAT3-mediated AKI is of great value. The five strongest OAT3 inhibitors from the 97 flavonoids markedly decreased aristolochic acid I-induced cytotoxicity and alleviated methotrexate-induced nephrotoxicity. The pharmacophore model clarified hydrogen bond acceptors and hydrophobic groups are the critical pharmacophores. These findings would provide valuable information in predicting the potential risks of flavonoid-containing food/herb-drug interactions and optimizing flavonoid structure to alleviate OAT3-related AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-He Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Non-Clinical Drug Metabolism and PK/PD study, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drug Ability Evaluation, Department of Drug Metabolism, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hui-Xin Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Non-Clinical Drug Metabolism and PK/PD study, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drug Ability Evaluation, Department of Drug Metabolism, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jia-Huan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Non-Clinical Drug Metabolism and PK/PD study, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drug Ability Evaluation, Department of Drug Metabolism, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Department of Health Management and Service, Cangzhou Medical College, Cangzhou 061001, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Non-Clinical Drug Metabolism and PK/PD study, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drug Ability Evaluation, Department of Drug Metabolism, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wan-Ting Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Non-Clinical Drug Metabolism and PK/PD study, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drug Ability Evaluation, Department of Drug Metabolism, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xin-Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Non-Clinical Drug Metabolism and PK/PD study, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drug Ability Evaluation, Department of Drug Metabolism, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Bao-Lian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Non-Clinical Drug Metabolism and PK/PD study, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drug Ability Evaluation, Department of Drug Metabolism, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yan Su
- Department of Health Management and Service, Cangzhou Medical College, Cangzhou 061001, China
| | - Jin-Ping Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Non-Clinical Drug Metabolism and PK/PD study, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drug Ability Evaluation, Department of Drug Metabolism, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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Wang P, Liu Y, Kang SY, Lyu C, Han X, Ho T, Lee KJ, Meng X, Park YK, Jung HW. Clean-DM1, a Korean Polyherbal Formula, Improves High Fat Diet-Induced Diabetic Symptoms in Mice by Regulating IRS/PI3K/AKT and AMPK Expressions in Pancreas and Liver Tissues. Chin J Integr Med 2024; 30:125-134. [PMID: 37118530 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-023-3548-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of Clean-DM1 (C-DM1), a polyherbal formulation of Radix Scrophulariae, Radix Astragali, Rhizoma Atractylodis, and Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced diabetes mice. METHODS The information about active components of C-DM1 extract and molecular mechanism was obtained from network pharmacology analysis. Main compounds of C-DM1 extract by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) analysis were conducted for quality control. For in vivo study, mice were induced diabetes by HFD for 12 weeks. The mice in the normal group (Nor) were maintained with a regular diet and treated with saline by gavage. The HFD model mice were randomly divided into 3 groups, including a HFD diabetic model group, a C-DM1 extract-administered group (C-DM1, 500 mg/kg), and metformin-administered groups (Met, 500 mg/kg), 8 mice in each group. Food intake, body weight (BW), and fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels were recorded weekly for 4 weeks. After 4 weeks of treatment, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), blood glucose, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were determined using an automated clinical chemistry analyzer, and homeostatic model for assessing insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) levels and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were detected. The histopathological changes of liver and pancreatic tissues were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Insulin receptor substrate (IRS)/phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/ protein kinase B (AKT) and adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) expressions in liver and pancreas tissues were detected by Western blot analysis. RESULTS HPLC-MS identified dihydroisotanshinone, dihydroisotanshinone I, cryptotanshinone, harpagoside, and atractyloside A in C-DM1 extract. The administration of C-DM1 extract significantly decreased body weight, calorie intake, and the levels of blood glucose and insulin in the diabetic mice (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The C-DM1 extract administration improved the impaired glucose tolerance and insulin resistance in the diabetic mice and significantly decreased the levels of LDL-C, ALT and AST (P<0.01). The C-DM1 extract inhibited the histopathological changes of fatty liver and hyperplasia of pancreatic islets in the diabetic mice. The C-DM1 extract significantly increased the phosphorylation of IRS, AKT, and AMPK and the expression of PI3K in pancreas and liver tissues (P<0.05 or P<0.01), which was consistent with the analysis results of network pharmacology. CONCLUSION C-DM1 extract improved diabetes symptoms in long-term HFD-induced mice by regulation of IRS/PI3K/AKT and AMPK expressions in pancreas and liver tissues, suggesting that C-DM1 formulation may help prevent the progression of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piao Wang
- Department of Herbology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066, Korea
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Herbology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066, Korea
- College of Pharmacy & Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Korea
| | - Seok Yong Kang
- Department of Herbology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066, Korea
- Korean Medicine R&D Center, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066, Korea
| | - Chenzi Lyu
- Department of Herbology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066, Korea
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Herbal Medicines Processing, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi Province, 030619, China
| | - Xiang Han
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Herbal Medicines Processing, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi Province, 030619, China
| | - Tianjun Ho
- Department of Herbology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066, Korea
| | - Kyung Jae Lee
- Department of Herbology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066, Korea
| | - Xianglong Meng
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Herbal Medicines Processing, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi Province, 030619, China
| | - Yong-Ki Park
- Department of Herbology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066, Korea
- Korean Medicine R&D Center, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066, Korea
| | - Hyo Won Jung
- Department of Herbology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066, Korea.
- Korean Medicine R&D Center, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38066, Korea.
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Yao Y, Chen Y, Chen H, Pan X, Li X, Liu W, Bahetjan Y, Lu B, Pang K, Yang X, Pang Z. Black mulberry extract inhibits hepatic adipogenesis through AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway in T2DM mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117216. [PMID: 37741475 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Black mulberry (Morus nigra L.) is an ancient dual-use plant resource for medicine and food. It is widely used in Uyghur folklore for hypoglycemic treatment and is a folkloric plant medicine with regional characteristics. However, the mechanism of Morus nigra L. treatment in diabetes mellitus has not been fully understood, especially from the perspective of hepatic lipid accumulation is less reported. OBJECTIVE OF THIS STUDY This study was to explore the potential of Morus nigra L. fruit ethyl acetate extract (MNF-EA) to reduce blood sugar levels by preventing the production of hepatic lipogenesis and to provide more evidence for the use of MNF-EA as an adjuvant therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, the chemical composition of MNF-EA was first analyzed and characterized using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS technique. A series of in vitro studies were performed with HepG2-IR cells and oleic acid (OA)-induced HepG2 cells, including MTT assay, glucose uptake assay, oil red O staining and Western blot analysis. The STZ-HFD co-induced T2DM mice were employed for in vivo research, including physical indices, biochemical analysis, histopathological examination, and Western blot analysis. RESULTS The 19 compounds in MNF-EA were identified by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS technique. Insulin resistance (IR) and lipid droplet accumulation in HepG2 cells were greatly improved by MNF-EA treatment, which had no appreciable side effects at the dosage used. In T2DM mice, MNF-EA decreased fasting blood glucose (FBG), saved body weight, and significantly improved oral glucose tolerance (OGTT) and IR status. In addition, MNF-EA treatment also improved lipid metabolism disorders and liver function in T2DM mice. Histopathological sections showed that MNF-EA treatment reduced hepatic steatosis. Mechanistic studies suggest that MNF-EA acted through the AMPK/mTOR pathway. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that MNF-EA has great potential to reverse the metabolic abnormalities associated with T2DM by regulating the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway. Therefore, we believe that MNF is a promising medicinal and food-homologous agent to improve T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudi Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Huijian Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xin Pan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xiaojun Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Wenqi Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yerlan Bahetjan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Binan Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Kejian Pang
- College of Biological and Geographical Sciences, Yili Normal University, Yining, 835000, China
| | - Xinzhou Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Zongran Pang
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China.
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9
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Bi Y, Lv C, Zhu J, Zhou Q, Xu X, Yang S, Shi D, Zhou Q, Dai Y. Effects of Hawthorn Flavonoids on Intestinal Microbial Community and Metabolic Phenotype in Obese Rats. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024:e2300514. [PMID: 38217312 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Obesity (OB) is a prevalent metabolic disorder. With the advancement of the economy, the prevention and treatment of obesity is a big problem for the global community. The methods to lose weight include exercise, diet, medicine, and surgery. Compared with other methods, diet regulation is safer and more effective. Hawthorn fruit has the effect of reducing weight, but the mechanism of effectiveness are not clear. In this study, obesity model rats are used to conduct scientific pharmacological research on hawthorn flavonoids. Hawthorn flavonoids can effectively improve the body weight, lipid accumulation, and lipid levels of obese rats. The contents of the colon of rats are analyzed using 16S rDNA sequencing technology. The intestinal microflora in obese rats changed significantly after flavonoids treatment, and they tended to be the control group. Based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, serum metabolomics showed that the metabolites in the serum changed significantly, after hawthorn flavonoids treatment. Hawthorn flavonoids are especially involved in the biological processes of grade bile acid biosynthesis, histidine metabolism, and lipid metabolism. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the disorder of intestinal microorganisms is connected to changes in serum metabolites. These findings give a new idea about how hawthorn flavonoids help with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Bi
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 4655 University Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250355, China
| | - Chang Lv
- Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, No.7 Yanzi Shanxi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Juanjuan Zhu
- Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, No.7 Yanzi Shanxi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Qiao Zhou
- Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, No.7 Yanzi Shanxi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Xu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 4655 University Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250355, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 4655 University Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250355, China
| | - Dianhua Shi
- Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, No.7 Yanzi Shanxi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, No.7 Yanzi Shanxi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Yanpeng Dai
- Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, No.7 Yanzi Shanxi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
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10
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Kamran SH, Ahmad M, Ishtiaq S, Ajaib M, Razashah SH, Shahwar DE. Metabolite profiling and biochemical investigation of the antidiabetic potential of Loranthus pulverulentus Wall n-butanol fraction in diabetic animal models. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 318:116963. [PMID: 37495027 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Globally, 537 million individuals are estimated to have diabetes. The traditional use of herbs for ameliorating diabetes symptoms is a common practice in Pakistan and use of Loranthus pulverulentus Wall (L. pulverulentus) by local people in Azad Jammu and Kashmir has been reported. AIM OF THE STUDY In the present study, the antidiabetic potential of standardized n-butanol fraction of leaves of L. pulverulentus Wall, which is a parasite of Dalbergia sisso Roxb was assessed in both alloxan (ALX) and streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic animal models. MATERIALS AND METHODS Chemical characterization of BF was performed using HPLC, GCMS and UHPLC-MS. The effect of the fraction (250 mg/kg) on insulin, plasma free fatty acids, L-lactate, pyruvate, MDA, HbA1c and glycogen levels in ALX and STZ animal models was determined. Liver and renal profiles were analyzed in the STZ model. Toxicological studies were performed by hemolytic, Ames mutagenicity, DNA protection, and thrombolytic assays. Histopathological analysis of the pancreas, liver, and kidney was performed. RESULTS BF demonstrated highly significant (p < 0.001) antidiabetic potential in both diabetic models. BF significantly (p < 0.05) improved OGTT results in alloxanized diabetic mice and blocked the absorption of glucose from the gut. A significant (p < 0.001) increase in insulin levels and glycogen content in liver tissue and a decrease in plasma FFA, MDA, HbA1c, L-lactate, and pyruvate levels in STZ-diabetic mice were recorded. GC-MS and chromatographic analysis showed the presence of catechin, eugenol, longifolene, caryophyllene, Ar-tumerone and Geranyl-alpha-terpinene. Various metabolites with antidiabetic potential, including 4-hydroxycinnamyl alcohol 4-D-glucoside, zingerone glucoside, trans-trismethoxy resveratrol-d4, epigallocatechin 3-O-cinnamate, and β-glucogallin, were identified using UHPLC-MS. Animals treated with BF showed marked improvements in cellular structures of the pancreas, liver and kidneys. This fraction is non-mutagenic and protects the DNA. CONCLUSION The experimental fraction contained potential antidiabetic bioactive compounds responsible for alleviating diabetes-associated biochemical dysregulation. The fraction increased insulin levels and enhanced glycogen storage in muscles and the liver. It blocked glucose absorption from the intestine and substantially decreased HbA1c, lactate, pyruvate, free fatty acids, lipid, liver and kidney damage. Therefore, the use of BF for the treatment of type-2 diabetes may be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sairah Hafeez Kamran
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54000, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Mobasher Ahmad
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54000, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Saiqa Ishtiaq
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54000, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Ajaib
- Department of Botany, Mirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST), Mirpur, 10250, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan.
| | | | - Durr-E Shahwar
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Punjab, Pakistan.
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11
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Shi R, Chen D, Ji M, Zhou B, Zhang Z, Zhang C, Li M. Network pharmacology-based screening of the active ingredients and mechanisms of Cymbaria daurica against diabetes mellitus. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2023.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
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12
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Cheng L, Shi L, He C, Wang C, Lv Y, Li H, An Y, Duan Y, Dai H, Zhang H, Huang Y, Fu W, Sun W, Zhao B. Mulberry leaf flavonoids activate BAT and induce browning of WAT to improve type 2 diabetes via regulating the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway. Chin J Nat Med 2023; 21:812-829. [PMID: 38035937 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(23)60481-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaf is a well-established traditional Chinese botanical and culinary resource. It has found widespread application in the management of diabetes. The bioactive constituents of mulberry leaf, specifically mulberry leaf flavonoids (MLFs), exhibit pronounced potential in the amelioration of type 2 diabetes (T2D). This potential is attributed to their ability to safeguard pancreatic β cells, enhance insulin resistance, and inhibit α-glucosidase activity. Our antecedent research findings underscore the substantial therapeutic efficacy of MLFs in treating T2D. However, the precise mechanistic underpinnings of MLF's anti-T2D effects remain the subject of inquiry. Activation of brown/beige adipocytes is a novel and promising strategy for T2D treatment. In the present study, our primary objective was to elucidate the impact of MLFs on adipose tissue browning in db/db mice and 3T3-L1 cells and elucidate its underlying mechanism. The results manifested that MLFs reduced body weight and food intake, alleviated hepatic steatosis, improved insulin sensitivity, and increased lipolysis and thermogenesis in db/db mice. Moreover, MLFs activated brown adipose tissue (BAT) and induced the browning of inguinal white adipose tissue (IWAT) and 3T3-L1 adipocytes by increasing the expressions of brown adipocyte marker genes and proteins such as uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) and beige adipocyte marker genes such as transmembrane protein 26 (Tmem26), thereby promoting mitochondrial biogenesis. Mechanistically, MLFs facilitated the activation of BAT and the induction of WAT browning to ameliorate T2D primarily through the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) signaling pathway. These findings highlight the unique capacity of MLF to counteract T2D by enhancing BAT activation and inducing browning of IWAT, thereby ameliorating glucose and lipid metabolism disorders. As such, MLFs emerge as a prospective and innovative browning agent for the treatment of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Cheng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China; Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Lu Shi
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Changhao He
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Chen Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yinglan Lv
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Huimin Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yongcheng An
- College of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yuhui Duan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Hongyu Dai
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Huilin Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yan Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Wanxin Fu
- College of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Weiguang Sun
- GuangZhou Baiyunshan Xingqun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510288, China.
| | - Baosheng Zhao
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
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Song L, Li G, Guan W, Zeng Z, Ou Y, Zhao T, Li J, He D, Fang X, Zhang Y, Wu JQ, Tong R, Yao H. Design, synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity study of lansiumamide analogues for treatment of acute lung injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115412. [PMID: 37660652 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is an inflammation-mediated respiratory disease with a high mortality rate. Medications with anti-inflammatory small molecules have been demonstrated in phase I and II clinical trials to considerably reduce the ALI mortality. In this study, two series of lansiumamide analogues were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity for ALI treatment. We found that compound 8n exhibited the best anti-inflammatory activity through inhibiting LPS-induced expression of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in Raw264.7 cells and activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Furthermore, we discovered in a LPS-induced ALI mice model that compound 8n significantly reduced the infiltration of inflammatory cells into lung tissue to achieve the effect of protecting lung tissues and improving ALI. Additionally, our mice model study revealed that compound 8n had a good expectorant effect. These results consistently support that lansiumamide analogue 8n represents a new class of anti-inflammatory agents with potential as a lead compound for further development into a therapeutic drug for ALI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Song
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Gang Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, China
| | - Wen Guan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, China
| | - Zhijun Zeng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, China
| | - Yanghui Ou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, China
| | - Tongchao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jiayu Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, China
| | - Dengqin He
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, 22 Dongchengcun, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Xiangxiang Fang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, China
| | - Yali Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, China
| | - Jia-Qiang Wu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, 22 Dongchengcun, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Rongbiao Tong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, China; Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clearwater Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Hongliang Yao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, China.
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Kurek JM, Mikołajczyk-Stecyna J, Krejpcio Z. Steviol glycosides from Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni mitigate lipid metabolism abnormalities in diabetes by modulating selected gene expression - An in vivo study. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115424. [PMID: 37677968 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In diabetes, in parallel to hyperglycaemia, elevated serum lipids are also diagnosed, representing a high-risk factor for coronary heart disease and cardiovascular complications. The objective of this study was to unravel the mechanisms that underlie the potential of steviol glycosides (stevioside or rebaudioside A) administered at two doses (500 or 2500 mg/kg body weight for 5 weeks) to regulate lipid metabolism. In this paper, the expression of selected genes responsible for glucose and lipid metabolism (Glut4, Pparγ, Cebpa, Fasn, Lpl and Egr1) in the peripheral tissues (adipose, liver and muscle tissue) was determined using quantitative real-time PCR method. It was found that the supplementation of steviol glycosides affected the expression of Glut4, Cebpa and Fasn genes, depending on the type of the glycoside and its dose, as well as the type of tissue, whish in part may explain the lipid-regulatory potential of steviol glycosides in hyperglycaemic conditions. Nevertheless, more in-depth studies, including human trials, are needed to confirm these effects, before steviol glycosides can be used in the therapy of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Michał Kurek
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Joanna Mikołajczyk-Stecyna
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Zbigniew Krejpcio
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland.
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15
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Zhao Z, Gao W, Ding X, Xu X, Xiao C, Mao G, Xing W. The association between dietary intake of flavonoids and its subclasses and the risk of metabolic syndrome. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1195107. [PMID: 37476404 PMCID: PMC10354435 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1195107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The healthiest way to prevent metabolic syndrome (MetS) is through behavioral and nutritional adjustments. We examined the relationship between total flavonoids intake, flavonoid subclasses, and clinically manifest MetS. Methods A cross-sectional analysis was conducted among 28,719 individuals from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and Food and Nutrient Database for Dietary Studies (FNDDS) 2007-2011 and 2017-2018. Two 24-h reviews were conducted to determine flavonoids intake and subclasses. The link between flavonoids intake and MetS was investigated using a multivariate logistic regression model. Results Q2 and Q3 of total flavonoids intake were associated with 20 and 19% lower risk of incident MetS after adjusting age and sex. Anthocyanidins and flavanones intake in Q2 and Q3 substantially reduced the MetS risk compared to Q1. MetS risk decreased steadily as the total intake of flavonoids increased to 237.67 mg/d. Flavanones and anthocyanidins also displayed V-shaped relationship curves (34.37 and 23.13 mg/d). Conclusion MetS was adversely linked with total flavonoids intake, flavanones, and anthocyanidins. Moreover, the most effective doses of total flavonoids, flavanones, and anthocyanidins were 237.67, 34.37, and 23.13 mg/d, respectively, potentially preventing MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenlei Zhao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenyan Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaogang Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Changqian Xiao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Genxiang Mao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenmin Xing
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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16
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Millán-Laleona A, Bielsa FJ, Aranda-Cañada E, Gómez-Rincón C, Errea P, López V. Antioxidant, Antidiabetic, and Anti-Obesity Properties of Apple Pulp Extracts ( Malus domestica Bork): A Comparative Study of 15 Local and Commercial Cultivars from Spain. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:891. [PMID: 37508324 PMCID: PMC10376420 DOI: 10.3390/biology12070891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Apples (Malus domestica Borkh.) have a great agricultural and economic impact worldwide; they also present an interesting nutritional value, and their consumption has been associated with beneficial health effects. In this study, 15 apple varieties (three commercial, 12 autochthonous genotypes) were collected from mountainous areas in Spain and were evaluated for their phenolic content, antioxidant, anti-obesity and antidiabetic activities. Quercetin was tested as the reference substance in bioassays due to its role as one of the most common flavonoids in apples and other vegetables. Total Phenolic Content (TPC) of apple pulp extracts was quantified using the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The antioxidant activity was determined by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging and xanthine/xanthine oxidase (X/XO) scavenging assays. Antidiabetic and anti-obesity potential were evaluated by inhibition of alpha-glucosidase (α-GLU), advance glycation end products (AGEs) formation and pancreatic lipase. The results showed in general higher phenol content in autochthonous varieties than in commercial apple pulp extracts. Phenolic-rich extracts showed better antioxidant profiles and significantly inhibited AGEs production and the α-glucosidase enzyme in a dose-dependent manner. None of them showed pancreatic lipase inhibitory effects but in general, the genotype known as "Amarilla de Octubre" was the best in terms of TPC and bioactive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Millán-Laleona
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad San Jorge, 50830 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Bielsa
- Unidad de Hortofruticultura, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón (CITA), 50059 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Eduardo Aranda-Cañada
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad San Jorge, 50830 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Carlota Gómez-Rincón
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2, CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pilar Errea
- Unidad de Hortofruticultura, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón (CITA), 50059 Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2, CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Víctor López
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad San Jorge, 50830 Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2, CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
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Nabil-Adam A, E. Elnosary M, L. Ashour M, M. Abd El-Moneam N, A. Shreadah M. Flavonoids Biosynthesis in Plants as a Defense Mechanism: Role and Function Concerning Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetic Properties. FLAVONOID METABOLISM - RECENT ADVANCES AND APPLICATIONS IN CROP BREEDING 2023. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.108637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are a major class of secondary metabolites that comprises more than 6000 compounds that have been identified. They are biosynthesized via the phenylpropanoid metabolic pathway that involves groups of enzymes such as isomerases, hydroxylases, and reductases that greatly affect the determination of the flavonoid skeleton. For example, transferase enzymes responsible for the modification of sugar result in changes in the physiological activity of the flavonoids and changes in their physical properties, such as solubility, reactivity, and interaction with cellular target molecules, which affect their pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetic properties. In addition, flavonoids have diverse biological activities such as antioxidants, anticancer, and antiviral in managing Alzheimer’s disease. However, most marine flavonoids are still incompletely discovered because marine flavonoid biosynthesis is produced and possesses unique substitutions that are not commonly found in terrestrial bioactive compounds. The current chapter will illustrate the importance of flavonoids’ role in metabolism and the main difference between marine and terrestrial flavonoids.
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Deng JP, Liu X, Li Y, Ni SH, Sun SN, Ou-Yang XL, Ye XH, Wang LJ, Lu L. Drug vector representation and potential efficacy prediction based on graph representation learning and transcriptome data: Acacetin from traditional Chinese Medicine model. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 305:115966. [PMID: 36572325 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Acacetin is widely distributed in traditional Chinese medicine and traditional herbs, with strong biological activity. Perhaps there are many potential effects that have not been explored. In the field of drug discovery, Mainstream methods focus on chemical structure. Traditional medicine cannot adapt to the mainstream prediction methods due to its complex composition. AIM OF THE STUDY Our aim is that provide a prediction method more suitable for traditional medicine by graph representation learning and transcriptome data. And use this method to predict acacetin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Our method mainly consists of two parts. The first part is to use the method of graph representation learning to vectorize drugs as a database. The original data of this part comes from transcriptome data on Gene Expression Omnibus. The method of graph representation learning is an unsupervised learning. If there is no prior knowledge as the label data, the training effect cannot be analyzed. Therefore, we define a standard score to evaluate our results through the idea of Jaccard index. The second part is to put the target drug into our database. The potential similarity between drugs was evaluated by the Euclidean distance between vectors, and the potential efficacy of the target drug is predicted by combining the chemical-disease relationship data in the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database. The target drug in this paper uses acacetin. We compared the predicted results with existing reports, and we also experimentally verified the efficacy of improving insulin resistance in the predicted results. RESULTS The prediction results are relatively consistent with the existing reports, which demonstrated that our method has a certain degree of predictive performance. And for the efficacy of improving insulin resistance in the predicted result, we verified it through experiments. CONCLUSIONS We propose a method to predict the potential efficacy of drugs based on transcriptome data, using Graph representation learning, which is very suitable for traditional medicine. Through this method, we predicted the efficacy of acacetin, and the results are relatively consistent with the current reports. This provides a new idea for unsupervised learning to apply medical information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ping Deng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; University Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Xin Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; University Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Yue Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; University Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Shi-Hao Ni
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; University Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Shu-Ning Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; University Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Xiao-Lu Ou-Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; University Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510407, China
| | - Xiao-Han Ye
- Dongguan Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China.
| | - Ling-Jun Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; University Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510407, China.
| | - Lu Lu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510407, China; University Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510407, China.
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Chen X, Yang Z, Du L, Guan Y, Li Y, Liu C. Study on the active ingredients and mechanism of action of Jiaotai Pill in the treatment of type 2 diabetes based on network pharmacology: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e33317. [PMID: 37000070 PMCID: PMC10063286 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000033317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
To explore the potential active ingredients and related mechanisms of Jiaotai Pill in the treatment of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. The main active components of Jiaotai Pills were obtained by TCMSP and BATMAN-TCM database combined with literature mining, and the targets of the active components of Jiaotai Pills were predicted by reverse pharmacophore matching (PharmMapper) method. Verifying and normalizing the obtained action targets by using a Uniprot database. Obtaining T2DM related targets through GeneCards, the online mendelian inheritance in man, DrugBank, PharmGKB and therapeutic target databases, constructing a Venn diagram by using a Venny 2.1 online drawing platform to obtain the intersection action targets of Jiaotai pills and T2DM, and the protein-protein interaction network was constructed by String platform. Bioconductor platform and R language were used to analyze the function of gene ontology and the pathway enrichment of Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. A total of 21 active components and 262 potential targets of Jiaotai Pill were screened by database analysis and literature mining, including 89 targets related to T2DM. Through gene ontology functional enrichment analysis, 1690 biological process entries, 106 molecular function entries and 78 cellular component entries were obtained. Seven pathways related to T2DM were identified by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis. Jiaotai Pill can achieve the purpose of treating T2DM through multiple active ingredients, multiple disease targets, multiple biological pathways and multiple pathways, which provides a theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of T2DM by Jiaotai Pill.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Chen
- Hei Long Jiang University of CM, Harbin, China
| | - Zhao Yang
- Hei Long Jiang University of CM, Harbin, China
| | - Lin Du
- Hei Long Jiang University of CM, Harbin, China
| | - Yuxin Guan
- Hei Long Jiang University of CM, Harbin, China
| | - Yunfang Li
- Hei Long Jiang University of CM, Harbin, China
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20
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Nascimento GO, Marques SPD, Maia CEG, de Sousa AF, Cunha RL, Malta MR, Owen RW, Ferreira MKA, da Silva AW, Rebouças EL, de Menezes JESA, Marinho MM, Marinho ES, Dos Santos HS, Saliba ASMC, Massarioli AP, Alencar SM, Sartori AGO, Trevisan MTS. Hypoglycemic effect of Coffea arabica leaf extracts and major bioactive constituents. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:14871-14886. [PMID: 36927332 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2188421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
The present study focused on investigating the antioxidant, antiglycation activity, digestive enzymes inhibition, bioaccessibility and hypoglycemic effect of C. arabica leaves extracts. The extracts deactivated the O2•-, ROO•, H2O2, HOCl reactive oxygen species. Coffee leaves showed strong inhibition of α-glucosidase (IC50 = 40.30 μg mL-1) greater than the isolated metabolites and acarbose. There was also inhibition of pancreatic lipase (IC50 = 56.43 μg mL-1) in addition to a hypoglycemic effect in zebrafish similar to acarbose and metformin. With the exception of rutin, all biocompounds were detected at all stages of in vitro digestion. Finally, these results suggest that C. arabica leaf extracts possess antidiabetic and anti-obesity properties that can be attributed to the main metabolites and the synergistic action between them.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- G O Nascimento
- Departamento de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - S P D Marques
- Departamento de Química, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Ceará, Quixadá, CE, Brazil
| | - C E G Maia
- Departamento de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - A F de Sousa
- Departamento de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - R L Cunha
- Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais (EPAMIG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - M R Malta
- Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais (EPAMIG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - R W Owen
- Departamento de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - M K A Ferreira
- Postgraduate Program in Natural Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
- Itaperi Campus, Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry - LQPN-S, State University of Ceará, Science and Technology Center (CCT), Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - A W da Silva
- Itaperi Campus, Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry - LQPN-S, State University of Ceará, Science and Technology Center (CCT), Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
- Northeast Biotechnology Network, Graduate Program of Biotechnology, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - E L Rebouças
- Northeast Biotechnology Network, Graduate Program of Biotechnology, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - J E S A de Menezes
- Itaperi Campus, Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry - LQPN-S, State University of Ceará, Science and Technology Center (CCT), Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - M M Marinho
- Group of Theoretical Chemistry and Electrochemistry(GQTE), State University of Ceará, Limoeiro do Norte, CE, Brazil
| | - E S Marinho
- Group of Theoretical Chemistry and Electrochemistry(GQTE), State University of Ceará, Limoeiro do Norte, CE, Brazil
| | - H S Dos Santos
- Center for Exact Sciences and Technology, Vale do Acarau State University, Sobral, CE, Brazil
| | - A S M C Saliba
- Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - A P Massarioli
- Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - S M Alencar
- Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - A G O Sartori
- Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - M T S Trevisan
- Departamento de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
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21
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Modulating Inflammation-Mediated Diseases via Natural Phenolic Compounds Loaded in Nanocarrier Systems. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020699. [PMID: 36840021 PMCID: PMC9964760 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The global increase and prevalence of inflammatory-mediated diseases have been a great menace to human welfare. Several works have demonstrated the anti-inflammatory potentials of natural polyphenolic compounds, including flavonoid derivatives (EGCG, rutin, apigenin, naringenin) and phenolic acids (GA, CA, etc.), among others (resveratrol, curcumin, etc.). In order to improve the stability and bioavailability of these natural polyphenolic compounds, their recent loading applications in both organic (liposomes, micelles, dendrimers, etc.) and inorganic (mesoporous silica, heavy metals, etc.) nanocarrier technologies are being employed. A great number of studies have highlighted that, apart from improving their stability and bioavailability, nanocarrier systems also enhance their target delivery, while reducing drug toxicity and adverse effects. This review article, therefore, covers the recent advances in the drug delivery of anti-inflammatory agents loaded with natural polyphenolics by the application of both organic and inorganic nanocarriers. Even though nanocarrier technology offers a variety of possible anti-inflammatory advantages to naturally occurring polyphenols, the complexes' inherent properties and mechanisms of action have not yet been fully investigated. Thus, expanding the quest on novel natural polyphenolic-loaded delivery systems, together with the optimization of complexes' activity toward inflammation, will be a new direction of future efforts.
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22
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Fu X, Tan Y, Shi M, Zeng C, Qin S. Multi-Index Comprehensive Assessment Optimized Critical Flavonoids Extraction from Semen Hoveniae and Their In Vitro Digestive Behavior Evaluation. Foods 2023; 12:foods12040773. [PMID: 36832847 PMCID: PMC9955648 DOI: 10.3390/foods12040773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Critical flavonoids from Semen Hoveniae have huge potential bioactivities on hypoglycemic. A multi-index comprehensive assessment based on Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method was performed to optimize the extraction process of flavonoids from Semen Hoveniae, which taking dihydromyricetin, taxifolin, myricetin and quercetin as indexes, and, then, an in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion model was established to investigate the changes of flavonoids contents and their antioxidant capacity before and after digestion. The results showed that three influence factors acted significantly with the order of ethanol concentration > solid-liquid ratio > ultrasound time. The optimized extraction parameters were as follows: 1:37 w/v of solid-liquid ratio, 68% of ethanol concentration and 45 min for ultrasonic time. During in vitro digestion, the order of remaining ratio of four flavonoids in the extract was dihydromyricetin > taxifolin > myricetin > quercetin in gastric digestion, and remaining ratio of taxifolin was 34.87% while others were restructured in intestinal digestion. Furthermore, the 1,1-dipheny-2-picryhydrazyl free radical (DPPH ·) scavenging ability and oxygen radical absorption capacity (ORAC) of extract were more stable in gastric digestion. After an hour's intestinal digestion, the extract had no DPPH antioxidant capacity, but amazingly, its ORAC antioxidant capacity was retained or increased, which implied that substances were transformed and more hydrogen donors were produced. This study has carried out a preliminary discussion from the perspective of extraction and put forward a new research idea, to improve the in vivo bioavailability of the critical flavonoids from Semen Hoveniae.
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23
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Investigation of the Potential Mechanism of Alpinia officinarum Hance in Improving Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2023; 2023:4934711. [PMID: 36818229 PMCID: PMC9935802 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4934711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Objective We used network pharmacology, molecular docking, and cellular analysis to explore the pharmacodynamic components and action mechanism of Alpinia officinarum Hance (A. officinarum) in improving type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, Gene Ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed to predict the potential targets and mechanism of A. officinarum toward improving T2DM. The first 9 core targets and potential active compounds were docked using Discovery Studio 2019. Finally, IR-HepG2 cells and qPCR were applied to determine the mRNA expression of the top 6 core targets of the PPI network. Results A total of 29 active ingredients and 607 targets of A. officinarum were obtained. T2DM-related targets overlapped with 176 targets. The core targets of the PPI network were identified as AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (AKT1), an activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), tumor protein p53 (TP53), SRC proto-oncogene, nonreceptor tyrosine kinase (SRC), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), albumin (ALB), mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG). A. officinarum performs an antidiabetic role via the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway, the HIF-1 signaling pathway, the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, and others, according to GO and KEGG enrichment analyses. Molecular docking revealed that the binding ability of diarylheptanoid active components in A. officinarum to core target protein was higher than that of flavonoids. The cell experiments confirmed that the A. officinarum extracts improved the glucose uptake of IR-HepG2 cells and AKT expression while inhibiting the STAT3, TNF, TP53, SRC, and EGFR mRNA expression. Conclusion A. officinarum Hance improves T2DM by acting on numerous components, multiple targets, and several pathways. Our results lay the groundwork for the subsequent research and broaden the clinical application of A. officinarum Hance.
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Liu S, Liu K, Wang Y, Wu C, Xiao Y, Liu S, Yu J, Ma Z, Liang H, Li X, Li Y, Zhou L. Hesperidin methyl chalcone ameliorates lipid metabolic disorders by activating lipase activity and increasing energy metabolism. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166620. [PMID: 36494040 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Obesity has become an increasingly serious health issue with the continuous improvement in living standards. Its prevalence has become an economic burden on health care systems worldwide. Flavonoids have been shown to be beneficial in the prevention and treatment of obesity. Here, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of the flavonoid hesperidin methyl chalcone (HMC) on mice with high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hepatic steatosis in vivo and in vitro. Treatment with HMC reduced oleic and palmitic acid-induced increases in intracellular triglyceride accumulation in HepG2, AML12 and LMH cells. HMC also enhanced energy metabolism and lowered oxidative stress. We used Discovery studio to dock key proteins associated with lipid metabolism disorders to HMC, and found that HMC interacted with lipase. Furthermore, we demonstrated that HMC improved lipase activity and lipolysis. In addition, we found that HMC promoted glucose absorption, alleviated lipid metabolic disorders, improved HFD-induced liver injury, and regulated HFD-induced changes in energy metabolism. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that HMC ameliorated HFD-induced obesity and its complications by promoting lipase activity, and provides a novel approach for the prevention and treatment of obesity and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songsong Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Kang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Yuwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Chou Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Yang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Siqi Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Jingsu Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Zeqiang Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Huanjie Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Xiangling Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Yixing Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Lei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China.
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25
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Zhang M, Lei J, Wang Y, Zhang J, Liu D. Ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and pharmacology of Benincasae Exocarpium: A review. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2023; 15:15-26. [PMID: 36875430 PMCID: PMC9975641 DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Benincasae Exocarpium (BE, Dongguapi in Chinese), as the dried outer pericarp of Benincasa hispida (wax gourd) in Cucurbitaceae family, is one of traditional Chinese medicines with the same origin as medicine and food. Up to now, 43 compounds were isolated from BE, including flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, phenolic acids, soluble fiber and carbohydrates. Modern pharmacological studies and clinical practice showed that BE has diuretic, hypolipidemic effects, hypoglycemic, antioxidant, antibacterial, and other effects. The folk uses, functional factors, pharmacological activities, patents and clinical applications of BE were reviewed in this paper. In addition, the paper also discussed the current problems for the further studies. The information summarized in this paper provides valuable clues for the comprehensive utilization of medicine and food resources and gives a scientific basis for the development of medicinal plants of BE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.,Tianjin Modern Innovation Chinese Medicine Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300380, China
| | - Jialong Lei
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.,Tianjin Modern Innovation Chinese Medicine Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300380, China
| | - Yansheng Wang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.,Tianjin Modern Innovation Chinese Medicine Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300380, China
| | - Jingze Zhang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.,Tianjin Modern Innovation Chinese Medicine Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300380, China
| | - Dailin Liu
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.,Tianjin Modern Innovation Chinese Medicine Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300380, China
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26
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Eslaminejad T, Faghih Mirzaei E, Abaszadeh M. Synthesis, Antioxidant, Cytotoxicity, Induce Apoptosis Investigation and Docking Study of New Halogenated Dihydropyrano[3,2- b]Chromene-3-Carbonitrile Derivatives on MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cell Line. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2023; 22:e132932. [PMID: 38116542 PMCID: PMC10728837 DOI: 10.5812/ijpr-132932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Background Chromene derivatives showed numerous biological activities. In the current study, the antioxidant, cytotoxicity, and apoptosis properties of halogenated dihydropyrano[3,2-b]chromene-3-carbonitrile derivatives (HDCCD) on MCF-7 cell line have been examined. Objectives This study's principal point was synthesizing new halogenated pyranochromene derivatives and assessing their cytotoxic effects and apoptosis potential on MCF-7 breast cancer cell line by flow cytometry. Methods Initially, 6-chloro- and 6-bromo-3-hydroxychromone compounds were prepared. In the next step, a series of HDCCD were synthesized by a one-pot three-component reaction of these two compounds, aromatic aldehydes, and malononitrile, in the presence of triethylamine in EtOH at reflux conditions. These compounds were fully characterized by standard spectroscopic techniques (IR, 1H, and 13C NMR) and elemental analyses. The potential of the antioxidant activity was determined by using ferric reducing antioxidant power assay (FRAP). 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were used to evaluate metabolic activity. The nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) biomarkers of the exposed cells were evaluated on the cells and their supernatant. To quantify apoptotic death of MCF-7 breast cancer cells treated by the compounds at their IC50 concentrations, Annexin V-FITC apoptosis detection kit was utilized. Molecular docking of compounds (6a-j) into the Cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (PDB code: 4EZ5) was carried out, and the probable binding mode of compounds 6e and 6j was determined. Results A dose-response relationship was seen in all the compounds. Most of them induced cytotoxic effects on the cells. Nitrite concentration of the culture media of the cells was decreased compared to the control. Malondialdehyde levels of the cells were below the range of the control by the addition of 6b, 6d, 6e, 6f, and 6g compounds on the cells, while the addition of the 6a, 6c, 6h, 6i, and 6j compounds increased the MDA level compared to the control. Flow cytometric analysis showed that most of the exposed cells were in the early and late apoptotic stage, and a few of them were in the necrotic stage. Conclusions It could be concluded that HDCCD (6a-j) was toxic and caused death in the cells by apoptosis. The compounds have lipophilic characteristics, so they can easily pass the cell membrane. As confirmed by LDH results, it can be concluded that the cytotoxicity is connected with apoptosis rather than necrosis, endorsed by flowcytometry analysis afterward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Touba Eslaminejad
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ehsan Faghih Mirzaei
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mehdi Abaszadeh
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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27
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Ding S, Wang P, Pang X, Zhang L, Qian L, Jia X, Chen W, Ruan S, Sun L. The new exploration of pure total flavonoids extracted from Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr. as a new therapeutic agent to bring health benefits for people. Front Nutr 2022; 9:958329. [PMID: 36276813 PMCID: PMC9582534 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.958329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The peel and fruit of Citrus varieties have been a raw material for some traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Pure total flavonoids from Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr. (PTFC), including naringin, hesperidin, narirutin, and neohesperidin, have been attracted increasing attention for their multiple clinical efficacies. Based on existing in vitro and in vivo research, this study systematically reviewed the biological functions of PTFC and its components in preventing or treating liver metabolic diseases, cardiovascular diseases, intestinal barrier dysfunction, as well as malignancies. PTFC and its components are capable of regulating glycolipid metabolism, blocking peroxidation and persistent inflammation, inhibiting tumor progression, protecting the integrity of intestinal barrier and positively regulating intestinal microbiota, while the differences in fruit cultivation system, picking standard, manufacturing methods, delivery system and individual intestinal microecology will have impact on the specific therapeutic effect. Thus, PTFC is a promising drug for the treatment of some chronic diseases, as well as continuous elaborate investigations are necessary to improve its effectiveness and bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuning Ding
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peipei Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xi Pang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Leyin Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Lihui Qian
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinru Jia
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenqian Chen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shanming Ruan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China,Shanming Ruan,
| | - Leitao Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Leitao Sun,
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Urinary Metabolomics Study on the Protective Role of Cocoa in Zucker Diabetic Rats via 1H-NMR-Based Approach. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14194127. [PMID: 36235779 PMCID: PMC9572671 DOI: 10.3390/nu14194127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cocoa constitutes one of the richest sources of dietary flavonoids with demonstrated anti-diabetic potential. However, the metabolic impact of cocoa intake in a diabetic context remains unexplored. In this study, metabolomics tools have been used to investigate the potential metabolic changes induced by cocoa in type 2 diabetes (T2D). To this end, male Zucker diabetic fatty rats were fed on standard (ZDF) or 10% cocoa-rich diet (ZDF-C) from week 10 to 20 of life. Cocoa supplementation clearly decreased serum glucose levels, improved glucose metabolism and produced significant changes in the urine metabolome of ZDF animals. Fourteen differential urinary metabolites were identified, with eight of them significantly modified by cocoa. An analysis of pathways revealed that butanoate metabolism and the synthesis and degradation of branched-chain amino acids and ketone bodies are involved in the beneficial impact of cocoa on diabetes. Moreover, correlation analysis indicated major associations between some of these urine metabolites (mainly valine, leucine, and isoleucine) and body weight, glycemia, insulin sensitivity, and glycated hemoglobin levels. Overall, this untargeted metabolomics approach provides a clear metabolic fingerprint associated to chronic cocoa intake that can be used as a marker for the improvement of glucose homeostasis in a diabetic context.
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29
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Abot A, Fried S, Cani PD, Knauf C. Reactive Oxygen Species/Reactive Nitrogen Species as Messengers in the Gut: Impact on Physiology and Metabolic Disorders. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 37:394-415. [PMID: 34714099 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Significance: The role of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species as "friend" or "foe" messengers in the whole body is well characterized. Depending on the concentration in the tissue considered, these molecular actors exert beneficial or deleterious impacts leading to a pathological state, as observed in metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes and obesity. Recent Advances: Among the tissues impacted by oxidation and inflammation in this pathological state, the intestine is a site of dysfunction that can establish diabetic symptoms, such as alterations in the intestinal barrier, gut motility, microbiota composition, and gut/brain axis communication. In the intestine, reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (from the host and/or microbiota) are key factors that modulate the transition from physiological to pathological signaling. Critical Issues: Controlling the levels of intestinal reactive oxygen/nitrogen species is a complicated balance between positive and negative impacts that is in constant equilibrium. Here, we describe the synthesis and degradation of intestinal reactive oxygen/nitrogen species and their interactions with the host. The development of novel redox-based therapeutics that alter these processes could restore intestinal health in patients with metabolic disorders. Future Directions: Deciphering the mode of action of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species in the gut of obese/diabetic patients could result in a future therapeutic strategy that combines nutritional and pharmacological approaches. Consequently, preventive and curative treatments must take into account one of the first sites of oxidative and inflammatory dysfunctions in the body, that is, the intestine. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 37, 394-415.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Abot
- Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse III, INSERM U1220, Institut de Recherche en Santé Digestive (IRSD), CHU Purpan, Toulouse, France.,International Research Project (IRP), European Lab "NeuroMicrobiota," Brussels, Belgium and Toulouse, France
| | - Steven Fried
- Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse III, INSERM U1220, Institut de Recherche en Santé Digestive (IRSD), CHU Purpan, Toulouse, France.,International Research Project (IRP), European Lab "NeuroMicrobiota," Brussels, Belgium and Toulouse, France
| | - Patrice D Cani
- International Research Project (IRP), European Lab "NeuroMicrobiota," Brussels, Belgium and Toulouse, France.,UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Claude Knauf
- Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse III, INSERM U1220, Institut de Recherche en Santé Digestive (IRSD), CHU Purpan, Toulouse, France.,International Research Project (IRP), European Lab "NeuroMicrobiota," Brussels, Belgium and Toulouse, France
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Songyang Y, Li W, Li W, Yang J, Song T. The inhibition of GLUT1-induced glycolysis in macrophage by phloretin participates in the protection during acute lung injury. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 110:109049. [PMID: 35853279 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The increased level of glycolysis in macrophage aggravates lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI). Glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) serves as a ubiquitously expressed glucose transporter, which could activate inflammatory response by mediating glycolysis. Phloretin (PHL), an apple polyphenol, is also an inhibitor of GLUT1, possessing potent anti-inflammatory effects in various diseases. However, the potential role of PHL in ALI remains unclear till now. This study aims to investigate the impacts of PHL on ALI as well as its possible mechanisms. A mouse ALI model was established via intratracheal injection of LPS. LPS-induced primary macrophages were used to mimic in vitro ALI. Mice were pretreated with low or high dosage of PHL for 7 days via intragastric administration once a day before LPS injection. The results showed that PHL pretreatment significantly prevented LPS-induced lung pathological injury and inflammatory response. Meantime, PHL pretreatment also decreased the level of glycolysis in macrophage during ALI. In terms of mechanism, PHL inhibited the mRNA and protein expression of GLUT1. In vitro experiments further showed GLUT1 overexpression in macrophage by infection with lentivirus could abolish the inhibition of inflammation and glycolysis mediated by PHL, suggesting that GLUT1 was essential for the protection of PHL. Taken together, PHL pretreatment may protect against LPS-induced ALI by inhibiting glycolysis in macrophage in a GLUT1-dependent manner, which may be a candidate against ALI in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyan Songyang
- Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430060, PR China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Emergency, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430060, PR China.
| | - Wenqiang Li
- Department of Emergency, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430060, PR China.
| | - Ji Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430060, PR China
| | - TianBao Song
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430060, PR China
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Barragán-Zarate GS, Lagunez-Rivera L, Solano R, Carranza-Álvarez C, Hernández-Benavides DM, Vilarem G. Validation of the traditional medicinal use of a Mexican endemic orchid ( Prosthechea karwinskii) through UPLC-ESI-qTOF-MS/MS characterization of its bioactive compounds. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09867. [PMID: 35847621 PMCID: PMC9284392 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethnopharmacological relevance The orchid Prosthechea karwinskii is a medicinal orchid in Oaxaca, Mexico, used to treat diabetes, cough, wounds, and burns, prevent miscarriage and assist in labor. Each part of the plant (leaves, pseudobulbs, or flowers) is used by healers for certain treatment conditions, indicating that each part has different biocompounds with specific pharmacological activity. Aim of the study To characterize the biocompounds in extracts from leaves, pseudobulbs, and flowers of P. karwinskii and evaluate their ROS inhibition capacity to associate it with medicinal uses. Materials and methods The compounds present in extracts from leaves, pseudobulbs, and flowers of P. karwinskii were identified by UPLC-ESI-qTOF-MS/MS. The chemical differentiation of each extract was tested by principal component analysis (PCA) using compound intensity values. For each extract, total phenol and flavonoid contents were quantified. Their antioxidant capacity was evaluated ex vivo by inhibition of ROS with DCFH-DA and in vitro with DPPH radical. Results Based on the PCA, it was observed that some compounds were completely separated from others according to the correlation that they presented. The compounds common to all three plant parts were quinic, malic, succinic, azelaic, and pinellic acids. Among the compounds identified, two were exclusive to leaves, four to pseudobulbs, and ten to flowers. Some of the identified compounds have well-known antioxidant activity. The leaves had the highest content of total phenols and flavonoids, and the highest in vitro and ex vivo antioxidant capacity. A strong correlation was observed between phenol and flavonoid contents, and antioxidant capacity ex vivo and in vitro. Conclusions It was found that the bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity of each part of the plant were associated with its traditional medicinal use. A pharmacological potential was also found in P. karwinskii for further biological studies because of the type of compounds it contained. Compounds common and specific to each plant part were identified by UPLC-ESI-qTOF-MS/MS. The biological activities reported for the identified compounds validate the traditional medicinal use of P. karwinskii. Embelin (inflammation) is exclusive to leaves, phloridzin (diabetes) to pseudobulbs, and abscisic acid (in labor) to flowers. In the literature, the antioxidant compounds are rutin, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, embelin, guanosine, and azelaic acid. Pearson's correlation coefficients indicate that a higher content of phenols and flavonoids has a higher antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Soledad Barragán-Zarate
- Laboratorio de Extracción y Análisis de Productos Naturales Vegetales. Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional Unidad Oaxaca, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Hornos 1003, 71230, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Luicita Lagunez-Rivera
- Laboratorio de Extracción y Análisis de Productos Naturales Vegetales. Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional Unidad Oaxaca, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Hornos 1003, 71230, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Rodolfo Solano
- Laboratorio de Extracción y Análisis de Productos Naturales Vegetales. Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional Unidad Oaxaca, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Hornos 1003, 71230, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Candy Carranza-Álvarez
- Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria de la Zona Huasteca, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Romualdo del Campo 501, Frac. Rafael Curiel, 79060, Ciudad Valles, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Diego Manuel Hernández-Benavides
- Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria de la Zona Huasteca, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Romualdo del Campo 501, Frac. Rafael Curiel, 79060, Ciudad Valles, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Gerard Vilarem
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle, ENSIACET, 4 Allée Emile Monso, BP 44362, 31030, Toulouse, France
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Anghel SA, Badea RA, Chiritoiu G, Patriche DS, Alexandru PR, Pena F. Novel luciferase-based GLP-1 reporter assay reveals naturally-occurring secretagogues. Br J Pharmacol 2022; 179:4738-4753. [PMID: 35736785 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is a hormone derived from preproglucagon. It is secreted by enteroendocrine cells in response to feeding, and, in turn, acts as a critical regulator of insulin release. Modulating GLP-1 secretion thus holds promise as a strategy for controlling blood glucose levels. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH To dissect GLP-1 regulation and to discover specific secretagogues, we engineered a reporter cell line introducing a luciferase within proglucagon sequence in GLUTag cells. The assay was validated using western blotting and ELISA. A focused natural compounds library was screened. We measured luminescence, glucose uptake and ATP to investigate the mechanism by which newly found secretagogues potentiate GLP-1 secretion. KEY RESULTS The newly created reporter cell line is ideal for the rapid, sensitive and quantitative assessment of GLP-1 secretion. The small molecule screen identified non-toxic GLP-1 modulators. Quercetin is the most potent newly found GLP-1 secretagogue, while other flavonoids also potentiate GLP-1 secretion. Quercetin requires glucose and extracellular calcium to act as GLP-1 secretagogue. Our results support a mechanism whereby flavonoids cause GLUTag cells to utilize glucose more efficiently, leading to elevated ATP levels, followed by KATP channel blockade and GLP-1 exocytosis. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Our methodology enables finding of new GLP-1 secretagogues. Quercetin is a potent, naturally occuring GLP-1 secretagogue. Mechanistic studies of newly found secretagogues are possible in newly created reporter cell line. Further validation in more physiological systems, such as primary L-cells or whole organisms is needed. GLP-1 secretagogues might serve as leads for developing alternative glucose-lowering therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sorina Andreea Anghel
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Rodica Aura Badea
- Department of Enzymology, Institute of Biochemistry of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gabriela Chiritoiu
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - David Sebastian Patriche
- Department of Viral Glycoproteins, Institute of Biochemistry of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Petruta Ramona Alexandru
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Florentina Pena
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
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Iłowiecka K, Maślej M, Czajka M, Pawłowski A, Więckowski P, Styk T, Gołkiewicz M, Kuzdraliński A, Koch W. Lifestyle, Eating Habits, and Health Behaviors Among Dietary Supplement Users in Three European Countries. Front Public Health 2022; 10:892233. [PMID: 35719650 PMCID: PMC9198248 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.892233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary supplements (DS) are used by about 30-50% of adults in developed countries. However, only a few studies have compared the characteristics of DS users in different nations. This study aimed to identify and compare selected health-related behaviors of DS users from three European countries. A total of 3,588 adults (32.08 ± 8.04 years) from Poland (1,030 females, 287 males), Germany (994 females, 190 males), and the United Kingdom (911 females, 176 males) were included in the analysis. The study was based on a self-administered survey consisting of 70 questions regarding baseline characteristics, lifestyle, eating, and health habits. The associations of the obtained results were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis test, Pearson Chi-Square test, and Cramer's V value. The highest percentage of DS users (56.98%, n = 2,044) had a correct body weight, while higher body weight values were observed in 39.19% (n = 1,406). In terms of lifestyle, statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) were noted for alcohol consumption and the level of physical activity. Fruit and vegetables were most often consumed a few times a weeks (34.67%, n = 1,244). A similar result was observed for the consumption of whole grain (37.76%, n = 1,355), dairy (39.99%, n = 1,435), eggs (49.67%, n = 1,782), and meat (51.45%, n = 1,846). Most DS users did not have a chronic disease (66.72%, n = 2,394). Among the other conditions, a frequent occurrence (a few times a weeks) of gastrointestinal problems (28.29%, n = 1,015) and concentration disorders (29.15%, n = 1,046) was noted. Cramer's V values (<0.3) indicated a weak (but significant p < 0.05) relationship between the country of residence and most of the analyzed variables. In conclusion, DS users were characterized by a healthy lifestyle with appropriate behaviors but not healthy eating habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Iłowiecka
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Wojciech Koch
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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Fan Z, Wang C, Yang T, Gao T, Wang D, Zhao X, Guo X, Li D. Coffee peel extracts ameliorate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease via a fibroblast growth factor 21-adiponectin signaling pathway. Food Funct 2022; 13:7251-7259. [PMID: 35723052 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00081d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Coffee peel (CP) contains abundant phytochemicals which might prevent non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The present study aimed to identify the main phytochemicals in CP extracts, and to investigate whether CP extracts could ameliorate NAFLD through a hepatic fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 21-adiponectin signaling pathway. Caffeine and seven monomers of flavonoids were identified from CP extracts by using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). After 8 weeks of intervention, the mice fed a high-fat and high-sugar diet showed the pathophysiological characteristics of NAFLD. Treatment with CP extracts significantly alleviated hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance and reduced the concentrations of serum alanine transaminase, FGF21, and triglyceride, and hepatic interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α, while increasing serum adiponectin concentrations. Meanwhile, CP extract supplementation significantly decreased the gene and protein expression levels of FGF21, while enhancing adiponectin expression levels. The present study demonstrated that CP extracts contained caffeine and seven monomers of flavonoids, and protected against NAFLD through regulating the FGF21-adiponectin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zekai Fan
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China. .,School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chong Wang
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China. .,School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Laixi People's Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China. .,School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Tianlin Gao
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China. .,School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhao
- Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, China
| | - Xiaofei Guo
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China. .,School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Duo Li
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China. .,School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Pan J, Zhang Q, Zhang C, Yang W, Liu H, Lv Z, Liu J, Jiao Z. Inhibition of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 by Flavonoids: Structure–Activity Relationship, Kinetics and Interaction Mechanism. Front Nutr 2022; 9:892426. [PMID: 35634373 PMCID: PMC9134086 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.892426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
With the aim to establish a structure-inhibitory activity relationship of flavonoids against dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) and elucidate the interaction mechanisms between them, a pannel of 70 structurally diverse flavonoids was used to evaluate their inhibitory activities against DPP-4, among which myricetin, hyperoside, narcissoside, cyanidin 3-O-glucoside, and isoliquiritigenin showed higher inhibitory activities in a concentration-dependent manner. Structure-activity relationship analysis revealed that introducing hydroxyl groups to C3', C4', and C6 of the flavonoid structure was beneficial to improving the inhibitory efficacy against DPP-4, whereas the hydroxylation at position 3 of ring C in the flavonoid structure was unfavorable for the inhibition. Besides, the methylation of the hydroxyl groups at C3', C4', and C7 of the flavonoid structure tended to lower the inhibitory activity against DPP-4, and the 2,3-double bond and 4-carbonyl group on ring C of the flavonoid structure was essential for the inhibition. Glycosylation affected the inhibitory activity diversely, depending on the structure of flavonoid aglycone, type of glycoside, as well as the position of substitution. Inhibition kinetic analysis suggested that myricetin reversibly inhibited DPP-4 in a non-competitive mode, whereas hyperoside, narcissoside, cyanidin 3-O-glucoside, and isoliquiritigenin all reversibly inhibited DPP-4 in a mixed type. Moreover, the fluorescence quenching analysis indicated that all the five flavonoid compounds could effectively quench the intrinsic fluorescence of DPP-4 by spontaneously binding with it to form an unstable complex. Hydrogen bonds and van der Waals were the predominant forces to maintain the complex of myricetin with DPP-4, and electrostatic forces might play an important role in stabilizing the complexes of the remaining four flavonoids with DPP-4. The binding of the tested flavonoids to DPP-4 could also induce the conformation change of DPP-4 and thus led to inhibition on the enzyme. Molecular docking simulation further ascertained the binding interactions between DPP-4 and the selected five flavonoids, among which hyperoside, narcissoside, cyaniding 3-O-glucoside, and isoliquiritigenin inserted into the active site cavity of DPP-4 and interacted with the key amino acid residues of the active site, whereas the binding site of myricetin was located in a minor cavity close to the active pockets of DPP-4.
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Olivera-Nappa Á, Contreras S, Tevy MF, Medina-Ortiz D, Leschot A, Vigil P, Conca C. Patient-Wise Methodology to Assess Glycemic Health Status: Applications to Quantify the Efficacy and Physiological Targets of Polyphenols on Glycemic Control. Front Nutr 2022; 9:831696. [PMID: 35252308 PMCID: PMC8892255 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.831696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence indicates that dietary polyphenols could be used as an early intervention to treat glucose-insulin (G-I) dysregulation. However, studies report heterogeneous information, and the targets of the intervention remain largely elusive. In this work, we provide a general methodology to quantify the effects of any given polyphenol-rich food or formulae over glycemic regulation in a patient-wise manner using an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT). We use a mathematical model to represent individual OGTT curves as the coordinated action of subsystems, each one described by a parameter with physiological interpretation. Using the parameter values calculated for a cohort of 1198 individuals, we propose a statistical model to calculate the risk of dysglycemia and the coordination among subsystems for each subject, thus providing a continuous and individual health assessment. This method allows identifying individuals at high risk of dysglycemia—which would have been missed with traditional binary diagnostic methods—enabling early nutritional intervention with a polyphenol-supplemented diet where it is most effective and desirable. Besides, the proposed methodology assesses the effectiveness of interventions over time when applied to the OGTT curves of a treated individual. We illustrate the use of this method in a case study to assess the dose-dependent effects of Delphinol® on reducing dysglycemia risk and improving the coordination between subsystems. Finally, this strategy enables, on the one hand, the use of low-cost, non-invasive methods in population-scale nutritional studies. On the other hand, it will help practitioners assess the effectiveness of an intervention based on individual vulnerabilities and adapt the treatment to manage dysglycemia and avoid its progression into disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Olivera-Nappa
- Centre for Biotechnology and Bioengineering (CeBiB), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Materials, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- *Correspondence: Álvaro Olivera-Nappa
| | - Sebastian Contreras
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Göttingen, Germany
- Sebastian Contreras
| | - María Florencia Tevy
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - David Medina-Ortiz
- Centre for Biotechnology and Bioengineering (CeBiB), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Materials, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Pilar Vigil
- Reproductive Health Research Institute, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carlos Conca
- Centre for Biotechnology and Bioengineering (CeBiB), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Mathematical Modelling (CMM), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Yao J, Zhang Y, Zhao J, Wang XZ, Lin YP, Sun L, Lu QY, Fan GJ. Efficacy of flavonoids-containing supplements on insulin resistance and associated metabolic risk factors in overweight and obese subjects: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 25 randomized controlled trials. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:917692. [PMID: 35937836 PMCID: PMC9355558 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.917692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is becoming a global epidemic. Flavonoids, with anti-inflammatory and antioxidative functions, are proposed to treat insulin resistance (IR) in obese subjects. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of flavonoids-containing supplements on IR and associated metabolic risk factors in overweight and obese participants. METHODS Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving flavonoids-containing supplements used to treat overweight and obese subjects with results of IR, other associated metabolic risk factors, and adverse effects published were retrieved from 5 electronic databases from the year of inception to January 2, 2022. RESULTS Twenty-five RCTs (n = 1950) were included. Pooled results demonstrated that HOMA-IR in the group receiving flavonoids-containing supplements significantly decreased versus the control group (WMD = -0.132, 95% CI: -0.236 to -0.027, p = 0.013). Subgroup analyses showed that HOMA-IR in the subgroup receiving flavonoid-containing mixtures significantly decreased (WMD = -0.25, 95% CI: -0.43 to -0.06, p = 0.008), whereas such result was not found in the singly-used flavonoids subgroup (WMD = -0.08, 95% CI: -0.20 to 0.05, p = 0.240). In addition, QUICKI in the experimental group had an increasing trend compared to that in the control group (WMD = 0.01, 95% CI: -0.00 to 0.02, p = 0.065). For secondary outcomes, FBG, FBI, TC, TG, SBP, weight, BMI, and WHR in the group receiving flavonoids-containing supplements dropped significantly compared to those in the controls (WMD = -0.05, 95% CI: -0.08 to -0.02, p = 0.002; WMD = -0.58, 95% CI: -1.04 to -0.12, p = 0.014; WMD = -0.04, 95% CI: -0.06 to -0.03, p < 0.001; WMD = -0.04, 95% CI: -0.05 to -0.03, p < 0.001; WMD = -2.01, 95% CI: -3.17 to -0.86, p = 0.001; WMD = -0.29, 95% CI: -0.49 to -0.09, p = 0.004; WMD = -0.10 95% CI: -0.17 to -0.04, p = 0.003; WMD = -0.10, 95% CI: -0.01 to -0.00, p = 0.015; respectively). Adverse reactions did not differ between the group receiving flavonoids-containing supplements and the control group (RR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.62 to 1.52, p = 0.905). CONCLUSION This study showed that flavonoids-containing supplements may be efficacious and safe in improving IR and associated metabolic risk factors in overweight and obese participants. Nevertheless, doubt over the findings remains because limited RCTs per type of flavonoids-containing supplement were investigated, and many of the RCTs had a small sample size. Therefore, the findings must be validated in future research. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION https://inplasy.com/inplasy-2022-2-0011/, identifier INPLASY202220011.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yao
- School of Second Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- School of Second Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia Zhao
- School of Second Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xian-Zhe Wang
- School of Second Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Ping Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi-Yun Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guan-Jie Fan
- Department of Endocrinology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Guan-Jie Fan,
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Lemon Balm and Corn Silk Extracts Mitigate High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity in Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10122015. [PMID: 34943118 PMCID: PMC8698494 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10122015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Lemon balm and corn silk are valuable medicinal herbs, which exhibit variety of beneficial effects for human health. The present study explored the anti-obesity effects of a mixture of lemon balm and corn silk extracts (M-LB/CS) by comparison with the effects of single herbal extracts in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity in mice. HFD supplementation for 84 days increased the body weight, the fat mass density, the mean diameter of adipocytes, and the thickness of fat pads. However, oral administration of M-LB/CS significantly alleviated the HFD-mediated weight gain and adipocyte hypertrophy without affecting food consumption. Of the various combination ratios of M-LB/CS tested, the magnitude of the decreases in weight gain and adipocyte hypertrophy by administration of 1:1, 1:2, 2:1, and 4:1 (w/w) M-LB/CS was more potent than that by single herbal extracts alone. In addition, M-LB/CS reduced the HFD-mediated increases in serum cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein, prevented the reduction in serum high-density lipoprotein, and facilitated fecal excretion of cholesterol and triglyceride. Moreover, M-LB/CS mitigated the abnormal changes in specific mRNAs associated with lipogenesis and lipolysis in the adipose tissue. Furthermore, M-LB/CS reduced lipid peroxidation by inhibiting the HFD-mediated reduction in glutathione, catalase, and superoxide dismutase. Therefore, M-LB/CS is a promising herbal mixture for preventing obesity.
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Atchan Nwakiban AP, Passarelli A, Da Dalt L, Olivieri C, Demirci TN, Piazza S, Sangiovanni E, Carpentier-Maguire E, Martinelli G, Shivashankara ST, Manjappara UV, Tchamgoue AD, Agbor GA, Kuiate JR, Daglia M, Dell’Agli M, Magni P. Cameroonian Spice Extracts Modulate Molecular Mechanisms Relevant to Cardiometabolic Diseases in SW 872 Human Liposarcoma Cells. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124271. [PMID: 34959824 PMCID: PMC8706885 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular pathophysiology of cardiometabolic diseases is known to be influenced by dysfunctional ectopic adipose tissue. In addition to lifestyle improvements, these conditions may be managed by novel nutraceutical products. This study evaluatedthe effects of 11 Cameroonian medicinal spice extracts on triglyceride accumulation, glucose uptake, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and interleukin secretion in SW 872 human adipocytes after differentiation with 100 µM oleic acid. Triglyceride content was significantly reduced by all spice extracts. Glucose uptake was significantly increased by Tetrapleura tetraptera, Aframomum melegueta and Zanthoxylum leprieurii. Moreover, Xylopia parviflora, Echinops giganteus and Dichrostachys glomerata significantly reduced the production of ROS. Concerning pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion, we observed that Tetrapleura tetraptera, Echinops giganteus, Dichrostachys glomerata and Aframomum melegueta reduced IL-6 secretion. In addition, Xylopia parviflora, Monodora myristica, Zanthoxylum leprieurii, and Xylopia aethiopica reduced IL-8 secretion, while Dichrostachys glomerata and Aframomum citratum increased it. These findings highlight some interesting properties of these Cameroonian spice extracts in the modulation of cellular parameters relevant to cardiometabolic diseases, which may be further exploited, aiming to develop novel treatment options for these conditions based on nutraceutical products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Passarelli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.P.); (L.D.D.); (C.O.); (T.N.D.); (S.P.); (E.S.); (G.M.)
| | - Lorenzo Da Dalt
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.P.); (L.D.D.); (C.O.); (T.N.D.); (S.P.); (E.S.); (G.M.)
| | - Chiara Olivieri
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.P.); (L.D.D.); (C.O.); (T.N.D.); (S.P.); (E.S.); (G.M.)
| | - Tugba Nur Demirci
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.P.); (L.D.D.); (C.O.); (T.N.D.); (S.P.); (E.S.); (G.M.)
| | - Stefano Piazza
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.P.); (L.D.D.); (C.O.); (T.N.D.); (S.P.); (E.S.); (G.M.)
| | - Enrico Sangiovanni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.P.); (L.D.D.); (C.O.); (T.N.D.); (S.P.); (E.S.); (G.M.)
| | | | - Giulia Martinelli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.P.); (L.D.D.); (C.O.); (T.N.D.); (S.P.); (E.S.); (G.M.)
| | - Shilpa Talkad Shivashankara
- Department of Lipid Science, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore 570 020, India; (S.T.S.); (U.V.M.)
| | - Uma Venkateswaran Manjappara
- Department of Lipid Science, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore 570 020, India; (S.T.S.); (U.V.M.)
| | - Armelle Deutou Tchamgoue
- Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies (IMPM), Yaoundé 4123, Cameroon; (A.D.T.); (G.A.A.)
| | - Gabriel Agbor Agbor
- Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies (IMPM), Yaoundé 4123, Cameroon; (A.D.T.); (G.A.A.)
| | - Jules-Roger Kuiate
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang P.O. Box 96, Cameroon; (A.P.A.N.); (J.-R.K.)
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Mario Dell’Agli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.P.); (L.D.D.); (C.O.); (T.N.D.); (S.P.); (E.S.); (G.M.)
- Correspondence: (M.D.); (P.M.); Tel.: +39-0250318398 (M.D.); +39-0250318229 (P.M.)
| | - Paolo Magni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.P.); (L.D.D.); (C.O.); (T.N.D.); (S.P.); (E.S.); (G.M.)
- IRCCS MultiMedica, Sesto San Giovanni, 20099 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.D.); (P.M.); Tel.: +39-0250318398 (M.D.); +39-0250318229 (P.M.)
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Chung MY, Choi HK, Hwang JT. AMPK Activity: A Primary Target for Diabetes Prevention with Therapeutic Phytochemicals. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13114050. [PMID: 34836306 PMCID: PMC8621568 DOI: 10.3390/nu13114050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a metabolic syndrome characterized by inadequate blood glucose control and is associated with reduced quality of life and various complications, significantly shortening life expectancy. Natural phytochemicals found in plants have been traditionally used as medicines for the prevention of chronic diseases including diabetes in East Asia since ancient times. Many of these phytochemicals have been characterized as having few side effects, and scientific research into the mechanisms of action responsible has accumulated mounting evidence for their efficacy. These compounds, which may help to prevent metabolic syndrome disorders including diabetes, act through relevant intracellular signaling pathways. In this review, we examine the anti-diabetic efficacy of several compounds and extracts derived from medicinal plants, with a focus on AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Yu Chung
- Personalized Diet Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeonju 55365, Korea; (M.-Y.C.); (H.-K.C.)
| | - Hyo-Kyoung Choi
- Personalized Diet Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeonju 55365, Korea; (M.-Y.C.); (H.-K.C.)
| | - Jin-Taek Hwang
- Personalized Diet Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeonju 55365, Korea; (M.-Y.C.); (H.-K.C.)
- Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-63-219-9315; Fax: +82-63-219-9876
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Pagaza-Straffon EC, Mezo-González CE, Chavaro-Pérez DA, Cornejo-Garrido J, Marchat LA, Benítez-Cardoza CG, Anaya-Reyes M, Ordaz-Pichardo C. Tabebuia rosea (Bertol.) DC. ethanol extract attenuates body weight gain by activation of molecular mediators associated with browning. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Xu XY, Zhao CN, Li BY, Tang GY, Shang A, Gan RY, Feng YB, Li HB. Effects and mechanisms of tea on obesity. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-18. [PMID: 34704503 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1992748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Obesity has become a global health concern. It increases the risk of several diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and certain cancers, which threatens human health and increases social economic burden. As one of the most consumed beverages, tea contains various phytochemicals with potent bioactive properties and health-promoting effects, such as antioxidant, immune-regulation, cardiovascular protection and anticancer. Tea and its components are also considered as potential candidates for anti-obesity. Epidemiological studies indicate that regular consumption of tea is beneficial for reducing body fat. In addition, the experimental studies demonstrate that the potential anti-obesity mechanisms of tea are mainly involved in increasing energy expenditure and lipid catabolism, decreasing nutrient digestion and absorption as well as lipid synthesis, and regulating adipocytes, neuroendocrine system and gut microbiota. Moreover, most of clinical studies illustrate that the intake of green tea could reduce body weight and alleviate the obesity. In this review, we focus on the effect of tea and its components on obesity from epidemiological, experimental, and clinical studies, and discuss their potential mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, China Hong Kong
| | - Cai-Ning Zhao
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong, China Hong Kong
| | - Bang-Yan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guo-Yi Tang
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, China Hong Kong
| | - Ao Shang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, China Hong Kong
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi-Bin Feng
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, China Hong Kong
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Liraglutide may affect visceral fat accumulation in diabetic rats via changes in FTO, AMPK, and AKT expression. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13410-021-00974-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study is to explore the effects of liraglutide (LRG) on the expression of FTO, AMPK, and AKT in the visceral adipose tissues of obese and diabetic rats and the underlying mechanisms thereof.
Methods
Thirty SPF-grade, male SD rats were randomly divided into the healthy control, diabetic model (DM), and DM + LRG groups. The DM and DM + LRG groups were administered normal saline and LRG (0.6 mg/kg/d), respectively. After 12 weeks, the body weight of the rats was measured, and their visceral adipose tissues were collected and weighed; the levels of serum biochemical indicators and FTO, AMPK, and AKT in these tissues were then measured using qRT-PCR and western blotting.
Results
Compared to the control group, the body weight and visceral fat accumulation and blood glucose, TG, TC, and LDL-C levels increased significantly, while the HDL-C levels decreased significantly, in the DM group (p < 0.05). After LRG treatment, the HDL-C levels increased significantly, but the levels of the other indicators decreased significantly (p < 0.05). Compared to the control group, the visceral adipose tissue levels of FTO and AKT increased significantly, while the AMPK levels decreased significantly in the DM group (p < 0.05). After LRG treatment, the FTO and AKT levels decreased significantly, and the AMPK levels increased significantly (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
LRG may activate and inhibit the AMPK and AKT pathways, respectively, and decrease FTO expression, thereby alleviating abdominal obesity in type 2 diabetes.
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Dietary Flavonoids and Insulin Signaling in Diabetes and Obesity. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061474. [PMID: 34208379 PMCID: PMC8231211 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity are relevant worldwide chronic diseases. A common complication in both pathologies is the dysregulation of the insulin-signaling pathway that is crucial to maintain an accurate glucose homeostasis. Flavonoids are naturally occurring phenolic compounds abundant in fruits, vegetables and seeds. Rising evidence supports a role for the flavonoids against T2D and obesity, and at present, these compounds are considered as important potential chemopreventive agents. This review summarizes in vitro and in vivo studies providing data related to the effects of flavonoids and flavonoid-rich foods on the modulation of the insulin route during T2D and obesity. Notably, few human studies have evaluated the regulatory effect of these phenolic compounds at molecular level on the insulin pathway. In this context, it is also important to note that the mechanism of action for the flavonoids is not fully characterized and that a proper dosage to obtain a beneficial effect on health has not been defined yet. Further investigations will contribute to solve all these critical challenges and will enable the use of flavonoids to prevent, delay or support the treatment of T2D and obesity.
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Bao T, Zhang M, Zhou Y, Chen W. Phenolic profile of jujube fruit subjected to gut microbiota fermentation and its antioxidant potential against ethyl carbamate-induced oxidative damage. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2021; 22:397-409. [PMID: 33973421 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2000754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the composition of bioactive substances and the antioxidant effects of jujube fruit under gut microbiota fermentation (GMF), and the inhibitory effect on cytotoxicity caused by ethyl carbamate (EC). METHODS Changes in the contents of flavonoids, polyphenols, total sugars, and reducing sugars of jujube fruit after GMF (0, 2, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h) were determined. The oxidation resistance of fermented jujube fruits (from 0 to 48 h fermentation) was evaluated using in vitro 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate) (ABTS) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. Inhibitory effects of 48 h-fermented jujube fruit at various concentrations (0.25, 0.50, 1.00, and 2.00 mg/mL) on EC-treated toxicity and DNA damage of Caco-2 cells were estimated using 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and nuclear staining assays, respectively. Effects of different concentrations of jujube fruit on EC-treated Caco-2 cells' intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione (GSH) levels, and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were also evaluated. RESULTS Jujube fruit has rich bioactive components after GMF and shows strong antioxidant capacity. Fermented jujube fruit can inhibit the cytotoxicity and DNA damage of Caco-2 cells caused by EC and reduce intracellular ROS generation, as well as restoring GSH and MMP. CONCLUSIONS Fermented jujube fruit extracts produced by GMF still contain biologically active substances which retain biological activity and antioxidation capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Bao
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuanqing Zhou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. .,Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China.
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Liu J, Cao J, Li Y, Guo F. Beneficial Flavonoid in Foods and Anti-obesity Effect. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.1923730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaoxian Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiming Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fujiang Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Oliveira AKDS, de Oliveira E Silva AM, Pereira RO, Santos AS, Barbosa Junior EV, Bezerra MT, Barreto RSS, Quintans-Junior LJ, Quintans JSS. Anti-obesity properties and mechanism of action of flavonoids: A review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:7827-7848. [PMID: 33970708 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1919051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a major public health problem, and there is increasing scientific interest in its mechanisms, as well as a search for new compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that can minimize the metabolic complications associated with its pathology. One potential source of these compounds is natural products; Among these, flavonoids are a promising group of natural substances. Flavonoids are active constituents with diverse biological activities and are widely found in plants kingdom. Numerous studies have shown that flavonoids can effectively inhibit obesity and related metabolic disorders. The review synthesizes recent evidence in respect of progress in the understanding of the anti-obesity effects of flavonoids. Such effects which occurs through the modulation of proteins, genes and transcriptional factors involved in decreasing lipogenesis, increasing lipolysis, expenditure energy, stimulating fatty acids B-oxidation, digestion and metabolism of carbohydrates. In addition to mitigating inflammatory responses and suppress oxidative stress. A better understanding of the modulating effects and mechanisms of flavonoids in relation to obesity will allow us to better use these compounds to treat or even prevent obesity and its associated comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Karoline de Souza Oliveira
- Multiuser Health Center Facility (CMulti-Saúde), Aracaju, SE, Brazil.,Health Sciences Graduate Program (PPGCS), Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, SE, Brazil
| | - Ana Mara de Oliveira E Silva
- Health Sciences Graduate Program (PPGCS), Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, SE, Brazil.,Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Sergipe, UFS, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Mikaella Tuanny Bezerra
- Multiuser Health Center Facility (CMulti-Saúde), Aracaju, SE, Brazil.,Health Sciences Graduate Program (PPGCS), Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, SE, Brazil
| | - Rosana S S Barreto
- Multiuser Health Center Facility (CMulti-Saúde), Aracaju, SE, Brazil.,Health Sciences Graduate Program (PPGCS), Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, SE, Brazil
| | - Lucindo J Quintans-Junior
- Multiuser Health Center Facility (CMulti-Saúde), Aracaju, SE, Brazil.,Health Sciences Graduate Program (PPGCS), Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, SE, Brazil.,Department of Physiology, Aracaju, SE, Brazil
| | - Jullyana S S Quintans
- Multiuser Health Center Facility (CMulti-Saúde), Aracaju, SE, Brazil.,Health Sciences Graduate Program (PPGCS), Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, SE, Brazil.,Department of Physiology, Aracaju, SE, Brazil
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Bobadilla M, García-Sanmartín J, Martínez A. Natural Food Supplements Reduce Oxidative Stress in Primary Neurons and in the Mouse Brain, Suggesting Applications in the Prevention of Neurodegenerative Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10010046. [PMID: 33401699 PMCID: PMC7824423 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10010046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases pose a major health problem for developed countries, and stress has been identified as one of the main risk factors in the development of these disorders. Here, we have examined the protective properties against oxidative stress of several bioactive natural food supplements. We found that MecobalActive®, Olews®, and red and white grape seed polyphenol extracts may have a neuroprotective effect in vitro, both in the SH-SY 5Y cell line and in hippocampal neuron cultures, mainly by reducing reactive oxygen species levels and decreasing caspase-3 activity. In vivo, we demonstrated that oral administration of the supplements reduces the expression of genes involved in inflammation and oxidation mechanisms, whereas it increments the expression of genes related to protection against oxidative stress. Furthermore, we found that preventive treatment with these natural extracts increases the activity of antioxidant enzymes and prevents lipid peroxidation in the brain of stressed mice. Thus, our results indicate that some natural bioactive supplements may have important protective properties against oxidative stress processes occurring in the brain.
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50
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Wang W, Li J, Cai L. Research progress of sirtuins in renal and cardiovascular diseases. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2021; 30:108-114. [PMID: 33229910 DOI: 10.1097/mnh.0000000000000660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Sirtuins are a family of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide+-dependent enzymes catalyzing target protein deacetylation to modulate cellular metabolism, response to oxidative stress and inflammation, senescence, autophagy and apoptosis. In this review, we provide an overview of recent studies regarding the alterations and roles of sirtuins in a variety of renal and cardiovascular diseases. We are also going to highlight activators and inhibitors of sirtuins in the prevention of these diseases. This will help us to understand how this field may change in the future. RECENT FINDING Recent studies have elucidated how physical or diseased conditions alter the expressions and enzyme activity of sirtuins and expounded sexual differences in sirtuins functions. In addition, interventions by targeting sirtuins have been applied in preclinical and clinical studies to prevent or slow the development of related diseases. SUMMARY The advantages of female sex in renal and cardiovascular diseases are partially due to the expression and function of sirtuins. Estrogen activates sirtuins and in turn sirtuins promote estrogen receptor signaling. In addition, the hypoglycemic agents, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors protect against diabetic nephropathy at least in part via activating SIRT-1. Although several compounds targeted sirtuins are promising drug candidates in a variety of renal and cardiovascular diseases, well designed large clinical trials are still required to identify their efficacy and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanning Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Departments of Pediatrics, Radiation Oncology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Pediatric Research Institute, The University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Lu Cai
- Departments of Pediatrics, Radiation Oncology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Pediatric Research Institute, The University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
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