1
|
Song JH, Kim HJ, Lee J, Hong SP, Chung MY, Lee YG, Park JH, Choi HK, Hwang JT. Robinetin Alleviates Metabolic Failure in Liver through Suppression of p300-CD38 Axis. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2024; 32:214-223. [PMID: 38298012 PMCID: PMC10902699 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2023.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic abnormalities in the liver are closely associated with diverse metabolic diseases such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, type 2 diabetes, and obesity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ameliorating effect of robinetin (RBN) on the significant pathogenic features of metabolic failure in the liver and to identify the underlying molecular mechanism. RBN significantly decreased triglyceride (TG) accumulation by downregulating lipogenesis-related transcription factors in AML-12 murine hepatocyte cell line. In addition, mice fed with Western diet (WD) containing 0.025% or 0.05% RBN showed reduced liver mass and lipid droplet size, as well as improved plasma insulin levels and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) values. CD38 was identified as a target of RBN using the BioAssay database, and its expression was increased in OPA-treated AML-12 cells and liver tissues of WD-fed mice. Furthermore, RBN elicited these effects through its anti-histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity. Computational simulation revealed that RBN can dock into the HAT domain pocket of p300, a histone acetyltransferase, which leads to the abrogation of its catalytic activity. Additionally, knock-down of p300 using siRNA reduced CD38 expression. The chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay showed that p300 occupancy on the promoter region of CD38 was significantly decreased, and H3K9 acetylation levels were diminished in lipid-accumulated AML-12 cells treated with RBN. RBN improves the pathogenic features of metabolic failure by suppressing the p300-CD38 axis through its anti-HAT activity, which suggests that RBN can be used as a new phytoceutical candidate for preventing or improving this condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hye Song
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jin Kim
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jangho Lee
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Pyo Hong
- Department of Molecular Biology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Yu Chung
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Gangseo University, Seoul 07661, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Geun Lee
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ho Park
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Kyoung Choi
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Taek Hwang
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kim HJ, Park SK, Park SH, Lee YG, Park JH, Hwang JT, Chung MY. Schisandrin A in Schisandra chinensis Upregulates the LDL Receptor by Inhibiting PCSK9 Protein Stabilization in Steatotic Model. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:425-435. [PMID: 37997262 PMCID: PMC10940739 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2306.06049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Schisandra chinensis extract (SCE) protects against hypocholesterolemia by inhibiting proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 (PCSK9) protein stabilization. We hypothesized that the hypocholesterolemic activity of SCE can be attributable to upregulation of the PCSK9 inhibition-associated low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR). Male mice were fed a low-fat diet or a Western diet (WD) containing SCE at 1% for 12 weeks. WD increased final body weight and blood LDL cholesterol levels as well as alanine transaminase and aspartate aminotransferase expression. However, SCE supplementation significantly attenuated the increase in blood markers caused by WD. SCE also attenuated WD-mediated increases in hepatic LDLR protein expression in the obese mice. In addition, SCE increased LDLR protein expression and attenuated cellular PCSK9 levels in HepG2 cells supplemented with delipidated serum (DLPS). Non-toxic concentrations of schisandrin A (SA), one of the active components of SCE, significantly increased LDLR expression and tended to decrease PCSK9 protein levels in DLPS-treated HepG2 cells. High levels of SA-mediated PCSK9 attenuation was not attributable to reduced PCSK9 gene expression, but was associated with free PCSK9 protein degradation in this cell model. Our findings show that PCSK9 secretion can be significantly reduced by SA treatment, contributing to reductions in free cholesterol levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Jin Kim
- Personalized Diet Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Kyeong Park
- Personalized Diet Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Park
- Personalized Diet Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Geon Lee
- Personalized Diet Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Park
- Personalized Diet Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Taek Hwang
- Personalized Diet Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Yu Chung
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Gangseo University, Seoul 07661, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hwang J, Aum J, Lee SJ, Mun JM, Kim SW, Chung MY, Kim IH, Kim BH. Immobilized Candida antarctica lipase B as an sn-1,3 regiospecific biocatalyst for the interesterification of triacylglycerols with fatty acid ethyl esters. Food Sci Biotechnol 2024; 33:159-170. [PMID: 38186626 PMCID: PMC10767010 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01337-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) is regarded as non-regiospecific. This study aimed to investigate the regiospecificity of CALB in the solvent-free interesterification of high-oleic sunflower oil with stearic acid ethyl ester for 1,3-distearoyl-2-oleoylglycerol (SOS)-rich fat preparation using a packed bed reactor. The content ratio of 1,2-distearoyl-3-oleoylglycerol (SSO) to SOS (denoted by SSO/SOS content) obtained using Lipozyme 435 (a commercially immobilized CALB; 0-4.1%), at residence times (1-32 min) was similar to that obtained using Lipozyme RM IM (0-3.0%), but lower than that obtained using Lipozyme TL IM (6.0-39.4%). When immobilized on Lewatit VP OC 1600, Lipozyme CALB had an SSO/SOS content of 0-10.4%, which was greater than that of Palatase 20,000 L (0-1.1%) but was lower than that of Lipozyme TL 100 L (8.8-97.7%). Our findings suggest that immobilized CALB shows distinct sn-1,3 regiospecificity in the interesterification of triacylglycerol with fatty acid ethyl esters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jihyun Hwang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul, 04310 Korea
| | - Jiae Aum
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul, 04310 Korea
| | - Seong Jae Lee
- Research Center, Ottogi Corporation, Gyeonggi, 14060 Korea
| | - Jeong Min Mun
- Research Center, Ottogi Corporation, Gyeonggi, 14060 Korea
| | - Seung Wook Kim
- Research Center, Ottogi Corporation, Gyeonggi, 14060 Korea
| | - Min-Yu Chung
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Gangseo University, Seoul, 07661 Korea
| | - In-Hwan Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Korea University, Seoul, 02841 Korea
| | - Byung Hee Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul, 04310 Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jhee JH, Oh D, Seo J, Lee CJ, Chung MY, Park JT, Han SH, Kang SW, Park S, Yoo TH. Short-term Blood Pressure Variability and Incident CKD in Patients With Hypertension: Findings From the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Etiology Research Center-High Risk (CMERC-HI) Study. Am J Kidney Dis 2023; 81:384-393.e1. [PMID: 36241008 DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2022.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE The association between short-term blood pressure variability (BPV) and kidney outcomes is poorly understood. This study evaluated the association between short-term BPV and kidney disease outcomes in people with hypertension. STUDY DESIGN Prospective observational cohort study. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS 1,173 hypertensive participants in the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Etiology Research Center-High Risk (2013-2018) Study with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥60mL/min/1.73m2. EXPOSURE Short-term BPV assessed by average real variability (ARV). OUTCOME Composite kidney disease outcome (30% decline in eGFR from baseline, new occurrence of eGFR <60mL/min/1.73m2, or onset of UACR >300mg/g). ANALYTICAL APPROACH Multivariable Cox regression analyses to evaluate the association between systolic and diastolic BP ARV (SBP-ARV and DBP-ARV) and outcomes. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 5.4 [4.1-6.5] years, 271 events of the composite kidney disease outcome occurred (46.5 per 1,000 person-years). Multivariable Cox analysis revealed that the highest SBP-ARV and DBP-ARV tertiles were associated with a higher risk of the composite kidney disease outcome than the lowest tertiles, independent of the 24-hour SBP or DBP levels (HR, 1.64 [95% CI, 1.16-2.33], and 1.60 [95% CI, 1.15-2.24] for SBP-ARV and DBP-ARV, respectively). These associations were consistent when SBP-ARV and DBP-ARV were treated as continuous variables (HR per 1.0-unit greater SBP-ARV, 1.03 [95% CI, 1.01-1.06]; HR per 1.0-unit greater DBP-ARV, 1.04 [95% CI, 1.01-1.08]). These associations were consistent, irrespective of subgroups (age, sex, 24-hour SBP or DBP, and moderate albuminuria). However, other measures of short-term BPV including SD, coefficient of variation, and dipping patterns were not associated with the composite kidney disease outcome. LIMITATIONS Observational study design, the use of single measurement of 24-hour BP, lack of information on changes in antihypertensive medication during the follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Short-term BPV is associated with the development of a composite kidney disease outcome in hypertensive patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jong Hyun Jhee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Donghwan Oh
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jiwon Seo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chan Joo Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min-Yu Chung
- Personalized Diet Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Jung Tak Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung Hyeok Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Shin-Wook Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sungha Park
- Personalized Diet Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeonju, South Korea.
| | - Tae-Hyun Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Park SH, Lee J, Hwang JT, Chung MY. Physiologic and epigenetic effects of nutrients on disease pathways. Nutr Res Pract 2023; 17:13-31. [PMID: 36777807 PMCID: PMC9884588 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2023.17.1.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Epigenetic regulation by nutrients can influence the development of specific diseases. This study sought to examine the effect of individual nutrients and nutrient families in the context of preventing chronic metabolic diseases via epigenetic regulation. The inhibition of lipid accumulation and inflammation by nutrients including proteins, lipids, vitamins, and minerals were observed, and histone acetylation by histone acetyltransferase (HAT) was measured. Correlative analyses were also performed. MATERIALS/METHODS Nutrients were selected according to information from the Korean Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. Selected nutrient functionalities, including the attenuation of fatty acid-induced lipid accumulation and lipopolysaccharide-mediated acute inflammation were evaluated in mouse macrophage Raw264.7 and mouse hepatocyte AML-12 cells. Effects of the selected nutrients on in vitro HAT inhibition were also evaluated. RESULTS Nitric oxide (NO) production correlated with HAT activity, which was regulated by the amino acids group, suggesting that amino acids potentially contribute to the attenuation of NO production via the inhibition of HAT activity. Unsaturated fatty acids tended to attenuate inflammation by inhibiting NO production, which may be attributable to the inhibition of in vitro HAT activity. In contrast to water-soluble vitamins, the lipid-soluble vitamins significantly decreased NO production. Water- and lipid-soluble vitamins both exhibited significant inhibitory activities against HAT. In addition, calcium and manganese significantly inhibited lipid accumulation, NO production, and HAT activity. CONCLUSIONS Several candidate nutrients and their family members may have roles in the prevention of diseases, including hepatic steatosis and inflammation-related diseases (i.e., nonalcoholic steatohepatitis) via epigenetic regulation. Further studies are warranted to determine which specific amino acids, unsaturated fatty acids and lipid-soluble vitamins or specific minerals influence the development of steatosis and inflammatory-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Hyun Park
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Jaein Lee
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Korea.,Department of Food Science and Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
| | - Jin-Taek Hwang
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Korea.,Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Min-Yu Chung
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kim HJ, Lee J, Chung MY, Park SH, Park JH, Choi HK, Hwang JT. Tamarixetin Abrogates Adipogenesis Through Inhibiting p300/CBP-Associated Factor Acetyltransferase Activity in 3T3-L1 Preadipocyte Cells. J Med Food 2022; 25:272-280. [PMID: 35320012 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2021.k.0126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tamarixetin (TX) is an O-methylated flavonoid naturally derived from quercetin. TX has bioactive properties; however, whether it shows antilipogenic activity remains unknown. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to determine the antilipogenic effects of TX using 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The 3T3-L1 adipocytes were cultured in a differentiation medium with or without TX. Lipid accumulation was diminished and the mRNA expression of lipogenesis-related genes was decreased following TX treatment. We found that TX exhibited antilipogenic effects by inhibiting the expression of p300/CBP-associated factor (pCAF), a histone acetyltransferase, as confirmed by pCAF knockdown. Furthermore, TX inhibited both pCAF expression and its activity, thereby reducing the total acetylation level of nonhistone and histone proteins. Finally, TX decreased the expression of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha and beta (CEBPα and CEBPβ), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ along with pCAF expression during adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cells in a time-dependent manner. Collectively, our findings suggest that TX is a potent antilipogenic agent derived from natural products and may be used as a pCAF inhibitor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Jin Kim
- Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do, Korea.,Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jangho Lee
- Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Min-Yu Chung
- Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | | | - Jae Ho Park
- Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | | | - Jin-Taek Hwang
- Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do, Korea.,Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kim HJ, Lim S, Chung S, Lee S, Choi E, Yang KH, Hwang JT, Chung MY. Barley Sprout Water Extract and Saponarin Mitigate Triacylglycerol Accumulation in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes. J Med Food 2022; 25:79-88. [PMID: 35029509 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2021.k.0092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms of action responsible for the reported hypolipidemic activity of barley sprouts have yet to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to compare the content of saponarin (the sole flavonoid present in barley sprout leaves), hypolipidemic activity between barley sprout water extract (BSW) and barley sprout ethanol extract (BSE), and the associated relevance to hypolipidemic activity in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. BSW elicited superior antiadipogenic effects when compared with BSE in MDI mixture [IBMX 0.5 mM + dexamethasone 1 μM + insulin 1 μg/mL]-treated 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. BSW attenuated MDI-mediated triacylglycerol (TAG) accumulation by inhibiting fatty acid synthase (FAS). FAS protein expression was markedly and dose dependently attenuated by BSW, with higher doses suppressing expression to a level equivalent to the controls. BSW also significantly attenuated MDI-mediated increases in the expression of genes involved in TAG synthesis as well as FAS in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis indicated that BSW contains more than four times more saponarin than BSE. Further investigation of saponarin-mediated hypotriacylglycerolemic activity and related gene expression revealed that saponarin significantly inhibited TAG accumulation, which was attributed to reductions in TAG synthesis-related gene expression. Taken together, these findings provide a basis for further development of barley sprout extract for functional health food purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Jin Kim
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Korea.,Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sol Lim
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Korea
| | | | - Sohee Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eunji Choi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Jin-Taek Hwang
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Korea.,Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chung MY, Choi HK, Hwang JT. AMPK Activity: A Primary Target for Diabetes Prevention with Therapeutic Phytochemicals. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13114050. [PMID: 34836306 PMCID: PMC8621568 DOI: 10.3390/nu13114050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a metabolic syndrome characterized by inadequate blood glucose control and is associated with reduced quality of life and various complications, significantly shortening life expectancy. Natural phytochemicals found in plants have been traditionally used as medicines for the prevention of chronic diseases including diabetes in East Asia since ancient times. Many of these phytochemicals have been characterized as having few side effects, and scientific research into the mechanisms of action responsible has accumulated mounting evidence for their efficacy. These compounds, which may help to prevent metabolic syndrome disorders including diabetes, act through relevant intracellular signaling pathways. In this review, we examine the anti-diabetic efficacy of several compounds and extracts derived from medicinal plants, with a focus on AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min-Yu Chung
- Personalized Diet Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeonju 55365, Korea; (M.-Y.C.); (H.-K.C.)
| | - Hyo-Kyoung Choi
- Personalized Diet Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeonju 55365, Korea; (M.-Y.C.); (H.-K.C.)
| | - Jin-Taek Hwang
- Personalized Diet Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeonju 55365, Korea; (M.-Y.C.); (H.-K.C.)
- Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-63-219-9315; Fax: +82-63-219-9876
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chung MY, Kim HJ, Choi HK, Park JH, Hwang JT. Black Mulberry Extract Elicits Hepatoprotective Effects in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Models by Inhibition of Histone Acetylation. J Med Food 2021; 24:978-986. [PMID: 34524028 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2021.k.0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation by histone acetyltransferase (HAT) is associated with various biological processes and the progression of diseases, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The objective of this study was to investigate whether the hypolipidemic properties of black mulberry (Morus atropurpurea Roxb.) fruit extract (BME) contribute toward protection against NAFLD by HAT inhibition. HepG2 cells were treated with oleic and palmitic acids to induce lipid accumulation, which was significantly attenuated by the treatment with BME at 50 and 100 μg/mL. BME also markedly reduced the expression of proteins associated with lipogenesis, which was attributed to the BME-mediated downregulation of lipogenic genes in HepG2 cells. BME significantly inhibited in vitro total HAT and p300 activities. In addition, BME suppressed total acetylated lysine as well as specific histone acetylation of proteins H3K14 and H3K27 in HepG2 cells. Mice were then fed with either a chow diet or western diet (WD), with or without BME (1%, w/w) supplementation, for 12 weeks to confirm hypolipidemic activity of BME. BME attenuated serum nonesterified fatty acids and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels, which was likely associated with the downregulation of hepatic lipogenic gene expression in WD-fed obese mice. Taken together, the hypolipidemic activity of BME was observed in HepG2 cells treated with fatty acids as well as in livers of obese mice, and the hepatoprotection of BME is likely associated with the inhibition of acetylation. Further investigation is warranted to determine whether BME can be developed into an efficacious dietary intervention to attenuate the progression of NAFLD by epigenetic regulation in clinical settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min-Yu Chung
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Hyo-Jin Kim
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Korea.,Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyo-Kyoung Choi
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Jae Ho Park
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Jin-Taek Hwang
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Korea.,Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lee J, Song JH, Chung MY, Lee JH, Nam TG, Park JH, Hwang JT, Choi HK. 3,4-dihydroxytoluene, a metabolite of rutin, suppresses the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice by inhibiting p300 histone acetyltransferase activity. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:1449-1460. [PMID: 33303988 PMCID: PMC8379200 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-00571-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
3,3',4',5,7-Pentahydroxyflavone-3-rhamnoglucoside (rutin) is a flavonoid with a wide range of pharmacological activities. Dietary rutin is hardly absorbed because the microflora in the large intestine metabolize rutin into a variety of compounds including quercetin and phenol derivatives such as 3,4-dihydroxyphenolacetic acid (DHPAA), 3,4-dihydroxytoluene (DHT), 3,4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (HPAA) and homovanillic acid (HVA). We examined the potential of rutin and its metabolites as novel histone acetyltransferase (HAT) inhibitors. DHPAA, HPAA and DHT at the concentration of 25 μM significantly inhibited in vitro HAT activity with DHT having the strongest inhibitory activity. Furthermore, DHT was shown to be a highly efficient inhibitor of p300 HAT activity, which corresponded with its high degree of inhibition on intracellular lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells. Docking simulation revealed that DHT was bound to the p300 catalytic pocket, bromodomain. Drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS) analysis further supported the possibility of direct binding between DHT and p300. In HepG2 cells, DHT concentration-dependently abrogated p300-histone binding and induced hypoacetylation of histone subunits H3K9, H3K36, H4K8 and H4K16, eventually leading to the downregulation of lipogenesis-related genes and attenuating lipid accumulation. In ob/ob mice, administration of DHT (10, 20 mg/kg, iv, every other day for 6 weeks) dose-dependently improved the NAFLD pathogenic features including body weight, liver mass, fat mass, lipid accumulation in the liver, and biochemical blood parameters, accompanied by the decreased mRNA expression of lipogenic genes in the liver. Our results demonstrate that DHT, a novel p300 histone acetyltransferase inhibitor, may be a potential preventive or therapeutic agent for NAFLD.
Collapse
|
11
|
Ting YH, Poon LCY, Tse WT, Chung MY, Wah YM, Hui ASY, Law KM, Chaemsaithong P, Leung TY. Outcome of radiofrequency ablation for selective fetal reduction before vs at or after 16 gestational weeks in complicated monochorionic pregnancy. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2021; 58:214-220. [PMID: 32730679 DOI: 10.1002/uog.22160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether gestational age at intervention (< or ≥ 16 weeks) and other factors affect the risk of loss of the cotwin after selective fetal reduction using radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in monochorionic (MC) pregnancy. METHODS This was a single-center retrospective analysis of 63 consecutive RFA procedures performed at our institution from January 2011 to October 2019 for selective fetal reduction in complicated MC pregnancies. Indications for RFA were twin reversed arterial perfusion sequence (13 cases), twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (12 cases), twin anemia-polycythemia sequence (two cases), selective fetal growth restriction (10 cases), discordant anomalies (17 cases) and multifetal pregnancy reduction in triplets or quadruplets with a MC pair (nine cases). Twenty-six (41.3%) of these procedures were performed before and 37 (58.7%) after 16 weeks. Potential factors that could affect the risk of loss of the cotwin, including gestational age at RFA, order of multiple pregnancy, amnionicity, indication for RFA and number of ablation cycles, were assessed first by univariate analysis and then by multivariate analysis. RESULTS There were 17 (27.0%) cotwin losses. Ablation cycles numbering four or more was the only factor among those investigated to be associated with loss of the cotwin after RFA (P = 0.035; odds ratio, 5.21), while the indication for RFA, order of multiple pregnancy, amnionicity and gestational age at RFA had no effect. Comparing RFA performed at < 16 vs ≥ 16 weeks, there was no difference in the rate of cotwin loss (23.1% vs 29.7%; P = 0.558) or preterm prelabor rupture of the membranes before 34 weeks (7.7% vs 5.4%; P = 0.853), or in the median gestational age at delivery (36.2 vs 37.3 weeks; P = 0.706). CONCLUSIONS RFA is a promising tool for early selective fetal reduction in MC pregnancy before 16 weeks. Four or more ablation cycles is a major risk factor for cotwin loss. Careful assessment pre- and post-RFA, together with proficient operative skills to minimize the number of ablation cycles, are the mainstay to ensure that this procedure is effective and safe. © 2020 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y H Ting
- Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - L C Y Poon
- Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - W T Tse
- Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - M Y Chung
- Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Y M Wah
- Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - A S Y Hui
- Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - K M Law
- Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - P Chaemsaithong
- Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - T Y Leung
- Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lee J, Chung MY, Chung S, Choi HK. Anacardic Acid Suppresses Adipogenesis Through Inhibition of the Hsp90/Akt Signaling Pathway in 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes. J Med Food 2021; 24:487-496. [PMID: 34009020 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2020.4830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Anacardic acid (AA), a major component of cashew nut shell liquid, has extensive bioactivities. However, little is known about its antiadipogenic properties or the mechanism that underpins them. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of AA on 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation and its mechanisms of action. AA inhibits lipid accumulation during adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocyte (IC50 = 25.45 μM). AA abrogates mRNA expressions of the genes implicated in lipogenesis and their transcription factors, especially Pparg and Cebpa. Furthermore, antibody microarray and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis results showed that the proteins implicated in the Akt signaling pathway were most likely altered by AA. Notably, upon AA treatment, heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90), a positive regulator of Akt, was decreased, resulting in Akt degradation. These findings indicate that AA, a natural product that acts as a Hsp90/Akt signaling inhibitor, may be a possible antiadipogenic agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jangho Lee
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Min-Yu Chung
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Sangwon Chung
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Hyo-Kyoung Choi
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lee SJ, Song Y, Chung MY, Kim IH, Kim BH. Isolation and compositional analysis of galactoglycerolipids from perilla [Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton] leaves and comparison to the galactoglycerolipids from spinach and parsley. J Food Sci 2020; 85:4271-4280. [PMID: 33174278 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to isolate monogalactosyldiacylglycerols (MGDGs) and digalactosyldiacylglycerols (DGDGs) from perilla [Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton] and to investigate their fatty acid profiles. Perilla displayed the greatest total MGDG and DGDG content among the three types of leaf vegetables tested, that is, spinach, parsley, and perilla, containing 0.16 g/100 g MGDG and 0.04 g/100 g DGDG (on wet weight basis). High purity MGDG (approximately 97 g/100 g) and DGDG (approximately 86 g/100 g) were isolated from perilla chloroform/methanol (2:1, v/v) extracts by two-step silica gel column chromatography. MGDGs were primarily composed of 18:3n-3 and 16:3n-3, predominantly located at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions, respectively. In DGDG, 18:3n-3 and 16:0 were the most abundant fatty acids and were primarily found at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions, respectively. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: MGDGs and DGDGs are the most prevalent forms of galactoglycerolipids found in leaf vegetables including perilla and have been shown to exert health-beneficial effects, such as antitumor, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and appetite-suppressing activities. Both MGDGs and DGDGs possess emulsifying properties. The present study may help better understand the health-beneficial effects of MGDG and DGDG from perilla, by providing total composition and positional distribution of the fatty acids. The present study also successfully established a protocol to isolate high purity MGDG and DGDG from perilla, thereby increasing their possible use as an ingredient in foods and nutraceuticals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soo Jeong Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Korea
| | - Yejin Song
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Korea
| | - Min-Yu Chung
- Korea Food Research Institute, Jeonbuk, 55365, Korea
| | - In-Hwan Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - Byung Hee Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chung S, Chung MY, Choi HK, Park JH, Hwang JT, Joung H. Animal Protein Intake Is Positively Associated with Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factors in Middle-Aged Korean Men. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12113415. [PMID: 33172198 PMCID: PMC7694953 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Few studies have examined the relationship of protein intake by food source with metabolic syndrome in Korean adults, even though animal food intake has increased. This study examined the association between plant and animal protein intake and metabolic syndrome among middle-aged Korean adults. A total of 13,485 subjects aged 30-64 years were selected from the 2013-2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Protein intake was assessed using 24-h dietary recall data and divided into quintiles. Men had a higher percentage of energy intake from animal protein (7.4%) than plant protein (6.9%). Men in the highest quintile group of animal protein intake had a higher prevalence of abdominal obesity (OR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.00-1.70), reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (OR: 1.43, 95% CI: 1.07-1.90), and elevated fasting glucose (OR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.01-1.74), after adjusting for covariates. Furthermore, stronger associations of animal protein intake with abdominal obesity were shown in men who consumed less than estimated energy requirements (OR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.11-2.31). Plant protein intake was negatively associated with increased blood pressure in men. Neither animal nor plant protein intakes were significantly associated with any of the metabolic syndrome risk factors in women. The results imply that lower animal protein intake may be a beneficial factor for metabolic syndrome management in middle-aged Korean men.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sangwon Chung
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Korea; (S.C.); (M.-Y.C.); (H.-K.C.); (J.H.P.); (J.-T.H.)
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Min-Yu Chung
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Korea; (S.C.); (M.-Y.C.); (H.-K.C.); (J.H.P.); (J.-T.H.)
| | - Hyo-Kyoung Choi
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Korea; (S.C.); (M.-Y.C.); (H.-K.C.); (J.H.P.); (J.-T.H.)
| | - Jae Ho Park
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Korea; (S.C.); (M.-Y.C.); (H.-K.C.); (J.H.P.); (J.-T.H.)
| | - Jin-Taek Hwang
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Korea; (S.C.); (M.-Y.C.); (H.-K.C.); (J.H.P.); (J.-T.H.)
- Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Hyojee Joung
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-880-2716
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Song Y, Roh S, Hwang J, Chung MY, Kim IH, Kim BH. Immobilized Phospholipase A 1-Catalyzed Preparation of l-α-Glycerylphosphorylcholine from Phosphatidylcholine. J Agric Food Chem 2020; 68:12375-12383. [PMID: 33084321 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c06381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study sought to prepare a cognitive enhancer l-α-glycerylphosphorylcholine (l-α-GPC) using an immobilized Lecitase Ultra (LU, phospholipase A1) to catalyze the hydrolysis of soy phosphatidylcholine (PC). Immobilization of LU on Lewatit VP OC 1600 provided the highest fixation level (83.1 g/100 g) and greatest catalytic activity achieving 100 g/100 g l-α-GPC within 20 h and was therefore selected as the optimal system for biocatalysis. Immobilization of LU increased its positional specificity compared to free LU, as shown by a decrease in the production of the phosphocholine byproduct. Under the optimal conditions determined by response surface methodology, PC was completely hydrolyzed to l-α-GPC and required a simple purification via phase separation of the biphasic media to obtain a yield of ∼26.4 g l-α-GPC from 100 g PC, with a purity of 98.5 g/100 g. Our findings suggest a possibility of using the immobilized LU as a new biocatalyst for the l-α-GPC production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yejin Song
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Korea
| | - Seoye Roh
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Korea
| | - Jihyun Hwang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Korea
| | - Min-Yu Chung
- Korea Food Research Institute, Jeonbuk 55365, Korea
| | - In-Hwan Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Byung Hee Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hwang JT, Kim HJ, Choi HK, Park JH, Chung S, Chung MY. Butein Synergizes with Statin to Upregulate Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor Through HNF1α-Mediated PCSK9 Inhibition in HepG2 Cells. J Med Food 2020; 23:1102-1108. [PMID: 32835593 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2020.4761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Downregulation of the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor (LDLR) can lead to hypercholesterolemia and related conditions, including cardiovascular diseases. Statins are a class of LDL cholesterol-lowering agents and are best-selling medications for patients at high risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. Indeed, statins upregulate LDLR and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9a (PCSK9), leading to LDLR lysosomal degradation, which interferes with the attenuation of hypercholesterolemia. In the present study, butein was found to decrease extracellular PCSK9 levels by reducing its mRNA expression, which was attributable to butein-mediated downregulation of HNF1α in HepG2 cells. Butein-mediated PCSK9 inhibition further reversed LDLR protein synthesis inhibition, which possibly occurred through butein-mediated inhibition of LDLR degradation. When treated as a combination of butein and a statin, butein reduced statin-mediated enhancement of PCSK9 protein expression. This resulted in a synergistic enhancement of LDLR protein expression, whereas butein alone marginally increased LDLR protein expression. These findings suggest that butein, a novel PCSK9 inhibitor, may be a potential alternative or adjunct to statin treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Taek Hwang
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-Gun, Korea.,Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyo Jin Kim
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-Gun, Korea.,Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | | | - Jae-Ho Park
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-Gun, Korea
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chung S, Chung MY, Choi HK, Park JH, Hwang JT. Consumption of black food decreases the risk of abdominal obesity in Korean women. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2020; 28:266-275. [PMID: 31192556 DOI: 10.6133/apjcn.201906_28(2).0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The association between black-colored foods (black foods) such as black beans, known for their high antioxidant capacity, and the prevention of metabolic diseases has been explored, but not in a large population. Therefore, this study examined relationships between the consumption of black foods and metabolic syndrome in Korean adults. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN Data from 9,499 40-65-year old subjects (3,675 men and 5,824 women) from the 2010-2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used in the analysis. Black food consumption was estimated using 24-h dietary recall data, and analyses were performed according to black food consumer and non-consumer groups. RESULTS The average total consumption of black foods was higher in women than men. The total black food consumer group in women had a 24% reduced risk of abdominal obesity than the non-consumer group (p=0.007). Furthermore, waist circumference decreased significantly with an increase in total black food consumption in women. High consumption of total black foods and black beans reduced the risk of abdominal obesity by 26% (p for trend=0.012) and 29% (p for trend=0.003) compared with no consumption. No risk factors for metabolic syndrome were associated with black food consumption in men. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, black foods, including black beans, may have beneficial effects on metabolic syndrome components, especially abdominal obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sangwon Chung
- Research group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Yu Chung
- Research group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Kyoung Choi
- Research group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ho Park
- Research group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Taek Hwang
- Research group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kim J, Song Y, Lee SJ, Lee JE, Chung MY, Kim IH, Kim BH. Enzymatic preparation of food-grade l-α-glycerylphosphorylcholine from soy phosphatidylcholine or fractionated soy lecithin. Biotechnol Prog 2020; 36:e2910. [PMID: 31513729 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
l-α-Glycerylphosphorylcholine (l-α-GPC) is a biosynthetic precursor for the neurotransmitter acetylcholine in humans, making it a useful as a cognitive enhancer for treating patients with stroke and dementia, including Alzheimer's disease. The aim of this study was to prepare l-α-GPC via Novozym 435 (an immobilized Candida antarctica lipase B)-catalyzed hydrolysis of soy phosphatidylcholine or a fractionated soy lecithin, from which triacylglycerols were completely removed, followed by food-grade solvent extraction of l-α-GPC from the reaction products. The reaction was performed in n-hexane-water biphasic media in a stirred-batch reactor. Phosphatidylcholine was completely hydrolyzed to l-α-GPC under optimal conditions: temperature, 55°C; water content, 100 wt% of the substrate weight; enzyme loading, 10 wt% of the substrate weight; and reaction time of 6 hr (for soy phosphatidylcholine) or 8 hr (for fractionated soy lecithin). Water-soluble fractions of the reaction products containing 98.6 area% l-α-GPC (from soy phosphatidylcholine) or 52.4 area% glycerophosphodiesters, including l-α-GPC (from fractionated soy lecithin), were obtained after phase separation of the media. The resulting products would be suitable for use as food-grade cognitive enhancers because of the use of enzymatic reaction and food-grade solvent extraction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeongeun Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Yejin Song
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jeong Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Eun Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Yu Chung
- Korea Food Research Institute, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Hwan Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Hee Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kim HJ, Choi HK, Chung MY, Park JH, Chung S, Lee SH, Hwang JT. Ethanol Extract of Ligularia fischeri Inhibits the Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Response by Exerting Anti-Histone Acetyltransferase Activity to Negatively Regulate p65. J Med Food 2019; 22:1127-1135. [PMID: 31596631 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2019.4412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity is well established to regulate inflammatory responses. In contrast, the mechanisms by which natural nutritional extracts influence epigenetic mechanisms to regulate inflammation have not yet been thoroughly investigated. Thus, in the present study, we observed that the anti-HAT activity exerted by an ethanol extract of Ligularia fischeri (ELF) inhibited inflammation. Specifically, we used a cell-free system to show that ELF attenuates HAT activity. We also demonstrated that ELF decreases lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced HAT mRNA and protein expression levels in Raw 264.7 cells, and thereby attenuates inflammation-induced patterns of hyperacetylation at nonhistone and histone-H4 proteins. Interestingly, we found that ELF blocked p65 translocation in LPS-stimulated Raw 264.7 cells by attenuating acetylation at lysine residue 310 of p65. Finally, we investigated whether ELF reduces the inflammatory cytokines, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNFα, using its HAT inhibitor activity. Taken together, these results suggest that ELF negatively regulates inflammatory responses by inhibiting HATs and HAT activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Jin Kim
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Korea.,Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyo-Kyoung Choi
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Min-Yu Chung
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Park
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Sangwon Chung
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin-Taek Hwang
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Korea.,Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Hong M, Hwang JT, Shin EJ, Hur HJ, Kang K, Choi HK, Chung MY, Chung S, Sung MJ, Park JH. Genome-wide analysis of DNA methylation identifies novel differentially methylated regions associated with lipid accumulation improved by ethanol extracts of Allium tubersosum and Capsella bursa-pastoris in a cell model. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217877. [PMID: 31170227 PMCID: PMC6553759 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic steatosis is the most common chronic liver disease in Western countries. Both genetic and environmental factors are known as causes of the disease although their underlying mechanisms have not been fully understood. This study investigated the association of DNA methylation with oleic acid-induced hepatic steatosis. It also examined effects of food components on DNA methylation in hepatic steatosis. Genome-wide DNA methylation of oleic acid (OA)-induced lipid accumulation in vitro cell model was investigated using reduced representation bisulfite sequencing. Changes of DNA methylation were also analyzed after treatment with food components decreasing OA-induced lipid accumulation in the model. We identified total 81 regions that were hypermethylated by OA but hypomethylated by food components or vice versa. We determined the expression of seven genes proximally located at the selected differentially methylated regions. Expression levels of WDR27, GNAS, DOK7, MCF2L, PRKG1, and CMYA5 were significantly different between control vs OA and OA vs treatment with food components. We demonstrated that DNA methylation was associated with expression of genes in the model of hepatic steatosis. We also found that food components reversely changed DNA methylation induced by OA and alleviated lipid accumulation. These results suggest that DNA methylation is one of the mechanisms causing the hepatic steatosis and its regulation by food components provides insights that may prevent or alleviate lipid accumulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moonju Hong
- Division of Food Functionality, Korea Food Research Institute, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Taek Hwang
- Division of Food Functionality, Korea Food Research Institute, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ju Shin
- Division of Food Functionality, Korea Food Research Institute, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea
| | - Haeng Jeon Hur
- Division of Food Functionality, Korea Food Research Institute, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea
| | - Keunsoo Kang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Natural Sciences, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Kyoung Choi
- Division of Food Functionality, Korea Food Research Institute, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Yu Chung
- Division of Food Functionality, Korea Food Research Institute, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangwon Chung
- Division of Food Functionality, Korea Food Research Institute, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Jeong Sung
- Division of Food Functionality, Korea Food Research Institute, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Park
- Division of Food Functionality, Korea Food Research Institute, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Chung MY, Song JH, Lee J, Shin EJ, Park JH, Lee SH, Hwang JT, Choi HK. Tannic acid, a novel histone acetyltransferase inhibitor, prevents non-alcoholic fatty liver disease both in vivo and in vitro model. Mol Metab 2018; 19:34-48. [PMID: 30473486 PMCID: PMC6323241 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective We examined the potential of tannic acid (TA) as a novel histone acetyltransferase inhibitor (HATi) and demonstrated that TA prevents non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by inhibiting HAT activity. Methods The anti-HAT activity of TA was examined using HAT activity assays. An in vitro NAFLD model was generated by treating HepG2 cells with oleic and palmitic acids. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a control diet (CD) or Western diet (WD) with or without supplementation with either 1% or 3% TA (w/w) for 12 weeks. Finally, the possibility of interacting p300 and TA was simulated. Results TA suppressed HAT activity both in vitro and in vivo. Interestingly, TA abrogated occupancy of p300 on the sterol regulatory element in the fatty acid synthase and ATP-citrate lyase promoters, eventually inducing hypoacetylation of H3K9 and H3K36. Furthermore, TA decreased acetylation at lysine residues 9 and 36 of histone H3 protein and that of total proteins. Consequently, TA decreased the mRNA expression of lipogenesis-related genes and attenuated lipid accumulation in vivo. We observed that NAFLD features, including body weight, liver mass, fat mass, and lipid profile in serum, were improved by TA supplementation in vivo. Finally, we demonstrated the possibility that TA directly binds to p300 through docking simulation between ligand and protein. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that TA, a novel HATi, has potential application for the prevention of NAFLD. Tannic acid is a general inhibitor of histone acetyltransferase. Tannic acid decreases transcriptional activity of the lipogenesis-related genes through its HATi activity. Tannic acid ameliorates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in the western diet-fed mice through its HATi activity. Tannic acid binds to EP300, possibly reducing its activity through inducing conformational change of EP300.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min-Yu Chung
- Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Song
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhyuk Lee
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Bioinformatics, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ju Shin
- Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea; Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science & Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ho Park
- Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 03722 Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Taek Hwang
- Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea; Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science & Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyo-Kyoung Choi
- Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Kim J, Chung MY, Choi HD, Choi IW, Kim BH. Enzymatic Synthesis of Structured Monogalactosyldiacylglycerols Enriched in Pinolenic Acid. J Agric Food Chem 2018; 66:8079-8085. [PMID: 29998729 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b02599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We enzymatically prepared structured monogalactosydiacylglycerols (MGDGs) enriched in pinolenic acid (PLA). PLA-enriched free fatty acids (FFAs) containing ∼86 mol % PLA were produced from an FFA fraction obtained from pine nut oil (PLA content, ∼13 mol %) by urea crystallization. Commercial MGDGs (5 mg) were acidolyzed with PLA-enriched FFAs using four commercial immobilized lipases as biocatalysts. The reaction was performed in acetone (4 mL) in a stirred-batch reactor. Lipozyme RM IM (immobilized Rhizomucor miehei lipase) was the most effective biocatalyst for the reaction. Structured MGDGs containing 42.1 mol % PLA were obtained under optimal reaction conditions: temperature, 25 °C; substrate molar ratio, 1:30 (MGDGs/PLA-enriched FFAs); enzyme loading, 20 wt % of total substrates; and reaction time, 36 h. The structured MGDGs were separated from the reaction products at a purity of 96.6 wt % using silica column chromatography. The structured MGDGs could be possibly used as emulsifiers with appetite-suppression effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiwon Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology , Chung-Ang University , Anseong 17546 , Korea
| | - Min-Yu Chung
- Korea Food Research Institute , Jeonbuk 55365 , Korea
| | - Hee-Don Choi
- Korea Food Research Institute , Jeonbuk 55365 , Korea
| | - In-Wook Choi
- Korea Food Research Institute , Jeonbuk 55365 , Korea
| | - Byung Hee Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition , Sookmyung Women's University , Seoul 04310 , Korea
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Choi HK, Hwang JT, Nam TG, Kim SH, Min DK, Park SW, Chung MY. Welsh onion extract inhibits PCSK9 expression contributing to the maintenance of the LDLR level under lipid depletion conditions of HepG2 cells. Food Funct 2018; 8:4582-4591. [PMID: 29130084 DOI: 10.1039/c7fo00562h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Statins mediate the transactivation of PCSK9, which in turn limits their cholesterol-lowering effects via LDL receptor (LDLR) degradation. The objective of the present study was to investigate the mechanism of action by which Welsh onion (Allium fistulosum L. [family Amaryllidaceae]) extract (WOE) regulates LDLR and PCSK9. HepG2 cells were cultured under lipid depletion conditions using a medium supplemented with delipidated serum (DLPS). WOE (50, 100, 200, and 400 μg ml-1) significantly attenuated the DLPS-mediated increases in LDLR, PCSK9, and SREBP2 gene expression. While WOE treatment maintained the DLPS-mediated increases in LDLR protein expression, it dose-dependently and significantly attenuated the DLPS-mediated increases in the protein content of PCSK9. The suppression of PCSK9 was associated with the WOE-mediated reductions in SREBP2, but not HNF1α. WOE also dose-dependently reduced PCSK9 protein expression that was otherwise markedly induced by concomitant statin treatment. WOE-mediated PCSK9 inhibition contributed to LDLR lysosomal degradation suppression, and subsequent LDLR protein stabilization. HPLC analysis indicated that WOE contains kaempferol, quercetin, ferulic acid, and p-coumaric acid. Kaempferol and p-coumaric acid contributed to the maintenance of LDLR expression by inhibiting PCSK9 in lipid depleted HepG2 cells. Altogether, these findings suggest that WOE inhibits PCSK9 transcription and protein expression via the reduction of SREBP2, and decreased PCSK9 further contributes to LDLR degradation prevention and LDLR protein stabilization under conditions of lipoprotein deficiency. The PCSK9 inhibition-mediated mechanism of WOE was likely attributed to the action of kaempferol and p-coumaric acid present in WOE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Kyoung Choi
- Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam City, Republic of Korea.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Hwang JT, Shin EJ, Chung MY, Park JH, Chung S, Choi HK. Ethanol extract of Allium fistulosum inhibits development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Nutr Res Pract 2018; 12:110-117. [PMID: 29629027 PMCID: PMC5886962 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2018.12.2.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a leading cause of chronic liver disease and is closely associated with metabolic syndrome. In the present study, we observed the effect of ethanol extract of Allium fistulosum (EAF) on NAFLD and have suggested the possibility of using EAF as a natural product for application in the development of a treatment for NAFLD. MATERIALS/METHODS The preventive effect on hepatic lipid accumulation was estimated by using an oleic acid (OA)-induced NAFLD model in vitro and a Western diet (high-fat high-sucrose; WD)-induced obese mouse model. Animals were divided into three groups (n = 7): normal diet group (ND), WD group, and WD plus 1% EAF group. RESULTS EAF reduced OA-stimulated lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells in the absence of cellular cytotoxicity and significantly blocked transcriptional activation of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 and fatty acid synthase genes. Subsequently, we investigated these effects in vivo in mice fed either ND or WD in the presence or absence of EAF supplementation. In comparison to the ND controls, the WD-fed mice exhibited increases in body weight, liver weight, epididymal fat weight, and accumulation of fat in hepatocytes, and these effects were significantly attenuated by EAF supplementation. CONCLUSIONS Allium fistulosum attenuates the development of NAFLD, and EAF elicits anti-lipogenic activity in liver. Therefore, EAF represents a promising candidate for use in the development of novel therapeutic drugs or drug combinations for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Taek Hwang
- Korea Food Research Institute, 245 Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Jeonbuk 55365, Korea.,Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science & Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Eun Ju Shin
- Korea Food Research Institute, 245 Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Jeonbuk 55365, Korea.,Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science & Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Min-Yu Chung
- Korea Food Research Institute, 245 Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Jeonbuk 55365, Korea
| | - Jae Ho Park
- Korea Food Research Institute, 245 Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Jeonbuk 55365, Korea.,Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science & Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Sangwon Chung
- Korea Food Research Institute, 245 Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Jeonbuk 55365, Korea
| | - Hyo-Kyoung Choi
- Korea Food Research Institute, 245 Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Jeonbuk 55365, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Shin EJ, Choi HK, Sung MJ, Park JH, Chung MY, Chung S, Hwang JT. Anti-tumour effects of beta-sitosterol are mediated by AMPK/PTEN/HSP90 axis in AGS human gastric adenocarcinoma cells and xenograft mouse models. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 152:60-70. [PMID: 29559312 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the anti-cancer effects of beta-sitosterol (BS), a plant-derived sterol in AGS human gastric adenocarcinoma cells and xenograft mouse models. BS significantly reduced cell viability by inducing apoptosis in AGS adenocarcinoma cells. This was accompanied by the formation of apoptotic bodies, as detected by Annexin V, caspase 3/7 activity, and MitoPotential assay. BS stimulated phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and phospho-AMP-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK) expression. Pharmacological inhibitors or siRNA were used to further analyse the relationship between the two proteins. AMPK was found to represent a likely upstream regulator of PTEN. Additionally, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to identify related proteins in the treatment of BS. The decrease of Hsp90 protein by BS was observed. Induction of PTEN protein and reduction of Hsp90 was mediated by AICAR, an AMPK activator, indicating that AMPK is necessary for PTEN and Hsp90 expression. Additionally, BS was found to be effective through the regulation of cancer biomarker. Furthermore, BS suppressed tumour growth without toxicity in the AGS xenograft mouse models-. Taken together, the present results demonstrate that BS exerts anti-cancer effects in AGS cells and xenograft mouse models by mediating AMPK, PTEN, and Hsp90.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun Ju Shin
- Korea Food Research Institute, 245, Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea; Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science & Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Kyoung Choi
- Korea Food Research Institute, 245, Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Jeong Sung
- Korea Food Research Institute, 245, Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ho Park
- Korea Food Research Institute, 245, Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Yu Chung
- Korea Food Research Institute, 245, Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangwon Chung
- Korea Food Research Institute, 245, Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Taek Hwang
- Korea Food Research Institute, 245, Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea; Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science & Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Chung MY, Kim IH, Kim BH. Preparation of Pinolenic Acid Concentrates from Pine Nut Oil Fatty Acids by Solvent Fractionation. J Oleo Sci 2018; 67:1373-1379. [DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess18100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - In-Hwan Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Korea University
| | - Byung Hee Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women’s University
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Suk S, Kwon GT, Lee E, Jang WJ, Yang H, Kim JH, Thimmegowda NR, Chung MY, Kwon JY, Yang S, Kim JK, Park JHY, Lee KW. Gingerenone A, a polyphenol present in ginger, suppresses obesity and adipose tissue inflammation in high-fat diet-fed mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61:10.1002/mnfr.201700139. [PMID: 28556482 PMCID: PMC5947313 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Ginger exerts protective effects on obesity and its complications. Our objectives here are to identify bioactive compounds that inhibit adipogenesis and lipid accumulation in vitro, elucidate the anti-obesity effect of gingerenone A (GA) in diet-induced obesity (DIO), and investigate whether GA affects adipose tissue inflammation (ATI). METHODS AND RESULTS Oil red O staining showed that GA had the most potent inhibitory effect on adipogenesis and lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells among ginger components tested at a single concentration (40 μM). Consistent with in vitro data, GA attenuates DIO by reducing fat mass in mice. This was accompanied by a modulation of fatty acid metabolism via activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, GA suppressed ATI by inhibiting macrophage recruitment and downregulating pro-inflammatory cytokines. CONCLUSION These results suggest that GA may be used as a potential therapeutic candidate for the treatment of obesity and its complications by suppressing adipose expansion and inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sujin Suk
- Major in Biomodulation, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyoo Taik Kwon
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjung Lee
- Major in Biomodulation, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Jung Jang
- Major in Biomodulation, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Yang
- Major in Biomodulation, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hun Kim
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - N. R. Thimmegowda
- Chemical Biology Research Center and World Class Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Yu Chung
- Major in Biomodulation, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Yeon Kwon
- Program in Molecular Medicine and Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Seunghee Yang
- Major in Biomodulation, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jason K. Kim
- Major in Biomodulation, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Program in Molecular Medicine and Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Jung Han Yoon Park
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Won Lee
- Major in Biomodulation, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Chung MY, Shin EJ, Choi HK, Kim SH, Sung MJ, Park JH, Hwang JT. Schisandra chinensis berry extract protects against steatosis by inhibiting histone acetylation in oleic acid–treated HepG2 cells and in the livers of diet-induced obese mice. Nutr Res 2017; 46:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
29
|
Hwang JT, Choi HK, Kim SH, Chung S, Hur HJ, Park JH, Chung MY. Hypolipidemic Activity of Quercus acutissima Fruit Ethanol Extract is Mediated by Inhibition of Acetylation. J Med Food 2017; 20:542-549. [PMID: 28581876 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2016.3912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The acetylation of histone and nonhistone proteins is associated with adipogenesis. The objective of the present study was to investigate whether an ethanol extract of Quercus acutissima fruit (QF) exhibits antiobesity effects through inhibition of acetylation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and high fat diet (HFD)-fed obese mice. We observed that QF acts as a histone acetyltransferase (HAT) inhibitor and that QF (400 μg/mL) markedly inhibits the activity of p300 and CREB-binding protein. QF (200 μg/mL) significantly attenuated lipid accumulation without apparent toxicity, which is likely attributable to a decrease in the expressions of lipogenic proteins, including fatty acid synthase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1, and CCAAT-enhancer-binding proteins alpha that were otherwise increased by MDI (a hormonal cocktail containing methyl isobutylmethylxanthine, dexamethasone, and insulin). MDI increased the acetylation of total lysine residues in whole 3T3-L1 cell lysate, an effect that was reversed by QF treatment (200 μg/mL). To further confirm the antiobesity activity of QF, mice were fed with HFD supplemented with QF at 50 and 200 mg/kg body weight. Mice fed with HFD exhibited increased masses of body, liver, and retroperitoneal fat, an effect that was suppressed in the presence of QF supplementation. QF-mediated decreases in body weight were attributable to a decrease in the average size of lipid droplets, as well as lipid accumulation in retroperitoneal fat and the liver, respectively. QF-mediated reductions in the size of the lipid droplets in the retroperitoneal fat tissue were likely associated with decreased expression of DGAT2. Taken together, our observations suggest that QF acts as an HAT inhibitor and attenuates adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, resulting in the mitigation of HFD-induced obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Taek Hwang
- 1 Korea Food Research Institute , Seongnam, Korea.,2 Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science & Technology , Daejeon, Korea
| | | | - Sung Hee Kim
- 1 Korea Food Research Institute , Seongnam, Korea
| | | | | | - Jae Ho Park
- 1 Korea Food Research Institute , Seongnam, Korea.,2 Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science & Technology , Daejeon, Korea
| | - Min-Yu Chung
- 1 Korea Food Research Institute , Seongnam, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Chung MY, Woo H, Kim J, Kong D, Choi HD, Choi IW, Kim IH, Noh SK, Kim BH. Pinolenic Acid in Structured Triacylglycerols Exhibits Superior Intestinal Lymphatic Absorption As Compared to Pinolenic Acid in Natural Pine Nut Oil. J Agric Food Chem 2017; 65:1543-1549. [PMID: 28198188 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b05216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The positional distribution pattern of fatty acids (FAs) in the triacylglycerols (TAGs) affects intestinal absorption of these FAs. The aim of this study was to compare lymphatic absorption of pinolenic acid (PLA) present in structured pinolenic TAG (SPT) where PLA was evenly distributed on the glycerol backbone, with absorption of pine nut oil (PNO) where PLA was predominantly positioned at the sn-3 position. SPT was prepared via the nonspecific lipase-catalyzed esterification of glycerol with free FA obtained from PNO. Lymphatic absorption of PLA from PNO and from SPT was compared in a rat model of lymphatic cannulation. Significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of PLA were detected in lymph collected for 8 h from an emulsion containing SPT (28.5 ± 0.7% dose) than from an emulsion containing PNO (26.2 ± 0.6% dose), thereby indicating that PLA present in SPT has a greater capacity for lymphatic absorption than PLA from PNO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min-Yu Chung
- Korea Food Research Institute , Seongnam 13539, Korea
| | - Hyunjoon Woo
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University , Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Juyeon Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Changwon National University , Changwon 51140, Korea
| | - Daecheol Kong
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Changwon National University , Changwon 51140, Korea
| | - Hee-Don Choi
- Korea Food Research Institute , Seongnam 13539, Korea
| | - In-Wook Choi
- Korea Food Research Institute , Seongnam 13539, Korea
| | - In-Hwan Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Korea University , Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Sang K Noh
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Changwon National University , Changwon 51140, Korea
| | - Byung Hee Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University , Seoul 04310, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Choi HK, Shin EJ, Park SJ, Hur HJ, Park JH, Chung MY, Kim MS, Hwang JT. Ethanol Extract of Capsella bursa-pastoris Improves Hepatic Steatosis Through Inhibition of Histone Acetyltransferase Activity. J Med Food 2017; 20:251-257. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2016.3877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Eun Ju Shin
- Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam-si, Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Su Jin Park
- Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam-si, Korea
| | | | - Jae Ho Park
- Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam-si, Korea
| | - Min-Yu Chung
- Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam-si, Korea
| | - Myung Sunny Kim
- Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam-si, Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jin-Taek Hwang
- Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam-si, Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Shin EJ, Park JH, Sung MJ, Chung MY, Hwang JT. Citrus junos Tanaka peel ameliorates hepatic lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells and in mice fed a high-cholesterol diet. Altern Ther Health Med 2016; 16:499. [PMID: 27912736 PMCID: PMC5135759 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1460-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Citrus junos Tanaka (yuja), a yellow-coloured citrus fruit has traditionally been consumed in Korea, Japan, and China and has been found effective in preventing certain diseases. However, the inhibitory effect of yuja on hepatic lipid accumulation has not been clearly elucidated thus far. Methods The inhibitory effect of yuja on hepatic lipid accumulation was investigated in both cell culture and mouse models. We investigated the inhibitory effect of ethanol extract of yuja peel (YE) using HepG2 cells. We next confirmed the effect of YE in mice fed a high cholesterol diet. Animals were divided into 4 groups (n = 8): a normal diet group (ND), a high-cholesterol diet group (HC), high-cholesterol diet plus 1% YE (YL), high-cholesterol diet plus 5% YE (YH). Result Seventy percent ethanolic extracts of yuja peel (YE) reduced oleic acid-induced hepatic lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells. Treatment with YE at 100, 200 μg/mL up-regulated expression levels of cholesterol metabolism-related proteins such as AMPK, ACC, PPAR-α, and CPT1 and down-regulated the expression of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase. The hypocholesterolemic effect of YE was further confirmed in mice fed a high-cholesterol diet. Compared to ND (normal diet) mice, HC (high-cholesterol diet) mice showed increased body weight, liver fat content, liver weight, and content of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. On the contrary, administrations of YL (HC + 1% YE) or YH (HC + 5% YE) significantly reduced body weight, liver fat content, liver weight, total cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol compared to those of only HC fed mice group. As a result of in vitro data, protein expressions of PPAR-α and CPT1 were induced in mice fed YE diet compared to HC diet but HMGCR expression was decreased. Conclusions Yuja peel ameliorates hepatic lipid accumulation in both cell culture and mouse models and therefore, could serve as a useful supplement for hypercholesterolemia.
Collapse
|
33
|
Chung JO, Park SY, Cho DH, Chung DJ, Chung MY. Plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin levels are positively associated with diabetic retinopathy in patients with Type 2 diabetes. Diabet Med 2016; 33:1649-1654. [PMID: 27100138 DOI: 10.1111/dme.13141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To assess the relationship between plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) levels and diabetic retinopathy in patients with Type 2 diabetes. METHODS In total, 204 patients with Type 2 diabetes were investigated in this cross-sectional study. They were classified as having no diabetic retinopathy, non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) or proliferative retinopathy (PDR), according to the degree of diabetic retinopathy. Thus, diabetic retinopathy in the patients in this study was either NPDR or PDR. RESULTS Plasma NGAL concentrations were significantly higher in patients with diabetic retinopathy than in those without. The mean plasma NGAL levels differed significantly according to the severity of diabetic retinopathy (no diabetic retinopathy, 120.8 ng/ml; NPDR, 217.8 ng/ml; PDR, 372.4 ng/ml; P for trend = 0.002) after adjustment for other covariates. In multivariable analysis, plasma NGAL levels were significantly associated with diabetic retinopathy (odds ratio for each standard deviation increase in the logarithmic value, 7.75; 95% confidence interval, 2.04-29.41, P = 0.003). CONCLUSION Plasma NGAL levels were positively associated with diabetic retinopathy in patients with Type 2 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J O Chung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - S Y Park
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - D H Cho
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - D J Chung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - M Y Chung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Chung MY, Shin HS, Choi DW, Shon DH. Citrus Tachibana
Leaf Extract Mitigates Symptoms of Food Allergy by Inhibiting Th2-Associated Responses. J Food Sci 2016; 81:H1537-45. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min-Yu Chung
- Div. of Creative Food Science for Health; Korea Food Research Inst; Seongnam 463-746 Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Soon Shin
- Food Biotechnology Program; Korea Univ. of Science and Technology; Daejeon 305-350 Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Woon Choi
- Div. of Creative Food Science for Health; Korea Food Research Inst; Seongnam 463-746 Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hwa Shon
- Food Biotechnology Program; Korea Univ. of Science and Technology; Daejeon 305-350 Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Woo H, Chung MY, Kim J, Kong D, Min J, Choi HD, Choi IW, Kim IH, Noh SK, Kim BH. Conjugated Linoleic Triacylglycerols Exhibit Superior Lymphatic Absorption Than Free Conjugate Linoleic Acids and Have Antiobesity Properties. J Med Food 2016; 19:486-94. [PMID: 27081749 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2015.3627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to compare lymphatic absorption of conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) in the triacylglycerol (TAG) or free fatty acid (FFA) form and to examine the antiobesity effects of different doses of CLAs in the TAG form in animals. Conjugated linoleic TAGs (containing 70.3 wt% CLAs; CLA-TAG) were prepared through lipase-catalyzed esterification of glycerol with commercial CLA mixtures (CLA-FFA). Lymphatic absorption of CLA-TAG and CLA-FFA was compared in a rat model of lymphatic cannulation. Greater amounts of cis-9,trans-11 and trans-10,cis-12 CLAs were detected in the collected lymph from a lipid emulsion containing CLA-TAG. This result suggests that CLA-TAG has greater capacity for lymphatic absorption than does CLA-FFA. The antiobesity efficacy of CLA-TAG at different doses was examined in mice with diet-induced obesity. A high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks caused a significant increase in body weight and epididymal and retroperitoneal fat weights, which were significantly decreased by 2% dietary supplementation (w/w) with CLA-TAG. CLA-TAG at 2% significantly attenuated the HFD-induced upregulation of serum TAG, but led to hepatomegaly and exacerbated HFD-induced hypercholesterolemia. CLA-TAG at 1% significantly attenuated upregulation of retroperitoneal fat weight and significantly increased liver weight, which was decreased by the HFD. Nonetheless, the liver weight in group "HFD +1% CLA-TAG" was not significantly different from that of normal diet controls. CLA-TAG at 1% significantly reduced serum TAG levels and did not exacerbate HFD-induced hypercholesterolemia. Thus, 1% dietary supplementation with CLA-TAG reduces retroperitoneal fat weight without apparent hepatomegaly, a known side-effect of CLAs in mouse models of obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjoon Woo
- 1 Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University , Anseong, Korea
| | - Min-Yu Chung
- 2 Korea Food Research Institute , Seongnam, Korea
| | - Juyeon Kim
- 3 Department of Food and Nutrition, Changwon National University , Changwon, Korea
| | - Daecheol Kong
- 3 Department of Food and Nutrition, Changwon National University , Changwon, Korea
| | - Jinyoung Min
- 2 Korea Food Research Institute , Seongnam, Korea
| | - Hee-Don Choi
- 2 Korea Food Research Institute , Seongnam, Korea
| | - In-Wook Choi
- 2 Korea Food Research Institute , Seongnam, Korea
| | - In-Hwan Kim
- 4 Department of Food and Nutrition, Korea University , Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang K Noh
- 3 Department of Food and Nutrition, Changwon National University , Changwon, Korea
| | - Byung Hee Kim
- 5 Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University , Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Chung MY, Hwang JT, Kim JH, Shon DH, Kim HK. Sarcodon aspratus Extract Ameliorates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis in Mouse Colon and Mesenteric Lymph Nodes. J Food Sci 2016; 81:H1301-8. [PMID: 27074537 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Revised: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mushrooms have been previously investigated for their immune-modulating and anti-inflammatory properties. We examined whether the anti-inflammatory properties of Sarcodon aspratus ethanol extract (SAE) could elicit protective effects against dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in vivo. Male C57/BL6 mice were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatment groups: control (CON; n = 8), DSS-treated (DSS; n = 9), DSS+SAE at 50 mg/kg BW (SAE50; n = 8), and DSS+SAE at 200 mg/kg BW groups (SAE200; n = 9). DSS treatment induced significant weight loss, which was significantly recovered by SAE200. Although SAE did not affect DSS-mediated reductions in colon length, it improved diarrhea and rectal bleeding induced by DSS. SAE at 200 mg/kg BW significantly attenuated IL-6 and enhanced IL-10 expression in mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), and significantly reduced IL-6 levels in splenocytes. SAE200 also significantly attenuated DSS-induced increase in IL-6 and IL-1β, and reductions in IL-10 in colon tissue. High levels of SAE were also observed to significantly decrease inflammatory COX-2 expression that was upregulated by DSS in mice colon. These findings may have relevance for novel therapeutic strategies to mitigate inflammatory bowel disease-relevant inflammatory responses, via the direct and indirect anti-inflammatory activity of SAE. We also found that SAE harbors significant quantities of total fiber and β-glucan, suggesting a possible role for these components in protection against DSS-mediated colitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min-Yu Chung
- Div. of Nutrition and Metabolism Research, Korea Food Research Inst, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Taek Hwang
- Dept. of Food Biotechnology, Korea Univ. of Science & Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hee Kim
- Div. of Nutrition and Metabolism Research, Korea Food Research Inst, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hwa Shon
- Div. of Nutrition and Metabolism Research, Korea Food Research Inst, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ku Kim
- Div. of Nutrition and Metabolism Research, Korea Food Research Inst, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Cheong LY, Suk S, Thimmegowda NR, Chung MY, Yang H, Seo SG, Shwetha B, Kim JE, Kwon JY, Kim BY, Lee KW. Hirsutenone Directly Targets PI3K and ERK to Inhibit Adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes. J Cell Biochem 2016; 116:1361-70. [PMID: 25756947 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Adipogenesis is a key driver of the expansion of adipose tissue mass that causes obesity. Hirsutenone (HST) is an active botanical diarylheptanoid present in Alnus species. In this study, we evaluated the effects of HST on adipogenesis, its mechanisms of action and the molecular targets involved. Using Oil Red O staining, we observed that HST dose-dependently suppresses lipid accumulation during adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, concomitant with a decrease in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα) and fatty acid synthase (FAS) protein expression. This inhibitory effect was largely limited to the early stage of adipogenesis, which includes mitotic clonal expansion (MCE), as evidenced by delayed cell cycle entry of preadipocytes from G1 to S phase. Furthermore, the regulation of MCE was accompanied by suppression of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK) activity. HST was also shown to bind directly to PI3K and ERK1 in a non-ATP competitive manner. Our results suggest that HST attenuates adipogenesis by directly targeting PI3K and ERK during MCE in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, underscoring the potential therapeutic application of HST in preventing obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lai Yee Cheong
- WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujin Suk
- Interdisciplinary Program in Agricultural Biotechnology Major, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - N R Thimmegowda
- Chemical Biology Research Center and World Class Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Yu Chung
- WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Division of Metabolism and Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Yang
- WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Gwon Seo
- WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - B Shwetha
- Chemical Biology Research Center and World Class Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Eun Kim
- WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Bio Food Industry, Institute of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Yeon Kwon
- Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Yeon Kim
- Chemical Biology Research Center and World Class Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Won Lee
- WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program in Agricultural Biotechnology Major, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Bio Food Industry, Institute of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Republic of Korea.,Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Kim IH, Chung MY, Shin JY, Han D. Protective Effects of Black Hoof Medicinal Mushroom from Korea, Phellinus linteus (Higher Basidiomycetes), on Osteoporosis In Vitro and In Vivo. Int J Med Mushrooms 2016; 18:39-47. [DOI: 10.1615/intjmedmushrooms.v18.i1.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
39
|
Chung MY, Jung SK, Lee HJ, Shon DH, Kim HK. Ethanol Extract of Sarcodon asparatus Mitigates Inflammatory Responses in Lipopolysaccharide-Challenged Mice and Murine Macrophages. J Med Food 2015; 18:1198-206. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2014.3422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hye-Jin Lee
- Korea Food Research Institute, Gyeonggi, Korea
| | | | - Hyun-Ku Kim
- Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Chung MY, Wan OYK, Cheung RYK, Chung TKH, Chan SSC. Prevalence of levator ani muscle injury and health-related quality of life in primiparous Chinese women after instrumental delivery. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2015; 45:728-733. [PMID: 25331305 DOI: 10.1002/uog.14700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Revised: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Levator ani muscle (LAM) injury is common after first vaginal delivery, and a higher incidence is associated with instrumental delivery. This study was conducted to compare the incidence of LAM injury after forceps or ventouse extraction in primiparous Chinese women, and to study their subsequent health-related quality of life. METHODS This prospective observational study was conducted between 1 September 2011 and 31 May 2012 in a tertiary obstetric unit. All eligible primiparous women who had undergone instrumental delivery were recruited 1 to 3 days following delivery. The subjects completed the Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory questionnaire and Pelvic Floor Impact Questionnaire, and translabial ultrasound was performed 8 weeks' postpartum to determine whether the subjects had suffered LAM injury. RESULTS Among the 289 women who completed the study, 247 (85.5%) had ventouse extraction and 42 (14.5%) had forceps delivery. Subsequent translabial ultrasound identified a total of 58 women with LAM injury. The prevalence of LAM injury after ventouse extraction and forceps delivery was 16.6% (95% CI, 12.0-21.2%) (41/247) and 40.5% (95% CI, 25.6-55.4%) (17/42), respectively (P = 0.001). Forceps delivery was identified as a risk factor for LAM injury, with an odds ratio of 3.54. No statistically significant differences were observed between the quality of life in women who underwent ventouse extraction and those with forceps delivery or between the quality of life in women with a unilateral or bilateral LAM injury. CONCLUSIONS In our cohort of primiparous Chinese women, 20.1% (58/289) had LAM injury after instrumental delivery, and forceps delivery was identified as the only risk factor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Y Chung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR
| | - O Y K Wan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR
| | - R Y K Cheung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR
| | - T K H Chung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR
| | - S S C Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Chung MY, Mah E, Masterjohn C, Noh SK, Park HJ, Clark RM, Park YK, Lee JY, Bruno RS. Green Tea Lowers Hepatic COX-2 and Prostaglandin E2 in Rats with Dietary Fat-Induced Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis. J Med Food 2014; 18:648-55. [PMID: 25453513 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2014.0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Green tea extract (GTE) protects against nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) by decreasing hepatic steatosis and nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) activation. We hypothesized that hypolipidemic and anti-inflammatory activities of GTE would protect against NASH by reducing cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), an NFκB-dependent enzyme, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in a dietary fat-induced obese model. Male Wistar rats were fed a low-fat diet containing no GTE or a high-fat (HF) diet containing GTE at 0%, 1%, or 2% for 8 weeks. Insulin resistance and total hepatic fatty acids increased following HF feeding (P<.05) and these were normalized by GTE at 1-2%. GTE (1-2%) normalized hepatic malondialdehyde without affecting cytochrome P450 2E1 mRNA expression, which was otherwise increased by HF feeding. HF-mediated increases in hepatic COX-2 protein and activity as well as PGE2 concentrations were normalized by GTE (1-2%). COX-2 activity and PGE2 were correlated to each other, and to serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and hepatic NFκB-binding activity (P<.05; r=0.28-0.49). GTE attenuated HF-mediated increases in total hepatic n-6 and n-3, without affecting the n-6/n-3 ratio. GTE did not affect HF-mediated increases in n-6 in nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) and phospholipid pools, whereas n-3 and n-6/n-3 in both pools were unaffected by GTE and HF feeding. GTE decreased total hepatic arachidonic acid without affecting HF-mediated increases in arachidonic acid in NEFA or phospholipid pools. Thus, GTE attenuates lipid peroxidation and PGE2 accumulation by decreasing COX-2 activity independent of arachidonic acid availability and supports an additional mechanism by which GTE protects against liver injury during NASH in an HF-feeding model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min-Yu Chung
- 1Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA.,2Division of Metabolism and Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Eunice Mah
- 3Human Nutrition Program, Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Christopher Masterjohn
- 1Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Sang K Noh
- 4Department of Food and Nutrition, Changwon National University, Changwon, South Korea
| | - Hea Jin Park
- 1Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA.,5Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Richard M Clark
- 1Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Young-Ki Park
- 1Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ji-Young Lee
- 1Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Richard S Bruno
- 1Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA.,3Human Nutrition Program, Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Chung JO, Cho DH, Chung DJ, Chung MY. Serum bilirubin concentrations are positively associated with serum C-peptide levels in patients with Type 2 diabetes. Diabet Med 2014; 31:1316-22. [PMID: 24910105 DOI: 10.1111/dme.12516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the relationship between physiological serum total bilirubin concentrations and serum C-peptide levels in Korean patients with Type 2 diabetes. METHODS A total of 588 patients with Type 2 diabetes were investigated in this cross-sectional study. Fasting C-peptide level, 2-h postprandial C-peptide level and ΔC-peptide (postprandial C-peptide minus fasting C-peptide) level were measured in all patients. RESULTS Fasting C-peptide level, postprandial C-peptide level and ΔC-peptide level tended to be higher in patients with higher bilirubin concentrations. Partial correlation analysis showed that serum bilirubin levels were significantly correlated with fasting C-peptide level (r = 0.159, P < 0.001), postprandial C-peptide level (r = 0.209, P < 0.001) and ΔC-peptide level (r = 0.186, P < 0.001) after adjustment for other covariates. In the multivariate model, the association between serum bilirubin concentrations and serum C-peptide levels remained significant after adjustment for confounding factors including age, gender, familial diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, BMI, HbA1c , duration of diabetes and associated liver function tests (fasting C-peptide level: β = 0.083, P = 0.041; postprandial C-peptide level: β = 0.106, P = 0.005; ΔC-peptide level: β = 0.096, P = 0.015, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Serum bilirubin concentrations within the physiological range were positively associated with serum C-peptide levels in patients with Type 2 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J O Chung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Shin SH, Seo SG, Min S, Yang H, Lee E, Son JE, Kwon JY, Yue S, Chung MY, Kim KH, Cheng JX, Lee HJ, Lee KW. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester, a major component of propolis, suppresses high fat diet-induced obesity through inhibiting adipogenesis at the mitotic clonal expansion stage. J Agric Food Chem 2014; 62:4306-4312. [PMID: 24611533 DOI: 10.1021/jf405088f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we aimed to investigate the antiobesity effect of CAPE in vivo, and the mechanism by which CAPE regulates body weight in vitro. To confirm the antiobesity effect of CAPE in vivo, mice were fed with a high fat diet (HFD) with different concentrations of CAPE for 5 weeks. CAPE significantly reduced body weight gain and epididymal fat mass in obese mice fed a HFD. In accordance with in vivo results, Oil red O staining results showed that CAPE significantly suppressed MDI-induced adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. FACS analysis results showed that CAPE delayed MDI-stimulated cell cycle progression, thereby contributing to inhibit mitotic clonal expansion (MCE), which is a prerequisite step for adipogenesis. Also, CAPE regulated the expression of cyclin D1 and the phosphorylation of ERK and Akt, which are upstream of cyclin D1. These results suggest that CAPE exerts an antiobesity effect in vivo, presumably through inhibiting adipogenesis at an early stage of adipogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seung Ho Shin
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Center for Agricultural Biomaterials, ‡WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University , Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Kim YJ, Seo SG, Choi K, Kim JE, Kang H, Chung MY, Lee KW, Lee HJ. Recovery effect of onion peel extract against H2 O2 -induced inhibition of gap-junctional intercellular communication is mediated through quercetin. J Food Sci 2014; 79:H1011-7. [PMID: 24697689 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.12440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Cellular oxidative damage mediated by reactive oxygen species has been reported to inhibit gap-junctional intercellular communication (GJIC). In turn, the inhibition of GJIC can be attenuated by functional food compounds with antioxidant properties. In this study, we compared the protective effects of onion peel extract (OPE) and onion flesh extract (OFE) on oxidative stress-mediated GJIC inhibition, and investigated the mechanisms of action responsible. OPE restored H2 O2 -induced GJIC inhibition to a higher degree than OFE in WB-F344 rat liver epithelial cells. OPE was found to inhibit H2 O2 -induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and Cx43. A radical scavenging assay demonstrated superiority of OPE over OFE, suggesting that the observed effects might be mediated via an antioxidant mechanism. Quercetin is the major compound that is likely to be responsible for the protective effect against H2 O2 -mediated GJIC inhibition. This study suggests that OPE, a material often discarded, may be of value for the future development of functional food products. PRACTICAL APPLICATION This study demonstrates that onion peel extract (OPE) exhibits a protective effect against the inhibition of gap-junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) mediated by H2 O2 , which is likely to occur via its antioxidant activity. OPE contains significant concentrations of bioactive phenolic compounds. Reductions in oxidative stress can lead to recovery of GJIC, which has been reported to be implicated in the prevention and treatment of cancers. These findings suggest that onion peel, a common waste product, could be used as potential resources for functional food development. Onion peel could be processed into a quercetin-rich powder or a pill for the prevention of cancer and other oxidative stress-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young-Jun Kim
- Dept. of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul Natl. Univ, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea; Food Safety Center, Ottogi Corp, Gyeonggi-Do 431-070, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Chung JO, Cho DH, Chung DJ, Chung MY. Physiological serum bilirubin concentrations are inversely associated with the prevalence of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in patients with Type 2 diabetes. Diabet Med 2014; 31:185-91. [PMID: 24147832 DOI: 10.1111/dme.12338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Revised: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Although severe hyperbilirubinaemia causes kernicterus in neonates, normal to modestly elevated bilirubin concentrations have been reported to be neuroprotective. However, the relationship between serum bilirubin concentrations and cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in patients with Type 2 diabetes is currently unknown. This study assessed the relationships between physiological serum total bilirubin concentrations and cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in patients with Type 2 diabetes. METHODS A total of 2991 patients with Type 2 diabetes were investigated in this cross-sectional study. Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy was diagnosed by a cardiovascular reflex test. According to the American Diabetes Association criteria, the degree of cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction was graded into normal, early, definite and severe. Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy was either definite or severe in the present study. An analysis of covariance after adjustment for other covariates was performed. A logistic regression model was used to assess an association of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy with serum total bilirubin tertiles. RESULTS Serum total bilirubin concentrations were significantly lower in subjects with cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy. The mean total bilirubin values differed significantly according to the severity of cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction (normal 13.0 μmol/l; early 12.3 μmol/l; definite 11.8 μmol/l; severe 10.1 μmol/l; P for trend < 0.001) after adjustment for other covariates. In multivariate analysis, serum total bilirubin levels were significantly associated with cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (odds ratio 0.36; 95% CI 0.21-0.63 for the highest vs. the lowest bilirubin tertile, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Serum total bilirubin concentrations within the physiologic range are inversely associated with the prevalence of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in patients with Type 2 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J O Chung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Song NR, Chung MY, Kang NJ, Seo SG, Jang TS, Lee HJ, Lee KW. Quercetin suppresses invasion and migration of H-Ras-transformed MCF10A human epithelial cells by inhibiting phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. Food Chem 2014; 142:66-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2012] [Revised: 05/19/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
47
|
Lee BK, Chung MY, Lee KW. Benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-diol-9,10-epoxide inhibits gap junction intercellular communication via phosphorylation of tumor progression locus 2 in WB-F344 rat liver epithelial cells. Mol Carcinog 2013; 54:351-8. [PMID: 24249418 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Revised: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-diol-9,10-epoxide (B[a]PDE), a major metabolite of benzo[a]pyrene, has been reported to function as a human carcinogen. However, the molecular mechanism of how B[a]PDE regulates signaling pathways during tumor promotion remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of B[a]PDE on the regulation of gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC), one of the major carcinogenic processes, and its main regulatory signaling pathways using WB-F344 rat liver epithelial (WB-F344 RLE) cells. Treatment of benzo[a]pyrene or B[a]PDE resulted in GJIC inhibition, and B[a]PDE was more active at lower concentrations than benzo[a]pyrene in the suppression of GJIC. This suggests that B[a]PDE is a stronger GJIC inhibitor. B[a]PDE at 1 µM reversibly inhibited GJIC in WB-F344 RLE cells, which was attributable to hyperphosphorylation of connexin43 (Cx43) via phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). We found that B[a]PDE induced phosphorylation of tumor progression locus 2 (Tpl2), a direct upstream regulator of MEK. Tpl2 inhibitor recovered B[a]PDE-induced GJIC inhibition and attenuated B[a]PDE-induced MEK/ERK phosphorylation in WB-F344 RLE cells. Collectively, our results suggest that B[a]PDE suppresses GJIC by activating Tpl2 and subsequently the MEK/ERK pathway and Cx43 phosphorylation in WB-F344 RLE cells. These results outline the potential importance of Tpl2 as a novel therapeutic target for B[a]PDE-induced GJIC inhibition during cancer promotion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Kyung Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea; Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, 443-270, Republic of Korea
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Lee DE, Chung MY, Lim TG, Huh WB, Lee HJ, Lee KW. Quercetin Suppresses Intracellular ROS Formation, MMP Activation, and Cell Motility in Human Fibrosarcoma Cells. J Food Sci 2013; 78:H1464-9. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.12223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 06/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Eun Lee
- WCU Biomodulation Major, Dept. of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Center for Food and Bioconvergence; Seoul Natl. Univ., Seoul; 151-921; Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Yu Chung
- WCU Biomodulation Major, Dept. of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Center for Food and Bioconvergence; Seoul Natl. Univ., Seoul; 151-921; Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Gyu Lim
- WCU Biomodulation Major, Dept. of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Center for Food and Bioconvergence; Seoul Natl. Univ., Seoul; 151-921; Republic of Korea
| | - Won Bum Huh
- WCU Biomodulation Major, Dept. of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Center for Food and Bioconvergence; Seoul Natl. Univ., Seoul; 151-921; Republic of Korea
| | - Hyong Joo Lee
- WCU Biomodulation Major, Dept. of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Center for Food and Bioconvergence; Seoul Natl. Univ., Seoul; 151-921; Republic of Korea
| | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Seo SG, Yang H, Shin SH, Min S, Kim YA, Yu JG, Lee DE, Chung MY, Heo YS, Kwon JY, Yue S, Kim KH, Cheng JX, Lee KW, Lee HJ. A metabolite of daidzein, 6,7,4'-trihydroxyisoflavone, suppresses adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes via ATP-competitive inhibition of PI3K. Mol Nutr Food Res 2013; 57:1446-55. [PMID: 23737351 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201200593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2012] [Revised: 02/16/2013] [Accepted: 02/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Daidzein is one of the major soy isoflavones. Following ingestion, daidzein is readily metabolized in the liver and converted into hydroxylated metabolites. One such metabolite is 6,7,4'-trihydroxyisoflavone (6,7,4'-THIF), which has been the focus of recent studies due to its various health benefits, however, its anti-adipogenic activity has not been investigated. Our objective was to determine the effects of 6,7,4'-THIF on adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and elucidate the mechanisms of action involved. METHODS AND RESULTS Adipogenesis was stimulated in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Both 6,7,4'-THIF and daidzein were treated in the presence and absence of mixture of isobutylmethylxanthine, dexamethasone, and insulin (MDI). We observed that 6,7,4'-THIF, but not daidzein, inhibited MDI-induced adipogenesis significantly at 40 and 80 μM, associated with decreased peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ and C/EBP-α protein expression. 6,7,4'-THIF significantly suppressed MDI-induced lipid accumulation in the early stage of adipogenesis, attributable to a suppression of cell proliferation and the induction of cell cycle arrest. We also determined that 6,7,4'-THIF, but not daidzein, attenuated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway. 6,7,4'-THIF was found to inhibit PI3K activity via direct binding in an ATP-competitive manner. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that 6,7,4'-THIF suppresses adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes by directly targeting PI3K. Soy isoflavones like 6,7,4'-THIF may have potential for development into novel treatment strategies for chronic obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sang Gwon Seo
- WCU Biomodulation Major, Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Chung MY, Lim TG, Lee KW. Molecular mechanisms of chemopreventive phytochemicals against gastroenterological cancer development. World J Gastroenterol 2013; 19:984-993. [PMID: 23467658 PMCID: PMC3582010 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i7.984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2012] [Revised: 10/12/2012] [Accepted: 01/24/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Commonly used cancer treatments, including chemotherapy and radiation therapy, often have side effects and a complete cure is sometimes impossible. Therefore, prevention, suppression, and/or delaying the onset of the disease are important. The onset of gastroenterological cancers is closely associated with an individual’s lifestyle. Thus, changing lifestyle, specifically the consumption of fruits and vegetables, can help to protect against the development of gastroenterological cancers. In particular, naturally occurring bioactive compounds, including curcumin, resveratrol, isothiocyanates, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate and sulforaphane, are regarded as promising chemopreventive agents. Hence, regular consumption of these natural bioactive compounds found in foods can contribute to prevention, suppression, and/or delay of gastroenterological cancer development. In this review, we will summarize natural phytochemicals possessing potential antioxidant and/or anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic activities, which are exerted by regulating or targeting specific molecules against gastroenterological cancers, including esophageal, gastric and colon cancers.
Collapse
|