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Jia K, Wang Y, Jiang L, Lai M, Liu W, Wang L, Liu H, Cao X, Li Y, Nie Z. Urine Metabolic Profiling for Rapid Lung Cancer Screening: A Strategy Combining Rh-Doped SrTiO 3-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry and Machine Learning. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:12302-12309. [PMID: 38414269 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c19007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer ranks among the cancers with the highest global incidence rates and mortality. Swift and extensive screening is crucial for the early-stage diagnosis of lung cancer. Laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS) possesses clear advantages over traditional analytical methods for large-scale analysis due to its unique features, such as simple sample processing, rapid speed, and high-throughput performance. As n-type semiconductors, titanate-based perovskite materials can generate charge carriers under ultraviolet light irradiation, providing the capability for use as an LDI-MS substrate. In this study, we employ Rh-doped SrTiO3 (STO/Rh)-assisted LDI-MS combined with machine learning to establish a method for urine-based lung cancer screening. We directly analyzed urine metabolites from lung cancer patients (LCs), pneumonia patients (PNs), and healthy controls (HCs) without employing any pretreatment. Through the integration of machine learning, LCs are successfully distinguished from HCs and PNs, achieving impressive area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.940 for LCs vs HCs and 0.864 for LCs vs PNs. Furthermore, we identified 10 metabolites with significantly altered levels in LCs, leading to the discovery of related pathways through metabolic enrichment analysis. These results suggest the potential of this method for rapidly distinguishing LCs in clinical applications and promoting precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Jia
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yawei Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Province Engineering Research Center of Ecological Chemical Industry, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi 332005, China
| | - Lixia Jiang
- Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Mi Lai
- Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Wenlan Liu
- Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Liping Wang
- Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Huihui Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaohua Cao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Province Engineering Research Center of Ecological Chemical Industry, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi 332005, China
| | - Yuze Li
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Zongxiu Nie
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Taenzer M, Löffler-Ragg J, Schroll A, Monfort-Lanzas P, Engl S, Weiss G, Brigo N, Kurz K. Urine Metabolite Analysis to Identify Pathomechanisms of Long COVID: A Pilot Study. Int J Tryptophan Res 2023; 16:11786469231220781. [PMID: 38144169 PMCID: PMC10748708 DOI: 10.1177/11786469231220781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Around 10% of people who had COVID-9 infection suffer from persistent symptoms such as fatigue, dyspnoea, chest pain, arthralgia/myalgia, sleep disturbances, cognitive dysfunction and impairment of mental health. Different underlying pathomechanisms appear to be involved, in particular inflammation, alterations in amino acid metabolism, autonomic dysfunction and gut dysbiosis. Aim As routine tests are often inconspicuous in patients with Long COVID (LC), similarly to patients suffering from myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS), accessible biomarkers indicating dysregulation of specific pathways are urgently needed to identify underlying pathomechanisms and enable personalized medicine treatment. Within this pilot study we aimed to proof traceability of altered metabolism by urine analysis. Patients and Methods Urine metabolome analyses were performed to investigate the metabolic signature of patients with LC (n = 25; 20 women, 5 men) in comparison to healthy controls (Ctrl, n = 8; 7 women, 1 man) and individuals with ME/CFS (n = 8; 2 women, 6 men). Concentrations of neurotransmitter precursors tryptophan, phenylalanine and their downstream metabolites, as well as their association with symptoms (fatigue, anxiety and depression) in the patients were examined. Results and Conclusion Phenylalanine levels were significantly lower in both the LC and ME/CFS patient groups when compared to the Ctrl group. In many LC patients, the concentrations of downstream metabolites of tryptophan and tyrosine, such as serotonin, dopamine and catecholamines, deviated from the reference ranges. Several symptoms (sleep disturbance, pain or autonomic dysfunction) were associated with certain metabolites. Patients experiencing fatigue had lower levels of kynurenine, phenylalanine and a reduced kynurenine to tryptophan ratio (Kyn/Trp). Lower concentrations of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and higher activity of kynurenine 3-monooxygenase (KMO) were observed in patients with anxiety. Conclusively, our results suggest that amino acid metabolism and neurotransmitter synthesis is disturbed in patients with LC and ME/CFS. The identified metabolites and their associated dysregulations could serve as potential biomarkers for elucidating underlying pathomechanisms thus enabling personalized treatment strategies for these patient populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Taenzer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Judith Löffler-Ragg
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andrea Schroll
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Pablo Monfort-Lanzas
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sabine Engl
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Günter Weiss
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Natascha Brigo
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Katharina Kurz
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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O'Connor LE, Hall KD, Herrick KA, Reedy J, Chung ST, Stagliano M, Courville AB, Sinha R, Freedman ND, Hong HG, Albert PS, Loftfield E. Metabolomic Profiling of an Ultraprocessed Dietary Pattern in a Domiciled Randomized Controlled Crossover Feeding Trial. J Nutr 2023; 153:2181-2192. [PMID: 37276937 PMCID: PMC10447619 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Objective markers of ultraprocessed foods (UPF) may improve the assessment of UPF intake and provide insight into how UPF influences health. OBJECTIVES To identify metabolites that differed between dietary patterns (DPs) high in or void of UPF according to Nova classification. METHODS In a randomized, crossover, controlled-feeding trial (clinicaltrials.govNCT03407053), 20 domiciled healthy participants (mean ± standard deviation: age 31 ± 7 y, body mass index [kg/m2] 22 ± 11.6) consumed ad libitum a UPF-DP (80% UPF) and an unprocessed DP (UN-DP; 0% UPF) for 2 wk each. Metabolites were measured using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid plasma, collected at week 2 and 24-h, and spot urine, collected at weeks 1 and 2, of each DP. Linear mixed models, adjusted for energy intake, were used to identify metabolites that differed between DPs. RESULTS After multiple comparisons correction, 257 out of 993 plasma and 606 out of 1279 24-h urine metabolites differed between UPF-DP and UN-DP. Overall, 21 known and 9 unknown metabolites differed between DPs across all time points and biospecimen types. Six metabolites were higher (4-hydroxy-L-glutamic acid, N-acetylaminooctanoic acid, 2-methoxyhydroquinone sulfate, 4-ethylphenylsulfate, 4-vinylphenol sulfate, and acesulfame) and 14 were lower following the UPF-DP; pimelic acid, was lower in plasma but higher in urine following the UPF-DP. CONCLUSIONS Consuming a DP high in, compared with 1 void of, UPF has a measurable impact on the short-term human metabolome. Observed differential metabolites could serve as candidate biomarkers of UPF intake or metabolic response in larger samples with varying UPF-DPs. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03407053 and NCT03878108.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E O'Connor
- Food Components and Health Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Beltsville, MD, USA; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Risk Factor Assessment Branch, NCI, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kevin D Hall
- Laboratory of Biological Modeling, NIDDK, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kirsten A Herrick
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Risk Factor Assessment Branch, NCI, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jill Reedy
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Risk Factor Assessment Branch, NCI, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stephanie T Chung
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, NIDDK, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michael Stagliano
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, NIDDK, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Amber B Courville
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, NIDDK, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rashmi Sinha
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, NCI, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Neal D Freedman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, NCI, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hyokyoung G Hong
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Biostatistics Branch, NCI, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Paul S Albert
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Biostatistics Branch, NCI, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Erikka Loftfield
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, NCI, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Liu C, Zhu Z, Du L, Li S, Zhao Q, Wang X. Urine metabolites and viral pneumonia among children: a case-control study in China. Transl Pediatr 2023; 12:1192-1203. [PMID: 37427067 PMCID: PMC10326753 DOI: 10.21037/tp-23-199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Viral pneumonia in children is common and has grave consequences. The study aims to better understand the pathophysiological processes involved in the onset and progression of viral pneumonia and identify common effects or biomarkers across different viruses. Methods This study collected urine samples from 96 patients with viral pneumonia including respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (n=30), influenza virus (IV) (n=23), parainfluenza virus (PIV) (n=24), and adenovirus (ADV) (n=19), and 31 age- and sex-matched normal control (NC) subjects. The samples were analyzed using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS) to identify endogenous substances. The XCMS Online platform was utilized for data processing and analysis , including feature detection, retention time correction, alignment, annotation, and statistical analysis for difference between groups and biomarker identification. Results A total of 948 typical metabolites were identified using the XCMS Online platform with the Mummichog technique. After analyzing the data, 24 metabolites were selected as potential biomarkers for viral pneumonia, of which 16 were aspartate and asparagine metabolites, byproducts of alanine, leucine, and isoleucine degradation, and butanoate metabolites. Conclusions This study specific metabolites and altered pathways in children with viral pneumonia and propose that these findings could contribute to the discovery of new treatments and the development of antiviral drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongyi Zhu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Lina Du
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Shaojing Li
- Department of Pediatrics, 731 Hospital of China Aerospace Science and Industry Group, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Xintai Wang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
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Yang R, Wang Y, Yuan C, Shen X, Cai M, Wang L, Hu J, Song H, Wang H, Zhang L. The combined analysis of urine and blood metabolomics profiles provides an accurate prediction of the training and competitive status of Chinese professional swimmers. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1197224. [PMID: 37398904 PMCID: PMC10307620 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1197224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to employ metabolomics for the analysis of urine metabolites in swimmers, with the aim of establishing models for assessing their athletic status and competitive potential. Furthermore, the study sought to compare the identification efficacy of multi-component (urine and blood) model versus single-component (urine or blood) models, in order to determine the optimal approach for evaluating training and competitive status. Methods: A total of 187 Chinese professional swimmers, comprising 103 elite and 84 sub-elite level athletes, were selected as subjects for this study. Urine samples were obtained from each participant and subjected to nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics analysis. Significant urine metabolites were screened through multivariable logistic regression analysis, and an identification model was established. Based on the previously established model of blood metabolites, this study compared the discriminative and predictive performance of three models: either urine or blood metabolites model and urine + blood metabolites model. Results: Among 39 urine metabolites, 10 were found to be significantly associated with the athletic status of swimmers (p < 0.05). Of these, levels of 2-KC, cis-aconitate, formate, and LAC were higher in elite swimmers compared to sub-elite athletes, while levels of 3-HIV, creatinine, 3-HIB, hippurate, pseudouridine, and trigonelline were lower in elite swimmers. Notably, 2-KC and 3-HIB exhibited the most substantial differences. An identification model was developed to estimate physical performance and athletic level of swimmers while adjusting for different covariates and including 2-KC and 3-HIB. The urine metabolites model showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.852 (95% CI: 0.793-0.912) for discrimination. Among the three identification models tested, the combination of urine and blood metabolites showed the highest performance than either urine or blood metabolites, with an AUC of 0.925 (95% CI: 0.888-0.963). Conclusion: The two urine metabolites, 2-KC and 3-HIV, can serve as significant urine metabolic markers to establish a discrimination model for identifying the athletic status and competitive potential of Chinese elite swimmers. Combining two screened urine metabolites with four metabolites reported exhibiting significant differences in blood resulted in improved predictive performance compared to using urine metabolites alone. These findings indicate that combining blood and urine metabolites has a greater potential for identifying and predicting the athletic status and competitive potential of Chinese professional swimmers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyu Yang
- College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunhua Yuan
- Surgery Ward, Shanghai Health Rehabilitation Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xunzhang Shen
- Shanghai Research Institute of Sports Science (Shanghai Anti-Doping Center), Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Cai
- College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Liyan Wang
- College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyun Hu
- Central Lab, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi Medical Testing, Shanghai Pudong New Area People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Haihan Song
- Central Lab, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi Medical Testing, Shanghai Pudong New Area People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongbiao Wang
- Department of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Pudong New Area People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Cardoso AL, Teixeira LDL, Hassimotto NMA, Baptista SDL, Copetti CLK, Rieger DK, Vieira FGK, Micke GA, Vitali L, Assis MAAD, Schulz M, Fett R, Silva ELD, Pietro PFD. Kinetic Profile of Urine Metabolites after Acute Intake of a Phenolic Compounds-Rich Juice of Juçara ( Euterpe edulis Mart.) and Antioxidant Capacity in Serum and Erythrocytes: A Human Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119555. [PMID: 37298506 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The juçara palm tree produces a small spherical and black-purple fruit similar to açaí. It is rich in phenolic compounds, especially anthocyanins. A clinical trial evaluated the absorption and excretion of the main bioactive compounds in urine and the antioxidant capacity in serum and erythrocytes of 10 healthy subjects after juçara juice intake. Blood samples were collected before (0.0 h) and 0.5 h, 1 h, 2 h, and 4 h after a single dose (400 mL) of juçara juice, while urine was collected at baseline and 0-3 and 3-6 h after juice intake. Seven phenolic acids and conjugated phenolic acids were identified in urine deriving from the degradation of anthocyanins: protocatechuic acid, vanillic acid, vanillic acid glucuronide, hippuric acid, hydroxybenzoic acid, hydroxyphenylacetic acid, and ferulic acid derivative. In addition, kaempferol glucuronide was also found in urine as a metabolite of the parent compound in juçara juice. Juçara juice caused a decrease in the total oxidant status of serum after 0.5 h in comparison to baseline values (p < 0.05) and increased the phenolic acid metabolites excretion. This study shows the relationship between the production of metabolites of juçara juice and the total antioxidant status in human serum, indicating evidence of its antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyne Lizane Cardoso
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Luciane de Lira Teixeira
- Department of Food Science and Experimental Nutrition, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Sheyla de Liz Baptista
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Cândice Laís Knöner Copetti
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Debora Kurrler Rieger
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Gustavo Amadeu Micke
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Luciano Vitali
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Maria Alice Altenburg de Assis
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Mayara Schulz
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis 88034-001, SC, Brazil
| | - Roseane Fett
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis 88034-001, SC, Brazil
| | - Edson Luiz da Silva
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Department of Clinical Analysis, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Patricia Faria Di Pietro
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
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Zhang Q, Meng N, Liu Y, Zhao H, Zhao Z, Hao D, Li R, Han K, Li H, Ma J, Yu X, Qi Z, Li Q. Protection effect of gut microbiota composition and acetate absorption against hypertension-induced damages on the longevity population in Guangxi, China. Front Nutr 2023; 9:1070223. [PMID: 36726815 PMCID: PMC9884688 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1070223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Recent evidence supports a role for the gut microbe-metabolites in longevity. However, the phenomenon of hypertension is more common in the longevity area and whether hypertension is associated with longevity remains unclear. Here, we hypothesize that the levels of gut microbiota, SCFAs, and urine metabolites were different between hypertension elderly and hypertension longevity. Methods We recruited 46 elderly volunteers from Donglan County, Guangxi, and 32 were selected and included in the experiment. The subjects with hypertension were divided into two groups according to age, Hypertension Elderly (HTE, aged 70.5 ± 8.59, n = 19) and Hypertension Longevity (HTL, aged 100 ± 5.72, n = 13). The gut microbiota, SCFAs, and urine metabolites were determined by three-generation 16S rRNA full-length sequencing, GC-MS, and 1H-NMR, respectively. Results Compared with the HTL group, the HTE group had higher levels of hypertension-related genera Klebsiella and Streptococcus, while having lower levels of the SCFA-producing genera Bacteroides, Faecalibacterium, and Alistipes. Based on LEFse analysis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Lactobacillus gasseri, Streptococcus salivarius, Ruminococcus, Actinomyces, Rikenellaceae, f_Saccharimonadaceae, Clostridium perfringens, and Bacteroids, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Parabacteroides, Alistipes were biomarkers that showed significant differences between the groups. In addition, the microbial pathways associated with K. pneumoniae and E. coli may promote hypertension, while A. muciniphila may play a role in reversing the development of hypertension in long-lived elderly. Metabolomics revealed that HTL contained a lower concentration of fecal acetate and propionate than HTE, while it contained a higher concentration of serum acetate and urine acetate. Furthermore, their immune cells exhibited no significant changes in SCFAs receptors. Conclusion Although long-lived elderly have extremely high systolic blood pressure, their unique gut microbiota composition and efficient acetate absorption in the colon may offset the damages caused by hypertension and maintain healthy homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinren Zhang
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Ning Meng
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Haiyan Zhao
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhengtao Zhao
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Dan Hao
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Ruiding Li
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Kunchen Han
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - He Li
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Jinke Ma
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaohan Yu
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhongquan Qi
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning, China,Zhongquan Qi,
| | - Quanyang Li
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, China,*Correspondence: Quanyang Li,
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Fernández-Millán E, Ramos S, Álvarez-Cilleros D, Samino S, Amigó N, Correig X, Chagoyen M, Álvarez C, Martín MÁ. Urinary Metabolomics Study on the Protective Role of Cocoa in Zucker Diabetic Rats via 1H-NMR-Based Approach. Nutrients 2022; 14:4127. [PMID: 36235779 DOI: 10.3390/nu14194127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cocoa constitutes one of the richest sources of dietary flavonoids with demonstrated anti-diabetic potential. However, the metabolic impact of cocoa intake in a diabetic context remains unexplored. In this study, metabolomics tools have been used to investigate the potential metabolic changes induced by cocoa in type 2 diabetes (T2D). To this end, male Zucker diabetic fatty rats were fed on standard (ZDF) or 10% cocoa-rich diet (ZDF-C) from week 10 to 20 of life. Cocoa supplementation clearly decreased serum glucose levels, improved glucose metabolism and produced significant changes in the urine metabolome of ZDF animals. Fourteen differential urinary metabolites were identified, with eight of them significantly modified by cocoa. An analysis of pathways revealed that butanoate metabolism and the synthesis and degradation of branched-chain amino acids and ketone bodies are involved in the beneficial impact of cocoa on diabetes. Moreover, correlation analysis indicated major associations between some of these urine metabolites (mainly valine, leucine, and isoleucine) and body weight, glycemia, insulin sensitivity, and glycated hemoglobin levels. Overall, this untargeted metabolomics approach provides a clear metabolic fingerprint associated to chronic cocoa intake that can be used as a marker for the improvement of glucose homeostasis in a diabetic context.
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Kotsis F, Schultheiss UT, Wuttke M, Schlosser P, Mielke J, Becker MS, Oefner PJ, Karoly ED, Mohney RP, Eckardt KU, Sekula P, Köttgen A. Self-Reported Medication Use and Urinary Drug Metabolites in the German Chronic Kidney Disease (GCKD) Study. J Am Soc Nephrol 2021; 32:2315-2329. [PMID: 34140400 PMCID: PMC8729827 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2021010063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polypharmacy is common among patients with CKD, but little is known about the urinary excretion of many drugs and their metabolites among patients with CKD. METHODS To evaluate self-reported medication use in relation to urine drug metabolite levels in a large cohort of patients with CKD, the German Chronic Kidney Disease study, we ascertained self-reported use of 158 substances and 41 medication groups, and coded active ingredients according to the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System. We used a nontargeted mass spectrometry-based approach to quantify metabolites in urine; calculated specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy of medication use and corresponding metabolite measurements; and used multivariable regression models to evaluate associations and prescription patterns. RESULTS Among 4885 participants, there were 108 medication-drug metabolite pairs on the basis of reported medication use and 78 drug metabolites. Accuracy was excellent for measurements of 36 individual substances in which the unchanged drug was measured in urine (median, 98.5%; range, 61.1%-100%). For 66 pairs of substances and their related drug metabolites, median measurement-based specificity and sensitivity were 99.2% (range, 84.0%-100%) and 71.7% (range, 1.2%-100%), respectively. Commonly prescribed medications for hypertension and cardiovascular risk reduction-including angiotensin II receptor blockers, calcium channel blockers, and metoprolol-showed high sensitivity and specificity. Although self-reported use of prescribed analgesics (acetaminophen, ibuprofen) was <3% each, drug metabolite levels indicated higher usage (acetaminophen, 10%-26%; ibuprofen, 10%-18%). CONCLUSIONS This comprehensive screen of associations between urine drug metabolite levels and self-reported medication use supports the use of pharmacometabolomics to assess medication adherence and prescription patterns in persons with CKD, and indicates under-reported use of medications available over the counter, such as analgesics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fruzsina Kotsis
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany,Department of Medicine IV: Nephrology and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ulla T. Schultheiss
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany,Department of Medicine IV: Nephrology and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Wuttke
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany,Department of Medicine IV: Nephrology and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Pascal Schlosser
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Johanna Mielke
- Division of Pharmaceuticals, Open Innovation and Digital Technologies, Bayer AG, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Michael S. Becker
- Division of Pharmaceuticals, Cardiovascular Research, Bayer AG, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Peter J. Oefner
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Kai-Uwe Eckardt
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité – Berlin University of Medicine, Berlin, Germany,Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich–Alexander University Erlangen–Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peggy Sekula
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anna Köttgen
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Steinbrenner I, Schultheiss UT, Kotsis F, Schlosser P, Stockmann H, Mohney RP, Schmid M, Oefner PJ, Eckardt KU, Köttgen A, Sekula P. Urine Metabolite Levels, Adverse Kidney Outcomes, and Mortality in CKD Patients: A Metabolome-wide Association Study. Am J Kidney Dis 2021; 78:669-677.e1. [PMID: 33839201 DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2021.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE Mechanisms underlying the variable course of disease progression in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are incompletely understood. The aim of this study was to identify novel biomarkers of adverse kidney outcomes and overall mortality, which may offer insights into pathophysiologic mechanisms. STUDY DESIGN Metabolome-wide association study. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS 5,087 patients with CKD enrolled in the observational German Chronic Kidney Disease Study. EXPOSURES Measurements of 1,487 metabolites in urine. OUTCOMES End points of interest were time to kidney failure (KF), a combined end point of KF and acute kidney injury (KF+AKI), and overall mortality. ANALYTICAL APPROACH Statistical analysis was based on a discovery-replication design (ratio 2:1) and multivariable-adjusted Cox regression models. RESULTS After a median follow-up of 4 years, 362 patients died, 241 experienced KF, and 382 experienced KF+AKI. Overall, we identified 55 urine metabolites whose levels were significantly associated with adverse kidney outcomes and/or mortality. Higher levels of C-glycosyltryptophan were consistently associated with all 3 main end points (hazard ratios of 1.43 [95% CI, 1.27-1.61] for KF, 1.40 [95% CI, 1.27-1.55] for KF+AKI, and 1.47 [95% CI, 1.33-1.63] for death). Metabolites belonging to the phosphatidylcholine pathway showed significant enrichment. Members of this pathway contributed to the improvement of the prediction performance for KF observed when multiple metabolites were added to the well-established Kidney Failure Risk Equation. LIMITATIONS Findings among patients of European ancestry with CKD may not be generalizable to the general population. CONCLUSIONS Our comprehensive screen of the association between urine metabolite levels and adverse kidney outcomes and mortality identifies metabolites that predict KF and represents a valuable resource for future studies of biomarkers of CKD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga Steinbrenner
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg
| | - Ulla T Schultheiss
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg; Department of Medicine IV-Nephrology and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg
| | - Fruzsina Kotsis
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg; Department of Medicine IV-Nephrology and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg
| | - Pascal Schlosser
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg
| | - Helena Stockmann
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin
| | | | - Matthias Schmid
- Department of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn
| | - Peter J Oefner
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Kai-Uwe Eckardt
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin; Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen; Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Anna Köttgen
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg.
| | - Peggy Sekula
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg.
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11
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Valko-Rokytovská M, Očenáš P, Salayová A, Titková R, Kostecká Z. Specific urinary metabolites in canine mammary gland tumors. J Vet Sci 2020; 21:e23. [PMID: 32233131 PMCID: PMC7113568 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2020.21.e23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of biomarkers that distinguish diseased from healthy individuals is of great interest in human and veterinary fields. In this research area, a metabolomic approach and its related statistical analyses can be useful for biomarker determination and allow non-invasive discrimination of healthy volunteers from breast cancer patients. In this study, we focused on the most common canine neoplasm, mammary gland tumor, and herein, we describe a simple method using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography to determine the levels of tyrosine and its metabolites (epinephrine, 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, and vanillylmandelic acid), tryptophan and its metabolites (5-hydroxyindolacetic acid, indoxyl sulfate, serotonin, and kynurenic acid) in canine mammary cancer urine samples. Our results indicated significantly increased concentrations of three tryptophan metabolites, 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid (p < 0.001), serotonin, indoxyl sulfate (p < 0.01), and kynurenic acid (p < 0.05), and 2 tyrosine metabolites, 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine (p < 0.001), and epinephrine (p < 0.05) in urine samples from the mammary gland tumor group compared to concentrations in urine samples from the healthy group. The results indicate that select urinary tyrosine and tryptophan metabolites may be useful as non-invasive diagnostic markers as well as in developing a therapeutic strategy for canine mammary gland tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Valko-Rokytovská
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Peter Očenáš
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Aneta Salayová
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Radka Titková
- Section of Surgery, Orthopaedics, Roentgenology and Reproduction, Small Animal Clinic, University Veterinary Hospital, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Kostecká
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia
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Kozlowska L, Mizera O, Mroz A. An Untargeted Metabolomics Approach to Investigate the Metabolic Effect of Beetroot Juice Supplementation in Fencers-A Preliminary Study. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10030100. [PMID: 32168803 PMCID: PMC7143097 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10030100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed at assessment of the long-term (4 weeks) metabolic effect of a diet with and without beetroot juice supplementation in fencers using the untargeted metabolomics method with the UPLC Q-TOF/MS system to carry out an analysis of urine samples. Ten women and 10 men underwent the cardiovascular fitness VO2max test at baseline-(B) and after two stages of implementation of the dietary recommendations-the first 4 weeks without beetroot juice (D) and the second with 26 g/d of freeze-dried beetroot juice supplementation (D&J). The urine samples were collected one hour after the VO2max test at B and after D and D&J. The meal before the VO2max test after D&J contained beetroot juice, whereas to the meal at B and after D maltodextrin was added. Changes in metabolites and VO2max were significant only for comparison of D versus D&J. During D and D&J, there were no significant changes in the physical activity level, body mass, and body composition. We observed significant changes in tyrosine and tryptophan metabolism, mainly associated with such neurotransmitter's metabolism as: Serotonin, noradrenaline, and adrenaline. Changes in signal intensity of bile acid, AICAR, and 4-Hydroxynonenal (peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids product) were also observed. The obtained results indicate that long-term beetroot juice supplementation induces considerable changes in metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucyna Kozlowska
- Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Human Nutrition, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—WULS, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: (L.K.); (O.M.); Tel.: +48-22-59-370-17 (L.K.)
| | - Olga Mizera
- Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Human Nutrition, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—WULS, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: (L.K.); (O.M.); Tel.: +48-22-59-370-17 (L.K.)
| | - Anna Mroz
- Department of Physiology and Sport Medicine, Jozef Pilsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, 00-968 Warsaw, Poland;
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Platat C, Hillary S, Tomas-Barberan FA, Martinez-Blazquez JA, Al-Meqbali F, Souka U, Al-Hammadi S, Ibrahim W. Urine Metabolites and Antioxidant Effect after Oral Intake of Date ( Phoenix dactylifera L.) Seeds-Based Products (Powder, Bread and Extract) by Human. Nutrients 2019; 11:E2489. [PMID: 31623250 PMCID: PMC6835432 DOI: 10.3390/nu11102489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A cross-over study was conducted in 16 healthy adult volunteers to describe the urinary excretion of polyphenols from date seeds and investigate the antioxidant effect after consumption of different doses of date seeds powder (DSP), bread (DSB) and extract (DSE). After 12 h of fasting, one of the six treatments (0.25 g and 0.5 g/kg bodyweight DSP, 360 g of 10% and 15% DSB, 30 mg and 60 mg/kg bodyweight DSE) was provided along with breakfast, with a two weeks wash-out period between 2 consecutive treatments. Blood was drawn at baseline, 1, 2, 8 and 24 h post intake. Urine was collected at baseline, 3, 8, and 24 h post intake. An abundant release of polyphenols was detected in urine within the 0-3 h post intake, reached a peak at 8 h, then decreased with polyphenols still being detected up to 24 h post intake. The antioxidant defence system, as measured by reduced glutathione (GSH), was strengthened as soon as 1 h and up to 8 h post intake. Markers of protein and lipid oxidative damages were reduced from 1 h and up to 8 and 24 h post intake, respectively. This supports an antioxidant effect of date seeds products in humans, most probably due to their polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carine Platat
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Health, College of Food and Agriculture, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain PO Box 15551, UAE.
| | - Serene Hillary
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Health, College of Food and Agriculture, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain PO Box 15551, UAE.
| | | | | | - Fatima Al-Meqbali
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Health, College of Food and Agriculture, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain PO Box 15551, UAE.
| | - Usama Souka
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Health, College of Food and Agriculture, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain PO Box 15551, UAE.
| | - Suleiman Al-Hammadi
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain PO Box 15551, UAE.
| | - Wissam Ibrahim
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Health, College of Food and Agriculture, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain PO Box 15551, UAE.
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Bax C, Lotesoriere BJ, Sironi S, Capelli L. Review and Comparison of Cancer Biomarker Trends in Urine as a Basis for New Diagnostic Pathways. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1244. [PMID: 31450698 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the major causes of mortality worldwide and its already large burden is projected to increase significantly in the near future with a predicted 22 million new cancer cases and 13 million cancer-related deaths occurring annually by 2030. Unfortunately, current procedures for diagnosis are characterized by low diagnostic accuracies. Given the proved correlation between cancer presence and alterations of biological fluid composition, many researchers suggested their characterization to improve cancer detection at early stages. This paper reviews the information that can be found in the scientific literature, regarding the correlation of different cancer forms with the presence of specific metabolites in human urine, in a schematic and easily interpretable form, because of the huge amount of relevant literature. The originality of this paper relies on the attempt to point out the odor properties of such metabolites, and thus to highlight the correlation between urine odor alterations and cancer presence, which is proven by recent literature suggesting the analysis of urine odor for diagnostic purposes. This investigation aims to evaluate the possibility to compare the results of studies based on different approaches to be able in the future to identify those compounds responsible for urine odor alteration.
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15
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Whittet KM, Watson AK, Erickson GE, Klopfenstein TJ. Factors affecting urinary creatinine in heifers and cows. Transl Anim Sci 2019; 3:532-540. [PMID: 32704824 PMCID: PMC7200483 DOI: 10.1093/tas/txz004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of total urine collections were conducted to evaluate the effects of age, diet, gestation, and body condition score (BCS) on urinary creatinine (UC) and purine derivative (PD) excretion in heifers and cows. For each collection, urine was collected over a 5-d period and composited by animal within day. Daily samples were analyzed for UC and PD concentration and averaged over the 5-d period. All animals were fed in individual stanchions at 2.0% of body weight (BW). To evaluate the relationship between age and UC excretion, 21 animals ranging from 5 to 80 months of age were fed a forage-based diet supplemented with dried distillers grains (DDG). Creatinine excretion (mg/kg BW) was not correlated with age (P = 0.37). To determine if diet alters UC, 11 heifers were sampled for two urine collection periods. In period 1, heifers were fed a forage-based diet supplemented with DDG. In period 2, heifers were fed a finishing diet (90% concentrate, 10% forage). Creatinine excretion (mg/kg BW) and PD:creatinine (PD:C) was greater (P = 0.01) for heifers when fed the forage-based diet than when fed the concentrate-based diet. Eleven cows fed a forage-based diet supplemented with DDG were sampled to determine the effect of gestation on urinary metabolites. Gestation did not affect UC (P = 0.42) or PD:C (P = 0.30). To evaluate the relationship between 12th rib fat thickness and metabolite excretion, 40 heifers were fed a common finishing diet. There was no relationship between UC (mg/kg BW; P = 0.28) or PD:UC (P = 0.47) and 12th rib fat thickness. To evaluate the relationship between BCS and UC, 11 cows were fed a forage diet supplemented with DDG. There was no relationship between BCS and UC (mg/kg BW; P = 0.99) or PD:C (P = 0.84). To evaluate daily and diurnal variation in UC, nine heifers were fed a forage diet supplemented with DDG. Seven of the heifers were fed a finishing diet (90% concentrate, 10% forage) in a second period. Urine was collected every 2 h from 0600 to 1800 hours. When expressed as mg/kg BW, UC excretion was not different across animals fed the forage-based (P = 0.40) or concentrate-based diet (P = 0.18). Stepwise regression indicated that at least 3 d of collection were required to estimate UC. Time within day and day within period effects were observed (P < 0.01) for UC from 2-h interval samples. The UC varies with type of diet and diurnal variation is present. Variation among animals is relatively small.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea K Watson
- Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE
| | - Galen E Erickson
- Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE
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López-Gálvez N, Wagoner R, Beamer P, de Zapien J, Rosales C. Migrant Farmworkers' Exposure to Pesticides in Sonora, Mexico. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2018; 15:E2651. [PMID: 30486281 PMCID: PMC6313604 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15122651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Expanding agribusiness in Sonora, a state in Northern Mexico, has increased the demand for temporary migrant agricultural workers. Sonora is one of the top states in Mexico for pesticide utilization. We conducted an exploratory study to evaluate exposure to organophosphate (OP) and pyrethroid pesticides among migrant farmworkers. A sample of 20 migrant farmworkers was recruited from a large commercial grape farm during the harvest season. We administered a questionnaire on work activities, exposure characteristics, and socio-demographics. We collected urine samples to quantify pesticide metabolite concentrations. Most participants were originally from the state of Chiapas, Mexico, none had completed high school, and about half spoke an indigenous language as well as Spanish. The majority of participants had detectable concentrations of pyrethroid and organophosphate biomarkers. Geometric mean creatinine-adjusted concentrations for 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (1.83 µg/g), trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane carboxylic acid (0.88 µg/g), 4-fluoro-3-phenoxybenzoic acid (0.94 µg/g), 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (3.56 µg/g), and para-nitrophenol (0.63 µg/g) were significantly higher than in the general United States' population and Mexican Americans. Our results also suggest that migrant farmworkers in this region are exposed to pesticides at higher levels than other farmworkers' studies. Farmworkers' age, language, training on personal protective equipment, time at the farm, and season, were significant exposure determinants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás López-Gálvez
- Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, 1295 N. Martin Ave. PO 245210, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.
| | - Rietta Wagoner
- Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, 1295 N. Martin Ave. PO 245210, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.
| | - Paloma Beamer
- Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, 1295 N. Martin Ave. PO 245210, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.
| | - Jill de Zapien
- Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, 1295 N. Martin Ave. PO 245210, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.
| | - Cecilia Rosales
- Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, 1295 N. Martin Ave. PO 245210, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.
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Cui Q, Pan Y, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Ren S, Wang D, Wang Z, Liu X, Xiao W. Metabolites of Dietary Acteoside: Profiles, Isolation, Identification, and Hepatoprotective Capacities. J Agric Food Chem 2018; 66:2660-2668. [PMID: 29478321 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, cistanche tea has been increasingly used as a major herbal supplement in functional drinks, and it has attracted a growing number of consumers because of its excellent tonic effects and medicinal properties. Acteoside (ACT), which is the principal bioactive component of Chinese cistanche tea, possesses various pharmacological effects. This study profiled, isolated, identified, and investigated the hepatoprotective capacities of metabolites in rat urine after the administration of ACT. Eleven metabolites, including one new compound (M8), were obtained and identified by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy for the first time. Compared with native ACT, ACT metabolites such as hydroxytyrosol (HT), 3-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid (3-HPP), and caffeic acid (CA) exhibited higher hepatoprotective activities by regulating oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and inflammatory responses in a GalN/LPS-induced-acute-hepatic-injury mouse model. The HT treatment markedly reduced the levels of TNF-α to 280 ± 14.3 ng/L compared with the model group (429 ± 9.20 ng/L, p < 0.01). The results obtained indicated that cistanche tea could be developed as a functional drink for the prevention of hepatic injuries and that ACT metabolites could be responsible for the potent hepatoprotective activity as well as the other therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingling Cui
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , 103 Wenhua Road , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Yingni Pan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , 103 Wenhua Road , Shenyang 110016 , China
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Company Ltd. , Lianyungang 222001 , China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , 103 Wenhua Road , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , 103 Wenhua Road , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Shumeng Ren
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , 103 Wenhua Road , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- School of Pharmacy , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , 103 Wenhua Road , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Zhenzhong Wang
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Company Ltd. , Lianyungang 222001 , China
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process , Lianyungang 222001 , China
| | - Xiaoqiu Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , 103 Wenhua Road , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Company Ltd. , Lianyungang 222001 , China
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process , Lianyungang 222001 , China
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Kim WT, Yun SJ, Yan C, Jeong P, Kim YH, Lee IS, Kang HW, Park S, Moon SK, Choi YH, Choi YD, Kim IY, Kim J, Kim WJ. Metabolic Pathway Signatures Associated with Urinary Metabolite Biomarkers Differentiate Bladder Cancer Patients from Healthy Controls. Yonsei Med J 2016; 57:865-71. [PMID: 27189278 PMCID: PMC4951461 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2016.57.4.865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Our previous high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry study identified bladder cancer (BCA)-specific urine metabolites, including carnitine, acylcarnitines, and melatonin. The objective of the current study was to determine which metabolic pathways are perturbed in BCA, based on our previously identified urinary metabolome. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 135 primary BCA samples and 26 control tissue samples from healthy volunteers were analyzed. The association between specific urinary metabolites and their related encoding genes was analyzed. RESULTS Significant alterations in the carnitine-acylcarnitine and tryptophan metabolic pathways were detected in urine specimens from BCA patients compared to those of healthy controls. The expression of eight genes involved in the carnitine-acylcarnitine metabolic pathway (CPT1A, CPT1B, CPT1C, CPT2, SLC25A20, and CRAT) or tryptophan metabolism (TPH1 and IDO1) was assessed by RT-PCR in our BCA cohort (n=135). CPT1B, CPT1C, SLC25A20, CRAT, TPH1, and IOD1 were significantly downregulated in tumor tissues compared to normal bladder tissues (p<0.05 all) of patients with non-muscle invasive BCA, whereas CPT1B, CPT1C, CRAT, and TPH1 were downregulated in those with muscle invasive BCA (p<0.05), with no changes in IDO1 expression. CONCLUSION Alterations in the expression of genes associated with the carnitine-acylcarnitine and tryptophan metabolic pathways, which were the most perturbed pathways in BCA, were determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Tae Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok Joong Yun
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Chunri Yan
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Pildu Jeong
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Ye Hwan Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Il Seok Lee
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Ho Won Kang
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Sunghyouk Park
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Product Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Kwon Moon
- School of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Oriental Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Young Deuk Choi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Isaac Yi Kim
- Section of Urological Oncology, The Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Jayoung Kim
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Cancer Biology Division, Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Wun Jae Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea.
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Knutsen JS, Kerger BD, Finley B, Paustenbach DJ. A calibrated human PBPK model for benzene inhalation with urinary bladder and bone marrow compartments. Risk Anal 2013; 33:1237-1251. [PMID: 23278103 DOI: 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2012.01927.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model of benzene inhalation based on a recent mouse model was adapted to include bone marrow (target organ) and urinary bladder compartments. Empirical data on human liver microsomal protein levels and linked CYP2E1 activities were incorporated into the model, and metabolite-specific conversion rate parameters were estimated by fitting to human biomonitoring data and adjusting for background levels of urinary metabolites. Human studies of benzene levels in blood and breath, and phenol levels in urine were used to validate the rate of human conversion of benzene to benzene oxide, and urinary benzene metabolites from Chinese benzene worker populations provided model validation for rates of human conversion of benzene to muconic acid (MA) and phenylmercapturic acid (PMA), phenol (PH), catechol (CA), hydroquinone (HQ), and benzenetriol (BT). The calibrated human model reveals that while liver microsomal protein and CYP2E1 activities are lower on average in humans compared to mice, the mouse also shows far lower rates of benzene conversion to MA and PMA, and far higher conversion of benzene to BO/PH, and of BO/PH to CA, HQ, and BT. The model also differed substantially from existing human PBPK models with respect to several metabolic rate parameters of importance to interpreting benzene metabolism and health risks in human populations associated with bone marrow doses. The model provides a new methodological paradigm focused on integrating linked human liver metabolism data and calibration using biomonitoring data, thus allowing for model uncertainty analysis and more rigorous validation.
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Lindberg AL, Sohel N, Rahman M, Persson LÅ, Vahter M. Impact of smoking and chewing tobacco on arsenic-induced skin lesions. Environ Health Perspect 2010; 118:533-8. [PMID: 20064784 PMCID: PMC2854731 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.0900728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2009] [Accepted: 11/03/2009] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We recently reported that the main reason for the documented higher prevalence of arsenic-related skin lesions among men than among women is the result of less efficient arsenic metabolism. OBJECTIVE Because smoking has been associated with less efficient arsenic methylation, we aimed to elucidate interactions between tobacco use and arsenic metabolism for the risk of developing skin lesions. METHODS We used a population-based case-referent study that showed increased risk for skin lesions in relation to chronic arsenic exposure via drinking water in Bangladesh and randomly selected 526 of the referents (random sample of inhabitants > 4 years old; 47% male) and all 504 cases (54% male) with arsenic-related skin lesions to measure arsenic metabolites [methylarsonic acid (MA) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA)] in urine using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS). RESULTS The odds ratio for skin lesions was almost three times higher in the highest tertile of urinary %MA than in the lowest tertile. Men who smoked cigarettes and bidis (locally produced cigarettes; 33% of referents, 58% of cases) had a significantly higher risk for skin lesions than did nonsmoking men; this association decreased slightly after accounting for arsenic metabolism. Only two women smoked, but women who chewed tobacco (21% of referents, 43% of cases) had a considerably higher risk of skin lesions than did women who did not use tobacco. The odds ratio (OR) for women who chewed tobacco and who had < or = 7.9%MA was 3.8 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.4-10] compared with women in the same MA tertile who did not use tobacco. In the highest tertile of %MA or %inorganic arsenic (iAs), women who chewed tobacco had ORs of 7.3 and 7.5, respectively, compared with women in the lowest tertiles who did not use tobacco. CONCLUSION The increased risk of arsenic-related skin lesions in male smokers compared with nonsmokers appears to be partly explained by impaired arsenic methylation, while there seemed to be an excess risk due to interaction between chewing tobacco and arsenic metabolism in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Lena Lindberg
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- URS Nordic AB, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nazmul Sohel
- International Maternal and Child Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mahfuzar Rahman
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Lars Åke Persson
- International Maternal and Child Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marie Vahter
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Address correspondence to M. Vahter, Division of Metals and Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden. Telephone: 46 8 728 75 40. Fax: 46 8 33 69 81. E-mail:
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Valenzuela OL, Borja-Aburto VH, Garcia-Vargas GG, Cruz-Gonzalez MB, Garcia-Montalvo EA, Calderon-Aranda ES, Del Razo LM. Urinary trivalent methylated arsenic species in a population chronically exposed to inorganic arsenic. Environ Health Perspect 2005; 113:250-4. [PMID: 15743710 PMCID: PMC1253747 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.7519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2004] [Accepted: 11/22/2004] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) has been associated with increased risk of various forms of cancer and of noncancerous diseases. Metabolic conversions of iAs that yield highly toxic and genotoxic methylarsonite (MAsIII) and dimethylarsinite (DMAsIII) may play a significant role in determining the extent and character of toxic and cancer-promoting effects of iAs exposure. In this study we examined the relationship between urinary profiles of MAsIII and DMAsIII and skin lesion markers of iAs toxicity in individuals exposed to iAs in drinking water. The study subjects were recruited among the residents of an endemic region of central Mexico. Drinking-water reservoirs in this region are heavily contaminated with iAs. Previous studies carried out in the local populations have found an increased incidence of pathologies, primarily skin lesions, that are characteristic of arseniasis. The goal of this study was to investigate the urinary profiles for the trivalent and pentavalent As metabolites in both high- and low-iAs-exposed subjects. Notably, methylated trivalent arsenicals were detected in 98% of analyzed urine samples. On average, the major metabolite, DMAsIII, represented 49% of total urinary As, followed by DMAsV (23.7%), iAsV (8.6%), iAsIII (8.5%), MAsIII (7.4%), and MAsV (2.8%). More important, the average MAsIII concentration was significantly higher in the urine of exposed individuals with skin lesions compared with those who drank iAs-contaminated water but had no skin lesions. These data suggest that urinary levels of MAsIII, the most toxic species among identified metabolites of iAs, may serve as an indicator to identify individuals with increased susceptibility to toxic and cancer-promoting effects of arseniasis.
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