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Kim J, Jin P, Yang W, Kim WJ. Proteomic profiling of bladder cancer for precision medicine in the clinical setting: A review for the busy urologist. Investig Clin Urol 2021; 61:539-554. [PMID: 33135400 PMCID: PMC7606121 DOI: 10.4111/icu.20200317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
At present, proteomic methods have successfully identified potential biomarkers of urological malignancies, such as prostate cancer (PC), bladder cancer (BC), and renal cell carcinoma (RCC), reflecting different numbers of key cellular processes, including extracellular environment modification, invasion and metastasis, chemotaxis, differentiation, metabolite transport, and apoptosis. The potential application of proteomics in the detection of clinical markers of urological malignancies can help improve patient assessment through early cancer detection, prognosis, and treatment response prediction. A variety of proteomic studies have already been carried out to find prognostic BC biomarkers, and a large number of potential biomarkers have been reported. It is worth noting that proteomics research has not been applied to the study of predictive markers; this may be due to the incompatibility between the number of measured variables and the available sample size, which has become particularly evident in the study of therapeutic response. On the contrary, prognostic correlation is more common, which is also reflected in existing research. We are now entering an era of clinical proteomics. Driven by proteomic-based workflows, computing tools, and the applicability of cross-correlation of proteomic data, it is now feasible to use proteomic analysis to support personalized medicine. In this paper, we will summarize the current emerging technologies for advanced discovery, targeted proteomics, and proteomic applications in BC, particularly in discovery of human-based biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayoung Kim
- Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Peng Jin
- Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Wun Jae Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea.,Institute of UroTech, Cheongju, Korea.
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2
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Kang HW, Piao XM, Lee HY, Kim K, Seo SP, Ha YS, Kim YU, Kim WT, Kim YJ, Lee SC, Kim WJ, Shin EY, Kim EG, Yun SJ. Expression of phosphorylated p21-activated kinase 4 is associated with aggressive histologic characteristics and poor prognosis in patients with surgically treated renal cell carcinoma. Investig Clin Urol 2021; 62:399-407. [PMID: 34085786 PMCID: PMC8246022 DOI: 10.4111/icu.20200399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose P21-activated kinase 4 (PAK4), a serine/threonine kinase that regulates a number of fundamental cellular processes, has been suggested as a prognostic factor for various human tumors. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical implications of phospho-Ser474 PAK4 (pPAK4S474), an activated form of PAK4, in surgically treated renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Materials and Methods Samples from 131 patients with surgically treated RCC were immunostained to detect PAK4 and pPAK4S474. Expression of PAK4 and pPAK4S474 was compared with clinicopathological characteristics and survival after nephrectomy. Results PAK4 and pPAK4S474 were expressed predominantly in the nucleus. Overall, 57.3% (75/131) and 24.4% (29/119) of specimens exhibited high expression of pPAK4S474 and PAK4, respectively. High expression of pPAK4S474 was associated with adverse pathologic characteristics, including advanced tumor stage and grade (p=0.036 and p=0.002, respectively), whereas this association was not significant for PAK4 expression (each p>0.05). Kaplan-Meier estimates showed that high expression of pPAK4S474 was associated with shorter recurrence-free survival in a subgroup with localized RCC and with cancer-specific survival in the total RCC cohort (log-rank test: p=0.001 and p=0.005, respectively), whereas PAK4 expression was not. Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified that high pPAK4S474 expression was an independent predictor of recurrence in the subgroup with localized RCC. Conclusions pPAK4S474 may be a more accurate prognostic factor than total PAK4 in RCC patients. This marker would be useful for identifying patients with pathologically localized disease who may require further interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Won Kang
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Xuan Mei Piao
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Hee Youn Lee
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Kyeong Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Sung Pil Seo
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Yun Sok Ha
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Yeong Uk Kim
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Won Tae Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Yong June Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Sang Cheol Lee
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Wun Jae Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Eun Young Shin
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Research Center, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Eung Gook Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Research Center, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea.
| | - Seok Joong Yun
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea.
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Kang J, Oh YM, Lee JH, Kim EK, Lim SY, Kim WJ, Yoon HI, Kim TH, Park TS, Kim SO, Lee SW, Lee SD, Lee JS. Distinctive patterns of pulmonary function change according to baseline lung volume and diffusing capacity. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2021; 24:597-605. [PMID: 32553011 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.19.0401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
SETTING: Multicentre retrospective study in South Korea.OBJECTIVE: To longitudinally evaluate changes in lung volume and diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) with forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1).DESIGN: A total of 155 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), whose pulmonary function parameters were measured annually for 5 years, were selected from a prospective cohort in South Korea. A random coefficients model was used to estimate mean annual FEV1, lung volume parameter and DLCO change rates.RESULTS: Patients were classified into four groups based on baseline DLCO and residual volume/total lung capacity (RV/TLC) measurements. The annual FEV1 decline rate was greater in patients with low DLCO than in those with normal DLCO, with the greatest decline occurring in patients with low DLCO and normal RV/TLC. RV and RV/TLC declined in patients with high RV/TLC, whereas these increased in patients with normal RV/TLC. DLCO decreased longitudinally in all four groups, with the greatest decline occurring in patients with normal DLCO and normal RV/TLC.CONCLUSIONS: Different subgroups of patients with COPD exhibited distinctive pulmonary function change patterns. Baseline DLCO and RV/TLC may be used as physiological markers to predict long-term changes in pulmonary function.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - Y-M Oh
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - J-H Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Bundang CHA Hospital, College of Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam
| | - E K Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Bundang CHA Hospital, College of Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam
| | - S Y Lim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul
| | - W J Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon
| | - H I Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam
| | - T-H Kim
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri
| | - T S Park
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri
| | - S O Kim
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S W Lee
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - S-D Lee
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - J S Lee
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
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Byun YJ, Piao XM, Jeong P, Kang HW, Seo SP, Moon SK, Lee JY, Choi YH, Lee HY, Kim WT, Lee SC, Cha EJ, Yun SJ, Kim WJ. Urinary microRNA-1913 to microRNA-3659 expression ratio as a non-invasive diagnostic biomarker for prostate cancer. Investig Clin Urol 2021; 62:340-348. [PMID: 33834642 PMCID: PMC8100013 DOI: 10.4111/icu.20200488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs and are involved in the development, proliferation, and pathogenesis of prostate cancer (PCa). Urinary miRNAs are promising non-invasive biomarkers for PCa diagnosis because of their stability in urine. Here, we evaluated the diagnostic value of urinary miR-1913 to miR-3659 ratio in PCa patients and benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) controls. MATERIALS AND METHODS Candidate miRNAs were identified from urinary microarray data and tested by real-time PCR. The urinary miR-1913 to miR-3659 expression ratio was selected and tested in 83 urine samples (44 PCa and 39 BPH) to confirm its validity as a non-invasive diagnostic biomarker for PCa. RESULTS The expression ratio of urinary miR-1913 to miR-3659 was significantly higher in PCa than in BPH (p=0.002) and showed a higher area under the receiver operating characteristic curve than prostate-specific antigen (PSA; 0.821 vs. 0.518) in patients within the PSA gray zone (tPSA: 3-10 ng/mL), with sensitivity of 75.0% and specificity of 78.6% (p=0.003). CONCLUSIONS The urinary miR-1913 to miR-3659 expression ratio was increased in PCa and may serve as a useful supplemental biomarker to PSA for the diagnosis of PCa, particularly in patients within the PSA gray zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Joon Byun
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Xuan Mei Piao
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Pildu Jeong
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Ho Won Kang
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea.,Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Sung Phil Seo
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Sung Kwon Moon
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea
| | | | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Oriental Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Hee Youn Lee
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Won Tae Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea.,Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Sang Cheol Lee
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea.,Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Eun Jong Cha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Seok Joong Yun
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea.,Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Wun Jae Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea.,Institute of Urotech, Cheongju, Korea.
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Kang HW, Seo SP, Lee HY, Kim K, Ha YS, Kim WT, Kim YJ, Yun SJ, Kim WJ, Lee SC. A high basal metabolic rate is an independent predictor of stone recurrence in obese patients. Investig Clin Urol 2021; 62:195-200. [PMID: 33660447 PMCID: PMC7940852 DOI: 10.4111/icu.20200438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Basal metabolic rate (BMR) is an indicator of overall body metabolism and may portend unique aberrations in urine physico-chemistry and stone recurrence. The present study examined the effect of predicted BMR on 24 hours urinary metabolic profiles and stone recurrence in obese stone patients. Materials and Methods Data from 308 obese patients (body mass index [BMI] ≥30 kg/m2) diagnosed with urinary stone disease between 2003 and 2015 were analyzed retrospectively. BMR was calculated using the Harris–Benedict equation, and patients were classified into two predicted BMR categories (<1,145 kcal/day, ≥1,145 kcal/day). Urinary metabolic parameters and risk of stone recurrence were compared between the two groups. Results The high BMR group was more likely to be younger and female, and to have a high BMI and lower incidence of diabetes than the low BMR group (each p<0.05). There was a positive correlation between BMR and 24 hours urinary sodium, uric acid, and phosphate excretion. The amounts of stone-forming constituents such as calcium and uric acid were significantly higher in the high BMR group. Kaplan–Meier estimates showed that the high BMR group had a significantly shorter stone recurrence-free period than the low BMR group (log-rank test, p<0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analyses revealed that predicted BMR was an independent factor of stone recurrence (hazard ratio, 2.759; 95% confidence interval, 1.413–5.386; p=0.003). Conclusions BMR may be an easily measured parameter that can be used to identify risk of stone recurrence in obese stone patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Won Kang
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Sung Pil Seo
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Hee Youn Lee
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Kyeong Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Yun Sok Ha
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Won Tae Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Yong June Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Seok Joong Yun
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Wun Jae Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Sang Cheol Lee
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea.
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6
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Ha YS, Kim SY, Chung JI, Choi H, Kim JH, Yu HS, Cho IC, Kim HJ, Chung HC, Koh JS, Lee JY, Park DJ, Kim HT, Yoo ES, Kwon TG, Min K, Kim WJ, Yun SJ, Park JH. Trends in End-of-Life Resource Utilization and Costs among Prostate Cancer Patients from 2006 to 2015: A Nationwide Population-Based Study. World J Mens Health 2020; 39:158-167. [PMID: 33350174 PMCID: PMC7752516 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.200113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate end-of-life resource utilization and costs for prostate cancer patients during the last year of life in Korea. Materials and Methods The study used the National Health Information Database (NHIS-2017-4-031) of the Korean National Health Insurance Service. Healthcare claim data for the years 2002 through 2015 were collected from the Korean National Health Insurance System. Among 83,173 prostate cancer patients, we enrolled 18,419 after excluding 1,082 who never claimed for the last year of life. Results From 2006 to 2015, there was a 3.2-fold increase the total number of prostate cancer decedents. The average cost of care during the last year of life increased over the 10-year period, from 14,420,000 Korean won to 20,300,000 Korean won, regardless of survival time. The cost of major treatments and medications, other than analgesics, was relatively high. Radiologic tests, opioids, pain control, and rehabilitation costs were relatively low. Multiple regression analysis identified age and living in rural area as negatively associated with prostate cancer care costs, whereas income level and a higher number of comorbidities were positively associated. Conclusions Expenditure of prostate cancer care during the last year of life varied according to patient characteristics. Average costs increased every year. However, the results suggest underutilization of support services, likely due to lack of alternative accommodation for terminal prostate cancer patients. Further examination of patterns of utilization of healthcare resources will allow policymakers to take a better approach to reducing the burden of prostate cancer care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Sok Ha
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - So Young Kim
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Jae Il Chung
- Department of Urology, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Hoon Choi
- Department of Urology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
| | - Jae Heon Kim
- Department of Urology, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho Song Yu
- Department of Urology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - In Chang Cho
- Department of Urology, National Police Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung Joon Kim
- Department of Urology, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyun Chul Chung
- Department of Urology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Jun Sung Koh
- Department of Urology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Youl Lee
- Department of Urology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Jin Park
- Department of Urology, Dongguk University School of Medicine, Gyeongju, Korea
| | - Hyun Tae Kim
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Eun Sang Yoo
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Tae Gyun Kwon
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Kyungchan Min
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Wun Jae Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea.,Institute of Urotech, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Seok Joong Yun
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea.
| | - Jong Hyock Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Health Science Business Convergence, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea.
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Abstract
Patients with cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) caused by mutations in RUNX2 have severe dental anomalies, including delayed or absent eruption of permanent teeth. This requires painful and expensive surgical/orthodontic intervention because of the absence of medicine for this condition. Here, we demonstrate that nicotinamide, a vitamin B3 and class III histone deacetylase inhibitor, significantly improves delayed tooth eruption in Runx2+/- mice, a well-known CCD animal model, through the restoration of decreased osteoclastogenesis. We also found that Csf1 mRNA and protein levels were significantly reduced in Runx2+/- osteoblasts as compared with wild type whereas RANKL and OPG levels had no significant difference between wild type and Runx2+/- osteoblasts. The nicotinamide-induced restoration of osteoclastogenesis of bone marrow-derived macrophages in Runx2+/- mice was due to the increased expression of RUNX2 and CSF1 and increased RANKL/OPG ratio. RUNX2 directly regulated Csf1 mRNA expression via binding to the promoter region of the Csf1 gene. In addition, nicotinamide enhanced the RUNX2 protein level and transacting activity posttranslationally with Sirt2 inhibition. Taken together, our study shows the potential and underlying molecular mechanism of nicotinamide for the treatment of delayed tooth eruption by using the Runx2+/- murine model, suggesting nicotinamide as a candidate therapeutic drug for dental abnormalities in patients with CCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yoon
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, BK21 Program, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H J Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, BK21 Program, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H R Shin
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, BK21 Program, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - B S Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, BK21 Program, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - W J Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, BK21 Program, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y D Cho
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, BK21 Program, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H M Ryoo
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, BK21 Program, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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8
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Newall AT, Leong RNF, Nazareno A, Muscatello DJ, Wood JG, Kim WJ. Delay-adjusted age- and sex-specific case fatality rates for COVID-19 in South Korea: Evolution in the estimated risk of mortality throughout the epidemic. Int J Infect Dis 2020; 101:306-311. [PMID: 33011281 PMCID: PMC7529598 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.1478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to estimate delay-adjusted case fatality rates (CFRs) for COVID-19 in South Korea, and evaluate how these estimates have evolved over time throughout the epidemic. Methods Public data from the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC) were used to estimate age- and sex-specific CFRs for COVID-19 in South Korea up to June 12, 2020. We applied statistical methods previously developed to adjust for the delay between diagnosis and death, and presented both delay-adjusted and crude (unadjusted) CFRs throughout the epidemic. Results The overall estimated delay-adjusted CFR was 2.39% (3.05% for males and 1.92% for females). Within each age strata where deaths were reported, males were found to have significantly higher CFRs than females. The estimated CFRs increased substantially from age 60 years in males and from 70 years in females. Both the delay-adjusted and crude CFRs were found to have evolved substantially, particularly early in the epidemic, converging only from mid-April 2020. Conclusions The CFRs for South Korea provide an estimate of mortality risk in a setting where case ascertainment is likely to be more complete. The evolution in CFRs throughout the epidemic highlights the need for caution when interpreting CFRs calculated at a given time point.
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Affiliation(s)
- A T Newall
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - R N F Leong
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - A Nazareno
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - D J Muscatello
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - J G Wood
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - W J Kim
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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9
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Song JH, Hwang B, Chung HJ, Moon B, Kim JW, Ko K, Kim BW, Kim WR, Kim WJ, Myung SC, Moon SK. Peanut Sprout Extracts Cultivated with Fermented Sawdust Medium Inhibits Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia In Vitro and In Vivo. World J Mens Health 2020; 38:385-396. [PMID: 32202087 PMCID: PMC7308230 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.190173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In this study, we tested whether the resveratrol-enriched peanut sprout extracts cultivated with fermented sawdust medium (PSEFS) could suppress benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in vitro and in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS The mode of action of PSEFS was estimated by employing high-performance liquid chromatography analysis, MTT assay, cell counting, cell cycle analysis, immunoblots, and immunoprecipitation and electrophoretic mobility shift assay. In vivo efficacy of PSEFS was analyzed in BPH animal model via immunostaining and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS We selected the Yesan peanut sprout variety, which contains the highest level of resveratrol. The resveratrol levels in PSEFS were higher than those obtained with hydroponic technology. PSEFS treatment induced cell cycle arrest at the G1-phase by downregulating CDK4 and cyclin D1 via p21WAF1 induction in the RWPE-1 and WPMY prostate cells, thereby decreasing their proliferation. Treatment with PSEFS decreased ERK1/2 phosphorylation and increased JNK phosphorylation. The levels of DNA-bound transcription factors associated with proliferation (nuclear factor-κB, Sp-1, and AP-1) decreased upon PSEFS treatment in both prostate cells. Additionally, the levels of the molecular markers of BPH development (5α-reductase, androgen receptor, fibroblast growth factor, Bcl-2, and Bax) also changed by the addition of PSEFS. Finally, in a testosterone propionate-induced BPH model in rats, PSEFS administration attenuated the size, weight, and thickness of prostate tissues with no signs of death. CONCLUSIONS These results showed that PSEFS inhibited BPH both in vitro and in vivo and might be useful in the development of a potential BPH therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Hui Song
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Biotechnology and Natural Resources, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea
| | - Byungdoo Hwang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Biotechnology and Natural Resources, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea
| | - Hyun Joo Chung
- Department of Urology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Bio-Integration Research Center for Nutra-Pharmaceutical Epigenetics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - BoKyung Moon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Biotechnology and Natural Resources, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea
- Bio-Integration Research Center for Nutra-Pharmaceutical Epigenetics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Wook Kim
- Department of Urology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kisung Ko
- Department of Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | - Wun Jae Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Soon Chul Myung
- Department of Urology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Bio-Integration Research Center for Nutra-Pharmaceutical Epigenetics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Sung Kwon Moon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Biotechnology and Natural Resources, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea
- Bio-Integration Research Center for Nutra-Pharmaceutical Epigenetics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea.
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10
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Jeong HT, Kim WJ. Comparison of Hot Deformation Behavior Characteristics Between As-Cast and Extruded Al-Zn-Mg-Cu (7075) Aluminum Alloys with a Similar Grain Size. Materials (Basel) 2019; 12:ma12233807. [PMID: 31756980 PMCID: PMC6926894 DOI: 10.3390/ma12233807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The hot compressive behavior and processing maps of as-cast and extruded 7075 aluminum alloys with a similar grain size (320–350 μm) were studied and compared, which allows us to directly observe the effect of segregated phases in the as-cast microstructure on the deformation behavior and hot workability of 7075 alloys. In the as-cast alloy, the compound phases segregated along the interdendritic interfaces within the interiors of original grains provided the additional sites for continuous dynamic recrystallization via the particle stimulation nucleation mechanism. As a result, the as-cast alloy exhibited higher fractions of recrystallized grains and smaller grain sizes than the extruded alloy after compression. The stress exponent values of the as-cast alloy were smaller than those of the extruded alloy. In the processing maps, the domain associated with high power dissipation efficiencies (≥35%) occurred in a wider temperature range in the as-cast alloy compared to the extruded alloy. The segregated phases that remained undissolved in the as-cast alloy after compressive deformation could be effectively eliminated during the solid solution treatment (753 K for 2 h) for T6 aging applied after hot compression. The current results suggest the possibility and advantage of omitting the extrusion step when preparing 7xxx aluminum forging or extrusion feedstocks for hot working. The proposed method can be applied to other precipitation hardenable aluminum alloys.
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Affiliation(s)
- H T Jeong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Hongik University, Mapo-gu, Sangsu-dong 72-1, Seoul 121-791, Korea
| | - W J Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Hongik University, Mapo-gu, Sangsu-dong 72-1, Seoul 121-791, Korea
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11
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Kim WJ, Gupta V, Nishimura M, Makita H, Idolor L, Roa C, Loh LC, Ong CK, Wang JS, Boonsawat W, Gunasekera KD, Madegedara D, Kuo HP, Wang CH, Wang C, Yang T, Lin YX, Ko FWS, Hui DSC, Lan LTT, Vu QTT, Bhome AB, Ng A, Seo JB, Lee BY, Lee JS, Oh YM, Lee SD. Identification of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease subgroups in 13 Asian cities. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2019; 22:820-826. [PMID: 29914609 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.17.0524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous condition that can differ in its clinical manifestation, structural changes and response to treatment. OBJECTIVE To identify subgroups of COPD with distinct phenotypes, evaluate the distribution of phenotypes in four related regions and calculate the 1-year change in lung function and quality of life according to subgroup. METHODS Using clinical characteristics, we performed factor analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis in a cohort of 1676 COPD patients from 13 Asian cities. We compared the 1-year change in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), modified Medical Research Council dyspnoea scale score, St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) score and exacerbations according to subgroup derived from cluster analysis. RESULTS Factor analysis revealed that body mass index, Charlson comorbidity index, SGRQ total score and FEV1 were principal factors. Using these four factors, cluster analysis identified three distinct subgroups with differing disease severity and symptoms. Among the three subgroups, patients in subgroup 2 (severe disease and more symptoms) had the most frequent exacerbations, most rapid FEV1 decline and greatest decline in SGRQ total score. CONCLUSION Three subgroups with differing severities and symptoms were identified in Asian COPD subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - V Gupta
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea, Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Bathinda, India
| | - M Nishimura
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - H Makita
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - L Idolor
- Section of Respiratory Services and Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Lung Center of the Philippines, Quezon City
| | - C Roa
- College of Medicine and Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines, Manila, The Philippines
| | - L-C Loh
- Department of Medicine, Penang Medical College, Penang, Malaysia
| | - C-K Ong
- Department of Medicine, Penang Medical College, Penang, Malaysia
| | - J-S Wang
- Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - W Boonsawat
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - K D Gunasekera
- Central Chest Clinic, National Hospital of Sri Lanka, Colombo
| | - D Madegedara
- Respiratory Disease Treatment Unit, Teaching Hospital Kandy, Kandy, Sri Lanka
| | - H-P Kuo
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C-H Wang
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing
| | - T Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing
| | - Y-X Lin
- Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing
| | - F W S Ko
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - D S C Hui
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - L T T Lan
- Respiratory Care Center, University Medical Center, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Q T T Vu
- Respiratory Care Center, University Medical Center, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - A B Bhome
- Indian Coalition of Obstructive Lung Diseases Network, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - A Ng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - J B Seo
- Department of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - B Y Lee
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Diseases, Soon Chun Hyang University Hospital, Seoul
| | - J S Lee
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Clinical Research Center for Chronic Obstructive Airway Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y-M Oh
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Clinical Research Center for Chronic Obstructive Airway Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S-D Lee
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Clinical Research Center for Chronic Obstructive Airway Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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12
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Kang HW, Park H, Seo SP, Byun YJ, Piao XM, Kim SM, Kim WT, Yun SJ, Jang W, Shon HS, Ryu KH, Lee SC, Kim WJ, Kim YJ. Methylation Signature for Prediction of Progression Free Survival in Surgically Treated Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. J Korean Med Sci 2019; 34:e144. [PMID: 31099194 PMCID: PMC6522894 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2019.34.e144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about epigenetic silencing of genes by promoter hypermethylation in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The aim of this study was to identify prognostic methylation markers in surgically treated clear cell RCC (ccRCC). METHODS Methylation patterns were assayed using the Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip array on pairs of ccRCC and normal tissue from 12 patients. Using quantitative PSQ analysis, tumor-specific hypermethylated genes were validated in 25 independent cohorts and their clinical relevance was also verified in 152 independent cohorts. RESULTS Using genome-wide methylation array, Zinc finger protein 278 (ZNF278), Family with sequence similarity 155 member A (FAM155A) and Dipeptidyl peptidase 6 (DPP6) were selected for tumor-specific hypermethylated genes in primary ccRCC. The promoter methylation of these genes occurred more frequently in ccRCC than normal kidney in independent validation cohort. The hypermethylation of three genes were associated with advanced tumor stage and high grade tumor in ccRCC. During median follow-up of 39.2 (interquartile range, 15.4-79.1) months, 22 (14.5%) patients experienced distant metastasis. Multivariate analysis identified the methylation status of these three genes, either alone, or in a combined risk score as an independent predictor of distant metastasis. CONCLUSION The promoter methylation of ZNF278, FAM155A and DPP6 genes are associated with aggressive tumor phenotype and early development of distant metastasis in patients with surgically treated ccRCC. These potential methylation markers, either alone, or in combination, could provide novel targets for development of individualized therapeutic and prevention regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Won Kang
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | | | - Sung Pil Seo
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Young Joon Byun
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Xuan Mei Piao
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Sung Min Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Won Tae Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Seok Joong Yun
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Wooyeong Jang
- Clinical Genomics Analysis Branch, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Ho Sun Shon
- Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Keun Ho Ryu
- Department of Computer Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Sang Cheol Lee
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Wun Jae Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Yong June Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea.
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13
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Shin HR, Bae HS, Kim BS, Yoon HI, Cho YD, Kim WJ, Choi KY, Lee YS, Woo KM, Baek JH, Ryoo HM. PIN1 is a new therapeutic target of craniosynostosis. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 27:3827-3839. [PMID: 30007339 PMCID: PMC6216213 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Gain-of-function mutations in fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) cause congenital skeletal anomalies, including craniosynostosis (CS), which is characterized by the premature closure of craniofacial sutures. Apert syndrome (AS) is one of the severest forms of CS, and the only treatment is surgical expansion of prematurely fused sutures in infants. Previously, we demonstrated that the prolyl isomerase peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase interacting 1 (PIN1) plays a critical role in mediating FGFR signaling and that Pin1+/- mice exhibit delayed closure of cranial sutures. In this study, using both genetic and pharmacological approaches, we tested whether PIN1 modulation could be used as a therapeutic regimen against AS. In the genetic approach, we crossbred Fgfr2S252W/+, a mouse model of AS, and Pin1+/- mice. Downregulation of Pin1 gene dosage attenuated premature cranial suture closure and other phenotypes of AS in Fgfr2S252W/+ mutant mice. In the pharmacological approach, we intraperitoneally administered juglone, a PIN1 enzyme inhibitor, to pregnant Fgfr2S252W/+ mutant mice and found that this treatment successfully interrupted fetal development of AS phenotypes. Primary cultured osteoblasts from Fgfr2S252W/+ mutant mice expressed high levels of FGFR2 downstream target genes, but this phenotype was attenuated by PIN1 inhibition. Post-translational stabilization and activation of Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) in Fgfr2S252W/+ osteoblasts were also attenuated by PIN1 inhibition. Based on these observations, we conclude that PIN1 enzyme activity is important for FGFR2-induced RUNX2 activation and craniofacial suture morphogenesis. Moreover, these findings highlight that juglone or other PIN1 inhibitors represent viable alternatives to surgical intervention for treatment of CS and other hyperostotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- H R Shin
- BK21 Program, Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Bae
- BK21 Program, Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - B S Kim
- BK21 Program, Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H I Yoon
- BK21 Program, Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y D Cho
- BK21 Program, Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - W J Kim
- BK21 Program, Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K Y Choi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Y S Lee
- BK21 Program, Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K M Woo
- BK21 Program, Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Baek
- BK21 Program, Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H M Ryoo
- BK21 Program, Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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14
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Jin CY, Molagoda IMN, Park C, Kwon TK, Yun SJ, Kim WJ, Kim GY, Choi YH. Piceatannol-Induced Apoptosis Is Reversed by N-Acetyl-L-cysteine through Restoration of XIAP Expression. Biol Pharm Bull 2018; 41:1372-1378. [PMID: 30175773 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b18-00157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Piceatannol, a naturally occurring stilbene derivative mainly found in grapes, possesses apoptotic activity in various cancer cell lines, in addition to potent antioxidant activity. In the current study, we showed that piceatannol exhibits potent cytotoxic effects in all tested leukemia cell lines (THP-1, HL-60, U937, and K562). These effects were accompanied by induction of DNA damage, an increase in the proportion of cells in the sub-G1 phase of the cell cycle, and inhibition of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. However, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), a strong ROS scavenger, significantly inhibited piceatannol-induced apoptosis, suggesting that piceatannol-induced apoptosis does not occur via inhibition of ROS generation. Piceatannol also resulted in a significant increase in mitochondrial depolarization, along with a decline in Bcl-2 expression, which was not restored by NAC. Conversely, ectopic Bcl-2 overexpression moderately inhibited piceatannol-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, piceatannol strongly inhibited X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) expression, which was restored by NAC. A transient knockdown of XIAP significantly increased piceatannol-induced apoptosis in the presence of NAC, suggesting that XIAP downregulation increases piceatannol-induced apoptosis, and that NAC could reverse this effect by increasing XIAP expression. Taken together, these results suggest that piceatannol induces apoptosis in human leukemia cell lines by downregulating XIAP expression, regardless of antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yun Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University
| | | | - Cheol Park
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences and Human Ecology, Dongeui University
| | - Taeg Kyu Kwon
- Department of Immunology and School of Medicine, Keimyung University
| | - Seok-Joong Yun
- Personalized Tumor Engineering Research Center, Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine
| | - Wun Jae Kim
- Personalized Tumor Engineering Research Center, Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine
| | - Gi-Young Kim
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Korean Medicine, Dong-Eui University
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15
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Kim MY, Bo HH, Choi EO, Kwon DH, Kim HJ, Ahn KI, Ji SY, Jeong JW, Park SH, Hong SH, Kim GY, Park C, Kim HS, Moon SK, Yun SJ, Kim WJ, Choi YH. Induction of Apoptosis by Citrus unshiu Peel in Human Breast Cancer MCF-7 Cells: Involvement of ROS-Dependent Activation of AMPK. Biol Pharm Bull 2018; 41:713-721. [PMID: 29709909 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b17-00898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The fruit of Citrus unshiu MARKOVICH used for various purposes in traditional medicine has various pharmacological properties including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial effects. Recently, the possibility of anti-cancer activity of the extracts or components of this fruit has been reported; however, the exact mechanism has not yet been fully understood. In this study, we evaluated the anti-proliferative effect of water extract of C. unshiu peel (WECU) on human breast cancer MCF-7 cells and investigated the underlying mechanism. Our results showed that reduction of MCF-7 cell survival by WECU was associated with the induction of apoptosis. WECU-induced apoptotic cell death was related to the activation of caspase-8 and -9, representative initiate caspases of extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis pathways, respectively, and increase in the Bax : Bcl-2 ratio accompanied by cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). WECU also increased the mitochondrial dysfunction and cytosolic release of cytochrome c. In addition, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and its downstream target molecule, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, were activated in a concentration-dependent manner in WECU-treated cells. In contrast, compound C, an AMPK inhibitor, significantly inhibited WECU-induced apoptosis, while inhibiting increased expression of Bax and decreased expression of Bcl-2 by WECU and inhibition of WECU-induced PARP degradation. Furthermore, WECU provoked the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS); however, the activation of AMKP and apoptosis by WECU were prevented, when the ROS production was blocked by antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine. Therefore, our data indicate that WECU suppresses MCF-7 cell proliferation by activating the intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis pathways through ROS-dependent AMPK pathway activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yeong Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine.,Anti-Aging Research Center, Dongeui University
| | - Hyun Hwang Bo
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine.,Anti-Aging Research Center, Dongeui University
| | - Eun Ok Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine.,Anti-Aging Research Center, Dongeui University
| | - Da He Kwon
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine.,Anti-Aging Research Center, Dongeui University
| | - Hong Jae Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine.,Anti-Aging Research Center, Dongeui University
| | - Kyu Im Ahn
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine.,Anti-Aging Research Center, Dongeui University
| | - Seon Yeong Ji
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine.,Anti-Aging Research Center, Dongeui University
| | - Jin-Woo Jeong
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine.,Anti-Aging Research Center, Dongeui University
| | - Shin-Hyung Park
- Department of Pathology, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine
| | - Su-Hyun Hong
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine.,Anti-Aging Research Center, Dongeui University
| | - Gi-Young Kim
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University
| | - Cheol Park
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Dongeui University
| | - Heui-Soo Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University
| | - Sung-Kwon Moon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Biotechnology & Natural Resource, Chung-Ang University
| | - Seok-Joong Yun
- Personalized Tumor Engineering Research Center, Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine
| | - Wun Jae Kim
- Personalized Tumor Engineering Research Center, Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine.,Anti-Aging Research Center, Dongeui University
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16
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Park SH, Kim WJ, Kang DH. Effect of relative humidity on inactivation of foodborne pathogens using chlorine dioxide gas and its residues on tomatoes. Lett Appl Microbiol 2018; 67:154-160. [PMID: 29719930 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The effect of relative humidity (RH) on the antimicrobial efficacy of chlorine dioxide (ClO2 ) gas against foodborne pathogens on tomatoes was evaluated. Also, levels of ClO2 residues on tomatoes after exposure to ClO2 gas under different RH conditions were measured to determine the quantity of solubilized ClO2 gas on tomato surfaces. Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella Typhimurium and Listeria monocytogenes were inoculated on tomatoes and exposed to ClO2 gas (5, 10, 20 and 30 ppmv) under different RH conditions (50, 70 and 90%). As ClO2 gas concentration and treatment time increased, significant differences (P < 0·05) were observed between inactivation levels under different RH conditions. Exposure to 30 ppmv of ClO2 gas (50% RH) for 20 min resulted in 1·22-1·52 log reductions of the three foodborne pathogens. Levels of the three foodborne pathogens were reduced to below the detection limit (0·48 log CFU per cm2 ) within 15 min when exposed to 30 ppmv of ClO2 gas at 70% RH and within 10 min at 90% RH. At a given ClO2 gas concentration, ClO2 residues on tomatoes significantly (P < 0·05) increased with increasing RH, and there were close correlations between log reductions of pathogens and ClO2 residues on tomatoes. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study reported on the correlation between the amount of ClO2 residues on produce surfaces and the level of inactivation of pathogens after ClO2 gas treatment. Variations in RH have great effect on the solubilization of ClO2 gas on tomato surfaces considering that ClO2 residues on tomatoes increased with increasing RH. Also, the amount of ClO2 residues on tomatoes is positively correlated with the level of inactivation of pathogens. The results of this study provide insights for predicting inactivation patterns of foodborne pathogens by ClO2 gas for practical application by the fresh produce industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Park
- Department of Food and Animal Biotechnology, Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - W J Kim
- Department of Food and Animal Biotechnology, Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - D H Kang
- Department of Food and Animal Biotechnology, Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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17
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Kim WJ, Kang H, Yang SY, Shin HY, Baek CW, Jung YH, Woo YC, In JY. Effective Dose of Remifentanil for Control of Haemodynamic Response to Insertion of the Streamlined Liner of the Pharyngeal Airway. HONG KONG J EMERG ME 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/102490791302000404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To determine the dose of remifentanil needed to achieve successful insertion of the Streamlined Liner of the Pharyngeal Airway (SLIPA™) without the development of hypertension in 95% of the patients. Design Randomised controlled trial. Setting operating theatre of a university hospital Methods A total of 100 ASA I or II patients requiring SLIPA insertion were randomly assigned to receive normal saline (Group C) or one of the four different doses (0.5 µg/kg [Group R0.5], 1.0 µg/kg [Group R1], 1.5 µg/kg [Group R1.5] or 2.0 µg/kg [Group R2]) of remifentanil. Arterial blood pressure and heart rate were recorded at preanesthetic baseline, preinserton, and every one minute during the initial 3 minutes period after insertion. Results A Probit model of remifentanil concentration was predictive of successful insertion of SLIPA without the development of hypertension. The ED95 of remifentanil needed to suppress haemodynamic response from SLIPA insertion was 1.39 µg/kg (95% confidence interval, 1.06-2.61 µg/kg). Conclusions A single administration of remifentanil can effectively suppress haemodynamic changes due to the insertion of SLIPA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - JY In
- Dongguk University College of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Ilsan Hospital, 814, Siksa-dong, Ilsan-gu, Goyang 411-773, Korea
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18
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Ahn KI, Choi EO, Kwon DH, HwangBo H, Kim MY, Kim HJ, Ji SY, Hong SH, Jeong JW, Park C, Kim ND, Kim WJ, Choi YH. Induction of apoptosis by ethanol extract of Citrus unshiu Markovich peel in human bladder cancer T24 cells through ROS-mediated inactivation of the PI3K/Akt pathway. Biosci Trends 2017; 11:565-573. [PMID: 29070760 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2017.01218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Citrus unshiu peel has been used to prevent and treat various diseases in traditional East-Asian medicine including in Korea. Extracts of C. unshiu peel are known to have various pharmacological effects including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial properties. Although the possibility of their anti-cancer activity has recently been reported, the exact mechanisms in human cancer cells have not been sufficiently studied. In this study, the inhibitory effect of ethanol extract of C. unshiu peel (EECU) on the growth of human bladder cancer T24 cells was evaluated and the underlying mechanism was investigated. The present study demonstrated that the suppression of T24 cell viability by EECU is associated with apoptosis induction. EECU-induced apoptosis was found to correlate with an activation of caspase-8, -9, and -3 in concomitance with a decrease in the expression of the inhibitor of apoptosis family of proteins and an increase in the Bax:Bcl-2 ratio accompanied by the proteolytic degradation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase. EECU also increased the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential, and cytochrome c release to the cytosol, along with a truncation of Bid. In addition, EECU inactivated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) as well as Akt, a downstream molecular target of PI3K, and LY294002, a specific PI3K inhibitor significantly enhanced EECU-induced apoptosis and cell viability reduction. However, N-acetyl cysteine, a general ROS scavenger, completely reversed the EECU-induced dephosphorylation of PI3K and Akt, as well as cell apoptosis. Taken together, these findings suggest that EECU inhibits T24 cell proliferation by activating intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis pathways through a ROS-mediated inactivation of the PI3K/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu Im Ahn
- Open Laboratory for Muscular and Skeletal Disease, and Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine.,Anti-Aging Research Center, Dongeui University.,Department of Pharmacy, Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention, Pusan National University
| | - Eun Ok Choi
- Open Laboratory for Muscular and Skeletal Disease, and Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine.,Anti-Aging Research Center, Dongeui University
| | - Da He Kwon
- Open Laboratory for Muscular and Skeletal Disease, and Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine.,Anti-Aging Research Center, Dongeui University
| | - Hyun HwangBo
- Open Laboratory for Muscular and Skeletal Disease, and Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine.,Anti-Aging Research Center, Dongeui University
| | - Min Yeong Kim
- Open Laboratory for Muscular and Skeletal Disease, and Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine.,Anti-Aging Research Center, Dongeui University
| | - Hong Jae Kim
- Open Laboratory for Muscular and Skeletal Disease, and Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine.,Anti-Aging Research Center, Dongeui University
| | - Seon Yeong Ji
- Open Laboratory for Muscular and Skeletal Disease, and Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine.,Anti-Aging Research Center, Dongeui University
| | - Su-Hyun Hong
- Open Laboratory for Muscular and Skeletal Disease, and Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine.,Anti-Aging Research Center, Dongeui University
| | - Jin-Woo Jeong
- Open Laboratory for Muscular and Skeletal Disease, and Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine.,Anti-Aging Research Center, Dongeui University
| | - Cheol Park
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Dongeui University
| | - Nam Deuk Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention, Pusan National University
| | - Wun Jae Kim
- Personalized Tumor Engineering Research Center, Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Open Laboratory for Muscular and Skeletal Disease, and Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine.,Anti-Aging Research Center, Dongeui University
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Kong JS, Jeong CY, Shim MJ, Kim WJ, Yeo SW, Park SN. Comparative study of new autologous material, bone-cartilage composite graft, for ossiculoplasty with Polycel ® and Titanium. Clin Otolaryngol 2017; 43:434-439. [PMID: 28944619 DOI: 10.1111/coa.12987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ossiculoplasty is a surgical procedure that recreates sound transmission of the middle ear in conductive hearing loss. Various materials have been used for ossicular reconstruction, but the most ideal material for ossiculoplasty remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to introduce a novel method of autologous ossiculoplasty, bone-cartilage composite graft (BCCG) and to compare its surgical results with different types of ossiculoplastic prostheses. STUDY DESIGN A retrospective study was performed in a tertiary referral centre. METHODS Data of 275 patients who received ossiculoplasty using the three different materials of BCCG, Polycel® and titanium were analysed according to type of ossiculoplasty: partial or total ossicular replacement prosthesis (PORP or TORP). Hearing results, complication rates and clinical parameters including age, sex, past history, preoperative diagnosis and surgery type were compared among different groups. RESULTS Ossiculoplasty with BCCG showed satisfactory hearing outcomes and the lowest complication rate among the three different materials. In particular, its extrusion rate was 0%. CONCLUSION We propose that the BCCG technique is a useful alternative method for ossiculoplasty, with proper patient selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Kong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - C Y Jeong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - M J Shim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - W J Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - S W Yeo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - S N Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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20
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Kang HW, Seo SP, Ha YS, Kim WT, Kim YJ, Yun SJ, Kim WJ, Lee SC. Chronological Trends in Clinical and Urinary Metabolic Features over 20 Years in Korean Urolithiasis Patients. J Korean Med Sci 2017; 32:1496-1501. [PMID: 28776346 PMCID: PMC5546970 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2017.32.9.1496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Urolithiasis is common and is becoming more prevalent worldwide. This study assessed the chronological trends in clinical and urinary metabolic features over 20 years in Korean urolithiasis patients. We performed a retrospective analysis of 4,076 patients treated at our clinic from 1996 to 2015. Urinary metabolic data and stone analysis data were available for 1,421 and 723 patients (34.9% and 17.7%), respectively. Patients were categorized into 4 groups according to the date of initial diagnosis: group 1 (1996-2000, n = 897), group 2 (2001-2005, n = 1,018), group 3 (2006-2010, n = 1,043), and group 4 (2011-2015, n = 1,118). Incidental detection of uric acid renal stones has become more prevalent in the past 10 years, accompanied by an increase in body mass index and age at diagnosis. Similarly, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and of hypertension increased from one group to the next throughout the study period. Levels of 24-hour urinary excretion of sodium, calcium, uric acid, and oxalate have decreased significantly over the study period. The incidence of urinary metabolic abnormalities also showed an identical tendency. The proportion of stones composed of uric acid increased over the study period. In conclusion, incidental detection of uric acid renal stones has become more prevalent in Korea in the past 20 years. Urinary excretion of lithogenic constituents and the incidence of urinary metabolic abnormalities have decreased significantly over this period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Won Kang
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Sung Pil Seo
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Yun Sok Ha
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Won Tae Kim
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Yong June Kim
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Seok Joong Yun
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Wun Jae Kim
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Sang Cheol Lee
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea.
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21
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Kang HW, Kim WJ. The Author's Response: ASA Physical Status Classification in Surgical Oncology and the Importance of Improving Inter-Rater Reliability. J Korean Med Sci 2017; 32:1213. [PMID: 28581283 PMCID: PMC5461330 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2017.32.7.1213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ho Won Kang
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Wun Jae Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea.
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22
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Zheng J, Son DJ, Lee HL, Lee HP, Kim TH, Joo JH, Ham YW, Kim WJ, Jung JK, Han SB, Hong JT. (E)-2-methoxy-4-(3-(4-methoxyphenyl)prop-1-en-1-yl)phenol suppresses ovarian cancer cell growth via inhibition of ERK and STAT3. Mol Carcinog 2017; 56:2003-2013. [PMID: 28277616 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we synthesized several non-aldehyde analogues of (E)-2,4-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butenal which showed anti-cancer effect. Interestingly, among the 16 compounds, we found that (E)-2-methoxy-4-(3-(4-methoxyphenyl)prop-1-en-1-yl)phenol (MMPP) showed the most significant anti-proliferative effect on PA-1 and SK-OV-3 ovarian epithelial cancer cells. MMPP treatment (0-15 µg/mL) induced apoptotic cell death, enhanced the expression of cleaved caspase-3, and cleaved caspase-9 in a concentration dependent manner. Notably, DNA binding activity of STAT3, phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and p38 was significantly decreased by MMPP treatment. However, ERK siRNA augmented MMPP-induced inhibitory effect on cell growth rather than p38 siRNA or JNK siRNA. Moreover, combination treatment of MMPP with ERK inhibitor U0126 (10 µM) augmented MMPP-induced inhibitory effect on cell growth and DNA binding activity of STAT3, and enhanced expression of cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-9. In addition, STAT3 siRNA transfection augmented MMPP-induced cell growth inhibition. In PA-1 bearing xenograft mice model, MMPP (5 mg/kg) suppressed tumor growth significantly. Immunohistochemistry staining showed that the expression levels of p-ERK, PCNA, p-STAT3 were decreased while the expression level of caspase-3 was increased by MMPP treatment. Thus, MMPP may be a promising anti-cancer agent in ovarian epithelial cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zheng
- College of Pharmacy & Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Ju Son
- College of Pharmacy & Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Lim Lee
- College of Pharmacy & Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Pom Lee
- College of Pharmacy & Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hoon Kim
- College of Pharmacy & Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Heun Joo
- College of Pharmacy & Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Wan Ham
- Department of Chemistry, Utah Valley University 800 W, University Pkwy, Orem, Utah
| | - Wun Jae Kim
- College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Jung
- College of Pharmacy & Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Bae Han
- College of Pharmacy & Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy & Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
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Kang HW, Seo SP, Kim WT, Kim YJ, Yun SJ, Lee SC, Choi YD, Ha YS, Kim TH, Kwon TG, Byun SS, Jeh SU, Kim WJ. Impact of the ASA Physical Status Score on Adjuvant Chemotherapy Eligibility and Survival of Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma Patients: a Multicenter Study. J Korean Med Sci 2017; 32:335-342. [PMID: 28049247 PMCID: PMC5220002 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2017.32.2.335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present multi-institutional study was to assess the influence of the American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status (ASA-PS) classification on adjuvant chemotherapy eligibility and survival in a multi-institutional cohort of patients treated with radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). We retrospectively reviewed data from 416 patients who underwent RNU for UTUC at four Korean institutions between 2001 and 2013. The ASA-PS classification was obtained from the anesthesia chart. Locally advanced UTUC was defined as ≥ pT3 and/or pN1 disease. The influence of ASA-PS score on survival was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier analyses and a multivariate Cox regression model. Patients with a higher ASA-PS class were less likely to be eligible for adjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced UTUC (P = 0.016). Kaplan-Meier estimates showed that the high-risk ASA-PS group has a poorer overallsurvival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) compared to low risk ASA-PS groups in both the total and locally advanced UTUC cohorts. Based on multivariate Cox regression analysis, the high-risk ASA-PS category was an independent predictor for overall mortality (OM) (hazard ratio [HR], 1.919; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.017-3.619; P = 0.044) and cancer-specific mortality (CSM) (HR, 2.120; 95% CI, 1.023-4.394; P = 0.043). In conclusion, high-risk ASA-PS score was independently associated with a lower survival rate in patients with UTUC after RNU. However, the influence of ASA-PS classification on survival was limited to locally advanced UTUC. The lower eligibility of patients in the high-risk ASA category for adjuvant chemotherapy may contribute to the lower survival rate in this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Won Kang
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Sung Pil Seo
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Won Tae Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Yong June Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Seok Joong Yun
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Sang Cheol Lee
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Young Deuk Choi
- Department of Urology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yun Sok Ha
- Departments of Urology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Tae Hwan Kim
- Departments of Urology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Tae Gyun Kwon
- Departments of Urology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Seok Soo Byun
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Seong Uk Jeh
- Department of Urology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
| | - Wun Jae Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea.
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Kim S, Kim H, Kim WJ, Lee SJ, Hong Y, Lee HY, Lim MN, Han SS. Mortality and predictors in pulmonary tuberculosis with respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2017; 20:524-9. [PMID: 26970163 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.15.0690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyse the predictors and mortality rate among patients receiving mechanical ventilation (MV) for respiratory failure due to pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). DESIGN We retrospectively compared patients who required MV for TB with patients who required MV for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). RESULTS In-hospital mortality was significantly different between the two groups: 95.1% in TB vs. 62.7% in CAP (P < 0.001 using the χ(2) test). TB patients had a higher 30-day mortality (P = 0.040 using log-rank test), although the median sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) (7.0 vs. 6.0, P = 0.842) and mean Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II scores (20.0 ± 6.7 vs. 21.2 ± 6.7, P = 0.379) for TB and CAP patients were not different. TB patients were more likely to have increased lung lesion intrusions (OR 1.307, 95%CI 1.042-1.641, P = 0.021), and reduced albumin (OR 0.073, 95%CI 0.016-0.335, P = 0.001), C-reactive protein (OR 0.324, 95%CI 0.146-0.716, P = 0.005) and CURB-65 score (confusion, uraemia, respiratory rate, blood pressure and age ⩾65 years) (OR 0.916, 95%CI 0.844-0.995, P = 0.037). CONCLUSIONS TB patients showed identical SOFA and APACHE II scores, but higher mortality than CAP patients. The higher mortality was not related to severity, but suggested an association with the extent of destructive lung lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - H Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - W J Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - S-J Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Y Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - H-Y Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - M-N Lim
- Environmental Health Center, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - S-S Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
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25
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Peppler WT, Kim WJ, Ethans K, Cowley KC. Precision of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry of the knee and heel: methodology and implications for research to reduce bone mineral loss after spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord 2016; 55:483-488. [PMID: 27995940 DOI: 10.1038/sc.2016.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Methodological validation of dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-based measures of leg bone mineral density (BMD) based on the guidelines of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry. OBJECTIVES The primary objective of this study was to determine the precision of BMD estimates at the knee and heel using the manufacturer provided DXA acquisition algorithm. The secondary objective was to determine the smallest change in DXA-based measurement of BMD that should be surpassed (least significant change (LSC)) before suggesting that a biological change has occurred in the distal femur, proximal tibia and calcaneus. SETTING Academic Research Centre, Canada. METHODS Ten people with motor-complete SCI of at least 2 years duration and 10 people from the general population volunteered to have four DXA-based measurements taken of their femur, tibia and calcaneus. BMDs for seven regions of interest (RIs) were calculated, as were short-term precision (root-mean-square (RMS) standard deviation (g cm-2), RMS-coefficient of variation (RMS-CV, %)) and LSC. RESULTS Overall, RMS-CV values were similar between SCI (3.63-10.20%, mean=5.3%) and able-bodied (1.85-5.73%, mean=4%) cohorts, despite lower absolute BMD values at each RIs in those with SCI (35%, heel to 54%, knee; P<0.0001). Precision was highest at the calcaneus and lowest at the femur. Except at the femur, RMS-CV values were under 6%. CONCLUSIONS For DXA-based estimates of BMD at the distal femur, proximal tibia and calcaneus, these precision values suggest that LSC values >10% are needed to detect differences between treated and untreated groups in studies aimed at reducing bone mineral loss after SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- W T Peppler
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - W J Kim
- Faculty of Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - K Ethans
- Section of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - K C Cowley
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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Kang HW, Seo SP, Kim WT, Yun SJ, Lee SC, Kim WJ, Hwang EC, Kang SH, Hong SH, Chung J, Kwon TG, Kim HH, Kwak C, Byun SS, Kim YJ. Impact of Young Age at Diagnosis on Survival in Patients with Surgically Treated Renal Cell Carcinoma: a Multicenter Study. J Korean Med Sci 2016; 31:1976-1982. [PMID: 27822938 PMCID: PMC5102863 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2016.31.12.1976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The prognostic significance of age in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a subject of debate. The aim of the present multi-institutional study was to evaluate the impact of age on clinicopathological features and survival in a large cohort of patients with RCC. A total of 5,178 patients who underwent surgery for RCC at eight institutions in Korea between 1999 and 2011 were categorized into three groups according to age at diagnosis as follows: young age (< 40 years, n = 541), middle-age (≥ 40 and < 60 years, n = 2,551), and old age (≥ 60 years, n = 2,096) groups. Clinicopathological variables and survival rates were compared between the three groups. Young patients had lower stage tumors with a low Fuhrman grade, a lower rate of lymphovascular invasion than patients in the other age groups. Regarding histologic type, the young age group had a lower percentage of clear cell histology and a greater incidence of Xp11.2 translocation RCC. Kaplan-Meier estimates showed that cancer-specific survival was significantly better in the young age group than in the other groups (log rank test, P = 0.008). However, age at diagnosis was not an independent predictor of survival in multivariate analysis. In conclusion, young age at diagnosis was associated with favorable pathologic features, although it was not an independent prognostic factor for survival in patients with surgically-treated RCC. Age itself should not be regarded as a crucial determinant for the treatment of RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Won Kang
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Sung Pil Seo
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Won Tae Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Seok Joong Yun
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Sang Cheol Lee
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Wun Jae Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Eu Chang Hwang
- Department of Urology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Seok Ho Kang
- Department of Urology, Korea University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Hoo Hong
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jinsoo Chung
- Department of Urology, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Tae Gyun Kwon
- Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hyeon Hoe Kim
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Cheol Kwak
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok Soo Byun
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Yong June Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea.
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27
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Kim SH, Seo SI, Lee HM, Choi HY, Jeon SH, Lee HL, Kwon TG, Kim YJ, Kim WJ, Chung J. A Prospective Multicenter Trial of the Efficacy and Tolerability of Neoadjuvant Sunitinib for Inoperable Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma. J Korean Med Sci 2016; 31:1983-1988. [PMID: 27822939 PMCID: PMC5102864 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2016.31.12.1983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of 2-cycled neoadjuvant sunitinib therapy (NST) in patients with inoperable metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Between 2009 and 2012, 14 patients with inoperable mRCC from 5 Korean academic centers were prospectively enrolled after collecting their clinicopathological data and completing health-related questionnaires. The best overall response (BOR), safety profile, and changes in quality of life during NST were assessed using the RECIST criteria (version 1.0), CTCAE criteria (version 4.0), and the Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (QLQ-C30). Among the 14 patients, 9 patients (64.3%) experienced partial response or stable disease state, and 5 patients (35.7%) did not complete treatment, with 1 case of disease progression (7.1%), 3 grade 3 adverse events (21.4%), and 1 voluntary withdrawal (7.1%). Four patients (28.6%) were successfully converted to an operable state and underwent surgery after NST. The BOR for the primary renal lesions was 22.2%, with a median 1.3-cm diameter reduction (range: 0-2.8 cm) from a baseline diameter of 10.3 cm (range: 6.6-15.8 cm). The other 18 measurable metastatic lesions exhibited a BOR of 55.6%. The QLQ-C30 questionnaire results revealed significant improvements in the quality of life domain, although we observed significant increases in the scores for fatigue, nausea and vomiting, and the financial effects of NST (P < 0.05). Two-cycle NST provided limited efficacy for resectability of inoperable mRCC, despite mild improvements in the BOR of the primary lesion and quality of life (Clinical Trial Registry 1041140-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Han Kim
- Department of Urology, Center for Prostate Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital of National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Seong Il Seo
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Moo Lee
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Han Yong Choi
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Jeon
- Department of Urology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung Lae Lee
- Department of Urology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Gyun Kwon
- Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Deagu, Korea
| | - Yong June Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Wun Jae Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Jinsoo Chung
- Department of Urology, Center for Prostate Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital of National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
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Kim WJ, Ji Y, Choi G, Kang YM, Yang S, Moon BC. Molecular identification and phylogenetic analysis of important medicinal plant species in genus Paeonia based on rDNA-ITS, matK, and rbcL DNA barcode sequences. Genet Mol Res 2016; 15:gmr8472. [PMID: 27525917 DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15038472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
This study was performed to identify and analyze the phylogenetic relationship among four herbaceous species of the genus Paeonia, P. lactiflora, P. japonica, P. veitchii, and P. suffruticosa, using DNA barcodes. These four species, which are commonly used in traditional medicine as Paeoniae Radix and Moutan Radicis Cortex, are pharmaceutically defined in different ways in the national pharmacopoeias in Korea, Japan, and China. To authenticate the different species used in these medicines, we evaluated rDNA-internal transcribed spacers (ITS), matK and rbcL regions, which provide information capable of effectively distinguishing each species from one another. Seventeen samples were collected from different geographic regions in Korea and China, and DNA barcode regions were amplified using universal primers. Comparative analyses of these DNA barcode sequences revealed species-specific nucleotide sequences capable of discriminating the four Paeonia species. Among the entire sequences of three barcodes, marker nucleotides were identified at three positions in P. lactiflora, eleven in P. japonica, five in P. veitchii, and 25 in P. suffruticosa. Phylogenetic analyses also revealed four distinct clusters showing homogeneous clades with high resolution at the species level. The results demonstrate that the analysis of these three DNA barcode sequences is a reliable method for identifying the four Paeonia species and can be used to authenticate Paeoniae Radix and Moutan Radicis Cortex at the species level. Furthermore, based on the assessment of amplicon sizes, inter/intra-specific distances, marker nucleotides, and phylogenetic analysis, rDNA-ITS was the most suitable DNA barcode for identification of these species.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Kim
- K-herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Ji
- K-herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - G Choi
- K-herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Y M Kang
- K-herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - S Yang
- K-herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - B C Moon
- K-herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Kang WH, Hwang S, Song GW, Jung DH, Kim KH, Park GC, Ha TY, Ahn CS, Moon DB, Yoon YI, Shin MH, Kim WJ, Kim SH, Lee SG. Donor Safety and Recipient Liver Function After Right-Lobe Liver Transplantation From Living Donors With Gilbert Syndrome. Transplant Proc 2016; 47:2827-30. [PMID: 26707296 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2015.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Donor safety is the most important aspect in living-donor liver transplantation (LDLT). Gilbert syndrome is an autosomal recessive condition that is a common cause of isolated unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia, and its prevalence is not negligibly low in the general population. This study intended to assess donor safety and recipient liver function after LDLT with the use of right liver grafts from living donors with Gilbert syndrome. METHODS Among 2,140 right liver transplantations performed from January 2002 to December 20113 at our institution, we identified 12 living donors (0.6%) who showed a preoperative serum total bilirubin level of ≥2 mg/dL. These donors were clinically diagnosed with Gilbert syndrome. The clinical outcomes of these donors and their recipients were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS The mean donor age was 24.6 ± 7.1 years, and 11 donors were male. All subjects met the preoperative evaluation conditions for right liver donation except for the level of unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia. The mean serum total bilirubin level of the donors was 2.23 ± 0.20 mg/dL before and 1.79 ± 0.61 mg/dL 1 year after right liver donation. The preoperative donor direct bilirubin level was 0.43 ± 0.19 mg/dL. The preoperative indocyanine green retention rate at 15 minutes was 8.2 ± 2.8%. All donors and recipients recovered uneventfully and were alive at the time of writing. The recipient serum total bilirubin level was 1.29 ± 0.47 mg/dL 1 year after LDLT. CONCLUSIONS We suggest that LDLT with living donors with Gilbert syndrome can be safely performed, but that a meticulous preoperative evaluation is vital to maximize donor safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- W H Kang
- Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Hwang
- Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - G W Song
- Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - D H Jung
- Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - K H Kim
- Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - G C Park
- Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - T Y Ha
- Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - C S Ahn
- Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - D B Moon
- Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y I Yoon
- Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - M H Shin
- Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - W J Kim
- Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S H Kim
- Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S G Lee
- Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kim WT, Yun SJ, Yan C, Jeong P, Kim YH, Lee IS, Kang HW, Park S, Moon SK, Choi YH, Choi YD, Kim IY, Kim J, Kim WJ. Metabolic Pathway Signatures Associated with Urinary Metabolite Biomarkers Differentiate Bladder Cancer Patients from Healthy Controls. Yonsei Med J 2016; 57:865-71. [PMID: 27189278 PMCID: PMC4951461 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2016.57.4.865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Our previous high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry study identified bladder cancer (BCA)-specific urine metabolites, including carnitine, acylcarnitines, and melatonin. The objective of the current study was to determine which metabolic pathways are perturbed in BCA, based on our previously identified urinary metabolome. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 135 primary BCA samples and 26 control tissue samples from healthy volunteers were analyzed. The association between specific urinary metabolites and their related encoding genes was analyzed. RESULTS Significant alterations in the carnitine-acylcarnitine and tryptophan metabolic pathways were detected in urine specimens from BCA patients compared to those of healthy controls. The expression of eight genes involved in the carnitine-acylcarnitine metabolic pathway (CPT1A, CPT1B, CPT1C, CPT2, SLC25A20, and CRAT) or tryptophan metabolism (TPH1 and IDO1) was assessed by RT-PCR in our BCA cohort (n=135). CPT1B, CPT1C, SLC25A20, CRAT, TPH1, and IOD1 were significantly downregulated in tumor tissues compared to normal bladder tissues (p<0.05 all) of patients with non-muscle invasive BCA, whereas CPT1B, CPT1C, CRAT, and TPH1 were downregulated in those with muscle invasive BCA (p<0.05), with no changes in IDO1 expression. CONCLUSION Alterations in the expression of genes associated with the carnitine-acylcarnitine and tryptophan metabolic pathways, which were the most perturbed pathways in BCA, were determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Tae Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok Joong Yun
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Chunri Yan
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Pildu Jeong
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Ye Hwan Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Il Seok Lee
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Ho Won Kang
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Sunghyouk Park
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Product Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Kwon Moon
- School of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Oriental Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Young Deuk Choi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Isaac Yi Kim
- Section of Urological Oncology, The Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Jayoung Kim
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Cancer Biology Division, Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Wun Jae Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea.
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Zheng J, Son DJ, Gu SM, Woo JR, Ham YW, Lee HP, Kim WJ, Jung JK, Hong JT. Piperlongumine inhibits lung tumor growth via inhibition of nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathway. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26357. [PMID: 27198178 PMCID: PMC4873819 DOI: 10.1038/srep26357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Piperlongumine has anti-cancer activity in numerous cancer cell lines via various signaling pathways. But there has been no study regarding the mechanisms of PL on the lung cancer yet. Thus, we evaluated the anti-cancer effects and possible mechanisms of PL on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells in vivo and in vitro. Our findings showed that PL induced apoptotic cell death and suppressed the DNA binding activity of NF-κB in a concentration dependent manner (0-15 μM) in NSCLC cells. Docking model and pull down assay showed that PL directly binds to the DNA binding site of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p50 subunit, and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis showed that PL binds to p50 concentration-dependently. Moreover, co-treatment of PL with NF-κB inhibitor phenylarsine oxide (0.1 μM) or p50 siRNA (100 nM) augmented PL-induced inhibitory effect on cell growth and activation of Fas and DR4. Notably, co-treatment of PL with p50 mutant plasmid (C62S) partially abolished PL-induced cell growth inhibition and decreased the enhanced expression of Fas and DR4. In xenograft mice model, PL (2.5-5 mg/kg) suppressed tumor growth of NSCLC dose-dependently. Therefore, these results indicated that PL could inhibit lung cancer cell growth via inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zheng
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Osong-eup, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Ju Son
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Osong-eup, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Mi Gu
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Osong-eup, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Rang Woo
- New Drug Development Center, KBio, Osong-eup, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Wan Ham
- Department of Chemistry, Utah Valley University, 800 West University Parkway, Orem, UT 84508, USA
| | - Hee Pom Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Osong-eup, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Wun Jae Kim
- College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Chungdae-ro 1, Seowon-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Jung
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Osong-eup, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Osong-eup, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28160, Republic of Korea
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Jung JY, Woo SM, Kim WJ, Lee BN, Nör JE, Min KS, Choi CH, Koh JT, Lee KJ, Hwang YC. Simvastatin inhibits the expression of inflammatory cytokines and cell adhesion molecules induced by LPS in human dental pulp cells. Int Endod J 2016; 50:377-386. [PMID: 27003335 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effect of simvastatin on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated inflammatory cytokines, cell adhesion molecules and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) transcription factors in human dental pulp cells (HDPCs). METHODOLOGY The effect of LPS and simvastatin on human dental pulp cell (HDPCs) viability was measured using a 3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The expression of inflammatory cytokines and cell adhesion molecules was evaluated by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot analysis. NF-κB transcription factors were evaluated by Western blot analysis. Statistical analysis was performed with analysis of variance (anova). RESULTS The viability of cells exposed to different concentrations of E. coli LPS, P. gingivalis LPS and simvastatin was not significantly different compared with that of control cells (P > 0.05). LPS significantly increased interleukin (IL)-1β (P < 0.05) and IL-6 mRNA expression (P < 0.05) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) (P < 0.05) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) protein expression (P < 0.05) in HDPCs. Treatment with simvastatin significantly attenuated LPS-stimulated production of IL-1β, IL-6, VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 (P < 0.05). Treatment with simvastatin decreased LPS-induced expression of p65 and phosphorylation of IκB and also significantly decreased the phosphorylation of p65 and IκB in the cytoplasm and the level of p65 in the nucleus (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Simvastatin has a suppressing effect on LPS-induced inflammatory cytokine, cell adhesion molecules and NF-κB transcription factors in HDPCs. Therefore, simvastatin might be a useful candidate as a pulp-capping agent in vital pulp therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Jung
- Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - S M Woo
- Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - W J Kim
- Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea.,Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - B N Lee
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - J E Nör
- Angiogenesis Research Laboratory, Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - K S Min
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
| | - C H Choi
- Department of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - J T Koh
- Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - K J Lee
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y C Hwang
- Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea.,Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
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Moon BC, Kim WJ, Ji Y, Lee YM, Kang YM, Choi G. Molecular identification of the traditional herbal medicines, Arisaematis Rhizoma and Pinelliae Tuber, and common adulterants via universal DNA barcode sequences. Genet Mol Res 2016; 15:gmr7064. [PMID: 26909979 DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15017064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Methods to identify Pinelliae Tuber and Arisaematis Rhizoma are required because of frequent reciprocal substitution between these two herbal medicines and the existence of several closely related plant materials. As a result of the morphological similarity of dried tubers, correct discrimination of authentic herbal medicines is difficult by conventional methods. Therefore, we analyzed DNA barcode sequences to identify each herbal medicine and the common adulterants at a species level. To verify the identity of these herbal medicines, we collected five authentic species (Pinellia ternata for Pinelliae Tuber, and Arisaema amurense, A. amurense var. serratum, A. erubescens, and A. heterophyllum for Arisaematis Rhizoma) and six common adulterant plant species. Maturase K (matK) and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunit (rbcL) genes were then amplified using universal primers. In comparative analyses of two DNA barcode sequences, we obtained 45 species-specific nucleotides sufficient to identify each species (except A. erubescens with matK) and 28 marker nucleotides for each species (except P. pedatisecta with rbcL). Sequence differences at corresponding positions of the two combined DNA barcodes provided genetic marker nucleotides that could be used to identify specimens of the correct species among the analyzed medicinal plants. Furthermore, we generated a phylogenetic tree showing nine distinct groups depending on the species. These results can be used to authenticate Pinelliae Tuber and Arisaematis Rhizoma from their adulterants and to identify each species. Thus, comparative analyses of plant DNA barcode sequences identified useful genetic markers for the authentication of Pinelliae Tuber and Arisaematis Rhizoma from several adulterant herbal materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- B C Moon
- K-herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - W J Kim
- K-herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Ji
- K-herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Y M Lee
- K-herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Y M Kang
- K-herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - G Choi
- K-herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Han SS, Kim S, Lee SJ, Kim WJ, Hong Y, Lee HY. Clinical characteristics and prognostic factors in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis as a primary cause of respiratory failure admitted to intensive care units. Intensive Care Med Exp 2015. [PMCID: PMC4797566 DOI: 10.1186/2197-425x-3-s1-a383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Choi HY, Kim WJ. Effect of thermal treatment on the bio-corrosion and mechanical properties of ultrafine-grained ZK60 magnesium alloy. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2015; 51:291-301. [PMID: 26275491 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2015.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H Y Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Hongik University, Mapo-gu, Sangsu-dong 72-1, Seoul 121-791, South Korea
| | - W J Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Hongik University, Mapo-gu, Sangsu-dong 72-1, Seoul 121-791, South Korea.
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Kim WJ, Lee E, Kim KR, Namkoong K, Park ES, Rha DW. Progress of PTSD symptoms following birth: a prospective study in mothers of high-risk infants. J Perinatol 2015; 35:575-9. [PMID: 25856762 DOI: 10.1038/jp.2015.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Revised: 01/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand how postpartum posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in mothers of high-risk infants progress and identify what factors predict postpartum PTSD. STUDY DESIGN We prospectively obtained self-reported psychological data from neonatal intensive care unit discharged infants' mothers (NICU mothers) at the infants' corrected ages of 1 (T0), 3 (T1) and 12 months (T2) and mothers of healthy infants (controls). Maternal sociodemographic and infant-related factors were also investigated. RESULT PTSD was present in 25 and 9% of NICU mothers and controls, respectively. We identified four PTSD patterns: none, persistent, delayed and recovered. The postpartum PTSD course was associated with trait anxiety. Whether the infant was the first child who predicted PTSD at year 1 (adjusted odds ratio=7.62, 95% confidence interval=1.07 to 54.52). CONCLUSION Mothers of high-risk infants can develop early or late PTSD, and its course can be influenced by factors besides medical status. We therefore recommend regular screenings of postpartum PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Kim
- Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - E Lee
- Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - K R Kim
- Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - K Namkoong
- Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - E S Park
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - D-w Rha
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Kim JY, Kim SS, Jang HJ, Oh MY, Lee DH, Eom DW, Kang KS, Kim SN, Kwan HC, Ham JY, Kim WJ, Jang DS, Han DJ. 5,7-dihydroxy-3,4,6-trimethoxyflavone attenuates ischemic damage and apoptosis in mouse islets. Transplant Proc 2015; 47:1073-8. [PMID: 26036523 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2014.12.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The transplantation of isolated pancreatic islets is a promising treatment for diabetes. 5,7-dihydroxy-3,4,6-trimethoxyflavone (Eupatilin), a pharmacologically active flavone derived from the Artemisia plant species, has been reported to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. This study examines the hypothesis that preoperative eupatilin treatment can attenuate ischemic damage and apoptosis before islet transplantation. METHODS Islets isolated from Balb/c mice were randomly divided into 2 groups, and cultured in medium supplemented with or without eupatilin. In vitro islet viability and function were assessed. After treatment with a cytokine cocktail consisting of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interferon (INF)-γ, and interleukin (IL)-1β, islet cell viability, function, and apoptotic status were determined. The glutathione (GSH) and nitrous oxide (NO) levels were also measured. Proteins related to apoptosis were analyzed using Western blotting. RESULTS There was no difference in cell viability between the 2 groups. Islets cultured in the medium supplemented with eupatilin showed 1.4-fold higher glucose-induced insulin secretion than the islets cultured in the medium without eupatilin. After treatment with a cytokine cocktail, glucose-induced insulin release and the total insulin content of the islets were significantly improved in eupatilin-pretreated islets compared with islets not treated with eupatilin. Apoptosis was significantly decreased, and GSH levels were elevated in the eupatilin-pretreated group. Cytokine-only treated islets produced significantly higher levels of NO, iNOS, and caspase-3 than islets pretreated with eupatilin before cytokine treatment. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that preoperative eupatilin administration enhances islet function before transplantation and attenuates the cytokine-induced damage associated with NO production and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Gangneung Asan Hospital, South Korea
| | - S S Kim
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Gangneung Asan Hospital, South Korea
| | - H J Jang
- Department of Surgery, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Gangneung Asan Hospital, South Korea.
| | - M Y Oh
- Department of Surgery, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Gangneung Asan Hospital, South Korea
| | - D H Lee
- Department of Surgery, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Gangneung Asan Hospital, South Korea
| | - D W Eom
- Department of Pathology, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Gangneung Asan Hospital, South Korea
| | - K S Kang
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - S N Kim
- Natural Medicine Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung, South Korea
| | - H C Kwan
- Natural Medicine Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung, South Korea
| | - J Y Ham
- Natural Medicine Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung, South Korea
| | - W J Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Gangneung Asan Hospital, South Korea
| | - D S Jang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - D J Han
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
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Ha YS, Yu J, Patel N, Hassanzadeh Salmasi A, Parihar J, Kwon TG, Kim WJ, Kim IY. Pathologic findings in patients who underwent robot-assisted radical prostatectomy following active surveillance: a prospective study in a single center. MINERVA UROL NEFROL 2015; 67:1-9. [PMID: 25664959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM Active surveillance is the recommended treatment of option for men with very low-risk prostate cancer. In this study, the clinicopathological results of patients who were initially treated with active surveillance and subsequently underwent robot-assisted radical prostatectomy during follow-up are described. METHODS A prospective cohort of 106 men enrolled in active surveillance was reviewed. Pathologic specimens for patients who ultimately underwent robot-assisted radical prostatectomy for progression or personal preference were analyzed. RESULTS After exclusion of 14 patients who were lost to follow-up or with incomplete data collection, 92 men were included in the present analyses. Median follow-up was 27.6 months (range 3.3 to 193.1). Twenty-nine patients underwent robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. Progression occurred in 32 patients (34.8%), of which 23 men elected to undergo surgery. Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy was performed in 6 additional patients who chose definitive intervention due to anxiety. Pathologic analyses revealed organ-confined disease in 24 patients (82.8%), and Gleason score was ≥ 7 in nine (31%). Fourteen (48.3%) specimens were identified as having an advanced disease (Gleason score ≥ 7 and/or T3). In comparison to the patients with low-risk disease post-operatively (Gleason score <7 and T2), patients with advanced disease had significantly higher PSA density level and lower prostate volume. CONCLUSION In this prospective active surveillance cohort, the progression rate was 34.8% over the follow-up period of 27.6 months. In specimens of patients who underwent robot-assisted radical prostatectomy, 48.3% displayed advanced pathologic features. Therefore we recommend that patients considering active surveillance should be counseled on risk of advanced disease as a possible hazard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Ha
- Section of Urologic Oncology Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey New Brunswick, NJ USA -
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Chu M, Cho SJ, Kim WJ, Kim JM. EHMTI-0075. Is insomnia associated with migraineurs attributable to anxiety and depression? J Headache Pain 2014. [PMCID: PMC4180186 DOI: 10.1186/1129-2377-15-s1-d10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Kim WJ, Shin EH, Kong HJ, Kim HS, Kim BS, Nam BH, Kim YO, Kim CH, Jung H, An CM. Characterization of novel microsatellite markers derived from Korean rose bitterling (Rhodeus uyekii) genomic library. Genet Mol Res 2014; 13:8147-52. [PMID: 25299199 DOI: 10.4238/2014.october.7.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Korean rose bitterling (Rhodeus uyekii) is a freshwater fish endemic to Korea. Natural populations of this species have experienced severe declines as a result of habitat fragmentation and water pollution. To conserve and restore R. uyekii, the genetic diversity of this species needs to be assessed at the population level. Eighteen novel polymorphic microsatellite loci for R. uyekii were developed using an enriched partial genomic library. Polymorphisms at these loci were studied in 150 individuals collected from three populations. The number of alleles at each locus ranged from 3 to 47 (mean = 17.1). Within the populations, the observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.032 to 1.000, expected heterozygosity from 0.082 to 0.967, and polymorphism information content from 0.078 to 0.950. Six loci showed significant deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium after Bonferroni's correction, and no significant linkage disequilibrium was detected between most locus pairs, except in three cases. These highly informative microsatellite markers should be useful for genetic population structure analyses of R. uyekii.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Kim
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - E H Shin
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - H J Kong
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Kim
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - B S Kim
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - B H Nam
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Y O Kim
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - C H Kim
- Central Regional Inland Fisheries Research, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - H Jung
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - C M An
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Busan, Republic of Korea
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Kang JH, Ko HM, Moon JS, Yoo HI, Jung JY, Kim MS, Koh JT, Kim WJ, Kim SH. Osteoprotegerin expressed by osteoclasts: an autoregulator of osteoclastogenesis. J Dent Res 2014; 93:1116-23. [PMID: 25256714 DOI: 10.1177/0022034514552677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is secreted by stromal and osteoblastic lineage cells and inhibits osteoclastogenesis by preventing the interaction of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) with receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK). In this study, the expression of OPG in osteoclasts themselves and its biological functions during osteoclastogenesis were investigated for the first time. OPG expression in vivo in the developing rat maxilla was examined by immunofluorescence analysis. OPG expression in osteoclasts during in vitro osteoclastogenesis was determined by reverse-transcription polymerase chain-reaction (RT-PCR), Western blot, and immunofluorescence staining. We determined the function of OPG produced by osteoclasts during osteoclastogenesis by silencing the OPG gene. The effects of OPG on bone-resorbing activity and apoptosis of mature osteoclasts were examined by the assay of resorptive pit formation on calcium-phosphate-coated plate and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining, respectively. In the immunofluorescence findings, strong immunoreactivities were unexpectedly seen in multinucleated tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive osteoclasts around the growing and erupting tooth germs in the rat alveolar bone. In vitro, OPG expression was significantly increased during the differentiation of osteoclasts from mouse bone-marrow-derived cells treated with a combination of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and RANKL. Interestingly, it was found that OPG small interfering (si)RNA treatment during osteoclastogenesis enhanced the sizes of osteoclasts, but attenuated their bone-resorbing activity. Also, the increased chromosomal DNA fragmentation and caspase-3 activity in the late phase of osteoclastogenesis were found to be decreased by treatment with OPG siRNA. Furthermore, effects of OPG siRNA treatment on osteoclastogenesis and bone-resorbing activity were recovered by the treatment of exogenous OPG. These results suggest that OPG, expressed by the osteoclasts themselves, may play an auto-regulatory role in the late phase of osteoclastogenesis through the induction of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Kang
- Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - H M Ko
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Seonam University, Namwon, Korea
| | - J S Moon
- Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - H I Yoo
- Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - J Y Jung
- Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - M S Kim
- Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - J T Koh
- Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - W J Kim
- Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - S H Kim
- Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
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Kang DH, Kim KL, Kim YG, Park YJ, Kim WJ, Kim SH, Lee HG. Investigation of thermal and electrical stabilities of a GdBCO coil using grease as an insulation material for practical superconducting applications. Rev Sci Instrum 2014; 85:094701. [PMID: 25273748 DOI: 10.1063/1.4894202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents the effects of thermal grease on the electrical and thermal characteristics of GdBCO pancake coils, observed through charge-discharge, sudden discharge, over-current, and thermal quench testing. In charge-discharge and sudden discharge tests, a coil using thermal grease as an insulation material demonstrated faster charging/discharging rates compared to a coil without turn-to-turn insulation. In the case of over-current tests, the coil using thermal grease exhibited the highest electrical stability. Furthermore, thermal quench testing showed the coil employing thermal grease to possess superior thermal characteristics, with rapid cooling and low temperature rise. Overall, the use of thermal grease as an insulation material may be a potential solution to the problems observed with the existing insulation materials, possessing fast charging/discharging rates with superior thermal and electrical stabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Anam-dong 5 ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, South Korea
| | - K L Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Anam-dong 5 ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, South Korea
| | - Y G Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Anam-dong 5 ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, South Korea
| | - Y J Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Anam-dong 5 ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, South Korea
| | - W J Kim
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Gyeongsang National University and ERI, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 660-701, South Korea
| | - S H Kim
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Gyeongsang National University and ERI, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 660-701, South Korea
| | - H G Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Anam-dong 5 ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, South Korea
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Chon SB, Kim TS, Oh WS, Lee SJ, Han SS, Kim WJ. Pulmonary tuberculosis among patients hospitalised with community-acquired pneumonia in a tuberculosis-prevalent area. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2014; 18:761-2. [PMID: 24200280 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.13.0183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
SETTING A suburban teaching hospital in a tuberculosis (TB) prevalent area. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the proportion of pulmonary TB among patients hospitalised with suspected community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), and to develop a diagnostic index for identifying TB among these patients. DESIGN TB cases confirmed using 1) sputum culture, or 2) both sputum acid-fast bacilli smear and polymerase chain reaction for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, were compared with non-tuberculous CAP by demographic, clinical, laboratory and radiographic information. Using multiple logistic regression analysis, risk factors for TB were identified. A diagnostic index was developed by summing up their simplified regression coefficients. Its performance was checked using c-statistic. RESULTS TB was the second leading cause of CAP (37/528, 7.0%). Risk factors were initial symptoms >7 days, serum albumin <3.5 g/dl, cavitary/nodular infiltrates and upper lobe involvement (1 point for each). The c-statistic of the index was 0.856 (95%CI 0.789-0.923), and for bootstrapping samples of 1000 repetitions it was 0.856 (95%CI 0.791-0.921). For scores ≥2, sensitivity and specificity were respectively 81.1% and 75.8%. CONCLUSION TB is one of the leading causes of CAP in TB-prevalent areas. Our diagnostic index may help clinicians identify TB immediately from CAP and initiate appropriate isolation and optimal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-B Chon
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Jeon YK, Shin MJ, Kim WJ, Kim SS, Kim BH, Kim SJ, Kim YK, Shin YB, Kim IJ. The relationship between pulmonary function and bone mineral density in healthy nonsmoking women: the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2010. Osteoporos Int 2014; 25:1571-6. [PMID: 24577346 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-014-2627-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The aim of this study was to examine the association between pulmonary function and bone mineral density (BMD) in subjects who had never smoked. Pulmonary function was associated with BMD in premenopausal, but not postmenopausal, women. INTRODUCTION It has been reported that low bone mass is common in patients with pulmonary disorders such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, in healthy nonsmoking women, the relationship between bone mass and pulmonary function has yet to be clarified. The object of this study was to determine whether pulmonary function is related to BMD in healthy nonsmoking women based on menopausal status. METHODS This study was a cross-sectional study based on data obtained from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), a nationwide representative survey conducted by the Korean Ministry of Health and Welfare in 2010. This study included 456 subjects who had never smoked and analyzed data concerning pulmonary function and BMD. RESULTS Functional vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) were correlated with BMD at lumbar spine, femur neck (FN), and total hip in premenopausal women (p = 0.030, p = 0.003, p = 0.019, respectively, for FVC; p = 0.015, p = 0.006, p = 0.059, respectively, for FEV1). However, FVC and FEV1 were only correlated with BMD at FN in postmenopausal women (p = 0.003 for FVC; p = 0.006 for FEV1). Body mass index (BMI), FVC, and FEV1 were significantly related with BMD at FN, even after adjusting for age and other confounding factors (β = 0.334, p < 0.001; β = 0.145, p = 0.017; and β = 0.129, p = 0.037, respectively) in premenopausal women. However, only age and BMI were correlated with BMD at FN (β = -0.268, p = 0.001 and β = 0.384, p > 0.001) in postmenopausal women after adjusting for confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS Pulmonary function, including FVC and FEV1 are associated with BMD at FN in healthy nonsmoking premenopausal women but not in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y K Jeon
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
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Lee TH, Lee JS, Park JW, Cho SJ, Hong SJ, Jeon SR, Kim WJ, Kim HG, Cho JY, Kim JO. High-resolution impedance manometry facilitates assessment of pharyngeal residue and oropharyngeal dysphagic mechanisms. Dis Esophagus 2014; 27:220-9. [PMID: 23855892 DOI: 10.1111/dote.12101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The utility of high-resolution impedance manometry (HRIM) for evaluating oropharyngeal dysphagia (OPD) has been investigated. These approaches are limited because of the sophisticated methodology. A method of transforming HRIM into a simple and useful diagnostic tool for evaluating OPD is needed. A videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) and HRIM were performed by independent blinded examiners in 26 consecutive healthy volunteers (12 men; median age, 56.5 years) and 10 OPD patients (five men; median age, 59.5 years). Upper esophageal sphincter (UES) relaxation parameters were measured using a standard HRIM protocol. Peristalsis and bolus transit of the pharyngoesophageal (PE) segment were assessed using an HRIM-modified protocol in which the catheter was pulled back 10 cm. PE bolus transits were evaluated with an impedance contour pattern (linear vs. stasis) method. A significant difference was observed between the manometric measures of healthy volunteers and OPD patients for only the duration of pharyngeal contraction (0.49 ± 0.19 vs. 0.76 ± 0.33 s, P = 0.04). The percentage agreement and kappa value for detecting pharyngeal residue between the VFSS and the impedance analysis were 100% and 1.00, respectively. HRIM allowed for comprehensive assessment of abnormal pharyngeal components that caused pharyngeal residue on VFSS in two patients; reduced base of the tongue versus weak pharyngeal contraction in one, and reduced relaxation of the UES versus reduced laryngeal elevation in the remaining patient. Our findings demonstrated that HRIM using a simple methodology (i.e., pull-back of the catheter) detected pharyngeal residue through a simple analysis of the impedance contour pattern (linear vs. stasis). Furthermore, HRIM facilitated a comprehensive assessment of OPD mechanisms and recognition of subtle abnormalities not yet visible to the naked eye on VFSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Lee
- Institute for Digestive Research, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim WT, Kim J, Yan C, Jeong P, Choi SY, Lee OJ, Chae YB, Yun SJ, Lee SC, Kim WJ. S100A9 and EGFR gene signatures predict disease progression in muscle invasive bladder cancer patients after chemotherapy. Ann Oncol 2014; 25:974-9. [PMID: 24631944 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In our previous gene expression profile analysis, IL1B, S100A8, S100A9, and EGFR were shown to be important mediators of muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) progression. The aim of the present study was to investigate the ability of these gene signatures to predict disease progression after chemotherapy in patients with locally recurrent or metastatic MIBC. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with locally advanced MIBC who received chemotherapy were enrolled. The expression signatures of four genes were measured and carried out further functional analysis to confirm our findings. RESULTS Two of the four genes, S100A9 and EGFR, were determined to significantly influence disease progression (P = 0.023, 0.045, respectively). Based on a receiver operating characteristic curve, a cut-off value for disease progression was determined. Patients with the good-prognostic signature group had a significantly longer time to progression and cancer-specific survival time than those with the poor-prognostic signature group (P < 0.001, 0.042, respectively). In the multivariate Cox regression analysis, gene signature was the only factor that significantly influenced disease progression [hazard ratio: 4.726, confidence interval: 1.623-13.763, P = 0.004]. In immunohistochemical analysis, S100A9 and EGFR positivity were associated with disease progression after chemotherapy. Protein expression of S100A9/EGFR showed modest correlation with gene expression of S100A9/EGFR (r = 0.395, P = 0.014 and r = 0.453, P = 0.004). Our functional analysis provided the evidence demonstrating that expression of S100A9 and EGFR closely associated chemoresistance, and that inhibition of S100A9 and EGFR may sensitize bladder tumor cells to the cisplatin-based chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS The S100A9/EGFR level is a novel prognostic marker to predict the chemoresponsiveness of patients with locally recurrent or metastatic MIBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- W T Kim
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
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Ku NS, Lee Y, Ahn JY, Song JE, Kim MH, Kim SB, Jeong SJ, Hong KW, Kim E, Han SH, Song JY, Cheong HJ, Song YG, Kim WJ, Kim JM, Smith DM, Choi JY. HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder in HIV-infected Koreans: the Korean NeuroAIDS Project. HIV Med 2014; 15:470-7. [PMID: 24580888 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.12137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) is an independent predictor of early mortality and is associated with many difficulties in activities of daily living. We sought to determine the prevalence of and risk factors for HAND in HIV-infected Koreans. In addition, we investigated the performance of screening tools and components of neuropsychological (NP) tests for diagnosing HAND. METHODS HIV-infected patients were enrolled consecutively from two different urban teaching hospitals in Seoul, South Korea between March 2012 and September 2012. Participants completed a detailed NP assessment of six cognitive domains commonly affected by HIV. The Frascati criteria were used for diagnosing HAND. Four key questions, the International HIV Dementia Scale (IHDS) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)-K were also assessed as potential tools for screening for HAND. RESULTS Among the 194 participants, the prevalence of HAND was 26.3%. Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment and minor neurocognitive disorder accounted for 52.9 and 47.1% of the patients with HAND, respectively. In multivariate analysis, haemoglobin (Hb) level ≤ 13 g/dL (P = 0.046) and current use of a protease inhibitor-based regimen (P = 0.031) were independent risk factors for HAND. The sensitivity and specificity of the IHDS were 72.6 and 60.8%, and those of MoCA-K were 52.9 and 73.4%, respectively. The IHDS (P < 0.001) and MoCA-K (P < 0.001) were both useful for screening for HAND. Among NP tests, the sensitivity and specificity of the Grooved Pegboard Test were 90.2 and 72.0%, and those of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test were 61.2 and 84.4%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS HAND is a prevalent comorbidity in HIV-infected Koreans. Active screening and diagnosis with effective tools, such as the IHDS, MoCA-K and Grooved Pegboard Test, could be used to identify this important complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- N S Ku
- Department of Internal Medicine and AIDS Research Institute, Seoul, South Korea
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Jung JH, Park JY, Lim HM, Yoon YH, Kim WJ. Decision support for ecological river rehabilitation using fish habitat database. Water Sci Technol 2014; 69:2243-2251. [PMID: 24901618 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2014.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
After the recent success of several river rehabilitation projects including the Cheong-gye river case, a large number of local governments have been promoting their own projects in Korea. Most of the projects are aimed at securing the soundness of aquatic ecosystems according to the guidelines presented by the Korea Ministry of Environment. However, there is no clear guidance for the management goals of water quality and quantity. In this study, we have made an attempt to construct a habitat database (DB) for each domestic freshwater fish species. The fish population, and physical and physicochemical properties of the habitat of 70 domestic freshwater fish species were investigated using field monitoring data. After the statistical processing, the inhabitable range and optimal range of each species were suggested. Furthermore, based on the DB, a decision support system for ecological river restoration and rehabilitation has been developed, and applied for field tests. It became clear that the decision support procedure based on the fish habitat DB is useful in the planning stage of river rehabilitation projects to select the flagship fish, to decide the restoration goals considering their appropriate habitat and to suggest the optimum quantitative combination of each available water resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Jung
- Environmental Engineering Research Division, Korea Institute of Construction Technology, 1190, Simindae-ro, Ilsanseo-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeoggi-do, Korea 411-712 E-mail:
| | - J Y Park
- Environmental Engineering Research Division, Korea Institute of Construction Technology, 1190, Simindae-ro, Ilsanseo-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeoggi-do, Korea 411-712 E-mail:
| | - H M Lim
- Environmental Engineering Research Division, Korea Institute of Construction Technology, 1190, Simindae-ro, Ilsanseo-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeoggi-do, Korea 411-712 E-mail:
| | - Y H Yoon
- Environmental Engineering Research Division, Korea Institute of Construction Technology, 1190, Simindae-ro, Ilsanseo-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeoggi-do, Korea 411-712 E-mail:
| | - W J Kim
- Environmental Engineering Research Division, Korea Institute of Construction Technology, 1190, Simindae-ro, Ilsanseo-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeoggi-do, Korea 411-712 E-mail:
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Yoo HI, Jang SM, Kang JH, Kim MS, Koh JT, Jung JY, Kim WJ, Oh WM, Kim SH. PrPc is temporospatially expressed in molar development of rats. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2013; 296:1929-35. [PMID: 24127188 DOI: 10.1002/ar.22807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 08/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Odontogenesis, tooth development, is derived from two tissue components: ectoderm and neural crest-derived mesenchyme. Cyto-differentiation of odontogenic cells during development involves time-dependent and sequential regulation of genetic programs. This study was conducted to detect molecules implicated in cyto-differentiation of developing molar germs of rats. Differential display-PCR revealed that PrP(c) was differentially expressed between cap/early bell-staged germs (maxillary 3rd molar germs) and root formation-staged germs (maxillary 2nd molar germs) at postnatal day 9. Both levels of PrP(c) mRNA and protein expression were higher in the root formation stage than the cap/early bell stage and increased in a time-dependent manner. Immunofluorescence revealed for the first time that PrP(c) was not localized in the enamel organ, but localized in dental follicular cells for the development of the periodontal ligament and cementum as well as odontoblasts, both of which are of neural crest origin. These results suggest that the physiological functions of the PrP(c) in tooth development may be implicated in the differentiation of neural crest-derived mesenchyme including the periodontal tissues for root formation rather than epithelial tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- H I Yoo
- Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
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Imai K, Shiroyanagi Y, Kim WJ, Ichiroku T, Yamazaki Y. Satisfaction after the Malone antegrade continence enema procedure in patients with spina bifida. Spinal Cord 2013; 52:54-7. [PMID: 24081017 DOI: 10.1038/sc.2013.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2013] [Revised: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Retrospective chart review. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinical outcomes and factors influencing patient satisfaction with Malone antegrade continence enema (MACE) in patients with spina bifida. SETTING Japan. METHODS We performed retrospective analysis of 21 patients with spina bifida who underwent surgical creation of an MACE stoma. Clinical outcomes were evaluated by medical records, operative notes and mailed questionnaires. Patient satisfaction scores (SSs) were measured on a modified visual analog scale (VAS) from 1 to 10, and the factors influencing the SS were analyzed. RESULTS A 100% return rate for the mailed questionnaires was achieved. All patients underwent in situ appendicocecostomy with cecal plication. There was only one complication that required surgical revision. Regarding fecal continence, the overall success rate was 90%. Although 4 patients (19%) had severe irrigation pain and 4 patients (19%) found the washout time intolerably long, 18 (85%) of them were satisfied with the MACE procedure. Age at operation, experience of retrograde colonic enema (RCE), experience of stomal leakage, increased comfort at school or workplace and increased comfort at sleepovers significantly influenced SSs. CONCLUSION MACE is a valuable option in achieving fecal continence in patients with spina bifida, with most patients being satisfied with the procedure. In our analysis, younger age at operation, previous experience of RCE, no stomal leakage and improvement of quality of life (enhanced comfort at school, workplace and sleepovers) significantly influenced the high satisfaction after MACE.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Imai
- Department of Urology, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Y Shiroyanagi
- Department of Urology, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - W J Kim
- Department of Urology, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - T Ichiroku
- Department of Nursing, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Y Yamazaki
- Department of Urology, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
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